1
|
Hutten CG, Padalia K, Vasbinder A, Huang Y, Ismail A, Pizzo I, Machado Diaz K, Catalan T, Presswalla F, Anderson E, Erne G, Bitterman B, Blakely P, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Loosen SH, Tacke F, Chalkias A, Reiser J, Eugen-Olsen J, Banerjee M, Pop-Busui R, Hayek SS. Obesity, Inflammation, and Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae273. [PMID: 38635301 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity is a risk factor for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related outcomes; however, the mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this analysis was to determine whether inflammation mediates the association between obesity and COVID-19 outcomes. DESIGN The International Study of Inflammation in Covid-19 (ISIC): A Prospective Multi-Center Observational Study Examining the Role of Biomarkers of Inflammation in Predicting Covid-19 Related Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients. SETTING Ten hospitals in the United States and Europe. PARTICIPANTS Adults hospitalized specifically for COVID-19 between February 1, 2020, through October 19, 2022. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Inflammatory biomarkers, including soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), were measured at admission. Associations were examined between body-mass index (BMI, kg/m2) and a composite of death, need for mechanical ventilation, and renal replacement therapy, stratified by pre- and post-Omicron variants. The contribution of inflammation to the relationship between obesity and outcomes was assessed. RESULTS Among 4644 participants (mean age 59.3, 45.6% male, 21.8% BMI≥35), those with BMI>40 (n=485) had 55% higher odds of the composite outcome (95% CI[1.21 to 1.98]) compared to non-obese individuals (BMI<30, n=2358) in multivariable analysis. In multiple mediation analysis, only suPAR remained a significant mediator between BMI and composite outcome. Associations were amplified for participants younger than 65 years and with pre-Omicron variants. CONCLUSION Obesity is associated with worse outcomes in COVID-19, notably in younger participants and in the pre-Omicron era. Inflammation, as measured by suPAR, is a significant mediator of the association between obesity and COVID-19 outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina G Hutten
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Kishan Padalia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Alexi Vasbinder
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Yiyuan Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Anis Ismail
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Ian Pizzo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Kristen Machado Diaz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Tonimarie Catalan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Feriel Presswalla
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Anderson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Grace Erne
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Brayden Bitterman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Pennelope Blakely
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | | | - Sven H Loosen
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Athanasios Chalkias
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jesper Eugen-Olsen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Mousumi Banerjee
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Rodica Pop-Busui
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Salim S Hayek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vasbinder A, Catalan T, Anderson E, Chu C, Kotzin M, Murphy D, Cheplowitz H, Diaz KM, Bitterman B, Pizzo I, Huang Y, Xie J, Hoeger CW, Kaakati R, Berlin HP, Shadid H, Perry D, Pan M, Takiar R, Padalia K, Mills J, Meloche C, Bardwell A, Rochlen M, Blakely P, Leja M, Banerjee M, Riwes M, Magenau J, Anand S, Ghosh M, Pawarode A, Yanik G, Nathan S, Maciejewski J, Okwuosa T, Hayek SS. Cardiovascular Risk Stratification of Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: The CARE-BMT Risk Score. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033599. [PMID: 38158222 PMCID: PMC10863830 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence guiding the pre-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) cardiovascular evaluation is limited. We sought to derive and validate a pre-HSCT score for the cardiovascular risk stratification of HSCT candidates. METHODS AND RESULTS We leveraged the CARE-BMT (Cardiovascular Registry in Bone Marrow Transplantation) study, a contemporary multicenter observational study of adult patients who underwent autologous or allogeneic HSCT between 2008 and 2019 (N=2435; mean age at transplant of 55 years; 4.9% Black). We identified the subset of variables most predictive of post-HSCT cardiovascular events, defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, atrial fibrillation or flutter, and sustained ventricular tachycardia. We then developed a point-based risk score using the hazard ratios obtained from Cox proportional hazards modeling. The score was externally validated in a separate cohort of 919 HSCT recipients (mean age at transplant 54 years; 20.4% Black). The risk score included age, transplant type, race, coronary artery disease, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, creatinine, triglycerides, and prior anthracycline dose. Risk scores were grouped as low-, intermediate-, and high-risk, with the 5-year cumulative incidence of cardiovascular events being 4.0%, 10.3%, and 22.4%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating curves for predicting cardiovascular events at 100 days, 5 and 10 years post-HSCT were 0.65 (95% CI, 0.59-0.70), 0.73 (95% CI, 0.69-0.76), and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.69-0.81), respectively. The model performed equally well in autologous and allogeneic recipients, as well as in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS The CARE-BMT risk score is easy to calculate and could help guide referrals of high-risk HSCT recipients to cardiovascular specialists before transplant and guide long-term monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexi Vasbinder
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Tonimarie Catalan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Elizabeth Anderson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Catherine Chu
- Rush University Medical College, Rush UniversityChicagoIL
| | - Megan Kotzin
- Rush University Medical College, Rush UniversityChicagoIL
| | - Danielle Murphy
- Department of PharmacyRush University Medical CenterChicagoIL
| | | | - Kristen Machado Diaz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Brayden Bitterman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Ian Pizzo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Yiyuan Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Jeffrey Xie
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Christopher W. Hoeger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Rayan Kaakati
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Hanna P. Berlin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Husam Shadid
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Daniel Perry
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Michael Pan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Radhika Takiar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Kishan Padalia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Jamie Mills
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Chelsea Meloche
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineTexas Heart InstituteHoustonTX
| | - Alina Bardwell
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Matthew Rochlen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Pennelope Blakely
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Monika Leja
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | | | - Mary Riwes
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineTexas Heart InstituteHoustonTX
| | - John Magenau
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Sarah Anand
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Monalisa Ghosh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Attaphol Pawarode
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Gregory Yanik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Sunita Nathan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Department of Internal MedicineRush University Medical CenterChicagoIL
| | - John Maciejewski
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| | - Tochukwu Okwuosa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineRush University Medical CenterChicagoIL
| | - Salim S. Hayek
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharma R, Zang W, Tabartehfarahani A, Lam A, Huang X, Sivakumar AD, Thota C, Yang S, Dickson RP, Sjoding MW, Bisco E, Mahmood CC, Diaz KM, Sautter N, Ansari S, Ward KR, Fan X. Portable Breath-Based Volatile Organic Compound Monitoring for the Detection of COVID-19 During the Circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant and the Transition to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e230982. [PMID: 36853606 PMCID: PMC9975913 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Breath analysis has been explored as a noninvasive means to detect COVID-19. However, the impact of emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2, such as Omicron, on the exhaled breath profile and diagnostic accuracy of breath analysis is unknown. Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of breath analysis on detecting patients with COVID-19 when the SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants were most prevalent. Design, Setting, and Participants This diagnostic study included a cohort of patients who had positive and negative test results for COVID-19 using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction between April 2021 and May 2022, which covers the period when the Delta variant was overtaken by Omicron as the major variant. Patients were enrolled through intensive care units and the emergency department at the University of Michigan Health System. Patient breath was analyzed with portable gas chromatography. Main Outcomes and Measures Different sets of VOC biomarkers were identified that distinguished between COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants) and non-COVID-19 illness. Results Overall, 205 breath samples from 167 adult patients were analyzed. A total of 77 patients (mean [SD] age, 58.5 [16.1] years; 41 [53.2%] male patients; 13 [16.9%] Black and 59 [76.6%] White patients) had COVID-19, and 91 patients (mean [SD] age, 54.3 [17.1] years; 43 [47.3%] male patients; 11 [12.1%] Black and 76 [83.5%] White patients) had non-COVID-19 illness. Several patients were analyzed over multiple days. Among 94 positive samples, 41 samples were from patients in 2021 infected with the Delta or other variants, and 53 samples were from patients in 2022 infected with the Omicron variant, based on the State of Michigan and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance data. Four VOC biomarkers were found to distinguish between COVID-19 (Delta and other 2021 variants) and non-COVID-19 illness with an accuracy of 94.7%. However, accuracy dropped substantially to 82.1% when these biomarkers were applied to the Omicron variant. Four new VOC biomarkers were found to distinguish the Omicron variant and non-COVID-19 illness (accuracy, 90.9%). Breath analysis distinguished Omicron from the earlier variants with an accuracy of 91.5% and COVID-19 (all SARS-CoV-2 variants) vs non-COVID-19 illness with 90.2% accuracy. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this diagnostic study suggest that breath analysis has promise for COVID-19 detection. However, similar to rapid antigen testing, the emergence of new variants poses diagnostic challenges. The results of this study warrant additional evaluation on how to overcome these challenges to use breath analysis to improve the diagnosis and care of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Wenzhe Zang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Ali Tabartehfarahani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Andres Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Xiaheng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Anjali Devi Sivakumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Chandrakalavathi Thota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Robert P. Dickson
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Michael W. Sjoding
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Erin Bisco
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Carmen Colmenero Mahmood
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Kristen Machado Diaz
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Nicholas Sautter
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Sardar Ansari
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Kevin R. Ward
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Diaz KM. Leisure-time physical activity and all-cause mortality among adults with intellectual disability: the National Health Interview Survey. J Intellect Disabil Res 2020; 64:180-184. [PMID: 31788881 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have higher rates of morbidity and mortality compared with the general population, necessitating a need to identify modifiable targets for intervention to mitigate risk. While the benefits of leisure-time physical activity (PA) are well established in the general population; there is a dearth of evidence confirming its health benefits among adults with IDs. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between leisure-time PA and all-cause mortality among a population-based sample of adults with IDs. METHODS A total of 413 adults with IDs from 17 waves (1997-2014) of the National Health Interview Survey, a U.S. nationally representative survey, were studied. Minutes per week of leisure-time PA was ascertained by self-report and classified as poor, intermediate or ideal levels of PA. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 7.2 years, 60 participants died. In a multivariable-adjusted model, higher levels of leisure-time PA were dose-dependently associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (P-trend = 0.008). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality comparing participants with intermediate and ideal versus poor levels of PA were 0.43 (0.18, 1.04) and 0.30 (0.10, 0.87), respectively. CONCLUSION These findings show that leisure-time PA confers mortality benefit in adults with IDs and should be considered as a priority target for promoting health and longevity in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Diaz
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Diaz KM. Physical inactivity among parents of children with and without Down syndrome: the National Health Interview Survey. J Intellect Disabil Res 2020; 64:38-44. [PMID: 31373080 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that parents of children with intellectual disabilities have poorer physical health than parents of typically developing children. However, it is unclear why. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in physical inactivity among a population-based sample of parents of children with and without Down syndrome. METHODS Data for this analysis come from 11 waves (2005-2016) of the National Health Interview Survey, a U.S. nationally representative survey. Minutes per week of leisure-time physical activity were ascertained by self-report with physical inactivity defined as reporting no leisure-time physical activity. Parents were classified as (1) parents of typically developing children, (2) parents of children with Down syndrome, (3) parents of children with a developmental disability that had a high functional impact (autism, cerebral palsy, vision impairment or hearing impairment), (4) parents of children with an intellectual or developmental disability, but who did not have Down syndrome or a high-impact developmental disabilities, and (5) parents of children with other special health care needs. RESULTS Parents of children with Down syndrome were more likely to be physically inactive compared with parents of typical children (odds ratio [OR]: 1.51 [95% confidence interval, CI: 1.08, 2.12]) and had the lowest likelihood among all subgroups of parents to children with developmental disabilities or special health care needs. Parents of children with Down syndrome also had a significantly greater likelihood of being physically inactive compared with parents of children with other special health care needs (OR: 1.56 [95% CI: 1.11, 2.19]), with developmental disabilities without high functional impact (OR: 1.58 [95% CI: 1.12, 2.24]) and with developmental disabilities with high functional impact (OR: 1.46 [95% CI: 1.03, 2.08]). CONCLUSION Parents of children with Down syndrome are more likely to be physically inactive compared with parents of typically developing children and parents of children with other developmental disabilities or special health care needs. These findings suggest that parents of children with Down syndrome are a population in urgent need for interventions/programmes that promote physical activity, particularly as child well-being is linked to caregiver health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Diaz
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hu X, Hsueh PYS, Chen CH, Diaz KM, Parsons FE, Ensari I, Qian M, Cheung YKK. An interpretable health behavioral intervention policy for mobile device users. IBM J Res Dev 2018; 62:4. [PMID: 29875505 PMCID: PMC5985829 DOI: 10.1147/jrd.2017.2769320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of people use mobile devices to monitor their behavior, such as exercise, and record their health status, such as psychological stress. However, these devices rarely provide ongoing support to help users understand how their behavior contributes to changes in their health status. To address this challenge, we aim to develop an interpretable policy for physical activity recommendations that reduce a user's perceived psychological stress, over a given time horizon. We formulate this problem as a sequential decision-making problem and solve it using a new method that we refer to as threshold Q-learning (TQL). The advantage of the TQL method over traditional Q-learning is that it is "doubly robust" and interpretable. This interpretability is achieved by making model assumptions and incorporating threshold selection into the learning process. Our simulation results indicate that the TQL method performs better than the Q-learning method given model misspecification. Our analyses are performed on data collected from 79 healthy adults over a 7 week period, where the data comprise physical activity patterns collected from mobile devices and self-assessed stress levels of the users. This work serves as a first step toward a computational health coaching solution for mobile device users.
Collapse
|