1
|
Chiang YR, Lin HT, Chang CW, Lin SM, Lin JHY. Dynamic expression of cathepsin L in the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) gut during Escherichia coli challenge. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298338. [PMID: 38451906 PMCID: PMC10919656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, has the potential to serve as a valuable resource for waste bioconversion due to the ability of the larvae to thrive in a microbial-rich environment. Being an ecological decomposer, the survival of BSF larvae (BSFL) relies on developing an efficient defense system. Cathepsin L (CTSL) is a cysteine protease that plays roles in physiological and pathological processes. In this study, the full-length of CTSL was obtained from BSF. The 1,020-bp open reading frame encoded a preprotein of 339 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 32 kDa. The pro-domain contained the conserved ERFNIN, GNYD, and GCNGG motifs, which are all characteristic of CTSL. Homology revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence of BSF CTSL shared 74.22-72.99% identity with Diptera flies. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis showed the CTSL was predominantly localized in the gut, especially in the midgut. The mRNA expression of CTSL in different larval stages was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), which revealed that CTSL was expressed in the second to sixth instar, with the highest expression in the fifth instar. Following an immune challenge in vivo using Escherichia coli (E. coli), CTSL mRNA was significantly up-regulated at 6 h post-stimulation. The Z-Phe-Arg-AMC was gradually cleaved by the BSFL extract after 3 h post-stimulation. These results shed light on the potential role of CTSL in the defense mechanism that helps BSFL to survive against pathogens in a microbial-rich environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ru Chiang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Tso Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wei Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - John Han-You Lin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang LK, Huang YC, Chen PC, Lee CH, Lin SM, Hsu YHH, Pan RL. Exploration of the Catalytic Cycle Dynamics of Vigna Radiata H +-Translocating Pyrophosphatases Through Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry. J Membr Biol 2023; 256:443-458. [PMID: 37955797 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-023-00295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Vigna radiata H+-translocating pyrophosphatases (VrH+-PPases, EC 3.6.1.1) are present in various endomembranes of plants, bacteria, archaea, and certain protozoa. They transport H+ into the lumen by hydrolyzing pyrophosphate, which is a by-product of many essential anabolic reactions. Although the crystal structure of H+-PPases has been elucidated, the H+ translocation mechanism of H+-PPases in the solution state remains unclear. In this study, we used hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) to investigate the dynamics of H+-PPases between the previously proposed R state (resting state, Apo form), I state (intermediate state, bound to a substrate analog), and T state (transient state, bound to inorganic phosphate). When hydrogen was replaced by proteins in deuterium oxide solution, the backbone hydrogen atoms, which were exchanged with deuterium, were identified through MS. Accordingly, we used deuterium uptake to examine the structural dynamics and conformational changes of H+-PPases in solution. In the highly conserved substrate binding and proton exit regions, HDX-MS revealed the existence of a compact conformation with deuterium exchange when H+-PPases were bound with a substrate analog and product. Thus, a novel working model was developed to elucidate the in situ catalytic mechanism of pyrophosphate hydrolysis and proton transport. In this model, a proton is released in the I state, and the TM5 inner wall serves as a proton piston.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No.101, Sec. 2, Kuangfu Rd., Hsinchu City, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Cyuan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No.1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 40704, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pin-Chuan Chen
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No.101, Sec. 2, Kuangfu Rd., Hsinchu City, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Hung Lee
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No.101, Sec. 2, Kuangfu Rd., Hsinchu City, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Hao Howard Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No.1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 40704, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Rong-Long Pan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No.101, Sec. 2, Kuangfu Rd., Hsinchu City, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chiu YC, Yeh MC, Wang CH, Chen YA, Chang H, Lin HY, Ho MC, Lin SM. Structural basis for calcium-stimulating pore formation of Vibrio α-hemolysin. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5946. [PMID: 37741869 PMCID: PMC10517994 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41579-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio α-hemolysins (αHLs) are β-pore-forming toxins secreted by Vibrio pathogens, crucial for the facilitation of bacterial infections through host cell lysis. These toxins are produced as inactive precursors, requiring proteolytic maturation and membrane association for activation within host tissues. Here, we investigate Vibrio campbellii αHL (VcαHL), and establish that its hemolytic activity is significantly stimulated by calcium ions, with an EC50 that aligns with physiological calcium concentrations. Furthermore, we illustrate the vital contribution of calcium ions to the oligomerization of VcαHL on membranes. Using X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, we decipher both the immature and assembled structures of VcαHL and elucidate the conformational changes corresponding to toxin assembly. We also identify a calcium-binding module that is integral for VcαHL's calcium-dependent activation. These findings provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of VcαHL and have the potential to inform the development of targeted therapeutic strategies against Vibrio infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chi Yeh
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiung Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-You Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chiao Ho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lai MC, Cheng HY, Lew SH, Chen YA, Yu CH, Lin HY, Lin SM. Crystal structures of dimeric and heptameric mtHsp60 reveal the mechanism of chaperonin inactivation. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201753. [PMID: 36973006 PMCID: PMC10053435 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Hsp60 (mtHsp60) plays a crucial role in maintaining the proper folding of proteins in the mitochondria. mtHsp60 self-assembles into a ring-shaped heptamer, which can further form a double-ring tetradecamer in the presence of ATP and mtHsp10. However, mtHsp60 tends to dissociate in vitro, unlike its prokaryotic homologue, GroEL. The molecular structure of dissociated mtHsp60 and the mechanism behind its dissociation remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that Epinephelus coioides mtHsp60 (EcHsp60) can form a dimeric structure with inactive ATPase activity. The crystal structure of this dimer reveals symmetrical subunit interactions and a rearranged equatorial domain. The α4 helix of each subunit extends and interacts with its adjacent subunit, leading to the disruption of the ATP-binding pocket. Furthermore, an RLK motif in the apical domain contributes to stabilizing the dimeric complex. These structural and biochemical findings provide new insights into the conformational transitions and functional regulation of this ancient chaperonin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Cheng Lai
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yu Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Hong Lew
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-You Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsai DM, Chang CY, Lin SM, Kuo TC, Wang SY, Chen GY, Kuo CH, Tseng YJ. MetaMOPE: a web service for mobile phase determination and fast chromatography peaks evaluation for metabolomics. Bioinform Adv 2023; 3:vbad061. [PMID: 37234699 PMCID: PMC10206287 DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Motivation Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is widely used in metabolomics studies, while HILIC LC-MS is particularly suited for polar metabolites. Determining an optimized mobile phase and developing a proper liquid chromatography method tend to be laborious, time-consuming and empirical. Results We developed a containerized web tool providing a workflow to quickly determine the optimized mobile phase by batch-evaluating chromatography peaks for metabolomics LC-MS studies. A mass chromatographic quality value, an asymmetric factor, and the local maximum intensity of the extracted ion chromatogram were calculated to determine the number of peaks and peak retention time. The optimal mobile phase can be quickly determined by selecting the mobile phase that produces the largest number of resolved peaks. Moreover, the workflow enables one to automatically process the repeats by evaluating chromatography peaks and determining the retention time of large standards. This workflow was validated with 20 chemical standards and successfully constructed a reference library of 571 metabolites for the HILIC LC-MS platform. Availability and implementation MetaMOPE is freely available at https://metamope.cmdm.tw. Source code and installation instructions are available on GitHub: https://github.com/CMDM-Lab/MetaMOPE. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
- The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Chueh Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
- The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Wang
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yuan Chen
- Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Kuo
- The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin SM, Lee HY, Hu HL, Chien KH. To join the rebuild or not? An exploration of the factors influencing the public's intention to participate in urban renewal. Sci Prog 2022; 105:368504221140273. [PMID: 36444484 PMCID: PMC10450478 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221140273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of trust in the builder and indeterminate benefits, it is a struggle for people in Taiwan to make up their minds to participate in urban renewal. This leads to the completion rate of urban renewal of fewer than one ten-thousandth of the new construction needed. This study investigated the perspective on the research variables for people in Taiwan and how those influence their intention to participate in urban renewal. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior, the research framework is designed with the trust of urban renewal project builders and the perceived benefits of public participation as the independent variables. Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are the mediating variables, and the general public's intention to participate in urban renewal is the dependent variable. A total of 545 valid questionnaires were collected through the survey. The results showed that the respondents' trust in the builder of the urban renewal project positively and significantly influenced their perceived benefits of the project, and the respondents' trust in the builder significantly influenced their subjective norms. The perceived benefits positively and significantly affected their attitudes and subjective norms, and people's attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control positively and significantly affected their intention to participate in urban renewal. People's perceived benefits in urban renewal projects affected their participation intention through attitudes and subjective norms. The variable perceived benefits most strongly influenced people's intention to participate in urban renewal in this study. This study provides practical suggestions for the government and builders to increase people's intention to participate in urban renewal. This study modeled two independent variables, trust in the builder and perceived benefits, under the urban renewal context in Taiwan. In future works, other factors could be included, such as tax incentives, floor area rewards, and fair appraisal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yun Lee
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Hu
- Quantitative Analysis and Research Association, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Huang Chien
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lin SM, Apolinário D, Vieira Gomes GC, Cassales Tosi F, Magaldi RM, Busse AL, Gil G, Ribeiro E, Satomi E, Aprahamian I, Filho WJ, Suemoto CK. Association of Cognitive Performance with Frailty in Older Individuals with Cognitive Complaints. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:89-95. [PMID: 35067709 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Frailty is a risk factor for poor cognitive performance in older adults. However, few studies have evaluated the association of cognitive performance with frailty in a low- to middle-income country (LMIC). This study aimed to investigate an association between cognitive performance and frailty in older adults with memory complaints in Brazil. Secondarily, we aim to assess an association of cognitive performance with gait speed and grip strength. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Outpatient service from a LMIC. PARTICIPANTS Older adults with memory complaints reported by the participants, their proxies, or their physicians. MEASUREMENTS Frailty was evaluated using the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. A neuropsychological battery evaluated memory, attention, language, visuospatial function, executive function. Linear regression analysis with adjustment for age, sex, and education was used. We also evaluated the interaction of education with frailty, grip strength, and gait speed. RESULTS Prefrailty was associated with poor performance in the memory domain, as well as slower gait speed was associated with worse performance in memory, attention, language, and executive function. Frailty and grip strength were not associated with cognitive performance. Interactions of education with gait speed were significant for global performance, as well as for attention and visuospatial ability. CONCLUSION In elderly patients with memory complaints, prefrailty was associated with poor memory performance. Slowness was associated with poorer performance in some cognitive domains, mainly in participants with low education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Lin
- Claudia K. Suemoto, Division of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Doutor Arnaldo, 455, room 1353, São Paulo, Brazil., Phone number: +551130618725, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin SM, Wang XJ, Huang SH, Xu ZB, Huang Y, Lu XR, Xu DB, Chi P. [Construction of artificial neural network model for predicting the efficacy of first-line FOLFOX chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2021; 43:202-206. [PMID: 33601485 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200419-00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore and establish an artificial neural network (ANN) model for predicting the efficacy of first-line FOLFOX chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: A set of FOLFOX chemotherapy data from a group of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) (GSE104645) was downloaded from the GEO database as a training set. According to the FOLFOX protocol, the efficacy was divided into two groups: the chemo-sensitive group (including complete response and partial response) and the chemo-resistant group (including stable disease and progressive disease), including 31 cases in the sensitive group and 23 in the resistant group. Then, chip data (accessible number: GSE69657) from Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were chosen as a test set. A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study, including 13 in the sensitive group and 17 in the resistant group. The batch effect correction was performed on the expression values of the two sets of matrices using the R 3.5.1 software Combat package. The gene expression difference of sensitive and resistant group in GSE104645 was analyzed by the GEO2R platform. P<0.05 and the absolute value of log(2)FC>0.33 (FC abbreviation of fold change) were used as the threshold value to screen the drug resistance and sensitive genes of the FOLFOX regimen. An ANN was constructed using the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to perform the FOLFOX regimen on the GSE104645 dataset. The GSE69657 expression matrix and clinical efficacy parameters were then used for retrospective verification. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were used to evaluate the test results and predictive power. Results: A total of 2, 076 differentially expressed genes in GSE104645 were selected, of which 822 genes were up-regulated and 1, 254 genes were down-regulated in the chemo-resistance group. The down-regulated genes were sensitive genes. GO analysis of the biological processes in which the differentially expressed genes were involved, revealed that they were mainly involved in the regulation of substance metabolism. A total of 39 genes were included in the final model construction. This was a neural network model with two hidden layers. The accuracy of predicting training samples and test samples was 75.7% and 76.5%, respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.875. The chip data set of our department (GSE69657) was set as the test set, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.778. Conclusions: In this study, an artificial neural network model is successfully constructed to predict the efficacy of first-line FOLFOX regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer based on the microarray, and an independent external verification is also conducted. The model has good stability and well prediction efficiency. Besides, the results of this study suggest that the gene functions related to oxaliplatin resistance are mainly enriched in the regulation process of substance metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Longyan First Hospital, Longyan 364000, China
| | - X J Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - S H Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Z B Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - X R Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - D B Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Longyan First Hospital, Longyan 364000, China
| | - P Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hsu SH, Chang MY, Lin SM, Ko YC, Chou LF, Tian YC, Hung CC, Yang CW. Peptidoglycan mediates Leptospira outer membrane protein Loa22 to toll-like receptor 2 for inflammatory interaction: a novel innate immune recognition. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1064. [PMID: 33441663 PMCID: PMC8115183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is an overlooked zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic
Leptospira depended on virulence of Leptospira and the host–pathogen interaction. Kidney is
the major organ infected by Leptospira which
causes tubulointerstitial nephritis. Leptospira
outer membrane contains several virulence factors and an outer membrane protein A
(OmpA) like protein (Loa22) is essential for virulence. Pull-down assays suggested
that Loa22 was a potential Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) binding candidates from
pathogenic Leptospira. Confocal microscopy was
employed to observe the co-localization of TLR2 and Loa22-LPGN (Leptospira peptidoglycan) complexes. Atomic force
microscopy (AFM), side-directed mutagenesis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) were performed to investigate the affinity between rLoa22, LPGN, and TLR2.
Real time PCR was applied to measure the cytokines expression. Downstream signal
transduction components were verified by western blot to evaluate the gene
regulations. Mutation of two Loa22 key residues (Asp122
and Arg143) attenuated the affinities for LPGN.
rLoa22-LPGN complexes were observed to co-localize with TLR2 and provoked
inflammatory responses including CXCL8/IL8,
hCCL2/MCP-1, and hTNF-α. Affinity studies suggested that Loa22-LPGN complexes elevated
the affinity to TLR2 as compared to Loa22 protein. Downstream signals from TLR2
including p38, ERK, and JNK were regulated under rLoa22-LPGN complexes treatments.
This study identified LPGN mediates interactions between Loa22 and TLR2 and induces
downstream signals to trigger inflammatory responses. rLoa22-LPGN-TLR2 complexes
reveal a novel binding mechanism for the innate immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Hsing Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing St., Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yang Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing St., Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ching Ko
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing St., Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Feng Chou
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing St., Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Chung Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing St., Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chieh Hung
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing St., Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 5 Fu-Shing St., Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang CH, Huang TL, Liu YC, Chen TC, Lin SM, Shaw SY, Chang CC. Overexpression of a multifunctional β-glucosidase gene from thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus in transgenic tobacco could facilitate glucose release and its use as a reporter. Transgenic Res 2020; 29:511-527. [PMID: 32776308 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-020-00212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The β-glucosidase, which hydrolyzes the β(1-4) glucosidic linkage of disaccharides, oligosaccharides and glucose-substituted molecules, has been used in many biotechnological applications. The current commercial source of β-glucosidase is mainly microbial fermentation. Plants have been developed as bioreactors to produce various kinds of proteins including β-glucosidase because of the potential low cost. Sulfolobus solfataricus is a thermoacidophilic archaeon that can grow optimally at high temperature, around 80 °C, and pH 2-4. We overexpressed the β-glucosidase gene from S. solfataricus in transgenic tobacco via Agrobacteria-mediated transformation. Three transgenic tobacco lines with β-glucosidase gene expression driven by the rbcS promoter were obtained, and the recombinant proteins were accumulated in chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum and vacuoles up to 1%, 0.6% and 0.3% of total soluble protein, respectively. By stacking the transgenes via crossing distinct transgenic events, the level of β-glucosidase in plants could further increase. The plant-expressed β-glucosidase had optimal activity at 80 °C and pH 5-6. In addition, the plant-expressed β-glucosidase showed high thermostability; on heat pre-treatment at 80 °C for 2 h, approximately 70% residual activity remained. Furthermore, wind-dried leaf tissues of transgenic plants showed good stability in short-term storage at room temperature, with β-glucosidase activity of about 80% still remaining after 1 week of storage as compared with fresh leaf. Furthermore, we demonstrated the possibility of using the archaebacterial β-glucosidase gene as a reporter in plants based on alternative β-galactosidase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ling Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Yu Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chun Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu TZ, Liang X, Li JQ, Li T, Yang LL, Li J, Xin JJ, Jiang J, Shi DY, Ren KK, Hao SR, Jin LF, Ye P, Huang JR, Xu XW, Gao ZL, Duan ZP, Han T, Wang YM, Wang BJ, Gan JH, Fen TT, Pan C, Chen YP, Huang Y, Xie Q, Lin SM, Chen X, Xin SJ, Li LJ, Li J. [Establishment of clinical features and prognostic scoring model in early-stage hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2020; 28:441-445. [PMID: 32403883 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200316-00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and establish a corresponding prognostic scoring model in patients with early-stage clinical features of hepatitis B-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). Methods: Clinical characteristics of 725 cases with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic hepatic dysfunction (HBV-ACHD) were retrospectively analyzed using Chinese group on the study of severe hepatitis B (COSSH). The independent risk factors associated with 90-day prognosis to establish a prognostic scoring model was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression, and was validated by 500 internal and 390 external HBV-ACHD patients. Results: Among 725 cases with HBV-ACHD, 76.8% were male, 96.8% had cirrhosis base,66.5% had complications of ascites, 4.1% had coagulation failure in respect to organ failure, and 9.2% had 90-day mortality rate. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that TBil, WBC and ALP were the best predictors of 90-day mortality rate in HBV-ACHD patients. The established scoring model was COSS-HACHADs = 0.75 × ln(WBC) + 0.57 × ln(TBil)-0.94 × ln(ALP) +10. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of subjects was significantly higher than MELD, MELD-Na, CTP and CLIF-C ADs(P < 0.05). An analysis of 500 and 390 cases of internal random selection group and external group had similar verified results. Conclusion: HBV-ACHD patients are a group of people with decompensated cirrhosis combined with small number of organ failure, and the 90-day mortality rate is 9.2%. COSSH-ACHDs have a higher predictive effect on HBV-ACHD patients' 90-day prognosis, and thus provide evidence-based medicine for early clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Z Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - X Liang
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Medical School, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - J Q Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - T Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - L L Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - J Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - J J Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Medical School, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - J Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Medical School, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - D Y Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Medical School, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - K K Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - S R Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - L F Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - P Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - J R Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - X W Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Z L Gao
- Department of Liver and Infectious Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Z P Duan
- Department of Liver and Infectious Diseases, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - T Han
- Department of Liver and Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Y M Wang
- Department of Liver and Infectious Disease, The First Hospital Affiliated To AMU, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - B J Wang
- Department of Liver and Infectious Disease, Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - J H Gan
- Department of Liver and Infectious Disease, The First Affilated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - T T Fen
- Department of Liver and Infectious Disease, The First Affilated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - C Pan
- Department of Liver and Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Y P Chen
- Department of Liver and Infectious Diseases, The First Affilated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Liver and Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Q Xie
- Department of Liver and Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - S M Lin
- Department of Liver and Infectious Diseases, First Affilated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Medical School, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - S J Xin
- Department of liver and Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - L J Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - J Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou University Medical School, Taizhou 318000, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjectives: To study effects of various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide on mature waterline biofilms and in controlling planktonic (free-floating) organisms in simulated dental treatment water systems; and to study in vitro the effects of 2%, 3%, and 7% hydrogen peroxide on the removal of mature biofilms and inorganic compounds in dental waterlines. Methods: Four units of an automated dental unit water system simulation device was used for 12 weeks. All units were initially cleaned to control biofilms and inorganic deposits. H2O2 at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3% was used weekly for periodic cleaning in three treatment group units (units 1, 2 & 3), with 0.05%, 0.15% and 0.25% H2O2 in municipal water used as irrigant respectively. The control unit (unit 4) did not have weekly cleanings and used municipal water as irrigant. Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to study deposits on lines, and weekly heterotrophic plate counts done to study effluent water contamination. A 24 hour in vitro challenge test with 7%, 3% and 2% H2O2 on mature biofilms was conducted using harvested waterlines to study biofilm and inorganic deposit removal. Results: Heterotrophic plate counts of effluent water showed that the control unit reached contamination levels in excess of 400,000 CFU/mL while all treatment units showed contamination levels <500 CFU/mL through most of the 12 weeks. All treatment units showed varying levels of biofilm and inorganic deposit control in this short 12 week study. The in vitro challenge test showed although there was biofilm control, there was no eradication even when 7% H2O2 was used for 24 hours. Conclusions: 2% H2O2 used as a periodic cleaner, and diluted to 0.05% in municipal water for irrigation was beneficial in controlling biofilm and planktonic contamination in dental unit water systems. However, to remove well established biofilms, it may take more than 2 months when initial and multiple periodic cleanings are performed using H2O2. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:47-59)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ming Lin
- Biomedical Sciences, TAMHSC Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas, USA
| | | | - Anthony Giletto
- Biomedical Sciences, TAMHSC Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lin SM, Lin JHY, Kuo WC, Yu M. Structural studies of Type II TNF-α from orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273319094622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
14
|
Qin Z, Lin SM, Luo KT, Chen CH, Huang YP. Dual-focal-plane augmented reality head-up display using a single picture generation unit and a single freeform mirror. Appl Opt 2019; 58:5366-5374. [PMID: 31504004 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.005366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two or more focal planes are required in augmented reality head-up displays (AR HUDs) to respectively present basic and interactive driving information to car drivers; whereas, solutions using two separated picture generation units (PGUs) with two sets of optics incur increased cost, reduced reliability, and expanded volume. To develop an AR HUD using a single PGU and a single curved mirror, we propose to set two logically separated regions on a single PGU and optically relay one of them to a new position to create two focal planes. A single freeform mirror acquired through careful optical and mechanical design optimization produces high image quality in an eyebox of 120 mm by 60 mm, simultaneously for a far image (9 m, 10° by 3°) and a near image (2.5 m, 6° by 2°). Finally, an AR HUD product with a compact volume of 8.5 L is fabricated to experimentally verify the design.
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang LK, Liao YY, Lin WH, Lin SM, Liu TY, Lee CH, Pan RL. Potassium Stimulation of IAA Transport Mediated by the Arabidopsis Importer AUX1 Investigated in a Heterologous Yeast System. J Membr Biol 2019; 252:183-194. [PMID: 31053903 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-019-00065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Auxin regulates diverse processes involved in plant growth and development. AUX1 is the first identified and most widely investigated auxin importer, and plays an important role in root gravitropism and the development of lateral root and root hair. However, the regulation of auxin transport by AUX1 is still not well understood. In this study, we examined the effect of metal ions on AUX1 transport function and found that the activity could be specifically stimulated four times by K+. Further experiments revealed the preference of KF on the enhancement of transport activity of AUX1 over KCl, KBr, and KI. In addition, the interaction between K+ and AUX1 confers AUX1 more resistant to thermal stress but more vulnerable to proteolysis. Conventional chemical modification indicated that the extracellular acidic amino acids of AUX1 play a key role in the K+ stimulation. Site-specific mutagenesis showed that the replacement of Asp166, Asp293, and Asp312 of AUX1 to alanine deteriorated the K+-stimulated auxin transport. By contrast, when these residues were mutated to glutamate, lysine, or asparagine, only the D312E variant restored the IAA transport activity to the wild-type level. It is thus convinced that D312 is presumably the most promising residue for the K+ stimulation on AUX1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Guangfu Rd. East Dist., Hsin Chu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Yun Liao
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Guangfu Rd. East Dist., Hsin Chu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hua Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Guangfu Rd. East Dist., Hsin Chu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Yin Liu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Guangfu Rd. East Dist., Hsin Chu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Hung Lee
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Guangfu Rd. East Dist., Hsin Chu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Rong-Long Pan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Guangfu Rd. East Dist., Hsin Chu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li XL, Fu WW, Zhang S, Chen DY, Chen YP, Wu J, Liu XY, Li GP, Lin SM, Luo S, Cai SS, Guo W, Wang XF. [Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma of central nervous system: a clinicopathologic analysis of 71 cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2017; 46:465-470. [PMID: 28728219 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: As solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) and hemangiopericytoma (HPC) share the same molecular genetics features, the 2016 WHO classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors had created the combined term SFT/HPC and assigns three grades. This study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis of CNS SFT/HPC. Methods: Seventy-one cases of CNS SFT and HPC were retrospectively reclassified and studied. Histopathological, immunohistochemical and imaging features were analyzed. The follow-up data were analyzed. Results: There were 37 male and 34 female patients. The median age was 48 years (range, 3-77 years). Twelve cases (17%) were WHO grade Ⅰ, 26 (37%) were WHO grade Ⅱ and 33 (46%) were WHO grade Ⅲ. Microscopically the tumor could show traditional SFT phenotype, HPC phenotype or mixed phenotype. Immunochemically, 97%(69/71) were positive for STAT6, with 96%(66/69)showing diffuse strong staining. Approximately 90% were diffusely positive for bcl-2, CD99 and vimentin. The expression rate of CD34 decreased with increasing tumor grade, and the mean expression rate was 78%. SSTR2a was variably expressed in 10% (7/71) of cases including one case showing strong cytoplasmic staining. A few cases expressed EMA, CD57 and S-100 focally. The Ki-67 index ranged from 1% to 50%. Thirty four patients were followed up for 8-130 months; 12 patients(35%)had recurrences, and two (6%) had liver metastases. Conclusions: CNS SFT/HPC is relatively uncommon. There was significant morphological overlap or transition between different grades. STAT6 is a specific marker for the diagnosis of this tumor. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment. WHO grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ SFT/HPC show rates of local recurrence and systemic metastasis, with liver being the most common site of extracranial metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X L Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - W W Fu
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang CH, Chang WC, Huang JS, Lin SM, Chueh YL. Resistive switching of Sn-doped In 2O 3/HfO 2 core-shell nanowire: geometry architecture engineering for nonvolatile memory. Nanoscale 2017; 9:6920-6928. [PMID: 28509919 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09564j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell NWs offer an innovative approach to achieve nanoscale metal-insulator-metal (MIM) heterostructures along the wire radial direction, realizing three-dimensional geometry architecture rather than planar type thin film devices. This work demonstrated the tunable resistive switching characteristics of ITO/HfO2 core-shell nanowires with controllable shell thicknesses by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for the first time. Compared to planar HfO2 thin film device configuration, ITO/HfO2 core-shell nanowire shows a prominent resistive memory behavior, including lower power consumption with a smaller SET voltage of ∼0.6 V and better switching voltage uniformity with variations (standard deviation(σ)/mean value (μ)) of VSET and VRESET from 0.38 to 0.14 and from 0.33 to 0.05 for ITO/HfO2 core-shell nanowire and planar HfO2 thin film, respectively. In addition, endurance over 103 cycles resulting from the local electric field enhancement can be achieved, which is attributed to geometry architecture engineering. The concept of geometry architecture engineering provides a promising strategy to modify the electric-field distribution for solving the non-uniformity issue of future RRAM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsin Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang CH, Chou TS, Huang JS, Lin SM, Chueh YL. Self-Selecting Resistive Switching Scheme Using TiO 2 Nanorod Arrays. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2066. [PMID: 28522821 PMCID: PMC5437035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the resistive switching scheme using TiO2 nanorod arrays synthesized by a large-scale and low-cost hydrothermal process was reported. Especially, the nonlinear I-V characteristics of TiO2 nanorod arrays with a nonlinearity of up to ~10, which suppress the leakage current less than 10-4 Acm-2, were demonstrated, exhibiting a self-selecting resistive switching behavior. It provides a simple pathway for integration of RRAM crossbar arrays without additional stacking of active devices. The mechanisms of the nonlinear resistive switching behaviors were discussed in detail. In addition, the maximum array numbers of 79 for self-selecting RRAM cells were estimated. The results demonstrate an opportunity of using the concept of self-selecting resistive switching characteristics in a single material, which offers a new strategy to tackle the sneak path issue of RRAM in the crossbar arrays structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsin Huang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Shun Chou
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jian-Shiou Huang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen YW, Lee CH, Huang YT, Pan YJ, Lin SM, Lo YY, Lee CH, Huang LK, Huang YF, Hsu YD, Pan RL. Functional and fluorescence analyses of tryptophan residues in H+-pyrophosphatase of Clostridium tetani. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2015; 46:127-34. [PMID: 24121937 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-013-9532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Homodimeric proton-translocating pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase; EC 3.6.1.1) maintains the cytoplasmic pH homeostasis of many bacteria and higher plants by coupling pyrophosphate (PPi) hydrolysis and proton translocation. H+-PPase accommodates several essential motifs involved in the catalytic mechanism, including the PPi binding motif and Acidic I and II motifs. In this study, 3 intrinsic tryptophan residues, Trp-75, Trp-365, and Trp-602, in H+-PPase from Clostridium tetani were used as internal probes to monitor the local conformational state of the periplasm domain, transmembrane region, and cytoplasmic domain, respectively. Upon binding of the substrate analog Mg-imidodiphosphate (Mg-IDP), local structural changes prevented the modification of tryptophan residues by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), especially at Trp-602. Following Mg-Pi binding, Trp-75 and Trp-365, but not Trp-602, were slightly protected from structural modifications by NBS. These results reveal the conformation of H+-PPase is distinct in the presence of different ligands. Moreover, analyses of the Stern-Volmer relationship and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy also indicate that the local structure around Trp-602 is more exposed to solvent and varied under different environments. In addition, Trp-602 was identified to be a crucial residue in the H+-PPase that may potentially be involved in stabilizing the structure of the catalytic region by site-directed mutagenesis analysis.
Collapse
|
20
|
Tsai HS, Lai CC, Medina H, Lin SM, Shih YC, Chen YZ, Liang JH, Chueh YL. Scalable graphene synthesised by plasma-assisted selective reaction on silicon carbide for device applications. Nanoscale 2014; 6:13861-13869. [PMID: 25307846 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr04486j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, a two-dimensional material with honeycomb arrays of carbon atoms, has shown outstanding physical properties that make it a promising candidate material for a variety of electronic applications. To date, several issues related to the material synthesis and device fabrication need to be overcome. Despite the fact that large-area graphene films synthesised by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) can be grown with relatively few defects, the required transfer process creates wrinkles and polymer residues that greatly reduce its performance in device applications. Graphene synthesised on silicon carbide (SiC) has shown outstanding mobility and has been successfully used to develop ultra-high frequency transistors; however, this fabrication method is limited due to the use of costly ultra-high vacuum (UHV) equipment that can reach temperatures over 1500 °C. Here, we show a simple and novel approach to synthesise graphene on SiC substrates that greatly reduces the temperature and vacuum requirements and allows the use of equipment commonly used in the semiconductor processing industry. In this work, we used plasma treatment followed by annealing in order to obtain large-scale graphene films from bulk SiC. After exposure to N2 plasma, the annealing process promotes the reaction of nitrogen ions with Si and the simultaneous condensation of C on the surface of SiC. Eventually, a uniform, large-scale, n-type graphene film with remarkable transport behaviour on the SiC wafer is achieved. Furthermore, graphene field effect transistors (FETs) with high carrier mobilities on SiC were also demonstrated in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Sheng Tsai
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lin SM, Tseng JY, Su TY, Shih YC, Huang JS, Huang CH, Lin SJ, Chueh YL. Tunable multilevel storage of complementary resistive switching on single-step formation of ZnO/ZnWO(x) bilayer structure via interfacial engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:17686-17693. [PMID: 25208587 DOI: 10.1021/am504004v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tunable multilevel storage of complementary resistive switching (CRS) on single-step formation of ZnO/ZnWOx bilayer structure via interfacial engineering was demonstrated for the first time. In addition, the performance of the ZnO/ZnWOx-based CRS device with the voltage- and current-sweep modes was demonstrated and investigated in detail. The resistance switching behaviors of the ZnO/ZnWOx bilayer ReRAM with adjustable RESET-stop voltages was explained using an electrochemical redox reaction model whose electron-hopping activation energies of 28, 40, and 133 meV can be obtained from Arrhenius equation at RESET-stop voltages of 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 V, respectively. In the case of the voltage-sweep operation on the ZnO-based CRS device, the maximum array numbers (N) of 9, 15, and 31 at RESET-stop voltages of 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6 V were estimated, while the maximum array numbers increase into 47, 63, and 105 at RESET-stop voltages of 2.0, 2.2, and 2.4 V, operated by the current-sweep mode, respectively. In addition, the endurance tests show a very stable multilevel operation at each RESET-stop voltage under the current-sweep mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yen YT, Wang YC, Chen YZ, Tsai HW, Hu F, Lin SM, Chen YJ, Lai CC, Liu W, Wang TH, Hong HF, Chueh YL. Large scale and orientation-controllable nanotip structures on CuInS₂, Cu(In,Ga)S₂, CuInSe₂, and Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ by low energy ion beam bombardment process: growth and characterization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:8327-8336. [PMID: 24803028 DOI: 10.1021/am501161j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
One-step facile methodology to create nanotip arrays on chalcopyrite materials (such as CuInS2, Cu(In,Ga)S2, CuInSe2, and Cu(In,Ga)Se2) via a low energy ion beam bombardment process has been demonstrated. The mechanism of formation for nanotip arrays has been proposed by sputtering yields of metals and reduction of metals induced by the ion beam bombardment process. The optical reflectance of these chalcopyrite nanotip arrays has been characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer and the efficient light-trapping effect has been observed. Large scale (∼4'') and high density (10(10) tips/cm(2)) of chalcopyrite nanotip arrays have been obtained by using low ion energy (< 1 kV), short processing duration (< 30 min), and template-free. Besides, orientation and length of these chalcopyrite nanotip arrays are controllable. Our results can be the guide for other nanostructured materials fabrication by ion sputtering and are available for industrial production as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Yen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fu SM, Xu MX, Lin SM, Liang Z, Cai JH. Association of cyclin D1 and survivin expression with sensitivity to radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:3502-9. [PMID: 24615109 DOI: 10.4238/2014.february.14.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The association between cyclin D1 and survivin protein expressions with radiotherapy sensitivity in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma was investigated. Biopsy specimens of 72 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were collected before the initiation of radiotherapy (49 cases were in the radiation-sensitive group and 23 cases were in the radiation-insensitive group). Conventional hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for tissue typing. The immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect cyclin D1 and survivin protein expression levels. The IBM SPSS Statistics 20 statistical software was applied for conducting the chi-squared test and the Spearman correlation analysis. In the 72 cases, the high expression rates of cyclin D1 were 28.6% (14/49) and 69.6% (16/23) in the radiotherapy-sensitive group and in the radiotherapy-insensitive group, respectively, and the differences between groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The high expression rates of survivin were 34.7% (17/49) and 73.9% (17/23) in the radiotherapy-sensitive group and in the radiotherapy-insensitive group, respectively, which differed significantly (P<0.05). The protein expressions of cyclin D1 and survivin were positively correlated (Spearman's r=0.353, P<0.05). Cyclin D1 and survivin expression levels were negatively correlated with the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cyclin D1 and survivin may be used as molecular markers to predict the sensitivity of radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Fu
- Department of Medical Examination, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - M X Xu
- College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - S M Lin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Z Liang
- Department of Medical Examination, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - J H Cai
- Department of Medical Examination, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fang H, Su Z, Wang Y, Miller A, Liu Z, Howard PC, Tong W, Lin SM. Exploring the FDA adverse event reporting system to generate hypotheses for monitoring of disease characteristics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2014; 95:496-8. [PMID: 24448476 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2014.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) is a database for postmarketing drug safety monitoring and influences changes in FDA safety guidance documents such as drug labels. The number of cases in the FAERS has rapidly increased with the improvement of submission methods and data standards and thus has become an important resource for regulatory science. Although the FAERS has been predominantly used for safety signal detection, this study explored its utility for disease characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Fang
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Z Su
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - A Miller
- Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Z Liu
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - P C Howard
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - W Tong
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - S M Lin
- Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lin SM, Velayudham M, Tsai CH, Chang CH, Lee CC, Luo TT, Thanasekaran P, Lu KL. A Molecular Triangle as a Precursor Toward the Assembly of a Jar-Shaped Metallasupramolecule. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om4005065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ming Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chungli 320, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Hwe Tsai
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chungli 320, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hao Chang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chou Lee
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Kuang-Lieh Lu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lee CH, Chen YW, Huang YT, Pan YJ, Lee CH, Lin SM, Huang LK, Lo YY, Huang YF, Hsu YD, Yen SC, Hwang JK, Pan RL. Functional Investigation of Transmembrane Helix 3 in H+-Translocating Pyrophosphatase. J Membr Biol 2013; 246:959-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
27
|
Lin SM, Huang JS, Chang WC, Hou TC, Huang HW, Huang CH, Lin SJ, Chueh YL. Single-step formation of ZnO/ZnWO(x) bilayer structure via interfacial engineering for high performance and low energy consumption resistive memory with controllable high resistance states. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:7831-7. [PMID: 23876031 DOI: 10.1021/am4016928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A spontaneously formed ZnO/ZnWOx bilayer resistive memory via an interfacial engineering by one-step sputtering process with controllable high resistance states was demonstrated. The detailed formation mechanism and microstructure of the ZnWOx layer was explored by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscope in detail. The reduced trapping depths from 0.46 to 0.29 eV were found after formation of ZnWOx layer, resulting in an asymmetric I-V behavior. In particular, the reduction of compliance current significantly reduces the switching current to reach the stable operation of device, enabling less energy consumption. Furthermore, we demonstrated an excellent performance of the complementary resistive switching (CRS) based on the ZnO/ZnWOx bilayer structure with DC endurance >200 cycles for a possible application in three-dimensional multilayer stacking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center For Nanotechnology, Material Science, and Microsystem, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sun YJ, Li KM, Hsu CE, Lin SM, Tsai JY, Pan RL. Pyrophosphatase, a primary proton pump. Acta Crystallogr A 2013. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767313096839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
29
|
da Silva LA, Lin SM, Teixeira MJ, de Siqueira JTT, Jacob Filho W, de Siqueira SRDT. Sensorial differences according to sex and ages. Oral Dis 2013; 20:e103-10. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- LA da Silva
- Neurology Department; University of São Paulo (USP); São Paulo Brazil
| | - SM Lin
- Geriatrics Division; Hospital das Clínicas; Medical School; University of São Paulo (USP) - Nucleus of Support for Research in Geriatrics and Gerontology; São Paulo Brazil
| | - MJ Teixeira
- Interdisciplinary Pain Center; Hospital das Clinicas and Neurology Department; Medical School; University of São Paulo (USP); São Paulo Brazil
| | - JTT de Siqueira
- Orofacial Pain Team; Dentistry Division; Hospital das Clínicas; Medical School; University of São Paulo (USP); São Paulo Brazil
| | - W Jacob Filho
- Geriatrics Division; Hospital das Clínicas; Medical School; University of São Paulo (USP) - Nucleus of Support for Research in Geriatrics and Gerontology; São Paulo Brazil
| | - SRDT de Siqueira
- Neurology Department; Hospital das Clínicas; Medical School; University of São Paulo (USP); São Paulo Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Huang YT, Liu TH, Lin SM, Chen YW, Pan YJ, Lee CH, Sun YJ, Tseng FG, Pan RL. Squeezing at entrance of proton transport pathway in proton-translocating pyrophosphatase upon substrate binding. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:19312-20. [PMID: 23720778 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.469353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Homodimeric proton-translocating pyrophosphatase (H(+)-PPase; EC 3.6.1.1) is indispensable for many organisms in maintaining organellar pH homeostasis. This unique proton pump couples the hydrolysis of PPi to proton translocation across the membrane. H(+)-PPase consists of 14-16 relatively hydrophobic transmembrane domains presumably for proton translocation and hydrophilic loops primarily embedding a catalytic site. Several highly conserved polar residues located at or near the entrance of the transport pathway in H(+)-PPase are essential for proton pumping activity. In this investigation single molecule FRET was employed to dissect the action at the pathway entrance in homodimeric Clostridium tetani H(+)-PPase upon ligand binding. The presence of the substrate analog, imidodiphosphate mediated two sites at the pathway entrance moving toward each other. Moreover, single molecule FRET analyses after the mutation at the first proton-carrying residue (Arg-169) demonstrated that conformational changes at the entrance are conceivably essential for the initial step of H(+)-PPase proton translocation. A working model is accordingly proposed to illustrate the squeeze at the entrance of the transport pathway in H(+)-PPase upon substrate binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Tzu Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu 30013, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Huang CH, Huang JS, Lin SM, Chang WY, He JH, Chueh YL. ZnO1-x nanorod arrays/ZnO thin film bilayer structure: from homojunction diode and high-performance memristor to complementary 1D1R application. ACS Nano 2012; 6:8407-14. [PMID: 22900519 DOI: 10.1021/nn303233r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a ZnO(1-x) nanorod array (NR)/ZnO thin film (TF) bilayer structure synthesized at a low temperature, exhibiting a uniquely rectifying characteristic as a homojunction diode and a resistive switching behavior as memory at different biases. The homojunction diode is due to asymmetric Schottky barriers at interfaces of the Pt/ZnO NRs and the ZnO TF/Pt, respectively. The ZnO(1-x) NRs/ZnO TF bilayer structure also shows an excellent resistive switching behavior, including a reduced operation power and enhanced performances resulting from supplements of confined oxygen vacancies by the ZnO(1-x) NRs for rupture and recovery of conducting filaments inside the ZnO TF layer. A hydrophobic behavior with a contact angle of ~125° can be found on the ZnO(1-x) NRs/ZnO TF bilayer structure, demonstrating a self-cleaning effect. Finally, a successful demonstration of complementary 1D1R configurations can be achieved by simply connecting two identical devices back to back in series, realizing the possibility of a low-temperature all-ZnO-based memory system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsin Huang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang X, Lin SM, Ye F, Chen TY, Liu M, Chen YR, Zheng SQ, Zhao YR, Zhang SL. An early decrease in serum HBeAg titre is a strong predictor of virological response to entecavir in HBeAg-positive patients. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:e184-90. [PMID: 21692931 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01423.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Quantification of HBeAg levels has been found to be useful in monitoring and predicting the outcomes of interferon and lamivudine treatment in HBeAg-positive patients. The aim of this study was to determine whether quantification of HBeAg at baseline and on treatment could predict which patients would achieve HBeAg seroconversion after 96 weeks of entecavir therapy. Sixty-five HBeAg-positive naïve chronic hepatitis B patients who were treated with entecavir at a dose of 0.5 mg once daily for 96 weeks were evaluated. Serum HBV DNA levels were assessed at baseline, week 24, 48 and 96; serum HBeAg levels were assessed at baseline, week 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96. Serum HBeAg levels were associated with a higher likelihood of HBeAg seroconversion to entecavir at weeks 96 than serum HBV DNA levels both at baseline and on treatment (at baseline: OR = 9.932, P = 0.003 vs. OR = 5.045, P = 0.036; on treatment: OR = 112.5, P < 0.0001 vs. OR = 47.782, P < 0.0001). A maintained reduction in HBeAg > 65% of pretreatment HBeAg values after 24 weeks of entecavir therapy is the strongest predictor for HBeAg seroconversion at week 96 (OR = 70.578, P < 0.0001). Quantification of HBeAg at the start and early during therapy showed a higher predictive value than that of HBV DNA for HBeAg seroconversion by entecavir. A significant decrease in serum HBeAg levels at week 24 may be a useful on-treatment measurement in the early phase for predicting HBeAg seroconversion and identifying patients who will most likely benefit from finite entecavir treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical college of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Province, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lee CH, Pan YJ, Huang YT, Liu TH, Hsu SH, Lee CH, Chen YW, Lin SM, Huang LK, Pan RL. Identification of essential lysines involved in substrate binding of vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:11970-6. [PMID: 21292767 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.190215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
H+-translocating pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase; EC 3.6.1.1) drives proton transport against an electrochemical potential gradient by hydrolyzing pyrophosphate (PPi) and is found in various endomembranes of higher plants, bacteria, and some protists. H+-PPase contains seven highly conserved lysines. We examined the functional roles of these lysines, which are, for the most part, found in the cytosolic regions of mung bean H+-PPase by site-directed mutagenesis. Construction of mutants that each had a cytosolic and highly conserved lysine substituted with an alanine resulted in dramatic drops in the PPi hydrolytic activity. The effects caused by ions on the activities of WT and mutant H+-PPases suggest that Lys-730 may be in close proximity to the Mg2+-binding site, and the great resistance of the K694A and K695A mutants to fluoride inhibition suggests that these lysines are present in the active site. The modifier fluorescein 5'-isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled a lysine at the H+-PPase active site but did not inhibit the hydrolytic activities of K250A, K250N, K250T, and K250S, which suggested that Lys-250 is essential for substrate binding and may be involved in proton translocation. Analysis of tryptic digests indicated that Lys-711 and Lys-717 help maintain the conformation of the active site. Proteolytic evidence also demonstrated that Lys-250 is the primary target of trypsin and confirmed its crucial role in H+-PPase hydrolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsien Lee
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu 30043, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lin SM, Svoboda KK, Giletto A, Seibert J, Puttaiah R. Effects of hydrogen peroxide on dental unit biofilms and treatment water contamination. Eur J Dent 2011; 5:47-59. [PMID: 21228956 PMCID: PMC3019751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study effects of various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide on mature waterline biofilms and in controlling planktonic (free-floating) organisms in simulated dental treatment water systems; and to study in vitro the effects of 2%, 3%, and 7% hydrogen peroxide on the removal of mature biofilms and inorganic compounds in dental waterlines. METHODS Four units of an automated dental unit water system simulation device was used for 12 weeks. All units were initially cleaned to control biofilms and inorganic deposits. H2O(2) at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3% was used weekly for periodic cleaning in three treatment group units (units 1, 2 & 3), with 0.05%, 0.15% and 0.25% H(2)O(2) in municipal water used as irrigant respectively. The control unit (unit 4) did not have weekly cleanings and used municipal water as irrigant. Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to study deposits on lines, and weekly heterotrophic plate counts done to study effluent water contamination. A 24 hour in vitro challenge test with 7%, 3% and 2% H(2)O(2) on mature biofilms was conducted using harvested waterlines to study biofilm and inorganic deposit removal. RESULTS Heterotrophic plate counts of effluent water showed that the control unit reached contamination levels in excess of 400,000 CFU/mL while all treatment units showed contamination levels <500 CFU/mL through most of the 12 weeks. All treatment units showed varying levels of biofilm and inorganic deposit control in this short 12 week study. The in vitro challenge test showed although there was biofilm control, there was no eradication even when 7% H(2)O(2) was used for 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS 2% H(2)O(2) used as a periodic cleaner, and diluted to 0.05% in municipal water for irrigation was beneficial in controlling biofilm and planktonic contamination in dental unit water systems. However, to remove well established biofilms, it may take more than 2 months when initial and multiple periodic cleanings are performed using H(2)O(2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ming Lin
- Graduate student, Biomedical Sciences, TAMHSC Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas, USA
| | | | - Anthony Giletto
- Co-Investigator & Vice Chair, Biomedical Sciences, TAMHSC Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas, USA
| | | | - Raghunath Puttaiah
- Co-PI & Research Mentor, Diagnostic Sciences, TAMHSC Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang YK, Chang WC, Liu PF, Hsiao MK, Lin CT, Lin SM, Pan RL. Ovate family protein 1 as a plant Ku70 interacting protein involving in DNA double-strand break repair. Plant Mol Biol 2010; 74:453-66. [PMID: 20844935 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-010-9685-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The Ku heterodimer, a DNA repair protein complex consisting of 70- and 80-kDa subunits, is involved in the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway. Plants are thought to use the NHEJ pathway primarily for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The Ku70/80 protein has been identified in many plants and been shown to possess several similar functions to its counter protein complex in mammals. In the present study, ovate family protein 1 (AtOFP1) was demonstrated to be a plant Ku-interacting protein by yeast two-hybrid screening and the GST pull-down assay. Truncation analysis revealed that the C-terminal domain of AtKu70 contains interacting sites for AtOFP1. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) indicated that AtOFP1 is also a DNA binding protein with its binding domain at the N-terminus. In 3-week-old seedlings, expression of the AtOFP1 gene increased after exposure to DNA-damaging agents (such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and menadione) in a time dependent manner. Seedlings lacking the AtOFP1 protein were more sensitive to MMS and menadione as compared with wild-type. Furthermore, similar to AtKu70(-/-) and AtKu80(-/-), the AtOFP1(-/-) mutant showed relatively lower NHEJ activity in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that AtOFP1 may play a role in DNA repair through the NHEJ pathway accompanying with the AtKu protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Kai Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pan YJ, Lee CH, Hsu SH, Huang YT, Lee CH, Liu TH, Chen YW, Lin SM, Pan RL. The transmembrane domain 6 of vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase mediates protein targeting and proton transport. Biochim Biophys Acta 2010; 1807:59-67. [PMID: 20937245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase (V-PPase; EC 3.6.1.1) plays a significant role in the maintenance of the pH in cytoplasm and vacuoles via proton translocation from the cytosol to the vacuolar lumen at the expense of PP(i) hydrolysis. The topology of V-PPase as predicted by TopPred II suggests that the catalytic site is putatively located in loop e and exposed to the cytosol. The adjacent transmembrane domain 6 (TM6) is highly conserved and believed to participate in the catalytic function and conformational stability of V-PPase. In this study, alanine-scanning mutagenesis along TM6 of the mung bean V-PPase was carried out to identify its structural and functional role. Mutants Y299A, A306S and L317A exhibited gross impairment in both PP(i) hydrolysis and proton translocation. Meanwhile, mutations at L307 and N318 completely abolished the targeting of the enzyme, causing broad cytosolic localization and implicating a possible role of these residues in protein translocation. The location of these amino acid residues was on the same side of the helix wheel, suggesting their involvement in maintaining the stability of enzyme conformation. G297A, E301A and A305S mutants showed declines in proton translocation but not in PP(i) hydrolysis, consequently resulting in decreases in the coupling efficiency. These amino acid residues cluster at one face of the helix wheel, indicating their direct/indirect participation in proton translocation. Taken together, these data indicate that TM6 is crucial to vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase, probably mediating protein targeting, proton transport, and the maintenance of enzyme structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yih-Jiuan Pan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu 30043, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hong H, Shi L, Su Z, Ge W, Jones WD, Czika W, Miclaus K, Lambert CG, Vega SC, Zhang J, Ning B, Liu J, Green B, Xu L, Fang H, Perkins R, Lin SM, Jafari N, Park K, Ahn T, Chierici M, Furlanello C, Zhang L, Wolfinger RD, Goodsaid F, Tong W. Assessing sources of inconsistencies in genotypes and their effects on genome-wide association studies with HapMap samples. Pharmacogenomics J 2010; 10:364-74. [PMID: 20368714 PMCID: PMC2928027 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2010.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The discordance in results of independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicates the potential for Type I and Type II errors. We assessed the repeatibility of current Affymetrix technologies that support GWAS. Reasonable reproducibility was observed for both raw intensity and the genotypes/copy number variants. We also assessed consistencies between different SNP arrays and between genotype calling algorithms. We observed that the inconsistency in genotypes was generally small at the specimen level. To further examine whether the differences from genotyping and genotype calling are possible sources of variation in GWAS results, an association analysis was applied to compare the associated SNPs. We observed that the inconsistency in genotypes not only propagated to the association analysis, but was amplified in the associated SNPs. Our studies show that inconsistencies between SNP arrays and between genotype calling algorithms are potential sources for the lack of reproducibility in GWAS results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Hong
- Division of Systems Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tseng YH, Bhattacharya D, Lin SM, Thanasekaran P, Wu JY, Lee LW, Sathiyendiran M, Ho ML, Chung MW, Hsu KC, Chou PT, Lu KL. Highly Emissive Cyclometalated Rhenium Metallacycles: Structure−Luminescence Relationship. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:6805-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100882u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsiu Tseng
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | - Shih-Ming Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | | | - Jing-Yun Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Lee
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | | | - Mei-Lin Ho
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 107, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wen Chung
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 107, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Chung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 107, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Lieh Lu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Huang YT, Liu TH, Chen YW, Lee CH, Chen HH, Huang TW, Hsu SH, Lin SM, Pan YJ, Lee CH, Hsu IC, Tseng FG, Fu CC, Pan RL. Distance variations between active sites of H(+)-pyrophosphatase determined by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:23655-64. [PMID: 20511234 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.134916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Homodimeric H(+)-pyrophosphatase (H(+)-PPase; EC 3.6.1.1) is a unique enzyme playing a pivotal physiological role in pH homeostasis of organisms. This novel H(+)-PPase supplies energy at the expense of hydrolyzing metabolic byproduct, pyrophosphate (PP(i)), for H(+) translocation across membrane. The functional unit for the translocation is considered to be a homodimer. Its putative active site on each subunit consists of PP(i) binding motif, Acidic I and II motifs, and several essential residues. In this investigation structural mapping of these vital regions was primarily determined utilizing single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Distances between two C termini and also two N termini on homodimeric subunits of H(+)-PPase are 49.3 + or - 4.0 and 67.2 + or - 5.7 A, respectively. Furthermore, putative PP(i) binding motifs on individual subunits are found to be relatively far away from each other (70.8 + or - 4.8 A), whereas binding of potassium and substrate analogue led them to closer proximity. Moreover, substrate analogue but not potassium elicits significant distance variations between two Acidic I motifs and two His-622 residues on homodimeric subunits. Taken together, this study provides the first quantitative measurements of distances between various essential motifs, residues, and putative active sites on homodimeric subunits of H(+)-PPase. A working model is accordingly proposed elucidating the distance variations of dimeric H(+)-PPase upon substrate binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Tzu Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu 30013, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu TH, Hsu SH, Huang YT, Lin SM, Huang TW, Chuang TH, Fan SK, Fu CC, Tseng FG, Pan RL. The proximity between C-termini of dimeric vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase determined using atomic force microscopy and a gold nanoparticle technique. FEBS J 2009; 276:4381-94. [PMID: 19614743 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vacuolar H(+)-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase [vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase (V-PPase); EC 3.6.1.1] is a homodimeric proton translocase; it plays a pivotal role in electrogenic translocation of protons from the cytosol to the vacuolar lumen, at the expense of PP(i) hydrolysis, for the storage of ions, sugars, and other metabolites. Dimerization of V-PPase is necessary for full proton translocation function, although the structural details of V-PPase within the vacuolar membrane remain uncertain. The C-terminus presumably plays a crucial role in sustaining enzymatic and proton-translocating reactions. We used atomic force microscopy to visualize V-PPases embedded in an artificial lipid bilayer under physiological conditions. V-PPases were randomly distributed in reconstituted lipid bilayers; approximately 43.3% of the V-PPase protrusions faced the cytosol, and 56.7% faced the vacuolar lumen. The mean height and width of the cytosolic V-PPase protrusions were 2.8 +/- 0.3 nm and 26.3 +/- 4.7 nm, whereas those of the luminal protrusions were 1.2 +/- 0.1 nm and 21.7 +/- 3.6 nm, respectively. Moreover, both C-termini of dimeric subunits of V-PPase are on the same side of the membrane, and they are close to each other, as visualized with antibody and gold nanoparticles against 6xHis tags on C-terminal ends of the enzyme. The distance between the V-PPase C-terminal ends was determined to be approximately 2.2 +/- 1.4 nm. Thus, our study is the first to provide structural details of a membrane-bound V-PPase dimer, revealing its adjacent C-termini.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tseng-Huang Liu
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Affiliation(s)
- Y L He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Qiu FF, Nie QH, Luo CL, Zhang DX, Lin SM, Zhang XQ. Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the Insulin Gene with Chicken Early Growth and Fat Deposition. Poult Sci 2006; 85:980-5. [PMID: 16776465 DOI: 10.1093/ps/85.6.980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth rate, body composition, and fat deposition are important traits in chickens. Insulin plays important roles in hepatic cells, muscle cells, and adipose tissue cells. The purpose of the present study was to analyze association of the insulin (INS) gene with chicken growth and body composition traits. Using a F2 design resource population constructed with the crossing of Chinese native Xinghua chickens and White Recessive Rock chickens, the association of 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP; A+428G, C+1549T, T+3737C, and A+3971G) of INS gene with 13 growth and body composition traits was studied. The T+3737C genotypes were significantly associated with small intestine length (P = 0.0002), and the A+3971G genotypes were significantly associated with early growth (hatch weight and BW at 28 d of age) (P < 0.0001), breast angle (P = 0.0002), and small intestine length (P < 0.0001). None of the 4 SNP was significantly associated with abdominal fat pad weight (P > 0.05). The haplotypes based on the 4 SNP were also significantly associated with early growth (hatch weight and BW at 28 d of age; P < 0.0001) and breast angle (P < 0.0001) but not with small intestine length (P = 0.0505). These results suggested that variation of the insulin gene was significantly associated with chicken early growth but not with fat deposition. In addition, the data from the present study supported the inference that both the one-SNP-at-a-time and the haplotype-based approaches have their own advantages and disadvantages when association analysis of one SNP and haplotypes with chicken complex traits was conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F F Qiu
- Department of Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kao MC, Lin SM, Yu YS, Huang YC, Ting CK, Tsai SK. Knotted continuous cardiac output thermodilution catheter diagnosed by intraoperative transoesophageal echocardiography. Br J Anaesth 2003; 91:451-2. [PMID: 12925498 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeg612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
45
|
Chen CY, Chen SN, Lin SM, Ho CL. Reduction of subretinal fluid after preoperative immobilization of the eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Chang Gung Med J 2001; 24:799-804. [PMID: 11858396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullous retinal detachment may be difficult to handle with higher operative complications. Preoperative immobilization of the eyes might reduce subretinal fluid and facilitate surgical procedures. Factors influencing subretinal fluid absorption were analyzed. METHODS Twenty-eight eyes with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with preoperative binocular patching and complete bed rest for at least 12 hours were enrolled. Ultrasonography was performed before and after immobilization to estimate the reduction in subretinal fluid. RESULTS The amount of reduction diverged in cases with an average of a 17.1% decrease in the maximal height of detachment. Retinal detachments in patients with smaller breaks and without vitreal traction or chronicity showed more significant reduction of subretinal fluid than did those patients with larger breaks and with vitreal traction or chronicity. On the other hand, break shape, height of retinal detachment, age, and gender had no obvious effect on subretinal fluid change. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative immobilization of the eyes reduces the subretinal fluid in selected cases, which can decrease operative complications. Break size, vitreal traction, and chronicity are important factors affecting the absorption of subretinal fluid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ting CK, Lin SM, Yang YW, Tsai HJ, Lao HC, Chu YC, Tsai SK. Reversal of mivacurium chloride: edrophonium of spontaneous recovery in microscopic laryngeal surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 2001; 39:157-62. [PMID: 11840581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A double-blind, randomized study was designed to compare the recovery manner of mivacurium infusion with or without edrophonium reversal in microscopic laryngeal surgery. Neuromuscular blockade was quantified using the train-of-four stimuli to the ulnar nerve and quantification of the ratio of the fourth twitch to the first twitch. METHODS With the approval of the Human Studies Committee of the Taipei Veterans General Hospital and patient informed consent, 40 healthy (ASA I or II) patients with age from 24 to 54 years, undergoing microscopic laryngeal surgery were randomly selected for study. Mivacurium chloride 0.2 mg/kg was given intravenously, and then it was given in continuous infusion to maintain muscle relaxation at 90% twitch block during the procedure. At the end of operation, mivacurium infusion was terminated. In a double-blind manner, group I patients (n = 20) received intravenous edrophonium 1 mg/kg and atropine 0.01 mg/kg for reversal when T1 was at 10% recovery whereas patients in Group II (n = 20) received placebo in the same manner. Mean infusion rate, recovery index (RI50, time from T1 25% to T1 50%; RI75, time from T1 25% to T1 75%), extubation time, and discharge time between groups were compared. Nausea, vomiting, and dysrhythmias were also documented until the patient was discharged from hospital. RESULTS The demographic data between two groups were similar. The recovery index (RI75) for group I was shorter than that of placebo group (5.3 +/- 2.19 min vs. 7.3 +/- 0.9 min) and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.017). There were no statistically significant differences in mean infusion rate, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and discharge time from the POR. The incidence of tachycardia or arrhythmia in group I was significantly greater than that in group placebo. CONCLUSIONS Mivacurium, a short-acting nondepolarizing agent, is a suitable muscle relaxant for patients receiving microscopic laryngeal surgery. Recovery time with the use of edrophonium as reversal agent was shorter than with placebo, but extubation and discharge time did not differ in two groups. The time which could be saved by the use of edrophonium for reversal of mivacurium to hasten the maximal recovery appears to be less than a few minutes. Therefore, clinically, the value of routine use of edrophonium to obtain a faster recovery does not outweigh its demerits of cost and risk and is not worthy of recommendation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Ting
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 201, Sec. 2, Shi-Pai Rd, Pei-Tou 112, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yu MW, Yang YC, Yang SY, Cheng SW, Liaw YF, Lin SM, Chen CJ. Hormonal markers and hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma risk: a nested case-control study among men. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001; 93:1644-51. [PMID: 11698569 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/93.21.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is higher in men than in women. We examined whether endogenous sex hormone levels or hormone-related factors might affect the risk of HCC in men. METHODS Baseline blood samples were collected from 4841 male Taiwanese HBV carriers without diagnosed HCC from 1988 through 1992. Plasma testosterone and estradiol levels and genetic polymorphisms in the hormone-related factors cytochrome P450c17 alpha (CYP17, A1 versus A2 alleles), steroid 5 alpha-reductase type II (SRD5A2, valine [V] versus leucine [L] alleles), and androgen receptor (AR, number of CAG repeats) were assayed among 119 case patients who were diagnosed with HCC during 12 years of follow-up and 238 control subjects. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The risk of HCC increased with increasing concentrations of testosterone (odds ratio [OR](highest versus lowest tertile) = 2.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.54 to 5.70; P(trend) <.001) and with increasing number of the V allele of the SRD5A2 V89L polymorphism (OR(VV versus LL genotype) = 2.47; 95% CI = 1.21 to 5.03; P(trend) =.011). Fewer AR gene CAG repeats (<23 repeats) were associated with a 1.64-fold (95% CI = 1.00 to 2.68) increased risk of HCC. Although the CYP17 genotype alone did not increase the risk of HCC, there was evidence of a gene-gene interaction, because the CYP17 A1 allele statistically significantly increased the risk of HCC in the presence of fewer AR gene CAG repeats (OR = 2.51; 95% CI = 1.06 to 5.94). We found a similar interaction between the SRD5A2 VV genotype and fewer AR gene CAG repeats (OR = 5.58; 95% CI = 1.86 to 16.71). Body mass index (BMI) modified the association of HCC with testosterone and SRD5A2 genotype; in men with low BMI, multivariate-adjusted ORs for the highest tertile of testosterone versus the lowest and the SRD5A2 VV genotype versus the LL genotype were 7.63 (95% CI = 2.13 to 27.27) and 8.64 (95% CI = 2.75 to 27.14), respectively. No clear associations were found between estradiol or testosterone-to-estradiol ratio and HCC. CONCLUSIONS Pathways involving androgen signaling may affect the risk of HBV-related HCC among men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M W Yu
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chao A, Lai CH, Hsueh S, Lin SM, Chang TC. Intralesional injection for hepatic metastasis from cervical carcinoma. A report of two cases. J Reprod Med 2001; 46:1008-12. [PMID: 11762144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of isolated hepatic metastasis from carcinoma of the uterine cervix has yet to be established. We tested the efficacy of percutaneous injection of ethanol and acetic acid as a curative-intent treatment modality for this rare event. CASES Under real-time sonographic guidance, two patients with a solitary hepatic metastasis from carcinoma of the cervix were treated with 99.5% percutaneous ethanol injection (one patient) and 50% percutaneous acetic acid injection (the other patient). The treatment was repeated weekly if laboratory data permitted and aspiration cytology interpreted on site showed tumor cells. Cytology after complete treatment showed no residual tumor cells in either case. Both patients had no evidence of disease during follow-up for 12 and 24 months, respectively. CONCLUSION Treatment was successful in two patients with isolated hepatic metastatic lesions from carcinoma of the cervix who received percutaneous injection of 99.5% ethanol or 50% acetic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chao
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Su NY, Lin SM, Hseu SS, Chu YC, Tsou MY, Lee TY, Tsai SK. Anesthetic management of parturients with Eisenmenger's syndrome--report of two cases. ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SINICA 2001; 39:139-44. [PMID: 11688105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy is badly tolerated in patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome; maternal mortality with coherent fetal morbidity is high. Even with the advancement of both obstetric and anesthetic managements, the maternal mortality still exceeds 25%. Once conception occurs in patients of Eisenmenger's syndrome with severe pulmonary hypertension, interruption of pregnancy is still the best manipulation to be recommended. We report two cases of parturients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, who underwent termination of pregnancy. In this report, the obstetric and anesthetic management of this kind of parturients with Eisenmenger's syndrome has been thoroughly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Y Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hsopital, Department of Anesthesiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
UNLABELLED We initiated the Critical Assessment of Microarray Data Analysis (CAMDA) conference to stimulate and evaluate the development of advanced data analysis techniques for microarrays. A standard data set has been released for this data analysis challenge. The goal of this challenge is to assess the performance of different analytical methods and at the same time to determine how such methods should be evaluated. We hope this effort will catalyze the discussion of microarray data analysis among the research community of biologists, statisticians, mathematicians, and computer scientists. AVAILABILITY http://camda.duke.edu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K F Johnson
- Duke Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|