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Welsh JA, Goberdhan DCI, O'Driscoll L, Buzas EI, Blenkiron C, Bussolati B, Cai H, Di Vizio D, Driedonks TAP, Erdbrügger U, Falcon‐Perez JM, Fu Q, Hill AF, Lenassi M, Lim SK, Mahoney MG, Mohanty S, Möller A, Nieuwland R, Ochiya T, Sahoo S, Torrecilhas AC, Zheng L, Zijlstra A, Abuelreich S, Bagabas R, Bergese P, Bridges EM, Brucale M, Burger D, Carney RP, Cocucci E, Colombo F, Crescitelli R, Hanser E, Harris AL, Haughey NJ, Hendrix A, Ivanov AR, Jovanovic‐Talisman T, Kruh‐Garcia NA, Ku'ulei‐Lyn Faustino V, Kyburz D, Lässer C, Lennon KM, Lötvall J, Maddox AL, Martens‐Uzunova ES, Mizenko RR, Newman LA, Ridolfi A, Rohde E, Rojalin T, Rowland A, Saftics A, Sandau US, Saugstad JA, Shekari F, Swift S, Ter‐Ovanesyan D, Tosar JP, Useckaite Z, Valle F, Varga Z, van der Pol E, van Herwijnen MJC, Wauben MHM, Wehman AM, Williams S, Zendrini A, Zimmerman AJ, MISEV Consortium, Théry C, Witwer KW. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12404. [PMID: 38326288 PMCID: PMC10850029 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of PathologyNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Deborah C. I. Goberdhan
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive HealthUniversity of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Trinity St. James's Cancer InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Edit I. Buzas
- Department of Genetics, Cell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HCEMM‐SU Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Translational Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Cherie Blenkiron
- Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | | | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tom A. P. Driedonks
- Department CDL ResearchUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- University of Virginia Health SystemCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Juan M. Falcon‐Perez
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in BiosciencesBasque Research and Technology AllianceDerioSpain
- Metabolomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in BiosciencesBasque Research and Technology AllianceDerioSpain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
| | - Qing‐Ling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Andrew F. Hill
- Institute for Health and SportVictoria UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Metka Lenassi
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
- Paracrine Therapeutics Pte. Ltd.SingaporeSingapore
- Department of Surgery, YLL School of MedicineNational University SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Mỹ G. Mahoney
- Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell FacilityAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong S.A.R.
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Susmita Sahoo
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ana C. Torrecilhas
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e Protozoários, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Campus DiademaDiademaBrazil
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Andries Zijlstra
- Department of PathologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- GenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sarah Abuelreich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Reem Bagabas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Paolo Bergese
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI)FlorenceItaly
- National Center for Gene Therapy and Drugs based on RNA TechnologyPaduaItaly
| | - Esther M. Bridges
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Marco Brucale
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ‐ Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali NanostrutturatiBolognaItaly
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande InterfaseFlorenceItaly
| | - Dylan Burger
- Kidney Research CentreOttawa Hopsital Research InstituteOttawaCanada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Randy P. Carney
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emanuele Cocucci
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Federico Colombo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Rossella Crescitelli
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical SciencesSahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Clinical SciencesSahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Edveena Hanser
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | | | - Norman J. Haughey
- Departments of Neurology and PsychiatryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Alexander R. Ivanov
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Tijana Jovanovic‐Talisman
- Department of Cancer Biology and Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Nicole A. Kruh‐Garcia
- Bio‐pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Academic Resource Center (BioMARC)Infectious Disease Research Center, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Vroniqa Ku'ulei‐Lyn Faustino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Diego Kyburz
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of RheumatologyUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionInstitute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Kathleen M. Lennon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jan Lötvall
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Adam L. Maddox
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elena S. Martens‐Uzunova
- Erasmus MC Cancer InstituteUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of UrologyRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rachel R. Mizenko
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lauren A. Newman
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Andrea Ridolfi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and LaserLaB AmsterdamVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eva Rohde
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University HospitalSalzburger Landeskliniken GmbH of Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- GMP Unit, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Transfer Centre for Extracellular Vesicle Theralytic Technologies, EV‐TTSalzburgAustria
| | - Tatu Rojalin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- Expansion Therapeutics, Structural Biology and BiophysicsJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Andrew Rowland
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Andras Saftics
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ursula S. Sandau
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Julie A. Saugstad
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Faezeh Shekari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Celer DiagnosticsTorontoCanada
| | - Simon Swift
- Waipapa Taumata Rau University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Dmitry Ter‐Ovanesyan
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired EngineeringHarvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Juan P. Tosar
- Universidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay
- Institut Pasteur de MontevideoMontevideoUruguay
| | - Zivile Useckaite
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Francesco Valle
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ‐ Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali NanostrutturatiBolognaItaly
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande InterfaseFlorenceItaly
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Biological Nanochemistry Research GroupInstitute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation BiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn J. C. van Herwijnen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marca H. M. Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Andrea Zendrini
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI)FlorenceItaly
| | - Alan J. Zimmerman
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Clotilde Théry
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932PSL UniversityParisFrance
- CurieCoreTech Extracellular Vesicles, Institut CurieParisFrance
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- EV Core Facility “EXCEL”, Institute for Basic Biomedical SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Welsh JA, Goberdhan DC, O'Driscoll L, Théry C, Witwer KW. MISEV2023: An updated guide to EV research and applications. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12416. [PMID: 38400602 PMCID: PMC10891433 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Deborah C. Goberdhan
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive HealthUniversity of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Trinity St. James's Cancer InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Clotilde Théry
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932PSL UniversityParisFrance
- CurieCoreTech Extracellular VesiclesInstitut CurieParisFrance
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- EV Core Facility “EXCEL”, Institute for Basic Biomedical SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Nishio K, Pasquet L, Camara K, DiSapio J, Hsu KS, Kato S, Bloom A, Richardson SK, Welsh JA, Jiang T, Jones JC, Cardell S, Watarai H, Terabe M, Olkhanud PB, Howell AR, Berzofsky JA. Lysosomal processing of sulfatide analogs alters target NKT cell specificity and immune responses in cancer. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e165281. [PMID: 38127463 PMCID: PMC10866642 DOI: 10.1172/jci165281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In a structure-function study of sulfatides that typically stimulate type II NKT cells, we made an unexpected discovery. We compared analogs with sphingosine or phytosphingosine chains and 24-carbon acyl chains with 0-1-2 double bonds (C or pC24:0, 24:1, or 24:2). C24:1 and C24:2 sulfatide presented by the CD1d monomer on plastic stimulated type II, not type I, NKT cell hybridomas, as expected. Unexpectedly, when presented by bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs), C24:2 reversed specificity to stimulate type I, not type II, NKT cell hybridomas, mimicking the corresponding β-galactosylceramide (βGalCer) without sulfate. C24:2 induced IFN-γ-dependent immunoprotection against CT26 colon cancer lung metastases, skewed the cytokine profile, and activated conventional DC subset 1 cells (cDC1s). This was abrogated by blocking lysosomal processing with bafilomycin A1, or by sulfite blocking of arylsulfatase or deletion of this enyzme that cleaves off sulfate. Thus, C24:2 was unexpectedly processed in BMDCs from a type II to a type I NKT cell-stimulating ligand, promoting tumor immunity. We believe this is the first discovery showing that antigen processing of glycosylceramides alters the specificity for the target cell, reversing the glycolipid's function from stimulating type II NKT cells to stimulating type I NKT cells, thereby introducing protective functional activity in cancer. We also believe our study uncovers a new role for antigen processing that does not involve MHC loading but rather alteration of which type of cell is responding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Nishio
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lise Pasquet
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kaddy Camara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julia DiSapio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kevin S. Hsu
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shingo Kato
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anja Bloom
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tianbo Jiang
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Susanna Cardell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hiroshi Watarai
- Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Terabe
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Purevdorj B. Olkhanud
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amy R. Howell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jay A. Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Cook S, Tang VA, Lannigan J, Jones JC, Welsh JA. Quantitative flow cytometry enables end-to-end optimization of cross-platform extracellular vesicle studies. Cell Rep Methods 2023; 3:100664. [PMID: 38113854 PMCID: PMC10753385 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry (FCM) is a common method for characterizing extracellular particles (EPs), including viruses and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Frameworks such as MIFlowCyt-EV exist to provide reporting guidelines for metadata, controls, and data reporting. However, tools to optimize FCM for EP analysis in a systematic and quantitative way are lacking. Here, we demonstrate a cohesive set of methods and software tools that optimize FCM settings and facilitate cross-platform comparisons for EP studies. We introduce an automated small-particle optimization (SPOT) pipeline to optimize FCM fluorescence and light scatter detector settings for EP analysis and leverage quantitative FCM (qFCM) as a tool to further enable FCM optimization of fluorophore panel selection, laser power, pulse statistics, and window extensions. Finally, we demonstrate the value of qFCM to facilitate standardized cross-platform comparisons, irrespective of instrument configuration, settings, and sensitivity, in a cross-platform standardization study utilizing a commercially available EV reference material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Cook
- Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vera A Tang
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Flow Cytometry and Virometry Core Facility, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer C Jones
- Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Lucien F, Gustafson D, Lenassi M, Li B, Teske JJ, Boilard E, von Hohenberg KC, Falcón‐Perez JM, Gualerzi A, Reale A, Jones JC, Lässer C, Lawson C, Nazarenko I, O'Driscoll L, Pink R, Siljander PR, Soekmadji C, Hendrix A, Welsh JA, Witwer KW, Nieuwland R. MIBlood-EV: Minimal information to enhance the quality and reproducibility of blood extracellular vesicle research. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12385. [PMID: 38063210 PMCID: PMC10704543 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood is the most commonly used body fluid for extracellular vesicle (EV) research. The composition of a blood sample and its derivatives (i.e., plasma and serum) are not only donor-dependent but also influenced by collection and preparation protocols. Since there are hundreds of pre-analytical protocols and over forty variables, the development of standard operating procedures for EV research is very challenging. To improve the reproducibility of blood EV research, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) Blood EV Task Force proposes standardized reporting of (i) the applied blood collection and preparation protocol and (ii) the quality of the prepared plasma and serum samples. Gathering detailed information will provide insight into the performance of the protocols and more effectively identify potential confounders in the prepared plasma and serum samples. To collect this information, the ISEV Blood EV Task Force created the Minimal Information for Blood EV research (MIBlood-EV), a tool to record and report information about pre-analytical protocols used for plasma and serum preparation as well as assays used to assess the quality of these preparations. This tool does not require modifications of established local pre-analytical protocols and can be easily implemented to enhance existing databases thereby enabling evidence-based optimization of pre-analytical protocols through meta-analysis. Taken together, insight into the quality of prepared plasma and serum samples will (i) improve the quality of biobanks for EV research, (ii) guide the exchange of plasma and serum samples between biobanks and laboratories, (iii) facilitate inter-laboratory comparative EV studies, and (iv) improve the peer review process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Lucien
- Department of UrologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Department of ImmunologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Dakota Gustafson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Toronto General Hospital Research InstituteTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Public Health SciencesQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Metka Lenassi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, and Amsterdam Vesicle CenterAmsterdam UMClocation AMCAmsterdamNetherlands
| | | | - Eric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval, Département de microbiologie et immunologieFaculté de Médecine de l'Université LavalQuébecQuebecCanada
| | | | - Juan Manual Falcón‐Perez
- Exosomes laboratory and Metabolomics PlatformCIC bioGUNE‐BRTADerioSpain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
| | | | - Antonia Reale
- Division of Blood CancersMonash University ‐ Alfred HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine at the Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | | | - Irina Nazarenko
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Control, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, German Cancer Consortium
- Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research CenterHeidelbergGermany
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute & Trinity St. James's Cancer InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Ryan Pink
- Faculty Health and Life SciencesOxford Brookes UniversityOxfordUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Pia R‐M Siljander
- EV‐group, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical BiosciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Carolina Soekmadji
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, and Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUnited States
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, and Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUnited States
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, and Amsterdam Vesicle CenterAmsterdam UMClocation AMCAmsterdamNetherlands
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de Oliveira GP, Welsh JA, Pinckney B, Palu CC, Lu S, Zimmerman A, Barbosa RH, Sahu P, Noshin M, Gummuluru S, Tigges J, Jones JC, Ivanov AR, Ghiran IC. Human red blood cells release microvesicles with distinct sizes and protein composition that alter neutrophil phagocytosis. J Extracell Biol 2023; 2:e107. [PMID: 37942280 PMCID: PMC10629908 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound structures released by cells and tissues into biofluids, involved in cell-cell communication. In humans, circulating red blood cells (RBCs), represent the most common cell-type in the body, generating daily large numbers of microvesicles. In vitro, RBC vesiculation can be mimicked by stimulating RBCs with calcium ionophores, such as ionomycin and A23187. The fate of microvesicles released during in vivo aging of RBCs and their interactions with circulating cells is hitherto unknown. Using SEC plus DEG isolation methods, we have found that human RBCs generate microvesicles with two distinct sizes, densities, and protein composition, identified by flow cytometry, and MRPS, and further validated by immune TEM. Furthermore, proteomic analysis revealed that RBC-derived microvesicles (RBC-MVs) are enriched in proteins with important functions in ion channel regulation, calcium homeostasis, and vesicular transport, such as of sorcin, stomatin, annexin A7, and RAB proteins. Cryo-electron microscopy identified two separate pathways of RBC-MV-neutrophil interaction, direct fusion with the plasma membrane and internalization, respectively. Functionally, RBC-MVs decrease neutrophil ability to phagocytose E. coli but do not affect their survival at 24 hrs. This work brings new insights regarding the complexity of the RBC-MVs biogenesis, as well as their possible role in circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getulio Pereira de Oliveira
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyBarnett Institute of Chemical & Biological AnalysisNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Brandy Pinckney
- Nano Flow Core FacilityBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Shulin Lu
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alan Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyBarnett Institute of Chemical & Biological AnalysisNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Raquel Hora Barbosa
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Parul Sahu
- Department of AnesthesiaBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Maeesha Noshin
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Suryaram Gummuluru
- Department of MicrobiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - John Tigges
- Nano Flow Core FacilityBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jennifer Clare Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Alexander R. Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyBarnett Institute of Chemical & Biological AnalysisNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ionita C. Ghiran
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of AnesthesiaBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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7
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Pleet M, Cook S, Tang VA, Stack E, Ford VJ, Lannigan J, Do N, Wenger E, Fraikin JL, Jacobson S, Jones JC, Welsh JA. Extracellular Vesicle Refractive Index Derivation Utilizing Orthogonal Characterization. Nano Lett 2023; 23:9195-9202. [PMID: 37788377 PMCID: PMC10603804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of small particles, including extracellular vesicles and viruses, is contingent on their ability to scatter sufficient light to be detected. These detection methods include flow cytometry, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and single particle reflective image sensing. To standardize measurements and enable orthogonal comparisons between platforms, a quantifiable limit of detection is required. The main parameters that dictate the amount of light scattered by particles include size, morphology, and refractive index. To date, there has been a lack of accessible techniques for measuring the refractive index of nanoparticles at a single-particle level. Here, we demonstrate two methods of deriving a small particle refractive index using orthogonal measurements with commercially available platforms. These methods can be applied at either a single-particle or population level, enabling the integration of diameter and scattering cross section values to derive the refractive index using Mie theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle
L. Pleet
- Viral
Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Sean Cook
- Laboratory
of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer
Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Vera A. Tang
- Faculty
of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa Flow Cytometry & Virometry
Core Facility, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Emily Stack
- Viral
Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Verity J. Ford
- Critical
Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 United States
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow
Cytometry Support Services, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, United States
| | - Ngoc Do
- Spectradyne, Signal Hill, California 90755, United States
| | - Ellie Wenger
- Spectradyne, Signal Hill, California 90755, United States
| | | | - Steven Jacobson
- Viral
Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Laboratory
of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer
Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Laboratory
of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer
Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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8
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Pleet ML, Welsh JA, Stack EH, Cook S, Johnson DA, Killingsworth B, Traynor T, Clauze A, Hughes R, Monaco MC, Ngouth N, Ohayon J, Enose-Akahata Y, Nath A, Cortese I, Reich DS, Jones JC, Jacobson S. Viral Immune signatures from cerebrospinal fluid extracellular vesicles and particles in HAM and other chronic neurological diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1235791. [PMID: 37622115 PMCID: PMC10446883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1235791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) are released from virtually all cell types, and may package many inflammatory factors and, in the case of infection, viral components. As such, EVPs can play not only a direct role in the development and progression of disease but can also be used as biomarkers. Here, we characterized immune signatures of EVPs from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of individuals with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM), other chronic neurologic diseases, and healthy volunteers (HVs) to determine potential indicators of viral involvement and mechanisms of disease. Methods We analyzed the EVPs from the CSF of HVs, individuals with HAM, HTLV-1-infected asymptomatic carriers (ACs), and from patients with a variety of chronic neurologic diseases of both known viral and non-viral etiologies to investigate the surface repertoires of CSF EVPs during disease. Results Significant increases in CD8+ and CD2+ EVPs were found in HAM patient CSF samples compared to other clinical groups (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0003 compared to HVs, respectively, and p = 0.001 and p = 0.0228 compared to MS, respectively), consistent with the immunopathologically-mediated disease associated with CD8+ T-cells in the central nervous system (CNS) of HAM patients. Furthermore, CD8+ (p < 0.0001), CD2+ (p < 0.0001), CD44+ (p = 0.0176), and CD40+ (p = 0.0413) EVP signals were significantly increased in the CSF from individuals with viral infections compared to those without. Discussion These data suggest that CD8+ and CD2+ CSF EVPs may be important as: 1) potential biomarkers and indicators of disease pathways for viral-mediated neurological diseases, particularly HAM, and 2) as possible meditators of the disease process in infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Pleet
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Emily H. Stack
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sean Cook
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dove-Anna Johnson
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bryce Killingsworth
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tim Traynor
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Annaliese Clauze
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Randall Hughes
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Maria Chiara Monaco
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nyater Ngouth
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joan Ohayon
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yoshimi Enose-Akahata
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Avindra Nath
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Irene Cortese
- Experimental Immunotherapeutics Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniel S. Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Steven Jacobson
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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9
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Arce JE, Welsh JA, Cook S, Tigges J, Ghiran I, Jones JC, Jackson A, Roth M, Milosavljevic A. The NanoFlow Repository. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad368. [PMID: 37285317 PMCID: PMC10272702 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Extracellular particles (EPs) are the focus of a rapidly growing area of exploration due to the widespread interest in understanding their roles in health and disease. However, despite the general need for EP data sharing and established community standards for data reporting, no standard repository for EP flow cytometry data captures rigor and minimum reporting standards such as those defined by MIFlowCyt-EV (https://doi.org/10.1080/20013078.2020.1713526). We sought to address this unmet need by developing the NanoFlow Repository. RESULTS We have developed The NanoFlow Repository to provide the first implementation of the MIFlowCyt-EV framework. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The NanoFlow Repository is freely available and accessible online at https://genboree.org/nano-ui/. Public datasets can be explored and downloaded at https://genboree.org/nano-ui/ld/datasets. The NanoFlow Repository's backend is built using the Genboree software stack that powers the ClinGen Resource, specifically the Linked Data Hub (LDH), a REST API framework written in Node.js, developed initially to aggregate data within ClinGen (https://ldh.clinicalgenome.org/ldh/ui/about). NanoFlow's LDH (NanoAPI) is available at https://genboree.org/nano-api/srvc. NanoAPI is supported by a Node.js Genboree authentication and authorization service (GbAuth), a graph database called ArangoDB, and an Apache Pulsar message queue (NanoMQ) to manage data inflows into NanoAPI. The website for NanoFlow Repository is built with Vue.js and Node.js (NanoUI) and supports all major browsers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie E Arce
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Sean Cook
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - John Tigges
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Ionita Ghiran
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Andrew Jackson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Matthew Roth
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Aleksandar Milosavljevic
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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10
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Welsh JA, Pyo E, Huneault H, Gonzalez Ramirez L, Alazraki A, Alli R, Dunbar SB, Khanna G, Knight-Scott J, Pimentel A, Reed B, Rodney-Somersall C, Santoro N, Umpierrez G, Vos MB. Study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial using a novel, family-centered diet treatment to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Hispanic children. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 129:107170. [PMID: 37019180 PMCID: PMC10734403 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading liver disorder among U.S. children and is most prevalent among Hispanic children with obesity. Previous research has shown that reducing the consumption of free sugars (added sugars + naturally occurring sugars in fruit juice) can reverse liver steatosis in adolescents with NAFLD. This study aims to determine if a low-free sugar diet (LFSD) can prevent liver fat accumulation and NAFLD in high-risk children. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, we will enroll 140 Hispanic children aged 6 to 9 years who are ≥50th percentile BMI and without a previous diagnosis of NAFLD. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an experimental (LFSD) or a control (usual diet + educational materials) group. The one-year intervention includes removal of foods high in free sugars from the home at baseline, provision of LFSD household groceries for the entire family (weeks 1-4, 12, 24, and 36), dietitian-guided family grocery shopping sessions (weeks 12, 24, and 36), and ongoing education and motivational interviewing to promote LFSD. Both groups complete assessment measures at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Primary study outcomes are percent hepatic fat at 12 months and incidence of clinically significant hepatic steatosis (>5%) + elevated liver enzymes at 24 months. Secondary outcomes include metabolic markers potentially mediating or moderating NAFLD pathogenesis. DISCUSSION This protocol describes the rationale, eligibility criteria, recruitment strategies, analysis plan as well as a novel dietary intervention design. Study results will inform future dietary guidelines for pediatric NAFLD prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05292352.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Welsh
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - E Pyo
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - H Huneault
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - L Gonzalez Ramirez
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - A Alazraki
- Department of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - R Alli
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - S B Dunbar
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - G Khanna
- Department of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jack Knight-Scott
- Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - A Pimentel
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - B Reed
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - C Rodney-Somersall
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - N Santoro
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States; Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, "V.Tiberio" University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy; Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - G Umpierrez
- Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - M B Vos
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States.
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11
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Welsh JA, Arkesteijn GJA, Bremer M, Cimorelli M, Dignat-George F, Giebel B, Görgens A, Hendrix A, Kuiper M, Lacroix R, Lannigan J, van Leeuwen TG, Lozano-Andrés E, Rao S, Robert S, de Rond L, Tang VA, Tertel T, Yan X, Wauben MHM, Nolan JP, Jones JC, Nieuwland R, van der Pol E. A compendium of single extracellular vesicle flow cytometry. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12299. [PMID: 36759917 PMCID: PMC9911638 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flow cytometry (FCM) offers a multiparametric technology capable of characterizing single extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, most flow cytometers are designed to detect cells, which are larger than EVs. Whereas cells exceed the background noise, signals originating from EVs partly overlap with the background noise, thereby making EVs more difficult to detect than cells. This technical mismatch together with complexity of EV-containing fluids causes limitations and challenges with conducting, interpreting and reproducing EV FCM experiments. To address and overcome these challenges, researchers from the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV), International Society for Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC), and the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) joined forces and initiated the EV FCM working group. To improve the interpretation, reporting, and reproducibility of future EV FCM data, the EV FCM working group published an ISEV position manuscript outlining a framework of minimum information that should be reported about an FCM experiment on single EVs (MIFlowCyt-EV). However, the framework contains limited background information. Therefore, the goal of this compendium is to provide the background information necessary to design and conduct reproducible EV FCM experiments. This compendium contains background information on EVs, the interaction between light and EVs, FCM hardware, experimental design and preanalytical procedures, sample preparation, assay controls, instrument data acquisition and calibration, EV characterization, and data reporting. Although this compendium focuses on EVs, many concepts and explanations could also be applied to FCM detection of other particles within the EV size range, such as bacteria, lipoprotein particles, milk fat globules, and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ger J A Arkesteijn
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Bremer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Cimorelli
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
- Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, CHU La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Clinical Research Center, Department for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Evox Therapeutics Ltd, Oxford, UK
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martine Kuiper
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Metrology Institute, VSL, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Romaric Lacroix
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
- Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, CHU La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow Cytometry Support Services, LLC, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Ton G van Leeuwen
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Andrés
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shoaib Rao
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stéphane Robert
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, UFR de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
- Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, CHU La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Leonie de Rond
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vera A Tang
- Flow Cytometry & Virometry Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Marca H M Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John P Nolan
- Scintillon Institute, San Diego, California, USA
- Cellarcus Biosciences, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Nolan JP, Chiu DT, Welsh JA. Rigor and reproducibility: status and challenges for single vesicle analysis. Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids 2022; 3:244-248. [PMID: 37284135 PMCID: PMC10241454 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2022.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This report summarises the presentations and activities of the SELECTBIO Workshop on Rigor and Reproducibility in EV Research and Single EV Analysis held in San Diego, USA, in December 2021. The motivation for the session was the recognition that progress in the extracellular vesicle (EV) field is limited by the availability of rigorous and reproducible EV measurement tools. These tools are absolutely required for EVs to evolve from a research lab curiosity to something that will improve our ability to understand, diagnose, treat, and prevent disease. The program focused on guidelines for EV measurement and characterization as laid out in the recent MISEV2018 and MIFlowCyt-EV publications, their implementation in routine practice, and their continued evolution as new EV measurement technologies are introduced. The conclusion of the workshop was that more effort focused on pre-analytical issues and benchmarking of isolation methods is needed to strengthen collaborations and advance more effective biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Nolan
- Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
- Cellarcus Biosciences, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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13
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Mateescu B, Jones JC, Alexander RP, Alsop E, An JY, Asghari M, Boomgarden A, Bouchareychas L, Cayota A, Chang HC, Charest A, Chiu DT, Coffey RJ, Das S, De Hoff P, deMello A, D’Souza-Schorey C, Elashoff D, Eliato KR, Franklin JL, Galas DJ, Gerstein MB, Ghiran IH, Go DB, Gould S, Grogan TR, Higginbotham JN, Hladik F, Huang TJ, Huo X, Hutchins E, Jeppesen DK, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Kim BY, Kim S, Kim KM, Kim Y, Kitchen RR, Knouse V, LaPlante EL, Lebrilla CB, Lee LJ, Lennon KM, Li G, Li F, Li T, Liu T, Liu Z, Maddox AL, McCarthy K, Meechoovet B, Maniya N, Meng Y, Milosavljevic A, Min BH, Morey A, Ng M, Nolan J, De Oliveira Junior GP, Paulaitis ME, Phu TA, Raffai RL, Reátegui E, Roth ME, Routenberg DA, Rozowsky J, Rufo J, Senapati S, Shachar S, Sharma H, Sood AK, Stavrakis S, Stürchler A, Tewari M, Tosar JP, Tucker-Schwartz AK, Turchinovich A, Valkov N, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Vickers KC, Vojtech L, Vreeland WN, Wang C, Wang K, Wang Z, Welsh JA, Witwer KW, Wong DT, Xia J, Xie YH, Yang K, Zaborowski MP, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Zivkovic AM, Laurent LC. Phase 2 of extracellular RNA communication consortium charts next-generation approaches for extracellular RNA research. iScience 2022; 25:104653. [PMID: 35958027 PMCID: PMC9358052 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular RNA communication consortium (ERCC) is an NIH-funded program aiming to promote the development of new technologies, resources, and knowledge about exRNAs and their carriers. After Phase 1 (2013-2018), Phase 2 of the program (ERCC2, 2019-2023) aims to fill critical gaps in knowledge and technology to enable rigorous and reproducible methods for separation and characterization of both bulk populations of exRNA carriers and single EVs. ERCC2 investigators are also developing new bioinformatic pipelines to promote data integration through the exRNA atlas database. ERCC2 has established several Working Groups (Resource Sharing, Reagent Development, Data Analysis and Coordination, Technology Development, nomenclature, and Scientific Outreach) to promote collaboration between ERCC2 members and the broader scientific community. We expect that ERCC2's current and future achievements will significantly improve our understanding of exRNA biology and the development of accurate and efficient exRNA-based diagnostic, prognostic, and theranostic biomarker assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Mateescu
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Eric Alsop
- Neurogenomics Division, TGen, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Ji Yeong An
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mohammad Asghari
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alex Boomgarden
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Laura Bouchareychas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Alfonso Cayota
- Functional Genomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- University Hospital, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Hsueh-Chia Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Al Charest
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Robert J. Coffey
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew deMello
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - David Elashoff
- Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kiarash R. Eliato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Franklin
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - David J. Galas
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Mark B. Gerstein
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ionita H. Ghiran
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David B. Go
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Stephen Gould
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tristan R. Grogan
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James N. Higginbotham
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Florian Hladik
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Xiaoye Huo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | | | - Dennis K. Jeppesen
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Tijana Jovanovic-Talisman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Betty Y.S. Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology & Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Kim
- Department of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Robert R. Kitchen
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vaughan Knouse
- Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emily L. LaPlante
- Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - L. James Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Lennon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tieyi Li
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1595, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Zirui Liu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1595, USA
| | - Adam L. Maddox
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Kyle McCarthy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | | | - Nalin Maniya
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Yingchao Meng
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandar Milosavljevic
- Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Quantitative and Computational Biosciences Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Byoung-Hoon Min
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Amber Morey
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Martin Ng
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - John Nolan
- Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael E. Paulaitis
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tuan Anh Phu
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Robert L. Raffai
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Surgical Service (112G), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Eduardo Reátegui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Matthew E. Roth
- Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Joel Rozowsky
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Joseph Rufo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Satyajyoti Senapati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Sigal Shachar
- Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Himani Sharma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Aderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stavros Stavrakis
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Stürchler
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Muneesh Tewari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Juan P. Tosar
- Functional Genomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Analytical Biochemistry Unit, School of Science, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | | | - Andrey Turchinovich
- Cancer Genome Research (B063), German Cancer Research Center DKFZ, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Heidelberg Biolabs GmbH, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Nedyalka Valkov
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kasey C. Vickers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lucia Vojtech
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Wyatt N. Vreeland
- Bioprocess Measurement Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Ceming Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - ZeYu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - David T.W. Wong
- Department of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jianping Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ya-Hong Xie
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1595, USA
| | - Kaichun Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Mikołaj P. Zaborowski
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznań, Poland
| | - Chenguang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Louise C. Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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14
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Welsh JA, Killingsworth B, Kepley J, Traynor T, Cook S, Savage J, Marte J, Lee MJ, Maeng HM, Pleet ML, Magana S, Gorgens A, Maire CL, Lamszus K, Ricklefs FL, Merino MJ, Linehan WM, Greten T, Cooks T, Harris CC, Apolo A, Abdel-Mageed A, Ivanov AR, Trepel JB, Roth M, Tkach M, Milosavljevic A, Théry C, LeBlanc A, Berzofsky JA, Ruppin E, Aldape K, Camphausen K, Gulley JL, Ghiran I, Jacobson S, Jones JC. MPA PASS software enables stitched multiplex, multidimensional EV repertoire analysis and a standard framework for reporting bead-based assays. Cell Rep Methods 2022; 2:100136. [PMID: 35474866 PMCID: PMC9017130 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) of various types are released or shed from all cells. EVs carry proteins and contain additional protein and nucleic acid cargo that relates to their biogenesis and cell of origin. EV cargo in liquid biopsies is of widespread interest owing to its ability to provide a retrospective snapshot of cell state at the time of EV release. For the purposes of EV cargo analysis and repertoire profiling, multiplex assays are an essential tool in multiparametric analyte studies but are still being developed for high-parameter EV protein detection. Although bead-based EV multiplex analyses offer EV profiling capabilities with conventional flow cytometers, the utilization of EV multiplex assays has been limited by the lack of software analysis tools for such assays. To facilitate robust EV repertoire studies, we developed multiplex analysis post-acquisition analysis (MPAPASS) open-source software for stitched multiplex analysis, EV database-compatible reporting, and visualization of EV repertoires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bryce Killingsworth
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julia Kepley
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tim Traynor
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sean Cook
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason Savage
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jenn Marte
- Clinical Immunotherapy Section, Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hoyoung M. Maeng
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michelle L. Pleet
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, NINDS/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Setty Magana
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, NINDS/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - André Gorgens
- Clinical Research Center, Department for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Evox Therapeutics Ltd, Oxford, UK
| | - Cecile L. Maire
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franz L. Ricklefs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria J. Merino
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W. Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tim Greten
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tomer Cooks
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI-CCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4258, USA
| | - Curtis C. Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI-CCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4258, USA
| | - Andrea Apolo
- Bladder Cancer Section, Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Asim Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alexander R. Ivanov
- Barnett Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jane B. Trepel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Roth
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mercedes Tkach
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | | | - Clotilde Théry
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Amy LeBlanc
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay A. Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Camphausen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James L. Gulley
- Clinical Immunotherapy Section, Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ionita Ghiran
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steve Jacobson
- Viral Immunology Section, Neuroimmunology Branch, NINDS/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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van der Pol E, Welsh JA, Nieuwland R. Minimum information to report about a flow cytometry experiment on extracellular vesicles: Communication from the ISTH SSC subcommittee on vascular biology. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:245-251. [PMID: 34637195 PMCID: PMC8729195 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Extracellular Vesicle Flow Cytometry Working Group (http://www.evflowcytometry.org) is formed by members of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV), the International Society for Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC), and the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH). This working group of flow cytometry experts develops guidelines for best practices regarding flow cytometry detection of extracellular vesicles. To improve rigor and standardization, this working group published a framework outlining the minimal information to report about a flow cytometry experiment on extracellular vesicles (MIFlowCyt-EV) in the Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, the ISEV journal, in 2020. In parallel, an article explaining MIFlowCyt-EV was published in Cytometry Part A, one of the ISAC journals, and now will be introduced to the ISTH as an SSC Communication in the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. The goal of this SSC Communication is to explain why flow cytometry is becoming the instrument of choice to characterize single extracellular vesicles, the obstacles that have been identified and (mostly) overcome by developing procedures to calibrate flow cytometers, and the relevance of reporting minimal information to improve reliability and reproducibility of experiments in which flow cytometers are used for characterization of extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin van der Pol
- Vesicle Observation CenterAmsterdam University Medical CentersLocation AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam University Medical CentersLocation AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam University Medical CentersLocation AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology SectionLaboratory of PathologyCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Vesicle Observation CenterAmsterdam University Medical CentersLocation AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam University Medical CentersLocation AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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16
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Witwer KW, Goberdhan DCI, O'Driscoll L, Théry C, Welsh JA, Blenkiron C, Buzás EI, Di Vizio D, Erdbrügger U, Falcón‐Pérez JM, Fu Q, Hill AF, Lenassi M, Lötvall J, Nieuwland R, Ochiya T, Rome S, Sahoo S, Zheng L. Updating MISEV: Evolving the minimal requirements for studies of extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12182. [PMID: 34953156 PMCID: PMC8710080 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (EVs, MISEV) is a field-consensus rigour initiative of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV). The last update to MISEV, MISEV2018, was informed by input from more than 400 scientists and made recommendations in the six broad topics of EV nomenclature, sample collection and pre-processing, EV separation and concentration, characterization, functional studies, and reporting requirements/exceptions. To gather opinions on MISEV and ideas for new updates, the ISEV Board of Directors canvassed previous MISEV authors and society members. Here, we share conclusions that are relevant to the ongoing evolution of the MISEV initiative and other ISEV rigour and standardization efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth W Witwer
- Departments of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology and Neurology and The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesPanoz Institute and Trinity Biomedical SciencesInstitute (TBSI) & Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute (TSJCI)Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Clotilde Théry
- INSERM U932, Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology SectionLaboratory of PathologyCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Cherie Blenkiron
- Department of Molecular Medicine and PathologyThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Edit I Buzás
- Department of GeneticsCell‐ and ImmunobiologyHCEMM‐SU Extracellular Vesicles Research Group, and ELKH‐SE Immune‐Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicles Research GroupSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Department of SurgeryDepartment of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineSamuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterDivision of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- Department of MedicineDivision of NephrologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Juan M Falcón‐Pérez
- Exosomes Laboratory & Metabolomics PlatfCIC bioGUNE‐BRTAIKERBASQUE, CIBERehdBilbaoSpain
| | - Qing‐Ling Fu
- Exosome Research and Translational CenterThe First Affiliated HospitalOtorhinolaryngology HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsLa Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia
| | - Metka Lenassi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsFaculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Jan Lötvall
- Krefting Research CentreUniversity of GothenburgGöteborgSweden
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry and Vesicle Observation CenterAmsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineTokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Sophie Rome
- CarMeN Laboratory (INSERM 1060, INRAE 1397)University of Lyon & Faculty of Medicine Lyon‐SudPierre‐BéniteFrance
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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17
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Killingsworth B, Welsh JA, Jones JC. EV Translational Horizons as Viewed Across the Complex Landscape of Liquid Biopsies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:556837. [PMID: 34616722 PMCID: PMC8488153 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.556837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular Vesicle (EV)-based diagnostic and therapeutic tools are an area of intensive study and substantial promise, but EVs as liquid biopsies have advanced years ahead of EVs as therapeutic tools. EVs are emerging as a promising approach for detecting tumors, evaluating the molecular profiles of known disease, and monitoring treatment responses. Although correlative assays based on liquid biopsies are already having an impact on translational studies and clinical practice, much remains to be learned before these assays will be optimized for clinical correlations, functional biological studies, and therapeutic use. What follows is an overview of current evidence supporting the investigation and use of liquid biopsies, organized by specific liquid biopsy components available for analysis, along with a summary of what challenges must be overcome before these assays will provide functional biological insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. The same challenges must also be overcome before it will be feasible to measure and monitor the dosing, distribution, pharmacokinetics, and delivery of EV therapeutics and their cargo in complex biofluids where EVs and circulate with and are co-isolated with a number of other nanoscale materials, including lipoproteins (LPPs), ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs), and cell free nucleic acids (cfNA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Killingsworth
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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18
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are sub-micron-sized membranous spheres secreted by cells. EVs play a functional role as intercellular communicators and are associated with a number of diseases. Research into EVs is an area of growing interest due their many potential uses as therapeutic agents, as diagnostic and theranostic biomarkers, and as regulators of cellular biology. Flow cytometry is a popular method for enumerating and phenotyping EVs, even though the majority of EVs are below the detection sensitivity of most commercially available flow cytometers. Here, we present optimized protocols for EV labeling that increase the signal-to-noise ratio of EVs by removing residual antibody. Protocols for alignment of high-resolution jet-in-air flow cytometers are also provided. Published 2020. U.S. Government. Basic Protocol 1: Bulk EV staining with CFSE protein binding dye Basic Protocol 2: Antigen-specific staining of EV markers with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies Basic Protocol 3: Astrios EQ instrument setup and sample acquisition Basic Protocol 4: Counting particles and EVs on Astrios EQ with spike-in reference beads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizea Morales-Kastresana
- Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Centre for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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19
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Maire CL, Fuh MM, Kaulich K, Fita KD, Stevic I, Heiland DH, Welsh JA, Jones JC, Görgens A, Ricklefs T, Dührsen L, Sauvigny T, Joosse SA, Reifenberger G, Pantel K, Glatzel M, Miklosi AG, Felce JH, Caselli M, Pereno V, Reimer R, Schlüter H, Westphal M, Schüller U, Lamszus K, Ricklefs FL. Genome-wide methylation profiling of glioblastoma cell-derived extracellular vesicle DNA allows tumor classification. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:1087-1099. [PMID: 33508126 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling has recently been developed into a tool that allows tumor classification in central nervous system tumors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by tumor cells and contain high molecular weight DNA, rendering EVs a potential biomarker source to identify tumor subgroups, stratify patients and monitor therapy by liquid biopsy. We investigated whether the DNA in glioblastoma cell-derived EVs reflects genome-wide tumor methylation and mutational profiles and allows noninvasive tumor subtype classification. METHODS DNA was isolated from EVs secreted by glioblastoma cells as well as from matching cultured cells and tumors. EV-DNA was localized and quantified by direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy. Methylation and copy number profiling was performed using 850k arrays. Mutations were identified by targeted gene panel sequencing. Proteins were differentially quantified by mass spectrometric proteomics. RESULTS Genome-wide methylation profiling of glioblastoma-derived EVs correctly identified the methylation class of the parental cells and original tumors, including the MGMT promoter methylation status. Tumor-specific mutations and copy number variations (CNV) were detected in EV-DNA with high accuracy. Different EV isolation techniques did not affect the methylation profiling and CNV results. DNA was present inside EVs and on the EV surface. Proteome analysis did not allow specific tumor identification or classification but identified tumor-associated proteins that could potentially be useful for enriching tumor-derived circulating EVs from biofluids. CONCLUSIONS This study provides proof of principle that EV-DNA reflects the genome-wide methylation, CNV, and mutational status of glioblastoma cells and enables their molecular classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile L Maire
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marceline M Fuh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kaulich
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Krystian D Fita
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ines Stevic
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dieter H Heiland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - André Görgens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
| | - Tammo Ricklefs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lasse Dührsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Sauvigny
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Rudolph Reimer
- Heinrich-Pette-Institut, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, and Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franz L Ricklefs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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20
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Abstract
Use of flow cytometry to analyze small particles has been implemented for several decades. More recently, small particle analysis has become increasingly utilized owing to the increased sensitivity of conventional and commercially available flow cytometers along with growing interest in small particles such as extracellular vesicles (EVs). Despite an increase in small particle flow cytometry utilization, a lack of standardization in data reporting has resulted in a growing body of literature regarding EVs that cannot be easily interpreted, validated, or reproduced. Methods for fluorescence and light scatter standardization are well established, and the reagents to perform these analyses are commercially available. Here, we describe FCMPASS , a software package for performing fluorescence and light scatter calibration of small particles while generating standard reports conforming to the MIFlowCyt-EV standard reporting framework. This article covers the workflow of implementing calibration using FCMPASS as follows: acquisition of fluorescence and light scatter calibration materials, cataloguing the reference materials for use in the software, creating cytometer databases and datasets to associate calibration data and fcs files, importing fcs files for calibration, inputting fluorescence calibration parameters, inputting light scatter calibration parameters, and applying the calibration to fcs files. Published 2020. U.S. Government. Basic Protocol 1: Acquisition and gating of light scatter calibration materials Basic Protocol 2: Acquisition and gating of fluorescence calibration materials Alternate Protocol: Cross-calibration of fluorescence reference materials Basic Protocol 3: Cataloguing light scatter calibration materials Basic Protocol 4: Cataloguing fluorescence calibration materials Basic Protocol 5: Creating cytometer databases and datasets Basic Protocol 6: Importing fcs files Basic Protocol 7: Fluorescence calibration Basic Protocol 8: Light scatter calibration Basic Protocol 9: Performing and reporting fcs file calibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Welsh
- Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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21
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de Rond L, Coumans FAW, Welsh JA, Nieuwland R, van Leeuwen TG, van der Pol E. Quantification of Light Scattering Detection Efficiency and Background in Flow Cytometry. Cytometry A 2021; 99:671-679. [PMID: 33085220 PMCID: PMC8359315 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie de Rond
- Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Vesicle Observation CenterAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Frank A. W. Coumans
- Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Vesicle Observation CenterAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institute of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Vesicle Observation CenterAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Ton G. van Leeuwen
- Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Vesicle Observation CenterAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Vesicle Observation CenterAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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22
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Welsh JA, Killingsworth B, Kepley J, Traynor T, McKinnon K, Savage J, Appel D, Aldape K, Camphausen K, Berzofsky JA, Ivanov AR, Ghiran IH, Jones JC. A simple, high-throughput method of protein and label removal from extracellular vesicle samples. Nanoscale 2021; 13:3737-3745. [PMID: 33544111 PMCID: PMC7941347 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07830a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence continues to increase of the clinical utility extracellular vesicles (EVs) as translational biomarkers. While a wide variety of EV isolation and purification methods have been implemented, few techniques are high-throughput and scalable for removing excess fluorescent reagents (e.g. dyes, antibodies). EVs are too small to be recovered from routine cell-processing procedures, such as filtration or centrifugation. The lack of suitable methods for removing unbound labels, especially in optical assays, is a major roadblock to accurate EV phenotyping and utilization of EV assays in a translational or clinical setting. Therefore, we developed a method for using a multi-modal resin, referred to as EV-Clean, to remove unbound labels from EV samples, and we demonstrate improvement in flow cytometric EV analysis with the use of this EV-Clean method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Bryce Killingsworth
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Julia Kepley
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Tim Traynor
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Kathy McKinnon
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason Savage
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Deven Appel
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Camphausen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander R Ivanov
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ionita H Ghiran
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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23
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Welsh JA, Tang VA, van der Pol E, Görgens A. MIFlowCyt-EV: The Next Chapter in the Reporting and Reliability of Single Extracellular Vesicle Flow Cytometry Experiments. Cytometry A 2020; 99:365-368. [PMID: 33200505 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vera A Tang
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Flow Cytometry and Virometry Core Facility, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Clinical Research Center, Department for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Ltd, Oxford, UK
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24
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Burnie J, Tang VA, Welsh JA, Persaud AT, Thaya L, Jones JC, Guzzo C. Flow Virometry Quantification of Host Proteins on the Surface of HIV-1 Pseudovirus Particles. Viruses 2020; 12:v12111296. [PMID: 33198254 PMCID: PMC7697180 DOI: 10.3390/v12111296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 glycoprotein spike (gp120) is typically the first viral antigen that cells encounter before initiating immune responses, and is often the sole target in vaccine designs. Thus, characterizing the presence of cellular antigens on the surfaces of HIV particles may help identify new antiviral targets or impact targeting of gp120. Despite the importance of characterizing proteins on the virion surface, current techniques available for this purpose do not support high-throughput analysis of viruses, and typically only offer a semi-quantitative assessment of virus-associated proteins. Traditional bulk techniques often assess averages of viral preparations, which may mask subtle but important differences in viral subsets. On the other hand, microscopy techniques, which provide detail on individual virions, are difficult to use in a high-throughput manner and have low levels of sensitivity for antigen detection. Flow cytometry is a technique that traditionally has been used for rapid, high-sensitivity characterization of single cells, with limited use in detecting viruses, since the small size of viral particles hinders their detection. Herein, we report the detection and surface antigen characterization of HIV-1 pseudovirus particles by light scattering and fluorescence with flow cytometry, termed flow virometry for its specific application to viruses. We quantified three cellular proteins (integrin α4β7, CD14, and CD162/PSGL-1) in the viral envelope by directly staining virion-containing cell supernatants without the requirement of additional processing steps to distinguish virus particles or specific virus purification techniques. We also show that two antigens can be simultaneously detected on the surface of individual HIV virions, probing for the tetraspanin marker, CD81, in addition to α4β7, CD14, and CD162/PSGL-1. This study demonstrates new advances in calibrated flow virometry as a tool to provide sensitive, high-throughput characterization of the viral envelope in a more efficient, quantitative manner than previously reported techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Burnie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; (J.B.); (A.T.P.); (L.T.)
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Vera A. Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Flow Cytometry and Virometry Core Facility, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.A.W.); (J.C.J.)
| | - Arvin T. Persaud
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; (J.B.); (A.T.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Laxshaginee Thaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; (J.B.); (A.T.P.); (L.T.)
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.A.W.); (J.C.J.)
| | - Christina Guzzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; (J.B.); (A.T.P.); (L.T.)
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(416)-287-7436
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25
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Welsh JA, Jenkins LM, Kepley J, Lyons GC, Moore DM, Traynor T, Berzofsky JA, Jones JC. High Sensitivity Protein Gel Electrophoresis Label Compatible with Mass-Spectrometry. Biosensors (Basel) 2020; 10:bios10110160. [PMID: 33142797 PMCID: PMC7694097 DOI: 10.3390/bios10110160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is a widely utilized technique for macromolecule and protein analysis. While multiple methods exist to visualize the separated protein bands on gels, one of most popular methods of staining the proteins is with Coomassie dye. A more recent approach is to use Bio-Rad stain-free technology for visualizing protein bands with UV light and achieve similar or greater sensitivity than that of Coomassie dye. Here, we developed a method to further amplify the sensitivity of stain-free gels using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) staining. We compared our novel method using foetal bovine serum samples with Coomassie dye, standard stain-free gels, and silver staining. Our results show that while silver staining remains a gold-standard method in terms of sensitivity; CFSE staining of samples prior to use with stain-free gels results in a 10–100-fold increase in sensitivity over Coomassie staining and the standard stain-free method. Our method offers a sensitivity similar to that of silver staining which is compatible with downstream mass spectrometry, and therefore more advantageous for further retrieval and analysis of macromolecules in bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Laboratory of Pathology, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.A.W.); (J.K.); (D.M.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Lisa M. Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.M.J.); (G.C.L.)
| | - Julia Kepley
- Laboratory of Pathology, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.A.W.); (J.K.); (D.M.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Gaelyn C. Lyons
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.M.J.); (G.C.L.)
| | - David M. Moore
- Laboratory of Pathology, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.A.W.); (J.K.); (D.M.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Tim Traynor
- Laboratory of Pathology, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.A.W.); (J.K.); (D.M.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Jay A. Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Laboratory of Pathology, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (J.A.W.); (J.K.); (D.M.M.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence:
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26
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Welsh JA, van der Pol E, Bettin BA, Carter DRF, Hendrix A, Lenassi M, Langlois MA, Llorente A, van de Nes AS, Nieuwland R, Tang V, Wang L, Witwer KW, Jones JC. Towards defining reference materials for measuring extracellular vesicle refractive index, epitope abundance, size and concentration. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1816641. [PMID: 33062218 PMCID: PMC7534292 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1816641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is critical to explore their diagnostic and therapeutic applications. As the EV research field has developed, so too have the techniques used to characterize them. The development of reference materials are required for the standardization of these techniques. This work, initiated from the ISEV 2017 Biomarker Workshop in Birmingham, UK, and with further discussion during the ISEV 2019 Standardization Workshop in Ghent, Belgium, sets out to elucidate which reference materials are required and which are currently available to standardize commonly used analysis platforms for characterizing EV refractive index, epitope abundance, size and concentration. Due to their predominant use among EV researchers, a particular focus is placed on the optical methods nanoparticle tracking analysis and flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Britta A Bettin
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David R F Carter
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Metka Lenassi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- University of Ottawa Flow Cytometry and Virometry Core Facility, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Ottawa Center for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | | | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vera Tang
- University of Ottawa Flow Cytometry and Virometry Core Facility, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lili Wang
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Departments of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology and Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
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27
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Czechowska K, Lannigan J, Aghaeepour N, Back JB, Begum J, Behbehani G, Bispo C, Bitoun D, Fernández AB, Boova ST, Brinkman RR, Ciccolella CO, Cotleur B, Davies D, Dela Cruz GV, Del Rio-Guerra R, Des Lauriers-Cox AM, Douagi I, Dumrese C, Bonilla Escobar DL, Estevam J, Ewald C, Fossum A, Gaudillière B, Green C, Groves C, Hall C, Haque Y, Hedrick MN, Hogg K, Hsieh EWY, Irish J, Lederer J, Leipold M, Lewis-Tuffin LJ, Litwin V, Lopez P, Nasdala I, Nedbal J, Ohlsson-Wilhelm BM, Price KM, Rahman AH, Rayanki R, Rieger AM, Robinson JP, Shapiro H, Sun YS, Tang VA, Tesfa L, Telford WG, Walker R, Welsh JA, Wheeler P, Tárnok A. Cyt-Geist: Current and Future Challenges in Cytometry: Reports of the CYTO 2019 Conference Workshops. Cytometry A 2020; 95:1236-1274. [PMID: 31833655 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow Cytometry Support Services, LLC, Alexandria, Virginia.,Flow Cytometry Core, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jessica B Back
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Julfa Begum
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Greg Behbehani
- Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Cláudia Bispo
- Parnassus Flow Cytometry Core, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,ISAC SRL Emerging Leader, Arlington, Virginia
| | - Daniel Bitoun
- EMA Regional Marketing, BD Lifesciences, International Office, Belgium
| | - Alfonso Blanco Fernández
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Samuel Tony Boova
- High Burden HIV Global Markets, Beckman Coulter, Inc., Miami, Florida
| | - Ryan Remy Brinkman
- Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia and British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Cytapex Bioinformatics Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Derek Davies
- Science Technology Platform Training Lead, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Gelo Victoriano Dela Cruz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology - DanStem, Flow Cytometry Platform, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roxana Del Rio-Guerra
- Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Facility, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | - Iyadh Douagi
- Flow Cytometry Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Claudia Dumrese
- Cytometry Facility, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jose Estevam
- Center of Biomarker Innovation and Development, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Christina Ewald
- Cytometry Facility Senior Scientist, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Fossum
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brice Gaudillière
- Anesthesiology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Cherie Green
- Flow Cytometry Biomarkers Development Sciences, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, California
| | - Christopher Groves
- Cytometry/Dynamic Omics in R&D Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Astra Zeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Christopher Hall
- ISAC SRL Emerging Leader, Arlington, Virginia.,Cytometry Core Facility, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Yasmin Haque
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Immunobiology and Infectious Diseases, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Karen Hogg
- Imaging and Cytometry Laboratory, Bioscience Technology Facility, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Elena W Y Hsieh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jonathan Irish
- Cancer & Immunology Core and Mass Cytometry Center of Excellence, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James Lederer
- Department of Surgery (Immunology), Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Leipold
- Human Immune Monitoring Center (HIMC), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Laura J Lewis-Tuffin
- Microscopy and Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Virginia Litwin
- Caprion Biosciences, Inc., Immunology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter Lopez
- Cytometry and Cell Sorting Laboratory, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Jakub Nedbal
- Physics Department, King's College London, London, UK.,ISAC Marylou Ingram Scholar, Arlington, Virginia
| | | | - Kylie M Price
- Hugh Green Cytometry Centre, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Adeeb H Rahman
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Dept. of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Radhika Rayanki
- Cytometry/Dynamic Omics in R&D Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Astra Zeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Aja M Rieger
- ISAC SRL Emerging Leader, Arlington, Virginia.,University of Alberta, Flow Cytometry Facility, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Alberta, Canada
| | - J Paul Robinson
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | | | | | - Vera A Tang
- University of Ottawa, Flow Cytometry and Virometry Core Facility, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lydia Tesfa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - William G Telford
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rachael Walker
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- ISAC Marylou Ingram Scholar, Arlington, Virginia.,Laboratory of Pathology, Translational Nanobiology Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paul Wheeler
- Flow Cytometry, Luminex Corporation, Peterborough, UK
| | - Attila Tárnok
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department Therapy Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig, Germany
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28
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Welsh JA, Jones JC, Tang VA. Fluorescence and Light Scatter Calibration Allow Comparisons of Small Particle Data in Standard Units across Different Flow Cytometry Platforms and Detector Settings. Cytometry A 2020; 97:592-601. [PMID: 32476280 PMCID: PMC8482305 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Flow cytometers have been utilized for the analysis of submicron-sized particles since the late 1970s. Initially, virus analyses preceded extracellular vesicle (EV), which began in the 1990s. Despite decades of documented use, the lack of standardization in data reporting has resulted in a growing body of literature that cannot be easily interpreted, validated, or reproduced. This has made it difficult for objective assessments of both assays and instruments, in-turn leading to significant hindrances in scientific progress, specifically in the study of EVs, where the phenotypic analysis of these submicron-sized vesicles is becoming common-place in every biomedical field. Methods for fluorescence and light scatter standardization are well established and the reagents to perform these analyses are commercially available. However, fluorescence and light scatter calibration are not widely adopted by the small particle community as methods to standardize flow cytometry (FCM) data. In this proof-of-concept study carried out as a resource for use at the CYTO2019 workshop, we demonstrate for the first-time simultaneous fluorescence and light scatter calibration of small particle data to show the ease and feasibility of this method for standardized FCM data reporting. This data was acquired using standard configuration commercial flow cytometers, with commercially available materials, published methods, and freely available software tools. We show that application of light scatter, fluorescence, and concentration calibration can result in highly concordant data between FCM platforms independent of instrument collection angle, gain/voltage settings, and flow rate; thus, providing a means of cross comparison in standard units. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Vera A. Tang
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Flow Cytometry and Virometry Core Facility, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada
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29
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Butement JT, Holloway PM, Welsh JA, Holloway JA, Englyst NA, Horak P, West J, Wilkinson JS. Monolithically-integrated cytometer for measuring particle diameter in the extracellular vesicle size range using multi-angle scattering. Lab Chip 2020; 20:1267-1280. [PMID: 32149292 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc01182j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Size measurement of extracellular vesicles is hampered by the high cost and measurement uncertainty of conventional flow cytometers which is mainly due to the use of non-specialised free space optics. Integrated cytometry, where the optics and fluidics are embedded in a monolithic chip shows promise for the production of low cost, micro-flow cytometers dedicated for extracellular vesicle (EV) analysis with improved size measurement accuracy and precision. This research demonstrates a unique integrated cytometer for sub-micron particle size measurement using multi-angle scattering analysis. A combination of three technologies is used: (i) Dean-based hydrodynamic focussing to deliver a tight sample core stream to the analysis region, (ii) integrated waveguides with multimode interference devices to focus a narrow excitation beam onto the sample stream, and (iii) an angular array of collection waveguides to measure particle scattering distribution and calculate diameter. Low index 200 nm liposomes could be detected and polystyrene size standards as small as 400 nm diameter could be measured with an uncertainty of ±21 nm (1/2 IQR) demonstrating a first step on the path to high performance integrated cytometry of EVs.
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30
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Welsh JA, Van Der Pol E, Arkesteijn GJA, Bremer M, Brisson A, Coumans F, Dignat-George F, Duggan E, Ghiran I, Giebel B, Görgens A, Hendrix A, Lacroix R, Lannigan J, Libregts SFWM, Lozano-Andrés E, Morales-Kastresana A, Robert S, De Rond L, Tertel T, Tigges J, De Wever O, Yan X, Nieuwland R, Wauben MHM, Nolan JP, Jones JC. MIFlowCyt-EV: a framework for standardized reporting of extracellular vesicle flow cytometry experiments. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1713526. [PMID: 32128070 PMCID: PMC7034442 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1713526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, heterogeneous and difficult to measure. Flow cytometry (FC) is a key technology for the measurement of individual particles, but its application to the analysis of EVs and other submicron particles has presented many challenges and has produced a number of controversial results, in part due to limitations of instrument detection, lack of robust methods and ambiguities in how data should be interpreted. These complications are exacerbated by the field's lack of a robust reporting framework, and many EV-FC manuscripts include incomplete descriptions of methods and results, contain artefacts stemming from an insufficient instrument sensitivity and inappropriate experimental design and lack appropriate calibration and standardization. To address these issues, a working group (WG) of EV-FC researchers from ISEV, ISAC and ISTH, worked together as an EV-FC WG and developed a consensus framework for the minimum information that should be provided regarding EV-FC. This framework incorporates the existing Minimum Information for Studies of EVs (MISEV) guidelines and Minimum Information about a FC experiment (MIFlowCyt) standard in an EV-FC-specific reporting framework (MIFlowCyt-EV) that supports reporting of critical information related to sample staining, EV detection and measurement and experimental design in manuscripts that report EV-FC data. MIFlowCyt-EV provides a structure for sharing EV-FC results, but it does not prescribe specific protocols, as there will continue to be rapid evolution of instruments and methods for the foreseeable future. MIFlowCyt-EV accommodates this evolution, while providing information needed to evaluate and compare different approaches. Because MIFlowCyt-EV will ensure consistency in the manner of reporting of EV-FC studies, over time we expect that adoption of MIFlowCyt-EV as a standard for reporting EV- FC studies will improve the ability to quantitatively compare results from different laboratories and to support the development of new instruments and assays for improved measurement of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edwin Van Der Pol
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ger J A Arkesteijn
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Bremer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alain Brisson
- UMR-5248-CBMN, CNRS-University of Bordeaux-IPB, Pessac, France
| | - Frank Coumans
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Center of Cardiovascular Research and Nutrition (C2VN) UMR-INSERM INRA 1263, Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, Marseille, France.,Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, CHU La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Ionita Ghiran
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Clinical Research Center, Department for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Ltd, Oxford, UK
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Romaric Lacroix
- Center of Cardiovascular Research and Nutrition (C2VN) UMR-INSERM INRA 1263, Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, Marseille, France.,Hematology and Vascular Biology Department, CHU La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow Cytometry Core, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sten F W M Libregts
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,NIHR Cambridge BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Andrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aizea Morales-Kastresana
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Leonie De Rond
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - John Tigges
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Flow Cytometry Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vesicle Observation Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marca H M Wauben
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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31
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Clayton A, Boilard E, Buzas EI, Cheng L, Falcón-Perez JM, Gardiner C, Gustafson D, Gualerzi A, Hendrix A, Hoffman A, Jones J, Lässer C, Lawson C, Lenassi M, Nazarenko I, O'Driscoll L, Pink R, Siljander PRM, Soekmadji C, Wauben M, Welsh JA, Witwer K, Zheng L, Nieuwland R. Considerations towards a roadmap for collection, handling and storage of blood extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1647027. [PMID: 31489143 PMCID: PMC6711123 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1647027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in exploring clinically relevant information that is present in body fluids, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are intrinsic components of body fluids ("liquid biopsies"). In this report, we will focus on blood. Blood contains not only EVs but also cells, and non-EV particles including lipoproteins. Due to the high concentration of soluble proteins and lipoproteins, blood, plasma and serum have a high viscosity and density, which hampers the concentration, isolation and detection of EVs. Because most if not all studies on EVs are single-centre studies, their clinical relevance remains limited. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve standardization and reproducibility of EV research. As a first step, the International Society on Extracellular Vesicles organized a biomarker workshop in Birmingham (UK) in November 2017, and during that workshop several working groups were created to focus on a particular body fluid. This report is the first output of the blood EV work group and is based on responses by work group members to a questionnaire in order to discover the contours of a roadmap. From the answers it is clear that most respondents are in favour of evidence-based research, education, quality control procedures, and physical models to improve our understanding and comparison of concentration, isolation and detection methods. Since blood is such a complex body fluid, we assume that the outcome of the survey may also be valuable for exploring body fluids other than blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aled Clayton
- Tissue Microenvironment Group, Division of Cancer &Genetics, School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff University, Cardiff Wales, UK
| | - Eric Boilard
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Edit I Buzas
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweiss University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Hungary
| | - Lesley Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Juan Manual Falcón-Perez
- Exosomes laboratory and Metabolomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Chris Gardiner
- Haemostasis Research Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dakota Gustafson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alice Gualerzi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics, Milan, Italy
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrew Hoffman
- Extracellular Vesicle Core, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Jones
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Lawson
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Metka Lenassi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubjana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irina Nazarenko
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ryan Pink
- Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Pia R-M Siljander
- EV-group, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carolina Soekmadji
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Marca Wauben
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ken Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, and Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, and Vesicle Observation Centre, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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32
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Welsh JA, Horak P, Wilkinson JS, Ford VJ, Jones JC, Smith D, Holloway JA, Englyst NA. FCM PASS Software Aids Extracellular Vesicle Light Scatter Standardization. Cytometry A 2019; 97:569-581. [PMID: 31250561 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a rapidly growing field due to their great potential in many areas of clinical medicine including diagnostics, prognostics, theranostics, and therapeutics. Flow cytometry is currently one of the most popular methods of analyzing EVs due to it being a high-throughput, multiparametric technique, that is readily available in the majority of research labs. Despite its wide use, few commercial flow cytometers are designed specifically for the detection of EVs. Many flow cytometers used for EV analysis are working at their detection limits and are unable to detect the majority of EVs. Currently, very little standardization exists for EV flow cytometry, which is an issue because flow cytometers vary considerably in the way they collect scattered or fluorescent light from particles being interrogated. This makes published research hard to interpret, compare, and in some cases, impossible to reproduce. Here we demonstrate a method of flow cytometer light scatter standardization, utilizing flow cytometer postacquisition analysis software (FCMPASS ). FCMPASS is built upon Mie theory and enables the approximation of flow cytometer geometric parameters either by analyzing beads of known diameter and refractive index or by inputting the collection angle if known. The software is then able to create a scatter-diameter curve and scatter-refractive index curve that enables researchers to convert scattering data and instrument sensitivity into standardized units. Furthermore, with the correct controls, light scatter data can be converted to diameter distributions or refractive index distributions. FCMPASS therefore offers a freely available and ergonomic method of standardizing and further extending EV characterization using flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Welsh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter Horak
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - James S Wilkinson
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Verity J Ford
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Anaesthetics Department, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton UK
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33
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Morales-Kastresana A, Musich TA, Welsh JA, Telford W, Demberg T, Wood JCS, Bigos M, Ross CD, Kachynski A, Dean A, Felton EJ, Van Dyke J, Tigges J, Toxavidis V, Parks DR, Overton WR, Kesarwala AH, Freeman GJ, Rosner A, Perfetto SP, Pasquet L, Terabe M, McKinnon K, Kapoor V, Trepel JB, Puri A, Kobayashi H, Yung B, Chen X, Guion P, Choyke P, Knox SJ, Ghiran I, Robert-Guroff M, Berzofsky JA, Jones JC. High-fidelity detection and sorting of nanoscale vesicles in viral disease and cancer. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1597603. [PMID: 31258878 PMCID: PMC6586126 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1597603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological nanoparticles, including viruses and extracellular vesicles (EVs), are of interest to many fields of medicine as biomarkers and mediators of or treatments for disease. However, exosomes and small viruses fall below the detection limits of conventional flow cytometers due to the overlap of particle-associated scattered light signals with the detection of background instrument noise from diffusely scattered light. To identify, sort, and study distinct subsets of EVs and other nanoparticles, as individual particles, we developed nanoscale Fluorescence Analysis and Cytometric Sorting (nanoFACS) methods to maximise information and material that can be obtained with high speed, high resolution flow cytometers. This nanoFACS method requires analysis of the instrument background noise (herein defined as the “reference noise”). With these methods, we demonstrate detection of tumour cell-derived EVs with specific tumour antigens using both fluorescence and scattered light parameters. We further validated the performance of nanoFACS by sorting two distinct HIV strains to >95% purity and confirmed the viability (infectivity) and molecular specificity (specific cell tropism) of biological nanomaterials sorted with nanoFACS. This nanoFACS method provides a unique way to analyse and sort functional EV- and viral-subsets with preservation of vesicular structure, surface protein specificity and RNA cargo activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizea Morales-Kastresana
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas A Musich
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.,Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William Telford
- Experimental Immunology and Transplantation Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thorsten Demberg
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James C S Wood
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Flow Cytometry Core, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marty Bigos
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Alan Dean
- Beckman Coulter, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | | | - John Tigges
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David R Parks
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Aparna H Kesarwala
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Ariel Rosner
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen P Perfetto
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lise Pasquet
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Masaki Terabe
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine McKinnon
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Veena Kapoor
- Experimental Immunology and Transplantation Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jane B Trepel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anu Puri
- Basic Research Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bryant Yung
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Section, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Theranostic Nanomedicine Section, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter Guion
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan J Knox
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ionita Ghiran
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marjorie Robert-Guroff
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.,Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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Murillo OD, Thistlethwaite W, Rozowsky J, Subramanian SL, Lucero R, Shah N, Jackson AR, Srinivasan S, Chung A, Laurent CD, Kitchen RR, Galeev T, Warrell J, Diao JA, Welsh JA, Hanspers K, Riutta A, Burgstaller-Muehlbacher S, Shah RV, Yeri A, Jenkins LM, Ahsen ME, Cordon-Cardo C, Dogra N, Gifford SM, Smith JT, Stolovitzky G, Tewari AK, Wunsch BH, Yadav KK, Danielson KM, Filant J, Moeller C, Nejad P, Paul A, Simonson B, Wong DK, Zhang X, Balaj L, Gandhi R, Sood AK, Alexander RP, Wang L, Wu C, Wong DTW, Galas DJ, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Patel T, Jones JC, Das S, Cheung KH, Pico AR, Su AI, Raffai RL, Laurent LC, Roth ME, Gerstein MB, Milosavljevic A. exRNA Atlas Analysis Reveals Distinct Extracellular RNA Cargo Types and Their Carriers Present across Human Biofluids. Cell 2019; 177:463-477.e15. [PMID: 30951672 PMCID: PMC6616370 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To develop a map of cell-cell communication mediated by extracellular RNA (exRNA), the NIH Extracellular RNA Communication Consortium created the exRNA Atlas resource (https://exrna-atlas.org). The Atlas version 4P1 hosts 5,309 exRNA-seq and exRNA qPCR profiles from 19 studies and a suite of analysis and visualization tools. To analyze variation between profiles, we apply computational deconvolution. The analysis leads to a model with six exRNA cargo types (CT1, CT2, CT3A, CT3B, CT3C, CT4), each detectable in multiple biofluids (serum, plasma, CSF, saliva, urine). Five of the cargo types associate with known vesicular and non-vesicular (lipoprotein and ribonucleoprotein) exRNA carriers. To validate utility of this model, we re-analyze an exercise response study by deconvolution to identify physiologically relevant response pathways that were not detected previously. To enable wide application of this model, as part of the exRNA Atlas resource, we provide tools for deconvolution and analysis of user-provided case-control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar D Murillo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William Thistlethwaite
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joel Rozowsky
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Sai Lakshmi Subramanian
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rocco Lucero
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Neethu Shah
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew R Jackson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Srimeenakshi Srinivasan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Allen Chung
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Surgical Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Clara D Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Timur Galeev
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jonathan Warrell
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - James A Diao
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ravi V Shah
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ashish Yeri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lisa M Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mehmet E Ahsen
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Navneet Dogra
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - Stacey M Gifford
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - Joshua T Smith
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - Gustavo Stolovitzky
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin H Wunsch
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
| | - Kamlesh K Yadav
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Sema4, Stamford, CT 06902, USA
| | - Kirsty M Danielson
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Justyna Filant
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Courtney Moeller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Parham Nejad
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anu Paul
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bridget Simonson
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David K Wong
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Surgical Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Exosome Diagnostics, Inc., Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Leonora Balaj
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Roopali Gandhi
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pathology and MCW Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Chunlei Wu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David T W Wong
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David J Galas
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | | | - Tushar Patel
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kei-Hoi Cheung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | - Andrew I Su
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Robert L Raffai
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Surgical Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Matthew E Roth
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark B Gerstein
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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35
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Görgens A, Bremer M, Ferrer-Tur R, Murke F, Tertel T, Horn PA, Thalmann S, Welsh JA, Probst C, Guerin C, Boulanger CM, Jones JC, Hanenberg H, Erdbrügger U, Lannigan J, Ricklefs FL, El-Andaloussi S, Giebel B. Optimisation of imaging flow cytometry for the analysis of single extracellular vesicles by using fluorescence-tagged vesicles as biological reference material. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1587567. [PMID: 30949308 PMCID: PMC6442110 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1587567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate targeted cellular interactions in normal and pathophysiological conditions and are increasingly recognised as potential biomarkers, therapeutic agents and drug delivery vehicles. Based on their size and biogenesis, EVs are classified as exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. Due to overlapping size ranges and the lack of specific markers, these classes cannot yet be distinguished experimentally. Currently, it is a major challenge in the field to define robust and sensitive technological platforms being suitable to resolve EV heterogeneity, especially for small EVs (sEVs) with diameters below 200 nm, i.e. smaller microvesicles and exosomes. Most conventional flow cytometers are not suitable for the detection of particles being smaller than 300 nm, and the poor availability of defined reference materials hampers the validation of sEV analysis protocols. Following initial reports that imaging flow cytometry (IFCM) can be used for the characterisation of larger EVs, we aimed to investigate its usability for the characterisation of sEVs. This study set out to identify optimal sample preparation and instrument settings that would demonstrate the utility of this technology for the detection of single sEVs. By using CD63eGFP-labelled sEVs as a biological reference material, we were able to define and optimise IFCM acquisition and analysis parameters on an Amnis ImageStreamX MkII instrument for the detection of single sEVs. In addition, using antibody-labelling approaches, we show that IFCM facilitates robust detection of different EV and sEV subpopulations in isolated EVs, as well as unprocessed EV-containing samples. Our results indicate that fluorescently labelled sEVs as biological reference material are highly useful for the optimisation of fluorescence-based methods for sEV analysis. Finally, we propose that IFCM will help to significantly increase our ability to assess EV heterogeneity in a rigorous and reproducible manner, and facilitate the identification of specific subsets of sEVs as useful biomarkers in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
| | - Michel Bremer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rita Ferrer-Tur
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Murke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Coralié Guerin
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, cytometry core, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Chantal M. Boulanger
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center—PARCC, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer C. Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Children’s Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow Cytometry Core, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Franz L. Ricklefs
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samir El-Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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36
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Théry C, Witwer KW, Aikawa E, Alcaraz MJ, Anderson JD, Andriantsitohaina R, Antoniou A, Arab T, Archer F, Atkin-Smith GK, Ayre DC, Bach JM, Bachurski D, Baharvand H, Balaj L, Baldacchino S, Bauer NN, Baxter AA, Bebawy M, Beckham C, Bedina Zavec A, Benmoussa A, Berardi AC, Bergese P, Bielska E, Blenkiron C, Bobis-Wozowicz S, Boilard E, Boireau W, Bongiovanni A, Borràs FE, Bosch S, Boulanger CM, Breakefield X, Breglio AM, Brennan MÁ, Brigstock DR, Brisson A, Broekman MLD, Bromberg JF, Bryl-Górecka P, Buch S, Buck AH, Burger D, Busatto S, Buschmann D, Bussolati B, Buzás EI, Byrd JB, Camussi G, Carter DRF, Caruso S, Chamley LW, Chang YT, Chen C, Chen S, Cheng L, Chin AR, Clayton A, Clerici SP, Cocks A, Cocucci E, Coffey RJ, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Couch Y, Coumans FAW, Coyle B, Crescitelli R, Criado MF, D’Souza-Schorey C, Das S, Datta Chaudhuri A, de Candia P, De Santana EF, De Wever O, del Portillo HA, Demaret T, Deville S, Devitt A, Dhondt B, Di Vizio D, Dieterich LC, Dolo V, Dominguez Rubio AP, Dominici M, Dourado MR, Driedonks TAP, Duarte FV, Duncan HM, Eichenberger RM, Ekström K, EL Andaloussi S, Elie-Caille C, Erdbrügger U, Falcón-Pérez JM, Fatima F, Fish JE, Flores-Bellver M, Försönits A, Frelet-Barrand A, Fricke F, Fuhrmann G, Gabrielsson S, Gámez-Valero A, Gardiner C, Gärtner K, Gaudin R, Gho YS, Giebel B, Gilbert C, Gimona M, Giusti I, Goberdhan DCI, Görgens A, Gorski SM, Greening DW, Gross JC, Gualerzi A, Gupta GN, Gustafson D, Handberg A, Haraszti RA, Harrison P, Hegyesi H, Hendrix A, Hill AF, Hochberg FH, Hoffmann KF, Holder B, Holthofer H, Hosseinkhani B, Hu G, Huang Y, Huber V, Hunt S, Ibrahim AGE, Ikezu T, Inal JM, Isin M, Ivanova A, Jackson HK, Jacobsen S, Jay SM, Jayachandran M, Jenster G, Jiang L, Johnson SM, Jones JC, Jong A, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Jung S, Kalluri R, Kano SI, Kaur S, Kawamura Y, Keller ET, Khamari D, Khomyakova E, Khvorova A, Kierulf P, Kim KP, Kislinger T, Klingeborn M, Klinke DJ, Kornek M, Kosanović MM, Kovács ÁF, Krämer-Albers EM, Krasemann S, Krause M, Kurochkin IV, Kusuma GD, Kuypers S, Laitinen S, Langevin SM, Languino LR, Lannigan J, Lässer C, Laurent LC, Lavieu G, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Le Lay S, Lee MS, Lee YXF, Lemos DS, Lenassi M, Leszczynska A, Li ITS, Liao K, Libregts SF, Ligeti E, Lim R, Lim SK, Linē A, Linnemannstöns K, Llorente A, Lombard CA, Lorenowicz MJ, Lörincz ÁM, Lötvall J, Lovett J, Lowry MC, Loyer X, Lu Q, Lukomska B, Lunavat TR, Maas SLN, Malhi H, Marcilla A, Mariani J, Mariscal J, Martens-Uzunova ES, Martin-Jaular L, Martinez MC, Martins VR, Mathieu M, Mathivanan S, Maugeri M, McGinnis LK, McVey MJ, Meckes DG, Meehan KL, Mertens I, Minciacchi VR, Möller A, Møller Jørgensen M, Morales-Kastresana A, Morhayim J, Mullier F, Muraca M, Musante L, Mussack V, Muth DC, Myburgh KH, Najrana T, Nawaz M, Nazarenko I, Nejsum P, Neri C, Neri T, Nieuwland R, Nimrichter L, Nolan JP, Nolte-’t Hoen ENM, Noren Hooten N, O’Driscoll L, O’Grady T, O’Loghlen A, Ochiya T, Olivier M, Ortiz A, Ortiz LA, Osteikoetxea X, Østergaard O, Ostrowski M, Park J, Pegtel DM, Peinado H, Perut F, Pfaffl MW, Phinney DG, Pieters BCH, Pink RC, Pisetsky DS, Pogge von Strandmann E, Polakovicova I, Poon IKH, Powell BH, Prada I, Pulliam L, Quesenberry P, Radeghieri A, Raffai RL, Raimondo S, Rak J, Ramirez MI, Raposo G, Rayyan MS, Regev-Rudzki N, Ricklefs FL, Robbins PD, Roberts DD, Rodrigues SC, Rohde E, Rome S, Rouschop KMA, Rughetti A, Russell AE, Saá P, Sahoo S, Salas-Huenuleo E, Sánchez C, Saugstad JA, Saul MJ, Schiffelers RM, Schneider R, Schøyen TH, Scott A, Shahaj E, Sharma S, Shatnyeva O, Shekari F, Shelke GV, Shetty AK, Shiba K, Siljander PRM, Silva AM, Skowronek A, Snyder OL, Soares RP, Sódar BW, Soekmadji C, Sotillo J, Stahl PD, Stoorvogel W, Stott SL, Strasser EF, Swift S, Tahara H, Tewari M, Timms K, Tiwari S, Tixeira R, Tkach M, Toh WS, Tomasini R, Torrecilhas AC, Tosar JP, Toxavidis V, Urbanelli L, Vader P, van Balkom BWM, van der Grein SG, Van Deun J, van Herwijnen MJC, Van Keuren-Jensen K, van Niel G, van Royen ME, van Wijnen AJ, Vasconcelos MH, Vechetti IJ, Veit TD, Vella LJ, Velot É, Verweij FJ, Vestad B, Viñas JL, Visnovitz T, Vukman KV, Wahlgren J, Watson DC, Wauben MHM, Weaver A, Webber JP, Weber V, Wehman AM, Weiss DJ, Welsh JA, Wendt S, Wheelock AM, Wiener Z, Witte L, Wolfram J, Xagorari A, Xander P, Xu J, Yan X, Yáñez-Mó M, Yin H, Yuana Y, Zappulli V, Zarubova J, Žėkas V, Zhang JY, Zhao Z, Zheng L, Zheutlin AR, Zickler AM, Zimmermann P, Zivkovic AM, Zocco D, Zuba-Surma EK. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1535750. [PMID: 30637094 PMCID: PMC6322352 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1535750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6219] [Impact Index Per Article: 1036.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles ("MISEV") guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these "MISEV2014" guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clotilde Théry
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Jose Alcaraz
- Interuniversity Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), University of Valencia, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Anna Antoniou
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University Hospital Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Tanina Arab
- Université de Lille, INSERM, U-1192, Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, Lille, France
| | - Fabienne Archer
- University of Lyon, INRA, EPHE, UMR754 Viral Infections and Comparative Pathology, Lyon, France
| | - Georgia K Atkin-Smith
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - D Craig Ayre
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, Canada
- Mount Allison University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Sackville, Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Bach
- Université Bretagne Loire, Oniris, INRA, IECM, Nantes, France
| | - Daniel Bachurski
- University of Cologne, Department of Internal Medicine I, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Cell Science Research Center, Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Tehran, Iran
- University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Department of Developmental Biology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leonora Balaj
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Natalie N Bauer
- University of South Alabama, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Lung Biology, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Amy A Baxter
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- University of Technology Sydney, Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Apolonija Bedina Zavec
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Abderrahim Benmoussa
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - Paolo Bergese
- CSGI - Research Center for Colloids and Nanoscience, Florence, Italy
- INSTM - National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy
- University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ewa Bielska
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Sylwia Bobis-Wozowicz
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Eric Boilard
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Wilfrid Boireau
- FEMTO-ST Institute, UBFC, CNRS, ENSMM, UTBM, Besançon, France
| | - Antonella Bongiovanni
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology (IBIM), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesc E Borràs
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, REMAR-IVECAT Group, Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Nephrology Service, Badalona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Steffi Bosch
- Université Bretagne Loire, Oniris, INRA, IECM, Nantes, France
| | - Chantal M Boulanger
- INSERM UMR-S 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Xandra Breakefield
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew M Breglio
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meadhbh Á Brennan
- Harvard University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA
- Université de Nantes, INSERM UMR 1238, Bone Sarcoma and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, PhyOS, Nantes, France
| | - David R Brigstock
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alain Brisson
- UMR-CBMN, CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marike LD Broekman
- Haaglanden Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline F Bromberg
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Shilpa Buch
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Amy H Buck
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dylan Burger
- Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sara Busatto
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Transplantation, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Dominik Buschmann
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Freising, Germany
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Torino, Italy
| | - Edit I Buzás
- MTA-SE Immuno-Proteogenomics Research Groups, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - James Bryan Byrd
- University of Michigan, Department of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- University of Torino, Department of Medical Sciences, Torino, Italy
| | - David RF Carter
- Oxford Brookes University, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Caruso
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Lawrence W Chamley
- University of Auckland, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yu-Ting Chang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chihchen Chen
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- National Tsing Hua University, Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shuai Chen
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Reproductive Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Lesley Cheng
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | | | - Aled Clayton
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Alex Cocks
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Emanuele Cocucci
- The Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Epithelial Biology Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Yvonne Couch
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Acute Stroke Programme - Investigative Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | - Frank AW Coumans
- Academic Medical Centre of the University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Vesicle Observation Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Beth Coyle
- The University of Nottingham, School of Medicine, Children’s Brain Tumour Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rossella Crescitelli
- University of Gothenburg, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Krefting Research Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Saumya Das
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amrita Datta Chaudhuri
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Eliezer F De Santana
- The Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hernando A del Portillo
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), PVREX group, Badalona, Spain
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, PVREX Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanguy Demaret
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah Deville
- Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Andrew Devitt
- Aston University, School of Life & Health Sciences, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bert Dhondt
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University Hospital, Department of Urology, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Vincenza Dolo
- University of L’Aquila, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Ana Paula Dominguez Rubio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Massimo Dominici
- TPM of Mirandola, Mirandola, Italy
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Division of Oncology, Modena, Italy
| | - Mauricio R Dourado
- University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba, Brazil
- University of Oulu, Faculty of Medicine, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tom AP Driedonks
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Heather M Duncan
- McGill University, Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Canada
- McGill University, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Child Health and Human Development Program, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ramon M Eichenberger
- James Cook University, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Cairns, Australia
| | - Karin Ekström
- University of Gothenburg, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Biomaterials, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Samir EL Andaloussi
- Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Uta Erdbrügger
- University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Juan M Falcón-Pérez
- CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Exosomes Laboratory & Metabolomics Platform, Derio, Spain
- IKERBASQUE Research Science Foundation, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Farah Fatima
- University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Jason E Fish
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Canada
| | - Miguel Flores-Bellver
- University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Cell Sight-Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - András Försönits
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Fabia Fricke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Institute of Pathology, Applied Tumor Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gregor Fuhrmann
- Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Susanne Gabrielsson
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine Solna, Division for Immunology and Allergy, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Gámez-Valero
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, REMAR-IVECAT Group, Badalona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital Universitari and Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Department of Pathology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Kathrin Gärtner
- Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Gene Vectors, Munich, Germany
| | - Raphael Gaudin
- INSERM U1110, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yong Song Gho
- POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology), Department of Life Sciences, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Bernd Giebel
- University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Essen, Germany
| | - Caroline Gilbert
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Mario Gimona
- Paracelsus Medical University, GMP Unit, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ilaria Giusti
- University of L’Aquila, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Deborah CI Goberdhan
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - André Görgens
- Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, UK
- Karolinska Institute, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
- University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Essen, Germany
| | - Sharon M Gorski
- BC Cancer, Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, Canada
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, Canada
| | - David W Greening
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Julia Christina Gross
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Developmental Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Hematology and Oncology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alice Gualerzi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics (LABION), Milan, Italy
| | - Gopal N Gupta
- Loyola University Chicago, Department of Urology, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Dakota Gustafson
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aase Handberg
- Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg, Denmark
- Aalborg University, Clinical Institute, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Reka A Haraszti
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, RNA Therapeutics Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Hargita Hegyesi
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - An Hendrix
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrew F Hill
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Fred H Hochberg
- Scintillon Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Neurosurgery, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karl F Hoffmann
- Aberystwyth University, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Beth Holder
- Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC The Gambia, Fajara, The Gambia
| | | | - Baharak Hosseinkhani
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Guoku Hu
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yiyao Huang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Veronica Huber
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Tsuneya Ikezu
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jameel M Inal
- University of Hertfordshire, School of Life and Medical Sciences, Biosciences Research Group, Hatfield, UK
| | - Mustafa Isin
- Istanbul University Oncology Institute, Basic Oncology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alena Ivanova
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannah K Jackson
- The University of Nottingham, School of Medicine, Children’s Brain Tumour Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Soren Jacobsen
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Section 4242 - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steven M Jay
- University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Muthuvel Jayachandran
- Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Lanzhou Jiang
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Johnson
- University of Manchester, Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ambrose Jong
- Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tijana Jovanovic-Talisman
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Jung
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Virology, Munich, Germany
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shin-ichi Kano
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Pathology, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yumi Kawamura
- National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Evan T Keller
- University of Michigan, Biointerfaces Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Urology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Delaram Khamari
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Elena Khomyakova
- École normale supérieure, Paris, France
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Khvorova
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, RNA Therapeutics Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Peter Kierulf
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Blood Cell Research Group, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Kyung Hee University, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yongin, Korea
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - David J Klinke
- West Virginia University, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and WVU Cancer Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
- West Virginia University, Department of Microbiology Immunology and Cell Biology, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Miroslaw Kornek
- German Armed Forces Central Hospital, Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Koblenz, Germany
- Saarland University Medical Center, Department of Medicine II, Homburg, Germany
| | - Maja M Kosanović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Árpád Ferenc Kovács
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Susanne Krasemann
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Neuropathology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mirja Krause
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Gina D Kusuma
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sören Kuypers
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Saara Laitinen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Research and Development, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Scott M Langevin
- Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lucia R Languino
- Thomas Jefferson University, Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Department of Cancer Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- University of Virginia, Flow Cytometry Core, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- University of Gothenburg, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Krefting Research Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Louise C Laurent
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Lavieu
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | | | - Soazig Le Lay
- INSERM U1063, Université d’Angers, CHU d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Myung-Shin Lee
- Eulji University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Debora S Lemos
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Genetics, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Metka Lenassi
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Isaac TS Li
- University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Ke Liao
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sten F Libregts
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, Cambridge NIHR BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erzsebet Ligeti
- Semmelweis University, Department of Physiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rebecca Lim
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science and Technology (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Aija Linē
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Karen Linnemannstöns
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Developmental Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Hematology and Oncology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Catherine A Lombard
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Magdalena J Lorenowicz
- Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Center for Molecular Medicine & Regenerative Medicine Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ákos M Lörincz
- Semmelweis University, Department of Physiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jan Lötvall
- University of Gothenburg, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Krefting Research Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jason Lovett
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Michelle C Lowry
- Trinity College Dublin, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xavier Loyer
- INSERM UMR-S 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Quan Lu
- Harvard University, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, NeuroRepair Department, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Taral R Lunavat
- K.G. Jebsen Brain Tumor Research Centre, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sybren LN Maas
- Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Institute of Neurosciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Pathology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Antonio Marcilla
- Universitat de València, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Àrea de Parasitologia, Valencia, Spain
- Universitat de València, Health Research Institute La Fe, Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jacopo Mariani
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, EPIGET LAB, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mathilde Mathieu
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Suresh Mathivanan
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Marco Maugeri
- University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Mark J McVey
- SickKids Hospital, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Anesthesia, Toronto, Canada
| | - David G Meckes
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Katie L Meehan
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Inge Mertens
- University of Antwerp, Centre for Proteomics, Antwerp, Belgium
- Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Valentina R Minciacchi
- Georg-Speyer-Haus Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Möller
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Malene Møller Jørgensen
- Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg, Denmark
- EVSEARCH.DK, Denmark
| | - Aizea Morales-Kastresana
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - François Mullier
- Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), NARILIS, Namur, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Hematology-Hemostasis Laboratory, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Maurizio Muraca
- University of Padova, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Musante
- University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Veronika Mussack
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Freising, Germany
| | - Dillon C Muth
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn H Myburgh
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Tanbir Najrana
- Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Irina Nazarenko
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nejsum
- Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Neri
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Research Unit Biology of Adaptation and Aging (B2A), Team Compensation in Neurodegenerative and Aging (Brain-C), Paris, France
| | - Tommaso Neri
- University of Pisa, Centro Dipartimentale di Biologia Cellulare Cardio-Respiratoria, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Academic Medical Centre of the University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Vesicle Observation Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Nimrichter
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Esther NM Nolte-’t Hoen
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lorraine O’Driscoll
- Trinity College Dublin, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tina O’Grady
- University of Liège, GIGA-R(MBD), PSI Laboratory, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ana O’Loghlen
- Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, Epigenetics & Cellular Senescence Group, London, UK
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- National Cancer Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Martin Olivier
- McGill University, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Kidney Research Network, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A Ortiz
- Graduate School of Public Health at the University of Pittsburgh, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Ole Østergaard
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matias Ostrowski
- University of Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jaesung Park
- POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology), Department of Life Sciences, Pohang, South Korea
| | - D. Michiel Pegtel
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hector Peinado
- Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Molecular Oncology Programme, Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Perut
- IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Freising, Germany
| | - Donald G Phinney
- The Scripps Research Institute-Scripps Florida, Department of Molecular Medicine, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Bartijn CH Pieters
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Rheumatology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ryan C Pink
- Oxford Brookes University, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford, UK
| | - David S Pisetsky
- Duke University Medical Center, Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Durham, NC, USA
- Durham VAMC, Medical Research Service, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Iva Polakovicova
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology-Oncology, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ivan KH Poon
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Bonita H Powell
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Lynn Pulliam
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter Quesenberry
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Annalisa Radeghieri
- CSGI - Research Center for Colloids and Nanoscience, Florence, Italy
- University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Robert L Raffai
- Department of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- University of Palermo, Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies, Palermo, Italy
| | - Janusz Rak
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- McGill University, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marcel I Ramirez
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Graça Raposo
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR144, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Morsi S Rayyan
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Neta Regev-Rudzki
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Franz L Ricklefs
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurosurgery, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul D Robbins
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David D Roberts
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Pathology, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Eva Rohde
- Paracelsus Medical University, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Salzburg, Austria
- Paracelsus Medical University, GMP Unit, Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sophie Rome
- University of Lyon, Lyon-Sud Faculty of Medicine, CarMeN Laboratory (UMR INSERM 1060-INRA 1397), Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Kasper MA Rouschop
- Maastricht University, GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht Radiation Oncology (MaastRO) Lab, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aurelia Rughetti
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paula Saá
- American Red Cross, Scientific Affairs, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Medicine, Cardiology, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Edison Salas-Huenuleo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Santiago, Chile
- University of Chile, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catherine Sánchez
- Clínica las Condes, Extracellular Vesicles in Personalized Medicine Group, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julie A Saugstad
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Meike J Saul
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Biology, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry & Hematology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raphael Schneider
- University of Toronto, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tine Hiorth Schøyen
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Eriomina Shahaj
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Milan, Italy
| | - Shivani Sharma
- University of California, Los Angeles, California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Olga Shatnyeva
- AstraZeneca, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Faezeh Shekari
- Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Cell Science Research Center, Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ganesh Vilas Shelke
- University of Gothenburg, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Gothenburg, Sweden
- University of Gothenburg, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Krefting Research Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Research Service, Olin E. Teague Veterans’ Medical Center, Temple, TX, USA
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Pia R-M Siljander
- University of Helsinki, EV Core Facility, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, EV group, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andreia M Silva
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - Agata Skowronek
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Orman L Snyder
- Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | - Barbara W Sódar
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carolina Soekmadji
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Javier Sotillo
- James Cook University, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Cairns, Australia
| | | | - Willem Stoorvogel
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shannon L Stott
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erwin F Strasser
- FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Transfusion and Haemostaseology Department, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon Swift
- University of Auckland, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hidetoshi Tahara
- Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Muneesh Tewari
- University of Michigan, Biointerfaces Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology/Oncology Division, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kate Timms
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Georgetown University, Department of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
- Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Lucknow, India
| | - Rochelle Tixeira
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Mercedes Tkach
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Wei Seong Toh
- National University of Singapore, Faculty of Dentistry, Singapore
| | - Richard Tomasini
- INSERM U1068, Aix Marseille University, CNRS UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | | | - Juan Pablo Tosar
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Functional Genomics Unit, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Universidad de la República, Faculty of Science, Nuclear Research Center, Analytical Biochemistry Unit, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Lorena Urbanelli
- University of Perugia, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia, Italy
| | - Pieter Vader
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry & Hematology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas WM van Balkom
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne G van der Grein
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Van Deun
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn JC van Herwijnen
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Martin E van Royen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Optical Imaging Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - M Helena Vasconcelos
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, Faculty of Pharmacy (FFUP), Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Tiago D Veit
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura J Vella
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, The Department of Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Émilie Velot
- UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Beate Vestad
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo, Norway
- Regional Research Network on Extracellular Vesicles, RRNEV, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jose L Viñas
- Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tamás Visnovitz
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina V Vukman
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jessica Wahlgren
- University of Gothenburg, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Dionysios C Watson
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marca HM Wauben
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alissa Weaver
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Viktoria Weber
- Danube University Krems, Department for Biomedical Research and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Therapy Approaches in Sepsis, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Ann M Wehman
- University of Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- The University of Vermont Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sebastian Wendt
- University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Aachen, Germany
| | - Asa M Wheelock
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zoltán Wiener
- Semmelweis University, Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Leonie Witte
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Developmental Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Hematology and Oncology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joy Wolfram
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou, China
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Transplantation Medicine/Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Angeliki Xagorari
- George Papanicolaou Hospital, Public Cord Blood Bank, Department of Haematology - BMT Unit, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Patricia Xander
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo Campus Diadema, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e Protozoários, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jing Xu
- BC Cancer, Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, Canada
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- Xiamen University, Department of Chemical Biology, Xiamen, China
| | - María Yáñez-Mó
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hang Yin
- Tsinghua University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuana Yuana
- Technical University Eindhoven, Faculty Biomedical Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Valentina Zappulli
- University of Padova, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Padova, Italy
| | - Jana Zarubova
- Institute of Physiology CAS, Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physiology CAS, Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Bioengineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vytautas Žėkas
- Vilnius University, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jian-ye Zhang
- Guangzhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zezhou Zhao
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Antje M Zickler
- Karolinska Institute, Clinical Research Center, Unit for Molecular Cell and Gene Therapy Science, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pascale Zimmermann
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
- KU Leuven (Leuven University), Department of Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angela M Zivkovic
- University of California, Davis, Department of Nutrition, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Ewa K Zuba-Surma
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Kraków, Poland
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Stanhope KL, Goran MI, Bosy-Westphal A, King JC, Schmidt LA, Schwarz JM, Stice E, Sylvetsky AC, Turnbaugh PJ, Bray GA, Gardner CD, Havel PJ, Malik V, Mason AE, Ravussin E, Rosenbaum M, Welsh JA, Allister-Price C, Sigala DM, Greenwood MRC, Astrup A, Krauss RM. Pathways and mechanisms linking dietary components to cardiometabolic disease: thinking beyond calories. Obes Rev 2018; 19:1205-1235. [PMID: 29761610 PMCID: PMC6530989 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Calories from any food have the potential to increase risk for obesity and cardiometabolic disease because all calories can directly contribute to positive energy balance and fat gain. However, various dietary components or patterns may promote obesity and cardiometabolic disease by additional mechanisms that are not mediated solely by caloric content. Researchers explored this topic at the 2017 CrossFit Foundation Academic Conference 'Diet and Cardiometabolic Health - Beyond Calories', and this paper summarizes the presentations and follow-up discussions. Regarding the health effects of dietary fat, sugar and non-nutritive sweeteners, it is concluded that food-specific saturated fatty acids and sugar-sweetened beverages promote cardiometabolic diseases by mechanisms that are additional to their contribution of calories to positive energy balance and that aspartame does not promote weight gain. The challenges involved in conducting and interpreting clinical nutritional research, which preclude more extensive conclusions, are detailed. Emerging research is presented exploring the possibility that responses to certain dietary components/patterns are influenced by the metabolic status, developmental period or genotype of the individual; by the responsiveness of brain regions associated with reward to food cues; or by the microbiome. More research regarding these potential 'beyond calories' mechanisms may lead to new strategies for attenuating the obesity crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Stanhope
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - M I Goran
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Bosy-Westphal
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - J C King
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - L A Schmidt
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Anthropology, History, and Social Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J-M Schwarz
- Touro University, Vallejo, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - E Stice
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - A C Sylvetsky
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - P J Turnbaugh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, G.W. Hooper Research Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - G A Bray
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - C D Gardner
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - P J Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - V Malik
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A E Mason
- Department of Psychiatry, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - E Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - M Rosenbaum
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - J A Welsh
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Wellness Department, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Nutrition and Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - C Allister-Price
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - D M Sigala
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - M R C Greenwood
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R M Krauss
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, USA
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38
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Wiklander OPB, Bostancioglu RB, Welsh JA, Zickler AM, Murke F, Corso G, Felldin U, Hagey DW, Evertsson B, Liang XM, Gustafsson MO, Mohammad DK, Wiek C, Hanenberg H, Bremer M, Gupta D, Björnstedt M, Giebel B, Nordin JZ, Jones JC, El Andaloussi S, Görgens A. Systematic Methodological Evaluation of a Multiplex Bead-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Detection of Extracellular Vesicle Surface Signatures. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1326. [PMID: 29951064 PMCID: PMC6008374 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be harvested from cell culture supernatants and from all body fluids. EVs can be conceptually classified based on their size and biogenesis as exosomes and microvesicles. Nowadays, it is however commonly accepted in the field that there is a much higher degree of heterogeneity within these two subgroups than previously thought. For instance, the surface marker profile of EVs is likely dependent on the cell source, the cell’s activation status, and multiple other parameters. Within recent years, several new methods and assays to study EV heterogeneity in terms of surface markers have been described; most of them are being based on flow cytometry. Unfortunately, such methods generally require dedicated instrumentation, are time-consuming and demand extensive operator expertise for sample preparation, acquisition, and data analysis. In this study, we have systematically evaluated and explored the use of a multiplex bead-based flow cytometric assay which is compatible with most standard flow cytometers and facilitates a robust semi-quantitative detection of 37 different potential EV surface markers in one sample simultaneously. First, assay variability, sample stability over time, and dynamic range were assessed together with the limitations of this assay in terms of EV input quantity required for detection of differently abundant surface markers. Next, the potential effects of EV origin, sample preparation, and quality of the EV sample on the assay were evaluated. The findings indicate that this multiplex bead-based assay is generally suitable to detect, quantify, and compare EV surface signatures in various sample types, including unprocessed cell culture supernatants, cell culture-derived EVs isolated by different methods, and biological fluids. Furthermore, the use and limitations of this assay to assess heterogeneities in EV surface signatures was explored by combining different sets of detection antibodies in EV samples derived from different cell lines and subsets of rare cells. Taken together, this validated multiplex bead-based flow cytometric assay allows robust, sensitive, and reproducible detection of EV surface marker expression in various sample types in a semi-quantitative way and will be highly valuable for many researchers in the EV field in different experimental contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar P B Wiklander
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Beklem Bostancioglu
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Antje M Zickler
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Pathology F56, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian Murke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Giulia Corso
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Felldin
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel W Hagey
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Evertsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiu-Ming Liang
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuela O Gustafsson
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dara K Mohammad
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head/Neck Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head/Neck Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michel Bremer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dhanu Gupta
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Björnstedt
- Division of Pathology F56, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joel Z Nordin
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - André Görgens
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Clayton A, Buschmann D, Byrd JB, Carter DRF, Cheng L, Compton C, Daaboul G, Devitt A, Falcon-Perez JM, Gardiner C, Gustafson D, Harrison P, Helmbrecht C, Hendrix A, Hill A, Hoffman A, Jones JC, Kalluri R, Kang JY, Kirchner B, Lässer C, Lawson C, Lenassi M, Levin C, Llorente A, Martens-Uzunova ES, Möller A, Musante L, Ochiya T, Pink RC, Tahara H, Wauben MHM, Webber JP, Welsh JA, Witwer KW, Yin H, Nieuwland R. Summary of the ISEV workshop on extracellular vesicles as disease biomarkers, held in Birmingham, UK, during December 2017. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1473707. [PMID: 31162490 PMCID: PMC5965025 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1473707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This report summarises the presentations and activities of the ISEV Workshop on extracellular vesicle biomarkers held in Birmingham, UK during December 2017. Among the key messages was broad agreement about the importance of biospecimen science. Much greater attention needs to be paid towards the provenance of collected samples. The workshop also highlighted clear gaps in our knowledge about pre-analytical factors that alter extracellular vesicles (EVs). The future utility of certified standards for credentialing of instruments and software, to analyse EV and for tracking the influence of isolation steps on the structure and content of EVs were also discussed. Several example studies were presented, demonstrating the potential utility for EVs in disease diagnosis, prognosis, longitudinal serial testing and stratification of patients. The conclusion of the workshop was that more effort focused on pre-analytical issues and benchmarking of isolation methods is needed to strengthen collaborations and advance more effective biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aled Clayton
- Tissue Microenvironment Group, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dominik Buschmann
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich and Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J Brian Byrd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 5570C MSRB II, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - David R F Carter
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Lesley Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carolyn Compton
- SkySong Center for Innovation, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Andrew Devitt
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Juan Manuel Falcon-Perez
- Exosomes Laboratory & Metabolomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBEREHD, IKERBASQUE Research Foundation, Derio, Spain
| | - Chris Gardiner
- Research Department of Haematology, Haemostasis Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dakota Gustafson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul Harrison
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; and Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrew Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Hoffman
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Jones
- Department of Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ji Yoon Kang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Bio-microsystems, Seoul, S. Korea
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy Krefting Research Centre University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Lawson
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College Royal College Street, London, UK
| | - Metka Lenassi
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Carina Levin
- Afula and The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Emek Medical Center, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andreas Möller
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Luca Musante
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryan C Pink
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Hidetoshi Tahara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute and Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Japan
| | - Marca H M Wauben
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jason P Webber
- Tissue Microenvironment Group, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Joshua A Welsh
- Department of Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBio Technology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Hang Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Department Laboratory Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Welsh JA, Wang Y, Figueroa J, Brumme C. Sugar intake by type (added vs. naturally occurring) and physical form (liquid vs. solid) and its varying association with children's body weight, NHANES 2009-2014. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13:213-221. [PMID: 29318755 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugars and their primary dietary sources (milk, fruits, sweetened foods and beverages) are associated, in different ways, with a range of health outcomes, including obesity. The contribution made to total sugar intake and how the different types and forms of sugar associate with body weight is unclear. OBJECTIVE To describe sugar consumption and examine its association with weight status among U.S. children by sugar type [added {AS} vs. naturally occurring {NOS}] and form (solid vs. liquid). DESIGN Cross-sectional dietary data (2 24-h recalls) from children 2-19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2014 (n = 8136) were used to estimate the amount of each type and form of sugar by age and weight status. Linear regression models tested trends and the multivariate adjusted association between the different sugars and weight status. RESULTS Mean total sugar, AS, and NOS was 118.1 g [25.3% total energy {TE}], 71.5 g (14.8% TE), 46.7 g (10.5% TE), respectively. AS in sugar-sweetened (non-dairy) beverages and NOS in juices contributed 6.9% and 2.4% of TE, respectively. Only %TE from AS (controlled for potential demographic, lifestyle confounders) was associated with change in body mass index z-score (BMIz) [AS in beverages: BMIz β + 0.01 {95% CI: 0.002, 0.03}; AS in foods: BMIz β - 0.03 {95% CI: -0.04, -0.02}]. CONCLUSION Dietary sugars, most of which are AS, are a major contributor of calories in the diets of U.S. children. Only AS in non-dairy sources were associated with weight although the direction differed by the form consumed. AS in beverages were associated positively and those in foods were associated inversely with children's weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Welsh
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.,Wellness Department, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, USA.,Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - J Figueroa
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.,Wellness Department, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, USA
| | - C Brumme
- Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
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41
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Welsh JA, Scorletti E, Clough GF, Englyst NA, Byrne CD. Leukocyte extracellular vesicle concentration is inversely associated with liver fibrosis severity in NAFLD. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:631-639. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5a1217-501r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit; Faculty of Medicine; University of Southampton; Southampton United Kingdom
| | - Eleonora Scorletti
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit; Faculty of Medicine; University of Southampton; Southampton United Kingdom
| | - Geraldine F. Clough
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit; Faculty of Medicine; University of Southampton; Southampton United Kingdom
| | - Nicola A. Englyst
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit; Faculty of Medicine; University of Southampton; Southampton United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D. Byrne
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit; Faculty of Medicine; University of Southampton; Southampton United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Southampton Biomedical Research Centre; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust; University of Southampton; Southampton United Kingdom
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42
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Ramirez MI, Amorim MG, Gadelha C, Milic I, Welsh JA, Freitas VM, Nawaz M, Akbar N, Couch Y, Makin L, Cooke F, Vettore AL, Batista PX, Freezor R, Pezuk JA, Rosa-Fernandes L, Carreira ACO, Devitt A, Jacobs L, Silva IT, Coakley G, Nunes DN, Carter D, Palmisano G, Dias-Neto E. Technical challenges of working with extracellular vesicles. Nanoscale 2018; 10:881-906. [PMID: 29265147 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08360b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are gaining interest as central players in liquid biopsies, with potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic guidance in most pathological conditions. These nanosized particles transmit signals determined by their protein, lipid, nucleic acid and sugar content, and the unique molecular pattern of EVs dictates the type of signal to be transmitted to recipient cells. However, their small sizes and the limited quantities that can usually be obtained from patient-derived samples pose a number of challenges to their isolation, study and characterization. These challenges and some possible options to overcome them are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel I Ramirez
- Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Catarina Gadelha
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ivana Milic
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, England, UK
| | | | | | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil and University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Naveed Akbar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Yvonne Couch
- Acute Stroke Programme, RDM-Investigative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Laura Makin
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Fiona Cooke
- University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Andre L Vettore
- Federal University of São Paulo campus Diadema, Diadema, Brazil
| | | | | | - Julia A Pezuk
- Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Rosa-Fernandes
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Andrew Devitt
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, England, UK
| | | | | | - Gillian Coakley
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Diana N Nunes
- CIPE, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Dave Carter
- Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil and IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Dias-Neto
- CIPE, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. and Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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43
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Welsh JA, Holloway JA, Wilkinson JS, Englyst NA. Extracellular Vesicle Flow Cytometry Analysis and Standardization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:78. [PMID: 28913335 PMCID: PMC5582084 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The term extracellular vesicles (EVs) describes membranous vesicles derived from cells, ranging in diameter from 30 to 1,000 nm with the majority thought to be in the region of 100-150 nm. Due to their small diameter and complex and variable composition, conventional techniques have struggled to accurately count and phenotype EVs. Currently, EV characterization using high-resolution flow cytometry is the most promising method when compared to other currently available techniques, due to it being a high-throughput, single particle, multi-parameter analysis technique capable of analyzing a large range of particle diameters. Whilst high resolution flow cytometry promises detection of the full EV diameter range, standardization of light scattering and fluorescence data between different flow cytometers remains an problem. In this mini review, we will discuss the advances in high-resolution flow cytometry development and future direction of EV scatter and fluorescence standardization. Standardization and therefore reproducibility between research groups and instrumentation is lacking, hindering the validation of EVs use as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, United Kingdom
| | - Judith A. Holloway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, United Kingdom
| | - James S. Wilkinson
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola A. Englyst
- Faculty of Medicine, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, United Kingdom
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44
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Lee AK, Chowdhury R, Welsh JA. Sugars and adiposity: the long-term effects of consuming added and naturally occurring sugars in foods and in beverages. Obes Sci Pract 2015; 1:41-49. [PMID: 27774248 PMCID: PMC5057365 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine if the association with adiposity varies by the type (added vs. naturally occurring) and form (liquid vs. solid) of dietary sugars consumed. METHODS Data from the 10-year National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Growth and Health Study (n = 2,021 girls aged 9-10 years at baseline; n = 5,156 paired observations) were used. Using mixed linear models, 1-year changes in sugar intake, body mass index z-score (BMIz) and waist circumference (WC) were assessed. RESULTS The results showed mean daily added sugar (AS) intake: 10.3 tsp (41 g) liquid; 11.6 tsp (46 g) solid and naturally occurring sugar intake: 2.6 tsp (10 g) liquid; 2.2 tsp (9 g) solid. Before total energy adjustment, each additional teaspoon of liquid AS was associated with a 0.222-mm increase in WC (p = 0.0003) and a 0.002 increase in BMIz (p = 0.003). Each teaspoon of solid AS was associated with a 0.126-mm increase in WC (p = 0.03) and a 0.001 increase in BMIz (p = 0.03). Adjusting for total energy, this association was maintained only between liquid AS and WC among all and between solid AS and WC among those overweight/obese only. There was no significant association with naturally occurring sugar. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate to suggest a positive association between AS intake (liquid and solid) and BMI that is mediated by total energy intake and an association with WC that is independent of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Lee
- Wellness Department Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Atlanta GA USA
| | - R Chowdhury
- Department of Biostatistics Harvard School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | - J A Welsh
- Wellness Department Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Atlanta GA USA; Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA; Nutrition and Health Sciences Graduate Program Emory University Atlanta GA USA
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Abstract
Mutation analysis methods have increased in variety during the past years. High-throughput microarray methods have especially increased in popularity. However, new methods require reference points, and not all of the methods are equal in sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, the detection of unknown missense mutations, such as unknown TP53 mutations in human tumors, for clinical purposes requires great accuracy, which may be difficult to acquire with the current high-throughput methods. For these reasons, the classical methods, such as PCR-manual sequencing and PCR-SSCP, are still valuable and necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Peltonen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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46
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Marrogi AJ, Khan MA, van Gijssel HE, Welsh JA, Rahim H, Demetris AJ, Kowdley KV, Hussain SP, Nair J, Bartsch H, Okby N, Poirier MC, Ishak KG, Harris CC. Oxidative stress and p53 mutations in the carcinogenesis of iron overload-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001; 93:1652-5. [PMID: 11698570 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/93.21.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A J Marrogi
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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47
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Nicholson SA, Okby NT, Khan MA, Welsh JA, McMenamin MG, Travis WD, Jett JR, Tazelaar HD, Trastek V, Pairolero PC, Corn PG, Herman JG, Liotta LA, Caporaso NE, Harris CC. Alterations of p14ARF, p53, and p73 genes involved in the E2F-1-mediated apoptotic pathways in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer Res 2001; 61:5636-43. [PMID: 11454718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of E2F-1 induces apoptosis by both a p14ARF-p53- and a p73-mediated pathway. p14ARF is the alternate tumor suppressor product of the INK4a/ARF locus that is inactivated frequently in lung carcinogenesis. Because p14ARF stabilizes p53, it has been proposed that the loss of p14ARF is functionally equivalent to a p53 mutation. We have tested this hypothesis by examining the genomic status of the unique exon 1beta of p14ARF in 53 human cell lines and 86 primary non-small cell lung carcinomas and correlated this with previously characterized alterations of p53. Homozygous deletions of p14ARF were detected in 12 of 53 (23%) cell lines and 16 of 86 (19%) primary tumors. A single cell line, but no primary tumors, harbored an intragenic mutation. The deletion of p14ARF was inversely correlated with the loss of p53 in the majority of cell lines (P = 0.02), but this relationship was not maintained among primary tumors (P = 0.5). E2F-1 can also induce p73 via a p53-independent apoptotic pathway. Although we did not observe inactivation of p73 by either mutation or DNA methylation, haploinsufficiency of p73 correlated positively with either p14ARF or p53 mutation or both (P = 0.01) in primary non-small cell lung carcinomas. These data are consistent with the current model of p14ARF and p53 interaction as a complex network rather than a simple linear pathway and indicate a possible role for an E2F-1-mediated failsafe, p53-independent, apoptotic pathway involving p73 in human lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Nicholson
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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48
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49
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Vähäkangas KH, Bennett WP, Castrén K, Welsh JA, Khan MA, Blömeke B, Alavanja MC, Harris CC. p53 and K-ras mutations in lung cancers from former and never-smoking women. Cancer Res 2001; 61:4350-6. [PMID: 11389059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Somatic p53 mutations are common in lung cancer. Active cigarette smoking is positively correlated with the total frequency of p53 mutations and G:C to T:A transversions on the nontranscribed (DNA coding) strand. Mutational hotspots within the p53 gene, e.g., codon 157, have been identified for tobacco-related lung cancer, whereas these same mutations are found rarely in other cancers. Such data implicate specific p53 mutations as molecular markers of smoking. Because limited data exist concerning the p53 mutation frequency and spectra in ex-smokers and nonsmokers, we have analyzed p53 and K-ras mutations in 126 lung cancers from a population-based case-control study of nonsmoking (n = 117) or ex-smoking (n = 9) women from Missouri with quantitative assessments of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Mutations in the p53 gene were found in lung cancers from lifetime nonsmokers (19%) and ex-smokers (67%; odds ratio, 9.08; 95% confidence interval, 2.06-39.98). All deletions were found in tumors from patients who were either ex-smokers or nonsmokers exposed to passive smoking. The G:C to A:T transitions (11 of 28; 39%) were the most frequent p53 mutations found and clustered in tumors from lifetime nonsmokers without passive smoke exposure. The incidence of K-ras codon 12 or 13 mutations was 11% (14 of 115 analyzed) with no difference between long-term ex-smokers and nonsmokers. These and other results indicate that p53 mutations occur more commonly in smokers and ex-smokers than in never-smokers. Such comparisons provide additional evidence of genetic damage caused by tobacco smoke during lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Vähäkangas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
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50
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Marrogi AJ, Travis WD, Welsh JA, Khan MA, Rahim H, Tazelaar H, Pairolero P, Trastek V, Jett J, Caporaso NE, Liotta LA, Harris CC. Nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor in the angiogenesis of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6:4739-44. [PMID: 11156228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the hypothesis that nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels individually demonstrate a direct correlation with microvessel density (MVD) and clinical outcome in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, we hypothesized that MVD may explain the propensity of certain histological lung cancer subtypes for early metastasis via a hematological route. Immunohistochemically, we studied the protein expression levels of NOS2, COX2, and VEGF and MVD by counting CD31-reactive blood vessels (BVs) in 106 surgically resected NSCLC specimens. NOS2, COX2, and VEGF immunoreactivity were observed in 48, 48, and 58%, respectively, of the study subjects, and their levels correlated with MVD at the tumor-stromal interphase (P < or = 0.001). More adenocarcindmas and large cell carcinomas displayed overexpression of NOS2 when compared with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; r = 0.44; P < 0.001). NOS2 and COX2 levels were found to correlate positively with VEGF status (r = 0.44; P < 0.001, 0.01, and 0.03, respectively). These results attest to the significant interaction of these factors in the angiogenesis of NSCLC. Although neither angiogenic factors nor MVD correlated with patient survival, the latter correlated with tumor clinical stage in both squamous (SCC; 73 BVs/mm2) and non-SCC (78 BVs/mm2) tumors. These results indicate that angiogenesis is a complex process that involves multiple factors including NOS2, COX2, and VEGF. Furthermore, the role of angiogenesis in the biology of various histological lung cancer types may be different. The complexity of angiogenesis may explain the modest results observed in antiangiogenesis therapy that target a single protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Marrogi
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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