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Brinkmann A, Pape K, Uddin S, Woelk N, Förster S, Jessen H, Michel J, Kohl C, Schaade L, Nitsche A. Genome sequencing of the mpox virus 2022 outbreak with amplicon-based Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencing. J Virol Methods 2024; 325:114888. [PMID: 38246565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
We present an amplicon-based assay for MinION Nanopore sequencing of mpox virus (MPXV) genomes from clinical specimens, obtaining high-quality results with an average genome coverage of 99% for Ct values of up to 25, and a genome coverage of 97.1% for Ct values from 25 to 30 which are challenging to sequence. This assay is easy to implement in PCR-based workflows and provides accurate genomic data within a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Brinkmann
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katharina Pape
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Steven Uddin
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Woelk
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Förster
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Jessen
- Praxis Jessen and Colleagues, Motzstraße 19, 10777 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Michel
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Schaade
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Grossegesse M, Stern D, Hofmann N, Surtees R, Kohl C, Michel J, Nitsche A. Serological methods for the detection of antibodies against monkeypox virus applicable for laboratories with different biosafety levels. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29261. [PMID: 38054557 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in 2022 has renewed interest in the detection of antibodies against orthopox viruses (OPXV) and MPXV, as serological methods can aid diagnostics and are key to epidemiological studies. Here three complementary serological methods are described with different strengths to aid the development and evaluation of in-house assays: An immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for specific detection of IgG and IgM, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for higher sample throughput to aid epidemiological studies and a neutralization test to detect virus neutralizing antibodies. As implementation of MPXV-specific diagnostics is often hampered by the requirement for a dedicated biosafety level 3 laboratory (BSL-3), the focus of this study is on biosafety aspects to facilitate safe testing also under BSL-2 conditions. To this aim, it was analyzed whether OPXV, which can be handled under BSL-2 conditions, could be used as less virulent alternatives to MPXV. Furthermore, an inactivation method was established to remove up to five log-steps of infectious virus particles from viraemic sera without compromising antibody detection. The results show that immunological cross-reactivity between OPXV provides an opportunity for the interchangeable usage of different OPXV species in serological assays, enabling MPXV serology outside of BSL-3 facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Grossegesse
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens: Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Stern
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens: Biological Toxins (ZBS 3), Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalie Hofmann
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens: Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Berlin, Germany
| | - Rebecca Surtees
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens: Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens: Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Michel
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens: Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens: Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Berlin, Germany
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Vidovszky MZ, Kapitány S, Gellért Á, Harrach B, Görföl T, Boldogh SA, Kohl C, Wibbelt G, Mühldorfer K, Kemenesi G, Gembu GC, Hassanin A, Tu VT, Estók P, Horváth A, Kaján GL. Detection and genetic characterization of circoviruses in more than 80 bat species from eight countries on four continents. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1561-1573. [PMID: 37002455 PMCID: PMC10066014 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Several bat-associated circoviruses and circular rep-encoding single-stranded DNA (CRESS DNA) viruses have been described, but the exact diversity and host species of these viruses are often unknown. Our goal was to describe the diversity of bat-associated circoviruses and cirliviruses, thus, 424 bat samples from more than 80 species were collected on four continents. The samples were screened for circoviruses using PCR and the resulting amino acid sequences were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The majority of bat strains were classified in the genus Circovirus and some strains in the genus Cyclovirus and the clades CRESS1 and CRESS3. Some strains, however, could only be classified at the taxonomic level of the order and were not classified in any of the accepted or proposed clades. In the family Circoviridae, 71 new species have been predicted. This screening of bat samples revealed a great diversity of circoviruses and cirliviruses. These studies underline the importance of the discovery and description of new cirliviruses and the need to establish new species and families in the order Cirlivirales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ákos Gellért
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Görföl
- National Laboratory of Virology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gudrun Wibbelt
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Mühldorfer
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gábor Kemenesi
- National Laboratory of Virology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Guy-Crispin Gembu
- Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Alexandre Hassanin
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, UA, Paris, France
| | - Vuong Tan Tu
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Péter Estók
- Department of Zoology, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Eger, Hungary
| | - Anna Horváth
- QUIRÓN, Center for Equine Assisted Interventions and Training for Well-Being and Sustainability, Comitán de Domínguez, Mexico
| | - Győző L. Kaján
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
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Muzeniek T, Perera T, Siriwardana S, Bas D, Bayram F, Öruc M, Becker-Ziaja B, Perera I, Weerasena J, Handunnetti S, Schwarz F, Premawansa G, Premawansa S, Yapa W, Nitsche A, Kohl C. Comparative virome analysis of individual shedding routes of Miniopterus phillipsi bats inhabiting the Wavul Galge cave, Sri Lanka. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12859. [PMID: 37553373 PMCID: PMC10409741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bats are described as the natural reservoir host for a wide range of viruses. Although an increasing number of bat-associated, potentially human pathogenic viruses were discovered in the past, the full picture of the bat viromes is not explored yet. In this study, the virome composition of Miniopterus phillipsi bats (formerly known as Miniopterus fuliginosus bats in Sri Lanka) inhabiting the Wavul Galge cave, Sri Lanka, was analyzed. To assess different possible excretion routes, oral swabs, feces and urine were collected and analyzed individually by using metagenomic NGS. The data obtained was further evaluated by using phylogenetic reconstructions, whereby a special focus was set on RNA viruses that are typically associated with bats. Two different alphacoronavirus strains were detected in feces and urine samples. Furthermore, a paramyxovirus was detected in urine samples. Sequences related to Picornaviridae, Iflaviridae, unclassified Riboviria and Astroviridae were identified in feces samples and further sequences related to Astroviridae in urine samples. No viruses were detected in oral swab samples. The comparative virome analysis in this study revealed a diversity in the virome composition between the collected sample types which also represent different potential shedding routes for the detected viruses. At the same time, several novel viruses represent first reports of these pathogens from bats in Sri Lanka. The detection of two different coronaviruses in the samples indicates the potential general persistence of this virus species in M. phillipsi bats. Based on phylogenetics, the identified viruses are closely related to bat-associated viruses with comparably low estimation of human pathogenic potential. In further studies, the seasonal variation of the virome will be analyzed to identify possible shedding patterns for particular viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Muzeniek
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thejanee Perera
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Sahan Siriwardana
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Dilara Bas
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fatimanur Bayram
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mizgin Öruc
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Becker-Ziaja
- Centre for International Health Protection, Public Health Laboratory Support (ZIG 4), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inoka Perera
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Jagathpriya Weerasena
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Shiroma Handunnetti
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Franziska Schwarz
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sunil Premawansa
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Wipula Yapa
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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5
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Brinkmann A, Kohl C, Pape K, Bourquain D, Thürmer A, Michel J, Schaade L, Nitsche A. Extensive ITR expansion of the 2022 Mpox virus genome through gene duplication and gene loss. Virus Genes 2023:10.1007/s11262-023-02002-1. [PMID: 37256469 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-02002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Poxviruses are known to evolve slower than RNA viruses with only 1-2 mutations/genome/year. Rather than single mutations, rearrangements such as gene gain and loss, which have been discussed as a possible driver for host adaption, were described in poxviruses. In 2022 and 2023 the world is being challenged by the largest global outbreak so far of Mpox virus, and the virus seems to have established itself in the human community for an extended period of time. Here, we report five Mpox virus genomes from Germany with extensive gene duplication and loss, leading to the expansion of the ITR regions from 6400 to up to 24,600 bp. We describe duplications of up to 18,200 bp to the opposed genome end, and deletions at the site of insertion of up to 16,900 bp. Deletions and duplications of genes with functions of supposed immune modulation, virulence and host adaption as B19R, B21R, B22R and D10L are described. In summary, we highlight the need for monitoring rearrangements of the Mpox virus genome rather than for monitoring single mutations only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Brinkmann
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Highly Pathogenic Viruses, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Highly Pathogenic Viruses, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Pape
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Highly Pathogenic Viruses, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Bourquain
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Highly Pathogenic Viruses, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Thürmer
- Genome Sequencing and Genomic Epidemiology, Methodology and Research Infrastructure, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Michel
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Highly Pathogenic Viruses, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Schaade
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Highly Pathogenic Viruses, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Highly Pathogenic Viruses, German Consultant Laboratory for Poxviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
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6
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Stoliaroff-Pepin A, Peine C, Herath T, Lachmann J, Perriat D, Dörre A, Nitsche A, Michel J, Grossegesse M, Hofmann N, Rinner T, Kohl C, Brinkmann A, Meyer T, Dorner BG, Stern D, Treindl F, Hein S, Werel L, Hildt E, Gläser S, Schühlen H, Isner C, Peric A, Ghouzi A, Reichardt A, Janneck M, Lock G, Schaade L, Wichmann O, Harder T. Effectiveness of vaccines in preventing hospitalization due to COVID-19: A multicenter hospital-based case-control study, Germany, June 2021 to January 2022. Vaccine 2023; 41:290-293. [PMID: 36509640 PMCID: PMC9715487 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We included 852 patients in a prospectively recruiting multicenter matched case-control study in Germany to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing COVID-19-associated hospitalization during the Delta-variant dominance. The two-dose VE was 89 % (95 % CI 84-93 %) overall, 79 % in patients with more than two comorbidities and 77 % in adults aged 60-75 years. A third dose increased the VE to more than 93 % in all patient-subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stoliaroff-Pepin
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Germany.
| | - Caroline Peine
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Germany.
| | - Tim Herath
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Johannes Lachmann
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Delphine Perriat
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Achim Dörre
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS1 Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Janine Michel
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS1 Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Marica Grossegesse
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS1 Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Natalie Hofmann
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS1 Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Thomas Rinner
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS1 Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS1 Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Annika Brinkmann
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS1 Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Tanja Meyer
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS3 Biological Toxins, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Brigitte G Dorner
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS3 Biological Toxins, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Daniel Stern
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS3 Biological Toxins, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Fridolin Treindl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, ZBS3 Biological Toxins, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Sascha Hein
- Division Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Germany
| | - Laura Werel
- Division Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Germany
| | | | - Sven Gläser
- Klinik für Innere Medizin - Pneumologie und Infektiologie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln und Spandau, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Schühlen
- Vivantes Netzwerk für Gesundheit GmbH, Direktorat Klinische Forschung & Akademische Lehre, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caroline Isner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin - Infektiologie, Vivantes Auguste-Viktoria-Klinikum, Rubensstr. 125, 12157 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Peric
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Infektiologie, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Landsberger Allee 49, 10249 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ammar Ghouzi
- Schön Klinik Düsseldorf, Interdisziplinäre Notaufnahme, Am Heerdter Krankenhaus 2, 40549 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annette Reichardt
- Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Janneck
- Klinik für Kardiologie, Sektion Nephrologie, Albertinen Krankenhaus, Süntelstraße 11a, 22457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guntram Lock
- Klinik für Innere Medizin, Albertinen Krankenhaus, Süntelstraße 11a, 22457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Schaade
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Ole Wichmann
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
| | - Thomas Harder
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Immunization Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Germany
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Perera T, Schwarz F, Muzeniek T, Siriwardana S, Becker-Ziaja B, Perera IC, Handunnetti S, Weerasena J, Premawansa G, Premawansa S, Nitsche A, Yapa W, Kohl C. First Complete Cytochrome B Sequences and Molecular Taxonomy of Bat Species from Sri Lanka. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131674. [PMID: 35804573 PMCID: PMC9264896 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first report on the molecular identification and phylogeny of the Rousettus leschenaultii Desmarest, 1810, Rhinolophus rouxii Temminck, 1835, Hipposideros speoris Schneider, 1800, Hipposideros lankadiva Kelaart, 1850, and Miniopterus fuliginosus Kuhl, 1817, bat species in Sri Lanka, inferred from analyses by mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b gene sequences. Recent research has indicated that bats show enormous cryptic genetic diversity. Moreover, even within the same species, the acoustic properties of echolocation calls and morphological features such as fur color could vary in different populations. Therefore, we have used molecular taxonomy for the accurate identification of five bat species recorded in one of the largest cave populations in Sri Lanka. The bats were caught using a hand net, and saliva samples were collected non-invasively from each bat by using a sterile oral swab. Nucleic acids were extracted from the oral swab samples, and mitochondrial DNA was amplified by using primers targeting the mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b gene. This study reports the first molecular evidence for the identification of five bat species in Sri Lanka. Our findings will contribute to future conservation and systematic studies of bats in Sri Lanka. This study will also provide the basis for a genetic database of Sri Lankan bats which will contribute significantly to the investigation of potentially zoonotic bat viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thejanee Perera
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka; (S.H.); (J.W.)
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.C.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +94-7-433-83-46
| | - Franziska Schwarz
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (T.M.); (A.N.); (C.K.)
| | - Therese Muzeniek
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (T.M.); (A.N.); (C.K.)
| | - Sahan Siriwardana
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.C.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Beate Becker-Ziaja
- Centre for International Health Protection, Public Health Laboratory Support (ZIG 4), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Inoka C. Perera
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.C.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Shiroma Handunnetti
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka; (S.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Jagathpriya Weerasena
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka; (S.H.); (J.W.)
| | | | - Sunil Premawansa
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.C.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (T.M.); (A.N.); (C.K.)
| | - Wipula Yapa
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.C.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (T.M.); (A.N.); (C.K.)
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Muzeniek T, Perera T, Siriwardana S, Bas D, Kaplan F, Öruc M, Becker-Ziaja B, Perera I, Weerasena J, Handunnetti S, Schwarz F, Premawansa G, Premawansa S, Yapa W, Nitsche A, Kohl C. Full Genome of batCoV/MinFul/2018/SriLanka, a Novel Alpha-Coronavirus Detected in Miniopterus fuliginosus, Sri Lanka. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020337. [PMID: 35215931 PMCID: PMC8874963 DOI: 10.3390/v14020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoV) are divided into the genera α-CoVs, β-CoVs, γ-CoVs and δ-CoVs. Of these, α-CoVs and β-CoVs are solely capable of causing infections in humans, resulting in mild to severe respiratory symptoms. Bats have been identified as natural reservoir hosts for CoVs belonging to these two genera. Consequently, research on bat populations, CoV prevalence in bats and genetic characterization of bat CoVs is of special interest to investigate the potential transmission risks. We present the genome sequence of a novel α-CoV strain detected in rectal swab samples of Miniopterus fuliginosus bats from a colony in the Wavul Galge cave (Koslanda, Sri Lanka). The novel strain is highly similar to Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1, an α-CoV located in the subgenus of Minunacoviruses. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed a high identity of the novel strain to other α-CoVs derived from Miniopterus bats, while human-pathogenic α-CoV strains like HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 were more distantly related. Comparison with selected bat-related and human-pathogenic strains of the β-CoV genus showed low identities of ~40%. Analyses of the different genes on nucleotide and amino acid level revealed that the non-structural ORF1a/1b are more conserved among α-CoVs and β-CoVs, while there are higher variations in the structural proteins known to be important for host specificity. The novel strain was named batCoV/MinFul/2018/SriLanka and had a prevalence of 50% (66/130) in rectal swab samples and 58% (61/104) in feces samples that were collected from Miniopterus bats in Wavul Galge cave. Based on the differences between strain batCoV/MinFul/2018/SriLanka and human-pathogenic α-CoVs and β-CoVs, we conclude that there is a rather low transmission risk to humans. Further studies in the Wavul Galge cave and at other locations in Sri Lanka will give more detailed information about the prevalence of this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Muzeniek
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Thejanee Perera
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (T.P.); (J.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Sahan Siriwardana
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Dilara Bas
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Fatimanur Kaplan
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Mizgin Öruc
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Beate Becker-Ziaja
- Centre for International Health Protection, Public Health Laboratory Support (ZIG 4), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Inoka Perera
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Jagathpriya Weerasena
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (T.P.); (J.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Shiroma Handunnetti
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (T.P.); (J.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Franziska Schwarz
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | | | - Sunil Premawansa
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wipula Yapa
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (I.P.); (S.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-301-8754-2144
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9
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Muzeniek T, Perera T, Siriwardana S, Bas D, Kaplan F, Öruc M, Becker-Ziaja B, Schwarz F, Premawansa G, Premawansa S, Perera I, Yapa W, Nitsche A, Kohl C. Detection of Alpha- and Betacoronaviruses in Miniopterus fuliginosus and Rousettus leschenaultii, two species of Sri Lankan Bats. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060650. [PMID: 34203592 PMCID: PMC8232336 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats are known to be potential reservoirs of numerous human-pathogenic viruses. They have been identified as natural hosts for coronaviruses, causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in humans. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 interest in the prevalence of coronaviruses in bats was newly raised. In this study we investigated different bat species living in a sympatric colony in the Wavul Galge cave (Koslanda, Sri Lanka). In three field sessions (in 2018 and 2019), 395 bats were captured (Miniopterus, Rousettus, Hipposideros and Rhinolophus spp.) and either rectal swabs or fecal samples were collected. From these overall 396 rectal swab and fecal samples, the screening for coronaviruses with nested PCR resulted in 33 positive samples, 31 of which originated from Miniopterus fuliginosus and two from Rousettus leschenaultii. Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the obtained 384-nt fragment of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase revealed that the examined M. fuliginosus bats excrete alphacoronaviruses and the examined R. leschenaultii bats excrete betacoronaviruses. Despite the sympatric roosting habitat, the coronaviruses showed host specificity and seemed to be limited to one species. Our results represent an important basis to better understand the prevalence of coronaviruses in Sri Lankan bats and may provide a basis for pursuing studies on particular bat species of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Muzeniek
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Thejanee Perera
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka;
| | - Sahan Siriwardana
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Dilara Bas
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Fatimanur Kaplan
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Mizgin Öruc
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Beate Becker-Ziaja
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for International Health Protection, Public Health Laboratory Support (ZIG 4), 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Franziska Schwarz
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | | | - Sunil Premawansa
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Inoka Perera
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wipula Yapa
- IDEA (Identification of Emerging Agents) Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka; (S.S.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (W.Y.)
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS 1), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (D.B.); (F.K.); (M.Ö.); (F.S.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-187-542-144
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Andrusch A, Dabrowski PW, Klenner J, Tausch SH, Kohl C, Osman AA, Renard BY, Nitsche A. PAIPline: pathogen identification in metagenomic and clinical next generation sequencing samples. Bioinformatics 2019; 34:i715-i721. [PMID: 30423069 PMCID: PMC6129269 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation Next generation sequencing (NGS) has provided researchers with a powerful tool to characterize metagenomic and clinical samples in research and diagnostic settings. NGS allows an open view into samples useful for pathogen detection in an unbiased fashion and without prior hypothesis about possible causative agents. However, NGS datasets for pathogen detection come with different obstacles, such as a very unfavorable ratio of pathogen to host reads. Alongside often appearing false positives and irrelevant organisms, such as contaminants, tools are often challenged by samples with low pathogen loads and might not report organisms present below a certain threshold. Furthermore, some metagenomic profiling tools are only focused on one particular set of pathogens, for example bacteria. Results We present PAIPline, a bioinformatics pipeline specifically designed to address problems associated with detecting pathogens in diagnostic samples. PAIPline particularly focuses on userfriendliness and encapsulates all necessary steps from preprocessing to resolution of ambiguous reads and filtering up to visualization in a single tool. In contrast to existing tools, PAIPline is more specific while maintaining sensitivity. This is shown in a comparative evaluation where PAIPline was benchmarked along other well-known metagenomic profiling tools on previously published well-characterized datasets. Additionally, as part of an international cooperation project, PAIPline was applied to an outbreak sample of hemorrhagic fevers of then unknown etiology. The presented results show that PAIPline can serve as a robust, reliable, user-friendly, adaptable and generalizable stand-alone software for diagnostics from NGS samples and as a stepping stone for further downstream analyses. Availability and implementation PAIPline is freely available under https://gitlab.com/rki_bioinformatics/paipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Andrusch
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS1), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jeanette Klenner
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS1), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon H Tausch
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS1), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS1), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Andreas Nitsche
- Highly Pathogenic Viruses (ZBS1), Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Kohl C, Tachedjian M, Todd S, Monaghan P, Boyd V, Marsh GA, Crameri G, Field H, Kurth A, Smith I, Wang LF. Hervey virus: Study on co-circulation with Henipaviruses in Pteropid bats within their distribution range from Australia to Africa. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191933. [PMID: 29390028 PMCID: PMC5794109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2011, an unusually large number of independent Hendra virus outbreaks were recorded on horse properties in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Urine from bat colonies adjacent to the outbreak sites were sampled and screened for Hendra and other viruses. Several novel paramyxoviruses were also isolated at different locations. Here one of the novel viruses, named Hervey virus (HerPV), is fully characterized by genome sequencing, annotation, phylogeny and in vitro host range, and its serological cross-reactivity and neutralization patterns are examined. HerPV may have ecological and spatial and temporal patterns similar to Hendra virus and could serve as a sentinel virus for the surveillance of this highly pathogenic virus. The suitability of HerPV as potential sentinel virus is further assessed by determining the serological prevalence of HerPV antibodies in fruit-eating bats from Australia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Tanzania and the Gulf of Guinea, indicating the presence of similar viruses in regions beyond the Australian border.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kohl
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Seestraße 10, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mary Tachedjian
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shawn Todd
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Monaghan
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victoria Boyd
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn A. Marsh
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary Crameri
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hume Field
- Queensland Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, United States of America
| | - Andreas Kurth
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Seestraße 10, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ina Smith
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (IS); (LFW)
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (IS); (LFW)
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12
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Kohl C, Kurth A. Tissue-Based Universal Virus Detection (TUViD-VM) Protocol for Viral Metagenomics. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1838:15-23. [PMID: 30128986 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8682-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The protocol for tissue-based universal virus detection (TUViD-VM) was developed to allow for the detection of yet unknown viruses from infected tissues. Tissues are a challenging source when it comes to virus detection. The very rapid degradation rate of tissue and the high level of host nucleic acids are the biggest challenges when examining tissues. However, to overcome these challenges, we had to decrease the amount of host nucleic acids rigorously in order to increase the amount of viral nucleic acids. We compared modern and common virological approaches to find the optimal conditions. The final TUViD-VM protocol was extensively validated by using real-time PCR and next-generation sequencing. We could increase the amount of detectable virus nucleic acids and improved the detection of viruses <75,000-fold compared with other approaches tested. The TUViD-VM protocol can be used in metagenomic and virome studies to increase the likelihood of detecting viruses from any biological source. The protocol has been widely used to detect viruses in different tissues with great success. Here we provide the bench-top protocol version of the TUViD-VM protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Kurth
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Kohl C, Wegener M, Nitsche A, Kurth A. Use of RNALater® Preservation for Virome Sequencing in Outbreak Settings. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1888. [PMID: 29018436 PMCID: PMC5623189 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of infectious diseases may occur in animal and human populations; this underlines the need for suitable One Health approaches. During outbreak situations, straightforward identification of etiological agents is indispensable for taking countermeasures. A recently published protocol for metagenomic virus detection in clinical specimens (TUViD-VM) was developed for snap-frozen tissues which can be challenging to obtain. Here, we describe the use of RNALater®-treated tissue at ambient temperatures for virome sequencing. This study demonstrates that samples stored in RNALater® buffer yield similar results to those stored snap-frozen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Merle Wegener
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Kurth
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Abstract
A crucial step in the molecular detection of viruses in clinical specimens is the efficient extraction of viral nucleic acids. The total yield of viral nucleic acid from a clinical specimen is dependent on the specimen's volume, the initial virus concentration and the effectiveness provided by the extraction method. Recent Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)-based diagnostic approaches (i.e. metagenomics) provide a molecular 'open view' into the sample, as they theoretically generate sequence reads of any nucleic acid present in a specimen in a statistically representative manner. However, since a higher virus-related read output promises better sensitivity in the subsequent bioinformatic analysis, the extraction method selected determines the reliability of diagnostic NGS. In this study nine commercially available kits for nucleic acid extraction were compared regarding the simultaneous isolation of DNA and RNA by real-time PCR,four of which were selected for subsequent comparison by NGS (QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit, QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit, QIAamp cador Pathogen Mini Kit and QIAamp MinElute Virus Spin Kit). The nucleic acid yields and the sequence read output were compared for four different model viruses comprising Reovirus, Orthomyxovirus, Orthopoxvirus and Paramyxovirus, each at defined but varying concentrations in the same sample. The total amount of nucleic acid was processed to sequence the RNA (as cDNA) and the DNA with quantification by Qubit and virus-specific quantitative real-time PCRs. NGS libraries were prepared for sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 1500 system. Finally, the percentage of reads assignable to each virus was determined via mapping. Evaluation of different commercial nucleic acid extraction kits with four different viruses indicates little variation in the read numbers obtained for transcribed RNA or DNA by NGS. Since NGSis increasingly being used as a tool in diagnostics of infectious diseases, the individual steps of the complete process have to be validated carefully. Here we could show that for virus identification in liquid clinical specimens, any nucleic acid extraction kit that is performing well for PCR diagnostics can be used for NGS diagnostics as well and that the selection of the kit has only a minor impact on the yield of viral reads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Klenner
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens 1, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens 1, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Nitsche
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens 1, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Kohl C, Eldegail M, Mahmoud I, Schrick L, Radonic A, Emmerich P, Rieger T, Gunther S, Nitsche A, Osman A. Crimean congo hemorrhagic fever, 2013 and 2014 Sudan. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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16
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Kerber R, Krumkamp R, Diallo B, Jaeger A, Rudolf M, Lanini S, Bore JA, Koundouno FR, Becker-Ziaja B, Fleischmann E, Stoecker K, Meschi S, Mély S, Newman ENC, Carletti F, Portmann J, Korva M, Wolff S, Molkenthin P, Kis Z, Kelterbaum A, Bocquin A, Strecker T, Fizet A, Castilletti C, Schudt G, Ottowell L, Kurth A, Atkinson B, Badusche M, Cannas A, Pallasch E, Bosworth A, Yue C, Pályi B, Ellerbrok H, Kohl C, Oestereich L, Logue CH, Lüdtke A, Richter M, Ngabo D, Borremans B, Becker D, Gryseels S, Abdellati S, Vermoesen T, Kuisma E, Kraus A, Liedigk B, Maes P, Thom R, Duraffour S, Diederich S, Hinzmann J, Afrough B, Repits J, Mertens M, Vitoriano I, Bah A, Sachse A, Boettcher JP, Wurr S, Bockholt S, Nitsche A, Županc TA, Strasser M, Ippolito G, Becker S, Raoul H, Carroll MW, De Clerck H, Van Herp M, Sprecher A, Koivogui L, Magassouba N, Keïta S, Drury P, Gurry C, Formenty P, May J, Gabriel M, Wölfel R, Günther S, Di Caro A. Analysis of Diagnostic Findings From the European Mobile Laboratory in Guéckédou, Guinea, March 2014 Through March 2015. J Infect Dis 2016; 214:S250-S257. [PMID: 27638946 PMCID: PMC5050480 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. A unit of the European Mobile Laboratory (EMLab) consortium was deployed to the Ebola virus disease (EVD) treatment unit in Guéckédou, Guinea, from March 2014 through March 2015. Methods. The unit diagnosed EVD and malaria, using the RealStar Filovirus Screen reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) kit and a malaria rapid diagnostic test, respectively. Results. The cleaned EMLab database comprised 4719 samples from 2741 cases of suspected EVD from Guinea. EVD was diagnosed in 1231 of 2178 hospitalized patients (57%) and in 281 of 563 who died in the community (50%). Children aged <15 years had the highest proportion of Ebola virus–malaria parasite coinfections. The case-fatality ratio was high in patients aged <5 years (80%) and those aged >74 years (90%) and low in patients aged 10–19 years (40%). On admission, RT-PCR analysis of blood specimens from patients who died in the hospital yielded a lower median cycle threshold (Ct) than analysis of blood specimens from survivors (18.1 vs 23.2). Individuals who died in the community had a median Ct of 21.5 for throat swabs. Multivariate logistic regression on 1047 data sets revealed that low Ct values, ages of <5 and ≥45 years, and, among children aged 5–14 years, malaria parasite coinfection were independent determinants of a poor EVD outcome. Conclusions. Virus load, age, and malaria parasite coinfection play a role in the outcome of EVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Kerber
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Ralf Krumkamp
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | | | - Anna Jaeger
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Martin Rudolf
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Simone Lanini
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Beate Becker-Ziaja
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Erna Fleischmann
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich
| | - Kilian Stoecker
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich
| | - Silvia Meschi
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stéphane Mély
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratoire P4 Inserm-Jean Mérieux
| | - Edmund N C Newman
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Fabrizio Carletti
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Jasmine Portmann
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection
| | - Misa Korva
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Svenja Wolff
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg
| | - Peter Molkenthin
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich
| | - Zoltan Kis
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Biosafety Laboratory, National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anne Kelterbaum
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg
| | - Anne Bocquin
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratoire P4 Inserm-Jean Mérieux
| | - Thomas Strecker
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg
| | - Alexandra Fizet
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, Lyon, France
| | - Concetta Castilletti
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gordian Schudt
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg
| | - Lisa Ottowell
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Andreas Kurth
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Barry Atkinson
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Marlis Badusche
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Angela Cannas
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Pallasch
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Andrew Bosworth
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Constanze Yue
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Bernadett Pályi
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Biosafety Laboratory, National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Heinz Ellerbrok
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Claudia Kohl
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Lisa Oestereich
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | | | - Anja Lüdtke
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Heinrich Pette Institute-Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Martin Richter
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Didier Ngabo
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Benny Borremans
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp
| | - Dirk Becker
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg
| | - Sophie Gryseels
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp
| | - Saïd Abdellati
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp
| | - Tine Vermoesen
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp
| | - Eeva Kuisma
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Annette Kraus
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna
| | - Britta Liedigk
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Piet Maes
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven
| | - Ruth Thom
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Sophie Duraffour
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven
| | - Sandra Diederich
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Julia Hinzmann
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Babak Afrough
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Johanna Repits
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Janssen-Cilag, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marc Mertens
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Inês Vitoriano
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down
| | - Amadou Bah
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel
| | - Andreas Sachse
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | | | - Stephanie Wurr
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Sabrina Bockholt
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Tatjana Avšič Županc
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marc Strasser
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stephan Becker
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg
| | - Herve Raoul
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Laboratoire P4 Inserm-Jean Mérieux
| | - Miles W Carroll
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium Public Health England, Porton Down South General Hospital, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - N'Faly Magassouba
- Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Guinea
| | | | | | | | | | - Jürgen May
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Martin Gabriel
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Roman Wölfel
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich
| | - Stephan Günther
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine European Mobile Laboratory Consortium German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Munich-Marburg-Riems
| | - Antonino Di Caro
- European Mobile Laboratory Consortium National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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17
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Graziadei I, Zoller H, Fickert P, Schneeberger S, Finkenstedt A, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Müller H, Kohl C, Sperner-Unterweger B, Eschertzhuber S, Hofer H, Öfner D, Tilg H, Vogel W, Trauner M, Berlakovich G. Indications for liver transplantation in adults : Recommendations of the Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology (ÖGGH) in cooperation with the Austrian Society for Transplantation, Transfusion and Genetics (ATX). Wien Klin Wochenschr 2016; 128:679-690. [PMID: 27590261 PMCID: PMC5052293 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-016-1046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver transplantation has emerged as an established and well-accepted therapeutic option for patients with acute and chronic liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. The disproportion between recipients and donors is still an ongoing problem that has only been solved partially over the last centuries. For several patients no life-saving organs can be distributed. Therefore, objective and internationally established recommendations regarding indication and organ allocation are imperative. The aim of this article is to establish evidence-based recommendations regarding the evaluation and assessment of adult candidates for liver transplantation. This publication is the first Austrian consensus paper issued and approved by the Austrian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in cooperation with the Austrian Society of Transplantation, Infusion and Genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Graziadei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Teaching Hospital Hall i.T., Milserstraße 10, 6060, Hall i.T., Austria. .,Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Heinz Zoller
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Fickert
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Schneeberger
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thorax Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armin Finkenstedt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Peck-Radosavljevic
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Müller
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Stephan Eschertzhuber
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Harald Hofer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Öfner
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thorax Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Vogel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Vidovszky MZ, Kohl C, Boldogh S, Görföl T, Wibbelt G, Kurth A, Harrach B. Random sampling of the Central European bat fauna reveals the existence of numerous hitherto unknown adenoviruses. Acta Vet Hung 2015; 63:508-25. [PMID: 26599097 DOI: 10.1556/004.2015.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
From over 1250 extant species of the order Chiroptera, 25 and 28 are known to occur in Germany and Hungary, respectively. Close to 350 samples originating from 28 bat species (17 from Germany, 27 from Hungary) were screened for the presence of adenoviruses (AdVs) using a nested PCR that targets the DNA polymerase gene of AdVs. An additional PCR was designed and applied to amplify a fragment from the gene encoding the IVa2 protein of mastadenoviruses. All German samples originated from organs of bats found moribund or dead. The Hungarian samples were excrements collected from colonies of known bat species, throat or rectal swab samples, taken from live individuals that had been captured for faunistic surveys and migration studies, as well as internal organs of dead specimens. Overall, 51 samples (14.73%) were found positive. We detected 28 seemingly novel and six previously described bat AdVs by sequencing the PCR products. The positivity rate was the highest among the guano samples of bat colonies. In phylogeny reconstructions, the AdVs detected in bats clustered roughly, but not perfectly, according to the hosts' families (Vespertilionidae, Rhinolophidae, Hipposideridae, Phyllostomidae and Pteropodidae). In a few cases, identical sequences were derived from animals of closely related species. On the other hand, some bat species proved to harbour more than one type of AdV. The high prevalence of infection and the large number of chiropteran species worldwide make us hypothesise that hundreds of different yet unknown AdV types might circulate in bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Z. Vidovszky
- 1Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Claudia Kohl
- 2Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tamás Görföl
- 1Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
- 4Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gudrun Wibbelt
- 5 Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Kurth
- 2Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Berlin, Germany
| | - Balázs Harrach
- 1Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
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19
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Hüfner K, Oberguggenberger A, Kohl C, Geisler S, Gamper E, Meraner V, Egeter J, Hubalek M, Beer B, Fuchs D, Sperner-Unterweger B. Levels in neurotransmitter precursor amino acids correlate with mental health in patients with breast cancer. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 60:28-38. [PMID: 26112459 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females. Approximately 30% of cancer patients develop depression or depressive adaptation disorder within 5 years post diagnosis. Low grade inflammation and subsequent changes in neurotransmitter levels could be the pathophysiological link. In the current study we investigated the association of neurotransmitter precursor amino acids with a diagnosis of depression or state anxiety in 154 subjects suffering from breast cancer (BCA(+)), depression (DPR(+)), both or neither. Sociodemographic parameters, severity of depressive symptoms, and state anxiety (ANX) were recorded. Neopterin, kynurenine/tryptophan and phenylalanine/tyrosine were analysed by HPLC or ELISA. Significantly higher serum neopterin values were found in DPR(+) patients (p = 0.034) and in ANX(+) subjects (p = 0.008), as a marker of Th1-related inflammation. The phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio (index of the catecholamine pathway) was associated with the factors "breast cancer" and "depression" and their interaction (all p < 0.001); it was highest in the DPR(+)BCA(+) group. The kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (index of the serotonin pathway) was significantly associated with the factors "breast cancer" and "state anxiety" and their interaction (p < 0.001, p = 0.026, p = 0.02, respectively); it was highest in the ANX(+)BCA(+) group. In BCA(+) patients kynurenine/tryptophan ratios correlated with severity of state anxiety (r = 0.226, p = 0.048, uncorrected) and phenylalanine/tyrosine ratios with severity of depressive symptoms (r = 0.376, p < 0.05, corrected). In conclusion, levels of neurotransmitter precursor amino acids correlate with mental health, an effect which was much more pronounced in BCA(+) patients than in BCA(-) subjects. Aside from identifying underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, these results could be the basis for future treatment studies: in BCA(+) patients with depression the use of serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors might be recommended while in those with predominant anxiety selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors might be the treatment of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hüfner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - A Oberguggenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Kohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S Geisler
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E Gamper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - V Meraner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Egeter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Hubalek
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Beer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Sperner-Unterweger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Abstract
This protocol can rapidly and reliably detect viruses during disease outbreaks and for detection studies. Sixty percent of emerging viruses have a zoonotic origin, making transmission from animals a major threat to public health. Prompt identification and analysis of these pathogens are indispensable to taking action toward prevention and protection of the affected population. We quantifiably compared classical and modern approaches of virus purification and enrichment in theory and experiments. Eventually, we established an unbiased protocol for detection of known and novel emerging viruses from organ tissues (tissue-based universal virus detection for viral metagenomics [TUViD-VM]). The final TUViD-VM protocol was extensively validated by using real-time PCR and next-generation sequencing. We could increase the amount of detectable virus nucleic acids and improved the detection of viruses <75,000-fold compared with other tested approaches. This TUViD-VM protocol can be used in metagenomic and virome studies to increase the likelihood of detecting viruses from any biological source.
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21
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Carroll MW, Matthews DA, Hiscox JA, Elmore MJ, Pollakis G, Rambaut A, Hewson R, García-Dorival I, Bore JA, Koundouno R, Abdellati S, Afrough B, Aiyepada J, Akhilomen P, Asogun D, Atkinson B, Badusche M, Bah A, Bate S, Baumann J, Becker D, Becker-Ziaja B, Bocquin A, Borremans B, Bosworth A, Boettcher JP, Cannas A, Carletti F, Castilletti C, Clark S, Colavita F, Diederich S, Donatus A, Duraffour S, Ehichioya D, Ellerbrok H, Fernandez-Garcia MD, Fizet A, Fleischmann E, Gryseels S, Hermelink A, Hinzmann J, Hopf-Guevara U, Ighodalo Y, Jameson L, Kelterbaum A, Kis Z, Kloth S, Kohl C, Korva M, Kraus A, Kuisma E, Kurth A, Liedigk B, Logue CH, Lüdtke A, Maes P, McCowen J, Mély S, Mertens M, Meschi S, Meyer B, Michel J, Molkenthin P, Muñoz-Fontela C, Muth D, Newman ENC, Ngabo D, Oestereich L, Okosun J, Olokor T, Omiunu R, Omomoh E, Pallasch E, Pályi B, Portmann J, Pottage T, Pratt C, Priesnitz S, Quartu S, Rappe J, Repits J, Richter M, Rudolf M, Sachse A, Schmidt KM, Schudt G, Strecker T, Thom R, Thomas S, Tobin E, Tolley H, Trautner J, Vermoesen T, Vitoriano I, Wagner M, Wolff S, Yue C, Capobianchi MR, Kretschmer B, Hall Y, Kenny JG, Rickett NY, Dudas G, Coltart CEM, Kerber R, Steer D, Wright C, Senyah F, Keita S, Drury P, Diallo B, de Clerck H, Van Herp M, Sprecher A, Traore A, Diakite M, Konde MK, Koivogui L, Magassouba N, Avšič-Županc T, Nitsche A, Strasser M, Ippolito G, Becker S, Stoecker K, Gabriel M, Raoul H, Di Caro A, Wölfel R, Formenty P, Günther S. Temporal and spatial analysis of the 2014-2015 Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa. Nature 2015; 524:97-101. [PMID: 26083749 PMCID: PMC10601607 DOI: 10.1038/nature14594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
West Africa is currently witnessing the most extensive Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreak so far recorded. Until now, there have been 27,013 reported cases and 11,134 deaths. The origin of the virus is thought to have been a zoonotic transmission from a bat to a two-year-old boy in December 2013 (ref. 2). From this index case the virus was spread by human-to-human contact throughout Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. However, the origin of the particular virus in each country and time of transmission is not known and currently relies on epidemiological analysis, which may be unreliable owing to the difficulties of obtaining patient information. Here we trace the genetic evolution of EBOV in the current outbreak that has resulted in multiple lineages. Deep sequencing of 179 patient samples processed by the European Mobile Laboratory, the first diagnostics unit to be deployed to the epicentre of the outbreak in Guinea, reveals an epidemiological and evolutionary history of the epidemic from March 2014 to January 2015. Analysis of EBOV genome evolution has also benefited from a similar sequencing effort of patient samples from Sierra Leone. Our results confirm that the EBOV from Guinea moved into Sierra Leone, most likely in April or early May. The viruses of the Guinea/Sierra Leone lineage mixed around June/July 2014. Viral sequences covering August, September and October 2014 indicate that this lineage evolved independently within Guinea. These data can be used in conjunction with epidemiological information to test retrospectively the effectiveness of control measures, and provides an unprecedented window into the evolution of an ongoing viral haemorrhagic fever outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles W. Carroll
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- University of Southampton, South General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - David A. Matthews
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD UK
| | - Julian A. Hiscox
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 2BE UK
| | | | - Georgios Pollakis
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 2BE UK
| | - Andrew Rambaut
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 2FL UK
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland USA
- Centre for Immunology, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 2FL UK
| | - Roger Hewson
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT UK
| | - Isabel García-Dorival
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 2BE UK
| | - Joseph Akoi Bore
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Conakry, Guinea
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Raymond Koundouno
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Conakry, Guinea
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Saïd Abdellati
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, B-2000 Belgium
| | - Babak Afrough
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - John Aiyepada
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Patience Akhilomen
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Danny Asogun
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Barry Atkinson
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Marlis Badusche
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
| | - Amadou Bah
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, CH-4002 Switzerland
| | - Simon Bate
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Jan Baumann
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Dirk Becker
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, 35043 Germany
| | - Beate Becker-Ziaja
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
| | - Anne Bocquin
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, 69365 France
- Laboratoire P4 Inserm-Jean Mérieux, US003 Inserm, Lyon, 69365 France
| | - Benny Borremans
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, B-2020 Belgium
| | - Andrew Bosworth
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 2BE UK
| | - Jan Peter Boettcher
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Angela Cannas
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carletti
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Concetta Castilletti
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Simon Clark
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Francesca Colavita
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Sandra Diederich
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, 17493 Insel Riems Germany
| | - Adomeh Donatus
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Sophie Duraffour
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- KU Leuven Rega institute, Leuven, B-3000 Belgium
| | - Deborah Ehichioya
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Redeemer’s University, Osun State Nigeria
| | - Heinz Ellerbrok
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Maria Dolores Fernandez-Garcia
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Centro Nacional de Microbiologia, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - Alexandra Fizet
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, 69365 France
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, Lyon, 69365 France
| | - Erna Fleischmann
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, 80937 Germany
| | - Sophie Gryseels
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, B-2020 Belgium
| | - Antje Hermelink
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Julia Hinzmann
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Ute Hopf-Guevara
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Yemisi Ighodalo
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Lisa Jameson
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Anne Kelterbaum
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, 35043 Germany
| | - Zoltan Kis
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Center for Epidemiology, National Biosafety Laboratory, Budapest, H-1097 Hungary
| | - Stefan Kloth
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Claudia Kohl
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Miša Korva
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000 Slovenia
| | - Annette Kraus
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, 171 82 Sweden
| | - Eeva Kuisma
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Andreas Kurth
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Britta Liedigk
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
| | - Christopher H. Logue
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Anja Lüdtke
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Heinrich Pette Institute – Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, 20251 Germany
| | - Piet Maes
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- KU Leuven Rega institute, Leuven, B-3000 Belgium
| | - James McCowen
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Stéphane Mély
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Reference Center for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Lyon, 69365 France
- Laboratoire P4 Inserm-Jean Mérieux, US003 Inserm, Lyon, 69365 France
| | - Marc Mertens
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, 17493 Insel Riems Germany
| | - Silvia Meschi
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Benjamin Meyer
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127 Germany
| | - Janine Michel
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Peter Molkenthin
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, 80937 Germany
| | - César Muñoz-Fontela
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Heinrich Pette Institute – Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, 20251 Germany
| | - Doreen Muth
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127 Germany
| | - Edmund N. C. Newman
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Didier Ngabo
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Lisa Oestereich
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
| | - Jennifer Okosun
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Thomas Olokor
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Racheal Omiunu
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Omomoh
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Elisa Pallasch
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
| | - Bernadett Pályi
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Center for Epidemiology, National Biosafety Laboratory, Budapest, H-1097 Hungary
| | - Jasmine Portmann
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Federal Office for Civil Protection, Spiez Laboratory, Spiez, CH-3700 Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pottage
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Catherine Pratt
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Simone Priesnitz
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bundeswehr Hospital, Hamburg, 22049 Germany
| | - Serena Quartu
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Julie Rappe
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Mittelhäusern, CH-3147 Switzerland
| | - Johanna Repits
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Janssen-Cilag, Sollentuna, SE-192 07 Sweden
| | - Martin Richter
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Martin Rudolf
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
| | - Andreas Sachse
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Kristina Maria Schmidt
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Gordian Schudt
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, 35043 Germany
| | - Thomas Strecker
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, 35043 Germany
| | - Ruth Thom
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Stephen Thomas
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Ekaete Tobin
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Lassa Fever Research and Control, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Howard Tolley
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Jochen Trautner
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Thünen Institute, Hamburg, D-22767 Germany
| | - Tine Vermoesen
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, B-2000 Belgium
| | - Inês Vitoriano
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, 80937 Germany
| | - Svenja Wolff
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, 35043 Germany
| | - Constanze Yue
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Maria Rosaria Capobianchi
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Birte Kretschmer
- Eurice - European Research and Project Office GmbH, Berlin, 10115 Germany
| | - Yper Hall
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
| | - John G. Kenny
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - Natasha Y. Rickett
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 2BE UK
| | - Gytis Dudas
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 2FL UK
| | - Cordelia E. M. Coltart
- Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6JB UK
| | - Romy Kerber
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
| | - Damien Steer
- Research IT, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1HH UK
| | - Callum Wright
- Advanced Computing Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1HH UK
| | - Francis Senyah
- Public Health England, Porton Down, SP4 0JG Wiltshire UK
| | | | - Patrick Drury
- World Health Organization, Geneva 27, 1211 Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexis Traore
- Section Prévention et Lutte contre la Maladie à la Direction Préfectorale de la Santé de Guéckédou, Guéckédou, Guinea
| | - Mandiou Diakite
- Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, CHU Donka, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | | | - N’Faly Magassouba
- Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Tatjana Avšič-Županc
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000 Slovenia
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Marc Strasser
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Federal Office for Civil Protection, Spiez Laboratory, Spiez, CH-3700 Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Stephan Becker
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, 35043 Germany
| | - Kilian Stoecker
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, 80937 Germany
| | - Martin Gabriel
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
| | - Hervé Raoul
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Laboratoire P4 Inserm-Jean Mérieux, US003 Inserm, Lyon, 69365 France
| | - Antonino Di Caro
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, 00149 Italy
| | - Roman Wölfel
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, 80937 Germany
| | | | - Stephan Günther
- The European Mobile Laboratory Consortium, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, D-20359 Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, 38124 Germany
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Abstract
Bats are being increasingly recognized as reservoir hosts of highly pathogenic and zoonotic emerging viruses (Marburg virus, Nipah virus, Hendra virus, Rabies virus, and coronaviruses). While numerous studies have focused on the mentioned highly human-pathogenic bat viruses in tropical regions, little is known on similar human-pathogenic viruses that may be present in European bats. Although novel viruses are being detected, their zoonotic potential remains unclear unless further studies are conducted. At present, it is assumed that the risk posed by bats to the general public is rather low. In this review, selected viruses detected and isolated in Europe are discussed from our point of view in regard to their human-pathogenic potential. All European bat species and their roosts are legally protected and some European species are even endangered. Nevertheless, the increasing public fear of bats and their viruses is an obstacle to their protection. Educating the public regarding bat lyssaviruses might result in reduced threats to both the public and the bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kohl
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Kurth
- Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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Malik P, Kohl C, Holzner B, Kemmler G, Graziadei I, Vogel W, Sperner-Unterweger B. Distress in primary caregivers and patients listed for liver transplantation. Psychiatry Res 2014; 215:159-62. [PMID: 24210743 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Orthotopic liver transplantation (LTx) has become a routine procedure in the treatment of end-stage liver disease. During the waiting period for transplantation, the patient's family members are also highly affected. We examined the course of distress and quality of life (QOL) in 47 patients awaiting LTx and distress in 24 caregivers at baseline and in intervals of 4-6 weeks, using The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). All subscales of the EORTC QLQ-C30, except emotional functioning, were lower than normal at baseline. Little change in patients' QOL was observed during the waiting period. In the HADS, there were significantly higher anxiety scores in caregivers than in patients both at baseline and after 1-2 months and the third assessment, with the difference after 3-5 months reaching almost significance. Caregivers' anxiety levels increased significantly. Relatives showed more depression than patients only at month 1-2 and a significant increase in depression from baseline to month 1-2. In patients, depression scores remained relatively stable throughout all visits. Our results emphasize the importance of evaluation of psychic stress especially in relatives during the waiting period for LTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Malik
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Claudia Kohl
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Holzner
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Kemmler
- Department of General Psychiatry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivo Graziadei
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Vogel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Sperner-Unterweger
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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24
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Steinberg J, Kohl C, Katz T, Richard G, Linke SJ. [Difference and distance between the central and thinnest points of the cornea: impact of refractive state, age and ocular side]. Ophthalmologe 2013; 111:339-47. [PMID: 23921813 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-013-2892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to quantify the difference in corneal thickness between the central and thinnest points (∆PachyZ-PachyD), the distance between the center of the cornea and its thinnest point (vector length PachyD) and to explore the impact of refractive state, age and ocular side. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study and medical records of 16,872 eyes were reviewed. The Orbscan® (Bausch and Lomb) procedure was used for pachymetry and keratometry. RESULTS The results showed that ∆PachyZ-PachyD and vector length PachyD were higher in hyperopic eyes (∆PachyZ-PachyD: 11.99 ± 12.08 µm, vector length PachyD: 0.85 ± 0.44 mm) compared to myopic eyes (∆PachyZ-PachyD: 9.2 ± 7.86 µm, vector length PachyD: 0.7 ± 0.37 mm; p < 0.001). Refractive state, age and ocular side demonstrated an independent, statistically significant impact on ∆PachyZ-PachyD and vector length PachyD. CONCLUSIONS As a result of the significant impact of refractive state, age and ocular side on ∆PachyZ-PachyD and vector length PachyD, these variables should be considered in a normative data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Steinberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland,
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25
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Laner B, Staufer C, Giesinger JM, Gross R, Kohl C, Malik P, Holzner B, Sperner-Unterweger B. Psychiatric consultation-liaison interventions: recollection, perception and outcome. J Psychosom Res 2013; 75:184-6. [PMID: 23915777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate recollection, perception and outcome of psychiatric consultation in a general hospital. METHODS 321 patients with three main diagnoses (substance use, affective, and adjustment disorders), who had been examined by consultation-liaison (C-L) psychiatrists within the past twelve months, initially took part in a telephone interview and were subsequently asked to complete and return questionnaires by mail. RESULTS Response rates for the telephone interview were 75.4%, and 46.7% of patients returned the completed questionnaires. 86.0% of the patients were able to remember seeing the C-L psychiatrist and 43.3% recalled their diagnosis accurately. 70.5% stated that this contact had been helpful. 61.5% remembered being given a psychiatric after-care recommendation, and 43.5% of the patients stated that they either disregarded or prematurely discontinued after-care. CONCLUSIONS Even though the perception of the consultation is generally positive, many patients are not able to retain the given information on diagnosis and treatment recommendation. To increase continuity of care and to better address patients' needs we altered our C-L structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Laner
- Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Austria.
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Gineste C, De Winter JM, Kohl C, Witt CC, Giannesini B, Brohm K, Le Fur Y, Gretz N, Vilmen C, Pecchi E, Jubeau M, Cozzone PJ, Stienen GJM, Granzier H, Labeit S, Ottenheijm CAC, Bendahan D, Gondin J. In vivo and in vitro investigations of heterozygous nebulin knock-out mice disclose a mild skeletal muscle phenotype. Neuromuscul Disord 2013; 23:357-69. [PMID: 23375831 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy is the most common congenital skeletal muscle disease, and mutations in the nebulin gene account for 50% of all cases. Recent studies suggest that the disease severity might be related to the nebulin expression levels. Considering that mutations in the nebulin gene are typically recessive, one would expect that a single functional nebulin allele would maintain nebulin protein expression which would result in preserved skeletal muscle function. We investigated skeletal muscle function of heterozygous nebulin knock-out (i.e., nebulin(+/-)) mice using a multidisciplinary approach including protein and gene expression analysis and combined in vivo and in vitro force measurements. Skeletal muscle anatomy and energy metabolism were studied strictly non-invasively using magnetic resonance imaging and 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Maximal force production was reduced by around 16% in isolated muscle of nebulin(+/-) mice while in vivo force generating capacity was preserved. Muscle weakness was associated with a shift toward a slower proteomic phenotype, but was not related to nebulin protein deficiency or to an impaired energy metabolism. Further studies would be warranted in order to determine the mechanisms leading to a mild skeletal muscle phenotype resulting from the expression of a single nebulin allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gineste
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRMBM, 13005 Marseille, France
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Plotnicki L, Höcker B, Krupka K, Kohl C, Rahmel A, Pape L, Hoyer P, Marks SD, Webb N, Söylemezoglu O, Topaloglu R, Szabó A, Seeman T, Cornelissen EA, Knops N, Grenda R, Tönshoff B. The CERTAIN Registry: A Novel, Web-Based Registry and Research Platform for Paediatric Renal Transplantation in Europe. Transplantation 2012. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201211271-02401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kohl C, Lesnik R, Brinkmann A, Ebinger A, Radonić A, Nitsche A, Mühldorfer K, Wibbelt G, Kurth A. Isolation and characterization of three mammalian orthoreoviruses from European bats. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43106. [PMID: 22905211 PMCID: PMC3419194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years novel human respiratory disease agents have been described in South East Asia and Australia. The causative pathogens were classified as pteropine orthoreoviruses with strong phylogenetic relationship to orthoreoviruses of flying foxes inhabiting these regions. Subsequently, a zoonotic bat-to-human transmission has been assumed. We report the isolation of three novel mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) from European bats, comprising bat-borne orthoreovirus outside of South East Asia and Australia and moreover detected in insectivorous bats (Microchiroptera). MRVs are well known to infect a broad range of mammals including man. Although they are associated with rather mild and clinically unapparent infections in their hosts, there is growing evidence of their ability to also induce more severe illness in dogs and man. In this study, eight out of 120 vespertilionid bats proved to be infected with one out of three novel MRV isolates, with a distinct organ tropism for the intestine. One isolate was analyzed by 454 genome sequencing. The obtained strain T3/Bat/Germany/342/08 had closest phylogenetic relationship to MRV strain T3D/04, isolated from a dog. These novel reoviruses provide a rare chance of gaining insight into possible transmission events and of tracing the evolution of bat viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kohl
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Security 1, Berlin, Germany.
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Kurth A, Kohl C, Brinkmann A, Ebinger A, Harper JA, Wang LF, Mühldorfer K, Wibbelt G. Novel paramyxoviruses in free-ranging European bats. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38688. [PMID: 22737217 PMCID: PMC3380927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The zoonotic potential of paramyxoviruses is particularly demonstrated by their broad host range like the highly pathogenic Hendra and Nipah viruses originating from bats. But while so far all bat-borne paramyxoviruses have been identified in fruit bats across Africa, Australia, South America, and Asia, we describe the detection and characterization of the first paramyxoviruses in free-ranging European bats. Moreover, we examined the possible impact of paramyxovirus infection on individual animals by comparing histo-pathological findings and virological results. Organs from deceased insectivorous bats of various species were sampled in Germany and tested for paramyxovirus RNA in parallel to a histo-pathological examination. Nucleic acids of three novel paramyxoviruses were detected, two viruses in phylogenetic relationship to the recently proposed genus Jeilongvirus and one closely related to the genus Rubulavirus. Two infected animals revealed subclinical pathological changes within their kidneys, suggestive of a similar pathogenesis as the one described in fruit bats experimentally infected with Hendra virus. Our findings indicate the presence of bat-born paramyxoviruses in geographic areas free of fruit bat species and therefore emphasize a possible virus–host co-evolution in European bats. Since these novel viruses are related to the very distinct genera Rubulavirus and Jeilongvirus, a similarly broad genetic diversity among paramyxoviruses in other Microchiroptera compared to Megachiroptera can be assumed. Given that the infected bats were either found in close proximity to heavily populated human habitation or areas of intensive agricultural use, a potential risk of the emergence of zoonotic paramyxoviruses in Europe needs to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kurth
- Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Security, Berlin, Germany.
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Wagner KV, Hartmann J, Wang XD, Liebl C, Wolf M, Scharf SH, Kohl C, Marinescu D, Müller MB, Schmidt MV. The role of different Homer1 isoforms in acute and chronic social stress. Pharmacopsychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1292557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
In the pathogenesis of depressive symptoms the neurotransmitter serotonin plays an important role--although the underlining mechanisms are still not clear. The synthesis of serotonin is dependent on the availability of tryptophan--an amino acid that is linked to the immune system by its catabolism via the enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Based on this connection research approaches addressing different clinical conditions with depressive symptoms and immunological involvement have been considered. This review provides an overview on the latest research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kohl
- Dept. of Biological Psychiatry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Caüzac M, Kohl C, Girard J, Pégorier JP. S-15261, a new anti-hyperglycemic agent, reduces hepatic glucose production through direct and insulin-sensitizing effects. Biochem Pharmacol 2005; 70:527-34. [PMID: 15993851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2005] [Revised: 05/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
S-15261 is a new oral anti-hyperglycemic agent that increases insulin sensitivity in various insulin-resistant animal models. The aim of this study was to determine the short- and long-term effects of S-15261 and its metabolites (S-15511 and Y-415) on fatty acid and glucose metabolism in hepatocytes isolated from 24-h starved rats. During short-term exposure (1h) neither S-15261 nor its metabolites affected fatty acid oxidation whatever the concentration used. By contrast, S-15261 and its two metabolites reduced the rates of glucose production from lactate/pyruvate and dihydroxyacetone. Using crossover plot analysis, it was shown that Y-415 reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis upstream the formation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate. After 48 h in culture, S-15261 and its two metabolites reduced the rates of glucose production from lactate/pyruvate secondarily to a decrease in PEPCK and Glc-6-Pase mRNA levels. A part of these effects on gene expression could be due to a drug-induced reduction in PGC-1 gene expression. When hepatocytes were cultured in the presence of a submaximal concentration of insulin (10(-9)M), S-15261, through its metabolite S-15511, enhanced insulin sensitivity both on gene expression (PEPCK, Glc-6-Pase, PGC-1) and on gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, S-15261 and S-15511 induced the expression of GK and FAS genes as the result of an increased in SREBP-1c mRNA levels. Finally, S-15511 enhanced the stimulatory effect of insulin on GK mRNA level through an additional increase in SREBP-1c gene expression. In conclusion, this work reveals that S-15261 via its metabolites reduces hepatic glucose production through direct and insulin-sensitizing effects on genes encoding regulatory proteins of hepatic glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caüzac
- Département d'Endocrinologie, Institut Cochin, INSERM U567, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris 5, 24 rue du Faubourg St Jacques, Paris 75014, France
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Kohl C, Walch T, Huber R, Kemmler G, Neurauter G, Fuchs D, Sölder E, Schröcksnadel H, Sperner-Unterweger B. Measurement of tryptophan, kynurenine and neopterin in women with and without postpartum blues. J Affect Disord 2005; 86:135-42. [PMID: 15935232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2004.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2003] [Revised: 12/20/2004] [Accepted: 12/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase was demonstrated to be critically involved in tolerance induction to prevent fetal rejection. Our study was designed to examine alterations of tryptophan and its catabolic product kynurenine in the postpartum period and to compare them to neopterin as an immunological marker. METHODS 95 healthy women delivering without complications provided blood during labour, and 2 and 4 days after birth. The blood samples were analysed for concentrations of tryptophan, kynurenine and neopterin. Women were asked to perform the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) on days 2 and 4. RESULTS In women without blues symptoms (n=86) tryptophan concentrations increased within 2 days after birth, whereas they did not change in women with postpartum blues (n=9; 9.5%). The group difference reached statistical significance (p<0.05). The change of the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (kyn/trp), which estimates the degree of tryptophan degradation, was also different between the two groups at days 0 and 2 (p<0.05). Neopterin concentrations decreased between days 2 and 4 (p<0.05), but there were no differences between the two groups. LIMITATIONS Our study population had a low prevalence of postpartum blues symptoms. CONCLUSION Low postpartal mood is associated with continuously low serum tryptophan after delivery due to an increased degradation to kynurenine, but is independent of the postpartal course of neopterin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kohl
- Department of Psychiatry, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Sperner-Unterweger B, Kohl C, Meraner V, Holzner B, Bodner T, Kemmler G. Psychopharmacological treatment in cancer patients – Interactions between biological and psychological variables? Pharmacopsychiatry 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-825519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gurka P, Bacher R, Kohl C, Kemmler G, DeCol C, Weiss E, Bodner T, Hinterhuber H, Lingg A, Marksteiner J. Management of patients with cognitive impairment by residential doctors. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002; 17:290-1. [PMID: 11921159 DOI: 10.1002/gps.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Gurka
- Department of Psychiatry, Anichstrasse 35, A-2060 Innsbruck, Austria
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Fulgencio JP, Kohl C, Girard J, Pégorier JP. Effect of metformin on fatty acid and glucose metabolism in freshly isolated hepatocytes and on specific gene expression in cultured hepatocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2001; 62:439-46. [PMID: 11448453 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00679-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The short-term effect of metformin on fatty acid and glucose metabolism was studied in freshly incubated hepatocytes from 24-hr starved rats. Metformin (5 or 50 mM) had no effect on oleate or octanoate oxidation rates (CO(2)+ acid-soluble products), whatever the concentration used. Similarly, metformin had no effect on oleate esterification (triglycerides and phospholipid synthesis) regardless of whether the hepatocytes were isolated from starved (low esterification rates) or fed rats (high esterification rates). In contrast, metformin markedly reduced the rates of glucose production from lactate/pyruvate, alanine, dihydroxyacetone, and galactose. Using crossover plot experiments, it was shown that the main effect of metformin on hepatic gluconeogenesis was located upstream of the formation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Increasing the time of exposure to metformin (24 hr instead of 1 hr) led to significant changes in the expression of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Indeed, when hepatocytes were cultured in the presence of 50 to 500 microM metformin, the expression of genes encoding regulatory proteins of fatty acid oxidation (carnitine palmitoyltransferase I), ketogenesis (mitochondrial hydroxymethylgltaryl-CoA synthase), and gluconeogenesis (glucose 6-phosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) was decreased by 30 to 60%, whereas expression of genes encoding regulatory proteins involved in glycolysis (glucokinase and liver-type pyruvate kinase) was increased by 250%. In conclusion, this work suggests that metformin could reduce hepatic glucose production through short-term (metabolic) and long-term (genic) effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Fulgencio
- Endocrinologie, Métabolisme et Développement, UPR 1524 CNRS, ICGM, Service du Pr Girard, 24 rue du Faubourg ST Jacques 75014 Paris, France
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Louet JF, Chatelain F, Decaux JF, Park EA, Kohl C, Pineau T, Girard J, Pegorier JP. Long-chain fatty acids regulate liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I gene (L-CPT I) expression through a peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha)-independent pathway. Biochem J 2001; 354:189-97. [PMID: 11171094 PMCID: PMC1221643 DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3540189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (L-CPT I) catalyses the transfer of long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) for translocation across the mitochondrial membrane. Expression of the L-CPT I gene is induced by LCFAs as well as by lipid-lowering compounds such as clofibrate. Previous studies have suggested that the peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) is a common mediator of the transcriptional effects of LCFA and clofibrate. We found that free LCFAs rather than acyl-CoA esters are the signal metabolites responsible for the stimulation of L-CPT I gene expression. Using primary culture of hepatocytes we found that LCFAs failed to stimulate L-CPT I gene expression both in wild-type and PPARalpha-null mice. These results suggest that the PPARalpha-knockout mouse does not represent a suitable model for the regulation of L-CPT I gene expression by LCFAs in the liver. Finally, we determined that clofibrate stimulates L-CPT I through a classical direct repeat 1 (DR1) motif in the promoter of the L-CPT I gene while LCFAs induce L-CPT I via elements in the first intron of the gene. Our results demonstrate that LCFAs can regulate gene expression through PPARalpha-independent pathways and suggest that the regulation of gene expression by dietary lipids is more complex than previously proposed.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Clofibrate/pharmacology
- DNA Primers
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Fatty Acids/physiology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/physiology
- Hepatocytes/drug effects
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Liver/enzymology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/physiology
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Louet
- Endocrinologie Métabolisme et Développement, CNRS UPR 1524, 9, rue Jules Hetzel, 92190 Meudon, France
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Le May C, Pineau T, Bigot K, Kohl C, Girard J, Pégorier JP. Reduced hepatic fatty acid oxidation in fasting PPARalpha null mice is due to impaired mitochondrial hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase gene expression. FEBS Lett 2000; 475:163-6. [PMID: 10869548 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Glucose and fatty acid metabolism (oxidation versus esterification) has been measured in hepatocytes isolated from 24 h starved peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) null and wild-type mice. In PPARalpha null mice, the development of hypoglycemia during starvation was due to a reduced capacity for hepatic gluconeogenesis secondary to a 70% lower rate of fatty acid oxidation. This was not due to inappropriate expression of the hepatic CPT I gene, which was similar in both genotypes, but to impaired mitochondrial hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase gene expression in the PPARalpha null mouse liver. We also demonstrate that hepatic steatosis of fasting PPARalpha null mice was not due to enhanced triglyceride synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Le May
- Endocrinologie Métabolisme et Développement, UPR 1524 CNRS, Meudon, France
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Kohl C, Steinkellner M. Prediction of pharmacokinetic drug/drug interactions from In vitro data: interactions of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug lornoxicam with oral anticoagulants. Drug Metab Dispos 2000; 28:161-8. [PMID: 10640513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
CYP2C9 is involved in the metabolism of the oral anticoagulants warfarin, phenprocoumon, and acenocoumarol. It is also responsible for the 5'-hydroxylation of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug lornoxicam. Therefore, lornoxicam and the oral anticoagulants are potential inhibitors of their metabolism. Their inhibitory potency was investigated in microsomes from six human livers. An approach to predict pharmacokinetic interactions of lornoxicam from in vitro inhibition data was developed. Where possible, the forecasts were verified by comparison with data from clinical interaction studies. The following increases in steady-state plasma concentrations or areas under the plasma concentration-time curve of the oral anticoagulants by concomitant lornoxicam medication were predicted (values in parentheses are for healthy volunteers): (S)-warfarin, 1. 58-fold (1.32-fold for racemate); racemic-acenocoumarol, 1.28-fold (1.09-fold); (R)-acenocoumarol, 1.10-fold (1.0-fold); racemic-phenprocoumon, 1.11-fold (1.18-fold); and (S)-phenprocoumon, 1.13-fold (1.24-fold). Lornoxicam 5'-hydroxylation was competitively inhibited in vitro by both phenprocoumon (K(i) = 1.2 +/- 0.4 microM) and acenocoumarol (K(i) = 5.5 +/- 3.5 microM). The present results indicate that relatively close predictions of the interactions of lornoxicam with oral anticoagulants from in vitro data are possible under the assumption that hepatic lornoxicam concentrations are similar to its total plasma concentrations. The degree of pharmacokinetic interactions exhibited by oral anticoagulants and lornoxicam is dependent on the respective contribution of CYP2C9 to their total clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kohl
- Department of Drug Disposition, Nycomed Austria, Linz, Austria.
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Thumelin S, Kohl C, Girard J, Pégorier JP. Atypical expression of mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase in subcutaneous adipose tissue of male rats. J Lipid Res 1999; 40:1071-7. [PMID: 10357839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mRNAs encoding mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (mtHMG-CoA synthase), the rate limiting enzyme in ketone body production, are highly expressed in subcutaneous (SC) and, to a lesser extent, in peri-epididymal (PE) rat adipose tissues. This atypical mtHMG-CoA synthase gene expression is dependent on the age (from 9 weeks of age) and sex (higher in male than in female) of the rats. In contrast, the expression of mtHMG-CoA synthase in SC adipose deposit is independent of the nutritional state (fed versus starved) or of the thermic environment (24 degrees C versus 4 degrees C). The expression of mtHMG-CoA synthase is suppressed in SC fat pads of castrated male rats whereas treatment of castrated rats with testosterone restores a normal level of expression. Moreover, testosterone injection induces the expression mtHMG-CoA synthase in SC adipose tissue of age-matched females. The presence of the mtHMG-CoA synthase immunoreactive protein confers to mitochondria isolated from SC adipose deposits, the capacity to produce ketone bodies at a rate similar to that found in liver mitochondria (SC = 13.7 +/- 0.7, liver = 16.4 +/- 1.4 nmol/min/mg prot). mtHMG-CoA synthase is expressed in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) whatever the adipose deposit considered. While acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is only expressed in mature adipocytes, the other lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid synthase (FAS) and citrate cleavage enzyme (CCE), are expressed both in SVF cells and mature adipocytes. The expression of lipogenic enzyme genes is markedly reduced in adipocytes but not in SVF cells isolated from 48-h starved male rats. When SVF is subfractionated, mtHMG-CoA synthase mRNAs are mainly recovered in two fractions containing poorly digested structures such as microcapillaries whereas the lowest expression is found in the pre-adipocyte fraction. Interestingly, FAS and CCE mRNAs co-segregate with mtHMG-CoA synthase mRNA. The possible physiological relevance of such atypical expression of mtHMG-CoA synthase is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thumelin
- Endocrinologie Métabolisme et Développement, UPR 1524 CNRS, 9, rue Jules Hetzel, 92190 Meudon, France
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Cohen I, Kohl C, McGarry JD, Girard J, Prip-Buus C. The N-terminal domain of rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 mediates import into the outer mitochondrial membrane and is essential for activity and malonyl-CoA sensitivity. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:29896-904. [PMID: 9792707 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.45.29896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (L-CPT1), an integral outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) protein, is the key regulatory enzyme of fatty acid oxidation and is inhibited by malonyl-CoA. In vitro import of L-CPT1 into the OMM requires the presence of mitochondrial receptors and is stimulated by ATP but is membrane potential-independent. Its N-terminal domain (residues 1-150), which contains two transmembrane segments, possesses all of the information for mitochondrial targeting and OMM insertion. Deletion of this domain abrogates protein targeting, whereas its fusion to non-OMM-related proteins results in their mitochondrial targeting and OMM insertion in a manner similar to L-CPT1. Functional analysis of chimeric CPTs expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae shows that this domain also mediates in vivo protein insertion into the OMM. When the malonyl-CoA-insensitive CPT2 was anchored at the OMM either by a specific OMM signal anchor sequence (pOM29) or by the N-terminal domain of L-CPT1, its activity remains insensitive to malonyl-CoA inhibition. This indicates that malonyl-CoA sensitivity is an intrinsic property of L-CPT1 and that its N-terminal domain cannot confer malonyl-CoA sensitivity to CPT2. Replacement of the N-terminal domain by pOM29 results in a less folded and less active protein, which is also malonyl-CoA-insensitive. Thus, in addition to its role in mitochondrial targeting and OMM insertion, the N-terminal domain of L-CPT1 is essential to maintain an optimal conformation for both catalytic function and malonyl-CoA sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Cohen
- Endocrinologie, Métabolisme, et Développement, CNRS-UPR 1524, 9 Rue J. Hetzel, 92190 Meudon, France
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Prip-Buus C, Cohen I, Kohl C, Esser V, McGarry JD, Girard J. Topological and functional analysis of the rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Lett 1998; 429:173-8. [PMID: 9650584 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00584-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (L-CPT 1) expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was correctly inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane and shared the same folded conformation as the native enzyme found in rat liver mitochondria. Comparison of the biochemical properties of the yeast-expressed L-CPT 1 with those of the native protein revealed the same detergent lability and similar sensitivity to malonyl-CoA inhibition and affinity for carnitine. Normal Michaelis-Menten kinetics towards palmitoyl-CoA were observed when careful experimental conditions were used for the CPT assay. Thus, the expression in S. cerevisiae is a valid model to study the structure-function relationships of L-CPT 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Prip-Buus
- Endocrinologie, métabolisme et développement, CNRS-UPR 1524, 9, Meudon-Bellevue, France.
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43
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Abstract
1. The stabilities of the industrial chemical and constituent of cigarette smoke 2-nitropropane (2-NP) and its aci tautomer propane 2-nitronate (P2N) towards hepatic enzymes and proteins such as serum proteins and oxyhaemoglobin were investigated in vitro in biological (hepatocytes and subcellular liver fractions) and model systems (serum proteins, oxyhaemoglobin, methylene blue). 2. Denitrification of 2-NP, P2N and 2-deutero 2-nitropropane (2H-NP) occurred in murine hepatocytes significantly faster than in rat cells. For 2-NP the rates were 1271 +/- 167 versus 820 +/- 125 pmol nitrite x min-1 x 10(6) cells-1. 3. A similar observation was made in microsomes, where 2-NP denitrification was 1460 +/- 110 (mouse) versus 480 +/- 80 pmol nitrite x min-1 x mg protein-1 (rat). 4. The major NO2(-)-forming activity was found to be localized in the microsomal fraction. 5. Conversion of 2-NP into P2N, either chemically or enzymatically, was a prerequisite for rapid denitrification. 6. Serum proteins and oxyhaemoglobin proved to be capable of denitrifying P2N (198 +/- 24 pmol nitrite x min-1 x mg protein-1 and 7.1 +/- 1.0 nmol nitrite x min-1 x nmol HbO2(-1) respectively), but were much less active towards 2-NP (24 +/- 2 pmol nitrite x min-1 x mg protein-1 and none respectively). 7. Methylene blue decomposed 2-NP and P2N at rates of 11 +/- 3 and 192 +/- 4 pmol nitrite x min-1 x nmol, methylene blue-1 respectively. The dye also enhanced NO2- formation from P2N and 2-NP in the presence of hepatocytes or serum proteins, with a concomitant enhancement of both 2-NP and P2N toxicity. 8. The results presented report species differences in the denitrification rate of 2-NP and highlight the crucial nitro-aci tautomerism of 2-NP as a pivotal determinant of 2-NP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kohl
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, UK
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Reinhard PG, Babst J, Fischer B, Kohl C, Calvayrac F, Suraud E, Hirschmann T, Brack M. Ionic and electronic structure of metal clusters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/s004600050216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schwarzer C, Marksteiner J, Kroesen S, Kohl C, Sperk G, Winkler H. Secretoneurin: a market in rat hippocampal pathways. J Comp Neurol 1997; 377:29-40. [PMID: 8986870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Secretoneurin is a 33-amino acid peptide, generated in brain by proteolytic processing of secretogranin II. The distribution of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity and secretogranin II mRNA was investigated in the hippocampus of the rat. Secretogranin II mRNA was found in high concentrations throughout the granule cell and pyramidal cell layers and in many local neurons, notably in the hilus of the dentate gyrus. The general distributional pattern of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity was characterized by a prominent staining in the area of the terminal field of mossy fibers with an obvious staining in the infrapyramidal area of CA3 and a strongly immunopositive band in the inner third of the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. Lesions of the granule cells by local injection of colchicine significantly reduced secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the terminal field of mossy fibers, but not in the inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. On the other hand, destruction of interneurons of the dentate gyrus (mossy cells and certain gamma-aminobutyricacid-ergic interneurons) by kainic acid-induced seizures was associated with a reduction of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. However, 30 days after kainic acid-induced seizures, a strongly secretoneurin-immunoreactive band reappeared in this area, which at this late time point is due to sprouting of mossy fibers collaterals. Our experiments suggest a widespread distribution of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in neurons of the hippocampal formation with a preferential localization in excitatory pathways including associational/commissural fibers originating from secretoneurin-containing mossy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schwarzer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Innsbruck, Australia
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Fulgencio JP, Kohl C, Girard J, Pégorier JP. Troglitazone inhibits fatty acid oxidation and esterification, and gluconeogenesis in isolated hepatocytes from starved rats. Diabetes 1996; 45:1556-62. [PMID: 8866561 DOI: 10.2337/diab.45.11.1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of troglitazone and pioglitazone on glucose and fatty acid metabolism were studied in hepatocytes isolated from 24-h-starved rats. These thiazolidinediones inhibited long-chain fatty acid (oleate) oxidation and produced a very oxidized mitochondrial redox state. By contrast, thiazolidinediones did not affect the rate of medium-chain fatty acid (octanoate) oxidation or the activity of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) I. Thiazolidinediones inhibited selectively triglyceride synthesis but not phospholipid synthesis. The combined inhibition of oleate oxidation and esterification by troglitazone was due to a noncompetitive inhibition of mitochondrial and microsomal long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) activities. It was suggested that troglitazone must be metabolized into its sulfo-conjugate derivative in liver cells to inhibit mitochondrial and microsomal ACS activities. Thiazolidinediones inhibited glucose production from lactate/pyruvate or from alanine. Analysis of gluconeogenic metabolite concentrations suggested that troglitazone would inhibit gluconeogenesis at the level of pyruvate carboxylase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase reactions. It was concluded that 1) at a similar concentration, troglitazone was more efficient than pioglitazone to inhibit fatty acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis and 2) the inhibition of gluconeogenesis by troglitazone could be the result of the inhibition of long-chain fatty acid oxidation (decrease in acetyl-CoA, NADH-to-NAD+, and ATP-to-ADP ratios).
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Fulgencio
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Endocrinologie Moléculaire et le Développement du CNRS, Meudon-Bellevue, France
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Langeneckert A, Kohl C, Fleger-Büschges H, Staab A, Dingermann T, Blume H. Gas chromatographic determination of essential oils in biological fluids. Eur J Pharm Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0928-0987(97)86504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chatelain F, Kohl C, Esser V, McGarry JD, Girard J, Pegorier JP. Cyclic AMP and fatty acids increase carnitine palmitoyltransferase I gene transcription in cultured fetal rat hepatocytes. Eur J Biochem 1996; 235:789-98. [PMID: 8654430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.00789.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the rat, the gene for liver mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I), though dormant prior to birth, is rapidly activated postnatally. We sought to elucidate which hormonal and/or nutritional factors might be responsible for this induction. In cultured hepatocytes from 20-day-old rat fetus, the concentration of CPT I mRNA, which initially was very low, increased dramatically in a dose-dependent manner after exposure of the cells to dibutyryl cAMP (Bt2cAMP). Similar results were obtained when long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), but not medium-chain fatty acids, were added to the culture medium. The effects of Bt2cAMP and LCFA were antagonized by insulin, also dose dependently. In contrast, CPT II gene expression, which was already high in fetal hepatocytes, was unaffected by any of the above manipulations. Bt2cAMP stimulated CPT I gene expression even when endogenous triacylglycerol breakdown was suppressed by lysosomotropic agents suggesting that the actions of cAMP and LCFA were distinct. Moreover, half-maximal concentrations of Bt2cAMP and linoleate produced an additive effect CPT I mRNA accumulation. While linoleate and Bt2cAMP stimulated CPT I gene transcription by twofold and fourfold, respectively, the fatty acid also increased the half-life of CPT I mRNA (50%). When hepatocytes were cultured in the presence of 2-bromopalmitate, (which is readily converted by cells into its non-metabolizable CoA ester) CPT I mRNA accumulation was higher than that observed with oleate or linoleate. Similarly, the CPT I inhibitor, tetradecylglycidate, which at a concentration of 20 microM did not itself influence the CPT I mRNA level, enhanced the stimulatory effect of linoleate. The implication is that induction of the CPT I message by LCFA does not require mitochondrial metabolism of these substrates; however, formation of their CoA esters is a necessary step. Unlike linoleate, the peroxisome proliferator, clofibrate, increased both CPT I and CPT II mRNA levels and neither effect was offset by insulin. It thus appears that the mechanism of action of LCFA differs from that utilized by clofibrate, which presumably works through the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor. We conclude that the rapid increase in hepatic CPT I mRNA level that accompanies the fetal to neonatal transition in the rat is triggered by the reciprocal change in circulating insulin and LCFA concentrations, coupled with elevation of the liver content of cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chatelain
- Centre de Recherche sur 1'Endocrinologie Moléculaire et le Développement, CNRS, Meudon, France
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