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Lin CN, Ho CC, Hsieh PC, Hsiao CH, Nfor ON, Liaw YP. Polymorphism rs3733591 of the SLC2A9 gene and metabolic syndrome affect gout risk in Taiwan Biobank subjects. Front Genet 2024; 15:1374405. [PMID: 38689651 PMCID: PMC11058208 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1374405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Over the past few decades, gout and diseases like metabolic syndrome (MetS) have become more prevalent. Attempts have been made in Taiwan to identify the genes responsible for gout. A few gene loci, among them SLC2A9, have been identified using Taiwan Biobank (TWB) data. We, therefore, examined whether MetS could also account for the association between polymorphism SLC2A9 rs3733591 and gout. Methods The final analysis consisted of 73,558 subjects, of whom 2,709 had gout. To estimate the likelihood of gout occurrence based on rs3733591 and MetS, we used logistic regression models. Results Rs3733591-TC + CC compared to TT genotype was associated with gout (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.25). Also associated with gout was MetS (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.10-1.33). A significant interaction was seen between rs3733591 and MetS (p-value = 0.039). Using rs3733591-TT/no MetS as the reference group, the ORs (95% CI) for gout was 1.24 (1.11-1.38) for TC + CC/no MetS, 1.35 (1.17-1.56) for TT/MetS, and 1.39 (1.22-1.58) for TC + CC/MetS. However, subgroup analysis defined by sex showed no significant associations in women. Conclusion In summary, metabolic syndrome and SLC2A9 rs3733591 genotypes were interactively associated with gout in Taiwanese men, but not women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Nan Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chun Hsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsiao
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin CN, Roan J. Identifying the development stages of virtual teams – An application of social network analysis. ITP 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/itp-04-2020-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore some quantitative indicators from the social network analysis, observe the variations of these indicators over time and determine whether these indicators fit into the traditional team development stages model or theory. The primary focus is on the perspective of social interaction rather than the suitability of the indicator, i.e. the authors will not determine the optimal indicators nor compare the performance of different indicators. This study aims to propose a quantitative method to identify the development stages of virtual teams.Design/methodology/approachTwo phases were designed in this study. The first phase was a simple study to prove the preliminary ideas and explore which quantitative indicators would be suitable for analysis. In total, 16 undergraduates were randomly assigned to two virtual teams. They were required to complete an information system (IS) project through virtual teamwork and use information and communications technologies (ICTs) to communicate with each other. After proving the preliminary ideas, the authors collected communication data of the 30 virtual teams working on IS projects in the second phase. The total duration of this process was two months.FindingsThe findings practically identified three stages, which were found to be consistent with that of the previous qualitative studies. In the initial (inclusion) stage, intensity had an upward trend. In the second (control) stage, centralization had an upward trend. In the final (affection) stage, intensity and density had upward trends and centralization had a downward trend. Both density and centralization also became smooth in this final stage. The conclusion can serve as a basis for further studies in virtual team development.Originality/valueA successful virtual team will help industries to reduce their costs and increase performance and benefits. The findings will help industries quickly and objectively identify which stage they are at. This quantified approach will provide managers and leaders with a simple, useful way to highlight the needs for managing different aspects of team behavior at each stage of development. After establishing this approach, managers and leaders will be able to make plans to improve existing processes, set priorities, provide suitable principles and guidelines, etc., and eventually improve virtual team performance.
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Chang CP, Hsiao CT, Wang CH, Chen KH, Chen IC, Lin CN, Hsiao KY. Hyperglycemia as a positive predictor of mortality in major trauma. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1024907920911254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hyperglycemia in the acute phase after trauma is a stress response and a metabolic reflection in humans with injury, which could adversely affect outcome in trauma patients. In this study, we attempted to identify if hyperglycemia a reliable predictor for mortality in major trauma patients. Objectives: In order to identify if hyperglycemia a reliable predictor for mortality in major trauma, we designed and proformed a prospective observational study in a tertiary hospital. Method: We performed a prospective observational study to review the records of 601 patients with major trauma (injury severity scores >15) who visited our hospital’s emergency department from August 2012 to July 2015. Logistic regression was performed to assess the effect of hyperglycemia on mortality. Result: Major trauma patients in the hyperglycemia group had low systolic/diastolic blood pressure at triage, low initial Glasgow Coma Scale score, high incidence of hypotension episodes, coagulopathy, acidosis, and anemia. Hyperglycemia was significantly correlated with mortality in major trauma patients in this study (odds ratio: 1.97, 95% confidence interval: 1.04–3.74). Conclusion: In major trauma patients with injury severity scores >15, hyperglycemia has a positive correlation with mortality, which could be a predictor of mortality in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Peng Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Cheng-Ting Hsiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Kai-Hua Chen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - I-Chuan Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
| | - Chun-Nan Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Kuang-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- The Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung
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Lin CN, Hsiao CT, Chang CP, Huang TY, Hsiao KY, Chen YC, Fann WC. The Relationship Between Fluid Accumulation in Ultrasonography and the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Patients with Necrotizing Fasciitis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2019; 45:1545-1550. [PMID: 31031033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe soft-tissue infection with a high mortality rate. There is little literature on the relationship between the ultrasonographic finding of fluid accumulation along the deep fascia and the diagnosis and prognosis of necrotizing fasciitis. This retrospective study showed that when fluid accumulation was present along the deep fascia, patients with clinically suspected necrotizing fasciitis had a higher probability of having necrotizing fasciitis. The ultrasonographic finding of fluid accumulation with a cutoff point of more than 2 mm of depth had the best accuracy (72.7%) for diagnosing necrotizing fasciitis. In regard to the prognosis of necrotizing fasciitis, when fluid accumulation was present along the deep fascia, patients with necrotizing fasciitis had a longer length of hospital stay and were at risk of amputation or mortality. Ultrasonography is a point-of-care imaging tool that facilitates the diagnosis and prognosis of necrotizing fasciitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Nan Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ting Hsiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Peng Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chuan Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Fann
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Chang CP, Fann WC, Wu SR, Lin CN, Hsiao CT. Lactate on emergency department arrival as a predictor of in-hospital mortality in necrotizing fasciitis: a retrospective study. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:73. [PMID: 30841912 PMCID: PMC6402084 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperlactatemia is known to be associated with adverse outcome in critical illness. In this study, we attempted to identify if hyperlactatemia on emergency department (ED) arrival is a reliable predictor for in-hospital mortality in necrotizing fasciitis (NF) patients. Method A prospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with NF was conducted in two tertiary teaching hospitals in Taiwan between March 2010 and March 2018. Blood samples were collected in the ED upon arrival, and the lactate levels were determined. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores were calculated during the first 24 h after admission. All collected data were statistically analyzed. Result Of the 707 NF patients, 40 (5.66%) died in the hospital. The median (interquartile range) blood lactate level in all NF patients was 3.6 mmol/l (2.2–4.8). The blood lactate level upon ED arrival was significantly associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–1.46; P < 0.001), even after adjustment for age and SOFA score (OR = 1.27; P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that a high blood lactate level (OR = 1.17; 95% CI, 1.07–1.29; P = 0.001) and a high SOFA score (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.11–1.20; P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in NF. Blood lactate achieved an area under-the-receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.79 (P < 0.001) for predicting mortality that was similar to that of SOFA score (AUC = 0.82; P < 0.001). Blood lactate displayed a sensitivity of 62% and a specificity of 86% in predicting mortality at the optimal cutoff value of 5.80 mmol/l. Conclusion In necrotizing fasciitis patients, hyperlactatemia on ED arrival is independently associated with in-hospital mortality. NF patients with hyperlactatemia on ED arrival should be closely monitored for signs of deterioration and consider early and aggressive intervention to prevent mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Peng Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.6, Sec. W., Jiapu Rd., Puzi City, Chiayi County, 613, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chih Fann
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.6, Sec. W., Jiapu Rd., Puzi City, Chiayi County, 613, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ruei Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.6, Sec. W., Jiapu Rd., Puzi City, Chiayi County, 613, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ting Hsiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.6, Sec. W., Jiapu Rd., Puzi City, Chiayi County, 613, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Liaw CC, Chang JL, Wang BW, Chen PL, Weng JR, Lin KW, Lin CN. Discovering a Racemate Polycyclic Prenylated Acylphloroglucinol with Unprecedented Skeleton by an ESI-LCMS Analytical Approach. Org Lett 2019; 21:857-861. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Lin Chang
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung 40306, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Wei Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Chen
- Instrumentation Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Lin
- Faculty of Fragrance and Cosmetics, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Chang CP, Wu SR, Lin CN. No better outcome of using antibiotic broadly in hospitalized adult patients with leukocytosis in emergency department. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1024907918815397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Leukocytosis is a common laboratory finding in emergency departments worldwide. Various infectious diseases are common causes of leukocytosis in hospitalized adult patients. Most emergency physicians have a high awareness of sepsis or severe infection, which requires empirical antibiotics. However, there are many other etiologies for leukocytosis. The outcome of prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics in the emergency department for leukocytosis patients is not well-understood. Objectives: Our objectives were to determine whether prescribing antibiotics in the emergency department affect outcome for hospitalized adult patients with leukocytosis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of hospitalized adult emergency department patients with leukocytosis was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Taiwan between June 2016 and June 2017. Patients with leukocytosis (white blood cell count >11,000 cells per μL) who were admitted via the emergency department at the Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, from June 2016 to June 2017 were enrolled. Patients aged ⩽18 years, pregnant women, those who received prophylactic antibiotics prior to operation, and those with a final diagnosis of hematologic malignancy were excluded from this study. The primary outcome measure was hospital stay, and the secondary outcome measure was mortality. All collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 8054 hospitalized adult patients with leukocytosis were included (the exclusion criteria included patients aged ⩽18 years, pregnant women, those who received prophylactic antibiotics prior to surgery, and those with a final diagnosis of hematologic malignancy); all patients were admitted via the emergency department. In all, 4486 patients received initial antibiotic treatment in the emergency department, whereas 3568 patients did not receive antibiotics in the emergency department and ward/intensive care unit within 3 days. There was no statistically significant difference in hospital days (p = 0.239) or mortality (p = 0.345) between those who received and did not receive antibiotics in the emergency department. Conclusion: Hospitalized adult patients with leukocytosis did not necessarily require antibiotics in the emergency department except when they had a differential diagnosis that requires antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Peng Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City
| | - Shu-Ruei Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Chun-Nan Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City
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Teng CM, Lin CH, Lin CN, Chung ML, Huang TF. Frangulin B, an Antagonist of Collagen-Induced Platelet Aggregation and Adhesion, Isolated from Rhamnus formosana. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryEmodin and its glycoside frangulin B were isolated from the plant Rhamnus formosana. Emodin inhibited the aggregation of rabbit platelets induced by arachidonic acid and collagen, without affecting that by ADP or PAF, while emodin acetate had no any antiplatelet effect. Frangulin B inhibited selectively and concentration-dependently collagen-induced aggregation and ATP release in rabbit platelets, without affecting those induced by arachidonic acid, ADP, PAF and thrombin. Frangulin B also inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by trimucytin which was reported to be a collagen receptor agonist isolated from Trimeresurus muscrosquamatus snake venom. The aggregability of platelets inhibited by frangulin B could be recovered after washing the platelets. Frangulin B also selectively suppressed the thromboxane B2 formation caused by collagen, but not those by arachidonic acid and thrombin. Similarly, the formation of inositol phosphate caused by collagen was also suppressed by frangulin B, while that of PAF or thrombin was not affected. In the presence of PGE1, frangulin B also decreased Mg2+-dependent platelet adhesion to collagen. It is concluded that frangulin B may be an antagonist of collagen receptor in platelet membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Ming Teng
- The Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Chien-Huang Lin
- The Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Chun-Nan Lin
- Natural Products Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical College, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-lng Chung
- Natural Products Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical College, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tur-Fu Huang
- The Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Lin CN, Wu JH, Roan J. The growth stage model of quality information systems – an example of manmade fibre industry. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14783363.2017.1347036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Nan Lin
- Department of Distribution Management, Shu-Te University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Jiunn-Han Wu
- Department of Information Management, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-yi, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Jinsheng Roan
- Department of Information Management, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-yi, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
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Wu TS, Chen YW, Weng SC, Lin CN, Lai CH, Huang YJ, Jeng HT, Chang SL, Soo YL. Dramatic band gap reduction incurred by dopant coordination rearrangement in Co-doped nanocrystals of CeO 2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4715. [PMID: 28680089 PMCID: PMC5498595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A dramatic band gap narrowing of 1.61 eV has been observed in Co-doped nanocrystals of CeO2 (ceria), as a result of thermal annealing, without changing the ceria crystal structure and the Co concentration. As demonstrated by x-ray absorption fine structures, thermal annealing incurs an oxygen coordination rearrangement around Co atoms from an octahedral coordination to a square-planar coordination. First principle calculation using density functional theory reveals two stable oxygen coordination types surrounding Co, consistent with the experimental observation. The band gap values calculated for the two stable coordination types differ dramatically, reproducing the experimentally observed band gap narrowing. These prominent effects due to local structure rearrangement around dopant atoms can lead to unprecedented methods for band gap engineering in doped nanocrystal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Wu
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Y W Chen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - S C Weng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - C N Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - C H Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Y J Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - H T Jeng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S L Chang
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Y L Soo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Won SJ, Yen CH, Hsieh HW, Chang SW, Lin CN, Huang CYF, Su CL. Using connectivity map to identify natural lignan justicidin A as a NF-κB suppressor. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between social networking sites (SNSs) users’ switching intentions and switching behavior. With regard to the former, the authors focus on three factors (perceived value, trust, and perceived risk), and investigate whether and to what extent habit moderates the relationship between SNS-switching intention and actual switching behavior.
Design/methodology/approach
Data collection for this study was carried out using an anonymous survey. The questionnaire was devised based on the literature review. It consisted of a total of 34 items, all of which used the seven-point Likert scale, and was divided into nine sections. Data collection lasted for approximately three months from March to May 2015. Data analysis used SPSS and SmartPLS statistical software packages. First, the descriptive statistics were computed. Next, reliability as a measure of internal consistency was calculated. Then, the relations between all factors were explored.
Findings
Before they switch, users usually evaluate the perceived values and risks of the SNSs they might join, as well as establish the degrees of trust with respect to those networks. Hence, this study is potentially useful to SNS providers planning their business strategies, and/or seeking to optimize their services based on a detailed understanding of the concerns of users and potential users.
Originality/value
This study is of considerable importance to the future development of research on switching intention behavior theory and practice, adding to the body of work on specific frameworks that explain the SNS-switching intention and behavior. The main theoretical implication is that the epistemic value component of the perceived value may not significantly affect switching intentions, at least in the SNS context. In addition, the results regarding the moderating effects of habits are a useful confirmation, in the SNS context, of the findings of a small but important body of prior studies.
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Huang CH, Li HJ, Wu NL, Hsiao CY, Lin CN, Chang HH, Hung CF. Photoprotective Effects of Cycloheterophyllin against UVA-Induced Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161767. [PMID: 27583973 PMCID: PMC5008741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly ultraviolet A (UVA), is known to play a major role in photoaging of the human skin. Many studies have demonstrated that UV exposure causes the skin cells to generate reactive oxygen species and activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Previous studies have also demonstrated that cycloheterophyllin has an antioxidant effect and can effectively scavenge free radicals. Extending the aforementioned investigations, in this study, human dermal fibroblasts were used to investigate the protective effect of cycloheterophyllin against UV-induced damage. We found that cycloheterophyllin not only significantly increased cell viability, but also attenuated the phosphorylation of MAPK after UVA exposure. Furthermore, cycloheterophyllin could reduce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation and down-regulate H2O2-induced MAPK phosphorylation. In the in vivo studies, the topical application of cycloheterophyllin before UVA irradiation significantly decreased trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), erythema, and blood flow rate. These results indicate that cycloheterophyllin is a photoprotective agent that inhibits UVA-induced oxidative stress and damage, and could be used in the research on and prevention of skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hua Huang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ju Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Lin Wu
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Chang Guang University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Kaoshiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Hsien Chang
- Biomedical Cybernetics Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Won SJ, Lin TY, Yen CH, Tzeng YH, Liu HS, Lin CN, Yu CH, Wu CS, Chen JT, Chen YT, Huang CYF, Su CL. A novel natural tautomeric pair of garcinielliptone FC suppressed nuclear factor κB and induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Lin KW, Maitraie D, Huang AM, Wang JP, Lin CN. Triterpenoids and an alkamide from Ganoderma tsugae. Fitoterapia 2015; 108:73-80. [PMID: 26598137 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma tsugae is a medicinal mushroom. In a continual study on the bioactive constituents of this fungus, a new lanostanoid, 3β-acetoxy-16α-hydroxy-24ξ-methyl-5α-lanosta-8,25-dien-21-oic acid, named tsugaric acid F (1) and a novel palmitamide, N-(3'α,4'β-dihydroxy-2'β-(hydroxymethyl)-1'β-(cyclobutyl)palmitamide (2) were isolated and characterized from the fruit bodies of G. tsugae, and three novel seco-lanostanoids, 3,4-seco-8α,9α-epoxy-5α-lanosta-21-oic acid 3,4 lactone (5), 3,4-seco-5β-lanosta-7,9(11),4(29)-trien-3,21-dioic acid-3-methyl ester (6), 3,4-seco-5β-lanosta-7,9(11),4(29)-trien-3,21-dioic acid (7), and a known compound, 3-oxo-5α-lanosta-8-en-21-oic acid (4) were prepared from 3. The structures of new compounds, 1, 2, 5-7 were determined by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 4 showed inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (XO) with an IC50 values of 313.3 ± 80.0 and 43.9 ± 29.9 μM, respectively when 7 exhibited potent inhibitory effect on superoxide anion generation in rat neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)/cytochalasin B (CB) with an IC50 values of 1.3 ± 0.2 μM. Compounds 4-7 showed weak cytotoxic activities against PC3 cells. These results indicated that 4 and 7 may be used as cancer chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Dravidum Maitraie
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - A-Mei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Pyang Wang
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Lin
- Faculty of Fragrance and Cosmetics, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Won SJ, Yen CH, Liu HS, Wu SY, Lan SH, Jiang-Shieh YF, Lin CN, Su CL. Justicidin A-induced autophagy flux enhances apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells via class III PI3K and Atg5 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:930-46. [PMID: 25216025 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous reports showed that justicidin A (JA), a novel and pure arylnaphthalide lignan isolated from Justicia procumbens, induces apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells and hepatocellular carcinoma cells, leading to the suppression of both tumor cell growth in NOD-SCID mice. Here, we reveal that JA induces autophagy in human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells by conversion of autophagic marker LC3-I to LC3-II. Furthermore, LC3 puncta and autophagic vesicle formation, and SQSTM1/p62 suppression were observed. Administration of autophagy inhibitor (bafilomycin A1 and chloroquine) and transfection of a tandem fluorescent-tagged LC3 (mRFP-GFP) reporter plasmid (ptfLC3) demonstrated that JA induces autophagy flux in HT-29 cells. Expression of LC3, SQSTM1, Beclin 1, and nuclear DNA double-strand breaks (representing apoptosis) were also detected in the tumor tissue of HT-29 cells transplanted into NOD-SCID mice orally administrated with JA. In addition, the expression of autophagy signaling pathway-related molecules p-PDK1, p-mTOR, p-p70S6k/p-RPS6KB2 was decreased, whereas that of class III PI3K, Beclin 1, Atg5-Atg12, and mitochondrial BNIP3 was increased in response to JA. Pre-treatment of the cells with class III PI3K inhibitor 3-methyladenine or Atg5 shRNA attenuated JA-induced LC3-II expression and LC3 puncta formation, indicating the involvement of class III PI3K and Atg5. A novel mechanism was demonstrated in the anticancer compound JA; pre-treatment with 3-methyladenine or Atg5 shRNA blocked JA-induced suppression in cell growth and colony formation, respectively, via inhibition of apoptosis. In contrast, administration of apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD did not affect JA-induced autophagy. Our data suggest the chemotherapeutic potential of JA for treatment of human colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Jeu Won
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wu CM, Lin KW, Teng CH, Huang AM, Chen YC, Yen MH, Wu WB, Pu YS, Lin CN. Chalcone derivatives inhibit human platelet aggregation and inhibit growth in human bladder cancer cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 37:1191-8. [PMID: 24989010 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to develop potent cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors used as anticancer agent, a series of 2',5'-dimethoxychalcones was screened to evaluate their antiplatelet effect on human washed platelets suspension. Compound 2 exhibited potent inhibition of human washed platelet aggregation induced by collagen, significantly inhibited collagen- and arachidonic acid-induced thromboxane B2 release, and revealed inhibitory effect on COX-1 activity. Molecular docking studies showed that 1, 2, and 4 were bound in the active site of COX-1. These indicated that the antiplatelet effect of these compounds were mainly mediated through the suppression of COX-1 activity and reduced the thromboxane formation. To investigate the mechanistic action of COX-1 inhibitor enhanced the cytotoxic effect against human bladder cancer cells, NTUB1, we assessed the cytotoxic effect of 2 against NTUB1. Treatment of NTUB1 cells with various concentrations of 2 led to a concentration-dependent increase of cell death and decrease of reactive oxygen species levels. The flow-cytometric analysis showed that 2 induced a G1 phase cell cycle arrest but did not accompany an appreciable sub-G1 phase in NTUB1 cells. In addition, compound 2 increased p21 and p27 expressions and did not inhibit the expression of COX-1 in NTUB1 cells. Our results suggested that 2 enhanced cell growth inhibition or antiproliferative activity in NTUB1 cells through G1 arrest by COX-1 independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ming Wu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University
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Lin KW, Huang AM, Lin CC, Chang CC, Hsu WC, Hour TC, Pu YS, Lin CN. Anti-cancer effects of ursane triterpenoid as a single agent and in combination with cisplatin in bladder cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 740:742-51. [PMID: 24933647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid and most of its derivatives are cytotoxic to bladder cancer cells. An ursolic acid derivative, isopropyl 3β-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oat (UA17), previously reported that it exhibited potent cytotoxicity against bladder cancer cells, NTUB1 cells. In this study, we further investigated the underlying mechanism of UA17 and evaluated its potential clinical use. UA17 may exert the onset of a p53-mediated p38 MAPK activation to up-regulate GADD153. GADD153, in turn, down-regulated Bcl-2 protein to cause mitochondrial membrane potential loss and apoptosis through intracellular ROS generation. In addition, UA17 markedly decreased the levels of cyclins (D1 and E), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK2 and CDK4), and caused increase of p21 and p27 levels. To assess the suitability of UA17 as a chemotherapeutic agent against NTUB1 cells, its cytotoxic effects have been further evaluated in the combination with cisplatin. The addition of UA17 to cisplatin induces possibly additive cell growth inhibition which correlated to the accumulation of S phase cells and a corresponding decrease in accumulation of G1 phase cells, accompanied an increased accumulation of sub-G1 phase cells. Furthermore, UA17/cisplatin combination exhibited increase of p21, cyclin E, and p-p53 level, and decrease of p27 and cyclin D1 proteins, and slightly diminishing the level of CDK2. P-p38 up-regulation induced by UA17/cisplatin combination through generation of ROS and Bcl-2 down-regulation induced by UA17/cisplatin combination increased cell death. Finally, the antitumorigenic effects of UA17 or UA17/cisplatin combination were further supported by their inhibition on growth of bladder tumor cells in a therapeutic murine MBT-2 bladder tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Lin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - A-Mei Huang
- Department of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chen Lin
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsiung University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzyh-Chyuan Hour
- Department of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Shiau Pu
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Lin
- Faculty of Fragrance and Cosmetics, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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Lin KW, Lin ZY, Huang AM, Weng JR, Yen MH, Yang SC, Lin CN. Lantabetulic acid derivatives induce G1 arrest and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2013; 347:42-53. [PMID: 24243582 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ten new lantabetulic acid (1) derivatives 2-11 were synthesized and their cytotoxicities against human prostate cancer cells were evaluated. PC3 cells treated with 10 μM 8 exhibited the most potent G1 phase arrest. In addition, 10 μM 8 markedly decreased the levels of cyclin E and cdk2 and caused an increase in the p21 and p27 levels, while 20 μM 8 mainly led to cell death through the apoptotic pathway, which correlated with an increase in reactive oxygen species levels, decreased expression levels of Bcl-2 and caspase-8, the induction of mitochondrial changes, and decreased levels of cytochrome c in mitochondria. The dual action of 8 could provide a new approach for the development of chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Lin
- Faculty of Fragrance and Cosmetics, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Tsai JC, Li SR, Chen LY, Chen PY, Joung JY, Shu CJ, Lo YF, Lin CN, Wang EC. Synthesis of 3-Aryl-2,5-Dihydro-1-Benzoxepines from PhenolviaRing-Closing Metathesis. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200800197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Lin CN, Chang CH, Wu TS. Studies on the Components of FormosaCirsiumSpecies Part II Components ofCirsium ArisanenseKitam. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.197500007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Lu ST, Lin CN, Wu TS. Studies on the Alkaloids of Formosan Corydalis Species: Part III. Alkaloids ofCorydalis TashiroiMakino. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.197200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Lin KW, Chen YT, Yang SC, Wei BL, Hung CF, Lin CN. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory lanostanoids from Ganoderma tsugae. Fitoterapia 2013; 89:231-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Weng JR, Lai IL, Yang HC, Lin CN, Bai LY. Identification of kazinol Q, a natural product from Formosan plants, as an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase. Phytother Res 2013; 28:49-54. [PMID: 23447335 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in the epigenetic regulation of the transcription of a number of cancer-related genes, thereby representing an important target for cancer prevention and treatment. In our search for DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors from Formosan plants, by screening against a library consisting of 12 structurally distinct natural products, we identified kazinol Q {4-[6-(1,1-dimethyl-allyl)-7-hydroxy-chroman-2-yl]-3,6-bis-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-benzene-1,2-diol} as an inhibitor of recombinant DNMT1 with IC50 of 7 μM. The effect of kazinol Q on DNMT inhibition was validated by its ability to reactivate the expression of a DNA methylation-silenced gene, E-cadherin, in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moreover, kazinol Q suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7 breast and LNCaP prostate cancer cells, in part, through apoptosis induction. The role of DNMT1 inhibition in mediating kazinol Q's antiproliferative effect was supported by the protective effect of ectopic expression of DNMT1 on kazinol Q-induced cell death. Molecular modeling analysis suggests that kazinol Q inhibited DNMT activity by competing with cytosine binding, a mechanism similar to that described for (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Relative to EGCG, kazinol Q exhibits several desirable features for drug development, including chemical stability and increased hydrophobicity, and might have therapeutic relevance to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
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Tseng HL, Li CJ, Huang LH, Chen CY, Tsai CH, Lin CN, Hsu HY. Quercetin 3-O-methyl ether protects FL83B cells from copper induced oxidative stress through the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 264:104-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lin KW, Huang AM, Yang SC, Weng JR, Hour TC, Pu YS, Lin CN. Cytotoxic and antioxidant constituents from Garcinia subelliptica. Food Chem 2012; 135:851-9. [PMID: 22868169 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Two new triterpenoids, garcinielliptones Q (1) and S (3), and a new phloroglucinol, garcinielliptone R (2), were isolated from the seed of Garcinia subelliptica. Their structures were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data. Phloroglucinol, garcinielliptone FC (4) from this plant exhibited a significant increase of antiproliferative effect, while 4 combined with cisplatin significantly caused decrease of cell inhibition induced by cisplatin in NTUB1. Exposure of NTUB1 cells to 4 cotreated with cisplatin for significantly decreased the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than that of the total amount generated by 4 and cisplatin. These results suggested that 4 could protect the cisplatin toxicity through reduction of ROS in NTUB1. Phloroglucinols, garcinielliptones, A (5) and F (7), and garsubelline A (6), from this plant, revealed ABTS radical cation scavenging activity and 5 displayed an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase. These finding showed that 5-7 may be used as antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Lin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Liu CW, Lin CN, Jang CS, Ling MP, Tsai JW. Assessing nitrate contamination and its potential health risk to Kinmen residents. Environ Geochem Health 2011; 33:503-514. [PMID: 21107656 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-010-9367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Kinmen is located in the southwest of Mainland China. Groundwater supplies 50% of the domestic water use on the island. Residents of Kinmen drink groundwater over the long term because surface water resources are limited. Nitrate-N pollution is found and distributed primarily in the western part of groundwater aquifer whereas saline groundwater is distributed to the northeastern Kinmen. This work applied the DRASTIC model to construct the vulnerability map of Kinmen groundwater. MT3D was then used to evaluate the contamination potential of nitrate-N. The health risk associated with the ingestion of nitrate-N contaminated groundwater is also assessed. The results from DRASTIC model showed that the upland crop and grass land have high contamination potential, whereas the forest, reservoir and housing land have low contamination potential. The calibrated MT3D model inversely determined the high strength sources (0.09-2.74 kg/m(2)/year) of nitrate contaminant located in the west to the north west area and required 2-5 years travel time to reach the monitoring wells. Simulated results of MT3D also showed that both the continuous and instantaneous contaminant sources of nitrate-N release may cause serious to moderate nitrate contamination in the western Kinmen and jeopardize the domestic use of groundwater. The chronic health hazard quotient (HQ) associated with the potential non-carcinogenic risk of drinking nitrate-N contaminated groundwater showed that the assessed 95th percentile of HQ is 2.74, indicating that exposure to waterborne nitrate poses a potential non-cancer risk to the residents of the island. Corrective measures, including protecting groundwater recharge zones and reducing the number of agricultural and non-agricultural nitrogen sources that enters the aquifer, should be implemented especially in the western part of Kinmen to assure a sustainable use of groundwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wuing Liu
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei.
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Tu HY, Huang AM, Teng CH, Hour TC, Yang SC, Pu YS, Lin CN. Anthraquinone derivatives induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in NTUB1 cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:5670-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Lin KW, Huang AM, Hour TC, Yang SC, Pu YS, Lin CN. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis through reactive oxygen species-mediated p53 activation in NTUB1 cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:4274-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chen HL, Lin KW, Gan KH, Wang JP, Won SJ, Lin CN. New diterpenoids and cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory diterpenoids from Amentotaxus formosana. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:219-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lin CN, Liao BY, Shih ML, Lin JZ, Peng KC. A study of tourist demands on the service quality of leisure industries: Application of kano model. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2011.10701565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chang CF, Pan JF, Lin CN, Wu IL, Wong CH, Lin CH. Rapid characterization of sugar-binding specificity by in-solution proximity binding with photosensitizers. Glycobiology 2011; 21:895-902. [PMID: 21325337 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-surface carbohydrates are known to participate in many important physiological and pathological activities by interacting with their corresponding proteins or receptors. Although several methods have been developed for studying carbohydrate-protein interactions, one major problem originates from the weak bindings of carbohydrates/proteins that are often lost during repeating wash steps. Herein, we established a homogeneous solution carbohydrate array in which polyacrylamide-based glycans are used for offering a multivalent environment. The method requires no wash step and can be carried out in a high-throughput manner. We characterized the carbohydrate-binding specificities of 11 lectins and 7 antibodies, the majority of which displayed the binding patterns in consistence with previous reports. These results demonstrate that our developed solution carbohydrate array provides a useful alternative that is better than or comparable with the current available methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Fa Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Lin KW, Huang AM, Tu HY, Lee LY, Wu CC, Hour TC, Yang SC, Pu YS, Lin CN. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory triterpenoid and phloroglucinol from guttiferaceous plants inhibit growth and induced apoptosis in human NTUB1 cells through a ROS-dependent mechanism. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:407-414. [PMID: 21158429 DOI: 10.1021/jf1041382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A known triterpenoid, β-amyrin (1), and a known and a new phloroglucinol, cohulupone (2) and garcinielliptone P (3), were isolated from the pericarp and heartwood and seed of Garcinia subelliptica, respectively. A new xanthonolignoid, hyperielliptone HF (4), was isolated from the heartwood of Hypericum geminiflorum. The new compounds were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-3 showed an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase (XO). Treatment of NTUB1, a human bladder cancer cell, with 1 or 1 cotreated with cisplatin for 24 h resulted in a decreased viability of cells. Exposure of NTUB1 to 1 or 1 cotreated with cisplatin for 24 h significantly increased the level of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flow cytometric analysis indicated that treatment of NTUB1 with 1 or 1 cotreated with cisplatin led to the cell cycle arrest, accompanied by an increase in the extent of apoptotic cell death in 1 or 1 combined with cisplatin-treated NTUB1 after 24 h. These data suggested that the presentation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in 1 or 1 combined with cisplatin-treated NTUB1 for 24 h was mediated through an increased amount of ROS in cells exposed to 1 or 1 cotreated with cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lin CN, Huang AM, Lin KW, Hour TC, Ko HH, Yang SC, Pu YS. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory terpenoids of Amentotaxus formosana protect cisplatin-induced cell death by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in normal human urothelial and bladder cancer cells. Phytochemistry 2010; 71:2140-2146. [PMID: 20822784 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The diterpenoids (+)-ferruginol (1), ent-kaur-16-en-15-one (2), ent-8(14),15-sandaracopimaradiene-2α,18-diol (3), 8(14),15-sandaracopimaradiene-2α,18,19-triol (4), and (+)-sugiol (5) and the triterpenoids 3β-methoxycycloartan-24(24(1))-ene (6), 3β,23β-dimethoxycycloartan-24(24(1))-ene (7), 3β,23β-dimethoxy-5α-lanosta-24(24(1))-ene (8), and 23(S)-23-methoxy-24-methylenelanosta-8-en-3-one (9), isolated from Amentotaxus formosana, showed inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (XO). Of the compounds tested, compound 5 was a potent inhibitor of XO activity, with an IC(50) value of 6.8±0.4 μM, while displaying weak ABTS radical cation scavenging activity. Treatment of the bladder cancer cell line, NTUB1, with 3-10 μM of compound 5 and 10 μM cisplatin, and immortalized normal human urothelial cell line, SV-HUC1, with 0.3-1 μM and 10-50 μM of compound 5 and 10 μM cisplatin, respectively, resulted in increased viability of cells compared with cytotoxicity induced by cisplatin. Treatment of NTUB1 with 20 μM cisplatin and 10 or 30 μM of compound 5 resulted in decreased ROS production compared with ROS production induced by cisplatin. These results indicate that 10 or 30 μM of compound 5 in NTUB1 cells may mediate through the suppression of XO activity and reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by compound 5 cotreated with 20 μM cisplatin and protection of subsequent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Nan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, San Min District, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Lin CN, Kao CY, Miao CH, Hamaguchi N, Wu HL, Shi GY, Liu YL, High KA, Lin SW. Generation of a novel factor IX with augmented clotting activities in vitro and in vivo. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:1773-83. [PMID: 20492477 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03913.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophilia B is an X-linked inherited disorder caused by the lack of functional factor IX (FIX). Currently, treatment of hemophilia B is performed by intravenous infusion of plasma-derived or recombinant FIX. OBJECTIVE In an effort to reduce factor usage and cost, we investigated the potential use of FIX variants with enhanced specific clotting activity. METHODS Seven recombinant FIX variants using alanine replacement were generated and assayed for their activity in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS One variant containing three substitutions (V86A/E277A/R338A, FIX-Triple) exhibited 13-fold higher specific clotting activity and a 10-fold increased affinity for human FVIIIa compared with FIX-wild-type (FIX-WT) and was thus investigated systematically in vivo. Liver-specific FIX-Triple gene expression following hydrodynamic plasmid delivery revealed a 3.5-fold higher specific clotting activity compared with FIX-WT. Human FIX-Triple and FIX-WT knock-in mice were generated and it was confirmed that FIX-Triple has 7-fold higher specific clotting activity than FIX-WT under normal physiological conditions. Protein infusion of FIX-Triple into hemophilia B mice resulted in greater improvement of hemostasis than that achieved with FIX-WT. Moreover, tail-vein administration of a serotype 8 recombinant Adeno-associated vector (AAV8) expressing either FIX-WT or FIX-Triple in hemophilia B mice demonstrated a 7-fold higher specific clotting activity of FIX-Triple than FIX-WT. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the FIX-Triple variant exhibits significantly enhanced clotting activity relative to FIX-WT due to tighter binding to FVIIIa, as demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, FIX-Triple is a good candidate for further evaluation in protein replacement therapy as well as gene-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen HL, Lin KW, Huang AM, Tu HY, Wei BL, Hour TC, Yen MH, Pu YS, Lin CN. Terpenoids induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis from the stems of Celastrus kusanoi associated with reactive oxygen species. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:3808-3812. [PMID: 20178391 DOI: 10.1021/jf903833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bioguided fractionation of the CHCl(3) extracts obtained from Celastrus kusanoi stems led to isolation of two new terpenoids, 3beta-hydroxy-11,14-oxo-abieta-8,12-diene (1) and 3beta-trans-(3,4-dihydroxycinnamoyloxy)-11alpha-methoxy-12-ursene (2), and four known compounds characterized by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 2 and known triterpenoid erythrodiol (3) exhibited cytotoxic activity against bladder cancer cells (NTUB1) with IC(50) values of 58.2 +/- 2.3, 160.1 +/- 60.9, and 18.3 +/- 0.5 microM, respectively. Exposure of NTUB1 to 3 (5 and 10 microM) for 24 h significantly increased the level of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flow cytometric analysis showed that treatment of NTUB1 with 3 led to the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 accompanied by an increase in the extent of apoptotic cell death after 24 h. These data suggest that the presentation of G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in 3-treated NTUB1 for 24 h was mediated through an increased amount of ROS in cells exposed to 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Chen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Tu HY, Huang AM, Hour TC, Yang SC, Pu YS, Lin CN. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2′,5′-dimethoxychalcone derivatives as microtubule-targeted anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:2089-2098. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Ko HH, Hsieh HK, Liu CT, Lin HC, Teng CM, Lin CN. Structure-activity relationship studies on chalcone derivatives: potent inhibition of platelet aggregation. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 56:1333-7. [PMID: 15482650 DOI: 10.1211/0022357044247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In an effort to develop potent antiplatelet agents with anti-inflammatory action, a novel series of anti-inflammatory chalcones was screened to evaluate their antiplatelet effects. Structure-activity relationships and mode of action were investigated and characterized. The antiplatelet effects of the chalcones on washed rabbit platelets and human platelet-rich plasma were evaluated. Arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation was potently inhibited by almost all the chalcone derivatives. Collagen-induced platelet aggregation was potently inhibited by all the chalcone derivatives at 300 μm, except for compound 4 at 100 μm. Compounds 6, 7 and 9 significantly inhibited the aggregation of washed rabbit platelets induced by platelet-activating factor at 300 μm. Of the compounds tested in human platelet-rich plasma, compounds 2, 8 and 9 showed significant inhibition of secondary aggregation induced by adrenaline. It is concluded that the antiplatelet effect of 2, 8 and 9 is mainly owing to an inhibitory effect on thromboxane formation. The inhibitory effect of 6, 7 and 9 on platelet aggregation induced by platelet-activating factor could be owing to a calcium antagonizing effect or inhibition of intracellular calcium mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horng-Huey Ko
- Faculty of Fragrance and Cosmetics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
In this study, the use of crumb tyres as additives to concrete was investigated. For some time, researchers have been studying the physical properties of concrete to determine why the inclusion of rubber particles causes the concrete to degrade. Several methods have been developed to improve the bonding between rubber particles and cement hydration products (C-S-H) with the hope of creating a product with an improvement in mechanical strength. In this study, the crumb tyres were treated with waste organic sulfur compounds from a petroleum refining factory in order to modify their surface properties. Organic sulfur compounds with amphiphilic properties can enhance the hydrophilic properties of the rubber and increase the intermolecular interaction forces between rubber and C-S-H. In the present study, a colloid probe of C-S-H was prepared to measure these intermolecular interaction forces by utilizing an atomic force microscope. Experimental results showed that rubber particles treated with waste organic sulfur compounds became more hydrophilic. In addition, the intermolecular interaction forces increased with the adsorption of waste organic sulfur compounds on the surface of the rubber particles. The compressive, tensile and flexural strengths of concrete samples that included rubber particles treated with organic sulfur compound also increased significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Hisng Chou
- Department of Civil and Water Resource Engineering, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
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Lin CN, Shih ML, Liao BY, Zhang YF. Research on the relationship among children’s personality traits, learning attitudes and internet addiction. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2009.10701448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Tsai JC, Li SR, Chiang MY, Chen LY, Chen PY, Lo YF, Wang CH, Lin CN, Wang EC. Synthesis of 3-Alkoxymethylcoumarin from 3-Cyanochromene via a Novel Intermediate 2-Phenylimino-3-alkoxymethylchromene. J Org Chem 2009; 74:8798-801. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9015634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Chi Tsai
- Faculty of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Sie-Rong Li
- Faculty of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Michael Y. Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan
| | - Lian-Yeu Chen
- Faculty of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | | | - Yi-Fang Lo
- Faculty of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry
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Tu HY, Huang AM, Wei BL, Gan KH, Hour TC, Yang SC, Pu YS, Lin CN. Ursolic acid derivatives induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in NTUB1 cells associated with reactive oxygen species. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7265-74. [PMID: 19758808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-three ursolic acid (1) derivatives 2-24 including nine new 1 derivatives 5, 7-11, 20-22 were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicities against NTUB1 cells (human bladder cancer cell line). Compounds 5 and 17 with an isopropyl ester moiety at C-17-COOH and a succinyl moiety at C-3-OH showed potent inhibitory effect on growth of NTUB1 cells. Compounds 23 and 24 with seco-structures prepared from 1 also showed the increase of the cytotoxicity against NTUB1 cells. Exposure of NTUB1 to 5 (40 microM) and 23 (20 and 50 microM) for 24h significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) while exposure of NTUB1 to 5 (20 and 40 microM) and 23 (20 and 50 microM) for 48 h also significantly increased the production of ROS while exposure of cells to 17 did not increase the amount of ROS. Flow cytometric analysis exhibited that treatment of NTUB1 with 5 or 17 or 23 led to the cell cycle arrest accompanied by an increase in apoptotic cell death after 24 or 48 h. These data suggest that the presentation of G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in 5- and 23-treated NTUB1 for 24 h mediated through increased amount of ROS in cells exposed with 5 and 23, respectively, while the presence of G2/M arrest before accumulation of cells in sub-G1 phase in 5-treated cells for 48 h also due to increased amount of ROS in cells exposed with 5. The inhibition of tubulin polymerization and cell cycle arrest at G2/M following by apoptosis presented in the cell cycle of 23 also mediates through the increase amount of ROS induced by treating NTUB1 with 23 for 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Yao Tu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Lin KW, Huang AM, Tu HY, Weng JR, Hour TC, Wei BL, Yang SC, Wang JP, Pu YS, Lin CN. Phloroglucinols inhibit chemical mediators and xanthine oxidase, and protect cisplatin-induced cell death by reducing reactive oxygen species in normal human urothelial and bladder cancer cells. J Agric Food Chem 2009; 57:8782-8787. [PMID: 19754119 DOI: 10.1021/jf900935n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phloroglucinols, garcinielliptones HA-HE (1-5), and C (6) were studied in vitro for their inhibitory effects on chemical mediators released from mast cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. Compound 6 revealed significant inhibitory effect on release of lysozyme from rat neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)/cytochalasin B (CB). Compounds 3, 4, and 6 showed significant inhibitory effects on superoxide anion generation in rat neutrophils stimulated with (fMLP)/(CB), while compounds 1 and 5 revealed inhibitory effects on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) formation in macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Compounds 1 and 3-6 showed inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (XO) and could inhibit the DNA breakage caused by O2(-*). Treatment of NTUB1 with 2 to 60 microM compound 3 and 5 microM cisplatin and SV-HUC1 with 9 to 60 microM 3 and 5 microM cisplatin, respectively, resulted in an increase of viability of cells. These results indicated that compounds 1 and 3-6 showed anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant activities. Compound 3 mediates through the suppression of XO activity and reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and protection of subsequent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Lo HM, Huang TF, Lin CN, Peng HC, Wu WB. 2'-Ethoxy-5'-methoxy-2-(5-methylthienyl)chalcone inhibits collagen-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and thromboxane formation during platelet aggregation and adhesion. Pharmacology 2009; 84:145-52. [PMID: 19690443 DOI: 10.1159/000235584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Subendothelial collagen supports platelet adhesion, activation, and thrombus growth at sites of vascular damage. Previous studies have shown that chalcones possess antiplatelet activity, but their mechanism of action is not fully understood. In this study, a recently synthesized chalcone, 2'-ethoxy-5'-methoxy-2-(5-methylthienyl)chalcone (EMMTC), was used to investigate chalcone effects on platelet aggregation and adhesion. We found that EMMTC potently inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation with an IC(50) of 1.01 micromol/l. In contrast, it did not inhibit thrombin- and ADP-induced platelet aggregation. EMMTC could inhibit arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation and collagen- and AA-induced thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) formation, suggesting that cyclooxygenase and/or thromboxane synthase were affected during this process. Moreover, EMMTC suppressed collagen-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation, including phospholipase C-gamma2 (PLC-gamma2), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3K), Src, Fyn and LAT. Strikingly, EMMTC also blocked platelet adhesion to immobilized collagen and convulxin (a snake venom-derived protein that activates platelet glycoprotein VI receptor). The attenuation of phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was observed during adhesion. Taken together, our results presented here demonstrate that the chalcone derivative EMMTC affects collagen-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and TXB(2) formation and functionally blocks collagen-induced platelet aggregation and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ming Lo
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei 24205, Taiwan
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Sun HL, Tsai AC, Pan SL, Ding Q, Yamaguchi H, Lin CN, Hung MC, Teng CM. EPOX inhibits angiogenesis by degradation of Mcl-1 through ERK inactivation. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:4904-14. [PMID: 19622586 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Antiangiogenic therapy is considered as an effective strategy for controlling the growth and metastasis of tumors. Among a myriad of biological activities described for xanthone derivatives, the anticancer activity is quite remarkable, but the molecular mechanism is not clearly resolved. In the present study, we investigated the antiangiogenic mechanism of 3,6-di(2,3-epoxypropoxy)xanthone (EPOX), a novel Mcl-1 targeting drug. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of EPOX, we did cell viability, cell cycle, tube formation assay in vitro, and Matrigel plug assay in vivo. To evaluate the effect of EPOX on the endothelial signaling pathway, we did immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence analysis. Intracellular glutathione levels were determined with the use of monochlorobimane, a glutathione-specific probe. RESULTS EPOX induced endothelial cell apoptosis in association with proteasome-dependent Mcl-1 degradation. Down-regulation of Mcl-1 resulted in an increase in Mcl-1-free Bim, activation of Bax, and then signaling of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Additionally, glutathione depletion and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inactivation was observed in EPOX-treated cells. Glutathione supplementation reversed the inhibitory effects of EPOX on ERK, which increases the phosphorylation of Mcl-1 at T(163.) Overexpression of mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase (MEK) partially reversed the effect of EPOX on Mcl-1 dephosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation, further implicating ERK in the regulation of Mcl-1 stability. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that EPOX induces glutathione depletion, ERK inactivation, and Mcl-1 degradation on endothelial cells, which leads to inhibition of angiogenesis. Our results suggest that EPOX is a novel antiangiogenic agent, making it a promising lead compound for further development in the treatment of angiogenesis-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lung Sun
- Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Su CL, Lin TY, Lin CN, Won SJ. Involvement of caspases and apoptosis-inducing factor in bufotalin-induced apoptosis of Hep 3B cells. J Agric Food Chem 2009; 57:55-61. [PMID: 19055367 DOI: 10.1021/jf802769g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bufotalin is one of the bufadienolides isolated from Formosan Ch'an Su, which is made of the skin and parotid glands of toads. Ingestion of toad venom results in severe morbidity and high mortality. Although Ch'an Su is clinically toxic, it has been used as an important traditional Chinese medicine for heart failure and pains. In this study, bufotalin-induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep 3B cells was investigated. The results indicate that externalization of phosphatidylserine, accumulation of sub-G(1) cells, fragmentation of DNA, and formation of apoptotic bodies were observed in bufotalin-treated Hep 3B cells. The signaling pathway might be via the activation of caspase-8, increase in mitochondrial tBid, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Active caspase-8 might activate caspase-9 and caspase-3 leading to the cleavage of nuclear PARP. Presence of AIF and cleaved PARP in the nuclei might lead to DNA fragmentation. Caspase-8 inhibitor (Z-IETD) or wide-ranging caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD) significantly suppressed the bufotalin-induced apoptosis, while the anti-Fas neutralization antibody had no effect. These data suggest that bufotalin-induced apoptosis in Hep 3B cells might involve caspases and AIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Su
- Department of Nursing, Chang Jung Christian University, Gueiren, Tainan 711, Taiwan
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Lin KW, Fang SC, Hung CF, Shieh BJ, Yang SC, Teng CM, Lin CN. Synthesis, Antiplatelet and Vasorelaxing Activities of Xanthone Derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2009; 342:19-26. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200800002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Wu CC, Yen MH, Yang SC, Lin CN. Phloroglucinols with antioxidant activity and xanthonolignoids from the heartwood of Hypericum geminiflorum. J Nat Prod 2008; 71:1027-1031. [PMID: 18512985 DOI: 10.1021/np8001145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A new phloroglucinol, hyperielliptone HA (1/1a), a new spirophloroglucinol possessing an unprecedented skeleton, hyperielliptone HB (2/2a), and two new xanthonolignoids, hyperielliptones HC (3) and HD (4), were isolated from the heartwood of Hypericum geminiflorum. Compounds 1/1a and 2/2a were obtained as tautomeric pairs. The structures and relative configurations of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. In biological testing, compound 2/ 2a revealed significant inhibition of oxidative DNA damage and an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
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