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Carmanius PL, Lundin S, Ödling M, Kimland E, Ballardini N, Melén E, Bergström A, Dahlén E. Drug utilization among young adults with atopic dermatitis: Influence of sex, socio-economic status and disease severity. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024. [PMID: 38709168 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.20076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects individuals of all ages, and the first-line treatment are emollients and topical corticosteroids. There is insufficient knowledge about factors possibly affecting the drug utilization of young adults with AD. OBJECTIVES To describe the drug utilization of young adults with AD in relation to sex, socio-economic status and disease severity. METHODS A cross-sectional study based on the 24-year follow-up from the population-based BAMSE (Children, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology Survey) birth cohort linked with dispensing data from the National Drug Register (n = 2912). Self-reported AD and socio-economic status were defined from questionnaire data and disease severity was determined through the clinical examination and Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure questionnaire. RESULTS The prevalence of AD in young adults was 17.7% (n = 516) and 45.5% of them were dispensed at least one drug for the treatment of AD during the study period (January 2016 to June 2019). Topical corticosteroids (TCS) were the most common drugs (32.9%) followed by emollients (21.7%). A larger proportion of men were dispensed TCS than women (39.0% vs. 29.1%: p-value = 0.020). A larger proportion of young adults with moderate-to-severe AD were dispensed TCS than those with mild AD (52.6% vs. 35.3%: p-value = 0.026). No one was dispensed the recommended amount of emollients and less than five individuals were dispensed the recommended amount of TCS for mild disease. Male sex (adj.OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.06-2.34) and moderate-to-severe AD (adj.OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.59-4.31) were associated with dispensation of TCS. CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of young adults with AD was undertreated or untreated. Sex and disease severity did affect the dispensing patterns of investigated drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Carmanius
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Lundin
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Ödling
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Kimland
- The Swedish Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - N Ballardini
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Dahlén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Swedish Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
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Goetze S, van Drogen A, Albinus JB, Fort KL, Gandhi T, Robbiani D, Laforte V, Reiter L, Levesque MP, Xuan Y, Wollscheid B. Simultaneous targeted and discovery-driven clinical proteotyping using hybrid-PRM/DIA. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:26. [PMID: 38565978 PMCID: PMC10988896 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical samples are irreplaceable, and their transformation into searchable and reusable digital biobanks is critical for conducting statistically empowered retrospective and integrative research studies. Currently, mainly data-independent acquisition strategies are employed to digitize clinical sample cohorts comprehensively. However, the sensitivity of DIA is limited, which is why selected marker candidates are often additionally measured targeted by parallel reaction monitoring. METHODS Here, we applied the recently co-developed hybrid-PRM/DIA technology as a new intelligent data acquisition strategy that allows for the comprehensive digitization of rare clinical samples at the proteotype level. Hybrid-PRM/DIA enables enhanced measurement sensitivity for a specific set of analytes of current clinical interest by the intelligent triggering of multiplexed parallel reaction monitoring (MSxPRM) in combination with the discovery-driven digitization of the clinical biospecimen using DIA. Heavy-labeled reference peptides were utilized as triggers for MSxPRM and monitoring of endogenous peptides. RESULTS We first evaluated hybrid-PRM/DIA in a clinical context on a pool of 185 selected proteotypic peptides for tumor-associated antigens derived from 64 annotated human protein groups. We demonstrated improved reproducibility and sensitivity for the detection of endogenous peptides, even at lower concentrations near the detection limit. Up to 179 MSxPRM scans were shown not to affect the overall DIA performance. Next, we applied hybrid-PRM/DIA for the integrated digitization of biobanked melanoma samples using a set of 30 AQUA peptides against 28 biomarker candidates with relevance in molecular tumor board evaluations of melanoma patients. Within the DIA-detected approximately 6500 protein groups, the selected marker candidates such as UFO, CDK4, NF1, and PMEL could be monitored consistently and quantitatively using MSxPRM scans, providing additional confidence for supporting future clinical decision-making. CONCLUSIONS Combining PRM and DIA measurements provides a new strategy for the sensitive and reproducible detection of protein markers from patients currently being discussed in molecular tumor boards in combination with the opportunity to discover new biomarker candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Goetze
- Institute of Translational Medicine (ITM), Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- ETH PHRT Swiss Multi-Omics Center (SMOC), Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Audrey van Drogen
- Institute of Translational Medicine (ITM), Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
- ETH PHRT Swiss Multi-Omics Center (SMOC), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas B Albinus
- Institute of Translational Medicine (ITM), Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kyle L Fort
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bremen) GmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yue Xuan
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bremen) GmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wollscheid
- Institute of Translational Medicine (ITM), Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Nicolaides KH, Syngelaki A, Poon LC, Rolnik DL, Tan MY, Wright A, Wright D. First-trimester prediction of preterm pre-eclampsia and prophylaxis by aspirin: Effect on spontaneous and iatrogenic preterm birth. BJOG 2024; 131:483-492. [PMID: 37749709 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the predictive performance for preterm birth (PTB) of the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) triple test and National Institute for health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines used to screen for pre-eclampsia and examine the impact of aspirin in the prevention of PTB. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data from the SPREE study and the ASPRE trial. SETTING Multicentre studies. POPULATION In SPREE, women with singleton pregnancies had screening for preterm pre-eclampsia at 11-13 weeks of gestation by the FMF method and NICE guidelines. There were 16 451 pregnancies that resulted in delivery at ≥24 weeks of gestation and these data were used to derive the predictive performance for PTB of the two methods of screening. The results from the ASPRE trial were used to examine the effect of aspirin in the prevention of PTB in the population from SPREE. METHODS Comparison of performance of FMF method and NICE guidelines for pre-eclampsia in the prediction of PTB and use of aspirin in prevention of PTB. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Spontaneous PTB (sPTB), iatrogenic PTB for pre-eclampsia (iPTB-PE) and iatrogenic PTB for reasons other than pre-eclampsia (iPTB-noPE). RESULTS Estimated incidence rates of sPTB, iPTB-PE and iPTB-noPE were 3.4%, 0.8% and 1.6%, respectively. The corresponding detection rates were 17%, 82% and 25% for the triple test and 12%, 39% and 19% for NICE guidelines, using the same overall screen positive rate of 10.2%. The estimated proportions prevented by aspirin were 14%, 65% and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSION Prediction of sPTB and iPTB-noPE by the triple test was poor and poorer by the NICE guidelines. Neither sPTB nor iPTB-noPE was reduced substantially by aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Argyro Syngelaki
- Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Institute of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Liona C Poon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Min Yi Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alan Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David Wright
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Esposito Abate R, Pasquale R, Sacco A, Simeon V, Maiello MR, Frezzetti D, Chiodini P, Normanno N. Harmonization of tumor mutation burden testing with comprehensive genomic profiling assays: an IQN Path initiative. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e007800. [PMID: 38309725 PMCID: PMC10840060 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although conflicting results emerged from different studies, the tumor mutational burden (TMB) appears as one of most reliable biomarkers of sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Several laboratories are reporting TMB values when performing comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) without providing a clinical interpretation, due to the lack of validated cut-off values. The International Quality Network for Pathology launched an initiative to harmonize TMB testing with CGP assay and favor the clinical implementation of this biomarker. METHODS TMB evaluation was performed with three commercially available CGP panels, TruSight Oncology 500 (TSO500), Oncomine Comprehensive Plus Assay (OCA) and QIAseq Multimodal Panel (QIA), versus the reference assay FoundationOne CDx (F1CDx). Archived clinical samples derived from 60 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were used for TMB assessment. Adjusted cut-off values for each panel were calculated. RESULTS Testing was successful for 91.7%, 100%, 96.7% and 100% of cases using F1CDx, TSO500, OCA and QIA, respectively. The matrix comparison analysis, between the F1CDx and CGP assays, showed a linear correlation for all three panels, with a higher correlation between F1CDx and TSO500 (rho=0.88) than in the other two comparisons (rho=0.77 for QIA; 0.72 for OCA). The TSO500 showed the best area under the curve (AUC, value 0.96), with a statistically significant difference when compared with the AUC of OCA (0.83, p value=0.01) and QIA (0.88, p value=0.028). The Youden Index calculation allowed us to extrapolate TMB cut-offs of the different panels corresponding to the 10 mutations/megabase (muts/Mb) cut-off of F1CDx: 10.19, 10.4 and 12.37 muts/Mb for TSO500, OCA and QIA, respectively. Using these values, we calculated the relative accuracy measures for the three panels. TSO500 showed 86% specificity and 96% sensitivity, while OCA and QIA had lower yet similar values of specificity and sensitivity (73% and 88%, respectively). CONCLUSION This study estimated TMB cut-off values for commercially available CGP panels. The results showed a good performance of all panels on clinical samples and the calculated cut-offs support better accuracy measures for TSO500. The validated cut-off values can drive clinical interpretation of TMB testing in clinical research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riziero Esposito Abate
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G.Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Sacco
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G.Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vittorio Simeon
- Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Monica Rosaria Maiello
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G.Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Frezzetti
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G.Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Chiodini
- Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G.Pascale, Napoli, Italy
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Rogers MB, Harner A, Buhay M, Firek B, Methé B, Morris A, Palmer OMP, Promes SB, Sherwin RL, Southerland L, Vieira AR, Yende S, Morowitz MJ, Huang DT. The salivary microbiota of patients with acute lower respiratory tract infection-A multicenter cohort study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0290062. [PMID: 38206940 PMCID: PMC10783762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome contributes to health and disease, but the oral microbiota is understudied relative to the gut microbiota. The salivary microbiota is easily accessible, underexplored, and may provide insight into response to infections. We sought to determine the composition, association with clinical features, and heterogeneity of the salivary microbiota in patients with acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study of 147 adults with acute LRTI presenting to the emergency department of seven hospitals in three states (Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Ohio) between May 2017 and November 2018. Salivary samples were collected in the emergency department, at days 2-5 if hospitalized, and at day 30, as well as fecal samples if patients were willing. We compared salivary microbiota profiles from patients to those of healthy adult volunteers by sequencing and analyzing bacterial 16-rRNA. Compared to healthy volunteers, the salivary microbiota of patients with LRTI was highly distinct and strongly enriched with intestinal anaerobes such as Bacteroidaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae (e.g., mean 10% relative abundance of Bacteroides vs < 1% in healthy volunteers). Within the LRTI population, COPD exacerbation was associated with altered salivary microbiota composition compared to other LRTI conditions. The largest determinant of microbiota variation within the LRTI population was geography (city in which the hospital was located).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B. Rogers
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ashley Harner
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Megan Buhay
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Brian Firek
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Barbara Methé
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alison Morris
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Susan B. Promes
- Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Lauren Southerland
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sachin Yende
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Morowitz
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - David T. Huang
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Arjuna S, Shah M, Dono A, Nunez-Rubiano L, Pichardo-Rojas PS, Zhu JJ, Riascos RF, Luthra R, Roy-Chowdhuri S, Duose D, Wang DH, Lang FF, Esquenazi Y, Ballester LY. Rapid detection of mutations in CSF-cfTNA with the Genexus Integrated Sequencer. J Neurooncol 2024; 166:39-49. [PMID: 38160230 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genomic alterations are fundamental for molecular-guided therapy in patients with breast and lung cancer. However, the turn-around time of standard next-generation sequencing assays is a limiting factor in the timely delivery of genomic information for clinical decision-making. METHODS In this study, we evaluated genomic alterations in 54 cerebrospinal fluid samples from 33 patients with metastatic lung cancer and metastatic breast cancer to the brain using the Oncomine Precision Assay on the Genexus sequencer. There were nine patients with samples collected at multiple time points. RESULTS Cell-free total nucleic acids (cfTNA) were extracted from CSF (0.1-11.2 ng/μl). Median base coverage was 31,963× with cfDNA input ranging from 2 to 20 ng. Mutations were detected in 30/54 CSF samples. Nineteen (19/24) samples with no mutations detected had suboptimal DNA input (< 20 ng). The EGFR exon-19 deletion and PIK3CA mutations were detected in two patients with increasing mutant allele fraction over time, highlighting the potential of CSF-cfTNA analysis for monitoring patients. Moreover, the EGFR T790M mutation was detected in one patient with prior EGFR inhibitor treatment. Additionally, ESR1 D538G and ESR1::CCDC170 alterations, associated with endocrine therapy resistance, were detected in 2 mBC patients. The average TAT from cfTNA-to-results was < 24 h. CONCLUSION In summary, our results indicate that CSF-cfTNA analysis with the Genexus-OPA can provide clinically relevant information in patients with brain metastases with short TAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Arjuna
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mauli Shah
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antonio Dono
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luis Nunez-Rubiano
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pavel S Pichardo-Rojas
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jay-Jiguang Zhu
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, TX, USA
- Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roy F Riascos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rajyalakshmi Luthra
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dzifa Duose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel H Wang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yoshua Esquenazi
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, TX, USA.
- Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Precision Health, Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Leomar Y Ballester
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Neuropathology and Molecular Genetic Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Nilsson C, Vereda A, Borres MP, Andersson M, Södergren E, Rudengren M, Smith A, Simon RJ, Ryan R, Fernández‐Rivas M, Adelman D, Vickery BP. Exploratory immunogenicity outcomes of peanut oral immunotherapy: Findings from the PALISADE trial. Clin Transl Allergy 2024; 14:e12326. [PMID: 38282192 PMCID: PMC10793676 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) to peanut and its components may influence the clinical reactivity to peanut. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is known for modifying both IgE and IgG4. Peanut oral immunotherapy may influence these serological parameters. METHODS Exploratory analyses of serological data from participants receiving peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp (PTAH) and placebo in the double-blind, randomized, phase 3 PALISADE trial were conducted to evaluate potential relationships between peanut-specific and peanut component-specific (Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, Ara h 6, Ara h 8, and Ara h 9) IgE and IgG4 levels and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 269 participants (PTAH, n = 202; placebo, n = 67) were analyzed. No relationship was observed between specific IgE and IgG4 levels at screening and maximum tolerated peanut protein dose during screening or response status during exit double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). In PTAH-treated participants, no relationship was observed between IgE and IgG4 levels at screening and maximum symptom severity during exit DBPCFC. Postscreening ratios (ie, postscreening/screening) in the PTAH group were significant at the end of updosing and exit visit for most components. Postscreening changes in specific IgE levels were more pronounced with PTAH versus placebo for most components. CONCLUSIONS Specific IgE and IgG4 levels at screening are not correlated with screening or exit DBPCFC results, and are not predictive of clinical response to PTAH. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp contains the relevant and immunodominant allergens, inducing immunological changes with the treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02635776.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Nilsson
- Clinical Research and EducationKarolinska InstitutetSachs' Children and Youth HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Andrea Vereda
- Aimmune Therapeutics, a Nestlé Health Science CompanyLondonUK
| | - Magnus P. Borres
- Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Thermo Fisher ScientificUppsalaSweden
| | | | | | | | - Alex Smith
- Aimmune Therapeutics, a Nestlé Health Science CompanyBrisbaneCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Robert Ryan
- Aimmune Therapeutics, a Nestlé Health Science CompanyLondonUK
| | | | - Daniel Adelman
- Aimmune Therapeutics, a Nestlé Health Science CompanyBrisbaneCaliforniaUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California‐San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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Arjune S, Späth MR, Oehm S, Todorova P, Schunk SJ, Lettenmeier K, Chon SH, Bartram MP, Antczak P, Grundmann F, Fliser D, Müller RU. DKK3 as a potential novel biomarker in patients with autosomal polycystic kidney disease. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfad262. [PMID: 38186869 PMCID: PMC10768788 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgound Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited kidney disease, and leads to a steady loss of kidney function in adulthood. The variable course of the disease makes it necessary to identify the patients with rapid disease progression who will benefit the most from targeted therapies and interventions. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging-based volumetry of the kidney is the most commonly used tool for this purpose. Biomarkers that can be easily and quantitatively determined, which allow a prediction of the loss of kidney function, have not yet been established in clinical practice. The glycoprotein Dickkopf 3 (DKK3) which is secreted in the renal tubular epithelium upon stress and contributes to tubulointerstitial fibrosis via the Wnt signaling pathway, was recently described as a biomarker for estimating risk of kidney function loss, but has not been investigated for ADPKD. This study aimed to obtain a first insight into whether DKK3 may indeed improve outcome prediction in ADPKD in the future. Methods In 184 ADPKD patients from the AD(H)PKD registry and 47 healthy controls, the urinary DKK3 (uDKK3) levels were determined using ELISA. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the potential of these values in outcome prediction. Results ADPKD patients showed significantly higher uDKK3 values compared with the controls (mean 1970 ± 5287 vs 112 ± 134.7 pg/mg creatinine). Furthermore, there was a steady increase in uDKK3 with an increase in the Mayo class (A/B 1262 ± 2315 vs class D/E 3104 ± 7627 pg/mg creatinine), the best-established biomarker of progression in ADPKD. uDKK3 also correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Patients with PKD1 mutations show higher uDKK3 levels compared with PKD2 patients (PKD1: 2304 ± 5119; PKD2: 506.6 ± 526.8 pg/mg creatinine). Univariate linear regression showed uDKK3 as a significant predictor of future eGFR slope estimation. In multiple linear regression this effect was not significant in models also containing height-adjusted total kidney volume and/or eGFR. However, adding both copeptin levels and the interaction term between copeptin and uDKK3 to the model resulted in a significant predictive value of all these three variables and the highest R2 of all models examined (∼0.5). Conclusion uDKK3 shows a clear correlation with the Mayo classification in patients with ADPKD. uDKK3 levels correlated with kidney function, which could indicate that uDKK3 also predicts a disproportionate loss of renal function in this collective. Interestingly, we found an interaction between copeptin and uDKK3 in our prediction models and the best model containing both variables and their interaction term resulted in a fairly good explanation of variance in eGFR slope compared with previous models. Considering the limited number of patients in these analyses, future studies will be required to confirm the results. Nonetheless, uDKK3 appears to be an attractive candidate to improve outcome prediction of ADPKD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Arjune
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin R Späth
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Oehm
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Polina Todorova
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan J Schunk
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Nephrology and Hypertension, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Katharina Lettenmeier
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Seung-Hun Chon
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Malte P Bartram
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Antczak
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Franziska Grundmann
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Danilo Fliser
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Nephrology and Hypertension, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
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9
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Smith J, Guapo F, Strasser L, Millán-Martín S, Milian SG, Snyder RO, Bones J. Development of a Rapid Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Identity Testing Platform through Comprehensive Intact Mass Analysis of Full-Length AAV Capsid Proteins. J Proteome Res 2023; 23:161-174. [PMID: 38123456 PMCID: PMC10775144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are commonly used as vectors for the delivery of gene therapy targets. Characterization of AAV capsid proteins (VPs) and their post-translational modifications (PTMs) have become a critical attribute monitored to evaluate product quality. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of intact AAV VPs provides both quick and reliable serotype identification as well as proteoform information on each VP. Incorporating these analytical strategies into rapid good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant workflows containing robust, but simplified, data processing methods is necessary to ensure effective product quality control (QC) during production. Here, we present a GMP-compliant LC-MS workflow for the rapid identification and in-depth characterization of AAVs. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) MS with difluoroacetic acid as a mobile phase modifier is utilized to achieve the intact separation and identification of AAV VPs and their potential proteoforms. Peptide mapping is performed to confirm PTMs identified during intact VP analysis and for in-depth PTM characterization. The intact separations platform is then incorporated into a data processing workflow developed using GMP-compliant software capable of rapid AAV serotype identification and, if desired, specific serotype PTM monitoring and characterization. Such a platform provides product QC capabilities that are easily accessible in a regulatory setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Smith
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, The National
Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Felipe Guapo
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, The National
Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Lisa Strasser
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, The National
Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Silvia Millán-Martín
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, The National
Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Steven G. Milian
- Patheon
Viral Vector Services, 13859 Progress Blvd, Alachua, Florida 32615, United States
| | - Richard O. Snyder
- Patheon
Viral Vector Services, 13859 Progress Blvd, Alachua, Florida 32615, United States
| | - Jonathan Bones
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, The National
Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
- School
of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8.F, Ireland
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10
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Refardt J, Atila C, Chifu I, Ferrante E, Erlic Z, Drummond JB, Indirli R, Drexhage RC, Sailer CO, Widmer A, Felder S, Powlson AS, Hutter N, Vogt DR, Gurnell M, Soares BS, Hofland J, Beuschlein F, Fassnacht M, Winzeler B, Christ-Crain M. Arginine or Hypertonic Saline-Stimulated Copeptin to Diagnose AVP Deficiency. N Engl J Med 2023; 389:1877-1887. [PMID: 37966286 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2306263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinguishing between arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency and primary polydipsia is challenging. Hypertonic saline-stimulated copeptin has been used to diagnose AVP deficiency with high accuracy but requires close sodium monitoring. Arginine-stimulated copeptin has shown similar diagnostic accuracy but with a simpler test protocol. However, data are lacking from a head-to-head comparison between arginine-stimulated copeptin and hypertonic saline-stimulated copeptin in the diagnosis of AVP deficiency. METHODS In this international, noninferiority trial, we assigned adult patients with polydipsia and hypotonic polyuria or a known diagnosis of AVP deficiency to undergo diagnostic evaluation with hypertonic-saline stimulation on one day and with arginine stimulation on another day. Two endocrinologists independently made the final diagnosis of AVP deficiency or primary polydipsia with use of clinical information, treatment response, and the hypertonic-saline test results. The primary outcome was the overall diagnostic accuracy according to prespecified copeptin cutoff values of 3.8 pmol per liter after 60 minutes for arginine and 4.9 pmol per liter once the sodium level was more than 149 mmol per liter for hypertonic saline. RESULTS Of the 158 patients who underwent the two tests, 69 (44%) received the diagnosis of AVP deficiency and 89 (56%) received the diagnosis of primary polydipsia. The diagnostic accuracy was 74.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 67.0 to 80.6) for arginine-stimulated copeptin and 95.6% (95% CI, 91.1 to 97.8) for hypertonic saline-stimulated copeptin (estimated difference, -21.2 percentage points; 95% CI, -28.7 to -14.3). Adverse events were generally mild with the two tests. A total of 72% of the patients preferred testing with arginine as compared with hypertonic saline. Arginine-stimulated copeptin at a value of 3.0 pmol per liter or less led to a diagnosis of AVP deficiency with a specificity of 90.9% (95% CI, 81.7 to 95.7), whereas levels of more than 5.2 pmol per liter led to a diagnosis of primary polydipsia with a specificity of 91.4% (95% CI, 83.7 to 95.6). CONCLUSIONS Among adult patients with polyuria polydipsia syndrome, AVP deficiency was more accurately diagnosed with hypertonic saline-stimulated copeptin than with arginine-stimulated copeptin. (Funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation; CARGOx ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03572166.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Refardt
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cihan Atila
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Chifu
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emanuele Ferrante
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zoran Erlic
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Juliana B Drummond
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rita Indirli
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Roosmarijn C Drexhage
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Clara O Sailer
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Widmer
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Felder
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S Powlson
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Hutter
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah R Vogt
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Gurnell
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz S Soares
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Hofland
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bettina Winzeler
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mirjam Christ-Crain
- From the Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., B.W., M.C.-C.) and Clinical Research (J.R., C.A., C.O.S., A.W., S.F., N.H., D.R.V., B.W., M.C.-C.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich (Z.E., F.B.), and the LOOP Zurich-Medical Research Center (F.B.), Zurich - all in Switzerland; the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.R., R.C.D., J.H.); the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg (I.C., M.F.), and Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg (M.F.), Würzburg, and Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich (F.B.) - all in Germany; the Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (E.F., R.I.), and the Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan (R.I.) - both in Milan; the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (J.B.D., B.S.S.); and Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus (A.S.P., M.G.) and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals (M.G.) - both in Cambridge, United Kingdom
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11
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Esterhuizen N, Berman DM, Neumann FH, Ajikah L, Quick LJ, Hilmer E, Van Aardt A, John J, Garland R, Hill T, Finch J, Hoek W, Bamford M, Seedat RY, Manjra AI, Peter J. The South African Pollen Monitoring Network: Insights from 2 years of national aerospora sampling (2019-2021). Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12304. [PMID: 38006379 PMCID: PMC10620116 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pollen monitoring has been discontinuously undertaken in South Africa, a country with high biodiversity, a seasonal rainfall gradient, and nine biomes from arid to subtropical. The South African Pollen Monitoring Network was set up in 2019 to conduct the first long-term national aerospora monitoring across multiple biomes, providing weekly reports to allergy sufferers and healthcare providers. METHODS Daily airborne pollen concentrations were measured from August 2019 to August 2021 in seven cities across South Africa. Updated pollen calendars were created for the major pollen types (>3%), the average Annual Pollen Index over 12 months was calculated, and the results were compared to available historical data. RESULTS The main pollen types were from exotic vegetation. The most abundant taxa were Poaceae, Cupressaceae, Moraceae and Buddleja. The pollen season start, peak and end varied widely according to the biome and suite of pollen taxa. The main tree season started in the last week of August, peaked in September and ended in early December. Grass seasons followed rainfall patterns: September-January and January-April for summer and winter rainfall areas, respectively. Major urban centres, for example, Johannesburg and Pretoria in the same biome with similar rainfall, showed substantive differences in pollen taxa and abundance. Some major differences in pollen spectra were detected compared with historical data. However, we are cognisant that we are describing only 2 years of data that may be skewed by short-term weather patterns. CONCLUSIONS Differences in pollen spectra and concentrations were noted across biomes and between geographically close urban centres. Comparison with historical data suggests pollen spectra and seasons may be changing due to anthropogenic climate change and landscaping. These data stress the importance of regional and continuous pollen monitoring for informed care of pollinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanike Esterhuizen
- Division of Allergology and Clinical ImmunologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Dilys M. Berman
- Division of Allergology and Clinical ImmunologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Frank H. Neumann
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of GeosciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and ManagementFaculty of Natural and Agricultural ScienceNorth West UniversityPotchefstroomSouth Africa
| | - Linus Ajikah
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of GeosciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Lynne J. Quick
- African Centre for Coastal PaleoscienceNelson Mandela UniversityGqeberhaSouth Africa
| | - Erin Hilmer
- African Centre for Coastal PaleoscienceNelson Mandela UniversityGqeberhaSouth Africa
| | - Andri Van Aardt
- Department of Plant SciencesFaculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa
| | | | - Rebecca Garland
- Smart PlaceCSIRPretoriaSouth Africa
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Science, Department of GeographyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Trevor Hill
- Discipline of GeographyUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Jemma Finch
- Discipline of GeographyUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Werner Hoek
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyGariep MediclinicKimberleySouth Africa
| | - Marion Bamford
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of GeosciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Riaz Y. Seedat
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa
| | | | - Jonny Peter
- Division of Allergology and Clinical ImmunologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Allergy and Immunology UnitUniversity of Cape Town Lung InstituteCape TownSouth Africa
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12
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Greenland KK, Pennel KAF, Cioccoloni G, Rogerson C, Barnieh FM, Speirs V. Trailblazers in cancer research: the next generation - the British Association of Cancer Research early-career conference. Biol Open 2023; 12:bio060121. [PMID: 37846765 PMCID: PMC10602000 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The inaugural 'British Association of Cancer Research (BACR) Early Career Conference, Trailblazers in Cancer Research 2023', was a 2-day meeting held in Manchester, UK. Recognising the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic to early-career researchers (ECRs), the BACR executive committee organised an in-person conference to address the lack of network and training opportunities during this time. The conference brought together PhD students and post-doctoral researchers from across the UK and beyond, who shared their outstanding contributions to cancer research. The meeting incorporated several cutting-edge cancer themes, including 'Cancer Cell Signalling and The Tumour Microenvironment'; 'Emerging Approaches in Cancer Treatment'; 'Cancer Omics and Lifestyle', and 'Nutrition and Cancer'. Alongside showcasing world-class cancer research, the meeting included a career-focused session which allowed industrial and non-academic speakers to provide vital insight into alternative career paths aside from the familiar 'academic' route. Importantly, the conference also introduced delegates to Patient Public Involvement in cancer research, an area of limited experience for many. Overall, the BACR Trailblazers Conference was hugely successful and presented an excellent platform for collaboration and networking among ECRs in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle K. Greenland
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Kathryn A. F. Pennel
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Giorgia Cioccoloni
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Connor Rogerson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Francis M. Barnieh
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Valerie Speirs
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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13
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Strasser L, Füssl F, Morgan TE, Carillo S, Bones J. Exploring Charge-Detection Mass Spectrometry on Chromatographic Time Scales. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15118-15124. [PMID: 37772750 PMCID: PMC10568534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Charge-detection mass spectrometry (CDMS) enables direct measurement of the charge of an ion alongside its mass-to-charge ratio. CDMS offers unique capabilities for the analysis of samples where isotopic resolution or the separation of charge states cannot be achieved, i.e., heterogeneous macromolecules or highly complex mixtures. CDMS is usually performed using static nano-electrospray ionization-based direct infusion with acquisition times in the range of several tens of minutes to hours. Whether CDMS analysis is also attainable on shorter time scales, e.g., comparable to chromatographic peak widths, has not yet been extensively investigated. In this contribution, we probed the compatibility of CDMS with online liquid chromatography interfacing. Size exclusion chromatography was coupled to CDMS for separation and mass determination of a mixture of transferrin and β-galactosidase. Molecular masses obtained were compared to results from mass spectrometry based on ion ensembles. A relationship between the number of CDMS spectra acquired and the achievable mass accuracy was established. Both proteins were found to be confidently identified using CDMS spectra obtained from a single chromatographic run when peak widths in the range of 1.4-2.5 min, translating to 140-180 spectra per protein were achieved. After demonstration of the proof of concept, the approach was tested for the characterization of the highly complex glycoprotein α-1-acid glycoprotein and the Fc-fusion protein etanercept. With chromatographic peak widths of approximately 3 min, translating to ∼200 spectra, both proteins were successfully identified, demonstrating applicability for samples of high inherent molecular complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Strasser
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT −
the National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock
Co, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Florian Füssl
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT −
the National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock
Co, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Tomos E. Morgan
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT −
the National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock
Co, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
- MRC
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K.
| | - Sara Carillo
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT −
the National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock
Co, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Bones
- Characterisation
and Comparability Laboratory, NIBRT −
the National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Foster Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock
Co, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Bioprocessing, University College of Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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14
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Normanno N, Machado JC, Pescarmona E, Buglioni S, Navarro L, Esposito Abate R, Ferro A, Mensink R, Lambiase M, Lespinet-Fabre V, Calgua B, Jermann PM, Ilié M, Hofman P. European Real-World Assessment of the Clinical Validity of a CE-IVD Panel for Ultra-Fast Next-Generation Sequencing in Solid Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13788. [PMID: 37762091 PMCID: PMC10531166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular profiling of solid tumors facilitates personalized, targeted therapeutic interventions. The ability to perform next-generation sequencing (NGS), especially from small tissue samples, in a short turnaround time (TAT) is essential to providing results that enable rapid clinical decisions. This multicenter study evaluated the performance of a CE in vitro diagnostic (IVD) assay, the Oncomine Dx Express Test, on the Ion Torrent Genexus System for detecting DNA and RNA variants in solid tumors. Eighty-two archived formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from lung, colorectal, central nervous system, melanoma, breast, gastric, thyroid, and soft tissue cancers were used to assess the presence of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions and deletions (indels), copy number variations (CNVs), gene fusions, and splice variants. These clinical samples were previously characterized at the various academic centers using orthogonal methods. The Oncomine Dx Express Test showed high performance with 100% concordance with previous characterization for SNVs, indels, CNVs, gene fusions, and splice variants. SNVs and indels with allele frequencies as low as 5% were correctly identified. The test detected all the expected ALK, RET, NTRK1, and ROS1 fusion isoforms and MET exon 14-skipping splice variants. The average TAT from extracted nucleic acids to the final variant report was 18.3 h. The Oncomine Dx Express Test in combination with the Ion Torrent Genexus System is a CE-IVD-compliant, performant, and multicenter reproducible method for NGS detection of actionable biomarkers from a range of tumor samples, providing results in a short TAT that could support timely decision- making for targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.N.); (R.E.A.)
| | - José Carlos Machado
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.M.); (A.F.); (R.M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (Ipatimup), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Lara Navarro
- Consorcio Hospital General de Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Riziero Esposito Abate
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.N.); (R.E.A.)
| | - Anabela Ferro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.M.); (A.F.); (R.M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (Ipatimup), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rob Mensink
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.M.); (A.F.); (R.M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (Ipatimup), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Matilde Lambiase
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.N.); (R.E.A.)
| | - Virginie Lespinet-Fabre
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Biobank BB-0033-00025, FHU OncoAge, IHU RespirERA, CHU de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (V.L.-F.); (M.I.)
| | - Byron Calgua
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (B.C.); (P.M.J.)
| | - Philip M. Jermann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (B.C.); (P.M.J.)
| | - Marius Ilié
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Biobank BB-0033-00025, FHU OncoAge, IHU RespirERA, CHU de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (V.L.-F.); (M.I.)
| | - Paul Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Biobank BB-0033-00025, FHU OncoAge, IHU RespirERA, CHU de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (V.L.-F.); (M.I.)
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15
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Lee R, Quesada-Cabrera R, Willis J, Iqbal A, Parkin IP, Scanlon DO, Palgrave RG. Phase Quantification of Heterogeneous Surfaces Using DFT-Simulated Valence Band Photoemission Spectra. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:39956-39965. [PMID: 37552034 PMCID: PMC10450682 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying the crystallographic phases present at a surface is an important challenge in fields such as functional materials and surface science. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is routinely employed in surface characterization to identify and quantify chemical species through core line analysis. Valence band (VB) spectra contain characteristic but complex features that provide information on the electronic density of states (DoS) and thus can be understood theoretically using density functional theory (DFT). Here, we present a method of fitting experimental photoemission spectra with DFT models for quantitative analysis of heterogeneous systems, specifically mapping the anatase to rutile ratio across the surface of mixed-phase TiO2 thin films. The results were correlated with mapped photocatalytic activity measured using a resazurin-based smart ink. This method allows large-scale functional and surface composition mapping in heterogeneous systems and demonstrates the unique insights gained from DFT-simulated spectra on the electronic structure origins of complex VB spectral features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxy Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, UCL (University College London), 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Raul Quesada-Cabrera
- Department
of Chemistry, UCL (University College London), 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Studies and Natural Resources
(i-UNAT, FEAM), Universidad de Las Palmas
de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Campus de Tafira, Las Palmas 35017, Spain
| | - Joe Willis
- Department
of Chemistry, UCL (University College London), 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Thomas
Young Centre, UCL (University College London), Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Asif Iqbal
- Materials
Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Department
of Chemistry, UCL (University College London), 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - David O. Scanlon
- Department
of Chemistry, UCL (University College London), 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Thomas
Young Centre, UCL (University College London), Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Robert G. Palgrave
- Department
of Chemistry, UCL (University College London), 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
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16
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Stephen B, Hajjar J, Sarda S, Duose DY, Conroy JM, Morrison C, Alshawa A, Xu M, Zarifa A, Patel SP, Yuan Y, Kwiatkowski E, Wang L, Rodon Ahnert J, Fu S, Meric-Bernstam F, Lowman GM, Looney T, Naing A. T-cell receptor beta variable gene polymorphism predicts immune-related adverse events during checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007236. [PMID: 37604642 PMCID: PMC10445351 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, they are associated with a unique spectrum of side effects, called immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can cause significant morbidity and quickly progress to severe or life-threatening events if not treated promptly. Identifying predictive biomarkers for irAEs before immunotherapy initiation is therefore a critical area of research. Polymorphisms within the T-cell receptor beta (TCRB) variable (TRBV) gene have been implicated in autoimmune disease and may be mechanistically linked to irAEs. However, the repetitive nature of the TCRB locus and incomplete genome assembly has hampered the evaluation of TRBV polymorphisms in the past. PATIENTS AND METHODS We used a novel method for long-amplicon next generation sequencing of rearranged TCRB chains from peripheral blood total RNA to evaluate the link between TRBV polymorphisms and irAEs in patients treated with immunotherapy for cancer. We employed multiplex PCR to create amplicons spanning the three beta chain complementarity-determining regions (CDR) regions to enable detection of polymorphism within the germline-encoded framework and CDR1 and CDR2 regions in addition to CDR3 profiling. Resultant amplicons were sequenced via the Ion Torrent and TRBV allele profiles constructed for each individual was correlated with irAE annotations to identify haplotypes associated with severe irAEs (≥ grade 3). RESULTS Our study included 81 patients who had irAEs when treated with immunotherapy for cancer. By using principal component analysis of the 81 TRBV allele profiles followed by k-means clustering, we identified six major TRBV haplotypes. Strikingly, we found that one-third of this cohort possessed a TRBV allele haplotype that appeared to be protective against severe irAEs. CONCLUSION The data suggest that long-amplicon TCRB repertoire sequencing can potentially identify TRBV haplotype groups that correlate with the risk of severe irAEs. Germline-encoded TRBV polymorphisms may serve as a predictive biomarker of severe irAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettzy Stephen
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joud Hajjar
- Adult Allergy and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Dzifa Yawa Duose
- Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Carl Morrison
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Anas Alshawa
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mingxuan Xu
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Abdulrazzak Zarifa
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sapna P Patel
- Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Evan Kwiatkowski
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Linghua Wang
- Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jordi Rodon Ahnert
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Siqing Fu
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Timothy Looney
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Clinical Next-Generation Sequencing, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Aung Naing
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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17
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Cabrera CM, Horrillo ML, Brito FF, Palacios‐Cañas A. Would the choice of multiplex platform impact the management of the allergic patient? A first approach focusing on LTPs. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24960. [PMID: 37638561 PMCID: PMC10561593 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Mediterranean area, patients with LTP syndrome who are sensitized to multiple allergens are often tested for sIgE using multiplex platforms. The results obtained from different commercial platforms are not interchangeable, so it is important to compare and validate the platform selected for use. The objective of this study is to compare and validate the performance of the ImmunoCAP ISAC E112i and the macroarray ALEX2 in our daily practice. METHODS From August 2021 to March 2022, we tested 20 random serum samples from polysensitized patients using the ALEX2 test (MADx) and ImmunoCAP tIgE and ISAC E112i (Thermo Fisher Scientific). We compared the total IgE (tIgE) and sIgE levels for shared allergens. RESULTS The heatmap generally showed more intense results for ISAC. The overall correlation was good, but some exceptions were noted. The main discrepancies were found for Ole e 7, which was positive for 11 patients in ISAC but negative for all patients in ALEX2, and for nut LTPs, for which ISAC showed a threefold higher detection rate for Ara h 9 and a fivefold higher detection rate for Cor a 8 and Jug r 3 compared to ALEX2. The regression model showed no interchangeability of tIgE results. CONCLUSIONS Despite our small sample size and the complexity of comparing a quantitative and a semi-quantitative platform, our results suggest that patient diagnosis and management can be influenced by the platform used. Therefore, our findings must be taken into consideration when choosing a platform to use for some profiles of LTP-polysensitized patients, even though more data is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Maria Cabrera
- Allergy and Immunology SectionCiudad Real University General HospitalCiudad RealSpain
- Faculty of Medicine of Ciudad RealUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
| | - Moisés Labrador Horrillo
- Allergy SectionVall d'Hebron University HospitalBarcelonaSpain
- Autonomous University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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18
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Özuygur Ermis SS, Norouzi A, Borres MP, Basna R, Ekerljung L, Malmhäll C, Goksör E, Wennergren G, Rådinger M, Lötvall J, Kankaanranta H, Nwaru BI. Sensitization patterns to cat molecular allergens in subjects with allergic sensitization to cat dander. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12294. [PMID: 37632243 PMCID: PMC10422092 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of molecular allergology has increasingly become common in the diagnosis and management of allergic diseases. However, there is still a lack of data on cat molecular allergens in adults. Therefore, we aimed to uncover the sensitization patterns to cat molecular allergens. METHODS Participants were recruited from the West Asthma Sweden Study, a population-based study enriched with asthma subjects aged 16-75 years. Of 1872, 361 individuals were positive for cat dander immunoglobulin E and were further analysed for cat molecular allergens (Fel d 1/2/4/7). Sensitization patterns were classified as monosensitization, polysensitization, and concomitant sensitization, and were related to demographic and clinical measurements. RESULTS Among cat-sensitized subjects, 84.2% were sensitized to secretoglobin, while 42.4% were sensitized to lipocalins. Nearly half of the subjects were monosensitized to Fel d 1. Polysensitization was observed in 20.2%, and concomitant sensitization to protein families was seen in 7.2%. Asthma prevalence, cat exposure, and rural living were associated with poly- and concomitant sensitization to protein families. Concomitant sensitization to single allergens was more common in those with asthma than in those without, while concomitant sensitization to both Fel d 1 and Fel d 4 was the most common pattern in individuals with asthma. Sensitization patterns also differed according to cat ownership and the degree of urbanization. CONCLUSION Sensitization to molecular allergens was observed in 90.9% of cat-sensitized subjects and showed variations across participants' background characteristics and the presence of asthma. Identification of sensitization patterns to cat allergens might provide better characterization of cat-allergic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saliha Selin Özuygur Ermis
- Krefting Research CentreInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | | | - Magnus P. Borres
- ImmunoDiagnosticsThermo Fisher ScientificUppsalaSweden
- Department of Maternal and Child HealthUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Rani Basna
- Krefting Research CentreInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Linda Ekerljung
- Krefting Research CentreInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Carina Malmhäll
- Krefting Research CentreInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Emma Goksör
- Department of PediatricsQueen Silvia Children's HospitalUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Göran Wennergren
- Department of PediatricsQueen Silvia Children's HospitalUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Madeleine Rådinger
- Krefting Research CentreInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Jan Lötvall
- Krefting Research CentreInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Hannu Kankaanranta
- Krefting Research CentreInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Faculty of Medicine and Life SciencesUniversity of TampereTampereFinland
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSeinäjoki Central HospitalSeinäjokiFinland
| | - Bright I. Nwaru
- Krefting Research CentreInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational MedicineInstitute of MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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19
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Moñino-Romero S, Kolkhir P, Szépfalusi Z, Schoepke N, Metz M, Asero R, Ferrer M, Gimenez-Arnau A, Grattan CEH, Jakob T, Konstantinou GN, Raap U, Staubach P, Zhang K, Bindslev-Jensen C, Daschner A, Kinaciyan T, Makris M, Marrouche N, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Sussman G, Toubi E, Maurer M, Altrichter S. In chronic spontaneous urticaria soluble FcεRI is elevated and linked to atopy and chronic inducible urticaria. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12272. [PMID: 37488737 PMCID: PMC10314276 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sherezade Moñino-Romero
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavel Kolkhir
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zsolt Szépfalusi
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Schoepke
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Metz
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Riccardo Asero
- Department of Allergology, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Ferrer
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), RETIC de Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Gimenez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Del Mar, IMIM, Universitat Autònoma y Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Thilo Jakob
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - George N Konstantinou
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 424 General Military Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ulrike Raap
- Department of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, University Clinic of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Petra Staubach
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ke Zhang
- Allerdia Inc, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carsten Bindslev-Jensen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alvaro Daschner
- Servicio de Alergia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamar Kinaciyan
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Makris
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nadine Marrouche
- Department of Dermatology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Gordon Sussman
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elias Toubi
- Faculty of Medicine, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE), Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
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20
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Garriga-Baraut T, Moncín MMSM, Tena M, Labrador-Horrillo M. INMUNOCAT study: The impact of molecular diagnosis on immunotherapy prescription in pollen polysensitized patients from Catalonia. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12246. [PMID: 37227418 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognition of specific allergens triggering immune response is key for the appropriate prescription of allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT). This study aimed at evaluating the impact of using the commercially available microarray ImmunoCAPTM ISAC 112 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) on the etiological diagnosis and SIT prescription compared to the conventional diagnostic methods in patients with allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis and/or asthma. METHODS 300 patients with respiratory allergic disease, sensitized to three or more pollen aeroallergens from different species, as assessed by a skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE assays (sIgE), were included in this multicentric, prospective observational study. SPT and a blood test were performed to all patients. Total serum IgE and sIgE (ImmunoCAPTM) for allergens found positive in the SPT and sIgE allergen components (ImmunoCAPTM ISAC 112) were measured. RESULTS According to SPT results, the most prevalent pollen sensitizers in our population were Olea europaea followed by grass, Platanus acerifolia and Parietaria judaica. The molecular diagnosis (MD) revealed Ole e 1 as the most prevalent pollen sensitizer, followed by Cup a 1, Phl p 1, Cyn d 1, Par j 2, Pla a 1, 2, and 3 and Phl p 5. Immunotherapy prescription changed, due to MD testing, in 51% of the cases, with an increase of prescription of SIT from 39% to 65%. CONCLUSION The identification of the allergen eliciting the respiratory disease is essential for a correct immunotherapy prescription. The advances in allergen characterization using methods, such as the commercial microarray ImmunoCAPTM ISAC 112, can help clinicians to improve SIT prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mercè Tena
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Boukli N, Flamand C, Chea KL, Heng L, Keo S, Sour K, In S, Chhim P, Chhor B, Kruy L, Feenstra JDM, Gandhi M, Okafor O, Ulekleiv C, Auerswald H, Horm VS, Karlsson EA. One assay to test them all: Multiplex assays for expansion of respiratory virus surveillance. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1161268. [PMID: 37168265 PMCID: PMC10165998 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1161268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular multiplex assays (MPAs) for simultaneous detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a single RT-PCR reaction reduce time and increase efficiency to identify multiple pathogens with overlapping clinical presentation but different treatments or public health implications. Clinical performance of XpertXpress® SARS-CoV-2/Flu/RSV (Cepheid, GX), TaqPath™ COVID-19, FluA/B, RSV Combo kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, TP), and PowerChek™ SARS-CoV-2/Influenza A&B/RSV Multiplex RT-PCR kit II (KogeneBiotech, PC) was compared to individual Standards of Care (SoC). Thirteen isolates of SARS-CoV-2, human seasonal influenza, and avian influenza served to assess limit of detection (LoD). Then, positive and negative residual nasopharyngeal specimens, collected under public health surveillance and pandemic response served for evaluation. Subsequently, comparison of effectiveness was assessed. The three MPAs confidently detect all lineages of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses. MPA-LoDs vary from 1 to 2 Log10 differences from SoC depending on assay and strain. Clinical evaluation resulted in overall agreement between 97 and 100%, demonstrating a high accuracy to detect all targets. Existing differences in costs, testing burden and implementation constraints influence the choice in primary or community settings. TP, PC and GX, reliably detect SARS-CoV-2, influenza and RSV simultaneously, with reduced time-to-results and simplified workflows. MPAs have the potential to enhance diagnostics, surveillance system, and epidemic response to drive policy on prevention and control of viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjis Boukli
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Claude Flamand
- Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Kim Lay Chea
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Leangyi Heng
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Seangmai Keo
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Kimhoung Sour
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sophea In
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Panha Chhim
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Bunthea Chhor
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Lomor Kruy
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | - Manoj Gandhi
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco CA, United States
| | - Obiageli Okafor
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco CA, United States
| | | | - Heidi Auerswald
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Viseth Srey Horm
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Erik A. Karlsson
- Virology Unit, National Influenza Center, WHO H5 Regional Reference Laboratory, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global Referral Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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22
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Wang G, Hallberg J, Faner R, Koefoed HJ, Kebede Merid S, Klevebro S, Björkander S, Gruzieva O, Pershagen G, van Hage M, Guerra S, Bottai M, Georgelis A, Gehring U, Bergström A, Vonk JM, Kull I, Koppelman GH, Agusti A, Melén E. Plasticity of Individual Lung Function States from Childhood to Adulthood. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:406-415. [PMID: 36409973 PMCID: PMC9940138 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202203-0444oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Recent evidence highlights the importance of optimal lung development during childhood for health throughout life. Objectives: To explore the plasticity of individual lung function states during childhood. Methods: Prebronchodilator FEV1 z-scores determined at age 8, 16, and 24 years in the Swedish population-based birth cohort BAMSE (Swedish abbreviation for Child [Barn], Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiological study) (N = 3,069) were used. An unbiased, data-driven dependent mixture model was applied to explore lung function states and individual state chains. Lung function catch-up was defined as participants moving from low or very low states to normal or high or very high states, and growth failure as moving from normal or high or very high states to low or very low states. At 24 years, we compared respiratory symptoms, small airway function (multiple-breath washout), and circulating inflammatory protein levels, by using proteomics, across states. Models were replicated in the independent Dutch population-based PIAMA (Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy) cohort. Measurements and Main Results: Five lung function states were identified in BAMSE. Lung function catch-up and growth failure were observed in 74 (14.5%) BAMSE participants with low or very low states and 36 (2.4%) participants with normal or high or very high states, respectively. The occurrence of catch-up and growth failure was replicated in PIAMA. Early-life risk factors were cumulatively associated with the very low state, as well as with catch-up (inverse association) and growth failure. The very low state as well as growth failure were associated with respiratory symptoms, airflow limitation, and small airway dysfunction at adulthood. Proteomics identified IL-6 and CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine 10) as potential biomarkers of impaired lung function development. Conclusions: Individual lung function states during childhood are plastic, including catch-up and growth failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jenny Hallberg
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset
- Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rosa Faner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)
| | | | | | - Susanna Klevebro
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset
- Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianne van Hage
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Guerra
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matteo Bottai
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonios Georgelis
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrike Gehring
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; and
| | - Anna Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Judith M. Vonk
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC) and
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inger Kull
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset
- Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerard H. Koppelman
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC) and
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alvar Agusti
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)
- Cátedra de Salud Respiratoria and
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset
- Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Motyčková L, Arregi JA, Staňo M, Průša S, Částková K, Uhlíř V. Preserving Metamagnetism in Self-Assembled FeRh Nanomagnets. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:8653-8665. [PMID: 36720004 PMCID: PMC10016751 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Preparing and exploiting phase-change materials in the nanoscale form is an ongoing challenge for advanced material research. A common lasting obstacle is preserving the desired functionality present in the bulk form. Here, we present self-assembly routes of metamagnetic FeRh nanoislands with tunable sizes and shapes. While the phase transition between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic orders is largely suppressed in nanoislands formed on oxide substrates via thermodynamic nucleation, we find that nanomagnet arrays formed through solid-state dewetting keep their metamagnetic character. This behavior is strongly dependent on the resulting crystal faceting of the nanoislands, which is characteristic of each assembly route. Comparing the calculated surface energies for each magnetic phase of the nanoislands reveals that metamagnetism can be suppressed or allowed by specific geometrical configurations of the facets. Furthermore, we find that spatial confinement leads to very pronounced supercooling and the absence of phase separation in the nanoislands. Finally, the supported nanomagnets are chemically etched away from the substrates to inspect the phase transition properties of self-standing nanoparticles. We demonstrate that solid-state dewetting is a feasible and scalable way to obtain supported and free-standing FeRh nanomagnets with preserved metamagnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Motyčková
- CEITEC
BUT, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jon Ander Arregi
- CEITEC
BUT, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Staňo
- CEITEC
BUT, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Průša
- CEITEC
BUT, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute
of Physical Engineering, Brno University
of Technology, Technická
2, 616 69Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Částková
- CEITEC
BUT, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Ceramics and Polymers, Brno University
of Technology, Technická
2, 616 69Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Uhlíř
- CEITEC
BUT, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute
of Physical Engineering, Brno University
of Technology, Technická
2, 616 69Brno, Czech Republic
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24
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Esposito Abate R, Cheetham MH, Fairley JA, Pasquale R, Sacco A, Nicola W, Deans ZC, Patton SJ, Normanno N. External quality assessment (EQA) for tumor mutational burden: results of an international IQN path feasibility pilot scheme. Virchows Arch 2023; 482:347-355. [PMID: 36355212 PMCID: PMC9931778 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor mutational burden (TMB) has recently been approved as an agnostic biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, methods for TMB testing have not yet been standardized. The International Quality Network for Pathology (IQNPath) organized a pilot external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for TMB testing. The aim of this program was the validation of the materials and the procedures for the EQA of this complex biomarker. Five formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cell lines were selected to mimic the various TMB values observed in clinical practice. The FFPE samples were tested with the FoundationOne CDx (F1CDx) assay as the reference test and three commercially available targeted sequencing panels. Following this internal validation, the five cell lines were sent to 29 laboratories selected on the basis of a previous survey. Nineteen of the 23 laboratories that submitted results (82.6%) used targeted sequencing for TMB estimation. Only two laboratories performed whole exome sequencing (WES) and two assessed TMB by clinical exome. A high variability in the reported TMB values was observed. The variability was higher for samples with the highest TMB value according to the F1CDx test. However, good reproducibility of the TMB score was shown by laboratories using the same panel. The majority of laboratories did not indicate a TMB cut-off value for clinical interpretation. In conclusion, this pilot EQA scheme suggests that it is feasible to run such an EQA program for TMB assessment. However, the results of our pilot highlight the numerous challenges for the standardization of this test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riziero Esposito Abate
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Melanie H Cheetham
- European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN), Unit 4, Enterprise House, Pencroft Way, Manchester Science Park, Manchester, M15 6SE, UK
| | - Jennifer A Fairley
- GenQA, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Raffaella Pasquale
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacco
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Wolstenholme Nicola
- European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN), Unit 4, Enterprise House, Pencroft Way, Manchester Science Park, Manchester, M15 6SE, UK
| | - Zandra C Deans
- GenQA, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Simon J Patton
- European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN), Unit 4, Enterprise House, Pencroft Way, Manchester Science Park, Manchester, M15 6SE, UK
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy.
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25
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Maki KA, Wolff B, Varuzza L, Green SJ, Barb JJ. Multi-amplicon microbiome data analysis pipelines for mixed orientation sequences using QIIME2: Assessing reference database, variable region and pre-processing bias in classification of mock bacterial community samples. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280293. [PMID: 36638095 PMCID: PMC9838852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome research relies on next-generation sequencing and on downstream data analysis workflows. Several manufacturers have introduced multi-amplicon kits for microbiome characterization, improving speciation, but present unique challenges for analysis. The goal of this methodology study was to develop two analysis pipelines specific to mixed-orientation reads from multi-hypervariable (V) region amplicons. A secondary aim was to assess agreement with expected abundance, considering database and variable region. Mock community sequence data (n = 41) generated using the Ion16S™ Metagenomics Kit and Ion Torrent Sequencing Platform were analyzed using two workflows. Amplicons from V2, V3, V4, V6-7, V8 and V9 were deconvoluted using a specialized plugin based on CutPrimers. A separate workflow using Cutadapt is also presented. Three reference databases (Ribosomal Database Project, Greengenes and Silva) were used for taxonomic assignment. Bray-Curtis, Euclidean and Jensen-Shannon distance measures were used to evaluate overall annotation consistency, and specific taxon agreement was determined by calculating the ratio of observed to expected relative abundance. Reads that mapped to regions V2-V9 varied for both CutPrimers and Cutadapt-based methods. Within the CutPrimers-based pipeline, V3 amplicons had the best agreement with the expected distribution, tested using global distance measures, while V9 amplicons had the worst agreement. Accurate taxonomic annotation varied by genus-level taxon and V region analyzed. For the first time, we present a microbiome analysis pipeline that employs a specialized plugin to allow microbiome researchers to separate multi-amplicon data from the Ion16S Metagenomics Kit into V-specific reads. We also present an additional analysis workflow, modified for Ion Torrent mixed orientation reads. Overall, the global agreement of amplicons with the expected mock community abundances differed across V regions and reference databases. Benchmarking data should be referenced when planning a microbiome study to consider these biases related to sequencing and data analysis for multi-amplicon sequencing kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Maki
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Brian Wolff
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | | | - Stefan J. Green
- Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Barb
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Gavazzi G, Drevet S, Debray M, Bosson JL, Tidadini F, Paccalin M, de Wazieres B, Celarier T, Bonnefoy M, Vitrat V. Procalcitonin to reduce exposure to antibiotics and individualise treatment in hospitalised old patients with pneumonia: a randomised study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:965. [PMID: 36517740 PMCID: PMC9748380 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treating pneumonia in old patients remains challenging for clinicians. Moreover, bacterial antimicrobial resistance is a major public health threat. OBJECTIVE The PROPAGE study evaluated the interest of a strategy using serial measurements of procalcitonin (PCT) to reduce the duration of antibiotic therapy in old patients with pneumonia. METHODS PROPAGE took place from Dec.-2013 to Jun.-2016 in eight French geriatric units. It was a prospective, comparative, randomised, open-label study involving old patients (≥ 80 years) who had initiated antibiotic treatment for pneumonia in the previous 48 h. PCT was monitored in all patients and two decision-making PCT-based algorithms guided antibiotic therapy in patients from the PCT group. RESULTS 107 patients were randomised (PCT, n = 50; Control, n = 57). Antibiotic therapy exposure was reduced in the PCT group as compared to the Control group (median duration of antibiotic therapy, 8 vs. 10 days [rank-test, p = 0.001]; antibiotic persistence rates on Days 6 and 8, 54% and 44% vs. 91% and 72%) and no significant difference was found in recovery rate (84% vs. 89.5%; Pearson Chi² test, p = 0.402). CONCLUSION Although, the superiority of the strategy was not tested using a composite criterion combining antibiotic therapy duration and recovery rate was not tested due to the small sample size, the present study showed that monitoring associated with PCT-guided algorithm could help shorten antibiotic treatment duration in the very old patients without detrimental effects. Measuring PCT levels between Day 4 and Day 6 could be helpful when making the decision regarding antibiotic discontinuation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02173613. This study was first registered on 25/06/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Gavazzi
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, B - Hôpital Nord, Av. des Maquis du Grésivaudan Service Universitaire de Gériatrie Clinique, La Tronche, 38700, Grenoble, France.
- T -Raig, TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525 Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
- Gérontopole AURA, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Sabine Drevet
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, B - Hôpital Nord, Av. des Maquis du Grésivaudan Service Universitaire de Gériatrie Clinique, La Tronche, 38700, Grenoble, France
- T -Raig, TIMC-IMAG, UMR 5525 Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthieu Debray
- Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, Pringy Metz-Tessy, France
| | - Jean Luc Bosson
- MESP TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, Université Grenoble Alpes/CNRS, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France
- Pôle de Santé Publique, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Fatah Tidadini
- Département de chirurgie générale et digestive, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marc Paccalin
- Pôle de Gériatrie, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Thomas Celarier
- Chaire Santé des Ainés-Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
- Service de Gérontologie Clinique, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marc Bonnefoy
- Service de médecine gériatrique, CHU Lyon, Groupement hospitalier Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
- , Inserm 1060-CarMeN, Oullins, France
| | - Virginie Vitrat
- Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, Pringy Metz-Tessy, France
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27
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Dolan KA, Dutta M, Kern DM, Kotecha A, Voth GA, Brohawn SG. Structure of SARS-CoV-2 M protein in lipid nanodiscs. eLife 2022; 11:e81702. [PMID: 36264056 PMCID: PMC9642992 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 encodes four structural proteins incorporated into virions, spike (S), envelope (E), nucleocapsid (N), and membrane (M). M plays an essential role in viral assembly by organizing other structural proteins through physical interactions and directing them to sites of viral budding. As the most abundant protein in the viral envelope and a target of patient antibodies, M is a compelling target for vaccines and therapeutics. Still, the structure of M and molecular basis for its role in virion formation are unknown. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 M in lipid nanodiscs to 3.5 Å resolution. M forms a 50 kDa homodimer that is structurally related to the SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a viroporin, suggesting a shared ancestral origin. Structural comparisons reveal how intersubunit gaps create a small, enclosed pocket in M and large open cavity in ORF3a, consistent with a structural role and ion channel activity, respectively. M displays a strikingly electropositive cytosolic surface that may be important for interactions with N, S, and viral RNA. Molecular dynamics simulations show a high degree of structural rigidity in a simple lipid bilayer and support a role for M homodimers in scaffolding viral assembly. Together, these results provide insight into roles for M in coronavirus assembly and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Dolan
- Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Mandira Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - David M Kern
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Abhay Kotecha
- Materials and Structural Analysis Division, Thermo Fisher ScientificEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Gregory A Voth
- Department of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Stephen G Brohawn
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
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28
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Kafkia E, Andres-Pons A, Ganter K, Seiler M, Smith TS, Andrejeva A, Jouhten P, Pereira F, Franco C, Kuroshchenkova A, Leone S, Sawarkar R, Boston R, Thaventhiran J, Zaugg JB, Lilley KS, Lancrin C, Beck M, Patil KR. Operation of a TCA cycle subnetwork in the mammalian nucleus. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabq5206. [PMID: 36044572 PMCID: PMC9432838 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq5206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid and histone modifications critically depend on the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle for substrates and cofactors. Although a few TCA cycle enzymes have been reported in the nucleus, the corresponding pathways are considered to operate in mitochondria. Here, we show that a part of the TCA cycle is operational also in the nucleus. Using 13C-tracer analysis, we identified activity of glutamine-to-fumarate, citrate-to-succinate, and glutamine-to-aspartate routes in the nuclei of HeLa cells. Proximity labeling mass spectrometry revealed a spatial vicinity of the involved enzymes with core nuclear proteins. We further show nuclear localization of aconitase 2 and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase in mouse embryonic stem cells. Nuclear localization of the latter enzyme, which produces succinyl-CoA, changed from pluripotency to a differentiated state with accompanying changes in the nuclear protein succinylation. Together, our results demonstrate operation of an extended metabolic pathway in the nucleus, warranting a revision of the canonical view on metabolic compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Kafkia
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- The Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amparo Andres-Pons
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Ganter
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Rome, Italy
| | - Markus Seiler
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tom S. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Andrejeva
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paula Jouhten
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- VTT Technical Research Center of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Filipa Pereira
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Catarina Franco
- The Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Kuroshchenkova
- The Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sergio Leone
- The Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ritwick Sawarkar
- The Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rebecca Boston
- The Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Thaventhiran
- The Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Judith B. Zaugg
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Martin Beck
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kiran Raosaheb Patil
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- The Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Atallah NJ, Panossian VS, Atallah CJ, Schwabe A, Johannes S, Wiemer J, Mansour MK. Mid-regional Proadrenomedullin Biomarker Predicts Coronavirus Disease 2019 Clinical Outcomes: A US-Based Cohort Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac423. [PMID: 36072696 PMCID: PMC9439577 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) is a biomarker released following endothelial damage. Studies have shown a correlation in predicting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes with MR-proADM levels. Our study aimed to investigate baseline MR-proADM as a predictor of a wider range of clinical outcomes of varying severity in patients admitted with COVID-19, and to compare to other biomarkers. Methods Data from the Boston Area COVID-19 Consortium (BACC) Bay Tocilizumab Trial was used in this study. Patients with biomarker determinations, and not admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) on admission, were included. MR-proADM cutoff of 0.87 nmol/L was assessed in predicting clinical outcomes. Results Of 182 patients, 11.0% were mechanically ventilated or dead within 28 days. Of patients with MR-proADM >0.87 nmol/L, 21.1% were mechanically ventilated or dead within 28 days, compared with 4.5% of those with MR-proADM ≤0.87 nmol/L (P < .001). The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of MR-proADM cutoff of 0.87 nmol/L in predicting mechanical ventilation or death were 75%, 65%, 95%, and 21%, respectively, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.76. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, MR-proADM >0.87 nmol/L was independently associated with mechanical ventilation or death, ICU admission, prolonged hospitalization beyond day 4, and day 4 COVID-19 ordinal scale equal to or worse than day 1. Conclusions MR-proADM functions as a valuable biomarker for the early risk stratification and detection of severe disease progression of patients with COVID-19. In the prediction of death, MR-proADM performed better compared to many other commonly used biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Atallah
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vahe S Panossian
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Andrej Schwabe
- B·R·A·H·M·S GmbH, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | - Sascha Johannes
- B·R·A·H·M·S GmbH, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | - Jan Wiemer
- B·R·A·H·M·S GmbH, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | - Michael K Mansour
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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30
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López Ortega JM, Martínez PS, Acevedo-León D, Capell NE. Anti-TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb): Comparison of two third generation automated immunoassays broadly used in clinical laboratories and results interpretation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270890. [PMID: 35877662 PMCID: PMC9312426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Graves’ disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in iodine-replete populations. It is an autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies to the TSHR (TRAb). Although the diagnostic is mainly clinical, measuring TRAb improves accuracy and provides valuable prognostic information. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of two of the most widely used immunoassays i.e., EliA™ anti-TSH-R and Elecsys® anti-TSH-R. We have carried out a comparative study measuring TRAb by the two immunoassays in consecutive sera samples referred to the laboratory for TRAb measurement. Autoantibodies were measured in all samples in parallel by the two techniques. The two techniques were highly concordant as demonstrated by a Cohen’s kappa of 0.82. At the manufacturer recommended cut-off, sensitivity of Elecsys® TRAb test was higher (100% vs. 96.6%), while specificity of the EliA™ TRAb test was higher (99.4% vs. 95.3%). In most patients TRAb are detected by any of two tests which are both well suited for Clinical Laboratories use. However, a higher specificity may constitute an advantage for measurement used not for screening but for diagnostic purposes, as anti-TSH-R is.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María López Ortega
- Autoimmunity and Allergy Division, Clinical Laboratories, Dr. Peset University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Pilar Salvador Martínez
- Autoimmunity and Allergy Division, Clinical Laboratories, Dr. Peset University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Delia Acevedo-León
- Hormones and Immunology Division, Clinical Laboratories, Dr. Peset University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Núria Estañ Capell
- Hormones and Immunology Division, Clinical Laboratories, Dr. Peset University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Pons ML, Millet MA, Nowell GN, Misra S, Williams HM. Correction: Precise measurement of selenium isotopes by HG-MC-ICPMS using a 76-78 double-spike. J Anal At Spectrom 2022; 37:1587-1588. [PMID: 35876767 PMCID: PMC9258027 DOI: 10.1039/d2ja90030k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C9JA00331B.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Pons
- The University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences Downing St Cambridge CB2 3EQ UK
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE 13545 Aix en Provence France
| | - Marc-Alban Millet
- Cardiff University, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Main Building, Park Pl Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Geoff N Nowell
- Durham University, Department of Earth Sciences Elvet Hill Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Sambuddha Misra
- The University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences Downing St Cambridge CB2 3EQ UK
- Indian Institute of Science, Centre for Earth Sciences Bengaluru India
| | - Helen M Williams
- The University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences Downing St Cambridge CB2 3EQ UK
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Van Hoovels L, Studholme L, Vander Cruyssen B, Sieghart D, Bonroy C, Nagy E, Pullerits R, Čučnik S, Dahle C, Heijnen I, Bernasconi L, Benkhadra F, Bogaert L, Van Den Bremt S, Van Liedekerke A, Vanheule G, Robbrecht J, Wirth C, Müller R, Kyburz D, Sjöwall C, Kastbom A, Ješe R, Jovancevic B, Kiss E, Jacques P, Aletaha D, Steiner G, Verschueren P, Bossuyt X. Standardisation of ACPA tests: evaluation of a new candidate reference preparation. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:annrheumdis-2021-221849. [PMID: 35697487 PMCID: PMC9484372 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Commercial assays measuring antibodies to citrullinated protein/peptide (ACPA) show poor quantitative agreement. The diagnostic industry has never adopted the International Union of Immunological Societies-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (IUIS-CDC) ACPA reference standard. Recently, the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC) prepared a new candidate ACPA standard (18/204). We evaluated both reference materials using different commercially available ACPA assays. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is an international study in which the NIBSC candidate ACPA standard and the IUIS-CDC ACPA reference material were analysed together with 398 diagnostic samples from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in 1073 individuals who did not have RA using nine commercial ACPA assays. RESULTS For both reference materials and samples from individuals with RA and individuals who did not have RA, there were large differences in quantitative ACPA results between assays. For most assays, values for the IUIS-CDC standard were lower than values for NIBSC 18/204 and the IUIS-CDC/NIBSC ratio was comparable for several, but not all assays. When NIBSC 18/204 was used as a calibrator, an improvement in alignment of ACPA results across several of the evaluated assays was obtained. Moreover, NIBSC 18/204 could align clinical interpretation for some but not all assays. CONCLUSION Adoption of an international standard for ACPA determination is highly desirable. The candidate NIBSC 18/204 standard improved the standardisation and alignment of most ACPA assays and might therefore be recommended to be used as reference in commercial assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieve Van Hoovels
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Onze-Lieve-Vrouwziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Lucy Studholme
- NIBSC, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, UK
| | | | - Daniela Sieghart
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carolien Bonroy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eszter Nagy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute of Locomotor Diseases and Disabilities, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rille Pullerits
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sasa Čučnik
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Charlotte Dahle
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Heijnen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luca Bernasconi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Farid Benkhadra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Laura Bogaert
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Onze-Lieve-Vrouwziekenhuis Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | | | - Ann Van Liedekerke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Elisabeth Ziekenhuis Zottegem vzw, Zottegem, Belgium
| | - Geert Vanheule
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Rivierenland, Bornem, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Johan Robbrecht
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Lucas Bruges, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Claudine Wirth
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | | | - Diego Kyburz
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alf Kastbom
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rok Ješe
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boja Jovancevic
- Department of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emese Kiss
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology, National Institute of Locomotor Diseases and Disabilities, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peggy Jacques
- Department of Rheumatology and VIB Inflammation Research Center, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel Aletaha
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günter Steiner
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Verschueren
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration KU Leuven, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xavier Bossuyt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Ilié M, Hofman V, Bontoux C, Heeke S, Lespinet-Fabre V, Bordone O, Lassalle S, Lalvée S, Tanga V, Allegra M, Salah M, Bohly D, Benzaquen J, Marquette CH, Long-Mira E, Hofman P. Setting Up an Ultra-Fast Next-Generation Sequencing Approach as Reflex Testing at Diagnosis of Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; Experience of a Single Center (LPCE, Nice, France). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2258. [PMID: 35565387 PMCID: PMC9104603 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of genomic alterations required for targeted therapy of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) patients has increased and become more complex these last few years. These molecular abnormalities lead to treatment that provides improvement in overall survival for certain patients. However, these treated tumors inexorably develop mechanisms of resistance, some of which can be targeted with new therapies. The characterization of the genomic alterations needs to be performed in a short turnaround time (TAT), as indicated by the international guidelines. The origin of the tissue biopsies used for the analyses is diverse, but their size is progressively decreasing due to the development of less invasive methods. In this respect, the pathologists are facing a number of different challenges requiring them to set up efficient molecular technologies while maintaining a strategy that allows rapid diagnosis. We report here our experience concerning the development of an optimal workflow for genomic alteration assessment as reflex testing in routine clinical practice at diagnosis for NS-NSCLC patients by using an ultra-fast-next generation sequencing approach (Ion Torrent Genexus Sequencer, Thermo Fisher Scientific). We show that the molecular targets currently available to personalized medicine in thoracic oncology can be identified using this system in an appropriate TAT, notably when only a small amount of nucleic acids is available. We discuss the new challenges and the perspectives of using such an ultra-fast NGS in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Ilié
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
- FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (J.B.); (C.-H.M.)
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR 7413, IRCAN, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Véronique Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
- FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (J.B.); (C.-H.M.)
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR 7413, IRCAN, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Christophe Bontoux
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
- FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (J.B.); (C.-H.M.)
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR 7413, IRCAN, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Simon Heeke
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Virginie Lespinet-Fabre
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
| | - Olivier Bordone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Sandra Lassalle
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
- FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (J.B.); (C.-H.M.)
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR 7413, IRCAN, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Salomé Lalvée
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
| | - Virginie Tanga
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Maryline Allegra
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Myriam Salah
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Doriane Bohly
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Jonathan Benzaquen
- FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (J.B.); (C.-H.M.)
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR 7413, IRCAN, 06100 Nice, France
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Charles-Hugo Marquette
- FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (J.B.); (C.-H.M.)
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR 7413, IRCAN, 06100 Nice, France
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Elodie Long-Mira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
- FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (J.B.); (C.-H.M.)
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR 7413, IRCAN, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Paul Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (M.I.); (V.H.); (C.B.); (V.L.-F.); (O.B.); (S.L.); (S.L.); (E.L.-M.)
- Biobank-related Hospital (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, 06000 Nice, France; (V.T.); (M.A.); (M.S.); (D.B.)
- FHU OncoAge, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France; (J.B.); (C.-H.M.)
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR 7413, IRCAN, 06100 Nice, France
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Ndhlovu GON, Dube FS, Moonsamy RT, Mankahla A, Hlela C, Levin ME, Lunjani N, Shittu AO, Abdulgader SM. Skin and nasal colonization of coagulase-negative staphylococci are associated with atopic dermatitis among South African toddlers. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265326. [PMID: 35298533 PMCID: PMC8929619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Skin colonization with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) is generally beneficial, but recent investigations suggest its association with flares and atopic dermatitis (AD) severity. However, this relationship remains unclear.
Objective
To assess patterns of staphylococcal colonization and biofilm formation in toddlers with and without AD from rural and urban South African settings.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of AD-affected and non-atopic AmaXhosa toddlers from rural Umtata and urban Cape Town, South Africa. CoNS isolates were recovered from lesional, nonlesional skin samples and the anterior nares of participants. Identification of the staphylococci was achieved by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The microtiter plate assay assessed in-vitro biofilm formation.
Results
CoNS and S. aureus commonly co-colonized nonlesional skin among cases (urban: 24% vs. 3%, p = 0.037 and rural 21% vs. 6%, p<0.001), and anterior nares in urban cases (24% vs. 0%, p = 0.002) than the control group. S. capitis colonization on nonlesional skin and anterior nares was positively associated with more severe disease in rural (48.3±10.8 vs. 39.7±11.5, P = 0.045) and urban cases (74.9±10.3 vs. 38.4±13, P = 0.004), respectively. Biofilm formation was similar between cases and controls, independent of rural-urban living.
Conclusion
CoNS colonization is associated with AD and disease severity and may be implicated in AD exacerbations. Studies are needed to understand their underlying pathological contribution in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian O. N. Ndhlovu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- * E-mail:
| | - Felix S. Dube
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rasalika T. Moonsamy
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Avumile Mankahla
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Division of Dermatology, Walter Sisulu University, Umtata, South Africa
| | - Carol Hlela
- Department of Paediatric, Division of Paediatric Allergy, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michael E. Levin
- Department of Paediatric, Division of Paediatric Allergy, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla Lunjani
- Department of Paediatric, Division of Paediatric Allergy, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adebayo O. Shittu
- Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Shima M. Abdulgader
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Atallah NJ, Warren HM, Roberts MB, Elshaboury RH, Bidell MR, Gandhi RG, Adamsick M, Ibrahim MK, Sood R, Bou Zein Eddine S, Cobler-Lichter MJ, Alexander NJ, Timmer KD, Atallah CJ, Viens AL, Panossian VS, Scherer AK, Proctor T, Smartt S, Letourneau AR, Paras ML, Johannes S, Wiemer J, Mansour MK. Baseline procalcitonin as a predictor of bacterial infection and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: A case-control study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262342. [PMID: 35025929 PMCID: PMC8758006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms including acute respiratory failure. Biomarkers that can predict outcomes in patients with COVID-19 can assist with patient management. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether procalcitonin (PCT) can predict clinical outcome and bacterial superinfection in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). METHODS Adult patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 by nasopharyngeal PCR who were admitted to a tertiary care center in Boston, MA with SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 17 and April 30, 2020 with a baseline PCT value were studied. Patients who were presumed positive for SARS-CoV-2, who lacked PCT levels, or who had a positive urinalysis with negative cultures were excluded. Demographics, clinical and laboratory data were extracted from the electronic medical records. RESULTS 324 patient charts were reviewed and grouped by clinical and microbiologic outcomes by day 28. Baseline PCT levels were significantly higher for patients who were treated for true bacteremia (p = 0.0005) and bacterial pneumonia (p = 0.00077) compared with the non-bacterial infection group. Baseline PCT positively correlated with the NIAID ordinal scale and survival over time. When compared to other inflammatory biomarkers, PCT showed superiority in predicting bacteremia. CONCLUSIONS Baseline PCT levels are associated with outcome and bacterial superinfection in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J. Atallah
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MM); (NA)
| | - Hailey M. Warren
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Roberts
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ramy H. Elshaboury
- Department of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Monique R. Bidell
- Department of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ronak G. Gandhi
- Department of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Meagan Adamsick
- Department of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Maryam K. Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Rupali Sood
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Savo Bou Zein Eddine
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Natalie J. Alexander
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kyle D. Timmer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Adam L. Viens
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Vahe S. Panossian
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Allison K. Scherer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Teddie Proctor
- Fisher Diagnostics, Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Middletown, VA, United States of America
| | - Sherrie Smartt
- Fisher Diagnostics, Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Middletown, VA, United States of America
| | - Alyssa R. Letourneau
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Molly L. Paras
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Sascha Johannes
- B·R·A·H·M·S GmbH, Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | - Jan Wiemer
- B·R·A·H·M·S GmbH, Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | - Michael K. Mansour
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MM); (NA)
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Malinowska JM, Palosaari T, Sund J, Carpi D, Bouhifd M, Weber RJM, Whelan M, Viant MR. Integrating in vitro metabolomics with a 96-well high-throughput screening platform. Metabolomics 2022; 18:11. [PMID: 35000038 PMCID: PMC8743266 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-throughput screening (HTS) is emerging as an approach to support decision-making in chemical safety assessments. In parallel, in vitro metabolomics is a promising approach that can help accelerate the transition from animal models to high-throughput cell-based models in toxicity testing. OBJECTIVE In this study we establish and evaluate a high-throughput metabolomics workflow that is compatible with a 96-well HTS platform employing 50,000 hepatocytes of HepaRG per well. METHODS Low biomass cell samples were extracted for metabolomics analyses using a newly established semi-automated protocol, and the intracellular metabolites were analysed using a high-resolution spectral-stitching nanoelectrospray direct infusion mass spectrometry (nESI-DIMS) method that was modified for low sample biomass. RESULTS The method was assessed with respect to sensitivity and repeatability of the entire workflow from cell culturing and sampling to measurement of the metabolic phenotype, demonstrating sufficient sensitivity (> 3000 features in hepatocyte extracts) and intra- and inter-plate repeatability for polar nESI-DIMS assays (median relative standard deviation < 30%). The assays were employed for a proof-of-principle toxicological study with a model toxicant, cadmium chloride, revealing changes in the metabolome across five sampling times in the 48-h exposure period. To allow the option for lipidomics analyses, the solvent system was extended by establishing separate extraction methods for polar metabolites and lipids. CONCLUSIONS Experimental, analytical and informatics workflows reported here met pre-defined criteria in terms of sensitivity, repeatability and ability to detect metabolome changes induced by a toxicant and are ready for application in metabolomics-driven toxicity testing to complement HTS assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Malinowska
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Taina Palosaari
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027, Ispra, Italy
| | - Jukka Sund
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027, Ispra, Italy
| | - Donatella Carpi
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027, Ispra, Italy
| | - Mounir Bouhifd
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027, Ispra, Italy
- European Chemicals Agency, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ralf J M Weber
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maurice Whelan
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027, Ispra, Italy
| | - Mark R Viant
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Mizrahi-Man O, Woehrmann MH, Webster TA, Gollub J, Bivol A, Keeble SM, Aull KH, Mittal A, Roter AH, Wong BA, Schmidt JP. Novel genotyping algorithms for rare variants significantly improve the accuracy of Applied Biosystems™ Axiom™ array genotyping calls: Retrospective evaluation of UK Biobank array data. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277680. [PMID: 36395175 PMCID: PMC9671364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The UK Biobank genotyped about 500k participants using Applied Biosystems Axiom microarrays. Participants were subsequently sequenced by the UK Biobank Exome Sequencing Consortium. Axiom genotyping was highly accurate in comparison to sequencing results, for almost 100,000 variants both directly genotyped on the UK Biobank Axiom array and via whole exome sequencing. However, in a study using the exome sequencing results of the first 50k individuals as reference (truth), it was observed that the positive predictive value (PPV) decreased along with the number of heterozygous array calls per variant. We developed a novel addition to the genotyping algorithm, Rare Heterozygous Adjusted (RHA), to significantly improve PPV in variants with minor allele frequency below 0.01%. The improvement in PPV was roughly equal when comparing to the exome sequencing of 50k individuals, or to the more recent ~200k individuals. Sensitivity was higher in the 200k data. The improved calling algorithm, along with enhanced quality control of array probesets, significantly improved the positive predictive value and the sensitivity of array data, making it suitable for the detection of ultra-rare variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Mizrahi-Man
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA, United States of America
| | | | | | - Jeremy Gollub
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA, United States of America
| | - Adrian Bivol
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA, United States of America
| | - Sara M. Keeble
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Anuradha Mittal
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA, United States of America
| | - Alan H. Roter
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA, United States of America
| | - Brant A. Wong
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA, United States of America
| | - Jeanette P. Schmidt
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ekström S, Sdona E, Klevebro S, Hallberg J, Georgelis A, Kull I, Melén E, Risérus U, Bergström A. Dietary intake and plasma concentrations of PUFAs in childhood and adolescence in relation to asthma and lung function up to adulthood. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 115:886-896. [PMID: 34964829 PMCID: PMC8895221 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PUFAs may influence the risk of asthma; however, long-term prospective studies including objective biomarkers of PUFA intake are lacking. OBJECTIVES The objective was to investigate the role of dietary intake and plasma concentrations of n-3 and n-6 (ω-3 and ω-6) PUFAs in childhood and adolescence for the development of asthma and lung function up to young adulthood. METHODS The study included participants from the Swedish prospective birth cohort BAMSE. Dietary intake of PUFAs was calculated from FFQs (n = 1992) and plasma proportions of PUFAs were measured in phospholipids (n = 831). We analyzed the n-3 PUFA α-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3n-3); the sum of very-long-chain (VLC) n-3 PUFAs: EPA (20:5n-3), DHA (22:6n-3), and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3); and the n-6 PUFAs linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n-6) and arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n-6). Asthma was assessed by questionnaires at 8, 16, and 24 y and lung function was measured by spirometry at 24 y. RESULTS A high (≥median) self-reported dietary intake of LA at 8 y and AA at 16 y was associated with increased risk of prevalent asthma at 24 y (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.82 and OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.70, respectively). In contrast, plasma proportions of ALA, ∑VLC n-3 PUFAs, and AA at 8 y, as well as LA at 16 y, were inversely associated with prevalent asthma at 24 y (e.g., OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.81 for ∑VLC n-3 PUFAs). No consistent associations were observed with lung function. CONCLUSIONS High dietary intake of certain n-6 PUFAs in childhood or adolescence may be associated with increased risk of asthma up to young adulthood, whereas dietary biomarkers of certain n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in plasma may be associated with decreased risk. Thus, the role of diet compared with altered metabolism of PUFAs needs further investigation to improve dietary preventive strategies for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emmanouela Sdona
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanna Klevebro
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonios Georgelis
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Kull
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Bergström
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Horve PF, Dietz L, Northcutt D, Stenson J, Van Den Wymelenberg K. Evaluation of a bioaerosol sampler for indoor environmental surveillance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257689. [PMID: 34780482 PMCID: PMC8592464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has ubiquitously impacted many aspects of life. As vaccines continue to be manufactured and administered, limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 will rely more heavily on the early identification of contagious individuals occupying reopened and increasingly populated indoor environments. In this study, we investigated the utility of an impaction-based bioaerosol sampling system with multiple nucleic acid collection media. Heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 was utilized to perform bench-scale, short-range aerosol, and room-scale aerosol experiments. Through bench-scale experiments, AerosolSense Capture Media (ACM) and nylon flocked swabs were identified as the highest utility media. In room-scale aerosol experiments, consistent detection of aerosol SARS-CoV-2 was achieved at an estimated aerosol concentration equal to or greater than 0.089 genome copies per liter of room air (gc/L) when air was sampled for eight hours or more at less than one air change per hour (ACH). Shorter sampling periods (75 minutes) yielded consistent detection at ~31.8 gc/L of room air and intermittent detection down to ~0.318 gc/L at (at both 1 and 6 ACH). These results support further exploration in real-world testing scenarios and suggest the utility of indoor aerosol surveillance as an effective risk mitigation strategy in occupied buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Finn Horve
- Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Leslie Dietz
- Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Dale Northcutt
- Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
- Energy Studies in Buildings Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Jason Stenson
- Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
- Energy Studies in Buildings Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg
- Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
- Energy Studies in Buildings Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
- Institute for Health and the Built Environment, University of Oregon, Portland, OR, United States of America
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Ahmed A, Myers P, Zhang H. Silica Microspheres-in-Pores Composite Monoliths with Fluorescence and Potential for Water Remediation. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2681. [PMID: 34685124 PMCID: PMC8537733 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Water pollution is a severe worldwide issue. Constructing advanced porous composite materials has been an efficient route to water remediation via adsorption. In this study, a unique microspheres-in-pores monolithic structure was fabricated. An emulsion-templated polymer monolith was first prepared and silica microspheres were subsequently formed in the porous polymer. A silica precursor was modified with a fluorescent dye and co-condensed with other precursors to fabricate porous composites with fluorescent properties, which were enhanced by the presence of Ag nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. This unique material showed good promise in water remediation by removing organic dyes and heavy metal ions from wastewater via a flowing filter or monolithic column separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adham Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK; (A.A.); (P.M.)
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Runcorn WA7 1TA, UK
| | - Peter Myers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK; (A.A.); (P.M.)
| | - Haifei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK; (A.A.); (P.M.)
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Neil JR, Verma A, Kronewitter SR, McGee WM, Mullen C, Viirtola M, Kotovuori A, Friedrich H, Finell J, Rannisto J, Syka JEP, Stephenson JL. Rapid MRSA detection via tandem mass spectrometry of the intact 80 kDa PBP2a resistance protein. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18309. [PMID: 34526615 PMCID: PMC8443585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97844-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of antibiotic-resistant infections is dependent on the detection of specific bacterial genes or proteins in clinical assays. Identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is often accomplished through the detection of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a). With greater dependence on mass spectrometry (MS)-based bacterial identification, complementary efforts to detect resistance have been hindered by the complexity of those proteins responsible. Initial characterization of PBP2a indicates the presence of glycan modifications. To simplify detection, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept tandem MS approach involving the generation of N-terminal PBP2a peptide-like fragments and detection of unique product ions during top-down proteomic sample analyses. This approach was implemented for two PBP2a variants, PBP2amecA and PBP2amecC, and was accurate across a representative panel of MRSA strains with different genetic backgrounds. Additionally, PBP2amecA was successfully detected from clinical isolates using a five-minute liquid chromatographic separation and implementation of this MS detection strategy. Our results highlight the capability of direct MS-based resistance marker detection and potential advantages for implementing these approaches in clinical diagnostics.
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Roca M, Donat E, Rodriguez Varela A, Carvajal E, Cano F, Armisen A, Ekoff H, Cañada-Martínez AJ, Rydell N, Ribes-Koninckx C. Fecal Calprotectin and Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin in Children with Non-IgE-Mediated Cow's Milk Protein Allergy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1595. [PMID: 33918903 PMCID: PMC8069369 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim is to assess the efficacy of fecal calprotectin (fCP) and fecal eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (fEDN) as diagnostic markers of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and for monitoring the infants' response to a non-IgE mediated cow's milk protein (CMP)-free diet. We prospectively recruited infants aged 0 to 9 months. Stool samples were taken from 30 infants with CMPA, 19 with mild functional gastrointestinal disorders, 28 healthy infants, and 28 children who presented mild infections. Despite the fact that levels of fCP and fEDN in CMPA infants were higher than in healthy infants at month 0, differences for both parameters did not reach statistical significance (p-value 0.119 and 0.506). After 1 month of an elimination diet, no statistically significant differences in fCP with basal levels were found (p-values 0.184) in the CMPA group. We found a high variability in the fCP and fEDN levels of young infants, and discrepancies in individual behavior of these markers after a CMP-free diet was started. It seems that neither fCP nor fEDN levels are helpful to discriminate between healthy infants and those with signs or symptoms related to non-IgE-mediated CMPA. Additionally, it is debatable if on an individual basis, fCP or fEDN levels could be used for clinical follow-up and dietary compliance monitoring. However, prospective studies with larger populations are needed to draw robust conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Roca
- Celiac Disease and Digestive Immunopathology Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.D.); (C.R.-K.)
| | - Ester Donat
- Celiac Disease and Digestive Immunopathology Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.D.); (C.R.-K.)
- Pediatric Gastrohepatology Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Rodriguez Varela
- Pediatrics, Primary Health Care Center of Betera, 46117 Valencia, Spain; (A.R.V.); (F.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Eva Carvajal
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Casa de Salud, 46021 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Francisco Cano
- Pediatrics, Primary Health Care Center of Betera, 46117 Valencia, Spain; (A.R.V.); (F.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Ana Armisen
- Pediatrics, Primary Health Care Center of Betera, 46117 Valencia, Spain; (A.R.V.); (F.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Helena Ekoff
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 754 50 Uppsala, Sweden; (H.E.); (N.R.)
| | | | - Niclas Rydell
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 754 50 Uppsala, Sweden; (H.E.); (N.R.)
| | - Carmen Ribes-Koninckx
- Celiac Disease and Digestive Immunopathology Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (E.D.); (C.R.-K.)
- Pediatric Gastrohepatology Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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Waldsperger H, Biener M, Stoyanov KM, Vafaie M, Katus HA, Giannitsis E, Mueller-Hennessen M. Prognostic Value of Elevated Copeptin and High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T in Patients with and without Acute Coronary Syndrome: The ConTrACS Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3627. [PMID: 33187192 PMCID: PMC7696893 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to assess the prognostic role of copeptin in patients presenting to the emergency department with acute symptoms and increased high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T. METHODS A total of 3890 patients presenting with acute symptoms to the emergency department of Heidelberg University Hospital were assessed for increased hs-cTnT (>14 ng/L) from three cohorts: the Heidelberg Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Registry (n = 2477), the BIOPS Registry (n = 320), and the ACS OMICS Registry (n = 1093). In a pooled analysis, 1956 patients remained, comprising of 1600 patients with ACS and 356 patients with non-ACS. RESULTS Median follow-up was 1468 days in the ACS cohort and 709 days in the non-ACS cohort. Elevated copeptin levels (>10 pmol/L) were found in 1174 patients (60.0%) in the entire cohort (58.1% in ACS and 68.5% in non-ACS, respectively) and mortality rates were significantly higher than in patients with normal copeptin levels (29.0% vs. 10.7%, p < 0.001). In a multivariate Cox regression, elevated copeptin was independently associated with all-cause death in the ACS (HR = 1.7, 1.3-2.3, p = 0.002) and non-ACS cohort (HR = 2.7, 1.4-5.0, p = 0.0018). CONCLUSION Copeptin may aid in identifying patients at risk for adverse outcomes in patients with increased levels of hs-cTnT in ACS patients and in non-ACS conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Waldsperger
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.W.); (M.B.); (K.M.S.); (M.V.); (H.A.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Moritz Biener
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.W.); (M.B.); (K.M.S.); (M.V.); (H.A.K.); (E.G.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kiril M. Stoyanov
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.W.); (M.B.); (K.M.S.); (M.V.); (H.A.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Mehrshad Vafaie
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.W.); (M.B.); (K.M.S.); (M.V.); (H.A.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Hugo A. Katus
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.W.); (M.B.); (K.M.S.); (M.V.); (H.A.K.); (E.G.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Evangelos Giannitsis
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.W.); (M.B.); (K.M.S.); (M.V.); (H.A.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Matthias Mueller-Hennessen
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.W.); (M.B.); (K.M.S.); (M.V.); (H.A.K.); (E.G.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Arfsten H, Cho A, Freitag C, Raderer M, Goliasch G, Bartko PE, Wurm R, Strunk G, Gisslinger H, Marosi C, Kornek G, Zielinski C, Hülsmann M, Pavo N. GDF-15 in solid vs non-solid treatment-naïve malignancies. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13168. [PMID: 31463975 PMCID: PMC6899906 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM GDF-15 is an established cardiovascular risk marker but is equally implicated in tumour biology. Elevated levels of GDF-15 have indeed been observed in distinct tumour entities. This study aimed to explore the relation of GDF-15 to other cardiac biomarkers and the general association of GDF-15 on prognosis in an unselected cohort of treatment-naïve cancer patients. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 555 consecutive patients at time of diagnosis of malignant disease prior receiving anticancer therapy. Plasma GDF-15 concentrations were determined alongside other cardiac and routine laboratory markers. All-cause mortality was defined as primary endpoint. RESULTS GDF-15 levels were 338 ng/L (IQR:205-534) for the total cohort, and values were comparable for different tumour entities except breast cancer. Metastatic disease was characterized by higher plasma GDF-15 [435 ng/L (IQR:279-614) vs 266 ng/L (IQR:175-427), P < .001]. GDF-15 correlated positively with inflammatory status reflected by CRP, SAA and IL-6 [r = .31, P < .001, r = .23, P < .001 and r = .14, P = .002] and cardiac biomarkers as NT-proBNP, hsTnT, MR-proADM and CT-proET-1 [r = .46; r = .46; r = .59 and r = .50; P < .001 for all]. GDF-15 was significantly associated with all-cause mortality after multivariate adjustment [adj.HR for ln(GDF-15) 1.78, 95%CI:1.47-2.16, P < .001]. There was a significant interaction between solid and haematological malignancies with loss of association of GDF-15 with outcome in myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative disease. CONCLUSIONS Elevated plasma GDF-15 is associated with progressing disease severity and poor prognosis in solid tumours of treatment-naïve cancer patients. GDF-15 increase is accompanied by worsening systemic inflammation and a subclinical functional impairment of different organs including the heart. GDF-15 represents a promising target for our pathophysiologic understanding in cardio-oncology linking conditions of both cardiac and neoplastic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Arfsten
- Department of Internal Medicine IIDivision of CardiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Anna Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine IIDivision of CardiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Claudia Freitag
- Department of Internal Medicine IIDivision of CardiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Markus Raderer
- Department of Internal Medicine IDivision of Oncology and HematologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine IIDivision of CardiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Philipp E. Bartko
- Department of Internal Medicine IIDivision of CardiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Raphael Wurm
- Department of Internal Medicine IIDivision of CardiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Guido Strunk
- Complexity ResearchViennaAustria
- FH Campus ViennaViennaAustria
- Technical University DortmundDortmundGermany
| | - Heinz Gisslinger
- Department of Internal Medicine IDivision of Oncology and HematologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Christine Marosi
- Department of Internal Medicine IDivision of Oncology and HematologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Gabriela Kornek
- Department of Internal Medicine IDivision of Oncology and HematologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Christoph Zielinski
- Department of Internal Medicine IDivision of Oncology and HematologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Martin Hülsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine IIDivision of CardiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Noemi Pavo
- Department of Internal Medicine IIDivision of CardiologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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45
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Grunewald M, Hellmuth C, Kirchberg FF, Mearin ML, Auricchio R, Castillejo G, Korponay-Szabo IR, Polanco I, Roca M, Vriezinga SL, Werkstetter K, Koletzko B, Demmelmair H. Variation and Interdependencies of Human Milk Macronutrients, Fatty Acids, Adiponectin, Insulin, and IGF-II in the European PreventCD Cohort. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2034. [PMID: 31480373 PMCID: PMC6770528 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk composition is variable. The identification of influencing factors and interdependencies of components may help to understand the physiology of lactation. In this study, we analyzed linear trends in human milk composition over time, the variation across different European countries and the influence of maternal celiac disease. Within a multicenter European study exploring potential prevention of celiac disease in a high-risk population (PreventCD), 569 human milk samples were donated by women from five European countries between 16 and 163 days postpartum. Some 202 mothers provided two samples at different time points. Protein, carbohydrates, fat and fatty acids, insulin, adiponectin, and insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) were analyzed. Milk protein and n-6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased during the first three months of lactation. Fatty acid composition was significantly influenced by the country of residence. IGF-II and adiponectin concentrations correlated with protein content (r = 0.24 and r = 0.35), and IGF-II also correlated with fat content (r = 0.36), suggesting a possible regulatory role of IGF in milk macronutrient synthesis. Regarding the impact of celiac disease, only the level in palmitic acid was influenced by this disease, suggesting that breastfeeding by celiac disease mothers should not be discouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grunewald
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hellmuth
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Franca F Kirchberg
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Luisa Mearin
- Department of Paediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Renata Auricchio
- Department of Medical Translational Sciences and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gemma Castillejo
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, URV, IIPV, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | | | - Isabel Polanco
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, La Paz University Hospital, 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Roca
- U. Enfermedad Celiaca e Inmunopatología Digestiva, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sabine L Vriezinga
- Department of Paediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Werkstetter
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Hans Demmelmair
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, 80337 Munich, Germany.
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46
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Slagman A, Greiner F, Searle J, Harriss L, Thompson F, Frick J, Bolanaki M, Lindner T, Möckel M. Suitability of the German version of the Manchester Triage System to redirect emergency department patients to general practitioner care: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024896. [PMID: 31064804 PMCID: PMC6527986 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the suitability of the German version of the Manchester Triage System (MTS) as a potential tool to redirect emergency department (ED) patients to general practitioner care. Such tools are currently being discussed in the context of reorganisation of emergency care in Germany. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Single centre University Hospital Emergency Department. PARTICIPANTS Adult, non-surgical ED patients. EXPOSURE A non-urgent triage category was defined as a green or blue triage category according to the German version of the MTS. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Surrogate parameters for short-term risk (admission rate, diagnoses, length of hospital stay, admission to the intensive care unit, in-hospital and 30-day mortality) and long-term risk (1-year mortality). RESULTS A total of 1122 people presenting to the ED participated in the study. Of these, 31.9% (n=358) received a non-urgent triage category and 68.1% (n=764) were urgent. Compared with non-urgent ED presentations, those with an urgent triage category were older (median age 60 vs 56 years, p=0.001), were more likely to require hospital admission (47.8% vs 29.6%) and had higher in-hospital mortality (1.6% vs 0.8%). There was no significant difference observed between non-urgent and urgent triage categories for 30-day mortality (1.2% [n=4] vs 2.2% [n=15]; p=0.285) or for 1-year mortality (7.9% [n=26] vs 10.5% [n=72]; p=0.190). Urgency was not a significant predictor of 1-year mortality in univariate (HR=1.35; 95% CI 0.87 to 2.12; p=0.185) and multivariate regression analyses (HR=1.20; 95% CI 0.77 to 1.89; p=0.420). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest the German MTS is unsuitable to safely identify patients for redirection to non-ED based GP care. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER U1111-1119-7564; Post-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Slagman
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Greiner
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Julia Searle
- Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linton Harriss
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fintan Thompson
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Johann Frick
- Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Myrto Bolanaki
- Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Lindner
- Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Möckel
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Eckart A, Hauser SI, Kutz A, Haubitz S, Hausfater P, Amin D, Amin A, Huber A, Mueller B, Schuetz P. Combination of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and inflammatory biomarkers for early risk stratification in emergency department patients: results of a multinational, observational study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024636. [PMID: 30782737 PMCID: PMC6340461 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The National Early Warning Score (NEWS) helps to estimate mortality risk in emergency department (ED) patients. This study aimed to investigate whether the prognostic value of the NEWS at ED admission could be further improved by adding inflammatory blood markers (ie, white cell count (WCC), procalcitonin (PCT) and midregional-proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM). DESIGN Secondary analysis of a multinational, observational study (TRIAGE study, March 2013-October 2014). SETTING Three tertiary care centres in France, Switzerland and the USA. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1303 adult medical patients with complete NEWS data seeking ED care were included in the final analysis. NEWS was calculated retrospectively based on admission data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was all-cause 30-day mortality. Secondary outcome was intensive care unit (ICU) admission. We used multivariate regression analyses to investigate associations of NEWS and blood markers with outcomes and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) as a measure of discrimination. RESULTS Of the 1303 included patients, 54 (4.1%) died within 30 days. The NEWS alone showed fair prognostic accuracy for all-cause 30-day mortality (AUC 0.73), with a multivariate adjusted OR of 1.26 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.40, p<0.001). The AUCs for the prediction of mortality using the inflammatory markers WCC, PCT and MR-proADM were 0.64, 0.71 and 0.78, respectively. Combining NEWS with all three blood markers or only with MR-proADM clearly improved discrimination with an AUC of 0.82 (p=0.002). Combining the three inflammatory markers with NEWS improved prediction of ICU admission (AUC 0.70vs0.65 when using NEWS alone, p=0.006). CONCLUSION NEWS is helpful in risk stratification of ED patients and can be further improved by the addition of inflammatory blood markers. Future studies should investigate whether risk stratification by NEWS in addition to biomarkers improve site-of-care decision in this patient population. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01768494; Post-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Eckart
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Isabelle Hauser
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Kutz
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Haubitz
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Hausfater
- Emergency Departement, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC-Univ Paris 06, UMRS INSERM 1166, IHUC ICAN, Paris, France
| | | | - Adina Amin
- Morton Plant Hospital, Clearwater, Florida, USA
| | - Andreas Huber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Beat Mueller
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Eckart A, Hauser SI, Haubitz S, Struja T, Kutz A, Koch D, Neeser O, Meier MA, Mueller B, Schuetz P. Validation of the hospital frailty risk score in a tertiary care hospital in Switzerland: results of a prospective, observational study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026923. [PMID: 30647051 PMCID: PMC6340447 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, the Hospital Frailty Risk Score based on a derivation and validation study in the UK has been proposed as a low-cost, systematic screening tool to identify older, frail patients who are at a greater risk of adverse outcomes and for whom a frailty-attuned approach might be useful. We aimed to validate this Score in an independent cohort in Switzerland. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a prospective, observational study (TRIAGE study). SETTING One 600-bed tertiary care hospital in Aarau, Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS Consecutive medical inpatients aged ≥75 years that presented to the emergency department or were electively admitted between October 2015 and April 2018. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoint was all-cause 30-day mortality. Secondary endpoints were length of hospital stay, hospital readmission, functional impairment and quality of life measures. We used multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS Of 4957 included patients, 3150 (63.5%) were classified as low risk, 1663 (33.5%) intermediate risk, and 144 (2.9%) high risk for frailty. Compared with the low-risk group, patients in the moderate risk and high-risk groups had increased risk for 30-day mortality (OR (OR) 2.53, 95% CI 2.09 to 3.06, p<0.001 and OR 4.40, 95% CI 2.94 to 6.57, p<0.001) with overall moderate discrimination (area under the ROC curve 0.66). The results remained robust after adjustment for important confounders. Similarly, we found longer length of hospital stay, more severe functional impairment and a lower quality of life in higher risk group patients. CONCLUSION Our data confirm the prognostic value of the Hospital Frailty Risk Score to identify older, frail people at risk for mortality and adverse outcomes in an independent patient population. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01768494; Post-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Eckart
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | | | - Sebastian Haubitz
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Tristan Struja
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Kutz
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Koch
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Neeser
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Marc A Meier
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Beat Mueller
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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49
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Hellmuth C, Uhl O, Demmelmair H, Grunewald M, Auricchio R, Castillejo G, Korponay-Szabo IR, Polanco I, Roca M, Vriezinga SL, Werkstetter KJ, Koletzko B, Mearin ML, Kirchberg FF. The impact of human breast milk components on the infant metabolism. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197713. [PMID: 29856767 PMCID: PMC5983411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Breastfeeding is beneficial for mothers and infants. Underlying mechanisms and biochemical mediators thus need to be investigated to develop and support improved infant nutrition practices promoting the child health. We analysed the relation between maternal breast milk composition and infant metabolism. METHODS 196 pairs of mothers and infants from a European research project (PreventCD) were studied. Maternal milk samples collected at month 1 and month 4 after birth were analysed for macronutrient classes, hormone, and fatty acid (FA) content. Phospholipids, acylcarnitines, and amino acids were measured in serum samples of 4-month old infants. Associations between milk components and infant metabolites were analysed with spearman correlation and linear mixed effect models (LME). P-values were corrected for multiple testing (PLME). RESULTS Month 1 milk protein content was strongly associated with infant serum lyso-phosphatidylcholine (LPC) 14:0 (PLME = 0.009). Month 1 milk insulin was associated to infant acetylcarnitine (PLME = 0.01). There were no associations between milk protein content and serum amino acids and milk total fat content and serum polar lipids. Middle- and odd-chain FA% in breast milk at both ages were significantly related to serum LPC and sphingomyelins (SM) species in infant serum (all PLME<0.05), while FA% 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 percentages were significantly associated to serum LPC 22:6 (PLME = 1.91×10-4/7.93×10-5) in milk only at month 4. Other polyunsaturated fatty acids and hormones in milk showed only weak associations with infant serum metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Infant serum LPC are influenced by breast milk FA composition and, intriguingly, milk protein content in early but not late lactation. LPC 14:0, previously found positively associated with obesity risk, was the serum metabolite which was the most strongly associated to milk protein content. Thus, LPC 14:0 might be a key metabolite not only reflecting milk protein intake in infants, but also relating high protein content in milk or infant formula to childhood obesity risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hellmuth
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Olaf Uhl
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Demmelmair
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Grunewald
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Renata Auricchio
- Department of Medical Translational Sciences and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gemma Castillejo
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, URV, IIPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Ilma R. Korponay-Szabo
- Celiac Disease Center, Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary and Department of Pediatrics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Isabel Polanco
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Roca
- U. Enfermedad Celiaca e Inmunopatología Digestiva, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sabine L. Vriezinga
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina J. Werkstetter
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - M. Luisa Mearin
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Franca F. Kirchberg
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
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