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Fuchs A, Cordes BL, van Dick R, Ebers G, Kaluza A, Konietzny C, Baumann U. Interventions to alleviate anxiety and pain during venipuncture in children with chronic gastrointestinal and/or liver disease: A single-center prospective observational study. JPGN Rep 2024; 5:110-118. [PMID: 38756111 PMCID: PMC11093924 DOI: 10.1002/jpr3.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The goal of this longitudinal study was to reduce anxiety and pain in children with chronic conditions from the gastrointestinal tract during venipuncture. These children undergo regular venipuncture as part of their medical management and the procedure is often accompanied with anxiety and pain. In addition, children as well as their parents and health care professionals (HCPs) often suffer "compassionate pain" because of emotional interference. Method In a realistic clinical setting, different psychological and medical interventions were examined: (1) Psychoeducational brochures and (2) four different medical-technical interventions during venipuncture. In a large hospital in Germany, 169 children, their parents, and HCPs were asked to rate anxiety and pain during venipuncture before and after the intervention. Results Children showed a clear preference for some of the medical-technical interventions. Using Linear Mixed Models anxiety and pain rated by the children themselves showed no significant reduction. However, parents and HCPs reported a significant reduction. Age, gender, and status of liver transplantation were associated with a reduction in anxiety and pain in most of the analyses. Conclusion Both psychoeducational brochures and medical-technical interventions had a positive impact on anxiety and pain. However, effectivity for the medical-technical interventions was lower than in previous studies utilizing individual interventions. Reasons for this difference as well as possibilities to improve the intervention are discussed. In addition, this study provides practical day-to-day information about the implementation of interventions for the work in pediatric units such as when and how to provide psychoeducational materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Fuchs
- Department of Social PsychologyGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Berrit L. Cordes
- Department of Social PsychologyGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social PsychologyGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Gianna Ebers
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver, and Metabolic DiseasesHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Antonia Kaluza
- Department of Social PsychologyGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Christiane Konietzny
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver, and Metabolic DiseasesHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver, and Metabolic DiseasesHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
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Steffens NK, Tatachari S, Haslam SA, Wilson-Lemoine JE, Maskor M, van Dick R, Kratzer BE, Christensen J, Kerschreiter R. Introducing and validating a single-item measure of identity leadership: The visual identity leadership scale (VILS). Br J Soc Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38587983 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In the present research, we introduce and validate a single-item measure of identity leadership-the visual identity leadership scale (VILS). The VILS uses Venn diagrams of sets of overlapping circles to denote different degrees of alignment between a leader's characteristics and behaviours and a group's values and goals. Key advantages of the VILS over other existing multi-item scales are that it provides a holistic assessment of identity leadership, is short, and can be adapted to address novel research questions that are impractical to address with existing scales (e.g. in diary studies, assessing multiple comparisons of many leaders or groups). Data from three studies (conducted in India, the United States and Germany) provide evidence of the VILS' construct reliability and validity. Results also showcase the instrument's capacity to be adapted to assess variations of identity leadership-for example, by assessing a leader's convergence with descriptive and ideal notions of collective self (i.e. with 'who we are' and 'who we want to be'). We discuss the value of including the VILS in the toolbox that researchers and practitioners can utilize to expand our understanding of identity processes in leadership and group behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Srinivasan Tatachari
- T A Pai Management Institute, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | | | - Mazlan Maskor
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Bögemann SA, Puhlmann LMC, Wackerhagen C, Zerban M, Riepenhausen A, Köber G, Yuen KSL, Pooseh S, Marciniak MA, Reppmann Z, Uściƚko A, Weermeijer J, Lenferink DB, Mituniewicz J, Robak N, Donner NC, Mestdagh M, Verdonck S, van Dick R, Kleim B, Lieb K, van Leeuwen JMC, Kobylińska D, Myin-Germeys I, Walter H, Tüscher O, Hermans EJ, Veer IM, Kalisch R. Psychological Resilience Factors and Their Association With Weekly Stressor Reactivity During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Europe: Prospective Longitudinal Study. JMIR Ment Health 2023; 10:e46518. [PMID: 37847551 PMCID: PMC10618882 DOI: 10.2196/46518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional relationships between psychosocial resilience factors (RFs) and resilience, operationalized as the outcome of low mental health reactivity to stressor exposure (low "stressor reactivity" [SR]), were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. OBJECTIVE Extending these findings, we here examined prospective relationships and weekly dynamics between the same RFs and SR in a longitudinal sample during the aftermath of the first wave in several European countries. METHODS Over 5 weeks of app-based assessments, participants reported weekly stressor exposure, mental health problems, RFs, and demographic data in 1 of 6 different languages. As (partly) preregistered, hypotheses were tested cross-sectionally at baseline (N=558), and longitudinally (n=200), using mixed effects models and mediation analyses. RESULTS RFs at baseline, including positive appraisal style (PAS), optimism (OPT), general self-efficacy (GSE), perceived good stress recovery (REC), and perceived social support (PSS), were negatively associated with SR scores, not only cross-sectionally (baseline SR scores; all P<.001) but also prospectively (average SR scores across subsequent weeks; positive appraisal (PA), P=.008; OPT, P<.001; GSE, P=.01; REC, P<.001; and PSS, P=.002). In both associations, PAS mediated the effects of PSS on SR (cross-sectionally: 95% CI -0.064 to -0.013; prospectively: 95% CI -0.074 to -0.0008). In the analyses of weekly RF-SR dynamics, the RFs PA of stressors generally and specifically related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and GSE were negatively associated with SR in a contemporaneous fashion (PA, P<.001; PAC,P=.03; and GSE, P<.001), but not in a lagged fashion (PA, P=.36; PAC, P=.52; and GSE, P=.06). CONCLUSIONS We identified psychological RFs that prospectively predict resilience and cofluctuate with weekly SR within individuals. These prospective results endorse that the previously reported RF-SR associations do not exclusively reflect mood congruency or other temporal bias effects. We further confirm the important role of PA in resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Bögemann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lara M C Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Zerban
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antje Riepenhausen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Göran Köber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth S L Yuen
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shakoor Pooseh
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta A Marciniak
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zala Reppmann
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jeroen Weermeijer
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dionne B Lenferink
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Natalia Robak
- College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nina C Donner
- Concentris Research Management GmbH, Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany
| | - Merijn Mestdagh
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Verdonck
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Birgit Kleim
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Judith M C van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik Walter
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Erno J Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ilya M Veer
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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van Dick R, Frenzel SB, Erkens VA, Häusser JA, Haslam SA, Mojzisch A, Steffens NK, Junker NM. Reduced loneliness mediates the effects of multiple group identifications on well-being. Br J Soc Psychol 2023; 62:1693-1714. [PMID: 37166233 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Membership of multiple groups and identification with those groups have been found to be positively related to individuals' health and well-being. The present research sought to replicate this finding in two large, representative samples. Moreover, we sought to extend previous work by shedding light on the mechanisms mediating the effects of multiple group membership on positive health outcomes. Specifically, we proposed that the links between multiple group membership and positive health outcomes are mediated by reduced feelings of loneliness. In Study 1, a two-wave survey of a German population, participants (N = 989) were asked about their identification with family, friends, neighbourhood, their country and humanity and 4 weeks later about feelings of loneliness, physical health and stress. As hypothesized, multiple identifications predicted lower stress. They were also associated with a marginal reduction in physical symptoms of poor health. Both relationships were mediated by the absence of loneliness. In Study 2, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of German participants (N = 1635), which also included a sixth target of identification (Europe). Results replicated findings from Study 1 and also found similar relations associated with smaller (family, friends and neighbourhood) versus larger (country, Europe and Humanity) foci of identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Svenja B Frenzel
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Valerie A Erkens
- Department of Social Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan A Häusser
- Department of Social Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - S Alexander Haslam
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andreas Mojzisch
- Psychology Department, University Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Niklas K Steffens
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nina M Junker
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Henk K, Rosing F, Wolff F, Frenzel SB, van Dick R, Erkens VA, Häusser JA, Mojzisch A, Boer D. An examination and extension of the Peltzman effect during the Covid-19 pandemic. Curr Res Ecol Soc Psychol 2023; 4:100091. [PMID: 36744173 PMCID: PMC9888029 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the first COVID-19 case was confirmed in Germany, the German government has introduced various measures to counteract the pandemic. The implementation of safety measures can have counterproductive effects: people engage in risk compensatory behavior (fewer safety behaviors) after regulations are introduced and obligated by the government, which is known as the Peltzman effect (Peltzman, 1975). Based on the Peltzman effect, the researchers of this study hypothesized that people complied less with safety behaviors and took more health risks (e.g. keep less distance) after the implementation of more stringent COVID-19-related regulations (quarantine obligation and face mask duty) between the two measurement periods of this study. They also extended the Peltzman model by hypothesizing moderating roles of age, gender, and perceived COVID-19 threat. Results of the longitudinal survey study (N = 989, T1: 26 March - 31 March 2020 and T2: 27 April - 4 May 2020) confirm that people indeed complied less with safety recommendations over time associated with strengthened COVID-19-related regulations. Perceived COVID-19 threat to those in a person's surroundings (e.g. family, neighbors) had a positive impact on compliance, but age and gender had no effect. This extends the literature on the Peltzman effect by adding perceived COVID-19 threat as a new relevant construct, enabling the development of more effective safety preventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt
| | - Valerie A Erkens
- Department of Social psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen
| | - Jan A Häusser
- Department of Social psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen
| | | | - Diana Boer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Koblenz
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Hubenschmid L, Helmreich I, Köber G, Gilan D, Frenzel SB, van Dick R, Lieb K. Effects of general and corona-specific stressors on mental burden during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Germany. Front Public Health 2022; 10:991292. [PMID: 36483250 PMCID: PMC9724653 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.991292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic turned out to be a serious threat to mental and physical health. However, the relative contribution of corona-specific (DHs) and general stressors (DHg) on mental burden, and specific protective and risk factors for mental health are still not well understood. In a representative sample (N = 3,055) of the German adult population, mental health, potential risk, and protective factors as well as DHs and DHg exposure were assessed online during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (June and July 2020). The impact of these factors on mental health was analyzed using descriptive statistics, data visualizations, multiple regressions, and moderation analyses. The most burdensome DHg were financial and sleeping problems, respectively, and DHs corona-media reports and exclusion from recreational activities/important social events. 31 and 24% of total mental health was explained by DHg and DHs, respectively. Both predictors combined explained 36%, resulting in an increase in variance due to DHs of only 5% (R2 adjusted). Being female, older and a lower educational level were identified as general risk factors, somatic diseases as a corona-specific risk factor, and self-efficacy and locus of control (LOC) proved to be corona-specific protective factors. Further analyses showed that older age and being diagnosed with a somatic illness attenuated the positive influence of LOC, self-efficacy, and social support on resilience. Although the data showed that after the first easing restrictions, the stressor load was comparable to pre-pandemic data (with DHs not making a significant contribution), different risk and protective factors could be identified for general and corona-specific stressors. In line with observations from network analysis from other groups, the positive impact of resilience factors was especially diminished in the most vulnerable groups (elderly and somatically ill). This highlights the need to especially target these vulnerable groups to foster their resilience in upcoming waves of the corona pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hubenschmid
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany,*Correspondence: Lara Hubenschmid
| | | | - Göran Köber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany,Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Donya Gilan
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Svenja B. Frenzel
- Department of Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Hernandez Bark AS, Monzani L, van Dick R. I am one of you! Team prototypicality as a facilitator for female leaders. Front Psychol 2022; 13:859577. [PMID: 36337497 PMCID: PMC9632852 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.859577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we complement role congruity theory with insights from the Social Identity Model of Leadership. We propose that especially female leaders benefit from team prototypicality, i.e., being representative of the group they are leading. We assume that team prototypicality shifts the comparative frame away from higher-order categories like gender and leader roles to more concrete team-related properties and thereby reduces disadvantages for female leader that stem from the incongruity between the leader role and the female gender role stereotypes. Further, this effect should affect both (female) leaders themselves and their perception by their followers. Building on previous research, we predict, first, lower authentic leadership behavior for female than male leaders. Second, that team prototypicality positively relates to authentic leadership and trust in leader. Third, that team prototypicality has stronger relations to authentic leadership and trust in leader for female compared to male leaders. We tested assumptions in a randomized online experiment (Study 1, N = 315) and a cross-sectional survey study (Study 2, N = 300). We did not find consistent support for the assumed gender differences in authentic leadership. But our results (both in manifest and in latent analyses) show that team prototypicality—both self-perceived (Study 1) and as perceived by employees (Study 2)—is related to more authentic leadership and more trust in leader (Study 2) and that these relations are stronger for female than for male leaders. Furthermore, we tested in Study 2 an extended model including follower’s job satisfaction as the final follower outcome affected via team prototypicality, leader gender, authentic leadership, and trust in leader. Thereby, we found that team prototypicality has direct and indirect effects on job satisfaction as carried through authentic leadership and trust in leader, respectively. Together, the results of both studies support our assumptions and show that female leaders can reduce role incongruity barriers through high team prototypicality. Implications for future research and practical implications of these results for gender equality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina S. Hernandez Bark
- Department of Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- *Correspondence: Alina S. Hernandez Bark,
| | - Lucas Monzani
- Organizational Behavior, Ivey Business School at Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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8
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Frenzel SB, Junker NM, Häusser JA, Erkens VA, van Dick R. Team identification relates to lower burnout-Emotional and instrumental support as two different social cure mechanisms. Br J Soc Psychol 2022; 62:673-691. [PMID: 36263887 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Team identification is associated with less exhaustion and disengagement through more social support and higher collective self-efficacy. However, previous studies did not distinguish between emotional and instrumental support, even though both forms of support may relate differently to collective self-efficacy. By distinguishing between both support forms, we expected an indirect effect-the 'supportive structure' mechanism-of team identification on burnout mediated via emotional support. For a second mechanism-the 'supportive action' mechanism-we expected an indirect effect serially mediated by instrumental support and collective self-efficacy. We tested our hypotheses among N T1 = 567 employees in a four-wave study with 3-month time lags between measurement points. Partially in line with our expectations, emotional support (T2) mediated the relation between team identification (T1) and disengagement (T4), but not emotional exhaustion (T4). Moreover, as expected, the results showed an indirect association between team identification (T1) and emotional exhaustion and disengagement (T4) via instrumental support (T2) and collective self-efficacy (T3). Accordingly, employees benefit from both support forms but through different mechanisms. We discuss our findings and implications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja B Frenzel
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nina M Junker
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan A Häusser
- Department of Social Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Valerie A Erkens
- Department of Social Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Frenzel SB, Kaluza AJ, Junker NM, van Dick R. Sweet as Sugar-How Shared Social Identities Help Patients in Coping with Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10508. [PMID: 36078223 PMCID: PMC9518400 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Social identification is health-beneficial as social groups provide social support (i.e., the social cure effect). We study this social cure effect in diabetes patients by focusing on two relevant sources of social support, namely medical practitioners (MP) and fellow patients. As both groups have diabetes-specific knowledge, we predict that sharing an identity with them provides access to specific support, which, in turn, optimizes individuals' diabetes management and reduces diabetes-related stress. We further predict that identifying with their MP or fellow patients will be more strongly related to perceived social support among individuals with lower diabetes-specific resilience because they pay more attention to supportive cues. We tested this moderated mediation model in a two-wave study with n = 200 diabetes patients. Identification with the MP related to more support, which, in turn, was related to better diabetes management and less diabetes-specific stress. Identification with fellow patients related to more support; however, social support was unrelated to diabetes management and stress. Resilience only moderated the relationship between MP identification and support, as people with lower resilience levels reported more support from their MP. This study shows the importance of social identification with the MP and other diabetes patients, especially for people with lower resilience levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja B. Frenzel
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Antonia J. Kaluza
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina M. Junker
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
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Hernandez Bark AS, Junker NM, Kark R, Morgenroth T, Peus C, van Dick R. Editorial to Part I “Revisioning, Rethinking, Restructuring Gender at Work: Quo Vadis Gender Stereotypes?”. J Applied Social Pyschol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ronit Kark
- Department of Psychology Bar Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Thekla Morgenroth
- Department of Psychological Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Claudia Peus
- Chair of Research and Science Management, TUM School of Management Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychology Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
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Junker NM, Hernandez Bark AS, Kark R, Morgenroth T, Peus C, van Dick R. Editorial to Part II: Revisioning, Rethinking, Restructuring Gender at Work: Contributors to Gender‐Role Stereotyping. J Applied Social Pyschol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ronit Kark
- Department of Psychology Bar Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Thekla Morgenroth
- Department of Psychological Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Claudia Peus
- TUM School of Management Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychology Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
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12
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Blessin M, Lehmann S, Kunzler AM, van Dick R, Lieb K. Resilience Interventions Conducted in Western and Eastern Countries-A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:6913. [PMID: 35682495 PMCID: PMC9180776 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated the efficacy of psychological interventions to foster resilience. However, little is known about whether the cultural context in which resilience interventions are implemented affects their efficacy on mental health. Studies performed in Western (k = 175) and Eastern countries (k = 46) regarding different aspects of interventions (setting, mode of delivery, target population, underlying theoretical approach, duration, control group design) and their efficacy on resilience, anxiety, depressive symptoms, quality of life, perceived stress, and social support were compared. Interventions in Eastern countries were longer in duration and tended to be more often conducted in group settings with a focus on family caregivers. We found evidence for larger effect sizes of resilience interventions in Eastern countries for improving resilience (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28 to 0.67; p < 0.0001; 43 studies; 6248 participants; I2 = 97.4%). Intercultural differences should receive more attention in resilience intervention research. Future studies could directly compare interventions in different cultural contexts to explain possible underlying causes for differences in their efficacy on mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Blessin
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), 55122 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (S.L.); (A.M.K.)
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Sophie Lehmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), 55122 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (S.L.); (A.M.K.)
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Angela M. Kunzler
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), 55122 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (S.L.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), 55122 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (S.L.); (A.M.K.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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13
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Frenzel SB, Haslam SA, Junker NM, Bolatov A, Erkens VA, Häusser JA, Kark R, Meyer I, Mojzisch A, Monzani L, Reicher SD, Samekin A, Schuh SC, Steffens NK, Sultanova L, Van Dijk D, van Zyl LE, van Dick R. How national leaders keep 'us' safe: A longitudinal, four-nation study exploring the role of identity leadership as a predictor of adherence to COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054980. [PMID: 35537783 PMCID: PMC9091491 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether citizens' adherence to health-protective non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic is predicted by identity leadership, wherein leaders are perceived to create a sense of shared national identity. DESIGN Observational two-wave study. Hypotheses testing was conducted with structural equation modelling. SETTING Data collection during the COVID-19 pandemic in China, Germany, Israel and the USA in April/May 2020 and four weeks later. PARTICIPANTS Adults in China (n=548, 66.6% women), Germany (n=182, 78% women), Israel (n=198, 51.0% women) and the USA (n=108, 58.3% women). MEASURES Identity leadership (assessed by the four-item Identity Leadership Inventory Short-Form) at Time 1, perceived shared national identification (PSNI; assessed with four items) and adherence to health-protective NPIs (assessed with 10 items that describe different health-protective interventions; for example, wearing face masks) at Time 2. RESULTS Identity leadership was positively associated with PSNI (95% CI 0.11 to 0.30, p<0.001) in all countries. This, in turn, was related to more adherence to health-protective NPIs in all countries (95% CI 0.03 to 0.36, 0.001≤p≤0.017) except Israel (95% CI -0.03 to 0.27, p=0.119). In Germany, the more people saw Chancellor Merkel as engaging in identity leadership, the more they adhered to health-protective NPIs (95% CI 0.04 to 0.18, p=0.002). In the USA, in contrast, the more people perceived President Trump as engaging in identity leadership, the less they adhered to health-protective NPIs (95% CI -0.17 to -0.04, p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS National leaders can make a difference by promoting a sense of shared identity among their citizens because people are more inclined to follow health-protective NPIs to the extent that they feel part of a united 'us'. However, the content of identity leadership (perceptions of what it means to be a nation's citizen) is essential, because this can also encourage people to disregard such recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja B Frenzel
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Alexander Haslam
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nina M Junker
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aidos Bolatov
- Department of Biochemistry, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Valerie A Erkens
- Department of Social Psychology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jan A Häusser
- Department of Social Psychology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Ronit Kark
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Business School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ines Meyer
- School of Management Studies, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Andreas Mojzisch
- Psychology Department, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Lucas Monzani
- Ivey Business School, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen D Reicher
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Adil Samekin
- School of Liberal Arts, M Narikbayev KAZGUU University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Sebastian C Schuh
- Organisational Behaviour and Human Resource Management, China Europe International Business School, Shanghai, China
| | - Niklas K Steffens
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liliya Sultanova
- Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Branch in Tashkent, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Dina Van Dijk
- Department of Health Systems Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Llewellyn E van Zyl
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
- Department of Human Resource Management, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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14
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Abstract
The implications of telework are discussed controversially and research on its positive and negative effects has produced contradictory results. We explore voluntariness of employee telework as a boundary condition which may underpin these contradictory findings. Under normal circumstances, individuals who do more telework should perceive fewer disadvantages. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, employees could no longer voluntarily choose to telecommute, as many organizations were forced to introduce telework by governmental regulations. In two studies, we examine whether the voluntary nature of telework moderates the association between the amount of telework and perceptions of disadvantage. In Study 1, we collected data before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (N = 327). Results show that pre-pandemic participants (who were more likely to voluntarily choose this form of work) reported fewer disadvantages the more telework they did, but this was not the case for employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. To validate these findings, we measured employees' voluntariness of telework in Study 2 (N = 220). Results support the importance of voluntariness: Individuals who experience a high degree of voluntariness in choosing telework perceive fewer disadvantages the more they telework. However, the amount of telework was not related to reduced perceptions of disadvantages for those who experienced low voluntariness regarding the telecommuting arrangement. Our findings help to understand when telework is related to the perception of disadvantages and they can provide organizations with starting points for practical interventions to reduce the negative effects of telework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia J. Kaluza
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-W.-Adorno-Platz 6, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-W.-Adorno-Platz 6, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
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15
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Liang S, Lupina-Wegener A, Ullrich J, van Dick R. ‘Change is Our Continuity’: Chinese Managers’ Construction of Post-Merger Identification After an Acquisition in Europe. Journal of Change Management 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2021.1951812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Management and Engineering Vaud, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | - Anna Lupina-Wegener
- School of Management and Engineering Vaud, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Ullrich
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychology and Sports Sciences and Center for Leadership and Behavior in Organizations (CLBO), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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16
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March E, Grieve R, Clancy E, Klettke B, van Dick R, Hernandez Bark AS. The Role of Individual Differences in Cyber Dating Abuse Perpetration. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2021; 24:457-463. [PMID: 34264771 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2020.0687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing research interest in cyber dating abuse (CDA). CDA includes abusive online behavior toward a current or former intimate partner, such as aggression, control, harassment, and humiliation. Despite the potential overlap and reciprocal relationship of CDA and intimate partner violence, there remains considerable paucity in research exploring predictors of this abusive online behavior. In the current study, we adopt the General Aggression Model framework and explore the role of gender, hegemonic masculinity, vulnerable narcissism, and sexual aggression myths to predict perpetration of CDA. Participants (N = 415, 51 percent women; Mage = 32.68 years) were recruited via social media advertisements and completed an anonymous, confidential online questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised the Conformity to Masculine Roles Norms Inventory, the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale, the Acceptance of Modern Myths About Sexual Aggression Scale, and a modified Cyber Aggression in Relationships Scale. A hierarchical regression analysis indicated that hegemonic masculinity, vulnerable narcissism, and sexual aggression myths were all significant positive predictors of perpetrating CDA. As gender was a significant predictor until the inclusion of these variables, a multiple mediation analysis was performed, indicating that both hegemonic masculinity and sexual aggression myths fully mediated the relationship between gender and perpetrating CDA. These results add to the growing body of research exploring how CDA emerges as a behavior and highlight possible implications for management and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evita March
- School of Science, Psychology, and Sport, Federation University Australia, Berwick Campus, Australia
| | - Rachel Grieve
- University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay Campus, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - Bianca Klettke
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Rolf van Dick
- School of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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17
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Goldschmidt I, van Dick R, Jacobi C, Pfister ED, Baumann U. Identification of Impaired Executive Functioning after Pediatric Liver Transplantation Using Two Short and Easily Applicable Tests: Cognitive Functioning Module PedsQL and Children's Color Trail Test. Children (Basel) 2021; 8:children8070571. [PMID: 34356549 PMCID: PMC8303617 DOI: 10.3390/children8070571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess executive functioning in children after liver transplantation compared with healthy controls and in relation to real-life school performance using the PedsQLTM Cognitive Functioning Scale (CogPedsQL) and the Childrens’ Color Trail Test (CCTT). One hundred and fifty five children (78f, median age 10.4 (1.2–18.3) years) underwent testing with CogPedsQL and/or CCTT 4.9 (0.1–17.0) years after transplantation. Results were compared to those of 296 healthy children (165f, median age 10.0 (2.0–18.0) years). Liver transplanted children displayed significantly reduced scores for cogPedsQL and CCTT1&2 compared to healthy controls. Overall, school performance was lower in patients compared to controls. In both patients and controls, results of CCTT2 and CogPedsQL correlated strongly with school performance. In contrast to controls, school performance in patients correlated with the level of maternal but not paternal primary education degree (r = −0.21, p = 0.03). None of the patient CCTT or CogPedsQL test results correlated with parental school education. Conclusion: CogPedsQL and CCTT 1&2 were easily applicable in children after OLT and revealed reduced executive functioning compared to controls. Results reflect real life school performance. The association of parental education with school performance is reduced in transplanted children, which possibly indicates the overriding impact of transplant-associated morbidity on cognitive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imeke Goldschmidt
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (E.D.P.); (U.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-3233
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Christoph Jacobi
- Pediatric Pulmonology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Eva Doreen Pfister
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (E.D.P.); (U.B.)
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (E.D.P.); (U.B.)
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18
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Junker NM, van Dick R, Häusser JA, Ellwart T, Zyphur MJ. The I and We of Team Identification: A Multilevel Study of Exhaustion and (In)congruence Among Individuals and Teams in Team Identification. Group & Organization Management 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/10596011211004789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The social identity approach to stress proposes that the beneficial effects of social identification develop through individual and group processes, but few studies have addressed both levels simultaneously. Using a multilevel person–environment fit framework, we investigate the group-level relationship between team identification (TI) and exhaustion, the individual-level relationship for people within a group, and the cross-level moderation effect to test whether individual-level exhaustion depends on the level of (in)congruence in TI between individuals and their group as a whole. We test our hypotheses in a sample of 525 employees from 82 teams. Multilevel polynomial regression analysis revealed a negative linear relationship between individual-level identification and exhaustion. Surprisingly, the relation between group-level identification and exhaustion was curvilinear, indicating that group-level identification was more beneficial at low and high levels compared with medium levels. As predicted, the cross-level moderation of the individual-level relationship by group-level identification was also significant, showing that as individuals became more incongruent in a positive direction (i.e., they identified more strongly than the average team member), they reported less exhaustion, but only if the group-level identification was average or high. These results emphasize the benefits of analyzing TI in a multilevel framework, with both theoretical and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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19
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Kaluza AJ, Weber F, van Dick R, Junker NM. When and how health‐oriented leadership relates to employee well‐being—The role of expectations, self‐care, and LMX. J Appl Soc Psychol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Veer IM, Riepenhausen A, Zerban M, Wackerhagen C, Puhlmann LMC, Engen H, Köber G, Bögemann SA, Weermeijer J, Uściłko A, Mor N, Marciniak MA, Askelund AD, Al-Kamel A, Ayash S, Barsuola G, Bartkute-Norkuniene V, Battaglia S, Bobko Y, Bölte S, Cardone P, Chvojková E, Damnjanović K, De Calheiros Velozo J, de Thurah L, Deza-Araujo YI, Dimitrov A, Farkas K, Feller C, Gazea M, Gilan D, Gnjidić V, Hajduk M, Hiekkaranta AP, Hofgaard LS, Ilen L, Kasanova Z, Khanpour M, Lau BHP, Lenferink DB, Lindhardt TB, Magas DÁ, Mituniewicz J, Moreno-López L, Muzychka S, Ntafouli M, O’Leary A, Paparella I, Põldver N, Rintala A, Robak N, Rosická AM, Røysamb E, Sadeghi S, Schneider M, Siugzdaite R, Stantić M, Teixeira A, Todorovic A, Wan WWN, van Dick R, Lieb K, Kleim B, Hermans EJ, Kobylińska D, Hendler T, Binder H, Myin-Germeys I, van Leeuwen JMC, Tüscher O, Yuen KSL, Walter H, Kalisch R. Psycho-social factors associated with mental resilience in the Corona lockdown. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:67. [PMID: 33479211 PMCID: PMC7817958 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is not only a threat to physical health but is also having severe impacts on mental health. Although increases in stress-related symptomatology and other adverse psycho-social outcomes, as well as their most important risk factors have been described, hardly anything is known about potential protective factors. Resilience refers to the maintenance of mental health despite adversity. To gain mechanistic insights about the relationship between described psycho-social resilience factors and resilience specifically in the current crisis, we assessed resilience factors, exposure to Corona crisis-specific and general stressors, as well as internalizing symptoms in a cross-sectional online survey conducted in 24 languages during the most intense phase of the lockdown in Europe (22 March to 19 April) in a convenience sample of N = 15,970 adults. Resilience, as an outcome, was conceptualized as good mental health despite stressor exposure and measured as the inverse residual between actual and predicted symptom total score. Preregistered hypotheses (osf.io/r6btn) were tested with multiple regression models and mediation analyses. Results confirmed our primary hypothesis that positive appraisal style (PAS) is positively associated with resilience (p < 0.0001). The resilience factor PAS also partly mediated the positive association between perceived social support and resilience, and its association with resilience was in turn partly mediated by the ability to easily recover from stress (both p < 0.0001). In comparison with other resilience factors, good stress response recovery and positive appraisal specifically of the consequences of the Corona crisis were the strongest factors. Preregistered exploratory subgroup analyses (osf.io/thka9) showed that all tested resilience factors generalize across major socio-demographic categories. This research identifies modifiable protective factors that can be targeted by public mental health efforts in this and in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya M. Veer
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Riepenhausen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Zerban
- grid.410607.4Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lara M. C. Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Research Group Social Stress and Family Health, Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Haakon Engen
- grid.410607.4Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Göran Köber
- grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sophie A. Bögemann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Weermeijer
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Uściłko
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Netali Mor
- grid.413449.f0000 0001 0518 6922Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sagol Brain Institute Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel ,grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marta A. Marciniak
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Dahl Askelund
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Abbas Al-Kamel
- grid.33236.370000000106929556University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sarah Ayash
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Giulia Barsuola
- grid.5335.00000000121885934MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vaida Bartkute-Norkuniene
- grid.466222.60000 0004 0382 1349Faculty of Business and Technologies at Utena University of Applied Sciences, Utena, Lithuania
| | - Simone Battaglia
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yaryna Bobko
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Economics and Human Sciences, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sven Bölte
- grid.467087.a0000 0004 0442 1056Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.467087.a0000 0004 0442 1056Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.1032.00000 0004 0375 4078Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Paolo Cardone
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Edita Chvojková
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kaja Damnjanović
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Joana De Calheiros Velozo
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lena de Thurah
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yacila I. Deza-Araujo
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Laboratory for Behavioral Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Annika Dimitrov
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kinga Farkas
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.6759.d0000 0001 2180 0451Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Clémence Feller
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mary Gazea
- grid.424223.1Concentris Research Management GmbH, Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany
| | - Donya Gilan
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vedrana Gnjidić
- grid.4808.40000 0001 0657 4636Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michal Hajduk
- grid.7634.60000000109409708Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ,grid.7634.60000000109409708Center for Psychiatric Disorders Research, University in Bratislava, Science Park Comenius, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ,grid.7634.60000000109409708Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Anu P. Hiekkaranta
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Live S. Hofgaard
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Ilen
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zuzana Kasanova
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Leuven Research and Development, Spin-off and Innovation Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohsen Khanpour
- grid.46072.370000 0004 0612 7950University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bobo Hi Po Lau
- grid.445012.60000 0001 0643 7658Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dionne B. Lenferink
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas B. Lindhardt
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN) and MINDLab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Århus University, Århus, Denmark
| | - Dávid Á. Magas
- grid.6759.d0000 0001 2180 0451Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julian Mituniewicz
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Laura Moreno-López
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sofiia Muzychka
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Economics and Human Sciences, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Ntafouli
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800Sleep Research Unit, First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aet O’Leary
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany ,grid.10939.320000 0001 0943 7661Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ilenia Paparella
- grid.465537.6Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Lyon, France
| | - Nele Põldver
- grid.10939.320000 0001 0943 7661Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aki Rintala
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.508322.eFaculty of Social Services and Health Care, LAB University of Applied Sciences, Lahti, Finland
| | - Natalia Robak
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290College of Inter-faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M. Rosická
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Social Studies, Department of Psychology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Espen Røysamb
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siavash Sadeghi
- grid.5802.f0000 0001 1941 7111Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maude Schneider
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roma Siugzdaite
- grid.5335.00000000121885934MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Mirta Stantić
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ana Teixeira
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Todorovic
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wendy W. N. Wan
- grid.265231.10000 0004 0532 1428Department of International Business, Tunghai University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Rolf van Dick
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Birgit Kleim
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erno J. Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorota Kobylińska
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Talma Hendler
- grid.413449.f0000 0001 0518 6922Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sagol Brain Institute Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel ,grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel ,grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546School of Psychological Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel ,grid.12136.370000 0004 1937 0546Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Harald Binder
- grid.5963.9Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Judith M. C. van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kenneth S. L. Yuen
- grid.410607.4Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany ,Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany.
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21
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Avanzi L, Perinelli E, Bressan M, Balducci C, Lombardi L, Fraccaroli F, van Dick R. The mediational effect of social support between organizational identification and employees' health: a three-wave study on the social cure model. Anxiety Stress Coping 2021; 34:465-478. [PMID: 33403860 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2020.1868443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research postulated that organizational identification plays an important role in employees' health and well-being. Building on the Social Identity Approach as a framework, we test the so-called social cure hypothesis, according to which group-based processes of social support should reduce employees' psychological distress. DESIGN AND METHODS While there is a considerable amount of cross-sectional evidence concerning the positive role played by organizational identification in this dynamic, there is a lack of full panel studies. This study tries to fill this gap by using data from a sample of technical and administrative staff of a University in Italy at three time points (N = 96). Data were analyzed using Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Panel models. RESULTS We found support for the hypothesized longitudinal mediational model. Specifically, strongly identified employees tend to receive more social support, and this in turn reduces psychological distress over time. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first test of the social cure hypothesis in an organizational context that uses a panel study design. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications for management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Avanzi
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy
| | - Enrico Perinelli
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy
| | - Marco Bressan
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, LPC, Marseille, France
| | | | - Luigi Lombardi
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy
| | - Franco Fraccaroli
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
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22
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Lupina-Wegener AA, Liang S, van Dick R, Ullrich J. Multiple organizational identities and change in ambivalence: the case of a Chinese acquisition in Europe. JOCM 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/jocm-08-2019-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeBuilding on social identity theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine how European managers construct their multiple identities after being acquired by a Chinese firm and to determine the key factors contributing to the changing dynamics of multiple organizational identities.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a qualitative, single case study of a Chinese acquisition of a European manufacturing firm at two points in time.FindingsWe find that multiple identities initially trigger ambivalence toward the acquisition, but over time, the ambivalence diminishes. The reduction of ambivalence results from concurrent integration and separation: a newly constructed boundary spanning the organization separates positive identities from negative ones, and integration interventions foster the development of a new, shared identity.Originality/valueThe findings reveal that organizational identity change is facilitated by the aligning of a post-merger identity with the acquired organization's historical identity and by creating an ambivalent boundary spanning identity.
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23
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Tuschen-Caffier B, Engel J, Koch S, Kollei T, Bröder A, Greve W, Koch I, Krahé B, Kunde W, Möller J, Rief W, Schmitt M, Strauß B, Dick RV, Wolf OT. Bericht des Fachkollegiums Psychologie in der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). Psychologische Rundschau 2020. [DOI: 10.1026/0033-3042/a000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Engel
- Geschäftsstelle der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn
| | - Stefan Koch
- Geschäftsstelle der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn
| | - Tanja Kollei
- Geschäftsstelle der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn
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24
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Kaluza AJ, Boer D, Buengeler C, van Dick R. Leadership behaviour and leader self-reported well-being: A review, integration and meta-analytic examination. Work & Stress 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2019.1617369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia J. Kaluza
- Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Diana Boer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany
| | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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25
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Kunzler AM, Chmitorz A, Bagusat C, Kaluza AJ, Hoffmann I, Schäfer M, Quiring O, Rigotti T, Kalisch R, Tüscher O, Franke AG, van Dick R, Lieb K. Construct Validity and Population-Based Norms of the German Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Eur J Health Psychol 2018; 25:107-117. [PMID: 32671321 PMCID: PMC7357822 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) measures the ability to
recover from stress. To provide further evidence for construct validity of the
German BRS and to determine population-based norms, a large sample
(N = 1,128) representative of the German
adult population completed a survey including the BRS and instruments measuring
perceived stress and the resilience factors optimism, self-efficacy, and locus
of control. Confirmatory factor analyses showed best model fit for a five-factor
model differentiating the ability to recover from stress from the three
resilience factors. On the basis of latent and manifest correlations, convergent
and discriminant validity of the BRS were fair to good. Female sex, older age,
lower weekly working time, higher perceived stress, lower optimism, and
self-efficacy as well as higher external locus of control predicted lower BRS
scores, that is, lower ability to recover from stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Kunzler
- Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) Mainz, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Chmitorz
- Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) Mainz, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Christiana Bagusat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Antonia J Kaluza
- Department of Social Psychology, Institute for Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Isabell Hoffmann
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Schäfer
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Quiring
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Rigotti
- Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) Mainz, Germany.,Department of Work, Organizational, and Business Psychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) Mainz, Germany.,Neuroimaging Center Mainz (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) Mainz, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Social Psychology, Institute for Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) Mainz, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
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26
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van Dick R, Fink L, Steffens NK, Peters K, Haslam SA. Attributions of leaders’ charisma increase after their death: The mediating role of identity leadership and identity fusion. Leadership 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1742715018807042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kim Peters
- University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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27
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van Dick R, Ciampa V, Liang S. Shared identity in organizational stress and change. Curr Opin Psychol 2018; 23:20-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Ciampa V, Steffens NK, Schuh SC, Fraccaroli F, van Dick R. Identity and stress: an application of the expanded model of organisational identification in predicting strain at work. Work & Stress 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2018.1521884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ciampa
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Sebastian C. Schuh
- Department of Organizational Behavior, China Europe International Business School (CEIBS), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Franco Fraccaroli
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Psychology and Center for Leadership and Behavior in Organizations, Goethe University Frankfurt and Work Research Institute (AFI), Oslo, Norway
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Maria Bracht
- Institute of Psychology; Goethe University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
| | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Psychology; Goethe University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
- Work Research Institute (AFI); Oslo Norway
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30
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Zwettler C, Reiss N, Rohrmann S, Warnecke I, Luka-Krausgrill U, van Dick R. The relation between social identity and test anxiety in university students. Health Psychol Open 2018; 5:2055102918785415. [PMID: 30083369 PMCID: PMC6069033 DOI: 10.1177/2055102918785415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Social identification has been shown to be a protective resource for mental health. In this study, the relationships between social identification and emotional, as well as cognitive symptoms of test anxiety are investigated. Participants were university students diagnosed with test anxiety (N = 108). They completed questionnaires regarding a range of psychopathologic stress symptoms, and their social identification with fellow students and with their study program. Results reveal negative relations between social identification and almost all investigated emotional and cognitive symptoms of test anxiety. Based on this study, interventions could be developed that strengthen the social identity of university students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Goethe University, Germany.,Work Research Institute (AFI), Norway
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31
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Kauff M, Stegmann S, van Dick R, Beierlein C, Christ O. Measuring beliefs in the instrumentality of ethnic diversity: Development and validation of the Pro-Diversity Beliefs Scale (PDBS). Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1368430218767025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In general, diversity beliefs are beliefs about the instrumentality of diversity for the functioning of groups. Focusing on a societal level, recent social-psychological research addressed pro-diversity beliefs as individuals’ beliefs that diversity is beneficial for the progress of society. Despite the growing interest in societal pro-diversity beliefs, no systematically validated scale measuring pro-diversity beliefs is available to date. We addressed this shortcoming and studied the reliability and validity of the newly developed Pro-Diversity Beliefs Scale (PDBS) across four samples. Results indicate that the PDBS is reliable, adequately distinct from related and established scales, and valid in predicting external criteria such as outgroup attitudes or intergroup threat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
- Work Research Institute (AFI) Oslo, Norway
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32
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van Dick R, Lemoine JE, Steffens NK, Kerschreiter R, Akfirat SA, Avanzi L, Dumont K, Epitropaki O, Fransen K, Giessner S, González R, Kark R, Lipponen J, Markovits Y, Monzani L, Orosz G, Pandey D, Roland-Lévy C, Schuh S, Sekiguchi T, Song LJ, Stouten J, Tatachari S, Valdenegro D, van Bunderen L, Vörös V, Wong SI, Zhang XA, Haslam SA. Identity leadership going global: Validation of the Identity Leadership Inventory across 20 countries. J Occup Organ Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf van Dick
- Goethe University Frankfurt; Germany
- AFI; Oslo Norway
| | - Jérémy E. Lemoine
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne; France
- ESCP Europe Business School; London UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Kitty Dumont
- University of South Africa; Johannesburg South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sebastian Schuh
- China Europe International Business School (CEIBS); Shanghai China
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Baethge
- Work, Organizational, and Business Psychology, Psychological Institute, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tim Vahle-Hinz
- Occupational Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Schulte-Braucks
- Department of Business Education and Management, Faculty of Law, Management, and Economics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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34
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Schuh SC, Zhang XA, Morgeson FP, Tian P, van Dick R. Are you really doing good things in your boss's eyes? Interactive effects of employee innovative work behavior and leader-member exchange on supervisory performance ratings. Hum Resour Manage 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hrm.21851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peng Tian
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
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35
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Steffens NK, Peters K, Haslam SA, van Dick R. Dying for charisma: Leaders' inspirational appeal increases post-mortem. The Leadership Quarterly 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Wenzler S, Hagen M, Tarvainen MP, Hilke M, Ghirmai N, Huthmacher AC, Trettin M, van Dick R, Reif A, Oertel-Knöchel V. Intensified emotion perception in depression: Differences in physiological arousal and subjective perceptions. Psychiatry Res 2017; 253:303-310. [PMID: 28412613 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
People suffering from depression perceive themselves and their surroundings as more negative than healthy ones. An explanation might be that depressed individuals experience negative information as more stressful than non-depressed subjects and, consequently, respond in an amplified manner on a subjective and physiological level. To test this proposition, we presented 41 patients with recurrent depressive episodes and 42 controls with stimuli from the International Affective Picture System split into three valence categories while different parameters of physiological arousal (e.g., heart rate variability) and subjective perceptions of valence and arousal were assessed. Furthermore, we examined social skills and emotional competence. Results regarding physiological arousal revealed an elevated skin temperature and a more accentuated respiratory frequency in depressed subjects. Furthermore, depressed subjects rated the stimuli as more negative and arousing, which was associated with reduced social and emotional competence. Variation in antidepressant medication, menstrual cycle and other factors that have an impact on HRV are a potential bias. Our findings suggest an intensified perception of negative emotion in depressed individuals as compared to controls that manifests itself in an increased physiological arousal as well as on a subjective level. This intensified emotion perception is further associated with deficits in social and emotional competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Wenzler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Marleen Hagen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Mika P Tarvainen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marietheres Hilke
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Naddy Ghirmai
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Ann-Caitlin Huthmacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Marco Trettin
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Dept. of Social Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Viola Oertel-Knöchel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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37
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Braun S, Stegmann S, Hernandez Bark AS, Junker NM, van Dick R. Think manager-think male, think follower-think female: Gender bias in implicit followership theories. J Appl Soc Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Psychology, Goethe University
- Work Research Institute (AFI)
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38
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Tuschen-Caffier B, Koch S, Dick RV, Hannover B, Koch I, Krahé B, Kunde W, Möller J, Rief W, Röder B, Schmitt M, Strauß B, Wolf OT. Kommentar des Fachkollegiums Psychologie und der Geschäftsstelle der DFG zu den Empfehlungen des DGPs-Vorstands zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten. Psychologische Rundschau 2017. [DOI: 10.1026/0033-3042/a000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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39
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Monzani L, Braun S, van Dick R. It takes two to tango: The interactive effect of authentic leadership and organizational identification on employee silence intentions. German Journal of Human Resource Management 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/2397002216649896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Organizational silence is a state of affairs in which employees refrain from voicing problematic issues at work. It often results from the dilemma between considering the short-term interests of the leader, who might perceive voicing problems as disloyal, and the long-term interests of the organization, which might suffer severe costs because of silence. In this article we propose a theoretical model that bridges authentic leadership and organizational identification to test their joint effect on organizational silence responses (exit, loyalty and neglect). Based on previous work, we hypothesized that authentic leadership is positively related to employees’ loyalty (a passive yet constructive response). However, in dilemmatic situations this effect should be buffered by a high organizational identification (as a result of conflicting loyalties). Similarly, in such situations, we predicted that the influence of authentic leadership on employees’ destructive responses may be counter-productive if not matched with a high organizational identification. We tested our proposed model with an online vignette study that involved 458 employees from German-speaking countries from diverse work sectors. We used a realistic scenario comprising a dilemmatic situation, in which a decision between voice and silence had to be made. Our results partially support the hypotheses. Implications for management and future research directions are discussed.
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Wagner U, van Dick R, Pettigrew TF, Christ O. Ethnic Prejudice in East and West Germany: The Explanatory Power of Intergroup Contact. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1368430203006001010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Surveys show that respondents from East Germany consistently show higher levels of ethnic prejudice than respondents from West Germany. Comparable differences can be found in statistics on crimes and violence against ethnic minority members. On the basis of three surveys (ALLBUS, 1996, N = 2893; Shell Youth Study (Deutsche Shell), 2000, N = 3560; and our own survey of school students, N = 769), the hypothesis that this difference can be largely explained by contrasting interethnic contact opportunities and experiences is tested and supported. Demographic data show that living in the Eastern or Western part of Germany offers differential opportunities for contact with foreigners. Structural equation analyses reveal that this difference, in turn, influences the number of foreigners in the neighborhood or classroom. As a consequence of these varying opportunities for contact, respondents report marked differences in more intimate and personal contact—such as having foreign friends or experiencing contact of personal importance. Foreign friends and importance of contact proved to be the relevant proximal contact variables that reduce ethnic prejudice. Beyond the German context, these results point to a more inclusive model of intergroup relations.
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Markovits Y, Davis AJ, van Dick R. Organizational Commitment Profiles and Job Satisfaction among Greek Private and Public Sector Employees. Int'l Jnl of Cross Cultural Management 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1470595807075180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent research into organizational commitment has advocated a profiles-based approach. However, with the exception of Wasti, published findings are confined to North American samples. This article examines the relationships between organizational commitment profiles and job satisfaction in Greece. Greek organizations have rarely been the subject of detailed examination, so the study provides baseline information regarding levels of organizational commitment and job satisfaction in Greece. Both private sector ( N = 1119) and public sector ( N = 476) employees in Greece were surveyed, as this sectoral distinction is regularly associated with different patterns of job-related attitudes. The contrasts between Greek and Anglo-American values present a new challenge to the profiles approach. The results confirm the utility of the profiles approach to the study of organizational commitment. Affective organizational commitment was found to be most influential with respect to levels of intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction. This concurs with other studies of the behavioural outcomes of commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Steffens NK, Haslam SA, Schuh SC, Jetten J, van Dick R. A Meta-Analytic Review of Social Identification and Health in Organizational Contexts. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 2016; 21:303-335. [DOI: 10.1177/1088868316656701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We provide a meta-analytical review examining two decades of work on the relationship between individuals’ social identifications and health in organizations (102 effect sizes, k = 58, N = 19,799). Results reveal a mean-weighted positive association between organizational identification and health ( r = .21, T = .14). Analysis identified a positive relationship for both workgroup ( r = .21) and organizational identification ( r = .21), and in studies using longitudinal/experimental ( r = .13) and cross-sectional designs ( r = .22). The relationship is stronger (a) for indicators of the presence of well-being ( r = .27) than absence of stress ( r = .18), (b) for psychological ( r = .23) than physical health ( r = .16), (c) to the extent that identification is shared among group members, and (d) as the proportion of female participants in a sample decreases. Overall, results indicate that social identifications in organizations are positively associated with health but that there is also substantial variation in effect size strength. We discuss implications for theory and practice and outline a roadmap for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Work Research Institute (AFI), Oslo, Norway
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43
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Wenzler S, Levine S, van Dick R, Oertel-Knöchel V, Aviezer H. Beyond pleasure and pain: Facial expression ambiguity in adults and children during intense situations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 16:807-14. [PMID: 27337681 DOI: 10.1037/emo0000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
According to psychological models as well as common intuition, intense positive and negative situations evoke highly distinct emotional expressions. Nevertheless, recent work has shown that when judging isolated faces, the affective valence of winning and losing professional tennis players is hard to differentiate. However, expressions produced by professional athletes during publicly broadcasted sports events may be strategically controlled. To shed light on this matter we examined if ordinary people's spontaneous facial expressions evoked during highly intense situations are diagnostic for the situational valence. In Experiment 1 we compared reactions with highly intense positive situations (surprise soldier reunions) versus highly intense negative situations (terror attacks). In Experiment 2, we turned to children and compared facial reactions with highly positive situations (e.g., a child receiving a surprise trip to Disneyland) versus highly negative situations (e.g., a child discovering her parents ate up all her Halloween candy). The results demonstrate that facial expressions of both adults and children are often not diagnostic for the valence of the situation. These findings demonstrate the ambiguity of extreme facial expressions and highlight the importance of context in everyday emotion perception. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Wenzler
- Department of Psychiatry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt
| | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychiatry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt
| | | | - Hillel Aviezer
- Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
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van Dick R, Drzensky F, Heinz M. Goodbye or Identify: Detrimental Effects of Downsizing on Identification and Survivor Performance. Front Psychol 2016; 7:771. [PMID: 27252674 PMCID: PMC4879335 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research shows that after layoffs, employees often report decreased commitment and performance which has been coined the survivor syndrome. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain underexplored. The purpose of the paper is to show that reduced organizational identification can serve as an explanation for the survivor syndrome. We conducted a laboratory experiment, in which participants work as a group of employees for another participant who acts as employer. In the course of the experiment, the employer decides whether one of his or her employees should be laid off or not. Mediation analysis supports a social identity-based explanation for the emergence of the survivor syndrome: downsizing causes lower identification with the employer which in turn relates to lower performance of employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychology and Center for Leadership and Behavior in Organizations, Goethe UniversityFrankfurt, Germany; Work Research InstituteOslo, Norway
| | | | - Matthias Heinz
- Department of Economics, University of Cologne Cologne, Germany
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Ketturat C, Frisch JU, Ullrich J, Häusser JA, van Dick R, Mojzisch A. Disaggregating Within- and Between-Person Effects of Social Identification on Subjective and Endocrinological Stress Reactions in a Real-Life Stress Situation. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2015; 42:147-60. [PMID: 26586666 DOI: 10.1177/0146167215616804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several experimental and cross-sectional studies have established the stress-buffering effect of social identification, yet few longitudinal studies have been conducted within this area of research. This study is the first to make use of a multilevel approach to disaggregate between- and within-person effects of social identification on subjective and endocrinological stress reactions. Specifically, we conducted a study with 85 prospective students during their 1-day aptitude test for a university sports program. Ad hoc groups were formed, in which students completed several tests in various disciplines together. At four points in time, salivary cortisol, subjective strain, and identification with their group were measured. Results of multilevel analyses show a significant within-person effect of social identification: The more students identified with their group, the less stress they experienced and the lower their cortisol response was. Between-person effects were not significant. Advantages of using multilevel approaches within this field of research are discussed.
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Frisch JU, Häusser JA, van Dick R, Mojzisch A. The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test. J Vis Exp 2015. [PMID: 26649856 DOI: 10.3791/53101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In many situations humans are influenced by the behavior of other people and their relationships with them. For example, in stressful situations supportive behavior of other people as well as positive social relationships can act as powerful resources to cope with stress. In order to study the interplay between these variables, this protocol describes two effective experimental manipulations of social relationships and supportive behavior in the laboratory. In the present article, these two manipulations are implemented in the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST)-a standard stress induction paradigm in which participants are subjected to a simulated job interview. More precisely, we propose (a) a manipulation of the relationship between different protagonists in the TSST by making a shared social identity salient and (b) a manipulation of the behavior of the TSST-selection committee, which acts either supportively or unsupportively. These two experimental manipulations are designed in a modular fashion and can be applied independently of each other but can also be combined. Moreover, these two manipulations can also be integrated into other stress protocols and into other standardized social interactions such as trust games, negotiation tasks, or other group tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychology and Sports Science and Center for Leadership and Behavior in Organizations, Goethe-University Frankfurt
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47
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Tavares SM, van Knippenberg D, van Dick R. Organizational identification and “currencies of exchange”: integrating social identity and social exchange perspectives. J Appl Soc Psychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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49
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Steffens NK, Schuh SC, Haslam SA, Pérez A, van Dick R. ‘Of the group’ and ‘for the group’: How followership is shaped by leaders' prototypicality and group identification. Eur J Soc Psychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Antonia Pérez
- Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Psychology Department; Goethe University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
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50
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Avanzi L, Schuh SC, Fraccaroli F, van Dick R. Why does organizational identification relate to reduced employee burnout? The mediating influence of social support and collective efficacy. Work & Stress 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2015.1004225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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