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Mubashir Hayat A, Abbas M, Emadifar H, Alzaidi ASM, Nazir T, Aini Abdullah F. An efficient computational scheme for solving coupled time-fractional Schrödinger equation via cubic B-spline functions. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296909. [PMID: 38753667 PMCID: PMC11098432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The time fractional Schrödinger equation contributes to our understanding of complex quantum systems, anomalous diffusion processes, and the application of fractional calculus in physics and cubic B-spline is a versatile tool in numerical analysis and computer graphics. This paper introduces a numerical method for solving the time fractional Schrödinger equation using B-spline functions and the Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative. The proposed method employs a finite difference scheme to discretize the fractional derivative in time, while a θ-weighted scheme is used to discretize the space directions. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated through numerical results, and error norms are examined at various values of the non-integer parameter, temporal directions, and spatial directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Homan Emadifar
- Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Mathematics, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ahmed S. M. Alzaidi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahir Nazir
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Farah Aini Abdullah
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Abbas M, Hussain Shah N, Ilyas M, Mudasar M, Raza A, Ashfaq Ahmad M, Cui Y, Wang Y. WO 3-x nanorods/rGO/AgBiS 2 Z-scheme heterojunction with comprehensive spectrum response and enhanced Fenton and photocatalytic activities. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:250-262. [PMID: 38350348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Tetracycline (TC) antibiotics and dyes are the prevalent water contaminants, and their removal from the water through photocatalysis is a plausible approach. However, most semiconductors in their pristine form need to be improved to be exploited in photocatalysis owing to poor photoresponse, intense carrier recombination, and inertness without irradiation. Herein, we demonstrate the modification of defective WO3-x by rGO and AgBiS2 in the form of WO3-x/rGO/AgBiS2 (R2). It exploits the superior conductivity and synergism of rGO to inhibit carrier recombination; thereby, Z-scheme heterojunction with AgBiS2 provides high redox potential. Defects in WO3-x enable electron (e-) storage in R2, which decomposes H2O2 to generate ROS without irradiation. Owing to these essences and broad-spectrum response, it removed 93.72, 82.77, and 84.82% of TC during photo-Fenton (PFR), night-Fenton (NFR), and photocatalytic (PCR) reactions, respectively. Its removal rates reached 94.74, 81.54, and 87.50% against rhodamine B (RhB) during PFR, NFR, and PCR, respectively. It is superior to memory catalysis (MC) and conventional Fenton reactions (CFR) because it can perform without and with irradiation across a broader pH range. So, this work is conducive to designing WO3-x-based catalysts to combat environmental and energy crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Navid Hussain Shah
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mubashar Ilyas
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081, China
| | - Murtaza Mudasar
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Yanyan Cui
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yaling Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China.
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Saleem I, Sheikh A, Khan AY, Ahmed S, Abbas M. Physicochemical properties of ammonium acetate / propionic acid as a novel deep eutectic solvent and its binary mixtures with water in (298.15-353.15) K range. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 313:124144. [PMID: 38508073 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Emergence of deep eutectic solvents as potential replacements for volatile organic solvents has attracted interest of the scientific community in diverse fields of applications. Compared to ionic liquids, which exhibit similarity in many respects with this new class of green solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) show low toxicity, and are easy to prepare from cheap and abundantly available starting materials. Knowledge of physicochemical properties of DESs is a prerequisite for their safe applications in technological fields and to understand the nature of interactions present in these systems. Although physicochemical properties of choline chloride based DESs are widely investigated, similar information on ammonium acetate based DESs is scant. In this work, a novel ammonium acetate/propionic acid deep eutectic solvent (AA/PA DES) is reported which is prepared by mixing ammonium acetate (AA) and propionic acid (PA) in the 1:3 mol ratio and characterized by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, TGA and DSC techniques. The density (ρ), sound velocity (u), viscosity (η) and conductivity (κ) of the pure DES and its binary mixtures with water are investigated over the entire composition range and temperatures (298.15-353.15) K. The excess properties, VmE, KSE, Δη, and ΔG*E are calculated and corelated using Redlich-Kister equation (RKE). Temperature dependence of conductivity and viscosity is satisfactorily described by the Vogel - Fulcher - Tamman (VFT) equation rather than Arrhenius equation. The pure DES shows a wide electrochemical potential window ranging from - 1000 mV to + 1000 mV, which coupled with its better solubilizing characteristics, could be exploited for electrochemical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aafia Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Athar Yaseen Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Safeer Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Quid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
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Smith DRM, Duval A, Grant R, Abbas M, Harbarth S, Opatowski L, Temime L. Predicting consequences of COVID-19 control measure de-escalation on nosocomial transmission and mortality: a modelling study in a French rehabilitation hospital. J Hosp Infect 2024; 147:47-55. [PMID: 38467250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infection control measures are effective for nosocomial COVID-19 prevention but bear substantial health-economic costs, motivating their "de-escalation" in settings at low risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Yet consequences of de-escalation are difficult to predict, particularly in light of novel variants and heterogeneous population immunity. AIM To estimate how infection control measure de-escalation influences nosocomial COVID-19 risk. METHODS An individual-based transmission model was used to simulate SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and control measure de-escalation in a French long-term care hospital with multi-modal control measures in place (testing and isolation, universal masking, single-occupant rooms). Estimates of COVID-19 case fatality rates (CFRs) from reported outbreaks were used to quantify excess COVID-19 mortality due to de-escalation. RESULTS In a population fully susceptible to infection, de-escalating both universal masking and single rooms resulted in hospital-wide outbreaks of 114 (95% CI: 103-125) excess infections, compared with five (three to seven) excess infections when de-escalating only universal masking or 15 (11-18) when de-escalating only single rooms. When de-escalating both measures and applying CFRs from the first wave of COVID-19, excess patient mortality ranged from 1.57 (1.41-1.71) to 9.66 (8.73-10.57) excess deaths/1000 patient-days. By contrast, when applying CFRs from subsequent pandemic waves and assuming susceptibility to infection among 40-60% of individuals, excess mortality ranged from 0 (0-0) to 0.92 (0.77-1.07) excess deaths/1000 patient-days. CONCLUSIONS The de-escalation of bundled COVID-19 control measures may facilitate widespread nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, excess mortality is probably limited in populations at least moderately immune to infection and given CFRs resembling those estimated during the 'post-vaccine' era.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R M Smith
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - A Duval
- Epidemiology & Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Anti-Infective Evasion & Pharmacoepidemiology, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, CESP, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France; Laboratoire MESuRS, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
| | - R Grant
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Infection Control Programme & WHO Collaborating Centre on Infection Prevention and Control and Antimicrobial Resistance, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Infection Control Programme & WHO Collaborating Centre on Infection Prevention and Control and Antimicrobial Resistance, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S Harbarth
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Infection Control Programme & WHO Collaborating Centre on Infection Prevention and Control and Antimicrobial Resistance, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L Opatowski
- Epidemiology & Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France; Anti-Infective Evasion & Pharmacoepidemiology, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, CESP, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - L Temime
- Laboratoire MESuRS, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
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Khan MA, Afshan K, Firasat S, Abbas M, Sargison ND, Betson M, Chaudhry U. Validation of deep amplicon sequencing of Dicrocoelium in small ruminants from Northern regions of Pakistan. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302455. [PMID: 38683822 PMCID: PMC11057770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Dicrocoelium lancet flukes cause significant production loss in ruminant livestock. Although co-infection with multiple Dicrocoelium species within a host is common, techniques for studying the composition of these complex parasite communities are lacking. The pathogenicity, epidemiology, and therapeutic susceptibility of different helminth species vary, and little is known about the interactions that take place between co-infecting species and their hosts. Here, we describe the first applicationof metabarcoding deep amplicon sequencing method to studythe Dicrocoelium species in sheep and goats. First, rDNA ITS-2 sequences of four Dicrocoelium species (Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Dicrocoelium hospes, Dicrocoelium orientalis, and Dicrocoelium chinensis) were extracted from the NCBI public database. Phylogenetic analysis revealed separate clades of Dicrocoelium species; hence, molecular differentiation between each species is possible in co-infections. Second, 202 flukes belonging to seventeen host populations (morphologically verified as belonging to the Dicrocoelium genus) were evaluated to determine the deep amplicon sequencing read threshold of an individual fluke for each of the four species. The accuracy of the method in proportional quantification of samples collected from single hosts was further assessed. Overall, 198 (98.01%) flukes were confirmed as D. dendriticum and 1.98% produced no reads. The comparison of genetic distances between rDNA ITS-2 revealed 86% to 98% identity between the Dicrocoelium species. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a distinct clustering of species, apart from D. orientalis and D. chinensis, which sit very close to each other in a single large clade whereas D. hospes and D. dendriticum are separated into their own clade. In conclusion each sample was identified as D. dendriticum based on the proportion of MiSeq reads and validated the presence of this group of parasites in the Gilgit Baltistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces of Pakistan. The metabarcoding deep amplicon sequencing technology and bioinformatics pathway have several potential applications, including species interactions during co-infections, identifying the host and geographical distribution of Dicrocoelium in livestock, drug therapy response evaluation and understanding of the emergence and spread of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Khan
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Afshan
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabika Firasat
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Neil D. Sargison
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Martha Betson
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Umer Chaudhry
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George’s University True Blue, St. George’s Grenada, Caribbean
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Pavan A, Shi L, Abbas M. Editorial: Updates on combination therapy for lung cancer volume II. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1393278. [PMID: 38706598 PMCID: PMC11067705 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1393278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Pavan
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Unità Locale Socio-Sanitaria (ULSS) 3 Serenissima, Venice, Italy
| | - Liyun Shi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Berger Y, Bard V, Abbas M, Solomon D, Menasherov N, Kashtan H. Thoracic Duct Visualization in Esophageal Resection - a Pilot Trial. Eur Surg Res 2024:000538691. [PMID: 38636484 DOI: 10.1159/000538691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inadvertent thoracic duct injury is common during esophagectomy and may result in postoperative chylothorax. This study's objective is to investigate utility of patent-blue injection as a modality for intraoperative thoracic duct visualization. METHODS A prospective, single-arm, interventional study of patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy was performed. Patients were injected with patent-blue dye into both groins prior to thoracic stage of surgery and assessed for duct visualization. Control group was formed by propensity score matching using retrospectively collected data regarding patients who underwent esophagectomy. RESULTS A total of 25 patients were included in analysis, compared to a control of 50 patients after matching. Thoracic duct was visualized in 60% of patients in the study group (15/25 patients). Significant differences were found between study and control groups(p<0.05) with regards to median operative time (422 vs. 285 minutes, respectively), overall complications (16% vs. 34%, respectively) and median postoperative length of stay (13.5 vs. 10 days, respectively). There was a difference in rate of chyle leak between study and control groups, however this was not significant (0% vs. 12%, respectively, p=0.17). CONCLUSION Patent-blue injection represents a simple method for thoracic duct visualization during minimally invasive esophagectomy which may improve surgical outcomes.
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Mickky B, Elsaka H, Abbas M, Gebreil A, Eldeen RS. Plackett-Burman screening of physico-chemical variables affecting Citrus peel-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8079. [PMID: 38582926 PMCID: PMC10998881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
With the growing resistance of pathogenic microbes to traditional drugs, biogenic silver nanoparticles (SNPs) have recently drawn attention as potent antimicrobial agents. In the present study, SNPs synthesized with the aid of orange (Citrus sinensis) peel were engineered by screening variables affecting their properties via Plackett-Burman design. Among the variables screened (temperature, pH, shaking speed, incubation time, peel extract concentration, AgNO3 concentration and extract/AgNO3 volume ratio), pH was the only variable with significant effect on SNPs synthesis. Therefore, SNPs properties could be enhanced to possess highly regular shape with zeta size of 11.44 nm and zeta potential of - 23.7 mV. SNPs purified, capped and stabilized by cloud point extraction technique were then checked for their antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Listeria innocua, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans. The maximum antimicrobial activity of SNPs was recorded against E. coli, L. monocytogenes and C. albicans with clear zone diameter of 33.2, 31.8 and 31.7 mm, respectively. Based on minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of SNPs (300 mg/l) as well as their effect on respiratory chain dehydrogenases, cellular sugar leakage, protein leakage and lipid peroxidation of microbial cells, E. coli was the most affected. Scanning electron microscopy, protein banding and DNA fragmentation proved obvious ultrastructural and molecular alterations of E. coli treated with SNPs. Thus, biogenic SNPs with enhanced properties can be synthesized with the aid of Citrus peel; and such engineered nanoparticles can be used as potent antimicrobial drug against E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bardees Mickky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Heba Elsaka
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gebreil
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Reham Shams Eldeen
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, Arish, 45511, Egypt
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Yousaf MZ, Abbas M, Nazir T, Abdullah FA, Birhanu A, Emadifar H. Investigation of the dynamical structures of double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model in biological sciences. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6410. [PMID: 38494490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The present research investigates the double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model, which is important for the transfer and retention of genetic material in biological domains. This model is composed of two lengthy uniformly elastic filaments, that stand in for a pair of polynucleotide chains of the deoxyribonucleic acid molecule joined by hydrogen bonds among the bottom combination, demonstrating the hydrogen bonds formed within the chain's base pairs. The modified extended Fan sub equation method effectively used to explain the exact travelling wave solutions for the double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model. Compared to the earlier, now in use methods, the previously described modified extended Fan sub equation method provide more innovative, comprehensive solutions and are relatively straightforward to implement. This method transforms a non-linear partial differential equation into an ODE by using a travelling wave transformation. Additionally, the study yields both single and mixed non-degenerate Jacobi elliptic function type solutions. The complexiton, kink wave, dark or anti-bell, V, anti-Z and singular wave shapes soliton solutions are a few of the creative solutions that have been constructed utilizing modified extended Fan sub equation method that can offer details on the transversal and longitudinal moves inside the DNA helix by freely chosen parameters. Solitons propagate at a consistent rate and retain their original shape. They are widely used in nonlinear models and can be found everywhere in nature. To help in understanding the physical significance of the double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model, several solutions are shown with graphics in the form of contour, 2D and 3D graphs using computer software Mathematica 13.2. All of the requisite constraint factors that are required for the completed solutions to exist appear to be met. Therefore, our method of strengthening symbolic computations offers a powerful and effective mathematical tool for resolving various moderate nonlinear wave problems. The findings demonstrate the system's potentially very rich precise wave forms with biological significance. The fundamentals of double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model diffusion and processing are demonstrated by this work, which marks a substantial development in our knowledge of double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model movements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, 40100, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Nazir
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, 40100, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Farah Aini Abdullah
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Asnake Birhanu
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| | - Homan Emadifar
- Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602 105, India
- MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
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Riaz MB, Rehman AU, Martinovic J, Abbas M. Special function form solutions of multi-parameter generalized Mittag-Leffler kernel based bio-heat fractional order model subject to thermal memory shocks. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299106. [PMID: 38457393 PMCID: PMC10923449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this research is to develop a mathematical model, analyze the dynamic occurrence of thermal shock and exploration of how thermal memory with moving line impact of heat transfer within biological tissues. An extended version of the Pennes equation as its foundational framework, a new fractional modelling approach called the Prabhakar fractional operator to investigate and a novel time-fractional interpretation of Fourier's law that incorporates its historical behaviour. This fractional operator has multi parameter generalized Mittag-Leffler kernel. The fractional formulation of heat flow, achieved through a generalized fractional operator with a non-singular type kernel, enables the representation of the finite propagation speed of heat waves. Furthermore, the dynamics of thermal source continually generates a linear thermal shock at predefined locations within the tissue. Introduced the appropriate set of variables to transform the governing equations into dimensionless form. Laplace transform (LT) is operated on the fractional system of equations and results are presented in series form and also expressed the solution in the form of special functions. The article derives analytical solutions for the heat transfer phenomena of both the generalized model, in the Laplace domain, and the ordinary model in the real domain, employing Laplace inverse transformation. The pertinent parameter's influence, such as α, β, γ, a0, b0, to gain insights into the impact of the thermal memory parameter on heat transfer, is brought under consideration to reveal the interesting results with graphical representations of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Riaz
- IT4Innovations, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Aziz Ur Rehman
- Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jan Martinovic
- IT4Innovations, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodga, Sargodga, Pakistan
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Shah ZA, Zeb M, Ilyas M, Hamid H, Fatima K, Batool M, Abbas M. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome with polyps in the stomach, duodenum, and small and large intestine: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:86. [PMID: 38438911 PMCID: PMC10913253 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare hereditary condition characterized by gastrointestinal polyps and pigmented oral lesions. The case contributes to a deeper understanding of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and underscores the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration for accurate diagnosis and tailored therapeutic strategies. CASE DESCRIPTION We present a case of a 15-year-old Afghan female patient with multiple polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract and mucocutaneous pigmentation. Despite previous medical visits and colonoscopies, her symptoms persisted. A multidisciplinary team discussed the case and recommended further investigations and interventions. A polypectomy was performed, confirming the presence of hamartomatous polyps. The patient was diagnosed with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, but during the course of treatment she went through complications and was managed surgically as well. CONCLUSION Timely polyp removal and lifelong surveillance are crucial in managing Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Further research and genetic analysis are needed to improve understanding and management of this rare disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Zeb
- General Surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | | | - Hasnain Hamid
- Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Komal Fatima
- Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Maria Batool
- Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- General Surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Abbas M, Sheybani S, Mortensen ML, Balkus KJ. Fluoro-bridged rare-earth metal-organic frameworks. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:3445-3453. [PMID: 38247309 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03814a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Rare-earth (RE) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer unique optical, electronic, and magnetic properties. RE metals tend to make binuclear metal nodes resulting in dense nonporous coordination networks. Three dimensional porous RE-MOFs have been reported by preparing bigger metal nodes based on metal clusters often found as hexaclusters or nonaclusters. The formation of metal clusters (>2 metal ions) generally requires the use of fluorinated organic molecules reported as modulators. However, it was recently discovered that these molecules are not modulators, rather they act as reactants and leave fluorine in the metal clusters. The formation and types of fluorinated RE metal clusters have been discussed. These fluorinated clusters offer higher connectivity which results in porous MOFs. The presence of fluorine in these metal clusters offers unique properties, such as higher thermal stability and improved fluorescence. This frontier summarizes recent progress and gives future perspective on the fluorinated metal clusters in the RE-MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
| | - Simin Sheybani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
| | - Marie L Mortensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
| | - Kenneth J Balkus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
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Chen G, Luo Y, Abbas M, Ishaq M, Zheng Z, Chen S, Su Z, Zhang X, Fan P, Liang G. Suppressing Buried Interface Nonradiative Recombination Losses Toward High-Efficiency Antimony Triselenide Solar Cells. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2308522. [PMID: 37922408 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Antimony triselenide (Sb2 Se3 ) has possessed excellent optoelectronic properties and has gained interest as a light-harvesting material for photovoltaic technology over the past several years. However, the severe interfacial and bulk recombination obviously contribute to significant carrier transport loss thus leading to the deterioration of power conversion efficiency (PCE). In this work, buried interface and heterojunction engineering are synergistically employed to regulate the film growth kinetic and optimize the band alignment. Through this approach, the orientation of the precursor films is successfully controlled, promoting the preferred orientational growth of the (hk1) of the Sb2 Se3 films. Besides, interfacial trap-assisted nonradiative recombination loss and heterojunction band alignment are successfully minimized and optimized. As a result, the champion device presents a PCE of 9.24% with short-circuit density (JSC ) and fill factor (FF) of 29.47 mA cm-2 and 63.65%, respectively, representing the highest efficiency in sputtered-derived Sb2 Se3 solar cells. This work provides an insightful prescription for fabricating high-quality Sb2 Se3 thin film and enhancing the performance of Sb2 Se3 solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojie Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Yandi Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, Université de Rennes, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Muhammad Ishaq
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Zhuanghao Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Zhenghua Su
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Xianghua Zhang
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, Université de Rennes, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Ping Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Guangxing Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
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14
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Ansar R, Abbas M, Emadifar H, Nazir T, S. M. Alzaidi A. A dynamical behavior of the coupled Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt equation using two efficient analytical techniques. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296640. [PMID: 38295047 PMCID: PMC10829999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to identify multiple soliton solutions to the nonlinear coupled Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt (BKK) system, including beta, conformable, local-fractional, and M-truncated derivatives. The coupled Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt system is employed for modelling nonlinear wave evolution in mathematical models of fluid dynamics, plasmic, optical, dispersive, and nonlinear long-gravity waves. The travelling wave solutions to the above model are found using the Unified and generalised Bernoulli sub-ODE techniques. By modifying certain parameter values, we may create bright soliton, squeezed bell-shaped wave, expanded v-shaped soliton, W-shaped wave, singular soliton, and periodic solutions. The four distinct kinds of derivatives are compared quite effectively using 2D line graphs. Also, contour plots and 3D graphics are given by using Mathematica 10. Lastly, any pair of propagating wave solutions has symmetrical geometrical forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha Ansar
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Homan Emadifar
- Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Mathematics, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Tahir Nazir
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed S. M. Alzaidi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Mortensen ML, Bisht S, Abbas M, Firouzi H, McCandless GT, Shatruk M, Balkus KJ. Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks Exhibiting Fluoro-Bridged Extended Chains: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:219-228. [PMID: 38150361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Two fluoro-bridged lanthanide-containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized using 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (BPDC), a fluorinated modulator, and a lanthanide nitrate. The syntheses of MOFs containing Gd3+ or Tb3+ and a closely related MOF structure containing Ho3+, Gd3+, or Tb3+ are presented. The presence of the fluorinated metal chains in these MOFs is shown through single crystal X-ray diffraction, energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, 19F nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Magnetic measurements reveal weak antiferromagnetic exchange between the Ln3+ ions mediated by fluoride anions along the zigzag ladder chains present in the crystal structures of these MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie L Mortensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Shubham Bisht
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 102 Varsity Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Hamid Firouzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Gregory T McCandless
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Michael Shatruk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 102 Varsity Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Kenneth J Balkus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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Yousaf Shahzad M, Abbas M, Ansari MT, Abbas M. Binary and ternary complex formation and characterization of artemisinin with sulfobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin and oleic acid. Pak J Pharm Sci 2024; 37:43-52. [PMID: 38741399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Drug-resistant malaria is a global risk to the modern world. Artremisinin (ART) is one of the drugs of choice against drug-resistant (malaria) which is practically insoluble in water. The objective of our study was to improve the solubility of artemisinin (ART) via development of binary complexes of ART with sulfobutylether β-cyclodextrins (SBE7 β-CD), sulfobutylether β-cyclodextrins (SBE7 β-CD) and oleic acid (ternary complexes). These are prepared in various drugs to excipients ratios by physical mixing (PM) and solvent evaporation (SE) methods. Characterizations were achieved by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The aqueous-solubility in binary complexes was 12-folds enhanced than ternary complexes. Dissolution of binary and ternary complexes of artemisinin in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.6) was found highest and 35 times higher for ternary SECx. The crystallinity of artemisinin was decreased in physical mixtures (PMs) while SECx exhibited displaced angles. The attenuated-intensity of SECx showed least peak numbers with more displaced-angles. SEM images of PMs and SECx showed reduced particle size in binary and ternary systems as compared to pure drug-particles. ATR-FTIR spectra of binary and ternary complexes revealed bonding interactions among artemisinin, SBE7 β-CD and oleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mudassar Abbas
- University of Child Health Sciences, The Children's Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
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17
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Goutnik M, Iakovidis A, Still MEH, Moor RSF, Melnick K, Yan S, Abbas M, Huang J, Ghiaseddin AP. Advancements in chimeric antigen receptor-expressing T-cell therapy for glioblastoma multiforme: Literature review and future directions. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdae025. [PMID: 38486856 PMCID: PMC10939440 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive cancer that has been difficult to treat and often requires multimodal therapy consisting of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Chimeric antigen receptor-expressing (CAR-T) cells have been efficacious in treating hematological malignancies, resulting in several FDA-approved therapies. CAR-T cells have been more recently studied for the treatment of GBM, with some promising preclinical and clinical results. The purpose of this literature review is to highlight the commonly targeted antigens, results of clinical trials, novel modifications, and potential solutions for challenges that exist for CAR-T cells to become more widely implemented and effective in eradicating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Goutnik
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexandria Iakovidis
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Megan E H Still
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Rachel S F Moor
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Melnick
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sandra Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jianping Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ashley P Ghiaseddin
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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18
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Sheikh S, Lonetti B, Touche I, Mohammadi A, Li Z, Abbas M. Brownian motion of soft particles near a fluctuating lipid bilayer. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:244903. [PMID: 38149741 DOI: 10.1063/5.0182499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of a soft particle suspended in a viscous fluid can be changed by the presence of an elastic boundary. Understanding the mechanisms and dynamics of soft-soft surface interactions can provide valuable insights into many important research fields, including biomedical engineering, soft robotics development, and materials science. This work investigates the anomalous transport properties of a soft nanoparticle near a visco-elastic interface, where the particle consists of a polymer assembly in the form of a micelle and the interface is represented by a lipid bilayer membrane. Mesoscopic simulations using a dissipative particle dynamics model are performed to examine the impact of micelle's proximity to the membrane on its Brownian motion. Two different sizes are considered, which correspond to ≈10-20nm in physical units. The wavelengths typically seen by the largest micelle fall within the range of wavenumbers where the Helfrich model captures fairly well the bilayer mechanical properties. Several independent simulations allowed us to compute the micelle trajectories during an observation time smaller than the diffusive time scale (whose order of magnitude is similar to the membrane relaxation time of the largest wavelengths), this time scale being hardly accessible by experiments. From the probability density function of the micelle normal position with respect to the membrane, it is observed that the position remains close to the starting position during ≈0.05τd (where τd corresponds to the diffusion time), which allowed us to compare the negative excess of mean-square displacement (MSD) to existing theories. In that time range, the MSD exhibits different behaviors along parallel and perpendicular directions. When the micelle is sufficiently close to the bilayer (its initial distance from the bilayer equals approximately twice its gyration radius), the micelle motion becomes quickly subdiffusive in the normal direction. Moreover, the temporal evolution of the micelle MSD excess in the perpendicular direction follows that of a nanoparticle near an elastic membrane. However, in the parallel direction, the MSD excess is rather similar to that of a nanoparticle near a liquid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sheikh
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - B Lonetti
- IMRCP, UMR5623 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- FR FERMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, INSA, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - I Touche
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - A Mohammadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - Z Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - M Abbas
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- FR FERMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, INSA, UPS, Toulouse, France
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19
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Shafiq M, Abbas M, Emadifar H, Alzaidi ASM, Nazir T, Aini Abdullah F. Numerical investigation of the fractional diffusion wave equation with exponential kernel via cubic B-Spline approach. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295525. [PMID: 38100449 PMCID: PMC10723738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Splines are piecewise polynomials that are as smooth as they can be without forming a single polynomial. They are linked at specific points known as knots. Splines are useful for a variety of problems in numerical analysis and applied mathematics because they are simple to store and manipulate on a computer. These include, for example, numerical quadrature, function approximation, data fitting, etc. In this study, cubic B-spline (CBS) functions are used to numerically solve the time fractional diffusion wave equation (TFDWE) with Caputo-Fabrizio derivative. To discretize the spatial and temporal derivatives, CBS with θ-weighted scheme and the finite difference approach are utilized, respectively. Convergence analysis and stability of the presented method are analyzed. Some examples are used to validate the suggested scheme, and they show that it is feasible and fairly accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Shafiq
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Homan Emadifar
- Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Mathematics, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ahmed SM Alzaidi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahir Nazir
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Farah Aini Abdullah
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Abbas M, Kashmiri K, Rehman IU, Ali Z, Rahman AU, Khalil A, Ming LC, Shafique M, Khan TM. Evaluation of healthcare professionals' understanding of fluoroquinolones' safety profile, usage, and boxed warnings in Pakistan. J Pharm Policy Pract 2023; 16:154. [PMID: 38012805 PMCID: PMC10680351 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-023-00674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fluoroquinolones (FQs) is a distinct class of antibiotics which are prescribed and used quite frequently worldwide, despite the box warnings (BW) issued by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Literature has shown in spite of BWs related to FQs there is minimal impact on health care professionals (HCPs) prescribing habits, potentially attributing towards limited and insufficient awareness. In Pakistan, FQs are mostly prescribed antibiotics for microbial treatments, therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge about the safety profile, use, and BW of FQs among HCPs working in Pakistan. METHODS A cross-sectional study was undertaken among the HCPs of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan from October 2022 to December 2022. A validated questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of HCPs regarding FQs, its safety profile and BW. A random convenient sample technique was used while recruiting HCPs in this study. As the HCPs comprised physicians, dentists, pharmacist and nurses, all were approached in person and the study objective was fully elaborated and explained to them. The statistic test like: one-way ANOVA, independent-t test, multivariate logistic regression were used keeping the p-value < 0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS A total of n = 250 HCPs were approached, of which n = 186 HCPs completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 74.4%. FQs prescribing pattern was only assessed among the prescribers, i.e., physicians and dentists (39/186). The mean knowledge score for indications was 5.29 ± 3.05, while for the adverse effects was 7.70 ± 2.61. The highest score for knowledge for indications and adverse effect score was achieved by physicians followed by dentist. The mean knowledge score for the BW was 3.46 ± 2.93 and among the HCPs for the BW of FQs, 20.4% of the HCPs had appropriate knowledge score (score ≥ 50%). The knowledge score was significantly higher in males (p = 0.039), dentists (p = 0.001), HCPs having master/specialization level of education (p = 0.003), HCPs working in government sector hospitals (p = 0.010) and secondary care hospitals (p = 0.001) while the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HCPs working in primary care hospital (OR: 6.2) and secondary care hospital (OR: 20.3) were associated with the tendency to achieve 50% or above knowledge score. CONCLUSION Findings of this study reveals the unsatisfactory knowledge of HCPs regarding the safety profile, use, and BW of FQs putting patients at heightened risks of FQs associated AEs. Therefore, it is crucial to implement a national antimicrobial stewardship program, seminars and lectures aimed at continuously updating the knowledge of HCPs, regardless of their specialties, and effectively restrict the misuse of antimicrobial and disseminate FDA BWs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Kashmiri
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Inayat Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Zahid Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Ur Rahman
- Department of Urology, North West General Hospital and Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asad Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Shafique
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tahir Mehmood Khan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Mossanen M, Smith AB, Onochie N, Matulewicz R, Bjurlin MA, Kibel AS, Abbas M, Shore N, Chisolm S, Bangs R, Cooper Z, Gore JL. Bladder cancer patient and provider perspectives on smoking cessation. Urol Oncol 2023; 41:457.e9-457.e16. [PMID: 37805339 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is the most common risk factor for bladder cancer and is associated with adverse clinical and cancer-related outcomes. Increasing understanding of the patient and provider perspectives on smoking cessation may provide insight into improving smoking cessation rates among bladder cancer survivors. We sought to inform strategies for providers promoting cessation efforts and help patients quit smoking. METHODS Using a modified Delphi process with multidisciplinary input from bladder cancer providers, researchers, and a patient advocate, 2 surveys were created for bladder cancer patients and providers. Surveys included multiple-choice questions and free answers. The survey was administered electronically and queried participants' perspectives on barriers and facilitators associated with smoking cessation. Survey responses were anonymous, and participants were provided with a $20 Amazon gift card for participating. Patients were approached through the previously established Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network (BCAN) Patient Survey Network, an online bladder cancer patient and caregiver community. Providers were recruited from the Society of Urologic Oncology (SUO) and the Large Urology Group Practice Association (LUGPA). RESULTS From May to June 2021, 308 patients and 103 providers completed their respective surveys. Among patients who quit smoking, most (64%) preferred no pharmacologic intervention ("cold turkey") followed by nicotine replacement therapy (28%). Repeated efforts at cessation commonly occurred, and 67% reported making more than one attempt at quitting prior to eventual smoking cessation. Approximately 1 in 10 patients were unaware of the association between bladder cancer and smoking. Among providers, 75% felt that barriers to provide cessation include a lack of clinical time, adequate training, and reimbursement concerns. However, 79% of providers endorsed a willingness to receive continuing education on smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS Bladder cancer patients utilize a variety of cessation strategies with "cold turkey" being the most used method, and many patients make multiple attempts at smoking cessation. Providers confront multiple barriers to conducting smoking cessation, including inadequate time and training in cessation methods; however, most would be willing to receive additional education. These results inform future interventions tailored to bladder cancer clinicians to better support provider efforts to provide smoking cessation counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Mossanen
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery and Public Health, Boston, MA; Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston MA.
| | - Angela B Smith
- Department of Urology, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Richard Matulewicz
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Marc A Bjurlin
- Department of Urology, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery and Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Neal Shore
- GenesisCare, Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC
| | | | - Rick Bangs
- GenesisCare, Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC; Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network, Bethesda, MD
| | - Zara Cooper
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery and Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - John L Gore
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA
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22
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Ullah I, Waqas M, Ilyas M, Halim SA, Ahmad A, Dominik N, Ullah W, Abbas M, Aamir M, Houlden H, Efthymiou S, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. A novel variant of GALC in a familial case of Krabbe disease: Insights from structural bioinformatics and molecular dynamics simulation. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2263-2266. [PMID: 37554178 PMCID: PMC10404946 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Ullah
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra, Dhodial 21120, Pakistan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25120, Pakistan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 19060, Pakistan
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Akmal Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra, Dhodial 21120, Pakistan
| | - Natalia Dominik
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Wahid Ullah
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25120, Pakistan
| | - SYNaPS Study Group
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Queen Square Genomics
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
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Mehmood Y, Shahid H, Abbas M, Farooq U, Ali S, Kazi M. Microsponge-derived mini tablets loaded with immunosuppressive agents: Pharmacokinetic investigation in human volunteers, cell viability and IVIVC correlation. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101799. [PMID: 37868642 PMCID: PMC10585343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirolimus, a potent immunosuppressant, has been demonstrated to have remarkable activity in inhibiting allograft rejection in transplantation. The objective of the study was to fabricate microsponge mini tablets with enhanced solubility and bioavailability. β-Cyclodextrin and NEOCEL C91 were selected to prepare the microsponges (SLM-M) to improve the stability and solubility of sirolimus. The current study involved the quasi emulsion-solvent diffusion technique to design sirolimus-loaded microsponges that were further compressed into mini tablets 4 mm in diameter. Solid-state characterization, dissolution at different pH values, stability, and pharmacokinetic profiles with IVIVC data were analyzed in humans. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the formulations, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to assess the drug stability of the compressed microsponge minitablets. The API changed from the crystalline state to an amorphous state, as shown by XRD and DSC. The compressed mini tablets showed a 4-fold enhancement in the drug dissolution profile. A toxicology investigation suggested that mini tablets were safe. In humans, the bioavailability of sirolimus compressed mini tablets from SLM-M was significantly improved. The results suggest that mini tablets prepared with β-cyclodextrin and NEOCEL C91 by a quasi emulsion-solvent diffusion process might be an alternative way to improve the bioavailability of sirolimus. In addition, the manufacturing process is easily scalable for the commercialization of drugs to market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Mehmood
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Faisalabad, P. O. Box 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hira Shahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, P.O. Box 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Imran Idress College of Pharmacy, Sialkot P.O. Box 51310, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grand Asian University, Sialkot, Punjab P.O. Box 51310, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Ascendia Pharma, Inc. North Brunswick, NJ 08902 USA
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 2457, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Mahmood A, Srivastava HM, Abbas M, Abdullah FA, Othman Mohammed P, Baleanu D, Chorfi N. Optical soliton solutions of the coupled Radhakrishnan-Kundu-Lakshmanan equation by using the extended direct algebraic approach. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20852. [PMID: 37916109 PMCID: PMC10616149 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The analytical soliton solutions place a lot of value on birefringent fibres. The major goal of this study is to generate novel forms of soliton solutions for the Radhakrishnan-Kundu-Lakshmanan equation, which depicts unstable optical solitons that arise from optical propagations using birefringent fibres. The (presumably new) extended direct algebraic (EDA) technique is used here to extract a large number of solutions for RKLE. It gives soliton solutions up to thirty-seven, which essentially correspond to all soliton families. This method's ability to determine many sorts of solutions through a single process is one of its key advantages. Additionally, it is simple to infer that the technique employed in this study is really straightforward yet one of the quite effective approaches to solving nonlinear partial differential equations so, this novel extended direct algebraic (EDA) technique may be regarded as a comprehensive procedure. The resulting solutions are found to be hyperbolic, periodic, trigonometric, bright and dark, combined bright-dark, and W-shaped soliton, and these solutions are visually represented by means of 2D, 3D, and density plots. The present study can be extended to investigate several other nonlinear systems to understand the physical insights of the optical propagations through birefringent fibre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Mahmood
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Hari Mohan Srivastava
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3R4, Canada
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Section of Mathematics, International Telematic University Uninettuno, I-00186 Rome, Italy
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Farah Aini Abdullah
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Pshtiwan Othman Mohammed
- Department of Mathematics, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Dumitru Baleanu
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut 11022801, Lebanon
- Institute of Space Sciences, R76900 Magurele-Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Nejmeddine Chorfi
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Lone MA, Kumar B, Musharraf H, Lone MM, Lone MA, Shaikh MS, Inayat A, Abbas M. Current Trends In Complete Denture Education In Undergraduate Dental Colleges Of Pakistan. J PAK MED ASSOC 2023; 73:2029-2035. [PMID: 37876065 DOI: 10.47391/jpma.9710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective To determine the current trends in complete denture education in undergraduate dental colleges. METHODS The survey-based study was conducted in April and May 2020 at undergraduate dental colleges of Pakistan, and comprised heads of the Prosthodontics Department at all dental colleges across Pakistan having at least one batch of final year dental students. Data was collected using an online predesigned questionnaire that explored theoretical and practical teaching patterns of complete denture prosthodontics in the undergraduate years, and the materials and practices of students when constructing complete dentures in the clinics. The participants were given the option of choosing more than one option where needed. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. RESULTS Of the 49 subjects approached, 40(81.6%) returned the forms duly filled; 11(27.5%) from public-sector institutions and 29(72.5%) from the private sector. There were 26(65%) institutions which required that their undergraduate students fabricate 2-4 conventional complete dentures. In all 40(100%) colleges, faculty gave live clinical demonstrations before students fabricated conventional complete dentures in the outpatient departments. Teaching strategy included small group discussions in 25(62.5%) institutions. Green stick 40(100%), zinc oxide eugenol 40(100%) and impression compound 39(97.2%) were the materials of choice for various steps of impression making. In all the 40(100%) institutions, students fabricated conventional complete dentures during their prosthodontics rotation. Immediate, copy and overdentures were constructed by students in 8(20%), 3(7.5%) and 8(20%) institutions, respectively. Conclusion Majority of the dental schools used similar impression materials and techniques for fabricating conventional complete dentures. Didactic teaching of conventional and unconventional complete dentures was being carried out at a huge majority of the dental institutions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneeb Ahmed Lone
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bharat Kumar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hira Musharraf
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Maham Muneeb Lone
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohid Abrar Lone
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saad Shaikh
- Department of Oral Biology, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Inayat
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Hussain S, Ahmed S, Akram W, Sardar R, Abbas M, Yasin NA. Selenium-Priming mediated growth and yield improvement of turnip under saline conditions. Int J Phytoremediation 2023; 26:710-726. [PMID: 37753953 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2261548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Salt toxicity is one of the foremost environmental stresses that declines nutrient uptake, photosynthetic activity and growth of plants resulting in a decrease in crop yield and quality. Seed priming has become an emergent strategy to alleviate abiotic stress and improve plant growth. During the current study, turnip seed priming with sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) was investigated for its ability to mitigate salt stress. Turnip (Brassica rapa L. var. Purple Top White Globe) seeds primed with 75, 100, and 125 μML-1 of Se were subjected to 200 mM salt stress under field conditions. Findings of the current field research demonstrated that salt toxicity declined seed germination, chlorophyll content, and gas exchange characteristics of B. rapa seedling. Whereas, Se-primed seeds showed higher germination rate and plant growth which may be attributed to the decreased level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased synthesis of proline (36%) and besides increased total chlorophyll (46%) in applied turnip plants. Higher expression levels of genes encoding antioxidative activities (CAT, POD, SO,D and APX) mitigated oxidative stress induced by the salt toxicity. Additionally, Se treatment decreased Na+ content and enhanced K+ content resulting in elevated K+/Na+ ratio in the treated plants. The in-silico assessment revealed the interactive superiority of Se with antioxidant enzymes including CAT, POD, SOD, and APX as compared to sodium chloride (NaCl). Computational study of enzymes-Se and enzymes-NaCl molecules also revealed the stress ameliorative potential of Se through the presence of more Ramachandran-favored regions (94%) and higher docking affinities of Se (-6.3). The in-silico studies through molecular docking of Na2SeO3, NaCl, and ROS synthesizing enzymes (receptors) including cytochrome P450 (CYP), lipoxygenase (LOX), and xanthine oxidase (XO), also confirmed the salt stress ameliorative potential of Se in B. rapa. The increased Ca, P, Mg, and Zn nutrients uptake nutrients uptake in 100 μML-1 Se primed seedlings helped to adjust the stomatal conductivity (35%) intercellular CO2 concentration (32%), and photosynthetic activity (41%) resulting in enhancement of the yield attributes. More number of seeds per plant (6%), increased turnip weight (115 gm) root length (17.24 cm), root diameter (12 cm) as well as turnip yield increased by (9%tons ha-1) were recorded for 100 μML-1 Se treatment under salinity stress. Findings of the current research judiciously advocate the potential of Se seed priming for salt stress alleviation and growth improvement in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Hussain
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Akram
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Sardar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ahmad N, Ali S, Abbas M, Fazal H, Saqib S, Ali A, Ullah Z, Zaman S, Sawati L, Zada A, Sohail. Antimicrobial efficacy of Mentha piperata-derived biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles against UTI-resistant pathogens. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14972. [PMID: 37696980 PMCID: PMC10495404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Misuse of antibiotics leads to the worldwide spread of antibiotic resistance, which motivates scientists to create new antibiotics. The recurring UTI due to antibiotics-resistant microorganism's challenges scientists globally. The biogenic nanoparticles have the potential to meet the escalating requirements of novel antimicrobial agents. The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) gained more attention due to their reliable applications against resistant microbes. The current study evaluates the biogenic ZnO NPs of Mentha piperata extract against resistant pathogens of urinary tract infections by agar well diffusion assay. The biogenic ZnO NPs revealed comparatively maximum inhibition in comparison to synthetic antibiotics against two bacterial strains (Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and a fungal strain (Candida albicans).The synthesized biogenic ZnO NPs alone revealed maximum activities than the combination of plant extract (PE) and ZnO NPs, and PE alone. The physiochemical features of ZnO NPs characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. The UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed 281.85 nm wavelengths; the XRD pattern revealed the crystalline structure of ZnO NPs. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of carboxylic and nitro groups, which could be attributed to plant extract. SEM analysis revealed spherical hollow symmetry due to electrostatic forces. The analysis via EDX confirmed the presence of Zn and oxygen in the sample. The physiochemical features of synthesized ZnO NPs provide pivotal information such as quality and effectiveness. The current study revealed excellent dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic isolates from UTI-resistant patients. The higher concentration of ZnONPs interacts with the cell membrane which triggers oxidative burst. They may bind with the enzymes and proteins and brings epigenetic alteration which leads to membrane disruption or cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Ahmad
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Shujat Ali
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Hina Fazal
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Saddam Saqib
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Centre of Plant Science and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Charbagh, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Ullah
- Centre of Plant Science and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Charbagh, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Shah Zaman
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18800, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Laraib Sawati
- Department of Chemical and Life Sciences, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, 25124, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Zada
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Sohail
- Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Humboldt-University Zü Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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28
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Abbas M, Aslam S, Abdullah FA, Riaz MB, Gepreel KA. An efficient spline technique for solving time-fractional integro-differential equations. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19307. [PMID: 37810099 PMCID: PMC10558353 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spline curves are very prominent in the mathematics due to their simple construction, accuracy of assessment and ability to approximate complicated structures into interactive curved designs. A spline is a smooth piece-wise polynomial function. The primary goal of this study is to use extended cubic B-spline (ExCuBS) functions with a new second order derivative approximation to obtain the numerical solution of the weakly singular kernel (SK) non-linear fractional partial integro-differential equation (FPIDE). The spatial and temporal fractional derivatives are discretized by ExCuBS and the Caputo finite difference scheme, respectively. The present study found that it is stable and convergent. The validity of the current approach is examined on a few test problems, and the obtained outcomes are compared with those that have previously been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Aslam
- Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Farah Aini Abdullah
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Bilal Riaz
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza, 11/1280-233 Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, 54770 C-II Johar Town Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khaled A. Gepreel
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Rehbar B, Bilal M, Hassan HU, Gabol K, Khan MF, Nadeem K, Ullah S, Taj M, Khan FA, Abbas M, Ibrahim M, Haq IU, Ahmad A, Ríos-Escalante PR. Morphometric analysis and roosting ecology of bat species Pteropus Medius in Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e259039. [PMID: 37466508 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphometric measurement and roosting ecology of Pteropus medius were aimed to find out in Mansehra district of KP, Pakistan. Total 3149 numbers of bats were found in eight biological spots visited; Baffa Doraha, Darband, Dadar, Jallu, Hazara University, Garhi Habibullah Chattar Plain and Jabori, in total 299 numbers of different species of trees including; Morus alba, Pinus raxburghi, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Morus nigra, Grevillea robusta, Brousonetia papyrifera, Platanus orientalis, Ailanthus altissima, Hevea brasiliensis and Populus nigra. Morphometric features were measured and found vary according to sex of the bats. The average wing span, wing`s length from tip of wing to neck, from thumb to tip of wing and the body`s length from head and claws were recorded to be 102.98 cm, 49.07cm, 28.7 cm and 22.78 cm respectively in males while 93.67 cm, 44.83cm, 24.78cm and 22.78 cm respectively in female bats. Mean circumference of the body including wings and without wing were measured as 22.78 cm and 17.29 cm in males and that of female were 20.07 cm and 16.9 cm. Average length of thumb 3.64 cm, ear`s length 3.1 cm, snout 5.62cm, eye length were 1.07 cm for both sexes and length between the feet in extended position were16.3 cm. Generally different measurement of males bodies were found to be greater than female such as mean body surface area, mass, volume and pressure were found to be 2691.79 cm2, 855.7gm,1236.4 ml and 295.77 dyne/ c m 3 for male and 2576.46 cm2, 852.71gm,1207 ml and 290.2 dyne/ c m 3 respectively for female. While weight and density for both males and females bats were same with mean of 8.59 newton and 0.701 g/m3. Findings of current reports can add valued information in literature about bats, which can be used for species identification and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rehbar
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Bilal
- Government College University Lahore, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - H U Hassan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
- Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Fisheries Development Board, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - K Gabol
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M F Khan
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - K Nadeem
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Taj
- Degree College Gulabad Adenzai, Department of Environmental Sciences, KPK, Pakistan
| | - F A Khan
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Abbas
- Quaid-i- Azam University, Department of Zoology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Ibrahim
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - I U Haq
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - A Ahmad
- Islamia College Peshawar, Department of Zoology, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - P R Ríos-Escalante
- Universidad Católica de Temuco, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Temuco, Chile
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30
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Mehmood Y, Shahid H, Abbas M, Farooq U, Alshehri S, Alam P, Shakeel F, Ghoneim MM. Developing Nanosuspension Loaded with Azelastine for Potential Nasal Drug Delivery: Determination of Proinflammatory Interleukin IL-4 mRNA Expression and Industrial Scale-Up Strategy. ACS Omega 2023; 8:23812-23824. [PMID: 37426214 PMCID: PMC10324090 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to increase bioavailability and intranasal absorbance, the current work set out to create azelastine nasal spray based on nanosuspension. Chondroitin was utilized as a polymer to prepare azelastine nanosuspension through the precipitation procedure. A size of 500 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.276 with a negative potential (-20 mV) were achieved. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis including differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, in vitro release, and diffusion studies were used to characterize the optimized nanosuspension. MTT assay was used to assess the viability of the cells, and hemolysis assay was used to assess the blood compatibility. Using RNA extraction and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4, which is most closely related to cytokines in allergic rhinitis, were measured in mouse lungs. The drug dissolution and diffusion study indicated 2.0-fold increase compared to pure reference sample. Therefore, the azelastine nanosuspension could be suggested as a practical and simple nanosystem for intranasal delivery with improved permeability and bioavailability. The outcome obtained in this study indicated that azelastine nanosuspension has great potential to treat allergic rhinitis as intranasal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Mehmood
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, P. O. Box 38000, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Faisalabad, P. O. Box 38000, Punjab 44000, Pakistan
| | - Hira Shahid
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, P. O. Box 38000, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Imran
Adress College of Pharmacy, P. O. Box 51310, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Grand Asian University, P. O. Box 51310, Sialkot, 51040 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department
of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Abbas M, Alossaimi MA, Altamimi ASA, Alajaji M, Watson DG, Shah SI, Shah Y, Anwar MS. Determination of α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentration by HPLC in patients following local infiltration analgesia for primary total hip arthroplasty and its relation to ropivacaine (total and unbound). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1145962. [PMID: 37456752 PMCID: PMC10345198 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1145962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study was performed to determine the levels of α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in old-age patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. AGP is considered an acute phase protein produced during the acute phase reaction in the body to various stimuli; their proper monitoring is thus important. Methods: In order to study how AGP concentrations in old age patients change in response to surgical stress (total hip arthroplasty), a high-performance liquid chromatography assay was performed to measure AGP levels. AGP was isolated from the plasma by adding perchloric acid and was analyzed using PLRP-S 4000°A column. The mobile phase consisted of 1 mL TFA/L of water (Solvent A pH 2) and 1 mL TFA/L of acetonitrile (Solvent B). The gradient used was as follows: 0 min 18% B and 82% A, 15 min 60% B and 40% A, and 17 min 60% B and 40% A followed by column re-equilibration for 7 min before the next injection. AGP peak was obtained between 8.8 and 8.9 min. The method was fully optimised according to established guidelines. Results: The data obtained were analyzed on ChromQuest software. AGP concentrations were determined in all samples, including baseline and samples taken at different timed intervals. The peak for AGP was obtained between 8.8 and 8.9 min for both standard AGP and patient plasma. The graphs indicate that AGP concentration in almost all patient samples increased considerably, especially after 4 h and 24 h-for example, initial concentration in patient 1 was 10.36 mg/100 mL but, after 24 h, increased to 23.50 mg/100 mL. There was thus almost a 13 mg/100 mL increase in 24 h, which is confirmed by AGP concentration increasing after various conditions, including surgery. The increased plasma protein binding was comparatively associated with the unchanged free fraction of the drug. Conclusion: This surgically induced increase in AGP concentration resulted in increased plasma protein binding of the drug (ropivacaine), which in turn kept the free portion of ropivacaine stable during the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Manal A. Alossaimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Alajaji
- College of Pharmacy, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - David G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sayyed I. Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Yasar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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Aljohani AO, Sghaireen MG, Abbas M, Alzarea BK, Srivastava KC, Shrivastava D, Issrani R, Mathew M, Alsharari AHL, Alsharari MAD, Aljunaydi NA, Alanazi S, Alsharari MMS, Alam MK. Comparative Evaluation of Condylar Guidance Angles Measured Using Arcon and Non-Arcon Articulators and Panoramic Radiographs-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1352. [PMID: 37374135 DOI: 10.3390/life13061352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The condylar guidance value (CGV) measurement constitutes an important part of a holistic prosthodontic treatment plan, with horizontal CGVs (HCGVs) and lateral CGVs (LCGVs) being two of the most prominently recognized. This systematic review aimed at evaluating the efficacy of two different types of CGV measurement protocols-articulators (both arcon and non-arcon) and panoramic radiographs. Additionally, it attempts to determine which of the mentioned methods performs better across several parameters. Several important web databases were searched using search terms derived from medical subject headings (MeSH), using keywords linked to "Arcon articulator", "Condylar guidance angle", "non-arcon articulator", "Panoramic x-ray" and "Radiographic examination", which constituted the first step in the study selection strategy. After completion, the search strategy which initially turned up to 831 papers, eventually ended up with 13 studies. The review and subsequent meta-analysis revealed that panoramic radiographs had noticeably greater efficacy in terms of the CGVs as compared to the articulators in the majority of the studies. Within the articulators, the arcon types recorded slightly higher CGVs than the non-arcon variety owing to the precision of jaw movement simulation in the former. However, further studies are required to validate these findings and establish more precise guidelines for the use of CGV measurement protocols in prosthodontic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Obaid Aljohani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Kureyem Alzarea
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumar Chandan Srivastava
- Division of Oral Medicine & Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepti Shrivastava
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Division of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Rakhi Issrani
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Division of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Merin Mathew
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Saif Alanazi
- Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Orthodontic Division, Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai 602105, India
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil international University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
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Zubair HM, Khan MA, Gulzar F, Alkholief M, Malik A, Akhtar S, Sharif A, Akhtar MF, Abbas M. Patient Perspectives and Side-Effects Experience on Chemotherapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Qualitative Study. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:449-460. [PMID: 37255669 PMCID: PMC10226488 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s396751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore patients' experiences of palliative chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), how patients adapt to their new and challenging life after chemotherapy, their beliefs, and their quality of life. Patients and Methods The study used an exploratory descriptive qualitative approach that was designed to explore the experiences and side effects of NSCLC patients on chemotherapy in Pakistan. The study was designed to obtain a deeper understanding of 22 NSCLC patients' experiences, using a face-to-face approach and interviews were conducted. Patients who have completed chemotherapy agreed to participate in semi-structured interviews. Results The data were arranged into five themes: hospital facilities and environment, patient's beliefs in alternative treatments, presenting a positive/negative face, life is for living, and health insurance coverage. The major complaints related to bad experiences of chemotherapy-induced side effects, but these patients still managed to complete the full course of their respective chemotherapy. Additionally, the current study revealed the real experience of patients with NSCLC which had been less studied. The patient's experience was summarized into four themes and several subthemes. Conclusion This study aid healthcare providers when deciding on treatment options that will improve shared decision-making between clinicians and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Arslan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy Services, The University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Gulzar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Musaed Alkholief
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO, USA
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abu-Izneid T, Abbas M, Watson DG, Shah Y, Shah SI, Khuda F. Estimation of dihydroartemisinin in human plasma using a highly sensitive LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer with Xcalibur software. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1157604. [PMID: 37284315 PMCID: PMC10239939 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1157604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Artemether (ARM), the O-methyl ether prodrug of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), is considered a first-line antimalarial agent. Artemether is extensively metabolized in vivo to its active metabolite DHA, and therefore its determination offers considerable difficulties. In the present study, DHA identification and estimation were accurately performed by the mass spectrometric analysis, using a high-resolution liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS) LTQ Orbitrap hybrid mass spectrometer. Methods: The plasma samples were taken from healthy volunteers, and the spiked plasma was extracted by adding 1 mL of a mixture of dichloromethane and tert.-methyl butyl ether (8:2 v/v) to 0.5 mL of plasma. The internal standard solution (artemisinin 500 ng/mL) was added to the plasma samples. After vertexing and centrifugation, the organic layer was separated and transferred into another tube and dried under nitrogen. The residue was reconstituted in 100 μL of acetonitrile and was injected onto the LC-MS system for analysis. Measurement of standards and samples was carried out isocratically on a Surveyor HPLC system combined with an LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer using an ACE 5 C18-PFP column. Mobile phase A consisted of 0.1% v/v formic acid in water, Mobile phase B consisted of acetonitrile only, and isocratic elution was carried out with A:B 20:80, v/v. The flow rate was 500 μL/min. The ESI interface was operated in a positive ion mode with a spray voltage of 4.5 kV. Results: Artemether is not a very biologically stable compound and is immediately metabolized to its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin, so no clear peak was observed for artemether. Both artemether and DHA after ionization undergo neutral losses of methanol and water, respectively, in the source of the mass spectrometer. The ions observed were (MH-H2O) m/z 267.15 for DHA and (MH-m/z 283.15 for internal standard artemisinin. The method was validated according to international guidelines. Discussion: The validated method was applied successfully for the determination and quantification of DHA in plasma samples. This method works well for the extraction of drugs, and the Orbitrap system with the help of Xcalibur software accurately and precisely determines the concentration of DHA in spiked as well as volunteer's plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - David G. Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Yasar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sayyed I. Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Khuda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Asif MS, Faisal MS, Dar MN, Hamdi M, Elmannai H, Rizwan A, Abbas M. Hybrid Deep Learning and Discrete Wavelet Transform-Based ECG Biometric Recognition for Arrhythmic Patients and Healthy Controls. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:4635. [PMID: 37430549 PMCID: PMC10220968 DOI: 10.3390/s23104635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic and liveness detection behavior of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals has made it an emerging biometric modality for the researcher with several applications including forensic, surveillance and security. The main challenge is the low recognition performance with datasets of large populations, including healthy and heart-disease patients, with a short interval of an ECG signal. This research proposes a novel method with the feature-level fusion of the discrete wavelet transform and a one-dimensional convolutional recurrent neural network (1D-CRNN). ECG signals were preprocessed by removing high-frequency powerline interference, followed by a low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 1.5 Hz for physiological noises and by baseline drift removal. The preprocessed signal is segmented with PQRST peaks, while the segmented signals are passed through Coiflets' 5 Discrete Wavelet Transform for conventional feature extraction. The 1D-CRNN with two long short-term memory (LSTM) layers followed by three 1D convolutional layers was applied for deep learning-based feature extraction. These combinations of features result in biometric recognition accuracies of 80.64%, 98.81% and 99.62% for the ECG-ID, MIT-BIH and NSR-DB datasets, respectively. At the same time, 98.24% is achieved when combining all of these datasets. This research also compares conventional feature extraction, deep learning-based feature extraction and a combination of these for performance enhancement, compared to transfer learning approaches such as VGG-19, ResNet-152 and Inception-v3 with a small segment of ECG data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sheharyar Asif
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock City 43600, Pakistan; (M.S.A.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Muhammad Shahzad Faisal
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock City 43600, Pakistan; (M.S.A.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Muhammad Najam Dar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Monia Hamdi
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.); (H.E.)
| | - Hela Elmannai
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.); (H.E.)
| | - Atif Rizwan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Jeju National University, Jejusi 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Computer and Software Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
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Li Z, Xie Z, Li W, Aziz HS, Abbas M, Zheng Z, Su Z, Fan P, Chen S, Liang G. Charge Transport Enhancement in BiVO 4 Photoanode for Efficient Solar Water Oxidation. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16093414. [PMID: 37176295 PMCID: PMC10180425 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting in a pH-neutral electrolyte has attracted more and more attention in the field of sustainable energy. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is a highly promising photoanode material for PEC water splitting. Additionally, cobaltous phosphate (CoPi) is a material that can be synthesized from Earth's rich materials and operates stably in pH-neutral conditions. Herein, we propose a strategy to enhance the charge transport ability and improve PEC performance by electrodepositing the in situ synthesis of a CoPi layer on the BiVO4. With the CoPi co-catalyst, the water oxidation reaction can be accelerated and charge recombination centers are effectively passivated on BiVO4. The BiVO4/CoPi photoanode shows a significantly enhanced photocurrent density (Jph) and applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE), which are 1.8 and 3.2 times higher than those of a single BiVO4 layer, respectively. Finally, the FTO/BiVO4/CoPi photoanode displays a photocurrent density of 1.39 mA cm-2 at 1.23 VRHE, an onset potential (Von) of 0.30 VRHE, and an ABPE of 0.45%, paving a potential path for future hydrogen evolution by solar-driven water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhibin Xie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Weibang Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hafiz Sartaj Aziz
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhuanghao Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhenghua Su
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guangxing Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Ullah W, Ilyas M, Tariq M, Imdad M, Ullah I, Efthymiou S, Faheem M, Abbas M, Aamir M, Nouman M, Houlden H. Exome sequencing identifies a novel pathogenic variant in RAB3GAP1 causing Warburg Micro syndrome in a Pakistani family. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 37186309 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Warburg Micro (WARBM) syndrome is a rare heterogeneous recessive genetic disorder characterized by ocular, neurological, and endocrine problems. To date, disease-causing variants in four genes have been identified to cause this syndrome; of these, RAB3GAP1 variants are the most frequent. Very little is known about WARBM syndrome in rural populations. OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the genetics underpinnings of WARBM syndrome in a Pashtun family with two patients from Pakistan. The patients presented with spastic diplegia, severe intellectual disability, microphthalmia, microcornea, congenital cataracts, optic atrophy, and hypogonadism. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis revealed pronounced cerebral atrophy including corpus callosum hypoplasia and polymicrogyria. Exome sequencing and subsequent filtering identified a novel homozygous missense variant NM_001172435: c.2891A>G, p.Gln964Arg in the RAB3GAP1 gene. The variant was validated, and its segregation confirmed, by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Multiple prediction tools assess this variant to be damaging, and structural analysis of the protein shows that the mutant amino acid residue affects polar contact with the neighboring atoms. It is extremely rare and is absent in all the public databases. Taken together, these observations suggest that this variant underlies Micro syndrome in our family and is extremely important for management and family planning. CONCLUSIONS Identification of this extremely rare variant extends the mutations spectrum of Micro syndrome. Screening more families, especially in underrepresented populations, will help unveil the mutation spectrum underlying this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahid Ullah
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Imdad
- Centre for Human Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Henry Houlden
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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Abbas M, Guang LIS, Jun FZ, Long WW, Bashir Z, Qureshi SM. A Comparative Study of Plastic and Conserving Surgery in Surgical Treatment for Breast Cancer. J Pharm Res Int 2023. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i67331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Tumor surgeons now pay special attention to the alteration in breast form following breast-conserving surgery. Safety of breast-conserving margins and postoperative breast appearance are typically challenging in conventional breast-conserving surgery due to the effect of variables such as big breast tumors or unusual placements. It's important to remember that postoperative breast deformity is a real possibility. Breast-conserving tumor plastic surgery combines tumor excision with plastic surgery, allowing for a more thorough removal of the tumor. It provides a more humane treatment option for the majority of patients by ensuring the safety of surgical margins, considering the aesthetic effects, increasing the breast-conserving opportunities for patients with tumors in special parts, and expanding the indications for breast-conserving surgery. It also greatly improves the postoperative quality of life and mental state. In this article, we deeply examine the current state of knowledge concerning the effectiveness, safety, and appropriate patient population for breast-conserving surgery in the context of tumor plastic surgery.
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Chen G, Li X, Abbas M, Fu C, Su Z, Tang R, Chen S, Fan P, Liang G. Tellurium Doping Inducing Defect Passivation for Highly Effective Antimony Selenide Thin Film Solar Cell. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1240. [PMID: 37049333 PMCID: PMC10096927 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) is emerging as a promising photovoltaic material owing to its excellent photoelectric property. However, the low carrier transport efficiency, and detrimental surface oxidation of the Sb2Se3 thin film greatly influenced the further improvement of the device efficiency. In this study, the introduction of tellurium (Te) can induce the benign growth orientation and the desirable Sb/Se atomic ratio in the Te-Sb2Se3 thin film. Under various characterizations, it found that the Te-doping tended to form Sb2Te3-doped Sb2Se3, instead of alloy-type Sb2(Se,Te)3. After Te doping, the mitigation of surface oxidation has been confirmed by the Raman spectra. High-quality Te-Sb2Se3 thin films with preferred [hk1] orientation, large grain size, and low defect density can be successfully prepared. Consequently, a 7.61% efficiency Sb2Se3 solar cell has been achieved with a VOC of 474 mV, a JSC of 25.88 mA/cm2, and an FF of 64.09%. This work can provide an effective strategy for optimizing the physical properties of the Sb2Se3 absorber, and therefore the further efficiency improvement of the Sb2Se3 solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojie Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (G.C.); (X.L.); (M.A.); (Z.S.); (P.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Xiangye Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (G.C.); (X.L.); (M.A.); (Z.S.); (P.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (G.C.); (X.L.); (M.A.); (Z.S.); (P.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Chen Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (G.C.); (X.L.); (M.A.); (Z.S.); (P.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Zhenghua Su
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (G.C.); (X.L.); (M.A.); (Z.S.); (P.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Rong Tang
- School of New Energy and Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan 528137, China;
| | - Shuo Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (G.C.); (X.L.); (M.A.); (Z.S.); (P.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Ping Fan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (G.C.); (X.L.); (M.A.); (Z.S.); (P.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Guangxing Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (G.C.); (X.L.); (M.A.); (Z.S.); (P.F.); (G.L.)
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Habib M, Bajwa HF, Abbas M, Chaudhary MA. A very rare case of diphallia with anorectal malformation. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 105:107980. [PMID: 36933406 PMCID: PMC10031018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.107980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Diphallia is extremely rare urological anomaly with reported incidence of 1 in 5-6 million live births. It can present as complete or incomplete diphallia. In most of the cases it is associated with complex urological, gastrointestinal or anorectal malformations. CASE PRESENTATION We report here case of a newborn who was presented to us at 1st day of life with diphallia and anorectal malformation. He had true diphallia with two separate uretheral orifices. Both phalluses were uncircumcised, phallus 1 was 2.5 cm in length while phallus 2 was 1.5 cm. Both phalluses had normal shaped glans with uretheral opening located at the normal place He had a single scrotum with two midline raphe and well-formed rouge. He was passing urine from both orifices. His ultrasonography of urological system showed two ureters and a single hemi bladder. He was admitted and operated upon and a sigmoid divided colostomy was constructed. Per-operatively congenital pouch colon (type 4) was identified. His post-operative recovery was uneventful. The patient was discharged on second post-operative day and called for follow up. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Diphallia is a rare congenital anomaly, which means two structurally and anatomically separate phalluses. Complete Duplication in Diphallia presents the kind of Diphallia in which both the phalluses have two corpus cavernosum and only one corpus spongiosum. As diphallia presents with a spectrum of diseases; therefore, it requires a multidisciplinary approach. A case of Diphallia may well present with complex urogenital, gastrointestinal or anorectal malformations. As in our case the patient had Diphallia with anorectal malformation. Hence he was operated upon and a sigmoid colostomy was constructed. CONCLUSION Diphallia is a very rare congenital anomaly which can occur in association with anorectal malformations. Management of such cases should be individualized depending upon the spectrum of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Habib
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Muhammad Abbas
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad Chaudhary
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abbas M, Maceda AM, Xiao Z, Zhou HC, Balkus KJ. Transformation of a copper-based metal-organic polyhedron into a mixed linker MOF for CO 2 capture. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:4415-4422. [PMID: 36916445 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt04162f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
A new mixed linker metal-organic framework (MOF) has been synthesized from a copper-based metal-organic polyhedron (MOP-1) and 2,2'-bipyridine (2,2'-bipy). The CuMOF-Bipy with a formula of [Cu2(2,2'-bpy)2(m-BDC)2]n is comprised of a binuclear Cu(II) node coordinated to 2,2'-bipy, and isophthalic acid (m-BDC), which bridges to neighboring nodes. The crystal structure of CuMOF-Bipy consists of a stacked two-dimensional framework with the sql topology. CuMOF-Bipy was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and CO2 sorption. CuMOF-Bipy was shown to have one-dimensional sinusoidal channels that allow diffusion of CO2 but not N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Amanda M Maceda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Kenneth J Balkus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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Hu FY, Wang Y, Abbas M, Bollens-Lund E, Reich AJ, Lipsitz SR, Gray TF, Kim D, Ritchie C, Kelley AS, Cooper Z. Prevalence of unpaid caregiving, pain, and depression in older seriously ill patients undergoing elective surgery. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023. [PMID: 36914427 PMCID: PMC10363213 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serious illness is a life-limiting condition negatively impacting daily function, quality of life, or excessively straining caregivers. Over 1 million older seriously ill adults undergo major surgery annually, and national guidelines recommend that palliative care be available to all seriously ill patients. However, the palliative care needs of elective surgical patients are incompletely described. Understanding baseline caregiving needs and symptom burden among seriously ill older surgical patients could inform interventions to improve outcomes. METHODS Using Health and Retirement Study data (2008-2018) linked to Medicare claims, we identified patients ≥66 years who met an established serious illness definition from administrative data and underwent major elective surgery using Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) criteria. Descriptive analyses were performed for preoperative patient characteristics, including: unpaid caregiving (no or yes); pain (none/mild or moderate/severe); and depression (no, CES-D < 3, or yes, CES-D ≥ 3). Multivariable regression was performed to examine the association between unpaid caregiving, pain, depression, and in-hospital outcomes, including hospital days (days admitted between discharge date and one-year post-discharge), in-hospital complications (no or yes), and discharge destination (home or non-home). RESULTS Of the 1343 patients, 55.0% were female and 81.6% were non-Hispanic White. Mean age was 78.0 (SD 6.8); 86.9% had ≥2 comorbidities. Before admission, 27.3% of patients received unpaid caregiving. Pre-admission pain and depression were 42.6% and 32.8%, respectively. Baseline depression was significantly associated with non-home discharge (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1, p = 0.003), while baseline pain and unpaid caregiving needs were not associated with in-hospital or post-acute outcomes in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS Prior to elective surgery, older adults with serious illnesses have high unpaid caregiving needs and a prevalence of pain and depression. Baseline depression alone was associated with discharge destinations. These findings highlight opportunities for targeted palliative care interventions throughout the surgical encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Y Hu
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yihan Wang
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evan Bollens-Lund
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amanda J Reich
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stuart R Lipsitz
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tamryn F Gray
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dae Kim
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christine Ritchie
- Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy S Kelley
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zara Cooper
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Sheybani S, Abbas M, Firouzi HR, Xiao Z, Zhou HC, Balkus KJ. Synthesis of Fluoro-Bridged Ho 3+ and Gd 3+ 1,3,5-Tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene Metal-Organic Frameworks from Perfluoroalkyl Substances. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4314-4321. [PMID: 36857778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
A new fluoro-bridged rare-earth (RE) metal-organic framework consisting of 15-connected nonanuclear and 9-connected trinuclear clusters {[RE9-(μ3-F)14(H2O)6][RE3(μ3-F)(H2O)3](HCO2)3-(BTB)6}·(solvent)x 2 (RE = Ho3+ and Gd3+) was synthesized through the transformation of a dimeric complex formulated as bis(2,2'-bipyridine)tetrakis(μ-2-fluorobenzoato-O,O')-bis(2-fluorobenzoato)diRE(III) 1 with the bridging linker 1,3,5-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (H3BTB). The rare-earth metal ions Ho3+ and Gd3+ were also found to remove fluorine from other organo-fluorine compounds such as perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), resulting in the new fluoro-bridged RE-MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Sheybani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
| | - Hamid R Firouzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Kenneth J Balkus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
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Abbas M, Reich AJ, Wang Y, Hu FY, Bollens-Lund E, Kelley AS, Cooper Z. The burden of pre-admission pain, depression, and caregiving on palliative care needs for seriously ill trauma patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023. [PMID: 36805543 PMCID: PMC10363197 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasing numbers of individuals admitted to hospitals for trauma are older adults, many of whom also have underlying serious illnesses. Older adults with serious illness benefit from palliative care, but the palliative care needs of seriously ill older adults with trauma have not been elucidated. We hypothesize that older adults with serious illness have a high prevalence of pain, depression, and unpaid caregiving hours before trauma admission. METHODS Using Health and Retirement Study data (2008-2018) linked to Medicare claims, we identified patients 66 years or older who met an established definition of serious illness in surgery and were admitted with trauma. Descriptive analyses were performed for baseline patient characteristics, pre-admission pain (dichotomized as none/mild vs. moderate/severe), depression (dichotomized as no, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale [CES-D] < 3 vs. yes, CES-D ≥ 3), and unpaid caregiving hours (dichotomized as low (<30 h/month), high (≥30 h/month)). RESULTS We identified 1741 patients, 67.4% were female and 86.8% White. Mean age was 83 (SD 7.5), and 60.3% had ≥4 comorbidities. The majority (62.9%) were admitted due to falls, 33.5% had isolated hip fracture. The prevalence of baseline moderate/severe pain and depression were 38.1% and 42.6%, respectively. Among the cohort, 42.2% had unpaid caregiving, of those 27.7% had ≥30 h/week of unpaid caregiving hours. CONCLUSIONS Prior to trauma admission, older adults with serious illness have a high prevalence of pain, depression, and unpaid caregiving hours. These findings may inform targeted palliative care interventions to reduce symptom burden and post-discharge healthcare utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amanda Jane Reich
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yihan Wang
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Frances Y Hu
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evan Bollens-Lund
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy S Kelley
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zara Cooper
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Lifshitz K, Hendel C, Arlich Y, Anis O, Dotan Z, Verchovesky G, Gnessin H, Moeed R, Nicola M, Abbas M, Kafka I, Sofer M. Trends in surgical treatment for benign hyperplasia of prostate: A multi-center 12-year retrospective study from Israel. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Bashir MA, Khan A, Shah SI, Ullah M, Khuda F, Abbas M, Goh KW, Ming LC. Development and Evaluation of Self-Emulsifying Drug-Delivery System-Based Tablets for Simvastatin, a BCS Class II Drug. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:261-272. [PMID: 36726738 PMCID: PMC9885879 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s377686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Self-emulsifying drug-delivery systems (SEDDSs) are designed to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This study aimed at formulating and characterization of SEDDS-based tablets for simvastatin using castor and olive oils as solvents and Tween 60 as surfactant. Methods The liquids were adsorbed on microcrystalline cellulose, and all developed formulations were compressed using 10.5 mm shallow concave round punches. Results The resulting tablets were evaluated for different quality-control parameters at pre- and postcompression levels. Simvastatin showed better solubility in a mixture of oils and Tween 60 (10:1). All the developed formulations showed lower self-emulsification time (˂200 seconds) and higher cloud point (˃60°C). They were free of physical defects and had drug content within the acceptable range (98.5%-101%). The crushing strength of all formulations was in the range of 58-96 N, and the results of the friability test were within the range of USP (≤1). Disintegration time was within the official limits (NMT 15 min), and complete drug release was achieved within 30 min. Conclusion Using commonly available excipients and machinery, SEDDS-based tablets with better dissolution profile and bioavailability can be prepared by direct compression. These S-SEDDSs could be a better alternative to conventional tablets of simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | | | - Majeed Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Khuda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia,Correspondence: Khang Wen Goh; Long Chiau Ming, Email ;
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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Bouakaz H, Abbas M, Benallal S, Brahimi R, Trari M. Semiconducting and Electrochemical Properties of the Spinel FeCo2O4 Synthetized by Co-precipitation. Application to H2 production Under Visible Light. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Elmi GR, Anum K, Saleem K, Fareed R, Noreen S, Wei H, Chen Y, Chakraborty A, Rehman MU, Liyuan S, Abbas M, Duan Y. Evaluation of clinical trials of ethnomedicine used for the treatment of diabetes: A systematic review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1176618. [PMID: 37089934 PMCID: PMC10119392 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1176618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread metabolic disorder with a yearly 6.7 million deaths worldwide. Several treatment options are available but with common side effects like weight gain, cardiovascular diseases, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Therefore, ethnomedicine is gaining the interest of researchers in the treatment of DM. Ethnomedicine works by preventing intestinal absorption and hepatic production of glucose as well as enhancing glucose uptake in muscles and fatty tissues and increasing insulin secretion. A variety of plants have entered clinical trials but very few have gained approval for use. This current study provides an evaluation of such clinical trials. For this purpose, an extensive literature review was performed from a database using keywords like "ethnomedicine diabetes clinical trial", "clinical trials", "clinical trial in diabetes", "diabetes", "natural products in diabetes", "ethno-pharmacological relevance of natural products in diabetes", etc. Clinical trials of 20 plants and natural products were evaluated based on eligibility criteria. Major limitations associated with these clinical trials were a lack of patient compliance, dose-response relationship, and an evaluation of biomarkers with a small sample size and treatment duration. Measures in terms of strict regulations can be considered to achieve quality clinical trials. A specific goal of this systematic review is to discuss DM treatment through ethnomedicine based on recent clinical trials of the past 7 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Rehman Elmi
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children’s Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, IQRA University Islamabad Campus (Chak Shahzad), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kamil Anum
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kalsoom Saleem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rameesha Fareed
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Noreen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children’s Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children’s Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Avirup Chakraborty
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Masood Ur Rehman
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Masood Ur Rehman, Shi Liyuan, ; Muhammad Abbas, ; Yongtao Duan,
| | - Shi Liyuan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Masood Ur Rehman, Shi Liyuan, ; Muhammad Abbas, ; Yongtao Duan,
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Masood Ur Rehman, Shi Liyuan, ; Muhammad Abbas, ; Yongtao Duan,
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children’s Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Masood Ur Rehman, Shi Liyuan, ; Muhammad Abbas, ; Yongtao Duan,
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Hussain M, Malik QU, Khan QUZ, Mumtaz S, Abbas M, Bashir J. Frequency of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among Hospitalized Children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. PAFMJ 2022. [DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v72i6.5177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) and associated risk factors.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul 2019 to Aug 2020.
Methodology: After approval from the Ethical Review Board, 126 children were included in the study. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children. The direct immunofluorescence method was utilized to detect intracellular viral antigens of the respiratory syncytial virus. In addition, the presence of symptoms and history for identification of the presence or absence of risk factors was recorded.
Results: 57(45.2%) patients were found to be respiratory syncytial virus positive, and 69(54.8%) were respiratory syncytial virus negative. Significant differences were found in symptoms between RSV-positive and negative children (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Respiratory syncytial virus was among the leading causes of children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infections, with fever and recurrent wheezing as the most common symptoms.
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Zhang W, Han Q, Ding Y, Zhou H, Chen Z, Wang J, Xiang J, Song Z, Abbas M, Shi L. Bcl6 drives stem-like memory macrophages differentiation to foster tumor progression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 80:14. [PMID: 36542153 PMCID: PMC9771855 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04660-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer development is a long-lasting process during which macrophages play a pivotal role. However, how macrophages maintain their cellular identity, persistence, expanding and pro-tumor property during malignant progression remains elusive. Inspired by the recent report of the activation of stem cell-like self-renewal mechanism in mature macrophages, we postulate that intra-tumoral macrophages might be trained to assume stem-like properties and memory-like activity favoring cancer development. Herein we demonstrated that tumor infiltrating macrophages rapidly converted into the CD11b+F4/80+Ly6C-Bcl6+ phenotype, and adopted stem cell-like properties involving expression of stemness-related genes, long-term persistence and self-renewing. Importantly, Bcl6+ macrophages stably maintained cell identity, gene signature, metabolic profile, and pro-tumor property even after long-term culture in tumor-free medium, which were hence termed stem cell-like memory macrophages (SMMs). Mechanistically, we showed that transcriptional factor Bcl6 co-opted the demethylase Tet2 and the deacetylase SIRT1 to confer the epigenetic imprinting and mitochondrial metabolic traits to SMMs, bolstering the stability and longevity of trained immunity in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Furthermore, tumor-derived redHMGB1 was identified as the priming signal, which, through TLR4 and mTOR/AKT pathway, induced Bcl6-driven program underpinning SMMs generation. Collectively, our study uncovers a distinct macrophage population with a hybrid of stem cell and memory cell properties, and unveils a regulatory mechanism that integrates transcriptional, epigenetic and metabolic pathways to promote long-lasting pro-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Han
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yina Ding
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huihui Zhou
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiaxin Xiang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengbo Song
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Liyun Shi
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
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