1
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Dong S, Zhao Z, Tang H, Li G, Pan J, Gu X, Jiang J, Xiao L, Scapin G, Hunter DN, Yang D, Huang Y, Bennett F, Yang SW, Mandal M, Tang H, Su J, Tudge C, deJesus RK, Ding FX, Lombardo M, Hicks JD, Fischmann T, Mirza A, Dayananth P, Painter RE, Villafania A, Garlisi CG, Zhang R, Mayhood TW, Si Q, Li N, Amin RP, Bhatt B, Chen F, Regan CP, Regan H, Lin X, Wu J, Leithead A, Pollack SR, Scott JD, Nargund RP, Therien AG, Black T, Young K, Pasternak A. Structure Guided Discovery of Novel Pan Metallo-β-Lactamase Inhibitors with Improved Gram-Negative Bacterial Cell Penetration. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3400-3418. [PMID: 38387069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The use of β-lactam (BL) and β-lactamase inhibitor combination to overcome BL antibiotic resistance has been validated through clinically approved drug products. However, unmet medical needs still exist for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative (GN) bacteria expressing metallo-β-lactamases. Previously, we reported our effort to discover pan inhibitors of three main families in this class: IMP, VIM, and NDM. Herein, we describe our work to improve the GN coverage spectrum in combination with imipenem and relebactam. This was achieved through structure- and property-based optimization to tackle the GN cell penetration and efflux challenges. A significant discovery was made that inhibition of both VIM alleles, VIM-1 and VIM-2, is essential for broad GN coverage, especially against VIM-producing P. aeruginosa. In addition, pharmacokinetics and nonclinical safety profiles were investigated for select compounds. Key findings from this drug discovery campaign laid the foundation for further lead optimization toward identification of preclinical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhi Dong
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Haiqun Tang
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Guoqing Li
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jianping Pan
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Xin Gu
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jinlong Jiang
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Li Xiao
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Giovanna Scapin
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - David N Hunter
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Dexi Yang
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Frank Bennett
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Shu-Wei Yang
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mihirbaran Mandal
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jing Su
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Clare Tudge
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | | | - Fa-Xiang Ding
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Matthew Lombardo
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jacqueline D Hicks
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Thierry Fischmann
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Asra Mirza
- Antibacterial/Antifungal, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Priya Dayananth
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Ronald E Painter
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Artjohn Villafania
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Charles G Garlisi
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Rumin Zhang
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Todd W Mayhood
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Qian Si
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Nianyu Li
- Nonclinical Drug Safety, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Rupesh P Amin
- Nonclinical Drug Safety, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Bhavana Bhatt
- Nonclinical Drug Safety, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Feifei Chen
- Nonclinical Drug Safety, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Christopher P Regan
- Nonclinical Drug Safety, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Hillary Regan
- Nonclinical Drug Safety, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Xinjie Lin
- Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jin Wu
- Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Andrew Leithead
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Scott R Pollack
- Discovery Process Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jack D Scott
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ravi P Nargund
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Alex G Therien
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Todd Black
- Antibacterial/Antifungal, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Katherine Young
- Antibacterial/Antifungal, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Alexander Pasternak
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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2
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Huang C, Palani A, Yang Z, Deng Q, Reddy V, Nargund RP, Lin S, Altezza S, Bianchi E, Orvieto F, Carrington P. Discovery of Insulin/GLP-1/Glucagon Triagonists for the Treatment of Diabetes and Obesity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1255-1261. [PMID: 35978702 PMCID: PMC9377023 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of insulin and incretin-based therapies has emerged as a potential promising tactic for the treatment of diabetes. Here we report the first example of a unimolecular triagonist to simultaneously target insulin, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors, aiming for better glycemic control and superior weight loss. The strategy for constructing such a unimolecular triagonist is the conjugation of the insulin moiety and GLP-1R/GCGR coagonist peptide via alkyne-azide click chemistry. Two tractable series differentiated by insulin conjugation sites, B1F and B29K, were identified. Triagonist 13 prepared through the conjugation at insulin B1F and position 24 of GLP-1R/GCGR coagonist exhibited insulin activity comparable to that of insulin degludec and potent and balanced GLP-1R and GCGR activities. Pharmacokinetic profiles of 13 in both rat and minipig were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Huang
- Merck
& Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Anandan Palani
- Merck
& Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- Merck
& Co., Inc., 2015
Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Qiaolin Deng
- Merck
& Co., Inc., 2015
Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Vijay Reddy
- Merck
& Co., Inc., 2015
Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Merck
& Co., Inc., 2015
Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Songnian Lin
- Merck
& Co., Inc., 2015
Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Simona Altezza
- Peptide
Chemistry Unit, Peptides and Small Molecules R&D, IRBM S.p.A., Via Pontina km 30600, 00071 Pomezia (RM), Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bianchi
- Peptide
Chemistry Unit, Peptides and Small Molecules R&D, IRBM S.p.A., Via Pontina km 30600, 00071 Pomezia (RM), Italy
| | - Federica Orvieto
- Peptide
Chemistry Unit, Peptides and Small Molecules R&D, IRBM S.p.A., Via Pontina km 30600, 00071 Pomezia (RM), Italy
| | - Paul Carrington
- Merck
& Co., Inc., 2015
Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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3
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Pissarnitski DA, Kekec A, Yan L, Zhu Y, Feng DD, Huo P, Madsen-Duggan C, Moyes CR, Nargund RP, Kelly T, Zhang X, Carballo-Jane E, Gorski J, Zafian P, Qatanani M, Kaarsholm N, Meng F, Jia X, Lee KJ, Wang W, Xu S, Hohn MJ, Iammarino MJ, McCoy MA, Okoh GA, Liang Y, Hollingsworth SA, Erion MD, Kelley DE, Garbaccio RM, Zhang A, Mu J, Lin S. Discovery of Insulin Receptor Partial Agonists MK-5160 and MK-1092 as Novel Basal Insulins with Potential to Improve Therapeutic Index. J Med Chem 2022; 65:5593-5605. [PMID: 35298158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a series of novel insulin receptor partial agonists (IRPAs) with a potential to mitigate the risk of hypoglycemia associated with the use of insulin as an antidiabetic treatment. These molecules were designed as dimers of native insulin connected via chemical linkers of variable lengths with optional capping groups at the N-terminals of insulin chains. Depending on the structure, the maximal activation level (%Max) varied in the range of ∼20-70% of native insulin, and EC50 values remained in sub-nM range. Studies in minipig and dog demonstrated that IRPAs had sufficient efficacy to normalize plasma glucose levels in diabetes, while providing reduction of hypoglycemia risk. IRPAs had a prolonged duration of action, potentially making them suitable for once-daily dosing. Two lead compounds with %Max values of 30 and 40% relative to native insulin were selected for follow up studies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmet Kekec
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Lin Yan
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yuping Zhu
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Danqing D Feng
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Pei Huo
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | | | - Ravi P Nargund
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Terri Kelly
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Judith Gorski
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Peter Zafian
- Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Mo Qatanani
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Niels Kaarsholm
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Fanyu Meng
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Xiujuan Jia
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Keun-Joong Lee
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Weixun Wang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Sherrie Xu
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Michael J Hohn
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Mark A McCoy
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Grace A Okoh
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yingkai Liang
- Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | | | - Mark D Erion
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - David E Kelley
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Amy Zhang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - James Mu
- Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Songnian Lin
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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4
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Liu H, Dai X, He S, Brockunier L, Marcantonio K, Ludmerer SW, Li F, Feng KI, Nargund RP, Palani A. Design and evaluation of novel tetracyclic benzofurans as palm site allosteric inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 29:126104. [PMID: 30389294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase is a prime target for the development of direct-acting antiviral drugs for the treatment of chronic HCV infection. Several novel and potent HCV NS5B non-nucleoside inhibitors with unique tetracyclic bezonfuran-based structures were prepared and evaluated. Similar to clinical developmental compound MK-8876, N-linked (compounds 1 and 2) and C-linked (compounds 3 and 4) tetracyclic structures maintained broad spectrum anti-replicon potency profiles and demonstrated moderate to excellent oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters across the three preclinical animal species. To better understand the importance of tetracyclic structures related to pan genotypic potency profiles especially against clinically relevant GT1a variants, the teracycles with different ring size were prepared and in vitro evaluations suggested compounds with six number ring have better overall potency profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States.
| | - Xing Dai
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
| | - Shuwen He
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
| | - Linda Brockunier
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
| | - Karen Marcantonio
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
| | - Steven W Ludmerer
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
| | - Fangbiao Li
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
| | - Kung-I Feng
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
| | - Ravi P Nargund
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
| | - Anandan Palani
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States
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5
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Kaarsholm NC, Lin S, Yan L, Kelly T, van Heek M, Mu J, Wu M, Dai G, Cui Y, Zhu Y, Carballo-Jane E, Reddy V, Zafian P, Huo P, Shi S, Antochshuk V, Ogawa A, Liu F, Souza SC, Seghezzi W, Duffy JL, Erion M, Nargund RP, Kelley DE. Erratum. Engineering Glucose Responsiveness Into Insulin. Diabetes 2018;67:299-308. Diabetes 2018; 67:1030. [PMID: 29487114 PMCID: PMC5909992 DOI: 10.2337/db18-er05a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Kaarsholm NC, Lin S, Yan L, Kelly T, van Heek M, Mu J, Wu M, Dai G, Cui Y, Zhu Y, Carballo-Jane E, Reddy V, Zafian P, Huo P, Shi S, Antochshuk V, Ogawa A, Liu F, Souza SC, Seghezzi W, Duffy JL, Erion M, Nargund RP, Kelley DE. Engineering Glucose Responsiveness Into Insulin. Diabetes 2018; 67:299-308. [PMID: 29097375 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin has a narrow therapeutic index, reflected in a small margin between a dose that achieves good glycemic control and one that causes hypoglycemia. Once injected, the clearance of exogenous insulin is invariant regardless of blood glucose, aggravating the potential to cause hypoglycemia. We sought to create a "smart" insulin, one that can alter insulin clearance and hence insulin action in response to blood glucose, mitigating risk for hypoglycemia. The approach added saccharide units to insulin to create insulin analogs with affinity for both the insulin receptor (IR) and mannose receptor C-type 1 (MR), which functions to clear endogenous mannosylated proteins, a principle used to endow insulin analogs with glucose responsivity. Iteration of these efforts culminated in the discovery of MK-2640, and its in vitro and in vivo preclinical properties are detailed in this report. In glucose clamp experiments conducted in healthy dogs, as plasma glucose was lowered stepwise from 280 mg/dL to 80 mg/dL, progressively more MK-2640 was cleared via MR, reducing by ∼30% its availability for binding to the IR. In dose escalations studies in diabetic minipigs, a higher therapeutic index for MK-2640 (threefold) was observed versus regular insulin (1.3-fold).
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Inbred Strains
- Binding, Competitive
- CHO Cells
- Cricetulus
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Dogs
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Design
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Half-Life
- Humans
- Hyperglycemia/prevention & control
- Hypoglycemia/chemically induced
- Hypoglycemia/prevention & control
- Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage
- Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Insulin, Regular, Human/adverse effects
- Insulin, Regular, Human/analogs & derivatives
- Insulin, Regular, Human/pharmacokinetics
- Insulin, Regular, Human/therapeutic use
- Lectins, C-Type/agonists
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Ligands
- Male
- Mannose Receptor
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/agonists
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/genetics
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/metabolism
- Metabolic Clearance Rate
- Receptor, Insulin/agonists
- Receptor, Insulin/genetics
- Receptor, Insulin/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/agonists
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacokinetics
- Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
- Swine
- Swine, Miniature
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Songnian Lin
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Lin Yan
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Theresa Kelly
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | | | - James Mu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Margaret Wu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Ge Dai
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Yan Cui
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Yonghua Zhu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | | | - Vijay Reddy
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Peter Zafian
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Pei Huo
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Shuai Shi
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | | | - Aimie Ogawa
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Franklin Liu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Sandra C Souza
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | | | - Joseph L Duffy
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Mark Erion
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - Ravi P Nargund
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
| | - David E Kelley
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ
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7
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Yang R, Wu M, Lin S, Nargund RP, Li X, Kelly T, Yan L, Dai G, Qian Y, Dallas-Yang Q, Fischer PA, Cui Y, Shen X, Huo P, Feng DD, Erion MD, Kelley DE, Mu J. A glucose-responsive insulin therapy protects animals against hypoglycemia. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97476. [PMID: 29321379 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoglycemia is commonly associated with insulin therapy, limiting both its safety and efficacy. The concept of modifying insulin to render its glucose-responsive release from an injection depot (of an insulin complexed exogenously with a recombinant lectin) was proposed approximately 4 decades ago but has been challenging to achieve. Data presented here demonstrate that mannosylated insulin analogs can undergo an additional route of clearance as result of their interaction with endogenous mannose receptor (MR), and this can occur in a glucose-dependent fashion, with increased binding to MR at low glucose. Yet, these analogs retain capacity for binding to the insulin receptor (IR). When the blood glucose level is elevated, as in individuals with diabetes mellitus, MR binding diminishes due to glucose competition, leading to reduced MR-mediated clearance and increased partitioning for IR binding and consequent glucose lowering. These studies demonstrate that a glucose-dependent locus of insulin clearance and, hence, insulin action can be achieved by targeting MR and IR concurrently.
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8
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Zhu C, Wang L, Zhu Y, Guo ZZ, Liu P, Hu Z, Szewczyk JW, Kang L, Chicchi G, Ehrhardt A, Woods A, Seo T, Woods M, van Heek M, Dingley KH, Pang J, Salituro GM, Powell J, Terebetski JL, Hornak V, Campeau LC, Orr RK, Ujjainwalla F, Miller M, Stamford A, Wood HB, Kowalski T, Nargund RP, Edmondson SD. Discovery of phenyl acetamides as potent and selective GPR119 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1124-1128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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9
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Huang C, Wille CB, He H, Reddy VBG, Nargund RP, Lin S, Palani A. Late-stage lipidation of fully elaborated tryptophan-containing peptides for improved pharmacokinetics. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Guo L, Parker DL, Zang Y, Sweis RF, Liu W, Sherer EC, Buist N, Terebetski J, Kelly T, Bugianesi R, Priest BT, Dingley KH, Li X, Mitelman S, Salituro G, Trujillo ME, Pachanski M, Kirkland M, Powles MA, Eiermann GJ, Feng Y, Shang J, Howard AD, Ujjainwalla F, Sinz CJ, Debenham JS, Edmondson SD, Nargund RP, Hagmann WK, Li D. Discovery and Optimization of a Novel Triazole Series of GPR142 Agonists for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:1107-1111. [PMID: 27994747 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR142 has been identified as a potential glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A class of triazole GPR142 agonists was discovered through a high throughput screen. The lead compound 4 suffered from poor metabolic stability and poor solubility. Lead optimization strategies to improve potency, efficacy, metabolic stability, and solubility are described. This optimization led to compound 20e, which showed significant reduction of glucose excursion in wild-type but not in GPR142 deficient mice in an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) study. These studies provide strong evidence that reduction of glucose excursion through treatment with 20e is GPR142-mediated, and GPR142 agonists could be used as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqin Guo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Dann L. Parker
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yi Zang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ramzi F. Sweis
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Edward C. Sherer
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Nicole Buist
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jenna Terebetski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Terri Kelly
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Randal Bugianesi
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Birgit T. Priest
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Karen H. Dingley
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Stan Mitelman
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Gino Salituro
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Maria E. Trujillo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Michele Pachanski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Melissa Kirkland
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mary Ann Powles
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - George J. Eiermann
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yue Feng
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jin Shang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Andrew D. Howard
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Feroze Ujjainwalla
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Christopher J. Sinz
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - John S. Debenham
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Scott D. Edmondson
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - William K. Hagmann
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Derun Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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11
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Lai Z, He S, Sherer EC, Wu Z, Yu Y, Ball R, Hong Q, Yang DX, Guo L, Li D, Tuang Q, Chicchi GG, Trusca D, Tsao KL, Zhou YP, Howard AD, Nargund RP, Hagmann WK. Discovery of substituted (4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine as potent somatostatin receptor 3 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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12
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Liu P, Hu Z, DuBois BG, Moyes CR, Hunter DN, Zhu C, Kar NF, Zhu Y, Garfunkle J, Kang L, Chicchi G, Ehrhardt A, Woods A, Seo T, Woods M, van Heek M, Dingley KH, Pang J, Salituro GM, Powell J, Terebetski JL, Hornak V, Campeau LC, Lamberson J, Ujjainwalla F, Miller M, Stamford A, Wood HB, Kowalski T, Nargund RP, Edmondson SD. Design of Potent and Orally Active GPR119 Agonists for the Treatment of Type II Diabetes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:936-41. [PMID: 26288697 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We report herein the design and synthesis of a series of potent and selective GPR119 agonists. Our objective was to develop a GPR119 agonist with properties that were suitable for fixed-dose combination with a DPP4 inhibitor. Starting from a phenoxy analogue (1), medicinal chemistry efforts directed toward reducing half-life and increasing solubility led to the synthesis of a series of benzyloxy analogues. Compound 28 was chosen for further profiling because of its favorable physicochemical properties and excellent GPR119 potency across species. This compound exhibited a clean off-target profile in counterscreens and good in vivo efficacy in mouse oGTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Byron G. DuBois
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Christopher R. Moyes
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - David N. Hunter
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Nam Fung Kar
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yuping Zhu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Joie Garfunkle
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ling Kang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Gary Chicchi
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Anka Ehrhardt
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Andrea Woods
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Toru Seo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Morgan Woods
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Margaret van Heek
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Karen H. Dingley
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jianmei Pang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Gino M. Salituro
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Joyce Powell
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jenna L. Terebetski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Viktor Hornak
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Louis-Charles Campeau
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Joe Lamberson
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Fez Ujjainwalla
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Michael Miller
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Andrew Stamford
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Harold B. Wood
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Timothy Kowalski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Scott D. Edmondson
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Diabetes Biology, §Pharmacology, ∥Pharmacokinetics,
Pharmacodynamics
and Drug Metabolism, ⊥Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, #Chemical Modeling and Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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13
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Shah SK, He S, Guo L, Truong Q, Qi H, Du W, Lai Z, Liu J, Jian T, Hong Q, Dobbelaar P, Ye Z, Sherer E, Feng Z, Yu Y, Wong F, Samuel K, Madiera M, Karanam BV, Reddy VB, Mitelman S, Tong SX, Chicchi GG, Tsao KL, Trusca D, Feng Y, Wu M, Shao Q, Trujillo ME, Eiermann GJ, Li C, Pachanski M, Fernandez G, Nelson D, Bunting P, Morissette P, Volksdorf S, Kerr J, Zhang BB, Howard AD, Zhou YP, Pasternak A, Nargund RP, Hagmann WK. Discovery of MK-1421, a Potent, Selective sstr3 Antagonist, as a Development Candidate for Type 2 Diabetes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:513-7. [PMID: 26005524 PMCID: PMC4434471 DOI: 10.1021/ml500514w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
The imidazolyl-tetrahydro-β-carboline
class of sstr3 antagonists
have demonstrated efficacy in a murine model of glucose excursion
and may have potential as a treatment for type 2 diabetes. The first
candidate in this class caused unacceptable QTc interval prolongation
in oral, telemetrized cardiovascular (CV) dogs. Herein, we describe
our efforts to identify an acceptable candidate without CV effects.
These efforts resulted in the identification of (1R,3R)-3-(4-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-(1-ethyl-pyrazol-4-yl)-1-(3-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3H-2-one-5-yl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-β-carboline
(17e, MK-1421).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guillermo Fernandez
- Department
of Safety Assessment, Merck Research Laboratories, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Donald Nelson
- Department
of Safety Assessment, Merck Research Laboratories, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Patricia Bunting
- Department
of Safety Assessment, Merck Research Laboratories, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Pierre Morissette
- Department
of Safety Assessment, Merck Research Laboratories, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Sylvia Volksdorf
- Department
of Safety Assessment, Merck Research Laboratories, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Janet Kerr
- Department
of Safety Assessment, Merck Research Laboratories, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
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14
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He S, Hong Q, Lai Z, Yang DX, Ting PC, Kuethe JT, Cernak TA, Dykstra KD, Sperbeck DM, Wu Z, Yu Y, Yang GX, Jian T, Liu J, Guiadeen D, Krikorian AD, Sonatore LM, Wiltsie J, Liu J, Gorski JN, Chung CC, Gibson JT, Lisnock J, Xiao J, Wolff M, Tong SX, Madeira M, Karanam BV, Shen DM, Balkovec JM, Pinto S, Nargund RP, DeVita RJ. Discovery of a Potent and Selective DGAT1 Inhibitor with a Piperidinyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Moiety. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1082-7. [PMID: 25349648 DOI: 10.1021/ml5003426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the discovery of a novel series of DGAT1 inhibitors in the benzimidazole class with a piperdinyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid moiety. This novel series possesses significantly improved selectivity against the A2A receptor, no ACAT1 off-target activity at 10 μM, and higher aqueous solubility and free fraction in plasma as compared to the previously reported pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid series. In particular, 5B was shown to possess an excellent selectivity profile by screening it against a panel of more than 100 biological targets. Compound 5B significantly reduces lipid excursion in LTT in mouse and rat, demonstrates DGAT1 mediated reduction of food intake and body weight in mice, is negative in a 3-strain Ames test, and appears to distribute preferentially in the liver and the intestine in mice. We believe this lead series possesses significant potential to identify optimized compounds for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen He
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Qingmei Hong
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhong Lai
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - David X. Yang
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Pauline C. Ting
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Kuethe
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Timothy A. Cernak
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Kevin D. Dykstra
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Donald M. Sperbeck
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhicai Wu
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yang Yu
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ginger X. Yang
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Tianying Jian
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Deodial Guiadeen
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Arto D. Krikorian
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Lisa M. Sonatore
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Judyann Wiltsie
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jinqi Liu
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Judith N. Gorski
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Christine C. Chung
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jack T. Gibson
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - JeanMarie Lisnock
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jianying Xiao
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Michael Wolff
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Sharon X. Tong
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Maria Madeira
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Bindhu V. Karanam
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Dong-Ming Shen
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - James M. Balkovec
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Shirly Pinto
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Robert J. DeVita
- Early Development and Discovery
Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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15
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He S, Lai Z, Ye Z, Dobbelaar P, Shah SK, Truong Q, Du W, Guo L, Liu J, Jian T, Qi H, Bakshi R, Hong Q, Dellureficio J, Reibarkh M, Samuel K, Reddy V, Mitelman S, Tong SX, Chicchi GG, Tsao KL, Trusca D, Wu M, Shao Q, Trujillo M, Fernandez G, Nelson D, Bunting P, Kerr J, Fitzgerald P, Morissette P, Volksdorf S, Eiermann GJ, Li C, Zhang B, Howard A, Zhou YP, Nargund RP, Hagmann WK. Investigation of Cardiovascular Effects of Tetrahydro-β-carboline sstr3 antagonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:748-53. [PMID: 25050159 PMCID: PMC4094257 DOI: 10.1021/ml500028c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antagonism of somatostatin subtype receptor 3 (sstr3) has emerged as a potential treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Unfortunately, the development of our first preclinical candidate, MK-4256, was discontinued due to a dose-dependent QTc (QT interval corrected for heart rate) prolongation observed in a conscious cardiovascular (CV) dog model. As the fate of the entire program rested on resolving this issue, it was imperative to determine whether the observed QTc prolongation was associated with hERG channel (the protein encoded by the human Ether-à-go-go-Related Gene) binding or was mechanism-based as a result of antagonizing sstr3. We investigated a structural series containing carboxylic acids to reduce the putative hERG off-target activity. A key tool compound, 3A, was identified from this SAR effort. As a potent sstr3 antagonist, 3A was shown to reduce glucose excursion in a mouse oGTT assay. Consistent with its minimal hERG activity from in vitro assays, 3A elicited little to no effect in an anesthetized, vagus-intact CV dog model at high plasma drug levels. These results afforded the critical conclusion that sstr3 antagonism is not responsible for the QTc effects and therefore cleared a path for the program to progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen He
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhong Lai
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhixiong Ye
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Peter
H. Dobbelaar
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Shrenik K. Shah
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Quang Truong
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Wu Du
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Liangqin Guo
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Tianying Jian
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Raman
K. Bakshi
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Qingmei Hong
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - James Dellureficio
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Mikhail Reibarkh
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Koppara Samuel
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Vijay
B. Reddy
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Stan Mitelman
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Sharon X. Tong
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Gary G. Chicchi
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Kwei-Lan Tsao
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Dorina Trusca
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Margaret Wu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Qing Shao
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Maria
E. Trujillo
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Guillermo Fernandez
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Donald Nelson
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Patricia Bunting
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Janet Kerr
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Patrick Fitzgerald
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Pierre Morissette
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Sylvia Volksdorf
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - George J. Eiermann
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Cai Li
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Bei Zhang
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Andrew
D. Howard
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yun-Ping Zhou
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - William K. Hagmann
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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16
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Chobanian HR, Guo Y, Liu P, Chioda MD, Fung S, Lanza TJ, Chang L, Bakshi RK, Dellureficio JP, Hong Q, McLaughlin M, Belyk KM, Krska SW, Makarewicz AK, Martel EJ, Leone JF, Frey L, Karanam B, Madeira M, Alvaro R, Shuman J, Salituro G, Terebetski JL, Jochnowitz N, Mistry S, McGowan E, Hajdu R, Rosenbach M, Abbadie C, Alexander JP, Shiao LL, Sullivan KM, Nargund RP, Wyvratt MJ, Lin LS, DeVita RJ. Discovery of MK-4409, a Novel Oxazole FAAH Inhibitor for the Treatment of Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:717-21. [PMID: 24944750 DOI: 10.1021/ml5001239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein the identification of MK-4409, a potent and selective fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor. Starting from a high throughput screening (HTS) hit, medicinal chemistry efforts focused on optimizing of FAAH inhibition in vitro potency, improving the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, and increasing in vivo efficacy in rodent inflammatory and neuropathic pain assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry R. Chobanian
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yan Guo
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ping Liu
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Marc D. Chioda
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Selena Fung
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Thomas J. Lanza
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Linda Chang
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Raman K. Bakshi
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - James P. Dellureficio
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Qingmei Hong
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Mark McLaughlin
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Kevin M. Belyk
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Shane W. Krska
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Amanda K. Makarewicz
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Elliot J. Martel
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Joseph F. Leone
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Lisa Frey
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Bindhu Karanam
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Maria Madeira
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Raul Alvaro
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Joyce Shuman
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Gino Salituro
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jenna L. Terebetski
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Nina Jochnowitz
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Shruti Mistry
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Erin McGowan
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Richard Hajdu
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Mark Rosenbach
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Catherine Abbadie
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jessica P. Alexander
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Lin-Lin Shiao
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Kathleen M. Sullivan
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Matthew J. Wyvratt
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Linus S. Lin
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Robert J. DeVita
- Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, ‡Process Chemistry, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, ∥Preclinical Development, ⊥Pharmacology, and ○Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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17
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Li D, Wu Z, Yu Y, Ball RG, Guo L, Sherer E, He S, Hong Q, Lai Z, Qi H, Truong Q, Yang DX, Chicchi GG, Tsao KL, Trusca D, Trujillo M, Pachanski M, Eiermann GJ, Howard AD, Zhou YP, Zhang BB, Nargund RP, Hagmann WK. Diamine Derivatives as Novel Small-Molecule, Potent, and Subtype-Selective Somatostatin SST3 Receptor Agonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:690-5. [PMID: 24944745 DOI: 10.1021/ml500079u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel class of small-molecule, highly potent, and subtype-selective somatostatin SST3 agonists was discovered through modification of a SST3 antagonist. As an example, (1R,2S)-9 demonstrated not only potent in vitro SST3 agonist activity but also in vivo SST3 agonist activity in a mouse oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). These agonists may be useful reagents for studying the physiological roles of the SST3 receptor and may potentially be useful as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derun Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhicai Wu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yang Yu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Richard G. Ball
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Liangqin Guo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Edward Sherer
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Shuwen He
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Qingmei Hong
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhong Lai
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Quang Truong
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - David X. Yang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Gary G. Chicchi
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Kwei-Lan Tsao
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Dorina Trusca
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Maria Trujillo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Michele Pachanski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - George J. Eiermann
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Andrew D. Howard
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yun-Ping Zhou
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Bei B. Zhang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - William K. Hagmann
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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18
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He S, Hong Q, Lai Z, Wu Z, Yu Y, Kim DW, Ting PC, Kuethe JT, Yang GX, Jian T, Liu J, Guiadeen D, Krikorian AD, Sperbeck DM, Sonatore LM, Wiltsie J, Chung CC, Gibson JT, Lisnock J, Murphy BA, Gorski JN, Liu J, Chen D, Chen X, Wolff M, Tong SX, Madeira M, Karanam BV, Shen DM, Balkovec JM, Pinto S, Nargund RP, DeVita RJ. Potent DGAT1 Inhibitors in the Benzimidazole Class with a Pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Moiety. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:773-8. [PMID: 24900745 DOI: 10.1021/ml400168h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the design and synthesis of a series of novel DGAT1 inhibitors in the benzimidazole class with a pyridyl-oxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid moiety. In particular, compound 11A is a potent DGAT1 inhibitor with excellent selectivity against ACAT1. Compound 11A significantly reduces triglyceride excursion in lipid tolerance tests (LTT) in both mice and dogs at low plasma exposure. An in vivo study in mice with des-fluoro analogue 10A indicates that this series of compounds appears to distribute in intestine preferentially over plasma. The propensity to target intestine over plasma could be advantageous in reducing potential side effects since lower circulating levels of drug are required for efficacy. However, in the preclinical species, compound 11A undergoes cis/trans epimerization in vivo, which could complicate further development due to the presence of an active metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen He
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Qingmei Hong
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhong Lai
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhicai Wu
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yang Yu
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - David W. Kim
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Pauline C. Ting
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Kuethe
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ginger X. Yang
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Tianying Jian
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Deodial Guiadeen
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Arto D. Krikorian
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Donald M. Sperbeck
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Lisa M. Sonatore
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Judyann Wiltsie
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Christine C. Chung
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jack T. Gibson
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - JeanMarie Lisnock
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Beth A. Murphy
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Judith N. Gorski
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jinqi Liu
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Dunlu Chen
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Michael Wolff
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Sharon X. Tong
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Maria Madeira
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Bindhu V. Karanam
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Dong-Ming Shen
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - James M. Balkovec
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Shirly Pinto
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Robert J. DeVita
- Discovery and Preclinical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth,
New Jersey 07033, United States
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19
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He S, Li P, Dai X, McComas CC, Huang H, Zhan C, Chang L, Liu Y, Chen S, Lai Z, Liu H, Yin J, Dang Q, Xiao D, Zorn N, Peng X, Nargund RP, Palani A. A general approach to substituted 6H-pyrido[2′,3′:5,6] [1,3]oxazino[3,4-a]indole via cyclization from an indoline precursor followed by re-aromatization. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Liu P, Hamill TG, Chioda M, Chobanian H, Fung S, Guo Y, Chang L, Bakshi R, Hong Q, Dellureficio J, Lin LS, Abbadie C, Alexander J, Jin H, Mandala S, Shiao LL, Li W, Sanabria S, Williams D, Zeng Z, Hajdu R, Jochnowitz N, Rosenbach M, Karanam B, Madeira M, Salituro G, Powell J, Xu L, Terebetski JL, Leone JF, Miller P, Cook J, Holahan M, Joshi A, O’Malley S, Purcell M, Posavec D, Chen TB, Riffel K, Williams M, Hargreaves R, Sullivan KA, Nargund RP, DeVita RJ. Discovery of MK-3168: A PET Tracer for Imaging Brain Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:509-13. [PMID: 24900701 DOI: 10.1021/ml4000996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein the discovery of a fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) positron emission tomography (PET) tracer. Starting from a pyrazole lead, medicinal chemistry efforts directed toward reducing lipophilicity led to the synthesis of a series of imidazole analogues. Compound 6 was chosen for further profiling due to its appropriate physical chemical properties and excellent FAAH inhibition potency across species. [(11)C]-6 (MK-3168) exhibited good brain uptake and FAAH-specific signal in rhesus monkeys and is a suitable PET tracer for imaging FAAH in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terence G. Hamill
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenping Li
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Sandra Sanabria
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - David Williams
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Zhizhen Zeng
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patricia Miller
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Jacquelynn Cook
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Marie Holahan
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Aniket Joshi
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Stacey O’Malley
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Mona Purcell
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Diane Posavec
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Tsing-Bau Chen
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Kerry Riffel
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Mangay Williams
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
| | - Richard Hargreaves
- Department of Imaging Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
19486, United States
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21
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Barawkar DA, Bandyopadhyay A, Deshpande A, Koul S, Kandalkar S, Patil P, Khose G, Vyas S, Mone M, Bhosale S, Singh U, De S, Meru A, Gundu J, Chugh A, Palle VP, Mookhtiar KA, Vacca JP, Chakravarty PK, Nargund RP, Wright SD, Roy S, Graziano MP, Cully D, Cai TQ, Singh SB. Discovery of pyrazole carboxylic acids as potent inhibitors of rat long chain l-2-hydroxy acid oxidase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4341-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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He S, Ye Z, Truong Q, Shah S, Du W, Guo L, Dobbelaar PH, Lai Z, Liu J, Jian T, Qi H, Bakshi RK, Hong Q, Dellureficio J, Pasternak A, Feng Z, deJesus R, Yang L, Reibarkh M, Bradley SA, Holmes MA, Ball RG, Ruck RT, Huffman MA, Wong F, Samuel K, Reddy VB, Mitelman S, Tong SX, Chicchi GG, Tsao KL, Trusca D, Wu M, Shao Q, Trujillo ME, Eiermann GJ, Li C, Zhang BB, Howard AD, Zhou YP, Nargund RP, Hagmann WK. The Discovery of MK-4256, a Potent SSTR3 Antagonist as a Potential Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:484-9. [PMID: 24900499 DOI: 10.1021/ml300063m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A structure-activity relationship study of the imidazolyl-β-tetrahydrocarboline series identified MK-4256 as a potent, selective SSTR3 antagonist, which demonstrated superior efficacy in a mouse oGTT model. MK-4256 reduced glucose excursion in a dose-dependent fashion with maximal efficacy achieved at doses as low as 0.03 mg/kg po. As compared with glipizide, MK-4256 showed a minimal hypoglycemia risk in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen He
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhixiong Ye
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Quang Truong
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Shrenik Shah
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Wu Du
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Liangqin Guo
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Peter H. Dobbelaar
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhong Lai
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Tianying Jian
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Raman K. Bakshi
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Qingmei Hong
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - James Dellureficio
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Alexander Pasternak
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhe Feng
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Reynalda deJesus
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Lihu Yang
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mikhail Reibarkh
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Scott A. Bradley
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mark A. Holmes
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Richard G. Ball
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Rebecca T. Ruck
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mark A. Huffman
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Frederick Wong
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Koppara Samuel
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Vijay B. Reddy
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Stan Mitelman
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Sharon X. Tong
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Gary G. Chicchi
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Kwei-Lan Tsao
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Dorina Trusca
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Margaret Wu
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Qing Shao
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Maria E. Trujillo
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - George J. Eiermann
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Cai Li
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Bei B. Zhang
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Andrew D. Howard
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yun-Ping Zhou
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - William K. Hagmann
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Process Research, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Diabetes Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 East
Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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23
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Chobanian HR, Guo Y, Liu P, Lanza TJ, Chioda M, Chang L, Kelly TM, Kan Y, Palyha O, Guan XM, Marsh DJ, Metzger JM, Raustad K, Wang SP, Strack AM, Gorski JN, Miller R, Pang J, Lyons K, Dragovic J, Ning JG, Schafer WA, Welch CJ, Gong X, Gao YD, Hornak V, Reitman ML, Nargund RP, Lin LS. The design and synthesis of potent, selective benzodiazepine sulfonamide bombesin receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3) agonists with an increased barrier of atropisomerization. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:2845-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Chobanian HR, Guo Y, Liu P, Chioda M, Lanza TJ, Chang L, Kelly TM, Kan Y, Palyha O, Guan XM, Marsh DJ, Metzger JM, Gorski JN, Raustad K, Wang SP, Strack AM, Miller R, Pang J, Madeira M, Lyons K, Dragovic J, Reitman ML, Nargund RP, Lin LS. Discovery of MK-7725, A Potent, Selective Bombesin Receptor Subtype-3 Agonist for the Treatment of Obesity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:252-6. [PMID: 24900461 DOI: 10.1021/ml200304j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive structure-activity relationship studies of a series derived from atropisomer 1, a previously described chiral benzodiazepine sulfonamide series, led to a potent, brain penetrant and selective compound with excellent preclinical pharmacokinetic across species. We also describe the utilization of a high throughput mouse pharmacodynamic assay which allowed for expedient assessment of pharmacokinetic and brain distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry R. Chobanian
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Yan Guo
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Ping Liu
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Marc Chioda
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Thomas J. Lanza
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Linda Chang
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Theresa M. Kelly
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Yanqing Kan
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Oksana Palyha
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Xiao-Ming Guan
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Donald J. Marsh
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Joseph M. Metzger
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Judith N. Gorski
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Kate Raustad
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Sheng-Ping Wang
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Alison M. Strack
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Randy Miller
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Jianmei Pang
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Maria Madeira
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Kathy Lyons
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Jasminka Dragovic
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Marc L. Reitman
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Linus S. Lin
- Departments
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, and ∥Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
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25
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Liu P, Lanza TJ, Chioda M, Jones C, Chobanian HR, Guo Y, Chang L, Kelly TM, Kan Y, Palyha O, Guan XM, Marsh DJ, Metzger JM, Ramsay K, Wang SP, Strack AM, Miller R, Pang J, Lyons K, Dragovic J, Ning JG, Schafer WA, Welch CJ, Gong X, Gao YD, Hornak V, Ball RG, Tsou N, Reitman ML, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP, Lin LS. Discovery of benzodiazepine sulfonamide-based bombesin receptor subtype 3 agonists and their unusual chirality. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:933-7. [PMID: 24900283 DOI: 10.1021/ml200207w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein the discovery of benzodiazepine sulfonamide-based bombesin receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3) agonists and their unusual chirality. Starting from a high-throughput screening lead, we prepared a series of BRS-3 agonists with improved potency and pharmacokinetic properties, of which compound 8a caused mechanism-based, dose-dependent food intake reduction and body weight loss after oral dosing in diet-induced obese mice. This effort also led to the discovery of a novel family of chiral molecules originated from the conformationally constrained seven-membered diazepine ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Thomas J. Lanza
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Marc Chioda
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Carrie Jones
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Harry R. Chobanian
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yan Guo
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Linda Chang
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Theresa M. Kelly
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yanqing Kan
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Oksana Palyha
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Xiao-Ming Guan
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Donald J. Marsh
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Joseph M. Metzger
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Katie Ramsay
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Sheng-Ping Wang
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Alison M. Strack
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Randy Miller
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jianmei Pang
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Kathy Lyons
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jasminka Dragovic
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jian G. Ning
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Wes A. Schafer
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Christopher J. Welch
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Gong
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ying-Duo Gao
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Viktor Hornak
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Richard G. Ball
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Nancy Tsou
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Marc L. Reitman
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Matthew J. Wyvratt
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Linus S. Lin
- Departments of †Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Metabolic Disorders, §Pharmacology, ∥Drug Metabolism, ⊥Analytic Chemistry, #Chemistry Modeling & Informatics, and ∇Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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26
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Barawkar DA, Meru A, Bandyopadhyay A, Banerjee A, Deshpande AM, Athare C, Koduru C, Khose G, Gundu J, Mahajan K, Patil P, Kandalkar SR, Niranjan S, Bhosale S, De S, Mukhopadhyay S, Chaudhary S, Koul S, Singh U, Chugh A, Palle VP, Mookhtiar KA, Vacca J, Chakravarty PK, Nargund RP, Wright SD, Roy S, Graziano MP, Singh SB, Cully D, Cai TQ. Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Long Chain l-2-Hydroxy Acid Oxidase Reduced Blood Pressure in DOCA Salt-Treated Rats. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:919-23. [PMID: 24900281 DOI: 10.1021/ml2001938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
l-2-Hydroxy acid oxidase (Hao2) is a peroxisomal enzyme with predominant expression in the liver and kidney. Hao2 was recently identified as a candidate gene for blood pressure quantitative trait locus in rats. To investigate a pharmacological role of Hao2 in the management of blood pressure, selective Hao2 inhibitors were developed. Optimization of screening hits 1 and 2 led to the discovery of compounds 3 and 4 as potent and selective rat Hao2 inhibitors with pharmacokinetic properties suitable for in vivo studies in rats. Treatment with compound 3 or 4 resulted in a significant reduction or attenuation of blood pressure in an established or developing model of hypertension, deoxycorticosterone acetate-treated rats. This is the first report demonstrating a pharmacological benefit of selective Hao2 inhibitors in a relevant model of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh A. Barawkar
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Ashwin Meru
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Anish Bandyopadhyay
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Abir Banerjee
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Anil M. Deshpande
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Chandrashekhar Athare
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Chandrasekhar Koduru
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Goraksha Khose
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Jayasagar Gundu
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Koshu Mahajan
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Pradeep Patil
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Sachin R. Kandalkar
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Sanjay Niranjan
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Shubhangi Bhosale
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Siddhartha De
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Sudit Mukhopadhyay
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Sumit Chaudhary
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Summon Koul
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Umesh Singh
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Anita Chugh
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Venkata P. Palle
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Kasim A. Mookhtiar
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Limited, Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi,
Pune 411 057, India
| | - Joseph Vacca
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | | | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Samuel D. Wright
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Sophie Roy
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | | | - Sheo B. Singh
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Doris Cully
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
| | - Tian-Quan Cai
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065,
United States
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27
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He S, Shultz CS, Lai Z, Eid R, Dobbelaar PH, Ye Z, Nargund RP. Catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation to access spiroindane dimethyl acetic acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Bhuniya D, Umrani D, Dave B, Salunke D, Kukreja G, Gundu J, Naykodi M, Shaikh NS, Shitole P, Kurhade S, De S, Majumdar S, Reddy SB, Tambe S, Shejul Y, Chugh A, Palle VP, Mookhtiar KA, Cully D, Vacca J, Chakravarty PK, Nargund RP, Wright SD, Graziano MP, Singh SB, Roy S, Cai TQ. Discovery of a potent and selective small molecule hGPR91 antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3596-602. [PMID: 21571530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
GPR91, a 7TM G-Protein-Coupled Receptor, has been recently deorphanized with succinic acid as its endogenous ligand. Current literature indicates that GPR91 plays role in various pathophysiology including renal hypertension, autoimmune disease and retinal angiogenesis. Starting from a small molecule high-throughput screening hit 1 (hGPR91 IC(50): 0.8 μM)-originally synthesized in Merck for Bradykinin B(1) Receptor (BK(1)R) program, systematic structure-activity relationship study led us to discover potent and selective hGPR91 antagonists e.g. 2c, 4c, and 5 g (IC(50): 7-35 nM; >1000 fold selective against hGPR99, a closest related GPCR; >100 fold selective in Drug Matrix screening). This initial work also led to identification of two structurally distinct and orally bio-available lead compounds: 5g (%F: 26) and 7e (IC(50): 180 nM; >100 fold selective against hGPR99; %F: 87). A rat pharmacodynamic assay was developed to characterize the antagonists in vivo using succinate induced increase in blood pressure. Using two representative antagonists, 2c and 4c, the GPR91 target engagement was subsequently demonstrated using the designed pharmacodynamic assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debnath Bhuniya
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics, Quantum Towers, Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjewadi, Pune, India.
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29
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Hong Q, Bakshi RK, Palucki BL, Park MK, Ye Z, He S, Pollard PG, Sebhat IK, Liu J, Guo L, Cashen DE, Martin WJ, Weinberg DH, MacNeil T, Tang R, Tamvakopoulos C, Peng Q, Miller RR, Stearns RA, Chen HY, Chen AS, Strack AM, Fong TM, MacIntyre DE, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP. Discovery of a piperazine urea based compound as a potent, selective, orally bioavailable melanocortin subtype-4 receptor partial agonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2330-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Sebhat IK, Franklin C, Lo MMC, Chen D, Jewell JP, Miller R, Pang J, Palyha O, Kan Y, Kelly TM, Guan XM, Marsh DJ, Kosinski JA, Metzger JM, Lyons K, Dragovic J, Guzzo PR, Henderson AJ, Reitman ML, Nargund RP, Wyvratt MJ, Lin LS. Discovery of MK-5046, a Potent, Selective Bombesin Receptor Subtype-3 Agonist for the Treatment of Obesity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:43-7. [PMID: 24900253 DOI: 10.1021/ml100196d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the development and characterization of compound 22 (MK-5046), a potent, selective small molecule agonist of BRS-3 (bombesin receptor subtype-3). In pharmacological testing using diet-induced obese mice, compound 22 caused mechanism-based, dose-dependent reductions in food intake and body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter R. Guzzo
- AMRI, 26 Corporate Circle, Albany, New York 12212, United States
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31
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Metzger JM, Gagen K, Raustad KA, Yang L, White A, Wang SP, Craw S, Liu P, Lanza T, Lin LS, Nargund RP, Guan XM, Strack AM, Reitman ML. Body temperature as a mouse pharmacodynamic response to bombesin receptor subtype-3 agonists and other potential obesity treatments. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2010; 299:E816-24. [PMID: 20807840 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00404.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of rodents with a bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) agonist reduces food intake and increases fasting metabolic rate, causing weight loss with continued treatment. In small mammals, core body temperature (T(b)) is regulated in part by nutritional status, with a reduced T(b) during fasting. We report that fed Brs3 knockout mice have a lower T(b), which is discordant with their nutritional status. Treatment of wild-type mice with a BRS-3 agonist increased T(b), more so when the baseline T(b) was reduced such as by fasting or during the inactive phase of the light cycle. With repeated BRS-3 agonist dosing, the T(b) increase attenuated despite continued weight loss efficacy. The increase in T(b) was not prevented by inhibitors of prostaglandin E (PGE) production but was partially reduced by a β-adrenergic blocker. These results demonstrate that BRS-3 has a role in body temperature regulation, presumably secondary to its effect on energy metabolism, including effects on sympathetic tone. By making use of this phenomenon, the reversal of the fasting T(b) reduction was developed into a sensitive single-dose pharmacodynamic assay for BRS-3 agonism and other antiobesity compounds acting by various mechanisms, including sibutramine, cannabinoid-1, and melanin-concentrating hormone-1 receptor blockers, and melanocortin, β₃-adrenergic, and cholecystokinin-1 receptor agonists. These drugs increased both the fasted T(b) and the fasted, resting metabolic rates. The T(b) assay is a robust, information-rich assay that is simpler and has a greater throughput than measuring metabolic rate and is a practical, effective tool for drug discovery.
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32
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He S, Ye Z, Dobbelaar PH, Bakshi RK, Hong Q, Dellureficio JP, Sebhat IK, Guo L, Liu J, Jian T, Lai Y, Franklin CL, Reibarkh M, Holmes MA, Weinberg DH, MacNeil T, Tang R, Tamvakopoulos C, Peng Q, Miller RR, Stearns RA, Chen HY, Chen AS, Strack AM, Fong TM, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP. Discovery of highly potent and efficacious MC4R agonists with spiroindane N-Me-1,2,4-triazole privileged structures for the treatment of obesity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6524-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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33
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Guan XM, Metzger JM, Yang L, Raustad KA, Wang SP, Spann SK, Kosinski JA, Yu H, Shearman LP, Faidley TD, Palyha O, Kan Y, Kelly TM, Sebhat I, Lin LS, Dragovic J, Lyons KA, Craw S, Nargund RP, Marsh DJ, Strack AM, Reitman ML. Antiobesity effect of MK-5046, a novel bombesin receptor subtype-3 agonist. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2010; 336:356-64. [PMID: 21036912 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.110.174763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor implicated in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Here, we report the biologic effects of a highly optimized BRS-3 agonist, (2S)-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-[4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-(4-{[1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl}-1H-imidazol-2-yl)propan-2-ol (MK-5046). Single oral doses of MK-5046 inhibited 2-h and overnight food intake and increased fasting metabolic rate in wild-type but not Brs3 knockout mice. Upon dosing for 14 days, MK-5046 at 25 mg · kg(-1) · day(-1) reduced body weight of diet-induced obese mouse by 9% compared with vehicle-dosed controls. In mice, 50% brain receptor occupancy was achieved at a plasma concentration of 0.34 ± 0.23 μM. With chronic dosing, effects on metabolic rate, rather than food intake, seem to be the predominant mechanism for weight reduction by MK-5046. The compound also effectively reduced body weight in rats and caused modest increases in body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. These latter effects on temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure were transient in nature and desensitized with continued dosing. MK-5046 is the first BRS-3 agonist with properties suitable for use in larger mammals. In dogs, MK-5046 treatment produced statistically significant and persistent weight loss, which was initially accompanied by increases in body temperature and heart rate that abated with continued dosing. Our results demonstrate antiobesity efficacy for MK-5046 in rodents and dogs and further support BRS-3 agonism as a new approach to the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Guan
- Department of Metabolic Disorders, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065-0900, USA.
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34
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He S, Ye Z, Dobbelaar PH, Sebhat IK, Guo L, Liu J, Jian T, Lai Y, Franklin CL, Bakshi RK, Dellureficio JP, Hong Q, Weinberg DH, MacNeil T, Tang R, Strack AM, Tamvakopoulos C, Peng Q, Miller RR, Stearns RA, Chen HY, Chen AS, Fong TM, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP. Spiroindane based amides as potent and selective MC4R agonists for the treatment of obesity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4399-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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35
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Hong Q, Bakshi RK, Dellureficio J, He S, Ye Z, Dobbelaar PH, Sebhat IK, Guo L, Liu J, Jian T, Tang R, Kalyani RN, MacNeil T, Vongs A, Rosenblum CI, Weinberg DH, Peng Q, Tamvakopoulos C, Miller RR, Stearns RA, Cashen D, Martin WJ, Chen AS, Metzger JM, Chen HY, Strack AM, Fong TM, Maclntyre E, Van der Ploeg LH, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP. Optimization of privileged structures for selective and potent melanocortin subtype-4 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4483-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Hadden M, Goodman A, Guo C, Guzzo PR, Henderson AJ, Pattamana K, Ruenz M, Sargent BJ, Swenson B, Yet L, Liu J, He S, Sebhat IK, Lin LS, Tamvakopoulos C, Peng Q, Kan Y, Palyha O, Kelly TM, Guan XM, Metzger JM, Reitman ML, Nargund RP. Synthesis and SAR of heterocyclic carboxylic acid isosteres based on 2-biarylethylimidazole as bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) agonists for the treatment of obesity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2912-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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37
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Guo C, Guzzo PR, Hadden M, Sargent BJ, Yet L, Kan Y, Palyha O, Kelly TM, Guan X, Rosko K, Gagen K, Metzger JM, Dragovic J, Lyons K, Lin LS, Nargund RP. Synthesis of 7-benzyl-5-(piperidin-1-yl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c][2,7]naphthyridin-1-ylamine and its analogs as bombesin receptor subtype-3 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2785-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Liu J, He S, Jian T, Dobbelaar PH, Sebhat IK, Lin LS, Goodman A, Guo C, Guzzo PR, Hadden M, Henderson AJ, Pattamana K, Ruenz M, Sargent BJ, Swenson B, Yet L, Tamvakopoulos C, Peng Q, Pan J, Kan Y, Palyha O, Kelly TM, Guan XM, Howard AD, Marsh DJ, Metzger JM, Reitman ML, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP. Synthesis and SAR of derivatives based on 2-biarylethylimidazole as bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) agonists for the treatment of obesity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2074-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Guo L, Ye Z, Ujjainwalla F, Sings HL, Sebhat IK, Huber J, Weinberg DH, Tang R, MacNeil T, Tamvakopoulos C, Peng Q, MacIntyre E, van der Ploeg LH, Goulet MT, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP. Synthesis and SAR of potent and orally bioavailable tert-butylpyrrolidine archetype derived melanocortin subtype-4 receptor modulators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:3242-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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40
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Sebhat IK, Lai Y, Barakat K, Ye Z, Tang R, Kalyani RN, Vongs A, Macneil T, Weinberg DH, Cabello MA, Maroto M, Teran A, Fong TM, Van der Ploeg LHT, Patchett AA, Nargund RP. Melanocortin subtype 4 receptor agonists: Structure–activity relationships about the 4-alkyl piperidine core. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5720-3. [PMID: 17768046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Revised: 11/28/2006] [Accepted: 11/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SAR about the piperidine core in a series of MC4R agonists is described. A number of alkyl substituents that furnish compounds with good affinity and functional potency are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyassu K Sebhat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc, PO Box, 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi P Nargund
- Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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42
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Bakshi RK, Hong Q, Tang R, Kalyani RN, Macneil T, Weinberg DH, Van der Ploeg LHT, Patchett AA, Nargund RP. Optimization of a privileged structure leading to potent and selective human melanocortin subtype-4 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 16:1130-3. [PMID: 16364639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.11.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2005] [Revised: 11/25/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Design and synthesis of potent MC4 selective agonists based on cyclohexylpiperidine derived cyclic urea, oxazolidinones, and sulfonamide based privileged structures are disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman K Bakshi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA.
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43
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Pogozheva ID, Chai BX, Lomize AL, Fong TM, Weinberg DH, Nargund RP, Mulholland MW, Gantz I, Mosberg HI. Interactions of human melanocortin 4 receptor with nonpeptide and peptide agonists. Biochemistry 2005; 44:11329-41. [PMID: 16114870 PMCID: PMC2532597 DOI: 10.1021/bi0501840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Specific interactions of human melanocortin-4 receptor (hMC4R) with its nonpeptide and peptide agonists were studied using alanine-scanning mutagenesis. The binding affinities and potencies of two synthetic, small-molecule agonists (THIQ, MB243) were strongly affected by substitutions in transmembrane alpha-helices (TM) 2, 3, 6, and 7 (residues Glu(100), Asp(122), Asp(126), Phe(261), His(264), Leu(265), and Leu(288)). In addition, a I129A mutation primarily affected the binding and potency of THIQ, while F262A, W258A, Y268A mutations impaired interactions with MB243. By contrast, binding affinity and potency of the linear peptide agonist NDP-MSH were substantially reduced only in D126A and H264A mutants. Three-dimensional models of receptor-ligand complexes with their agonists were generated by distance-geometry using the experimental, homology-based, and other structural constraints, including interhelical H-bonds and two disulfide bridges (Cys(40)-Cys(279), Cys(271)-Cys(277)) of hMC4R. In the models, all pharmacophore elements of small-molecule agonists are spatially overlapped with the corresponding key residues (His(6), d-Phe(7), Arg(8), and Trp(9)) of the linear peptide: their charged amine groups interact with acidic residues from TM2 and TM3, similar to His(6) and Arg(6) of NDP-MSH; their substituted piperidines mimic Trp(9) of the peptide and interact with TM5 and TM6, while the d-Phe aromatic rings of all three agonists contact with Leu(133), Trp(258), and Phe(261) residues.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Cyclic AMP/pharmacology
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/agonists
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/chemistry
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/drug effects
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/drug effects
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Rhodopsin/chemistry
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina D Pogozheva
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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44
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Ye Z, MacNeil T, Weinberg DH, Kalyani RN, Tang R, Strack AM, Murphy BA, Mosley RT, Euan MacIntyre D, Van der Ploeg LHT, Patchett AA, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP. Structure-activity relationship of linear tetrapeptides Tic-DPhe-Arg-Trp-NH2 at the human melanocortin-4 receptor and effects on feeding behaviors in rat. Peptides 2005; 26:2017-25. [PMID: 15993513 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2004] [Accepted: 12/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The melanocortin subtype-4 receptor (MC4R) has been implicated in the control of feeding behavior and body weight regulation. A series of tetrapeptides, based on Tic-DPhe-Arg-Trp-NH2-a mimic of the putative message sequence "His-Phe-Arg-Trp" and modified at the DPhe position, were prepared and pharmacologically characterized for potency and selectivity. Substitution of His with Tic gave peptides with significant increases in selectivity. The effects of the substitution pattern of DPhe were investigated and it has significant influences on potency and the level of the maximum cAMP accumulation. Intracerebroventricular administration of peptide 10 induced significant inhibition of cumulative overnight food intake and feeding duration in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA.
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45
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Doss GA, Miller RR, Zhang Z, Teffera Y, Nargund RP, Palucki B, Park MK, Tang YS, Evans DC, Baillie TA, Stearns RA. Metabolic activation of a 1,3-disubstituted piperazine derivative: evidence for a novel ring contraction to an imidazoline. Chem Res Toxicol 2005; 18:271-6. [PMID: 15720132 DOI: 10.1021/tx049711r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MB243 (a 1,3-disubstituted piperazine) is a new, potent, and selective melanocortin receptor subtype-4 agonist with potential application in the treatment of obesity and/or erectile dysfunction. MB243 was observed to covalently bind extensively to liver microsomal proteins from rats and humans. In the presence of glutathione, two thioether adducts were detected in liver microsomal incubations by radiochromatography and LC/MS/MS analysis. These adducts were also formed when bile duct-cannulated rats were dosed with MB243. The two adducts were isolated, and their structures were determined by accurate mass MS/MS and NMR analyses. The proposed structures resulted from a novel contraction of the piperazine ring to yield a substituted imidazoline. A mechanism is proposed, which involves an initial six electron oxidation of the piperazine ring to form a reactive intermediate, which is trapped by glutathione. Hydrolysis of the glutamic acid residue followed by internal aminolysis by the cysteine amino group resulted in opening of the piperazine ring, which is followed by ring closure to an imidazoline. The resulting cysteinyl-glycine conjugate underwent subsequent hydrolysis of the glycine residue. Understanding of the mechanism of bioactivation led to the design of MB243 analogues that exhibited reduced covalent protein binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Doss
- Department of Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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46
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Ye Z, Guo L, Barakat KJ, Pollard PG, Palucki BL, Sebhat IK, Bakshi RK, Tang R, Kalyani RN, Vongs A, Chen AS, Chen HY, Rosenblum CI, MacNeil T, Weinberg DH, Peng Q, Tamvakopoulos C, Miller RR, Stearns RA, Cashen DE, Martin WJ, Metzger JM, Strack AM, MacIntyre DE, Van der Ploeg LHT, Patchett AA, Wyvratt MJ, Nargund RP. Discovery and activity of (1R,4S,6R)-N-[(1R)-2-[4-cyclohexyl-4-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-1-piperidinyl]-1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2-oxoethyl]-2-methyl-2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-6-carboxamide (3, RY764), a potent and selective melanocortin subtype-4 receptor agonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:3501-5. [PMID: 15982875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2005] [Revised: 05/25/2005] [Accepted: 05/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel isoquinuclidine containing selective melanocortin subtype-4 receptor small molecule agonist, 3 (RY764), is reported. Its in vivo characterization revealed mechanism-based food intake reduction and erectile activity augmentation in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA.
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47
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Bakshi RK, Hong Q, Olson JT, Ye Z, Sebhat IK, Weinberg DH, MacNeil T, Kalyani RN, Tang R, Martin WJ, Strack A, McGowan E, Tamvakopoulos C, Miller RR, Stearns RA, Tang W, Maclntyre DE, van der Ploeg LHT, Patchett AA, Nargund RP. 1-Amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid as a Tic mimetic: Application in the synthesis of potent human melanocortin-4 receptor selective agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:3430-3. [PMID: 15951175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2005] [Revised: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 05/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of 1-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid analogs as potent human melanocortin-4 selective agonists is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman K Bakshi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA.
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48
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Palucki BL, Park MK, Nargund RP, Ye Z, Sebhat IK, Pollard PG, Kalyani RN, Tang R, Macneil T, Weinberg DH, Vongs A, Rosenblum CI, Doss GA, Miller RR, Stearns RA, Peng Q, Tamvakopoulos C, McGowan E, Martin WJ, Metzger JM, Shepherd CA, Strack AM, Macintyre DE, Van der Ploeg LHT, Patchett AA. Discovery of (2S)-N-[(1R)-2-[4-cyclohexyl-4-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-1-piperidinyl]-1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2-oxoethyl]-4-methyl-2-piperazinecarboxamide (MB243), a potent and selective melanocortin subtype-4 receptor agonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:171-5. [PMID: 15582434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Revised: 10/05/2004] [Accepted: 10/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the discovery and optimization of substituted 2-piperazinecarboxamides as potent and selective agonists of the melanocortin subtype-4 receptor. Further in vivo development of lead agonist, MB243, is disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda L Palucki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA.
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49
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Chen HY, Trumbauer ME, Chen AS, Weingarth DT, Adams JR, Frazier EG, Shen Z, Marsh DJ, Feighner SD, Guan XM, Ye Z, Nargund RP, Smith RG, Van der Ploeg LHT, Howard AD, MacNeil DJ, Qian S. Orexigenic action of peripheral ghrelin is mediated by neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein. Endocrinology 2004; 145:2607-12. [PMID: 14962995 DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 499] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin, a stomach-derived orexigenic hormone, has stimulated great interest as a potential target for obesity control. Pharmacological evidence indicates that ghrelin's effects on food intake are mediated by neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) in the central nervous system. These include intracerebroventricular application of antibodies to neutralize NPY and AgRP, and the application of an NPY Y1 receptor antagonist, which blocks some of the orexigenic effects of ghrelin. Here we describe treatment of Agrp(-/-);Npy(-/-) and Mc3r(-/-);Mc4r(-/-) double knockout mice as well as Npy(-/-) and Agrp(-/-) single knockout mice with either ghrelin or an orally active nonpeptide ghrelin agonist. The data demonstrate that NPY and AgRP are required for the orexigenic effects of ghrelin, as well as the involvement of the melanocortin pathway in ghrelin signaling. Our results outline a functional interaction between the NPY and AgRP pathways. Although deletion of either NPY or AgRP caused only a modest or nondetectable effect, ablation of both ligands completely abolished the orexigenic action of ghrelin. Our results establish an in vivo orexigenic function for NPY and AgRP, mediating the effect of ghrelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Chen
- Department of Metabolic Disorders, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, RY80T-150, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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50
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Sebhat IK, Martin WJ, Ye Z, Barakat K, Mosley RT, Johnston DBR, Bakshi R, Palucki B, Weinberg DH, MacNeil T, Kalyani RN, Tang R, Stearns RA, Miller RR, Tamvakopoulos C, Strack AM, McGowan E, Cashen DE, Drisko JE, Hom GJ, Howard AD, MacIntyre DE, van der Ploeg LHT, Patchett AA, Nargund RP. Design and pharmacology of N-[(3R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinium- 3-ylcarbonyl]-(1R)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)- 2-[4-cyclohexyl-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol- 1-ylmethyl)piperidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethylamine (1), a potent, selective, melanocortin subtype-4 receptor agonist. J Med Chem 2002; 45:4589-93. [PMID: 12361385 DOI: 10.1021/jm025539h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic and natural peptides that act as nonselective melanocortin receptor agonists have been found to be anorexigenic and to stimulate erectile activity. We report the design and development of 1, a potent, selective (1184-fold vs MC3R, 350-fold vs MC5R), small-molecule agonist of the MC4 receptor. Pharmacological testing confirms the food intake lowering effects of MC4R agonism and suggests another role for the receptor in the stimulation of erectile activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyassu K Sebhat
- Department of Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065-0900, USA.
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