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Botros M, Alsaghayer A, Tanabe C, Armas K, Mabry M, Goodarzi A, Yau S, Youssef J, Huang H, Ren D, Suarez E. Extending Cold Ischemic Time Using LUNGguard: A Single Center Experience in Time Shifting. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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2
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Xue Y, Ren D, Waller L. Three-dimensional bi-functional refractive index and fluorescence microscopy (BRIEF). Biomed Opt Express 2022; 13:5900-5908. [PMID: 36733730 PMCID: PMC9872885 DOI: 10.1364/boe.456621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for imaging biological samples with molecular specificity. In contrast, phase microscopy provides label-free measurement of the sample's refractive index (RI), which is an intrinsic optical property that quantitatively relates to cell morphology, mass, and stiffness. Conventional imaging techniques measure either the labeled fluorescence (functional) information or the label-free RI (structural) information, though it may be valuable to have both. For example, biological tissues have heterogeneous RI distributions, causing sample-induced scattering that degrades the fluorescence image quality. When both fluorescence and 3D RI are measured, one can use the RI information to digitally correct multiple-scattering effects in the fluorescence image. Here, we develop a new computational multi-modal imaging method based on epi-mode microscopy that reconstructs both 3D fluorescence and 3D RI from a single dataset. We acquire dozens of fluorescence images, each 'illuminated' by a single fluorophore, then solve an inverse problem with a multiple-scattering forward model. We experimentally demonstrate our method for epi-mode 3D RI imaging and digital correction of multiple-scattering effects in fluorescence images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - David Ren
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Laura Waller
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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3
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Whittaker ML, Ren D, Ophus C, Zhang Y, Waller L, Gilbert B, Banfield JF. Ion complexation waves emerge at the curved interfaces of layered minerals. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3382. [PMID: 35697675 PMCID: PMC9192655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Visualizing hydrated interfaces is of widespread interest across the physical sciences and is a particularly acute need for layered minerals, whose properties are governed by the structure of the electric double layer (EDL) where mineral and solution meet. Here, we show that cryo electron microscopy and tomography enable direct imaging of the EDL at montmorillonite interfaces in monovalent electrolytes with ångstrom resolution over micron length scales. A learning-based multiple-scattering reconstruction method for cryo electron tomography reveals ions bound asymmetrically on opposite sides of curved, exfoliated layers. We observe conserved ion-density asymmetry across stacks of interacting layers in cryo electron microscopy that is associated with configurations of inner- and outer-sphere ion-water-mineral complexes that we term complexation waves. Coherent X-ray scattering confirms that complexation waves propagate at room-temperature via a competition between ion dehydration and charge interactions that are coupled across opposing sides of a layer, driving dynamic transitions between stacked and aggregated states via layer exfoliation. The structure of hydrated interfaces is essential for understanding of geochemical processes and behavior of layered minerals. The authors show that waves of hydrated ions emerge at curved aqueous interfaces and couple mineral deformation to the chemistry of the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Whittaker
- Energy Geosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - David Ren
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Colin Ophus
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yugang Zhang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Laura Waller
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Benjamin Gilbert
- Energy Geosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jillian F Banfield
- Energy Geosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
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4
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Cao R, Kellman M, Ren D, Eckert R, Waller L. Self-calibrated 3D differential phase contrast microscopy with optimized illumination. Biomed Opt Express 2022; 13:1671-1684. [PMID: 35414990 PMCID: PMC8973190 DOI: 10.1364/boe.450838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
3D phase imaging recovers an object's volumetric refractive index from intensity and/or holographic measurements. Partially coherent methods, such as illumination-based differential phase contrast (DPC), are particularly simple to implement in a commercial brightfield microscope. 3D DPC acquires images at multiple focus positions and with different illumination source patterns in order to reconstruct 3D refractive index. Here, we present a practical extension of the 3D DPC method that does not require a precise motion stage for scanning the focus and uses optimized illumination patterns for improved performance. The user scans the focus by hand, using the microscope's focus knob, and the algorithm self-calibrates the axial position to solve for the 3D refractive index of the sample through a computational inverse problem. We further show that the illumination patterns can be optimized by an end-to-end learning procedure. Combining these two, we demonstrate improved 3D DPC with a commercial microscope whose only hardware modification is LED array illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Cao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michael Kellman
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David Ren
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Regina Eckert
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Laura Waller
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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5
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Zhang B, Liu W, Ren D, Li F, Wang Y, Huo D, Zhu S, Chen J, Song Q, Xu S. 62MO Comparison of lobectomy and sublobar resection for stage IA elderly NSCLC patients (≥70 years): A population-based propensity score matching study. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(21)01904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Tanksalvala M, Porter CL, Esashi Y, Wang B, Jenkins NW, Zhang Z, Miley GP, Knobloch JL, McBennett B, Horiguchi N, Yazdi S, Zhou J, Jacobs MN, Bevis CS, Karl RM, Johnsen P, Ren D, Waller L, Adams DE, Cousin SL, Liao CT, Miao J, Gerrity M, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM. Nondestructive, high-resolution, chemically specific 3D nanostructure characterization using phase-sensitive EUV imaging reflectometry. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/5/eabd9667. [PMID: 33571123 PMCID: PMC7840142 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd9667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation nano- and quantum devices have increasingly complex 3D structure. As the dimensions of these devices shrink to the nanoscale, their performance is often governed by interface quality or precise chemical or dopant composition. Here, we present the first phase-sensitive extreme ultraviolet imaging reflectometer. It combines the excellent phase stability of coherent high-harmonic sources, the unique chemical sensitivity of extreme ultraviolet reflectometry, and state-of-the-art ptychography imaging algorithms. This tabletop microscope can nondestructively probe surface topography, layer thicknesses, and interface quality, as well as dopant concentrations and profiles. High-fidelity imaging was achieved by implementing variable-angle ptychographic imaging, by using total variation regularization to mitigate noise and artifacts in the reconstructed image, and by using a high-brightness, high-harmonic source with excellent intensity and wavefront stability. We validate our measurements through multiscale, multimodal imaging to show that this technique has unique advantages compared with other techniques based on electron and scanning probe microscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tanksalvala
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - Christina L Porter
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Yuka Esashi
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - Bin Wang
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Nicholas W Jenkins
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Galen P Miley
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Joshua L Knobloch
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Brendan McBennett
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | | | - Sadegh Yazdi
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute (RASEI), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jihan Zhou
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystem Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matthew N Jacobs
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Charles S Bevis
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Robert M Karl
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Peter Johnsen
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - David Ren
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Laura Waller
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Daniel E Adams
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Seth L Cousin
- KMLabs Inc., 4775 Walnut St. #102, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
| | - Chen-Ting Liao
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jianwei Miao
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystem Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael Gerrity
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Henry C Kapteyn
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- KMLabs Inc., 4775 Walnut St. #102, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
| | - Margaret M Murnane
- STROBE Science and Technology Center, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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Drizik E, Corbett S, Zheng Y, Vermeulen R, Dai Y, Hu W, Ren D, Duan H, Niu Y, Xu J, Fu W, Meliefste K, Zhou B, Zhang X, Yang J, Bassig B, Liu H, Ye M, Liu G, Jia X, Meng T, Bin P, Zhang J, Silverman D, Spira A, Rothman N, Lenburg ME, Lan Q. Transcriptomic changes in the nasal epithelium associated with diesel engine exhaust exposure. Environ Int 2020; 137:105506. [PMID: 32044442 PMCID: PMC8725607 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) exposure causes lung cancer, but the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs are not well understood. OBJECTIVES To assess transcriptomic alterations in nasal epithelium of DEE-exposed factory workers to better understand the cellular and molecular effects of DEE. METHODS Nasal epithelial brushings were obtained from 41 diesel engine factory workers exposed to relatively high levels of DEE (17.2-105.4 μg/m3), and 38 unexposed workers from factories without DEE exposure. mRNA was profiled for gene expression using Affymetrix microarrays. Linear modeling was used to identify differentially expressed genes associated with DEE exposure and interaction effects with current smoking status. Pathway enrichment among differentially expressed genes was assessed using EnrichR. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to compare gene expression patterns between datasets. RESULTS 225 genes had expression associated with DEE exposure after adjusting for smoking status (FDR q < 0.25) and were enriched for genes in pathways related to oxidative stress response, cell cycle pathways such as MAPK/ERK, protein modification, and transmembrane transport. Genes up-regulated in DEE-exposed individuals were enriched among the genes most up-regulated by cigarette smoking in a previously reported bronchial airway smoking dataset. We also found that the DEE signature was enriched among the genes most altered in two previous studies of the effects of acute DEE on PBMC gene expression. An exposure-response relationship was demonstrated between air levels of elemental carbon and the first principal component of the DEE signature. CONCLUSIONS A gene expression signature was identified for workers occupationally exposed to DEE that was altered in an exposure-dependent manner and had some overlap with the effects of smoking and the effects of acute DEE exposure. This is the first study of gene expression in nasal epithelial cells of workers heavily exposed to DEE and provides new insights into the molecular alterations that occur with DEE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Drizik
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Corbett
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - R Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Y Dai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - W Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - D Ren
- Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chaoyang, China
| | - H Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Y Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - J Xu
- Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China
| | - W Fu
- Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chaoyang, China
| | - K Meliefste
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - B Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Yang
- Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chaoyang, China
| | - Bryan Bassig
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Hanqiao Liu
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Ye
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - X Jia
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - T Meng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - P Bin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational, Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - J Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - D Silverman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - A Spira
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; The Lung Cancer Initiative at Johnson & Johnson, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - N Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - M E Lenburg
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Q Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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Chowdhury S, Chen M, Eckert R, Ren D, Wu F, Repina N, Waller L. High-resolution 3D refractive index microscopy of multiple-scattering samples from intensity images. Optica 2019; 6:1211-1219. [PMID: 38515960 PMCID: PMC10956703 DOI: 10.1364/optica.6.001211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) reconstructs a sample's volumetric refractive index (RI) to create high-contrast, quantitative 3D visualizations of biological samples. However, standard implementations of ODT use interferometric systems, and so are sensitive to phase instabilities, complex mechanical design, and coherent noise. Furthermore, their reconstruction framework is typically limited to weakly scattering samples, and thus excludes a whole class of multiple-scattering samples. Here, we implement a new 3D RI microscopy technique that utilizes a computational multi-slice beam propagation method to invert the optical scattering process and reconstruct high-resolution (NA > 1.0) 3D RI distributions of multiple-scattering samples. The method acquires intensity-only measurements from different illumination angles and then solves a nonlinear optimization problem to recover the sample's 3D RI distribution. We experimentally demonstrate the reconstruction of samples with varying amounts of multiple-scattering: a 3T3 fibroblast cell, a cluster of C. elegans embryos, and a whole C. elegans worm, with lateral and axial resolutions of ≤ 240 nm and ≤ 900 nm, respectively. The results of this work lays groundwork for future studies into using optical wavelengths to probe 3D RI distributions of highly scattering biological organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwetadwip Chowdhury
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Michael Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Regina Eckert
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - David Ren
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nicole Repina
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Laura Waller
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Belmadani A, Jayaraj N, Ren D, George D, Paller A, Miller R, Menichella D. 666 Role for epidermal keratinocytes in small fiber degeneration in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nugent BD, Ren D, Bender C, Rosenzweig M. Abstract P1-17-10: The impact of age and adjuvant chemotherapy modifications on disease-free and overall survival among African American women with breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-17-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: During chemotherapy for breast cancer, African American women receive less relative dose intensity with more dose reductions and early chemotherapy cessation compared to Caucasian women. Other research has found that older breast cancer patients are most at risk for treatment modifications; however, it is unclear if this remains true for African American patients. Furthermore, the clinical implications of treatment modifications and delays on survival is uncertain, particularly in African American patients.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether age (diagnosis <55 vs. diagnosis ≥55) was a moderator for the association between treatment modifications (dose held, dose delayed, and early cessation) and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in African American women with breast cancer.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study of early stage African American breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy was employed. Dose held, dose delayed and early cessation were examined as dichotomous variables: any adjustment to the initially prescribed treatment plan was considered a modification. Medical record data extraction was utilized to gather this information. The sample was divided into two groups: those diagnosed <55 years of age and those diagnosed ≥55 years of age. A Cox's proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the interaction between age group and treatment modifications for OS and DFS, while controlling for stage and ER and HER2 status.
Results: In the study of 115 participants, 58 (50.4%) were diagnosed before the age of 55, and 57 (49.6%) were diagnosed age 55 or older. Across the entire sample, 43 (37.4%) patients experienced a treatment modification. There were no significant differences in the proportions of treatment modifications between the two age groups. We found no interaction between age group and treatment modifications for OS. However, there was a significant interaction between age group and held dose for DFS (p=0.045). Specifically, those diagnosed at 55 years of age and older, who had doses of chemotherapy held, experienced worse DFS compared to those who did not (hazard ratio (HR)=3.390, 95% CI (1.013,11.34)). In contrast, there was no difference in DFS between those who did and did not have doses held in patients diagnosed below 55 years of age (HR=0.563, 95%CI (0.159, 1.986)).
Conclusions: African American women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of early stage breast cancer have high levels of treatment modifications across all age groups. However, held doses of chemotherapy in older African American patients were associated with worse DFS. Further research is needed to elucidate the clinical implications of adjuvant chemotherapy treatment modifications, particularly in African American patients, and the subgroups of patients who are at greatest risk.
Citation Format: Nugent BD, Ren D, Bender C, Rosenzweig M. The impact of age and adjuvant chemotherapy modifications on disease-free and overall survival among African American women with breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-17-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- BD Nugent
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - D Ren
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - C Bender
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Pan Y, Jing J, Qiao L, Liu J, An L, Li B, Ren D, Liu W. MiRNA-seq reveals that miR-124-3p inhibits adipogenic differentiation of the stromal vascular fraction in sheep via targeting C/EBPα. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2018; 65:17-23. [PMID: 29860204 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding 20-25 nt RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by posttranscriptional repression of messenger RNA. There have been few investigations on the profiles and functions of miRNAs in ovine subcutaneous fat; their roles in the metabolism and deposition of subcutaneous fat also remain unclear. In this study, small RNA libraries were constructed for 2 important Chinese local sheep breeds, Small-tailed Han Sheep, and Shanxi Meat Sheep Dam Line, and used for high-throughput sequencing. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, revealing the effect of miR-124-3p on adipogenic differentiation by targeting C/EBPα. Our results provide both a comprehensive understanding of miRNA expression patterns in sheep subcutaneous fat and an insight into the specific roles of miRNAs in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - J Jing
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - L Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - J Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - L An
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - B Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - D Ren
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - W Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China.
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12
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Ayrton ST, Chen X, Bain RM, Pulliam CJ, Achmatowicz M, Flick TG, Ren D, Cooks RG. Gas Phase Ion Chemistry to Determine Isoaspartate in a Peptide Backbone. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2018; 29:1339-1344. [PMID: 29546595 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1923-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Proof of concept evidence is presented for a new method for the determination of isoaspartate, an important post-translational modification. Chemical derivatization is performed using common reagents for the modification of carboxylic acids and shown to yield suitable diagnostic information with regard to isomerization at the aspartate residue. The diagnostic gas phase chemistry is probed by collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry, on the timescale of the MS experiment and semi-quantitative calibration of the percentage of isoaspartate in a peptide sample is demonstrated. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Ayrton
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - R M Bain
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - C J Pulliam
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - M Achmatowicz
- Department of Analytical Research & Development, Amgen Inc., 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - T G Flick
- Department of Analytical Research & Development, Amgen Inc., 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - D Ren
- Department of Analytical Research & Development, Amgen Inc., 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - R G Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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Ding P, Ren D, He S, He M, Zhang G, Chen Y, Sang H, Peng Z, Yan W. Sirt1 mediates improvement in cognitive defects induced by focal cerebral ischemia following hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning in rats. Physiol Res 2017; 66:1029-1039. [PMID: 28937253 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO-PC) has been proposed as a safe and practical approach for neuroprotection in ischemic stroke. However, it is not known whether HPO-PC can improve cognitive deficits induced by cerebral ischemia, and the mechanistic basis for any beneficial effects remains unclear. We addressed this in the present study using rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) as an ischemic stroke model following HBO-PC. Cognitive function and expression of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy polypeptide (pNF-H) and doublecortin (DCX) in the hippocampus were evaluated 14 days after reperfusion and after short interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of sirtuin1 (Sirt1). HBO-PC increased pNF-H and DCX expression and mitigated cognitive deficits in MCAO rats. However, these effects were abolished by Sirt1 knockdown. Our results suggest that HBO-PC can protect the brain from injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion and that Sirt1 is a potential molecular target for therapeutic approaches designed to minimize cognitive deficits caused by cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China, Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. pengzhengwu1446@ 163.com and
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14
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Wang H, Xia F, Xing DM, Ren D, Feng W, Chen Y, Xiao ZH, Zhao ZM. [Effects of vacuum sealing drainage technique in acute and chronic suppurative tenosynovitis of hand]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:384-388. [PMID: 28464581 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of vacuum sealing drainage technique in acute and chronic suppurative tenosynovitis of hand. Methods: A total of 9 cases acute and chronic suppurative tenosynovitis patients from January 2013 to April 2015 in Puai Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology were retrospectively reviewed. There were 6 males and 3 females, aging from 27 to 65 years, the average age was 55 years. There were 3 cases of index finger, 3 cases of middle finger, 2 cases of ring finger, 1 case include three fingers. The infection causes included stabbing with fishbone in 3 cases, stabbing with animal bone fragments in 3 cases, wound by sawdust in 3 cases, meat grinder injury in 1 case, multiple fingers crush injury postoperative infection of garbage truck in 1 case. Bacterial infection included 2 cases with Staphylococcus aureus, 2 cases with Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1 case with normal Escherichia coli, 1 case with mixed infection of Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella oxytoca and Staphylococcus, 1 case with Bauman Acinetobacter bacillus, 1 case with Proteus mirabilis and 1 case of no growth of pathogenic bacteria culture. After thorough debridement, vacuum sealing drainage was used to observe the characteristics of irrigation fluid, the formation of cavity inflammation, the prognosis of infection and the recovery of finger function. Results: Seven patients with suppurative tenosynovitis were treated for 7 to 14 days, replaced the vacuum sealing drainage dressing once; 1 patient was an illustration of the finger tip defect flap infected patients after 21 days of treatment, replaced the vacuum sealing drainage dressing twice, 1 patient was an illustration of the central refers to trauma, postoperative infection patients 28 d, replaced three times in the VSD. The follow-up time was 3 to 12 months (mean 8.2 months), 7 patients without tendon necrosis, secondary suture with no infection, 2 cases of traumatic surgery of patients with infection, tendon necrosis was removed, the infection has been effectively controlled, secondary suture with no infection. There were 6 cases were good and 3 cases were poor in the evaluation of postoperative finger function. Conclusion: Thoroughly debridement after vacuum sealing drainage in the treatment of suppurative tenosynovitis of hand has satisfactory curative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Puai Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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15
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Ling R, Ren D, Shilton H, Spilias D. Pneumatosis intestinalis related to jejunal feeding post-pancreaticoduodenectomy. ANZ J Surg 2017; 88:E855-E856. [PMID: 28419768 DOI: 10.1111/ans.13952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ling
- Department of UGI Surgery, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Ren
- Department of UGI Surgery, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hamish Shilton
- Department of UGI Surgery, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dean Spilias
- Department of UGI Surgery, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Ren D, Zhang XX, Wang HK, Li WJ, Yu Y. Improving thermo-oxidative degradation resistance of bamboo fiber reinforced polypropylene composite with antioxidants. Part I: Screening of antioxidants. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Ren
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
| | - X. X. Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
| | - H. K. Wang
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
| | - W. J. Li
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
| | - Y. Yu
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
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17
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Ren D, Zhang XX, Wang HK, Li WJ, Yu Y. Improving thermo-oxidative degradation resistance of bamboo fiber reinforced polymer composites with antioxidants. Part II: Effect on other select properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Ren
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
| | - X. X. Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
| | - H. K. Wang
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
| | - W. J. Li
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
| | - Y. Yu
- Department of Biomaterials; International Center for Bamboo and Rattan; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology; State Forestry Administration; No. 8, Futong Eastern Street, Wangjing Area Chaoyang District Beijing 100102 China
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18
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Li L, Zeng Q, Ren D, Huang L, Tang Y. 0517 Effect of buffalo αs1-casein polymorphism on the semi-hard Monterey Jack-type cheese quality. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kim JM, Ren D, Reverter A, Roura E. A regulatory gene network related to the porcine umami taste receptor (TAS1R1/TAS1R3). Anim Genet 2015; 47:114-9. [PMID: 26554867 DOI: 10.1111/age.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Taste perception plays an important role in the mediation of food choices in mammals. The first porcine taste receptor genes identified, sequenced and characterized, TAS1R1 and TAS1R3, were related to the dimeric receptor for umami taste. However, little is known about their regulatory network. The objective of this study was to unfold the genetic network involved in porcine umami taste perception. We performed a meta-analysis of 20 gene expression studies spanning 480 porcine microarray chips and screened 328 taste-related genes by selective mining steps among the available 12,320 genes. A porcine umami taste-specific regulatory network was constructed based on the normalized coexpression data of the 328 genes across 27 tissues. From the network, we revealed the 'taste module' and identified a coexpression cluster for the umami taste according to the first connector with the TAS1R1/TAS1R3 genes. Our findings identify several taste-related regulatory genes and extend previous genetic background of porcine umami taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kim
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation Hartley Teakle 83, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - D Ren
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation Hartley Teakle 83, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - A Reverter
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - E Roura
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation Hartley Teakle 83, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Abstract
Adhesion of microbes, such as bacteria and fungi, to surfaces and the subsequent formation of biofilms cause multidrug-tolerant infections in humans and fouling of medical devices. To address these challenges, it is important to understand how material properties affect microbe-surface interactions and engineer better nonfouling materials. Here we review the recent progresses in this field and discuss the main challenges and opportunities. In particular, we focus on bacterial biofilms and review the effects of surface energy, charge, topography, and stiffness of substratum material on bacterial adhesion. We summarize how these surface properties influence oral biofilm formation, and we discuss the important findings from nondental systems that have potential applications in dental medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Song
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - H. Koo
- Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D. Ren
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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21
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Fan H, Liu F, Dong G, Ren D, Xu Y, Dou J, Wang T, Sun L, Hou Y. Activation-induced necroptosis contributes to B-cell lymphopenia in active systemic lupus erythematosus. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1416. [PMID: 25210799 PMCID: PMC4225223 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B-cell abnormality including excessive activation and lymphopenia is a central feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although activation threshold, auto-reaction and death of B cells can be affected by intrinsical and/or external signaling, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that co-activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and B-cell receptor (BCR) pathways is a core event for the survival/dead states of B cells in SLE. We found that the mortalities of CD19(+)CD27(-) and CD19(+)IgM(+) B-cell subsets were increased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients. The gene microarray analysis of CD19(+) B cells from active SLE patients showed that the differentially expressed genes were closely correlated to TLR7, BCR, apoptosis, necroptosis and immune pathways. We also found that co-activation of TLR7 and BCR could trigger normal B cells to take on SLE-like B-cell characters including the elevated viability, activation and proliferation in the first 3 days and necroptosis in the later days. Moreover, the necroptotic B cells exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and hypoxia, along with the elevated expression of necroptosis-related genes, consistent with that in both SLE B-cell microarray and real-time PCR verification. Expectedly, pretreatment with the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) inhibitor Necrostatin-1, and not the apoptosis inhibitor zVAD, suppressed B-cell death. Importantly, B cells from additional SLE patients also significantly displayed high expression levels of necroptosis-related genes compared with those from healthy donors. These data indicate that co-activation of TLR7 and BCR pathways can promote B cells to hyperactivation and ultimately necroptosis. Our finding provides a new explanation on B-cell lymphopenia in active SLE patients. These data suggest that extrinsic factors may increase the intrinsical abnormality of B cells in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - D Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - T Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Sherwood PR, Weimer J, Price T, Ren D, Lieberman F, Donovan H. P18.09 * STRESS INDUCED IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION IN NEURO-ONCOLOGY CAREGIVERS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou174.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Jhun H, Chaikriangkrai K, Gudsoorkar V, Sinha N, Kaleekal T, Mankidy B, Scheinin S, Loebe M, Bruckner B, Ren D, Jyothula S. Prevalence of Gastroparesis After Lung Transplantation: A Single Center Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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24
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Ren D, Cai Z, Song J, Wu Z, Zhou S. dsRNA uptake and persistence account for tissue-dependent susceptibility to RNA interference in the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria. Insect Mol Biol 2014; 23:175-184. [PMID: 24308607 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) by introducing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a powerful approach to the analysis of gene function in insects; however, RNAi responses vary dramatically in different insect species and tissues, and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The migratory locust, a destructive insect pest and a hemimetabolic insect with panoistic ovaries, is considered to be a highly susceptible species to RNAi via dsRNA injection, but its ovary appears to be completely insensitive. In the present study, we showed that dsRNA persisted only briefly in locust haemolymph. The ovariole sheath was permeable to dsRNA, but injected dsRNA was not present in the follicle cells and oocytes. The lack of dsRNA uptake into the follicle cells and oocytes is likely to be the primary factor that contributes to the ineffective RNAi response in locust ovaries. These observations provide insights into tissue-dependent variability of RNAi and help in achieving successful gene silencing in insensitive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Ai J, Huang Y, Xu K, Ren D, Qi X, Ji H, Ge A, Dai Q, Li J, Bao C, Tang F, Shi G, Shen T, Zhu Y, Zhou M, Wang H. Case-control study of risk factors for human infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus in Jiangsu Province, China, 2013. Euro Surveill 2013; 18:20510. [PMID: 23827526 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2013.18.26.20510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe a case-control study performed in Jiangsu, China, to evaluate risk factors for human infection with novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus. Twenty-five cases and 93 controls matched by age, sex, and location were included in the study. Direct contact with poultry or birds in the two weeks before illness onset, chronic medical conditions (hypertension excluded), and environment-related exposures were significantly associated with A(H7N9) infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ai
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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26
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Loebe M, Ren D, Rodriguez L, La Francesca S, Bismuth J, Lumsden A. Acute and chronic thoracic aortic disease: surgical considerations. HSR Proc Intensive Care Cardiovasc Anesth 2012; 4:243-50. [PMID: 23439669 PMCID: PMC3563558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Acute thoracic aortic aneurysm is one of the most life-threatening vascular disorders recognized to date. The majority of these aortic ruptures rapidly end in mortality, with 50% of patients suffering death before reaching the hospital. Thus, acute management through surgical intervention is often indicated, especially in cases of ascending aortic rupture. Physical examination is critical in making the diagnosis, as clinical signs and symptoms often vary depending on the location of the dissection. Clinicians should have a low threshold for including thoracic aortic dissection in their differential diagnosis, especially when a patient presents with acute onset chest or back pain. In this report, we discuss the different categories of aortic dissections and the current treatment modalities for each. These include endovascular aortic repair, which has become a viable treatment modality in certain cases of type B dissection. Offering a less invasive approach, the technique known as thoracic endovascular repair currently affords a treatment option to a patient population who would have otherwise been deemed non-surgical candidates. Hybrid thoracic endovascular aortic repair has also become a pertinent surgical technique, and successful outcomes have been demonstrated when it is employed to repair ascending aortic aneurysms. We also describe our Acute Aortic Treatment Center, a rapid multicentric triage system for the management of acute aortic pathologies, which has resulted in significant improvements in patient outcomes.
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Deng Y, Cai Y, Xiao J, Ling J, Fang L, Huang M, Peng J, Ren D, Lan P, Wang J. A pilot study of FOLFOX with or without radiation in treating patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e14147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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28
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Ren D, Xing Y, Lin M, Wu Y, Li K, Li W, Yang S, Guo T, Ren J, Ma J, Lan L, Huang L. Evaluations of boar gonad development, spermatogenesis with regard to semen characteristics, libido and serum testosterone levels based on large White Duroc x Chinese Erhualian crossbred boars. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 44:913-9. [PMID: 19000221 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chinese Erhualian pigs are known for prolificacy with distinct reproductive traits compared with Western commercial breeds. In this study, a four-generation intercross resource population was constructed using White Duroc boars and Chinese Erhualian sows as founder animals, and a total of 14 male reproductive traits were recorded in 411 F2/F3 boars including the testis and epididymis weights, the seminiferous tubular diameter and spermatogenesis at 60, 90 and 300 days of age, semen characteristics, serum testosterone concentration and libido level at 300 days of age. The White Duroc-Erhualian boars showed remarkable segregations in the traits measured except for the seminiferous tubular diameter and had high ratio (13.9%) of the abnormality of spermatogenesis, providing a good experimental population for detecting quantitative trait loci affecting these male reproductive traits. Furthermore, the correlations among nine male reproductive traits at 300 days of age indicated that the testis weight and the body weight were strongly correlated with the sperm production, supporting the two traits as important parameters for boar selection to increase sperm production and ultimately improve boar fertility. The libido level in the White Duroc-Erhualian boars that was evaluated by a new and easily recorded scoring system showed a significant correlation with serum testosterone concentration. Yet, both libido and serum testosterone concentration were not correlated with the sperm production. Results of this study provided new information on the male reproductive physiology and genetics in Chinese Erhualian and White Duroc boars.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ren
- Key Laboratory for Animal Biotechnology of Jiangxi Province and the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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Zhu H, Chen H, Zhong Y, Ren D, Qian Y, Tang H, Zhu Y. Determination of Trace Inorganic Anions in Weak Acids by Single-Pump Column-Switching Ion Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2010; 48:553-8. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/48.7.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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30
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Xie YD, Li W, Guo D, Dong J, Zhang Q, Fu Y, Ren D, Peng M, Xia Y. The Arabidopsis gene SIGMA FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN 1 plays a role in the salicylate- and jasmonate-mediated defence responses. Plant Cell Environ 2010; 33:828-39. [PMID: 20040062 PMCID: PMC3208021 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02109.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast-localized SIB1 protein was previously identified by its interaction with SIGMA FACTOR 1 (SIG1), a component of the RNA polymerase machinery responsible for transcription of plastid genes. The physiological function of SIB1 is little known. We found that expression of SIB1 is induced by infection with Pseudomonas syringae, suggesting its possible involvement in the defence response. The sib1 loss-of-function mutation compromises induction of some defence-related genes triggered by pathogen infection and the treatments with salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA), two key signalling molecules in the defence response. Conversely, constitutive over-expression of SIB1 causes the plants to hyper-activate defence-related genes following pathogen infection or the SA and JA treatments, leading to enhanced resistance to infection by P. syringae. SIB1 is a member of the large plant-specific VQ motif-containing protein family, and might act as a link to connect defence signalling with chloroplast function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-D Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
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Cheng Y, Dong Y, Wang J, Dong M, Zou Y, Ren D, Yang X, Li M, Schrader A, Rohr M, Liu W. Moisturizing and anti-sebum secretion effects of cosmetic application on human facial skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2009.00533_2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ma J, Qi W, Ren D, Duan Y, Qiao R, Guo Y, Yang Z, Li L, Milan D, Ren J, Huang L. A genome scan for quantitative trait loci affecting three ear traits in a White Duroc × Chinese Erhualian resource population. Anim Genet 2009; 40:463-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01867.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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34
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Ren D, Chen W, Liu CH, Fu X. Identity processing in multiple-face tracking. J Vis 2009; 9:18.1-15. [DOI: 10.1167/9.5.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Guo Y, Mao H, Ren J, Yan X, Duan Y, Yang G, Ren D, Zhang Z, Yang B, Ouyang J, Brenig B, Haley C, Huang L. A linkage map of the porcine genome from a large-scale White Duroc × Erhualian resource population and evaluation of factors affecting recombination rates. Anim Genet 2009; 40:47-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2008.01802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Du JF, Yang SQ, Ren D, Zhang RQ, Huang NK. Effect of Cu pre-deposition on the interface structure between the C-SiC coatings and stainless steel. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Fu W, Lan H, Li S, Han X, Gao T, Ren D. Synergistic antitumor efficacy of suicide/ePNP gene and 6-methylpurine 2'-deoxyriboside via Salmonella against murine tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2008; 15:474-84. [PMID: 18437183 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2008.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Some anaerobes and facultative anaerobes have been used in tumor-specific gene therapy by reason of their selective growth in tumors. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium as a carrier to deliver the Escherichia coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase (ePNP) gene for GDEPT (gene-directed enzyme-prodrug therapy). A live attenuated purine-auxotrophic strain of S. typhimurium (SC36) was used to carry the pEGFP-C1-ePNP vector that contains a green fluorescent protein (GFP) and an ePNP gene under the control of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. The function of the ePNP expression vector was confirmed in vitro using the enzymic conversion of 6-methylpurine 2'-deoxyriboside (MePdR) into 6-methylpurine. We also observed a high bystander effect induced by the ePNP/MePdR system with a very low proportion (1%) of ePNP-positive cells. The killing effect and increased apoptosis induced by SC/ePNP (SC36 carrying the ePNP expression vector) infection were detected by cytotoxicity assay and PI staining flow cytometry analysis, in combination with MePdR administration. Furthermore, SC/ePNP was administered orally into mice bearing melanomas or pulmonary tumors, and its anti-tumor effect was evaluated. When the tumor was huge (500 mm(3)) at the beginning of MePdR administration, SC/ePNP plus MepdR significantly inhibited tumor growth by about 59-80% and prolonged survival of mice. Complete tumor regression and long-term cure were achieved by MePdR administration, even when the tumor was large (100 mm(3)) at the beginning of MePdR treatment. Our data support a hopeful view that tumor-targeting SC36 could improve antitumor efficacy of the ePNP/MePdR system due to its preferential accumulation and anticancer activity in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Fu
- State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, Department of Genetics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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DeVito Dabbs A, Dew M, Myers B, Hawkins R, Ren D, Begey A, Zomak R, Lo Coco K, McCurry K. 412: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Pocket PATH Versus Standard Care on Self-Care Behaviors after Lung Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2007.11.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ren D, Du JF, Zhang RQ, Yang SQ, Huang NK. Study in the effect of annealing on hydrogen retention properties of C-90%SiC films. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Ren D, Sun R, Wang S. Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase expressed by alveolar macrophages in high mobility group box 1--induced acute lung injury. Inflamm Res 2006; 55:207-15. [PMID: 16830108 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-006-0072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN The role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressed by alveolar macrophages in acute lung injury induced by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was explored. TREATMENTS Primary rat alveolar macrophages (PRAMs) were stimulated with HMGB1 to analyze iNOS expression. Alveolar macrophages and iNOS were inhibited by gadolinium chloride and 1400W in rats challenged by HMGB1 intratracheally. METHODS Western Blot was applied to assay iNOS expression in PRAMs. Indices for acute lung injury in rats were measured. Immunocytochemistry was used to localize iNOS in squarebronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells. The enzyme activities of iNOS and constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) for BAL cells were determined. RESULTS A time- and concentration-dependent response of iNOS expression in PRAMs to HMGB1 induction was observed. Intratracheal instillation of HMGB1 produced persistently exacerbated acute lung inflammation, induction of iNOS in alveolar macrophages and increased lung nitric oxide production in rats. Abrogation of iNOS or macrophages attenuated lung inflammation, nitric oxide in BAL fluid, and iNOS activity of BAL cells, but had no significant effect on cNOS activity of BAL cells in rats challenged by HMGB1. CONCLUSIONS Inducible nitric oxide synthase expressed by alveolar macrophages facilitates the development of HMGB1-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China.
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Wagner AK, Sokoloski JE, Ren D, Chen X, Khan AS, Zafonte RD, Michael AC, Dixon CE. Controlled cortical impact injury affects dopaminergic transmission in the rat striatum. J Neurochem 2005; 95:457-65. [PMID: 16190869 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03382.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic benefits of dopamine (DA) agonists after traumatic brain injury (TBI) imply a role for DA systems in mediating functional deficits post-TBI. We investigated how experimental TBI affects striatal dopamine systems using fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), western blot, and d-amphetamine-induced rotational behavior. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were injured by a controlled cortical impact (CCI) delivered unilaterally to the parietal cortex, or were naïve controls. Amphetamine-induced rotational behavior was assessed 10 days post-CCI. Fourteen days post-CCI, animals were anesthetized and underwent FSCV with bilateral striatal carbon fiber microelectrode placement and stimulating electrode placement in the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Evoked DA overflow was assessed in the striatum as the MFB was electrically stimulated at 60 Hz for 10 s. In 23% of injured animals, but no naïve animals, rotation was observed with amphetamine administration. Compared with naïves, striatal evoked DA overflow was lower for injured animals in the striatum ipsilateral to injury (p < 0.05). Injured animals exhibited a decrease in V(max) (52% of naïve, p < 0.05) for DA clearance in the hemisphere ipsilateral to injury compared with naïves. Dopamine transporter (DAT) expression was proportionally decreased in the striatum ipsilateral to injury compared with naïve animals (60% of naïve, p < 0.05), despite no injury-related changes in vesicular monoamine transporter or D2 receptor expression (DRD2) in this region. Collectively, these data appear to confirm that the clinical efficacy of dopamine agonists in the treatment of TBI may be related to disruptions in the activity of subcortical dopamine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Wagner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Abstract
Information theory is used to analyze the character of signal peptide quantitatively, especially residents. On the basis of the above analysis, a method named simplified information-matrix has been developed to predict the cleavage sites of signal peptides. A comparison between the results of weight-matrix and simplified information-matrix is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- 2002 Master, Department of physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, P. R. China.
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Ren D, Bedzyk LA, Thomas SM, Ye RW, Wood TK. Gene expression in Escherichia coli biofilms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2004; 64:515-24. [PMID: 14727089 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-003-1517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2003] [Revised: 10/31/2003] [Accepted: 11/21/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
DNA microarrays were used to study the gene expression profile of Escherichia coli JM109 and K12 biofilms. Both glass wool in shake flasks and mild steel 1010 plates in continuous reactors were used to create the biofilms. For the biofilms grown on glass wool, 22 genes were induced significantly (p< or =0.05) compared to suspension cells, including several genes for the stress response ( hslS, hslT, hha, and soxS), type I fimbriae ( fimG), metabolism ( metK), and 11 genes of unknown function ( ybaJ, ychM, yefM, ygfA, b1060, b1112, b2377, b3022, b1373, b1601, and b0836). The DNA microarray results were corroborated with RNA dot blotting. For the biofilm grown on mild steel plates, the DNA microarray data showed that, at a specific growth rate of 0.05/h, the mature biofilm after 5 days in the continuous reactors did not exhibit differential gene expression compared to suspension cells although genes were induced at 0.03/h. The present study suggests that biofilm gene expression is strongly associated with environmental conditions and that stress genes are involved in E. coli JM109 biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ren
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3222, USA
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Zhang M, Ren D, Li X, Zhang J. Tumor necrosis factor expression in arterial walls of diabetic rats. J Tongji Med Univ 2003; 19:203-5. [PMID: 12840894 DOI: 10.1007/bf02887734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry was used to detect tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) expression in arterial wall of diabetic rats. It was found that endothelial cells were swollen and markedly proliferative in these vessels and accordingly TNF-alpha showed strong positive immunohistochemical reaction in endothelial cells or extracellular intimal matrix of such vessels, which might be caused by the expression and release of TNF-alpha from monocytes and arterial wall cells stimulated by AGEs. These findings suggested that increased TNF-alpha expression might be associated with vascular damage and remodeling in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan 430030
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Liu D, Cai X, Ren D, Liu R, Lin S, Zeng L, Tang X. [Changes in chloroquine resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in Hainan province]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 17:32-4. [PMID: 12563813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To observe the variation in resistance of Plasmodium falciparum after the cessation of chloroquine medication. METHODS WHO standard in vitro microtest and in vivo test were used. RESULTS In vitro test showed that the rate of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum dropped from 97.9% in 1981 to 26.7% in 1997 (P < 0.001). The mean concentration of chloroquine for complete inhibition of schizont formation declined from 10.46 +/- 7.14 pmol/ul blood in 1981 to 1.63 +/- 1.47 pmol/microliter blood in 1997(P < 0.001). In vivo test showed that the rate of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum decreased from 84.2% in 1981 to 18.4% in 1997(P < 0.001). The proportion of R III cases to the total resistant cases dropped from 53.1% in 1981 to 14.3% in 1997. CONCLUSION A tendency of progressive decline of resistance of the parasite was revealed after the cessation of chloroquine medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Liu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200025
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Gerdin MJ, Masana MI, Ren D, Miller RJ, Dubocovich ML. Short-term exposure to melatonin differentially affects the functional sensitivity and trafficking of the hMT1 and hMT2 melatonin receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 304:931-9. [PMID: 12604667 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.102.044990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The hormone melatonin mediates a variety of physiological functions in mammals through activation of pharmacologically distinct MT(1) and MT(2) G protein-coupled melatonin receptors. We therefore sought to investigate how the receptors were regulated in response to short melatonin exposure. Using 2-[(125)I]iodomelatonin binding, cAMP functional assays, and confocal microscopy, we demonstrated robust differences in specific 2-[(125)I]iodomelatonin binding, receptor desensitization, and cellular trafficking of hMT(1) and hMT(2) melatonin receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells after short (10-min) exposure to melatonin. Exposure to melatonin decreased specific 2-[(125)I]iodomelatonin binding to CHO-MT(2) cells (70.3 +/- 7.6%, n = 3) compared with vehicle controls. The robust decreases in specific binding to the hMT(2) melatonin receptors correlated both with the observed functional desensitization of melatonin to inhibit forskolin-stimulated cAMP formation in CHO-MT(2) cells pretreated with 10 nM melatonin (EC(50) of 159.8 +/- 17.8 nM, n = 3, p < 0.05) versus vehicle (EC(50) of 6.0 +/- 1.2 nM, n = 3), and with the arrestin-dependent internalization of the receptor. In contrast, short exposure of CHO-MT(1) cells to melatonin induced a small decrease in specific 2-[(125)I]iodomelatonin binding (34.2 +/- 13.0%, n = 5) without either desensitization or receptor internalization. We conclude that differential regulation of the hMT(1) and hMT(2) melatonin receptors by the hormone melatonin could underlie temporally regulated signal transduction events mediated by the hormone in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Gerdin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA
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Abstract
AIMS (5Z)-4-Bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-3-butyl-2(5H)-furanone(furanone) of the marine alga Delisea pulchra was synthesized, and its inhibition of swarming motility and biofilm formation of Bacillus subtilis was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Furanone was found to inhibit both the growth of B. subtilis and its swarming motility in a concentration-dependent way. In addition, as shown by confocal scanning laser microscopy, furanone inhibited the biofilm formation of B. subtilis. At 40 microg ml(-1), furanone decreased the biofilm thickness by 25%, decreased the number of water channels, and reduced the percentage of live cells by 63%. CONCLUSIONS, SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Natural furanone has potential for controlling the multicellular behaviour of Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-3222, USA
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Abstract
We examined the effect of acute and chronic opioid treatment on synaptic transmission and mu-opioid receptor (MOR) endocytosis in cultures of naïve rat hippocampal neurons. Opioid agonists that activate MOR inhibited synaptic transmission at inhibitory but not excitatory autapses. [D-Ala(2),N-Me-Phe(4),Gly(5)-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO), morphine, and methadone were all effective at blocking inhibitory transmission. These same drugs also reduced the amplitude of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) currents in inhibitory but not excitatory neurons. Chronic treatment with all three opioids reduced the subsequent effects of a challenge with either the same drug or one of the others in individual autaptic neurons. Chronic treatment with DAMGO or methadone produced internalization of enhanced yellow fluorescent protein-tagged MOR expressed in hippocampal neurons within hours, whereas morphine produced internalization much more slowly, even when accompanied by overexpression of beta-arrestin-2. We conclude that DAMGO, methadone, and morphine all produce tolerance in single hippocampal neurons. Morphine-induced tolerance does not necessarily seem to involve receptor endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bushell
- Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Abstract
The pore-forming subunits of canonical voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels are encoded by four repeated domains of six-transmembrane (6TM) segments. We expressed and characterized a bacterial ion channel (NaChBac) from Bacillus halodurans that is encoded by one 6TM segment. The sequence, especially in the pore region, is similar to that of voltage-gated calcium channels. The expressed channel was activated by voltage and was blocked by calcium channel blockers. However, the channel was selective for sodium. The identification of NaChBac as a functionally expressed bacterial voltage-sensitive ion-selective channel provides insight into both voltage-dependent activation and divalent cation selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ren
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders 1309, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Abstract
The quorum-sensing disrupter (5Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-3-butyl-2(5H)-furanone (furanone) of the alga Delisea pulchra was found to inhibit the swarming motility of Escherichia coli completely at 13 microg cm-2 (also at 20 microg ml-1) but did not inhibit its growth rate at 13-52 microg cm-2 or from 20 to 100 microg ml-1. Swimming was not inhibited by the furanone at 20-40 microg ml-1. In addition, confocal scanning laser microscopy revealed that this furanone at 60 microg ml-1 inhibited the biofilm formation of E. coli, as it decreased its thickness by 55%, reduced the number of water channels and decreased the percentage of live cells by 87%. This suggests that natural furanone may be used as a new method to control bacterial biofilms that does not involve toxicity. Furanone at 10 microg ml-1 also inhibited by 3300-fold the quorum sensing of Vibrio harveyi via autoinducer 1 (AI-1) and inhibited by 5500-fold that of V. harveyi via of autoinducer 2 (AI-2) as well as inhibited by 26-600-fold the quorum sensing of E. coli via AI-2; hence, this furanone is a non-specific intercellular signal antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ren
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, U-3222, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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