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Huang X, Shao X, Cheng T, Li J. Laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) with fascial repair (IPOM-plus) for ventral and incisional hernia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hernia 2024; 28:385-400. [PMID: 38319440 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-024-02983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite advancements in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) using the intraperitoneal onlay mesh technique (sIPOM), recurrence remains a common postoperative complication. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the efficacy of defect closure (IPOM-plus) versus non-closure in ventral and incisional hernia repair. The aim is to determine which technique yields better outcomes in terms of reducing recurrence and complication rates. METHODS A comprehensive literature review was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases from their inception until October 1, 2022, to identify all online English publications that compared the outcomes of laparoscopic ventral hernia repair with and without fascia closure. RESULTS Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and eleven cohort studies involving 1585 patients met the inclusion criteria. The IPOM-plus technique was found to reduce the recurrence of hernias (OR = 0.51, 95% CI [0.35, 0.76], p < 0.01), seroma (OR = 0.48, 95% CI [0.32, 0.71], p < 0.01), and mesh bulging (OR = 0.08, 95% CI [0.01, 0.42], p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed that body mass index (BMI) (OR = 0.43, 95% CI [0.29, 0.65], p < 0.0001), type of article (OR = 0.51, 95% CI [0.35, 0.76], p = 0.0008 < 0.01), geographical location (OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.36, 0.82], p = 0.004 < 0.01), follow-up time (OR = 0.50, 95% CI [0.34, 0.73], p = 0.0004 < 0.01) had a significant influence on the postoperative recurrence of the IPOM-plus technique. CONCLUSION The IPOM-plus technique has been shown to greatly reduce the occurrence of recurrence, seroma, and mesh bulging. Overall, the IPOM-plus technique is considered a safe and effective procedure. However, additional randomized controlled studies with extended follow-up periods are necessary to further evaluate the IPOM-plus technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Huang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - X Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - T Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - J Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Du B, Zhang W, Shao X, An J, Ma H, Zhao X, Xu L, An D, Tian Y, Dong Y, Niu H. "Triple-low" radiation dose bronchial artery CT angiography before bronchial artery embolisation: a feasibility study. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e1017-e1022. [PMID: 37813755 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the feasibility of a "triple-low" dose (low tube voltage, low tube current, and low contrast agent volume) bronchial artery computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) to replace routine dose bronchial artery CTA before bronchial artery embolisation (BAE). MATERIALS AND METHODS CTA was obtained from 60 patients with body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2 using a 256 multi-section iCT system, and they were divided into two groups: (1) group A: 100 kVp, 100 mAs, 50 ml contrast medium (CM); (2) group B: 120 kVp, automatic tube current modulation (ACTM), 80 ml CM. CT attenuation of the thoracic aorta, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated, and subjective image quality scores and traceability scores assessed. The effective radiation dose was calculated. RESULTS The radiation dose was reduced by 79.7% in group A compared to group B (p<0.05). The CT attenuation of the thoracic aorta was increased by approximately 13% in group A compared to group B (p<0.05). Higher image noise, lower SNR, and CNR were obtained in group A compared to group B (all p<0.05). Both subjective image quality scores and traceability scores did not differ between groups A and B (both p>0.05). CONCLUSION It is feasible to use the "triple-low" dose CTA protocol for patients with a body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2. The radiation dose was reduced by 79.7%, and the dose of contrast medium was reduced by 37.5% to ensure the diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Du
- Department of Radiology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - W Zhang
- Chengde Medical University, Anyuan Road, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Radiology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - J An
- Department of Interventional Treatment, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066099, Hebei, China
| | - H Ma
- Chengde Medical University, Anyuan Road, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - L Xu
- Department of Radiology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - D An
- Department of Interventional Treatment, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066099, Hebei, China
| | - Y Tian
- Department of Interventional Treatment, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066099, Hebei, China
| | - Y Dong
- Department of Interventional Treatment, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066099, Hebei, China
| | - H Niu
- Department of Interventional Treatment, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066099, Hebei, China.
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Shao X, Bai J, Ji A, Sun W. Retrospective analysis of medical emergencies in an oral emergency department. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2023; 28:e539-e544. [PMID: 37099708 PMCID: PMC10635636 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To retrospectively analyze the rescue of medical emergencies and critical patients in the oral emergency department in a hospital during the past 14 years; analyze the general condition of patients, their diagnosis, etiological factors, and outcomes of the disease, so as to improve the ability of oral medical staff to deal with emergencies; and optimize the emergency procedures and resource allocation in such departments. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data and related information of critical patient emergency rescue from the Emergency Department of the Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University from January 2006 to December 2019, were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 53 critical patients were rescued in the oral emergency department in the past 14 years, which is an average of four cases per year, with an incidence rate of 0.00506%. The main type of emergency included hemorrhagic shock and active hemorrhage, with the highest incidence being in the age group of 19-40 years old. Among these cases, 67.92% (36/53) developed emergency and critical diseases before visiting the oral emergency department and 41.51% (22/53) had systemic diseases. After rescue, a total of 48 patients (90.57%) had stable vital signs and 5 (9.43%) died. CONCLUSIONS Oral doctors and other medical staff should be able to rapidly identify medical emergencies in oral emergency departments and commence emergency treatment. The department should be equipped with relevant first-aid drugs and devices, and medical staff should be regularly trained in practical first-aid skills. Patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma, massive hemorrhage and systemic diseases should be evaluated and treated according to their conditions and systemic organ function to prevent and reduce medical emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shao
- 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District Beijing, 100089, China
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Sun F, Fang C, Shao X, Gao H, Lin Y. A mechanism-based theory of cellular and tissue plasticity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305375120. [PMID: 37871208 PMCID: PMC10622945 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305375120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic deformation in cells and tissues has been found to play crucial roles in collective cell migration, cancer metastasis, and morphogenesis. However, the fundamental question of how plasticity is initiated in individual cells and then propagates within the tissue remains elusive. Here, we develop a mechanism-based theory of cellular and tissue plasticity that accounts for all key processes involved, including the activation and development of active contraction at different scales as well as the formation of endocytic vesicles on cell junctions and show that this theory achieves quantitative agreement with all existing experiments. Specifically, it reveals that, in response to optical or mechanical stimuli, the myosin contraction and thermal fluctuation-assisted formation and pinching of endocytic vesicles could lead to permanent shortening of cell junctions and that such plastic constriction can stretch neighboring cells and trigger their active contraction through mechanochemical feedbacks and eventually their plastic deformations as well. Our theory predicts that endocytic vesicles with a size around 1 to 2 µm will most likely be formed and a higher irreversible shortening of cell junctions could be achieved if a long stimulation is split into multiple short ones, all in quantitative agreement with experiments. Our analysis also shows that constriction of cells in tissue can undergo elastic/unratcheted to plastic/ratcheted transition as the magnitude and duration of active contraction increases, ultimately resulting in the propagation of plastic deformation waves within the monolayer with a constant speed which again is consistent with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen518057, China
| | - Chao Fang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huajian Gao
- College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen518057, China
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
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Shao X, Ding Y. Differential evolution for population diversity mechanism based on covariance matrix. ISA Trans 2023; 141:335-350. [PMID: 37429746 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2023.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Differential evolution (DE) is a heuristic global search algorithm based on population. It has exhibited great adaptability in solving continuous-domain problems, but sometimes suffered from insufficient local search ability and being trapped in local optimum when dealing with complicated optimization problems. To solve these problems, an improved differential evolution algorithm with population diversity mechanism based on covariance matrix (CM-DE) is proposed. First, a new parameter adaptation strategy is used to adapt the control parameters, in which the scale factor F is updated according to the improved wavelet basis function in the early stage and Cauchy distribution in the later stage and the crossover rate CR is generated according to normal distribution. The diversity of population and convergence speed are improved by employing the method above. Second, the perturbation strategy is incorporated into crossover operator to enhance the search ability of DE. Finally, the covariance matrix of the population is constructed, where the variance in the covariance matrix is used as indicator to measure the similarity between individuals in the population in order to prevent the algorithm from falling into local optimum resulted by low population diversity. The CM-DE is compared with the state-of-art DE variants including LSHADE (Tanabe and Fukunaga, 2014), jSO [1], LPalmDE [2], PaDE [3] and LSHADE-cnEpSin [4] under 88 test functions from CEC2013 [5], CEC2014 [6] and CEC2017 (Wu et al., 2017) test suites. From the experiment results, it is obvious that among 30 benchmark functions from CEC2017 on 50D optimization, the CM-DE algorithm has 22, 20, 24, 23, 28 better performances comparing with LSHADE, jSO, LPalmDE, PaDE, and LSHADE-cnEpsin. For CEC2017 on 30D optimization, the proposed algorithm secures better performance on 19 out of 30 benchmark functions in terms of convergence speed. In addition, a real-world application is also used to verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm. The experiment results validate the highly competitive performance in terms of solution accuracy and convergence speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Shao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Yihong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
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Sun S, Shao X, Liu X, Jiang W, Zhang L, Chen J, Wang Y, Xu T, Wu M. Assessing the feasibility of SUVindex (a metric derived from FDG PET/CT) for the diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:737-745. [PMID: 37429761 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the feasibility of standard uptake value (SUV) index (ratio lesional maximum SUV [SUVmax] to liver mean SUV [SUVmean]) as a metabolic parameter for diagnosing polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective group of patients with PMR and controls with symptoms similar to PMR but diagnosed with other diseases. Semiquantitative and qualitative analysis of 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) uptake at 18 sites was undertaken for all patients. The diagnostic value of positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for PMR was assessed by R software using logistic regression and a generalised additive model (GAM). All images were examined independently by two nuclear medicine physicians with extensive work experience. RESULTS The characteristic sites of PMR were the ischial tuberosity, interspinous bursa, periarticular hip, and symphysis pubis enthesis. The area under the curve (AUC) of the characteristic site SUV index was 0.930, and the best cut-off value was 1.685 with a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 92.6%. After adjusting for potential confounders, the probability of PMR diagnosis increased as the characteristic site SUV index increased and there was a nonlinear correlation between the two. When the characteristic site SUV index was ≥2.56, the probability of PMR gradually reached the threshold effect, which was as high as 90% or more. CONCLUSION The characteristic site SUV index is an independent factor for diagnosing PMR, and PMR should be highly suspected when it is ≥ 1.685. Nonetheless, it is important to note that these findings are based on an initial retrospective single-centre study and require external validation and further prospective evaluation before being translated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - W Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - T Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - M Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
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Meng Z, Song Z, Shao X, Zhang J, Xu H. FD-DE: Differential Evolution with fitness deviation based adaptation in parameter control. ISA Trans 2023; 139:272-290. [PMID: 37230905 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Differential Evolution (DE) is arguably one of the most powerful stochastic optimization algorithms for different optimization applications, however, even the state-of-the-art DE variants still have many weaknesses. In this study, a new powerful DE variant for single-objective numerical optimization is proposed, and there are several contributions within it: First, an enhanced wavelet basis function is proposed to generate scale factor F of each individual in the first stage of the evolution; Second, a hybrid trial vector generation strategy with perturbation and t-distribution is advanced to generate different trial vectors regarding different stages of the evolution; Third, a fitness deviation based parameter control is proposed for the adaptation of control parameters; Fourth, a novel diversity indicator is proposed and a restart scheme can be launched if necessary when the quality of the individuals is detected bad. The novel algorithm is validated using a large test suite containing 130 benchmarks from the universal test suites on single-objective numerical optimization, and the results approve the big improvement in comparison with several well-known state-of-the-art DE variants. Moreover, our algorithm is also validated under real-world optimization applications, and the results also support its superiority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Meng
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Applications, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Zhenghao Song
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xueying Shao
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junyuan Zhang
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huarong Xu
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
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Feng H, Liu H, Wang Q, Song M, Yang T, Zheng L, Wu D, Shao X, Shi G. Breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis using a high b-value non-Gaussian continuous-time random-walk model. Clin Radiol 2023:S0009-9260(23)00227-1. [PMID: 37344324 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the diagnostic performance of mono-exponential model-derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) model-derived Dm, α, β and their combinations in discriminating malignancy of breast lesions, and investigate the association between model-derived parameters and prognosis-related immunohistochemical indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 85 patients with breast lesions (51 malignant, 34 benign) were analysed in this retrospective study. Clinical characteristics include oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67. The ADC was fitted using a mono-exponential model (b-values = 0, 800 s/mm2), while Dm, α, and β were fitted using a CTRW model. Independent Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used for the comparison of parameters. Discrimination performance was accomplished by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and Spearman's correlation analysis was used to explore the association between immunohistochemical indices and diffusion parameters, the statistical significance level was p<0.05. RESULTS Dm and ADC demonstrated similar performance in differentiating malignant and benign lesions (AUC = 0.928 versus 0.930), while the combination of Dm, α, and β could improve the AUC to 0.969. The combined parameter generated by ADC, Dm, α, and β was effective in identifying the ER+/ER- and PR+/PR- patients. Temporal heterogeneity parameter α correlated significantly with the expression of PR. CONCLUSION Diffusion parameters derived from the CTRW model could effectively discriminate the malignancy of breast lesions. Meanwhile, the hormone receptor expression could be distinguished by combined diffusion parameters, and have the potential to reflect the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Feng
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - H Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - M Song
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - T Yang
- Shenzhen United Imaging Research Institute of Innovative Medical Equipment, Shenzhen, China
| | - L Zheng
- Shenzhen United Imaging Research Institute of Innovative Medical Equipment, Shenzhen, China
| | - D Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronics Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - G Shi
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Shao X, Zhang Y, Lin Y. Cyclic stretch-regulated wound healing. Biophys J 2023:S0006-3495(23)00273-4. [PMID: 37098651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Living cells often experience cyclic stretches in both physiological and pathological conditions, such as those found during wound closure, embryonic development and pulmonary fibrosis. Critical challenges in the field of mechanobiology are understanding whether cells respond to these stimuli via physiological pathways or by pathological pathways, and how to switch back to physiological homeostasis once the latter occurs. A longstanding model for trying to tease this apart is culturing monolayer cells on a stretchable membrane, which simulates these conditions and potentially enables researchers to examine how cells react to cyclic stretch. The results can vary substantially, depending on the cell type, amplitude, duration and frequency of the applied stretch (1, 2). Specifically, a great diversity of cellular responses (1-4) have been reported, including 1) re-alignment of cells, associated with the remodeling of cellular stress fibers and focal adhesions; 2) altered cell proliferation or apoptosis; 3) migration of cells driven by stretch-triggered formation of lamellipodia; 4) secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that are critical for tissue remodeling; 5) activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and Wnt signaling pathways; and 6) upregulation of genes involved in cell adhesion and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yuanjun Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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Fang C, Shao X, Tian Y, Chu Z, Lin Y. Size-dependent response of cells in epithelial tissue modulated by contractile stress fibers. Biophys J 2023; 122:1315-1324. [PMID: 36809876 PMCID: PMC10111366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cells with distinct apical areas have been widely observed in epithelial tissues, how the size of cells affects their behavior during tissue deformation and morphogenesis as well as key physical factors modulating such influence remains elusive. Here, we showed that the elongation of cells within the monolayer under anisotropic biaxial stretching increases with their size because the strain released by local cell rearrangement (i.e., T1 transition) is more significant for small cells that possess higher contractility. On the other hand, by incorporating the nucleation, peeling, merging, and breakage dynamics of subcellular stress fibers into classical vertex formulation, we found that stress fibers with orientations predominantly aligned with the main stretching direction will be formed at tricellular junctions, in good agreement with recent experiments. The contractile forces generated by stress fibers help cells to resist imposed stretching, reduce the occurrence of T1 transitions, and, consequently, modulate their size-dependent elongation. Our findings demonstrate that epithelial cells could utilize their size and internal structure to regulate their physical and related biological behaviors. The theoretical framework proposed here can also be extended to investigate the roles of cell geometry and intracellular contraction in processes such as collective cell migration and embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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Wang R, Baxi V, Li Z, Locke D, Hedvat C, Sun Y, Walsh AM, Shao X, Basavanhally T, Greenawalt DM, Patah P, Novosiadly R. Pharmacodynamic activity of BMS-986156, a glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-related protein agonist, alone or in combination with nivolumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. ESMO Open 2023; 8:100784. [PMID: 36863094 PMCID: PMC10163007 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The success of immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized cancer treatment options and triggered development of new complementary immunotherapeutic strategies, including T-cell co-stimulatory molecules, such as glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein (GITR). BMS-986156 is a fully agonistic human immunoglobulin G subclass 1 monoclonal antibody targeting GITR. We recently presented the clinical data for BMS-986156 with or without nivolumab, which demonstrated no compelling evidence of clinical activity in patients with advanced solid tumors. Here, we further report the pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarker data from this open-label, first-in-human, phase I/IIa study of BMS-986156 ± nivolumab in patients with advanced solid tumors (NCT02598960). MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed PD changes of circulating immune cell subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood or serum samples collected from a dataset of 292 patients with solid tumors before and during treatment with BMS-986156 ± nivolumab. PD changes in the tumor immune microenvironment were measured by immunohistochemistry and a targeted gene expression panel. RESULTS BMS-986156 + nivolumab induced a significant increase in peripheral T-cell and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation and activation, accompanied by production of proinflammatory cytokines. However, no significant changes in expression of CD8A, programmed death-ligand 1, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily members, or key genes linked with functional parameters of T and NK cells were observed in tumor tissue upon treatment with BMS-986156. CONCLUSIONS Despite the robust evidence of peripheral PD activity of BMS-986156, with or without nivolumab, limited evidence of T- or NK cell activation in the tumor microenvironment was observed. The data therefore explain, at least in part, the lack of clinical activity of BMS-986156 with or without nivolumab in unselected populations of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wang
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - V Baxi
- Informatics & Predictive Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - Z Li
- Lead Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - D Locke
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - C Hedvat
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - Y Sun
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - A M Walsh
- Informatics & Predictive Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - X Shao
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - T Basavanhally
- Informatics & Predictive Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - D M Greenawalt
- Informatics & Predictive Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - P Patah
- Global Clinical Research, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA
| | - R Novosiadly
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, USA.
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Gong CX, Shao X, Fan QH. [Inflammatory rhabdomyoblastic tumor: a clinicopathological analysis of 3 cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:169-171. [PMID: 36748140 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220507-00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C X Gong
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Q H Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Department of Pathology, the People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province), Nanjing 210029, China
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Shao X, Liu H, Hou F, Bai Y, Cui Z, Lin Y, Jiang X, Bai P, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Lu C, Liu H, Zhou S, Yu P. Development and validation of risk prediction models for stroke and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes in northern China. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:271-283. [PMID: 35972686 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Risk models have been developed for predicting stroke and stroke-associated mortality among patients with T2DM. Here, we evaluated risk factors of stroke for individualized prevention measures in patients with T2DM in northern China. METHODS In the community-based Tianjin Chronic Disease Cohort study, 58,042 patients were enrolled between January 2014 and December 2019. We used multiple imputation (MI) to impute missing variables and univariate and multivariate Cox's proportional hazard regression to screen risk factors of stroke. Furthermore, we established and validated first-ever prediction models for stroke (Model 1 and Model 2) and death from stroke (Model 3) and evaluated their performance. RESULTS In the derivation and validation groups, the area under the curves (AUCs) of Models 1-3 was better at 5 years than at 8 years. The Harrell's C-index for all models was above 0.7. All models had good calibration, discrimination, and clinical net benefit. Sensitivity analysis using the MI dataset indicated that all models had good and stable prediction performance. CONCLUSION In this study, we developed and validated first-ever risk prediction models for stroke and death from stroke in patients with T2DM, with good discrimination and calibration observed in all models. Based on lifestyle, demographic characteristics, and laboratory examination, these models could provide multidimensional management and individualized risk assessment. However, the models developed here may only be applicable to Han Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - H Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - F Hou
- Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
| | - Y Bai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Z Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Y Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - X Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - P Bai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Y Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
| | - C Lu
- Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
| | - H Liu
- Community Health Service Center, Jiefang Road, Tanggu Street, Binhai New District, Tianjin, China
| | - S Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - P Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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xing S, Gao T, Jin C, Dong H, Shao X, Wang K, Zhu B. Diastereoselective Access to cis‐1,4‐Disubstitued Tetrahydro‐γ‐carbolines via a [Cp*RhCl2]2‐Catalyzed Formal [3+3]‐Cycloaddition. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202201062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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15
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Zhang Y, Dilimulati D, Chen D, Cai M, You H, Sun H, Gao X, Shao X, Zhang M, Qu S. Serum fibrinogen-like protein 1 as a novel biomarker in polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:2123-2130. [PMID: 35790683 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01844-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL-1) concentrations and various metabolic characteristics in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and explore whether FGL-1 could be a predictive biomarker for PCOS. METHODS This case-control study included 136 patients with PCOS and 34 normal controls recruited in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital between May 2017 and June 2021. Anthropometric characteristics, metabolic parameters, and reproductive hormones were collected. Serum FGL-1 measurement was conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS Serum FGL-1 concentrations were higher in patients with PCOS than in control subjects in body mass index (BMI) subgroups, insulin resistance (IR) subgroups, and hepatic function subgroups, respectively. Serum FGL-1 concentrations were significantly associated with BMI, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and serum uric acid (SUA) in all individuals. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the best cutoff value for FGL-1 levels to predict PCOS was 21.02 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 74.3% and a specificity of 70.6%. Both univariate and multiple logistic regressions indicated that the odds ratio (OR) for PCOS significantly increased in the subjects with high levels of FGL-1. CONCLUSION In our study, FGL-1 was associated with serum aminotransferase and various metabolic indexes. Moreover, the high risk of PCOS was independently associated with the increased FGL-1 levels, which suggested that FGL-1 could be a predictive biomarker for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - D Dilimulati
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - D Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - M Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - H You
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - H Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - X Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - S Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
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Li N, Li J, Yan R, Zhang BZ, Shao X, Wang HX. [Percutaneous transhepatic access for catheter ablation of a patient with heterotaxy syndrome complicating with atrial fibrillation: a case report]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2022; 50:819-821. [PMID: 35982017 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220609-00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - R Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - B Z Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - H X Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
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Shao X, Kong W, Li Y, Zhang S. Quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling reveals the minimal sequence requirement and amino acid preference of sirtuin-1's deacetylation substrates in diabetes mellitus. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2022; 20:2250008. [PMID: 35451939 DOI: 10.1142/s0219720022500081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD[Formula: see text]-dependent deacetylase involved in multiple glucose metabolism pathways and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). The enzyme specifically recognizes its deacetylation substrates' peptide segments containing a central acetyl-lysine residue as well as a number of amino acids flanking the central residue. In this study, we attempted to ascertain the minimal sequence requirement (MSR) around the central acetyl-lysine residue of SIRT1 substrate-recognition sites as well as the amino acid preference (AAP) at different residues of the MSR window through quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) strategy, which would benefit our understanding of SIRT1 substrate specificity at the molecular level and is also helpful to rationally design substrate-mimicking peptidic agents against DM by competitively targeting SIRT1 active site. In this procedure, a large-scale dataset containing 6801 13-mer acetyl-lysine peptides (and their SIRT1-catalyized deacetylation activities) were compiled to train 10 QSAR regression models developed by systematic combination of machine learning methods (PLS and SVM) and five amino acids descriptors (DPPS, T-scale, MolSurf, [Formula: see text]-score, and FASGAI). The two best QSAR models (PLS+FASGAI and SVM+DPPS) were then employed to statistically examine the contribution of residue positions to the deacetylation activity of acetyl-lysine peptide substrates, revealing that the MSR can be represented by 5-mer acetyl-lysine peptides that meet a consensus motif X[Formula: see text]X[Formula: see text]X[Formula: see text](AcK)0X[Formula: see text]. Structural analysis found that the X[Formula: see text] and (AcK)0 residues are tightly packed against the enzyme active site and confer both stability and specificity for the enzyme-substrate complex, whereas the X[Formula: see text], X[Formula: see text] and X[Formula: see text] residues are partially exposed to solvent but can also effectively stabilize the complex system. Subsequently, a systematic deacetylation activity change profile (SDACP) was created based on QSAR modeling, from which the AAP for each residue position of MSR was depicted. With the profile, we were able to rationally design an SDACP combinatorial library with promising deacetylation activity, from which nine MSR acetyl-lysine peptides as well as two known SIRT1 acetyl-lysine peptide substrates were tested by using SIRT1 deacetylation assay. It is revealed that the designed peptides exhibit a comparable or even higher activity than the controls, although the former is considerably shorter than the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Suzhou 215000, P. R. China
| | - W Kong
- Department of Nephrology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Suzhou 215000, P. R. China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Nephrology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Suzhou 215000, P. R. China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Suzhou 215000, P. R. China
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Yan Z, Xia X, Cho WC, Au DW, Shao X, Fang C, Tian Y, Lin Y. Rapid Plastic Deformation of Cancer Cells Correlates with High Metastatic Potential (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 8/2022). Adv Healthc Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202270040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang Q, Yin B, Hao J, Ma L, Huang Y, Shao X, Li C, Chu Z, Yi C, Wong SHD, Yang M. An AIEgen/graphene oxide nanocomposite (AIEgen@GO)-based two-stage "turn-on" nucleic acid biosensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral sequence. Aggregate (Hoboken) 2022; 4:e195. [PMID: 35539693 PMCID: PMC9073974 DOI: 10.1002/agt2.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has posed significant challenges in early viral diagnosis. Hence, it is urgently desirable to develop a rapid, inexpensive, and sensitive method to aid point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 detection. In this work, we report a highly sequence-specific biosensor based on nanocomposites with aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgen)-labeled oligonucleotide probes on graphene oxide nanosheets (AIEgen@GO) for one step-detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific nucleic acid sequences (Orf1ab or N genes). A dual "turn-on" mechanism based on AIEgen@GO was established for viral nucleic acids detection. Here, the first-stage fluorescence recovery was due to dissociation of the AIEgen from GO surface in the presence of target viral nucleic acid, and the second-stage enhancement of AIE-based fluorescent signal was due to the formation of a nucleic acid duplex to restrict the intramolecular rotation of the AIEgen. Furthermore, the feasibility of our platform for diagnostic application was demonstrated by detecting SARS-CoV-2 virus plasmids containing both Orf1ab and N genes with rapid detection around 1 h and good sensitivity at pM level without amplification. Our platform shows great promise in assisting the initial rapid detection of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid sequence before utilizing quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for second confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Bohan Yin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Jianhua Hao
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Linjie Ma
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringJoint Appointment with School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Yingying Huang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Xueying Shao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringJoint Appointment with School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Chuanqi Li
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringJoint Appointment with School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Changqing Yi
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments (Guangdong Province)School of Biomedical EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Siu Hong Dexter Wong
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
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Yan Z, Xia X, Cho WC, Au DW, Shao X, Fang C, Tian Y, Lin Y. Rapid Plastic Deformation of Cancer Cells Correlates with High Metastatic Potential. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101657. [PMID: 35014196 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis plays a crucial role in tumor development, however, lack of quantitative methods to characterize the capability of cells to undergo plastic deformations has hindered the understanding of this important process. Here, a microfluidic system capable of imposing precisely controlled cyclic deformation on cells and therefore probing their viscoelastic and plastic characteristics is developed. Interestingly, it is found that significant plastic strain can accumulate rapidly in highly invasive cancer cell lines and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from late-stage lung cancer patients with a characteristic time of a few seconds. In constrast, very little irreversible deformation is observed in the less invasive cell lines and CTCs from early-stage lung cancer patients, highlighting the potential of using the plastic response of cells as a novel marker in future cancer study. Furthermore, author showed that the observed irreversible deformation should originate mainly from cytoskeleton damage, rather than plasticity of the cell nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishen Yan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
- HKU‐Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU‐SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Xingyu Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
- HKU‐Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU‐SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Dennis W. Au
- Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
- HKU‐Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU‐SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
- HKU‐Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU‐SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
- HKU‐Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU‐SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science Park Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong
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Chen X, Han P, Song P, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Niu J, Yu C, Ding W, Zhao J, Zhang L, Qi H, Shao X, Su H, Guo Q. Mediating Effects of Malnutrition on the Relationship between Depressive Symptoms Clusters and Muscle Function Rather than Muscle Mass in Older Hemodialysis Patients. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:461-468. [PMID: 35587758 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the association and mediation pathways among muscle mass, muscle function (muscle strength and physical performance), and malnutrition with depressive symptoms clusters in the older hemodialysis patients. DESIGN A multi-center cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 499 patients aged ≥ 60 on hemodialysis from seven facilities in Shanghai of China from 2020 to 2021. MEASUREMENTS Muscle mass was assessed by skeletal muscle index(SMI). Muscle strength was measured by handgrip strength, and physical performance was measured via gait speed and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Nutritional status was assessed by Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS). Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Logistic regression and mediation analyses fully adjusted for all potential confounding factors. RESULTS Among 499 participants (312 men, mean age 69.2±6.6 years), 108 (21.6%) had depressive symptoms. The muscle strength, physical performance and malnutrition were associated with depressive symptoms. Furthermore, malnutrition significantly mediated the association of muscle function with total, cognitive-affective symptoms. The association of the muscle function with somatic symptoms were mediated by the nutritional status. The mediated proportions of malnutrition in the relationship between physical performance and depressive symptoms clusters were stronger in somatic symptoms than in cognitive-affective symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that muscle function rather than muscle mass may contribute substantially to the development of depressive symptoms clusters in the hemodialysis via malnutrition. The malnutrition mediated stronger in the association of muscle function with somatic symptoms. These findings may help guide clinicians to better diagnose and manage depression in the context of concomitant muscle function and malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Qi Guo, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China, Phone: 86-22-8333-6977, Fax: 86-22-8333-6977, E-mail:
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Niknafs N, Forde P, Lanis M, Belcaid Z, Smith K, Sun Z, Balan A, White J, Cherry C, Shivakumar A, Shao X, Kindler H, Purcell T, Santana-Davila R, Dudek A, Borghaei H, Illei P, Velculescu V, Karchin R, Brahmer J, Ramalingam S, Anagnostou V. OA12.01 Genomic and Immune Cell Landscape of Response to Chemo-Immunotherapy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yin F, Pang H, Zhu L, Liu P, Shao X, Liu Q, Wu J. The role of proactive behavior on COVID-19 infordemic in the Chinese Sina-Microblog: a modeling study. Math Biosci Eng 2021; 18:7389-7401. [PMID: 34814254 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to avoid forming an information cocoon, the information propagation of COVID-19 is usually created through the action of "proactive search", an important behavior other than "reactive follow". This behavior has been largely ignored in modeling information dynamics. Here, we propose to fill in this gap by proposing a proactive-reactive susceptible-discussing-immune (PR-SFI) model to describe the patterns of co-propagation on social networks. This model is based on the forwarding quantity and takes into account both proactive search and reactive follow behaviors. The PR-SFI model is parameterized by data fitting using real data of COVID-19 related topics in the Chinese Sina-Microblog, and the model is calibrated and validated using the prediction accuracy of the accumulated forwarding users. Our sensitivity analysis and numerical experiments provide insights about optimal strategies for public health emergency information dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication, Communication University of China, Beijing, 100024, China
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Hongyu Pang
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Lingyao Zhu
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Peiqi Liu
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Xueying Shao
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Qingyu Liu
- The third construction CO.LTD of China construction third engineering bureau Beijing, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Jianhong Wu
- Fields-CQAM Laboratory of Mathematics for Public Health, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, Toronto M3J1P3, Canada
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Fang C, Wei X, Shao X, Lin Y. Force-mediated cellular anisotropy and plasticity dictate the elongation dynamics of embryos. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabg3264. [PMID: 34193426 PMCID: PMC8245039 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg3264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed a unified dynamic model to explain how cellular anisotropy and plasticity, induced by alignment and severing/rebundling of actin filaments, dictate the elongation dynamics of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. It was found that the gradual alignment of F-actins must be synchronized with the development of intracellular forces for the embryo to elongate, which is then further sustained by muscle contraction-triggered plastic deformation of cells. In addition, we showed that preestablished anisotropy is essential for the proper onset of the process while defects in the integrity or bundling kinetics of actin bundles result in abnormal embryo elongation, all in good agreement with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Yin F, Pang H, Xia X, Shao X, Wu J. COVID-19 information contact and participation analysis and dynamic prediction in the Chinese Sina-microblog. Physica A 2021; 570:125788. [PMID: 33551542 PMCID: PMC7845521 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2021.125788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) aroused great public opinion in the Chinese Sina-microblog. To help in designing effective communication strategies during a major public health emergency, we analyze the real data of COVID-19 information and propose a comprehensive susceptible-reading-forwarding-immune (SRFI) model to understand the patterns of key information propagation considering both public contact and participation. We develop the SRFI model, based on the public reading quantity and forwarding quantity that denote contact and participation respectively, and take into account the behavior that users may re-enter another related topic during the attention phase or the participation phase freely. Data fitting using the real data of both reading quantity and forwarding quantity obtained from Chinese Sina-microblog can parameterize the model to make an accurate prediction of the COVID-19 public opinion trend until the next major news item occurs, and the sensitivity analysis provides the basic strategies for communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulian Yin
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing, 100024, PR China
| | - Hongyu Pang
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing, 100024, PR China
| | - Xinyu Xia
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing, 100024, PR China
| | - Xueying Shao
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing, 100024, PR China
| | - Jianhong Wu
- Fields-CQAM Laboratory of Mathematics for Public Health, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, Toronto, M3J1P3, Canada
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Shen Q, Liu C, Zhang X, Yu Y, Huang X, Shao X, Zhang C. A vascularized bone graft harvested from the dorsal base of the third metacarpal bone for the treatment of scaphoid nonunion. Hand Surg Rehabil 2021; 40:439-447. [PMID: 33839334 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective study was to introduce the use of an alternative vascularized bone graft for treating scaphoid non-union. The vascularized bone graft was harvested from the dorsal base of the third metacarpal bone. From May 2014 to September 2017, 29 patients with scaphoid non-union were treated. Grip and pinch strengths were compared to the contralateral side. The patients rated wrist joint pain on a visual analogue scale. Wrist function was assessed on Mayo Wrist Score. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 18 scaphoids healed at 6 weeks and the other 11 at 16 weeks. Follow-up ranged from 28 to 73 months, for a mean 48 months. At final follow-up, mean wrist flexion had improved from 65° (range, 51°-81°) preoperatively to 72° (range, 61-78°) (p > 0.05), for a contralateral value of 74° (range, 65°-86°). Mean extension had improved from 56° (range, 44°-72°) to 60° (range, 47°-76°) (p > 0.05) for a contralateral value of 66° (range, 52°-80°). Mean wrist pain improved from 4 (range, 3-8) to 2 (range, 0-4) (p < 0.05). Mean pinch strength improved from 6.4 kg (range, 5.2-7.3 kg) to 8.6 kg (6.1-9.9 kg) (p < 0.05). Mayo Wrist Score improved from 49 (range, 10-65) to 92 (range, 70-100) (p < 0.05). Transferring a vascularized bone graft harvested from the base of the third metacarpal bone was an effective alternative for the treatment of scaphoid non-union, achieving bone healing and normal wrist function without significant donor-site morbidity. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Shen
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Armed Police Corps Hospital of Hebei, Xinhuaxi Road 130, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - C Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Armed Police Corps Hospital of Hebei, Xinhuaxi Road 130, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Zhiqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Zhiqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - X Huang
- The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Mingshuihuiquan Road 1920, Zhangqiu, Shandong, 250200, China.
| | - X Shao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Zhiqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Zhiqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
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Yin F, Shao X, Ji M, Wu J. Quantifying the Influence of Delay in Opinion Transmission of COVID-19 Information Propagation: Modeling Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25734. [PMID: 33529153 PMCID: PMC7886376 DOI: 10.2196/25734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In a fast-evolving public health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple pieces of relevant information can be posted sequentially on a social media platform. The interval between subsequent posting times may have a different impact on the transmission and cross-propagation of the old and new information that results in a different peak value and a final size of forwarding users of the new information, depending on the content correlation and whether the new information is posted during the outbreak or quasi–steady-state phase of the old information. Objective This study aims to help in designing effective communication strategies to ensure information is delivered to the maximal number of users. Methods We developed and analyzed two classes of susceptible-forwarding-immune information propagation models with delay in transmission to describe the cross-propagation process of relevant information. A total of 28,661 retweets of typical information were posted frequently by each opinion leader related to COVID-19 with high influence (data acquisition up to February 19, 2020). The information was processed into discrete points with a frequency of 10 minutes, and the real data were fitted by the model numerical simulation. Furthermore, the influence of parameters on information dissemination and the design of a publishing strategy were analyzed. Results The current epidemic outbreak situation, epidemic prevention, and other related authoritative information cannot be timely and effectively browsed by the public. The ingenious use of information release intervals can effectively enhance the interaction between information and realize the effective diffusion of information. We parameterized our models using real data from Sina Microblog and used the parameterized models to define and evaluate mutual attractiveness indexes, and we used these indexes and parameter sensitivity analyses to inform optimal strategies for new information to be effectively propagated in the microblog. The results of the parameter analysis showed that using different attractiveness indexes as the key parameters can control the information transmission with different release intervals, so it is considered as a key link in the design of an information communication strategy. At the same time, the dynamic process of information was analyzed through index evaluation. Conclusions Our model can carry out an accurate numerical simulation of information at different release intervals and achieve a dynamic evaluation of information transmission by constructing an indicator system so as to provide theoretical support and strategic suggestions for government decision making. This study optimizes information posting strategies to maximize communication efforts for delivering key public health messages to the public for better outcomes of public health emergency management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulian Yin
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Shao
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Meiqi Ji
- College of Information and Communication Engineering, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhong Wu
- Fields-CQAM Laboratory of Mathematics for Public Health, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Shao X, Sørensen MH, Fang C, Chang RCC, Chu Z, Lin Y. Maturation of Neural Cells Leads to Enhanced Axon-Extracellular Matrix Adhesion and Altered Injury Response. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:621777. [PMID: 33490057 PMCID: PMC7815929 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.621777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is known that stronger cell-extracellular matrix interactions will be developed as neurons mature, how such change influences their response against traumatic injury remains largely unknown. In this report, by transecting axons with a sharp atomic force microscope tip, we showed that the injury-induced retracting motion of axon can be temporarily arrested by tight NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule) mediated adhesion patches, leading to a retraction curve decorated with sudden bursts. Interestingly, although the size of adhesion clusters (~0.5–1 μm) was found to be more or less the same in mature and immature neurons (after 7- and 3-days of culturing, respectively), the areal density of such clusters is three times higher in mature axons resulting in a much reduced retraction in response to injury. A physical model was also adopted to explain the observed retraction trajectories which suggested that apparent adhesion energy between axon and the substrate increases from ~0.12 to 0.39 mJ/m2 as neural cell matures, in good agreement with our experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Joint Appointment With School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maja Højvang Sørensen
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Raymond Chuen Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Joint Appointment With School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, China
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Li J, Shao X, Ji Z. Comment to: "Outcomes of concomitant mesh placement and intestinal procedures during open ventral hernia repair". Hernia 2021; 26:367-368. [PMID: 33433740 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-020-02368-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - X Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Z Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Xue Y, Bao Y, Zhang Z, Zhao W, Xiao J, He S, Zhang G, Li Y, Zhao G, Chen R, Song S, Ma L, Zou D, Tian D, Li C, Zhu J, Gong Z, Chen M, Wang A, Ma Y, Li M, Teng X, Cui Y, Duan G, Zhang M, Jin T, Shi C, Du Z, Zhang Y, Liu C, Li R, Zeng J, Hao L, Jiang S, Chen H, Han D, Xiao J, Zhang Z, Zhao W, Xue Y, Bao Y, Zhang T, Kang W, Yang F, Qu J, Zhang W, Bao Y, Liu GH, Liu L, Zhang Y, Niu G, Zhu T, Feng C, Liu X, Zhang Y, Li Z, Chen R, Li Q, Teng X, Ma L, Hua Z, Tian D, Jiang C, Chen Z, He F, Zhao Y, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Huang L, Song S, Yuan Y, Zhou C, Xu Q, He S, Ye W, Cao R, Wang P, Ling Y, Yan X, Wang Q, Zhang G, Li Z, Liu L, Jiang S, Li Q, Feng C, Du Q, Ma L, Zong W, Kang H, Zhang M, Xiong Z, Li R, Huan W, Ling Y, Zhang S, Xia Q, Cao R, Fan X, Wang Z, Zhang G, Chen X, Chen T, Zhang S, Tang B, Zhu J, Dong L, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Kang H, Wang Y, Ma Y, Wu S, Kang H, Chen M, Li C, Tian D, Tang B, Liu X, Teng X, Song S, Tian D, Liu X, Li C, Teng X, Song S, Zhang Y, Zou D, Zhu T, Chen M, Niu G, Liu C, Xiong Y, Hao L, Niu G, Zou D, Zhu T, Shao X, Hao L, Li Y, Zhou H, Chen X, Zheng Y, Kang Q, Hao D, Zhang L, Luo H, Hao Y, Chen R, Zhang P, He S, Zou D, Zhang M, Xiong Z, Nie Z, Yu S, Li R, Li M, Li R, Bao Y, Xiong Z, Li M, Yang F, Ma Y, Sang J, Li Z, Li R, Tang B, Zhang X, Dong L, Zhou Q, Cui Y, Zhai S, Zhang Y, Wang G, Zhao W, Wang Z, Zhu Q, Li X, Zhu J, Tian D, Kang H, Li C, Zhang S, Song S, Li M, Zhao W, Yan J, Sang J, Zou D, Li C, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhu T, Song S, Wang X, Hao L, Liu Y, Wang Z, Luo H, Zhu J, Wu X, Tian D, Li C, Zhao W, Jing HC, Chen M, Zou D, Hao L, Zhao L, Wang J, Li Y, Song T, Zheng Y, Chen R, Zhao Y, He S, Zou D, Mehmood F, Ali S, Ali A, Saleem S, Hussain I, Abbasi AA, Ma L, Zou D, Zou D, Jiang S, Zhang Z, Jiang S, Zhao W, Xiao J, Bao Y, Zhang Z, Zuo Z, Ren J, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Li X, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Li X, Tu Y, Xue Y, Wu W, Ji P, Zhao F, Meng X, Chen M, Peng D, Xue Y, Luo H, Gao F, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Li X, Ning W, Xue Y, Lin S, Xue Y, Liu T, Guo AY, Yuan H, Zhang YE, Tan X, Xue Y, Zhang W, Xue Y, Xie Y, Ren J, Wang C, Xue Y, Liu CJ, Guo AY, Yang DC, Tian F, Gao G, Tang D, Xue Y, Yao L, Xue Y, Cui Q, An NA, Li CY, Luo X, Ren J, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Li X. Database Resources of the National Genomics Data Center, China National Center for Bioinformation in 2021. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:D18-D28. [PMID: 33175170 PMCID: PMC7779035 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The National Genomics Data Center (NGDC), part of the China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB), provides a suite of database resources to support worldwide research activities in both academia and industry. With the explosive growth of multi-omics data, CNCB-NGDC is continually expanding, updating and enriching its core database resources through big data deposition, integration and translation. In the past year, considerable efforts have been devoted to 2019nCoVR, a newly established resource providing a global landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences, variants, and haplotypes, as well as Aging Atlas, BrainBase, GTDB (Glycosyltransferases Database), LncExpDB, and TransCirc (Translation potential for circular RNAs). Meanwhile, a series of resources have been updated and improved, including BioProject, BioSample, GWH (Genome Warehouse), GVM (Genome Variation Map), GEN (Gene Expression Nebulas) as well as several biodiversity and plant resources. Particularly, BIG Search, a scalable, one-stop, cross-database search engine, has been significantly updated by providing easy access to a large number of internal and external biological resources from CNCB-NGDC, our partners, EBI and NCBI. All of these resources along with their services are publicly accessible at https://bigd.big.ac.cn.
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Shao X, Kong WX, Li YT. MiR-133 inhibits kidney injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy via MAPK/ERK pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:10957-10963. [PMID: 31858564 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201912_19799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the effect of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-133 on kidney injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN) through the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The model of DN was first established in rats. Blood glucose, renal index, urinary micro-albumin (UMA), and creatinine clearance rate (CCr) were detected. Meanwhile, the protein expression levels of miR-133, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured using Western blotting. Human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line human kidney-2 (HK-2) was treated with high glucose to simulate DN cells in vivo. Subsequently, Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expression of KIM-1. After HK-2 cells were treated with high glucose and silenced miR-133 for 24 h, the expression changes in KIM-1 was evaluated. RESULTS In DN group, blood glucose, renal index, UMA, and CCr were all markedly higher than those of control group. This indicated the successful establishment of DN model in rats. The expression level of miR-133 was significantly up-regulated in DN model rats. Meanwhile, the downstream protein phosphorylated-EPK (p-EPK) showed a significantly increasing trend as well. Additionally, the protein expressions of KIM-1 and IL-8 were notably elevated. High-glucose-treated HK-2 cells showed significantly up-regulated expression levels of miR-133, KIM-1, and IL-8. After 24 h of combined treatment with high glucose and miR-133 silence, the expressions of KIM-1 and IL-8 were markedly down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS MiR-133 may be related to the occurrence and development of DN. The silence of miR-133 inhibits kidney injury in DN via the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Our findings suggest that miR-133 may be an effective target for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Suzhou, China.
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Shao X, Bevilacqua G, Ciarletta P, Saylor JR, Bostwick JB. Experimental observation of Faraday waves in soft gels. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:060602. [PMID: 33466108 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.060602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the experimental observation of Faraday waves on soft gels. These were obtained using agarose in a mechanically vibrated cylindrical container. Low driving frequencies induce subharmonic standing waves with spatial structure that conforms to the geometry of the container. We report the experimental observation of the first 15 resonant Faraday wave modes that can be defined by the mode number (n,ℓ) pair. We also characterize the shape of the instability tongue and show the complex dependence upon material properties can be understood as an elastocapillary effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, 29634 South Carolina, USA
| | - G Bevilacqua
- MOX, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano, Italy
| | - P Ciarletta
- MOX, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano, Italy
| | - J R Saylor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, 29634 South Carolina, USA
| | - J B Bostwick
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, 29634 South Carolina, USA
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Cai L, Li H, Guo J, Zhao W, Li Y, Duan Y, Hou X, Cheng L, Du H, Shao X, Diao Z, Hao Y, Li C. 176P Effect of adjuvant lenvatinib (LEN) on tumour recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and high residual alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) following resection or ablation: A single-center, retrospective study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Shi H, Shao X, Hong Y. Association between cigarette smoking and the susceptibility of acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:10049-10057. [PMID: 31799675 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201911_19572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the association between cigarette smoking and the susceptibility of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched relevant articles from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane by 1st December, 2018. This meta-analysis included 20 case-control studies, involving 7,538 AML patients and 137,924 healthy controls. Studies reported OR and 95%CI of the correlation between cigarette smoking and AML susceptibility were eligible. Subsequently, the included data were weighted by an inverse variance and analyzed using fixed-effects or random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on ethnicities and sources of controls. Heterogeneity test was applied for the included articles. Data analyses were conducted using STATA 12.0. RESULTS Current smokers (OR=1.42, 95%CI= 1.28-1.57; p=0.392) and ever-smokers (OR=1.16, 95%CI=1.05-1.28; p=0.036) were associated with AML susceptibility. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, only current smokers (OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.29-1.63; p=0.371) and ever-smokers (OR=1.16, 95%CI=1.03-1.30; p=0.034) of the Caucasian population were associated with AML susceptibility. Stratified analysis based on SOC (source of controls) indicated increased susceptibility of AML in current smokers (OR=1.43, 95%CI=1.26-1.63; p=0.283) and ever-smokers (OR=1.20, 95%CI=1.07-1.35; p=0.078) of the population-based group. Nevertheless, only current smokers in the hospital-based group had increased susceptibility of AML (OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.19-1.76; p=0.198). The risks of AML in ever-smokers (OR=1.04, 95%CI = 0.81-1.35; p=0.054) of the hospital-based group did not remarkably changed. CONCLUSIONS In this meta-analysis, we confirmed the association between cigarette smoking and onset risk of AML, especially in the Caucasian population. High-quality, large-scale researches are required to be conducted in multi-center hospitals for verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Lee H, Gan Z, Chen M, Min S, Yang J, Xu Z, Shao X, Lin Y, Li WD, Kim JT. On-Demand 3D Printing of Nanowire Probes for High-Aspect-Ratio Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:46571-46577. [PMID: 32924414 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the growing importance of three-dimensional (3D) nanomaterials and devices, there has been a great demand for high-fidelity, full profile topographic characterizations in a nondestructive manner. A promising route is to employ a high-aspect-ratio (HAR) probe in atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. However, the fabrication of HAR-AFM probes continues to suffer from extravagant cost, limited material choice, and complicated manufacturing steps. Here, we report one-step, on-demand electrohydrodynamic 3D printing of metallic HAR-AFM probes with tailored dimensions. Our additive fabrication approach yields a freestanding metallic nanowire with an aspect ratio over 30 directly on a cantilever within tens of seconds, producing a HAR-AFM probe. Furthermore, the benefits associated with unprecedented simplicity in the probe's dimension control, material selection, and regeneration are provided. The 3D-printed HAR-AFM probe exhibits a better fidelity in deep trench AFM imaging than a standard pyramidal probe. We expect this approach to find facile, material-saving manufacturing routes in particular for customizing functional nanoprobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heekwon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhuofei Gan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mojun Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyi Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jihyuk Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhaoyi Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Di Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ji Tae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Hui TH, Shao X, Au DW, Cho WC, Lin Y. Detection of the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition of invasive non-small cell lung cancer cells by their membrane undulation spectra. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29999-30006. [PMID: 35518210 PMCID: PMC9056320 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06255c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A cancer cell changes its state from being epithelial- to mesenchymal-like in a dynamic manner during tumor progression. For example, it is well known that mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) is essential for cancer cells to regain the capability of seeding on and then invading secondary/tertiary regions. However, there is no fast yet reliable method for detecting this transition. Here, we showed that membrane undulation of invasive cancer cells could be used as a novel marker for MET detection, both in invasive model cell lines and repopulated circulating tumor cells (rCTCs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Specifically, using atomic force microscopy (AFM), it was found that the surface oscillation spectra of different cancer cells, after undergoing MET, all exhibited two distinct peaks from 0.001 to 0.007 Hz that are absent in the spectra before MET. In addition, by adopting the long short-term memory (LSTM) based recurrent neural network learning algorithm, we showed that the positions of recorded membrane undulation peaks can be used to predict the occurrence of MET in invasive NSCLC cells with high accuracy (>90% for model cell lines and >80% for rCTCs when benchmarking against the conventional bio-marker vimentin). These findings demonstrate the potential of our approach in achieving rapid MET detection with a much reduced cell sample size as well as quantifying changes in the mesenchymal level of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Hui
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China .,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China .,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - D W Au
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong SAR China
| | - W C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Y Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China .,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
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Shao X, Si CZ, Zhen KY, Zhang Z, Wang J, Wang DY, Lei JP, Wan J, Xie WM, Zhai ZG, Wang C. [Risk factors and clinical features of hospital-associated venous thromboembolism]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:1539-1543. [PMID: 32450641 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200223-00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of hospital-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: The study enrolled acute VTE patients admitted into China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. The hospital-associated VTE (HA-VTE) group and the community-associated VTE (CA-VTE) group were classified according to whether the VTE occurred during hospitalization or within a 90-day period of admission to hospital (including inpatient with at least two days of hospital stay or a surgical procedure under general or regional anaesthesia). Differences in clinical features, risk factors, and mortality rate were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 437 patients with acute VTE were analyzed in the study. Among them, 266 patients were HA-VTE, 171 patients were CA-VTE. Patients in the CA-VTE group were more likely to have varicose veins, sedentary, long-distance travel, and patients in the HA-VTE group were more complicated with recent surgery (<1 month), bed rest, active malignant tumor, acute infections, acute cerebral infarction, fracture, central venous catheter (P<0.05). The CA-VTE group had more clinical symptoms such as lower extremity pain, dyspnea, chest pain and chest tightness (P<0.05). HA-VTE patients had less clinical symptoms but were more severe than the CA-VTE patients, with more sudden deaths (0 vs 3.4%, P=0.035). Among HA-VTE patients, 92.8% experienced VTE during hospitalization or within 1 month of the preceding hospital encounter, with a 13-day median time to VTE. The all-cause mortality rate was higher for HA-VTE group than CA-VTE group (8.3% vs 1.2%, P<0.001), and the in-hospital VTE was more common compared to VTE diagnosed post-discharge (12.2% vs 3.4%, P<0.001). Conclusions: More than half events of VTE are related to recent hospitalizations. HA-VTE has different risk factors from CA-VTE, combined with fewer clinical symptoms but higher all-cause mortality rate. More attention about VTE should be paid to hospitalized patients to reduce the incidence of HA-VTE events.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shao
- China-Japan Friendship Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C Z Si
- Information Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - K Y Zhen
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - D Y Wang
- Data and Project Management Unit, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J P Lei
- Data and Project Management Unit, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Wan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - W M Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Z G Zhai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C Wang
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Shao X, Sørensen MH, Xia X, Fang C, Hui TH, Chang RCC, Chu Z, Lin Y. Beading of injured axons driven by tension- and adhesion-regulated membrane shape instability. J R Soc Interface 2020; 17:20200331. [PMCID: PMC7423423 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of multiple beads along an injured axon will lead to blockage of axonal transport and eventually neuron death, and this has been widely recognized as a hallmark of nervous system degeneration. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report a combined experimental and theoretical study to reveal key factors governing axon beading. Specifically, by transecting well-developed axons with a sharp atomic force microscope probe, significant beading of the axons was triggered. We showed that adhesion was not required for beading to occur, although when present strong axon–substrate attachments seemed to set the locations for bead formation. In addition, the beading wavelength, representing the average distance between beads, was found to correlate with the size and cytoskeleton integrity of axon, with a thinner axon or a disrupted actin cytoskeleton both leading to a shorter beading wavelength. A model was also developed to explain these observations which suggest that axon beading originates from the shape instability of the membrane and is driven by the release of work done by axonal tension as well as the reduction of membrane surface energy. The beading wavelength predicted from this theory was in good agreement with our experiments under various conditions. By elucidating the essential physics behind axon beading, the current study could enhance our understanding of how axonal injury and neurodegeneration progress as well as provide insights for the development of possible treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Maja Højvang Sørensen
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tsz Hin Hui
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Joint Appointment with School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond Chuen Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Joint Appointment with School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Summary
Envelopes have been proposed in recent years as a nascent methodology for sufficient dimension reduction and efficient parameter estimation in multivariate linear models. We extend the classical definition of envelopes in Cook et al. (2010) to incorporate a nonlinear conditional mean function and a heteroscedastic error. Given any two random vectors ${X}\in\mathbb{R}^{p}$ and ${Y}\in\mathbb{R}^{r}$, we propose two new model-free envelopes, called the martingale difference divergence envelope and the central mean envelope, and study their relationships to the standard envelope in the context of response reduction in multivariate linear models. The martingale difference divergence envelope effectively captures the nonlinearity in the conditional mean without imposing any parametric structure or requiring any tuning in estimation. Heteroscedasticity, or nonconstant conditional covariance of ${Y}\mid{X}$, is further detected by the central mean envelope based on a slicing scheme for the data. We reveal the nested structure of different envelopes: (i) the central mean envelope contains the martingale difference divergence envelope, with equality when ${Y}\mid{X}$ has a constant conditional covariance; and (ii) the martingale difference divergence envelope contains the standard envelope, with equality when ${Y}\mid{X}$ has a linear conditional mean. We develop an estimation procedure that first obtains the martingale difference divergence envelope and then estimates the additional envelope components in the central mean envelope. We establish consistency in envelope estimation of the martingale difference divergence envelope and central mean envelope without stringent model assumptions. Simulations and real-data analysis demonstrate the advantages of the martingale difference divergence envelope and the central mean envelope over the standard envelope in dimension reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, 117 N.Woodward Ave., Tallahassee, Florida 32306, U.S.A
| | - C E Lee
- Department of Business Analytics and Statistics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 916 Volunteer Blvd, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, U.S.A
| | - X Shao
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 725 South Wright St, Champaign, Illinois 61820, U.S.A
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Zhang L, Wang Y, Shao X, Chen J. Open reduction and internal fixation obtains favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes for pediatric mandibular condylar fractures. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 122:18-23. [PMID: 32428602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Surgery with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for pediatric mandibular condylar fractures (MCF) is controversial. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the children with MCF treated surgically with ORIF. METHODS This retrospective study included 9 children diagnosed with MCF and treated surgically with ORIF. Imaging examinations were performed preoperatively and postoperatively. Patients underwent follow-up clinical observations and objective measurements for over 5 years. RESULTS All children recovered well in facial features, facial nerve functions, occlusions, joint movements, maximal incisal opening, and midline deviation postoperatively. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and click were found in 2 of 9 (22.2%) cases 1 year after surgery and disappeared 2 years later. Mandibular retrusion was always observed in a child (11.1%) postoperatively. The condylar surface appeared unsmooth in panoramic radiographs of 2 (22.2%) cases. Objective measurements showed that a patent (11.1%) had an opening deflection and a limited laterotrusion at the return visits. SNB angles of all cases were within the normal range 5 years after the operation. CONCLUSION Surgery with ORIF is a relatively safe and effective method for pediatric MCF. The future growth of the mandibular condyle and the long-term TMJ function are lightly influenced in patients postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Shanghai Minhang District Dental Clinic, Shanghai, China; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Jia S, Zhu H, Zhang X, Li J, Zhai X, Song X, Shao X. Thumb lengthening using a three-dimensional half-ring distraction frame. Hand Surg Rehabil 2020; 39:417-422. [PMID: 32387692 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a three-dimensional half-ring distraction frame for thumb phalangeal lengthening. From February 2009 to March 2015, 23 patients (23 thumbs) with thumb loss were treated with a half-ring distraction frame. Active movements of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint were measured with a goniometer. These measurements were compared with the opposite hand. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Clinical outcome was assessed based on the modified Mayo score. Bone union and good alignment were achieved in all patients. The mean distraction time was 44 days (range, 35-62 days). The mean time to union was 20 days (range, 49-86 days). The mean palmar and radial abduction of the thumb was 60° (range, 53°-65°) and 63° (range, 58°-70°), respectively; on the uninjured side, these measurements were 62° (range, 56°-65°) and 64° (range, 60°-73°), respectively (p>0.05). The mean extension-flexion arc of the MCP joint was 46° (range, 40°-50°); the measurement on the uninjured side was 48° (40°-54°) (p>0.05). The mean follow-up period was 51 months (4.25 years) (range, 48-65 months). The mean modified Mayo Score was 138 (range, 113-145). There were 19 excellent, 3 good, and 1 fair results. The half-ring distraction frame is a viable alternative for thumb lengthening as it provides stable, three-dimensional fixation, resulting in good hand function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jia
- The hand surgery department, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Rd, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050051 Hebei, China.
| | - H Zhu
- The hand surgery department, Xuzhou Renci Hospital, 11, Yangshan Road, 221002 Jiangsu, China.
| | - X Zhang
- The hand surgery department, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Rd, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050051 Hebei, China.
| | - J Li
- The hand surgery department, Xuzhou Renci Hospital, 11, Yangshan Road, 221002 Jiangsu, China.
| | - X Zhai
- The hand surgery department, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Rd, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050051 Hebei, China.
| | - X Song
- The hand surgery department, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Rd, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050051 Hebei, China.
| | - X Shao
- The hand surgery department, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Rd, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050051 Hebei, China.
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Shao X, Fredericks SA, Saylor JR, Bostwick JB. A method for determining surface tension, viscosity, and elasticity of gels via ultrasonic levitation of gel drops. J Acoust Soc Am 2020; 147:2488. [PMID: 32359315 DOI: 10.1121/10.0001068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A method for obtaining the elasticity, surface tension, and viscosity of ultrasonically levitated gel drops is presented. The drops examined were made of agarose, a hydrogel. In contrast to previous studies where fluid properties are obtained using ultrasonic levitation of a liquid drop, herein the material studied was a gel which has a significant elasticity. The work presented herein is significant in that gels are of growing importance in biomedical applications and exhibit behaviors partially determined by their elasticities and surface tensions. Obtaining surface tension for these substances is important but challenging since measuring this quantity using the standard Wilhelmy plate or DuNuoy ring methods is not possible due to breakage of the gel. The experiments were conducted on agarose gels having elasticities ranging from 12.2 to 200.3 Pa. A method is described for obtaining elasticity, surface tension, and viscosity, and the method is experimentally demonstrated for surface tension and viscosity. For the range of elasticities explored, the measured surface tension ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 N/m, and the viscosity ranged from 0.0084 to 0.0204 Pa s. The measurements of surface tension are, to the authors' knowledge, the first obtained of a gel using ultrasonic levitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - S A Fredericks
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J R Saylor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - J B Bostwick
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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Hedström AK, Adams C, Shao X, Schaefer C, Olsson T, Barcellos LF, Alfredsson L. Breastfeeding is associated with reduced risk of multiple sclerosis in males, predominantly among HLA-DRB1*15:01 carriers. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2020; 6:2055217320928101. [PMID: 32728476 PMCID: PMC7364805 DOI: 10.1177/2055217320928101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding as an infant appears protective against later development of some autoimmune diseases, but research into its influence on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk has yielded inconclusive results. OBJECTIVE We investigated the possible impact of breastfeeding on MS risk. METHODS We used two population-based case-control studies comprising 3670 cases and 6737 matched controls. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association between MS and exposure to prolonged breastfeeding (4 months or longer) versus reduced breastfeeding (less than 4 months). A meta-analysis of case-control studies that assessed the impact of breastfeeding on MS risk among women and men was conducted. RESULTS Prolonged breastfeeding was associated with reduced MS risk among men (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.9) but not among women (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.8-1.1). Among men, a synergistic effect was observed between HLA-DRB1*15:01 carrier status and reduced breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS Findings from the current study add to accumulating evidence that breastfeeding may be a modifiable protective factor for reducing the risk of MS in offspring. When possible, mothers should be supported to breastfeed their infants; however, the mechanism of a sex-specific biologic effect of breastfeeding on MS risk is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Hedström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - C Adams
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab, School of Public Health, University of California, USA
| | - X Shao
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, USA
| | - C Schaefer
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, USA
| | - T Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - L F Barcellos
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, USA
| | - L Alfredsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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LIN Q, Li S, Jiang N, Shao X, Zhang M, Jin H, Zhang Z, Shen J, Zhou J, Zhou W, Gu L, Lu R, Ni Z. SAT-023 PINK1-PARKIN PATHWAY OF MITOPHAGY PROTECTS AGAINST CONTRAST-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY VIA DECREASING MITOCHONDRIAL ROS AND NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME ACTIVATION. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
Summary
We propose a new nonparametric conditional mean independence test for a response variable $Y$ and a predictor variable $X$ where either or both can be function-valued. Our test is built on a new metric, the so-called functional martingale difference divergence, which fully characterizes the conditional mean dependence of $Y$ given $X$ and extends the martingale difference divergence proposed by Shao & Zhang (2014). We define an unbiased estimator of functional martingale difference divergence by using a $\mathcal{U}$-centring approach, and we obtain its limiting null distribution under mild assumptions. Since the limiting null distribution is not pivotal, we use the wild bootstrap method to estimate the critical value and show the consistency of the bootstrap test. Our test can detect the local alternative which approaches the null at the rate of $n^{-1/2}$ with a nontrivial power, where $n$ is the sample size. Unlike the three tests developed by Kokoszka et al. (2008), Lei (2014) and Patilea et al. (2016), our test does not require a finite-dimensional projection or assume a linear model, and it does not involve any tuning parameters. Promising finite-sample performance is demonstrated via simulations, and a real-data illustration is used to compare our test with existing ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Lee
- Department of Business Analytics and Statistics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 916 Volunteer Blvd, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, 155 Ireland St, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Shao
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 725 South Wright St, Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA
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Abstract
We report experimental observations of surface oscillations in an ultrasoft agarose gel drop. Ultrasonic levitation is used to excite shape oscillations in the gel drop and we report the natural frequency of the drop as it depends upon a nondimensional elastocapillary number, which we define as the ratio of the elastocapillary length to drop size. Our experiments span a wide range of experimental parameters and we recover the appropriate scaling laws in the elastic and capillary wave limits. The crossover between these two limits is observed and agrees well with a proposed frequency relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - S A Fredericks
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J R Saylor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - J B Bostwick
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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Dhawan V, Yonz C, Zhang X, Shao X, Du W. Using tongue depressors to aid cord localization during collagenase injection for Dupuytren disease. Hand Surg Rehabil 2019; 38:290-292. [PMID: 31382027 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to introduce a simple and effective method to aid in isolation and stabilization of Dupuytren cords for collagenase injection. Tongue depressors were used to isolate and stabilize the cord during the injection procedure. The area to be injected was sterilely prepared. An assistant was then directed to place a tongue depressor on both sides of the cord. A total of 35 patients with Dupuytren disease were treated. Follow-up lasted two years. Post-operative Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores was 4±2. Health-related quality of life measured with the EQ-5D index was 0.89±0.4. Recurrence rates of metacarpophalangeal joint and proximal interphalangeal joint were 11% and 14% respectively, using a flexion contracture of 20° to define recurrence. Collagenase treatment using a modified injection method with the aid of tongue depressors are a safe, effective way to treat Dupuytren contractures of the fingers. The technique can isolate the cord, which improves visualization of the cord. It may allow improved accuracy with needle placement and helps to decrease the complications and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dhawan
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Hand and Upper Extremity Service, University of Kentucky, 740 S Limestone, Suite K 401, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - C Yonz
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Hand and Upper Extremity Service, University of Kentucky, 740 S Limestone, Suite K 401, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - X Zhang
- Department of hand surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Rd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
| | - X Shao
- Department of hand surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Rd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - W Du
- Department of hand surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Rd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
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Yang Y, OuYang Q, Li L, Shao X, Che J, Tao N. Inhibitory effects of glutaraldehyde on
Geotrichum citri‐aurantii
and its possible mechanism. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1148-1156. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan P.R. China
| | - Q. OuYang
- School of Chemical Engineering Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan P.R. China
| | - L. Li
- School of Chemical Engineering Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan P.R. China
| | - X. Shao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang P.R. China
| | - J. Che
- School of Chemical Engineering Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan P.R. China
| | - N. Tao
- School of Chemical Engineering Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan P.R. China
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49
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Shao X, You R, Hui TH, Fang C, Gong Z, Yan Z, Chang RCC, Shenoy VB, Lin Y. Tension- and Adhesion-Regulated Retraction of Injured Axons. Biophys J 2019; 117:193-202. [PMID: 31278003 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage-induced retraction of axons during traumatic brain injury is believed to play a key role in the disintegration of the neural network and to eventually lead to severe symptoms such as permanent memory loss and emotional disturbances. However, fundamental questions such as how axon retraction progresses and what physical factors govern this process still remain unclear. Here, we report a combined experimental and modeling study to address these questions. Specifically, a sharp atomic force microscope probe was used to transect axons and trigger their retraction in a precisely controlled manner. Interestingly, we showed that the retracting motion of a well-developed axon can be arrested by strong cell-substrate attachment. However, axon retraction was found to be retriggered if a second transection was conducted, albeit with a lower shrinking amplitude. Furthermore, disruption of the actin cytoskeleton or cell-substrate adhesion significantly altered the retracting dynamics of injured axons. Finally, a mathematical model was developed to explain the observed injury response of neural cells in which the retracting motion was assumed to be driven by the pre-tension in the axon and progress against neuron-substrate adhesion as well as the viscous resistance of the cell. Using realistic parameters, model predictions were found to be in good agreement with our observations under a variety of experimental conditions. By revealing the essential physics behind traumatic axon retraction, findings here could provide insights on the development of treatment strategies for axonal injury as well as its possible interplay with other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ran You
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz Hin Hui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze Gong
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zishen Yan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Raymond Chuen Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivek B Shenoy
- Center for Engineering Mechanobiology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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50
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Zhao C, Miao J, Shen G, Li J, Shi M, Zhang N, Hu G, Chen X, Hu X, Wu S, Chen J, Shao X, Wang L, Han F, Mai H, Chua MLK, Xie C. Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody combined with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radical radiotherapy: a multicentre, open-label, phase II clinical trial. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:637-643. [PMID: 30689735 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a single-arm phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects (AEs) of an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody, nimotuzumab, combined with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (PF) as first-line treatment in recurrent metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radical radiotherapy. METHODS Patients who met the eligibility criteria were recruited from ten institutions (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01616849). A Simon optimal two-stage design was used to calculate the sample size. All patients received weekly nimotuzumab (200 mg) added to cisplatin (100 mg/m2 D1) and 5-fluorouracil (4 g/m2 continuous infusion D1-4) every 3-weekly for a maximum of six cycles. Primary end point was objective response rate (ORR). Secondary end points included disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and AEs. RESULTS A total of 35 patients were enrolled (13 in stage 1 and 22 in stage 2). Overall ORR and DCR were 71.4% (25/35) and 85.7% (30/35), respectively. Median PFS and OS were 7.0 (95% CI 5.8-8.2) months and 16.3 (95% CI 11.4-21.3) months, respectively. Unplanned exploratory analyses suggest that patients who received ≥2400 mg nimotuzumab and ≥4 cycles of PF had superior ORR, PFS and OS than those who did not (88.9% versus 12.5%, P < 0.001; 7.4 versus 2.7 months, P = 0.081; 17.0 versus 8.0 months, P = 0.202). Favourable subgroups included patients with lung metastasis [HROS 0.324 (95% CI 0.146-0.717), P = 0.008] and disease-free interval of >12 months [HROS 0.307 (95% CI 0.131-0.724), P = 0.004], but no difference was observed for metastatic burden. The only major grade 3/4 AE was leukopenia (62.9%). CONCLUSION Combination nimotuzumab-PF chemotherapy demonstrates potential efficacy, and is well tolerated as first-line chemotherapy regimen in recurrent metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhao
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan; Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation centre of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - J Miao
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation centre of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - G Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou; Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - J Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Province Tumour Hospital, Nanchang
| | - M Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an
| | - N Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan
| | - G Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - X Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou
| | - X Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan
| | - S Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou
| | - J Chen
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning
| | - X Shao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - L Wang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation centre of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - F Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - H Mai
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation centre of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - M L K Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore; Oncology Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | - C Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan.
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