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Day RD, Baker KB, Peinado P, Semmens JM. Understanding baseline levels of physiological stress tolerance from excessive exercise in a holobenthic octopus species, Octopus pallidus. Mar Environ Res 2024; 196:106402. [PMID: 38402778 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cephalopods receive a great deal of attention due to their socioeconomically important fisheries and aquaculture industries as well their unique biological features. However, basic information about their physiological responses under stress conditions is lacking. This study investigated the impact of a simple stressor, exercise to exhaustion, on the activity levels of antioxidant enzymes and the concentrations of molecules involved in oxidative stress response in the pale octopus (Octopus pallidus). Eight biochemical assays were measured in the humoral (plasma) and cellular (hemocyte) components of O. pallidus haemolymph, the invertebrate analogue to vertebrate blood. Overall, exercise resulted in an increase in activity of plasma catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the decrease in activity of plasms glutathione reductase (GR). In the hemocytes, the exercise elicited a different response, with a reduction in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), GR, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) concentration. Malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was similar in the plasma and haemocytes in control and exercised treatments, indicating that exercise did not induce lipid peroxidation. These results provide an important baseline for understanding oxidative stress in octopus, with exercise to exhaustion serving as a simple stressor which will ultimately inform our ability to detect and understand physiological responses to more complex stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Day
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
| | - Katherine B Baker
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia; Ecology and Biodiversity Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Patricia Peinado
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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2
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Parsons MJG, Barneche DR, Speed CW, McCauley RD, Day RD, Dang C, Fisher R, Gholipour-Kanani H, Newman SJ, Semmens JM, Meekan MG. A large-scale experiment finds no consistent evidence of change in mortality or commercial productivity in silverlip pearl oysters (Pinctada maxima) exposed to a seismic source survey. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 199:115480. [PMID: 37839912 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
High-intensity, impulsive sounds are used to locate oil and gas reserves during seismic exploration of the seafloor. The impacts of this noise pollution on the health and mortality of marine invertebrates are not well known, including the silverlip pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima), which comprises one of the world's last remaining significant wildstock pearl oyster fisheries, in northwestern Australia. We exposed ≈11,000 P. maxima to a four-day experimental seismic survey, plus one vessel-control day. After exposure, survival rates were monitored throughout a full two-year production cycle, and the number and quality of pearls produced at harvest were assessed. Oysters from two groups, on one sampling day, exhibited reduced survival and pearl productivity compared to controls, but 14 other groups receiving similar or higher exposure levels did not. We therefore found no conclusive evidence of an impact of the seismic source survey on oyster mortality or pearl production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles J G Parsons
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Diego R Barneche
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Conrad W Speed
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert D McCauley
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ryan D Day
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Cecile Dang
- Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Hillarys, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca Fisher
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hosna Gholipour-Kanani
- Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Hillarys, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen J Newman
- Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Hillarys, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Mark G Meekan
- UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Australia
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3
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Murphy KJ, Pecl GT, Everett JD, Heneghan RF, Richards SA, Richardson AJ, Semmens JM, Blanchard JL. Improving the biological realism of predator-prey size relationships in food web models alters ecosystem dynamics. Biol Lett 2023; 19:20230142. [PMID: 37875159 PMCID: PMC10597676 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2023.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Body-size relationships between predators and prey exhibit remarkable diversity. However, the assumption that predators typically consume proportionally smaller prey often underlies size-dependent predation in ecosystem models. In reality, some animals can consume larger prey or exhibit limited changes in prey size as they grow larger themselves. These distinct predator-prey size relationships challenge the conventional assumptions of traditional size-based models. Cephalopods, with their diverse feeding behaviours and life histories, offer an excellent case study to investigate the impact of greater biological realism in predator-prey size relationships on energy flow within a size-structured ecosystem model. By categorizing cephalopods into high and low-activity groups, in line with empirically derived, distinct predator-prey size relationships, we found that incorporating greater biological realism in size-based feeding reduced ecosystem biomass and production, while simultaneously increasing biomass stability and turnover. Our results have broad implications for ecosystem modelling, since distinct predator-prey size relationships extend beyond cephalopods, encompassing a wide array of major taxonomic groups from filter-feeding fishes to baleen whales. Incorporating a diversity of size-based feeding in food web models can enhance their ecological and predictive accuracy when studying ecosystem dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran J. Murphy
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Gretta T. Pecl
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jason D. Everett
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- CSIRO Environment, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Ryan F. Heneghan
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, Australia
| | - Shane A. Richards
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Anthony J. Richardson
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- CSIRO Environment, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Julia L. Blanchard
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Udyawer V, Huveneers C, Jaine F, Babcock RC, Brodie S, Buscot MJ, Campbell HA, Harcourt RG, Hoenner X, Lédée EJI, Simpfendorfer CA, Taylor MD, Armstrong A, Barnett A, Brown C, Bruce B, Butcher PA, Cadiou G, Couturier LIE, Currey-Randall L, Drew M, Dudgeon CL, Dwyer RG, Espinoza M, Ferreira LC, Fowler A, Harasti D, Harborne AR, Knott NA, Lee K, Lloyd M, Lowry M, Marzullo T, Matley J, McAllister JD, McAuley R, McGregor F, Meekan M, Mills K, Norman BM, Oh B, Payne NL, Peddemors V, Piddocke T, Pillans RD, Reina RD, Rogers P, Semmens JM, Smoothey A, Speed CW, van der Meulen D, Heupel MR. Scaling of Activity Space in Marine Organisms across Latitudinal Gradients. Am Nat 2023; 201:586-602. [PMID: 36958006 DOI: 10.1086/723405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractUnifying models have shown that the amount of space used by animals (e.g., activity space, home range) scales allometrically with body mass for terrestrial taxa; however, such relationships are far less clear for marine species. We compiled movement data from 1,596 individuals across 79 taxa collected using a continental passive acoustic telemetry network of acoustic receivers to assess allometric scaling of activity space. We found that ectothermic marine taxa do exhibit allometric scaling for activity space, with an overall scaling exponent of 0.64. However, body mass alone explained only 35% of the variation, with the remaining variation best explained by trophic position for teleosts and latitude for sharks, rays, and marine reptiles. Taxon-specific allometric relationships highlighted weaker scaling exponents among teleost fish species (0.07) than sharks (0.96), rays (0.55), and marine reptiles (0.57). The allometric scaling relationship and scaling exponents for the marine taxonomic groups examined were lower than those reported from studies that had collated both marine and terrestrial species data derived using various tracking methods. We propose that these disparities arise because previous work integrated summarized data across many studies that used differing methods for collecting and quantifying activity space, introducing considerable uncertainty into slope estimates. Our findings highlight the benefit of using large-scale, coordinated animal biotelemetry networks to address cross-taxa evolutionary and ecological questions.
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Day RD, Fitzgibbon QP, McCauley RD, Baker KB, Semmens JM. The impact of seismic survey exposure on the righting reflex and moult cycle of Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus edwardsii) puerulus larvae and juveniles. Environ Pollut 2022; 309:119699. [PMID: 35787424 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic aquatic noise is recognised as an environmental pollutant with the potential to negatively affect marine organisms. Seismic surveys, used to explore subseafloor oil reserves, are a common source of aquatic noise that have garnered attention due to their intense low frequency inputs and their frequent spatial overlap with coastal fisheries. Commercially important Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus edwardsii) adults have previously shown sensitivity to signals from a single seismic air gun. Here, the sensitivity of J. edwardsii juveniles and puerulus to the signals of a full-scale seismic survey were evaluated to determine if early developmental stages were affected similarly to adults, and the range of impact. To quantify impact, lobster mortality rates, dorsoventral righting reflex and progression through moult cycle were evaluated following exposure. Exposure did not result in mortality in either developmental stage, however, air gun signals caused righting impairment to at least 500 m in lobsters sampled immediately following exposure, as had previously been reported in adults with corresponding sensory system damage following exposure. Impairment resulting from close range (0 m) exposure appeared to be persistent, as previously reported in adults, whereas juveniles exposed at a more distant range (500 m) showed recovery, indicating that exposure at a range of 500 m may not cause lasting impairment to righting. Intermoult duration was (time between moults) significantly increased in juveniles exposed at 0 m from the source, indicating the potential for slowed development, growth, and physiological stress. These results demonstrate that exposure to seismic air gun signals have the potential to negatively impact early life history stages of Southern Rock Lobsters. The similarity of both the impacts and the sound exposure levels observed here compared to previous exposure using a single air gun offer validation for the approach, which opens the potential for accessible field-based experimental work into the impact of seismic surveys on marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Day
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
| | - Quinn P Fitzgibbon
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Robert D McCauley
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia
| | - Katherine B Baker
- Ecology and Biodiversity Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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6
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Iosilevskii G, Kong JD, Meyer CG, Watanabe YY, Papastamatiou YP, Royer MA, Nakamura I, Sato K, Doyle TK, Harman L, Houghton JDR, Barnett A, Semmens JM, Maoiléidigh NÓ, Drumm A, O'Neill R, Coffey DM, Payne NL. A general swimming response in exhausted obligate swimming fish. R Soc Open Sci 2022. [PMID: 36147936 DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7pvmcvdv4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine organisms normally swim at elevated speeds relative to cruising speeds only during strenuous activity, such as predation or escape. We measured swimming speeds of 29 ram ventilating sharks from 10 species and of three Atlantic bluefin tunas immediately after exhaustive exercise (fighting a capture by hook-and-line) and unexpectedly found all individuals exhibited a uniform mechanical response, with swimming speed initially two times higher than the cruising speeds reached approximately 6 h later. We hypothesized that elevated swimming behaviour is a means to increase energetic demand and drive the removal of lactate accumulated during capture via oxidation. To explore this hypothesis, we estimated the mechanical work that must have been spent by an animal to elevate its swim speed and then showed that the amount of lactate that could have been oxidized to fuel it comprises a significant portion of the amount of lactate normally observed in fishes after exhaustive exercise. An estimate for the full energetic cost of the catch-and-release event ensued.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Iosilevskii
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Technion Haifa, 32000 Israel
| | - J D Kong
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C G Meyer
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Y Y Watanabe
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan
| | - Y P Papastamatiou
- Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33180, USA
| | - M A Royer
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - I Nakamura
- Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan
| | - K Sato
- International Coastal Research Center, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Iwate, Japan
| | - T K Doyle
- Zoology, Ecology and Plant Science, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork T23 XE10, Ireland
| | - L Harman
- Zoology, Ecology and Plant Science, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork T23 XE10, Ireland
| | - J D R Houghton
- Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, County Antrim BT9 7BL, UK
| | - A Barnett
- James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - J M Semmens
- Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | | | - A Drumm
- Marine Institute, Newport, County Mayo, Ireland
| | - R O'Neill
- Marine Institute, Newport, County Mayo, Ireland
| | - D M Coffey
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - N L Payne
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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7
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Andrzejaczek S, Lucas TC, Goodman MC, Hussey NE, Armstrong AJ, Carlisle A, Coffey DM, Gleiss AC, Huveneers C, Jacoby DMP, Meekan MG, Mourier J, Peel LR, Abrantes K, Afonso AS, Ajemian MJ, Anderson BN, Anderson SD, Araujo G, Armstrong AO, Bach P, Barnett A, Bennett MB, Bezerra NA, Bonfil R, Boustany AM, Bowlby HD, Branco I, Braun CD, Brooks EJ, Brown J, Burke PJ, Butcher P, Castleton M, Chapple TK, Chateau O, Clarke M, Coelho R, Cortes E, Couturier LIE, Cowley PD, Croll DA, Cuevas JM, Curtis TH, Dagorn L, Dale JJ, Daly R, Dewar H, Doherty PD, Domingo A, Dove ADM, Drew M, Dudgeon CL, Duffy CAJ, Elliott RG, Ellis JR, Erdmann MV, Farrugia TJ, Ferreira LC, Ferretti F, Filmalter JD, Finucci B, Fischer C, Fitzpatrick R, Forget F, Forsberg K, Francis MP, Franks BR, Gallagher AJ, Galvan-Magana F, García ML, Gaston TF, Gillanders BM, Gollock MJ, Green JR, Green S, Griffiths CA, Hammerschlag N, Hasan A, Hawkes LA, Hazin F, Heard M, Hearn A, Hedges KJ, Henderson SM, Holdsworth J, Holland KN, Howey LA, Hueter RE, Humphries NE, Hutchinson M, Jaine FRA, Jorgensen SJ, Kanive PE, Labaja J, Lana FO, Lassauce H, Lipscombe RS, Llewellyn F, Macena BCL, Mambrasar R, McAllister JD, McCully Phillips SR, McGregor F, McMillan MN, McNaughton LM, Mendonça SA, Meyer CG, Meyers M, Mohan JA, Montgomery JC, Mucientes G, Musyl MK, Nasby-Lucas N, Natanson LJ, O’Sullivan JB, Oliveira P, Papastamtiou YP, Patterson TA, Pierce SJ, Queiroz N, Radford CA, Richardson AJ, Richardson AJ, Righton D, Rohner CA, Royer MA, Saunders RA, Schaber M, Schallert RJ, Scholl MC, Seitz AC, Semmens JM, Setyawan E, Shea BD, Shidqi RA, Shillinger GL, Shipley ON, Shivji MS, Sianipar AB, Silva JF, Sims DW, Skomal GB, Sousa LL, Southall EJ, Spaet JLY, Stehfest KM, Stevens G, Stewart JD, Sulikowski JA, Syakurachman I, Thorrold SR, Thums M, Tickler D, Tolloti MT, Townsend KA, Travassos P, Tyminski JP, Vaudo JJ, Veras D, Wantiez L, Weber SB, Wells RD, Weng KC, Wetherbee BM, Williamson JE, Witt MJ, Wright S, Zilliacus K, Block BA, Curnick DJ. Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabo1754. [PMID: 35984887 PMCID: PMC9390984 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim C.D. Lucas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Nigel E. Hussey
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Amelia J. Armstrong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Aaron Carlisle
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE, USA
| | - Daniel M. Coffey
- Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA
| | - Adrian C. Gleiss
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Charlie Huveneers
- Southern Shark Ecology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David M. P. Jacoby
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Mark G. Meekan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Johann Mourier
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UMS 3514 Plateforme Marine Stella Mare, Université de Corse Pasquale Paoli, Biguglia, France
| | - Lauren R. Peel
- The Manta Trust, Catemwood House, Corscombe, Dorset, UK
- Save Our Seas Foundation–D’Arros Research Centre, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kátya Abrantes
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Biopixel Oceans Foundation, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - André S. Afonso
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Matthew J. Ajemian
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Brooke N. Anderson
- New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Gonzalo Araujo
- Environmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Marine Research and Conservation Foundation, Lydeard St Lawrence, Somerset, UK
| | - Asia O. Armstrong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Pascal Bach
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Sète, France
| | - Adam Barnett
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Biopixel Oceans Foundation, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Mike B. Bennett
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Natalia A. Bezerra
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ramon Bonfil
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR)–Unidad Chetumal, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico
- Océanos Vivientes A.C., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andre M. Boustany
- Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA, USA
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Heather D. Bowlby
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
| | - Ilka Branco
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Camrin D. Braun
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | | | - Judith Brown
- Ascension Island Government Conservation and Fisheries Department, Georgetown, Ascension Island, UK
| | - Patrick J. Burke
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Butcher
- NSW Department of Primary Industries–Fisheries Research, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Taylor K. Chapple
- Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Olivier Chateau
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Aquarium des Lagons, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | | | - Rui Coelho
- Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Olhão, Algarve, Portugal
- Centre of Marine Sciences of the Algarve, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Algarve, Portugal
| | - Enric Cortes
- Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Panama City, FL, USA
| | | | - Paul D. Cowley
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Donald A. Croll
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Juan M. Cuevas
- Wildlife Conservation Society Argentina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- División Zoología de Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tobey H. Curtis
- Atlantic Highly Migratory Species Management Division, NOAA Fisheries, Gloucester, MA, USA
| | - Laurent Dagorn
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Sète, France
| | - Jonathan J. Dale
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Daly
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda, South Africa
- Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Heidi Dewar
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philip D. Doherty
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Andrés Domingo
- Laboratorio de Recursos Pelágicos, Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos (DINARA), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Michael Drew
- Southern Shark Ecology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- SARDI Aquatic Sciences, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Christine L. Dudgeon
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, The University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Riley G. Elliott
- Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jim R. Ellis
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK
| | | | - Thomas J. Farrugia
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
- Alaska Ocean Observing System, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Luciana C. Ferreira
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Francesco Ferretti
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - John D. Filmalter
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Brittany Finucci
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Richard Fitzpatrick
- Biopixel Oceans Foundation, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Fabien Forget
- MARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Sète, France
| | | | - Malcolm P. Francis
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bryan R. Franks
- Marine Science Research Institute, Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Felipe Galvan-Magana
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Mirta L. García
- Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Troy F. Gaston
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Bronwyn M. Gillanders
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Jonathan R. Green
- Galapagos Whale Shark Project, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador
| | - Sofia Green
- Galapagos Whale Shark Project, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador
| | - Christopher A. Griffiths
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Marine Research, Lysekil, Sweden
| | - Neil Hammerschlag
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Abdi Hasan
- Yayasan Konservasi Indonesia, Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia
| | - Lucy A. Hawkes
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Fabio Hazin
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Matthew Heard
- Southern Shark Ecology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- SARDI Aquatic Sciences, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Conservation and Wildlife Branch, Department for Environment and Water, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alex Hearn
- Migramar, Forest Knolls, CA, USA
- Galapagos Whale Shark Project, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador
- Galapagos Science Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - Kim N. Holland
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kaneohe, HI, USA
| | - Lucy A. Howey
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Haiti Ocean Project, Petite Riviere de Nippes, Haiti
| | - Robert E. Hueter
- OCEARCH, Park City, UT, USA
- Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA
| | | | - Melanie Hutchinson
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kaneohe, HI, USA
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Fabrice R. A. Jaine
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia
| | - Salvador J. Jorgensen
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Paul E. Kanive
- Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Jessica Labaja
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Jagna, Bohol, Philippines
| | - Fernanda O. Lana
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Hugo Lassauce
- The Manta Trust, Catemwood House, Corscombe, Dorset, UK
- ISEA, University of New Caledonia, Nouméa, New Caledonia
- Conservation International New Caledonia, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Rebecca S. Lipscombe
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Bruno C. L. Macena
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Okeanos Centre, University of the Azores, Horta, Faial, Portugal
| | | | - Jaime D. McAllister
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | | | | | - Matthew N. McMillan
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Sibele A. Mendonça
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carl G. Meyer
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kaneohe, HI, USA
| | - Megan Meyers
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - John A. Mohan
- School of Marine and Environmental Programs, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, USA
| | - John C. Montgomery
- Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gonzalo Mucientes
- Instituto de Investigacions Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Vigo, Galicia, Spain
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairao, Portugal
| | | | - Nicole Nasby-Lucas
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Paulo Oliveira
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Yannis P. Papastamtiou
- Institute of the Environment, Department of Biological Science, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Nuno Queiroz
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairao, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Vairao, Portugal
| | - Craig A. Radford
- Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andy J. Richardson
- Ascension Island Government Conservation and Fisheries Department, Georgetown, Ascension Island, UK
| | - Anthony J. Richardson
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - David Righton
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Mark A. Royer
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kaneohe, HI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael C. Scholl
- Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, Bimini, The Bahamas
- IUCN SSC Shark Specialist Group, Gland, Vaud, Switzerland
- Aquarium-Muséum Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
| | - Andrew C. Seitz
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Edy Setyawan
- The Manta Trust, Catemwood House, Corscombe, Dorset, UK
- Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Brendan D. Shea
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Beneath the Waves, Herndon, VA, USA
| | - Rafid A. Shidqi
- Coastal Science and Policy Program, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Thresher Shark Project Indonesia, Alor Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
| | - George L. Shillinger
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
- Migramar, Forest Knolls, CA, USA
- Upwell, Monterey, CA, USA
| | | | - Mahmood S. Shivji
- Guy Harvey Research Institute, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Abraham B. Sianipar
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Joana F. Silva
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK
| | - David W. Sims
- The Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, UK
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Lara L. Sousa
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Julia L. Y. Spaet
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | | | - Guy Stevens
- The Manta Trust, Catemwood House, Corscombe, Dorset, UK
| | - Joshua D. Stewart
- The Manta Trust, Catemwood House, Corscombe, Dorset, UK
- Marine Mammal Institute, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - James A. Sulikowski
- New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Simon R. Thorrold
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Michele Thums
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - David Tickler
- Marine Futures Lab, School of Biological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | | | - Kathy A. Townsend
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, The University of the Sunshine Coast, Hervey Bay, QLD, Australia
| | - Paulo Travassos
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - John P. Tyminski
- OCEARCH, Park City, UT, USA
- Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA
| | - Jeremy J. Vaudo
- Guy Harvey Research Institute, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Drausio Veras
- Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Sam B. Weber
- Ascension Island Government Conservation and Fisheries Department, Georgetown, Ascension Island, UK
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - R.J. David Wells
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin C. Weng
- Fisheries Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA
| | - Bradley M. Wetherbee
- Guy Harvey Research Institute, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
- University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Jane E. Williamson
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Witt
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Serena Wright
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK
| | - Kelly Zilliacus
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Barbara A. Block
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
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8
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Ste-Marie E, Watanabe YY, Semmens JM, Marcoux M, Hussey NE. Life in the slow lane: Field Metabolic Rate and Prey Consumption Rate of the Greenland Shark (Somniosus microcephalus) modeled using Archival Biologgers. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:274642. [PMID: 35258589 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.242994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Field metabolic rate (FMR) is a holistic measure of metabolism representing the routine energy utilization of a species living within a specific ecological context, thus providing insight into its ecology, fitness and resilience to environmental stressors. For animals which cannot be easily observed in the wild, FMR can also be used in concert with dietary data to quantitatively assess their role as consumers, improving understanding of the trophic linkages that structure food webs and allowing for informed management decisions. Here we modeled the FMR of Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) equipped with biologger packages or pop-up archival satellite tags (PSATs) in two coastal inlets of Baffin Island (Nunavut) using metabolic scaling relationships for mass, temperature and activity. We estimated that Greenland sharks had an overall mean FMR of 21.67±2.30 mgO2h-1kg-0.84 (n=30; 1-4 day accelerometer package deployments) while residing inside these cold-water fjord systems in the late summer, and 25.48±0.47 mgO2h-1kg-0.84 (n=6; PSATs) over an entire year. When considering prey consumption rate, an average shark in these systems (224kg) requires a maintenance ration of 61-193g of fish or marine mammal prey daily. As a lethargic polar species, these low FMR estimates, and corresponding prey consumption estimates suggest Greenland sharks require very little energy to sustain themselves under natural conditions. These data provide the first characterization of the energetics and consumer role of this vulnerable and understudied species in the wild, essential given growing pressures from climate change and expanding commercial fisheries in the Arctic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ste-Marie
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Yuuki Y Watanabe
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8518, Japan.,Department of Polar Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8518, Japan
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Taroona, TAS, 7053, Australia
| | - Marianne Marcoux
- Freshwater Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N6, Canada
| | - Nigel E Hussey
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
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9
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Willis KA, Serra-Gonçalves C, Richardson K, Schuyler QA, Pedersen H, Anderson K, Stark JS, Vince J, Hardesty BD, Wilcox C, Nowak BF, Lavers JL, Semmens JM, Greeno D, MacLeod C, Frederiksen NPO, Puskic PS. Cleaner seas: reducing marine pollution. Rev Fish Biol Fish 2022. [PMID: 34366578 DOI: 10.22541/au.160382467.73347721/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In the age of the Anthropocene, the ocean has typically been viewed as a sink for pollution. Pollution is varied, ranging from human-made plastics and pharmaceutical compounds, to human-altered abiotic factors, such as sediment and nutrient runoff. As global population, wealth and resource consumption continue to grow, so too does the amount of potential pollution produced. This presents us with a grand challenge which requires interdisciplinary knowledge to solve. There is sufficient data on the human health, social, economic, and environmental risks of marine pollution, resulting in increased awareness and motivation to address this global challenge, however a significant lag exists when implementing strategies to address this issue. This review draws upon the expertise of 17 experts from the fields of social sciences, marine science, visual arts, and Traditional and First Nations Knowledge Holders to present two futures; the Business-As-Usual, based on current trends and observations of growing marine pollution, and a More Sustainable Future, which imagines what our ocean could look like if we implemented current knowledge and technologies. We identify priority actions that governments, industry and consumers can implement at pollution sources, vectors and sinks, over the next decade to reduce marine pollution and steer us towards the More Sustainable Future. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09674-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Willis
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Social Sciences, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Catarina Serra-Gonçalves
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Kelsey Richardson
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Social Sciences, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | | | | | - Kelli Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
| | - Jonathan S Stark
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Australian Antarctic Division, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Joanna Vince
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Social Sciences, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Britta D Hardesty
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Chris Wilcox
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Barbara F Nowak
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
| | - Jennifer L Lavers
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Dean Greeno
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Creative Arts and Media, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Catriona MacLeod
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Nunnoq P O Frederiksen
- The PISUNA Project, Qeqertalik Municipality, Attu, Greenland
- Snowchange Cooperative, Selkie, Finland
| | - Peter S Puskic
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
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10
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Willis KA, Serra-Gonçalves C, Richardson K, Schuyler QA, Pedersen H, Anderson K, Stark JS, Vince J, Hardesty BD, Wilcox C, Nowak BF, Lavers JL, Semmens JM, Greeno D, MacLeod C, Frederiksen NPO, Puskic PS. Cleaner seas: reducing marine pollution. Rev Fish Biol Fish 2022; 32:145-160. [PMID: 34366578 PMCID: PMC8326648 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-021-09674-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In the age of the Anthropocene, the ocean has typically been viewed as a sink for pollution. Pollution is varied, ranging from human-made plastics and pharmaceutical compounds, to human-altered abiotic factors, such as sediment and nutrient runoff. As global population, wealth and resource consumption continue to grow, so too does the amount of potential pollution produced. This presents us with a grand challenge which requires interdisciplinary knowledge to solve. There is sufficient data on the human health, social, economic, and environmental risks of marine pollution, resulting in increased awareness and motivation to address this global challenge, however a significant lag exists when implementing strategies to address this issue. This review draws upon the expertise of 17 experts from the fields of social sciences, marine science, visual arts, and Traditional and First Nations Knowledge Holders to present two futures; the Business-As-Usual, based on current trends and observations of growing marine pollution, and a More Sustainable Future, which imagines what our ocean could look like if we implemented current knowledge and technologies. We identify priority actions that governments, industry and consumers can implement at pollution sources, vectors and sinks, over the next decade to reduce marine pollution and steer us towards the More Sustainable Future. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09674-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A. Willis
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
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CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Social Sciences, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Catarina Serra-Gonçalves
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Kelsey Richardson
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
-
CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Social Sciences, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | | | | | - Kelli Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
| | - Jonathan S. Stark
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Australian Antarctic Division, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Joanna Vince
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Social Sciences, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Britta D. Hardesty
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
-
CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Chris Wilcox
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
-
CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Barbara F. Nowak
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
| | - Jennifer L. Lavers
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Dean Greeno
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- School of Creative Arts and Media, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Catriona MacLeod
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | -
Nunnoq P. O. Frederiksen
- The PISUNA Project, Qeqertalik Municipality, Attu, Greenland
- Snowchange Cooperative, Selkie, Finland
| | - Peter S. Puskic
- Centre for Marine Sociology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
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11
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Ward D, Melbourne-Thomas J, Pecl GT, Evans K, Green M, McCormack PC, Novaglio C, Trebilco R, Bax N, Brasier MJ, Cavan EL, Edgar G, Hunt HL, Jansen J, Jones R, Lea MA, Makomere R, Mull C, Semmens JM, Shaw J, Tinch D, van Steveninck TJ, Layton C. Safeguarding marine life: conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems. Rev Fish Biol Fish 2022; 32:65-100. [PMID: 35280238 PMCID: PMC8900478 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-022-09700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Marine ecosystems and their associated biodiversity sustain life on Earth and hold intrinsic value. Critical marine ecosystem services include maintenance of global oxygen and carbon cycles, production of food and energy, and sustenance of human wellbeing. However marine ecosystems are swiftly being degraded due to the unsustainable use of marine environments and a rapidly changing climate. The fundamental challenge for the future is therefore to safeguard marine ecosystem biodiversity, function, and adaptive capacity whilst continuing to provide vital resources for the global population. Here, we use foresighting/hindcasting to consider two plausible futures towards 2030: a business-as-usual trajectory (i.e. continuation of current trends), and a more sustainable but technically achievable future in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. We identify key drivers that differentiate these alternative futures and use these to develop an action pathway towards the desirable, more sustainable future. Key to achieving the more sustainable future will be establishing integrative (i.e. across jurisdictions and sectors), adaptive management that supports equitable and sustainable stewardship of marine environments. Conserving marine ecosystems will require recalibrating our social, financial, and industrial relationships with the marine environment. While a sustainable future requires long-term planning and commitment beyond 2030, immediate action is needed to avoid tipping points and avert trajectories of ecosystem decline. By acting now to optimise management and protection of marine ecosystems, building upon existing technologies, and conserving the remaining biodiversity, we can create the best opportunity for a sustainable future in 2030 and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphi Ward
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Jessica Melbourne-Thomas
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Gretta T. Pecl
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Karen Evans
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Madeline Green
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Phillipa C. McCormack
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Adelaide Law School, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Camilla Novaglio
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Rowan Trebilco
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Narissa Bax
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Stanley, Falkland Islands
| | - Madeleine J. Brasier
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Emma L. Cavan
- Silwood Park Campus, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Berkshire, SL5 7PY UK
| | - Graham Edgar
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Heather L. Hunt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 5050, Saint John,, New Brunswick E2L 4L5 Canada
| | - Jan Jansen
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Russ Jones
- Hereditary Chief, Haida Nation, PO Box 1451, Skidegate, B.C. V0T 1S1 Canada
| | - Mary-Anne Lea
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Reuben Makomere
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Chris Mull
- Integrated Fisheries Lab, Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Janette Shaw
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Dugald Tinch
- Tasmanian School of Business & Economics, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Tatiana J. van Steveninck
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Carmabi, Caribbean Research and Management of Biodiversity, Piscaderabaai z/n, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Cayne Layton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
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12
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Ward D, Melbourne-Thomas J, Pecl GT, Evans K, Green M, McCormack PC, Novaglio C, Trebilco R, Bax N, Brasier MJ, Cavan EL, Edgar G, Hunt HL, Jansen J, Jones R, Lea MA, Makomere R, Mull C, Semmens JM, Shaw J, Tinch D, van Steveninck TJ, Layton C. Safeguarding marine life: conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems. Rev Fish Biol Fish 2022; 32:65-100. [PMID: 35280238 DOI: 10.22541/au.160513367.73706234/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Marine ecosystems and their associated biodiversity sustain life on Earth and hold intrinsic value. Critical marine ecosystem services include maintenance of global oxygen and carbon cycles, production of food and energy, and sustenance of human wellbeing. However marine ecosystems are swiftly being degraded due to the unsustainable use of marine environments and a rapidly changing climate. The fundamental challenge for the future is therefore to safeguard marine ecosystem biodiversity, function, and adaptive capacity whilst continuing to provide vital resources for the global population. Here, we use foresighting/hindcasting to consider two plausible futures towards 2030: a business-as-usual trajectory (i.e. continuation of current trends), and a more sustainable but technically achievable future in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. We identify key drivers that differentiate these alternative futures and use these to develop an action pathway towards the desirable, more sustainable future. Key to achieving the more sustainable future will be establishing integrative (i.e. across jurisdictions and sectors), adaptive management that supports equitable and sustainable stewardship of marine environments. Conserving marine ecosystems will require recalibrating our social, financial, and industrial relationships with the marine environment. While a sustainable future requires long-term planning and commitment beyond 2030, immediate action is needed to avoid tipping points and avert trajectories of ecosystem decline. By acting now to optimise management and protection of marine ecosystems, building upon existing technologies, and conserving the remaining biodiversity, we can create the best opportunity for a sustainable future in 2030 and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphi Ward
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Jessica Melbourne-Thomas
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Gretta T Pecl
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Karen Evans
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Madeline Green
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Phillipa C McCormack
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Adelaide Law School, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Camilla Novaglio
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Rowan Trebilco
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Narissa Bax
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Stanley, Falkland Islands
| | - Madeleine J Brasier
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Emma L Cavan
- Silwood Park Campus, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Berkshire, SL5 7PY UK
| | - Graham Edgar
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Heather L Hunt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 5050, Saint John,, New Brunswick E2L 4L5 Canada
| | - Jan Jansen
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Russ Jones
- Hereditary Chief, Haida Nation, PO Box 1451, Skidegate, B.C. V0T 1S1 Canada
| | - Mary-Anne Lea
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Reuben Makomere
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Chris Mull
- Integrated Fisheries Lab, Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Janette Shaw
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Dugald Tinch
- Tasmanian School of Business & Economics, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Tatiana J van Steveninck
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Carmabi, Caribbean Research and Management of Biodiversity, Piscaderabaai z/n, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Cayne Layton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
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13
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Meyers N, Speakman CN, Dorville NASY, Hindell MA, Semmens JM, Monk J, Baylis AMM, Ierodiaconou D, Hoskins AJ, Marshall GJ, Abernathy K, Arnould JPY. The cost of a meal: factors influencing prey profitability in Australian fur seals. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12608. [PMID: 34966597 PMCID: PMC8667761 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the factors shaping the foraging behaviour of species is central to understanding their ecosystem role and predicting their response to environmental variability. To maximise survival and reproduction, foraging strategies must balance the costs and benefits related to energy needed to pursue, manipulate, and consume prey with the nutritional reward obtained. While such information is vital for understanding how changes in prey assemblages may affect predators, determining these components is inherently difficult in cryptic predators. The present study used animal-borne video data loggers to investigate the costs and benefits related to different prey types for female Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus), a primarily benthic foraging species in the low productivity Bass Strait, south-eastern Australia. A total of 1,263 prey captures, resulting from 2,027 prey detections, were observed in 84.5 h of video recordings from 23 individuals. Substantial differences in prey pursuit and handling times, gross energy gain and total energy expenditure were observed between prey types. Importantly, the profitability of prey was not significantly different between prey types, with the exception of elasmobranchs. This study highlights the benefit of animal-borne video data loggers for understanding the factors that influence foraging decisions in predators. Further studies incorporating search times for different prey types would further elucidate how profitability differs with prey type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelle Meyers
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), Ostend, Belgium.,Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Ostend, Belgium
| | - Cassie N Speakman
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole A S-Y Dorville
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biology, Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mark A Hindell
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jacquomo Monk
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alistair M M Baylis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Stanley, Falkland Islands
| | - Daniel Ierodiaconou
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Hoskins
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Greg J Marshall
- Exploration Technology Lab, National Geographic Society, Washington D.C., United States of America
| | - Kyler Abernathy
- Exploration Technology Lab, National Geographic Society, Washington D.C., United States of America
| | - John P Y Arnould
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Harding L, Jackson A, Barnett A, Donohue I, Halsey L, Huveneers C, Meyer C, Papastamatiou Y, Semmens JM, Spencer E, Watanabe Y, Payne N. Endothermy makes fishes faster but does not expand their thermal niche. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Harding
- Trinity College Dublin Dublin Republic of Ireland
| | | | | | - Ian Donohue
- Trinity College Dublin Dublin Republic of Ireland
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15
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McMillan MN, Semmens JM, Huveneers C, Sims DW, Stehfest KM, Gillanders BM. Grow or go? Energetic constraints on shark pup dispersal from pupping areas. Conserv Physiol 2021; 9:coab017. [PMID: 33959285 PMCID: PMC8084043 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many sharks and other marine taxa use natal areas to maximize survival of young, meaning such areas are often attributed conservation value. The use of natal areas is often linked to predator avoidance or food resources. However, energetic constraints that may influence dispersal of young and their use of natal areas are poorly understood. We combined swim-tunnel respirometry, calorimetry, lipid class analysis and a bioenergetics model to investigate how energy demands influence dispersal of young in a globally distributed shark. The school shark (a.k.a. soupfin, tope), Galeorhinus galeus, is Critically Endangered due to overfishing and is one of many sharks that use protected natal areas in Australia. Energy storage in neonate pups was limited by small livers, low overall lipid content and low levels of energy storage lipids (e.g. triacylglycerols) relative to adults, with energy stores sufficient to sustain routine demands for 1.3-4 days (mean ± SD: 2.4 ± 0.8 days). High levels of growth-associated structural lipids (e.g. phospholipids) and high energetic cost of growth suggested large investment in growth during residency in natal areas. Rapid growth (~40% in length) between birth in summer and dispersal in late autumn-winter likely increased survival by reducing predation and improving foraging ability. Delaying dispersal may allow prioritization of growth and may also provide energy savings through improved swimming efficiency and cooler ambient temperatures (daily ration was predicted to fall by around a third in winter). Neonate school sharks are therefore ill-equipped for large-scale dispersal and neonates recorded in the northwest of their Australian distribution are likely born locally, not at known south-eastern pupping areas. This suggests the existence of previously unrecorded school shark pupping areas. Integrated bioenergetic approaches as applied here may help to understand dispersal from natal areas in other taxa, such as teleost fishes, elasmobranchs and invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N McMillan
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, & Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Animal Science, EcoSciences Precinct, Dutton Park 4102, Australia
| | - J M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Taroona 7053, Australia
| | - C Huveneers
- Southern Shark Ecology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia
| | - D W Sims
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, Waterfront Campus, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - K M Stehfest
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Taroona 7053, Australia
| | - B M Gillanders
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, & Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
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16
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Huveneers C, Jaine FRA, Barnett A, Butcher PA, Clarke TM, Currey-Randall LM, Dwyer RG, Ferreira LC, Gleiss AC, Hoenner X, Ierodiaconou D, Lédée EJI, Meekan MG, Pederson H, Rizzari JR, van Ruth PD, Semmens JM, Taylor MD, Udyawer V, Walsh P, Heupel MR, Harcourt R. The power of national acoustic tracking networks to assess the impacts of human activity on marine organisms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Biol Conserv 2021; 256:108995. [PMID: 34580542 PMCID: PMC8457752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.108995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 restrictions have led to an unprecedented global hiatus in anthropogenic activities, providing a unique opportunity to assess human impact on biological systems. Here, we describe how a national network of acoustic tracking receivers can be leveraged to assess the effects of human activity on animal movement and space use during such global disruptions. We outline variation in restrictions on human activity across Australian states and describe four mechanisms affecting human interactions with the marine environment: 1) reduction in economy and trade changing shipping traffic; 2) changes in export markets affecting commercial fisheries; 3) alterations in recreational activities; and 4) decline in tourism. We develop a roadmap for the analysis of acoustic tracking data across various scales using Australia's national Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) Animal Tracking Facility as a case study. We illustrate the benefit of sustained observing systems and monitoring programs by assessing how a 51-day break in white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) cage-diving tourism due to COVID-19 restrictions affected the behaviour and space use of two resident species. This cessation of tourism activities represents the longest break since cage-diving vessels started day trips in this area in 2007. Long-term monitoring of the local environment reveals that the activity space of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) was reduced when cage-diving boats were absent compared to periods following standard tourism operations. However, white shark residency and movements were not affected. Our roadmap is globally applicable and will assist researchers in designing studies to assess how anthropogenic activities can impact animal movement and distributions during regional, short-term through to major, unexpected disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Huveneers
- Southern Shark Ecology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Fabrice R A Jaine
- Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) Animal Tracking Facility, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Adam Barnett
- College of Science & Engineering James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
| | - Paul A Butcher
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
| | - Thomas M Clarke
- Southern Shark Ecology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | | | - Ross G Dwyer
- Global Change Ecology Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Adrian C Gleiss
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Xavier Hoenner
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Daniel Ierodiaconou
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia
| | - Elodie J I Lédée
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Mark G Meekan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | | | - Justin R Rizzari
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Queenscliff, VIC, 3225, Australia
| | - Paul D van Ruth
- South Australian Research and Development Institute - Aquatic Sciences, West Beach, SA 5024, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Locked Bag 1, Nelson Bay, NSW 2315, Australia
| | - Vinay Udyawer
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia
| | - Peter Walsh
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Michelle R Heupel
- Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS), University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Robert Harcourt
- Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) Animal Tracking Facility, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
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17
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Day RD, Fitzgibbon QP, McCauley RD, Hartmann K, Semmens JM. Lobsters with pre-existing damage to their mechanosensory statocyst organs do not incur further damage from exposure to seismic air gun signals. Environ Pollut 2020; 267:115478. [PMID: 33254599 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Staotcysts, the mechanosensory organs common to many marine invertebrates, have shown sensitivity to aquatic noise. Previously, rock lobsters (Jasus edwardsii) from a remote site with little exposure to anthropogenic noise incurred persistent damage to the statocyst and righting reflex following exposure to seismic air gun signals. Here, J. edwardsii collected from a site subject to high levels of anthropogenic noise were exposed to an equivalent seismic air gun signal regime as the previous study of noise-naïve lobsters. Following exposure, both control and exposed treatments were found to have damage to the statocyst equivalent to that of noise-naïve lobsters following seismic exposure, which led to the conclusion that the damage was pre-existing and not exacerbated by seismic exposure. The source of the damage in the lobsters in this study could not be ascertained, but the soundscape comparisons of the collection sites showed that the noisy site had a 5-10 dB greater level of noise, equivalent to a 3-10 times greater intensity, in the 10-700 Hz range than was found at the remote collection site. In addition to the lack of further damage following seismic exposure, no disruption to the righting reflex was observed. Indeed, compared to the noise naïve lobsters, the lobsters here demonstrated an ability to cope with or adapt to the mechanosensory damage, indicating a need for better understanding of the ecological impacts of the damage caused by low frequency noise on marine organisms. More broadly, this study raises historical exposure to noise as a previously unrecognised but vitally important consideration for studies of aquatic noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Day
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
| | - Quinn P Fitzgibbon
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Robert D McCauley
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, 6845, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Klaas Hartmann
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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18
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Murphy KJ, Pecl GT, Richards SA, Semmens JM, Revill AT, Suthers IM, Everett JD, Trebilco R, Blanchard JL. Functional traits explain trophic allometries of cephalopods. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:2692-2703. [PMID: 32895913 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Individual body size strongly influences the trophic role of marine organisms and the structure and function of marine ecosystems. Quantifying trophic position-individual body size relationships (trophic allometries) underpins the development of size-structured ecosystem models to predict abundance and the transfer of energy through ecosystems. Trophic allometries are well studied for fishes but remain relatively unexplored for cephalopods. Cephalopods are important components of coastal, oceanic and deep-sea ecosystems, and they play a key role in the transfer of biomass from low trophic positions to higher predators. It is therefore important to resolve cephalopod trophic allometries to accurately represent them within size-structured ecosystem models. We assessed the trophic positions of cephalopods in an oceanic pelagic (0-500 m) community (sampled by trawling in a cold-core eddy in the western Tasman Sea), comprising 22 species from 12 families, using bulk tissue stable isotope analysis and amino acid compound-specific stable isotope analysis. We assessed whether ontogenetic trophic position shifts were evident at the species-level and tested for the best predictor of community-level trophic allometry among body size, taxonomy and functional grouping (informed by fin and mantle morphology). Individuals in this cephalopod community spanned two trophic positions and fell into three functional groups on an activity level gradient: low, medium and high. The relationship between trophic position and ontogeny varied among species, with the most marked differences evident between species from different functional groups. Activity-level-based functional group and individual body size are best explained by cephalopod trophic positions (marginal R2 = 0.43). Our results suggest that the morphological traits used to infer activity level, such as fin-to-mantle length ratio, fin musculature and mantle musculature are strong predictors of cephalopod trophic allometries. Contrary to established theory, not all cephalopods are voracious predators. Low activity level cephalopods have a distinct feeding mode, with low trophic positions and little-to-no ontogenetic increases. Given the important role of cephalopods in marine ecosystems, distinct feeding modes could have important consequences for energy pathways and ecosystem structure and function. These findings will facilitate trait-based and other model estimates of cephalopod abundance in the changing global ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran J Murphy
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia
| | - Gretta T Pecl
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia
| | - Shane A Richards
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia
| | | | - Iain M Suthers
- School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason D Everett
- School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Applications in Natural Resource Mathematics, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Rowan Trebilco
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia.,CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas, Australia
| | - Julia L Blanchard
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia
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19
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Wolfe BW, Fitzgibbon QP, Semmens JM, Tracey SR, Pecl GT. Physiological mechanisms linking cold acclimation and the poleward distribution limit of a range-extending marine fish. Conserv Physiol 2020; 8:coaa045. [PMID: 32494362 PMCID: PMC7248536 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Extensions of species' geographical distributions, or range extensions, are among the primary ecological responses to climate change in the oceans. Considerable variation across the rates at which species' ranges change with temperature hinders our ability to forecast range extensions based on climate data alone. To better manage the consequences of ongoing and future range extensions for global marine biodiversity, more information is needed on the biological mechanisms that link temperatures to range limits. This is especially important at understudied, low relative temperatures relevant to poleward range extensions, which appear to outpace warm range edge contractions four times over. Here, we capitalized on the ongoing range extension of a teleost predator, the Australasian snapper Chrysophrys auratus, to examine multiple measures of ecologically relevant physiological performance at the population's poleward range extension front. Swim tunnel respirometry was used to determine how mid-range and poleward range edge winter acclimation temperatures affect metabolic rate, aerobic scope, swimming performance and efficiency and recovery from exercise. Relative to 'optimal' mid-range temperature acclimation, subsequent range edge minimum temperature acclimation resulted in absolute aerobic scope decreasing while factorial aerobic scope increased; efficiency of swimming increased while maximum sustainable swimming speed decreased; and recovery from exercise required a longer duration despite lower oxygen payback. Cold-acclimated swimming faster than 0.9 body lengths sec-1 required a greater proportion of aerobic scope despite decreased cost of transport. Reduced aerobic scope did not account for declines in recovery and lower maximum sustainable swimming speed. These results suggest that while performances decline at range edge minimum temperatures, cold-acclimated snapper are optimized for energy savings and range edge limitation may arise from suboptimal temperature exposure throughout the year rather than acute minimum temperature exposure. We propose incorporating performance data with in situ behaviour and environmental data in bioenergetic models to better understand how thermal tolerance determines range limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrett W Wolfe
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Quinn P Fitzgibbon
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Sean R Tracey
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Gretta T Pecl
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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Morash AJ, Lyle JM, Currie S, Bell JD, Stehfest KM, Semmens JM. The endemic and endangered Maugean Skate ( Zearaja maugeana) exhibits short-term severe hypoxia tolerance. Conserv Physiol 2020; 8:coz105. [PMID: 31976076 PMCID: PMC6969080 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The endangered and range-restricted Maugean skate (Zearaja maugeana) is subjected to large environmental variability coupled with anthropogenic stressors in its endemic habitat, Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania. However, little is known about the basic biology/physiology of this skate, or how it may respond to future environmental challenges predicted from climate change and/or increases in human activities such as aquaculture. These skate live at a preferred depth of 5-15 m where the dissolved oxygen (DO) levels are moderate (~55% air saturation), but can be found in areas of the Harbour where DO can range from 100% saturation to anoxia. Given that the water at their preferred depth is already hypoxic, we sought to investigate their response to further decreases in DO that may arise from potential increases in anthropogenic stress. We measured oxygen consumption, haematological parameters, tissue-enzyme capacity and heat shock protein (HSP) levels in skate exposed to 55% dissolved O2 saturation (control) and 20% dissolved O2 saturation (hypoxic) for 48 h. We conclude that the Maugean skate appears to be an oxyconformer, with a decrease in the rate of O2 consumption with increasing hypoxia. Increases in blood glucose and lactate at 20% O2 suggest that skate are relying more on anaerobic metabolism to tolerate periods of very low oxygen. Despite these metabolic shifts, there was no difference in HSP70 levels between groups, suggesting this short-term exposure did not elicit a cellular stress response. The metabolic state of the skate suggests that low oxygen stress for longer periods of time (i.e. >48 h) may not be tolerable and could potentially result in loss of habitat or shifts in their preferred habitat. Given its endemic distribution and limited life-history information, it will be critical to understand its tolerance to environmental challenges to create robust conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Morash
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 15-21 Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania, Australia 7053, Australia
| | - Jeremy M Lyle
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 15-21 Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania, Australia 7053, Australia
| | - Suzanne Currie
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 15 University Avenue PO Box 107 Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Justin D Bell
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 15-21 Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania, Australia 7053, Australia
| | - Kilian M Stehfest
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 15-21 Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania, Australia 7053, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 15-21 Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania, Australia 7053, Australia
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21
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Day RD, McCauley RD, Fitzgibbon QP, Hartmann K, Semmens JM. Seismic air guns damage rock lobster mechanosensory organs and impair righting reflex. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191424. [PMID: 31337309 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of anthropogenic aquatic noise on marine invertebrates are poorly understood. We investigated the impact of seismic surveys on the righting reflex and statocyst morphology of the palinurid rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, using field-based exposure to air gun signals. Following exposure equivalent to a full-scale commercial assay passing within 100-500 m, lobsters showed impaired righting and significant damage to the sensory hairs of the statocyst. Reflex impairment and statocyst damage persisted over the course of the experiments-up to 365 days post-exposure and did not improved following moulting. These results indicate that exposure to air gun signals caused morphological damage to the statocyst of rock lobsters, which can in turn impair complex reflexes. This damage and impairment adds further evidence that anthropogenic aquatic noise has the potential to harm invertebrates, necessitating a better understanding of possible ecological and economic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Day
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Robert D McCauley
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Quinn P Fitzgibbon
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Klaas Hartmann
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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22
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Griffith GP, Strutton PG, Semmens JM, Fulton EA. Identifying important species that amplify or mitigate the interactive effects of human impacts on marine food webs. Conserv Biol 2019; 33:403-412. [PMID: 30091174 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Some species may have a larger role than others in the transfer of complex effects of multiple human stressors, such as changes in biomass, through marine food webs. We devised a novel approach to identify such species. We constructed annual interaction-effect networks (IENs) of the simulated changes in biomass between species of the southeastern Australian marine system. Each annual IEN was composed of the species linked by either an additive (sum of the individual stressor response), synergistic (lower biomass compared with additive effects), or antagonistic (greater biomass compared with additive effects) response to the interaction effect of ocean warming, ocean acidification, and fisheries. Structurally, over the simulation period, the number of species and links in the synergistic IENs increased and the network structure became more stable. The stability of the antagonistic IENs decreased and became more vulnerable to the loss of species. In contrast, there was no change in the structural attributes of species linked by an additive response. Using indices common in food-web and network theory, we identified the species in each IEN for which a change in biomass from stressor effects would disproportionately affect the biomass of other species via direct and indirect local, intermediate, and global predator-prey feeding interactions. Knowing the species that transfer the most synergistic or antagonistic responses in a food-web may inform conservation under increasing multiple-stressor impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Griffith
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Postbox 6606, Langes, 9296, Tromsø, Norway
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Private Bag 49, Hobart 7001, Australia
| | - Peter G Strutton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Private Bag 49, Hobart 7001, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Private Bag 49, Hobart 7001, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Fulton
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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23
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Watanabe YY, Payne NL, Semmens JM, Fox A, Huveneers C. Swimming strategies and energetics of endothermic white sharks during foraging. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:222/4/jeb185603. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.185603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Some fishes and sea turtles are distinct from ectotherms by having elevated core body temperatures and metabolic rates. Quantifying the energetics and activity of the regionally endothermic species will help us understand how a fundamental biophysical process (i.e. temperature-dependent metabolism) shapes animal ecology; however, such information is limited owing to difficulties in studying these large, highly active animals. White sharks, Carcharodon carcharias, are the largest fish with regional endothermy, and potentially among the most energy-demanding fishes. Here, we deployed multi-sensor loggers on eight white sharks aggregating near colonies of long-nosed fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, off the Neptune Islands, Australia. Simultaneous measurements of depth, swim speed (a proxy for swimming metabolic rate) and body acceleration (indicating when sharks exhibited energy-efficient gliding behaviour) revealed their fine-scale swimming behaviour and allowed us to estimate their energy expenditure. Sharks repeatedly dived (mean swimming depth, 29 m) and swam at the surface between deep dives (maximum depth, 108 m). Modal swim speeds (0.80–1.35 m s−1) were slower than the estimated speeds that minimize cost of transport (1.3–1.9 m s−1), a pattern analogous to a ‘sit-and-wait’ strategy for a perpetually swimming species. All but one shark employed unpowered gliding during descents, rendering deep (>50 m) dives 29% less costly than surface swimming, which may incur additional wave drag. We suggest that these behavioural strategies may help sharks to maximize net energy gains by reducing swimming cost while increasing encounter rates with fast-swimming seals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Y. Watanabe
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Nicholas L. Payne
- University of Roehampton, Holybourne Avenue, London SW15 4JD, UK
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Andrew Fox
- Fox Shark Research Foundation, Adelaide, South Australia 5070, Australia
| | - Charlie Huveneers
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
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French RP, Lyle JM, Lennox RJ, Cooke SJ, Semmens JM. Motivation and harvesting behaviour of fishers in a specialized fishery targeting a top predator species at risk. People Nat 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert P. French
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| | - Jeremy M. Lyle
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| | - Robert J. Lennox
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of BiologyCarleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of BiologyCarleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
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25
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Huveneers C, Watanabe YY, Payne NL, Semmens JM. Interacting with wildlife tourism increases activity of white sharks. Conserv Physiol 2018; 6:coy019. [PMID: 29780593 PMCID: PMC5912080 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coy019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities are dramatically changing marine ecosystems. Wildlife tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the tourism industry and has the potential to modify the natural environment and behaviour of the species it targets. Here, we used a novel method to assess the effects of wildlife tourism on the activity of white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). High frequency three-axis acceleration loggers were deployed on ten white sharks for a total of ~9 days. A combination of multivariate and univariate analysis revealed that the increased number of strong accelerations and vertical movements when sharks are interacting with cage-diving operators result in an overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA) ~61% higher compared with other times when sharks are present in the area where cage-diving occurs. Since ODBA is considered a proxy of metabolic rate, interacting with cage-divers is probably more costly than are normal behaviours of white sharks at the Neptune Islands. However, the overall impact of cage-diving might be small if interactions with individual sharks are infrequent. This study suggests wildlife tourism changes the instantaneous activity levels of white sharks, and calls for an understanding of the frequency of shark-tourism interactions to appreciate the net impact of ecotourism on this species' fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Huveneers
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia 5165, Australia
| | - Yuuki Y Watanabe
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Nicholas L Payne
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
- University of Roehampton, London SW154JD, UK
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Taroona, Tasmania 7053, Australia
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26
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Griffith GP, Strutton PG, Semmens JM. Climate change alters stability and species potential interactions in a large marine ecosystem. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:e90-e100. [PMID: 28869695 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have little empirical evidence of how large-scale overlaps between large numbers of marine species may have altered in response to human impacts. Here, we synthesized all available distribution data (>1 million records) since 1992 for 61 species of the East Australian marine ecosystem, a global hot spot of ocean warming and continuing fisheries exploitation. Using a novel approach, we constructed networks of the annual changes in geographical overlaps between species. Using indices of changes in species overlap, we quantified changes in the ecosystem stability, species robustness, species sensitivity and structural keystone species. We then compared the species overlap indices with environmental and fisheries data to identify potential factors leading to the changes in distributional overlaps between species. We found that the structure of the ecosystem has changed with a decrease in asymmetrical geographical overlaps between species. This suggests that the ecosystem has become less stable and potentially more susceptible to environmental perturbations. Most species have shown a decrease in overlaps with other species. The greatest decrease in species overlap robustness and sensitivity to the loss of other species has occurred in the pelagic community. Some demersal species have become more robust and less sensitive. Pelagic structural keystone species, predominately the tunas and billfish, have been replaced by demersal fish species. The changes in species overlap were strongly correlated with regional oceanographic changes, in particular increasing ocean warming and the southward transport of warmer and saltier water with the East Australian Current, but less correlated with fisheries catch. Our study illustrates how large-scale multispecies distribution changes can help identify structural changes in marine ecosystems associated with climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Griffith
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Peter G Strutton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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27
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Fitzgibbon QP, Day RD, McCauley RD, Simon CJ, Semmens JM. The impact of seismic air gun exposure on the haemolymph physiology and nutritional condition of spiny lobster, Jasus edwardsii. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 125:146-156. [PMID: 28807415 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a critical knowledge gap regarding the impacts of seismic air gun signals on the physiology of adult crustaceans. We conducted four controlled field experiments to examine the impact of seismic acoustic signals on spiny lobster, Jasus edwardsii. Seismic air gun exposure suppressed total haemocyte count (THC) for up to 120days post-exposure, suggesting a chronic negative impact of immune competency. THC levels after 365days post-exposure, were elevated two fold, potentially indicating an immune response to infection. Haemolymph refractive index was reduced after 120days post exposure in one experiment, suggesting a chronic impairment of nutritional condition. There was no effect of air gun exposure on 24 haemolymph biochemical parameters, hepatopancreas index or survival. Collectively these results indicate that the biochemical haematological homeostasis of J. edwardsii is reasonably resilient to seismic acoustic signals, however, air gun exposure may negatively influence the lobster's nutritional condition and immunological capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn P Fitzgibbon
- Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, University Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Ryan D Day
- Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, University Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robert D McCauley
- Centre Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cedric J Simon
- Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, University Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, University Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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28
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Rizzari JR, Semmens JM, Fox A, Huveneers C. Observations of marine wildlife tourism effects on a non-focal species. J Fish Biol 2017; 91:981-988. [PMID: 28758213 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A radio-acoustic positioning system was used to assess the effects of shark cage-diving operators (SCDO) on the fine-scale movements of a non-focal species, the smooth stingray Bathytoshia brevicaudata. The results revealed that the time spent in the array was individually variable, but generally increased when SCDO were present and that the presence of SCDO may have the capacity to elicit changes in the space use of B. brevicaudata. These results indicate that the effects of marine wildlife tourism may extend beyond the focal species of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Rizzari
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - J M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - A Fox
- Fox Shark Research Foundation, Adelaide, South Australia 5070, Australia
| | - C Huveneers
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
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29
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McCauley RD, Day RD, Swadling KM, Fitzgibbon QP, Watson RA, Semmens JM. Widely used marine seismic survey air gun operations negatively impact zooplankton. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:195. [PMID: 28812592 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Zooplankton underpin the health and productivity of global marine ecosystems. Here we present evidence that suggests seismic surveys cause significant mortality to zooplankton populations. Seismic surveys are used extensively to explore for petroleum resources using intense, low-frequency, acoustic impulse signals. Experimental air gun signal exposure decreased zooplankton abundance when compared with controls, as measured by sonar (~3-4 dB drop within 15-30 min) and net tows (median 64% decrease within 1 h), and caused a two- to threefold increase in dead adult and larval zooplankton. Impacts were observed out to the maximum 1.2 km range sampled, which was more than two orders of magnitude greater than the previously assumed impact range of 10 m. Although no adult krill were present, all larval krill were killed after air gun passage. There is a significant and unacknowledged potential for ocean ecosystem function and productivity to be negatively impacted by present seismic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D McCauley
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ryan D Day
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, University Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia
| | - Kerrie M Swadling
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Ecology and Biodiversity, Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Private Bag 80, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia
| | - Quinn P Fitzgibbon
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, University Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia
| | - Reg A Watson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, University Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, University Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia
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30
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Weltz K, Lyle JM, Ovenden J, Morgan JAT, Moreno DA, Semmens JM. Application of environmental DNA to detect an endangered marine skate species in the wild. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178124. [PMID: 28591215 PMCID: PMC5462358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques have only recently been applied in the marine environment to detect the presence of marine species. Species-specific primers and probes were designed to detect the eDNA of the endangered Maugean skate (Zearaja maugeana) from as little as 1 L of water collected at depth (10–15 m) in Macquarie Harbour (MH), Tasmania. The identity of the eDNA was confirmed as Z. maugeana by sequencing the qPCR products and aligning these with the target sequence for a 100% match. This result has validated the use of this eDNA technique for detecting a rare species, Z. maugeana, in the wild. Being able to investigate the presence, and possibly the abundance, of Z. maugeana in MH and Bathurst harbour (BH), would be addressing a conservation imperative for the endangered Z. maugeana. For future application of this technique in the field, the rate of decay was determined for Z. maugeana eDNA under ambient dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (55% saturation) and lower DO (20% saturation) levels, revealing that the eDNA can be detected for 4 and 16 hours respectively, after which eDNA concentration drops below the detection threshold of the assay. With the rate of decay being influenced by starting eDNA concentrations, it is recommended that samples be filtered as soon as possible after collection to minimize further loss of eDNA prior to and during sample processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Weltz
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Jeremy M. Lyle
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jennifer Ovenden
- Molecular Fisheries Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessica A. T. Morgan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A. Moreno
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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31
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Morash AJ, Mackellar SRC, Tunnah L, Barnett DA, Stehfest KM, Semmens JM, Currie S. Pass the salt: physiological consequences of ecologically relevant hyposmotic exposure in juvenile gummy sharks ( Mustelus antarcticus) and school sharks ( Galeorhinus galeus). Conserv Physiol 2016; 4:cow036. [PMID: 27757235 PMCID: PMC5066598 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine habitats are frequently used as nurseries by elasmobranch species for their protection and abundant resources; however, global climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of environmental challenges in these estuaries that may negatively affect elasmobranch physiology. Hyposmotic events are particularly challenging for marine sharks that osmoconform, and species-specific tolerances are not well known. Therefore, we sought to determine the effects of an acute (48 h) ecologically relevant hyposmotic event (25.8 ppt) on the physiology of two juvenile shark species, namely the school shark (Galeorhinus galeus), listed by the Australian Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act as 'conservation dependent', and the gummy shark (Mustelus antarcticus), from the Pittwater Estuary (Australia). In both species, we observed a decrease in plasma osmolality brought about by selective losses of NaCl, urea and trimethylamine N-oxide, as well as decreases in haemoglobin, haematocrit and routine oxygen consumption. Heat-shock protein levels varied between species during the exposure, but we found no evidence of protein damage in any of the tissues tested. Although both species seemed to be able to cope with this level of osmotic challenge, overall the school sharks exhibited higher gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity and ubiquitin concentrations in routine and experimental conditions, a larger heat-shock protein response and a smaller decrease in routine oxygen consumption during the hyposmotic exposure, suggesting that there are species-specific responses that could potentially affect their ability to withstand longer or more severe changes in salinity. Emerging evidence from acoustic monitoring of sharks has indicated variability in the species found in the Pittwater Estuary during hyposmotic events, and together, our data may help to predict species abundance and distribution in the face of future global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Morash
- Department of Biology,
Mount Allison University, Sackville, New
Brunswick, Canada E4L 1G7
| | - Sara R. C. Mackellar
- Department of Biology,
Mount Allison University, Sackville, New
Brunswick, Canada E4L 1G7
| | - Louise Tunnah
- Department of Biology,
Mount Allison University, Sackville, New
Brunswick, Canada E4L 1G7
| | - David A. Barnett
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute,
Moncton, New Brunswick, CanadaE1C 8X3
| | - Kilian M. Stehfest
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Center,
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of
Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania,
7053Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Center,
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of
Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania,
7053Australia
| | - Suzanne Currie
- Department of Biology,
Mount Allison University, Sackville, New
Brunswick, Canada E4L 1G7
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Cooke SJ, Brownscombe JW, Raby GD, Broell F, Hinch SG, Clark TD, Semmens JM. Remote bioenergetics measurements in wild fish: Opportunities and challenges. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 202:23-37. [PMID: 27063208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The generalized energy budget for fish (i.e., Energy Consumed=Metabolism+Waste+Growth) is as relevant today as when it was first proposed decades ago and serves as a foundational concept in fish biology. Yet, generating accurate measurements of components of the bioenergetics equation in wild fish is a major challenge. How often does a fish eat and what does it consume? How much energy is expended on locomotion? How do human-induced stressors influence energy acquisition and expenditure? Generating answers to these questions is important to fisheries management and to our understanding of adaptation and evolutionary processes. The advent of electronic tags (transmitters and data loggers) has provided biologists with improved opportunities to understand bioenergetics in wild fish. Here, we review the growing diversity of electronic tags with a focus on sensor-equipped devices that are commercially available (e.g., heart rate/electrocardiogram, electromyogram, acceleration, image capture). Next, we discuss each component of the bioenergetics model, recognizing that most research to date has focused on quantifying the activity component of metabolism, and identify ways in which the other, less studied components (e.g., consumption, specific dynamic action component of metabolism, somatic growth, reproductive investment, waste) could be estimated remotely. We conclude with a critical but forward-looking appraisal of the opportunities and challenges in using existing and emerging electronic sensor-tags for the study of fish energetics in the wild. Electronic tagging has become a central and widespread tool in fish ecology and fisheries management; the growing and increasingly affordable toolbox of sensor tags will ensure this trend continues, which will lead to major advances in our understanding of fish biology over the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Jacob W Brownscombe
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Graham D Raby
- Great Lakes Institute of Environmental Research, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Franziska Broell
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St., Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Scott G Hinch
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Timothy D Clark
- University of Tasmania and CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, 3-4 Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
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Day RD, McCauley RD, Fitzgibbon QP, Semmens JM. Seismic air gun exposure during early-stage embryonic development does not negatively affect spiny lobster Jasus edwardsii larvae (Decapoda: Palinuridae). Sci Rep 2016; 6:22723. [PMID: 26947006 PMCID: PMC4779986 DOI: 10.1038/srep22723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine seismic surveys are used to explore for sub-seafloor oil and gas deposits. These surveys are conducted using air guns, which release compressed air to create intense sound impulses, which are repeated around every 8-12 seconds and can travel large distances in the water column. Considering the ubiquitous worldwide distribution of seismic surveys, the potential impact of exposure on marine invertebrates is poorly understood. In this study, egg-bearing female spiny lobsters (Jasus edwardsii) were exposed to signals from three air gun configurations, all of which exceeded sound exposure levels (SEL) of 185 dB re 1 μPa(2) · s. Lobsters were maintained until their eggs hatched and the larvae were then counted for fecundity, assessed for abnormal morphology using measurements of larval length and width, tested for larval competency using an established activity test and measured for energy content. Overall there were no differences in the quantity or quality of hatched larvae, indicating that the condition and development of spiny lobster embryos were not adversely affected by air gun exposure. These results suggest that embryonic spiny lobster are resilient to air gun signals and highlight the caution necessary in extrapolating results from the laboratory to real world scenarios or across life history stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D. Day
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robert D. McCauley
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Quinn P. Fitzgibbon
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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34
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Foo D, Semmens JM, Arnould JP, Dorville N, Hoskins AJ, Abernathy K, Marshall GJ, Hindell MA. Testing optimal foraging theory models on benthic divers. Anim Behav 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Huveneers C, Simpfendorfer CA, Kim S, Semmens JM, Hobday AJ, Pederson H, Stieglitz T, Vallee R, Webber D, Heupel MR, Peddemors V, Harcourt RG. The influence of environmental parameters on the performance and detection range of acoustic receivers. Methods Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Huveneers
- School of Biological Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| | - Colin A. Simpfendorfer
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture College of Marine and Environmental Sciences James Cook University Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Susan Kim
- Flinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Flinders University Bedford Park Adelaide SA 5042 Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Taroona Hobart Tas. 7053 Australia
| | | | - Hugh Pederson
- Vemco, a Division of AMIRIX Systems Inc Bedford NS B4B 0L9 Canada
| | - Thomas Stieglitz
- College of Science, Technology & Engineering Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research James Cook University Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Richard Vallee
- Vemco, a Division of AMIRIX Systems Inc Bedford NS B4B 0L9 Canada
| | - Dale Webber
- Vemco, a Division of AMIRIX Systems Inc Bedford NS B4B 0L9 Canada
| | | | | | - Robert G. Harcourt
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
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Tunnah L, Mackellar SRC, Barnett DA, Maccormack TJ, Stehfest KM, Morash AJ, Semmens JM, Currie S. Physiological responses to hypersalinity correspond to nursery ground usage in two inshore shark species (Mustelus antarcticus & Galeorhinus galeus). J Exp Biol 2016; 219:2028-38. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.139964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Shark nurseries are susceptible to environmental fluctuations in salinity because of their shallow, coastal nature; however, the physiological impacts on resident elasmobranchs are largely unknown. Gummy (Mustelus antarcticus) and school sharks (Galeorhinus galeus) use the same Tasmanian estuary as a nursery ground; however, each species has distinct distribution patterns that are coincident with changes in local environmental conditions, such as increases in salinity. We hypothesized that these differences were directly related to differential physiological tolerances to high salinity. To test this hypothesis, we exposed wild, juvenile school and gummy sharks to an environmentally-relevant hypersaline (120% SW) event for 48 h. Metabolic rate decreased 20-35% in both species, and gill Na+/K+ ATPase activity was maintained in gummy sharks but decreased 37% in school sharks. We measured plasma ions (Na+, K+, Cl−), and osmolytes (urea and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO)), and observed a 33% increase in plasma Na+ in gummy sharks with hyperosmotic exposure, while school sharks displayed a typical ureosmotic increase in plasma urea (∼20%). With elevated salinity, gill TMAO concentration increased by 42% in school sharks and by 30% in gummy sharks. Indicators of cellular stress (heat shock proteins HSP70, 90, 110, and ubiquitin) significantly increased in gill, and white muscle in both a species- and tissue- specific manner. Overall, gummy sharks exhibited greater osmotic perturbation and ionic dysregulation and a larger cellular stress response compared to school sharks. Our findings provide physiological correlates to the observed distribution, and movement of these shark species in their critical nursery grounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Tunnah
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
| | | | | | - Tyson J. Maccormack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
| | - Kilian M. Stehfest
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Andrea J. Morash
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Suzanne Currie
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
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French RP, Lyle J, Tracey S, Currie S, Semmens JM. High survivorship after catch-and-release fishing suggests physiological resilience in the endothermic shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus). Conserv Physiol 2015; 3:cov044. [PMID: 27303650 PMCID: PMC4778490 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cov044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) is a species commonly targeted by commercial and recreational anglers in many parts of the developed world. In Australia, the species is targeted by recreational anglers only, under the assumption that most of the sharks are released and populations remain minimally impacted. If released sharks do not survive, the current management strategy will need to be revised. Shortfin mako sharks are commonly subjected to lengthy angling events; however, their endothermic physiology may provide an advantage over ectothermic fishes when recovering from exercise. This study assessed the post-release survival of recreationally caught shortfin mako sharks using Survivorship Pop-up Archival Transmitting (sPAT) tags and examined physiological indicators of capture stress from blood samples as well as any injuries that may be caused by hook selection. Survival estimates were based on 30 shortfin mako sharks captured off the south-eastern coast of Australia. Three mortalities were observed over the duration of the study, yielding an overall survival rate of 90%. All mortalities occurred in sharks angled for <30 min. Sharks experienced increasing plasma lactate with longer fight times and higher sea surface temperatures (SSTs), increased plasma glucose at higher SSTs and depressed expression of heat shock protein 70 and β-hydroxybutyrate at higher SSTs. Long fight times did not impact survival. Circle hooks significantly reduced foul hooking when compared with J hooks. Under the conditions of this study, we found that physical injury associated with hook choice is likely to have contributed to an increased likelihood of mortality, whereas the high aerobic scope associated with the species' endothermy probably enabled it to cope with long fight times and the associated physiological responses to capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P French
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Jeremy Lyle
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Sean Tracey
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Suzanne Currie
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada E4L 1E4
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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Payne NL, Snelling EP, Fitzpatrick R, Seymour J, Courtney R, Barnett A, Watanabe YY, Sims DW, Squire L, Semmens JM. A new method for resolving uncertainty of energy requirements in large water breathers: the ‘mega‐flume’ seagoing swim‐tunnel respirometer. Methods Ecol Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L. Payne
- National Institute of Polar Research Tachikawa Tokyo 190‐8518 Japan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Edward P. Snelling
- School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | - Richard Fitzpatrick
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld 4878 Australia
| | - Jamie Seymour
- Australian Institute for Tropical Health and Medicine James Cook University Cairns Qld 4878 Australia
| | - Robert Courtney
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld 4878 Australia
| | - Adam Barnett
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld 4878 Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Burwood Vic. 3125 Australia
| | - Yuuki Y. Watanabe
- National Institute of Polar Research Tachikawa Tokyo 190‐8518 Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Tachikawa Tokyo 190‐8518 Japan
| | - David W. Sims
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom Plymouth PL1 2PB UK
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton University of Southampton Southampton SO14 3ZH UK
- Centre for Biological Sciences University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | | | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Tas. 7001 Australia
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Oellermann M, Lieb B, Pörtner HO, Semmens JM, Mark FC. Blue blood on ice: modulated blood oxygen transport facilitates cold compensation and eurythermy in an Antarctic octopod. Front Zool 2015; 12:6. [PMID: 25897316 PMCID: PMC4403823 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-015-0097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Antarctic Ocean hosts a rich and diverse fauna despite inhospitable temperatures close to freezing, which require specialist adaptations to sustain animal activity and various underlying body functions. While oxygen transport has been suggested to be key in setting thermal tolerance in warmer climates, this constraint is relaxed in Antarctic fishes and crustaceans, due to high levels of dissolved oxygen. Less is known about how other Antarctic ectotherms cope with temperatures near zero, particularly the more active invertebrates like the abundant octopods. A continued reliance on the highly specialised blood oxygen transport system of cephalopods may concur with functional constraints at cold temperatures. We therefore analysed the octopod's central oxygen transport component, the blue blood pigment haemocyanin, to unravel strategies that sustain oxygen supply at cold temperatures. RESULTS To identify adaptive compensation of blood oxygen transport in octopods from different climatic regions, we compared haemocyanin oxygen binding properties, oxygen carrying capacities as well as haemolymph protein and ion composition between the Antarctic octopod Pareledone charcoti, the South-east Australian Octopus pallidus and the Mediterranean Eledone moschata. In the Antarctic Pareledone charcoti at 0°C, oxygen unloading by haemocyanin was poor but supported by high levels of dissolved oxygen. However, lower oxygen affinity and higher oxygen carrying capacity compared to warm water octopods, still enabled significant contribution of haemocyanin to oxygen transport at 0°C. At warmer temperatures, haemocyanin of Pareledone charcoti releases most of the bound oxygen, supporting oxygen supply at 10°C. In warm water octopods, increasing oxygen affinities reduce the ability to release oxygen from haemocyanin at colder temperatures. Though, unlike Eledone moschata, Octopus pallidus attenuated this increase below 15°C. CONCLUSIONS Adjustments of haemocyanin physiological function and haemocyanin concentrations but also high dissolved oxygen concentrations support oxygen supply in the Antarctic octopus Pareledone charcoti at near freezing temperatures. Increased oxygen supply by haemocyanin at warmer temperatures supports extended warm tolerance and thus eurythermy of Pareledone charcoti. Limited haemocyanin function towards colder temperatures in Antarctic and warm water octopods highlights the general role of haemocyanin oxygen transport in constraining cold tolerance in octopods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Oellermann
- />Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Bernhard Lieb
- />Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Müllerweg 6, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans-O Pörtner
- />Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jayson M Semmens
- />Fisheries, Aquaculture and Coasts Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Felix C Mark
- />Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
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Dudgeon CL, Pollock KH, Braccini JM, Semmens JM, Barnett A. Integrating acoustic telemetry into mark-recapture models to improve the precision of apparent survival and abundance estimates. Oecologia 2015; 178:761-72. [PMID: 25740335 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Capture-mark-recapture models are useful tools for estimating demographic parameters but often result in low precision when recapture rates are low. Low recapture rates are typical in many study systems including fishing-based studies. Incorporating auxiliary data into the models can improve precision and in some cases enable parameter estimation. Here, we present a novel application of acoustic telemetry for the estimation of apparent survival and abundance within capture-mark-recapture analysis using open population models. Our case study is based on simultaneously collecting longline fishing and acoustic telemetry data for a large mobile apex predator, the broadnose sevengill shark (Notorhynchus cepedianus), at a coastal site in Tasmania, Australia. Cormack-Jolly-Seber models showed that longline data alone had very low recapture rates while acoustic telemetry data for the same time period resulted in at least tenfold higher recapture rates. The apparent survival estimates were similar for the two datasets but the acoustic telemetry data showed much greater precision and enabled apparent survival parameter estimation for one dataset, which was inestimable using fishing data alone. Combined acoustic telemetry and longline data were incorporated into Jolly-Seber models using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. Abundance estimates were comparable to those with longline data only; however, the inclusion of acoustic telemetry data increased precision in the estimates. We conclude that acoustic telemetry is a useful tool for incorporating in capture-mark-recapture studies in the marine environment. Future studies should consider the application of acoustic telemetry within this framework when setting up the study design and sampling program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Dudgeon
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4343, Australia,
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Stehfest KM, Patterson TA, Barnett A, Semmens JM. Markov models and network analysis reveal sex-specific differences in the space-use of a coastal apex predator. OIKOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.01429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kilian M. Stehfest
- Fisheries, Aquaculture and Coasts Centre, Inst. for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Univ. of Tasmania; Private Bag 49 Hobart 7001 TAS Australia
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research; Hobart 7000 TAS Australia
| | | | - Adam Barnett
- Centre for Tropical and Aquatic Ecosystem Research (TropWATER), Estuary and Tidal Wetland Ecosystems Research Group, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook Univ.; Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin Univ.; Burwood 3125 VIC Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Fisheries, Aquaculture and Coasts Centre, Inst. for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Univ. of Tasmania; Private Bag 49 Hobart 7001 TAS Australia
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Ramos JE, Pecl GT, Moltschaniwskyj NA, Strugnell JM, León RI, Semmens JM. Body size, growth and life span: implications for the polewards range shift of Octopus tetricus in south-eastern Australia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103480. [PMID: 25090250 PMCID: PMC4121162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the response of any species to climate change can be challenging. However, in short-lived species the faster turnover of generations may facilitate the examination of responses associated with longer-term environmental change. Octopus tetricus, a commercially important species, has undergone a recent polewards range shift in the coastal waters of south-eastern Australia, thought to be associated with the southerly extension of the warm East Australian Current. At the cooler temperatures of a polewards distribution limit, growth of a species could be slower, potentially leading to a bigger body size and resulting in a slower population turnover, affecting population viability at the extreme of the distribution. Growth rates, body size, and life span of O. tetricus were examined at the leading edge of a polewards range shift in Tasmanian waters (40°S and 147°E) throughout 2011. Octopus tetricus had a relatively small body size and short lifespan of approximately 11 months that, despite cooler temperatures, would allow a high rate of population turnover and may facilitate the population increase necessary for successful establishment in the new extended area of the range. Temperature, food availability and gender appear to influence growth rate. Individuals that hatched during cooler and more productive conditions, but grew during warming conditions, exhibited faster growth rates and reached smaller body sizes than individuals that hatched into warmer waters but grew during cooling conditions. This study suggests that fast growth, small body size and associated rapid population turnover may facilitate the range shift of O. tetricus into Tasmanian waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E. Ramos
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Gretta T. Pecl
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Natalie A. Moltschaniwskyj
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jan M. Strugnell
- Department of Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rafael I. León
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Abstract
The remote measurement of data from free-ranging animals has been termed ‘biologging’ and in recent years this relatively small set of tools has been instrumental in addressing remarkably diverse questions – from ‘how will tuna respond to climate change?’ to ‘why are whales big?’. While a single biologging dataset can have the potential to test hypotheses spanning physiology, ecology, evolution and theoretical physics, explicit illustrations of this flexibility are scarce and this has arguably hindered the full realization of the power of biologging tools. Here we present a small set of examples from studies that have collected data on two parameters widespread in biologging research (depth and acceleration), but that have interpreted their data in the context of extremely diverse phenomena: from tests of biomechanical and diving-optimality models to identifications of feeding events, Lévy flight foraging strategies and expanding oxygen minimum zones. We use these examples to highlight the remarkable flexibility of biologging tools, and identify several mechanisms that may enhance the scope and dissemination of future biologging research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L. Payne
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Matthew D. Taylor
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Nelson Bay, NSW 2315, Australia
| | - Yuuki Y. Watanabe
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
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Mendo T, Lyle JM, Moltschaniwskyj NA, Tracey SR, Semmens JM. Habitat characteristics predicting distribution and abundance patterns of scallops in D'Entrecasteaux Channel, Tasmania. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85895. [PMID: 24454945 PMCID: PMC3890318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat characteristics greatly influence the patterns of distribution and abundance in scallops, providing structure for the settlement of spat and influencing predation risk and rates of survival. Establishing scallop-habitat relationships is relevant to understanding the ecological processes that regulate scallop populations and to managing critical habitats. This information is particularly relevant for the D’Entrecasteaux Channel, south-eastern Tasmania (147.335 W, 43.220 S), a region that has supported significant but highly variable scallop production over many years, including protracted periods of stock collapse. Three species of scallops are present in the region; the commercial scallop Pecten fumatus, the queen scallop Equichlamys bifrons, and the doughboy scallop Mimachlamys asperrima. We used dive surveys and Generalized Additive Modelling to examine the relationship between the distribution and abundance patterns of each species and associated habitat characteristics. The aggregated distribution of each species could be predicted as a function of sediment type and species-specific habitat structural components. While P. fumatus was strongly associated with finer sediments and E. bifrons with coarse grain sediments, M. asperrima had a less selective association, possibly related to its ability to attach on a wide range of substrates. Other habitat characteristics explaining P. fumatus abundance were depth, Asterias amurensis abundance, shell and macroalgae cover. Equichlamys bifrons was strongly associated with macroalgae and seagrass cover, whereas M. asperrima abundance was greatly explained by sponge cover. The models define a set of relationships from which plausible hypotheses can be developed. We propose that these relationships are mediated by predation pressure as well as the specific behavioural characteristics of each species. The findings also highlight the specific habitat characteristics that are relevant for spatial management and habitat restoration plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Mendo
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Jeremy M. Lyle
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Natalie A. Moltschaniwskyj
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sean R. Tracey
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Semmens JM, Payne NL, Huveneers C, Sims DW, Bruce BD. Feeding requirements of white sharks may be higher than originally thought. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1471. [PMID: 23503585 PMCID: PMC3600591 DOI: 10.1038/srep01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantifying the energy requirements of animals in nature is critical for understanding physiological, behavioural, and ecosystem ecology; however, for difficult-to-study species such as large sharks, prey intake rates are largely unknown. Here, we use metabolic rates derived from swimming speed estimates to suggest that feeding requirements of the world's largest predatory fish, the white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), are several times higher than previously proposed. Further, our estimates of feeding frequency identify a clear benefit in seasonal selection of pinniped colonies - a white shark foraging strategy seen across much of their range.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Semmens
- Fisheries, Aquaculture and Coasts Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia.
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Payne NL, van der Meulen DE, Gannon R, Semmens JM, Suthers IM, Gray CA, Taylor MD. Rain reverses diel activity rhythms in an estuarine teleost. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20122363. [PMID: 23173211 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity rhythms are ubiquitous in nature, and generally synchronized with the day-night cycle. Several taxa have been shown to switch between nocturnal and diurnal activity in response to environmental variability, and these relatively uncommon switches provide a basis for greater understanding of the mechanisms and adaptive significance of circadian (approx. 24 h) rhythms. Plasticity of activity rhythms has been identified in association with a variety of factors, from changes in predation pressure to an altered nutritional or social status. Here, we report a switch in activity rhythm that is associated with rainfall. Outside periods of rain, the estuarine-associated teleost Acanthopagrus australis was most active and in shallower depths during the day, but this activity and depth pattern was reversed in the days following rain, with diurnality restored as estuarine conductivity and turbidity levels returned to pre-rain levels. Although representing the first example of a rain-induced reversal of activity rhythm in an aquatic animal of which we are aware, our results are consistent with established models on the trade-offs between predation risk and foraging efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L Payne
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Stehfest KM, Patterson TA, Dagorn L, Holland KN, Itano D, Semmens JM. Network analysis of acoustic tracking data reveals the structure and stability of fish aggregations in the ocean. Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Herwig JN, Depczynski M, Roberts JD, Semmens JM, Gagliano M, Heyward AJ. Using age-based life history data to investigate the life cycle and vulnerability of Octopus cyanea. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43679. [PMID: 22912898 PMCID: PMC3422261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Octopus cyanea is taken as an unregulated, recreationally fished species from the intertidal reefs of Ningaloo, Western Australia. Yet despite its exploitation and importance in many artisanal fisheries throughout the world, little is known about its life history, ecology and vulnerability. We used stylet increment analysis to age a wild O. cyanea population for the first time and gonad histology to examine their reproductive characteristics. O. cyanea conforms to many cephalopod life history generalisations having rapid, non-asymptotic growth, a short life-span and high levels of mortality. Males were found to mature at much younger ages and sizes than females with reproductive activity concentrated in the spring and summer months. The female dominated sex-ratios in association with female brooding behaviours also suggest that larger conspicuous females may be more prone to capture and suggests that this intertidal octopus population has the potential to be negatively impacted in an unregulated fishery. Size at age and maturity comparisons between our temperate bordering population and lower latitude Tanzanian and Hawaiian populations indicated stark differences in growth rates that correlate with water temperatures. The variability in life history traits between global populations suggests that management of O. cyanea populations should be tailored to each unique set of life history characteristics and that stylet increment analysis may provide the integrity needed to accurately assess this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade N. Herwig
- The Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Martial Depczynski
- The Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, The Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - John D. Roberts
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jayson M. Semmens
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Research, Fisheries, Aquaculture and Coasts Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Monica Gagliano
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Heyward
- The Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, The Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Barnett A, Semmens JM. Sequential movement into coastal habitats and high spatial overlap of predator and prey suggest high predation pressure in protected areas. OIKOS 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.20000.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Barnett A, Stevens JD, Frusher SD, Semmens JM. Seasonal occurrence and population structure of the broadnose sevengill shark Notorynchus cepedianus in coastal habitats of south-east Tasmania. J Fish Biol 2010; 77:1688-1701. [PMID: 21078027 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02810.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Research longline sampling was conducted seasonally from December 2006 to February 2009 to investigate the occurrence and population structure of the broadnose sevengill shark Notorynchus cepedianus in coastal areas of south-east Tasmania. Notorynchus cepedianus showed a consistent temporal trend in seasonal occurrence in Norfolk Bay characterized by high abundances in summer to near absence in winter. This pattern was less pronounced in the Derwent Estuary, where fish were still caught during winter. The absence of smaller total length (L(T) ) classes (<80 cm) from the catches suggests that N. cepedianus are not using these coastal habitats as nursery areas. Of the 457 individuals tagged, 68 (15%) were recaptured. Time at liberty ranged from 6 days to almost 4 years and all but one of the recaptures were caught in its original tagging location, suggesting site fidelity. The large number of N. cepedianus in these coastal systems over summer indicates that these areas are important habitats for this species and that N. cepedianus may have a significant influence on community dynamics through both direct and indirect predator-prey interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barnett
- Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, Marine Research Laboratories, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
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