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Kumar V, Poonia N, Kumar P, Kumar Verma P, Alshammari A, Albekairi NA, Kabra A, Yadav N. Amphiphilic, lauric acid-coupled pluronic-based nano-micellar system for efficient glipizide delivery. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102046. [PMID: 38577487 PMCID: PMC10992704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Glipizide; an insulin secretagogue belonging to the sulfonylurea class, is a widely used antidiabetic drug for managing type 2 diabetes. However, the need for life-long administration and repeated doses poses challenges in maintaining optimal blood glucose levels. In this regard, orally active sustained-release nano-formulations can be a better alternative to traditional antidiabetic formulations. The present study explored an innovative approach by formulating orally active sustained-release nano-micelles using the amphiphilic lauric acid-conjugated-F127 (LAF127) block copolymer. LAF127 block copolymer was synthesized through esterification and thoroughly characterized before being employed to develop glipizide-loaded nano-micelles (GNM) via the thin-film hydration technique. The optimized formulation exhibited mean particle size of 341.40 ± 3.21 nm and depicted homogeneous particle size distribution with a polydispersity index (PDI) < 0.2. The formulation revealed a surface charge of -17.11 ± 6.23 mV. The in vitro release studies of glipizide from developed formulation depicted a sustained release profile. Drug loaded micelles exhibited a substantial reduction in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats for a duration of up to 24 h. Notably, neither the blank nano-micelles of LAF127 nor the drug loaded micelles manifested any indications of toxicity in healthy rats. This study provides an insight on suitability of synthesized LAF127 block copolymer for development of effective oral drug delivery systems for anti-diabetic activity without any significant adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipan Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa 125055, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Neelam Poonia
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform (WADDP) Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Prabhakar Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Neera Yadav
- School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Nandy SK, Das S, Pandey S, Kalita P, Gupta MK, Kabra A, Wadhwa P, Kumar D. The futuristic applications of transition metal dichalcogenides for cancer therapy. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4771. [PMID: 38747206 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The second-most common cause of death resulting from genetic mutations in DNA sequences is cancer. The difficulty in the field of anticancer research is the application of the traditional methods, which also affects normal cells. Mutations, genetic replication alterations, and chromosomal abnormalities have a direct impact on the effectiveness of anticancer drugs at different stages. Presently, therapeutic techniques utilize nanotechnology, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and robotics. TMDCs are being increasingly employed in tumor therapy and biosensing applications due to their biocompatibility, adjustable bandgap, versatile functionality, exceptional photoelectric properties, and wide range of applications. This study reports the advancement of nanoplatforms based on TMDCs that are specifically engineered for responsive and intelligent cancer therapy. This article offers a thorough examination of the current challenges, future possibilities for theranostic applications using TMDCs, and recent progress in employing TMDCs for cancer therapy. Currently, there is significant interest in two-dimensional (2D) TMDCs nanomaterials as ultrathin unique physicochemical properties. These materials have attracted attention in various fields, including biomedicine. Due to their inherent ability to absorb near-infrared light and their exceptionally large surface area, significant efforts are being made to prepare multifunctional nanoplatforms based on 2D TMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouvik Kumar Nandy
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Techno India University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sattwik Das
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Techno India University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Pallab Kalita
- University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Ribhoi, India
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar - Delhi, Phagwara, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
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Gupta T, Singh V, Hefnawy M, Alanazi MM, Alsuwayt B, Kabra A, Kumar A, Pasricha C, Singh R. Retraction of 'Ameliorating the Role of Aripiprazole in Memory Deficits Induced by Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin-Induced Dementia of Alzheimer's Type'. ACS Omega 2024; 9:15726. [PMID: 38585105 PMCID: PMC10993400 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02550.].
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Ayaz M, Mosa OF, Nawaz A, Hamdoon AAE, Elkhalifa MEM, Sadiq A, Ullah F, Ahmed A, Kabra A, Khan H, Murthy HCA. Neuroprotective potentials of Lead phytochemicals against Alzheimer's disease with focus on oxidative stress-mediated signaling pathways: Pharmacokinetic challenges, target specificity, clinical trials and future perspectives. Phytomedicine 2024; 124:155272. [PMID: 38181530 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's diseases (AD) and dementia are among the highly prevalent neurological disorders characterized by deposition of beta amyloid (Aβ) plaques, dense deposits of highly phosphorylated tau proteins, insufficiency of acetylcholine (ACh) and imbalance in glutamatergic system. Patients typically experience cognitive, behavioral alterations and are unable to perform their routine activities. Evidence also suggests that inflammatory processes including excessive microglia activation, high expression of inflammatory cytokines and release of free radicals. Thus, targeting inflammatory pathways beside other targets might be the key factors to control- disease symptoms and progression. PURPOSE This review is aimed to highlight the mechanisms and pathways involved in the neuroprotective potentials of lead phytochemicals. Further to provide updates regarding challenges associated with their use and their progress into clinical trials as potential lead compounds. METHODS Most recent scientific literature on pre-clinical and clinical data published in quality journals especially on the lead phytochemicals including curcumin, catechins, quercetin, resveratrol, genistein and apigenin was collected using SciFinder, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, JSTOR, EBSCO, Scopus and other related web sources. RESULTS Literature review indicated that the drug discovery against AD is insufficient and only few drugs are clinically approved which have limited efficacy. Among the therapeutic options, natural products have got tremendous attraction owing to their molecular diversity, their safety and efficacy. Research suggest that natural products can delay the disease onset, reduce its progression and regenerate the damage via their anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials. These agents regulate the pathways involved in the release of neurotrophins which are implicated in neuronal survival and function. Highly potential lead phytochemicals including curcumin, catechins, quercetin, resveratrol, genistein and apigenin regulate neuroprotective signaling pathways implicated in neurotrophins-mediated activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) and p75 neurotrophins receptor (p75NTR) family receptors. CONCLUSIONS Phytochemicals especially phenolic compounds were identified as highly potential molecules which ameliorate oxidative stress induced neurodegeneration, reduce Aβ load and inhibit vital enzymes. Yet their clinical efficacy and bioavailability are the major challenges which need further interventions for more effective therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
| | - Osama F Mosa
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA
| | - Asif Nawaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Alashary Adam Eisa Hamdoon
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Modawy Elnour Modawy Elkhalifa
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Alshebli Ahmed
- Public health Department, Health Sciences College at Lieth, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, KSA; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Sudan
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - H C Ananda Murthy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P O Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia; Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and technical science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai-600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ahmed Najar I, Sharma A, Alshammari A, Albekairi TH, Alharbi M, Ahmad Dar T, Latief Qadrie Z, Kabra A, Newton A, Kumar M. Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of different polymer-based mesalamine delayed-release granules in TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis in wistar rats. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101910. [PMID: 38111669 PMCID: PMC10727943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory condition of colon characterized by severe damage to the innermost colon tissues. A number of studies described the use of medication delivery systems based on natural polymers like polysaccharides for the purpose of reaching the colon. In this research, polymer-based mesalamine delayed-release granules (DRGs) were tested for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy against UC. Chitosan (C), pectin (P), and pectin-chitosan (PC) mesalamine (M) DRGs were prepared and characterized. Data revealed satisfactory compatibility, flow, packing properties, drug release pattern, and delayed drug release by DRGs. Wistar rats were treated with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) (100 mg/kg) via rectal administration. Mesalamine and mesalamine DRGs (50 mg/kg) were administered orally separately for 14 days. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, hematological tests, colon profile, and histopathology were performed. The findings demonstrated the good efficacy of the polysaccharides in delivering mesalamine to colon. Mesalamine and mesalamine DRGs based on various polymers showed significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in rats with UC. Mesalamine granules significantly attenuated colon lipid peroxidation, nitrites, myeloperoxidase activity, and interleukin-1β levels, and improved anti-oxidants (GSH, SOD). Data showed upregulation of Nrf2 activity by mesalamine granules with CM-DRGs showing maximum effect. Mesalamine and different polymer-based mesalamine DRGs significantly attenuated TNBS-induced decline in body weight, ulcer severity, and colon damage. CM-DRGs showed the most pronounced ameliorative effect on colon and hematology parameters via anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Chitosan can be used as a carrier for oral colon delivery of mesalamine in DRG formulation for enhanced therapeutic efficacy in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz Ahmed Najar
- Department of Pharmacology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Archana Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Swift School of Pharmacy, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taief Ahmad Dar
- Department of Endocrinology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Zulfkar Latief Qadrie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - A.M.J Newton
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Bisht P, Rathore C, Rathee A, Kabra A. Astrocyte Activation and Drug Target in Pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2761:431-455. [PMID: 38427254 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3662-6_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease, which is also referred to as an autoimmune disorder with chronic inflammatory demyelination affecting the core system that is the central nervous system (CNS). Demyelination is a pathological manifestation of MS. It is the destruction of myelin sheath, which is wrapped around the axons, and it results in the loss of synaptic connections and conduction along the axon is also compromised. Various attempts are made to understand MS and demyelination using various experimental models out of them. The most popular model is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), in which autoimmunity against CNS components is induced in experimental animals by immunization with self-antigens derived from basic myelin protein. Astrocytes serve as a dual-edged sword both in demyelination and remyelination. Various drug targets have also been discussed that can be further explored for the treatment of MS. An extensive literature research was done from various online scholarly and research articles available on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Elsevier. Keywords used for these articles were astrocyte, demyelination, astrogliosis, and reactive astrocytes. This includes articles being the most relevant information to the area compiled to compose a current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Bisht
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Ajitgarh, Punjab, India
| | - Charul Rathore
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Ajitgarh, Punjab, India
| | - Ankit Rathee
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Ajitgarh, Punjab, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Ajitgarh, Punjab, India
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Raina K, Chaudhary A, Sharma P, Sharma R, Bhardwaj K, Kumar P, Kabra A, Thakur S, Chaudhary A, Prajapati M, Prajapati PK, Singla RK, Sharma R. Phytochemical profiling and biological activities of Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.: an edible vegetable fern. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2023; 38:309-322. [PMID: 37535427 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2023-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. is an edible vegetable fern of the Himalayan region with high nutritional and therapeutic value owing to its richness in various secondary metabolites and both macro and micronutrients. CONTENT This updated review discusses the general traditional use, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, nutritional value, pharmacology, and toxicity concerns of D. esculentum. SUMMARY The plant parts, viz. rhizomes, shoots, fronds and leaves, have immense ethnomedicinal importance, being traditionally used to cure several health disorders. Among other pharmacological effects, this botanical reveals excellent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-leishmanial, antioxidant, anaphylactic, antipyretic, anthelmintic and hepatoprotective activities, directly attributed to the presence of many secondary metabolites. From a pharmacological point of view, the excellent antioxidant potential of D. esculentum suggests its promising use for nutraceutical or functional food formulation purposes. OUTLOOK Considering the evidences on popular ethnomedicinal uses of D. esculentum as an edible vegetable, its immense bio-potential, and multiple pharmacological roles, there is a huge need to evaluate its therapeutic applications in light of standard clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Raina
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Alisha Chaudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Purnima Sharma
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Forest Products, College of Forestry, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, India
| | - Kanchan Bhardwaj
- Department of Botany, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Bio-technology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Pardeep Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Sunil Thakur
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Ashun Chaudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, India
| | - Mamta Prajapati
- Sector Expert (Food), National Consumer Helpline, Indian Institute of Public Affairs, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rajeev K Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Saifullah Q, Sharma A, Kabra A, Alshammari A, Albekairi TH, Alharbi M, Abdalla M. Development and optimization of film forming non-pressurized liquid bandage for wound healing by Box-Behnken statistical design. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101864. [PMID: 38028211 PMCID: PMC10663907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the current investigation was to develop a non-pressurized liquid bandage to promote the healing of wounds by using silver sulfadiazine. A three-factor three level box-behnken statistical design was employed to optimize the drug-loaded liquid bandage. Film-forming liquid bandage was developed by using ethyl-cellulose, dibutyl sebacate, and glycerol. For optimization, ethyl cellulose, dibutyl sebacate, and isopropyl myristate were taken as independent variables while tensile strength, water vapor absorption value, and drying time were taken as dependent variables. The film-forming liquid bandage was evaluated for various parameters like tensile strength, water vapor absorption value, drying time, viscosity, pH, in-vitro drug release studies, in-vivo wound healing studies, and stability studies. The optimized formulation was found with the tensile strength of 68.24 ± 0.24 MPa, water vapor absorption value of 2.00 ± 0.25 %, drying time of 1.75 ± 0.14 min, viscosity of 60 ± 0.5 cPs, pH of 6.0 ± 0.5 and good physicochemical properties with satisfactory film-forming ability. The in-vitro study shows that the release of test formulations was better than the marketed formulation. After 6 h of study, the liquid bandage and marketed formulation showed 41.02 % and 29.32 % of drug release respectively. Significant results were obtained for the in-vivo wound healing studies. Upon comparison with the control group (2.61 mm) and marketed formulation (1.44 mm), rats treated with the optimized formulation exhibited a noticeable improvement in wound contraction (0.8 mm). The liquid bandage after three months of stability testing was found to be stable with optimum. The film-forming liquid bandage was found to be an effective alternative to conventional topical preparations as it develops a thin polymeric layer on the wound and the skin around it and improves comfort for the patient by protecting the wound from external factors and physical harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qazi Saifullah
- University Institute of Pharma Science, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- University Institute of Pharma Science, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Science, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Shandong Province 250012, China
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Chandra P, Kaleem M, Sachan N, Pathak R, Alanazi AS, Alsaif NA, Alsanea S, Alsuwayt B, Alanazi MM, Kabra A. Gastroprotective evaluation of Medicago sativa L. (Fabaceae) on diabetic rats. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101815. [PMID: 37860685 PMCID: PMC10582054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional uses for the plant Medicago sativa (M. sativa) (Alfalfa) (Family: Fabaceae) include liver protection, antioxidant activity, and the treatment of bleeding and digestive issues. This study aims to assess the effect of ethanol extract of M. sativa (EEMS) on experimental-induced ulcers in diabetic rats. By pylorus ligation and ethanol administration, gastric ulcers were induced in diabetic rats. Five groups each consisting of six rats in each model were used. All other groups except Group I were made diabetic by giving rats alloxan (140 mg/kg i.p.). Vehicles were given to Group I (normal control) and Group II (diabetes control) rats. Group III (positive control) received ranitidine 50 mg/kg, and Group IV and V received EEMS at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. In the pylorus ligation and ethanol-induced stomach ulcer model of rats, the findings demonstrated that EEMS (100 mg/kg) showed a decreased ulcer index of 2.01 ± 0.41 and was found statistically significant against the diabetes control group (p < 0.001) as well as, an ulcer index of 0.68 ± 0.22 by EEMS (400 mg/kg) with a significant reduction in the ulcer index (p < 0.001). EEMS (100 and 400 mg/kg) reduce free acidity by 13.16 ± 0.65 mEq/L and 9.83 ± 0.30 mEq/L, respectively. EEMS also showed a protective impact on the liver and kidneys of diabetic rats. Antihyperglycemic action was also discovered in diabetic animals. The findings of the current investigation demonstrated that ethanolic extract of M. sativa possesses anti-ulcer activity in diabetic rats. Ethanolic extract of M. sativa may be a treatment option for stomach ulcers that also have diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phool Chandra
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, U.P. 244001, India
| | - Mohammad Kaleem
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Delhi Road (NH-24), Moradabad 244 102, U.P., India
| | - Neetu Sachan
- Maharana Pratap College of Pharmacy, Mandhana, Kanpur 209217, U.P., India
| | - Rashmi Pathak
- Department of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly 243123, U.P., India
| | - Ashwag S. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf A. Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sary Alsanea
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alsuwayt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140301, Punjab, India
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Pathak R, Sachan N, Kabra A, Alanazi AS, Alanazi MM, Alsaif NA, Chandra P. Isolation, characterization, development and evaluation of phytoconstituent based formulation for diabetic neuropathy. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101687. [PMID: 37448840 PMCID: PMC10336832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Morus alba Linn, referred to as white mulberry, is a potential traditional medicine for diabetes and neuroprotection. Aim Isolation, characterization, development and evaluation of phytoconstituent based formulation for diabetic neuropathy. Material and methods The stem Bark of M. alba was peeled and subjected to extraction. A phytoconstituent was then isolated by column chromatography and characterized using Mass spectroscopy, FTIR, and NMR. The isolated phytoconstituent was used to formulate a nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsion was also characterized for viscosity, surface tension, refractive index, pH, and particle size. Selected nanoemulsion formulations were then tested for acute oral toxicity and diabetic neuropathy, including behavioral, hematological, histopathological, and biomarker examinations. Results The spectral analysis affirmed that the isolated compound was found to be chrysin. A nanoemulsion formulation was made using the chrysin and was characterized and found to be stable during the stability testing and fulfilled all other testing parameters. Then acute oral toxicity study of the formulations was found to be safe. Formulations were found to possess significant results against diabetic neuropathy in rats. Biomarkers were analyzed for their mechanistic involvement in reducing neuropathy in rats, and it was found that the oxidative pathway was considerably restored, suggesting that chrysin causes these effects via this pathway. Conclusions Results suggests that isolated phytoconstituent (chrysin) from the bark of Morus alba derived nanoemulsion has protective and beneficial effects by diminishing the oxidative damage against alloxan-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Pathak
- Department of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly-243123, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neetu Sachan
- Maharana Pratap College of Pharmacy, Mandhana, Kanpur-209217, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, 140301 Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Ashwag S. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf A. Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Phool Chandra
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad-244001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gupta T, Singh V, Hefnawy M, Alanazi MM, Alsuwayt B, Kabra A, Kumar A, Pasricha C, Singh R. Ameliorating the Role of Aripiprazole in Memory Deficits Induced by Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin-Induced Dementia of Alzheimer's Type. ACS Omega 2023; 8:25295-25302. [PMID: 37483219 PMCID: PMC10357558 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing immense suffering for the patients. Dopamine D2 and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (5-HT1A) receptors' activation has been reported to play a crucial role in managing neurological outcomes in the brain and other health disorders. This study aimed to investigate the role of aripiprazole, a dopamine D2 and 5-HT1A selective receptors' activator, in the restoration of memory deficit induced by streptozotocin in mice. The cognitive functions of animals were determined using the Morris water maze. Brain sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Congo red to examine the structural deviations. Brain oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and glutathione), acetylcholinesterase activity, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured to assess biochemical alterations. Activation of D2 and 5-HT1A with aripiprazole attenuated STZ-induced cognitive deficit, increased brain GSH levels, reduced TBARS levels, AChE activity, IL-6 levels, and IL-10 levels and prevented STZ-induced brain anomalies in mice. Hence, the present study concluded that aripiprazole mitigated STZ-induced memory impairment and can be used as an efficacious therapeutic target for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Gupta
- Chitkara
College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Varinder Singh
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Mohamed Hefnawy
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alsuwayt
- Department
of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atul Kabra
- University
Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh
University, Mohali 140301, Punjab, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Chitkara
College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Chirag Pasricha
- Chitkara
College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Chitkara
College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
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12
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Kabra A, Garg R, Brimson J, Živković J, Almawash S, Ayaz M, Nawaz A, Hassan SSU, Bungau S. Mechanistic insights into the role of plant polyphenols and their nano-formulations in the management of depression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1046599. [PMID: 36419621 PMCID: PMC9676275 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1046599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a condition characterized by low mood and an aversion to activity, that causes behavioral problems, poor quality of life and limits daily life activities. It is considered as the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), and atypical antidepressants are some of the conventional medications used to treat depression. However, only about half of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) respond effectively to first-line antidepressant therapy. Additionally, there are a number of drawbacks to standard antidepressants, such as anti-cholinergic side effects, drug-drug interactions, and food-drug interactions, which prompts researchers to look at alternative approaches to the treatment of depression. Medicinal plants and their metabolites are extensively tested for their efficacy against depression. Electronic databases such as Google scholar, Science Direct, SciFinder and PubMed were used to search relevant literature on the role of polyphenols in depression. Plants-derived Polyphenols represent a major class of compounds extensively distributed in plants. Number of polyphenols have demonstrated antidepressant activity, among which berberine, piperine, curcumin, naringenin, ascorbic acid and ginsenosides are extensively evaluated. The medicinal plants and their derived compounds mediated synthesized green nanoparticles have also exhibited considerable efficacy in the management of depression. The therapeutic effects of these phytochemicals is mediated via differentiation and inhibition of neuronal cell apoptosis, promotion of neuronal cell survival and modulation of key neurotransmitters. The aim of this study is to review compressively the chemical, pharmacological and neurological evidence showing the potential of polyphenols in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Ruchika Garg
- University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rayat Bhara University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - James Brimson
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jelena Živković
- Department for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Institute for Medicinal Plants Research “Dr. Josif Pančić”, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saud Almawash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Asif Nawaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Syed Shams Ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Kushwah AS, Mittal R, Kumar M, Kaur G, Goel P, Sharma RK, Kabra A, Nainwal LM. Cardioprotective Activity of Cassia fistula L. Bark Extract in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction Rat Model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022; 2022:6874281. [PMID: 36051494 PMCID: PMC9427257 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6874281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cassia fistula Linn, generally recognized as Indian laburnum, is one of the ancient trees in the Indian subcontinent used for its ornamental and diverse medicinal properties. It is known for its ethnic medicinal uses in inflammatory and infectious pathologies such as antihelmintic, purgative, carminative, antipyretic, expectorant, analgesic, laxative, antiseptic, and antidote against snake poison. The Cassia bark is rich in anthraquinones, flavanols glycosides, and sitosterols, which renders it cardioprotective properties. The existing experiments were designed to assess the potential of Cassia fistula bark against isoproterenol (ISP)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats, which has not been validated yet. The bark was successively extracted with five different solvents, and each extract was subjected to in vitro antioxidant studies. Further acute oral toxicity assays were carried out preceding in vivo myocardial studies. Cardiotoxicity-inducing agent, ISP, was administrated to the rats for two consecutive days (8th and 9th). Based on in vitro studies, the Cassia fistula methanolic extract (CFME) was administered in two doses: CFME-LD (lower dose 250 mg/kg) and CFME-HD (high dose 500 mg/kg) separately. It was found that CFME produced a substantial decrease in lipid peroxidation and an increase in antioxidants in myocardial tissues. CFME abrogated the levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol with a decrease in alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activity in serum at both doses. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and histopathology also revealed the protective effects of CFME against ISP-induced myocardial infarction. The study showed the significant role of the CFME as a strong antioxidant and cardioprotective action in ISP-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Singh Kushwah
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Rupnagar, Punjab 140111, India
| | - Roopal Mittal
- RKSD College of Pharmacy, Kaithal, Haryana 136027, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 17033-0850, USA
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Rupnagar, Punjab 140111, India
| | - Prerna Goel
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, Sohna, Gurugram, Haryana 122102, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Rupnagar, Punjab 140111, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Lalit Mohan Nainwal
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, Sohna, Gurugram, Haryana 122102, India
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Liu Z, Kumar M, Kabra A. Cucurbitacin B exerts neuroprotection in a murine Alzheimer’s disease model by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurotransmitter levels. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2022; 27:71. [DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2702071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Liu Z, Kumar M, Devi S, Kabra A. Corrigendum: The Mechanisms of Cucurbitacin E as a Neuroprotective and Memory-Enhancing Agent in a Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rat Model: Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Excitotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:844464. [PMID: 35126156 PMCID: PMC8815787 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.844464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
- *Correspondence: Manish Kumar, ,
| | - Sushma Devi
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, Ambala, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
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16
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Liu Z, Kumar M, Devi S, Kabra A. The Mechanisms of Cucurbitacin E as a Neuroprotective and Memory-Enhancing Agent in a Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rat Model: Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Excitotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:794933. [PMID: 34955861 PMCID: PMC8703111 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired cerebral hemodynamic autoregulation, vasoconstriction, and cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunctions cause cerebral hypoperfusion (CH) that triggers pro-oxidative and inflammatory events. The sequences linked to ion-channelopathies and calcium and glutamatergic excitotoxicity mechanisms resulting in widespread brain damage and neurobehavioral deficits, including memory, neurological, and sensorimotor functions. The vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of cucurbitacin E (CuE) can alleviate CH-induced neurobehavioral impairments. In the present study, the neuroprotective effects of CuE were explored in a rat model of CH. Wistar rats were subjected to permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion to induce CH on day 1 and administered CuE (0.25, 0.5 mg/kg) and/or Bay-K8644 (calcium agonist, 0.5 mg/kg) for 28 days. CH caused impairment of neurological, sensorimotor, and memory functions that were ameliorated by CuE. CuE attenuated CH-triggered lipid peroxidation, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, protein carbonyls, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor-kappaB, myeloperoxidase activity, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels in brain resulting in a decrease in cell death biomarkers (lactate dehydrogenase and caspase-3). CuE decreased acetylcholinesterase activity, glutamate, and increased γ-aminobutyric acid levels in the brain. An increase in brain antioxidants was observed in CuE-treated rats subjected to CH. CuE has the potential to alleviate pathogenesis of CH and protect neurological, sensorimotor, and memory functions against CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sushma Devi
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, Ambala, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
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Brimson JM, Prasanth MI, Malar DS, Thitilertdecha P, Kabra A, Tencomnao T, Prasansuklab A. Plant Polyphenols for Aging Health: Implication from Their Autophagy Modulating Properties in Age-Associated Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14100982. [PMID: 34681206 PMCID: PMC8538309 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are a family of naturally occurring organic compounds, majorly present in fruits, vegetables, and cereals, characterised by multiple phenol units, including flavonoids, tannic acid, and ellagitannin. Some well-known polyphenols include resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, catechin, hesperetin, cyanidin, procyanidin, caffeic acid, and genistein. They can modulate different pathways inside the host, thereby inducing various health benefits. Autophagy is a conserved process that maintains cellular homeostasis by clearing the damaged cellular components and balancing cellular survival and overall health. Polyphenols could maintain autophagic equilibrium, thereby providing various health benefits in mediating neuroprotection and exhibiting anticancer and antidiabetic properties. They could limit brain damage by dismantling misfolded proteins and dysfunctional mitochondria, thereby activating autophagy and eliciting neuroprotection. An anticarcinogenic mechanism is stimulated by modulating canonical and non-canonical signalling pathways. Polyphenols could also decrease insulin resistance and inhibit loss of pancreatic islet β-cell mass and function from inducing antidiabetic activity. Polyphenols are usually included in the diet and may not cause significant side effects that could be effectively used to prevent and treat major diseases and ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Michael Brimson
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (J.M.B.); (M.I.P.); (D.S.M.)
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Mani Iyer Prasanth
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (J.M.B.); (M.I.P.); (D.S.M.)
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Dicson Sheeja Malar
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (J.M.B.); (M.I.P.); (D.S.M.)
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Premrutai Thitilertdecha
- Siriraj Research Group in Immunobiology and Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Atul Kabra
- Department of Pharmacology, University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Sahibzad Ajit Singh Nagar 140413, Punjab, India;
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (J.M.B.); (M.I.P.); (D.S.M.)
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (T.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Anchalee Prasansuklab
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (J.M.B.); (M.I.P.); (D.S.M.)
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (T.T.); (A.P.)
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Joshi G, Kabra A, Goutam N, Sharma A. An Overview on Patient-Centered Clinical Services. Borneo J Pharm 2021. [DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v4i2.1978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-related problems (DRPs) had often been a concern in the system that needed to be detected, avoided, and addressed as soon as possible. The need for a clinical pharmacist becomes even more important. He is the one who can not only share the load but also be an important part of the system by providing required advice. They fill out the patient's pharmacotherapy reporting form and notify the medical team's head off any drug-related issues. General practitioners register severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) yearly. As a result of all of this, a clinical pharmacist working in and around the healthcare system is expected to advance the pharmacy industry. Its therapy and drugs can improve one's health quality of life by curing, preventing, or diagnosing a disease, sign, or symptom. The sideshows, on the other hand, do much harm. Because of the services they offer, clinical pharmacy has grown in popularity. To determine the overall effect and benefits of the emergency department (ED) clinical pharmacist, a systematic review of clinical practice and patient outcomes will be needed. A clinical pharmacist's anatomy, toxicology, pharmacology, and medicinal chemistry expertise significantly improves a patient's therapy enforcement. It is now important to examine the failure points of healthcare systems as well as the individuals involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Joshi
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University
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Vulichi SR, Kabra A, Khalid M, Kumar R, Cruz-Martins N. Interlink between pollution and COVID-19 in India: compelling view and key attributes. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:19539-19542. [PMID: 33723786 PMCID: PMC7959673 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Pollution and pollution-related consequences have a historic reputation, being even considered as chief causative agents behind several tragedies linked to a huge impact on health and environment. Nonetheless, the unforeseen viral outburst has surprisingly led to the recovery of the atmospheric immaculacy, besides to the serious destruction. Thus, here some important aspects related to the impact of pollution on the viral epidemic and vice versa were attempted to be critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa R. Vulichi
- Sri Venkateswara University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SV University, Tirupati, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- School of Pharmacy, Raffles University Neemrana, Neemrana, Alwar, Rajasthan 301705 India
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Kabra A, Baghel US, Hano C, Martins N, Khalid M, Sharma R. Neuroprotective potential of Myrica esulenta in Haloperidol induced Parkinson's disease. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2020; 11:448-454. [PMID: 32912644 PMCID: PMC7772500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myrica esculenta is a notable therapeutic plant widely utilized in Indian system of medicine. Ayurvedic literature reported fruit and bark of this plant is used in gulma, jvara, arsa, grahani, pandu roga, hrillasa, mukha roga, kasa, svasa, agnimandhya, aruchi, meha, and kantharoga. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective potential of "Himalayan Bayberry" (Myrica esculenta Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) leaves methanol extract in Parkinson's disease induced by haloperidol. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present investigation was completed in wistar rats, in which Parkinson's disease (PD) was induced with haloperidol 1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally. The rats were randomly divided into six gatherings and the test animals received the methanolic extract of M. esculenta (MEME) at a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, orally for one week. Various behavioural, biochemical and histopathological parameters were estimated in haloperidol exposed rats. RESULTS MEME demonstrated significant and dose-dependent increment in behavioural activity and improved muscle coordination. The significant diminution in malonaldehyde level while improved the level of antioxidant enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione in extract treated group were observed as compared to the control group. Histopathological changes revealed MEME significantly reduced haloperidol-induced damage in the substantia nigra and there was very little neuronal atrophy. CONCLUSION The outcomes showed the defensive role of M. esculenta against PD. The mechanism of protection may be due to an escalation of cellular antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kabra
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India; School of Pharmacy, Raffles University, Neemrana, 301705, Alwar, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Uttam Singh Baghel
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kota, Kota, 325003, Rajasthan, India
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328, Orleans University, 45067 CEDEX 2, Orléans, France; Bioactifs et Cosmetiques, CNRS GDR 3711 Orleans, 45067 CEDEX 2, Orléans, France
| | - Natalia Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Heath (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Tungmunnithum D, Drouet S, Kabra A, Hano C. Enrichment in Antioxidant Flavonoids of Stamen Extracts from Nymphaea lotus L. Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Macroporous Resin Adsorption. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E576. [PMID: 32630721 PMCID: PMC7402147 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nymphaea lotus L. is the medicinal plant that has long been used for food, cosmetics and traditional medicines in Africa and Asia since ancient times. Its flavonoids and other interesting phytochemical compounds from rhizome, leaf and the whole flowers have been reported in the previous published research. However, stamens, which are essential for reproductive functions, may also represent new alternative sources of potential antioxidant flavonoids, as investigated in this study. The innovative green chemistry methods, i.e., ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) as well as a macroporous resin (MPR) purification procedure, were employed in this current research. Using a full factorial design coupled to three-dimensional (3D) surface plot methodology, the influence of three variables, namely aqEtOH concentration (ranging from 50 to 100% (v/v), US frequency (ranging from 0 (no US applied) to 45 kHz), and the extraction duration (ranging from 20 to 60 min), were evaluated. Five MPRs with different surface areas, average pore diameters, matrix types and polarities were also investigated for the purification of total flavonoids. The optimal UAE condition is 90% (v/v) aqEtOH with 34.65 khz ultrasonic frequency and 46 min of extraction duration. Compared with the conventional heat reflux extraction (HRE) method, a significant 1.35-fold increase in total flavonoids content was obtained using optimized UAE conditions (169.64 for HRE vs. 235.45 mg/g dry weight for UAE), causing a 2.80-fold increase when this UAE associated with MPR purification (475.42 mg/g dry weight). In vitro cell free antioxidant activity of N. lotus stamen extracts and in cellulo antioxidant investigation using yeast model showed the same trend, indicating that the best antioxidant flavonoid can be found in UAE coupled with MPR purification. Moreover, in the yeast model, the expression of key antioxidant genes such as SIR2 and SOD2 were expressed at the highest level in yeast cells treated with the extract from UAE together with MPR purification. Consequently, it can be seen that the UAE combined with MPR purification can help enhance the flavonoid antioxidant potential of the stamens extract from this medicinal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duangjai Tungmunnithum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328, University of Orleans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France;
- Bioactifs et Cosmetiques, CNRS GDR 3711 Orleans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328, University of Orleans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France;
- Bioactifs et Cosmetiques, CNRS GDR 3711 Orleans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Atul Kabra
- School of Pharmacy, Raffles University, Neemrana 301705, Alwar, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328, University of Orleans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France;
- Bioactifs et Cosmetiques, CNRS GDR 3711 Orleans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
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Mukim M, Kabra A, Devi S, Chaturvedi M, Patel R. Global Pandemic Conditions and List of Possible Medications and Vaccines for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Review. Borneo J Pharm 2020. [DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v3ispecial-1.1397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
At the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus was identified which caused severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with a disease known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The virus first originated in the city of Wuhan in China, causing symptoms such as pneumonic plague, which began in the Wuhan and then spread throughout the world with high transmission efficiency. Special precautions and care are needed such as leaving the public area, covering your mouth with a mask, not shaking hands, washing hands, and sanitation from time to time. Infection due to SARS-CoV-2 shows several symptoms, one of which is very often the patient shows difficulty breathing. Currently, COVID-19 has been declared a global pandemic and has almost attacked all countries in the world, including in India which has one of the largest human populations in the entire world. One of the challenges in handling COVID-19 is the unavailability of drugs or special vaccines to treat the disease, so clinical practitioners and academics are currently testing various drugs to see how they affect the COVID-19 patients. Some of the drugs tested provide effective mechanisms against SARS-CoV-2, such as chloroquine, remdesivir, lopinavir, and vaccines under development. These drugs are still being tested and are now at the forefront to combat the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review article will discuss all kinds of ins and outs of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, including the transmission method, how to prevent it, as well as various drugs and vaccines currently used in handling COVID-19.
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Sharma R, Kabra A, Rao MM, Prajapati PK. Herbal and Holistic Solutions for Neurodegenerative and Depressive Disorders: Leads from Ayurveda. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:2597-2608. [PMID: 30147009 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180821165741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, epilepsy, depression and anxiety pose a sizable global health problem, accompanying substantial burden of disorders, suicides, physical comorbidities, high fiscal expenses, and poor quality of life. There is a recent upsurge in global interest toward the area of traditional therapies and phytomedicines are widely admired by researchers owing to their natural source and fewer side effects. On the contrary, conventional synthetic drugs have been reported with undesirable but inevitable ill effects having poor patient compliance. Thus, herbal medicines are being preferred over synthetic drug therapies as an effective remedy for many brain disorders. Ayurveda provides a holistic approach to treatment along with several nootropic herbs having multi-dimensional bioactivities in various disorders. Scattered information is available pertaining to traditional Ayurvedic remedial options for various mental disorders. Present review encompasses: (i) common brain disorders and the associated changes (ii) Ayurvedic holistic approach to manage neurodegenerative and depressive disorders, and (iii) important Ayurvedic single herbs and polyherbal formulations with description of their traditional usage and administration. Concomitantly, it opens up for future investigations and standardization on Ayurvedic nootropic herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Kolkata, 700091, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota, Rajasthan, 324003, India
| | - M M Rao
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Kolkata, 700091, India
| | - P K Prajapati
- Department of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, 110076, India
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24
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Kabra A, Sharma R, Kabra R, Baghel US. Emerging and Alternative Therapies For Parkinson Disease: An Updated Review. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:2573-2582. [PMID: 30124146 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180820150150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is standout amongst the most common neurodegenerative malady with unpredictable dynamic pathology. At present, accessible traditional choices for PD have certain impediments of their own, and subsequently persistent consistence and fulfillment are low. Current contemporary treatment options just give symptomatic alleviation constrained control to anticipate malady progression, bringing about poor patient consistence and fulfilment. Numerous rising pharmacotherapies for PD are in various phases of medical improvement. Treatments incorporate adenosine A2A receptor antagonists, anti-apoptotic agents, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, glutamate receptor antagonists, and antioxidants for example, N-acetyl cysteine, edaravone, and coenzyme Q10. Other rising nonpharmacotherapies incorporate microRNAs, viral vector gene therapy, stem cells transglutaminases, RTP801, and glial derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Furthermore, surgeries including profound pallidotomy, deep brain stimulation, thalamotomy and gamma knife surgery have developed as elective mediations for cutting edge PD patients who have totally used common medications and still suffer from unrelenting motor symptoms. Complementary and Alternative medicine (CAM) modalities, such as Yoga, acupuncture, Tai Chi, Music therapies are highly practiced in several countries, offer some of the safer and effective treatment modalities for PD. While a few of these treatments hold much assurance in postponing the beginning of ailment and moderating its progression, more pharmacotherapies and careful mediations should be examined in various phases of PD. Therefore, the main objective of our review is to fill the gap between the researches and provide updated and productive information about the research reported in the last couple of years and can fulfil the most reassuring plausibility for encourage treatment of Parkinson Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kabra
- I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India.,Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Uttam Singh Baghel
- I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India.,Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota, Rajasthan, India
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Drouet S, Leclerc EA, Garros L, Tungmunnithum D, Kabra A, Abbasi BH, Lainé É, Hano C. A Green Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Optimization of the Natural Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Flavonolignans from Milk Thistle Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Fruits for Cosmetic Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E304. [PMID: 31416140 PMCID: PMC6721202 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (aka milk thistle) constitutes the source of silymarin (SILM), a mixture of different flavonolignans and represents a unique model for their extraction. Here we report on the development and validation of an ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method of S. marianum flavonolignans follow by their quantification using LC system. The optimal conditions of this UAE method were: aqueous EtOH 54.5% (v/v) as extraction solvent, with application of an ultrasound (US) frequency of 36.6 kHz during 60 min at 45 °C with a liquid to solid ratio of 25:1 mL/g dry weight (DW). Following its optimization using a full factorial design, the extraction method was validated according to international standards of the association of analytical communities (AOAC) to ensure precision and accuracy in the quantitation of each component of the SILM mixture. The efficiency of this UAE was compared with maceration protocol. Here, the optimized and validated conditions of the UAE allowed the highest extraction yields of SILM and its constituents in comparison to maceration. During UAE, the antioxidant capacity of the extracts was retained, as confirmed by the in vitro assays CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity) and inhibition of AGEs (advanced glycation end products). The skin anti-aging potential of the extract obtained by UAE was also confirmed by the strong in vitro cell-free inhibition capacity of both collagenase and elastase. To summarize, the UAE procedure presented here is a green and efficient method for the extraction and quantification of SILM and its constituents from the fruits of S. marianum, making it possible to generate extracts with attractive antioxidant and anti-aging activities for future cosmetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France
- Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Groupement de Recherche 3711, Université d'Orléans, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Emilie A Leclerc
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France
- Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Groupement de Recherche 3711, Université d'Orléans, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Laurine Garros
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France
- Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Groupement de Recherche 3711, Université d'Orléans, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Duangjai Tungmunnithum
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France
- Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Groupement de Recherche 3711, Université d'Orléans, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Atul Kabra
- Inder Kumar Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab 144603, India
- Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota Rajasthan 325003, India
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France
- Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Groupement de Recherche 3711, Université d'Orléans, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Éric Lainé
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France
- Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Groupement de Recherche 3711, Université d'Orléans, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France.
- Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Groupement de Recherche 3711, Université d'Orléans, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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Kabra A, Sharma R, Hano C, Kabra R, Martins N, Baghel US. Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Attributes of Different Solvent Extracts from Myrica esculenta Buch.-Ham. ex. D. Don Leaves. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080357. [PMID: 31405047 PMCID: PMC6724038 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Plant diversity is a basic source of food and medicine for local Himalayan communities. The current study was designed to assess the effect of different solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, and water) on the phenolic profile, and the corresponding biological activity was studied. Methods: Antioxidant activity was investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2″-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic) acid (ABTS) assay, while the antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion method using various bacterial and fungal strains. Results: The outcomes demonstrated that methanol acted as the most effective solvent for polyphenols extraction, as strengthened by the liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. M. esculenta methanol extract showed the highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenger antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 39.29 μg/mL and 52.83 μg/mL, respectively, while the ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts revealed minimum antioxidant potential. Methanol extract also revealed higher phenolic content, 88.94 ± 0.24 mg of equivalent gallic acid (GAE)/g), measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, while the minimum content was recorded for aqueous extract (62.38 ± 0.14 GAE/g). The highest flavonoid content was observed for methanol extract, 67.44 ± 0.14 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g) measured by an aluminum chloride colorimetric method, while the lowest content was recorded for aqueous extract (35.77 ± 0.14 QE/g). Antimicrobial activity findings also reveal that the methanol extract led to a higher inhibition zone against bacterial and fungal strains. FTIR analysis reveals the presence of various functional groups, viz. alkenes, amines, carboxylic acids, amides, esters, alcohols, phenols, ketones, carboxylic acids, and aromatic compounds. This FTIR analysis could serve as a basis for the authentication of M. esculenta extracts for future industrial applications. Compounds identified by LC-MS analysis were gallic acid, myricanol, myricanone, epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate, β-sitosterol, quercetin, p-coumaric acid, palmitic acid, n-pentadecanol, n-octadecanol, stigmasterol, oleanolic acid, n-hexadecanol, cis-β-caryophyllene, lupeol, and myresculoside. Conclusion: This study suggests that the methanolic extract from M. esculenta leaves has strong antioxidant potential and could be a significant source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobials for functional foods formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kabra
- Research Scholar, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala-144603, Punjab, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota-325003, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAUSC1328, Universitéd'Orléans, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - Ruchika Kabra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota-325003, Rajasthan, India
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Uttam Singh Baghel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota-325003, Rajasthan, India.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kota, Kota-325003, Rajasthan, India.
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Kabra A, Martins N, Sharma R, Kabra R, Baghel US. Myrica esculenta Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don: A Natural Source for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:plants8060149. [PMID: 31159283 PMCID: PMC6631742 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Myrica esculenta (Myricaceae) is a popular medicinal plant most commonly found in the sub-tropical Himalayas. It is widely used in folk medicine to treat several ailments such as asthma, cough, chronic bronchitis, ulcers, inflammation, anemia, fever, diarrhea, and ear, nose, and throat disorders. Due to its multidimensional pharmacological and therapeutic effects, it is well recognized in the ayurvedic pharmacopeia. However, the recent upsurge in M. esculenta use and demand has led to illicit harvesting by the horticultural trade and habitat loss, pushing the plant to the brink of extinction. Thus, the present review aims to provide updated information on M. esculenta botany, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, toxicity, and conservation methods, as well as also highlight prospective for future research. Particular emphasis is also given to its antioxidant potential in health promotion. In-depth literature was probed by searching several sources via online databases, texts, websites, and thesis. About 57 compounds were isolated and identified from M. esculenta, and the available reports on physicochemical parameters, nutritional and high-performance thin-layer chromatography analysis of bioactive plant parts are portrayed in a comparative manner. Friendly holistic conservation approaches offered by plant biotechnology applications, such as micropropagation, germplasm preservation, synthetic seed production, and hairy root technologies are also discussed. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to propose the mechanistic role of crude extracts and other bioactives, and even to explore the structure–function relationship of active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kabra
- I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab 144603, India.
- Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota Rajasthan 325003, India.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700091, India.
| | - Ruchika Kabra
- Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota Rajasthan 325003, India.
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Sharma R, Martins N, Kuca K, Chaudhary A, Kabra A, Rao MM, Prajapati PK. Chyawanprash: A Traditional Indian Bioactive Health Supplement. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E161. [PMID: 31035513 PMCID: PMC6571565 DOI: 10.3390/biom9050161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chyawanprash (CP) is an Ayurvedic health supplement which is made up of a super-concentrated blend of nutrient-rich herbs and minerals. It is meant to restore drained reserves of life force (ojas) and to preserve strength, stamina, and vitality, while stalling the course of aging. Chyawanprash is formulated by processing around 50 medicinal herbs and their extracts, including the prime ingredient, Amla (Indian gooseberry), which is the world's richest source of vitamin C. Chyawanprash preparation involves preparing a decoction of herbs, followed by dried extract preparation, subsequent mixture with honey, and addition of aromatic herb powders (namely clove, cardamom, and cinnamon) as standard. The finished product has a fruit jam-like consistency, and a sweet, sour, and spicy flavor. Scientific exploration of CP is warranted to understand its therapeutic efficacy. Scattered information exploring the therapeutic potential of CP is available, and there is a need to assemble it. Thus, an effort was made to compile the scattered information from ancient Ayurvedic texts and treatises, along with ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological, and scientifically validated literature, that highlight the role of CP in therapeutics. Citations relevant to the topic were screened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development (CCRAS), Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, 4-CN Block, Sector-V, Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700091, India.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for research and Innovation in Heath (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Ashun Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala-133207, India.
| | - Atul Kabra
- Department of Pharmacology, Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota, Rajasthan-324005, India.
| | - Meda M Rao
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development (CCRAS), Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, 4-CN Block, Sector-V, Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700091, India.
| | - Pradeep Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi- 110076, India.
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Sharma R, Kuca K, Nepovimova E, Kabra A, Rao MM, Prajapati PK. Traditional Ayurvedic and herbal remedies for Alzheimer's disease: from bench to bedside. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:359-374. [PMID: 30884983 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1596803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder prevalent worldwide among elderly populations. Owing to limited efficacy, side effects, and poor patient compliance for current rationally designed therapies, options are being searched from alternate therapies such as Indian (Ayurvedic), Chinese, or other traditional systems. Areas covered: Following a comprehensive literature search, the authors provide a review encompassing: (1) pathophysiological changes involved in AD, (2) Ayurvedic holistic approach and herbal medicines to manage dementia and AD, and (3) traditional plants and their phytoconstituents effective in AD with description of possible mechanism of action. Expert opinion: Traditional remedies could be adjunct therapeutic options to allay wide-ranging pathological cascades of AD. Ayurveda offers a holistic approach of treatment along with a list of nootropic herbs and formulations that are the rich sources of antioxidants, anti-amyloidogenic, neuroprotective, adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory compounds that are found to modulate neuroendocrine-immune activities, enhance memory, intellect, rejuvenate brain functions, and improve quality of life. A strong knowledge base of traditional systems coupled with contemporary science may provide new functional leads for age-associated neurodegenerative disorders at preventive, promotive, and curative levels, and evolution of new drug therapies and development processes, though further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- a Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development , CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India , Bidhannagar , Kolkata , India
| | - Kamil Kuca
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic
| | - Atul Kabra
- c Department of Pharmacology , Kota College of Pharmacy , Kota , Rajasthan , India
| | - M M Rao
- d Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development , Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India , Bidhannagar , Kolkata , India
| | - P K Prajapati
- e Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana , All India Institute of Ayurveda , New Delhi , India
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Kabra A, Sharma R, Singla S, Kabra R, Baghel US. Pharmacognostic characterization of Myrica esculenta leaves. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2018; 10:18-24. [PMID: 29544902 PMCID: PMC6470312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myrica esculenta (Family: Myricaceae) commonly known as Kaiphala or Katphala is a widely used medicinal plant in Ayurveda. In spite of its numerous medicinal attributes, no published work is available till date on pharmacognostical characterization and HPTLC analysis of its leaves. Objectives To investigate the pharmacognostical, physicochemical, and HPTLC profiles of M. esculenta leaves. Materials and methods The measures taken for pharmacognostical characterization were organoleptic study, macroscopy, microscopy, powder microscopy, leaf constant, fluorescence analysis, preliminary phytochemical screening and HPTLC spectra profile. Results Organoleptic and macroscopic studies found that leaves are lancoelate, thin, spirally arranged, dark green in color, with an astringent taste and acute apex. In transverse section, cuticularised epidermis having polygonal cells were found. Mesophyll cells were differentiated into single layered palisade cells on each surface and 2–3 layered spongy parenchyma, unicellular and uniseriate hollow trichomes, anomocytic stomata and bowl shaped vascular bundle in mid rib portion containing xylem and phloem tissues. Alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds and tannins were found present. Analysis on the leaf constants, powder microscopy, fluorescence characteristics and physical parameters resulted a valuable data to establish standards for the plant. HPTLC profile provides number of constituents present in the extracts with their respective Retention Factor (Rf). Conclusion Present report on pharmacognostical characterization and HPTLC analysis of M. esculenta leaves provides a vital diagnostic tool for identification, authentication and development of quality parameters of the species. Data obtained by present study may be considered as standard for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kabra
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India; School of Pharmacy, Abhilashi University, Chail Chowk, Mandi, HP, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shivali Singla
- School of Pharmacy, Abhilashi University, Chail Chowk, Mandi, HP, India
| | - Ruchika Kabra
- School of Pharmacy, Abhilashi University, Chail Chowk, Mandi, HP, India
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Slyper AH, Rosenberg H, Kabra A, Huang WM, Blech B, Matsumura MM. Fatty liver disease, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in obese adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2015; 10:423-7. [PMID: 25522002 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Adult studies suggest that intra-hepatic fat predicts 2-h blood glucose levels and type 2 diabetes, and may have a role in the development of insulin resistance. Our study objective was to explore relationships between intra-hepatic fat and (i) blood glucose levels and (ii) insulin resistance determined by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) in a group of obese adolescents. METHODS Subjects were 61 obese non-diabetic male and female volunteers aged 12-18 years inclusive with a body mass index >95th percentile for age and 2-h blood glucose <200 mg dL(-1) . Each subject underwent 2-h glucose tolerance testing and measurement of haemoglobin A1c, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein and fasting insulin. Visceral, subcutaneous abdominal and intra-hepatic fat were determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Intra-hepatic fat was measured by gradient echo chemical shift imaging. RESULTS Alanine aminotransferase levels and hepatic phase difference were not significant correlates of fasting or 2-h glucose. In a multiple regression model including hepatic phase difference and visceral fat volume, visceral fat volume was the sole predictor of HOMA. CONCLUSIONS This study provides no support to the notion that intra-hepatic fat has a role in the regulation of fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose or systemic insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Slyper
- Clalit Health Organization, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - H Rosenberg
- Department of Radiology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA
| | - A Kabra
- Piedmont Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W-M Huang
- Department of Mathematics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - B Blech
- Clalit Health Organization, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - M M Matsumura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA
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Singh AP, Kabra A, Singla V, Raghu TR. UFO in the heart: revealed during balloon mitral valvuloplasty for severe mitral stenosis. Case Reports 2013; 2013:bcr-2012-008166. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-008166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Sharma P, Sharma U, Kabra A. Cerebral palsy--clinical profile and predisposing factors. Indian Pediatr 1999; 36:1038-42. [PMID: 10745315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India.
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Kakkar M, Sharma U, Kabra A, Kakkar S. Availability of antenatal and perinatal care in an ICDS area. Indian Pediatr 1995; 32:597-9. [PMID: 8613323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Kakkar
- Department of Pediatrics, Sir Padampat Mother and Child Health Institute, Jaipur
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Conboy JG, Shitamoto R, Parra M, Winardi R, Kabra A, Smith J, Mohandas N. Hereditary elliptocytosis due to both qualitative and quantitative defects in membrane skeletal protein 4.1. Blood 1991; 78:2438-43. [PMID: 1932756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein 4.1 is an important structural component of the membrane skeleton that helps determine erythrocyte morphology and membrane mechanical properties. In a previous study we identified a case of human hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) in which decreased membrane mechanical stability was due to deletion of 80 amino acids encompassing the entire 10-Kd spectrin-actin binding domain. A portion of this domain (21 amino acids) is encoded by an alternatively spliced exon that is expressed in late but not early erythroid cells. We now report a case of canine HE in which the abnormal phenotype is caused by failure to express this alternative peptide in the mature red blood cell (RBC) membrane skeleton, in conjunction with quantitative deficiency of protein 4.1. Western blotting of RBC membranes from a dog with HE showed a truncated protein 4.1 that did not react with antibodies directed against the alternative peptide. In addition, sequencing of cloned reticulocyte protein 4.1 cDNA showed a precise deletion of 63 nucleotides comprising this exon. Normal dog reticulocytes did express this exon. Expression of this 21 amino acid peptide during erythroid maturation is therefore essential for proper assembly of a mechanically competent membrane skeleton, because RBCs lacking this peptide have unstable membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Conboy
- Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720
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Kabra A. Solar eclipse 1980--its ophthalmic effects. Indian J Ophthalmol 1982; 30:303-4. [PMID: 7166410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Kabra A. "Round handle for No. 15 Bard-Parker blade". Indian J Ophthalmol 1980; 28:45. [PMID: 7203598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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