1
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Liu S, Patel KS, Peeters S, Lin J, DiRisio AC, Vinters HV, Candler RN, Sung K, Bergsneider M. Flexible in-cavity MRI receiving coil for ultra-high-resolution imaging of the pituitary gland. J Neurosurg 2024; 140:1262-1269. [PMID: 37922548 DOI: 10.3171/2023.7.jns231096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was the preclinical design and construction of a flexible intrasphenoid coil aiming for submillimeter resolution of the human pituitary gland. METHODS Sphenoid sinus measurements determined coil design constraints for use in > 95% of adult patients. Temperature safety parameters were tested. The 2-cm-diameter coil prototype was positioned in the sphenoid sinus of cadaveric human heads utilizing the transnasal endoscopic approach that is used clinically. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was estimated for the transnasal coil prototype compared with a standard clinical head coil. One cadaveric pituitary gland was explanted and histologically examined for correlation to the imaging findings. RESULTS With the coil positioned directly atop the sella turcica at a 0° angle of the B0 static field, the craniocaudal distance (21.2 ± 0.8 mm) was the limiting constraint. Phantom experiments showed no detectable change in temperature at two sites over 15 minutes. The flexible coil was placed transnasally in cadaveric specimens using an endoscopic approach. The image quality was subjectively superior at higher spatial resolutions relative to that with the commercial 20-channel head coil. An average 17-fold increase in the SNR was achieved within the pituitary gland. Subtle findings visualized only with the transnasal coil had potential pathological correlation with immunohistochemical findings. CONCLUSIONS A transnasal radiofrequency coil feasibly provides a 17-fold boost in the SNR at 3 T. The ability to safely improve the quality of pituitary imaging may be helpful in the identification and subsequent resection of small functional pituitary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Liu
- 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Samueli School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Kunal S Patel
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
- 3Department of Radiological Sciences, Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Sophie Peeters
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Jiahao Lin
- 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Samueli School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
- Departments of4Radiological Sciences and
| | - Aislyn C DiRisio
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Rob N Candler
- 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Samueli School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles
- 6California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Marvin Bergsneider
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
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2
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Tian M, Kawaguchi R, Shen Y, Machnicki M, Villegas NG, Cooper DR, Montgomery N, Haring J, Lan R, Yuan AH, Williams CK, Magaki S, Vinters HV, Zhang Y, De Biase LM, Silva AJ, Carmichael ST. Intercellular Signaling Pathways as Therapeutic Targets for Vascular Dementia Repair. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.24.585301. [PMID: 38585718 PMCID: PMC10996514 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.24.585301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is a white matter ischemic disease and the second-leading cause of dementia, with no direct therapy. Within the lesion site, cell-cell interactions dictate the trajectory towards disease progression or repair. To elucidate the underlying intercellular signaling pathways, a VaD mouse model was developed for transcriptomic and functional studies. The mouse VaD transcriptome was integrated with a human VaD snRNA-Seq dataset. A custom-made database encompassing 4053 human and 2032 mouse ligand-receptor (L-R) interactions identified significantly altered pathways shared between human and mouse VaD. Two intercellular L-R systems, Serpine2-Lrp1 and CD39-A3AR, were selected for mechanistic study as both the ligand and receptor were dysregulated in VaD. Decreased Seprine2 expression enhances OPC differentiation in VaD repair. A clinically relevant drug that reverses the loss of CD39-A3AR function promotes tissue and behavioral recovery in the VaD model. This study presents novel intercellular signaling targets and may open new avenues for VaD therapies.
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3
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Pierce J, Han K, Vinters HV, Zuckerman JE, Halabi A. Severe Polyneuropathy in Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis Caused by H90D Variant. Can J Neurol Sci 2024; 51:336-338. [PMID: 36624082 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2023.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Pierce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karam Han
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan E Zuckerman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anasheh Halabi
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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4
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Lopez G, Magaki SD, Williams CK, Paganini-Hill A, Vinters HV. Characterization of cerebellar amyloid-β deposits in Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:72-78. [PMID: 38114098 PMCID: PMC10799296 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques are a component of the diagnostic criteria used in Thal staging and ABC scoring for Alzheimer disease (AD) neuropathologic change. However, Aβ deposits in this anatomic compartment are unique and under-characterized; and their relationship with other pathological findings are largely undefined. In 73 cases of pure or mixed AD with an A3 score in the ABC criteria, parenchymal (plaques) and vascular (cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA]) cerebellar Aβ-42 deposits were characterized with respect to localization, morphology, density, and intensity. Over 85% of cases demonstrated cerebellar Aβ-42 parenchymal staining that correlated with a Braak stage V-VI/B3 score (p < 0.01). Among the 63 with cerebellar Aβ-42 deposits, a diffuse morphology was observed in 75% of cases, compact without a central dense core in 32%, and compact with a central dense core in 16% (all corresponding to plaques evident on hematoxylin and eosin staining). Cases with Purkinje cell (PC) loss showed higher proportions of PC layer Aβ-42 staining than cases without PC loss (88% vs 44%, p = 0.02), suggesting a link between Aβ-42 deposition and PC damage. Among all 73 cases, CAA was observed in the parenchymal vessels of 19% of cases and in leptomeningeal vessels in 44% of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Lopez
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Shino D Magaki
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christopher Kazu Williams
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Annlia Paganini-Hill
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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5
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Gu H, Yang C, Al-Kharouf I, Magaki S, Lakis N, Williams CK, Alrosan SM, Onstott EK, Yan W, Khanlou N, Cobos I, Zhang XR, Zarrin-Khameh N, Vinters HV, Chen XA, Haeri M. Enhancing mitosis quantification and detection in meningiomas with computational digital pathology. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:7. [PMID: 38212848 PMCID: PMC10782692 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitosis is a critical criterion for meningioma grading. However, pathologists' assessment of mitoses is subject to significant inter-observer variation due to challenges in locating mitosis hotspots and accurately detecting mitotic figures. To address this issue, we leverage digital pathology and propose a computational strategy to enhance pathologists' mitosis assessment. The strategy has two components: (1) A depth-first search algorithm that quantifies the mathematically maximum mitotic count in 10 consecutive high-power fields, which can enhance the preciseness, especially in cases with borderline mitotic count. (2) Implementing a collaborative sphere to group a set of pathologists to detect mitoses under each high-power field, which can mitigate subjective random errors in mitosis detection originating from individual detection errors. By depth-first search algorithm (1) , we analyzed 19 meningioma slides and discovered that the proposed algorithm upgraded two borderline cases verified at consensus conferences. This improvement is attributed to the algorithm's ability to quantify the mitotic count more comprehensively compared to other conventional methods of counting mitoses. In implementing a collaborative sphere (2) , we evaluated the correctness of mitosis detection from grouped pathologists and/or pathology residents, where each member of the group annotated a set of 48 high-power field images for mitotic figures independently. We report that groups with sizes of three can achieve an average precision of 0.897 and sensitivity of 0.699 in mitosis detection, which is higher than an average pathologist in this study (precision: 0.750, sensitivity: 0.667). The proposed computational strategy can be integrated with artificial intelligence workflow, which envisions the future of achieving a rapid and robust mitosis assessment by interactive assisting algorithms that can ultimately benefit patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Gu
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chunxu Yang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Issa Al-Kharouf
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Shino Magaki
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nelli Lakis
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Christopher Kazu Williams
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sallam Mohammad Alrosan
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Ellie Kate Onstott
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Wenzhong Yan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Negar Khanlou
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Inma Cobos
- Department of Pathology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | | | - Harry V Vinters
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xiang Anthony Chen
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Mohammad Haeri
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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6
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Magaki S, Zhang T, Han K, Hilda M, Yong WH, Achim C, Fishbein G, Fishbein MC, Garner O, Salamon N, Williams CK, Valdes-Sueiras MA, Hsu JJ, Kelesidis T, Mathisen GE, Lavretsky H, Singer EJ, Vinters HV. HIV and COVID-19: two pandemics with significant (but different) central nervous system complications. Free Neuropathol 2024; 5:5-5. [PMID: 38469363 PMCID: PMC10925920 DOI: 10.17879/freeneuropathology-2024-5343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cause significant neurologic disease. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement of HIV has been extensively studied, with well-documented invasion of HIV into the brain in the initial stage of infection, while the acute effects of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain are unclear. Neuropathologic features of active HIV infection in the brain are well characterized whereas neuropathologic findings in acute COVID-19 are largely non-specific. On the other hand, neuropathologic substrates of chronic dysfunction in both infections, as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and post-COVID conditions (PCC)/long COVID are unknown. Thus far, neuropathologic studies on patients with HAND in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy have been inconclusive, and autopsy studies on patients diagnosed with PCC have yet to be published. Further longitudinal, multidisciplinary studies on patients with HAND and PCC and neuropathologic studies in comparison to controls are warranted to help elucidate the mechanisms of CNS dysfunction in both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Magaki
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Karam Han
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Mirbaha Hilda
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - William H. Yong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Cristian Achim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Fishbein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael C. Fishbein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Omai Garner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher K. Williams
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Miguel A. Valdes-Sueiras
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Hsu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Glenn E. Mathisen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Olive View-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Sylmar, CA, USA
| | - Helen Lavretsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elyse J. Singer
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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7
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Magaki S, Haeri M, Szymanski LJ, Chen Z, Diaz R, Williams CK, Chang JW, Ao Y, Newell KL, Khanlou N, Yong WH, Fallah A, Salamon N, Daniel T, Cotter J, Hawes D, Sofroniew M, Vinters HV. Hyaline protoplasmic astrocytopathy in epilepsy. Neuropathology 2023; 43:441-456. [PMID: 37198977 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Hyaline protoplasmic astrocytopathy (HPA) describes a rare histologic finding of eosinophilic, hyaline cytoplasmic inclusions in astrocytes, predominantly in the cerebral cortex. It has mainly been observed in children and adults with a history of developmental delay and epilepsy, frequently with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), but the nature and significance of these inclusions are unclear. In this study, we review the clinical and pathologic features of HPA and characterize the inclusions and brain tissue in which they are seen in surgical resection specimens from five patients with intractable epilepsy and HPA compared to five patients with intractable epilepsy without HPA using immunohistochemistry for filamin A, previously shown to label these inclusions, and a variety of astrocytic markers including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1), SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9 (SOX9), and glutamate transporter 1/excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (GLT-1/EAAT2) proteins. The inclusions were positive for ALDH1L1 with increased ALDH1L1 expression in areas of gliosis. SOX9 was also positive in the inclusions, although to a lesser intensity than the astrocyte nuclei. Filamin A labeled the inclusions but also labeled reactive astrocytes in a subset of patients. The immunoreactivity of the inclusions for various astrocytic markers and filamin A as well as the positivity of filamin A in reactive astrocytes raise the possibility that these astrocytic inclusions may be the result of an uncommon reactive or degenerative phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Magaki
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mohammad Haeri
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Alzheimer Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Linda J Szymanski
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zesheng Chen
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ramiro Diaz
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Julia W Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yan Ao
- Department of Neurobiology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathy L Newell
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Negar Khanlou
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, UCI School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Aria Fallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tarek Daniel
- Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Cotter
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Debra Hawes
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael Sofroniew
- Department of Neurobiology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain Research Institute, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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8
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Zhang S, Zhu R, Pan B, Xu H, Olufemi MF, Gathagan RJ, Li Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Xiang W, Kagan EM, Cao X, Yuan C, Kim SJ, Williams CK, Magaki S, Vinters HV, Lashuel HA, Garcia BA, James Petersson E, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Peng C. Author Correction: Post-translational modifications of soluble α-synuclein regulate the amplification of pathological α-synuclein. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:2250. [PMID: 37814027 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruowei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Buyan Pan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hong Xu
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Modupe F Olufemi
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ronald J Gathagan
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuanxi Li
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Cognitive Neurodynamics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- School of Mathematics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jasmine Zhang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wenxuan Xiang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eliot Masahiro Kagan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Soo-Jung Kim
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shino Magaki
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Neurology, and Brain Research Institute, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hilal A Lashuel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - E James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia M-Y Lee
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Lu AT, Fei Z, Haghani A, Robeck TR, Zoller JA, Li CZ, Lowe R, Yan Q, Zhang J, Vu H, Ablaeva J, Acosta-Rodriguez VA, Adams DM, Almunia J, Aloysius A, Ardehali R, Arneson A, Baker CS, Banks G, Belov K, Bennett NC, Black P, Blumstein DT, Bors EK, Breeze CE, Brooke RT, Brown JL, Carter GG, Caulton A, Cavin JM, Chakrabarti L, Chatzistamou I, Chen H, Cheng K, Chiavellini P, Choi OW, Clarke SM, Cooper LN, Cossette ML, Day J, DeYoung J, DiRocco S, Dold C, Ehmke EE, Emmons CK, Emmrich S, Erbay E, Erlacher-Reid C, Faulkes CG, Ferguson SH, Finno CJ, Flower JE, Gaillard JM, Garde E, Gerber L, Gladyshev VN, Gorbunova V, Goya RG, Grant MJ, Green CB, Hales EN, Hanson MB, Hart DW, Haulena M, Herrick K, Hogan AN, Hogg CJ, Hore TA, Huang T, Izpisua Belmonte JC, Jasinska AJ, Jones G, Jourdain E, Kashpur O, Katcher H, Katsumata E, Kaza V, Kiaris H, Kobor MS, Kordowitzki P, Koski WR, Krützen M, Kwon SB, Larison B, Lee SG, Lehmann M, Lemaitre JF, Levine AJ, Li C, Li X, Lim AR, Lin DTS, Lindemann DM, Little TJ, Macoretta N, Maddox D, Matkin CO, Mattison JA, McClure M, Mergl J, Meudt JJ, Montano GA, Mozhui K, Munshi-South J, Naderi A, Nagy M, Narayan P, Nathanielsz PW, Nguyen NB, Niehrs C, O'Brien JK, O'Tierney Ginn P, Odom DT, Ophir AG, Osborn S, Ostrander EA, Parsons KM, Paul KC, Pellegrini M, Peters KJ, Pedersen AB, Petersen JL, Pietersen DW, Pinho GM, Plassais J, Poganik JR, Prado NA, Reddy P, Rey B, Ritz BR, Robbins J, Rodriguez M, Russell J, Rydkina E, Sailer LL, Salmon AB, Sanghavi A, Schachtschneider KM, Schmitt D, Schmitt T, Schomacher L, Schook LB, Sears KE, Seifert AW, Seluanov A, Shafer ABA, Shanmuganayagam D, Shindyapina AV, Simmons M, Singh K, Sinha I, Slone J, Snell RG, Soltanmaohammadi E, Spangler ML, Spriggs MC, Staggs L, Stedman N, Steinman KJ, Stewart DT, Sugrue VJ, Szladovits B, Takahashi JS, Takasugi M, Teeling EC, Thompson MJ, Van Bonn B, Vernes SC, Villar D, Vinters HV, Wallingford MC, Wang N, Wayne RK, Wilkinson GS, Williams CK, Williams RW, Yang XW, Yao M, Young BG, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Zhao P, Zhao Y, Zhou W, Zimmermann J, Ernst J, Raj K, Horvath S. Author Correction: Universal DNA methylation age across mammalian tissues. Nat Aging 2023; 3:1462. [PMID: 37674040 PMCID: PMC10645586 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A T Lu
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Z Fei
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - A Haghani
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - T R Robeck
- Zoological SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - J A Zoller
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Z Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Lowe
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Q Yan
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - H Vu
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Ablaeva
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - V A Acosta-Rodriguez
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - D M Adams
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - J Almunia
- Loro Parque Fundacion, Puerto de la Cruz, Spain
| | - A Aloysius
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - R Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Arneson
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C S Baker
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - G Banks
- School of Science and Technology, Clifton Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - K Belov
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - P Black
- Busch Gardens Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - D T Blumstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, CO, USA
| | - E K Bors
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - C E Breeze
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R T Brooke
- Epigenetic Clock Development Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J L Brown
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - G G Carter
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A Caulton
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - J M Cavin
- Gulf World, Dolphin Company, Panama City Beach, FL, USA
| | - L Chakrabarti
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - I Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - H Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - K Cheng
- Medical Informatics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P Chiavellini
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - O W Choi
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S M Clarke
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand
| | - L N Cooper
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - M L Cossette
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Day
- Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J DeYoung
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S DiRocco
- SeaWorld of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - C Dold
- Zoological Operations, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - C K Emmons
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S Emmrich
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - E Erbay
- Altos Labs, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Erlacher-Reid
- SeaWorld of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- SeaWorld Orlando, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - C G Faulkes
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - S H Ferguson
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Freshwater Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - C J Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - J M Gaillard
- Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - E Garde
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - L Gerber
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V Gorbunova
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R G Goya
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M J Grant
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C B Green
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - E N Hales
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - M B Hanson
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D W Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - M Haulena
- Vancouver Aquarium, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K Herrick
- SeaWorld of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - A N Hogan
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C J Hogg
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T A Hore
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - T Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - A J Jasinska
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - O Kashpur
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Katcher
- Yuvan Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - V Kaza
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - H Kiaris
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M S Kobor
- Edwin S.H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - P Kordowitzki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- Institute for Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - W R Koski
- LGL Limited, King City, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Krützen
- Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S B Kwon
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B Larison
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S G Lee
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Lehmann
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - J F Lemaitre
- Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - A J Levine
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Li
- Texas Pregnancy and Life-course Health Center, Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - X Li
- Technology Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A R Lim
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D T S Lin
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - T J Little
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N Macoretta
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D Maddox
- White Oak Conservation, Yulee, FL, USA
| | - C O Matkin
- North Gulf Oceanic Society, Homer, AK, USA
| | - J A Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - J Mergl
- Marineland of Canada, Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada
| | - J J Meudt
- Biomedical and Genomic Research Group, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - G A Montano
- Zoological Operations, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - K Mozhui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - J Munshi-South
- Louis Calder Center-Biological Field Station, Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Armonk, NY, USA
| | - A Naderi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M Nagy
- Museum fur Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Narayan
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P W Nathanielsz
- Texas Pregnancy and Life-course Health Center, Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - N B Nguyen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Niehrs
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J K O'Brien
- Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P O'Tierney Ginn
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D T Odom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Regulatory Genomics and Cancer Evolution, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A G Ophir
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - S Osborn
- SeaWorld of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - E A Ostrander
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K M Parsons
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - K C Paul
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K J Peters
- Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - A B Pedersen
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J L Petersen
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - D W Pietersen
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - G M Pinho
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Plassais
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J R Poganik
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N A Prado
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Science, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA
| | - P Reddy
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - B Rey
- Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - B R Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Robbins
- Center for Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA, USA
| | | | - J Russell
- SeaWorld of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - E Rydkina
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - L L Sailer
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - A B Salmon
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio and the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - K M Schachtschneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - D Schmitt
- College of Agriculture, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, USA
| | - T Schmitt
- SeaWorld of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - L B Schook
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - K E Sears
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A W Seifert
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - A Seluanov
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A B A Shafer
- Department of Forensic Science, Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Shanmuganayagam
- Biomedical and Genomic Research Group, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A V Shindyapina
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - K Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS University, Mumbai, India
| | - I Sinha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Slone
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - R G Snell
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - E Soltanmaohammadi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M L Spangler
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - L Staggs
- SeaWorld of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - K J Steinman
- Species Preservation Laboratory, SeaWorld San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - D T Stewart
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - V J Sugrue
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - B Szladovits
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - J S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M Takasugi
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - E C Teeling
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M J Thompson
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B Van Bonn
- John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S C Vernes
- School of Biology, the University of St Andrews, Fife, UK
- Neurogenetics of Vocal Communication Group, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - D Villar
- Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - H V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M C Wallingford
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Wang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R K Wayne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G S Wilkinson
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - C K Williams
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - X W Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Yao
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B G Young
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - B Zhang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Z Zhang
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - P Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - W Zhou
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Zimmermann
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - J Ernst
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K Raj
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Abskharon R, Pan H, Sawaya MR, Seidler PM, Olivares EJ, Chen Y, Murray KA, Zhang J, Lantz C, Bentzel M, Boyer DR, Cascio D, Nguyen BA, Hou K, Cheng X, Pardon E, Williams CK, Nana AL, Vinters HV, Spina S, Grinberg LT, Seeley WW, Steyaert J, Glabe CG, Ogorzalek Loo RR, Loo JA, Eisenberg DS. Structure-based design of nanobodies that inhibit seeding of Alzheimer's patient-extracted tau fibrils. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300258120. [PMID: 37801475 PMCID: PMC10576031 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300258120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite much effort, antibody therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have shown limited efficacy. Challenges to the rational design of effective antibodies include the difficulty of achieving specific affinity to critical targets, poor expression, and antibody aggregation caused by buried charges and unstructured loops. To overcome these challenges, we grafted previously determined sequences of fibril-capping amyloid inhibitors onto a camel heavy chain antibody scaffold. These sequences were designed to cap fibrils of tau, known to form the neurofibrillary tangles of AD, thereby preventing fibril elongation. The nanobodies grafted with capping inhibitors blocked tau aggregation in biosensor cells seeded with postmortem brain extracts from AD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients. The tau capping nanobody inhibitors also blocked seeding by recombinant tau oligomers. Another challenge to the design of effective antibodies is their poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. In this study, we also designed a bispecific nanobody composed of a nanobody that targets a receptor on the BBB and a tau capping nanobody inhibitor, conjoined by a flexible linker. We provide evidence that the bispecific nanobody improved BBB penetration over the tau capping inhibitor alone after intravenous administration in mice. Our results suggest that the design of synthetic antibodies that target sequences that drive protein aggregation may be a promising approach to inhibit the prion-like seeding of tau and other proteins involved in AD and related proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romany Abskharon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Hope Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Michael R. Sawaya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Paul M. Seidler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | | | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Molecular Instrumentation Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Kevin A. Murray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Jeffrey Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Carter Lantz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Megan Bentzel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - David R. Boyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Duilio Cascio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Binh A. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Ke Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Xinyi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Els Pardon
- VIB-Vrije Universiteit Brussel Center for Structural Biology, VIB and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BrusselsB-1050, Belgium
| | - Christopher K. Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Alissa L. Nana
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - Lea T. Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - William W. Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
| | - Jan Steyaert
- VIB-Vrije Universiteit Brussel Center for Structural Biology, VIB and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BrusselsB-1050, Belgium
| | - Charles G. Glabe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Rachel R. Ogorzalek Loo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Joseph A. Loo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - David S. Eisenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA,Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- UCLA-Department of Energy Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
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11
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Lu AT, Fei Z, Haghani A, Robeck TR, Zoller JA, Li CZ, Lowe R, Yan Q, Zhang J, Vu H, Ablaeva J, Acosta-Rodriguez VA, Adams DM, Almunia J, Aloysius A, Ardehali R, Arneson A, Baker CS, Banks G, Belov K, Bennett NC, Black P, Blumstein DT, Bors EK, Breeze CE, Brooke RT, Brown JL, Carter GG, Caulton A, Cavin JM, Chakrabarti L, Chatzistamou I, Chen H, Cheng K, Chiavellini P, Choi OW, Clarke SM, Cooper LN, Cossette ML, Day J, DeYoung J, DiRocco S, Dold C, Ehmke EE, Emmons CK, Emmrich S, Erbay E, Erlacher-Reid C, Faulkes CG, Ferguson SH, Finno CJ, Flower JE, Gaillard JM, Garde E, Gerber L, Gladyshev VN, Gorbunova V, Goya RG, Grant MJ, Green CB, Hales EN, Hanson MB, Hart DW, Haulena M, Herrick K, Hogan AN, Hogg CJ, Hore TA, Huang T, Izpisua Belmonte JC, Jasinska AJ, Jones G, Jourdain E, Kashpur O, Katcher H, Katsumata E, Kaza V, Kiaris H, Kobor MS, Kordowitzki P, Koski WR, Krützen M, Kwon SB, Larison B, Lee SG, Lehmann M, Lemaitre JF, Levine AJ, Li C, Li X, Lim AR, Lin DTS, Lindemann DM, Little TJ, Macoretta N, Maddox D, Matkin CO, Mattison JA, McClure M, Mergl J, Meudt JJ, Montano GA, Mozhui K, Munshi-South J, Naderi A, Nagy M, Narayan P, Nathanielsz PW, Nguyen NB, Niehrs C, O'Brien JK, O'Tierney Ginn P, Odom DT, Ophir AG, Osborn S, Ostrander EA, Parsons KM, Paul KC, Pellegrini M, Peters KJ, Pedersen AB, Petersen JL, Pietersen DW, Pinho GM, Plassais J, Poganik JR, Prado NA, Reddy P, Rey B, Ritz BR, Robbins J, Rodriguez M, Russell J, Rydkina E, Sailer LL, Salmon AB, Sanghavi A, Schachtschneider KM, Schmitt D, Schmitt T, Schomacher L, Schook LB, Sears KE, Seifert AW, Seluanov A, Shafer ABA, Shanmuganayagam D, Shindyapina AV, Simmons M, Singh K, Sinha I, Slone J, Snell RG, Soltanmaohammadi E, Spangler ML, Spriggs MC, Staggs L, Stedman N, Steinman KJ, Stewart DT, Sugrue VJ, Szladovits B, Takahashi JS, Takasugi M, Teeling EC, Thompson MJ, Van Bonn B, Vernes SC, Villar D, Vinters HV, Wallingford MC, Wang N, Wayne RK, Wilkinson GS, Williams CK, Williams RW, Yang XW, Yao M, Young BG, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Zhao P, Zhao Y, Zhou W, Zimmermann J, Ernst J, Raj K, Horvath S. Universal DNA methylation age across mammalian tissues. Nat Aging 2023; 3:1144-1166. [PMID: 37563227 PMCID: PMC10501909 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00462-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Aging, often considered a result of random cellular damage, can be accurately estimated using DNA methylation profiles, the foundation of pan-tissue epigenetic clocks. Here, we demonstrate the development of universal pan-mammalian clocks, using 11,754 methylation arrays from our Mammalian Methylation Consortium, which encompass 59 tissue types across 185 mammalian species. These predictive models estimate mammalian tissue age with high accuracy (r > 0.96). Age deviations correlate with human mortality risk, mouse somatotropic axis mutations and caloric restriction. We identified specific cytosines with methylation levels that change with age across numerous species. These sites, highly enriched in polycomb repressive complex 2-binding locations, are near genes implicated in mammalian development, cancer, obesity and longevity. Our findings offer new evidence suggesting that aging is evolutionarily conserved and intertwined with developmental processes across all mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Lu
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Z Fei
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - A Haghani
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - T R Robeck
- Zoological SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - J A Zoller
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Z Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Lowe
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Q Yan
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - H Vu
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Ablaeva
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - V A Acosta-Rodriguez
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - D M Adams
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - J Almunia
- Loro Parque Fundacion, Puerto de la Cruz, Spain
| | - A Aloysius
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - R Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Arneson
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C S Baker
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - G Banks
- School of Science and Technology, Clifton Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - K Belov
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - P Black
- Busch Gardens Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - D T Blumstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, CO, USA
| | - E K Bors
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - C E Breeze
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R T Brooke
- Epigenetic Clock Development Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J L Brown
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - G G Carter
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A Caulton
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - J M Cavin
- Gulf World, Dolphin Company, Panama City Beach, FL, USA
| | - L Chakrabarti
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - I Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - H Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - K Cheng
- Medical Informatics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P Chiavellini
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - O W Choi
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S M Clarke
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand
| | - L N Cooper
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - M L Cossette
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Day
- Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J DeYoung
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S DiRocco
- SeaWorld of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - C Dold
- Zoological Operations, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - C K Emmons
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S Emmrich
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - E Erbay
- Altos Labs, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Erlacher-Reid
- SeaWorld of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- SeaWorld Orlando, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - C G Faulkes
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - S H Ferguson
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Freshwater Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - C J Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - J M Gaillard
- Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - E Garde
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - L Gerber
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V Gorbunova
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R G Goya
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M J Grant
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C B Green
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - E N Hales
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - M B Hanson
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D W Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - M Haulena
- Vancouver Aquarium, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K Herrick
- SeaWorld of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - A N Hogan
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C J Hogg
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T A Hore
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - T Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - A J Jasinska
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - O Kashpur
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Katcher
- Yuvan Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - V Kaza
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - H Kiaris
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M S Kobor
- Edwin S.H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - P Kordowitzki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- Institute for Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - W R Koski
- LGL Limited, King City, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Krützen
- Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S B Kwon
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B Larison
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S G Lee
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Lehmann
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - J F Lemaitre
- Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - A J Levine
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Li
- Texas Pregnancy and Life-course Health Center, Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - X Li
- Technology Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A R Lim
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D T S Lin
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - T J Little
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N Macoretta
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D Maddox
- White Oak Conservation, Yulee, FL, USA
| | - C O Matkin
- North Gulf Oceanic Society, Homer, AK, USA
| | - J A Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - J Mergl
- Marineland of Canada, Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada
| | - J J Meudt
- Biomedical and Genomic Research Group, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - G A Montano
- Zoological Operations, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - K Mozhui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - J Munshi-South
- Louis Calder Center-Biological Field Station, Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Armonk, NY, USA
| | - A Naderi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M Nagy
- Museum fur Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Narayan
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P W Nathanielsz
- Texas Pregnancy and Life-course Health Center, Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - N B Nguyen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Niehrs
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J K O'Brien
- Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P O'Tierney Ginn
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D T Odom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Regulatory Genomics and Cancer Evolution, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A G Ophir
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - S Osborn
- SeaWorld of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - E A Ostrander
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K M Parsons
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - K C Paul
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K J Peters
- Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - A B Pedersen
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J L Petersen
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - D W Pietersen
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - G M Pinho
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Plassais
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J R Poganik
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N A Prado
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Science, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA
| | - P Reddy
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - B Rey
- Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - B R Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Robbins
- Center for Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA, USA
| | | | - J Russell
- SeaWorld of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - E Rydkina
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - L L Sailer
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - A B Salmon
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio and the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - K M Schachtschneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - D Schmitt
- College of Agriculture, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, USA
| | - T Schmitt
- SeaWorld of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - L B Schook
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - K E Sears
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A W Seifert
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - A Seluanov
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A B A Shafer
- Department of Forensic Science, Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Shanmuganayagam
- Biomedical and Genomic Research Group, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A V Shindyapina
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - K Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS University, Mumbai, India
| | - I Sinha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Slone
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - R G Snell
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - E Soltanmaohammadi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M L Spangler
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - L Staggs
- SeaWorld of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - K J Steinman
- Species Preservation Laboratory, SeaWorld San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - D T Stewart
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - V J Sugrue
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - B Szladovits
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - J S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M Takasugi
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - E C Teeling
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M J Thompson
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B Van Bonn
- John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S C Vernes
- School of Biology, the University of St Andrews, Fife, UK
- Neurogenetics of Vocal Communication Group, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - D Villar
- Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - H V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M C Wallingford
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Wang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R K Wayne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G S Wilkinson
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - C K Williams
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - X W Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Yao
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B G Young
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - B Zhang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Z Zhang
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - P Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - W Zhou
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Zimmermann
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - J Ernst
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K Raj
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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12
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Haghani A, Li CZ, Robeck TR, Zhang J, Lu AT, Ablaeva J, Acosta-Rodríguez VA, Adams DM, Alagaili AN, Almunia J, Aloysius A, Amor NMS, Ardehali R, Arneson A, Baker CS, Banks G, Belov K, Bennett NC, Black P, Blumstein DT, Bors EK, Breeze CE, Brooke RT, Brown JL, Carter G, Caulton A, Cavin JM, Chakrabarti L, Chatzistamou I, Chavez AS, Chen H, Cheng K, Chiavellini P, Choi OW, Clarke S, Cook JA, Cooper LN, Cossette ML, Day J, DeYoung J, Dirocco S, Dold C, Dunnum JL, Ehmke EE, Emmons CK, Emmrich S, Erbay E, Erlacher-Reid C, Faulkes CG, Fei Z, Ferguson SH, Finno CJ, Flower JE, Gaillard JM, Garde E, Gerber L, Gladyshev VN, Goya RG, Grant MJ, Green CB, Hanson MB, Hart DW, Haulena M, Herrick K, Hogan AN, Hogg CJ, Hore TA, Huang T, Izpisua Belmonte JC, Jasinska AJ, Jones G, Jourdain E, Kashpur O, Katcher H, Katsumata E, Kaza V, Kiaris H, Kobor MS, Kordowitzki P, Koski WR, Krützen M, Kwon SB, Larison B, Lee SG, Lehmann M, Lemaître JF, Levine AJ, Li X, Li C, Lim AR, Lin DTS, Lindemann DM, Liphardt SW, Little TJ, Macoretta N, Maddox D, Matkin CO, Mattison JA, McClure M, Mergl J, Meudt JJ, Montano GA, Mozhui K, Munshi-South J, Murphy WJ, Naderi A, Nagy M, Narayan P, Nathanielsz PW, Nguyen NB, Niehrs C, Nyamsuren B, O'Brien JK, Ginn PO, Odom DT, Ophir AG, Osborn S, Ostrander EA, Parsons KM, Paul KC, Pedersen AB, Pellegrini M, Peters KJ, Petersen JL, Pietersen DW, Pinho GM, Plassais J, Poganik JR, Prado NA, Reddy P, Rey B, Ritz BR, Robbins J, Rodriguez M, Russell J, Rydkina E, Sailer LL, Salmon AB, Sanghavi A, Schachtschneider KM, Schmitt D, Schmitt T, Schomacher L, Schook LB, Sears KE, Seifert AW, Shafer ABA, Shindyapina AV, Simmons M, Singh K, Sinha I, Slone J, Snell RG, Soltanmohammadi E, Spangler ML, Spriggs M, Staggs L, Stedman N, Steinman KJ, Stewart DT, Sugrue VJ, Szladovits B, Takahashi JS, Takasugi M, Teeling EC, Thompson MJ, Van Bonn B, Vernes SC, Villar D, Vinters HV, Vu H, Wallingford MC, Wang N, Wilkinson GS, Williams RW, Yan Q, Yao M, Young BG, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Zhao P, Zhou W, Zoller JA, Ernst J, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V, Yang XW, Raj K, Horvath S. DNA methylation networks underlying mammalian traits. Science 2023; 381:eabq5693. [PMID: 37561875 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq5693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Using DNA methylation profiles (n = 15,456) from 348 mammalian species, we constructed phyloepigenetic trees that bear marked similarities to traditional phylogenetic ones. Using unsupervised clustering across all samples, we identified 55 distinct cytosine modules, of which 30 are related to traits such as maximum life span, adult weight, age, sex, and human mortality risk. Maximum life span is associated with methylation levels in HOXL subclass homeobox genes and developmental processes and is potentially regulated by pluripotency transcription factors. The methylation state of some modules responds to perturbations such as caloric restriction, ablation of growth hormone receptors, consumption of high-fat diets, and expression of Yamanaka factors. This study reveals an intertwined evolution of the genome and epigenome that mediates the biological characteristics and traits of different mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Haghani
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Caesar Z Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Todd R Robeck
- Zoological Operations, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Joshua Zhang
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ake T Lu
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Julia Ablaeva
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Victoria A Acosta-Rodríguez
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Danielle M Adams
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Abdulaziz N Alagaili
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javier Almunia
- Loro Parque Fundacion, Avenida Loro Parque, Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ajoy Aloysius
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Nabil M S Amor
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Parasitology, and Ecology, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Reza Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adriana Arneson
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Scott Baker
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Gareth Banks
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Katherine Belov
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | | | - Daniel T Blumstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, CO, USA
| | - Eleanor K Bors
- Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | | | - Robert T Brooke
- Epigenetic Clock Development Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Janine L Brown
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Gerald Carter
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alex Caulton
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, Otago, New Zealand
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Julie M Cavin
- Gulf World Marine Park - Dolphin Company, Panama City Beach, FL, USA
| | - Lisa Chakrabarti
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Andreas S Chavez
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kaiyang Cheng
- Medical Informatics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Priscila Chiavellini
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Oi-Wa Choi
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shannon Clarke
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Joseph A Cook
- University of New Mexico, Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lisa N Cooper
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Marie-Laurence Cossette
- Department of Environmental & Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanna Day
- Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joseph DeYoung
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Christopher Dold
- Zoological Operations, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan L Dunnum
- University of New Mexico, Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Candice K Emmons
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephan Emmrich
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ebru Erbay
- Altos Labs, Bay Area Institute of Science, Redwood City, CA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Chris G Faulkes
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Zhe Fei
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Steven H Ferguson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Carrie J Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Jean-Michel Gaillard
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eva Garde
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Livia Gerber
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rodolfo G Goya
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matthew J Grant
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carla B Green
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M Bradley Hanson
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel W Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | | | | | - Andrew N Hogan
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carolyn J Hogg
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Timothy A Hore
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Taosheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Anna J Jasinska
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Gareth Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Olga Kashpur
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Vimala Kaza
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Hippokratis Kiaris
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Edwin S. H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pawel Kordowitzki
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | | | - Michael Krützen
- Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Soo Bin Kwon
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Larison
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sang-Goo Lee
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marianne Lehmann
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jean-François Lemaître
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Andrew J Levine
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinmin Li
- Technology Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cun Li
- Texas Pregnancy and Life-course Health Center, Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Andrea R Lim
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David T S Lin
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Thomas J Little
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | - Julie A Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - June Mergl
- Marineland of Canada, Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Meudt
- Biomedical and Genomic Research Group, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gisele A Montano
- Zoological Operations, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jason Munshi-South
- Louis Calder Center - Biological Field Station, Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Armonk, NY, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics and Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Asieh Naderi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Martina Nagy
- Museum fur Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pritika Narayan
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter W Nathanielsz
- Texas Pregnancy and Life-course Health Center, Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Ngoc B Nguyen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christof Niehrs
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Justine K O'Brien
- Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Duncan T Odom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Division of Regulatory Genomics and Cancer Evolution, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Elaine A Ostrander
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kim M Parsons
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kimberly C Paul
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy B Pedersen
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katharina J Peters
- Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Darren W Pietersen
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Gabriela M Pinho
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jocelyn Plassais
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jesse R Poganik
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia A Prado
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Science, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Rey
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Beate R Ritz
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Elena Rydkina
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Adam B Salmon
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, and the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Kyle M Schachtschneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Dennis Schmitt
- College of Agriculture, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Lawrence B Schook
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Karen E Sears
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ashley W Seifert
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Aaron B A Shafer
- Department of Forensic Science, Environmental & Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anastasia V Shindyapina
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kavita Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS University, Mumbai, India
| | - Ishani Sinha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jesse Slone
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Russel G Snell
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Elham Soltanmohammadi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Karen J Steinman
- Species Preservation Laboratory, SeaWorld San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Donald T Stewart
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Balazs Szladovits
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Joseph S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Masaki Takasugi
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Emma C Teeling
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael J Thompson
- Department Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bill Van Bonn
- Animal Care and Science Division, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sonja C Vernes
- School of Biology, The University of St. Andrews, Fife, UK
- Neurogenetics of Vocal Communication Group, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Diego Villar
- Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ha Vu
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Nan Wang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Qi Yan
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mingjia Yao
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brent G Young
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wanding Zhou
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph A Zoller
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason Ernst
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrei Seluanov
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - X William Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
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13
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Doher N, Davoudi V, Magaki S, Townley RA, Haeri M, Vinters HV. Illustrated Neuropathologic Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurol Int 2023; 15:857-867. [PMID: 37489360 PMCID: PMC10366902 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15030054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As of 2022, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among individuals aged 65 and older is estimated to be 6.2 million in the United States. This figure is predicted to grow to 13.8 million by 2060. An accurate assessment of neuropathologic changes represents a critical step in understanding the underlying mechanisms in AD. The current method for assessing postmortem Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change follows version 11 of the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) coding guidebook. Ambiguity regarding steps in the ABC scoring method can lead to increased time or inaccuracy in staging AD. We present a concise overview of how this postmortem diagnosis is made and relate it to the evolving understanding of antemortem AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Doher
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Vahid Davoudi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Shino Magaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ryan A Townley
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- The University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Fairway City, KS 66205, USA
| | - Mohammad Haeri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- The University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Fairway City, KS 66205, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Brain Research Institute, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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14
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Rajabli F, Benchek P, Tosto G, Kushch N, Sha J, Bazemore K, Zhu C, Lee WP, Haut J, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Wheeler NR, Zhao Y, Farrell JJ, Grunin MA, Leung YY, Kuksa PP, Li D, Lucio da Fonseca E, Mez JB, Palmer EL, Pillai J, Sherva RM, Song YE, Zhang X, Iqbal T, Pathak O, Valladares O, Kuzma AB, Abner E, Adams PM, Aguirre A, Albert MS, Albin RL, Allen M, Alvarez L, Apostolova LG, Arnold SE, Asthana S, Atwood CS, Ayres G, Baldwin CT, Barber RC, Barnes LL, Barral S, Beach TG, Becker JT, Beecham GW, Beekly D, Benitez BA, Bennett D, Bertelson J, Bird TD, Blacker D, Boeve BF, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Brewer J, Burke JR, Burns JM, Buxbaum JD, Cairns NJ, Cantwell LB, Cao C, Carlson CS, Carlsson CM, Carney RM, Carrasquillo MM, Chasse S, Chesselet MF, Chin NA, Chui HC, Chung J, Craft S, Crane PK, Cribbs DH, Crocco EA, Cruchaga C, Cuccaro ML, Cullum M, Darby E, Davis B, De Jager PL, DeCarli C, DeToledo J, Dick M, Dickson DW, Dombroski BA, Doody RS, Duara R, Ertekin-Taner NI, Evans DA, Faber KM, Fairchild TJ, Fallon KB, Fardo DW, Farlow MR, Fernandez-Hernandez V, Ferris S, Foroud TM, Frosch MP, Fulton-Howard B, Galasko DR, Gamboa A, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Ghetti B, Gilbert JR, Goate AM, Grabowski TJ, Graff-Radford NR, Green RC, Growdon JH, Hakonarson H, Hall J, Hamilton RL, Harari O, Hardy J, Harrell LE, Head E, Henderson VW, Hernandez M, Hohman T, Honig LS, Huebinger RM, Huentelman MJ, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Hynan LS, Ibanez L, Jarvik GP, Jayadev S, Jin LW, Johnson K, Johnson L, Kamboh MI, Karydas AM, Katz MJ, Kauwe JS, Kaye JA, Keene CD, Khaleeq A, Kim R, Knebl J, Kowall NW, Kramer JH, Kukull WA, LaFerla FM, Lah JJ, Larson EB, Lerner A, Leverenz JB, Levey AI, Lieberman AP, Lipton RB, Logue M, Lopez OL, Lunetta KL, Lyketsos CG, Mains D, Margaret FE, Marson DC, Martin ERR, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, Massman P, Masurkar A, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McDonough S, McKee AC, Mesulam M, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Montine TJ, Monuki ES, Morris JC, Mukherjee S, Myers AJ, Nguyen T, O'Bryant S, Olichney JM, Ory M, Palmer R, Parisi JE, Paulson HL, Pavlik V, Paydarfar D, Perez V, Peskind E, Petersen RC, Pierce A, Polk M, Poon WW, Potter H, Qu L, Quiceno M, Quinn JF, Raj A, Raskind M, Reiman EM, Reisberg B, Reisch JS, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rodriguear M, Rogaeva E, Rosen HJ, Rosenberg RN, Royall DR, Sager MA, Sano M, Saykin AJ, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Seeley WW, Slifer SH, Small S, Smith AG, Smith JP, Sonnen JA, Spina S, St George-Hyslop P, Stern RA, Stevens AB, Strittmatter SM, Sultzer D, Swerdlow RH, Tanzi RE, Tilson JL, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Tsuang DW, Van Deerlin VM, van Eldik LJ, Vance JM, Vardarajan BN, Vassar R, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Whitehead PL, Wijsman EM, Wilhelmsen KC, Williams B, Williamson J, Wilms H, Wingo TS, Wisniewski T, Woltjer RL, Woon M, Wright CB, Wu CK, Younkin SG, Yu CE, Yu L, Zhu X, Kunkle BW, Bush WS, Wang LS, Farrer LA, Haines JL, Mayeux R, Pericak-Vance MA, Schellenberg GD, Jun GR, Reitz C, Naj AC. Multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 56,241 individuals identifies LRRC4C, LHX5-AS1 and nominates ancestry-specific loci PTPRK , GRB14 , and KIAA0825 as novel risk loci for Alzheimer's disease: the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium. medRxiv 2023:2023.07.06.23292311. [PMID: 37461624 PMCID: PMC10350126 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.06.23292311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Limited ancestral diversity has impaired our ability to detect risk variants more prevalent in non-European ancestry groups in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We constructed and analyzed a multi-ancestry GWAS dataset in the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Genetics Consortium (ADGC) to test for novel shared and ancestry-specific AD susceptibility loci and evaluate underlying genetic architecture in 37,382 non-Hispanic White (NHW), 6,728 African American, 8,899 Hispanic (HIS), and 3,232 East Asian individuals, performing within-ancestry fixed-effects meta-analysis followed by a cross-ancestry random-effects meta-analysis. We identified 13 loci with cross-ancestry associations including known loci at/near CR1 , BIN1 , TREM2 , CD2AP , PTK2B , CLU , SHARPIN , MS4A6A , PICALM , ABCA7 , APOE and two novel loci not previously reported at 11p12 ( LRRC4C ) and 12q24.13 ( LHX5-AS1 ). Reflecting the power of diverse ancestry in GWAS, we observed the SHARPIN locus using 7.1% the sample size of the original discovering single-ancestry GWAS (n=788,989). We additionally identified three GWS ancestry-specific loci at/near ( PTPRK ( P =2.4×10 -8 ) and GRB14 ( P =1.7×10 -8 ) in HIS), and KIAA0825 ( P =2.9×10 -8 in NHW). Pathway analysis implicated multiple amyloid regulation pathways (strongest with P adjusted =1.6×10 -4 ) and the classical complement pathway ( P adjusted =1.3×10 -3 ). Genes at/near our novel loci have known roles in neuronal development ( LRRC4C, LHX5-AS1 , and PTPRK ) and insulin receptor activity regulation ( GRB14 ). These findings provide compelling support for using traditionally-underrepresented populations for gene discovery, even with smaller sample sizes.
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15
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Wong DR, Magaki SD, Vinters HV, Yong WH, Monuki ES, Williams CK, Martini AC, DeCarli C, Khacherian C, Graff JP, Dugger BN, Keiser MJ. Learning fast and fine-grained detection of amyloid neuropathologies from coarse-grained expert labels. Commun Biol 2023; 6:668. [PMID: 37355729 PMCID: PMC10290693 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise, scalable, and quantitative evaluation of whole slide images is crucial in neuropathology. We release a deep learning model for rapid object detection and precise information on the identification, locality, and counts of cored plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). We trained this object detector using a repurposed image-tile dataset without any human-drawn bounding boxes. We evaluated the detector on a new manually-annotated dataset of whole slide images (WSIs) from three institutions, four staining procedures, and four human experts. The detector matched the cohort of neuropathology experts, achieving 0.64 (model) vs. 0.64 (cohort) average precision (AP) for cored plaques and 0.75 vs. 0.51 AP for CAAs at a 0.5 IOU threshold. It provided count and locality predictions that approximately correlated with gold-standard human CERAD-like WSI scoring (p = 0.07 ± 0.10). The openly-available model can quickly score WSIs in minutes without a GPU on a standard workstation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Wong
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Shino D Magaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Edwin S Monuki
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alessandra C Martini
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Chris Khacherian
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - John P Graff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Brittany N Dugger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - Michael J Keiser
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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16
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Tse A, Janilkarn-Urena I, Lin J, Chang X, Efthymiou C, Idrissova A, Zhang M, Williams CK, Magaki S, Vinters HV, Davies DL, Gonen T, Gukasyan HJ, Seidler PM. Improving the solubility of pseudo-hydrophobic Alzheimer's Disease medicinal chemicals through co-crystal formulation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.25.538327. [PMID: 37162961 PMCID: PMC10168350 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.25.538327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are ligands and potential inhibitors of Alzheimer's disease (AD) tau. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a CNS active natural product. Despite having signature polyphenolic character, DHM is ostensibly hydrophobic owing to intermolecular hydrogen bonds that shield hydrophilic phenols. Our research shows DHM becomes ionized at near-neutral pH allowing formulation of salts with transformed solubility. The MicroED co-crystal structure with trolamine reveals DHM salts as metastable solids with unlocked hydrogen bonding and a thermodynamic bent to solubilize in water. All salt formulations show better inhibitory activity against AD tau than the non-salt form, with efficacies correlating to enhanced solubilities. These results underscore the role of structural chemistry in guiding selection of solubilizing agents for chemical formulation. We propose DHM salts are appropriate formulations for research as dietary supplements to promote healthy aging by combating protein misfolding. Additionally, DHM is a suitable lead for medicinal chemistry and possible development of CNS pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tse
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
- Authors contributed equally to experimental work
| | - I Janilkarn-Urena
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
- Authors contributed equally to experimental work
| | - J Lin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles, 615 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Authors contributed equally to experimental work
| | - X Chang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
| | - C Efthymiou
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
| | - A Idrissova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
| | - CK Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S Magaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - HV Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - DL Davies
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - T Gonen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles, 615 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 615 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - HJ Gukasyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
| | - PM Seidler
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
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17
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Ene L, Duiculescu D, Radoi R, Lazar M, Tardei G, Ungureanu E, Ruta S, Vinters HV, Letendre S, Grant I, Ellis RJ, Achim CL. Subacute myoclonic measles encephalitis - An opportunistic HIV-associated infection. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1113935. [PMID: 37082207 PMCID: PMC10110848 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1113935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction An unusual cluster of myoclonic epilepsy was observed in a Romanian pediatric HIV cohort concurrent with measles outbreaks. We describe this particular form of subacute measles encephalitis (SME) in a group of HIV-infected children and adolescents with severe immunosuppression. Methods This is a single-center study, starting in 1997 and covering 4 measles outbreaks in Romania. The presumptive diagnosis of subacute myoclonic measles encephalitis (SMME) was based on: (1) epidemiological data, previous measles episode or presumed contact with measles virus (MV), (2) clinical presentation with initial localized myoclonic jerks with rapid extension and subsequent motor deficit with preserved mental status, and (3) neuroimaging studies revealing cortical gray matter lesions. Definitive diagnosis was based on a neuropathological exam and immunohistochemistry of brain tissues, and measles RNA detection in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Results Thirty-six patients were diagnosed with a particular form of SME during consecutive measles outbreaks in Romania: 1996-1998 (22); 2005-2008 (12); 2010-2011 (1) and 2016-2018 (1). Most children were born in the late 80s and had parenterally acquired HIV infection in early childhood. Before the episode of SMME, 11 patients had confirmed measles, while the rest, without typical rash, had a respiratory tract infection and/or presumed previous measles contact. In all patients, the clinical onset was sudden, with unilateral myoclonus. MRI findings revealed mainly focal cortical gray matter lesions. Neurologic symptoms progressed rapidly to coma and death in most patients. Three patients survived SMME, they had higher CD4 count at onset, slower progression of neurological symptoms, and benefit of immune recovery with cART. Immunocytochemistry studies revealed MV in the brain with a pattern suggesting an ascending viral neural infection. MV was isolated from CSF in 7 out of 8 patients. Sequence analysis of MV RNA from both nasopharyngeal swabs and CSF was available for one patient with similar N-450 strain characteristics. Conclusion During an outbreak of measles, neurological manifestations, especially myoclonus in immunosuppressed patients, can be related to measles even in the absence of an acute episode. This particular form of subacute myoclonic measles encephalitis is an opportunistic fatal disease. Immune recovery due to effective antiretroviral treatment might increase survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Ene
- “Dr. Victor Babes” Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Duiculescu
- “Dr. Victor Babes” Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Radoi
- “Dr. Victor Babes” Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Gratiela Tardei
- “Dr. Victor Babes” Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugenia Ungureanu
- “Dr. Victor Babes” Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Ruta
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Ştefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Scott Letendre
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Igor Grant
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ronald J. Ellis
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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18
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Magaki S, Chen Z, Severance A, Williams CK, Diaz R, Fang C, Khanlou N, Yong WH, Paganini-Hill A, Kalaria RN, Vinters HV, Fisher M. Neuropathology of microbleeds in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:333-344. [PMID: 36715085 PMCID: PMC10025882 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) detected on magnetic resonance imaging are common in patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). The neuropathologic correlates of CMBs are unclear. In this study, we characterized findings relevant to CMBs in autopsy brain tissue of 8 patients with genetically confirmed CADASIL and 10 controls within the age range of the CADASIL patients by assessing the distribution and extent of hemosiderin/iron deposits including perivascular hemosiderin leakage (PVH), capillary hemosiderin deposits, and parenchymal iron deposits (PID) in the frontal cortex and white matter, basal ganglia and cerebellum. We also characterized infarcts, vessel wall thickening, and severity of vascular smooth muscle cell degeneration. CADASIL subjects had a significant increase in hemosiderin/iron deposits compared with controls. This increase was principally seen with PID. Hemosiderin/iron deposits were seen in the majority of CADASIL subjects in all brain areas. PVH was most pronounced in the frontal white matter and basal ganglia around small to medium sized arterioles, with no predilection for the vicinity of vessels with severe vascular changes or infarcts. CADASIL subjects have increased brain hemosiderin/iron deposits but these do not occur in a periarteriolar distribution. Pathogenesis of these lesions remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Magaki
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zesheng Chen
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alyscia Severance
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ramiro Diaz
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chuo Fang
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Negar Khanlou
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Annlia Paganini-Hill
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Rajesh N Kalaria
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain Research Institute, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mark Fisher
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
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19
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Ringman JM, Dorrani N, Fernández SG, Signer R, Martinez-Agosto J, Lee H, Douine ED, Qiao Y, Shi Y, D’Orazio L, Pawar S, Robbie L, Kashani AH, Singer M, Byers JT, Magaki S, Guzman S, Sagare A, Zlokovic B, Cederbaum S, Nelson S, Sheikh-Bahaei N, Chui HC, Chávez-Gutiérrez L, Vinters HV. Characterization of spastic paraplegia in a family with a novel PSEN1 mutation. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad030. [PMID: 36895955 PMCID: PMC9991506 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spastic paraparesis has been described to occur in 13.7% of PSEN1 mutations and can be the presenting feature in 7.5%. In this paper, we describe a family with a particularly young onset of spastic paraparesis due to a novel mutation in PSEN1 (F388S). Three affected brothers underwent comprehensive imaging protocols, two underwent ophthalmological evaluations and one underwent neuropathological examination after his death at age 29. Age of onset was consistently at age 23 with spastic paraparesis, dysarthria and bradyphrenia. Pseudobulbar affect followed with progressive gait problems leading to loss of ambulation in the late 20s. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of amyloid-β, tau and phosphorylated tau and florbetaben PET were consistent with Alzheimer's disease. Flortaucipir PET showed an uptake pattern atypical for Alzheimer's disease, with disproportionate signal in posterior brain areas. Diffusion tensor imaging showed decreased mean diffusivity in widespread areas of white matter but particularly in areas underlying the peri-Rolandic cortex and in the corticospinal tracts. These changes were more severe than those found in carriers of another PSEN1 mutation, which can cause spastic paraparesis at a later age (A431E), which were in turn more severe than among persons carrying autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease mutations not causing spastic paraparesis. Neuropathological examination confirmed the presence of cotton wool plaques previously described in association with spastic parapresis and pallor and microgliosis in the corticospinal tract with severe amyloid-β pathology in motor cortex but without unequivocal disproportionate neuronal loss or tau pathology. In vitro modelling of the effects of the mutation demonstrated increased production of longer length amyloid-β peptides relative to shorter that predicted the young age of onset. In this paper, we provide imaging and neuropathological characterization of an extreme form of spastic paraparesis occurring in association with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease, demonstrating robust diffusion and pathological abnormalities in white matter. That the amyloid-β profiles produced predicted the young age of onset suggests an amyloid-driven aetiology though the link between this and the white matter pathology remains undefined.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Ringman
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | | | - Sara Gutiérrez Fernández
- Department of Neurosciences, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Rebecca Signer
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Hane Lee
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Emilie D Douine
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yuchuan Qiao
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yonggang Shi
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Lina D’Orazio
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sanjay Pawar
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Leah Robbie
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Amir H Kashani
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Maxwell Singer
- Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Joshua T Byers
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shino Magaki
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sam Guzman
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Abhay Sagare
- Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Berislav Zlokovic
- Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Stephen Cederbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stanley Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nasim Sheikh-Bahaei
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Lucía Chávez-Gutiérrez
- Department of Neurosciences, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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20
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Murray KA, Hu CJ, Pan H, Lu J, Abskharon R, Bowler JT, Rosenberg GM, Williams CK, Elezi G, Balbirnie M, Faull KF, Vinters HV, Seidler PM, Eisenberg DS. Small molecules disaggregate alpha-synuclein and prevent seeding from patient brain-derived fibrils. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217835120. [PMID: 36757890 PMCID: PMC9963379 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217835120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The amyloid aggregation of alpha-synuclein within the brain is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other related synucleinopathies, including multiple system atrophy (MSA). Alpha-synuclein aggregates are a major therapeutic target for treatment of these diseases. We identify two small molecules capable of disassembling preformed alpha-synuclein fibrils. The compounds, termed CNS-11 and CNS-11g, disaggregate recombinant alpha-synuclein fibrils in vitro, prevent the intracellular seeded aggregation of alpha-synuclein fibrils, and mitigate alpha-synuclein fibril cytotoxicity in neuronal cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both compounds disassemble fibrils extracted from MSA patient brains and prevent their intracellular seeding. They also reduce in vivo alpha-synuclein aggregates in C. elegans. Both compounds also penetrate brain tissue in mice. A molecular dynamics-based computational model suggests the compounds may exert their disaggregating effects on the N terminus of the fibril core. These compounds appear to be promising therapeutic leads for targeting alpha-synuclein for the treatment of synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. Murray
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Carolyn J. Hu
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Hope Pan
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Jiahui Lu
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Romany Abskharon
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Jeannette T. Bowler
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Gregory M. Rosenberg
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Christopher K. Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Gazmend Elezi
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Melinda Balbirnie
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Kym F. Faull
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Paul M. Seidler
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90089
| | - David S. Eisenberg
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
- HHMI, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA90095
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21
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Fang C, Magaki SD, Kim RC, Kalaria RN, Vinters HV, Fisher M. Arteriolar neuropathology in cerebral microvascular disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2023; 49:e12875. [PMID: 36564356 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral microvascular disease (MVD) is an important cause of vascular cognitive impairment. MVD is heterogeneous in aetiology, ranging from universal ageing to the sporadic (hypertension, sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA] and chronic kidney disease) and the genetic (e.g., familial CAA, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy [CADASIL] and cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy [CARASIL]). The brain parenchymal consequences of MVD predominantly consist of lacunar infarcts (lacunes), microinfarcts, white matter disease of ageing and microhaemorrhages. MVD is characterised by substantial arteriolar neuropathology involving ubiquitous vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) abnormalities. Cerebral MVD is characterised by a wide variety of arteriolar injuries but only a limited number of parenchymal manifestations. We reason that the cerebral arteriole plays a dominant role in the pathogenesis of each type of MVD. Perturbations in signalling and function (i.e., changes in proliferation, apoptosis, phenotypic switch and migration of SMC) are prominent in the pathogenesis of cerebral MVD, making 'cerebral angiomyopathy' an appropriate term to describe the spectrum of pathologic abnormalities. The evidence suggests that the cerebral arteriole acts as both source and mediator of parenchymal injury in MVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuo Fang
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 101 The City Drive South Shanbrom Hall (Building 55), Room 121, Orange, 92868, California, USA
| | - Shino D Magaki
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ronald C Kim
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Raj N Kalaria
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mark Fisher
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 101 The City Drive South Shanbrom Hall (Building 55), Room 121, Orange, 92868, California, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
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22
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Zhang S, Zhu R, Pan B, Xu H, Olufemi MF, Gathagan RJ, Li Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Xiang W, Kagan EM, Cao X, Yuan C, Kim SJ, Williams CK, Magaki S, Vinters HV, Lashuel HA, Garcia BA, James Petersson E, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Peng C. Post-translational modifications of soluble α-synuclein regulate the amplification of pathological α-synuclein. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:213-225. [PMID: 36690898 PMCID: PMC10103650 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell transmission and subsequent amplification of pathological proteins promote neurodegenerative disease progression. Most research on this has focused on pathological protein seeds, but how their normal counterparts, which are converted to pathological forms during transmission, regulate transmission is less understood. Here we show in cultured cells that phosphorylation of soluble, nonpathological α-synuclein (α-Syn) at previously identified sites dramatically affects the amplification of pathological α-Syn, which underlies Parkinson's disease and other α-synucleinopathies, in a conformation- and phosphorylation site-specific manner. We performed LC-MS/MS analyses on soluble α-Syn purified from Parkinson's disease and other α-synucleinopathies, identifying many new α-Syn post-translational modifications (PTMs). In addition to phosphorylation, acetylation of soluble α-Syn also modified pathological α-Syn transmission in a site- and conformation-specific manner. Moreover, phosphorylation of soluble α-Syn could modulate the seeding properties of pathological α-Syn. Our study represents the first systematic analysis how of soluble α-Syn PTMs affect the spreading and amplification of pathological α-Syn, which may affect disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruowei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Buyan Pan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hong Xu
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Modupe F Olufemi
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ronald J Gathagan
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuanxi Li
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Cognitive Neurodynamics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- School of Mathematics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jasmine Zhang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wenxuan Xiang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eliot Masahiro Kagan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Soo-Jung Kim
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shino Magaki
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Neurology, and Brain Research Institute, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hilal A Lashuel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - E James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia M-Y Lee
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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23
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Wong DR, Magaki SD, Vinters HV, Yong WH, Monuki ES, Williams CK, Martini AC, DeCarli C, Khacherian C, Graff JP, Dugger BN, Keiser MJ. Learning fast and fine-grained detection of amyloid neuropathologies from coarse-grained expert labels. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.13.524019. [PMID: 36711704 PMCID: PMC9882138 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.13.524019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Precise, scalable, and quantitative evaluation of whole slide images is crucial in neuropathology. We release a deep learning model for rapid object detection and precise information on the identification, locality, and counts of cored plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathies (CAAs). We trained this object detector using a repurposed image-tile dataset without any human-drawn bounding boxes. We evaluated the detector on a new manually-annotated dataset of whole slide images (WSIs) from three institutions, four staining procedures, and four human experts. The detector matched the cohort of neuropathology experts, achieving 0.64 (model) vs. 0.64 (cohort) average precision (AP) for cored plaques and 0.75 vs. 0.51 AP for CAAs at a 0.5 IOU threshold. It provided count and locality predictions that correlated with gold-standard CERAD-like WSI scoring (p=0.07± 0.10). The openly-available model can quickly score WSIs in minutes without a GPU on a standard workstation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Wong
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Shino D. Magaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - William H. Yong
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Edwin S. Monuki
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Christopher K. Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alessandra C. Martini
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Chris Khacherian
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - John P. Graff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Brittany N. Dugger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Michael J. Keiser
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
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24
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Magaki SD, Vinters HV. Evaluating when (and how) hypertension may be 'good for your brain'. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad127. [PMID: 37113316 PMCID: PMC10128875 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This scientific commentary refers to 'Elevated late-life blood pressure may maintain brain oxygenation and slow amyloid-β accumulation, at the expense of cerebral vascular damage', by Tayler et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcad112).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino D Magaki
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Correspondence to: Harry V. Vinters, M.D., F.R.C.P.C, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Rm 18-170B NPI, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1732, USA E-mail:
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25
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Xiao G, Kumar R, Komuro Y, Burguet J, Kakarla V, Azizkhanian I, Sheth SA, Williams CK, Zhang XR, Macknicki M, Brumm A, Kawaguchi R, Mai P, Kaneko N, Vinters HV, Carmichael ST, Havton LA, DeCarli C, Hinman JD. IL-17/CXCL5 signaling within the oligovascular niche mediates human and mouse white matter injury. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111848. [PMID: 36543124 PMCID: PMC10026849 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease and brain white matter injury are worsened by cardiovascular risk factors including obesity. Molecular pathways in cerebral endothelial cells activated by chronic cerebrovascular risk factors alter cell-cell signaling, blocking endogenous and post-ischemic white matter repair. Using cell-specific translating ribosome affinity purification (RiboTag) in white matter endothelia and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), we identify a coordinated interleukin-chemokine signaling cascade within the oligovascular niche of subcortical white matter that is triggered by diet-induced obesity (DIO). DIO induces interleukin-17B (IL-17B) signaling that acts on the cerebral endothelia through IL-17Rb to increase both circulating and local endothelial expression of CXCL5. In white matter endothelia, CXCL5 promotes the association of OPCs with the vasculature and triggers OPC gene expression programs regulating cell migration through chemokine signaling. Targeted blockade of IL-17B reduced vessel-associated OPCs by reducing endothelial CXCL5 expression. In multiple human cohorts, blood levels of CXCL5 function as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of vascular cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rosie Kumar
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yutaro Komuro
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jasmine Burguet
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Visesha Kakarla
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ida Azizkhanian
- New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Sunil A Sheth
- Department of Neurology, UT Health McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Department of Neuropathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinhai R Zhang
- Department of Neuropathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michal Macknicki
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Brumm
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Phu Mai
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naoki Kaneko
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Neuropathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leif A Havton
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jason D Hinman
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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26
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Lopez G, Han K, Magaki SD, Song SX, Salamon N, Kahlon KS, Keselman I, Bari AA, Vinters HV. Low‐grade
B‐cell lymphoma of the central nervous system with plasmacytic differentiation and amyloid deposition. Neuropathology 2022. [PMID: 36451532 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A 65-year-old woman with a resolved history of epilepsy due to a motor vehicle accident and hippocampal sclerosis presented with recurrent de novo seizures. Brain imaging demonstrated enhancement in the left parieto-occipital lobe. At histopathological examination, the lesion displayed a diffuse lymphoid infiltrate comprised of small atypical lymphocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes, and scattered plasma cells with amyloid deposition. Pathology workup demonstrated a monotypic B-cell phenotype of the lymphoid infiltrate, expressing lambda light chain restriction and plasmacytic differentiation without MYD88 mutations. The patient had no systemic evidence of lymphoma, plasma cell dyscrasia, or amyloidosis. A diagnosis of low-grade B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system with plasmacytic differentiation and amyloid deposition was made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Lopez
- University of Milan Milan Italy
- Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Karam Han
- Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Shino D. Magaki
- Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Sophie X. Song
- Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Kanwarpal S. Kahlon
- Division of Hematology‐Oncology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Inna Keselman
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
| | - Ausaf A. Bari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles California USA
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA
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27
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Seidler PM, Murray KA, Boyer DR, Ge P, Sawaya MR, Hu CJ, Cheng X, Abskharon R, Pan H, DeTure MA, Williams CK, Dickson DW, Vinters HV, Eisenberg DS. Structure-based discovery of small molecules that disaggregate Alzheimer's disease tissue derived tau fibrils in vitro. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5451. [PMID: 36114178 PMCID: PMC9481533 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32951-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the consequence of neuronal death and brain atrophy associated with the aggregation of protein tau into fibrils. Thus disaggregation of tau fibrils could be a therapeutic approach to AD. The small molecule EGCG, abundant in green tea, has long been known to disaggregate tau and other amyloid fibrils, but EGCG has poor drug-like properties, failing to fully penetrate the brain. Here we have cryogenically trapped an intermediate of brain-extracted tau fibrils on the kinetic pathway to EGCG-induced disaggregation and have determined its cryoEM structure. The structure reveals that EGCG molecules stack in polar clefts between the paired helical protofilaments that pathologically define AD. Treating the EGCG binding position as a pharmacophore, we computationally screened thousands of drug-like compounds for compatibility for the pharmacophore, discovering several that experimentally disaggregate brain-derived tau fibrils in vitro. This work suggests the potential of structure-based, small-molecule drug discovery for amyloid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Seidler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin A Murray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David R Boyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Sawaya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn J Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinyi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Romany Abskharon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hope Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Christopher K Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David S Eisenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- UCLA-DOE Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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28
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Magaki SD, Vinters HV, Williams CK, Mareninov S, Khanlou N, Said J, Nemanim N, Gonzalez J, Morales JG, Singer EJ, Yong WH. Neuropathologic Findings in Elderly HIV-Positive Individuals. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2022; 81:565-576. [PMID: 35656871 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The elderly HIV-positive population is growing due to the widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), but the effects of longstanding HIV infection on brain aging are unknown. A significant proportion of HIV-positive individuals develop HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) even on cART, but the pathogenesis of HAND is unknown. Although neuroinflammation is postulated to play an important role in aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD), it is unclear whether HIV accelerates aging or increases the risk for AD. We examined the brains of 9 elderly HIV-positive subjects on cART without co-infection by hepatitis C virus compared to 7 elderly HIV-negative subjects. Microglial and astrocyte activation and AD pathologic change in association with systemic comorbidities and neurocognitive assessment were evaluated. There was no difference in microglial or astrocyte activation between our HIV-positive and HIV-negative cohorts. One HIV-positive subject and 2 HIV-negative subjects demonstrated significant amyloid deposition, predominantly in the form of diffuse senile plaques, but these individuals were cognitively normal. Neurofibrillary tangles were sparse in the HIV-positive cohort. There was a high prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in all subjects. These findings suggest that multiple factors likely contribute to aging and cognitive impairment in elderly HIV-positive individuals on cART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino D Magaki
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sergey Mareninov
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Negar Khanlou
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Said
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natasha Nemanim
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Gonzalez
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jose G Morales
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elyse J Singer
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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29
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Huang R, Worrell J, Garner E, Wang S, Homsey T, Xu B, Galer EL, Zhou Y, Tavakol S, Daneshvar M, Le T, Vinters HV, Salamon N, McArthur DL, Nuwer MR, Wu I, Leiter JC, Lu DC. Epidural electrical stimulation of the cervical spinal cord opposes opioid-induced respiratory depression. J Physiol 2022; 600:2973-2999. [PMID: 35639046 DOI: 10.1113/jp282664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid overdose suppresses brainstem respiratory circuits, causes apnoea and may result in death. Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) at the cervical spinal cord facilitated motor activity in rodents and humans, and we hypothesized that EES of the cervical spinal cord could antagonize opioid-induced respiratory depression in humans. Eighteen patients requiring surgical access to the dorsal surface of the spinal cord between C2 and C7 received EES or sham stimulation for up to 90 s at 5 or 30 Hz during complete (OFF-State) or partial suppression (ON-State) of respiration induced by remifentanil. During the ON-State, 30 Hz EES at C4 and 5 Hz EES at C3/4 increased tidal volume and decreased the end-tidal carbon dioxide level compared to pre-stimulation control levels. EES of 5 Hz at C5 and C7 increased respiratory frequency compared to pre-stimulation control levels. In the OFF-State, 30 Hz cervical EES at C3/4 terminated apnoea and induced rhythmic breathing. In cadaveric tissue obtained from a brain bank, more neurons expressed both the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) and somatostatin (SST) in the cervical spinal levels responsive to EES (C3/4, C6 and C7) compared to a region non-responsive to EES (C2). Thus, the capacity of cervical EES to oppose opioid depression of respiration may be mediated by NK1R+/SST+ neurons in the dorsal cervical spinal cord. This study provides proof of principle that cervical EES may provide a novel therapeutic approach to augment respiratory activity when the neural function of the central respiratory circuits is compromised by opioids or other pathological conditions. KEY POINTS: Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) using an implanted spinal cord stimulator (SCS) is an FDA-approved method to manage chronic pain. We tested the hypothesis that cervical EES facilitates respiration during administration of opioids in 18 human subjects who were treated with low-dose remifentanil that suppressed respiration (ON-State) or high-dose remifentanil that completely inhibited breathing (OFF-State) during the course of cervical surgery. Dorsal cervical EES of the spinal cord augmented the respiratory tidal volume or increased the respiratory frequency, and the response to EES varied as a function of the stimulation frequency (5 or 30 Hz) and the cervical level stimulated (C2-C7). Short, continuous cervical EES restored a cyclic breathing pattern (eupnoea) in the OFF-State, suggesting that cervical EES reversed the opioid-induced respiratory depression. These findings add to our understanding of respiratory pattern modulation and suggest a novel mechanism to oppose the respiratory depression caused by opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason Worrell
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric Garner
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tali Homsey
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erika L Galer
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Molecular, Cellular, Integrated Physiology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sherwin Tavakol
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Meelod Daneshvar
- University of California Fresno, Department of Surgery, Fresno, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Le
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David L McArthur
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc R Nuwer
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Irene Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James C Leiter
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Daniel C Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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30
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Zhang D, Hugo W, Bergsneider M, Wang MB, Kim W, Vinters HV, Heaney AP. Single-cell RNA sequencing in silent corticotroph tumors confirms impaired POMC processing and provides new insights into their invasive behavior. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 187:49-64. [PMID: 35521707 PMCID: PMC9248914 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objective Provide insights into the defective POMC processing and invasive behavior in silent pituitary corticotroph tumors. Design and methods Single-cell RNAseq was used to compare the cellular makeup and transcriptome of silent and active corticotroph tumors. Results A series of transcripts related to hormone processing peptidases and genes involved in the structural organization of secretory vesicles were reduced in silent compared to active corticotroph tumors. Most relevant to their invasive behavior, silent corticotroph tumors exhibited several features of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, with increased expression of mesenchymal genes along with the loss of transcripts that regulate hormonal biogenesis and secretion. Silent corticotroph tumor vascular smooth muscle cell and pericyte stromal cell populations also exhibited plasticity in their mesenchymal features. Conclusions Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of impaired POMC processing and invasion in silent corticotroph tumors and suggest that a common transcriptional reprogramming mechanism simultaneously impairs POMC processing and activates tumor invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Zhang
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Willy Hugo
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Marvin Bergsneider
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Marilene B. Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Anthony P. Heaney
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
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31
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Ringman JM, Joe E, Sheikh-Bahaei N, Miller C, Vinters HV, Guzman S, Chui HC. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-related Inflammation Presenting With a Cystic Lesion in Young-onset Alzheimer Disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2021; 35:265-268. [PMID: 33480610 PMCID: PMC8289923 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We describe a patient with cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) presenting as Alzheimer disease (AD) with a mass lesion with symptom onset at age 59. He was found to have a nonenhancing lesion in the right temporal lobe on magnetic resonance imaging without evidence of hemorrhage. He underwent a biopsy which showed amyloid beta in blood vessel walls and a perivascular inflammatory infiltrate consistent with CAA-ri. Neurofibrillary tangles were present and a flortaucipir positron emission tomography showed bilateral signal highest in the lateral temporal and parietal cortices. A lumbar puncture showed tau, p-tau, and amyloid beta levels consistent with AD without evidence of inflammation. He was homozygous for the APOE ε4 allele. He died at age 67. A focus of CAA-ri can be present in the context of AD with a mass lesion and without evidence of hemorrhage, significant ischemic changes, or overt inflammation on cerebrospinal fluid examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Ringman
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Joe
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nasim Sheikh-Bahaei
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carol Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Dept of Pathology & Lab Medicine (Neuropathology), & Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Helena C. Chui
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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32
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Chang JW, Reyes SD, Faure-Kumar E, Lam SK, Lawlor MW, Leventer RJ, Lew SM, Lockhart PJ, Pope K, Weiner HL, Salamon N, Vinters HV, Mathern GW, Fallah A, Owens GC. Clonally Focused Public and Private T Cells in Resected Brain Tissue From Surgeries to Treat Children With Intractable Seizures. Front Immunol 2021; 12:664344. [PMID: 33889159 PMCID: PMC8056262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a targeted transcriptomics approach, we have analyzed resected brain tissue from a cohort of 53 pediatric epilepsy surgery cases, and have found that there is a spectrum of involvement of both the innate and adaptive immune systems as evidenced by the differential expression of immune-specific genes in the affected brain tissue. The specimens with the highest expression of immune-specific genes were from two Rasmussen encephalitis cases, which is known to be a neuro-immunological disease, but also from tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), focal cortical dysplasia, and hemimegalencephaly surgery cases. We obtained T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ chain sequence data from brain tissue and blood from patients with the highest levels of T cell transcripts. The clonality indices and the frequency of the top 50 Vβ clonotypes indicated that T cells in the brain were clonally restricted. The top 50 Vβ clonotypes comprised both public and private (patient specific) clonotypes, and the TCR Vβ chain third complementarity region (CDR3) of the most abundant public Vβ clonotype in each brain sample was strikingly similar to a CDR3 that recognizes an immunodominant epitope in either human cytomegalovirus or Epstein Barr virus, or influenza virus A. We found that the frequency of 14 of the top 50 brain Vβ clonotypes from a TSC surgery case had significantly increased in brain tissue removed to control recurrent seizures 11 months after the first surgery. Conversely, we found that the frequency in the blood of 18 of the top 50 brain clonotypes from a second TSC patient, who was seizure free, had significantly decreased 5 months after surgery indicating that T cell clones found in the brain had contracted in the periphery after removal of the brain area associated with seizure activity and inflammation. However, the frequency of a public and a private clonotype significantly increased in the brain after seizures recurred and the patient underwent a second surgery. Combined single cell gene expression and TCR sequencing of brain-infiltrating leukocytes from the second surgery showed that the two clones were CD8 effector T cells, indicating that they are likely to be pathologically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia W Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Samuel D Reyes
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emmanuelle Faure-Kumar
- Department of Medicine: Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sandi K Lam
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Michael W Lawlor
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Richard J Leventer
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sean M Lew
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Paul J Lockhart
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn Pope
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gary W Mathern
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Aria Fallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Geoffrey C Owens
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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33
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Vinters HV, Magaki SD, Williams CK. Neuropathologic Findings in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105657. [PMID: 33579545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the neuropathologic autopsy findings in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or chronic renal failure (CRF) is difficult for several reasons: etiology of the CKD may be heterogeneous, affected patients may have one or more major co-morbidities that themselves can cause significant neurologic disease, and agonal events may result in significant findings that were of minimal significance earlier in a patient's life. We studied the constellation of neuropathologic abnormalities in 40 autopsy brains originating from subjects of ages 34-95 years (no children in the study). The most common pathologic change was that of ischemic infarcts (cystic, lacunar and/or microinfarcts), which were seen in over half of subjects. These were associated with both large artery atherosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis (A/S), the latter finding being present in 29/40 subjects. Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysms were present in the brains of three subjects, in one case associated with severe amyloid angiopathy. Microvascular calcinosis (medial sclerosis in the case of arterioles) was seen in the basal ganglia (n=8) and/or endplate region of the hippocampus (n=7) and occasional ischemic infarcts in one brain showed severe calcification. Sequelae of cerebrovascular disease (especially A/S or microvascular disease) are a common neuropathologic substrate for neurologic disability and brain lesions in this complex group of patients. Regulation of calcium metabolism within brain microvessel walls may be worthy of further research in both human brain specimens and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1732, United States.
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Blevins BL, Vinters HV, Love S, Wilcock DM, Grinberg LT, Schneider JA, Kalaria RN, Katsumata Y, Gold BT, Wang DJJ, Ma SJ, Shade LMP, Fardo DW, Hartz AMS, Jicha GA, Nelson KB, Magaki SD, Schmitt FA, Teylan MA, Ighodaro ET, Phe P, Abner EL, Cykowski MD, Van Eldik LJ, Nelson PT. Brain arteriolosclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 141:1-24. [PMID: 33098484 PMCID: PMC8503820 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain arteriolosclerosis (B-ASC), characterized by pathologic arteriolar wall thickening, is a common finding at autopsy in aged persons and is associated with cognitive impairment. Hypertension and diabetes are widely recognized as risk factors for B-ASC. Recent research indicates other and more complex risk factors and pathogenetic mechanisms. Here, we describe aspects of the unique architecture of brain arterioles, histomorphologic features of B-ASC, relevant neuroimaging findings, epidemiology and association with aging, established genetic risk factors, and the co-occurrence of B-ASC with other neuropathologic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE). There may also be complex physiologic interactions between metabolic syndrome (e.g., hypertension and inflammation) and brain arteriolar pathology. Although there is no universally applied diagnostic methodology, several classification schemes and neuroimaging techniques are used to diagnose and categorize cerebral small vessel disease pathologies that include B-ASC, microinfarcts, microbleeds, lacunar infarcts, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In clinical-pathologic studies that factored in comorbid diseases, B-ASC was independently associated with impairments of global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, and perceptual speed, and has been linked to autonomic dysfunction and motor symptoms including parkinsonism. We conclude by discussing critical knowledge gaps related to B-ASC and suggest that there are probably subcategories of B-ASC that differ in pathogenesis. Observed in over 80% of autopsied individuals beyond 80 years of age, B-ASC is a complex and under-studied contributor to neurologic disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney L Blevins
- Department of Neuroscience, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen SOM at UCLA and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1732, USA
| | - Seth Love
- University of Bristol and Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Donna M Wilcock
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Neuroscience, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Department of Neurology and Pathology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- LIM-22, Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Rajesh N Kalaria
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Yuriko Katsumata
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Brian T Gold
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Neuroscience, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Danny J J Wang
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Samantha J Ma
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Lincoln M P Shade
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Anika M S Hartz
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Gregory A Jicha
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Neurology, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | | | - Shino D Magaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen SOM at UCLA and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1732, USA
| | - Frederick A Schmitt
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Neurology, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Merilee A Teylan
- Department of Epidemiology, University Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | | | - Panhavuth Phe
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Erin L Abner
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Epidemiology, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Matthew D Cykowski
- Departments of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Linda J Van Eldik
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Neuroscience, University Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Peter T Nelson
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- Rm 311 Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 800 S. Limestone Avenue, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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Chornenka K, Hirsch-Reinshagen V, Perez-Rosendahl M, Feldman H, Segal-Gidan F, Vinters HV, Mackenzie IR. Expanding the Phenotype of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration With FUS-Positive Pathology (FTLD-FUS). J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:809-812. [PMID: 32483606 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive inclusions (aFTLD-U) is an uncommon cause of frontotemporal dementia characterized by fused in sarcoma-positive inclusions. It is classified as a subtype of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with FUS pathology. Cases with aFTLD-U pathology typically display an early onset of symptoms and severe psychobehavioral changes in the absence of significant aphasia, cognitive-intellectual dysfunction or motor features. This phenotype is regarded as being sufficiently unusual and consistent as to allow antemortem diagnosis with a high degree of accuracy. In this report, we describe 2 cases with aFTLD-U pathology that broaden the associated phenotype to include later age of onset, milder behavioral abnormalities and early memory and language impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronica Hirsch-Reinshagen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Howard Feldman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego
| | - Freddi Segal-Gidan
- Division of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ian R Mackenzie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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36
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Lee CYD, Wang N, Shen K, Stricos M, Langfelder P, Cheon KH, Cortés EP, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Wexler NS, Damoiseaux R, Frydman J, Yang XW. Disease-related Huntingtin seeding activities in cerebrospinal fluids of Huntington's disease patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20295. [PMID: 33219289 PMCID: PMC7679413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In Huntington's disease (HD), the mutant Huntingtin (mHTT) is postulated to mediate template-based aggregation that can propagate across cells. It has been difficult to quantitatively detect such pathological seeding activities in patient biosamples, e.g. cerebrospinal fluids (CSF), and study their correlation with the disease manifestation. Here we developed a cell line expressing a domain-engineered mHTT-exon 1 reporter, which showed remarkably high sensitivity and specificity in detecting mHTT seeding species in HD patient biosamples. We showed that the seeding-competent mHTT species in HD CSF are significantly elevated upon disease onset and with the progression of neuropathological grades. Mechanistically, we showed that mHTT seeding activities in patient CSF could be ameliorated by the overexpression of chaperone DNAJB6 and by antibodies against the polyproline domain of mHTT. Together, our study developed a selective and scalable cell-based tool to investigate mHTT seeding activities in HD CSF, and demonstrated that the CSF mHTT seeding species are significantly associated with certain disease states. This seeding activity can be ameliorated by targeting specific domain or proteostatic pathway of mHTT, providing novel insights into such pathological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Daniel Lee
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Koning Shen
- Department of Biology and BioX Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Stricos
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Langfelder
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristina H Cheon
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Etty P Cortés
- Division of Aging and Dementia, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Division of Aging and Dementia, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy S Wexler
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Hereditary Disease Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Judith Frydman
- Department of Biology and BioX Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - X William Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Miyata H, Fushimi S, Ota Y, Vinters HV, Adachi K, Nanba E, Akiyama T. Isolated cortical tuber in an infant with genetically confirmed tuberous sclerosis complex 1 presenting with symptomatic West syndrome. Neuropathology 2020; 41:58-64. [PMID: 33181865 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder caused by mutations in either TSC1 on chromosome 16 or TSC2 on chromosome 9, clinically characterized mainly by facial angiofibroma, epilepsy, and intellectual disability. Cortical dysplasias, subependymal nodules, and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma are characteristic central nervous system lesions among 11 major features in the current clinical diagnostic criteria for TSC. We encountered an unusual case of genetically confirmed TSC1 presenting with symptomatic West syndrome due to an isolated cortical dysplasia in the left occipital lobe of a six-month-old male infant who did not meet the clinical diagnostic criteria for TSC. The patient underwent left occipital lesionectomy at age 11 months and has been seizure-free for nearly six years since then. Histological examination of the resection specimen revealed cortical neuronal dyslamination with abundant dysmorphic neurons and ballooned cells, consistent with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type IIb. However, the lesion was also accompanied by unusual features, including marked calcifications, dense fibrillary gliosis containing abundant Rosenthal fibers, CD34-positive glial cells with abundant long processes confined to the dysplastic cortex, and multiple nodular lesions occupying the underlying white matter, consisting exclusively of ballooned cell and/or balloon-like astrocytes with focal calcifications. Genetic testing for TSC1 and TSC2 using the patient's peripheral blood revealed a germline heterozygous mutation in exon 7 (NM_000368.5: c.526dupT, p.Tyr176fs) in TSC1. Isolated FCD with unusual features such as calcification, dense fibrillary gliosis, Rosenthal fibers and/or subependymal nodule-like lesions in the white matter may indicate the possibility of a cortical tuber even without a clinical diagnosis of TSC. Identification of such histopathological findings has significant implications for early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of TSC, and is likely to serve as an important supplementary feature for the current clinical diagnostic criteria for TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Miyata
- Department of Neuropathology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita Cerebrospinal and Cardiovascular Center, Akita, Japan
| | - Soichiro Fushimi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Himeji Red Cross Hospital, Himeji, Japan
| | - Yoko Ota
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology) and Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kaori Adachi
- Research Initiative Center, Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Eiji Nanba
- Research Strategy Division, Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akiyama
- Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Vinters HV. The 'ACCIDENTAL NEUROPATHOLOGIST'-PERSPECTIVES on 40 years in Neuropathology. Free Neuropathol 2020; 1. [PMID: 34291231 DOI: 10.17879/freeneuropathology-2020-2956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry V Vinters
- Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Depts. of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine & Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; formerly Chief of Neuropathology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (1993-2016)
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Zhang XR, Zhang T, Huard LL, Villablanca JP, Vinters HV. Fatal intracranial hemorrhage from brain AVM in a 7-week-old infant: case report and recent literature review. Childs Nerv Syst 2020; 36:1563-1568. [PMID: 31974663 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular abnormalities that typically present with spontaneous hemorrhage, seizure, or as a mass lesion. Pediatric brain AVMs are rarely diagnosed but carry a higher rate of rupture. We report a 7-week-old infant with rapid fatal intracranial hemorrhage from an undiagnosed brain. AVM confirmed at autopsy. Literature review on pediatric patients who had acute death caused by previously undiagnosed brain AVM from 1992 to 2018 revealed that cerebellum is the most frequent location of such AVMs, followed by thalamus. All the children had extensive intracranial hemorrhage that led to their deterioration despite surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhai Robert Zhang
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leanna L Huard
- Department of Pediatrics, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Pablo Villablanca
- Department of Radiological Science, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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40
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Abskharon R, Seidler PM, Sawaya MR, Cascio D, Yang TP, Philipp S, Williams CK, Newell KL, Ghetti B, DeTure MA, Dickson DW, Vinters HV, Felgner PL, Nakajima R, Glabe CG, Eisenberg DS. Crystal structure of a conformational antibody that binds tau oligomers and inhibits pathological seeding by extracts from donors with Alzheimer's disease. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10662-10676. [PMID: 32493775 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble oligomers of aggregated tau accompany the accumulation of insoluble amyloid fibrils, a histological hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD) and two dozen related neurodegenerative diseases. Both oligomers and fibrils seed the spread of Tau pathology, and by virtue of their low molecular weight and relative solubility, oligomers may be particularly pernicious seeds. Here, we report the formation of in vitro tau oligomers formed by an ionic liquid (IL15). Using IL15-induced recombinant tau oligomers and a dot blot assay, we discovered a mAb (M204) that binds oligomeric tau, but not tau monomers or fibrils. M204 and an engineered single-chain variable fragment (scFv) inhibited seeding by IL15-induced tau oligomers and pathological extracts from donors with AD and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. This finding suggests that M204-scFv targets pathological structures that are formed by tau in neurodegenerative diseases. We found that M204-scFv itself partitions into oligomeric forms that inhibit seeding differently, and crystal structures of the M204-scFv monomer, dimer, and trimer revealed conformational differences that explain differences among these forms in binding and inhibition. The efficiency of M204-scFv antibodies to inhibit the seeding by brain tissue extracts from different donors with tauopathies varied among individuals, indicating the possible existence of distinct amyloid polymorphs. We propose that by binding to oligomers, which are hypothesized to be the earliest seeding-competent species, M204-scFv may have potential as an early-stage diagnostic for AD and tauopathies, and also could guide the development of promising therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romany Abskharon
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul M Seidler
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael R Sawaya
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Duilio Cascio
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tianxiao P Yang
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephan Philipp
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Christopher Kazu Williams
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathy L Newell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Michael A DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Philip L Felgner
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Rie Nakajima
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Charles G Glabe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - David S Eisenberg
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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41
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Chan J, Magaki S, Zhang XR, Chin C, Greenspan S, Linetsky M, Kattar M, Vinters HV. Intravascular carcinomatosis of the brain: a report of two cases. Brain Tumor Pathol 2020; 37:118-125. [PMID: 32488681 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-020-00367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although central nervous system (CNS) metastases are common in advanced cancer, CNS involvement solely by intravascular tumor cells, known as intravascular carcinomatosis, is extremely rare. We report two cases of brain metastasis in which tumor cells were restricted to the vascular lumina without parenchymal involvement, resulting in ischemic lesions. The first patient is a previously healthy young woman who presented with symptoms of community-acquired pneumonia and progressed to respiratory failure. Computed tomography of the brain showed infarcts of differing ages. At autopsy, she was found to have widely metastatic cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cerebral tumor emboli with multifocal infarcts, mainly microinfarcts. The second patient is an elderly man with cognitive impairment and mild Parkinsonism who presented with symptoms of a urinary tract infection. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed atrophy and changes suggestive of chronic microvascular ischemic disease. Postmortem examination demonstrated prostatic adenocarcinoma and cerebral tumor emboli with multifocal infarcts. These cases illustrate that this pattern of intracranial metastasis may rarely be a cause of cerebral ischemic lesions and emphasize the importance of thorough pathologic examination of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie Chan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shino Magaki
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA.
| | - Xinhai R Zhang
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Curtis Chin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stanley Greenspan
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Michael Linetsky
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mireille Kattar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Brain Research Institute, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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42
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Levinson S, Tran CH, Barry J, Viker B, Levine MS, Vinters HV, Mathern GW, Cepeda C. Paroxysmal Discharges in Tissue Slices From Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery Patients: Critical Role of GABA B Receptors in the Generation of Ictal Activity. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:54. [PMID: 32265658 PMCID: PMC7099654 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we characterized the effects of bath application of the proconvulsant drug 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) alone or in combination with GABAA and/or GABAB receptor antagonists, in cortical dysplasia (CD type I and CD type IIa/b), tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), and non-CD cortical tissue samples from pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings in current and voltage clamp modes were obtained from cortical pyramidal neurons (CPNs), interneurons, and balloon/giant cells. In pyramidal neurons, bath application of 4-AP produced an increase in spontaneous synaptic activity as well as rhythmic membrane oscillations. In current clamp mode, these oscillations were generally depolarizing or biphasic and were accompanied by increased membrane conductance. In interneurons, membrane oscillations were consistently depolarizing and accompanied by bursts of action potentials. In a subset of balloon/giant cells from CD type IIb and TSC cases, respectively, 4-AP induced very low-amplitude, slow membrane oscillations that echoed the rhythmic oscillations from pyramidal neurons and interneurons. Bicuculline reduced the amplitude of membrane oscillations induced by 4-AP, indicating that they were mediated principally by GABAA receptors. 4-AP alone or in combination with bicuculline increased cortical excitability but did not induce seizure-like discharges. Ictal activity was observed in pyramidal neurons and interneurons from CD and TSC cases only when phaclofen, a GABAB receptor antagonist, was added to the 4-AP and bicuculline solution. These results emphasize the critical and permissive role of GABAB receptors in the transition to an ictal state in pediatric CD tissue and highlight the importance of these receptors as a potential therapeutic target in pediatric epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Levinson
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Conny H Tran
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joshua Barry
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Brett Viker
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael S Levine
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gary W Mathern
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Carlos Cepeda
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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43
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Rao NM, Solano L, Atchaneeyasakul K, Hongquan J, Jeffrey G, Yong WH, Lucey G, Abdaljaleel M, Vinters HV, Szeder V, Jahan R, Tateshima S, Duckwiler GR, Duckwiler G, Nour M, Colby G, Restrepo L, Kim D, Raychev R, Bahr Hosseini M, Hinman JD, Sharma LK, Starkman S, Yavagal DR, Liebeskind DS, Saver JL. Abstract TP7: Association of Retrieved Thrombus Composition With Measures of Thrombectomy Success. Stroke 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.tp7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Emboli retrieved from stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy vastly differ in histopathologic appearance, likely reflecting varying etiologies of stroke. We investigated whether clot components correlated with clinical features and thrombectomy outcomes.
Methods:
Retrieved thrombi from endovascular thrombectomy in consecutive AIS-LVO patients at 2 academic medical centers were fixed in formalin and sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin. The RBC, WBC and fibrin percentages of the clot were quantified by a neuropathologist blinded to the clinical details. We evaluated the association of these clot components, patient demographic and clinical features, with TICI score (both ordinal and dichotomized at 2c), AOL score, number of thrombectomy passes, and first-pass substantial recanalization (≥TICI 2b result on the first thrombectomy device pass). Non-parametric values were computed via Spearman correlation and pairwise interaction of clinical features was analyzed by ordinal logistic regression.
Results:
Among the 75 analyzed patients, mean age was 71.4 (SD 17.7), 50.7% were female and presenting NIHSS mean was 16.1 (SD 7.6). Devices employed were stent retrievers in 71% of patients, aspiration in 10%, and both stent retrievers and aspiration in 19%. Number of passes per procedure was mean 2.16 (SD 1.21). Substantial reperfusion (TICI 2B-3) was achieved in 88% and excellent reperfusion (TICI 2C-3) in 44%. In retrieved thrombi, mean RBC% was 44.8% (SD 31.9) and mean fibrin% was 49.8% (SD 31.4). Rates of first-pass substantial reperfusion, final substantial reperfusion, and final excellent reperfusion were homogenous across wide ranges of retrieved thrombus RBC% and fibrin% in correlation analysis.
Conclusion:
RBC and fibrin composition range widely among retrieved thrombi causing acute ischemic stroke. Current generation thrombectomy devices perform well across a broad range of clot compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiang Hongquan
- The First Affiliated Hosp of Harbin Med Univ, Harbin 150001, China
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44
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Rao NM, Atchaneeyasakul K, Hongquan J, Solano L, Yong WH, Lucey G, Abdaljaleel M, Vinters HV, Szeder V, Jahan R, Tateshima S, Duckwiler GR, Nour M, Colby G, Kim D, Raychev R, Bahr Hosseini M, Hinman JD, Sharma LK, Starkman S, Saver JL, Liebeskind DS. Abstract WP66: Impaired Collaterals Are Associated With Intracranial Thrombus Extension: Evidence From MRI, Catheter Angiography, and Retrieved Thrombus Composition. Stroke 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.wp66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Clot propagation after initial occlusion may increase target thrombus burden and its pathophysiologic basis has not been extensively studied in acute human ischemic stroke. We investigated whether clot characteristics on MRI, catheter angiography, and thrombus histopathology indicated that impaired collaterals may be associated with extension of acute intracranial occlusions via stasis clotting in slow flow arterial segments.
Methods:
Analysis of consecutive AIS-LVO endovascular thrombectomy patients at 2 academic medical centers with: 1) pretreatment MRI, and 2) retrieved thrombi. GRE MR susceptibility vessel sign presence and extent of ASITN collateral scores were rated by blinded assessors. Extracted clots were fixed in formalin, stained by hematoxylin and eosin, and RBC, WBC and fibrin percent composition quantified by a neuropathologist blinded to clinical details. We evaluated the correlation of collateral grade with clot size by susceptibility vessel sign (SVS) and clot composition by RBC%. Non-parametric values were computed via Spearman correlation.
Results:
Among the 48 patients, mean age was 71.4 (SD 17.7), 56.3% female, and mean presenting NIHSS was 15.5 (SD 7.41). A susceptibility vessel sign was present in 65%, with mean SVS length 15.6 mm (SD 8.3). Collateral scores were mean 2.3 (SD 1.2). The number of passes per procedure was mean 1.98 (SD 1.30) The presence of a susceptibility vessel sign correlated with higher RBC% in retrieved thrombi (r
s
=0.36 p=0.011). Worse collateral grades correlated with longer SVS length (r
s
=-0.50 p=0.004) and greater SVS width (r
s
=-0.54 p=0.002). Worse collateral grade also trended toward correlation with higher RBC% in retrieved clots (r
s
=-0.19 p=0.18).
Conclusion:
Impaired angiographic collaterals are associated with longer RBC-rich thrombi on susceptibility imaging and trend toward association with higher RBC% in retrieved thrombi. These findings support that, in LVO acute ischemic stroke, clot propagation after initial occlusion occurs by stasis clotting accelerated by impaired collaterals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiang Hongquan
- The First Affiliated Hosp of Harbin Med Univ, Harbin 150001, China
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45
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Qin M, Wang L, Wu D, Williams CK, Xu D, Kranz E, Guo Q, Guan J, Vinters HV, Lee Y, Xie Y, Luo Y, Sun G, Sun X, He Z, Lu Y, Kamata M, Wen J, Chen ISY. Enhanced Delivery of Rituximab Into Brain and Lymph Nodes Using Timed-Release Nanocapsules in Non-Human Primates. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3132. [PMID: 32047498 PMCID: PMC6996053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis into the central nervous system (CNS) and lymph nodes (LNs) is a major obstacle for effective therapies. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have revolutionized tumor treatment; however, their efficacy for treating metastatic tumors-particularly, CNS and LN metastases-is poor due to inefficient penetration into the CNS and LNs following intravenous injection. We recently reported an effective delivery of mAb to the CNS by encapsulating the anti-CD20 mAb rituximab (RTX) within a thin shell of polymer that contains the analogs of choline and acetylcholine receptors. This encapsulated RTX, denoted as n-RTX, eliminated lymphoma cells systemically in a xenografted humanized mouse model using an immunodeficient mouse as a recipient of human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and fetal thymus more effectively than native RTX; importantly, n-RTX showed notable anti-tumor effect on CNS metastases which is unable to show by native RTX. As an important step toward future clinical translation of this technology, we further analyzed the properties of n-RTX in immunocompetent animals, rats, and non-human primates (NHPs). Our results show that a single intravenous injection of n-RTX resulted in 10-fold greater levels in the CNS and 2-3-fold greater levels in the LNs of RTX, respectively, than the injection of native RTX in both rats and NHPs. In addition, we demonstrate the enhanced delivery and efficient B-cell depletion in lymphoid organs of NHPs with n-RTX. Moreover, detailed hematological analysis and liver enzyme activity tests indicate n-RTX treatment is safe in NHPs. As this nanocapsule platform can be universally applied to other therapeutic mAbs, it holds great promise for extending mAb therapy to poorly accessible body compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology) and Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Duo Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emiko Kranz
- UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qi Guo
- UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,School of Nursing, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jiaoqiong Guan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology) and Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - YooJin Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yiming Xie
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yun Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanlong He
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yunfeng Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Masakazu Kamata
- UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Irvin S Y Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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46
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Sangwan S, Sahay S, Murray KA, Morgan S, Guenther EL, Jiang L, Williams CK, Vinters HV, Goedert M, Eisenberg DS. Inhibition of synucleinopathic seeding by rationally designed inhibitors. eLife 2020; 9:e46775. [PMID: 31895037 PMCID: PMC6977966 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seeding, in the context of amyloid disease, is the sequential transfer of pathogenic protein aggregates from cell-to-cell within affected tissues. The structure of pathogenic seeds provides the molecular basis and enables rapid conversion of soluble protein into fibrils. To date, there are no inhibitors that specifically target seeding of Parkinson's disease (PD)-associated α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrils, in part, due to lack of information of the structural properties of pathological seeds. Here we design small peptidic inhibitors based on the atomic structure of the core of α-syn fibrils. The inhibitors prevent α-syn aggregation in vitro and in cell culture models with binding affinities of 0.5 μM to α-syn fibril seeds. The inhibitors also show efficacy in preventing seeding by human patient-derived α-syn fibrils. Our results suggest that pathogenic seeds of α-syn contain steric zippers and suggest a therapeutic approach targeted at the spread and progression that may be applicable for PD and related synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Sangwan
- Department of Biological ChemistryHoward Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- UCLA-DOE InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Shruti Sahay
- Department of Biological ChemistryHoward Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- UCLA-DOE InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Kevin A Murray
- Department of Biological ChemistryHoward Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- UCLA-DOE InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Sophie Morgan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth L Guenther
- Department of Biological ChemistryHoward Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- UCLA-DOE InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of NeurologyDavid Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Christopher K Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Michel Goedert
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - David S Eisenberg
- Department of Biological ChemistryHoward Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- UCLA-DOE InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
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47
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Cepeda C, Oikonomou KD, Cummings D, Barry J, Yazon VW, Chen DT, Asai J, Williams CK, Vinters HV. Developmental origins of cortical hyperexcitability in Huntington's disease: Review and new observations. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:1624-1635. [PMID: 31353533 PMCID: PMC6801077 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD), an inherited neurodegenerative disorder that principally affects striatum and cerebral cortex, is generally thought to have an adult onset. However, a small percentage of cases develop symptoms before 20 years of age. This juvenile variant suggests that brain development may be altered in HD. Indeed, recent evidence supports an important role of normal huntingtin during embryonic brain development and mutations in this protein cause cortical abnormalities. Functional studies also demonstrated that the cerebral cortex becomes hyperexcitable with disease progression. In this review, we examine clinical and experimental evidence that cortical development is altered in HD. We also provide preliminary evidence that cortical pyramidal neurons from R6/2 mice, a model of juvenile HD, are hyperexcitable and display dysmorphic processes as early as postnatal day 7. Further, some symptomatic mice present with anatomical abnormalities reminiscent of human focal cortical dysplasia, which could explain the occurrence of epileptic seizures in this genetic mouse model and in children with juvenile HD. Finally, we discuss recent treatments aimed at correcting abnormal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cepeda
- IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katerina D. Oikonomou
- IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Damian Cummings
- IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Barry
- IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vannah-Wila Yazon
- IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dickson T. Chen
- IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Janelle Asai
- IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher K. Williams
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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48
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Seidler PM, Boyer DR, Murray KA, Yang TP, Bentzel M, Sawaya MR, Rosenberg G, Cascio D, Williams CK, Newell KL, Ghetti B, DeTure MA, Dickson DW, Vinters HV, Eisenberg DS. Structure-based inhibitors halt prion-like seeding by Alzheimer's disease-and tauopathy-derived brain tissue samples. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:16451-16464. [PMID: 31537646 PMCID: PMC6827308 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD) and tauopathies, tau aggregation accompanies progressive neurodegeneration. Aggregated tau appears to spread between adjacent neurons and adjacent brain regions by prion-like seeding. Hence, inhibitors of this seeding offer a possible route to managing tauopathies. Here, we report the 1.0 Å resolution micro-electron diffraction structure of an aggregation-prone segment of tau with the sequence SVQIVY, present in the cores of patient-derived fibrils from AD and tauopathies. This structure illuminates how distinct interfaces of the parent segment, containing the sequence VQIVYK, foster the formation of distinct structures. Peptide-based fibril-capping inhibitors designed to target the two VQIVYK interfaces blocked proteopathic seeding by patient-derived fibrils. These VQIVYK inhibitors add to a panel of tau-capping inhibitors that targets specific polymorphs of recombinant and patient-derived tau fibrils. Inhibition of seeding initiated by brain tissue extracts differed among donors with different tauopathies, suggesting that particular fibril polymorphs of tau are associated with certain tauopathies. Donors with progressive supranuclear palsy exhibited more variation in inhibitor sensitivity, suggesting that fibrils from these donors were more polymorphic and potentially vary within individual donor brains. Our results suggest that a subset of inhibitors from our panel could be specific for particular disease-associated polymorphs, whereas inhibitors that blocked seeding by extracts from all of the tauopathies tested could be used to broadly inhibit seeding by multiple disease-specific tau polymorphs. Moreover, we show that tau-capping inhibitors can be transiently expressed in HEK293 tau biosensor cells, indicating that nucleic acid-based vectors can be used for inhibitor delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Matthew Seidler
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - David R Boyer
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kevin A Murray
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Tianxiao P Yang
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Megan Bentzel
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Michael R Sawaya
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Gregory Rosenberg
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Duilio Cascio
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Christopher Kazu Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kathy L Newell
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | | | - Michael A DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - David S Eisenberg
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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49
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Denver P, D’Adamo H, Hu S, Zuo X, Zhu C, Okuma C, Kim P, Castro D, Jones MR, Leal C, Mekkittikul M, Ghadishah E, Teter B, Vinters HV, Cole GM, Frautschy SA. A Novel Model of Mixed Vascular Dementia Incorporating Hypertension in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1269. [PMID: 31708792 PMCID: PMC6821690 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mixed dementia (MxD) comprise the majority of dementia cases in the growing global aging population. MxD describes the coexistence of AD pathology with vascular pathology, including cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Cardiovascular disease increases risk for AD and MxD, but mechanistic synergisms between the coexisting pathologies affecting dementia risk, progression and the ultimate clinical manifestations remain elusive. To explore the additive or synergistic interactions between AD and chronic hypertension, we developed a rat model of MxD, produced by breeding APPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenes into the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) background, resulting in the SHRSP/FAD model and three control groups (FAD, SHRSP and non-hypertensive WKY rats, n = 8-11, both sexes, 16-18 months of age). After behavioral testing, rats were euthanized, and tissue assessed for vascular, neuroinflammatory and AD pathology. Hypertension was preserved in the SHRSP/FAD cross. Results showed that SHRSP increased FAD-dependent neuroinflammation (microglia and astrocytes) and tau pathology, but plaque pathology changes were subtle, including fewer plaques with compact cores and slightly reduced plaque burden. Evidence for vascular pathology included a change in the distribution of astrocytic end-foot protein aquaporin-4, normally distributed in microvessels, but in SHRSP/FAD rats largely dissociated from vessels, appearing disorganized or redistributed into neuropil. Other evidence of SVD-like pathology included increased collagen IV staining in cerebral vessels and PECAM1 levels. We identified a plasma biomarker in SHRSP/FAD rats that was the only group to show increased Aqp-4 in plasma exosomes. Evidence of neuron damage in SHRSP/FAD rats included increased caspase-cleaved actin, loss of myelin and reduced calbindin staining in neurons. Further, there were mitochondrial deficits specific to SHRSP/FAD, notably the loss of complex II, accompanying FAD-dependent loss of mitochondrial complex I. Cognitive deficits exhibited by FAD rats were not exacerbated by the introduction of the SHRSP phenotype, nor was the hyperactivity phenotype associated with SHRSP altered by the FAD transgene. This novel rat model of MxD, encompassing an amyloidogenic transgene with a hypertensive phenotype, exhibits several features associated with human vascular or "mixed" dementia and may be a useful tool in delineating the pathophysiology of MxD and development of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Denver
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Heather D’Adamo
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shuxin Hu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xiaohong Zuo
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Cansheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chihiro Okuma
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Peter Kim
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daniel Castro
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mychica R. Jones
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Carmen Leal
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Marisa Mekkittikul
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Elham Ghadishah
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bruce Teter
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gregory Michael Cole
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sally A. Frautschy
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Cepeda C, Levinson S, Nariai H, Yazon VW, Tran C, Barry J, Oikonomou KD, Vinters HV, Fallah A, Mathern GW, Wu JY. Pathological high frequency oscillations associate with increased GABA synaptic activity in pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 134:104618. [PMID: 31629890 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), specifically fast ripples (FRs, >250 Hz), are pathognomonic of an active epileptogenic zone. However, the origin of FRs remains unknown. Here we explored the correlation between FRs recorded with intraoperative pre-resection electrocorticography (ECoG) and spontaneous synaptic activity recorded ex vivo from cortical tissue samples resected for the treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The cohort included 47 children (ages 0.22-9.99 yr) with focal cortical dysplasias (CD types I and II), tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and non-CD pathologies. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings were obtained from pyramidal neurons and interneurons in cortical regions that were positive or negative for pathological HFOs, defined as FR band oscillations (250-500 Hz) at ECoG. The frequency of spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs and IPSCs, respectively) was compared between HFO+ and HFO- regions. Regardless of pathological substrate, regions positive for FRs displayed significantly increased frequencies of sIPSCs compared with regions negative for FRs. In contrast, the frequency of sEPSCs was similar in both regions. In about one third of cases (n = 17), pacemaker GABA synaptic activity (PGA) was observed. In the vast majority (n = 15), PGA occurred in HFO+ areas. Further, fast-spiking interneurons displayed signs of hyperexcitability exclusively in HFO+ areas. These results indicate that, in pediatric epilepsy patients, increased GABA synaptic activity is associated with interictal FRs in the epileptogenic zone and suggest an active role of GABAergic interneurons in the generation of pathological HFOs. Increased GABA synaptic activity could serve to dampen excessive excitability of cortical pyramidal neurons in the epileptogenic zone, but it could also promote neuronal network synchrony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cepeda
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Simon Levinson
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hiroki Nariai
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vannah-Wila Yazon
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Conny Tran
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Barry
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katerina D Oikonomou
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Section of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aria Fallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gary W Mathern
- IDDRC, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joyce Y Wu
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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