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Mourino N, Zhang Z, Pérez-Ríos M, Yolton K, Lanphear BP, Chen A, Buckley JP, Kalkwarf HJ, Cecil KM, Braun JM. Early life exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and eating behaviors at age 12 years. Environ Health 2024; 23:37. [PMID: 38609912 PMCID: PMC11015554 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal or early childhood secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure increases obesity risk. However, the potential mechanisms underlying this association are unclear, but obesogenic eating behaviors are one pathway that components of SHS could perturb. Our aim was to assess associations of prenatal and early childhood SHS exposure with adolescent eating behaviors. METHODS Data came from a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort (N = 207, Cincinnati, OH). With multiple informant models, we estimated associations of prenatal (mean of 16 and 26 weeks of gestation maternal serum cotinine concentrations) and early childhood cotinine (average concentration across ages 12, 24, 36, and 48 months) with eating behaviors at age 12 years (Child Eating Behaviors Questionnaire). We tested whether associations differed by exposure periods and adolescent's sex. Models adjusted for maternal and child covariates. RESULTS We found no statistically significant associations between cotinine measures and adolescent's eating behaviors. Yet, in females, prenatal cotinine was associated with greater food responsiveness (β: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.38) and lower satiety responsiveness (β: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.26, -0.02); in males, prenatal and postnatal cotinine was related to lower food responsiveness (prenatal: β: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.04, -0.06; postnatal: β: -0.36; 95% CI: -0.06, -0.11). No significant effect modification by sex or exposure window was found for other eating behaviors. CONCLUSION Prenatal and early childhood SHS exposures were not related to adolescent's eating behavior in this cohort; however, biological sex may modify these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Mourino
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Zhuoya Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Mónica Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Heidi J Kalkwarf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kim M Cecil
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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2
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White AJ, Fisher JA, Sweeney MR, Freedman ND, Kaufman JD, Silverman DT, Jones RR. Ambient fine particulate matter and breast cancer incidence in a large prospective US cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:53-60. [PMID: 37691174 PMCID: PMC11045029 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been inconsistently associated with breast cancer incidence, however, few studies have considered historic exposure when levels were higher. METHODS Outdoor residential PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using a nationwide spatiotemporal model for women in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, a prospective cohort located in 6 states (California, Florida, Louisiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania) and 2 metropolitan areas (Atlanta, GA, and Detroit, MI) and enrolled in 1995-1996 (n = 196 905). Annual average PM2.5 concentrations were estimated for a 5-year historical period 10 years prior to enrollment (1980-1984). We used Cox regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and breast cancer incidence overall and by estrogen receptor status and catchment area. RESULTS With follow-up of participants through 2017, a total of 15 870 breast cancer cases were identified. A 10 ug/m3 increase in PM2.5 was statistically significantly associated with overall breast cancer incidence (HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.13). The association was evident for estrogen receptor-positive (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.17) but not estrogen receptor-negative tumors (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.84 to 1.13; Pheterogeneity = .3). Overall breast cancer hazard ratios were more than 1 across the catchment areas, ranging from a hazard ratio of 1.26 (95% CI = 0.96 to 1.64) for North Carolina to a hazard ratio of 1.04 (95% CI = 0.68 to 1.57) for Louisiana (Pheterogeneity = .9). CONCLUSIONS In this large US cohort with historical air pollutant exposure estimates, PM2.5 was associated with risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. State-specific estimates were imprecise but suggest that future work should consider region-specific associations and the potential contribution of PM2.5 chemical constituency in modifying the observed association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jared A Fisher
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Marina R Sweeney
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc, a DLH Holdings Company, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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3
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Adamson A, Ilieva N, Stone WJ, De Miranda BR. Low-dose inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene induces dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rodents. Toxicol Sci 2023; 196:218-228. [PMID: 37669148 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is one of the most pervasive environmental contaminants in the world and is associated with Parkinson disease (PD) risk. Experimental models in rodents show that TCE is selectively toxic to dopaminergic neurons at high doses of ingestion, however, TCE is a highly volatile toxicant, and the primary pathway of human exposure is inhalation. As TCE is a highly lipophilic, volatile organic compound (VOC), inhalation exposure results in rapid diffusion throughout the brain, avoiding first-pass hepatic metabolism that necessitated high doses to recapitulate exposure conditions observed in human populations. We hypothesized that inhalation of TCE would induce significantly more potent neurodegeneration than ingestion and better recapitulate environmental conditions of vapor intrusion or off gassing from liquid TCE. To this end, we developed a novel, whole-body passive exposure inhalation chamber in which we exposed 10-month-old male and female Lewis rats to 50 ppm TCE (time weighted average, TWA) or filtered room air (control) over 8 weeks. In addition, we exposed 12-month-old male and female C57Bl/6 mice to 100 ppm TCE (TWA) or control over 12 weeks. Both rats and mice exposed to chronic TCE inhalation showed significant degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons as well as motor and gait impairments. TCE exposure also induced accumulation of pSer129-αSyn in dopaminergic neurons as well as microglial activation within the substantia nigra of rats. Collectively, these data indicate that TCE inhalation causes highly potent dopaminergic neurodegeneration and recapitulates some of the observed neuropathology associated with PD, providing a future platform for insight into the mechanisms and environmental conditions that influence PD risk from TCE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Adamson
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Neda Ilieva
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - William J Stone
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Briana R De Miranda
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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Chen H, Kapidzic M, Gantar D, Aksel S, Levan J, Abrahamsson DP, Jigmeddagva U, Basrai S, San A, Gaw SL, Woodruff TJ, Fisher SJ, Robinson JF. Perfluorooctanoic acid induces transcriptomic alterations in second trimester human cytotrophoblasts. Toxicol Sci 2023; 196:187-199. [PMID: 37738295 PMCID: PMC10682971 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly- and perfluroroalkylated substances (PFAS) are a major class of surfactants used in industry applications and consumer products. Despite efforts to reduce the usage of PFAS due to their environmental persistence, compounds such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are widely detected in human blood and tissue. Although growing evidence supports that prenatal exposures to PFOA and other PFAS are linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes, the target organs and pathways remain unclear. Recent investigations in mouse and human cell lines suggest that PFAS may impact the placenta and impair trophoblast function. In this study, we investigated the effects of PFOA on cytotoxicity and the transcriptome in cultured second trimester human cytotrophoblasts (CTBs). We show that PFOA significantly reduces viability and induces cell death at 24 h, in a concentration-dependent manner. At subcytotoxic concentrations, PFOA impacted expression of hundreds of genes, including several molecules (CRH, IFIT1, and TNFSF10) linked with lipid metabolism and innate immune response pathways. Furthermore, in silico analyses suggested that regulatory factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-mediated pathways may be especially important in response to PFOA. In summary, this study provides evidence that PFOA alters primary human CTB viability and gene pathways that could contribute to placental dysfunction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Mirhan Kapidzic
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Danielle Gantar
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Sena Aksel
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Justine Levan
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Dimitri P Abrahamsson
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Unurzul Jigmeddagva
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Sanah Basrai
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Ali San
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Stephanie L Gaw
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Susan J Fisher
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Joshua F Robinson
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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Kozlosky D, Doherty C, Buckley B, Goedken MJ, Miller RK, Huh DD, Barrett ES, Aleksunes LM. Fetoplacental Disposition and Toxicity of Cadmium in Mice Lacking the Bcrp Transporter. Toxicol Sci 2023; 197:kfad115. [PMID: 37941438 PMCID: PMC10823776 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The environmental toxicant cadmium (Cd) impairs the growth of rodents and humans in utero which in turn heightens susceptibility to diseases later in life. We previously demonstrated that the maternal-facing efflux transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (human BCRP/ABCG2, mouse Bcrp/Abcg2) confers resistance against Cd toxicity in human trophoblasts. In the current study, we sought to determine whether the absence of Bcrp alters the fetoplacental disposition and toxicity of Cd in mice. Pregnant female wild-type (WT) and Bcrp-null mice (n = 9-10/group) were administered a single injection of saline (5 ml/kg) or CdCl2 (5 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 9. Following Cd treatment, Bcrp-null offspring were shorter and accumulated more Cd in their placentas on GD 17 compared to WT mice. Because Cd can adversely impact placentation and transplacental nutrient delivery in mice, multiple pathways were assessed using morphometrics and immunohistochemistry including placenta zonation, vasculature development, and nutrient transporter expression. Most notably, the placentas of Bcrp-null mice had reduced immunostaining of the cell adhesion marker, β-catenin, and the trophoblast marker, cytokeratin, as well as decreased expression of divalent metal nutrient transporters (Dmt1, Zip14, and ZnT1) following Cd treatment. In summary, the absence of Bcrp expression increased placental concentrations of Cd which was associated with shorter fetal size that may be related to differential changes in molecular patterns of placental development and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Kozlosky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Cathleen Doherty
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Brian Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Michael J Goedken
- Research Pathology Services, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Richard K Miller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Dan Dongeun Huh
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Lauren M Aleksunes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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6
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Newell AJ, Jima D, Reading B, Patisaul HB. Machine learning reveals common transcriptomic signatures across rat brain and placenta following developmental organophosphate ester exposure. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:103-122. [PMID: 37399109 PMCID: PMC10695431 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxicogenomics is a critical area of inquiry for hazard identification and to identify both mechanisms of action and potential markers of exposure to toxic compounds. However, data generated by these experiments are highly dimensional and present challenges to standard statistical approaches, requiring strict correction for multiple comparisons. This stringency often fails to detect meaningful changes to low expression genes and/or eliminate genes with small but consistent changes particularly in tissues where slight changes in expression can have important functional differences, such as brain. Machine learning offers an alternative analytical approach for "omics" data that effectively sidesteps the challenges of analyzing highly dimensional data. Using 3 rat RNA transcriptome sets, we utilized an ensemble machine learning approach to predict developmental exposure to a mixture of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in brain (newborn cortex and day 10 hippocampus) and late gestation placenta of male and female rats, and identified genes that informed predictor performance. OPE exposure had sex specific effects on hippocampal transcriptome, and significantly impacted genes associated with mitochondrial transcriptional regulation and cation transport in females, including voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels and subunits. To establish if this holds for other tissues, RNAseq data from cortex and placenta, both previously published and analyzed via a more traditional pipeline, were reanalyzed with the ensemble machine learning methodology. Significant enrichment for pathways of oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain was found, suggesting a transcriptomic signature of OPE exposure impacting mitochondrial metabolism across tissue types and developmental epoch. Here we show how machine learning can complement more traditional analytical approaches to identify vulnerable "signature" pathways disrupted by chemical exposures and biomarkers of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Newell
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Dereje Jima
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Benjamin Reading
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Heather B Patisaul
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
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7
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Lindström S, Wang L, Feng H, Majumdar A, Huo S, Macdonald J, Harrison T, Turman C, Chen H, Mancuso N, Bammler T, Gallinger S, Gruber SB, Gunter MJ, Le Marchand L, Moreno V, Offit K, De Vivo I, O’Mara TA, Spurdle AB, Tomlinson I, Fitzgerald R, Gharahkhani P, Gockel I, Jankowski J, Macgregor S, Schumacher J, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Bondy ML, Houlston RS, Jenkins RB, Melin B, Wrensch M, Brennan P, Christiani DC, Johansson M, Mckay J, Aldrich MC, Amos CI, Landi MT, Tardon A, Bishop DT, Demenais F, Goldstein AM, Iles MM, Kanetsky PA, Law MH, Amundadottir LT, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Wolpin BM, Klein A, Petersen G, Risch H, Chanock SJ, Purdue MP, Scelo G, Pharoah P, Kar S, Hung RJ, Pasaniuc B, Kraft P. Genome-wide analyses characterize shared heritability among cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility regions. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:712-732. [PMID: 36929942 PMCID: PMC10248849 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shared inherited genetic contribution to risk of different cancers is not fully known. In this study, we leverage results from 12 cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to quantify pairwise genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility loci. METHODS We collected GWAS summary statistics for 12 solid cancers based on 376 759 participants with cancer and 532 864 participants without cancer of European ancestry. The included cancer types were breast, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, glioma, head and neck, lung, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and renal cancers. We conducted cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies to discover novel cancer susceptibility loci. Finally, we assessed the extent of variant-specific pleiotropy among cancers at known and newly identified cancer susceptibility loci. RESULTS We observed widespread but modest genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers. In cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies, we identified 15 novel cancer susceptibility loci. Additionally, we identified multiple variants at 77 distinct loci with strong evidence of being associated with at least 2 cancer types by testing for pleiotropy at known cancer susceptibility loci. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results suggest that some genetic risk variants are shared among cancers, though much of cancer heritability is cancer-specific and thus tissue-specific. The increase in statistical power associated with larger sample sizes in cross-disease analysis allows for the identification of novel susceptibility regions. Future studies incorporating data on multiple cancer types are likely to identify additional regions associated with the risk of multiple cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lindström
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Helian Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arunabha Majumdar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Sijia Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Macdonald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tabitha Harrison
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Constance Turman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongjie Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas Mancuso
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theo Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Steve Gallinger
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | | | - Victor Moreno
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ONCOBEL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Radcliffe Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tracy A O’Mara
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Cancer Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Rebecca Fitzgerald
- MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ines Gockel
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janusz Jankowski
- Institute for Clinical Trials, University College London, Holborn, UK
- University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - Stuart Macgregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Trans-Divisional Research Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Margaret Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - James Mckay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo and Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - D Timothy Bishop
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Florence Demenais
- Université Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR-1124, Paris, France
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark M Iles
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter A Kanetsky
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matthew H Law
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Laufey T Amundadottir
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian M Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Alison Klein
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gloria Petersen
- Department of Quantitative Health Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Harvey Risch
- Yale School of Public Health, Chronic Disease Epidemiology, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Siddhartha Kar
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbuaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Chen Z, Bordieanu B, Kesavan R, Lesner NP, Venigalla SSK, Shelton SD, DeBerardinis RJ, Mishra P. Lactate metabolism is essential in early-onset mitochondrial myopathy. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadd3216. [PMID: 36598990 PMCID: PMC9812384 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add3216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Myopathies secondary to mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction can result in devastating disease. While the consequences of ETC defects have been extensively studied in culture, little in vivo data are available. Using a mouse model of severe, early-onset mitochondrial myopathy, we characterized the proteomic, transcriptomic, and metabolic characteristics of disease progression. Unexpectedly, ETC dysfunction in muscle results in reduced expression of glycolytic enzymes in our animal model and patient muscle biopsies. The decrease in glycolysis was mediated by loss of constitutive Hif1α signaling, down-regulation of the purine nucleotide cycle enzyme AMPD1, and activation of AMPK. In vivo isotope tracing experiments indicated that myopathic muscle relies on lactate import to supply central carbon metabolites. Inhibition of lactate import reduced steady-state levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and compromised the life span of myopathic mice. These data indicate an unexpected mode of metabolic reprogramming in severe mitochondrial myopathy that regulates disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkang Chen
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bogdan Bordieanu
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rushendhiran Kesavan
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nicholas P. Lesner
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Siva Sai Krishna Venigalla
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Spencer D. Shelton
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ralph J. DeBerardinis
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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9
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Jacobson MH, Stein CR, Liu M, Ackerman MG, Blakemore JK, Long SE, Pinna G, Romay-Tallon R, Kannan K, Zhu H, Trasande L. Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenols and Phthalates and Postpartum Depression: The Role of Neurosteroid Hormone Disruption. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:1887-1899. [PMID: 33792735 PMCID: PMC8502446 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious psychiatric disorder. While causes remain poorly understood, perinatal sex hormone fluctuations are an important factor, and allopregnanolone in particular has emerged as a key determinant. Although synthetic environmental chemicals such as bisphenols and phthalates are known to affect sex hormones, no studies have measured allopregnanolone and the consequences of these hormonal changes on PPD have not been interrogated. OBJECTIVE To investigate associations of repeated measures of urinary bisphenols and phthalates in early and midpregnancy with serum pregnenolone, progesterone, allopregnanolone, and pregnanolone concentrations in midpregnancy and PPD symptoms at 4 months postpartum. METHODS Prospective cohort study of 139 pregnant women recruited between 2016 and 2018. Bisphenols and phthalates were measured in early and midpregnancy urine samples. Serum sex steroid hormone concentrations were measured in midpregnancy. PPD was assessed at 4 months postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Multiple informant models were fit using generalized estimating equations. Serum levels of allopregnanolone, progesterone, pregnanolone, and pregnenolone were examined as log-transformed continuous variables. PPD symptoms were examined as continuous EPDS scores and dichotomously with scores ≥10 defined as PPD. RESULTS Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) and diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) metabolites were associated with reduced progesterone concentrations. Log-unit increases in ∑DnOP and ∑DiNP predicted 8.1% (95% CI -15.2%, -0.4%) and 7.7% (95% CI -13.3%, -1.7%) lower progesterone, respectively. ∑DnOP was associated with increased odds of PPD (odds ratio 1.48; 95% CI 1.04, 2.11). CONCLUSION Endocrine disrupting chemicals may influence hormonal shifts during pregnancy as well as contribute to PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie H Jacobson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Environmental Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence: Melanie Jacobson, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Environmental Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 462 1st Avenue, Building A, 8th floor, Room 850, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Cheryl R Stein
- Hassenfeld Children’s Hospital at NYU Langone; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mengling Liu
- Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Marra G Ackerman
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jennifer K Blakemore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sara E Long
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Environmental Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Graziano Pinna
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Raquel Romay-Tallon
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Environmental Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Environmental Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Environmental Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- NYU Wagner School of Public Service, New York, NY 10012, USA
- NYU College of Global Public Health, New York, NY 10012, USA
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10
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Barnett-Itzhaki Z, Knapp S, Avraham C, Racowsky C, Hauser R, Bollati V, Baccarelli AA, Machtinger R. Association between follicular fluid phthalate concentrations and extracellular vesicle microRNAs expression. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:1590-1599. [PMID: 33885134 PMCID: PMC8599830 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are phthalate metabolite concentrations in follicular fluid (FF) associated with the expression of extracellular vesicle microRNAs (EV-miRNAs)? SUMMARY ANSWER Phthalate metabolite concentrations are associated with the expression of EV-miRNA and their associated pathways in FFs. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Phthalate metabolites were recently detected in FF. Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations alter the expression of EV-miRNAs in FF. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Prospective study including 105 women recruited between January 2014 and August 2016 in a tertiary university-affiliated hospital. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We assessed FF concentrations of 12 phthalate metabolites. EV-miRNAs were isolated from aliquots of the same FF, and their expression profiles were measured using a human miRNA panel. Associations between EV-miRNAs that were present in >50% of the samples and phthalate metabolites that were measured in >74% of the FF samples were tested. Genes regulated by EV-miRNAs that were found to be significantly (false discovery rate q-value < 0.1) correlated with FF-phthalates were analyzed for pathways linked with female fertility using miRWalk2.0 Targetscan database, DAVID Bioinformatics Resources and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Of 12 phthalate metabolites, 11 were measured in at least one FF sample. Mono (6-COOH-2-methylheptyl) phthalate (MCOMHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (mECPP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and mono (7-COOH-2-methyloctyl) phthalate (MCOMOP) were detected in more than 74% of the samples. Of 754 EV-miRNAs tested, 39 were significantly associated either with MEP, MBzP, MCOMOP, MCOMHP and/or with mECPP, after adjusting for multiple testing (P < 0.05). KEGG-based pathway enrichment analysis of the genes regulated by these miRNAs showed that these EV-miRNAs may be involved in pathways related to ovary or oocyte development, maturation and fertilization. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The use of miRNA panel array limits the number of potential relevant miRNAs. Moreover, several of the phthalate metabolites examined may be biased due to internal (enzymatic activity) or external (contamination in medical interventions) causes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Phthalate metabolites may alter follicular EV-miRNAs profile and thus impair pathways that are involved with oocyte development, maturation and fertilization. Our results contribute to understanding of possible mechanism(s) in which endocrine disruptor chemicals interfere with female fertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported by the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [Grant R21-ES024236]; and Environmental Health Fund, Israel [Grant 1301], no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohar Barnett-Itzhaki
- Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
- School of Engineering, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
- Research Center for Health Informatics, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
| | - Sarah Knapp
- Bioinformatics Department, School of Life and Health Science, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chaya Avraham
- Bioinformatics Department, School of Life and Health Science, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Catherine Racowsky
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hopital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Precision Environmental Biosciences, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronit Machtinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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11
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Kirwa K, Eckert CM, Vedal S, Hajat A, Kaufman JD. Ambient air pollution and risk of respiratory infection among adults: evidence from the multiethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA). BMJ Open Respir Res 2021; 8:e000866. [PMID: 33664125 PMCID: PMC7934778 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution may affect the risk of respiratory infection, though research has focused on uncommon infections or infections in children. Whether ambient air pollutants increase the risk of common acute respiratory infections among adults is uncertain, yet this may help understand whether pollutants influence spread of pandemic respiratory infections like COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between ambient air pollutant exposures and respiratory infections in adults. METHODS During five study examinations over 12 years, 6536 participants in the multiethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) reported upper respiratory tract infections, bronchitis, pneumonia or febrile illness in the preceding 2 weeks. Using a validated spatiotemporal model, we estimated residential concentrations of ambient PM2.5, NOx and NO2 for the 2-6 weeks (short-term) and year (long-term) prior to each examination. RESULTS In this population aged 44-84 years at baseline, 10%-32% of participants reported a recent respiratory infection, depending on month of examination and study region. PM2.5, NOx and NO2 concentrations over the prior 2-6 weeks were associated with increased reporting of recent respiratory infection, with risk ratios (95% CIs) of 1.04 (1.00 to 1.09), 1.15 (1.10 to 1.20) and 1.21 (1.10 to 1.33), respectively, per increase from 25th to 75th percentile in residential pollutant concentration. CONCLUSION Higher short-term exposure to PM2.5 and traffic-related pollutants are associated with increased risk of symptomatic acute respiratory infections among adults. These findings may provide an insight into the epidemiology of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kipruto Kirwa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Carly M Eckert
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sverre Vedal
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anjum Hajat
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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12
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Nardone AL, Casey JA, Rudolph KE, Karasek D, Mujahid M, Morello-Frosch R. Associations between historical redlining and birth outcomes from 2006 through 2015 in California. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237241. [PMID: 32764800 PMCID: PMC7413562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being one of the wealthiest nations, disparities in adverse birth outcomes persist across racial and ethnic lines in the United States. We studied the association between historical redlining and preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational age (SGA), and perinatal mortality over a ten-year period (2006-2015) in Los Angeles, Oakland, and San Francisco, California. METHODS We used birth outcomes data from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2015. Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) Security Maps developed in the 1930s assigned neighborhoods one of four grades that pertained to perceived investment risk of borrowers from that neighborhood: green (grade A) were considered "Best", blue (grade B) "Still Desirable", yellow (grade C) "Definitely Declining", and red (grade D, hence the term "redlining") "Hazardous". Geocoded residential addresses at the time of birth were superimposed on HOLC Security Maps to assign each birth a HOLC grade. We adjusted for potential confounders present at the time of Security Map creation by assigning HOLC polygons areal-weighted 1940s Census measures. We then employed propensity score matching methods to estimate the association of historical HOLC grades on current birth outcomes. Because tracts graded A had almost no propensity of receiving grade C or D and because grade B tracts had low propensity of receiving grade D, we examined birth outcomes in the three following comparisons: B vs. A, C vs. B, and D vs. C. RESULTS The prevalence of preterm birth, SGA and mortality tended to be higher in worse HOLC grades, while the prevalence of LBW varied across grades. Overall odds of mortality and preterm birth increased as HOLC grade worsened. Propensity score matching balanced 1940s census measures across contrasting groups. Logistic regression models revealed significantly elevated odds of preterm birth (odds ratio (OR): 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.05), and SGA (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.05) in the C vs. B comparison and significantly reduced odds of preterm birth (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.91-0.95), LBW (OR: 0.94-95% CI: 0.92-0.97), and SGA (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.96) in the D vs. C comparison. Results differed by metropolitan area and maternal race. CONCLUSION Similar to prior studies on redlining, we found that worsening HOLC grade was associated with adverse birth outcomes, although this relationship was less clear after propensity score matching and stratifying by metropolitan area. Higher odds of preterm birth and SGA in grade C versus grade B neighborhoods may be caused by higher-stress environments, racial segregation, and lack of access to resources, while lower odds of preterm birth, SGA, and LBW in grade D versus grade C neighborhoods may due to population shifts in those neighborhoods related to gentrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L. Nardone
- University of California, Berkeley-University of California San Francisco Joint Medical Program, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Joan A. Casey
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kara E. Rudolph
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Deborah Karasek
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Mahasin Mujahid
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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13
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Addissie YA, Kruszka P, Troia A, Wong ZC, Everson JL, Kozel BA, Lipinski RJ, Malecki KMC, Muenke M. Prenatal exposure to pesticides and risk for holoprosencephaly: a case-control study. Environ Health 2020; 19:65. [PMID: 32513280 PMCID: PMC7278164 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00611-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide exposure during susceptible windows and at certain doses are linked to numerous birth defects. Early experimental evidence suggests an association between active ingredients in pesticides and holoprosencephaly (HPE), the most common malformation of the forebrain in humans (1 in 250 embryos). No human studies to date have examined the association. This study investigated pesticides during multiple windows of exposure and fetal risk for HPE. It is hypothesized that pre-conception and early pregnancy, the time of brain development in utero, are the most critical windows of exposure. METHODS A questionnaire was developed for this retrospective case-control study to estimate household, occupational, and environmental pesticide exposures. Four windows of exposure were considered: preconception, early, mid and late pregnancy. Cases were identified through the National Human Genome Research Institute's ongoing clinical studies of HPE. Similarly, controls were identified as children with Williams-Beuren syndrome, a genetic syndrome also characterized by congenital malformations, but etiologically unrelated to HPE. We assessed for differences in odds of exposures to pesticides between cases and controls. RESULTS Findings from 91 cases and 56 controls showed an increased risk for HPE with reports of maternal exposure during pregnancy to select pesticides including personal insect repellants (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.89, confidence interval (CI): 0.96-9.50) and insecticides and acaricides for pets (aOR 3.84, CI:1.04-16.32). Exposure to household pest control products during the preconception period or during pregnancy was associated with increased risk for HPE (aOR 2.60, OR: 0.84-8.68). No associations were found for occupational exposures to pesticides during pregnancy (aOR: 1.15, CI: 0.11-11.42), although exposure rates were low. Higher likelihood for HPE was also observed with residency next to an agricultural field (aOR 3.24, CI: 0.94-12.31). CONCLUSIONS Observational findings are consistent with experimental evidence and suggest that exposure to personal, household, and agricultural pesticides during pregnancy may increase risk for HPE. Further investigations of gene by environment interactions are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonit A Addissie
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Kruszka
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Angela Troia
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zoë C Wong
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joshua L Everson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Beth A Kozel
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert J Lipinski
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kristen M C Malecki
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Maximilian Muenke
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Curtin P, Austin C, Curtin A, Gennings C, Figueroa-Romero C, Mikhail KA, Botero TM, Goutman SA, Feldman EL, Arora M. Dysregulated biodynamics in metabolic attractor systems precede the emergence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007773. [PMID: 32294079 PMCID: PMC7159190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved mechanisms maintain homeostasis of essential elements, and are believed to be highly time-variant. However, current approaches measure elemental biomarkers at a few discrete time-points, ignoring complex higher-order dynamical features. To study dynamical properties of elemental homeostasis, we apply laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to tooth samples to generate 500 temporally sequential measurements of elemental concentrations from birth to 10 years. We applied dynamical system and Information Theory-based analyses to reveal the longest-known attractor system in mammalian biology underlying the metabolism of nutrient elements, and identify distinct and consistent transitions between stable and unstable states throughout development. Extending these dynamical features to disease prediction, we find that attractor topography of nutrient metabolism is altered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as early as childhood, suggesting these pathways are involved in disease risk. Mechanistic analysis was undertaken in a transgenic mouse model of ALS, where we find similar marked disruptions in elemental attractor systems as in humans. Our results demonstrate the application of a phenomological analysis of dynamical systems underlying elemental metabolism, and emphasize the utility of these measures in characterizing risk of disease. The metabolism of essential elements in early life is essential to healthy growth and development. Elemental homeostasis is typically studied by characterizing distributions of elemental concentrations at the level of the population. Here, we introduce a new method of characterizing elemental metabolism at the level of the individual. Using tooth-based biomarkers, we tracked the longitudinal trajectory of essential elements throughout childhood at weekly temporal resolution from birth through approximately 10 years of life. We analyzed these trajectories to identify the formation of stable dynamic states (attractors) and transitions between these states throughout development. We found that metabolic dynamics were specific to discrete elemental pathways; copper metabolism typically involved the formation of multiple discrete states throughout childhood, whereas other elements, such as zinc, tended to persist in a single stable dynamic throughout development. Next, we compared elemental biodynamics in neurologically healthy cases and subjects that were later diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We found these patterns were dysregulated in ALS, and also found similar results in a mouse model of ALS. Overall, our results provide a novel approach to characterize elemental biodynamics throughout development, and emphasize that the dysregulation of these processes may be predictive of later onset of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Curtin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PC); (MA)
| | - Christine Austin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Austen Curtin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | | | - Kristen A. Mikhail
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Tatiana M. Botero
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Stephen A. Goutman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PC); (MA)
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Borowiec BG, Hoffman RD, Hess CD, Galvez F, Scott GR. Interspecific variation in hypoxia tolerance and hypoxia acclimation responses in killifish from the family Fundulidae. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb209692. [PMID: 31988166 PMCID: PMC7044458 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.209692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a pervasive stressor in aquatic environments, and both phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary adaptation could shape the ability to cope with hypoxia. We investigated evolved variation in hypoxia tolerance and the hypoxia acclimation response across fundulid killifishes that naturally experience different patterns of hypoxia exposure. We compared resting O2 consumption rate (ṀO2 ), and various indices of hypoxia tolerance [critical O2 tension (Pcrit), regulation index (RI), O2 tension (PO2 ) at loss of equilibrium (PLOE) and time to LOE (tLOE) at 0.6 kPa O2] in Fundulus confluentus, Fundulus diaphanus, Fundulus heteroclitus, Fundulus rathbuni, Lucania goodei and Lucania parva We examined the effects of chronic (28 days) exposure to constant hypoxia (2 kPa) or nocturnal intermittent hypoxia (12 h normoxia:12 h hypoxia) in a subset of species. Some species exhibited a two-breakpoint model in ṀO2 caused by early, modest declines in ṀO2 in moderate hypoxia. We found that hypoxia tolerance varied appreciably across species: F. confluentus was the most tolerant (lowest PLOE and Pcrit, longest tLOE), whereas F. rathbuni and F. diaphanus were the least tolerant. However, there was not a consistent pattern of interspecific variation for different indices of hypoxia tolerance, with or without taking phylogenetic relatedness into account, probably because these different indices are underlain by partially distinct mechanisms. Hypoxia acclimation generally improved hypoxia tolerance, but the magnitude of plasticity and responsiveness to different hypoxia patterns varied interspecifically. Our results therefore suggest that hypoxia tolerance is a complex trait that is best appreciated by considering multiple indices of tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan D Hoffman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Chelsea D Hess
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Fernando Galvez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Graham R Scott
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1
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16
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Gerkowicz SA, Curtis SW, Knight AK, Cobb DO, Spencer JB, Conneely KN, Terrell ML, Marcus M, Smith AK. Endometriosis, endocrine disrupters, and epigenetics: an investigation into the complex interplay in women with polybrominated biphenyl exposure and endometriosis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:427-436. [PMID: 32026200 PMCID: PMC7056781 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01695-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) have been shown to affect multiple biologic processes especially steroid-hormone processes. We sought to determine differences in DNA methylation exists between women with and without endometriosis following exposure to polybrominated biphenyl (PBB). METHODS Cross-sectional study of 305 females in the Michigan PBB Registry. DNA was extracted, and DNA methylation was interrogated using the MethylationEPIC BeadChip (Illumina, San Diego, California). Demographic data was analyzed using Chi-squared and T tests. Linear regressions were performed for each cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) site, modeling the logit transformation of the β value as a linear function of the presence of endometriosis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted controlling for estradiol levels and menopausal status. Replication study performed evaluating for any association between CpGs reported in the literature and our findings. RESULTS In total, 39,877 CpGs nominally associated with endometriosis (p < 0.05) after adjusting for age and cellular heterogeneity, although none remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons (FDR < 0.05). Pathway analysis of these CpGs showed enrichment in 68 biologic pathways involved in various endocrine, immunologic, oncologic, and cell regulation processes as well as embryologic reproductive tract development and function (FoxO, Wnt, and Hedgehog signaling). We identified 42,261 CpG sites in the literature reported to be associated with endometriosis; 2012 of these CpG sites were also significant in our cohort. CONCLUSION We found 39,877 CpG sites that nominally associated with endometriosis (p < 0.05) after adjusting for age and cellular heterogeneity; however, none remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons (FDR < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina A Gerkowicz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah W Curtis
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Anna K Knight
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dawayland O Cobb
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jessica B Spencer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karen N Conneely
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Metrecia L Terrell
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michele Marcus
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Alica K Smith
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Wang M, Hopke PK, Masiol M, Thurston SW, Cameron S, Ling F, van Wijngaarden E, Croft D, Squizzato S, Thevenet-Morrison K, Chalupa D, Rich DQ. Changes in triggering of ST-elevation myocardial infarction by particulate air pollution in Monroe County, New York over time: a case-crossover study. Environ Health 2019; 18:82. [PMID: 31492149 PMCID: PMC6728968 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations triggered ST elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMI). In Rochester, NY, multiple air quality policies and economic changes/influences from 2008 to 2013 led to decreased concentrations of PM2.5 and its major constituents (SO42-, NO3-, elemental and primary organic carbon). This study examined whether the rate of STEMI associated with increased ambient gaseous and PM component concentrations was different AFTER these air quality policies and economic changes (2014-2016), compared to DURING (2008-2013) and BEFORE these polices and changes (2005-2007). METHODS Using 921 STEMIs treated at the University of Rochester Medical Center (2005-2016) and a case-crossover design, we examined whether the rate of STEMI associated with increased PM2.5, ultrafine particles (UFP, < 100 nm), accumulation mode particles (AMP, 100-500 nm), black carbon, SO2, CO, and O3 concentrations in the previous 1-72 h was modified by the time period related to these pollutant source changes (BEFORE, DURING, AFTER). RESULTS Each interquartile range (3702 particles/cm3) increase in UFP concentration in the previous 1 h was associated with a 12% (95% CI = 3%, 22%) increase in the rate of STEMI. The effect size was larger in the AFTER period (26%) than the DURING (5%) or BEFORE periods (9%). There were similar patterns for black carbon and SO2. CONCLUSIONS An increased rate of STEMI associated with UFP and other pollutant concentrations was higher in the AFTER period compared to the BEFORE and DURING periods. This may be due to changes in PM composition (e.g. higher secondary organic carbon and particle bound reactive oxygen species) following these air quality policies and economic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Philip K. Hopke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY USA
| | - Mauro Masiol
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY USA
| | - Sally W. Thurston
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Scott Cameron
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Frederick Ling
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Edwin van Wijngaarden
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Daniel Croft
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Stefania Squizzato
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY USA
| | - Kelly Thevenet-Morrison
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - David Chalupa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
| | - David Q. Rich
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 265 Crittenden Boulevard, CU 420644, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
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Wickliffe JK, Simon-Friedt B, Howard JL, Frahm E, Meyer B, Wilson MJ, Pangeni D, Overton EB. Consumption of Fish and Shrimp from Southeast Louisiana Poses No Unacceptable Lifetime Cancer Risks Attributable to High-Priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Risk Anal 2018; 38:1944-1961. [PMID: 29534340 PMCID: PMC6136993 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Following oil spills such as the Deepwater Horizon accident (DWH), contamination of seafood resources and possible increased health risks attributable to consumption of seafood in spill areas are major concerns. In this study, locally harvested finfish and shrimp were collected from research participants in southeast Louisiana and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are some of the most important chemicals of concern regarding oil-spill-contaminated seafood resources during and following oil spills. Some PAHs are considered carcinogens for risk assessment purposes, and currently, seven of these can be combined in lifetime cancer risk assessments using EPA approaches. Most PAHs were not detected in these samples (minimum detection limits ranged from 1.2 to 2.1 PPB) and of those that were detected, they were generally below 10 PPB. The pattern of detected PAHs suggested that the source of these chemicals in these seafood samples was not a result of direct contact with crude oil. Lifetime cancer risks were assessed using conservative assumptions and models in a probabilistic framework for the seven carcinogenic PAHs. Lifetime health risks modeled using this framework did not exceed a 1/10,000 cancer risk threshold. Conservative, health-protective deterministic estimates of the levels of concern for PAH chemical concentration and seafood intake rates were above the concentrations and intake rates modeled under this probabilistic framework. Taken together, consumption of finfish and shrimp harvested from southeast Louisiana following the DWH does not pose unacceptable lifetime cancer risks from these seven carcinogenic PAHs even for the heaviest possible consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey K. Wickliffe
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Bridget Simon-Friedt
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Jessi L. Howard
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Ericka Frahm
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Buffy Meyer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Mark J. Wilson
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Deepa Pangeni
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Edward B. Overton
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
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19
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McQueen CM, Schmitt EE, Sarkar TR, Elswood J, Metz RP, Earnest D, Rijnkels M, Porter WW. PER2 regulation of mammary gland development. Development 2018; 145:dev.157966. [PMID: 29490985 PMCID: PMC5897596 DOI: 10.1242/dev.157966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The molecular clock plays key roles in daily physiological functions, development and cancer. Period 2 (PER2) is a repressive element, which inhibits transcription activated by positive clock elements, resulting in diurnal cycling of genes. However, there are gaps in our understanding of the role of the clock in normal development outside of its time-keeping function. Here, we show that PER2 has a noncircadian function that is crucial to mammalian mammary gland development. Virgin Per2-deficient mice, Per2-/- , have underdeveloped glands, containing fewer bifurcations and terminal ducts than glands of wild-type mice. Using a transplantation model, we show that these changes are intrinsic to the gland and further identify changes in cell fate commitment. Per2-/- mouse mammary glands have a dual luminal/basal phenotypic character in cells of the ductal epithelium. We identified colocalization of E-cadherin and keratin 14 in luminal cells. Similar results were demonstrated using MCF10A and shPER2 MCF10A human cell lines. Collectively this study reveals a crucial noncircadian function of PER2 in mammalian mammary gland development, validates the Per2-/- model, and describes a potential role for PER2 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole M McQueen
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Emily E Schmitt
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Tapasree R Sarkar
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jessica Elswood
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Richard P Metz
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - David Earnest
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Monique Rijnkels
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Weston W Porter
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Center for Biological Clocks Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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20
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Xie C, Jiang C, Shi J, Gao X, Sun D, Sun L, Wang T, Takahashi S, Anitha M, Krausz KW, Patterson AD, Gonzalez FJ. An Intestinal Farnesoid X Receptor-Ceramide Signaling Axis Modulates Hepatic Gluconeogenesis in Mice. Diabetes 2017; 66:613-626. [PMID: 28223344 PMCID: PMC5319721 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports the view that intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is involved in glucose tolerance and that FXR signaling can be profoundly impacted by the gut microbiota. Selective manipulation of the gut microbiota-FXR signaling axis was reported to significantly impact glucose intolerance, but the precise molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an over-the-counter dietary supplement and an inhibitor of bacterial bile salt hydrolase, increased levels of intestinal tauro-β-muricholic acid, which selectively suppresses intestinal FXR signaling. Intestinal FXR inhibition decreased ceramide levels by suppressing expression of genes involved in ceramide synthesis specifically in the intestinal ileum epithelial cells. The lower serum ceramides mediated decreased hepatic mitochondrial acetyl-CoA levels and pyruvate carboxylase (PC) activities and attenuated hepatic gluconeogenesis, independent of body weight change and hepatic insulin signaling in vivo; this was reversed by treatment of mice with ceramides or the FXR agonist GW4064. Ceramides substantially attenuated mitochondrial citrate synthase activities primarily through the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, which triggers increased hepatic mitochondrial acetyl-CoA levels and PC activities. These results reveal a mechanism by which the dietary supplement CAPE and intestinal FXR regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis and suggest that inhibiting intestinal FXR is a strategy for treating hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Xie
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jingmin Shi
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Xiaoxia Gao
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dongxue Sun
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shogo Takahashi
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mallappa Anitha
- Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Kristopher W Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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