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Munley JA, Kelly LS, Gillies GS, Pons EE, Kannan KB, Whitley EM, Bible LE, Efron PA, Mohr AM. Multicompartmental Trauma Induces Persistent Inflammation and Organ Injury. J Surg Res 2024; 293:266-273. [PMID: 37804796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous preclinical models of multicompartmental injury have investigated its effects for durations of less than 72 h and the long-term effects have not been defined. We hypothesized that a model of multicompartmental injury would result in systemic inflammation and multiorgan dysfunction that persists at 1 wk. METHODS Male and proestrus female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 16/group) underwent polytrauma (PT) (unilateral right lung contusion, hemorrhagic shock, cecectomy, bifemoral pseudofractures) and were compared to naive controls. Weight, hemoglobin, plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and plasma toll-like receptor 4 were evaluated on days two and seven. Bilateral lungs were sectioned, stained and assessed for injury at day seven. Comparisons were performed in Graphpad with significance defined as ∗P <0.05. RESULTS Rats who underwent PT had significant weight loss and anemia at day 2 (P = 0.001) compared to naïve rats which persisted at day 7 (P = 0.001). PT rats had elevated plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin at day 2 compared to naïve (P <0.0001) which remained elevated at day 7 (P <0.0001). Plasma toll-like receptor 4 was elevated in PT compared to naïve at day 2 (P = 0.03) and day 7 (P = 0.01). Bilateral lungs showed significant injury in PT cohorts at day 7 compared to naïve (P <0.0004). PT males had worse renal function at day seven compared to females (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Multicompartmental trauma induces systemic inflammation and multiorgan dysfunction without recovery by day seven. However, females demonstrate improved renal recovery compared to males. Long-term assessment of preclinical PT models are crucial to better understand and evaluate future therapeutic immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Munley
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Lauren S Kelly
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gwendolyn S Gillies
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Erick E Pons
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kolenkode B Kannan
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - Letitia E Bible
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Philip A Efron
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Alicia M Mohr
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
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Munley JA, Kelly LS, Gillies GS, Pons EE, Coldwell PS, Kannan KB, Whitley EM, Bible LE, Efron PA, Mohr AM. NARROWING THE GAP: PRECLINICAL TRAUMA WITH POSTINJURY SEPSIS MODEL WITH INCREASED CLINICAL RELEVANCE. Shock 2023; 60:272-279. [PMID: 37310788 PMCID: PMC10526624 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background : Overall outcomes for trauma patients have improved over time. However, mortality for postinjury sepsis is unchanged. The use of relevant preclinical studies remains necessary to understand mechanistic changes after injury and sepsis at the cellular and molecular level. We hypothesized that a preclinical rodent model of multicompartmental injury with postinjury pneumonia and chronic stress would replicate inflammation and organ injury similar to trauma patients in the intensive care unit. Methods : Male and proestrus female Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 16/group) were subjected to either polytrauma (PT) (lung contusion, hemorrhagic shock, cecectomy, and bifemoral pseudofracture), PT with daily chronic restraint stress (PT/CS), PT with postinjury day one Pseudomonas pneumonia (PT + PNA), PT/CS with pneumonia (PT/CS + PNA) or naive controls. Weight, white blood cell count, plasma toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), urine norepinephrine (NE), hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and bilateral lung histology were evaluated. Results : PT + PNA and PT/CS + PNA groups lost more weight compared with those without sepsis (PT, PT/CS) and naive rats ( P < 0.03). Similarly, both PT + PNA and PT/CS + PNA had increased leukocytosis and plasma TLR4 compared with uninfected counterparts. Urine NE was elevated in PT + PNA and PT/CS + PNA compared with naive ( P < 0.03), with PT/CS + PNA exhibiting the highest levels. PT/CS + PNA exhibited worse acute kidney injury with elevated serum creatinine compared with PT/CS ( P = 0.008). PT/CS + PNA right and left lung injury scores were worse than PT + PNA ( P < 0.01). Conclusions : Sepsis, with postinjury pneumonia, induced significant systemic inflammation, organ dysfunction following polytrauma and chronic stress. Advanced animal models that replicate the critically ill human condition will help overcome the classic limitations of previous experimental models and enhance their translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Munley
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Lauren S. Kelly
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gwendolyn S. Gillies
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Erick E. Pons
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Preston S. Coldwell
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kolenkode B. Kannan
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - Letita E. Bible
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Philip A. Efron
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Alicia M. Mohr
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
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Chachad D, Patel LR, Recio CV, Pourebrahim R, Whitley EM, Wang W, Su X, Xu A, Lee DF, Lozano G. Unique Transcriptional Profiles Underlie Osteosarcomagenesis Driven by Different p53 Mutants. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2297-2311. [PMID: 37205631 PMCID: PMC10524763 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the DNA binding domain of p53 are characterized as structural or contact mutations based on their effect on the conformation of the protein. These mutations show gain-of-function (GOF) activities, such as promoting increased metastatic incidence compared with p53 loss, often mediated by the interaction of mutant p53 with a set of transcription factors. These interactions are largely context specific. To understand the mechanisms by which p53 DNA binding domain mutations drive osteosarcoma progression, we created mouse models, in which either the p53 structural mutant p53R172H or the contact mutant p53R245W are expressed specifically in osteoblasts, yielding osteosarcoma tumor development. Survival significantly decreased and metastatic incidence increased in mice expressing p53 mutants compared with p53-null mice, suggesting GOF. RNA sequencing of primary osteosarcomas revealed vastly different gene expression profiles between tumors expressing the missense mutants and p53-null tumors. Further, p53R172H and p53R245W each regulated unique transcriptomes and pathways through interactions with a distinct repertoire of transcription factors. Validation assays showed that p53R245W, but not p53R172H, interacts with KLF15 to drive migration and invasion in osteosarcoma cell lines and promotes metastasis in allogeneic transplantation models. In addition, analyses of p53R248W chromatin immunoprecipitation peaks showed enrichment of KLF15 motifs in human osteoblasts. Taken together, these data identify unique mechanisms of action of the structural and contact mutants of p53. SIGNIFICANCE The p53 DNA binding domain contact mutant p53R245W, but not the structural mutant p53R172H, interacts with KLF15 to drive metastasis in somatic osteosarcoma, providing a potential vulnerability in tumors expressing p53R245W mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Chachad
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Genetics, University District Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico (current)
| | - Lalit R. Patel
- Department of Genetics, University District Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico (current)
| | - Carlos Vera Recio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University District Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico (current)
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Rasoul Pourebrahim
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Elizabeth M. Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
- Pathogenesis L.L.C., Ocala, Florida (current)
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - An Xu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Dung-Fang Lee
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- Department of Genetics, University District Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico (current)
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Gencel-Augusto J, Su X, Qi Y, Whitley EM, Pant V, Xiong S, Shah V, Lin J, Perez E, Fiorotto ML, Mahmud I, Jain AK, Lorenzi PL, Navin NE, Richie ER, Lozano G. Dimeric p53 Mutant Elicits Unique Tumor-Suppressive Activities through an Altered Metabolic Program. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1230-1249. [PMID: 37067911 PMCID: PMC10164062 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-related alterations of the p53 tetramerization domain (TD) abrogate wild-type (WT) p53 function. They result in a protein that preferentially forms monomers or dimers, which are also normal p53 states under basal cellular conditions. However, their physiologic relevance is not well understood. We have established in vivo models for monomeric and dimeric p53, which model Li-Fraumeni syndrome patients with germline p53 TD alterations. p53 monomers are inactive forms of the protein. Unexpectedly, p53 dimers conferred some tumor suppression that is not mediated by canonical WT p53 activities. p53 dimers upregulate the PPAR pathway. These activities are associated with lower prevalence of thymic lymphomas and increased CD8+ T-cell differentiation. Lymphomas derived from dimeric p53 mice show cooperating alterations in the PPAR pathway, further implicating a role for these activities in tumor suppression. Our data reveal novel functions for p53 dimers and support the exploration of PPAR agonists as therapies. SIGNIFICANCE New mouse models with TP53R342P (monomer) or TP53A347D (dimer) mutations mimic Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Although p53 monomers lack function, p53 dimers conferred noncanonical tumor-suppressive activities. We describe novel activities for p53 dimers facilitated by PPARs and propose these are "basal" p53 activities. See related commentary by Stieg et al., p. 1046. See related article by Choe et al., p. 1250. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1027.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovanka Gencel-Augusto
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MDACC
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MDACC
| | | | - Vinod Pant
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Shunbin Xiong
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Vrutant Shah
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Jerome Lin
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | | | - Marta L. Fiorotto
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MDACC
- Metabolomics Core Facility, MDACC
| | - Abhinav K. Jain
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, MDACC
| | - Philip L. Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MDACC
- Metabolomics Core Facility, MDACC
| | - Nicholas E. Navin
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
| | - Ellen R. Richie
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, MDACC
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC)
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Damasco JA, Yu G, Kumar A, Perez J, Lirag RCM, Whitley EM, Lin SH, Melancon MP. Alendronate conjugate for targeted delivery to bone-forming prostate cancer. Talanta 2023; 256:124308. [PMID: 36774896 PMCID: PMC10031627 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Bone is the primary metastasis site for lethal prostate cancer, often resulting in poor prognosis, crippling pain, and diminished functioning that drastically reduce both quality of life and survivability Uniquely, prostate cancer bone metastasis induces aberrant bone overgrowth, due to an increase of osteoblasts induced by tumor-secreted bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). Conjugating drugs to substances that target the tumor-induced bone area within the metastatic tumor foci would be a promising strategy for drug delivery. To develop such a strategy, we conjugated a near infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, the dye Cy5.5, to serve as a surrogate for drugs, with alendronate, which targets bone. Characterization, such as infrared spectroscopy, confirmed the synthesis of the Cy5.5-ALN conjugate. The maximum absorbance of free Cy5.5, which was at 675 nm, did not change upon conjugation. Alendronate targeted the bone component hydroxyapatite in a dose-dependent manner up to 2.5 μM, with a maximum of 85% of Cy5.5-ALN bound to hydroxyapatite, while free Cy5.5 alone had 6% binding. In in vitro cell binding studies, Cy5.5-ALN bound specifically with mineralized bone matrix of differentiated MC3T3-E1 cells or 2H11 endothelial cells that were induced to become osteoblasts through endothelial-to-osteoblast transition, the underlying mechanism of prostate-cancer-induced bone formation. Neither Cy5.5-ALN nor free Cy5.5 bound to undifferentiated MC3T3-E1 or 2H11 cells. Bone-targeting efficiency studies in non-tumor-bearing mice revealed accumulation over time in the spine, jaw, knees, and paws injected with Cy5.5-ALN, and quantification showed higher accumulation in femurs than in muscle at up to 28 days, while the free Cy5.5 dye was observed circulating without preferential accumulation and decreased over time. There was a linear relationship with fluorescence when the injected concentration of Cy5.5-ALN was between 0.313 and 1.25 nmol/27 g of mouse, as quantified in mouse femurs both in vivo and ex vivo. Ex vivo evaluation of bone-targeting efficiency in nude mice was 3 times higher for bone-forming C4-2b-BMP4 tumors compared to non-bone-forming C4-2b tumors (p-value <0.001). Fluorescence microscopy imaging of the tumors showed that Cy5.5-ALN co-localized with the bone matrix surrounding tumor-induced bone, but not with the viable tumor cells. Together, these results suggest that a drug-ALN conjugate is a promising approach for targeted delivery of drug to the tumor-induced bone area in the metastatic foci of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossana A Damasco
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Guoyu Yu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77004, USA.
| | - Joy Perez
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Rio Carlo M Lirag
- Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Engineering, Cameron University-Duncan, Duncan, OK 73533, USA.
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, And The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Sue-Hwa Lin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Marites P Melancon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Zhou Y, Medik YB, Patel B, Zamler DB, Chen S, Chapman T, Schneider S, Park EM, Babcock RL, Chrisikos TT, Kahn LM, Dyevoich AM, Pineda JE, Wong MC, Mishra AK, Cass SH, Cogdill AP, Johnson DH, Johnson SB, Wani K, Ledesma DA, Hudgens CW, Wang J, Wadud Khan MA, Peterson CB, Joon AY, Peng W, Li HS, Arora R, Tang X, Raso MG, Zhang X, Foo WC, Tetzlaff MT, Diehl GE, Clise-Dwyer K, Whitley EM, Gubin MM, Allison JP, Hwu P, Ajami NJ, Diab A, Wargo JA, Watowich SS. Intestinal toxicity to CTLA-4 blockade driven by IL-6 and myeloid infiltration. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221333. [PMID: 36367776 PMCID: PMC9664499 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet quality of life and continuation of therapy can be constrained by immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Limited understanding of irAE mechanisms hampers development of approaches to mitigate their damage. To address this, we examined whether mice gained sensitivity to anti-CTLA-4 (αCTLA-4)-mediated toxicity upon disruption of gut homeostatic immunity. We found αCTLA-4 drove increased inflammation and colonic tissue damage in mice with genetic predisposition to intestinal inflammation, acute gastrointestinal infection, transplantation with a dysbiotic fecal microbiome, or dextran sodium sulfate administration. We identified an immune signature of αCTLA-4-mediated irAEs, including colonic neutrophil accumulation and systemic interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. IL-6 blockade combined with antibiotic treatment reduced intestinal damage and improved αCTLA-4 therapeutic efficacy in inflammation-prone mice. Intestinal immune signatures were validated in biopsies from patients with ICB colitis. Our work provides new preclinical models of αCTLA-4 intestinal irAEs, mechanistic insights into irAE development, and potential approaches to enhance ICB efficacy while mitigating irAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yusra B. Medik
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Bhakti Patel
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Daniel B. Zamler
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Sijie Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas Chapman
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sarah Schneider
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Elizabeth M. Park
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Rachel L. Babcock
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Taylor T. Chrisikos
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Laura M. Kahn
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Allison M. Dyevoich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Josue E. Pineda
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Matthew C. Wong
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Aditya K. Mishra
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Samuel H. Cass
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Alexandria P. Cogdill
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Daniel H. Johnson
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sarah B. Johnson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Khalida Wani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Debora A. Ledesma
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Courtney W. Hudgens
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Md Abdul Wadud Khan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Christine B. Peterson
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Aron Y. Joon
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Weiyi Peng
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Haiyan S. Li
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Reetakshi Arora
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ximing Tang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xuegong Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wai Chin Foo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Michael T. Tetzlaff
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Gretchen E. Diehl
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Karen Clise-Dwyer
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Elizabeth M. Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Matthew M. Gubin
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - James P. Allison
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Patrick Hwu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nadim J. Ajami
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Adi Diab
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jennifer A. Wargo
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Stephanie S. Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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7
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Munley JA, Kelly LS, Pons EE, Kannan KB, Coldwell PS, Whitley EM, Gillies GS, Efron PA, Nagpal R, Mohr AM. Multicompartmental traumatic injury and the microbiome: Shift to a pathobiome. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023; 94:15-22. [PMID: 36203239 PMCID: PMC9805505 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous animal models have demonstrated altered gut microbiome after mild traumatic injury; however, the impact of injury severity and critical illness is unknown. We hypothesized that a rodent model of severe multicompartmental injuries and chronic stress would demonstrate microbiome alterations toward a "pathobiome" characterized by an overabundance of pathogenic organisms, which would persist 1 week after injury. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8 per group) were subjected to either multiple injuries (PT) (lung contusion, hemorrhagic shock, cecectomy, and bifemoral pseudofractures), PT plus daily chronic restraint stress for 2 hours (PT/CS), or naive controls. Fecal microbiome was measured on days 0, 3, and 7 using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology 2 bioinformatics analysis. Microbial α diversity was assessed using Chao1 and Shannon indices, and β diversity with principle coordinate analysis. Intestinal permeability was evaluated by plasma occludin; ileum and descending colon tissues were reviewed for injury. Analyses were performed in GraphPad (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA) and R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria), with significance defined as p < 0.05. RESULTS There were significant alterations in β diversity at day 3 and between all groups. By day 3, both PT and PT/CS demonstrated significantly depleted bacterial diversity (Chao1) ( p = 0.01 and p = 0.001, respectively) versus naive, which persisted up to day 7 in PT/CS only ( p = 0.001). Anaerostipes and Rothia dominated PT and Lactobacillus bloomed in PT/CS cohorts by day 7. Plasma occludin was significantly elevated in PT/CS compared with naive ( p = 0.04), and descending colon of both PT and PT/CS showed significantly higher injury compared with naive ( p = 0.005, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Multiple injuries with and without chronic stress induces significant alterations in microbiome diversity and composition within 3 days; these changes are more prominent and persist for 1 week postinjury with stress. This rapid and persistent transition to a "pathobiome" phenotype represents a critical phenomenon that may influence outcomes after severe trauma and critical illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Munley
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Lauren S. Kelly
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Erick E. Pons
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kolenkode B. Kannan
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Preston S. Coldwell
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - Gwendolyn S. Gillies
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Philip A. Efron
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, Florida State University College of Health and Human Sciences, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Alicia M. Mohr
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
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8
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Sun C, Estrella JS, Whitley EM, Chau GP, Lozano G, Wasylishen AR. Mouse modeling provides insights into Daxx and Atrx tumor suppressive mechanisms in the endocrine pancreas. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:276356. [PMID: 35976056 PMCID: PMC9438929 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome sequencing has revealed the importance of epigenetic regulators in tumorigenesis. The genes encoding the chromatin remodeling complex DAXX:ATRX are frequently mutated in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs); however, the underlying mechanisms of how mutations contribute to tumorigenesis are only partially understood, in part because of the lack of relevant pre-clinical models. Here we used genetically engineered mouse models combined with environmental stress to evaluate the tumor suppressor functions of Daxx and Atrx in the mouse pancreas. Daxx or Atrx loss, alone or in combination with Men1 loss, do not drive nor accelerate pancreatic neuroendocrine tumorigenesis. Moreover, Daxx loss does not cooperate with environmental stresses (ionizing radiation or pancreatitis) or with the loss of other tumor suppressors (Pten or p53) to promote pancreatic neuroendocrine tumorigenesis. However, due to promiscuity of the Cre promoter used, hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and osteosarcomas were observed in some instances. Overall, our findings suggest that Daxx and Atrx are not robust tumor suppressors in the endocrine pancreas of mice and indicate the context of a human genome is essential for tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Genetics and Epigenetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeannelyn S Estrella
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gilda P Chau
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Genetics and Epigenetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amanda R Wasylishen
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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9
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Zhou Y, Medik YB, Patel B, Zamler DB, Chen S, Chapman T, Schneider S, Babcock RL, Chrisikos TT, Kahn LM, Dyevoich AM, Park EM, Cogdill AP, Johnson DH, Johnson SB, Wani KM, Ledesma DA, Hudgens CW, Wang J, Khan MAW, Joon AY, Peng W, Li HS, Arora R, Tang X, Raso MG, Zhang X, Foo WC, Tetzlaff MT, Diehl GE, Clise-Dwyer K, Whitley EM, Gubin MM, Allison JP, Hwu P, Ajami NJ, Diab A, Wargo JA, Watowich SS. Abstract 5545: Intestinal toxicity to CTLA-4 blockade driven by IL-6 and myeloid infiltration. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Immunotherapies such as anti-CTLA-4 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) have revolutionized cancer treatment, yet quality of life and continuation of therapy can be constrained by off-target tissue damage or immune-related adverse events (irAEs). At present, there is limited understanding of irAE mechanisms, hampering development of approaches to mitigate their damage. We addressed this problem by generating animal models of intestinal irAE. Our results show that disruption of homeostatic immunity by genetic predisposition to intestinal inflammation or acute gastrointestinal infection sensitizes mice to anti-CTLA-4-mediated intestinal toxicity. Inflammation-prone mice treated with anti-CTLA-4 showed neutrophil accumulation, systemic interleukin-6 (IL-6) release, and dysbiosis. Significantly, IL-6 blockade combined with antibiotic treatment improved anti-CTLA-4 therapeutic efficacy and reduced intestinal irAEs. Immune signatures were validated in biopsies from patients who developed colitis during ICB, supporting the utility of our models. This study provides new pre-clinical models, mechanistic insight into irAEs, and potential approaches to enhance ICB efficacy while mitigating irAEs.
Citation Format: Yifan Zhou, Yusra B. Medik, Bhakti Patel, Daniel B. Zamler, Sijie Chen, Thomas Chapman, Sarah Schneider, Rachel L. Babcock, Taylor T. Chrisikos, Laura M. Kahn, Allison M. Dyevoich, Elizabeth M. Park, Alexandria P. Cogdill, Daniel H. Johnson, Sarah B. Johnson, Khalida M. Wani, Debora A. Ledesma, Courtney W. Hudgens, Jingjing Wang, Md Abdul Wadud Khan, Aron Y. Joon, Weiyi Peng, Haiyan S. Li, Reetakshi Arora, Ximing Tang, Maria Gabriela Raso, Xuegong Zhang, Wai Chin Foo, Michael T. Tetzlaff, Gretchen E. Diehl, Karen Clise-Dwyer, Elizabeth M. Whitley, Matthew M. Gubin, James P. Allison, Patrick Hwu, Nadim J. Ajami, Adi Diab, Jennifer A. Wargo, Stephanie S. Watowich. Intestinal toxicity to CTLA-4 blockade driven by IL-6 and myeloid infiltration [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5545.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yusra B. Medik
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Bhakti Patel
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Thomas Chapman
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sarah Schneider
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Laura M. Kahn
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Khalida M. Wani
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Jingjing Wang
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Aron Y. Joon
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Weiyi Peng
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Haiyan S. Li
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Reetakshi Arora
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ximing Tang
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Wai Chin Foo
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrick Hwu
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nadim J. Ajami
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Adi Diab
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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10
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Xiong S, Chachad D, Zhang Y, Gencel-Augusto J, Sirito M, Pant V, Yang P, Sun C, Chau G, Qi Y, Su X, Whitley EM, El-Naggar AK, Lozano G. Differential Gain-of-Function Activity of Three p53 Hotspot Mutants In Vivo. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1926-1936. [PMID: 35320355 PMCID: PMC9117479 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The majority of TP53 missense mutations identified in cancer patients are in the DNA-binding domain and are characterized as either structural or contact mutations. These missense mutations exhibit inhibitory effects on wild-type p53 activity. More importantly, these mutations also demonstrate gain-of-function (GOF) activities characterized by increased metastasis, poor prognosis, and drug resistance. To better understand the activities by which TP53 mutations, identified in Li-Fraumeni syndrome, contribute to tumorigenesis, we generated mice harboring a novel germline Trp53R245W allele (contact mutation) and compared them with existing models with Trp53R172H (structural mutation) and Trp53R270H (contact mutation) alleles. Thymocytes from heterozygous mice showed that all three hotspot mutations exhibited similar inhibitory effects on wild-type p53 transcription in vivo, and tumors from these mice had similar levels of loss of heterozygosity. However, the overall survival of Trp53R245W/+ and Trp53R270H/+ mice, but not Trp53R172H/+ mice, was significantly shorter than that of Trp53+/- mice, providing strong evidence for p53-mutant-specific GOF contributions to tumor development. Furthermore, Trp53R245W/+ and Trp53R270H/+ mice had more osteosarcoma metastases than Trp53R172H/+ mice, suggesting that these two contact mutants have stronger GOF in driving osteosarcoma metastasis. Transcriptomic analyses using RNA sequencing data from Trp53R172H/+, Trp53R245W/+, and Trp53R270H/+ primary osteosarcomas in comparison with Trp53+/- indicated that GOF of the three mutants was mediated by distinct pathways. Thus, both the inhibitory effect of mutant over wild-type p53 and GOF activities of mutant p53 contributed to tumorigenesis in vivo. Targeting p53 mutant-specific pathways may be important for therapeutic outcomes in osteosarcoma. SIGNIFICANCE p53 hotspot mutants inhibit wild-type p53 similarly but differ in their GOF activities, with stronger tumor-promoting activity in contact mutants and distinct protein partners of each mutant driving tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunbin Xiong
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Dhruv Chachad
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
- Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas
| | - Jovanka Gencel-Augusto
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
- Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Mario Sirito
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Vinod Pant
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Peirong Yang
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Chang Sun
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
- Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Gilda Chau
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Adel K El-Naggar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
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11
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Damasco JA, Huang SY, Perez JVD, Manongdo JAT, Dixon KA, Williams ML, Jacobsen MC, Barbosa R, Canlas GM, Chintalapani G, Melancon AD, Layman RR, Fowlkes NW, Whitley EM, Melancon MP. Bismuth Nanoparticle and Polyhydroxybutyrate Coatings Enhance the Radiopacity of Absorbable Inferior Vena Cava Filters for Fluoroscopy-Guided Placement and Longitudinal Computed Tomography Monitoring in Pigs. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1676-1685. [PMID: 35343679 PMCID: PMC9045416 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inferior vena cava filters (IVCFs) constructed with poly-p-dioxanone (PPDO) are promising alternatives to metallic filters and their associated risks and complications. Incorporating high-Z nanoparticles (NPs) improves PPDO IVCFs' radiopacity without adversely affecting their safety or performance. However, increased radiopacity from these studies are insufficient for filter visualization during fluoroscopy-guided PPDO IVCF deployment. This study focuses on the use of bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) as radiopacifiers to render sufficient signal intensity for the fluoroscopy-guided deployment and long-term CT monitoring of PPDO IVCFs. The use of polyhydroxybutyate (PHB) as an additional layer to increase the surface adsorption of NPs resulted in a 2-fold increase in BiNP coating (BiNP-PPDO IVCFs, 3.8%; BiNP-PPDO + PHB IVCFs, 6.2%), enabling complete filter visualization during fluoroscopy-guided IVCF deployment and, 1 week later, clot deployment. The biocompatibility, clot-trapping efficacy, and mechanical strength of the control PPDO (load-at-break, 6.23 ± 0.13 kg), BiNP-PPDO (6.10 ± 0.09 kg), and BiNP-PPDO + PHB (6.15 ± 0.13 kg) IVCFs did not differ significantly over a 12-week monitoring period in pigs. These results indicate that BiNP-PPDO + PHB can increase the radiodensity of a novel absorbable IVCF without compromising device strength. Visualizing the device under conventional radiographic imaging is key to allow safe and effective clinical translation of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossana A Damasco
- Departments of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Steven Y Huang
- Departments of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Joy Vanessa D Perez
- Departments of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | | | - Katherine A Dixon
- Departments of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Malea L Williams
- Departments of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Megan C Jacobsen
- Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Roland Barbosa
- Covalent Metrology Sunnyvale, Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States
| | - Gino Martin Canlas
- Department of Chemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | | | - Adam D Melancon
- Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Rick R Layman
- Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Natalie W Fowlkes
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Marites P Melancon
- Departments of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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12
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Behrana Jensen V, Humphreys AF, Pageon LR, Samuels DL, Trimble AL, Mendoza A, Whitley EM. Pathology in Practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2022; 259:1-4. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.19.12.0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Pathologists
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Behrana Jensen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Alan F. Humphreys
- Center for Comparative Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Dawn L. Samuels
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Amanda L. Trimble
- Center for Laboratory Animal Medicine and Care, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - Elizabeth M. Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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13
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Cortes AC, Nishiofuku H, Polak U, Minhaj AA, Lopez MS, Kichikawa K, Qayyum A, Whitley EM, Avritscher R. Effect of bead size and doxorubicin loading on tumor cellular injury after transarterial embolization and chemoembolization in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Nanomedicine 2022; 39:102465. [PMID: 34571240 PMCID: PMC9206412 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Embolic agents used in transarterial embolization for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma reduce blood flow into tumors and can deliver anticancer drugs. Tumor blood supply can be interrupted using doxorubicin-eluting beads (DEB-TACE) or non-loaded beads (TAE) of different calibers. In this preclinical study, we characterized the extent of remaining stressed tumor cells after treatment, hypoxia within the surviving tumor regions, and inflammatory immune cell infiltrates after embolization with 40-60 or 70-150 μm with non-loaded or doxorubicin-loaded beads at 3 and 7 days after treatment. TAE-treated tumors had more stressed and surviving tumor cells after 3 days, irrespective of bead size, compared with DEB-TACE-treated tumors. Hypoxic stress of residual cells increased after treatment with 70-150 μm beads without or with doxorubicin. Treatment with DEB-TACE of 70-150 μm resulted in increased inflammation and proliferation in the adjacent parenchyma. Inflammatory cell infiltrates were reduced at the periphery of tumors treated with 40-60 μm DEB-TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Cortes
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hideyuki Nishiofuku
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX,Department of Radiology, IVR Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Urszula Polak
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Adeeb A Minhaj
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mirtha S Lopez
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kimihiko Kichikawa
- Department of Radiology, IVR Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Aliya Qayyum
- Department of Abdominal Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Elizabeth M. Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Rony Avritscher
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX,Corresponding author at: Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. (R. Avritscher)
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14
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Stolley DL, Crouch AC, Özkan A, Seeley EH, Whitley EM, Rylander MN, Cressman ENK. Combining Chemistry and Engineering for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Nano-Scale and Smaller Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1243. [PMID: 33419304 PMCID: PMC7766014 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major worldwide cause of death from carcinoma. Most patients are not candidates for surgery and medical therapies, including new immunotherapies, have not shown major improvements since the modest benefit seen with the introduction of sorafenib over a decade ago. Locoregional therapies for intermediate stage disease are not curative but provide some benefit. However, upon close scrutiny, there is still residual disease in most cases. We review the current status for treatment of intermediate stage disease, summarize the literature on correlative histopathology, and discuss emerging methods at micro-, nano-, and pico-scales to improve therapy. These include transarterial hyperthermia methods and thermoembolization, along with microfluidics model systems and new applications of mass spectrometry imaging for label-free analysis of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L. Stolley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (D.L.S.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Anna Colleen Crouch
- Interventional Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.C.C.); (E.M.W.)
| | - Aliçan Özkan
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Erin H. Seeley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Elizabeth M. Whitley
- Interventional Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.C.C.); (E.M.W.)
| | - Marissa Nichole Rylander
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (D.L.S.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Erik N. K. Cressman
- Interventional Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.C.C.); (E.M.W.)
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15
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Cascio MJ, Whitley EM, Sahay B, Cortes-Hinojosa G, Chang LJ, Cowart J, Salute M, Sayour E, Dark M, Sandoval Z, Mitchell DA, Milner RJ. Canine osteosarcoma checkpoint expression correlates with metastasis and T-cell infiltrate. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 232:110169. [PMID: 33387703 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-targeted therapies are being successfully implemented into cancer clinical practice. In particular checkpoint inhibitors are employed to modulate the immune microenvironment of solid tumors. We sought to determine the expression of PD-L1, HVEM, and B7H3 in human and canine osteosarcoma, and correlate expression with clinical features and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in naturally-occurring canine osteosarcoma. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to measure ligand surface expression of five human and three canine cell lines. Immunohistochemistry was utilized for expression of ligands and lymphocyte markers in thirty-seven treatment-naïve canine osteosarcoma patients. RESULTS All cell lines expressed all three ligands at variable levels in both species. Metastatic lesions were associated with higher expression of all three ligands in patient tumor samples. PD-L1 expression strongly correlated with B7H3 and HVEM expression, while HVEM and B7H3 were weakly correlated. Whereas peritumoral T-cell expression positively correlated with PD-L1 and HVEM tumor expression, the presence of T-cells intratumorally were rare. Furthermore, intratumor penetration by T-cells was greatest in metastatic lesions, despite log-fold increases in peritumoral T-cells. In summary, PD-L1, HVEM, and B7H3 are expressed in osteosarcoma, with metastatic disease lesions expressing higher levels. We show for the first time that these ligands expressed on osteosarcoma cells positively correlate with each other and the presence of peritumoral T cell infiltration. Furthermore, osteosarcoma appears to be an intratumoral immune desert with significant resistance to effector T cells. Multiple agents targeting checkpoints are in clinical practice, and may have immune modulating benefit in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Cascio
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd, RMHD204, PO Box 100298, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Pathologist Pathogenesis, LLC PO Box 140164, Gainesville, FL, 32614, United States
| | - Bikash Sahay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary, Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100880, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0126, United States
| | - Galaxia Cortes-Hinojosa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul-Santiago, 7820436, Chile
| | - Lung-Ji Chang
- Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100266, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0266, United States
| | - Jonathan Cowart
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100126, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0126, United States
| | - Marc Salute
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100126, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0126, United States
| | - Elias Sayour
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd, RMHD204, PO Box 100298, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100265, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0265, United States
| | - Michael Dark
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic & Population Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100123, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0123, United States
| | - Zachary Sandoval
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, 32608, United States
| | - Duane A Mitchell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100265, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0265, United States
| | - Rowan J Milner
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100126, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0126, United States
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Perez JVD, Singhana B, Damasco J, Lu L, Behlau P, Rojo RD, Whitley EM, Heralde F, Melancon A, Huang S, Melancon MP. Radiopaque scaffolds based on electrospun iodixanol/polycaprolactone fibrous composites. Materialia (Oxf) 2020; 14:100874. [PMID: 32954230 PMCID: PMC7497787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Grafts based on biodegradable polymer scaffolds are increasingly used in tissue-engineering applications as they facilitate natural tissue regeneration. However, monitoring the position and integrity of these scaffolds over time is challenging due to radiolucency. In this study, we used an electrospinning method to fabricate biodegradable scaffolds based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and iodixanol, a clinical contrast agent. Scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice and monitored in vivo using longitudinal X-ray imaging and micro-computed tomography (CT). The addition of iodixanol altered the physicochemical properties of the PCL scaffold; notably, as the iodixanol concentration increased, the fiber diameter decreased. Radiopacity was achieved with corresponding signal enhancement as iodine concentration increased while exhibiting a steady time-dependent decrease of 0.96% per day in vivo. The electrospun scaffolds had similar performance with tissue culture-treated polystyrene in supporting the attachment, viability, and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Furthermore, implanted PCL-I scaffolds had more intense acute inflammatory infiltrate and thicker layers of maturing fibrous tissue. In conclusion, we developed radiopaque, biodegradable, biocompatible scaffolds whose position and integrity can be monitored noninvasively. The successful development of other imaging enhancers may further expand the use of biodegradable scaffolds in tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Vanessa D Perez
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, National Capital Region 1000, Philippines
| | - Burapol Singhana
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Innovative Nanomedicine Research Unit, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Jossana Damasco
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Linfeng Lu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul Behlau
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Raniv D Rojo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, National Capital Region 1000, Philippines
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Francisco Heralde
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, National Capital Region 1000, Philippines
| | - Adam Melancon
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Steven Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marites Pasuelo Melancon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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17
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Chakravarti D, Hu B, Mao X, Rashid A, Li J, Li J, Liao WT, Whitley EM, Dey P, Hou P, LaBella KA, Chang A, Wang G, Spring DJ, Deng P, Zhao D, Liang X, Lan Z, Lin Y, Sarkar S, Terranova C, Deribe YL, Blutt SE, Okhuysen P, Zhang J, Vilar E, Nielsen OH, Dupont A, Younes M, Patel KR, Shroyer NF, Rai K, Estes MK, Wang YA, Bertuch AA, DePinho RA. Telomere dysfunction activates YAP1 to drive tissue inflammation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4766. [PMID: 32958778 PMCID: PMC7505960 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18420-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline telomere maintenance defects are associated with an increased incidence of inflammatory diseases in humans, yet whether and how telomere dysfunction causes inflammation are not known. Here, we show that telomere dysfunction drives pATM/c-ABL-mediated activation of the YAP1 transcription factor, up-regulating the major pro-inflammatory factor, pro-IL-18. The colonic microbiome stimulates cytosolic receptors activating caspase-1 which cleaves pro-IL-18 into mature IL-18, leading to recruitment of interferon (IFN)-γ-secreting T cells and intestinal inflammation. Correspondingly, patients with germline telomere maintenance defects exhibit DNA damage (γH2AX) signaling together with elevated YAP1 and IL-18 expression. In mice with telomere dysfunction, telomerase reactivation in the intestinal epithelium or pharmacological inhibition of ATM, YAP1, or caspase-1 as well as antibiotic treatment, dramatically reduces IL-18 and intestinal inflammation. Thus, telomere dysfunction-induced activation of the ATM-YAP1-pro-IL-18 pathway in epithelium is a key instigator of tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepavali Chakravarti
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Xizeng Mao
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Asif Rashid
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jiexi Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wen-Ting Liao
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Prasenjit Dey
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Pingping Hou
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kyle A LaBella
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Andrew Chang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Guocan Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Denise J Spring
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pingna Deng
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhengdao Lan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Yiyun Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sharmistha Sarkar
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Christopher Terranova
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yonathan Lissanu Deribe
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sarah E Blutt
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pablo Okhuysen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eduardo Vilar
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ole Haagen Nielsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Andrew Dupont
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mamoun Younes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School and Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kalyani R Patel
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Noah F Shroyer
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kunal Rai
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mary K Estes
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Y Alan Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alison A Bertuch
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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18
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Huang SY, Damasco JA, Tian L, Lu L, Perez JVD, Dixon KA, Williams ML, Jacobsen MC, Dria SJ, Eggers MD, Melancon AD, Layman RR, Whitley EM, Melancon MP. In vivo performance of gold nanoparticle-loaded absorbable inferior vena cava filters in a swine model. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:3966-3978. [PMID: 32558854 PMCID: PMC7386069 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00414f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Absorbable inferior vena cava filters (IVCFs) offer a promising alternative to metallic retrievable filters in providing protection against pulmonary embolism (PE) for patients contraindicated for anticoagulant therapy. However, because absorbable filters are not radiopaque, monitoring of the filter using conventional X-ray imaging modalities (e.g. plain film radiographs, computed tomography [CT] and fluoroscopy) during deployment and follow-up is not possible and represents a potential obstacle to widespread clinical integration of the device. Here, we demonstrate that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) infused into biodegradable filters made up of poly-p-dioxanone (PPDO) may improve device radiopacity without untoward effects on device efficacy and safety, as assessed in swine models for 12 weeks. The absorbable AuNP-infused filters demonstrated significantly improved visualization using CT without affecting tensile strength, in vitro degradation, in vivo resorption, or thrombus-capturing efficacy, as compared to similar non-AuNPs infused resorbable IVCFs. This study presents a significant advancement to the development of imaging enhancers for absorbable IVCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Y Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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19
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Sheth RA, Wen X, Li J, Melancon MP, Ji X, Wang YA, Hsiao CH, Chow DSL, Whitley EM, Li C, Gupta S. Doxorubicin-loaded hollow gold nanospheres for dual photothermal ablation and chemoembolization therapy. Cancer Nanotechnol 2020; 11. [PMID: 34335988 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-020-00062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Doxorubicin-loaded hollow gold nanospheres (Dox@HAuNS) are a promising technology for simultaneous trans-arterial tumor-targeted chemotherapy delivery and thermal ablation. We evaluated the efficacy of intra-arterial delivery of Dox@HAuNS followed by photothermal ablation (PTA) in a rabbit model of liver cancer. Adult New Zealand white rabbits (N=25) were inoculated with VX2 tumors into the left lobe of the liver. The animals were then randomized to sham surgery (N=5), PTA only (N=3), Dox@HAuNS only (N=5), HAuNS + PTA (N=5), and Dox@HAuNS + PTA (N=7). Nanoparticles were delivered as an emulsion with Lipiodol (Guerbet, France) via a trans-arterial approach. Following nanoparticle delivery, PTA was performed using an 808nm fibered laser at 1.5W for 3 minutes. Thermography during PTA demonstrated a sustained elevation in tumoral temperature in both HAuNS + laser and Dox@HAuNS + laser treatment groups relative to animals that underwent laser treatment without prior nanoparticle delivery. Results There was a significant decrease in tumor volumes in all three treatment arms relative to control arms (P = 0.004). Concentrations of intratumoral doxorubicin were significantly greater in animals treated with laser compared to those that were not treated with laser (P< 0.01). Conclusions Doxorubicin-loaded HAuNS is a promising therapeutic agent for dual ablation/chemoembolization treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul A Sheth
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Wen
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marites P Melancon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xin Ji
- Ocean Nanotech, San Diego, CA 92126, USA
| | | | - Cheng-Hui Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Diana S-L Chow
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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20
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Guo C, Baluya DL, Thompson EA, Whitley EM, Cressman ENK. Correlation of molecular and morphologic effects of thermoembolization in a swine model using mass spectrometry imaging. J Mass Spectrom 2020; 55:e4477. [PMID: 31804009 PMCID: PMC7145752 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a growing worldwide problem with a high mortality rate. This malignancy does not respond well to chemotherapy, and most patients present late in their disease at which time surgery is no longer an option. Over the past three decades, minimally invasive methods have evolved to treat unresectable disease and prolong survival. Intra-arterial embolization techniques are used for large or multiple tumors but have distressingly high levels of local recurrence and can be costly to implement. A new method called thermoembolization was recently reported, which destroys target tissue by combining reactive exothermic chemistry with an extreme local change in pH and ischemia. Described herein are experiments performed using this technique in vivo in a swine model. A microcatheter was advanced under fluoroscopic guidance into a branch of the hepatic artery to deliver a targeted dose of dichloroacetyl chloride dissolved in ethiodized oil into the liver. The following day, the animals were imaged by computed tomography and euthanized. Assessing the reaction product distribution and establishing a correlation with the effects are important for understanding the effects. This presented a significant challenge, however, as the reagent used does not contain a chromophore and is not otherwise readily detectable. Mass spectrometry imaging was employed to determine spatial distribution in treated samples. Additional insights on the biology were obtained by correlating the results with histology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. The results are encouraging and may lead to a therapy with less local recurrence and improved overall survival for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Guo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dodge L Baluya
- Department of Interventional Radiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Emily A Thompson
- Department of Interventional Radiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erik N K Cressman
- Department of Interventional Radiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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21
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Jovanović B, Jovanović N, Cvetković VJ, Matić S, Stanić S, Whitley EM, Mitrović TL. The effects of a human food additive, titanium dioxide nanoparticles E171, on Drosophila melanogaster - a 20 generation dietary exposure experiment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17922. [PMID: 30560898 PMCID: PMC6298969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) were exposed to an estimated daily human E171 consumption concentration for 20 generations. Exposure to E171 resulted in: a change in normal developmental and reproductive dynamics, reduced fecundity after repetitive breeding, increased genotoxicity, the appearance of aberrant phenotypes and morphologic changes to the adult fat body. Marks of adaptive evolution and directional selection were also exhibited. The larval stages were at a higher risk of sustaining damage from E171 as they had a slower elimination rate of TiO2 compared to the adults. This is particularly worrisome, since among the human population, children tend to consume higher daily concentrations of E171 than do adults. The genotoxic effect of E171 was statistically higher in each subsequent generation compared to the previous one. Aberrant phenotypes were likely caused by developmental defects induced by E171, and were not mutations, since the phenotypic features were not transferred to any progeny even after 5 generations of consecutive crossbreeding. Therefore, exposure to E171 during the early developmental period carries a higher risk of toxicity. The fact that the daily human consumption concentration of E171 interferes with and influences fruit fly physiological, ontogenetic, genotoxic, and adaptive processes certainly raises safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Jovanović
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Nikola Jovanović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Vladimir J Cvetković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Sanja Matić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Snežana Stanić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Tatjana Lj Mitrović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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22
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Skinner OT, Boston SE, Giglio RF, Whitley EM, Colee JC, Porter EG. Diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced computed tomography for assessment of mandibular and medial retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in dogs with oral and nasal cancer. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 16:562-570. [PMID: 29989306 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced CT for detection of cervical lymph node metastasis in dogs is unknown. The purpose of this retrospective, observational, diagnostic accuracy study was to assess the efficacy of CT for detection of mandibular and medial retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in dogs. Histopathology of dogs with cancer of the head, CT and bilateral mandibular and medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy was reviewed. A single radiologist measured lymph nodes to derive short axis width and long-short axis ratios. Two blinded radiologists separately assessed lymph node margins, attenuation and contrast enhancement and each provided a final subjective interpretation of each node site as benign or neoplastic. Where radiologists' opinions differed, a consensus was reached. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated for mandibular and medial retropharyngeal sites. Agreement between radiologists was assessed. Fisher's exact test and the Kruskal-Wallis H-test were used to assess associations between variables. Forty-one primary tumours were recorded in 40 dogs. Metastasis to mandibular or retropharyngeal lymph nodes occurred in 16 out of 40 dogs (43/160 nodes). Agreement between radiologists was almost perfect for margination, attenuation and enhancement, strong for interpretation of mandibular lymph node metastasis, and weak for interpretation of medial retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis. Sensitivity of CT was 12.5% and 10.5%, specificity was 91.1% and 96.7%, and accuracy was 67.5% and 76.3% for mandibular and medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes respectively. No individual CT findings were predictive of nodal metastasis. Given the low sensitivity of CT, this modality cannot be relied upon alone for assessment of cervical lymph node metastasis in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- O T Skinner
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - S E Boston
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - R F Giglio
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - J C Colee
- University of Florida, Institute of Farm and Agricultural Sciences, Statistics Consulting Unit, Gainesville, Florida
| | - E G Porter
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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23
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Kim DS, Anantharam P, Hoffmann A, Meade ML, Grobe N, Gearhart JM, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Rumbeiha WK. Broad spectrum proteomics analysis of the inferior colliculus following acute hydrogen sulfide exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 355:28-42. [PMID: 29932956 PMCID: PMC6422160 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute exposure to high concentrations of H2S causes severe brain injury and long-term neurological disorders, but the mechanisms involved are not known. To better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in acute H2S-induced neurodegeneration we used a broad-spectrum proteomic analysis approach to identify key molecules and molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. Mice were subjected to acute inhalation exposure of up to750 ppm of H2S. H2S induced behavioral deficits and severe lesions including hemorrhage in the inferior colliculus (IC). The IC was microdissected for proteomic analysis. Tandem mass tags (TMT) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based quantitative proteomics was applied for protein identification and quantitation. LC-MS/MS identified 598, 562, and 546 altered proteomic changes at 2 h, and on days 2 and 4 post-H2S exposure, respectively. Of these, 77 proteomic changes were statistically significant at any of the 3 time points. Mass spectrometry data were subjected to Perseus 1.5.5.3 statistical analysis, and gene ontology heat map clustering. Expressions of several key molecules were verified to confirm H2S-dependent proteomics changes. Webgestalt pathway overrepresentation enrichment analysis with Panther engine revealed H2S exposure disrupted several biological processes including metabotropic glutamate receptor group 1 and inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways among others. Further analysis showed that energy metabolism, integrity of blood-brain barrier, hypoxic, and oxidative stress signaling pathways were also implicated. Collectively, this broad-spectrum proteomics data has provided important clues to follow up in future studies to further elucidate mechanisms of H2S-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Suk Kim
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Poojya Anantharam
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Andrea Hoffmann
- Henry M Jackson Foundation on contract 711HPW/USAFSAM/FHOF, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, USA
| | | | - Nadja Grobe
- 711HPW/RHDJ, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Jeffery M Gearhart
- Henry M Jackson Foundation on contract 711HPW/USAFSAM/FHOF, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, USA
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Veterinary Diagnostic & Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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24
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Jovanović B, Gökdağ K, Güven O, Emre Y, Whitley EM, Kideys AE. Virgin microplastics are not causing imminent harm to fish after dietary exposure. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 130:123-131. [PMID: 29866538 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Among aquatic organisms, fish are particularly susceptible to ingesting microplastic particles due to their attractive coloration, buoyancy, and resemblance to food. However, in previous experimental setups, fish were usually exposed to unrealistically high concentrations of microplastics, or the microplastics were deliberately contaminated with persistent organic chemicals; also, in many experiments, the fish were exposed only during the larval stages. The present study investigated the effects of virgin microplastics in gilt-head seabream (Sparus aurata) after 45 days' exposure at 0.1 g kg-1 bodyweight day-1 to 6 common types of microplastics. The overall growth, biochemical analyses of the blood, histopathology, and the potential of the microplastics to accumulate in gastrointestinal organs or translocate to the liver and muscles were monitored and recorded. The results revealed that ingestion of virgin microplastics does not cause imminent harm to the adult gilt-head seabream during 45 days of exposure and an additional 30 days of depuration. The retention of virgin microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract was fairly low, indicating effective elimination of microplastics from the body of the fish and no significant accumulation after successive meals. Therefore, both the short- and the long-term retention potential of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of fish is close to zero. However, some large particles remained trapped in the liver, and 5.3% of all the livers analyzed contained at least one microplastic particle. In conclusion, the dietary exposure of S. aurata to 6 common types of virgin microplastics did not induce stress, alter the growth rate, cause pathology, or cause the microplastics to accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract of the fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Jovanović
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Kerem Gökdağ
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Olgaç Güven
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Yilmaz Emre
- Faculty of Science, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Erkan Kideys
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey
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25
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Chernoff N, Hill DJ, Chorus I, Diggs DL, Huang H, King D, Lang JR, Le TT, Schmid JE, Travlos GS, Whitley EM, Wilson RE, Wood CR. Cylindrospermopsin toxicity in mice following a 90-d oral exposure. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2018; 81:549-566. [PMID: 29693504 PMCID: PMC6764423 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1460787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a toxin associated with numerous species of freshwater cyanobacteria throughout the world. It is postulated to have caused an episode of serious illnesses in Australia through treated drinking water, as well as lethal effects in livestock exposed to water from farm ponds. Toxicity included effects indicative of both hepatic and renal dysfunction. In humans, symptoms progressed from initial hepatomegaly, vomiting, and malaise to acidosis and hypokalemia, bloody diarrhea, and hyperemia in mucous membranes. Laboratory animal studies predominantly involved the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route of administration and confirmed this pattern of toxicity with changes in liver enzyme activities and histopathology consistent with hepatic injury and adverse renal effects. The aim of this study was designed to assess subchronic oral exposure (90 d) of purified CYN from 75 to 300 µg/kg/d in mouse. At the end of the dosing period, examinations of animals noted (1) elevated organ to body weight ratios of liver and kidney at all dose levels, (2) treatment-related increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, (3) decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and cholesterol concentrations in males, and (4) elevated monocyte counts in both genders. Histopathological alterations included hepatocellular hypertrophy and cord disruption in the liver, as well as renal cellular hypertrophy, tubule dilation, and cortical tubule lesions that were more prominent in males. A series of genes were differentially expressed including Bax (apoptosis), Rpl6 (tissue regeneration), Fabp4 (fatty acid metabolism), and Proc (blood coagulation). Males were more sensitive to many renal end points suggestive of toxicity. At the end of exposure, toxicity was noted at all dose levels, and the 75 µg/kg group exhibited significant effects in liver and kidney/body weight ratios, reduced BUN, increased serum monocytes, and multiple signs of histopathology indicating that a no-observed-adverse-effect level could not be determined for any dose level.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chernoff
- a National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory , US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - D J Hill
- a National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory , US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - I Chorus
- b Division of Drinking-Water and Swimming-Pool Hygiene , Umweltbundesamt , Berlin , Germany
| | - D L Diggs
- c NHEERL , Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Internship/Research Participation Program at the US Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - H Huang
- d North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC , USA
| | - D King
- e Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - J R Lang
- c NHEERL , Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Internship/Research Participation Program at the US Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - T-T Le
- c NHEERL , Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Internship/Research Participation Program at the US Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - J E Schmid
- a National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory , US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - G S Travlos
- e Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - E M Whitley
- f Pathogenesis , LLC , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - R E Wilson
- e Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch , National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - C R Wood
- a National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory , US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
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26
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Anantharam P, Kim DS, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Imerman P, Padhi P, Rumbeiha WK. Midazolam Efficacy Against Acute Hydrogen Sulfide-Induced Mortality and Neurotoxicity. J Med Toxicol 2018; 14:79-90. [PMID: 29318511 PMCID: PMC6013736 DOI: 10.1007/s13181-017-0650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless, highly neurotoxic gas. It is not only an occupational and environmental hazard but also of concern to the Department of Homeland Security for potential nefarious use. Acute high-dose H2S exposure causes death, while survivors may develop neurological sequelae. Currently, there is no suitable antidote for treatment of acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity. Midazolam (MDZ), an anti-convulsant drug recommended for treatment of nerve agent intoxications, could also be of value in treating acute H2S intoxication. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that MDZ is effective in preventing/treating acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity. This proof-of-concept study had two objectives: to determine whether MDZ prevents/reduces H2S-induced mortality and to test whether MDZ prevents H2S-induced neurological sequelae. MDZ (4 mg/kg) was administered IM in mice, 5 min pre-exposure to a high concentration of H2S at 1000 ppm or 12 min post-exposure to 1000 ppm H2S followed by 30 min of continuous exposure. A separate experiment tested whether MDZ pre-treatment prevented neurological sequelae. Endpoints monitored included assessment of clinical signs, mortality, behavioral changes, and brain histopathological changes. MDZ significantly reduced H2S-induced lethality, seizures, knockdown, and behavioral deficits (p < 0.01). MDZ also significantly prevented H2S-induced neurological sequelae, including weight loss, behavior deficits, neuroinflammation, and histopathologic lesions (p < 0.01). Overall, our findings show that MDZ is a promising drug for reducing H2S-induced acute mortality, neurotoxicity, and neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Paula Imerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Piyush Padhi
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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27
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Anantharam P, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Kim DS, Sarkar S, Santana C, Chan A, Kanthasamy AG, Kanthasamy A, Boss GR, Rumbeiha WK. Cobinamide is effective for treatment of hydrogen sulfide-induced neurological sequelae in a mouse model. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1408:61-78. [PMID: 29239480 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a highly neurotoxic gas. Acute exposure can lead to neurological sequelae among survivors. A drug for treating neurological sequelae in survivors of acute H2 S intoxication is needed. Using a novel mouse model we evaluated the efficacy of cobinamide (Cob) for increasing survival of, and reducing neurological sequalae in, mice exposed to sublethal doses of H2 S. There were two objectives: (1) to determine the dose-response efficacy of Cob and (2) to determine the effective therapeutic time window of Cob. To explore objective 1, mice were injected intramuscularly with Cob at 0, 50, or 100 mg/kg at 2 min after H2 S exposure. For objective 2, mice were injected intramuscularly with 100 mg/kg Cob at 2, 15, and 30 min after H2 S exposure. For both objectives, mice were exposed to 765 ppm of H2 S gas. Cob significantly reduced H2 S-induced lethality in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Cob-treated mice exhibited significantly fewer seizures and knockdowns compared with the H2 S-exposed group. Cob also reversed H2 S-induced weight loss, behavioral deficits, neurochemical changes, cytochrome c oxidase enzyme inhibition, and neurodegeneration in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Overall, these findings show that Cob increases survival and is neuroprotective in a mouse model of H2 S-induced neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Souvarish Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Cristina Santana
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Adriano Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Gerry R Boss
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
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28
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Howell MD, Ottesen EW, Singh NN, Anderson RL, Seo J, Sivanesan S, Whitley EM, Singh RN. TIA1 is a gender-specific disease modifier of a mild mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7183. [PMID: 28775379 PMCID: PMC5543135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07468-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by deletions or mutations of Survival Motor Neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. The nearly identical SMN2 cannot compensate for SMN1 loss due to exon 7 skipping. The allele C (C +/+) mouse recapitulates a mild SMA-like phenotype and offers an ideal system to monitor the role of disease-modifying factors over a long time. T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1) regulates SMN exon 7 splicing. TIA1 is reported to be downregulated in obese patients, although it is not known if the effect is gender-specific. We show that female Tia1-knockout (Tia1 -/-) mice gain significant body weight (BW) during early postnatal development. We next examined the effect of Tia1 deletion in novel C +/+/Tia1 -/- mice. Underscoring the opposing effects of Tia1 deletion and low SMN level on BW gain, both C +/+ and C +/+/Tia1 -/- females showed similar BW gain trajectory at all time points during our study. We observed early tail necrosis in C +/+/Tia1 -/- females but not in males. We show enhanced impairment of male reproductive organ development and exacerbation of the C +/+/Tia1 -/- testis transcriptome. Our findings implicate a protein factor as a gender-specific modifier of a mild mouse model of SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Howell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Eric W Ottesen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Natalia N Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Rachel L Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Joonbae Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA
- Pathogenesis, LLC, Gainesville, Florida, 32614, USA
| | - Ravindra N Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA.
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29
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Anantharam P, Whitley EM, Mahama B, Kim DS, Imerman PM, Shao D, Langley MR, Kanthasamy A, Rumbeiha WK. Characterizing a mouse model for evaluation of countermeasures against hydrogen sulfide-induced neurotoxicity and neurological sequelae. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1400:46-64. [PMID: 28719733 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a highly neurotoxic gas. It is the second most common cause of gas-induced deaths. Beyond mortality, surviving victims of acute exposure may suffer long-term neurological sequelae. There is a need to develop countermeasures against H2 S poisoning. However, no translational animal model of H2 S-induced neurological sequelae exists. Here, we describe a novel mouse model of H2 S-induced neurotoxicity for translational research. In paradigm I, C57/BL6 mice were exposed to 765 ppm H2 S for 40 min on day 1, followed by 15-min daily exposures for periods ranging from 1 to 6 days. In paradigm II, mice were exposed once to 1000 ppm H2 S for 60 minutes. Mice were assessed for behavioral, neurochemical, biochemical, and histopathological changes. H2 S intoxication caused seizures, dyspnea, respiratory depression, knockdowns, and death. H2 S-exposed mice showed significant impairment in locomotor and coordinated motor movement activity compared with controls. Histopathology revealed neurodegenerative lesions in the collicular, thalamic, and cortical brain regions. H2 S significantly increased dopamine and serotonin concentration in several brain regions and caused time-dependent decreases in GABA and glutamate concentrations. Furthermore, H2 S significantly suppressed cytochrome c oxidase activity and caused significant loss in body weight. Overall, male mice were more sensitive than females. This novel translational mouse model of H2 S-induced neurotoxicity is reliable, reproducible, and recapitulates acute H2 S poisoning in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | - Belinda Mahama
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Paula M Imerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Dahai Shao
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Monica R Langley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Animal Production Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
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30
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Cray N, Zhao Y, Fang Y, Liu P, Pollak L, Duvick S, Birt DF, Whitley EM. Effects of Dietary Resistant Starch on the Wnt Signaling Pathway and Preneoplastic Cells in the Colons of Azoxymethane-Treated Rats. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:632-642. [PMID: 28362171 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1299875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dietary resistant starch (RS) has been suggested to reduce colonic neoplasia. To determine the effects of digestion-resistant cornstarch on colonic carcinogenesis and Wnt signaling in azoxymethane (AOM)-treated F344 rats, diets containing naturally occurring RS from corn lines derived partially from Guat209 (GUAT), AR16035 (AR), or a hybrid (ARxGUAT), containing 34.5 ± 2.0, 0.2 ± 0.1, and 1.9 ± 0.1% RS, respectively, were fed at 55% of the diet. GUAT-fed rats had increased cecal content and tissue weight and decreased cecal pH compared with AR- or ARxGUAT-fed rats. Numbers of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were not different among diet groups. Increased numbers of crypts/focus were observed in AOM-injected rats fed GUAT compared with rats fed other diets. β-catenin mRNA expression of the crypts was significantly increased in GUAT-fed rats injected with AOM relative to those injected with saline. These findings suggest that selected dietary RSs may at some level further enhance colonocyte proliferation and differentiation in an AOM-treated colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cray
- a Department of Veterinary Pathology , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,b Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Yinsheng Zhao
- b Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,c Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Yinan Fang
- d Department of Statistics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Peng Liu
- d Department of Statistics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Linda Pollak
- e USDA-Agricultural Research Service , Washington, DC , USA
| | - Susan Duvick
- e USDA-Agricultural Research Service , Washington, DC , USA.,f Department of Agronomy (retired) , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Diane F Birt
- b Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,c Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- a Department of Veterinary Pathology , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,b Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,g Pathogenesis , LLC , Gainesville , Florida , USA
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31
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Akbar MA, Lu Y, Elshikha AS, Chen MJ, Yuan Y, Whitley EM, Holliday LS, Chang LJ, Song S. Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell (ATMSC) Expressing Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Osteoporosis Mice. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 28:179-189. [PMID: 27802778 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common health problem severely affecting the quality of life of many people, especially women. Current treatment options for osteoporosis are limited due to their association with several side-effects and moderate efficacy. Therefore, novel therapies for osteoporosis are needed. This study tested the feasibility of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ATMSC)-based human alpha-1 antitrypsin (hAAT, SERPINA1) gene therapy for the prevention of bone loss in an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model. Eight-week-old female C57BL6 mice underwent ovariectomy and were treated with hAAT (protein therapy), ATMSC (stem-cell therapy), ATMSC + hAAT (combination of ATMSC and hAAT therapy), and ATMSCs infected with lentiviral vectors expressing hAAT (ATMSC-based hAAT gene therapy). The study showed that lenti-hAAT vector-infected ATMSCs (ATMSC-LV-hAAT) produced high levels of hAAT. Transplantation of these cells significantly decreased OVX-induced serum levels of interleukin 6 and interleukin 1 beta, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B gene expression levels in bone tissue. Immunohistological analysis revealed that transplanted cells migrated to the bone tissue and secreted hAAT. Importantly, bone microstructure analysis by microcomputerized tomography showed that this treatment significantly protected against OVX-induced bone loss. The results suggest a novel strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuanqing Lu
- 2 Department of Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ahmed S Elshikha
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mong-Jen Chen
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ye Yuan
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - L Shannon Holliday
- 4 Department of Orthodontics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Lung-Ji Chang
- 5 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Sihong Song
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
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32
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Tofflemire K, Whitley EM, Allbaugh R, Ben-Shlomo G, Griggs A, Strong T, Whitley RD. Effect of topical ophthalmic latanoprost 0.005% solution alone and in combination with diclofenac 0.1% solution in healthy horses: a pilot study. Vet Ophthalmol 2016; 20:398-404. [DOI: 10.1111/vop.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Tofflemire
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | | | - Rachel Allbaugh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | - Gil Ben-Shlomo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | - Angela Griggs
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | - Travis Strong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | - R. David Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames Iowa 50011 USA
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33
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Whitley EM, Raich PC, Dudley DJ, Freund KM, Paskett ED, Patierno SR, Simon M, Warren-Mears V, Snyder FR. Relation of comorbidities and patient navigation with the time to diagnostic resolution after abnormal cancer screening. Cancer 2016; 123:312-318. [PMID: 27648520 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether patient navigation improves outcomes for patients with comorbidities is unknown. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of comorbidities on the time to diagnostic resolution after an abnormal cancer screening test and to examine whether patient navigation improves the timeliness and likelihood of diagnostic resolution for patients with comorbidities in comparison with no navigation. METHODS A secondary analysis of comorbidity data collected by Patient Navigation Research Program sites using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was conducted. The participants were 6,349 patients with abnormal breast, cervical, colon, or prostate cancer screening tests between 2007 and 2011. The intervention was patient navigation or usual care. The CCI data were highly skewed across projects and cancer sites, and the CCI scores were categorized as 0 (CCI score of 0 or no comorbidities identified; 76% of cases); 1 (CCI score of 1; 16% of cases), or 2 (CCI score ≥ 2; 8% of cases). Separate adjusted hazard ratios for each site and cancer type were obtained, and then they were pooled with a meta-analysis random effects methodology. RESULTS Patients with a CCI score ≥ 2 had delayed diagnostic resolution after an abnormal cancer screening test in comparison with those with no comorbidities. Patient navigation reduced delays in diagnostic resolution, with the greatest benefits seen for those with a CCI score ≥ 2. CONCLUSIONS Persons with a CCI score ≥ 2 experienced significant delays in timely diagnostic care in comparison with patients without comorbidities. Patient navigation was effective in reducing delays in diagnostic resolution among those with CCI scores > 1. Cancer 2017;123:312-318. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Whitley
- Prevention Services Division, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado
| | - Peter C Raich
- Denver Health, Denver, Colorado.,University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Donald J Dudley
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.,University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Karen M Freund
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Electra D Paskett
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Division of Epidemiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Steven R Patierno
- George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC.,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Melissa Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Victoria Warren-Mears
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Northwest Tribal Epidemiology Center, Portland, Oregon
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Battaglia TA, Darnell JS, Ko N, Snyder F, Paskett ED, Wells KJ, Whitley EM, Griggs JJ, Karnad A, Young H, Warren-Mears V, Simon MA, Calhoun E. The impact of patient navigation on the delivery of diagnostic breast cancer care in the National Patient Navigation Research Program: a prospective meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 158:523-34. [PMID: 27432417 PMCID: PMC5216421 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Patient navigation is emerging as a standard in breast cancer care delivery, yet multi-site data on the impact of navigation at reducing delays along the continuum of care are lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of navigation on reaching diagnostic resolution at specific time points after an abnormal breast cancer screening test among a national sample. A prospective meta-analysis estimated the adjusted odds of achieving timely diagnostic resolution at 60, 180, and 365 days. Exploratory analyses were conducted on the pooled sample to identify which groups had the most benefit from navigation. Clinics from six medical centers serving vulnerable populations participated in the Patient Navigation Research Program. Women with an abnormal breast cancer screening test between 2007 and 2009 were included and received the patient navigation intervention or usual care. Patient navigators worked with patients and their care providers to address patient-specific barriers to care to prevent delays in diagnosis. A total of 4675 participants included predominantly racial/ethnic minorities (74 %) with public insurance (40 %) or no insurance (31 %). At 60 days and 180 days, there was no statistically significant effect of navigation on achieving timely diagnostic care, but a benefit of navigation was seen at 365 days (aOR 2.12, CI 1.36-3.29). We found an equal benefit of navigation across all groups, regardless of race/ethnicity, language, insurance status, and type of screening abnormality. Patient navigation resulted in more timely diagnostic resolution at 365 days among a diverse group of minority, low-income women with breast cancer screening abnormalities. Trial registrations clinicaltrials.gov Identifiers: NCT00613275, NCT00496678, NCT00375024, NCT01569672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy A Battaglia
- Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Crosstown Building 1st Floor, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Julie S Darnell
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Bldg 115, Room 556, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Naomi Ko
- Section of Hematology Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, First Floor, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Fred Snyder
- NOVA Research Company, 801 Roeder Road, Suite 700, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Electra D Paskett
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 1590 North High Street, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
| | - Kristen J Wells
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, 6363 Alvarado Ct., Ste. 103, San Diego, CA, 92120-4913, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South, Denver, CO, 80246, USA
| | - Jennifer J Griggs
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 16, 116 W, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Anand Karnad
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Cancer Therapy & Research Center (CTRC), UT Health Science Center, 7979 Wurzbach Rd., San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Heather Young
- George Washington University Cancer Institute, 950 New Hampshire Ave. NW 5th Floor, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Victoria Warren-Mears
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, 2121 SW Broadway, Suite 300, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Melissa A Simon
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. St Clair, Suite 1800, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth Calhoun
- University of Arizona Health Sciences, 550 East Van Buren, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-2230, USA
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Nelson B, Cray N, Ai Y, Fang Y, Liu P, Whitley EM, Birt D. Effect of Dietary-Resistant Starch on Inhibition of Colonic Preneoplasia andWntSignaling in Azoxymethane-Induced Rodent Models. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:1052-63. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1192203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Ottesen EW, Howell MD, Singh NN, Seo J, Whitley EM, Singh RN. Severe impairment of male reproductive organ development in a low SMN expressing mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20193. [PMID: 26830971 PMCID: PMC4735745 DOI: 10.1038/srep20193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by low levels of survival motor neuron (SMN), a multifunctional protein essential for higher eukaryotes. While SMN is one of the most scrutinized proteins associated with neurodegeneration, its gender-specific role in vertebrates remains unknown. We utilized a mild SMA model (C/C model) to examine the impact of low SMN on growth and development of mammalian sex organs. We show impaired testis development, degenerated seminiferous tubules, reduced sperm count and low fertility in C/C males, but no overt sex organ phenotype in C/C females. Underscoring an increased requirement for SMN expression, wild type testis showed extremely high levels of SMN protein compared to other tissues. Our results revealed severe perturbations in pathways critical to C/C male reproductive organ development and function, including steroid biosynthesis, apoptosis, and spermatogenesis. Consistent with enhanced apoptosis in seminiferous tubules of C/C testes, we recorded a drastic increase in cells with DNA fragmentation. SMN was expressed at high levels in adult C/C testis due to an adult-specific splicing switch, but could not compensate for low levels during early testicular development. Our findings uncover novel hallmarks of SMA disease progression and link SMN to general male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Ottesen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Matthew D Howell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Natalia N Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Joonbae Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Ravindra N Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Rodday AM, Parsons SK, Snyder F, Simon MA, Llanos AAM, Warren-Mears V, Dudley D, Lee JH, Patierno SR, Markossian TW, Sanders M, Whitley EM, Freund KM. Impact of patient navigation in eliminating economic disparities in cancer care. Cancer 2015; 121:4025-34. [PMID: 26348120 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient navigation may reduce cancer disparities associated with socioeconomic status (SES) and household factors. This study examined whether these factors were associated with delays in diagnostic resolution among patients with cancer screening abnormalities and whether patient navigation ameliorated these delays. METHODS This study analyzed data from 5 of 10 centers of the National Cancer Institute's Patient Navigation Research Program, which collected SES and household data on employment, income, education, housing, marital status, and household composition. The primary outcome was the time to diagnostic resolution after a cancer screening abnormality. Separate adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were fit for each SES and household factor, and an interaction between that factor and the intervention status was included. RESULTS Among the 3777 participants (1968 in the control arm and 1809 in the navigation intervention arm), 91% were women, and the mean age was 44 years; 43% were Hispanic, 28% were white, and 27% were African American. Within the control arm, the unemployed experienced a longer time to resolution than those employed full-time (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; P = .02). Renters (HR, 0.81; P = .02) and those with other (ie, unstable) housing (HR, 0.60; P < .001) had delays in comparison with homeowners. Never married (HR, 0.70; P < .001) and previously married participants (HR, 0.85; P = .03) had a longer time to care than married participants. There were no differences in the time to diagnostic resolution with any of these variables within the navigation intervention arm. CONCLUSIONS Delays in diagnostic resolution exist by employment, housing type, and marital status. Patient navigation eliminated these disparities in the study sample. These findings demonstrate the value of providing patient navigation to patients at high risk for delays in cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie Mae Rodday
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan K Parsons
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Melissa A Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Adana A M Llanos
- Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Victoria Warren-Mears
- Northwest Tribal Epidemiology Center, Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, Oregon
| | - Donald Dudley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Steven R Patierno
- George Washington University Cancer Institute, Washington, DC.,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Mechelle Sanders
- Department of Family Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | | | - Karen M Freund
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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Jovanović B, Whitley EM, Kimura K, Crumpton A, Palić D. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles enhance mortality of fish exposed to bacterial pathogens. Environ Pollut 2015; 203:153-164. [PMID: 25884347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nano-TiO2 is immunotoxic to fish and reduces the bactericidal function of fish neutrophils. Here, fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to low and high environmentally relevant concentration of nano-TiO2 (2 ng g(-1) and 10 μg g(-1) body weight, respectively), and were challenged with common fish bacterial pathogens, Aeromonas hydrophila or Edwardsiella ictaluri. Pre-exposure to nano-TiO2 significantly increased fish mortality during bacterial challenge. Nano-TiO2 concentrated in the kidney and spleen. Phagocytosis assay demonstrated that nano-TiO2 has the ability to diminish neutrophil phagocytosis of A. hydrophila. Fish injected with TiO2 nanoparticles displayed significant histopathology when compared to control fish. The interplay between nanoparticle exposure, immune system, histopathology, and infectious disease pathogenesis in any animal model has not been described before. By modulating fish immune responses and interfering with resistance to bacterial pathogens, manufactured nano-TiO2 has the potential to affect fish survival in a disease outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Jovanović
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), LMU, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Kayoko Kimura
- Center for Food Security and Public Health, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Adam Crumpton
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Dušan Palić
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Tofflemire KL, Whitley EM, Allbaugh RA, Ben-Shlomo G, Robinson CC, Overton TL, Thiessen CE, Evans EA, Griggs AN, Adelman SA, Ludwig AL, Jens JK, Ellinwood NM, Peterson CS, Whitley RD. Comparison of two- and three-times-daily topical ophthalmic application of 0.005% latanoprost solution in clinically normal dogs. Am J Vet Res 2015; 76:625-31. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.76.7.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Esch KJ, Schaut RG, Lamb IM, Clay G, Morais Lima ÁL, do Nascimento PRP, Whitley EM, Jeronimo SMB, Sutterwala FS, Haynes JS, Petersen CA. Activation of autophagy and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome during Leishmania infantum-associated glomerulonephritis. Am J Pathol 2015; 185:2105-17. [PMID: 26079813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a major contributor to human and companion animal morbidity and mortality. Renal complications are sequelae of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Despite the high incidence of infection-mediated glomerulonephritis, little is known about pathogenesis of VL-associated renal disease. Leishmania infantum-infected dogs are a naturally occurring model of VL-associated glomerulonephritis. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type I [24 of 25 (96%)], with interstitial lymphoplasmacytic nephritis [23 of 25 (92%)], and glomerular and interstitial fibrosis [12 of 25 (48%)] were predominant lesions. An ultrastructural evaluation of glomeruli from animals with VL identified mesangial cell proliferation and interposition. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated significant Leishmania antigen, IgG, and C3b deposition in VL dog glomeruli. Asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs had increased glomerular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 and autophagosome-associated microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 associated with glomerular lesion severity. Transcriptional analyses from symptomatic dogs confirmed induction of autophagy and inflammasome genes within glomeruli and tubules. On the basis of temporal VL staging, glomerulonephritis was initiated by IgG and complement deposition. This deposition preceded presence of nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3-associated inflammasomes and increased light chain 3 puncta indicative of autophagosomes in glomeruli from dogs with clinical VL and renal failure. These findings indicate potential roles for inflammasome complexes in glomerular damage during VL and autophagy in ensuing cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Esch
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Robert G Schaut
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ian M Lamb
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Gwendolyn Clay
- Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ádila L Morais Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Paulo R P do Nascimento
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Selma M B Jeronimo
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Fayyaz S Sutterwala
- Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Joseph S Haynes
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Christine A Petersen
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
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Tofflemire KL, Whitley EM, Flinn AM, Dufour VL, Ben-Shlomo G, Allbaugh RA, Griggs AN, Peterson CS, Whitley DR. Effect of topical ophthalmic dorzolamide(2%)-timolol(0.5%) solution and ointment on intraocular pressure in normal horses. Vet Ophthalmol 2014; 18:457-61. [DOI: 10.1111/vop.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L. Tofflemire
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Whitley
- Veterinary Pathology; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Allison M. Flinn
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Valerie L. Dufour
- Terrington Veterinary Center; Terrington St. Clement King's Lynn PE34 4NE UK
| | - Gil Ben-Shlomo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Rachel A. Allbaugh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Angela N. Griggs
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Chimene S. Peterson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - David R. Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Ames IA 50011 USA
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Solin SL, Wang Y, Mauldin J, Schultz LE, Lincow DE, Brodskiy PA, Jones CA, Syrkin-Nikolau J, Linn JM, Essner JJ, Hostetter JM, Whitley EM, Cameron JD, Chou HH, Severin AJ, Sakaguchi DS, McGrail M. Molecular and cellular characterization of a zebrafish optic pathway tumor line implicates glia-derived progenitors in tumorigenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114888. [PMID: 25485542 PMCID: PMC4259487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we describe the molecular and cellular characterization of a zebrafish mutant that develops tumors in the optic pathway. Heterozygous Tg(flk1:RFP)is18 transgenic adults develop tumors of the retina, optic nerve and optic tract. Molecular and genetic mapping demonstrate the tumor phenotype is linked to a high copy number transgene array integrated in the lincRNA gene lincRNAis18/Zv9_00007276 on chromosome 3. TALENs were used to isolate a 147kb deletion allele that removes exons 2–5 of the lincRNAis18 gene. Deletion allele homozygotes are viable and do not develop tumors, indicating loss of function of the lincRNAis18 locus is not the trigger for tumor onset. Optic pathway tumors in the Tg(flk1:RFP)is18 mutant occur with a penetrance of 80–100% by 1 year of age. The retinal tumors are highly vascularized and composed of rosettes of various sizes embedded in a fibrous matrix. Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased expression of the glial markers GFAP and BLBP throughout retinal tumors and in dysplastic optic nerve. We performed transcriptome analysis of pre-tumorous retina and retinal tumor tissue and found changes in gene expression signatures of radial glia and astrocytes (slc1a3), activated glia (atf3, blbp, apoeb), proliferating neural progenitors (foxd3, nestin, cdh2, her9/hes1), and glioma markers (S100β, vim). The transcriptome also revealed activation of cAMP, Stat3 and Wnt signal transduction pathways. qRT-PCR confirmed >10-fold overexpression of the Wnt pathway components hbegfa, ascl1a, and insm1a. Together the data indicate Müller glia and/or astrocyte-derived progenitors could contribute to the zebrafish Tg(flk1:RFP)is18 optic pathway tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Staci L. Solin
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Joshua Mauldin
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Laura E. Schultz
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Deborah E. Lincow
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Pavel A. Brodskiy
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Crystal A. Jones
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Judith Syrkin-Nikolau
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Jasmine M. Linn
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J. Essner
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Jesse M. Hostetter
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth M. Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - J. Douglas Cameron
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Hui-Hsien Chou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Andrew J. Severin
- Genome Informatics Facility, Office of Biotechnology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Donald S. Sakaguchi
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Maura McGrail
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cortés-Puch I, Hicks CW, Sun J, Solomon SB, Eichacker PQ, Sweeney DA, Nieman LK, Whitley EM, Behrend EN, Natanson C, Danner RL. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in lethal canine Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 307:E994-E1008. [PMID: 25294215 PMCID: PMC4254987 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00345.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The clinical significance and even existence of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency is controversial. Here, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function was characterized in severe canine Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. Animals received antibiotics and titrated life-supportive measures. Treatment with dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid, but not desoxycorticosterone, a mineralocorticoid, improves outcome in this model. Total and free cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). and aldosterone levels, as well as responses to exogenous ACTH were measured serially. At 10 h after the onset of infection, the acute HPA axis stress response, as measured by cortisol levels, exceeded that seen with high-dose ACTH stimulation but was not predictive of outcome. In contrast to cortisol, aldosterone was largely autonomous from HPA axis control, elevated longer, and more closely associated with survival in early septic shock. Importantly, dexamethasone suppressed cortisol and ACTH levels and restored ACTH responsiveness in survivors. Differing strikingly, nonsurvivors, sepsis-induced hypercortisolemia, and high ACTH levels as well as ACTH hyporesponsiveness were not influenced by dexamethasone. During septic shock, only serial measurements and provocative testing over a well-defined timeline were able to demonstrate a strong relationship between HPA axis function and prognosis. HPA axis unresponsiveness and high aldosterone levels identify a septic shock subpopulation with poor outcomes that may have the greatest potential to benefit from new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cortés-Puch
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland;
| | - Caitlin W Hicks
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of General Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland; National Institutes of Health Research Scholars Program, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven B Solomon
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter Q Eichacker
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel A Sweeney
- Medical Intensivist Program, Washington Hospital, Fremont, California
| | - Lynnette K Nieman
- Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; and
| | - Ellen N Behrend
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Charles Natanson
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robert L Danner
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Koh GY, Whitley EM, Mancosky K, Loo YT, Grapentine K, Bowers E, Schalinske KL, Rowling MJ. Dietary resistant starch prevents urinary excretion of vitamin D metabolites and maintains circulating 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. J Nutr 2014; 144:1667-73. [PMID: 25165393 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.198200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the leading cause of nephropathy in the United States. Renal complications of T2D include proteinuria and suboptimal serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25D) concentrations. 25D is the major circulating form of vitamin D and renal reabsorption of the 25D-vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) complex via megalin-mediated endocytosis is believed to determine whether 25D can be activated to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25D) or returned to circulation. We previously demonstrated that excessive urinary excretion of 25D-DBP and albuminuria occurred in rats with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and T2D. Moreover, feeding rats with T1D high-amylose maize partially resistant to digestion [resistant starch (RS)] prevented excretion of 25D-DBP without significantly affecting hyperglycemia. OBJECTIVE We used Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, a model of obesity-related T2D, to determine whether feeding RS could similarly prevent loss of vitamin D and maintain serum 25D concentrations. METHODS Lean control Zucker rats (n = 8) were fed a standard semi-purified diet (AIN-93G) and ZDF rats were fed either the AIN-93G diet (n = 8) or the AIN-93G diet in which cornstarch was replaced with RS (550 g/kg diet; 35% resistant to digestion) (n = 8) for 6 wk. RESULTS RS attenuated hyperglycemia by 41% (P < 0.01) and prevented urinary DBP excretion and albuminuria, which were elevated 3.0- (P < 0.01) and 3.6-fold (P < 0.01), respectively, in control diet-fed ZDF rats. Additionally, urinary excretion of 25D (P = 0.01) and 1,25D (P = 0.03) was higher (89% and 97%, respectively), whereas serum 25D concentrations were 31% lower (P < 0.001) in ZDF rats fed the control diet compared with RS-fed ZDF rats. Histopathologic scoring of the kidney revealed that RS attenuated diabetes-mediated damage by 21% (P = 0.12) despite an ∼50% decrease in megalin protein abundance. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data provide evidence that suggests vitamin D balance can be maintained by dietary RS through nephroprotective actions in T2D, which are independent of vitamin D supplementation and renal expression of megalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gar Yee Koh
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, and
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | | | - Yi Ting Loo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition
| | | | | | - Kevin L Schalinske
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, and
| | - Matthew J Rowling
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, and
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Overton TL, Allbaugh RA, Whitley D, Ben-Shlomo G, Griggs A, Tofflemire KL, Whitley EM. A pulse-dose topical 1% 5-fluorouracil treatment regimen in a young dog with corneal squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Ophthalmol 2014; 18:350-4. [PMID: 25270617 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the use of a pulse-dose topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment regimen in a Pug dog with corneal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS A 1-year-old, spayed female Pug was evaluated for a corneal perforation of the right eye, which was surgically stabilized with a conjunctival pedicle graft. At the time of medial canthoplasty 7 weeks later, two areas of gray-white discoloration had developed medial and lateral to the graft. Biopsy samples were obtained via superficial keratectomy while under general anesthesia. RESULTS Definitive diagnosis of corneal SCC was made through histopathological examination of the surgical biopsies. Thoracic radiography and submandibular lymph node cytology revealed no evidence of metastatic neoplasia. Following healing of the corneal biopsy sites, topical 1% 5-FU ointment was applied four times daily for four consecutive days once a month, for six treatment cycles. Twenty-three months after diagnosis, the patient remains visual and comfortable with no evidence of SCC recurrence. Long-term therapy with once daily topical 1% cyclosporine solution was used to manage corneal pigmentation bilaterally. CONCLUSIONS The pulse-therapy 1% 5-FU protocol was a successful, convenient, and cost-effective adjunctive treatment with few adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn L Overton
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1600 S. 16th St., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Rachel A Allbaugh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1600 S. 16th St., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - David Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1600 S. 16th St., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Gil Ben-Shlomo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1600 S. 16th St., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Angel Griggs
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1600 S. 16th St., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Kyle L Tofflemire
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1600 S. 16th St., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1600 S. 16th St., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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Freund KM, Battaglia TA, Calhoun E, Darnell JS, Dudley DJ, Fiscella K, Hare ML, LaVerda N, Lee JH, Levine P, Murray DM, Patierno SR, Raich PC, Roetzheim RG, Simon M, Snyder FR, Warren-Mears V, Whitley EM, Winters P, Young GS, Paskett ED. Impact of patient navigation on timely cancer care: the Patient Navigation Research Program. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju115. [PMID: 24938303 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient navigation is a promising intervention to address cancer disparities but requires a multisite controlled trial to assess its effectiveness. METHODS The Patient Navigation Research Program compared patient navigation with usual care on time to diagnosis or treatment for participants with breast, cervical, colorectal, or prostate screening abnormalities and/or cancers between 2007 and 2010. Patient navigators developed individualized strategies to address barriers to care, with the focus on preventing delays in care. To assess timeliness of diagnostic resolution, we conducted a meta-analysis of center- and cancer-specific adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) comparing patient navigation vs usual care. To assess initiation of cancer therapy, we calculated a single aHR, pooling data across all centers and cancer types. We conducted a metaregression to evaluate variability across centers. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The 10521 participants with abnormal screening tests and 2105 with a cancer or precancer diagnosis were predominantly from racial/ethnic minority groups (73%) and publically insured (40%) or uninsured (31%). There was no benefit during the first 90 days of care, but a benefit of navigation was seen from 91 to 365 days for both diagnostic resolution (aHR = 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23 to 1.84; P < .001)) and treatment initiation (aHR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.86; P < .007). Metaregression revealed that navigation had its greatest benefits within centers with the greatest delays in follow-up under usual care. CONCLUSIONS Patient navigation demonstrated a moderate benefit in improving timely cancer care. These results support adoption of patient navigation in settings that serve populations at risk of being lost to follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Freund
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Tracy A Battaglia
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Elizabeth Calhoun
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Julie S Darnell
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Donald J Dudley
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Kevin Fiscella
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Martha L Hare
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Nancy LaVerda
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Paul Levine
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - David M Murray
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Steven R Patierno
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Peter C Raich
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Richard G Roetzheim
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Melissa Simon
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Frederick R Snyder
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Victoria Warren-Mears
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Paul Winters
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Gregory S Young
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
| | - Electra D Paskett
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (EDP), and Center for Biostatistics (GSY), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (KMF); Women's Health Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Women's Health Interdisciplinary Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (TAB); Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (EC, JSD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (DLD); Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences and Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (KF); Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities, National Cancer Institute (MLH), and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (DMM), Rockville, MD (MLH); George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC (NL, PL); H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL (J-HL, RGR); George Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC (PL. SRP); Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC (SRP); Denver Health, Denver, CO (PCR, EMW); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (PCR); Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL (RGR); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (MS); Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (MS); Clinical Research Ser
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Tofflemire KL, Whitley EM, Dewell RD, Gould SA, Allbaugh RA, Ben-Shlomo G, O'Connor AM, Whitley RD. Corneal sensitivity in healthy bovine calves. Vet Ophthalmol 2014; 17:305-8. [PMID: 24674385 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate corneal sensitivity as measured by the corneal touch threshold in healthy bovine calves. ANIMALS STUDIED Twelve clinically normal male calves with predominantly Holstein genetics and a median age of 76.5 days (range, 67-92 days). PROCEDURES Corneal touch threshold (CTT) of the central cornea was measured in both eyes of each calf using a Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer. RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation corneal touch threshold of all eyes was 1.33 ± 1.1 g/mm(2) (range, 0.62-66.15 g/mm(2) ), corresponding to a filament length of 34.56 ± 8.02 mm (range, 14-47.5 mm). There was no significant difference between fellow eyes. CONCLUSIONS Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry was well tolerated in all 12 calves using a modified head restraint. Calves in this study may have a relatively sensitive central cornea compared to adult cattle and some other species; however, wide variation among individuals and eyes may be possible. Studies utilizing larger calf populations are necessary to establish reference ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L Tofflemire
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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Tofflemire KL, Whitley EM, Gould SA, Dewell RD, Allbaugh RA, Ben-Shlomo G, O'Connor AM, David Whitley R. Schirmer tear test I and rebound tonometry findings in healthy calves. Vet Ophthalmol 2014; 18:147-51. [DOI: 10.1111/vop.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L. Tofflemire
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Pathology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Stacie A. Gould
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Renee D. Dewell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Rachel A. Allbaugh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Gil Ben-Shlomo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Annette M. O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - R. David Whitley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011 USA
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