1
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Sakurai Y, Kubota N, Takamoto I, Wada N, Aihara M, Hayashi T, Kubota T, Hiraike Y, Sasako T, Nakao H, Aiba A, Chikaoka Y, Kawamura T, Kadowaki T, Yamauchi T. Overexpression of UBE2E2 in Mouse Pancreatic β-Cells Leads to Glucose Intolerance via Reduction of β-Cell Mass. Diabetes 2024; 73:474-489. [PMID: 38064504 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified several gene polymorphisms, including UBE2E2, associated with type 2 diabetes. Although UBE2E2 is one of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes involved in the process of ubiquitin modifications, the pathophysiological roles of UBE2E2 in metabolic dysfunction are not yet understood. Here, we showed upregulated UBE2E2 expression in the islets of a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. The diabetes risk allele of UBE2E2 (rs13094957) in noncoding regions was associated with upregulation of UBE2E2 mRNA in the human pancreas. Although glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was intact in the isolated islets, pancreatic β-cell-specific UBE2E2-transgenic (TG) mice exhibited reduced insulin secretion and decreased β-cell mass. In TG mice, suppressed proliferation of β-cells before the weaning period and while receiving a high-fat diet was accompanied by elevated gene expression levels of p21, resulting in decreased postnatal β-cell mass expansion and compensatory β-cell hyperplasia, respectively. In TG islets, proteomic analysis identified enhanced formation of various types of polyubiquitin chains, accompanied by increased expression of Nedd4 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase. Ubiquitination assays showed that UBE2E2 mediated the elongation of ubiquitin chains by Nedd4. The data suggest that UBE2E2-mediated ubiquitin modifications in β-cells play an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis and β-cell mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Sakurai
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Wada
- Department of Anatomy I, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Aihara
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Hayashi
- Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Institute of Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Hiraike
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sasako
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harumi Nakao
- Laboratory of Animal Resources, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsu Aiba
- Laboratory of Animal Resources, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Chikaoka
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Takeuchi T, Kubota T, Nakanishi Y, Tsugawa H, Suda W, Kwon ATJ, Yazaki J, Ikeda K, Nemoto S, Mochizuki Y, Kitami T, Yugi K, Mizuno Y, Yamamichi N, Yamazaki T, Takamoto I, Kubota N, Kadowaki T, Arner E, Carninci P, Ohara O, Arita M, Hattori M, Koyasu S, Ohno H. Gut microbial carbohydrate metabolism contributes to insulin resistance. Nature 2023; 621:389-395. [PMID: 37648852 PMCID: PMC10499599 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is the primary pathophysiology underlying metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes1,2. Previous metagenomic studies have described the characteristics of gut microbiota and their roles in metabolizing major nutrients in insulin resistance3-9. In particular, carbohydrate metabolism of commensals has been proposed to contribute up to 10% of the host's overall energy extraction10, thereby playing a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and prediabetes3,4,6. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we investigate this relationship using a comprehensive multi-omics strategy in humans. We combine unbiased faecal metabolomics with metagenomics, host metabolomics and transcriptomics data to profile the involvement of the microbiome in insulin resistance. These data reveal that faecal carbohydrates, particularly host-accessible monosaccharides, are increased in individuals with insulin resistance and are associated with microbial carbohydrate metabolisms and host inflammatory cytokines. We identify gut bacteria associated with insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity that show a distinct pattern of carbohydrate metabolism, and demonstrate that insulin-sensitivity-associated bacteria ameliorate host phenotypes of insulin resistance in a mouse model. Our study, which provides a comprehensive view of the host-microorganism relationships in insulin resistance, reveals the impact of carbohydrate metabolism by microbiota, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Takeuchi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan.
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan.
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Institute for Medical Science Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Nakanishi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsugawa
- Metabolome Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Andrew Tae-Jun Kwon
- Laboratory for Applied Regulatory Genomics Network Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Junshi Yazaki
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Shino Nemoto
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Mochizuki
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshimori Kitami
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Yugi
- Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Mizuno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Development Bank of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutake Yamamichi
- Center for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ami Town, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erik Arner
- Laboratory for Applied Regulatory Genomics Network Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Piero Carninci
- Laboratory for Transcriptome Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Fondazione Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Human Biology-Microbiome-Quantum Research Center (WPI-Bio2Q), Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shigeo Koyasu
- Laboratory for Immune Cell Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan.
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan.
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
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3
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Iso H, Cui R, Takamoto I, Kiyama M, Saito I, Okamura T, Miyamoto Y, Higashiyama A, Kiyohara Y, Ninomiya T, Yamada M, Nakagawa H, Sakurai M, Shimabukuro M, Higa M, Shimamoto K, Saito S, Daimon M, Kayama T, Noda M, Ito S, Yokote K, Ito C, Nakao K, Yamauchi T, Kadowaki T. Risk Classification for Metabolic Syndrome and the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in Japan With Low Prevalence of Obesity: A Pooled Analysis of 10 Prospective Cohort Studies. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020760. [PMID: 34796738 PMCID: PMC9075363 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.020760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background It is uncertain whether risk classification under the nationwide program on screening and lifestyle modification for metabolic syndrome captures well high‐risk individuals who could benefit from lifestyle interventions. We examined the validity of risk classification by linking the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods and Results Individual‐level data of 29 288 Japanese individuals aged 40 to 74 years without a history of CVD from 10 prospective cohort studies were used. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of high abdominal obesity and/or overweight plus risk factors such as high blood pressure, high triglyceride or low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and high blood glucose levels. The risk categories for lifestyle intervention were information supply only, motivation‐support intervention, and intensive support intervention. Sex‐ and age‐specific hazard ratios and population attributable fractions of CVD, which were also further adjusted to consider non–high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, were estimated with reference to nonobese/overweight individuals, using Cox proportional hazard regression. Since the reference category included those with risk factors, we set a supernormal group (nonobese/overweight with no risk factor) as another reference. We documented 1023 incident CVD cases (565 men and 458 women). The adjusted CVD risk was 60% to 70% higher in men and women aged 40 to 64 years receiving an intensive support intervention, and 30% higher in women aged 65 to 74 years receiving a motivation‐support intervention, compared with nonobese/overweight individuals. The population attributable fractions in men and women aged 40 to 64 years receiving an intensive support intervention were 17.7% and 6.6%, respectively, while that in women aged 65 to 74 years receiving a motivation‐support intervention was 9.4%. Compared with the supernormal group, nonobese/overweight individuals with risk factors had similar hazard ratios and population attributable fractions as individuals with metabolic syndrome. Conclusions Similar CVD excess and attributable risks among individuals with metabolic syndrome components in the absence and presence of obesity/overweight imply the need for lifestyle modification in both high‐risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health Department of Social Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Public Health Department of Social Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan.,Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology Ichikawa Hospital International University of Health and Welfare Chiba Japan
| | - Masahiko Kiyama
- Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Osaka Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Oita University Oita Japan
| | - Tomonori Okamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyamoto
- Preventive Cardiology National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Osaka Japan
| | - Aya Higashiyama
- Preventive Cardiology National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Osaka Japan
| | - Yutaka Kiyohara
- Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Diseases Fukuoka Japan.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Graduate School of Medicine Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Graduate School of Medicine Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Michiko Yamada
- Department of Clinical Studies Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakagawa
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine Kanazawa Medical University Ishikawa Japan
| | - Masaru Sakurai
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine Kanazawa Medical University Ishikawa Japan
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan
| | - Moritake Higa
- Diabetes and Life-Style Related Disease Center Tomishiro Central Hospital Okinawa Japan
| | | | | | - Makoto Daimon
- Global Center of Excellence Program Study Group Yamagata University School of Medicine Yamagata Japan.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Aomori Japan
| | - Takamasa Kayama
- Department of Advanced Medicine Yamagata University School of Medicine Yamagata Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Noda
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology Ichikawa Hospital International University of Health and Welfare Chiba Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Ito
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine Department of Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Miyagi Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Chikako Ito
- Grand Tower Medical Court Life Care Clinic Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Medical Innovation Center Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan.,President Tranomon Hospital Tokyo Japan
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4
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Hayashi T, Kubota T, Mariko I, Takamoto I, Aihara M, Sakurai Y, Wada N, Miki T, Yamauchi T, Kubota N, Kadowaki T. Lack of Brain Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Causes Growth Retardation, With Decreased Expression of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone in the Hypothalamus. Diabetes 2021; 70:1640-1653. [PMID: 33980693 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrate-1 (Irs1) is one of the major substrates for insulin receptor and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor tyrosine kinases. Systemic Irs1-deficient mice show growth retardation, with resistance to insulin and IGF-1, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. For this study, we generated mice with brain-specific deletion of Irs1 (NIrs1KO mice). The NIrs1KO mice exhibited lower body weights, shorter bodies and bone lengths, and decreased bone density. Moreover, the NIrs1KO mice exhibited increased insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization in the skeletal muscle. Although the ability of the pituitary to secrete growth hormone (GH) remained intact, the amount of hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) was significantly decreased and, accordingly, the pituitary GH mRNA expression levels were impaired in these mice. Plasma GH and IGF-1 levels were also lower in the NIrs1KO mice. The expression levels of GHRH protein in the median eminence, where Irs1 antibody staining is observed, were markedly decreased in the NIrs1KO mice. In vitro, neurite elongation after IGF-1 stimulation was significantly impaired by Irs1 downregulation in the cultured N-38 hypothalamic neurons. In conclusion, brain Irs1 plays important roles in the regulation of neurite outgrowth of GHRH neurons, somatic growth, and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Hayashi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Institute of Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Inoue Mariko
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Aihara
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sakurai
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Wada
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Miki
- Department of Medical Physiology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Aihara M, Kubota N, Minami T, Shirakawa R, Sakurai Y, Hayashi T, Iwamoto M, Takamoto I, Kubota T, Suzuki R, Usami S, Jinnouchi H, Aihara M, Yamauchi T, Sakata T, Kadowaki T. Association between tear and blood glucose concentrations: Random intercept model adjusted with confounders in tear samples negative for occult blood. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:266-276. [PMID: 32621777 PMCID: PMC7858102 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION To prevent diabetic complications, strict glucose control and frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels with invasive methods are necessary. We considered the monitoring of tear glucose levels might be a possible method for non-invasive glucose monitoring. To develop tear glucose monitoring for clinical application, we investigated the precise correlation between the blood and tear glucose concentrations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 10 participants and 20 participants with diabetes were admitted, and blood and tear samples were collected. Before statistical analysis, we eliminated tear samples contaminated with blood. We observed the daily blood and tear glucose dynamics, and carried out a random intercept model analysis to examine the association between the blood and tear glucose concentrations. RESULTS Tear occult blood tests showed that the tear glucose concentrations and their variation increased in both participants with and without diabetes as contamination of blood increased. In both participants with and without diabetes, fluctuations of the plasma glucose concentrations were observed depending on the timing of collection of the samples, and the dynamics of the tear glucose concentrations paralleled those of the plasma glucose concentrations. The random intercept model analysis showed a significant association between the plasma and tear glucose concentrations in participants with diabetes (P < 0.001). This association still existed even after adjusting for the glycated hemoglobin levels and the prandial state (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS It is important to eliminate the tear samples contaminated with blood. Tear glucose monitoring might be a reliable and non-invasive substitute method for monitoring the blood glucose concentrations for diabetes patients, irrespective of glycated hemoglobin levels and timing of sample collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Aihara
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition TherapyThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Clinical Nutrition ProgramNational Institute of Health and NutritionTokyoJapan
- Laboratory for Metabolic HomeostasisRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical SciencesKanagawaJapan
| | - Takahiro Minami
- Department of OphthalmologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Rika Shirakawa
- Department of OphthalmologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshitaka Sakurai
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Takanori Hayashi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Clinical Nutrition ProgramNational Institute of Health and NutritionTokyoJapan
| | - Masahiko Iwamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyNerima Hikarigaoka HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Clinical Nutrition ProgramNational Institute of Health and NutritionTokyoJapan
- Laboratory for Metabolic HomeostasisRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical SciencesKanagawaJapan
- Analysis Tool Development GroupIntestinal Microbiota ProjectKanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and TechnologyKanagawaJapan
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineToho University Ohashi Medical CenterTokyoJapan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Satoshi Usami
- Graduate School of EducationThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | | | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of OphthalmologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Toshiya Sakata
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Provigate IncTokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle‐Related DiseasesGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Metabolism and NutritionFaculty of MedicineMizonokuchi HospitalTeikyo UniversityKanagawaJapan
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6
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Abe-Doi M, Oe M, Murayama R, Takahashi M, Zushi Y, Tanabe H, Takamoto I, Suzuki R, Yamauchi T, Kadowaki T, Komiyama C, Sanada H. Development of an Automatic Puncturing and Sampling System for a Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose Device. Diabetes Technol Ther 2017; 19:651-659. [PMID: 29024607 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2017.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Performing self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is a clinical challenge for elderly people with low dexterity. An all-in-one-type SMBG device that can simply and easily puncture and monitor would be useful for them. We developed an automatic skin-puncturing and blood-sampling (APS) system for introducing of an all-in-one-type SMBG device. The aims of this study were to determine if the developed APS system, which has automatic puncturing, squeezing, and application functions, could provide sufficient blood sample volumes for SMBG and to determine the factors associated with failure in the use of the system by adult volunteers. METHODS We investigated the success rate of obtaining a 0.8-μL sample volume using the APS system and determined the factors associated with failure in 140 adult volunteers. The participant characteristics, induration of puncturing sites, and states of finger grip conditions were evaluated as factors of a puncturing failure. The participant characteristics, skin hydration, states of finger grip, skin elasticity of the finger pad, and blood flow were evaluated as factors of a squeezing failure. RESULTS The success rate was 61.9%. Puncturing failure was 21.6%, and squeezing failure was 16.5%. Automatic puncturing factors associated with failure were male sex, larger finger diameter, and thicker finger pad. The only squeezing failure factor was lower peripheral skin temperature. CONCLUSIONS Improvement of the finger station groove shape to prevent ischemia and the squeezing angle would be useful developments of the all-in-one-type SMBG device for elderly people with decreased dexterity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Abe-Doi
- 1 Department of Advanced Nursing Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
- 2 Global Nursing Research Center, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Oe
- 2 Global Nursing Research Center, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Murayama
- 1 Department of Advanced Nursing Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
- 2 Global Nursing Research Center, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- 2 Global Nursing Research Center, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hidenori Tanabe
- 1 Department of Advanced Nursing Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
- 3 Terumo R&D Center , Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- 4 Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- 4 Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- 4 Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- 4 Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chieko Komiyama
- 5 Department of Nursing, The University of Tokyo Hospital , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sanada
- 2 Global Nursing Research Center, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
- 6 Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Sasaki M, Sasako T, Kubota N, Sakurai Y, Takamoto I, Kubota T, Inagi R, Seki G, Goto M, Ueki K, Nangaku M, Jomori T, Kadowaki T. Dual Regulation of Gluconeogenesis by Insulin and Glucose in the Proximal Tubules of the Kidney. Diabetes 2017. [PMID: 28630133 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Growing attention has been focused on the roles of the proximal tubules (PTs) of the kidney in glucose metabolism, including the mechanism of regulation of gluconeogenesis. In this study, we found that PT-specific insulin receptor substrate 1/2 double-knockout mice, established by using the newly generated sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2)-Cre transgenic mice, exhibited impaired insulin signaling and upregulated gluconeogenic gene expression and renal gluconeogenesis, resulting in systemic insulin resistance. In contrast, in streptozotocin-treated mice, although insulin action was impaired in the PTs, the gluconeogenic gene expression was unexpectedly downregulated in the renal cortex, which was restored by administration of an SGLT1/2 inhibitor. In the HK-2 cells, the gluconeogenic gene expression was suppressed by insulin, accompanied by phosphorylation and inactivation of forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FoxO1). In contrast, glucose deacetylated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC1α), a coactivator of FoxO1, via sirtuin 1, suppressing the gluconeogenic gene expression, which was reversed by inhibition of glucose reabsorption. These data suggest that both insulin signaling and glucose reabsorption suppress the gluconeogenic gene expression by inactivation of FoxO1 and PGC1α, respectively, providing insight into novel mechanisms underlying the regulation of gluconeogenesis in the PTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Sasaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., Mie, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sasako
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sakurai
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Moritaka Goto
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., Mie, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahito Jomori
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., Mie, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Masamoto Y, Arai S, Sato T, Kubota N, Takamoto I, Kadowaki T, Kurokawa M. Adiponectin Enhances Quiescence Exit of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Hematopoietic Recovery Through mTORC1 Potentiation. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1835-1848. [PMID: 28480607 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Myelotoxic injury, such as chemotherapeutic agents and ionizing radiation, unlocks the vigorous power of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to replenish the hematopoietic system, making quiescent HSCs enter the cell cycle. Considering that both HSC-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms enforce quiescence of HSCs, the drastic change in bone marrow (BM) environment after injury, represented by massive expansion of BM adipocytes, might trigger HSC activation. BM adipocytes, the major cellular component in the ablated marrow, however, reportedly suppress proliferation of hematopoietic cells, which may indicate the BM adipocytogenesis is an irrational response of injured organism. Given that adipose tissue is an endocrine organ with pleiotropic functions, we hypothesized that adipocyte-derived factors, especially adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine involved in regulation of granulopoiesis, are implicated in HSC activation. Myeloablative intervention increased BM adiponectin by multiple mechanisms, including adipocyte expansion and increased diffusion from the blood. Adiponectin-null (Adipoq -/- ) mice showed delayed hematopoietic recovery after BM injury, with Adipoq-/- HSCs more quiescent and defective in mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation. Recombinant adiponectin promoted not only HSC activation in vivo but cytokine-induced activation in vitro, and shortened the time for exit from quiescence in an mTORC1-dependent manner. These data illustrate a scarcely-reported example of a cell-extrinsic factor, adiponectin, enhancing quiescence exit of HSCs, and subsequent hematopoietic recovery. Our findings also highlight adipocytes as a source of adiponectin to ensure the proliferative burst of hematopoietic cells in ablated marrow. Stem Cells 2017;35:1835-1848.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Masamoto
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Transfusion Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunya Arai
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sato
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Transfusion Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineo Kurokawa
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Fujiwara T, Takamoto I, Amemiya A, Hanazato M, Suzuki N, Nagamine Y, Sasaki Y, Tani Y, Yazawa A, Inoue Y, Shirai K, Shobugawa Y, Kondo N, Kondo K. Is a hilly neighborhood environment associated with diabetes mellitus among older people? Results from the JAGES 2010 study. Soc Sci Med 2017; 182:45-51. [PMID: 28412640 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although living in a hilly environment may promote muscular activity in the daily lives of residents, and such activity may prevent diabetes mellitus, few studies have focused on the impact of living in a hilly environment on diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a hilly neighborhood environment on DM in older people. METHODS We used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a population-based, cross-sectional study of individuals aged 65 or older without long-term care needs in Japan, which was conducted in 2010. A total of 8904 participants in 46 neighborhoods had responded to the questionnaire and undergone a health check. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed as HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and those undergoing treatment for diabetes mellitus. Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in those without other chronic diseases who had an HbA1c > 7.5%, and in those with other chronic diseases if their HbA1c was >8.0%. Neighborhood environment was evaluated based on the percentage of positive responses in the questionnaire and geographical information system data. A multilevel analysis was performed, adjusted for individual-level risk factors. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was conducted for those who were undergoing treatment for diabetes mellitus (n = 1007). RESULTS After adjustment for other physical environmental and individual covariates, a 1 interquartile range increase (1.48°) in slope in the neighborhood decreased the risk of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus by 18% (odds ratio [OR]: 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70-0.97). Sensitivity analysis confirmed that larger slopes in the neighborhood showed a significant protective effect against diabetes mellitus among those who were undergoing treatment for diabetes mellitus (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.59-0.90). CONCLUSION A hilly neighborhood environment was not associated with diabetes mellitus, but was protective against poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Airi Amemiya
- Department of Social Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hanazato
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Norimichi Suzuki
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuiko Nagamine
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuri Sasaki
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Yazawa
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Carolina Population Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Department of Human Sciences, School of Law and Letters, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan; Department of Gerontology and Evaluation Study, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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10
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Sato H, Kubota N, Kubota T, Takamoto I, Iwayama K, Tokuyama K, Moroi M, Sugi K, Nakaya K, Goto M, Jomori T, Kadowaki T. Anagliptin increases insulin-induced skeletal muscle glucose uptake via an NO-dependent mechanism in mice. Diabetologia 2016; 59:2426-2434. [PMID: 27525648 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Recently, incretin-related agents have been reported to attenuate insulin resistance in animal models, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether anagliptin, the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, attenuates skeletal muscle insulin resistance through endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation in the endothelial cells. We used endothelium-specific Irs2-knockout (ETIrs2KO) mice, which show skeletal muscle insulin resistance resulting from a reduction of insulin-induced skeletal muscle capillary recruitment as a consequence of impaired eNOS activation. METHODS In vivo, 8-week-old male ETIrs2KO mice were fed regular chow with or without 0.3% (wt/wt) DPP-4 inhibitor for 8 weeks to assess capillary recruitment and glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle. In vitro, human coronary arterial endothelial cells (HCAECs) were used to explore the effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) on eNOS activity. RESULTS Treatment with anagliptin ameliorated the impaired insulin-induced increase in capillary blood volume, interstitial insulin concentration and skeletal muscle glucose uptake in ETIrs2KO mice. This improvement in insulin-induced glucose uptake was almost completely abrogated by the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist exendin-(9-39). Moreover, the increase in capillary blood volume with anagliptin treatment was also completely inhibited by the NOS inhibitor. GLP-1 augmented eNOS phosphorylation in HCAECs, with the effect completely disappearing after exposure to the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89. These data suggest that anagliptin treatment enhances insulin-induced capillary recruitment and interstitial insulin concentrations, resulting in improved skeletal muscle glucose uptake by directly acting on the endothelial cells via NO- and GLP-1-dependent mechanisms in vivo. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Anagliptin may be a promising agent to ameliorate skeletal muscle insulin resistance in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Sato
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
- Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kaito Iwayama
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tokuyama
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masao Moroi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sugi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keizo Nakaya
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, Mie, Japan
| | - Moritaka Goto
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, Mie, Japan
| | - Takahito Jomori
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, Mie, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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11
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Fujishiro M, Izumida Y, Takemiya S, Kuwano Y, Takamoto I, Suzuki R, Yamauchi T, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. A case of insulin allergy successfully managed using multihexamer-forming insulin degludec combined with liraglutide. Diabet Med 2016; 33:e26-e29. [PMID: 26485621 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin allergy, one of insulin's adverse effects, is rare, especially in patients with Type 2 diabetes, but management is difficult and no effective strategy has yet been established. We experienced an insulin allergy case successfully managed with a novel combination of insulins. CASE REPORT A 38-year-old woman started insulin therapy when diabetes was diagnosed at age 19 years. Despite poorly controlled diabetes because of poor adherence, she hoped to conceive a child and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion was introduced using insulin aspart at age 32 years. One month thereafter, she developed skin reactions at the subcutaneous insulin infusion catheter insertion site. The patient was then tested for all rapid-acting insulin formulations, all of which triggered local reactions. She decided to continue the continuous subcutaneous infusion of human regular insulin, accompanied by oral cetirizine hydrochloride and betamethasone valerate ointment. The patient was admitted to our hospital at age 38 years with high HbA1c levels. She was tested for all long-acting insulin analogues. All results, except for insulin degludec, were positive. She discontinued continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and switched to insulin degludec combined with liraglutide. The allergic reactions had completely disappeared and her blood glucose was well controlled by the time of discharge. CONCLUSION Our patient was allergic to all insulin formulations except insulin degludec. Her allergic reactions completely disappeared after switching to insulin degludec. The crystallized structure of this insulin might mask its skin allergen antigenicity. Furthermore, her postprandial hyperglycaemia was successfully controlled with liraglutide. We propose multihexamer-forming ultra-long-acting insulin plus glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues as a therapeutic option for patients with insulin allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fujishiro
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Y Izumida
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Takemiya
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kuwano
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Suzuki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Ueki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Kubota N, Kubota T, Kajiwara E, Iwamura T, Kumagai H, Watanabe T, Inoue M, Takamoto I, Sasako T, Kumagai K, Kohjima M, Nakamuta M, Moroi M, Sugi K, Noda T, Terauchi Y, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Differential hepatic distribution of insulin receptor substrates causes selective insulin resistance in diabetes and obesity. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12977. [PMID: 27708333 PMCID: PMC5059684 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic insulin signalling involves insulin receptor substrates (Irs) 1/2, and is normally associated with the inhibition of gluconeogenesis and activation of lipogenesis. In diabetes and obesity, insulin no longer suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis, while continuing to activate lipogenesis, a state referred to as 'selective insulin resistance'. Here, we show that 'selective insulin resistance' is caused by the differential expression of Irs1 and Irs2 in different zones of the liver. We demonstrate that hepatic Irs2-knockout mice develop 'selective insulin resistance', whereas mice lacking in Irs1, or both Irs1 and Irs2, develop 'total insulin resistance'. In obese diabetic mice, Irs1/2-mediated insulin signalling is impaired in the periportal zone, which is the primary site of gluconeogenesis, but enhanced in the perivenous zone, which is the primary site of lipogenesis. While hyperinsulinaemia reduces Irs2 expression in both the periportal and perivenous zones, Irs1 expression, which is predominantly in the perivenous zone, remains mostly unaffected. These data suggest that 'selective insulin resistance' is induced by the differential distribution, and alterations of hepatic Irs1 and Irs2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 162-8636, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 162-8636, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Eiji Kajiwara
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomokatsu Iwamura
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kumagai
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Taku Watanabe
- First Department of Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8648, Japan
| | - Mariko Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 162-8636, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 162-8636, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sasako
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | | | - Motoyuki Kohjima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka 810-8563, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakamuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka 810-8563, Japan
| | - Masao Moroi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sugi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Noda
- Department of Cell Biology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research-Cancer Institute, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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13
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Kubota T, Kubota N, Sato H, Inoue M, Kumagai H, Iwamura T, Takamoto I, Kobayashi T, Moroi M, Terauchi Y, Tobe K, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Pioglitazone Ameliorates Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in Cuff-Induced Neointimal Formation by Both Adiponectin-Dependent and -Independent Pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34707. [PMID: 27703271 PMCID: PMC5050439 DOI: 10.1038/srep34707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to elucidate to what degree adiponectin is involved in TZD-mediated amelioration of neointimal formation. We investigated the effect of 3- or 8-weeks' pioglitazone on cuff-induced neointimal formation in adiponectin-deficient (APN-KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Pioglitazone for 3 weeks reduced neointimal formation in the WT mice with upregulation of the plasma adiponectin levels, but failed to reduce neointimal formation in the APN-KO mice, suggesting that pioglitazone suppressed neointimal formation by adiponectin-dependent mechanisms. Pioglitazone for 3 weeks suppressed vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and increased AdipoR2 expression in the WT mice. In vitro, globular adiponectin activated AMPK through both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, resulting in the inhibition of VSMC proliferation. Interestingly, 8-weeks' pioglitazone was reduced neointimal formation in APN-KO mice to degree similar to that seen in the WT mice, suggesting that pioglitazone can also suppress neointimal formation via a mechanism independent of adiponectin. Pioglitazone for 8 weeks completely abrogated the increased VSMC proliferation, along with a reduction of cyclin B1 and cyclin D1 expressions and cardiovascular risk profile in the APN-KO mice. In vitro, pioglitazone suppressed these expressions, leading to inhibition of VSMC proliferation. Pioglitazone suppresses neointimal formation via both adiponectin-dependent and adiponectin-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sato
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mariko Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kumagai
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomokatsu Iwamura
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Masao Moroi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Takamoto I. [113th Scientific Meeting of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine: Presidential Lecture: Panel Discussion: Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2016; 105:1648-1653. [PMID: 30169927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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15
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Masamoto Y, Arai S, Sato T, Yoshimi A, Kubota N, Takamoto I, Iwakura Y, Yoshimura A, Kadowaki T, Kurokawa M. Adiponectin Enhances Antibacterial Activity of Hematopoietic Cells by Suppressing Bone Marrow Inflammation. Immunity 2016; 44:1422-33. [PMID: 27317261 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been shown to increase the morbidity of infections, however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that obesity caused adiponectin deficiency in the bone marrow (BM), which led to an inflamed BM characterized by increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production from bone marrow macrophages. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) chronically exposed to excessive TNF in obese marrow aberrantly expressed cytokine signaling suppressor SOCS3, impairing JAK-STAT mediated signal transduction and cytokine-driven cell proliferation. Accordingly, both obese and adiponectin-deficient mice showed attenuated clearance of infected Listeria monocytogenes, indicating that obesity or loss of adiponectin is critical for exacerbation of infection. Adiponectin treatment restored the defective HSPC proliferation and bacterial clearance of obese and adiponectin-deficient mice, affirming the importance of adiponectin against infection. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that obesity impairs hematopoietic response against infections through a TNF-SOCS3-STAT3 axis, highlighting adiponectin as a legitimate target against obesity-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Masamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Transfusion Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shunya Arai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sato
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Transfusion Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Akihide Yoshimi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Division of Experimental Animal Immunology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mineo Kurokawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
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16
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Obata A, Kubota N, Kubota T, Iwamoto M, Sato H, Sakurai Y, Takamoto I, Katsuyama H, Suzuki Y, Fukazawa M, Ikeda S, Iwayama K, Tokuyama K, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Tofogliflozin Improves Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle and Accelerates Lipolysis in Adipose Tissue in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:1029-42. [PMID: 26713783 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have attracted attention as they exert antidiabetic and antiobesity effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of tofogliflozin on glucose homeostasis and its metabolic consequences and clarified the underlying molecular mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were fed normal chow containing tofogliflozin (0.005%) for 20 weeks or a high-fat diet containing tofogliflozin (0.005%) for 8 weeks ad libitum. In addition, the animals were pair-fed in relation to controls to exclude the influence of increased food intake. Tofogliflozin reduced the body weight gain, mainly because of fat mass reduction associated with a diminished adipocyte size. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were ameliorated. The serum levels of nonesterified fatty acid and ketone bodies were increased and the respiratory quotient was decreased in the tofogliflozin-treated mice, suggesting the acceleration of lipolysis in the white adipose tissue and hepatic β-oxidation. In fact, the phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and the adipose triglyceride lipase protein levels in the white adipose tissue as well as the gene expressions related to β-oxidation, such as Cpt1α in the liver, were significantly increased. The hepatic triglyceride contents and the expression levels of lipogenic genes were decreased. Pair-fed mice exhibited almost the same results as mice fed an high-fat diet ad libitum. Moreover, a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp revealed that tofogliflozin improved insulin resistance by increasing glucose uptake, especially in the skeletal muscle, in pair-fed mice. Taken together, these results suggest tofogliflozin ameliorates insulin resistance and obesity by increasing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and lipolysis in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Obata
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Masahiko Iwamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sato
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sakurai
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Katsuyama
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Masanori Fukazawa
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Sachiya Ikeda
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kaito Iwayama
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tokuyama
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (A.O., N.K., T.Ku., M.I., H.S., Y.Sa., I.T., H.K., K.U., T.Ka.), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (N.K., T.Ka.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Clinical Nutrition Program (N.K., T.Ku.), National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis (N.K., T.Ku.), Research Center of Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.Ku.), Toho University, Ohashi Hospital, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan; Research Division (Y.Su., M.F., S.I.), Chugai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan; and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science (K.I., K.T.), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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Nakatsu D, Horiuchi Y, Kano F, Noguchi Y, Sugawara T, Takamoto I, Kubota N, Kadowaki T, Murata M. L-cysteine reversibly inhibits glucose-induced biphasic insulin secretion and ATP production by inactivating PKM2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E1067-76. [PMID: 25713368 PMCID: PMC4364213 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1417197112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increase in the concentration of plasma L-cysteine is closely associated with defective insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, which results in type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we investigated the effects of prolonged L-cysteine treatment on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from mouse insulinoma 6 (MIN6) cells and from mouse pancreatic islets, and found that the treatment reversibly inhibited glucose-induced ATP production and resulting GSIS without affecting proinsulin and insulin synthesis. Comprehensive metabolic analyses using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed that prolonged L-cysteine treatment decreased the levels of pyruvate and its downstream metabolites. In addition, methyl pyruvate, a membrane-permeable form of pyruvate, rescued L-cysteine-induced inhibition of GSIS. Based on these results, we found that both in vitro and in MIN6 cells, L-cysteine specifically inhibited the activity of pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 (PKM2), an isoform of pyruvate kinases that catalyze the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. L-cysteine also induced PKM2 subunit dissociation (tetramers to dimers/monomers) in cells, which resulted in impaired glucose-induced ATP production for GSIS. DASA-10 (NCGC00181061, a substituted N,N'-diarylsulfonamide), a specific activator for PKM2, restored the tetramer formation and the activity of PKM2, glucose-induced ATP production, and biphasic insulin secretion in L-cysteine-treated cells. Collectively, our results demonstrate that impaired insulin secretion due to exposure to L-cysteine resulted from its direct binding and inactivation of PKM2 and suggest that PKM2 is a potential therapeutic target for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Nakatsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Yuta Horiuchi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Fumi Kano
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Noguchi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Taichi Sugawara
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; and Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Turumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan;
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18
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Hashimoto S, Kubota N, Sato H, Sasaki M, Takamoto I, Kubota T, Nakaya K, Noda M, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Insulin receptor substrate-2 (Irs2) in endothelial cells plays a crucial role in insulin secretion. Diabetes 2015; 64:876-86. [PMID: 25277391 DOI: 10.2337/db14-0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells are considered to be essential for normal pancreatic β-cell function. The current study attempted to demonstrate the role of insulin receptor substrate-2 (Irs2) in endothelial cells with regard to insulin secretion. Endothelial cell-specific Irs2 knockout (ETIrs2KO) mice exhibited impaired glucose-induced, arginine-induced, and glucagon-induced insulin secretion and showed glucose intolerance. In batch incubation and perifusion experiments using isolated islets, glucose-induced insulin secretion was not significantly different between the control and the ETIrs2KO mice. In contrast, in perfusion experiments, glucose-induced insulin secretion was significantly impaired in the ETIrs2KO mice. The islet blood flow was significantly impaired in the ETIrs2KO mice. After the treatment of these knockout mice with enalapril maleate, which improved the islet blood flow, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was almost completely restored to levels equal to those in the control mice. These data suggest that Irs2 deletion in endothelial cells leads to a decreased islet blood flow, which may cause impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion. Thus, Irs2 in endothelial cells may serve as a novel therapeutic target for preventing and ameliorating type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Hashimoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (TSBMI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, Rikagaku Kenkyusho (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sato
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Sasaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (TSBMI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, Rikagaku Kenkyusho (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keizo Nakaya
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Noda
- Department of Diabetes Research, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (TSBMI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (TSBMI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Clinical Nutrition Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
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Katsuyama H, Kubota N, Kubota T, Haraguchi M, Obata A, Takamoto I, Shigematsu K, Miyata T, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Effects of beraprost sodium, an oral prostacyclin analog, on insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13340-014-0169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Takamoto I, Kubota N, Nakaya K, Kumagai K, Hashimoto S, Kubota T, Inoue M, Kajiwara E, Katsuyama H, Obata A, Sakurai Y, Iwamoto M, Kitamura T, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. TCF7L2 in mouse pancreatic beta cells plays a crucial role in glucose homeostasis by regulating beta cell mass. Diabetologia 2014; 57:542-53. [PMID: 24317852 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Common genetic variations of the transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (encoded by TCF7L2), one of the T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor transcription factors for the converging wingless-type MMTV integration site family (Wnt)/β-catenin signalling pathway, are known to be associated with type 2 diabetes. Individuals with at-risk alleles of TCF7L2 exhibit impaired insulin secretion. Although previous studies using animal models have revealed the existence of a relationship between the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway and glucose homeostasis, it remains unclear whether TCF7L2 in the pancreatic beta cells might be causally involved in insulin secretion in vivo. In this study, we investigated the role of TCF7L2 expressed in the pancreatic beta cells in glucose homeostasis. METHODS Three independent groups of genetically engineered mice (DN mice) were generated, in which expression of the dominant-negative form of Tcf7l2 was driven under a rat insulin promoter. Phenotypes of both adult and newborn mice were evaluated. The levels of genes and proteins expressed in isolated islets were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS Adult DN mice showed impaired glucose tolerance and decreased insulin secretion in both oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests. Marked reduction of the beta cell area and whole-pancreas insulin content was observed in both the adult and newborn DN mice. Islets from the DN mice showed decreased gene expressions of Ccnd1, Ccnd2, Irs1, Irs2, Ins1, Ins2 and Mafa, consistent with the deleterious effects of the dominant-negative form of Tcf7l2 on beta cell proliferation and insulin production. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION TCF7L2 expressed in the pancreatic beta cells plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism through regulation of the beta cell mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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21
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Nakaya K, Kubota N, Takamoto I, Kubota T, Katsuyama H, Sato H, Tokuyama K, Hashimoto S, Goto M, Jomori T, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor anagliptin ameliorates diabetes in mice with haploinsufficiency of glucokinase on a high-fat diet. Metabolism 2013; 62:939-51. [PMID: 23790528 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. DPP-4 inhibitors have attracted attention as a new class of anti-diabetic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the effects of anagliptin, a highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor, on insulin secretion and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice with haploinsufficiency of glucokinase (GckKO) as animal models of type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS/METHODS Wild-type and GckKO mice were administered two doses of anagliptin by dietary admixture (0.05% and 0.3%) for 10weeks. RESULTS Both doses of anagliptin significantly inhibited the plasma DPP-4 activity and increased the plasma active GLP-1 levels in both the wild-type and GckKO mice to a similar degree. After 10weeks of treatment with 0.3% anagliptin, body weight gain and food intake were significantly suppressed in both wild-type and GckKO mice. In addition, 0.3% anagliptin ameliorated insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in both genotypes of mice. On the other hand, treatment with 0.05% anagliptin was not associated with any significant change of the body weight, food intake or insulin sensitivity in either genotype of mice, but it did improve the glucose tolerance by enhancing insulin secretion and increasing the β-cell mass in both genotypes of mice. CONCLUSIONS High-dose anagliptin treatment improved glucose tolerance by suppression of body weight gain and amelioration of insulin resistance, whereas low-dose anagliptin treatment improved glucose tolerance by enhancing insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Nakaya
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Shojima N, Hara K, Fujita H, Horikoshi M, Takahashi N, Takamoto I, Ohsugi M, Aburatani H, Noda M, Kubota N, Yamauchi T, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Depletion of homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 3 impairs insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in mice. Diabetologia 2012; 55:3318-30. [PMID: 22983607 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Insufficient insulin secretion and reduced pancreatic beta cell mass are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes. Here, we focused on a family of serine-threonine kinases known as homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs). HIPKs are implicated in the modulation of Wnt signalling, which plays a crucial role in transcriptional activity, and in pancreas development and maintenance. The aim of the present study was to characterise the role of HIPKs in glucose metabolism. METHODS We used RNA interference to characterise the role of HIPKs in regulating insulin secretion and transcription activity. We conducted RT-PCR and western blot analyses to analyse the expression and abundance of HIPK genes and proteins in the islets of high-fat diet-fed mice. Glucose-induced insulin secretion and beta cell proliferation were measured in islets from Hipk3 ( -/- ) mice, which have impaired glucose tolerance owing to an insulin secretion deficiency. The abundance of pancreatic duodenal homeobox (PDX)-1 and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β phosphorylation in Hipk3 ( -/- ) islets was determined by immunohistology and western blot analyses. RESULTS We found that HIPKs regulate insulin secretion and transcription activity. Hipk3 expression was most significantly increased in the islets of high-fat diet-fed mice. Furthermore, glucose-induced insulin secretion and beta cell proliferation were decreased in the islets of Hipk3 ( -/- ) mice. Levels of PDX1 and GSK-3β phosphorylation were significantly decreased in Hipk3 ( -/- ) islets. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Depletion of HIPK3 impairs insulin secretion and glucose tolerance. Decreased levels of HIPK3 may play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shojima
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Kubota T, Kubota N, Kumagai H, Yamaguchi S, Kozono H, Takahashi T, Inoue M, Itoh S, Takamoto I, Sasako T, Kumagai K, Kawai T, Hashimoto S, Kobayashi T, Sato M, Tokuyama K, Nishimura S, Tsunoda M, Ide T, Murakami K, Yamazaki T, Ezaki O, Kawamura K, Masuda H, Moroi M, Sugi K, Oike Y, Shimokawa H, Yanagihara N, Tsutsui M, Terauchi Y, Tobe K, Nagai R, Kamata K, Inoue K, Kodama T, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Impaired insulin signaling in endothelial cells reduces insulin-induced glucose uptake by skeletal muscle. Cell Metab 2011; 13:294-307. [PMID: 21356519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In obese patients with type 2 diabetes, insulin delivery to and insulin-dependent glucose uptake by skeletal muscle are delayed and impaired. The mechanisms underlying the delay and impairment are unclear. We demonstrate that impaired insulin signaling in endothelial cells, due to reduced Irs2 expression and insulin-induced eNOS phosphorylation, causes attenuation of insulin-induced capillary recruitment and insulin delivery, which in turn reduces glucose uptake by skeletal muscle. Moreover, restoration of insulin-induced eNOS phosphorylation in endothelial cells completely reverses the reduction in capillary recruitment and insulin delivery in tissue-specific knockout mice lacking Irs2 in endothelial cells and fed a high-fat diet. As a result, glucose uptake by skeletal muscle is restored in these mice. Taken together, our results show that insulin signaling in endothelial cells plays a pivotal role in the regulation of glucose uptake by skeletal muscle. Furthermore, improving endothelial insulin signaling may serve as a therapeutic strategy for ameliorating skeletal muscle insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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24
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Takamoto I, Kadowaki T. [Treatment of diabetes mellitus with oral hypoglycemic agents]. Nihon Rinsho 2011; 69:563-572. [PMID: 21400857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
As the number of type 2 diabetes patients is still increasing in Japan, careful management and appropriate treatment of diabetes with oral hypoglycemic agents are required for all general physicians. Ultimate aim of treatment should be maintenance of a quality of life not different from that of persons without diabetes. Recently various new oral hypoglycemic agents have been developed and six different classes of agents are available now: sulfonylureas, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, glinides, thiazolidinediones, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. In this article we describe the specific mechanisms of actions, side effects, and important points in clinical usage. Every drug therapy should be supported by lifestyle changes and the agents to be used should be selected after consideration of patient's patho-physiological state of diabetes, the presence of any complications, age, functional disorders of the liver, kidney, heart and lung, and the risk for hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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25
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Takamoto I, Kadowaki T. [New diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus in Japan, 2010]. Nihon Rinsho 2010; 68 Suppl 9:26-31. [PMID: 21661140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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Aoki K, Matsui J, Kubota N, Nakajima H, Iwamoto K, Takamoto I, Tsuji Y, Ohno A, Mori S, Tokuyama K, Murakami K, Asano T, Aizawa S, Tobe K, Kadowaki T, Terauchi Y. Role of the liver in glucose homeostasis in PI 3-kinase p85alpha-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 296:E842-53. [PMID: 19176357 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.90528.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) p85alpha-deficient mice exhibit hypoglycemia as a result of increased insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. Although PI3K is central to the metabolic actions of insulin, its mechanism of action in liver is not well understood. In the present study, we investigated hepatic insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis in p85alpha-deficient and wild-type mice. In the livers of p85alpha-deficient mice, p50alpha played a compensatory role in insulin-stimulated PI3K activation by binding to insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1/2. In p85alpha-deficient mice, the ratio of p50alpha over p110 catalytic subunit of PI3K in the liver was higher than in the muscles. PI3K activity associated with IRS-1/2 was not affected by the lack of p85alpha in the liver. Insulin-stimulated Akt and phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) activities in the liver were similar in p85alpha-deficient and wild-type mice. A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study revealed that the glucose infusion rate and the rate of disappearance were higher in p85alpha-deficient mice than in wild-type mice but that endogenous glucose production tended to be higher in p85alpha-deficient mice than in wild-type mice. Consistent with this finding, the expression of glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in livers after fasting was higher in p85alpha-deficient mice than in wild-type mice. After mice were fasted, the intrahepatic glucose-6-phosphate level was almost completely depleted in p85alpha-deficient mice. The glycogen content fell to nearly zero as a result of glycogenolysis shortly after the initiation of fasting in p85alpha-deficient mice. The absence of an increase in insulin-stimulated PI3K activation in the liver of p85alpha-deficient mice, unlike the muscles, may be associated with the molecular balance between the regulatory subunit and the catalytic subunit of PI3K. Gluconeogenesis was rather elevated in p85alpha-deficient mice, compared with in wild-type mice, and the liver seemed to partially compensate for the increase in glucose uptake in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Aoki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Nakamura A, Terauchi Y, Ohyama S, Kubota J, Shimazaki H, Nambu T, Takamoto I, Kubota N, Eiki J, Yoshioka N, Kadowaki T, Koike T. Impact of small-molecule glucokinase activator on glucose metabolism and beta-cell mass. Endocrinology 2009; 150:1147-54. [PMID: 19008318 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of glucokinase activator (GKA) on glucose metabolism and beta-cell mass. We analyzed four mouse groups: wild-type mice and beta-cell-specific haploinsufficiency of glucokinase gene (Gck(+/-)) mice on a high-fat (HF) diet. Each genotype was also treated with GKA mixed in the HF diet. Rodent insulinoma cells and isolated islets were used to evaluate beta-cell proliferation by GKA. After 20 wk on the above diets, there were no differences in body weight, lipid profiles, and liver triglyceride content among the four groups. Glucose tolerance was improved shortly after the GKA treatment in both genotypes of mice. beta-Cell mass increased in wild-type mice compared with Gck(+/-) mice, but a further increase was not observed after the administration of GKA in both genotypes. Interestingly, GKA was able to up-regulate insulin receptor substrate-2 (Irs-2) expression in insulinoma cells and isolated islets. The administration of GKA increased 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in insulinoma cells, and 3 d administration of GKA markedly increased BrdU incorporation in mice treated with GKA in both genotypes, compared with those without GKA. In conclusion, GKA was able to chronically improve glucose metabolism for mice on the HF diet. Although chronic GKA administration failed to cause a further increase in beta-cell mass in vivo, GKA was able to increase beta cell proliferation in vitro and with a 3-d administration in vivo. This apparent discrepancy can be explained by a chronic reduction in ambient blood glucose levels by GKA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Nakamura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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Watanabe T, Kubota N, Ohsugi M, Kubota T, Takamoto I, Iwabu M, Awazawa M, Katsuyama H, Hasegawa C, Tokuyama K, Moroi M, Sugi K, Yamauchi T, Noda T, Nagai R, Terauchi Y, Tobe K, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Rimonabant ameliorates insulin resistance via both adiponectin-dependent and adiponectin-independent pathways. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:1803-12. [PMID: 19008231 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m807120200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rimonabant has been shown to not only decrease the food intake and body weight but also to increase serum adiponectin levels. This increase of the serum adiponectin levels has been hypothesized to be related to the rimonabant-induced amelioration of insulin resistance linked to obesity, although experimental evidence to support this hypothesis is lacking. To test this hypothesis experimentally, we generated adiponectin knock-out (adipo(-/-))ob/ob mice. After 21 days of 30 mg/kg rimonabant, the body weight and food intake decreased to similar degrees in the ob/ob and adipo(-/-)ob/ob mice. Significant improvement of insulin resistance was observed in the ob/ob mice following rimonabant treatment, associated with significant up-regulation of the plasma adiponectin levels, in particular, of high molecular weight adiponectin. Amelioration of insulin resistance in the ob/ob mice was attributed to the decrease of glucose production and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the liver induced by rimonabant but not to increased glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle. Interestingly, the rimonabant-treated adipo(-/-)ob/ob mice also exhibited significant amelioration of insulin resistance, although the degree of improvement was significantly lower as compared with that in the ob/ob mice. The effects of rimonabant on the liver metabolism, namely decrease of glucose production and activation of AMPK, were also less pronounced in the adipo(-/-)ob/ob mice. Thus, it was concluded that rimonabant ameliorates insulin resistance via both adiponectin-dependent and adiponectin-independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Watanabe
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Takamoto I, Terauchi Y, Kubota N, Ohsugi M, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Crucial role of insulin receptor substrate-2 in compensatory beta-cell hyperplasia in response to high fat diet-induced insulin resistance. Diabetes Obes Metab 2008; 10 Suppl 4:147-56. [PMID: 18834442 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In type 2 diabetes, there is a defect in the regulation of functional beta-cell mass to overcome high-fat (HF) diet-induced insulin resistance. Many signals and pathways have been implicated in beta-cell function, proliferation and apoptosis. The co-ordinated regulation of functional beta-cell mass by insulin signalling and glucose metabolism under HF diet-induced insulin-resistant conditions is discussed in this article. Insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2 is one of the two major substrates for the insulin signalling. Interestingly, IRS-2 is involved in the regulation of beta-cell proliferation, as has been demonstrated using knockout mice models. On the other hand, in an animal model for human type 2 diabetes with impaired insulin secretion because of insufficiency of glucose metabolism, decreased beta-cell proliferation was observed in mice with beta-cell-specific glucokinase haploinsufficiency (Gck(+/) (-)) fed a HF diet without upregulation of IRS-2 in beta-cells, which was reversed by overexpression of IRS-2 in beta-cells. As to the mechanism underlying the upregulation of IRS-2 in beta-cells, glucose metabolism plays an important role independently of insulin, and phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein triggered by calcium-dependent signalling is the critical pathway. Downstream from insulin signalling via IRS-2 in beta-cells, a reduction in FoxO1 nuclear exclusion contributes to the insufficient proliferative response of beta-cells to insulin resistance. These findings suggest that IRS-2 is critical for beta-cell hyperplasia in response to HF diet-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Takamoto
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Yano W, Kubota N, Itoh S, Kubota T, Awazawa M, Moroi M, Sugi K, Takamoto I, Ogata H, Tokuyama K, Noda T, Terauchi Y, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Molecular mechanism of moderate insulin resistance in adiponectin-knockout mice. Endocr J 2008; 55:515-22. [PMID: 18446001 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.k08e-093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin has been proposed to act as an antidiabetic adipokine, suppressing gluconeogenesis and stimulating fatty acid oxidation in the liver and skeletal muscle. Although adiponectin-knockout (adipo(-/-)) mice are known to exhibit insulin resistance, the degrees of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance are unexpectedly only moderate. In this study, the adipo(-/-) mice showed hepatic, but not muscle, insulin resistance. insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-2 was impaired, the IRS-2 protein level was decreased, and insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt was decreased in the liver of the adipo(-/-) mice. However, the triglyceride content in the liver was not increased in these mice, despite the decrease in the PPARalpha expression involved in lipid combustion, since the expressions of lipogenic genes such as SREBP-1 and SCD-1 were decreased in association with the increased leptin sensitivity. Consistent with this, the down-regulation SREBP-1 and SCD-1 observed in the adipo(-/-) mice was no longer observed, and the hepatic triglyceride content was significantly increased in the adiponectin leptin double-knockout (adipo(-/-)ob/ob) mice. On the other hand, the triglyceride content in the skeletal muscle was significantly decreased in the adipo(-/-) mice, probably due to up-regulated AMPK activity associated with the increased leptin sensitivity. In fact, these phenotypes in the skeletal muscle of these mice were no longer observed in the adipo(-/-)ob/ob mice. In conclusion, adipo(-/-) mice showed impaired insulin signaling in the liver to cause hepatic insulin resistance, however, no increase in the triglyceride content was observed in either the liver or the skeletal muscle, presumably on account of the increased leptin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Yano
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Kubota N, Kubota T, Itoh S, Kumagai H, Kozono H, Takamoto I, Mineyama T, Ogata H, Tokuyama K, Ohsugi M, Sasako T, Moroi M, Sugi K, Kakuta S, Iwakura Y, Noda T, Ohnishi S, Nagai R, Tobe K, Terauchi Y, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Dynamic functional relay between insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 in hepatic insulin signaling during fasting and feeding. Cell Metab 2008; 8:49-64. [PMID: 18590692 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Revised: 03/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrate (Irs) mediates metabolic actions of insulin. Here, we show that hepatic Irs1 and Irs2 function in a distinct manner in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. The PI3K activity associated with Irs2 began to increase during fasting, reached its peak immediately after refeeding, and decreased rapidly thereafter. By contrast, the PI3K activity associated with Irs1 began to increase a few hours after refeeding and reached its peak thereafter. The data indicate that Irs2 mainly functions during fasting and immediately after refeeding, and Irs1 functions primarily after refeeding. In fact, liver-specific Irs1-knockout mice failed to exhibit insulin resistance during fasting, but showed insulin resistance after refeeding; conversely, liver-specific Irs2-knockout mice displayed insulin resistance during fasting but not after refeeding. We propose the concept of the existence of a dynamic relay between Irs1 and Irs2 in hepatic insulin signaling during fasting and feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Kubota N, Yano W, Kubota T, Yamauchi T, Itoh S, Kumagai H, Kozono H, Takamoto I, Okamoto S, Shiuchi T, Suzuki R, Satoh H, Tsuchida A, Moroi M, Sugi K, Noda T, Ebinuma H, Ueta Y, Kondo T, Araki E, Ezaki O, Nagai R, Tobe K, Terauchi Y, Ueki K, Minokoshi Y, Kadowaki T. Adiponectin stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase in the hypothalamus and increases food intake. Cell Metab 2007; 6:55-68. [PMID: 17618856 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 577] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 04/26/2007] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin has been shown to stimulate fatty acid oxidation and enhance insulin sensitivity through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the peripheral tissues. The effects of adiponectin in the central nervous system, however, are still poorly understood. Here, we show that adiponectin enhances AMPK activity in the arcuate hypothalamus (ARH) via its receptor AdipoR1 to stimulate food intake; this stimulation of food intake by adiponectin was attenuated by dominant-negative AMPK expression in the ARH. Moreover, adiponectin also decreased energy expenditure. Adiponectin-deficient mice showed decreased AMPK phosphorylation in the ARH, decreased food intake, and increased energy expenditure, exhibiting resistance to high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of adiponectin and expression of AdipoR1 in the ARH were increased during fasting and decreased after refeeding. We conclude that adiponectin stimulates food intake and decreases energy expenditure during fasting through its effects in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Kubota
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Terauchi Y, Takamoto I, Kubota N, Matsui J, Suzuki R, Komeda K, Hara A, Toyoda Y, Miwa I, Aizawa S, Tsutsumi S, Tsubamoto Y, Hashimoto S, Eto K, Nakamura A, Noda M, Tobe K, Aburatani H, Nagai R, Kadowaki T. Glucokinase and IRS-2 are required for compensatory beta cell hyperplasia in response to high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:246-57. [PMID: 17200721 PMCID: PMC1716196 DOI: 10.1172/jci17645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2002] [Accepted: 11/07/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucokinase (Gck) functions as a glucose sensor for insulin secretion, and in mice fed standard chow, haploinsufficiency of beta cell-specific Gck (Gck(+/-)) causes impaired insulin secretion to glucose, although the animals have a normal beta cell mass. When fed a high-fat (HF) diet, wild-type mice showed marked beta cell hyperplasia, whereas Gck(+/-) mice demonstrated decreased beta cell replication and insufficient beta cell hyperplasia despite showing a similar degree of insulin resistance. DNA chip analysis revealed decreased insulin receptor substrate 2 (Irs2) expression in HF diet-fed Gck(+/-) mouse islets compared with wild-type islets. Western blot analyses confirmed upregulated Irs2 expression in the islets of HF diet-fed wild-type mice compared with those fed standard chow and reduced expression in HF diet-fed Gck(+/-) mice compared with those of HF diet-fed wild-type mice. HF diet-fed Irs2(+/-) mice failed to show a sufficient increase in beta cell mass, and overexpression of Irs2 in beta cells of HF diet-fed Gck(+/-) mice partially prevented diabetes by increasing beta cell mass. These results suggest that Gck and Irs2 are critical requirements for beta cell hyperplasia to occur in response to HF diet-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Matsui
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kajuro Komeda
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akemi Hara
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Toyoda
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichitomo Miwa
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Aizawa
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Tsubamoto
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Hashimoto
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Eto
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Nakamura
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Noda
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Saitama, Japan.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Division of Applied Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
Laboratory for Vertebrate Body Plan, Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Kobe, Japan.
Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Diabetes Care and Research, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamauchi T, Nio Y, Maki T, Kobayashi M, Takazawa T, Iwabu M, Okada-Iwabu M, Kawamoto S, Kubota N, Kubota T, Ito Y, Kamon J, Tsuchida A, Kumagai K, Kozono H, Hada Y, Ogata H, Tokuyama K, Tsunoda M, Ide T, Murakami K, Awazawa M, Takamoto I, Froguel P, Hara K, Tobe K, Nagai R, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Targeted disruption of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 causes abrogation of adiponectin binding and metabolic actions. Nat Med 2007; 13:332-9. [PMID: 17268472 DOI: 10.1038/nm1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 986] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin plays a central role as an antidiabetic and antiatherogenic adipokine. AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 serve as receptors for adiponectin in vitro, and their reduction in obesity seems to be correlated with reduced adiponectin sensitivity. Here we show that adenovirus-mediated expression of AdipoR1 and R2 in the liver of Lepr(-/-) mice increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha signaling pathways, respectively. Activation of AMPK reduced gluconeogenesis, whereas expression of the receptors in both cases increased fatty acid oxidation and lead to an amelioration of diabetes. Alternatively, targeted disruption of AdipoR1 resulted in the abrogation of adiponectin-induced AMPK activation, whereas that of AdipoR2 resulted in decreased activity of PPAR-alpha signaling pathways. Simultaneous disruption of both AdipoR1 and R2 abolished adiponectin binding and actions, resulting in increased tissue triglyceride content, inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus leading to insulin resistance and marked glucose intolerance. Therefore, AdipoR1 and R2 serve as the predominant receptors for adiponectin in vivo and play important roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Adiponectin/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Targeting
- Lipid Metabolism/genetics
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Obese
- Protein Binding/genetics
- Receptors, Adiponectin
- Receptors, Cell Surface/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cell Surface/deficiency
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, Leptin
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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35
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Kubota N, Terauchi Y, Kubota T, Kumagai H, Itoh S, Satoh H, Yano W, Ogata H, Tokuyama K, Takamoto I, Mineyama T, Ishikawa M, Moroi M, Sugi K, Yamauchi T, Ueki K, Tobe K, Noda T, Nagai R, Kadowaki T. Pioglitazone Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Diabetes by Both Adiponectin-dependent and -independent Pathways. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:8748-55. [PMID: 16431926 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m505649200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiazolidinediones have been shown to up-regulate adiponectin expression in white adipose tissue and plasma adiponectin levels, and these up-regulations have been proposed to be a major mechanism of the thiazolidinedione-induced amelioration of insulin resistance linked to obesity. To test this hypothesis, we generated adiponectin knock-out (adipo-/-) ob/ob mice with a C57B/6 background. After 14 days of 10 mg/kg pioglitazone, the insulin resistance and diabetes of ob/ob mice were significantly improved in association with significant up-regulation of serum adiponectin levels. Amelioration of insulin resistance in ob/ob mice was attributed to decreased glucose production and increased AMP-activated protein kinase in the liver but not to increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. In contrast, insulin resistance and diabetes were not improved in adipo-/-ob/ob mice. After 14 days of 30 mg/kg pioglitazone, insulin resistance and diabetes of ob/ob mice were again significantly ameliorated, which was attributed not only to decreased glucose production in the liver but also to increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Interestingly, adipo-/-ob/ob mice also displayed significant amelioration of insulin resistance and diabetes, which was attributed to increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle but not to decreased glucose production in the liver. The serum-free fatty acid and triglyceride levels as well as adipocyte sizes in ob/ob and adipo-/-ob/ob mice were unchanged after 10 mg/kg pioglitazone but were significantly reduced to a similar degree after 30 mg/kg pioglitazone. Moreover, the expressions of TNFalpha and resistin in adipose tissues of ob/ob and adipo-/-ob/ob mice were unchanged after 10 mg/kg pioglitazone but were decreased after 30 mg/kg pioglitazone. Thus, pioglitazone-induced amelioration of insulin resistance and diabetes may occur adiponectin dependently in the liver and adiponectin independently in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Kubota
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655
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36
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Kubota N, Terauchi Y, Tobe K, Yano W, Suzuki R, Ueki K, Takamoto I, Satoh H, Maki T, Kubota T, Moroi M, Okada-Iwabu M, Ezaki O, Nagai R, Ueta Y, Kadowaki T, Noda T. Insulin receptor substrate 2 plays a crucial role in beta cells and the hypothalamus. J Clin Invest 2004; 114:917-27. [PMID: 15467830 PMCID: PMC518663 DOI: 10.1172/jci21484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2004] [Accepted: 07/20/2004] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that insulin receptor substrate 2 (Irs2) KO mice develop diabetes associated with hepatic insulin resistance, lack of compensatory beta cell hyperplasia, and leptin resistance. To more precisely determine the roles of Irs2 in beta cells and the hypothalamus, we generated beta cell-specific Irs2 KO and hypothalamus-specific Irs2 knockdown (betaHT-IRS2) mice. Expression of Irs2 mRNA was reduced by approximately 90% in pancreatic islets and was markedly reduced in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. By contrast, Irs2 expression in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue of betaHT-IRS2 mice was indistinguishable from that of control mice. The betaHT-IRS2 mice displayed obesity and leptin resistance. At 4 weeks of age, the betaHT-IRS2 mice showed normal insulin sensitivity, but at 8 and 12 weeks, they were insulin resistant with progressive obesity. Despite their normal insulin sensitivity at 8 weeks with caloric restriction, the betaHT-IRS2 mice exhibited glucose intolerance and impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion. beta Cell mass and beta cell proliferation in the betaHT-IRS2 mice were reduced significantly at 8 and 12 weeks but not at 10 days. Insulin secretion, normalized by cell number per islet, was significantly increased at high glucose concentrations in the betaHT-IRS2 mice. We conclude that, in beta cells and the hypothalamus, Irs2 is crucially involved in the regulation of beta cell mass and leptin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Kubota
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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37
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Matsui J, Terauchi Y, Kubota N, Takamoto I, Eto K, Yamashita T, Komeda K, Yamauchi T, Kamon J, Kita S, Noda M, Kadowaki T. Pioglitazone reduces islet triglyceride content and restores impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in heterozygous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-deficient mice on a high-fat diet. Diabetes 2004; 53:2844-54. [PMID: 15504964 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.53.11.2844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Heterozygous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma)-deficient (PPARgamma(+/-)) mice were protected from high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. To determine the impact of systemic reduction of PPAR-gamma activity on beta-cell function, we investigated insulin secretion in PPARgamma(+/-) mice on a high-fat diet. Glucose-induced insulin secretion in PPARgamma(+/-) mice was impaired in vitro. The tissue triglyceride (TG) content of the white adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver was decreased in PPARgamma(+/-) mice, but it was unexpectedly increased in the islets, and the increased TG content in the islets was associated with decreased glucose oxidation. Administration of a PPAR-gamma agonist, pioglitazone, reduced the islet TG content in PPARgamma(+/-) mice on a high-fat diet and ameliorated the impaired insulin secretion in vitro. Our results demonstrate that PPAR-gamma protects islets from lipotoxicity by regulating TG partitioning among tissues and that a PPAR-gamma agonist can restore impaired insulin secretion under conditions of islet fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Matsui
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Takamoto I, Kadowaki T. [Diabetes and osteoporosis]. Clin Calcium 2004; 14:255-261. [PMID: 15576981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Since Albright first proposed the concept of "diabetic osteopenia", many studies have investigated the levels of bone mineral density (BMD) and the risk of osteoporosis in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The presence of osteoporosis in type 1 diabetes seems to be a reliable evidence. On the other hand, there is still some controversy about the risk of osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes probably due to different pathogenesis, clinical stage and environmental factors. Although details of the pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood, low insulin secretion, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, adipocytokines and other diabetic complications including diabetic triopathy may determine changes in diabetic bone metabolism. Recent findings suggest that several drugs for life style-related disease such as statins, beta blockers and thiazolidinediones may have a potential role to promote bone formation other than their own therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Metabolic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Tanaka K, Kawauchi M, Murota Y, Takamoto I, Ikenouchi H, Hada Y, Furuse A. Reversible subacute effusive-constrictive pericarditis after correction of double-chambered right ventricle: a case report. J Cardiol 2002; 39:267-70. [PMID: 12048903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
A 15-year-old girl developed subacute constrictive pericarditis following successful surgical repair of double-chambered right ventricle. Two weeks after surgery, the patient had massive pericardial effusion, which acutely progressed to constrictive pericarditis with the symptoms of cardiac tamponade. Further surgery was necessary to resect the parietal pericardium. No blood transfusion was required for this patient, who was a Jehovah's Witness. She was doing well 9 months after the second operation, with residual pericardium of normal thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiro Tanaka
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, JR Tokyo General Hospital, Yoyogi 2-1-3, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8528
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