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Rawat R, Negi S, Tiwari P. Pollen morphology of Acanthoideae species from the Shivalik Foothills in Rajaji National Park (Uttarakhand, India). Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1306-1317. [PMID: 38353310 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Apart from its role in plant taxonomy, the understanding of pollen morphology is considered an essential interdisciplinary tool in diverse applied fields, including plant systematics, melissopalynology, aeropalynology, forensic palynology, paleopalynology, and copropalynology. In palynotaxonomy, it is frequently employed to classify and validate natural groups across a range of hierarchical levels, from higher categories down to the infrageneric level. The subfamily Acanthoideae, within the Acanthaceae family, consists of a diverse group of flowering plants that are distributed globally. The present study attempted a comprehensive analysis of the pollen morphology, employing both light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), for a total of 13 Acanthoideae species from the Shivalik Foothills in Rajaji National Park (located in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya). The findings indicated that the Acanthoideae is characterized by eurypalynous features, and the studied species exhibited pollen grains that were monads, radially symmetrical, and varied in size from small to large. The pollen grains were predominantly tricolporate or heteroaperturate, with porate occurrences being rare. The significant variation in exine sculpturing, including reticulate, coarsely reticulate, and bireticulate patterns, holds substantial taxonomic significance. The detailed presentation encompasses pollen morphological characters described with LM and SEM micrographs, along with a species-level identification key. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: This article provides a thorough analysis of the pollen morphology of Acanthoideae taxa using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, covering 13 species across 10 genera and revealing a broad spectrum of pollen characteristics, including size, shape, aperture type, and exine sculpturing. The microscopic investigation of these Acanthoideae species not only enhances our understanding of their pollen morphology but also aids in species identification through the development of a pollen-based key.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchita Rawat
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shivani Negi
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Prabhawati Tiwari
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
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2
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Yu Y, Wang Y, Ding L, Wang GC, Geng H, Tan CY, Wang Y, Liu JS, Wang GK. Discovery of ent-labdane derivatives from Andrographis paniculata and their anti-inflammatory activity. Phytochemistry 2024; 219:113986. [PMID: 38219853 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.113986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The plant Andrographis paniculata has a long history of cultivation in Southeast Asia, especially its extensive anti-inflammatory activity, and the famous natural antibiotic andrographolide comes from this plant. In China, A. paniculata, as the main crop, has become a major source of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the clinical treatment of inflammation. To further explore the diverse diterpene lactones with better anti-inflammatory activity from A. paniculata, twenty-one ent-labdanes, including six undescribed compounds (andropanilides D-I), were isolated. Their structures with absolute configurations were thoroughly determined by comprehensive NMR spectroscopic data, HRESIMS analysis and quantum chemical calculations. All isolated compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activities based on the Griess method. Meanwhile, after structure-activity relationships analysis, the anti-inflammatory activity of andropanilide D (1) (IC50 = 2.31 μM) was found to be better than that of the positive control drug (dexamethasone, IC50 = 6.52 μM) and andrographolide (IC50 = 5.89 μM). Further mechanisms of activity indicated that andropanilide D significantly reduced the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β and downregulated the protein expression of COX-2 and iNOS in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner based on Western blot and ELISA experiments. In conclusion, andropanilide D possesses potential medicinal value for the treatment of inflammation and further expands the material basis of the anti-inflammatory effect of A. paniculata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine State, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Lan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Gui-Chun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Hao Geng
- School of Sciences, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan, 615000, China
| | - Cheng-Yong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Genpact, 1155 Avenue of the Americas 4th Fl, New York, NY, 10036, USA
| | - Jin-Song Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine State, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Guo-Kai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine State, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
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Hesse-Withbroe JL, Whitaker DL. Backspin in Ruellia ciliatiflora does not maximize seed dispersal range, but provides moderate dispersal range that is robust to launch conditions. J R Soc Interface 2024; 21:20230486. [PMID: 38471534 PMCID: PMC10932702 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ruellia ciliatiflora is a perennial herb whose fruits explosively dehisce, launching their thin disc-like seeds over 6 m with a backspin up to 1660 Hz. While it has been previously shown that the backspin launch orientation minimizes the aerodynamic drag experienced by the seeds, it is not immediately obvious whether backspin is also the range-maximizing launch orientation. Here the three-dimensional equation of motion of a thin, spinning disc flying through a fluid medium was derived and solved numerically to simulate the flight of seeds of R. ciliatiflora under different launch conditions. Simulations of seed flights reveal that the range-maximizing launch orientation lies between sidespin and topspin, far from the backspin that is observed in nature. While this range-maximizing orientation results in dispersal ranges of nearly 10 m, the precise orientation is highly sensitive to other launch parameters, chiefly spin rate and launch angle. By contrast, backspin, which yields moderate dispersal ranges about 60% of the range-maximizing orientation, is robust to perturbations in launch parameters that the plant cannot precisely control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dwight L. Whitaker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA
- California Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA, USA
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Nguyen AK, Phuwapraisirisan P. A new furanonapthoquinone from the stems of Thunbergia laurifolia. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:477-485. [PMID: 36170203 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2128343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitory assay-guided purification of Thunbergia laurifolia L. stems yielded a new compound named 5-acetoxyfuranonapthoquinone (1) along with nineteen known compounds (2-20). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by the analysis of multiple spectroscopic data. The isolated compounds were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibition. Syringaresinol (7), rosmarinic acid (11), 1,2,8-trihydroxyxanthone (16), and isojacareubin (18) showed the most potent inhibitory activity among isolated compounds. Kinetic study indicated that syringaresinol (7), 1,2,8-trihydroxyxanthone (16) and isojacareubin (18) could inhibit maltase and sucrase function by non-competitive manner, and rosmarinic acid (11) was identified as a non-competitive inhibitor against maltase and a mixed-manner inhibitor against sucrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Preecha Phuwapraisirisan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Kiel CA, Manzitto-Tripp E, Fisher AE, Porter JM, McDade LA. Remarkable variation in androecial morphology is closely associated with corolla traits in Western Hemisphere Justiciinae ( Acanthaceae: Justicieae). Ann Bot 2023; 132:43-60. [PMID: 37279362 PMCID: PMC10550274 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Few studies of angiosperms have focused on androecial evolution in conjunction with evolutionary shifts in corolla morphology and pollinator relationships. The Western Hemisphere clade of Justiciinae (Acanthaceae) presents the rare opportunity to examine remarkable diversity in staminal morphology. We took a phylogenetically informed approach to examine staminal diversity in this hypervariable group and asked whether differences in anther thecae separation is associated with phylogenetically informed patterns of variation in corolla morphology. We further discuss evidence for associations between anther diversity and pollinators in this lineage. METHODS For the Dianthera/Sarotheca/Plagiacanthus (DSP) clade of Western Hemisphere Justiciinae, we characterized floral diversity based on a series of corolla measurements and using a model-based clustering approach. We then tested for correlations between anther thecae separation and corolla traits, and for shifts in trait evolution, including evidence for convergence. KEY RESULTS There is evolutionary vagility in corolla and anther traits across the DSP clade with little signal of phylogenetic constraint. Floral morphology clusters into four distinct groups that are, in turn, strongly associated with anther thecae separation, a novel result in Acanthaceae and, to our knowledge, across flowering plants. These cluster groups are marked by floral traits that strongly point to associations with pollinating animals. Specifically, species that are known or likely to be hummingbird pollinated have stamens with parallel thecae, whereas those that are likely bee or fly pollinated have stamens with offset, divergent thecae. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that anther thecae separation is likely under selection in concert with other corolla characters. Significant morphological shifts detected by our analyses corresponded to putative shifts from insect to hummingbird pollination. Results from this study support the hypothesis that floral structures function in an integrated manner and are likely subject to selection as a suite. Further, these changes can be hypothesized to represent adaptive evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie A Kiel
- California Botanic Garden, 1500 North College Avenue, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Erin Manzitto-Tripp
- University of Colorado, Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Amanda E Fisher
- California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90807, USA
| | - J Mark Porter
- California Botanic Garden, 1500 North College Avenue, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Lucinda A McDade
- California Botanic Garden, 1500 North College Avenue, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
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Soto TY, Rojas-Gutierrez JD, Oakley CG. Can heterosis and inbreeding depression explain the maintenance of outcrossing in a cleistogamous perennial? Am J Bot 2023; 110:e16240. [PMID: 37672596 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE What maintains mixed mating is an evolutionary enigma. Cleistogamy-the production of both potentially outcrossing chasmogamous and obligately selfing cleistogamous flowers on the same individual plant-is an excellent system to study the costs of selfing. Inbreeding depression can prevent the evolution of greater selfing within populations, and heterosis in crosses between populations may further tip the balance in favor of outcrossing. Few empirical estimates of inbreeding depression and heterosis in the same system exist for cleistogamous species. METHODS We investigate the potential costs of selfing by quantifying inbreeding depression and heterosis in three populations of the cleistogamous perennial Ruellia humilis Nutt (Acanthaceae). We performed three types of hand-pollinations-self, outcross-within, and outcross-between populations-and measured seed number, germination, total flower production, and estimated cumulative fitness for the resulting progeny in a greenhouse experiment. RESULTS We found moderate inbreeding depression for cumulative fitness (<30%) in two populations, but outbreeding depression for crosses within a third population (-26%). For between-population crosses, there was weak to modest heterosis (11-47%) in two of the population combinations, but modest to strong outbreeding depression (-21 to -71%) in the other four combinations. CONCLUSIONS Neither inbreeding depression nor heterosis was of sufficient magnitude to explain the continued production of chasmogamous flowers given the relative energetic advantage of cleistogamous flowers previously estimated for these populations. Outbreeding depression either within or between populations makes the maintenance of chasmogamous flowers even harder to explain. More information is needed on the genetic basis of cleistogamy to resolve this conundrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Y Soto
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and the Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Juan Diego Rojas-Gutierrez
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and the Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Christopher G Oakley
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and the Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Nga TT, Thi Hoan L, Anh BTM, Mai NT, Huong PTT, Nhiem NX, Kiem PV, Tai BH. Two new lignan glycosides from Acanthus ilicifoliusL. with their NO inhibition and cytotoxic activity. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37234021 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2218009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of aerial parts of the Acanthus ilicifolius led to the isolation of two new lignan glycosides, acaniliciosides A and B (1 and 2), together with ten known compounds (3-12). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated based on HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of two new compounds were established by CD spectra. With the exception of compound 12, other compounds inhibited NO production in LPS activated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of 2.14-28.18 µM, as potent as that of the positive control of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate (L-NMMA, IC50 of 32.50 µM). In addition, compounds 5-8 showed cytotoxic effects against SK-LU-1 and HepG2 cell lines with the IC50 values ranging from 16.48 to 76.40 μM compared to the positive control (ellipticine) with the IC50 values ranging from 1.23 to 1.46 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Thuy Nga
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lai Thi Hoan
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi Mai Anh
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Mai
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Thi Thanh Huong
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Kanchanasin P, Sripreechasak P, Suriyachadkun C, Rueangsawang K, Tanasupawat S, Phongsopitanun W. Streptomyces cylindrosporus sp. nov. and Streptomyces spinosisporus sp. nov.: two new endophytic actinobacteria isolated from the roots of Barleria lupulina Lindl. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37256768 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two endophytic actinobacteria, designated as strains 7R015T and 7R016T, were isolated from the roots of Barleria lupulina collected in Thailand. The morphological characteristics and results of chemotaxonomic studies and 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that both strains represented members of the genus Streptomyces. They contained ll-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan. Ribose and glucose were detected as the whole-cell sugars. MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8), were found as the membrane menaquinone. The predominant cellular fatty acids detected were iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The genomes of both strains harboured biosynthetic gene clusters for melanin, terpene, lanthipeptide, polyketides, non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, siderophore and ectoine. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of 7R015T showed the highest similarity to that of Streptomyces pseudovenezuelae DSM 40212T (98.6 %), Streptomyces cyaneus NRRL B2296T (98.6 %) and Streptomyces curacoi DSM 40107T (98.6 %). Strain 7R016T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Streptomyces gilvifuscus NBRC 110904T (98.2 %), which is lower than the threshold value for 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity for differentiation at the species level (98.65 %). Comparative genome analysis revealed that the genomes of 7R015T, 7R016T and the closely related type strains had an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of less than 95 % and a digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) of less than 70 %, the thresholds for species demarcation. On the basis of the results of the polyphasic study, strains 7R015T and 7R016T represent novel species of the genus Streptomyces and are named herein as Streptomyces cylindrosporus sp. nov. (=NBRC 115200T = TBRC 14542T) for strain 7R015T and Streptomyces spinosisporus sp. nov. (=NBRC 115201T = TBRC 14543T) for strain 7R016T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawina Kanchanasin
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Paranee Sripreechasak
- Office of Educational Affairs, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Chanwit Suriyachadkun
- Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanokorn Rueangsawang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Somboon Tanasupawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Acero N, Muñoz-Mingarro D, Navarro I, León-González AJ, Martín-Cordero C. Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Acanthus mollis L. Rhizome Hexane Extract. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:159. [PMID: 37259310 PMCID: PMC9966330 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhizomes of Acanthus mollis have traditionally been used for the treatment of several ailments involving inflammation. However, to the best of our knowledge, their chemical composition and pharmacological properties have not been studied until now. As a first approach, this study analyses the A. mollis rhizome hexane extract phytochemistry and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities in HepG2 and RAW 264.7 cell culture assays. Chemical profiling was performed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry without the modification of native molecules. Free phytosterols (such as β-sitosterol) account for 70% of detected compounds. The anti-inflammatory capacity of the rhizome extract of A. mollis is mediated by the decrease in the NO production in RAW 264.7 that has previously been stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HepG2 pre-treatment with the rhizome extract prevents any damage being caused by oxidative stress, both through ROS scavenge and through the antioxidant cellular enzyme system. In this respect, the extract reduced the activity of glutathione peroxidase and reductase, which were stimulated under oxidative stress conditions. Our results suggest that the extract from the rhizomes of A. mollis may constitute a potential source of natural products with anti-inflammatory activity and could validate the traditional use of A. mollis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Acero
- Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, San Pablo-CEU University, CEU Universities, Urb. Montepríncipe, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Muñoz-Mingarro
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, San Pablo-CEU University, CEU Universities, Urb. Montepríncipe, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Navarro
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/P. García González, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio J. León-González
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/P. García González, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Carmen Martín-Cordero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/P. García González, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
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10
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Heywood JS, Michalski JS, McCann BK, Andres KJ, Hall AR, Hartman AD, Middleton TC, Chiles A, Dewey SE, Miller CA. The potential for floral evolution in response to competing selection pressures following the loss of hawkmoth pollination in Ruellia humilis. Am J Bot 2022; 109:1875-1892. [PMID: 36063430 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE In the absence of hawkmoth pollinators, chasmogamous (CH) flowers of Ruellia humilis self-pollinate by two secondary mechanisms. Other floral visitors might exert selection on CH floral traits to restore outcrossing, but at the same time preferential predation of CH seeds generates selection to increase the allocation of resources to cleistogamous (CL) flowers. METHODS To assess the potential for an evolutionary response to these competing selection pressures, we estimated additive genetic variances ( σ A 2 ${\sigma }_{{\rm{A}}}^{2}$ ) and covariances for 14 reproductive traits and three fitness components in a Missouri population lacking hawkmoth pollinators. RESULTS We found significant σ A 2 ${\sigma }_{{\rm{A}}}^{2}$ for all 11 floral traits and two measures of resource allocation to CL flowers, indicating the potential for a short-term response to selection on most reproductive traits. Selection generated by seed predators is predicted to increase the percentage of CL flowers by 0.24% per generation, and mean stigma-anther separation is predicted to decrease as a correlated response, increasing the fraction of plants that engage in prior selfing. However, the initial response to this selection is opposed by strong directional dominance. CONCLUSIONS The predicted evolutionary decrease in the number of CH flowers available for potential outcrossing, combined with the apparent preclusion of potential diurnal pollinators by the pollen-harvesting activities of sweat bees, suggest that 100% cleistogamy is the likely outcome of evolution in the absence of hawkmoths. However, rare mutations with large effects, such as delaying budbreak until after sunrise, could provide pathways for the restoration of outcrossing that are not reachable by gradual quantitative-genetic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Heywood
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Joseph S Michalski
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Braden K McCann
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Kara J Andres
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, 215 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Allison R Hall
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Amber D Hartman
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Tessa C Middleton
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Amelia Chiles
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Sarah E Dewey
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Cay A Miller
- Biology Department, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
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Pérez-Vásquez A, Díaz-Rojas M, Castillejos-Ramírez EV, Pérez-Esquivel A, Montaño-Cruz Y, Rivero-Cruz I, Torres-Colín R, González-Andrade M, Rodríguez-Sotres R, Gutiérrez-González JA, Madariaga-Mazón A, Mata R. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity of compounds from Justicia spicigera ( Acanthaceae). Phytochemistry 2022; 203:113410. [PMID: 36030904 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An infusion from the aerial parts of Justicia spicigera Schltdl., an herb commonly used to treat diabetes, inhibited the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Two undescribed compounds, 2-N-(p-coumaroyl)-3H-phenoxazin-3-one, and 3″-O-acetyl-kaempferitrin, along with kaempferitrin, kaempferol 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, perisbivalvine B and 2,5-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone were isolated from the active extract. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic and spectrometric methods. The isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against PTP1B; the most active compounds were 2-N-(p-coumaroyl)-3H-phenoxazin-3-one, and perisbivalvine B with IC50 values of 159.1 ± 0.02 μM and 106.6 ± 0.01 μM, respectively. However, perisbivalvine B was unstable. Kinetic analysis of 2-N-(p-coumaroyl)-3H-phenoxazin-3-one and 2,5-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (obtained in good amounts) indicated that both compounds behaved as parabolic competitive inhibitors and bind to the enzyme forming complexes with 1:1 and 1:2 stoichiometry. Docking of 2-N-(p-coumaroyl)-3H-phenoxazin-3-one and 2,5-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone to PTP1B1-400 predicted a good affinity of these compounds for PTP1B catalytic site and demonstrated that the binding of a second ligand is sterically possible. The 1:2 complex was also supported by the second docking analysis, which predicted an important contribution of π-stacking interactions to the stability of these 1:2 complexes. Finally, an UHPLC-MS method was developed and validated to quantify the content of kaempferitrin in the infusion of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Pérez-Vásquez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Miriam Díaz-Rojas
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandra Pérez-Esquivel
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico
| | - Yullet Montaño-Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico
| | - Isabel Rivero-Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico
| | - Rafael Torres-Colín
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Rogelio Rodríguez-Sotres
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Abraham Madariaga-Mazón
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico; Unidad Académica Del Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Merida, 97302, Mexico
| | - Rachel Mata
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, 04510, Mexico.
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12
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Kheawchaum S, Mahidol C, Thongnest S, Boonsombat J, Batsomboon P, Sitthimonchai S, Ruchirawat S, Prawat H. Ent-abietane diterpenoid lactone glycosides and a phenolic glycoside from Phlogacanthus pulcherrimus T. Anderson with cytotoxic and cancer chemopreventive activities. Phytochemistry 2022; 201:113261. [PMID: 35662549 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nine undescribed ent-abietane diterpenoid lactone glycosides, pulcherrimosides A-I, and a phenolic glycoside, phlogoside A, together with ten known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Phlogacanthus pulcherrimus T. Anderson. Their structures were established through spectral methods, especially 2D NMR and HRESIMS analyses, and by acid hydrolysis. The absolute configurations of pulcherrimosides A-I were determined through the interpretation of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Some of the isolates were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic and cancer chemopreventive properties. Helioscopinolide A and 17-hydroxyhelioscopinolide A showed good cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with IC50 values of 18.16 ± 0.58 and 16.60 ± 0.23 μM, respectively. Pulcherrimoside D inhibited superoxide anion radical formation in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XXO) assay with an IC50 value of 59.5 μM. Helioscopinolide A and pulcherrimoside D were strong aromatase inhibitors with IC50 values of 9.0 and 11.9 μM, respectively. Among the tested compounds, pulcherrimoside D was considered an interesting cancer chemopreventive agent for further study as it provided good activity in several in vitro cancer preventive assays and was not toxic to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Kheawchaum
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Chulabhorn Mahidol
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Sanit Thongnest
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Thailand
| | - Jutatip Boonsombat
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Thailand
| | - Paratchata Batsomboon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Somkid Sitthimonchai
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Thailand
| | - Hunsa Prawat
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Thailand.
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13
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Abstract
One new indazole alkaloid, indigodole E (1), was isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine Qing Dai prepared from the aerial parts of Strobilanthes cusia. The structure of 1 was elucidated by NMR, MS, UV, and IR spectra as well as optical rotation. Additionally, compound 1 could obviously inhibit not only IL-17A protein production at concentrations from 1.25 to 2.5 μg/mL, but also IL-17 gene expression at concentrations from 5.0 to 10.0 μg/mL without cytotoxicity toward Th17 and Jukat cells, respectively. Overall, indazole analogue 1 could be the anti-IL 17 A contributor of Qing Dai in this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lin Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Wang
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chyi Song
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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14
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Tri MD, Phat NT, Trung NT, Phan CTD, Minh PN, Chi MT, Nguyen TP, Dang CH, Hong Truong L, Pham NKT, Mai TTN, Duong TH. A new 26-norlanostane from Phlogacanthus turgidus growing in Vietnam. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2022; 24:196-202. [PMID: 33876656 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2021.1913125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation on chloroform extract of Phlogacanthus turgidus led to the isolation of one new compound namely turgidol, together with five known triterpenoids, lupeol, lupenone, betulin, betulinic acid, and taraxerol. Their structures and stereochemistry have been determined by 1 D and 2 D NMR analysis, high resolution mass spectrometry, and compared with those in literatures. The relative configuration of turgidol was defined using DFT-NMR chemical shift calculations and subsequent DP4+ probability method. Turgidol, betulin, and betulinic acid were evaluated for cytotoxic activity toward K562 cancer cell line and the alpha-glucosidase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Dinh Tri
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Ha noi 11355, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71515, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tan Phat
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Ha noi 11355, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71515, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tien Trung
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Modelling (LCCM), Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon 55100, Vietnam
| | - Cam-Tu D Phan
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Modelling (LCCM), Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon 55100, Vietnam
| | - Phan Nhat Minh
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71515, Vietnam
| | - Mai Thanh Chi
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Ha noi 11355, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71515, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Phuong Nguyen
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 72806, Vietnam
| | - Chi Hien Dang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Ha noi 11355, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71515, Vietnam
| | - Luu Hong Truong
- Southern Institute of Ecology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 71515, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Kim Tuyen Pham
- Faculty of Environmental Science, Sai Gon University, Ho Chi Minh City 72711, Vietnam
| | - Trần Thị Ngọc Mai
- Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh city 72324, Vietnam
| | - Thuc-Huy Duong
- Department of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City 72711, Vietnam
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15
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Zhang HX, Xia Z, Xu TQ, Xu W, Chen YM, Zhou GX. One pair of new enantiomeric trinorsesquiterpenes from the aerial parts of Justicia gendarussa. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2021; 23:1140-1147. [PMID: 33502251 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2021.1871603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pair of new enantiomeric trinorsesquiterpenes, (+)-genpenterpene A (1a) and (-)-genpenterpene A (1b), together with seven known compounds (2-8), were isolated from the aerial parts of Justicia gendarussa Burm.f.. All of these known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. Racemic genpenterpene A was separated by chiral HPLC column. Their chemical structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and ECD calculations. (+)-genpenterpene A (1a) exhibited potent inhibitory effect against nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells with an IC50 value of 9.54 ± 1.02 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xin Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhao Xia
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tian-Qi Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-Min Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guang-Xiong Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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16
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Phongsopitanun W, Kanchanasin P, Sripreechasak P, Rueangsawang K, Athipornchai A, Supong K, Pittayakhajonwut P, Tanasupawat S. Potential antibiotic production of Streptomyces justiciae sp. nov., isolated from the root of Justicia subcoriacea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34550061 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic actinobacterial strain 3R004T was isolated from a root of Justicia subcoriacea collected in Thailand. In this report, the taxonomic position of this strain is described using a polyphasic approach. Based on the morphological characteristics and chemical composition of its cells, strain 3R004T was identified as a member of the genus Streptomyces. It produced a long chain of cylindrical spores on aerial mycelia. ll-Diaminopimelic acid was detected in the cell wall peptidoglycan. The menaquinones were MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8). C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 were detected as the major cellular fatty acids. Polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and one unidentified lipid. Strain 3R004T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene similarity of 99.45 % to Streptomyces cyaneochromogenes MK-45T. The phylogenomic results indicated that strain 3R004T was close to Streptomyces aquilus GGCR-6T and Streptomyces antibioticus DSM 40234T. The DNA-DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values among strain 3R004T and closely related Streptomyces species were 35.5-63.1 % and 82.7-94.3 %, respectively. The type strain produced actinomycin D antibiotic as the major secondary metabolite. The maximum productivity of the actinomycin D (378 mg l-1) was observed when the strain was grown in 301 broth at 30 °C, 180 r.p.m. for 12 days. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic evidence, strain 3R004T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces justiciae is proposed. The type strain is 3R004T (=LMG 32138T=TBRC 13128T=NBRC 115065T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pawina Kanchanasin
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Paranee Sripreechasak
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Kanokorn Rueangsawang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Anan Athipornchai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Khomsan Supong
- Department of Applied Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Chantaburi Campus, Chantaburi, 22210, Thailand
| | - Pattama Pittayakhajonwut
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Somboon Tanasupawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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17
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Albinhassan TH, Saleh KA, Barhoumi Z, Alshehri MA, Al-Ghazzawi AM. Anticancer, anti-proliferative activity of Avicennia marina plant extracts. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:879-886. [PMID: 34528536 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_659_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Medical halophytes plants are potent sources of bioactive secondary metabolite components used against different diseases. Avicenniamarina one of the typical halophytes plant species used in folk medicine to treat smallpox, rheumatism, and ulcer. Despite the richness of A.marina with polyphenolic, flavonoids, terpenoid, and terpene, contents remain poorly investigated against cancer types. Consequently, to explore the function-composition relationship of A.marina hexane leaves crude extract, the current study designed to investigate the cytotoxicity, apoptotic and antiproliferative impacts on the colon (HCT-116), liver (HepG2), and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods Therefore, the cytotoxicity impact screening carried out by Sulforhodamine-B assay. While, the initiation of the apoptosis evaluated by chromatin condensing, early apoptosis, late apoptosis and the formation and appearance of apoptotic bodies. On the other hand, the flow cytometry used to identify the phase of inhibition where the determined IC50 value used. While, the chemical composition of the hexane extract was detected using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Results Revealed that hexane extract showed a weak induction of apoptosis despite the formation of apoptotic bodies and the high cell inhibitory effect on all tested cell lines with IC50 values (23.7 ± 0.7, 44.9 ± 0.93, 79.55 ± 0.57) μg/ml on HCT-116, HepG2, and MCF-7, respectively. Furthermore, it showed the ability to inhibit cell cycle in G0/G1 for HCT-116, S phase for HepG2, and MCF-7. Conclusion In the light of these results, the current study suggests that A.marina leaves hexane extract may be considered as a candidate for further anticancer drug development investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani H Albinhassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamel A Saleh
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zouhaier Barhoumi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M Al-Ghazzawi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Horiguchi G, Matsumoto K, Nemoto K, Inokuchi M, Hirotsu N. Transition From Proto-Kranz-Type Photosynthesis to HCO 3 - Use Photosynthesis in the Amphibious Plant Hygrophila polysperma. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:675507. [PMID: 34220895 PMCID: PMC8242947 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.675507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hygrophila polysperma is a heterophyllous amphibious plant. The growth of H. polysperma in submerged conditions is challenging due to the low CO2 environment, increased resistance to gas diffusion, and bicarbonate ion (HCO3 -) being the dominant dissolved inorganic carbon source. The submerged leaves of H. polysperma have significantly higher rates of underwater photosynthesis compared with the terrestrial leaves. 4,4'-Diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate (DIDS), an anion exchanger protein inhibitor, and ethoxyzolamide (EZ), an inhibitor of internal carbonic anhydrase, repressed underwater photosynthesis by the submerged leaves. These results suggested that H. polysperma acclimates to the submerged condition by using HCO3 - for photosynthesis. H. polysperma transports HCO3 - into the leaf by a DIDS-sensitive HCO3 - transporter and converted to CO2 by carbonic anhydrase. Additionally, proteome analysis revealed that submerged leaves accumulated fewer proteins associated with C4 photosynthesis compared with terrestrial leaves. This finding suggested that H. polysperma is capable of C4 and C3 photosynthesis in the terrestrial and submerged leaves, respectively. The ratio of phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) in the submerged leaves was less than that in the terrestrial leaves. Upon anatomical observation, the terrestrial leaves exhibited a phenotype similar to the Kranz anatomy found among C4 plants; however, chloroplasts in the bundle sheath cells were not located adjacent to the vascular bundles, and the typical Kranz anatomy was absent in submerged leaves. These results suggest that H. polysperma performs proto-Kranz type photosynthesis in a terrestrial environment and shifts from a proto-Kranz type in terrestrial leaves to a HCO3 - use photosynthesis in the submerged environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Horiguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
| | | | - Kyosuke Nemoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mayu Inokuchi
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hirotsu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
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19
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Chen CM, Chen WH, Pang XY, Liao SR, Wang JF, Lin XP, Yang B, Zhou XF, Luo XW, Liu YH. Pyrrolyl 4-quinolone alkaloids from the mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium steckii SCSIO 41025: Chiral resolution, configurational assignment, and enzyme inhibitory activities. Phytochemistry 2021; 186:112730. [PMID: 33740577 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Six undescribed 4-quinolone alkaloids, including four racemic mixtures, (±)-oxypenicinolines A-D, and two related ones, penicinolines F and G, together with seven known analogues, were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium steckii SCSIO 41025 (Trichocomaceae). The racemates were separated by HPLC using chiral columns. Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiments, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Structurally, (±)-oxypenicinolines A-D shared with an unusual 6/6/5/5 tetracyclic system incorporating a rare tetrahydro-pyrrolyl moiety. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for pyrrolyl 4-quinolone alkaloids is proposed. (±)-oxypenicinoline A and quinolactacide displayed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with the IC50 values of 317.8 and 365.9 μΜ, respectively, which were more potent than that of acarbose (461.0 μM). Additionally, penicinoline and penicinoline E showed weak inhibitions toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wei-Hao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Pang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China
| | - Sheng-Rong Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, PR China
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, PR China
| | - Xiu-Ping Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, PR China
| | - Xue-Feng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, PR China
| | - Xiao-Wei Luo
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China.
| | - Yong-Hong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
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Fang L, Wang Y, Guo CL, Wang XY. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Strobilanthes tonkinensis Lindau. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:1786-1787. [PMID: 34104775 PMCID: PMC8168735 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1934144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Strobilanthes tonkinensis Lindau is a member of the family Acanthaceae, which was originated from Yunnan province of China and is used as tea and health promotion. Here, we reported the complete chloroplast genome sequence of S. tonkinensis using Illumina high-throughput sequencing approach. The size of the chloroplast genome is 144,765 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 17,362 bp) that are separated by the large single-copy (LSC, 92,248 bp), and small single-copy (SSC, 17,793 bp) regions. A total of 129 genes were identified, including 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 84 protein-coding genes. The overall GC content is 38.21%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that S. tonkinensis is closely related to Strobilanthes cusia and Strobilanthes bantonensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Fang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cui-Ling Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Ya Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang Q, Huang S, Chen X, Deng Y. The complete chloroplast genome of Strobilanthes biocullata ( Acanthaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:1668-1669. [PMID: 34104730 PMCID: PMC8143611 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1927868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Strobilanthes biocullata is a plietesial species endemic to China. The complete chloroplast genome (cp genome) of S. biocullata was sequenced for the first time. The cp genome of S. biocullata is 144,012 bp in length. It consists of a large single copy (LSC) region (91,628 bp) and a small single copy (SSC) region (17,666 bp), which are separated by two inverted repeats (IRs, 34,718 bp). It contains 114 unique genes, including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The overall GC content is 38.2%. Phylogenetic analysis of 13 species has been conducted. This newly sequenced cp genome will be useful to further genetic diversity, phylogeny, and genomic studies of the genus Strobilanthes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sunan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation & Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Biology and the Environment, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation & Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Xu L, Wang XR, Sun K, Yu T, Xu JH, Ding PX, Tang LM, Zhang DX, Guan WB. The complete chloroplast genome of Acanthus ilicifolius, an excellent mangrove plant. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:1283-1284. [PMID: 33898744 PMCID: PMC8023608 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1884022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acanthus ilicifolius is an excellent mangrove plant. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of A. ilicifolius, a salt tolerant plant of Acanthaceae, was generated. The length of chloroplast genome is 150,758 bp, in which the large-single copy region (LSC) is 82,963 bp, the small-single copy (SSC) region is 17,191 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat (IRa and IRb) regions is 25,302 bp. The chloroplast genome contains 128 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 36 tRNAs genes, with a total GC content of 38%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that A. ilicifolius was closely related to A. ebracteatus, both species belonged to Acanthus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Rui Wang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Kuo Sun
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Yu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiu-Heng Xu
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping-Xing Ding
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Dong-Xu Zhang
- Protected Agricultural Technology Development Center, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Wen-Bin Guan
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Vo TH, Lin YC, Liaw CC, Pan WP, Cheng JJ, Lee CK, Kuo YH. Triterpene glycosides and phenylpropane derivatives from Staurogyne concinnula possessing anti-angiogenic activity. Phytochemistry 2021; 184:112666. [PMID: 33524858 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
After anti-angiogenic activity screening, the potential n-butanol layer partitioned from the ethanol extract of Staurogyne concinnula was conducted. Further purification by Diaion HP20 column and preparative HPLC chromatography, four undescribed triterpenoid saponin derivatives, along with the known baptisiasaponin I, and four known phenylpropanoid glycosides were isolated and characterized from n-butanol layer. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D MNR data. Biological evaluation revealed that baptisiasaponin I possessed significant anti-angiogenic effects (IC50 4.0 ± 0.2 μM). Further mechanism of action of baptisiasaponin I by inhibition of integrin/FAK/paxillin signaling pathway and its downstream effectors as MMP2 and MMP9 are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Hoa Vo
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Lin
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Liaw
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan; Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pin Pan
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jy Cheng
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Kuo Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Intergrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Shamsuddin T, Alam MS, Junaid M, Akter R, Hosen SMZ, Ferdousy S, Mouri NJ. Adhatoda vasica (Nees.): A review on its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and toxicity. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1925-1964. [PMID: 33634759 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210226152238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adhatoda vasica (Nees.) of family Acanthaceae has been used in the Southeast tropical zone as it is efficacious against headache, colds, cough, whooping cough, fever, asthma, dyspnea, phthisis, jaundice, chronic bronchitis and diarrhea and exhibits commendable pharmacological activities. OBJECTIVE The aim of the review is to provide a systematic overview of pharmacological activities with toxicity and clinical assessment, phytochemistry of A. vasica along with its characterization, geographical observation, phenology, traditional uses as well as an organized representation of the findings. METHOD The overall information of A. vasica were collected from various resources including books, review papers, research papers and reports which were obtained by an online search of worldwide-accepted scientific databases. ChemDraw software was used to draw the compounds's structure. RESULTS Phytochemical review on A. vasica has led to the collection of 233 compounds of different types such as alkaloids, flavonoids, essential oils, terpenoids, fatty acids, phenols etc. It is a promising source of phytopharmaceutical potential agent that exhibits diverse pharmacological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, hepatoprotective, anti-ulcer, abortifacient, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic, hypoglycemic, anti-tubercular, antioxidant and antitussive activities. CONCLUSIONS The sufficient number of studies on ethno-pharmacology, traditional uses and pharmacological activities of A. vasica are conducted. Furthermore, it is necessary to study the activity of chemical constituents for new drug design and discovery from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmida Shamsuddin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chattogram. Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Shaiful Alam
- Molecular Modeling Drug-design and Discovery Laboratory, Pharmacology Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Chattogram, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattogram. Bangladesh
| | - Md Junaid
- Molecular Modeling Drug-design and Discovery Laboratory, Pharmacology Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Chattogram, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattogram. Bangladesh
| | - Rasheda Akter
- Molecular Modeling Drug-design and Discovery Laboratory, Pharmacology Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Chattogram, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattogram. Bangladesh
| | - S M Zahid Hosen
- Molecular Modeling Drug-design and Discovery Laboratory, Pharmacology Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Chattogram, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattogram. Bangladesh
| | - Sakia Ferdousy
- Molecular Modeling Drug-design and Discovery Laboratory, Pharmacology Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Chattogram, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattogram. Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Jahan Mouri
- Molecular Modeling Drug-design and Discovery Laboratory, Pharmacology Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Chattogram, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattogram. Bangladesh
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Dirar AI, Adhikari-Devkota A, Kunwar RM, Paudel KR, Belwal T, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Hansbro PM, Dua K, Devkota HP. Genus Blepharis ( Acanthaceae): A review of ethnomedicinally used species, and their phytochemistry and pharmacological activities. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 265:113255. [PMID: 32798615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Blepharis is an Afro-Asiatic genus belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It comprises about 126 species that occur in arid and semi-arid habitats. Some species of Blepharis are used in traditional medicines in different countries mainly for their anti-inflammatory, wound healing activities along with treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and bone fractures. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present review aims to collate and analyze the available data and information on distribution, traditional uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Blepharis. METHODS Scientific information of genus Blepharis was retrieved from the online bibliographic databases such as MEDLINE/PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science and Google Scholar and secondary resources including books and proceedings. RESULTS Seven species of Blepharis were found to be reported frequently as useful in folklore in African and Asian countries. B. maderaspatensis was found to be widely used in Indian traditional medicines whereas the B. ciliaris and B. edulis were common in folklore of Egypt, Jordan, and Arabia. Active phytochemicals of Blepharis are flavonoids from B. ciliaris, alkaloids from B. sindica, phenolic acid derivatives, and phytosterols, and derivatives of hydroxamic acids from B. edulis resulted in possessing diverse biological properties such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. CONCLUSIONS Various species of Blepharis were found to be used in traditional medicine systems in African and Asian countries. Few of these species were studied for their bioactive chemical constituents however the activity guided isolation studies are not performed. Similarly, detailed pharmacological studies in animal models to explore their mechanism of action are also not reported. Future studies should focus on these aspects related to the medicinally used species of Blepharis. The detailed and comprehensive comparative analysis presented here gives valuable information of the currently used Blepharis species and pave the way to investigate other useful species of Blepharis pertaining to ethnobotany, phytochemistry and discovery of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Ibrahim Dirar
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan; Medicinal, Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute (MAPTRI), National Center for Research, P.O. Box 2404, Mek Nimr Street, Khartoum, Sudan; Faculty of Clinical and Industrial Pharmacy, National University-Sudan, P.O. Box 3783, Al-Raki Area, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Anjana Adhikari-Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | | | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Tarun Belwal
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Philip Michael Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan; Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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Refaey MS, Abdelhamid RA, Elimam H, Elshaier YAMM, Ali AA, Orabi MAA. Bioactive constituents from Thunbergia erecta as potential anticholinesterase and anti-ageing agents: Experimental and in silico studies. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104643. [PMID: 33486370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) potentiator phytochemicals are highly targeted as anti-Alzheimerꞌs disease and as an anti-ageing process. A phytochemical study of Thunbergia erecta aerial parts resulted in the isolation of ten compounds (1-10). Their structures were identified based on spectral data and comparison with literature values. The activity of our pure isolates on AChE and TERT enzymes by documented in vitro assay methods were evaluated. The results indicated that apigenin (2), vanillic acid (4), and acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (7) exhibited potent inhibition of AChE (IC50 37.33, 30.80 and 49.57 ng/mL, respectively), compared to the standard drug donepezil (IC50 31.25 ng/mL). In the TERT enzyme assay, compound 7 triggered a 1.66‑fold increase in telomerase activity at the concentration of 2.85 ng/ml. This is the first study that demonstrates that compound 7 isolated from T. erecta can lead to such telomerase activity relative to control cells. Virtual screening studies including docking, rapid overlay chemical structure (ROCS), and calculated structure-property relationships (SPR) were implemented in this work. Molecular docking studies supported the binding of compounds 2, 4, and 7 through hydrogen bonds (HBs) formation to essential amino acid residues namely ARG:24 A, SER:347 A, LYS:51 A, PHE:346 A, and GLY:345 A of acetylcholinesterase. ROCS and SPR analyses realized compound 2 as a possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease and as a lead compound for drug development process through applying semisynthetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufiya 32958, Egypt
| | - Reda A Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32958, Egypt; Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, National Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yaseen A M M Elshaier
- Department of Organic and Medicinal chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufiya 32958, Egypt
| | - A A Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A A Orabi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
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Fitch G, Vandermeer JH. Light availability influences the intensity of nectar robbery and its effects on reproduction in a tropical shrub via multiple pathways. Am J Bot 2020; 107:1635-1644. [PMID: 33190224 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The multiple exogenous pathways by which light availability affects plant reproduction (e.g., via influence on attraction of mutualists and antagonists) remain surprisingly understudied. The light environment experienced by a parent can also have transgenerational effects on offspring via these same pathways. METHODS We evaluated (a) the influence of light availability on floral traits in Odontonema cuspidatum, (b) the relative importance of the pathways by which light influences nectar robbery and reproductive output, and (c) the role of parental light environment in mediating these relationships. We conducted a reciprocal translocation experiment using clonally propagated ramets and field surveys of naturally occurring plants. RESULTS Light availability influenced multiple floral traits, including flower number and nectar volume, which in turn influenced nectar robbery. But nectar robbery was also directly influenced by light availability, due to light effects on nectar robber foraging behavior or neighborhood floral context. Parental light environment mediated the link between light availability and nectar robber attraction, suggesting local adaptation to low-light environments in floral visitor attraction. However, we found no transgenerational effect on reproduction. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that exogenous pathways by which light influences plants (particularly through effects on floral antagonists) can complicate the positive relationship between light availability and plant reproduction. Our results are among the first to document effects of light on floral antagonists and clonal transgenerational effects on flower visitor attraction traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Fitch
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - John H Vandermeer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
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Bafor EE, Prendergast C, Wray S. Justicia flava leaf extract potently relaxes pregnant human myometrial contractility: a lead plant for drug discovery of new tocolytic drugs. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:2033-2037. [PMID: 33094534 DOI: 10.1113/ep088819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Can Justicia flava leaf extract (JF) inhibit human myometrial contractility as was previously shown in mouse myometrium? What is the main finding and its importance? JF abolished human myometrial contractions and therefore presents as a lead plant in drug discovery studies involving drugs for preterm birth. ABSTRACT In the search for new potent therapies for preterm labour, Justicia flava leaf extract (JF) was previously shown to potently inhibit uterine contractility in both pregnant and non-pregnant mouse uterus. This study took the investigation a step further and investigated the activity of JF on pregnant human myometrial contractility. JF potently inhibited human myometrial contractility in a concentration-dependent manner. This pilot study provides evidence that JF should be further investigated as a lead plant in the drug discovery of new uterine relaxants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enitome E Bafor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Clodagh Prendergast
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Susan Wray
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Babaei-Bondarti Z, Shahpiri A. A metallothionein type 2 from Avicennia marina binds to iron and mediates hydrogen peroxide balance by activation of enzyme catalase. Phytochemistry 2020; 176:112396. [PMID: 32353553 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins that are important for essential metal homeostasis, protection against oxidative stress, and buffering against toxic heavy metals. In this work the gene encoding an MT type 2 from Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. (AmMT2) was cloned into pET41a and transformed into the Escherichia coli strain Rosetta (DE3). Following the induction with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, AmMT2 was expressed as glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-tagged fusion protein. The accumulation of Zn2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+ for strain R-AmMT2 was 4, 8, 5.4, 2 and 1.6 fold of control strain suggesting the role of AmMT2 in accumulation of metals. Particularly the strain R-AmMT2 was able to accumulate 30.7 mg per g dry weight. The cells expressing AmMT2 was more tolerant to hydrogen peroxide and had higher catalase (CAT) activity. To understand the mechanistic action of AmMT2 hydrogen peroxide tolerance, the activity of CAT in the E. coli protein extract was assayed after addition of pure Fe2+/GST-AmMT complex and Apo/GST-AmMT2 in vitro. Whereas, the activity of CAT did not change by the addition of Apo/GST-AmMT2, the activity of CAT significantly increased after addition of Fe2+/GST-AmMT2. These results show that AmMT2 activates CAT through Fe2+ transfer which subsequently causes the oxidative stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Babaei-Bondarti
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Azar Shahpiri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
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30
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Raza J, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Athar M, Sultana S, Majeed S, Yaseen G, Imran M, Nazish M, Hussain A. Comparative foliar anatomical and pollen morphological studies of Acanthaceae using light microscope and scanning electron microscope for effective microteaching in community. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:1103-1117. [PMID: 32643201 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, foliar anatomy and pollen morphology of 10 species of Acanthaceae has been investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy. The study was aimed to highlight the role of microscopy in microteaching at community for proper characterization of plants using palyno-anatomical characters including pollen type, exine sculpturing, shape of epidermal cells, pattern of anticlinal wall, type and size of stomata, and trichome. Most of the species have polygonal cell shapes but some species have irregular, tetragonal, and pentagonal shape of epidermal cells. The largest epidermal cell length on adaxial and abaxial surface were observed in Asystasia gangetica 66.95 and 87.40 μm whereas least was observed on adaxial surface in Justicia adhatoda 36.9 μm and on abaxial surface in Barleria cristata 35.65 μm. In anatomy, species have diacytic type of stomata, whereas stomata of paracytic type observed in two species, while in A. gangetica cyclocytic type of stomata are present. Quantitively on abaxial surface, largest stomata length 29.9 μm and width 24.30 μm was noted in B. cristata. While shortest stomata length was observed in Ruellia prostrata 25.95 μm whereas minimum width of stomata was examined in Barleria acanthoides 2.05 μm. The diversity of trichomes are present in all species except in Ruellia brittoniana. Acanthaceae can be characterized by exhibiting different pollen morphology having five types of pollen shapes, prolate, spheroidal, perprolate, subprolate, and oblate spheroidal. Exine peculiarities showing variations such as reticulate, granulate, coarsely reticulate, lophoreticulate, perforate tectate, and granulate surface were examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Raza
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Athar
- California Department of Food & Agriculture, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Shazia Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Majeed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Yaseen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Education, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Moona Nazish
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amir Hussain
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
Three novel 14-membered cyclopeptide alkaloids, justicianenes B-D (1-3), were isolated from the EtOH extract of the whole plant of Justicia procumbens L., and their structures were determined on the basis of detailed NMR spectroscopic data and the absolute stereochemistry of the ring-bonded α-amino acids in the cyclopeptide alkaloids were determined by ECD spectra. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines, including brest cancer MCF-7, cervix carcinoma HeLa, lung cancer A549 and H460, and diphyllin (14) showed moderate cytotoxicity against the HeLa, A549 and H460 cells with IC50 of 9.13, 23.12, 42.34 µM, respectively, justicianene D showed weak cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell with inhibition rate of 50% at the concentration of 90 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Peng Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Xing Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Toxicology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China
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32
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Hanh TTH, My NTT, Cham PT, Quang TH, Cuong NX, Huong TT, Nam NH, Minh CV. Diterpenoids and Flavonoids from Andrographis paniculata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:96-99. [PMID: 31902905 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata resulted in isolation of nine compounds, including a new ent-labdane diterpenoid, andrographic acid methyl ester (1), a new chalcone glucoside, pashanone glucoside (5), and seven known metabolites, andrograpanin (2), andrographolide (3), andropanolide (4), andrographidine A (6), andrographidine F (7), 6-epi-8-O-acetyl-harpagide (8), and curvifloruside F (9). Their chemical structures were elucidated based on comprehensive analyses of the spectroscopic data, including NMR and MS. Among the isolated compounds, andropanolide exerted cytotoxicity toward LNCaP, HepG2, KB, MCF7, and SK-Mel2 carcinoma cells, with IC50 values ranging from 31.8 to 45.9 µM. In addition, andropanolide significantly inhibited the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, with an IC50 value of 13.4 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Thi Hong Hanh
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
| | - Nguyen Thi Thuy My
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
| | - Pham Thi Cham
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
| | - Tran Hong Quang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
| | - Nguyen Xuan Cuong
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
| | - Tran Thu Huong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
| | - Nguyen Hoai Nam
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
| | - Chau Van Minh
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
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33
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Abdel-Mageed WM, Fayed MAA, Al-Saleem MSM, Al-Wahaibi LH, Parvez MK, Li L, Al-Dosari MS, Sayed HM. Novel polycyclic pyrroloquinazoline alkaloids from Anisotes trisulcus and their biological activity. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2019; 22:1159-1167. [PMID: 31868014 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2019.1694514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two new polycyclic pyrroloquinazoline alkaloids with unprecedented skeleton, anisulcusines A (1) and B (2), along with four known compounds (3-6), were identified from the aerial parts of Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees. To our knowledge, anisulcusines A and B are the first polycyclic pyrroloquinazoline alkaloids that possess a unique N-methyl-1,2-dihydro-1'H-spiro[benzo[d][1,3]oxazine moiety. The chemical structures of the new compounds were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses and high-resolution mass spectroscopy. Anisulcusine B (2) exerted moderate cytotoxic effect on cultured human hepatoma (HuH7) cells, whereas compounds 1 and 3-5 exhibited mild cell proliferative or growth stimulatory activity. HIGHLIGHTS Two new polycyclic pyrroloquinazoline alkaloids from Anisotes trisulcus. Structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectra. Compound (2) exerted moderate cytotoxic effect against human hepatoma (HuH7) cells. Compounds (1, 3-5) exhibited mild cell proliferative or growth stimulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael M Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Marwa A A Fayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Muneera S M Al-Saleem
- Chemistry Department, Science College, Princess Noura Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamya H Al-Wahaibi
- Chemistry Department, Science College, Princess Noura Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad K Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Li Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mohammed S Al-Dosari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Diniz UM, Domingos-Melo A, Machado IC. Flowers up! The effect of floral height along the shoot axis on the fitness of bat-pollinated species. Ann Bot 2019; 124:809-818. [PMID: 31282545 PMCID: PMC6868384 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bat-pollination is an important system in terms of occurrence and distribution, although it remains little studied. Thus, the role of particular flower traits in this interaction remains uncertain. Flower height along the shoot axis, associated with flower exposure, has often been deemed a key trait in this system, but its effect on fitness has not previously been assessed. We aimed to test its role and propose that taller flowers attain higher fitness due to a higher degree of accessibility and conspicuity to foraging bats. METHODS We assessed the effect of floral height on bat visiting rates to individual flowers of Crescentia cujete (Bignoniaceae), a cauliflorous model bat-pollinated species with a marked gradient in flower height along the shoot axis. Additionally, we tested the effect of this variable on seed/ovule ratio measurements from seven other species from different families along a herb-tree gradient. Hypotheses were tested through mixed-effect linear models. KEY RESULTS Bat visiting rates varied positively as a function of flower height in C. cujete, but significance was found only for the subset of flowers located on the trunk, closer to the ground. Similarly, seed/ovule ratios were positively correlated with flower height only for the three species with the shortest statures along the height gradient and shortest average floral heights. These results suggest that proximity to the ground, associated with herbaceous or bushy surrounding vegetation, may be an obstacle to the foraging of nectar-feeding bats, which in turn should explain the morphological convergence of inflorescence length and exposure strategies of short-statured bat-pollinated plants. CONCLUSIONS Flower height has a species-specific effect on plant fitness. This study provides a novel numerical perspective to the role of an unexplored trait in bat-pollination, and has elucidated some aspects of the adaptive importance of flower height based on limitations imposed by ecologically complex pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo M Diniz
- Botany Department, Centre of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Zoology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Arthur Domingos-Melo
- Botany Department, Centre of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina Machado
- Botany Department, Centre of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Yaradua SS, Alzahrani DA, Abba A, Albokhary EJ, Bello A. The complete chloroplast genome of Blepharis ciliaris ( Acanthaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:3729-3730. [PMID: 33366163 PMCID: PMC7707403 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1681315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Blepharis ciliaris is an important medicinal plant and endemic species in Saudi Arabia. This study reported the complete chloroplast genome of B. ciliaris, the second to be sequence in non cystolith clade of Acanthaceae. The genome is 149, 717 bp in size and consisted of a pair of inverted repeat (25, 331 bp each) separating the two single copy region, the large single copy (LSC) 82, 057 bp and small single copy SSC 16, 998 bp. The plastome has overall GC content of 38.5% and 112 genes comprising of 79 protein coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic relationship analysis showed that B. ciliaris is sister to Aphelandra knappiea. The cp genome reported in this study will useful in genetic diversity and evolutionary studies of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaila S Yaradua
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation, Department of Biology, Umaru Musa Yaradua University, Katsina, Nigeria
| | - Dhafer A Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abidina Abba
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas J Albokhary
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubakar Bello
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation, Department of Biology, Umaru Musa Yaradua University, Katsina, Nigeria
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Morais EB, Schönenberger J, Conti E, Antonelli A, Szövényi P. Orthologous nuclear markers and new transcriptomes that broadly cover the phylogenetic diversity of Acanthaceae. Appl Plant Sci 2019; 7:e11290. [PMID: 31572631 PMCID: PMC6764435 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Information on orthologous groups of genes, their sequence variability, and annotation is required for project design in phylogenetic reconstruction. This resource is unavailable for the flowering plant family Acanthaceae (>4000 species). METHODS We compared transcriptome sequences spanning the extant diversity of Acanthaceae in order to provide a set of orthologous low-copy nuclear genes and assess their utility for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships within this group of plants. RESULTS We present new transcriptome assemblies for eight species representing all major clades of Acanthaceae. The assemblies of five of these species are entirely based on new sequence data. Of these five species, three are from subfamilies for which no genomic resources were previously available (Nelsonioideae and Thunbergioideae). These five new transcriptomes are more complete than all others from public databases. Furthermore, we provide alignments with sequence information, annotation, and statistics for potential phylogenetic utility of 1619 orthologous low-copy nuclear markers. DISCUSSION Our method of inferring assemblies from multiple pooled tissue samples delivers more complete transcriptomes than any available ones from Acanthaceae. We make available to the community new resources (e.g., sequence information, variability, and annotation of orthologous low-copy nuclear genes) that will help phylogenetic reconstruction in Acanthaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica B. Morais
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of Zurich8008ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Jürg Schönenberger
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity ResearchUniversity of ViennaRennweg 14A‐1030ViennaAustria
| | - Elena Conti
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of Zurich8008ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Alexandre Antonelli
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity CentreBox 461SE 40530GöteborgSweden
- Royal Botanic Gardens, KewRichmondSurreyTW9 3AEUnited Kingdom
| | - Péter Szövényi
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of Zurich8008ZurichSwitzerland
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Basahi MA, Masrahi YS. Blepharis saudensis ( Acanthaceae), a new species from Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1509-1512. [PMID: 31762618 PMCID: PMC6864371 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Blepharis saudensis, from small islands in the Red Sea of Jazan Provence, Saudi Arabia, is described as a new species and illustrated. This species differs from other known species in this genus by having a combination of long stems, oblong-lanceolate to linear leaves with entire margins and pubescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Basahi
- College of Science and Arts Sajir, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 33, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya S Masrahi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Cai YS, Sun JZ, Tang QQ, Fan F, Guo YW. Acanthiline A, a pyrido[1,2-a]indole alkaloid from Chinese mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2018; 20:1088-1092. [PMID: 29947259 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1488834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the leaves and stems of the Chinese mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius Linn. led to the isolation and structure elucidation of one new pyrido[1,2-a]indole alkaloid named acanthiline A (1), together with one known compound aurantiamide acetate (2). Compound 1 has a previously unreported natural product skeleton. The structure elucidation of 1 was based on the analysis of its 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Sheng Cai
- a Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , China
- b State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Ji-Zheng Sun
- c College of Life Science , Taishan Medical University , Taian 271016 , China
| | - Qing-Qing Tang
- a Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , China
| | - Fengkai Fan
- d Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-Cancer Ingredients, College of Chemistry and Life Science , Hubei University of Education , Wuhan 430205 , China
| | - Yue-Wei Guo
- b State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
- e Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Lead Compounds , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 , China
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Tagousop CN, Tamokou JDD, Ekom SE, Ngnokam D, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko L. Antimicrobial activities of flavonoid glycosides from Graptophyllum grandulosum and their mechanism of antibacterial action. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18:252. [PMID: 30219066 PMCID: PMC6139119 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2321-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The search for new antimicrobials should take into account drug resistance phenomenon. Medicinal plants are known as sources of potent antimicrobial compounds including flavonoids. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of flavonoid glycosides from Graptophyllum grandulosum, as well as to determine their mechanism of antibacterial action using lysis, leakage and osmotic stress assays. METHODS The plant extracts were prepared by maceration in organic solvents. Column chromatography of the n-butanol extract followed by purification of different fractions led to the isolation of five flavonoid glycosides. The antimicrobial activities of extracts/compounds were evaluated using the broth microdilution method. The bacteriolytic activity was evaluated using the time-kill kinetic method. The effect of extracts on the red blood cells and bacterial cell membrane was determined by spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS Chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-xyloside (1), luteolin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-xylopyranoside (2), chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-xylopyranoside (3), chrysoeriol-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-(4"-hydrogeno sulfate) glucopyranoside (4) and isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) were isolated from G. grandulosum and showed different degrees of antimicrobial activities. Their antibacterial activities against multi-drug-resistant Vibrio cholerae strains were in some cases equal to, or higher than those of ciprofloxacin used as reference antibiotic. The antibacterial activities of flavonoid glycosides and chloramphenicol increased under osmotic stress (5% NaCl) whereas that of vancomycin decreased under this condition. V. cholerae suspension treated with flavonoid glycosides, showed a significant increase in the optical density at 260 nm, suggesting that nucleic acids were lost through a damaged cytoplasmic membrane. A decrease in the optical density of V. cholerae NB2 suspension treated with the isolated compounds was observed, indicating the lysis of bacterial cells. The tested samples were non-toxic to normal cells highlighting their good selectivity index. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study indicate that the purified flavonoids from G. glandulosum possess antimicrobial activities. Their mode of antibacterial activity is due to cell lysis and disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane upon membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Ngoufack Tagousop
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Jean-de-Dieu Tamokou
- Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Steve Endeguele Ekom
- Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - David Ngnokam
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Laurence Voutquenne-Nazabadioko
- Groupe Isolement et Structure, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), CNRS UMR 7312, Bat. 18 BP.1039, 51687 Reims cedex 2, France
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40
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Ng CT, Fong LY, Tan JJ, Rajab NF, Abas F, Shaari K, Chan KM, Juliana F, Yong YK. Water extract of Clinacanthus nutans leaves exhibits in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo anti-angiogenic activities in endothelial cell via suppression of cell proliferation. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18:210. [PMID: 29980198 PMCID: PMC6035421 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2270-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau. has traditionally been using in South East Asia countries to manage cancer. However, scientific evidence is generally lacking to support this traditional claim. This study aims to investigate the in vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo effects of C. nutans extracts on angiogenesis. METHODS C. nutans leaves was extracted with 50-100% ethanol or deionised water at 1% (w/v). Human umbilical veins endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation was examined using MTT assay. The in vitro anti-angiogenic effects of C. nutans were assessed using wound scratch, tube formation and transwell migration assays. The VEGF levels secreted by human oral squamous cell carcinoma (HSC-4) cell and HUVEC permeability were also measured. Besides, the rat aortic ring and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays, representing ex vivo and in vivo models, respectively, were performed. RESULTS The MTT assay revealed that water extract of C. nutans leaves exhibited the highest activity, compared to the ethanol extracts. Therefore, the water extract was chosen for subsequent experiments. C. nutans leaf extract significantly suppressed endothelial cell proliferation and migration in both absence and presence of VEGF. However, the water extract failed to suppress HUVEC transmigration, differentiation and permeability. C. nutans water extract also did not suppress HSC-4 cell-induced VEGF production. Importantly, C. nutans water extract significantly abolished the sprouting of vessels in aortic rings as well as in chick embryo CAM. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these findings reveal potential anti-angiogenic effects of C. nutans, providing new evidence for its potential application as an anti-angiogenic agent.
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Wang GY, Wen T, Liu FF, Tian HY, Chun-Lin F, Huang XJ, Ye WC, Wang Y. Two new diterpenoid lactones isolated from Andrographis paniculata. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:458-62. [PMID: 28629536 DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(17)30068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, two new diterpenoid lactones, 3-deoxy-andrographoside (1) and 14-deoxy-15-methoxy-andrographolide (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata. Their structures were elucidated by combination of NMR, MS, and chemical methods. The configurations of 1 and 2 were established based on the analysis of ROESY data and single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment.
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Abstract
Fruits of Ruellia ciliatiflora (Acanthaceae) explosively launch small (2.5 mm diameter × 0.46 mm thick), disc-shaped seeds at velocities over 15 m s-1, reaching distances of up to 7 m. Through high-speed video analysis, we observe that seeds fly with extraordinary backspin of up to 1660 Hz. By modelling the seeds as spinning discs, we show that flying with backspin is stable against gyroscopic precession. This stable backspin orientation minimizes the frontal area during flight, decreasing drag force on the seeds and thus increasing dispersal distance. From high-speed video of the seeds' flight, we experimentally determine drag forces that are 40% less than those calculated for a sphere of the same volume and density. This reduces the energy costs for seed dispersal by up to a factor of five.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Cooper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Molly A Mosher
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn M Cross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Dwight L Whitaker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA .,Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA, USA
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Boonyaketgoson S, Rukachaisirikul V, Phongpaichit S, Trisuwan K. Naphthoquinones from the leaves of Rhinacanthus nasutus having acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities. Fitoterapia 2018; 124:206-10. [PMID: 29154868 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Four new naphthoquinones (1-4), named rhinacanthins S (1), T (2), U (3) and V (4), together with 13 known naphthoquinones were isolated from the leaf extract of Rhinacanthus nasutus. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, especially 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Rhinacanthin S (1) exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity with a % inhibition value of 48.04±3.25. The known rhinacanthin A (5) showed cytotoxicity against a MCF-7 cell line with an IC50 value of 8.79μM, while rhinacanthin N (15) was active against the NCI-H187 cell line with an IC50=2.24μM and Vero cells (IC50=3.00μM).
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Zhang HJ, Rumschlag-Booms E, Guan YF, Liu KL, Wang DY, Li WF, Nguyen VH, Cuong NM, Soejarto DD, Fong HHS, Rong L. Anti-HIV diphyllin glycosides from Justicia gendarussa. Phytochemistry 2017; 136:94-100. [PMID: 28110956 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In a search for new anti-HIV active leads from over several thousands of plant extracts, we have identified a potent plant lead. The active plant is determined as Justicia gendarussa (Acanthaceae), a medicinal plant that has been used for the treatment of injury, arthritis and rheumatism in Asia including China. Our bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of the stems and barks of the plant led to the isolation of two anti-HIV compounds, justiprocumins A and B. The compounds are identified as new arylnaphthalide lignans (ANL) glycosides. We further determined that the ANL glycosides are the chemical constituents that contribute to the anti-HIV activity of this plant. Justiprocumin B displayed potent activity against a broad spectrum of HIV strains with IC50 values in the range of 15-21 nM (AZT, IC50 77-95 nM). The compound also displayed potent inhibitory activity against the NRTI (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor)-resistant isolate (HIV-11617-1) of the analogue (AZT) as well as the NNRTI (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor)-resistant isolate (HIV-1N119) of the analogue (nevaripine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Emily Rumschlag-Booms
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yi-Fu Guan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Kang-Lun Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Dong-Ying Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wan-Fei Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Van Hung Nguyen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Djaja Doel Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Harry H S Fong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Abstract
Four new lignan glycosides (1-4), named procumbenosides I, K, L, and M, together with cleistanthin B (5) reported for the first time in the genus Justicia, and 5 other known arylnaphthalene lignan glycosides (6-10) were isolated from the whole plant of Justicia procumbens. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR experiments and mass spectrometry. Procumbenoside M (4) was a rare sesquilignan glycoside never previously reported in the species of Justicia. The paper also provided insight into the conformational equilibria existing in the lignan glycosides of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 100850 , China
- b Disinfection Evaluation Research Center , Beijing Institute of Disease Prevention and Control , Beijing 100071 , China
| | - Shu Yang
- c School of Life Science , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jun-Xing Dong
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 100850 , China
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de Brum TF, Camponogara C, da Silva Jesus R, Belke BV, Piana M, Boligon AA, Pires FB, Oliveira SM, da Rosa MB, de Freitas Bauermann L. Ethnopharmacological study and topical anti-inflammatory activity of crude extract from Poikilacanthus glandulosus (Nees) Ariza leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 193:60-67. [PMID: 27484931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ethnopharmacological studies are important tools as records and documentation of the empirical uses of medicinal plants in traditional communities with the purpose of generating useful knowledge to lead to the development of new medicines, biodiversity conservation and enhancement of knowledge and local culture. Poikilacanthus glandulosus is widely used by the population of City of Santiago, in Brazil, nevertheless, it does not have any validation regarding its use and its medicinal effects. AIM The objective of this study was to perform one ethnopharmacological survey about P. glandulosus in the City of Santiago and determine the anti-inflammatory activity in order to prove its uses in popular medicine. METHODS Personal and ethnopharmacological data were collected through a prepared questionnaire. The phytochemical analysis was performed observing the individual methodology for each reaction and by HPLC-UV. The antiedematogenic and anti-inflammatory (cell infiltration and histological procedure) activities of the P. glandulosus (0.01-1000μg/ear) were evaluated in the ear edema model induced by topical application of croton oil. RESULTS P. glandulosus is known in City of Santiago as "Gaiana" and its macerated leaves and branches are prepared with alcohol or sugarcane liquor especially for insect bites, cicatrization and inflammation. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of maslinic acid (2.024±0.10mg/g), uvaol (0.124±0.02mg/g) and sitosterol (0.502±0.05mg/g). The topical application of crude extract of P. glandulosus reduced in a dose-dependent manner the croton oil-induced ear edema and myeloperoxidase activity (neutrophils infiltration marker) with maximum inhibition of 87±2% and 64±12%, respectively at 1000µg/ear. Dexamethasone (100µg/ear), used as a positive control, inhibited croton oil-induced ear edema in 89±3% and decreased myeloperoxidase activity in 50±3%. Both P. glandulosus as dexamethasone reduced cell infiltration when evaluated by histological procedure CONCLUSION: This work allowed us to understand the specie P. glandulosus through ethnopharmacological study and it showed that the crude extract presented antiedematogenic and anti-inflammatory actions, proving their traditional use as anti-inflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiele Faccim de Brum
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila Camponogara
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Roberta da Silva Jesus
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bianca Vargas Belke
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Piana
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Augusti Boligon
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Brum Pires
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Barcellos da Rosa
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Liliane de Freitas Bauermann
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi Campus, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
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Deng Y, Gao C, Xia N, Peng H. Wuacanthus ( Acanthaceae), a new Chinese endemic genus segregated from Justicia (Acanthaceae). Plant Divers 2016; 38:312-321. [PMID: 30159483 PMCID: PMC6112248 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A new genus, Wuacanthus Y.F. Deng, N.H. Xia & H. Peng (Acanthaceae), is described from the Hengduan Mountains, China. Wuacanthus is based on Wuacanthus microdontus (W.W.Sm.) Y.F. Deng, N.H. Xia & H. Peng, originally published in Justicia and then moved to Mananthes. The new genus is characterized by its shrub habit, strongly 2-lipped corolla, the 2-lobed upper lip, 3-lobed lower lip, 2 stamens, bithecous anthers, parallel thecae with two spurs at the base, 2 ovules in each locule, and the 4-seeded capsule. Phylogenetic analyses show that the new genus belongs to the Pseuderanthemum lineage in tribe Justicieae. Wuacanthus is closely related to Pseuderanthemum but differs from the latter by its shorter corolla tube and two minute spurs at the base of each anther-theca. W. microdontus is assessed with the status EN B2ab (iii) based on the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunming Gao
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta, Faculty of Life Science, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianhe Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Peng
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
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Martín-Bravo S, Daniel TF. Molecular evidence supports ancient long-distance dispersal for the amphi-Atlantic disjunction in the giant yellow shrimp plant (Barleria oenotheroides). Am J Bot 2016; 103:1103-1116. [PMID: 27313197 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Barleria is a large, pantropical genus of ca. 265 species mainly distributed in the Old World with only one species, B. oenotheroides, extending to the neotropics. This amphi-Atlantic disjunction, frequently displayed by pantropical taxa, has been traditionally explained with vicariance or geodispersal hypotheses and increasingly with long-distance dispersal. The native status of this species in the New World is controversial. METHODS A molecular phylogeographic study based on the nuclear ribosomal ITS region and plastid trnL-F, rps16, and trnS-G sequences was done to clarify the origin of this tropical intercontinental disjunction. Divergence times were estimated with various analytical approaches, including different markers and primary calibration points. KEY RESULTS Divergence ages estimated for Barleria lineages disagree with vicariance or geodispersal hypotheses. Genetic differentiation of American vs. African populations of B. oenotheroides does not support a recent anthropogenic introduction to the New World. Our data suggest ancient long-distance dispersal from the Old to the New World probably during the Pliocene or Upper Miocene. The number of dispersal events remains unclear. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the native status of Barleria in the New World, resolving one of only three presumed natural Old World-New World disjunctions at the species level among Acanthaceae. This case constitutes a further documented example of the "out-of-Africa" pattern in the family, despite their lack of documented assisted-dispersal syndromes, and highlights the importance of long-distance dispersal to explain pantropical distributions in many families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Martín-Bravo
- Botany Area, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ctra. de Utrera km 1, ES-41013, Seville, Spain Department of Botany, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118 USA
| | - Thomas F Daniel
- Department of Botany, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118 USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptic ulcer is a digestive disorder most commonly found in clinical practice. Given the many side effects of modern medicine, the initial acquisition of fewer side effects, and medication of indigenous drugs, it should be considered as a better alternative for the treatment of peptic ulcer. OBJECTIVE To assess antiulcer and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Barleria gibsoni (EBG) Dalz. leaves in ulcer-induced rats and in vitro antioxidants method, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanol EBG was screened for antiulcer activity in pylorus ligation-induced ulcer models in Wistar rats. In vitro antioxidant activity of the extracts was tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging activity. Total phenol and flavonoid content in the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS Oral administration of ethanol extract of leaves at doses of 250, 500 mg/kg p.o. reduced significant gastric lesions induced by pylorus ligation-induced ulcer as compared to standard omeprazole (20 mg/kg p.o.). The IC50 values were found to be 150 μg/mL in leaves extract. The ethanol extracts showed good antioxidant capacity in DPPH radical scavenging assay and NO radical scavenging activity when compared to standard. The total phenolic content using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent estimated in 1 mg of leaves extracts was 368 μg and 481 μg with gallic acid equivalent and also the total flavonoid content found to be 240 and 410 μg, respectively, with quercetin equivalence. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the leaves of B. gibsoni possessed antiulcer potential and antioxidant compared to standard. This is the first ever report of antiulcer and antioxidant activities in B. gibsoni (Acanthaceae). SUMMARY In vivo antiulcer and in vitro antioxidant activity of Barleria gibsoni was evaluated.Soxhelt extraction was carried out and extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical analysis. Extract obtained by Soxhlation showed higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents.EBG showed DPPH and Nitric oxide scavenging activity indicating its strong antioxidant potential.On pylorus ligation-accumulated secretions and the related ulcers confirm gastric acid output to be the basic cause of gastric ulcers. Ethanol extract of leaves attenuated the gastric volume, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index thus showing the anti-secretory mechanism.The results of the histopathological investigation of Barleria gibsoni leaves for antiulcer effects using pylorus ligation induced ulcer model in rats laid credence to traditional use of the plant leaves in ulcer treatment. The ethanol extract of leaves demonstrated increase in percentage preventive index compared to omeprazole respectively. From the present study results reveals the antiulcer activity of ethanol extract leaves which is comparable to that of Omeprazole. Abbreviations Used: EBG: Ethanol extract prepared from the leaves of B. gibsoni, ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species, DPPH: 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, NO: Nitric Oxide, IC50: The half maximal inhibitory concentration, m: mg, DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid, GAE: Gallic acid equivalence, AlCl3: Aluminium chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoj A Tamboli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harinath N More
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
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Suárez-Montes P, Tapia-López R, Núñez-Farfán J. Genetic variation at microsatellite loci in the tropical herb Aphelandra aurantiaca ( Acanthaceae). Appl Plant Sci 2015; 3:apps1500058. [PMID: 26649265 PMCID: PMC4651629 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1500058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY To assess the effect of forest fragmentation on genetic variation and population structure of Aphelandra aurantiaca (Acanthaceae), a tropical and ornamental herbaceous perennial plant, we developed the first microsatellite primers for the species. METHODS AND RESULTS Fourteen microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized from A. aurantiaca genomic libraries enriched for di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeat motifs. Polymorphism was evaluated in 107 individuals from four natural populations. Twelve out of 14 genetic markers were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 12, and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.22 to 0.96 and from 0.20 to 0.87, respectively. Fixation indices ranged from -0.41 to 0.44. CONCLUSIONS These newly developed microsatellite markers for A. aurantiaca will be useful for future population genetic studies, specifically to detect the possible loss of genetic diversity due to habitat fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Suárez-Montes
- Laboratorio de Genética Ecológica y Evolución, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-275, 04510 Distrito Federal, Mexico
| | - Rosalinda Tapia-López
- Laboratorio de Genética Ecológica y Evolución, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-275, 04510 Distrito Federal, Mexico
| | - Juan Núñez-Farfán
- Laboratorio de Genética Ecológica y Evolución, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-275, 04510 Distrito Federal, Mexico
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