1
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Nuechterlein N, Shelbourn A, Szulzewsky F, Arora S, Casad M, Pattwell S, Merino-Galan L, Sulman E, Arowa S, Alvinez N, Jung M, Brown D, Tang K, Jackson S, Stoica S, Chittaboina P, Banasavadi-Siddegowda YK, Wirsching HG, Stella N, Shapiro L, Paddison P, Patel AP, Gilbert MR, Abdullaev Z, Aldape K, Pratt D, Holland EC, Cimino PJ. Haploinsufficiency of phosphodiesterase 10A activates PI3K/AKT signaling independent of PTEN to induce an aggressive glioma phenotype. Genes Dev 2024; 38:273-288. [PMID: 38589034 PMCID: PMC11065166 DOI: 10.1101/gad.351350.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is universally fatal and characterized by frequent chromosomal copy number alterations harboring oncogenes and tumor suppressors. In this study, we analyzed exome-wide human glioblastoma copy number data and found that cytoband 6q27 is an independent poor prognostic marker in multiple data sets. We then combined CRISPR-Cas9 data, human spatial transcriptomic data, and human and mouse RNA sequencing data to nominate PDE10A as a potential haploinsufficient tumor suppressor in the 6q27 region. Mouse glioblastoma modeling using the RCAS/tv-a system confirmed that Pde10a suppression induced an aggressive glioma phenotype in vivo and resistance to temozolomide and radiation therapy in vitro. Cell culture analysis showed that decreased Pde10a expression led to increased PI3K/AKT signaling in a Pten-independent manner, a response blocked by selective PI3K inhibitors. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing from our mouse gliomas in vivo, in combination with cell culture validation, further showed that Pde10a suppression was associated with a proneural-to-mesenchymal transition that exhibited increased cell adhesion and decreased cell migration. Our results indicate that glioblastoma patients harboring PDE10A loss have worse outcomes and potentially increased sensitivity to PI3K inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Nuechterlein
- Neuropathology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Allison Shelbourn
- Neuropathology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Michelle Casad
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Siobhan Pattwell
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145, USA
| | - Leyre Merino-Galan
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145, USA
| | - Erik Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 11220, USA
| | - Sumaita Arowa
- Neuropathology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Neriah Alvinez
- Neuropathology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Miyeon Jung
- Neurosurgical Oncology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Desmond Brown
- Neurosurgical Oncology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Kayen Tang
- Developmental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Sadhana Jackson
- Developmental Therapeutics and Pharmacology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Stefan Stoica
- Neurosurgery Unit for Pituitary and Inheritable Diseases, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Prashant Chittaboina
- Neurosurgery Unit for Pituitary and Inheritable Diseases, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Yeshavanth K Banasavadi-Siddegowda
- Molecular and Therapeutics Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Hans-Georg Wirsching
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Nephi Stella
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Linda Shapiro
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Patrick Paddison
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Anoop P Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Zied Abdullaev
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Drew Pratt
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Neuropathology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA;
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2
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Schmid S, Russell ZR, Yamashita AS, West ME, Parrish AG, Walker J, Rudoy D, Yan JZ, Quist DC, Gessesse BN, Alvinez N, Cimino PJ, Kumasaka DK, Parchment RE, Holland EC, Szulzewsky F. ERK signaling promotes resistance to TRK kinase inhibition in NTRK fusion-driven glioma mouse models. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.13.584849. [PMID: 38558981 PMCID: PMC10979979 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.13.584849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric-type high-grade gliomas frequently harbor gene fusions involving receptor tyrosine kinase genes, including neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor (NTRK) fusions. Clinically, these tumors show high initial response rates to tyrosine kinase inhibition but ultimately recur due to the accumulation of additional resistance-conferring mutations. Here, we developed a series of genetically engineered mouse models of treatment-naïve and -experienced NTRK1/2/3 fusion-driven gliomas. Both the TRK kinase domain and the N-terminal fusion partners influenced tumor histology and aggressiveness. Treatment with TRK kinase inhibitors significantly extended survival of NTRK fusion-driven glioma mice in a fusion- and inhibitor-dependent manner, but tumors ultimately recurred due to the presence of treatment-resistant persister cells. Finally, we show that ERK activation promotes resistance to TRK kinase inhibition and identify MEK inhibition as a potential combination therapy. These models will be invaluable tools for preclinical testing of novel inhibitors and to study the cellular responses of NTRK fusion-driven gliomas to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schmid
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Zachary R Russell
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Alex Shimura Yamashita
- Clinical Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Madeline E West
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Abigail G Parrish
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Julia Walker
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Dmytro Rudoy
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - James Z Yan
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - David C Quist
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Neriah Alvinez
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Debra K Kumasaka
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ralph E Parchment
- Clinical Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Seattle Translational Tumor Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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3
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Szulzewsky F, Thirimanne HN, Holland EC. Meningioma: current updates on genetics, classification, and mouse modeling. Ups J Med Sci 2024; 129:10579. [PMID: 38571886 PMCID: PMC10989216 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v129.10579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas, the most common primary brain tumors in adults, are often benign and curable by surgical resection. However, a subset is of higher grade, shows aggressive growth behavior as well as brain invasion, and often recurs even after several rounds of surgery. Increasing evidence suggests that tumor classification and grading primarily based on histopathology do not always accurately predict tumor aggressiveness and recurrence behavior. The underlying biology of aggressive treatment-resistant meningiomas and the impact of specific genetic aberrations present in these high-grade tumors is still only insufficiently understood. Therefore, an in-depth research into the biology of this tumor type is warranted. More recent studies based on large-scale molecular data such as whole exome/genome sequencing, DNA methylation sequencing, and RNA sequencing have provided new insights into the biology of meningiomas and have revealed new risk factors and prognostic subtypes. The most common genetic aberration in meningiomas is functional loss of NF2 and occurs in both low- and high-grade meningiomas, whereas NF2-wildtype meningiomas are enriched for recurrent mutations in TRAF7, KLF4, AKT1, PI3KCA, and SMO and are more frequently benign. Most meningioma mouse models are based on patient-derived xenografts and only recently have new genetically engineered mouse models of meningioma been developed that will aid in the systematic evaluation of specific mutations found in meningioma and their impact on tumor behavior. In this article, we review recent advances in the understanding of meningioma biology and classification and highlight the most common genetic mutations, as well as discuss new genetically engineered mouse models of meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Eric C. Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Translational Tumor Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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4
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Henikoff S, Henikoff JG, Paranal RM, Greene JE, Zheng Y, Russell ZR, Szulzewsky F, Kugel S, Holland EC, Ahmad K. Direct measurement of RNA Polymerase II hypertranscription in cancer FFPE samples. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.28.582647. [PMID: 38559075 PMCID: PMC10979862 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.28.582647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Hypertranscription is widespread in aggressive human cancers. However detection relies on mRNAs, which are heavily processed and have variable half-lives, and on accurate cell number estimations. Previously we introduced FFPE-CUTAC, a genome-wide method for mapping RNA Polymerase II in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections. Here we apply FFPE-CUTAC on slides and curls to demonstrate hypertranscription at regulatory elements and replication-coupled histone genes. We find that hypertranscription differs between transgene-driven mouse gliomas and scales with enhanced proliferation and reduced mitochondrial DNA. We also apply FFPE-CUTAC to identify tumor-specific patterns in assorted human tumor-normal pairs. We analyze the top-ranked 100 annotated regulatory elements that are hypertranscribed in most of the tumors and identify multiple loci around ERBB2 on Chromosome 17q12-21 in the breast and colon cancer samples, mapping likely HER2 amplifications punctuated by selective sweeps. Our results demonstrate that FFPE-CUTAC measurement of hypertranscription provides an affordable and sensitive genome-wide strategy for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Henikoff
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Jorja G. Henikoff
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ronald M. Paranal
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jacob E. Greene
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular Medicine and Mechanisms of Disease (M3D) PhD Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ye Zheng
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sita Kugel
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric C. Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kami Ahmad
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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5
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Chung CI, Yang J, Yang X, Liu H, Ma Z, Szulzewsky F, Holland EC, Shen Y, Shu X. Phase separation of YAP-MAML2 differentially regulates the transcriptome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310430121. [PMID: 38315854 PMCID: PMC10873646 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310430121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Phase separation (PS) drives the formation of biomolecular condensates that are emerging biological structures involved in diverse cellular processes. Recent studies have unveiled PS-induced formation of several transcriptional factor (TF) condensates that are transcriptionally active, but how strongly PS promotes gene activation remains unclear. Here, we show that the oncogenic TF fusion Yes-associated protein 1-Mastermind like transcriptional coactivator 2 (YAP-MAML2) undergoes PS and forms liquid-like condensates that bear the hallmarks of transcriptional activity. Furthermore, we examined the contribution of PS to YAP-MAML2-mediated gene expression by developing a chemogenetic tool that dissolves TF condensates, allowing us to compare phase-separated and non-phase-separated conditions at identical YAP-MAML2 protein levels. We found that a small fraction of YAP-MAML2-regulated genes is further affected by PS, which include the canonical YAP target genes CTGF and CYR61, and other oncogenes. On the other hand, majority of YAP-MAML2-regulated genes are not affected by PS, highlighting that transcription can be activated effectively by diffuse complexes of TFs with the transcriptional machinery. Our work opens new directions in understanding the role of PS in selective modulation of gene expression, suggesting differential roles of PS in biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-I. Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94158
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Junjiao Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94158
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Human Genetics, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Hongjiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Human Genetics, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Zhimin Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94158
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA98109
| | - Eric C. Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA98109
- Seattle Tumor Translational Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA98109
| | - Yin Shen
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Human Genetics, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94158
| | - Xiaokun Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94158
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94158
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6
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Chen Z, Giotti B, Kaluzova M, Vallcorba MP, Rawat K, Price G, Herting CJ, Pinero G, Cristea S, Ross JL, Ackley J, Maximov V, Szulzewsky F, Thomason W, Marquez-Ropero M, Angione A, Nichols N, Tsankova NM, Michor F, Shayakhmetov DM, Gutmann DH, Tsankov AM, Hambardzumyan D. A paracrine circuit of IL-1β/IL-1R1 between myeloid and tumor cells drives genotype-dependent glioblastoma progression. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163802. [PMID: 37733448 PMCID: PMC10645395 DOI: 10.1172/jci163802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from blood circulation infiltrate glioblastoma (GBM) and promote growth. Here, we show that PDGFB-driven GBM cells induce the expression of the potent proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in MDM, which engages IL-1R1 in tumor cells, activates the NF-κB pathway, and subsequently leads to induction of monocyte chemoattractant proteins (MCPs). Thus, a feedforward paracrine circuit of IL-1β/IL-1R1 between tumors and MDM creates an interdependence driving PDGFB-driven GBM progression. Genetic loss or locally antagonizing IL-1β/IL-1R1 leads to reduced MDM infiltration, diminished tumor growth, and reduced exhausted CD8+ T cells and thereby extends the survival of tumor-bearing mice. In contrast to IL-1β, IL-1α exhibits antitumor effects. Genetic deletion of Il1a/b is associated with decreased recruitment of lymphoid cells and loss-of-interferon signaling in various immune populations and subsets of malignant cells and is associated with decreased survival time of PDGFB-driven tumor-bearing mice. In contrast to PDGFB-driven GBM, Nf1-silenced tumors have a constitutively active NF-κB pathway, which drives the expression of MCPs to recruit monocytes into tumors. These results indicate local antagonism of IL-1β could be considered as an effective therapy specifically for proneural GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, AFLAC Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, and
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bruno Giotti
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Milota Kaluzova
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, AFLAC Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, and
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Montse Puigdelloses Vallcorba
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kavita Rawat
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gabrielle Price
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cameron J. Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, AFLAC Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, and
| | - Gonzalo Pinero
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Simona Cristea
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James L. Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, AFLAC Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, and
- Emory University Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James Ackley
- Department of Pediatrics, AFLAC Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, and
| | - Victor Maximov
- Department of Pediatrics, AFLAC Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, and
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Wes Thomason
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mar Marquez-Ropero
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angelo Angione
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Nadejda M. Tsankova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Franziska Michor
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dmitry M. Shayakhmetov
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology and Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - David H. Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alexander M. Tsankov
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, AFLAC Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, and
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and
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7
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Henikoff S, Henikoff JG, Ahmad K, Paranal RM, Janssens DH, Russell ZR, Szulzewsky F, Kugel S, Holland EC. Epigenomic analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples by CUT&Tag. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5930. [PMID: 37739938 PMCID: PMC10516967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
For more than a century, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sample preparation has been the preferred method for long-term preservation of biological material. However, the use of FFPE samples for epigenomic studies has been difficult because of chromatin damage from long exposure to high concentrations of formaldehyde. Previously, we introduced Cleavage Under Targeted Accessible Chromatin (CUTAC), an antibody-targeted chromatin accessibility mapping protocol based on CUT&Tag. Here we show that simple modifications of our CUTAC protocol either in single tubes or directly on slides produce high-resolution maps of paused RNA Polymerase II at enhancers and promoters using FFPE samples. We find that transcriptional regulatory element differences produced by FFPE-CUTAC distinguish between mouse brain tumors and identify and map regulatory element markers with high confidence and precision, including microRNAs not detectable by RNA-seq. Our simple workflows make possible affordable epigenomic profiling of archived biological samples for biomarker identification, clinical applications and retrospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Henikoff
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Jorja G Henikoff
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kami Ahmad
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ronald M Paranal
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Derek H Janssens
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zachary R Russell
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sita Kugel
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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8
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Arora S, Szulzewsky F, Jensen M, Nuechterlein N, Pattwell SS, Holland EC. Visualizing genomic characteristics across an RNA-Seq based reference landscape of normal and neoplastic brain. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4228. [PMID: 36918656 PMCID: PMC10014937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to better understand the relationship between normal and neoplastic brain, we combined five publicly available large-scale datasets, correcting for batch effects and applying Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to RNA-Seq data. We assembled a reference Brain-UMAP including 702 adult gliomas, 802 pediatric tumors and 1409 healthy normal brain samples, which can be utilized to investigate the wealth of information obtained from combining several publicly available datasets to study a single organ site. Normal brain regions and tumor types create distinct clusters and because the landscape is generated by RNA-Seq, comparative gene expression profiles and gene ontology patterns are readily evident. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that allows for comparison of gene expression and pathways of interest across adult gliomas, pediatric brain tumors, and normal brain regions. We provide access to this resource via the open source, interactive online tool Oncoscape, where the scientific community can readily visualize clinical metadata, gene expression patterns, gene fusions, mutations, and copy number patterns for individual genes and pathway over this reference landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Matt Jensen
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Nicholas Nuechterlein
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Siobhan S Pattwell
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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9
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Arora S, Szulzewsky F, Jensen M, Nuechterlein N, Pattwell SS, Holland EC. An RNA seq-based reference landscape of human normal and neoplastic brain. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2448083. [PMID: 36711972 PMCID: PMC9882693 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2448083/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to better understand the relationship between normal and neoplastic brain, we combined five publicly available large-scale datasets, correcting for batch effects and applying Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to RNA-seq data. We assembled a reference Brain-UMAP including 702 adult gliomas, 802 pediatric tumors and 1409 healthy normal brain samples, which can be utilized to investigate the wealth of information obtained from combining several publicly available datasets to study a single organ site. Normal brain regions and tumor types create distinct clusters and because the landscape is generated by RNA seq, comparative gene expression profiles and gene ontology patterns are readily evident. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that allows for comparison of gene expression and pathways of interest across adult gliomas, pediatric brain tumors, and normal brain regions. We provide access to this resource via the open source, interactive online tool Oncoscape, where the scientific community can readily visualize clinical metadata, gene expression patterns, gene fusions, mutations, and copy number patterns for individual genes and pathway over this reference landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Siobhan S Pattwell
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute
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10
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Arora S, Szulzewsky F, Jensen M, Nuechterlein N, Pattwell SS, Holland EC. An RNA seq-based reference landscape of human normal and neoplastic brain. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.03.522658. [PMID: 36711910 PMCID: PMC9881953 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.03.522658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to better understand the relationship between normal and neoplastic brain, we combined five publicly available large-scale datasets, correcting for batch effects and applying Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to RNA-seq data. We assembled a reference Brain-UMAP including 702 adult gliomas, 802 pediatric tumors and 1409 healthy normal brain samples, which can be utilized to investigate the wealth of information obtained from combining several publicly available datasets to study a single organ site. Normal brain regions and tumor types create distinct clusters and because the landscape is generated by RNA seq, comparative gene expression profiles and gene ontology patterns are readily evident. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that allows for comparison of gene expression and pathways of interest across adult gliomas, pediatric brain tumors, and normal brain regions. We provide access to this resource via the open source, interactive online tool Oncoscape, where the scientific community can readily visualize clinical metadata, gene expression patterns, gene fusions, mutations, and copy number patterns for individual genes and pathway over this reference landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Matt Jensen
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Nicholas Nuechterlein
- Paul Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Siobhan S Pattwell
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109
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11
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Szulzewsky F, Arora S, Arakaki A, Sievers P, Bonnin DA, Paddison P, Sahm F, Cimino P, Gujral T, Holland E. MODL-36. EXPRESSION OF YAP1-MAML2 AND CONSTITUTIVELY ACTIVE YAP1 DRIVE THE FORMATION OF MENINGIOMA-LIKE TUMORS IN MICE THAT RESEMBLE NF2-MUTANT MENINGIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9661283 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac209.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
YAP1 is a transcriptional co-activator and oncogene under the control of the Hippo Signaling Pathway. Functional inactivation of Hippo Pathway tumor suppressors, including NF2, are frequent events in human cancers. Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors, and a large percentage exhibit heterozygous loss of chromosome 22 (harboring the NF2 gene) and functional inactivation of the remaining NF2 gene copy, implicating oncogenic YAP activity in the pathobiology of almost half of these tumors. An alternate type of activating YAP1 mutation are YAP1 gene fusions that have been identified in several cancer subtypes. Recently, fusions between YAP1 and MAML2 have been identified in a subset of pediatric NF2-wild type meningiomas. Here, we show that the expression profile of human YAP1-MAML2-positive pediatric meningiomas resembles that of the common NF2-mutant meningiomas based on global and YAP-related gene expression signatures. We then use the RCAS/tv-a system for postnatal gene transfer and show that the intracranial expression of YAP1-MAML2 in neonatal mice results in the formation of meningioma-like tumors that exert a similar gene expression pattern as seen in human YAP1 fusion-positive and NF2-mutant meningiomas and regulate classical YAP1 target genes. We demonstrate that YAP1-MAML2 exerts oncogenic YAP activity that is resistant to inhibitory Hippo pathway signaling and relies on the interaction with TEAD transcription factors. Pharmacological disruption of this interaction is sufficient to inhibit the viability of YAP1-MAML2-expressing mouse tumors ex vivo. Finally, we show that constitutively active YAP1 (S127/397A-YAP1) is also sufficient to cause the formation of similar meningioma-like tumors suggesting that the YAP component of the gene fusion is the critical driver of these tumors. In summary, our results implicate YAP1-MAML2 as a sufficient oncogenic driver in YAP1-MAML2 fusion-positive meningiomas, which mimic NF2-mutant meningiomas, and highlight TEAD-dependent YAP activity as a potential therapeutic target in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Philipp Sievers
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, and Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | | | | | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, and Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Patrick Cimino
- Surgical Neurology Branch, NINDS, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA
| | | | - Eric Holland
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , Seattle, WA , USA
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12
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Pattwell SS, Arora S, Nuechterlein N, Zager M, Loeb KR, Cimino PJ, Holland NC, Reche-Ley N, Bolouri H, Almiron Bonnin DA, Szulzewsky F, Phadnis VV, Ozawa T, Wagner MJ, Haffner MC, Cao J, Shendure J, Holland EC. Oncogenic role of a developmentally regulated NTRK2 splice variant. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabo6789. [PMID: 36206341 PMCID: PMC9544329 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo6789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Temporally regulated alternative splicing choices are vital for proper development, yet the wrong splice choice may be detrimental. Here, we highlight a previously unidentified role for the neurotrophin receptor splice variant TrkB.T1 in neurodevelopment, embryogenesis, transformation, and oncogenesis across multiple tumor types in humans and mice. TrkB.T1 is the predominant NTRK2 isoform across embryonic organogenesis, and forced overexpression of this embryonic pattern causes multiple solid and nonsolid tumors in mice in the context of tumor suppressor loss. TrkB.T1 also emerges as the predominant NTRK isoform expressed in a wide range of adult and pediatric tumors, including those harboring tropomyosin receptor kinase fusions. Affinity purification-mass spectrometry proteomic analysis reveals distinct interactors with known developmental and oncogenic signaling pathways such as Wnt, transforming growth factor-β, Sonic Hedgehog, and Ras. From alterations in splicing factors to changes in gene expression, the discovery of isoform specific oncogenes with embryonic ancestry has the potential to shape the way we think about developmental systems and oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan S. Pattwell
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Division of Pediatrics, Department Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nicholas Nuechterlein
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael Zager
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center for Data Visualization, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Keith R. Loeb
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 325 9th Avenue, Box 359791, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Patrick J. Cimino
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 325 9th Avenue, Box 359791, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Nikolas C. Holland
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, #809, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Hamid Bolouri
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Benaroya Research Institute, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Damian A. Almiron Bonnin
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Tatsuya Ozawa
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Michael J. Wagner
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, 825 Eastlake Ave E., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 325 9th Avenue, Box 359791, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Junyue Cao
- Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Allen Discovery Center for Cell Lineage Tracing, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Eric C. Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Seattle Tumor Translational Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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13
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Szulzewsky F, Arora S, Arakaki AKS, Sievers P, Almiron Bonnin DA, Paddison PJ, Sahm F, Cimino PJ, Gujral TS, Holland EC. Both YAP1-MAML2 and constitutively active YAP1 drive the formation of tumors that resemble NF2 mutant meningiomas in mice. Genes Dev 2022; 36:gad.349876.122. [PMID: 36008139 PMCID: PMC9480855 DOI: 10.1101/gad.349876.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
YAP1 is a transcriptional coactivator regulated by the Hippo signaling pathway, including NF2. Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors; a large percentage exhibit heterozygous loss of chromosome 22 (harboring the NF2 gene) and functional inactivation of the remaining NF2 copy, implicating oncogenic YAP activity in these tumors. Recently, fusions between YAP1 and MAML2 have been identified in a subset of pediatric NF2 wild-type meningiomas. Here, we show that human YAP1-MAML2-positive meningiomas resemble NF2 mutant meningiomas by global and YAP-related gene expression signatures. We then show that expression of YAP1-MAML2 in mice induces tumors that resemble human YAP1 fusion-positive and NF2 mutant meningiomas by gene expression. We demonstrate that YAP1-MAML2 primarily functions by exerting TEAD-dependent YAP activity that is resistant to Hippo signaling. Treatment with YAP-TEAD inhibitors is sufficient to inhibit the viability of YAP1-MAML2-driven mouse tumors ex vivo. Finally, we show that expression of constitutively active YAP1 (S127/397A-YAP1) is sufficient to induce similar tumors, suggesting that the YAP component of the gene fusion is the critical driver of these tumors. In summary, our results implicate YAP1-MAML2 as a causal oncogenic driver and highlight TEAD-dependent YAP activity as an oncogenic driver in YAP1-MAML2 fusion meningioma as well as NF2 mutant meningioma in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Aleena K S Arakaki
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Philipp Sievers
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Patrick J Paddison
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Taranjit S Gujral
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Seattle Translational Tumor Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
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14
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Arakaki AKS, Szulzewsky F, Gilbert MR, Gujral TS, Holland EC. Utilizing preclinical models to develop targeted therapies for rare central nervous system cancers. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:S4-S15. [PMID: 34725698 PMCID: PMC8561121 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with rare central nervous system (CNS) tumors typically have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Historically, these cancers have been difficult to study due to small number of patients. Recent technological advances have identified molecular drivers of some of these rare cancers which we can now use to generate representative preclinical models of these diseases. In this review, we outline the advantages and disadvantages of different models, emphasizing the utility of various in vitro and ex vivo models for target discovery and mechanistic inquiry and multiple in vivo models for therapeutic validation. We also highlight recent literature on preclinical model generation and screening approaches for ependymomas, histone mutated high-grade gliomas, and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors, all of which are rare CNS cancers that have recently established genetic or epigenetic drivers. These preclinical models are critical to advancing targeted therapeutics for these rare CNS cancers that currently rely on conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleena K S Arakaki
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Taranjit S Gujral
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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15
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Szulzewsky F, Cimino PJ. Fusing the Genetic Landscape of Infantile High-Grade Gliomas. Cancer Discov 2021; 10:904-906. [PMID: 32611733 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Clarke and colleagues define the genetic landscape of infantile cerebral high-grade gliomas, which frequently contain alterations in the MAPK pathway, as well as recurrent gene fusions in receptor tyrosine kinases (ALK, ROS1, MET) and neurotrophic receptor kinases (NTRK1-3). Combining their multi-omic profiling data with functional preclinical and clinical studies, this large multi-institutional study provides strong rationale for future classification and molecular subtype-specific therapeutic management of infantile high-grade glioma.See related article by Clarke et al., p. 942.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
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16
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Ozawa T, Kaneko S, Szulzewsky F, Qiao Z, Takadera M, Narita Y, Kondo T, Holland EC, Hamamoto R, Ichimura K. Publisher Correction to: C11orf95-RELA fusion drives aberrant gene expression through the unique epigenetic regulation for ependymoma formation. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:100. [PMID: 34044883 PMCID: PMC8157639 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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17
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Ene CI, Kreuser SA, Jung M, Zhang H, Arora S, White Moyes K, Szulzewsky F, Barber J, Cimino PJ, Wirsching HG, Patel A, Kong P, Woodiwiss TR, Durfy SJ, Houghton AM, Pierce RH, Parney IF, Crane CA, Holland EC. Anti-PD-L1 antibody direct activation of macrophages contributes to a radiation-induced abscopal response in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:639-651. [PMID: 31793634 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most glioblastomas recur near prior radiation treatment sites. Future clinical success will require achieving and optimizing an "abscopal effect," whereby unirradiated neoplastic cells outside treatment sites are recognized and attacked by the immune system. Radiation combined with anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) demonstrated modest efficacy in phase II human glioblastoma clinical trials, but the mechanism and relevance of the abscopal effect during this response remain unknown. METHODS We modified an immune-competent, genetically driven mouse glioma model (forced platelet derived growth factor [PDGF] expression + phosphatase and tensin homolog loss) where a portion of the tumor burden is irradiated (PDGF) and another unirradiated luciferase-expressing tumor (PDGF + luciferase) is used as a readout of the abscopal effect following systemic anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. We assessed relevance of tumor neoepitope during the abscopal response by inducing expression of epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) (PDGF + EGFRvIII). Statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Following radiation of one lesion, anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy enhanced the abscopal response to the unirradiated lesion. In PDGF-driven gliomas without tumor neoepitope (PDGF + luciferase, n = 8), the abscopal response occurred via anti-PD-L1 driven, extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mediated, bone marrow-derived macrophage phagocytosis of adjacent unirradiated tumor cells, with modest survival implications (median survival 41 days vs radiation alone 37.5 days, P = 0.03). In PDGF-driven gliomas with tumor neoepitope (PDGF + EGFRvIII, n = 8), anti-PD-L1 enhanced abscopal response was associated with macrophage and T-cell infiltration and increased survival benefit (median survival 36 days vs radiation alone 28 days, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy enhances a radiation- induced abscopal response via canonical T-cell activation and direct macrophage activation in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibawanye I Ene
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shannon A Kreuser
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Miyeon Jung
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Huajia Zhang
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kara White Moyes
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jason Barber
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Hans-Georg Wirsching
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anoop Patel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paul Kong
- Experimental Histopathology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Washington
| | - Timothy R Woodiwiss
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sharon J Durfy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - A McGarry Houghton
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Robert H Pierce
- Experimental Histopathology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Washington
| | - Ian F Parney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Courtney A Crane
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.,Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Eric C Holland
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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18
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Ozawa T, Kaneko S, Szulzewsky F, Qiao Z, Takadera M, Narita Y, Kondo T, Holland EC, Hamamoto R, Ichimura K. C11orf95-RELA fusion drives aberrant gene expression through the unique epigenetic regulation for ependymoma formation. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:36. [PMID: 33685520 PMCID: PMC7941712 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01135-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent C11orf95-RELA fusions (RELAFUS) are the hallmark of supratentorial ependymomas. The presence of RELA as the fusion partner indicates a close association of aberrant NF-κB activity with tumorigenesis. However, the oncogenic role of the C11orf95 has not been determined. Here, we performed ChIP-seq analyses to explore genomic regions bound by RELAFUS and H3K27ac proteins in human 293T and mouse ependymoma cells. We then utilized published RNA-Seq data from human and mouse RELAFUS tumors and identified target genes that were directly regulated by RELAFUS in these tumors. Subsequent transcription factor motif analyses of RELAFUS target genes detected a unique GC-rich motif recognized by the C11orf95 moiety, that is present in approximately half of RELAFUS target genes. Luciferase assays confirmed that a promoter carrying this motif is sufficient to drive RELAFUS-dependent gene expression. Further, the RELAFUS target genes were found to be overlapped with Rela target genes primarily via non-canonical NF-κB binding sites. Using a series of truncation and substitution mutants of RELAFUS, we also show that the activation domain in the RELAFUS moiety is necessary for the regulation of gene expression of these RELAFUS target genes. Lastly, we performed an anti-cancer drug screening with mouse ependymoma cells and identified potential anti-ependymoma drugs that are related to the oncogenic mechanism of RELAFUS. These findings suggested that RELAFUS might induce ependymoma formation through oncogenic pathways orchestrated by both C11orf95 and RELA target genes. Thus, our study unveils a complex gene function of RELAFUS as an oncogenic transcription factor in RELAFUS positive ependymomas.
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19
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Kanvinde PP, Malla AP, Connolly NP, Szulzewsky F, Anastasiadis P, Ames HM, Kim AJ, Winkles JA, Holland EC, Woodworth GF. Leveraging the replication-competent avian-like sarcoma virus/tumor virus receptor-A system for modeling human gliomas. Glia 2021; 69:2059-2076. [PMID: 33638562 PMCID: PMC8591561 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary intrinsic brain tumors occurring in adults. Of all malignant gliomas, glioblastoma (GBM) is considered the deadliest tumor type due to diffuse brain invasion, immune evasion, cellular, and molecular heterogeneity, and resistance to treatments resulting in high rates of recurrence. An extensive understanding of the genomic and microenvironmental landscape of gliomas gathered over the past decade has renewed interest in pursuing novel therapeutics, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, glioma-associated macrophage/microglia (GAMs) modulators, and others. In light of this, predictive animal models that closely recreate the conditions and findings found in human gliomas will serve an increasingly important role in identifying new, effective therapeutic strategies. Although numerous syngeneic, xenograft, and transgenic rodent models have been developed, few include the full complement of pathobiological features found in human tumors, and therefore few accurately predict bench-to-bedside success. This review provides an update on how genetically engineered rodent models based on the replication-competent avian-like sarcoma (RCAS) virus/tumor virus receptor-A (tv-a) system have been used to recapitulate key elements of human gliomas in an immunologically intact host microenvironment and highlights new approaches using this model system as a predictive tool for advancing translational glioma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjali P Kanvinde
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adarsha P Malla
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nina P Connolly
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Pavlos Anastasiadis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather M Ames
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anthony J Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Winkles
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Seattle Tumor Translational Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Graeme F Woodworth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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20
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Ross JL, Chen Z, Herting CJ, Grabovska Y, Szulzewsky F, Puigdelloses M, Monterroza L, Switchenko J, Wadhwani NR, Cimino PJ, Mackay A, Jones C, Read RD, MacDonald TJ, Schniederjan M, Becher OJ, Hambardzumyan D. Platelet-derived growth factor beta is a potent inflammatory driver in paediatric high-grade glioma. Brain 2021; 144:53-69. [PMID: 33300045 PMCID: PMC7954387 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paediatric high-grade gliomas (HGGs) account for the most brain tumour-related deaths in children and have a median survival of 12-15 months. One promising avenue of research is the development of novel therapies targeting the properties of non-neoplastic cell-types within the tumour such as tumour associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs are immunosuppressive and promote tumour malignancy in adult HGG; however, in paediatric medulloblastoma, TAMs exhibit anti-tumour properties. Much is known about TAMs in adult HGG, yet little is known about them in the paediatric setting. This raises the question of whether paediatric HGGs possess a distinct constituency of TAMs because of their unique genetic landscapes. Using human paediatric HGG tissue samples and murine models of paediatric HGG, we demonstrate diffuse midline gliomas possess a greater inflammatory gene expression profile compared to hemispheric paediatric HGGs. We also show despite possessing sparse T-cell infiltration, human paediatric HGGs possess high infiltration of IBA1+ TAMs. CD31, PDGFRβ, and PDGFB all strongly correlate with IBA1+ TAM infiltration. To investigate the TAM population, we used the RCAS/tv-a system to recapitulate paediatric HGG in newborn immunocompetent mice. Tumours are induced in Nestin-positive brain cells by PDGFA or PDGFB overexpression with Cdkn2a or Tp53 co-mutations. Tumours driven by PDGFB have a significantly lower median survival compared to PDGFA-driven tumours and have increased TAM infiltration. NanoString and quantitative PCR analysis indicates PDGFB-driven tumours have a highly inflammatory microenvironment characterized by high chemokine expression. In vitro bone marrow-derived monocyte and microglial cultures demonstrate bone marrow-derived monocytes are most responsible for the production of inflammatory signals in the tumour microenvironment in response to PDGFB stimulation. Lastly, using knockout mice deficient for individual chemokines, we demonstrate the feasibility of reducing TAM infiltration and prolonging survival in both PDGFA and PDGFB-driven tumours. We identify CCL3 as a potential key chemokine in these processes in both humans and mice. Together, these studies provide evidence for the potent inflammatory effects PDGFB has in paediatric HGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cameron J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University Graduate Division of Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yura Grabovska
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Montserrat Puigdelloses
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for the Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Lenore Monterroza
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Switchenko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nitin R Wadhwani
- Department of Pathology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alan Mackay
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Chris Jones
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Renee D Read
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew Schniederjan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Oren J Becher
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Szulzewsky F, Holland EC, Vasioukhin V. YAP1 and its fusion proteins in cancer initiation, progression and therapeutic resistance. Dev Biol 2021; 475:205-221. [PMID: 33428889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
YAP1 is a transcriptional co-activator whose activity is controlled by the Hippo signaling pathway. In addition to important functions in normal tissue homeostasis and regeneration, YAP1 has also prominent functions in cancer initiation, aggressiveness, metastasis, and therapy resistance. In this review we are discussing the molecular functions of YAP1 and its roles in cancer, with a focus on the different mechanisms of de-regulation of YAP1 activity in human cancers, including inactivation of upstream Hippo pathway tumor suppressors, regulation by intersecting pathways, miRNAs, and viral oncogenes. We are also discussing new findings on the function and biology of the recently identified family of YAP1 gene fusions, that constitute a new type of activating mutation of YAP1 and that are the likely oncogenic drivers in several subtypes of human cancers. Lastly, we also discuss different strategies of therapeutic inhibition of YAP1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA; Seattle Tumor Translational Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Valeri Vasioukhin
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
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22
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Alexander J, LaPlant QC, Pattwell SS, Szulzewsky F, Cimino PJ, Caruso FP, Pugliese P, Chen Z, Chardon F, Hill AJ, Spurrell C, Ahrendsen D, Pietras A, Starita LM, Hambardzumyan D, Iavarone A, Shendure J, Holland EC. Multimodal single-cell analysis reveals distinct radioresistant stem-like and progenitor cell populations in murine glioma. Glia 2020; 68:2486-2502. [PMID: 32621641 PMCID: PMC7586969 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is part of the standard of care for gliomas and kills a subset of tumor cells, while also altering the tumor microenvironment. Tumor cells with stem-like properties preferentially survive radiation and give rise to glioma recurrence. Various techniques for enriching and quantifying cells with stem-like properties have been used, including the fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)-based side population (SP) assay, which is a functional assay that enriches for stem-like tumor cells. In these analyses, mouse models of glioma have been used to understand the biology of this disease and therapeutic responses, including the radiation response. We present combined SP analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing of genetically-engineered mouse models of glioma to show a time course of cellular response to radiation. We identify and characterize two distinct tumor cell populations that are inherently radioresistant and also distinct effects of radiation on immune cell populations within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jes Alexander
- Department of Genome SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Quincey C. LaPlant
- Department of Radiation OncologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Siobhan S. Pattwell
- Human Biology DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Patrick J. Cimino
- Human Biology DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Francesca P. Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
- Bioinformatics Lab, BIOGEMAriano IrpinoItaly
| | - Pietro Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
- Bioinformatics Lab, BIOGEMAriano IrpinoItaly
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Oncological SciencesTisch Cancer Institute, and Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Icahn School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Florence Chardon
- Department of Genome SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Andrew J. Hill
- Department of Genome SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Cailyn Spurrell
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Dakota Ahrendsen
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | - Lea M. Starita
- Department of Genome SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological SciencesTisch Cancer Institute, and Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Icahn School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Neurology, Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Allen Discovery Center for Cell LineageSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Eric C. Holland
- Human Biology DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
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23
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Takadera M, Satomi K, Szulzewsky F, Cimino PJ, Holland EC, Yamamoto T, Ichimura K, Ozawa T. Phenotypic characterization with somatic genome editing and gene transfer reveals the diverse oncogenicity of ependymoma fusion genes. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:203. [PMID: 33228790 PMCID: PMC7684901 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-01080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent RELA and YAP1 fusions are intimately associated with tumorigenesis in supratentorial ependymomas. Chromothripsis and focal copy number alterations involving 11q are hallmarks of these tumors. However, it is unknown whether the chromosomal alterations are a direct causal event resulting in fusion transcripts. In addition, the biological significance of the RELA fusion variants and YAP1 fusions is not yet fully characterized. In this study, we generated gene rearrangements on 11q with the CRISPR/Cas9 system and investigated the formation of oncogenic ependymoma fusion genes. Further, we examined the oncogenic potential of RELA fusion variants and YAP1 fusions in a lentiviral gene transfer model. We observed that endogenous RELA fusion events were successfully induced by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome rearrangement in cultured cells. In vivo genome editing in mouse brain resulted in the development of ependymoma-like brain tumors that harbored the Rela fusion gene. All RELA fusion variants tested, except a variant lacking the Rel homology domain, were able to induce tumor formation, albeit with different efficacy. Furthermore, expression of YAP1-FAM118B and YAP1-MAMLD1 fusions induced the formation of spindle-cell-like tumors at varying efficacy. Our results indicate that chromosomal rearrangements involving the Rela locus are the causal event for the formation of Rela fusion-driven ependymomas in mice. Furthermore, the type of RELA. fusion might affect the aggressiveness of tumors and that the Rel homology domain is essential for the oncogenic functions of RELA. fusions. The YAP1 fusion genes are also oncogenic when expressed in mice.
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24
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De Boeck A, Ahn BY, D'Mello C, Lun X, Menon SV, Alshehri MM, Szulzewsky F, Shen Y, Khan L, Dang NH, Reichardt E, Goring KA, King J, Grisdale CJ, Grinshtein N, Hambardzumyan D, Reilly KM, Blough MD, Cairncross JG, Yong VW, Marra MA, Jones SJM, Kaplan DR, McCoy KD, Holland EC, Bose P, Chan JA, Robbins SM, Senger DL. Glioma-derived IL-33 orchestrates an inflammatory brain tumor microenvironment that accelerates glioma progression. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4997. [PMID: 33020472 PMCID: PMC7536425 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a deeper molecular understanding, human glioblastoma remains one of the most treatment refractory and fatal cancers. It is known that the presence of macrophages and microglia impact glioblastoma tumorigenesis and prevent durable response. Herein we identify the dual function cytokine IL-33 as an orchestrator of the glioblastoma microenvironment that contributes to tumorigenesis. We find that IL-33 expression in a large subset of human glioma specimens and murine models correlates with increased tumor-associated macrophages/monocytes/microglia. In addition, nuclear and secreted functions of IL-33 regulate chemokines that collectively recruit and activate circulating and resident innate immune cells creating a pro-tumorigenic environment. Conversely, loss of nuclear IL-33 cripples recruitment, dramatically suppresses glioma growth, and increases survival. Our data supports the paradigm that recruitment and activation of immune cells, when instructed appropriately, offer a therapeutic strategy that switches the focus from the cancer cell alone to one that includes the normal host environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid De Boeck
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bo Young Ahn
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Charlotte D'Mello
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Xueqing Lun
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shyam V Menon
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mana M Alshehri
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Divison of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lubaba Khan
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ngoc Ha Dang
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Elliott Reichardt
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kimberly-Ann Goring
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer King
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cameron J Grisdale
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Natalie Grinshtein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto and Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute and the Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Karlyne M Reilly
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael D Blough
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Gregory Cairncross
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - V Wee Yong
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David R Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto and Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eric C Holland
- Divison of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Pinaki Bose
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Chan
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen M Robbins
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Donna L Senger
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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25
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Wirsching HG, Arora S, Zhang H, Szulzewsky F, Cimino PJ, Quéva C, Houghton AM, Glorioso JC, Weller M, Holland EC. Cooperation of oncolytic virotherapy with VEGF-neutralizing antibody treatment in IDH wildtype glioblastoma depends on MMP9. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:1607-1609. [PMID: 31412117 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Georg Wirsching
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Seattle Translational Tumor Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Huajia Zhang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - A McGarry Houghton
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joseph C Glorioso
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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26
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Szulzewsky F, Arora S, Hoellerbauer P, King C, Nathan E, Chan M, Cimino PJ, Ozawa T, Kawauchi D, Pajtler KW, Gilbertson RJ, Paddison PJ, Vasioukhin V, Gujral TS, Holland EC. Comparison of tumor-associated YAP1 fusions identifies a recurrent set of functions critical for oncogenesis. Genes Dev 2020; 34:1051-1064. [PMID: 32675324 PMCID: PMC7397849 DOI: 10.1101/gad.338681.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
YAP1 is a transcriptional coactivator and the principal effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, which is causally implicated in human cancer. Several YAP1 gene fusions have been identified in various human cancers and identifying the essential components of this family of gene fusions has significant therapeutic value. Here, we show that the YAP1 gene fusions YAP1-MAMLD1, YAP1-FAM118B, YAP1-TFE3, and YAP1-SS18 are oncogenic in mice. Using reporter assays, RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and loss-of-function mutations, we can show that all of these YAP1 fusion proteins exert TEAD-dependent YAP activity, while some also exert activity of the C'-terminal fusion partner. The YAP activity of the different YAP1 fusions is resistant to negative Hippo pathway regulation due to constitutive nuclear localization and resistance to degradation of the YAP1 fusion proteins. Genetic disruption of the TEAD-binding domain of these oncogenic YAP1 fusions is sufficient to inhibit tumor formation in vivo, while pharmacological inhibition of the YAP1-TEAD interaction inhibits the growth of YAP1 fusion-expressing cell lines in vitro. These results highlight TEAD-dependent YAP activity found in these gene fusions as critical for oncogenesis and implicate these YAP functions as potential therapeutic targets in YAP1 fusion-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Pia Hoellerbauer
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Claire King
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge Cancer Center, Cambridge CB2 0RE, England
| | - Erica Nathan
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge Cancer Center, Cambridge CB2 0RE, England
| | - Marina Chan
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
| | - Tatsuya Ozawa
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawauchi
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristian W Pajtler
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Patrick J Paddison
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Valeri Vasioukhin
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Taranjit S Gujral
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Seattle Tumor Translational Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
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27
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Chen Z, Herting CJ, Ross JL, Gabanic B, Puigdelloses Vallcorba M, Szulzewsky F, Wojciechowicz ML, Cimino PJ, Ezhilarasan R, Sulman EP, Ying M, Ma'ayan A, Read RD, Hambardzumyan D. Genetic driver mutations introduced in identical cell-of-origin in murine glioblastoma reveal distinct immune landscapes but similar response to checkpoint blockade. Glia 2020; 68:2148-2166. [PMID: 32639068 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor. In addition to being genetically heterogeneous, GBMs are also immunologically heterogeneous. However, whether the differences in immune microenvironment are driven by genetic driver mutation is unexplored. By leveraging the versatile RCAS/tv-a somatic gene transfer system, we establish a mouse model for Classical GBM by introducing EGFRvIII expression in Nestin-positive neural stem/progenitor cells in adult mice. Along with our previously published Nf1-silenced and PDGFB-overexpressing models, we investigate the immune microenvironments of the three models of human GBM subtypes by unbiased multiplex profiling. We demonstrate that both the quantity and composition of the microenvironmental myeloid cells are dictated by the genetic driver mutations, closely mimicking what was observed in human GBM subtypes. These myeloid cells express high levels of the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1; however, PD-L1 targeted therapies alone or in combination with irradiation are unable to increase the survival time of tumor-bearing mice regardless of the driver mutations, reflecting the outcomes of recent human trials. Together, these results highlight the critical utility of immunocompetent mouse models for preclinical studies of GBM, making these models indispensable tools for understanding the resistance mechanisms of immune checkpoint blockade in GBM and immune cell-targeting drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cameron J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Graduate Division of Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James L Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ben Gabanic
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Montse Puigdelloses Vallcorba
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Program of Solid Tumors, Center for the Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Megan L Wojciechowicz
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ravesanker Ezhilarasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Spine Tumor Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mingyao Ying
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Avi Ma'ayan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Bioinformatics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renee D Read
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory Usniversity School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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28
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Niu B, Zeng X, Phan TA, Szulzewsky F, Holte S, Holland EC, Tian JP. Mathematical modeling of PDGF-driven glioma reveals the dynamics of immune cells infiltrating into tumors. Neoplasia 2020; 22:323-332. [PMID: 32585427 PMCID: PMC7322103 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor-infiltrated immune cells compose a significant component of many cancers. They have been observed to have contradictory impacts on tumors. Although the primary reasons for these observations remain elusive, it is important to understand how immune cells infiltrating into tumors is regulated. Recently our group conducted a series of experimental studies, which showed that muIDH1 gliomas have a significant global reduction of immune cells and suggested that the longer survival time of mice with CIMP gliomas may be due to the IDH mutation and its effect on reducing of the tumor-infiltrated immune cells. However, to comprehend how IDH1 mutants regulate infiltration of immune cells into gliomas and how they affect the aggressiveness of gliomas, it is necessary to integrate our experimental data into a dynamical system to acquire a much deeper understanding of subtle regulation of immune cell infiltration. Methods: The method is integration of mathematical modeling and experiments. According to mass conservation laws and assumption that immune cells migrate into the tumor site along a chemotactic gradient field, a mathematical model is formulated. Parameters are estimated from our experiments. Numerical methods are developed to solve the problem. Numerical predictions are compared with experimental results. Results: Our analysis shows that the net rate of increase of immune cells infiltrated into the tumor is approximately proportional to the 4/5 power of the chemoattractant production rate, and it is an increasing function of time while the percentage of immune cells infiltrated into the tumor is a decreasing function of time. Our model predicts that wtIDH1 mice will survive longer if the immune cells are blocked by reducing chemotactic coefficient. For more aggressive gliomas, our model shows that there is little difference in their survivals between wtIDH1 and muIDH1 tumors, and the percentage of immune cells infiltrated into the tumor is much lower. These predictions are verified by our experimental results. In addition, wtIDH1 and muIDH1 can be quantitatively distinguished by their chemoattractant production rates, and the chemotactic coefficient determines possibilities of immune cells migration along chemoattractant gradient fields. Conclusions: The chemoattractant gradient field produced by tumor cells may facilitate immune cells migration to the tumor cite. The chemoattractant production rate may be utilized to classify wtIDH1 and muIDH1 tumors. The dynamics of immune cells infiltrating into tumors is largely determined by tumor cell chemoattractant production rate and chemotactic coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Niu
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Mexico State University, 1780 E University Ave, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States; Department of Mathematics, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai, Shandong 264209, PR China
| | - Xianyi Zeng
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Tuan Anh Phan
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Mexico State University, 1780 E University Ave, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Sarah Holte
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, United States; Solid Tumor Translational Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Jianjun Paul Tian
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Mexico State University, 1780 E University Ave, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States.
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29
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Pattwell SS, Arora S, Cimino PJ, Ozawa T, Szulzewsky F, Hoellerbauer P, Bonifert T, Hoffstrom BG, Boiani NE, Bolouri H, Correnti CE, Oldrini B, Silber JR, Squatrito M, Paddison PJ, Holland EC. A kinase-deficient NTRK2 splice variant predominates in glioma and amplifies several oncogenic signaling pathways. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2977. [PMID: 32532995 PMCID: PMC7293284 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Independent scientific achievements have led to the discovery of aberrant splicing patterns in oncogenesis, while more recent advances have uncovered novel gene fusions involving neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinases (NTRKs) in gliomas. The exploration of NTRK splice variants in normal and neoplastic brain provides an intersection of these two rapidly evolving fields. Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), encoded NTRK2, is known for critical roles in neuronal survival, differentiation, molecular properties associated with memory, and exhibits intricate splicing patterns and post-translational modifications. Here, we show a role for a truncated NTRK2 splice variant, TrkB.T1, in human glioma. TrkB.T1 enhances PDGF-driven gliomas in vivo, augments PDGF-induced Akt and STAT3 signaling in vitro, while next generation sequencing broadly implicates TrkB.T1 in the PI3K signaling cascades in a ligand-independent fashion. These TrkB.T1 findings highlight the importance of expanding upon whole gene and gene fusion analyses to include splice variants in basic and translational neuro-oncology research. Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), encoded by the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase 2 (NTRK2) gene, exhibits intricate splicing patterns and post-translational modifications. Here, the authors perform whole gene and transcript-level analyses and report the TrkB.T1 splice variant enhances PDGF-driven gliomas in vivo and augments PI3K signaling cascades in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan S Pattwell
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 325 9th Avenue, Box 359791, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Tatsuya Ozawa
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Pia Hoellerbauer
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Tobias Bonifert
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Benjamin G Hoffstrom
- Antibody Technology Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Norman E Boiani
- Antibody Technology Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Hamid Bolouri
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Colin E Correnti
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Barbara Oldrini
- Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28209, Madrid, Spain
| | - John R Silber
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Massimo Squatrito
- Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28209, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick J Paddison
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Mailstop C3-168, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA. .,Seattle Tumor Translational Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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30
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Herting CJ, Chen Z, Maximov V, Duffy A, Szulzewsky F, Shayakhmetov DM, Hambardzumyan D. Tumour-associated macrophage-derived interleukin-1 mediates glioblastoma-associated cerebral oedema. Brain 2020; 142:3834-3851. [PMID: 31665239 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and uncompromising primary brain tumour and is characterized by a dismal prognosis despite aggressive treatment regimens. At the cellular level, these tumours are composed of a mixture of neoplastic cells and non-neoplastic cells, including tumour-associated macrophages and endothelial cells. Cerebral oedema is a near-universal occurrence in patients afflicted with glioblastoma and it is almost exclusively managed with the corticosteroid dexamethasone despite significant drawbacks associated with its use. Here, we demonstrate that dexamethasone blocks interleukin-1 production in both bone marrow-derived and brain resident macrophage populations following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma. Additionally, dexamethasone is shown to inhibit downstream effectors of interleukin-1 signalling in both macrophage populations. Co-culture of bone marrow-derived macrophages with organotypic tumour slices results in an upregulation of interleukin-1 cytokines, an effect that is absent in co-cultured microglia. Genetic ablation of interleukin-1 ligands or receptor in mice bearing RCAS/tv-a-induced platelet-derived growth factor B-overexpressing glioblastoma results in reduced oedema and partial restoration of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, respectively; similar to results obtained with vascular endothelial growth factor neutralization. We establish that tumours from dexamethasone-treated mice exhibit reduced infiltration of cells of the myeloid and lymphoid compartments, an effect that should be considered during clinical trials for immunotherapy in glioblastoma patients. Additionally, we emphasize that caution should be used when immune profiling and single-cell RNA sequencing data are interpreted from fresh glioblastoma patient samples, as nearly all patients receive dexamethasone after diagnosis. Collectively, this evidence suggests that interleukin-1 signalling inhibition and dexamethasone treatment share therapeutic efficacies and establishes interleukin-1 signalling as an attractive and specific therapeutic target for the management of glioblastoma-associated cerebral oedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J Herting
- Graduate Division of Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Victor Maximov
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alyssa Duffy
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dmitry M Shayakhmetov
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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31
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Ross J, Chen Z, Herting C, Szulzewsky F, Becher O, MacDonald T, Schniederjan M, Hambardzumyan D. PDTM-11. GAINING INSIGHTS INTO THE INFLAMMATORY MICROENVIRONMENT OF PEDIATRIC HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS USING GEMMs AND PATIENT SAMPLES. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) account for the most cancer-related deaths in children, as there are no effective therapies available. It is known tumor associated macrophages (TAM) can make up 30–40% of the total tumor cell mass in adult high-grade gliomas, promoting tumor growth and immune evasion. This raises the question of whether pHGGs possess a distinct constituency of TAMs due to their unique genetic and epigenetic landscapes. To uncover the composition and behavior of TAMs in pHGG we utilize RCAS/tva, a somatic cell-type specific gene transfer system which allows us to recapitulate all major subtypes of pHGG in newborn immunocompetent mice, including histone wild-type and histone-mutant tumors. We combine RCAS-H3.3K27M, RCAS-H3.3G34R/V, or RCAS-H3.3WT along with their driver mutations such as RCAS-shp53 and RCAS-PDGFA or RCAS-PDGFB. These tumors are induced in Nestin-positive cells, each in their respective locations found in the human population. Tumors driven by PDGFB have a significantly lower median survival compared to PDGFA-driven tumors and have increased infiltration of lymphocytes and TAMs, specifically inflammatory monocytes. In vitro bone marrow derived monocyte and microglial cultures demonstrate the BMDM population is most responsible for the production of inflammatory chemokines and angiogenic factors in the tumor microenvironment. We performed histological analyses on over 40 human patient samples to determine the role of the stromal population in TAM infiltration. Matched human samples were also utilized for pan-cancer immune profiling with NanoString to further characterize the innate and adaptive immune microenvironments. These analyses indicate DIPG/K27M tumors have a higher immune cell infiltrate compared to G34R/V and histone wildtype tumors. Further, we observe higher infiltration of T-cell populations in pHGGs compared to adult HGGs, suggesting these tumors may be amenable to immunotherapy despite being considered “immune cold.” These studies provide the critical foundation needed for the development of novel therapeutics targeting these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tobey MacDonald
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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32
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Szulzewsky F, Hoellerbauer P, Wu HJ, Cimino PJ, Michor F, Paddison P, Vasioukhin V, Holland E. GENE-04. THE ONCOGENIC FUNCTIONS OF YAP1-GENE FUSIONS CAN BE INHIBITED BY DISRUPTION OF YAP1-TEAD INTERACTION. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Supratentorial ependymoma can be sub-stratified into clinically relevant subtypes characterized by distinct molecular features. The subtype defined by high YAP1 activity harbored two distinct YAP1 gene fusions, YAP1-MAMLD1 and YAP1-FAM118B. In addition, YAP1 gene fusions have been detected in several other cancer types, including Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma. YAP1 is a key transcriptional co-activator and proto-oncogene that is negatively regulated by the Hippo pathway. Here, we show that both YAP1-MAMLD1 and YAP1-FAM118B, as well as additional YAP1 fusion genes found in other cancer types, are potent oncogenic drivers that cause tumor formation in the brain and the hindlimb in mice upon overexpression by somatic cell gene transfer. Using different in vitro assays, including Luciferase, RNA-, and ChIP Seq, we show that both the N-terminal YAP1 part and the C-terminal fusion partners exert activity. We can show that the YAP1 activity still relies on the binding to TEAD transcription factors, whereas the C terminal activity does not. Furthermore, the different fusion proteins have become independent from negative Hippo pathway signaling by constitutive nuclear localization and protection from degradation. In addition, by introducing point mutations and truncations to block the YAP1 and the MAMLD1 function we can show that the activity of both halves contributes to the oncogenic function of YAP1-MAMLD1. Using in vitro and in vivo assays we can show that pharmacological and genetic ablation of YAP-TEAD interaction diminishes the oncogenic potential of the fusions, indicating that this might be a potential therapeutic approach for these tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hua-Jun Wu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P J Cimino
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eric Holland
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Human Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
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33
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Pattwell S, Arora S, Cimino PJ, Szulzewsky F, Hoellerbauer P, Hoffstrom B, Boiani N, Ozawa T, Bolouri H, Correnti C, Silber J, Paddison P, Holland E. TMOD-30. CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ALTERNATIVELY SPLICED NTRK2 VARIANT IN GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Recent work has uncovered oncogenic TRK fusions in a wide range of cancer types, including adult and pediatric gliomas. With some exceptions, many of these fusions tend to occur at very low frequencies below 1–2%, with unclear clinical significance, yet they highlight a potentially important and rapidly evolving role for NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3 in glioma biology. Basic scientific and clinical investigation surrounding TRKs’ role in cancer has often been hindered due to the nonspecific nature of antibodies and kinase inhibitors, combined with a lack of precise exon-specific expression data from patient populations. Tropomyosin receptor B (TrkB), encoded by the NTRK2 gene, is most known for its established roles in neuronal survival, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, learning, and memory. TrkB exerts diverse effects on cellular outcomes through interactions with downstream signaling cascades and has been shown to exhibit complex alternative splicing patterns. Here we show a novel role for a TrkB splice variant in human gliomas via NTRK2 transcript analyses in normal human brain and gliomas using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx). Using a novel antibody designed against this splice variant, immunostaining shows altered receptor localization within human gliomas compared to normal human brain. This NTRK2 splice variant enhances PDGF-driven gliomas in vivo in an RCAS-TVA mouse model and augments PDGF-induced signaling in vitro. Through the lens of NTRK2, these results highlight the importance of expanding upon whole gene-level and kinase-fusion analyses to explore TRK splicing in basic and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonali Arora
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - P J Cimino
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Norman Boiani
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tatsuya Ozawa
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Colin Correnti
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Silber
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Eric Holland
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Human Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
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34
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Kaffes I, Szulzewsky F, Chen Z, Herting CJ, Gabanic B, Velázquez Vega JE, Shelton J, Switchenko JM, Ross JL, McSwain LF, Huse JT, Westermark B, Nelander S, Forsberg-Nilsson K, Uhrbom L, Maturi NP, Cimino PJ, Holland EC, Kettenmann H, Brennan CW, Brat DJ, Hambardzumyan D. Human Mesenchymal glioblastomas are characterized by an increased immune cell presence compared to Proneural and Classical tumors. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1655360. [PMID: 31646100 PMCID: PMC6791439 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1655360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in adults, with a median survival of 14.6 months. Recent efforts have focused on identifying clinically relevant subgroups to improve our understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms and patient stratification. Concurrently, the role of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment has received increasing attention, especially T cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). The latter are a mixed population of activated brain-resident microglia and infiltrating monocytes/monocyte-derived macrophages, both of which express ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1). This study investigated differences in immune cell subpopulations among distinct transcriptional subtypes of GBM. Human GBM samples were molecularly characterized and assigned to Proneural, Mesenchymal or Classical subtypes as defined by NanoString nCounter Technology. Subsequently, we performed and analyzed automated immunohistochemical stainings for TAM as well as specific T cell populations. The Mesenchymal subtype of GBM showed the highest presence of TAM, CD8+, CD3+ and FOXP3+ T cells, as compared to Proneural and Classical subtypes. High expression levels of the TAM-related gene AIF1, which encodes the TAM-specific protein IBA1, correlated with a worse prognosis in Proneural GBM, but conferred a survival benefit in Mesenchymal tumors. We used our data to construct a mathematical model that could reliably identify Mesenchymal GBM with high sensitivity using a combination of the aforementioned cell-specific IHC markers. In conclusion, we demonstrated that molecularly distinct GBM subtypes are characterized by profound differences in the composition of their immune microenvironment, which could potentially help to identify tumors amenable to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kaffes
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Discovery and Developmental Therapeutics Program, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cameron J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ben Gabanic
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Shelton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Switchenko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James L Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Leon F McSwain
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason T Huse
- Departments of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bengt Westermark
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sven Nelander
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Forsberg-Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lene Uhrbom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Naga Prathyusha Maturi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cameron W Brennan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Daniel J Brat
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Discovery and Developmental Therapeutics Program, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Wirsching HG, Zhang H, Szulzewsky F, Arora S, Grandi P, Cimino PJ, Amankulor N, Campbell JS, McFerrin L, Pattwell SS, Ene C, Hicks A, Ball M, Yan J, Zhang J, Kumasaka D, Pierce RH, Weller M, Finer M, Quéva C, Glorioso JC, Houghton AM, Holland EC. Arming oHSV with ULBP3 drives abscopal immunity in lymphocyte-depleted glioblastoma. JCI Insight 2019; 4:128217. [PMID: 31292299 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.128217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses induce local tumor destruction and inflammation. Whether virotherapy can also overcome immunosuppression in noninfected tumor areas is under debate. To address this question, we have explored immunologic effects of oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSVs) in a genetically engineered mouse model of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma, the most common and most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Our model recapitulates the genomics, the diffuse infiltrative growth pattern, and the extensive macrophage-dominant immunosuppression of human glioblastoma. Infection with an oHSV that was armed with a UL16-binding protein 3 (ULBP3) expression cassette inhibited distant tumor growth in the absence of viral spreading (abscopal effect) and yielded accumulation of activated macrophages and T cells. There was also abscopal synergism of oHSVULBP3 with anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) against distant, uninfected tumor areas; albeit consistent with clinical trials in patients with glioblastoma, monotherapy with anti-PD-1 was ineffective in our model. Arming oHSV with ULBP3 led to upregulation of antigen processing and presentation gene sets in myeloid cells. The cognate ULBP3 receptor NKG2D, however, is not present on myeloid cells, suggesting a noncanonical mechanism of action of ULBP3. Overall, the myeloid-dominant, anti-PD-1-sensitive abscopal effect of oHSVULBP3 warrants further investigation in patients with IDH wild-type glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Georg Wirsching
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Neurology and Brain Tumor Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Seattle Translational Tumor Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Paola Grandi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and.,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, and
| | - Nduka Amankulor
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Lisa McFerrin
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Seattle Translational Tumor Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Siobhan S Pattwell
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Chibawanye Ene
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - James Yan
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jenny Zhang
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Debrah Kumasaka
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology and Brain Tumor Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Seattle Translational Tumor Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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36
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Ross J, Chen Z, Szulzewsky F, Monterroza L, Schniederjan M, Becher O, Hambardzumyan D. TMOD-09. TUMOR ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGE DYNAMICS IN PEDIATRIC HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz036.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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37
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Szulzewsky F, Schwendinger N, Güneykaya D, Cimino PJ, Hambardzumyan D, Synowitz M, Holland EC, Kettenmann H. Loss of host-derived osteopontin creates a glioblastoma-promoting microenvironment. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:355-366. [PMID: 29016864 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia and periphery-derived monocytes infiltrate human and mouse glioblastoma and their density is positively correlated with malignancy. Using microarray and RNA sequencing, we have previously shown that glioblastoma-associated microglia/monocytes (GAMs) express osteopontin/SPP1. Methods We used quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR, immunofluorescence stainings, western blot, and flow cytometry to identify the various sources of osteopontin (OPN) expression in human and mouse glioblastoma. We implanted wild type GL261 glioblastoma cells, which do not express significant levels of OPN, into wild type and OPN-/- mice to investigate the role of microenvironment-derived OPN on glioblastoma progression. Results Our data indicate that GAMs are the predominant source of OPN in both human and mouse glioblastoma and express only the secreted form of OPN. Loss of microenvironment-derived OPN enhanced tumor progression. Staining by Ki67 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling showed no difference in overall cell proliferation but a decreased apoptosis rate in tumors in OPN-/- mice. CD31 staining showed a significantly decreased number of microvessels in tumors in OPN-/- mice, accompanied by reduced coverage of vessels with platelet derived growth factor receptor β+ pericytes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant increase of CD11b+/CD45low microglia but not of CD11b+/CD45high macrophages/monocytes in tumors in OPN-/- mice. Sorted CD11b+ cells from wild type and OPN-/- naïve brains and tumors did not show a significant difference in the expression pattern of activation marker genes. Conclusion Our results show that in tested human and mouse glioblastoma samples, OPN is predominantly expressed and secreted by GAMs and that, in contrast to OPN expression in the tumor cells per se, loss of stroma-derived OPN creates a glioblastoma-promoting microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nina Schwendinger
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dilansu Güneykaya
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eric C Holland
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Wirsching HG, Zhang H, Grandi P, Arora S, Cimino PJ, Campbell JS, Szulzewsky F, Pattwell SS, Ene C, Kumasaka D, Pierce RH, Finer M, Queva C, Houghton AM, Holland E. TMIC-05. ABSCOPAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN GLIOBLASTOMA ELICITED BY MIR124-ATTENUATED ONCOLYTIC HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 1 ARMED WITH UL16 BINDING PROTEIN 3. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Huajia Zhang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jean S Campbell
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Siobhan S Pattwell
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chibawanye Ene
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Debrah Kumasaka
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert H Pierce
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - A McGarry Houghton
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Ross J, Chen Z, Szulzewsky F, Schniederjan M, Becher O, Hambardzumyan D. PDTM-43. THE ROLE OF TUMOR ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGES IN PEDIATRIC HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James Ross
- Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Department of Human Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew Schniederjan
- Emory University, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Oren Becher
- Northwestern University, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, IL, USA
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Szulzewsky F, Arora S, Hambardzumyan D, Holland E. TMIC-53. IDENTIFICATION OF MYELOID CELL-DERIVED TRANSCRIPTS IN GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Eric Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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41
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Ozawa T, Arora S, Szulzewsky F, Juric-Sekhar G, Miyajima Y, Bolouri H, Yasui Y, Barber J, Kupp R, Dalton J, Jones TS, Nakada M, Kumabe T, Ellison DW, Gilbertson RJ, Holland EC. A De Novo Mouse Model of C11orf95-RELA Fusion-Driven Ependymoma Identifies Driver Functions in Addition to NF-κB. Cell Rep 2018; 23:3787-3797. [PMID: 29949764 PMCID: PMC6411037 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of supratentorial ependymomas (ST-ependymomas) have few mutations but frequently display chromothripsis of chromosome 11q that generates a fusion between C11orf95 and RELA (RELAFUS). Neural stem cells transduced with RELAFUSex vivo form ependymomas when implanted in the brain. These tumors display enhanced NF-κB signaling, suggesting that this aberrant signal is the principal mechanism of oncogenesis. However, it is not known whether RELAFUS is sufficient to drive de novo ependymoma tumorigenesis in the brain and, if so, whether these tumors also arise from neural stem cells. We show that RELAFUS drives ST-ependymoma formation from periventricular neural stem cells in mice and that RELAFUS-induced tumorigenesis is likely dependent on a series of cell signaling pathways in addition to NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ozawa
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Seattle Tumor Translational Research (STTR), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Sonali Arora
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Yoshiteru Miyajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hamid Bolouri
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yoshie Yasui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Jason Barber
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Robert Kupp
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Dalton
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Terreia S Jones
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Memphis, TN 39103, USA
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kumabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | | | - Eric C Holland
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Seattle Tumor Translational Research (STTR), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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Cimino PJ, Kim Y, Wu HJ, Alexander J, Wirsching HG, Szulzewsky F, Pitter K, Ozawa T, Wang J, Vazquez J, Arora S, Rabadan R, Levine R, Michor F, Holland EC. Increased HOXA5 expression provides a selective advantage for gain of whole chromosome 7 in IDH wild-type glioblastoma. Genes Dev 2018; 32:512-523. [PMID: 29632085 PMCID: PMC5959235 DOI: 10.1101/gad.312157.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cimino et al. developed an unbiased bioinformatics approach that identified homeobox A5 (HOXA5) as a gene whose expression correlated with gain of chromosome 7 and a more aggressive phenotype of the resulting glioma. HOXA5 overexpression promoted cellular proliferation and potentiated radioresistance. Glioblastoma is the most frequently occurring and invariably fatal primary brain tumor in adults. The vast majority of glioblastomas is characterized by chromosomal copy number alterations, including gain of whole chromosome 7 and loss of whole chromosome 10. Gain of whole chromosome 7 is an early event in gliomagenesis that occurs in proneural-like precursor cells, which give rise to all isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma transcriptional subtypes. Platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGFA) is one gene on chromosome 7 known to drive gliomagenesis, but, given its location near the end of 7p, there are likely several other genes located along chromosome 7 that select for its increased whole-chromosome copy number within glioblastoma cells. To identify other potential genes that could select for gain of whole chromosome 7, we developed an unbiased bioinformatics approach that identified homeobox A5 (HOXA5) as a gene whose expression correlated with gain of chromosome 7 and a more aggressive phenotype of the resulting glioma. High expression of HOXA5 in glioblastoma was associated with a proneural gene expression pattern and decreased overall survival in both human proneural and PDGF-driven mouse glioblastoma. Furthermore, HOXA5 overexpression promoted cellular proliferation and potentiated radioresistance. We also found enrichment of HOXA5 expression in recurrent human and mouse glioblastoma at first recurrence after radiotherapy. Overall, this study implicates HOXA5 as a chromosome 7-associated gene-level locus that promotes selection for gain of whole chromosome 7 and an aggressive phenotype in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Cimino
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Hua-Jun Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jes Alexander
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Hans-Georg Wirsching
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Ken Pitter
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Tatsuya Ozawa
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Jiguang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Julio Vazquez
- Division of Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Ross Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Franziska Michor
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.,The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.,The Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,The Center for Cancer Evolution, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
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Szulzewsky F, Arora S, de Witte L, Ulas T, Markovic D, Schultze JL, Holland EC, Synowitz M, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. Human glioblastoma-associated microglia/monocytes express a distinct RNA profile compared to human control and murine samples. Glia 2018; 64:1416-36. [PMID: 27312099 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor in adults. It is strongly infiltrated by microglia and peripheral monocytes that support tumor growth. In the present study we used RNA sequencing to compare the expression profile of CD11b(+) human glioblastoma-associated microglia/monocytes (hGAMs) to CD11b(+) microglia isolated from non-tumor samples. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis showed a clear separation of the two sample groups and we identified 334 significantly regulated genes in hGAMs. In comparison to human control microglia hGAMs upregulated genes associated with mitotic cell cycle, cell migration, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix organization. We validated the expression of several genes associated with extracellular matrix organization in samples of human control microglia, hGAMs, and the hGAMs-depleted fraction via qPCR. The comparison to murine GAMs (mGAMs) showed that both cell populations share a significant fraction of upregulated transcripts compared with their respective controls. These genes were mostly related to mitotic cell cycle. However, in contrast to murine cells, human GAMs did not upregulate genes associated to immune activation. Comparison of human and murine GAMs expression data to several data sets of in vitro-activated human macrophages and murine microglia showed that, in contrast to mGAMs, hGAMs share a smaller overlap to these data sets in general and in particular to cells activated by proinflammatory stimulation with LPS + INFγ or TNFα. Our findings provide new insights into the biology of human glioblastoma-associated microglia/monocytes and give detailed information about the validity of murine experimental models. GLIA 2016 GLIA 2016;64:1416-1436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lot de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Department of Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Darko Markovic
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Clinics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Department of Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eric C Holland
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
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Szulzewsky F, Schwendinger N, Güneykaya D, Cimino P, Hambardzumyan D, Synowitz M, Holland E, Kettenmann H. TMIC-41. LOSS OF HOST-DERIVED OSTEOPONTIN CREATES A GLIOBLASTOMA-PROMOTING MICROENVIRONMENT. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox168.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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45
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Herting CJ, Chen Z, Pitter KL, Szulzewsky F, Kaffes I, Kaluzova M, Park JC, Cimino PJ, Brennan C, Wang B, Hambardzumyan D. Genetic driver mutations define the expression signature and microenvironmental composition of high-grade gliomas. Glia 2017; 65:1914-1926. [PMID: 28836293 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGG), including glioblastomas, are characterized by invasive growth, resistance to therapy, and high inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. The key histological hallmarks of glioblastoma are pseudopalisading necrosis and microvascular proliferation, which allow pathologists to distinguish glioblastoma from lower-grade gliomas. In addition to being genetically and molecularly heterogeneous, HGG are also heterogeneous with respect to the composition of their microenvironment. The question of whether this microenvironmental heterogeneity is driven by the molecular identity of the tumor remains controversial. However, this question is of utmost importance since microenvironmental, non-neoplastic cells are key components of the most radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-resistant niches of the tumor. Our work demonstrates a versatile, reliable, and reproducible adult HGG mouse model with NF1-silencing as a driver mutation. This model shows significant differences in tumor microenvironment, expression of subtype-specific markers, and response to standard therapy when compared to our established PDGFB-overexpressing HGG mouse model. PDGFB-overexpressing and NF1-silenced murine tumors closely cluster with human proneural and mesenchymal subtypes, as well as PDGFRA-amplified and NF1-deleted/mutant human tumors, respectively, at both the RNA and protein expression levels. These models can be generated in fully immunocompetent mixed or C57BL/6 genetic background mice, and therefore can easily be incorporated into preclinical studies for cancer cell-specific or immune cell-targeting drug discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Graduate Division of Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - K L Pitter
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Cancer Kettering Center, New York
| | - F Szulzewsky
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - I Kaffes
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - M Kaluzova
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - J C Park
- CSI Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - P J Cimino
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - C Brennan
- Neurosurgery Department, Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - B Wang
- Rammelkamp Center for Research, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Oncology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - D Hambardzumyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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46
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Ozawa T, Arora S, Szulzewsky F, Holland E. EPND-09. THE ONCOGENIC EFFECT OF C11ORF95-RELA FUSION MOSTLY DERIVES FROM FACTOR OTHER THAN NF-ΚB ACTIVATION IN SUPRATENTORIAL EPENDYMOMA. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox083.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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47
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Amankulor NM, Kim Y, Arora S, Kargl J, Szulzewsky F, Hanke M, Margineantu DH, Rao A, Bolouri H, Delrow J, Hockenbery D, Houghton AM, Holland EC. Mutant IDH1 regulates the tumor-associated immune system in gliomas. Genes Dev 2017; 31:774-786. [PMID: 28465358 PMCID: PMC5435890 DOI: 10.1101/gad.294991.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Amankulor et al. created a syngeneic pair mouse model for mutant IDH1 (muIDH1) and wild-type IDH1 (wtIDH1) gliomas and demonstrated that IDH1 mutations caused down-regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis, resulting in repression of the tumor-associated immune system. Gliomas harboring mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) have the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) and significantly longer patient survival time than wild-type IDH1/2 (wtIDH1/2) tumors. Although there are many factors underlying the differences in survival between these two tumor types, immune-related differences in cell content are potentially important contributors. In order to investigate the role of IDH mutations in immune response, we created a syngeneic pair mouse model for mutant IDH1 (muIDH1) and wtIDH1 gliomas and demonstrated that muIDH1 mice showed many molecular and clinical similarities to muIDH1 human gliomas, including a 100-fold higher concentration of 2-hydroxygluratate (2-HG), longer survival time, and higher CpG methylation compared with wtIDH1. Also, we showed that IDH1 mutations caused down-regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis, resulting in repression of the tumor-associated immune system. Given that significant infiltration of immune cells such as macrophages, microglia, monocytes, and neutrophils is linked to poor prognosis in many cancer types, these reduced immune infiltrates in muIDH1 glioma tumors may contribute in part to the differences in aggressiveness of the two glioma types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nduka M Amankulor
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Julia Kargl
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria 8010
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Mark Hanke
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Daciana H Margineantu
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Aparna Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Hamid Bolouri
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Solid Tumor Translational Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Jeff Delrow
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - David Hockenbery
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - A McGarry Houghton
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Solid Tumor Translational Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
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48
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Kaffes I, Szulzewsky F, Alikhanyan K, Herting C, Shelton J, Uhrbom L, Nilsson KF, Nelander S, Westermark B, Huse J, Holland E, Brat D, Hambardzumyan D. TMIC-17. SUBTYPE-SPECIFIC CELLULAR COMPOSITION OF THE GLIOBLASTOMA MICROENVIRONMENT. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now212.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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49
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Feng X, Szulzewsky F, Yerevanian A, Chen Z, Heinzmann D, Rasmussen RD, Alvarez-Garcia V, Kim Y, Wang B, Tamagno I, Zhou H, Li X, Kettenmann H, Ransohoff RM, Hambardzumyan D. Loss of CX3CR1 increases accumulation of inflammatory monocytes and promotes gliomagenesis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:15077-94. [PMID: 25987130 PMCID: PMC4558137 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The most abundant populations of non-neoplastic cells in the glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment are resident microglia, macrophages and infiltrating monocytes from the blood circulation. The mechanisms by which monocytes infiltrate into GBM, their fate following infiltration, and their role in GBM growth are not known. Here we tested the hypothesis that loss of the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 in microglia and monocytes would affect gliomagenesis. Deletion of Cx3cr1 from the microenvironment resulted in increased tumor incidence and shorter survival times in glioma-bearing mice. Loss of Cx3cr1 did not affect accumulation of microglia/macrophages in peri-tumoral areas, but instead indirectly promoted the trafficking of CD11b+CD45hiCX3CR1lowLy-6ChiLy-6G−F4/80−/low circulating inflammatory monocytes into the CNS, resulting in their increased accumulation in the perivascular area. Cx3cr1-deficient microglia/macrophages and monocytes demonstrated upregulation of IL1β expression that was inversely proportional to Cx3cr1 gene dosage. The Proneural subgroup of the TCGA GBM patient dataset with high IL1β expression showed shorter survival compared to patients with low IL1β. IL1β promoted tumor growth and increased the cancer stem cell phenotype in murine and human Proneural glioma stem cells (GSCs). IL1β activated the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1/CCL2) by tumor cells. Loss of Cx3cr1 in microglia in a monocyte-free environment had no impact on tumor growth and did not alter microglial migration. These data suggest that enhancing signaling to CX3CR1 or inhibiting IL1β signaling in intra-tumoral macrophages can be considered as potential strategies to decrease the tumor-promoting effects of monocytes in Proneural GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Feng
- Department of Neurosciences at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexan Yerevanian
- Department of Neurosciences at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Neurosciences at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - David Heinzmann
- Department of Neurosciences at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiology at Tübingen University School of Medicine, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Yeonghwan Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bingcheng Wang
- Rammelkamp Center for Research, MetroHealth Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ilaria Tamagno
- Department of Neurosciences at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Immunology at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Immunology at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard M Ransohoff
- Department of Neurosciences at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Neuroinflammation Research Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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50
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Hoffmann CJ, Harms U, Rex A, Szulzewsky F, Wolf SA, Grittner U, Lättig-Tünnemann G, Sendtner M, Kettenmann H, Dirnagl U, Endres M, Harms C. Vascular Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 Promotes Angiogenesis and Neuroplasticity Long-Term After Stroke. Circulation 2015; 131:1772-82. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.013003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Poststroke angiogenesis contributes to long-term recovery after stroke. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (Stat3) is a key regulator for various inflammatory signals and angiogenesis. It was the aim of this study to determine its function in poststroke outcome.
Methods and Results—
We generated a tamoxifen-inducible and endothelial-specific Stat3 knockout mouse model by crossbreeding Stat3
floxed/KO
and Tie2-Cre
ERT2
mice. Cerebral ischemia was induced by 30 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion. We demonstrated that endothelial Stat3 ablation did not alter lesion size 2 days after ischemia but did worsen functional outcome at 14 days and increase lesion size at 28 days. At this late time point vascular Stat3 expression and phosphorylation were still increased in wild-type mice. Gene array analysis of a CD31-enriched cell population of the neurovascular niche showed that endothelial Stat3 ablation led to a shift toward an antiangiogenic and axon growth-inhibiting micromilieu after stroke, with an increased expression of Adamts9. Remodeling and glycosylation of the extracellular matrix and microglia proliferation were increased, whereas angiogenesis was reduced.
Conclusions—
Endothelial Stat3 regulates angiogenesis, axon growth, and extracellular matrix remodeling and is essential for long-term recovery after stroke. It might serve as a potent target for stroke treatment after the acute phase by fostering angiogenesis and neuroregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J. Hoffmann
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Ulrike Harms
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Andre Rex
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Susanne A. Wolf
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Gisela Lättig-Tünnemann
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Michael Sendtner
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Ulrich Dirnagl
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Matthias Endres
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Christoph Harms
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
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