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De Lorenzo R, Mazza MG, Sciorati C, Leone R, Scavello F, Palladini M, Merolla A, Ciceri F, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Benedetti F, Rovere-Querini P, Manfredi AA. Post-COVID Trajectory of Pentraxin 3 Plasma Levels Over 6 Months and Their Association with the Risk of Developing Post-Acute Depression and Anxiety. CNS Drugs 2024; 38:459-472. [PMID: 38658499 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-024-01081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often persist after acute disease resolution. Underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. The objective of this original article was to longitudinally measure plasma levels of markers of the innate immune response to investigate whether they associate with and predict post-COVID symptomatology. METHODS Adult patients with previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during the first pandemic wave who underwent the 6-month multidisciplinary follow-up were included. Plasma levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), the complement components C3a and C5a, and chitinase-3 like-protein-1 (CHI3L1) were measured at hospital admission during acute disease (baseline) and at 1 and 6 months after hospital discharge. Associations with post-COVID-19 sequelae at 6 months were investigated using descriptive statistic and multiple regression models. RESULTS Ninety-four COVID-19 patients were included. Baseline PTX3, C5a, C3a, and CHI3L1 did not predict post-COVID-19 sequelae. The extent of the reduction of PTX3 over time (delta PTX3) was associated with lower depressive and anxiety symptoms at 6 months (both p < 0.05). When entering sex, age, need for intensive care unit or non-invasive ventilation during hospital stay, psychiatric history, and baseline PTX3 as nuisance covariates into a generalized linear model (GLM), the difference between baseline and 6-month PTX3 levels (delta PTX3) significantly predicted depression (χ2 = 4.66, p = 0.031) and anxiety (χ2 = 4.68, p = 0.031) at 6 months. No differences in PTX3 levels or PTX3 delta were found in patients with or without persistent or new-onset other COVID-19 symptoms or signs at 6 months. Plasma levels of C3a, C5a, and CHI3L1 did not correlate with PTX3 levels at either time point and failed to associate with residual or de novo respiratory or systemic clinical manifestations of the disease at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS A lower reduction of plasma PTX3 after acute COVID-19 associates with the presence of depression and anxiety, suggesting an involvement of inflammation in post-COVID-19 psychopathology and a potential role of PTX3 as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca De Lorenzo
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Innate Immunity and Tissue Remodeling, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario G Mazza
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, 20127, Milan, Italy.
| | - Clara Sciorati
- Unit of Innate Immunity and Tissue Remodeling, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Mariagrazia Palladini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, 20127, Milan, Italy
| | - Aurora Merolla
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Innate Immunity and Tissue Remodeling, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, 20127, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Innate Immunity and Tissue Remodeling, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Autoimmunity and Vascular Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Alarcan H, Bruno C, Emond P, Raoul C, Vourc'h P, Corcia P, Camu W, Veyrune JL, Garlanda C, Locati M, Juntas-Morales R, Saker S, Suehs C, Masseguin C, Kirby J, Shaw P, Malaspina A, De Vos J, Al-Chalabi A, Leigh PN, Tree T, Bensimon G, Blasco H. Pharmacometabolomics applied to low-dose interleukin-2 treatment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024. [PMID: 38771698 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating motor neuron disease. The immunosuppressive functions of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) are impaired in ALS, and correlate to disease progression. The phase 2a IMODALS trial reported an increase in Treg number in ALS patients following the administration of low-dose (ld) interleukin-2 (IL-2). We propose a pharmacometabolomics approach to decipher metabolic modifications occurring in patients treated with ld-IL-2 and its relationship with Treg response. Blood metabolomic profiles were determined on days D1, D64, and D85 from patients receiving 2 MIU of IL-2 (n = 12) and patients receiving a placebo (n = 12). We discriminated the three time points for the treatment group (average error rate of 42%). Among the important metabolites, kynurenine increased between D1 and D64, followed by a reduction at D85. The percentage increase of Treg number from D1 to D64, as predicted by the metabolome at D1, was highly correlated with the observed value. This study provided a proof of concept for metabolic characterization of the effect of ld-IL-2 in ALS. These data could present advances toward a personalized medicine approach and present pharmacometabolomics as a key tool to complement genomic and transcriptional data for drug characterization, leading to systems pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Alarcan
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Clément Bruno
- Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Patrick Emond
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- Laboratoire de Médecine nucléaire in vitro, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Cédric Raoul
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- ALS Reference Center, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Vourc'h
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- Service de Neurologie, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - William Camu
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- ALS Reference Center, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Veyrune
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Montepllier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Raúl Juntas-Morales
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carey Suehs
- Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie clinique, Santé Publique, Innovation et Méthodologie (BESPIM), Université de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Christophe Masseguin
- Delegation for Clinical Research and Innovation, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Janine Kirby
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Andrea Malaspina
- UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - John De Vos
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, University Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Timothy Tree
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gilbert Bensimon
- Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie clinique, Santé Publique, Innovation et Méthodologie (BESPIM), Université de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Hélène Blasco
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
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Carnevale S, Ponzetta A, Rigatelli A, Carriero R, Puccio S, Supino D, Grieco G, Molisso P, Di Ceglie I, Scavello F, Perucchini C, Pasqualini F, Recordati C, Tripodo C, Belmonte B, Mariancini A, Kunderfranco P, Sciumè G, Lugli E, Bonavita E, Magrini E, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Jaillon S. Neutrophils Mediate Protection Against Colitis and Carcinogenesis by Controlling Bacterial Invasion and IL22 Production by γδ T Cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:413-426. [PMID: 38349973 PMCID: PMC10985471 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in human blood and play a primary role in resistance against invading microorganisms and in the acute inflammatory response. However, their role in colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer is still under debate. This study aims to dissect the role of neutrophils in these pathologic contexts by using a rigorous genetic approach. Neutrophil-deficient mice (Csf3r-/- mice) were used in classic models of colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer and the role of neutrophils was assessed by histologic, cellular, and molecular analyses coupled with adoptive cell transfer. We also performed correlative analyses using human datasets. Csf3r-/- mice showed increased susceptibility to colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer compared with control Csf3r+/+ mice and adoptive transfer of neutrophils in Csf3r-/- mice reverted the phenotype. In colitis, Csf3r-/- mice showed increased bacterial invasion and a reduced number of healing ulcers in the colon, indicating a compromised regenerative capacity of epithelial cells. Neutrophils were essential for γδ T-cell polarization and IL22 production. In patients with ulcerative colitis, expression of CSF3R was positively correlated with IL22 and IL23 expression. Moreover, gene signatures associated with epithelial-cell development, proliferation, and antimicrobial response were enriched in CSF3Rhigh patients. Our data support a model where neutrophils mediate protection against intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colorectal cancer by controlling the intestinal microbiota and driving the activation of an IL22-dependent tissue repair pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Rigatelli
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Simone Puccio
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Grieco
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Piera Molisso
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Fabio Pasqualini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Recordati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Mouse & Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), UniMi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo, School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo, School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Mariancini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Lugli
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bonavita
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Magrini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastien Jaillon
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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4
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Borreca A, Mantovani C, Desiato G, Corradini I, Filipello F, Elia CA, D'Autilia F, Santamaria G, Garlanda C, Morini R, Pozzi D, Matteoli M. Loss of interleukin 1 signaling causes impairment of microglia- mediated synapse elimination and autistic-like behaviour in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:493-509. [PMID: 38307446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last years, the hypothesis that elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental diseases has gained popularity. IL-1 is one of the main cytokines found to be elevated in Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by defects in social communication and cognitive impairments. In this study, we demonstrate that mice lacking IL-1 signaling display autistic-like defects associated with an excessive number of synapses. We also show that microglia lacking IL-1 signaling at early neurodevelopmental stages are unable to properly perform the process of synapse engulfment and display excessive activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Notably, even the acute inhibition of IL-1R1 by IL-1Ra is sufficient to enhance mTOR signaling and reduce synaptosome phagocytosis in WT microglia. Finally, we demonstrate that rapamycin treatment rescues the defects in IL-1R deficient mice. These data unveil an exclusive role of microglial IL-1 in synapse refinement via mTOR signaling and indicate a novel mechanism possibly involved in neurodevelopmental disorders associated with defects in the IL-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Borreca
- Institute of Neuroscience (IN-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Genni Desiato
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Corradini
- Institute of Neuroscience (IN-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabia Filipello
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Adriana Elia
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Autilia
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Santamaria
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Morini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Pozzi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Institute of Neuroscience (IN-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
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5
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Ma YJ, Parente R, Zhong H, Sun Y, Garlanda C, Doni A. Complement-pentraxins synergy: Navigating the immune battlefield and beyond. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115878. [PMID: 37952357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement is a crucial immune defense system that triggers rapid immune responses and offers efficient protection against foreign invaders and unwanted host elements, acting as a sentinel. Activation of the complement system occurs upon the recognition of pathogenic microorganisms or altered self-cells by pattern-recognition molecules (PRMs) such as C1q, collectins, ficolins, and pentraxins. Recent accumulating evidence shows that pentraxins establish a cooperative network with different classes of effector PRMs, resulting in synergistic effects in complement activation. This review describes the complex interaction of pentraxins with the complement system and the implications of this cooperative network for effective host defense during pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jie Ma
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark.
| | | | - Hang Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Doni
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
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6
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Meri S, Magrini E, Mantovani A, Garlanda C. The Yin Yang of Complement and Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1578-1588. [PMID: 37902610 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-related inflammation is a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Complement activation occurs in cancer and supports the development of an inflammatory microenvironment. Complement has traditionally been considered a mechanism of immune resistance against cancer, and its activation is known to contribute to the cytolytic effects of antibody-based immunotherapeutic treatments. However, several studies have recently revealed that complement activation may exert protumoral functions by sustaining cancer-related inflammation and immunosuppression through different molecular mechanisms, targeting both the TME and cancer cells. These new discoveries have revealed that complement manipulation can be considered a new strategy for cancer therapies. Here we summarize our current understanding of the mechanisms by which the different elements of the complement system exert antitumor or protumor functions, both in preclinical studies and in human tumorigenesis. Complement components can serve as disease biomarkers for cancer stratification and prognosis and be exploited for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seppo Meri
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology and Translational Immunology Research Program, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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Parente R, Fumagalli MR, Di Claudio A, Cárdenas Rincón CL, Erreni M, Zanini D, Iapichino G, Protti A, Garlanda C, Rusconi R, Doni A. A Multilayered Imaging and Microfluidics Approach for Evaluating the Effect of Fibrinolysis in Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation. Pathogens 2023; 12:1141. [PMID: 37764949 PMCID: PMC10534389 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognition of microbe and extracellular matrix (ECM) is a recurring theme in the humoral innate immune system. Fluid-phase molecules of innate immunity share regulatory roles in ECM. On the other hand, ECM elements have immunological functions. Innate immunity is evolutionary and functionally connected to hemostasis. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major cause of hospital-associated bloodstream infections and the most common cause of several life-threatening conditions such as endocarditis and sepsis through its ability to manipulate hemostasis. Biofilm-related infection and sepsis represent a medical need due to the lack of treatments and the high resistance to antibiotics. We designed a method combining imaging and microfluidics to dissect the role of elements of the ECM and hemostasis in triggering S. aureus biofilm by highlighting an essential role of fibrinogen (FG) in adhesion and formation. Furthermore, we ascertained an important role of the fluid-phase activation of fibrinolysis in inhibiting biofilm of S. aureus and facilitating an antibody-mediated response aimed at pathogen killing. The results define FG as an essential element of hemostasis in the S. aureus biofilm formation and a role of fibrinolysis in its inhibition, while promoting an antibody-mediated response. Understanding host molecular mechanisms influencing biofilm formation and degradation is instrumental for the development of new combined therapeutic approaches to prevent the risk of S. aureus biofilm-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Parente
- Multiscale ImmunoImaging Unit (mIIu), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Fumagalli
- Multiscale ImmunoImaging Unit (mIIu), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Claudio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Cindy Lorena Cárdenas Rincón
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Marco Erreni
- Multiscale ImmunoImaging Unit (mIIu), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Damiano Zanini
- Multiscale ImmunoImaging Unit (mIIu), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Iapichino
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Units, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Protti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Units, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Roberto Rusconi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Andrea Doni
- Multiscale ImmunoImaging Unit (mIIu), IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
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8
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Shiffer D, Zamunér AR, Minonzio M, Bulgheroni M, Porta A, Leone R, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Colotta F, Barbic F, Mantovani A, Furlan R. Soluble interleukin-1 receptor type 2 plasma levels in Parkinson's disease: relationship with cardiac autonomic profile before and after peripheral mechanical somatosensory stimulation. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1168652. [PMID: 37664433 PMCID: PMC10468972 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1168652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Systemic inflammation promotes neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (sIL-1R2) plasma levels increase during inflammation. Data on sIL-1R2 in PD patients and its relationship with PD cardiac autonomic profile are limited, given the possible anti-inflammatory effect of vagal activation. Previously, automated mechanical peripheral somatosensory stimulation (AMPSS) enhanced cardiac vagal modulation. Objectives were to 1) evaluate sIL-1R2 plasma concentrations in PD patients and healthy controls and 2) investigate the correlations between sIL-1R2 and cardiac autonomic indices obtained by spectrum analysis of heart rate variability before and after AMPSS. Methods: sIL-1R2 plasma levels were assessed in 48 PD patients and 50 healthy controls. Electrocardiogram and beat-by-beat arterial pressure were recorded at baseline and after 5 AMPSS sessions in 16 PD patients. Results: PD patients had higher sIL-1R2 levels than controls. In the PD subgroup, an inverse correlation between sIL-1R2 and HFnu was found. There was a negative correlation between changes induced by AMPSS on HFnu and sIL-1R2. Discussion: Higher sIL-1R2 levels in PD patients reflect the inflammatory dysregulation associated with the disease. In PD patients, higher sIL-1R2 was associated with reduced cardiovagal tone. Increased cardiovagal modulation following AMPSS was associated with lower sIL-1R2 levels in Parkinson's disease patients, suggesting inflammatory state improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Shiffer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Internal Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Maura Minonzio
- Internal Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Mara Bulgheroni
- Department of Medicine, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico di San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | | | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Franca Barbic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Internal Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaello Furlan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Internal Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
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9
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Garlanda C, Supino D. Genetics of autoinflammation instructs selective IL-1 targeting. Immunity 2023; 56:1429-1431. [PMID: 37437532 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a primary pro-inflammatory cytokine requiring tightly controlled negative regulation. In this issue of Immunity, Wang et al.,1 inspired by an IL-1 receptor missense mutation associated with unleashed IL-1-mediated inflammation, design a new drug to selectively inhibit IL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano 20089 Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele 20072 Milan, Italy.
| | - Domenico Supino
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano 20089 Milan, Italy
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10
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Ummarino A, Anfray C, Mariancini A, Supino D, Garlanda C, Andòn FT, Mantovani A, Allavena P. Abstract 5140: Combined administration of poly(I:C) and resiquimod triggers effective antitumoral response in mouse models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents one of the deadliest malignancies worldwide. The lack of clinical symptoms in the early stages of the disease and the poor immunogenicity of PDAC are two major causes of late diagnosis and inefficient therapies. The tumor microenvironment of PDAC is rich in stromal cells inducing desmoplasia, complicating the arrival of medical compounds, as well as in immune cells, that are suppressed by several mediators produced by cancer cells. In this setting, it has been shown that some medications can restore the antitumoral activity of innate immune cells that, in turn, re-activate also adaptive immune cells. In this study, we present the combination of the TLR agonists poly(I:C) (pIC - TLR3) and resiquimod (R848 - TLR7/8) as an immunotherapeutic tool in PDAC. In a subcutaneous model of PDAC (K8484 cells, isolated from KPC mice that spontaneously develop PDAC and recapitulate the features of human pancreatic cancer), the intratumoral administration of pIC+R848 for 5 times every 2-3 days led to the complete regression of the tumor in 100% of the treated mice. Moreover, all mice were protected from a second and a third rechallenge with the same cell line, performed months after the first treatments. Mechanistic studies performed on the tumors with flow cytometry demonstrated an increase of MHC-II positive cells in the monocytic (Ly6C+) compartment, as well as an increase in the number of mature CD8+ T cells and NK cells. Similar findings were demonstrated also in another heterotopic model obtained injecting Panc02 cells, another cell line with a sarcomatous phenotype. Consistently with the flow cytometry data, the depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells abolished the antitumoral efficacy of pIC+R848, while the depletion of NK cells and CSF-1R+ cells was not sufficient to abolish the antitumoral response, suggesting a strong involvement of the adaptive immunity. In line with these findings, the intratumoral administration of pIC+R848 in mice unable to produce IFN-γ failed to reduce the tumor growth. In conclusion, our work clearly demonstrates that pIC+R848 are an effective treatment for PDAC when injected intratumorally and that this activity strongly relies on IFN-γ and adaptive immunity. Further investigations are ongoing to assess their potential in orthotopic models using different routes of administration, in a setting closer to the real clinical situation.
Citation Format: Aldo Ummarino, Clément Anfray, Andrea Mariancini, Domenico Supino, Cecilia Garlanda, Fernando Torres Andòn, Alberto Mantovani, Paola Allavena. Combined administration of poly(I:C) and resiquimod triggers effective antitumoral response in mouse models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5140.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Torres Andòn
- 3Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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11
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Mariotti FR, Supino D, Landolina N, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Moretta L, Maggi E. IL-1R8: A molecular brake of anti-tumor and anti-viral activity of NK cells and ILC. Semin Immunol 2023; 66:101712. [PMID: 36753974 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 receptor family members (ILRs) and Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play pivotal role in immunity and inflammation and are expressed by most cell types including cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system. In this context, IL-1 superfamily members are also important players in regulating function and differentiation of adaptive and innate lymphoid cells. This system is tightly regulated in order to avoid uncontrolled activation, which may lead to detrimental inflammation contributing to autoimmune or allergic responses. IL-1R8 (also known as TIR8 or SIGIRR) is a member of the IL-1R family that acts as a negative regulator dampening ILR and TLR signaling and as a co-receptor for human IL-37. Human and mouse NK cells, that are key players in immune surveillance of tumors and infections, express high level of IL-1R8. In this review, we will summarize our current understanding on the structure, expression and function of IL-1R8 and we will also discuss the emerging role of IL-1R8 as an important checkpoint regulating NK cells function in pathological conditions including cancer and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca R Mariotti
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nadine Landolina
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS, Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS, Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Maggi
- Translational Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Mantovani
- From IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, and the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele - both in Milan (A.M., C.G.); and William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London (A.M.)
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- From IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, and the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele - both in Milan (A.M., C.G.); and William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London (A.M.)
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13
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Erreni M, D'Autilia F, Avigni R, Bolli E, Arnouk SM, Movahedi K, Debie P, Anselmo A, Parente R, Vincke C, van Leeuwen FW, Allavena P, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Doni A, Hernot S, Van Ginderachter JA. Size-advantage of monovalent nanobodies against the macrophage mannose receptor for deep tumor penetration and tumor-associated macrophage targeting. Theranostics 2023; 13:355-373. [PMID: 36593955 PMCID: PMC9800720 DOI: 10.7150/thno.77560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Nanobodies (Nbs) have emerged as an elegant alternative to the use of conventional monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy, but a detailed microscopic insight into the in vivo pharmacokinetics of different Nb formats in tumor-bearers is lacking. This is especially relevant for the recognition and targeting of pro-tumoral tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which may be located in less penetrable tumor regions. Methods: We employed anti-Macrophage Mannose Receptor (MMR) Nbs, in a monovalent (m) or bivalent (biv) format, to assess in vivo TAM targeting. Intravital and confocal microscopy were used to analyse the blood clearance rate and targeting kinetics of anti-MMR Nbs in tumor tissue, healthy muscle tissue and liver. Fluorescence Molecular Tomography was applied to confirm anti-MMR Nb accumulation in the primary tumor and in metastatic lesions. Results: Intravital microscopy demonstrated significant differences in the blood clearance rate and macrophage targeting kinetics of (m) and (biv)anti-MMR Nbs, both in tumoral and extra-tumoral tissue. Importantly, (m)anti-MMR Nbs are superior in reaching tissue macrophages, an advantage that is especially prominent in tumor tissue. The administration of a molar excess of unlabelled (biv)anti-MMR Nbs increased the (m)anti-MMR Nb bioavailability and impacted on its macrophage targeting kinetics, preventing their accumulation in extra-tumoral tissue (especially in the liver) but only partially influencing their interaction with TAMs. Finally, anti-MMR Nb administration not only allowed the visualization of TAMs in primary tumors, but also at a distant metastatic site. Conclusions: These data describe, for the first time, a microscopic analysis of (m) and (biv)anti-MMR Nb pharmacokinetics in tumor and healthy tissues. The concepts proposed in this study provide important knowledge for the future use of Nbs as diagnostic and therapeutic agents, especially for the targeting of tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Erreni
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,✉ Corresponding authors: Marco Erreni, ; Jo A. Van Ginderachter,
| | - Francesca D'Autilia
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Avigni
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Evangelia Bolli
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels).,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sana M. Arnouk
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels).,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kiavash Movahedi
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels).,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pieterjan Debie
- Laboratory for In vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging (ICMI-BEFY/MIMA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels)
| | - Achille Anselmo
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Parente
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cécile Vincke
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels).,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fijs W.B. van Leeuwen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA Leiden
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M6BQ, UK
| | - Andrea Doni
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sophie Hernot
- Laboratory for In vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging (ICMI-BEFY/MIMA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels)
| | - Jo A. Van Ginderachter
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium (Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels).,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,✉ Corresponding authors: Marco Erreni, ; Jo A. Van Ginderachter,
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14
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Lapadula G, Leone R, Bernasconi DP, Biondi A, Rossi E, D’Angiò M, Bottazzi B, Bettini LR, Beretta I, Garlanda C, Valsecchi MG, Mantovani A, Bonfanti P. Long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) levels predict death, intubation and thrombotic events among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:933960. [PMID: 36389697 PMCID: PMC9651085 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.933960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PTX3 is an important mediator of inflammation and innate immunity. We aimed at assessing its prognostic value in a large cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. METHODS Levels of PTX3 were measured in 152 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at San Gerardo Hospital (Monza, Italy) since March 2020. Cox regression was used to identify predictors of time from admission to in-hospital death or mechanical ventilation. Crude incidences of death were compared between patients with PTX3 levels higher or lower than the best cut-off estimated with the Maximally Selected Rank Statistics Method. RESULTS Upon admission, 22% of the patients required no oxygen, 46% low-flow oxygen, 30% high-flow nasal cannula or CPAP-helmet and 3% MV. Median level of PTX3 was 21.7 (IQR: 13.5-58.23) ng/ml. In-hospital mortality was 25% (38 deaths); 13 patients (8.6%) underwent MV. PTX3 was associated with risk of death (per 10 ng/ml, HR 1.08; 95%CI 1.04-1.11; P<0.001) and death/MV (HR 1.04; 95%CI 1.01-1.07; P=0.011), independently of other predictors of in-hospital mortality, including age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP). Patients with PTX3 levels above the optimal cut-off of 39.32 ng/ml had significantly higher mortality than the others (55% vs 8%, P<0.001). Higher PTX3 plasma levels were found in 14 patients with subsequent thrombotic complications (median [IQR]: 51.4 [24.6-94.4] versus 21 [13.4-55.2]; P=0.049). CONCLUSIONS High PTX3 levels in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 are associated with a worse outcome. The evaluation of this marker could be useful in prognostic stratification and identification of patients who could benefit from immunomodulant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lapadula
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Davide Paolo Bernasconi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Center - B4, University of Milano–Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM)/Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rossi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Center - B4, University of Milano–Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariella D’Angiò
- Department of Pediatrics, European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM)/Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Laura Rachele Bettini
- Department of Pediatrics, European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM)/Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Beretta
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Center - B4, University of Milano–Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
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15
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Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages are an essential component of the tumour microenvironment and have a role in the orchestration of angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodelling, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and immunosuppression, as well as in resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Conversely, when appropriately activated, macrophages can mediate phagocytosis of cancer cells and cytotoxic tumour killing, and engage in effective bidirectional interactions with components of the innate and adaptive immune system. Therefore, they have emerged as therapeutic targets in cancer therapy. Macrophage-targeting strategies include inhibitors of cytokines and chemokines involved in the recruitment and polarization of tumour-promoting myeloid cells as well as activators of their antitumorigenic and immunostimulating functions. Early clinical trials suggest that targeting negative regulators (checkpoints) of myeloid cell function indeed has antitumor potential. Finally, given the continuous recruitment of myelomonocytic cells into tumour tissues, macrophages are candidates for cell therapy with the development of chimeric antigen receptor effector cells. Macrophage-centred therapeutic strategies have the potential to complement, and synergize with, currently available tools in the oncology armamentarium. Macrophages can promote tumorigenesis and enhance the antitumour response. This Review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying the reprogramming of macrophages in the tumour microenvironment and provides an overview of macrophage-targeted therapies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy. .,IRCCS- Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy. .,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS- Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Marchesi
- IRCCS- Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS- Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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16
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Osborne D, Domenico J, Dinarello C, Garlanda C, Fujita M. 072 The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-37 inhibits CD4+ T cell activation through the receptor IL-1R8 and supports regulatory T cells. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Bruni E, Cimino MM, Donadon M, Carriero R, Terzoli S, Piazza R, Ravens S, Prinz I, Cazzetta V, Marzano P, Kunderfranco P, Peano C, Soldani C, Franceschini B, Colombo FS, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Torzilli G, Mikulak J, Mavilio D. Intrahepatic CD69 +Vδ1 T cells re-circulate in the blood of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and limit tumor progression. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004579. [PMID: 35863820 PMCID: PMC9310256 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More than 50% of all patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) develop liver metastases (CLM), a clinical condition characterized by poor prognosis and lack of reliable prognostic markers. Vδ1 cells are a subset of tissue-resident gamma delta (γδ) T lymphocytes endowed with a broad array of antitumor functions and showing a natural high tropism for the liver. However, little is known about their impact in the clinical outcomes of CLM. Methods We isolated human γδ T cells from peripheral blood (PB) and peritumoral (PT) tissue of 93 patients undergone surgical procedures to remove CLM. The phenotype of freshly purified γδ T cells was assessed by multiparametric flow cytometry, the transcriptional profiles by single cell RNA-sequencing, the functional annotations by Gene Ontology enrichment analyses and the clonotype by γδ T cell receptor (TCR)-sequencing. Results The microenvironment of CLM is characterized by a heterogeneous immune infiltrate comprising different subsets of γδ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) able to egress the liver and re-circulate in PB. Vδ1 T cells represent the largest population of γδ TILs within the PT compartment of CLM that is greatly enriched in Vδ1 T effector (TEF) cells expressing constitutive high levels of CD69. These Vδ1 CD69+ TILs express a distinct phenotype and transcriptional signature, show high antitumor potential and correlate with better patient clinical outcomes in terms of lower numbers of liver metastatic lesions and longer overall survival (OS). Moreover, intrahepatic CD69+ Vδ1 TILs can egress CLM tissue to re-circulate in PB, where they retain a phenotype, transcriptional signature and TCR clonal repertoires resembling their liver origin. Importantly, even the increased frequencies of the CD69+ terminally differentiated (TEMRA) Vδ1 cells in PB of patients with CLM significantly correlate with longer OS. The positive prognostic score of high frequencies of CD69+ TEMRA Vδ1 cells in PB is independent from the neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy regimens administered to patients with CLM prior surgery. Conclusions The enrichment of tissue-resident CD69+ Vδ1 TEMRA cells re-circulating at high frequencies in PB of patients with CLM limits tumor progression and represents a new important clinical tool to either predict the natural history of CLM or develop alternative therapeutic protocols of cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bruni
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Maria Cimino
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Science, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Roberta Carriero
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Terzoli
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Sarina Ravens
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Cazzetta
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Marzano
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Kunderfranco
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Peano
- Institute of Biomedical Technologie, CNR Milan, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Soldani
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Franceschini
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Joanna Mikulak
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy .,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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18
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Gonçales RA, Bastos HN, Duarte-Oliveira C, Antunes D, Sokhatska O, Jacob M, Rolo R, Campos CF, Sasaki SD, Donato A, Mapelli SN, Costa S, Moura CS, Delgado L, Morais A, Torrado E, van de Veerdonk FL, Weichhart T, Lambris JD, Silvestre R, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Cunha C, Carvalho A. PTX3 Inhibits Complement-Driven Macrophage Activation to Restrain Granuloma Formation in Sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1140-1152. [PMID: 35767663 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202112-2771oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of granulomas in response to persistent stimuli. The long pentraxin PTX3 has emerged as a component of humoral innate immunity with essential functions in the resolution of inflammation, but its role during granuloma formation is unknown. OBJECTIVES To evaluate PTX3 as a modulator of pathogenic signals involved in granuloma formation and inflammation in sarcoidosis. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from sarcoidosis patients harboring loss-of-function genetic variants and gene-deleted mice were used to assess the role of PTX3 in experimental models of granuloma formation in vitro and in vivo. The identified mechanisms of granulomatous inflammation were further evaluated in tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage samples and correlated with the disease course. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We have identified a molecular link between PTX3 deficiency and the pathogenic amplification of complement activation to promote granuloma formation. Mechanistically, PTX3 deficiency licensed the complement component C5a-mediated activation of the metabolic checkpoint kinase mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and the reprogramming of macrophages toward increased glycolysis to foster their proliferation and aggregation. This process sustained the further recruitment of granuloma-promoting immune cells and the associated pro-inflammatory microenvironment, and influenced the clinical course of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify PTX3 as a pivotal molecule that regulates complement-mediated signaling cues in macrophages to restrain granulomatous inflammation and highlight the therapeutic potential of this signaling axis in targeting granuloma formation in sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helder N Bastos
- University of Porto, 26706, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Oksana Sokhatska
- University of Porto, 26706, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Jacob
- University of Porto, 26706, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Rolo
- Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Conceição Souto Moura
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 285211, Anatomic Pathology, Porto, Portugal.,University of Porto Faculty of Medicine, 26705, Anatomic Pathology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Delgado
- Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Medicina, 26705, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Morais
- Centro Hospitalar São João, Pulmonology, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - John D Lambris
- University of Pennsylvania, 6572, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas, IRCCS, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | | | - Cristina Cunha
- University of Minho, 56059, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Braga, Portugal
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19
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Ma YJ, Doni A, Garlanda C. Editorial: Interactions of Pentraxins and Complement in Infection, Inflammation, and Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:861359. [PMID: 35251053 PMCID: PMC8892381 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jie Ma
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrea Doni
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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20
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Nour J, Moregola A, Molgora M, Mantovani A, Uboldi P, Catapano A, Garlanda C, Bonacina F, Norata GD. Interleukin 1 receptor 8 deficiency does not impact atherosclerosis. Thromb Haemost 2022; 122:1833-1836. [PMID: 35436796 DOI: 10.1055/a-1827-7205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
No abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Nour
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Annalisa Moregola
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alberico Catapano
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bonacina
- Pharmacological and Biomolecular sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Centro SISA per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, Hospital Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
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21
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Supino D, Minute L, Mariancini A, Riva F, Magrini E, Garlanda C. Negative Regulation of the IL-1 System by IL-1R2 and IL-1R8: Relevance in Pathophysiology and Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:804641. [PMID: 35211118 PMCID: PMC8861086 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.804641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a primary cytokine of innate immunity and inflammation. IL-1 belongs to a complex family including ligands with agonist activity, receptor antagonists, and an anti-inflammatory cytokine. The receptors for these ligands, the IL-1 Receptor (IL-1R) family, include signaling receptor complexes, decoy receptors, and negative regulators. Agonists and regulatory molecules co-evolved, suggesting the evolutionary relevance of a tight control of inflammatory responses, which ensures a balance between amplification of innate immunity and uncontrolled inflammation. IL-1 family members interact with innate immunity cells promoting innate immunity, as well as with innate and adaptive lymphoid cells, contributing to their differentiation and functional polarization and plasticity. Here we will review the properties of two key regulatory receptors of the IL-1 system, IL-1R2, the first decoy receptor identified, and IL-1R8, a pleiotropic regulator of different IL-1 family members and co-receptor for IL-37, the anti-inflammatory member of the IL-1 family. Their complex impact in pathology, ranging from infections and inflammatory responses, to cancer and neurologic disorders, as well as clinical implications and potential therapeutic exploitation will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Supino
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Luna Minute
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Andrea Mariancini
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Federica Riva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Magrini
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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22
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Yau ACY, Globisch MA, Onyeogaziri FC, Conze LL, Smith R, Jauhiainen S, Corada M, Orsenigo F, Huang H, Herre M, Olsson AK, Malinverno M, Sundell V, Rezai Jahromi B, Niemelä M, Laakso A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Lampugnani MG, Dejana E, Magnusson PU. Inflammation and neutrophil extracellular traps in cerebral cavernous malformation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:206. [PMID: 35333979 PMCID: PMC8949649 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) is a brain vascular disease with various neurological symptoms. In this study, we describe the inflammatory profile in CCM and show for the first time the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in rodents and humans with CCM. Through RNA-seq analysis of cerebellum endothelial cells from wild-type mice and mice with an endothelial cell-specific ablation of the Ccm3 gene (Ccm3iECKO), we show that endothelial cells from Ccm3iECKO mice have an increased expression of inflammation-related genes. These genes encode proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as adhesion molecules, which promote recruitment of inflammatory and immune cells. Similarly, immunoassays showed elevated levels of these cytokines and chemokines in the cerebellum of the Ccm3iECKO mice. Consistently, both flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis showed infiltration of different subsets of leukocytes into the CCM lesions. Neutrophils, which are known to fight against infection through different strategies, including the formation of NETs, represented the leukocyte subset within the most pronounced increase in CCM. Here, we detected elevated levels of NETs in the blood and the deposition of NETs in the cerebral cavernomas of Ccm3iECKO mice. Degradation of NETs by DNase I treatment improved the vascular barrier. The deposition of NETs in the cavernomas of patients with CCM confirms the clinical relevance of NETs in CCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C Y Yau
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Ascencion Globisch
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Favour Chinyere Onyeogaziri
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lei L Conze
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ross Smith
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Suvi Jauhiainen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monica Corada
- Vascular Biology Unit, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Orsenigo
- Vascular Biology Unit, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Melanie Herre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Olsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matteo Malinverno
- Vascular Biology Unit, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Sundell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Behnam Rezai Jahromi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Niemelä
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki Laakso
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Maria Grazia Lampugnani
- Vascular Biology Unit, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy.,Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Vascular Biology Unit, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Peetra U Magnusson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsv. 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
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23
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Landolina N, Mariotti FR, Ingegnere T, Alicata C, Ricci B, Pelosi A, Veneziani I, Azzarone BG, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Moretta L, Maggi E. IL-1R8 silencing improves the anti-tumor function of freshly isolated human NK cells. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003858. [PMID: 35292515 PMCID: PMC8928329 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory receptor interleukin-1 receptor 8 (IL-1R8) has been recently recognized to be expressed also by human natural killer (NK) cells. This study was aimed to design and optimize IL-1R8 silencing conditions in human NK cells to precisely establish the activity of such receptor in these cells. Electroporation of freshly isolated or IL-2-cultured NK cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA), resulted in a marked, even though variable, IL-1R8-silencing. Although the expression profile revealed downregulation of most genes involved in several intracellular pathways, some genes related to proliferation, expression of some chemokine receptors, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and cytotoxic activity were upregulated in IL-1R8-silenced NK cells. Furthermore, upon IL-15 activation, the majority of genes involved in NK cell function were upregulated in IL-1R8-siRNA—compared with control—siRNA-transfected NK cells. More importantly, in agreement with these findings, the reduction of IL-1R8 gene expression levels resulted in enhanced expression of NK cell activation markers, production of cytokines and chemokines, and cytotoxic activity against several NK cell targets with different susceptibility to NK-mediated lysis. Similar results were obtained following stimulation with IL-18. All together these data, deeply impacting on the main effector functions of human NK cells, can lead to a better understanding of IL-1R8-mediated regulation on these cells and to the design of new strategies for improving NK cell-mediated anti-tumor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Landolina
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tiziano Ingegnere
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Alicata
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Ricci
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelosi
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Veneziani
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano (Milan), Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Maggi
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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24
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Stravalaci M, Pagani I, Paraboschi EM, Pedotti M, Doni A, Scavello F, Mapelli SN, Sironi M, Perucchini C, Varani L, Matkovic M, Cavalli A, Cesana D, Gallina P, Pedemonte N, Capurro V, Clementi N, Mancini N, Invernizzi P, Bayarri-Olmos R, Garred P, Rappuoli R, Duga S, Bottazzi B, Uguccioni M, Asselta R, Vicenzi E, Mantovani A, Garlanda C. Recognition and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 by humoral innate immunity pattern recognition molecules. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:275-286. [DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01114-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Pozzi C, Levi R, Braga D, Carli F, Darwich A, Spadoni I, Oresta B, Dioguardi CC, Peano C, Ubaldi L, Angelotti G, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Desai A, Voza A, Azzolini E, Cecconi M, Mantovani A, Penna G, Barbieri R, Politi LS, Rescigno M. A 'Multiomic' Approach of Saliva Metabolomics, Microbiota, and Serum Biomarkers to Assess the Need of Hospitalization in Coronavirus Disease 2019. Gastro Hep Adv 2022; 1:194-209. [PMID: 35174369 PMCID: PMC8818445 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has overwhelmed the treatment capacity of the health care systems during the highest viral diffusion rate. Patients reaching the emergency department had to be either hospitalized (inpatients) or discharged (outpatients). Still, the decision was taken based on the individual assessment of the actual clinical condition, without specific biomarkers to predict future improvement or deterioration, and discharged patients often returned to the hospital for aggravation of their condition. Here, we have developed a new combined approach of omics to identify factors that could distinguish coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) inpatients from outpatients. METHODS Saliva and blood samples were collected over the course of two observational cohort studies. By using machine learning approaches, we compared salivary metabolome of 50 COVID-19 patients with that of 270 healthy individuals having previously been exposed or not to SARS-CoV-2. We then correlated the salivary metabolites that allowed separating COVID-19 inpatients from outpatients with serum biomarkers and salivary microbiota taxa differentially represented in the two groups of patients. RESULTS We identified nine salivary metabolites that allowed assessing the need of hospitalization. When combined with serum biomarkers, just two salivary metabolites (myo-inositol and 2-pyrrolidineacetic acid) and one serum protein, chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), were sufficient to separate inpatients from outpatients completely and correlated with modulated microbiota taxa. In particular, we found Corynebacterium 1 to be overrepresented in inpatients, whereas Actinomycetaceae F0332, Candidatus Saccharimonas, and Haemophilus were all underrepresented in the hospitalized population. CONCLUSION This is a proof of concept that a combined omic analysis can be used to stratify patients independently from COVID-19.
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Key Words
- AUC, area under the curve
- CHI3L1
- CHI3L1, chitinase 3-like-1
- CI, confidence interval
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease 19
- DT, decision tree
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- ESI, electrospray ionization
- FDR, false discovery rate
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- LR, logistic regression
- Metabolome
- Microbiota
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PTX3, pentraxin 3
- RFE, recursive feature elimination
- SVM, support vector machine
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pozzi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Levi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Braga
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Carli
- Department of Informatics, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Abbass Darwich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Spadoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Bianca Oresta
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carola Conca Dioguardi
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS of Milan, National Research Council, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Peano
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS of Milan, National Research Council, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Ubaldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Desai
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Voza
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Azzolini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cecconi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe Penna
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Barbieri
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Letterio S. Politi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rescigno
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy,Correspondence: Address correspondence to: Prof. Maria Rescigno, PhD, Humanitas University Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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26
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Parente R, Possetti V, Erreni M, D'Autilia F, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Inforzato A, Doni A. Complementary Roles of Short and Long Pentraxins in the Complement-Mediated Immune Response to Aspergillus fumigatus Infections. Front Immunol 2021; 12:785883. [PMID: 34868070 PMCID: PMC8637271 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.785883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous mold Aspergillus fumigatus is the major etiologic agent of invasive aspergillosis, a life-threatening infection amongst immune compromised individuals. An increasing body of evidence indicates that effective disposal of A. fumigatus requires the coordinate action of both cellular and humoral components of the innate immune system. Early recognition of the fungal pathogen, in particular, is mediated by a set of diverse soluble pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) that act as "ancestral antibodies" inasmuch as they are endowed with opsonic, pro-phagocytic and killing properties. Pivotal is, in this respect, the contribution of the complement system, which functionally cooperates with cell-borne pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and other soluble PRMs, including pentraxins. Indeed, complement and pentraxins form an integrated system with crosstalk, synergism, and regulation, which stands as a paradigm of the interplay between PRMs in the mounting and orchestration of antifungal immunity. Following upon our past experience with the long pentraxin PTX3, a well-established immune effector in the host response to A. fumigatus, we recently reported that this fungal pathogen is targeted in vitro and in vivo by the short pentraxin Serum Amyloid P component (SAP) too. Similar to PTX3, SAP promotes phagocytosis and disposal of the fungal pathogen via complement-dependent pathways. However, the two proteins exploit different mechanisms of complement activation and receptor-mediated phagocytosis, which further extends complexity and integration of the complement-pentraxin crosstalk in the immune response to A. fumigatus. Here we revisit this crosstalk in light of the emerging roles of SAP as a novel PRM with antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Parente
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Possetti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Erreni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Autilia
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Inforzato
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Doni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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27
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Giannoudaki E, Stefanska AM, Lawler H, Leon G, Hernandez Santana YE, Hassan N, Russell SE, Horan R, Sweeney C, Preston RS, Mantovani A, Garlanda C, Fallon PG, Walsh PT. Correction: SIGIRR Negatively Regulates IL-36-Driven Psoriasiform Inflammation and Neutrophil Infiltration in the Skin. J Immunol 2021; 207:2895. [PMID: 34697229 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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28
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Giovannelli I, Bayatti N, Brown A, Wang D, Mickunas M, Camu W, Veyrune JL, Payan C, Garlanda C, Locati M, Juntas-Morales R, Pageot N, Malaspina A, Andreasson U, Suehs C, Saker S, Masseguin C, de Vos J, Zetterberg H, Al-Chalabi A, Leigh PN, Tree T, Bensimon G, Heath PR, Shaw PJ, Kirby J. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis transcriptomics reveals immunological effects of low-dose interleukin-2. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab141. [PMID: 34409288 PMCID: PMC8364666 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal neurodegenerative disease causing upper and lower motor neuron loss and currently no effective disease-modifying treatment is available. A pathological feature of this disease is neuroinflammation, a mechanism which involves both CNS-resident and peripheral immune system cells. Regulatory T-cells are immune-suppressive agents known to be dramatically and progressively decreased in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Low-dose interleukin-2 promotes regulatory T-cell expansion and was proposed as an immune-modulatory strategy for this disease. A randomized placebo-controlled pilot phase-II clinical trial called Immuno-Modulation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis was carried out to test safety and activity of low-dose interleukin-2 in 36 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients (NCT02059759). Participants were randomized to 1MIU, 2MIU-low-dose interleukin-2 or placebo and underwent one injection daily for 5 days every 28 days for three cycles. In this report, we describe the results of microarray gene expression profiling of trial participants' leukocyte population. We identified a dose-dependent increase in regulatory T-cell markers at the end of the treatment period. Longitudinal analysis revealed an alteration and inhibition of inflammatory pathways occurring promptly at the end of the first treatment cycle. These responses are less pronounced following the end of the third treatment cycle, although an activation of immune-regulatory pathways, involving regulatory T-cells and T helper 2 cells, was evident only after the last cycle. This indicates a cumulative effect of repeated low-dose interleukin-2 administration on regulatory T-cells. Our analysis suggested the existence of inter-individual variation amongst trial participants and we therefore classified patients into low, moderate and high-regulatory T-cell-responders. NanoString profiling revealed substantial baseline differences between participant immunological transcript expression profiles with the least responsive patients showing a more inflammatory-prone phenotype at the beginning of the trial. Finally, we identified two genes in which pre-treatment expression levels correlated with the magnitude of drug responsiveness. Therefore, we proposed a two-biomarker based regression model able to predict patient regulatory T-cell-response to low-dose interleukin-2. These findings and the application of this methodology could be particularly relevant for future precision medicine approaches to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Nadhim Bayatti
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Abigail Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Dennis Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.,Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Marius Mickunas
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK
| | - William Camu
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jean-Luc Veyrune
- Clinique du Motoneurone, CHU Gui de Chaliac, University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Christine Payan
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier 34000, France.,Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health and Innovation in Methodology (BESPIM), Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes 30029, France
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Pharmacology, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, 75013 France.,Humanitas Clinical & Research Center-IRCCS, Milan 20089, Italy
| | - Massimo Locati
- Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan 20090, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Raul Juntas-Morales
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Nicolas Pageot
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Andrea Malaspina
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Neuroscience and Trauma Centre, Institute of Cell and Molecular Medicine, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Ulf Andreasson
- Department of Psychiatry & Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal 41345, Sweden
| | - Carey Suehs
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health and Innovation in Methodology (BESPIM), Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes 30029, France.,Department of Medical Information, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier 34090, France
| | - Safa Saker
- DNA and Cell Bank, Genethon, Evry 91000, France
| | - Christophe Masseguin
- Delegation for Clinical Research and Innovation, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes 30029, France
| | - John de Vos
- Clinique du Motoneurone, CHU Gui de Chaliac, University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry & Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal 41345, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal 43180, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK.,Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - P Nigel Leigh
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, The Trafford Centre for Biomedical Research, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK
| | - Timothy Tree
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Gilbert Bensimon
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier 34000, France.,Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health and Innovation in Methodology (BESPIM), Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes 30029, France.,Department of Pharmacology, Sorbonne University Médecine, F-75013 Paris 75013, France
| | - Paul R Heath
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Janine Kirby
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
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29
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Salvi V, Nguyen HO, Sozio F, Schioppa T, Gaudenzi C, Laffranchi M, Scapini P, Passari M, Barbazza I, Tiberio L, Tamassia N, Garlanda C, Del Prete A, Cassatella MA, Mantovani A, Sozzani S, Bosisio D. SARS-CoV-2-associated ssRNAs activate inflammation and immunity via TLR7/8. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e150542. [PMID: 34375313 PMCID: PMC8492321 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory and IFN pathways of innate immunity play a key role in the resistance and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Innate sensors and SARS-CoV-2–associated molecular patterns (SAMPs) remain to be completely defined. Here, we identified single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) fragments from the SARS-CoV-2 genome as direct activators of endosomal TLR7/8 and MyD88 pathway. The same sequences induced human DC activation in terms of phenotype and function, such as IFN and cytokine production and Th1 polarization. A bioinformatic scan of the viral genome identified several hundreds of fragments potentially activating TLR7/8, suggesting that products of virus endosomal processing potently activate the IFN and inflammatory responses downstream of these receptors. In vivo, SAMPs induced MyD88-dependent lung inflammation characterized by accumulation of proinflammatory and cytotoxic mediators and immune cell infiltration, as well as splenic DC phenotypical maturation. These results identified TLR7/8 as a crucial cellular sensor of ssRNAs encoded by SARS-CoV-2 involved in host resistance and the disease pathogenesis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Hoang Oanh Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Sozio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schioppa
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carolina Gaudenzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mattia Laffranchi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Passari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Barbazza
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Tiberio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Research in Immunology and Infectious Disease, IRCCS Humanities Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- Research in Immunology and Infectious Disease, IRCCS Humanities Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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30
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Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key orchestrator of inflammation and plays an important role in tumor progression. Based on preclinical models and human genetic associations, we surmise that targeting IL-1 should be considered in treating selected human tumors as well as in a prevention and/or interception setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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31
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Giannoudaki E, Stefanska AM, Lawler H, Leon G, Hernandez Santana YE, Hassan N, Russell SE, Horan R, Sweeney C, Preston RS, Mantovani A, Garlanda C, Fallon PG, Walsh PT. SIGIRR Negatively Regulates IL-36-Driven Psoriasiform Inflammation and Neutrophil Infiltration in the Skin. J Immunol 2021; 207:651-660. [PMID: 34253575 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGIRR has been described as a negative regulator of several IL-1R/TLR family members and has been implicated in several inflammatory disease conditions. However, it is unknown whether it can suppress IL-36 family cytokines, which are members of the broader IL-1 superfamily that have emerged as critical orchestrators of psoriatic inflammation in both humans and mice. In this study, we demonstrate that SIGIRR is downregulated in psoriatic lesions in humans and mice, and this correlates with increased expression of IL-36 family cytokines. Using Sigirr -/- mice, we identify, for the first time (to our knowledge), SIGIRR as a negative regulator of IL-36 responses in the skin. Mechanistically, we identify dendritic cells and keratinocytes as the primary cell subsets in which IL-36 proinflammatory responses are regulated by SIGIRR. Both cell types displayed elevated IL-36 responsiveness in absence of SIGIRR activity, characterized by enhanced expression of neutrophil chemoattractants, leading to increased neutrophil infiltration to the inflamed skin. Blockade of IL-36R signaling ameliorated exacerbated psoriasiform inflammation in Sigirr-/- mice and inhibited neutrophil infiltration. These data identify SIGIRR activity as an important regulatory node in suppressing IL-36-dependent psoriatic inflammation in humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Giannoudaki
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna M Stefanska
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hazel Lawler
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gemma Leon
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yasmina E Hernandez Santana
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Najma Hassan
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shane E Russell
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachel Horan
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cheryl Sweeney
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roger S Preston
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; and.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; and
| | - Padraic G Fallon
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick T Walsh
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; .,National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
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32
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Abstract
Complement activation contributes to tumor progression in several cancer types. In this issue, Daugan and colleagues propose complement component C1s and C4d as new markers of prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The mechanism of action of C1s involves both canonical and intracellular, noncanonical functions. The results provide new molecular targets to prevent tumor escape from immune surveillance, which leads to tumor progression.See related article by Daugan et al., p. 891 (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Magrini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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33
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Doni A, Parente R, Laface I, Magrini E, Cunha C, Colombo FS, Lacerda JF, Campos A, Mapelli SN, Petroni F, Porte R, Schorn T, Inforzato A, Mercier T, Lagrou K, Maertens J, Lambris JD, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Botto M, Carvalho A, Mantovani A. Serum amyloid P component is an essential element of resistance against Aspergillus fumigatus. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3739. [PMID: 34145258 PMCID: PMC8213769 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum amyloid P component (SAP, also known as Pentraxin 2; APCS gene) is a component of the humoral arm of innate immunity involved in resistance to bacterial infection and regulation of tissue remodeling. Here we investigate the role of SAP in antifungal resistance. Apcs-/- mice show enhanced susceptibility to A. fumigatus infection. Murine and human SAP bound conidia, activate the complement cascade and enhance phagocytosis by neutrophils. Apcs-/- mice are defective in vivo in terms of recruitment of neutrophils and phagocytosis in the lungs. Opsonic activity of SAP is dependent on the classical pathway of complement activation. In immunosuppressed mice, SAP administration protects hosts against A. fumigatus infection and death. In the context of a study of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, genetic variation in the human APCS gene is associated with susceptibility to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Thus, SAP is a fluid phase pattern recognition molecule essential for resistance against A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Doni
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Parente
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laface
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Magrini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
| | | | - João F Lacerda
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Serviço de Hematologia e Transplantação de Medula, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Campos
- Serviço de Transplantação de Medula Óssea (STMO), Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah N Mapelli
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Petroni
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rémi Porte
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tilo Schorn
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Inforzato
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Toine Mercier
- Department of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Lagrou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Centre for Mycosis, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Maertens
- Department of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Botto
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy. .,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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34
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Asgari F, Supino D, Parente R, Polentarutti N, Stravalaci M, Porte R, Pasqualini F, Barbagallo M, Perucchini C, Recordati C, Magrini E, Mariancini A, Riva F, Giordano A, Davoudian S, Roger T, Veer CV, Jaillon S, Mantovani A, Doni A, Garlanda C. The Long Pentraxin PTX3 Controls Klebsiella Pneumoniae Severe Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:666198. [PMID: 34093560 PMCID: PMC8173212 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.666198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen in human sepsis. The emergence of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains represents a major clinical challenge in nosocomial and community acquired infections. The long pentraxin PTX3, a key component of humoral innate immunity, is involved in resistance to selected pathogens by promoting opsonophagocytosis. We investigated the relevance of PTX3 in innate immunity against K. pneumoniae infections using Ptx3-/- mice and mouse models of severe K. pneumoniae infections. Local and systemic PTX3 expression was induced following K. pneumoniae pulmonary infection, in association with the up-regulation of TNF-α and IL-1β. PTX3 deficiency in mice was associated with higher bacterial burden and mortality, release of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as IL-10 in the lung and systemically. The analysis of the mechanisms responsible of PTX3-dependent control of K. pneumoniae infection revealed that PTX3 did not interact with K. pneumoniae, or promote opsonophagocytosis. The comparison of susceptibility of wild-type, Ptx3-/-, C3-/- and Ptx3-/-/C3-/- mice to the infection showed that PTX3 acted in a complement-independent manner. Lung histopathological analysis showed more severe lesions in Ptx3-/- mice with fibrinosuppurative, necrotizing and haemorrhagic bronchopneumonia, associated with increased fibrin deposition in the lung and circulating fibrinogen consumption. These findings indicate that PTX3 contributes to the control of K. pneumoniae infection by modulating inflammatory responses and tissue damage. Thus, this study emphasizes the relevance of the role of PTX3 as regulator of inflammation and orchestrator of tissue repair in innate responses to infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Asgari
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Domenico Supino
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Parente
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Nadia Polentarutti
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Matteo Stravalaci
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Remi Porte
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Fabio Pasqualini
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Barbagallo
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Chiara Perucchini
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Camilla Recordati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Elena Magrini
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Andrea Mariancini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Federica Riva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Alessia Giordano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Sadaf Davoudian
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Thierry Roger
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Cornelis Van't Veer
- Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sebastien Jaillon
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.,Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Doni
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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Oggioni M, Mercurio D, Minuta D, Fumagalli S, Popiolek-Barczyk K, Sironi M, Ciechanowska A, Ippati S, De Blasio D, Perego C, Mika J, Garlanda C, De Simoni MG. Long pentraxin PTX3 is upregulated systemically and centrally after experimental neurotrauma, but its depletion leaves unaltered sensorimotor deficits or histopathology. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9616. [PMID: 33953334 PMCID: PMC8100171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Long pentraxin PTX3, a pattern recognition molecule involved in innate immune responses, is upregulated by pro-inflammatory stimuli, contributors to secondary damage in traumatic brain injury (TBI). We analyzed PTX3 involvement in mice subjected to controlled cortical impact, a clinically relevant TBI mouse model. We measured PTX3 mRNA and protein in the brain and its circulating levels at different time point post-injury, and assessed behavioral deficits and brain damage progression in PTX3 KO mice. PTX3 circulating levels significantly increased 1-3 weeks after injury. In the brain, PTX3 mRNA was upregulated in different brain areas starting from 24 h and up to 5 weeks post-injury. PTX3 protein significantly increased in the brain cortex up to 3 weeks post-injury. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that, 48 h after TBI, PTX3 was localized in proximity of neutrophils, likely on neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs), while 1- and 2- weeks post-injury PTX3 co-localized with fibrin deposits. Genetic depletion of PTX3 did not affect sensorimotor deficits up to 5 weeks post-injury. At this time-point lesion volume and neuronal count, axonal damage, collagen deposition, astrogliosis, microglia activation and phagocytosis were not different in KO compared to WT mice. Members of the long pentraxin family, neuronal pentraxin 1 (nPTX1) and pentraxin 4 (PTX4) were also over-expressed in the traumatized brain, but not neuronal pentraxin 2 (nPTX2) or short pentraxins C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P-component (SAP). The long-lasting pattern of activation of PTX3 in brain and blood supports its specific involvement in TBI. The lack of a clear-cut phenotype in PTX3 KO mice may depend on the different roles of this protein, possibly involved in inflammation early after injury and in repair processes later on, suggesting distinct functions in acute phases versus sub-acute or chronic phases. Brain long pentraxins, such as PTX4-shown here to be overexpressed in the brain after TBI-may compensate for PTX3 absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Oggioni
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Mercurio
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Denise Minuta
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Present Address: San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Fumagalli
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Popiolek-Barczyk
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marina Sironi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano - Milan, 20089 Italy
| | - Agata Ciechanowska
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Stefania Ippati
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Present Address: San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daiana De Blasio
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Perego
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Joanna Mika
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano - Milan, 20089 Italy ,grid.452490.eHumanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele – Milan, 20090 Italy
| | - Maria-Grazia De Simoni
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
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Protti A, Meessen J, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Milani A, Bacci M, Mantovani A, Cecconi M, Latini R, Caironi P. Circulating pentraxin 3 in severe COVID-19 or other pulmonary sepsis. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13530. [PMID: 33660256 PMCID: PMC7995110 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Protti
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Units, Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre - IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Jennifer Meessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Milani
- Post-graduate Medical School of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Bacci
- Thrombosis and Haemorrhagic Centre, Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre - IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio Cecconi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Units, Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre - IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Caironi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Dander E, Fallati A, Gulić T, Pagni F, Gaspari S, Silvestri D, Cricrì G, Bedini G, Portale F, Buracchi C, Starace R, Pasqualini F, D'Angiò M, Brizzolara L, Maglia O, Mantovani A, Garlanda C, Valsecchi MG, Locatelli F, Biondi A, Bottazzi B, Allavena P, D'Amico G. Monocyte-macrophage polarization and recruitment pathways in the tumour microenvironment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2021; 193:1157-1171. [PMID: 33713428 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) reprograms the surrounding bone marrow (BM) stroma to create a leukaemia-supportive niche. To elucidate the contribution of immune cells to the leukaemic microenvironment, we investigated the involvement of monocyte/macrophage compartments, as well as several recruitment pathways in B-ALL development. Immunohistochemistry analyses showed that CD68-expressing macrophages were increased in leukaemic BM biopsies, compared to controls and predominantly expressed the M2-like markers CD163 and CD206. Furthermore, the "non-classical" CD14+ CD16++ monocyte subset, expressing high CX3CR1 levels, was significantly increased in B-ALL patients' peripheral blood. CX3CL1 was shown to be significantly upregulated in leukaemic BM plasma, thus providing an altered migratory pathway possibly guiding NC monocyte recruitment into the BM. Additionally, the monocyte/macrophage chemoattractant chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) strongly increased in leukaemic BM plasma, possibly because of the interaction of leukaemic cells with mesenchymal stromal cells and vascular cells and due to a stimulatory effect of leukaemia-related inflammatory mediators. C5a, a macrophage chemoattractant and M2-polarizing factor, further appeared to be upregulated in the leukaemic BM, possibly as an effect of PTX3 decrease, that could unleash complement cascade activation. Overall, deregulated monocyte/macrophage compartments are part of the extensive BM microenvironment remodelling at B-ALL diagnosis and could represent valuable targets for novel treatments to be coupled with classical chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Dander
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fallati
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Tamara Gulić
- IRCCS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Mi), Italy
| | - Fabio Pagni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefania Gaspari
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Silvestri
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Giulia Cricrì
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Gloria Bedini
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Federica Portale
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Buracchi
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Rita Starace
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Fabio Pasqualini
- IRCCS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Mi), Italy
| | - Mariella D'Angiò
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Lisa Brizzolara
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Oscar Maglia
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Mi), Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele - Milan, Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Mi), Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele - Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- IRCCS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Mi), Italy
| | - Paola Allavena
- IRCCS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Mi), Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dep, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
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Mantovani A, Marchesi F, Jaillon S, Garlanda C, Allavena P. Tumor-associated myeloid cells: diversity and therapeutic targeting. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:566-578. [PMID: 33473192 PMCID: PMC8027665 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cells in tumor tissues constitute a dynamic immune population characterized by a non-uniform phenotype and diverse functional activities. Both tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are more abundantly represented, and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) are known to sustain tumor cell growth and invasion, support neoangiogenesis and suppress anticancer adaptive immune responses. In recent decades, several therapeutic approaches have been implemented in preclinical cancer models to neutralize the tumor-promoting roles of both TAMs and TANs. Some of the most successful strategies have now reached the clinic and are being investigated in clinical trials. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent literature on the ever-growing complexity of the biology of TAMs and TANs and the development of the most promising approaches to target these populations therapeutically in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy.
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Federica Marchesi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastien Jaillon
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
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Amo-Aparicio J, Sanchez-Fernandez A, Li S, Eisenmesser EZ, Garlanda C, Dinarello CA, Lopez-Vales R. Extracellular and nuclear roles of IL-37 after spinal cord injury. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:194-201. [PMID: 33002630 PMCID: PMC7749842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 37 (IL-37) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine of the interleukin 1 family. Transgenic mice expressing the human form of the IL37 gene (hIL-37Tg) display protective effects in several animal models of disease. Previous data from our group revealed that IL-37 limits inflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI) and ameliorates tissue damage and functional deficits. IL-37 can exert its anti-inflammatory effects by translocating to the nucleus or acting as an extracellular cytokine. However, whether this protection after SCI is mediated by translocating to the nucleus, activating of extracellular receptors, or both, is currently unknown. In the present study, we used different transgenic animals to answer this question. We demonstrated that the beneficial effects of IL-37 on functional and histological outcomes after SCI were lost in the lack of the extracellular receptor IL-1R8, indicating that IL-37 induces protection as an extracellular cytokine. On the other hand, transgenic mice with the nuclear function of IL-37 abolished (hIL-37D20ATg) showed significant improvement in locomotor skills and myelin sparing after SCI, indicating that nuclear pathway is not required for the protective actions of IL-37. Moreover, we also showed that the therapeutic effects of the recombinant IL-37 protein are produced only in the presence of the extracellular receptor IL-1R8, further highlighting the importance of the extracellular function of this cytokine after SCI. Finally, we revealed that the administration of recombinant IL-37 protein exerted therapeutic actions when administered in the lesion site but not systemically. This work demonstrated for the first time that translocation of IL-37 to the nucleus is not required for the beneficial actions of this cytokine after SCI and highlights the importance of the extracellular signaling of IL-37 to mediate neuroprotective actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Amo-Aparicio
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Alba Sanchez-Fernandez
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Suzhao Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Elan Z. Eisenmesser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80238, USA
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, MI, 20090, Italy,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, MI, 20089, Italy
| | - Charles A. Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA,Department of Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben Lopez-Vales
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain.
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Sánchez-Fernández A, Zandee S, Amo-Aparicio J, Charabati M, Prat A, Garlanda C, Eisenmesser EZ, Dinarello CA, López-Vales R. IL-37 exerts therapeutic effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through the receptor complex IL-1R5/IL-1R8. Theranostics 2021; 11:1-13. [PMID: 33391457 PMCID: PMC7681099 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Interleukin 37 (IL-37), a member of IL-1 family, broadly suppresses inflammation in many pathological conditions by acting as a dual-function cytokine in that IL-37 signals via the extracellular receptor complex IL1-R5/IL-1R8, but it can also translocate to the nucleus. However, whether IL-37 exerts beneficial actions in neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, remains to be elucidated. Thus, the goals of the present study were to evaluate the therapeutic effects of IL-37 in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, and if so, whether this is mediated via the extracellular receptor complex IL-1R5/IL-1R8. Methods: We used a murine model of MS, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We induced EAE in three different single and double transgenic mice (hIL-37tg, IL-1R8 KO, hIL-37tg-IL-1R8 KO) and wild type littermates. We also induced EAE in C57Bl/6 mice and treated them with various forms of recombinant human IL-37 protein. Functional and histological techniques were used to assess locomotor deficits and demyelination. Luminex and flow cytometry analysis were done to assess the protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and different immune cell populations, respectively. qPCRs were done to assess the expression of IL-37, IL-1R5 and IL-1R8 in the spinal cord of EAE, and in blood peripheral mononuclear cells and brain tissue samples of MS patients. Results: We demonstrate that IL-37 reduces inflammation and protects against neurological deficits and myelin loss in EAE mice by acting via IL1-R5/IL1-R8. We also reveal that administration of recombinant human IL-37 exerts therapeutic actions in EAE mice. We finally show that IL-37 transcripts are not up-regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in brain lesions of MS patients, despite the IL-1R5/IL-1R8 receptor complex is expressed. Conclusions: This study presents novel data indicating that IL-37 exerts therapeutic effects in EAE by acting through the extracellular receptor complex IL-1R5/IL-1R8, and that this protective physiological mechanism is defective in MS individuals. IL-37 may therefore represent a novel therapeutic avenue for the treatment of MS with great promising potential.
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Brunetta E, Folci M, Bottazzi B, De Santis M, Gritti G, Protti A, Mapelli SN, Bonovas S, Piovani D, Leone R, My I, Zanon V, Spata G, Bacci M, Supino D, Carnevale S, Sironi M, Davoudian S, Peano C, Landi F, Di Marco F, Raimondi F, Gianatti A, Angelini C, Rambaldi A, Garlanda C, Ciccarelli M, Cecconi M, Mantovani A. Macrophage expression and prognostic significance of the long pentraxin PTX3 in COVID-19. Nat Immunol 2020; 22:19-24. [PMID: 33208929 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an essential component of humoral innate immunity, involved in resistance to selected pathogens and in the regulation of inflammation1-3. The present study was designed to assess the presence and significance of PTX3 in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)4-7. RNA-sequencing analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, single-cell bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry of lung autopsy samples revealed that myelomonocytic cells and endothelial cells express high levels of PTX3 in patients with COVID-19. Increased plasma concentrations of PTX3 were detected in 96 patients with COVID-19. PTX3 emerged as a strong independent predictor of 28-d mortality in multivariable analysis, better than conventional markers of inflammation, in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The prognostic significance of PTX3 abundance for mortality was confirmed in a second independent cohort (54 patients). Thus, circulating and lung myelomonocytic cells and endothelial cells are a major source of PTX3, and PTX3 plasma concentration can serve as an independent strong prognostic indicator of short-term mortality in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Brunetta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Folci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Gritti
- Unit of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Protti
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefanos Bonovas
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Piovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Leone
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria My
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Zanon
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Monica Bacci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Supino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sironi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Clelia Peano
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Unit of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabiano Di Marco
- Unit of Pneumology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Raimondi
- Unit of Pneumology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Andrea Gianatti
- Unit of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- Unit of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy. .,Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Maurizio Cecconi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy. .,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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42
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Mastellos DC, Pires da Silva BGP, Fonseca BAL, Fonseca NP, Auxiliadora-Martins M, Mastaglio S, Ruggeri A, Sironi M, Radermacher P, Chrysanthopoulou A, Skendros P, Ritis K, Manfra I, Iacobelli S, Huber-Lang M, Nilsson B, Yancopoulou D, Connolly ES, Garlanda C, Ciceri F, Risitano AM, Calado RT, Lambris JD. Complement C3 vs C5 inhibition in severe COVID-19: Early clinical findings reveal differential biological efficacy. Clin Immunol 2020; 220:108598. [PMID: 32961333 PMCID: PMC7501834 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Growing clinical evidence has implicated complement as a pivotal driver of COVID-19 immunopathology. Deregulated complement activation may fuel cytokine-driven hyper-inflammation, thrombotic microangiopathy and NET-driven immunothrombosis, thereby leading to multi-organ failure. Complement therapeutics have gained traction as candidate drugs for countering the detrimental consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Whether blockade of terminal complement effectors (C5, C5a, or C5aR1) may elicit similar outcomes to upstream intervention at the level of C3 remains debated. Here we compare the efficacy of the C5-targeting monoclonal antibody eculizumab with that of the compstatin-based C3-targeted drug candidate AMY-101 in small independent cohorts of severe COVID-19 patients. Our exploratory study indicates that therapeutic complement inhibition abrogates COVID-19 hyper-inflammation. Both C3 and C5 inhibitors elicit a robust anti-inflammatory response, reflected by a steep decline in C-reactive protein and IL-6 levels, marked lung function improvement, and resolution of SARS-CoV-2-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). C3 inhibition afforded broader therapeutic control in COVID-19 patients by attenuating both C3a and sC5b-9 generation and preventing FB consumption. This broader inhibitory profile was associated with a more robust decline of neutrophil counts, attenuated neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release, faster serum LDH decline, and more prominent lymphocyte recovery. These early clinical results offer important insights into the differential mechanistic basis and underlying biology of C3 and C5 inhibition in COVID-19 and point to a broader pathogenic involvement of C3-mediated pathways in thromboinflammation. They also support the evaluation of these complement-targeting agents as COVID-19 therapeutics in large prospective trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios C Mastellos
- National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Bruno G P Pires da Silva
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Benedito A L Fonseca
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Natasha P Fonseca
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Maria Auxiliadora-Martins
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Sara Mastaglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Ruggeri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sironi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Sektion Anästhesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou
- First Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Skendros
- First Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Ritis
- First Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Ilenia Manfra
- AORN San Giuseppe Moscati, Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Avellino, Italy
| | - Simona Iacobelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bo Nilsson
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - E Sander Connolly
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; University Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio M Risitano
- AORN San Giuseppe Moscati, Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Avellino, Italy; Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Rodrigo T Calado
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, School of Medicine, Brazil
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio M Risitano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dimitrios C Mastellos
- National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Experimental Trauma- Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Meessen JMTA, Cardinale D, Ciceri F, Sandri MT, Civelli M, Bottazzi B, Cucchi G, Menatti E, Mangiavacchi M, Condorelli G, Barbieri E, Gori S, Colombo A, Curigliano G, Salvatici M, Pastori P, Ghisoni F, Bianchi A, Falci C, Cortesi P, Farolfi A, Monopoli A, Milandri C, Bregni M, Malossi A, Nassiacos D, Verusio C, Staszewsky L, Leone R, Novelli D, Balconi G, Nicolis EB, Franzosi MG, Masson S, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Cipolla CM, Latini R. Circulating biomarkers and cardiac function over 3 years after chemotherapy with anthracyclines: the ICOS-ONE trial. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:1452-1466. [PMID: 32358917 PMCID: PMC7373944 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS A multicentre trial, ICOS-ONE, showed increases above the upper limit of normality of cardiac troponin (cTn) in 27% of patients within 12 months after the end of cancer chemotherapy (CT) with anthracyclines, whether cardiac protection with enalapril was started at study entry in all (prevention arm) or only upon first occurrence on supra-normal cTn (troponin-triggered arm). The aims of the present post hoc analysis were (i) to assess whether anthracycline-based treatment could induce cardiotoxicity over 36 month follow-up and (ii) to describe the time course of three cardiovascular biomarkers (i.e. troponin I cTnI-Ultra, B-type natriuretic peptide BNP, and pentraxin 3 PTX3) and of left ventricular (LV) function up to 36 months. METHODS AND RESULTS Eligible patients were those prescribed first-in-life CT, without evidence of cardiovascular disease, normal cTn, LV ejection fraction (EF) >50%, not on renin-angiotensin aldosterone system antagonists. Patients underwent echocardiography and blood sampling at 24 and 36 months. No differences were observed in biomarker concentration between the two study arms, 'prevention' vs. 'troponin-triggered'. During additional follow-up 13 more deaths occurred, leading to a total of 23 (9.5%), all due to a non-cardiovascular cause. No new occurrences of LV-dysfunction were reported. Two additional patients were admitted to the hospital for cardiovascular causes, both for acute pulmonary embolism. No first onset of raised cTnI-Ultra was reported in the extended follow-up. BNP remained within normal range: at 36 months was 23.4 ng/L, higher (N.S.) than at baseline, 17.6 ng/L. PTX3 peaked at 5.2 ng/mL 1 month after CT and returned to baseline values thereafter. cTnI-Ultra peaked at 26 ng/L 1 month after CT and returned to 3 ng/L until the last measurement at 36 months. All echocardiographic variables remained stable during follow-up with a median LVEF of 63% and left atrial volume index about 24 mL/m2 . CONCLUSIONS First-in-life CT with median cumulative dose of anthracyclines of 180 mg/m2 does not seem to cause clinically significant cardiac injury, as assessed by circulating biomarkers and echocardiography, in patients aged 51 years (median), without pre-existing cardiac disease. This may suggest either a 100% efficacy of enalapril (given as preventive or troponin-triggered) or a reassuringly low absolute cardiovascular risk in this cohort of patients, which may not require intensive cardiologic follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M T A Meessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Ciceri
- Haematology/Transplant Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Università Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Sandri
- Laboratory Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Reseach Center - IRCCS - Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Civelli
- Department of Cardiology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Maurizio Mangiavacchi
- Department of Cardiology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Department of Cardiology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Barbieri
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | - Stefania Gori
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Salvatici
- Laboratory Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Reseach Center - IRCCS - Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastori
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale di Vaio, Fidenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Ghisoni
- Unità Operativa Complessa Cure Palliative, Ospedale di Vaio, Fidenza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bianchi
- Department of Cardiology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Falci
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Cortesi
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS - Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRST, Meldola, Italy
| | - Alberto Farolfi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRST, Meldola, Italy
| | - Anna Monopoli
- Department of Cardiology, Nuovo Ospedale San Giuseppe, Empoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Milandri
- Department of Oncology, Nuovo Ospedale San Giuseppe, Empoli, Italy
| | - Marco Bregni
- Department of Oncology, Presidio Ospedaliero di Busto Arsizio, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Nassiacos
- Department of Cardiology, Presidio Ospedaliero di Saronno, Saronno, Italy
| | - Claudio Verusio
- Department of Oncology, Presidio Ospedaliero di Saronno, Saronno, Italy
| | - Lidia Staszewsky
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Leone
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Deborah Novelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Balconi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico B Nicolis
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Franzosi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Serge Masson
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Carlo M Cipolla
- Department of Cardiology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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45
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Mastaglio S, Ruggeri A, Risitano AM, Angelillo P, Yancopoulou D, Mastellos DC, Huber-Lang M, Piemontese S, Assanelli A, Garlanda C, Lambris JD, Ciceri F. The first case of COVID-19 treated with the complement C3 inhibitor AMY-101. Clin Immunol 2020; 215:108450. [PMID: 32360516 PMCID: PMC7189192 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical manifestation of COVID-19 pneumonia and is mainly based on an immune-driven pathology. Mounting evidence suggests that COVID-19 is fueled by a maladaptive host inflammatory response that involves excessive activation of innate immune pathways. While a “cytokine storm” involving IL-6 and other cytokines has been documented, complement C3 activation has been implicated as an initial effector mechanism that exacerbates lung injury in preclinical models of SARS-CoV infection. C3-targeted intervention may provide broader therapeutic control of complement-mediated inflammatory damage in COVID-19 patients. Herein, we report the clinical course of a patient with severe ARDS due to COVID-19 pneumonia who was safely and successfully treated with the compstatin-based complement C3 inhibitor AMY-101.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mastaglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Ruggeri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio M Risitano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Piera Angelillo
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Dimitrios C Mastellos
- National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simona Piemontese
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Assanelli
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy; Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; University Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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46
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Parente R, Doni A, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Inforzato A. The complement system in Aspergillus fumigatus infections and its crosstalk with pentraxins. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:2480-2501. [PMID: 31994174 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a life-threatening infection mostly affecting immunocompromised individuals and primarily caused by the saprophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. At the host-pathogen interface, both cellular and humoral components of the innate immune system are increasingly acknowledged as essential players in the recognition and disposal of this opportunistic mold. Fundamental hereof is the contribution of the complement system, which deploys all three activation pathways in the battle against A. fumigatus, and functionally cooperates with other soluble pattern recognition molecules, including pentraxins. In particular, preclinical and clinical observations point to the long pentraxin PTX3 as a nonredundant and complement-dependent effector with protective functions against A. fumigatus. Based on past and current literature, here we discuss how the complement participates in the immune response to this fungal pathogen, and illustrate its crosstalk with the pentraxins, with a focus on PTX3. Emphasis is placed on the molecular mechanisms underlying such processes, the genetic evidence from human epidemiology, and the translational potential of the currently available knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Parente
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Doni
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Inforzato
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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47
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Abstract
Sexual dimorphisms account for differences in clinical manifestations or incidence of infectious or autoimmune diseases and malignancy between females and males. Females develop enhanced innate and adaptive immune responses than males and are less susceptible to many infections of bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal origin and malignancies but in contrast, they are more prone to develop autoimmune diseases. The higher susceptibility to infections in males is observed from birth to adulthood, suggesting that sex chromosomes and not sex hormones have a major role in sexual dimorphism in innate immunity. Sex-based regulation of immune responses ultimately contributes to age-related disease development and life expectancy. Differences between males and females have been described in the expression of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune response and in the functional responses of phagocytes and antigen presenting cells. Different factors have been shown to account for the sex-based disparity in immune responses, including genetic factors and hormonal mediators, which contribute independently to dimorphism in the innate immune response. For instance, several genes encoding for innate immune molecules are located on the X chromosome. In addition, estrogen and/or testosterone have been reported to modulate the differentiation, maturation, lifespan, and effector functions of innate immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells. In this review, we will focus on differences between males and females in innate immunity, which represents the first line of defense against pathogens and plays a fundamental role in the activation, regulation, and orientation of the adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Jaillon
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy. .,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Kevin Berthenet
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy. .,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
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48
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Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Teixeira MM. Editorial: The Role of Pentraxins: From Inflammation, Tissue Repair and Immunity to Biomarkers. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2817. [PMID: 31849985 PMCID: PMC6901624 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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49
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Moregola A, Bonacina F, Baragetti A, Porte R, Sironi M, Grigore L, Pellegatta F, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Catapano A, Norata G. Pentraxin 3 Plays A Key Role In The Immunomodulation Of Diet Induced-Obesity In Mice. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Ponzetta A, Carriero R, Carnevale S, Barbagallo M, Molgora M, Perucchini C, Magrini E, Gianni F, Kunderfranco P, Polentarutti N, Pasqualini F, Di Marco S, Supino D, Peano C, Cananzi F, Colombo P, Pilotti S, Alomar SY, Bonavita E, Galdiero MR, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Jaillon S. Neutrophils Driving Unconventional T Cells Mediate Resistance against Murine Sarcomas and Selected Human Tumors. Cell 2019; 178:346-360.e24. [PMID: 31257026 PMCID: PMC6630709 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are a component of the tumor microenvironment and have been predominantly associated with cancer progression. Using a genetic approach complemented by adoptive transfer, we found that neutrophils are essential for resistance against primary 3-methylcholantrene-induced carcinogenesis. Neutrophils were essential for the activation of an interferon-γ-dependent pathway of immune resistance, associated with polarization of a subset of CD4- CD8- unconventional αβ T cells (UTCαβ). Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses unveiled the innate-like features and diversity of UTCαβ associated with neutrophil-dependent anti-sarcoma immunity. In selected human tumors, including undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, CSF3R expression, a neutrophil signature and neutrophil infiltration were associated with a type 1 immune response and better clinical outcome. Thus, neutrophils driving UTCαβ polarization and type 1 immunity are essential for resistance against murine sarcomas and selected human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ponzetta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | | | - Martina Molgora
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | | | - Elena Magrini
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Francesca Gianni
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Nadia Polentarutti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Fabio Pasqualini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Sabrina Di Marco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Domenico Supino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Clelia Peano
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Cananzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; Surgical Oncology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Silvana Pilotti
- Pathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Suliman Yousef Alomar
- Zoology Department College of Science, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eduardo Bonavita
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park SK10 4GT, UK
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Sebastien Jaillon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Italy.
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