1
|
Qiu L, Xu H, Li Y, Zhao Y, Yang Q. Gender differences in attitudes towards psychological help-seeking among chinese medical students: a comparative analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1314. [PMID: 38750484 PMCID: PMC11095043 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students are known to be at a greater risk of psychological disorders compared to the general population. However, their rate of help-seeking behavior is low. The purpose of this study was to explore the influencing factors of attitudes towards psychological help-seeking among Chinese medical students and to examine its gender differences. METHODS A total of 3,453 medical students from three medical colleges in Hainan Province, China, completed anonymous questionnaires that included socio-demographic attributes, the Family APGAR Index, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20), and the Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Short Form (ATSPPH-SF). Associations between predictor variables and attitudes towards help-seeking were explored using multivariate linear regression, and regression models with interaction terms were employed to test gender difference. RESULTS The mean score on ATSPPH-SF Scale was 15.04 ± 3.45, with males scoring significantly lower than females (14.34 vs. 15.64, P < 0.0001). For both male and female groups, psych knowledge, mental health status, family function and help-seeking utility perception significantly influenced attitudes toward psychological help-seeking. Furthermore, having more than once psycho-help experiences was positively correlated with women's attitudes. Significant interactions were found between gender and mental health status. CONCLUSION Attitude towards seeking psychological help was relatively negative among Chinese medical students. The implementation of interventions should take into account the at-risk population, especially the males and individuals with poor mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiu
- School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- Institute of Social Development and Health Management, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqi Li
- School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- School of Management, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yang
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baklola M, Terra M, Taha A, Elnemr M, Yaseen M, Maher A, Buzaid AH, Alenazi R, Osman Mohamed SA, Abdelhady D, El-Gilany AH. Mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviour among Egyptian undergraduates: a cross-sectional national study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:202. [PMID: 38475754 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health literacy (MHL) and help-seeking behaviors are pivotal in managing mental well-being, especially among Egyptian undergraduates. Despite the importance and prevalent psychological distress in this group, limited research has addressed MHL and associated behaviors in Egypt. This study aimed to assess the levels of MHL and help-seeking behavior among Egyptian university students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted across ten Egyptian universities during the academic year 2022-2023. A convenience sample of 1740 students was obtained through online questionnaires distributed via social media platforms. The survey comprised demographic characteristics, the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS), and the General Help Seeking Behavior Questionnaire (GHSPQ). RESULTS Among 1740 Egyptian undergraduates, medical students scored higher in recognizing disorders (p < 0.05), while non-medical students excelled in attitudes (p < 0.05). A strong correlation was observed between attitudes toward mental illness and total mental health literacy (coefficients of 0.664 and 0.657). Univariate analysis indicated a significant association with professional help-seeking (OR = 1.023). Females, individuals aged 21 or above, and non-medical students were more likely to seek mental health information (OR = 1.42, 1.82, 1.55 respectively). Help-seeking behavior for emotional problems was more inclined towards intimate partners, whereas suicidal thoughts prompted seeking professional help. CONCLUSION The findings advocate for comprehensive mental health education, particularly in rural areas, and emphasis on the role of personal relationships in mental well-being. Implementing these insights could foster improved mental health outcomes and reduce related stigma in Egypt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Terra
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Anhar Taha
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed Maher
- Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Rahaf Alenazi
- Medical intern, Buraydah central hospital, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Doaa Abdelhady
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li M, Wang H, Ko WK, Kwong SK. Factors associated with health-seeking for urinary incontinence in Hong Kong Chinese women: a cross-sectional study. Int Urogynecol J 2024; 35:95-101. [PMID: 37831414 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS To explore levels of urinary incontinence (UI) knowledge among Hong Kong Chinese women and the factors affecting patients' help-seeking behavior. METHODS Chinese women with age ≥ 40 years who attended General Out-patient Clinics between May 1 and June 30, 2022, were invited to complete the questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: (1) demographic data, (2) knowledge of UI (UI quiz), (3) severity of UI (UDI-6) and impairment of quality of life (QOL) (IIQ-7), and (4) barriers to seeking medical help. Severity of UI, impairment of QOL, knowledge of UI, and sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed regarding their relationship with help-seeking behavior. RESULTS Of 351 women, 53.2% had symptoms of UI but only 25.0% symptomatic patients had consulted a doctor. The UI quiz score was 6.82 ± 2.76 (total 14) and the highest incorrect item was "Urinary incontinence is the normal aging" (incorrect rate 86.3%). The most frequent barrier for help-seeking was "The symptoms are not severe and do not affect me." Logistic regression analysis showed that UDI-6 score (adjusted OR = 1.06, P < 0.0001) and UI quiz score (adjusted OR = 1.30, P = 0.001) were the independent impact factors of patient's help-seeking behavior. CONCLUSIONS Hong Kong Chinese women's knowledge toward UI is not sufficient, and the consultation rate is low. Besides symptom severity, the knowledge level of UI is the other independent factor affecting patients' help-seeking behavior. Community education on UI may encourage women to seek early help.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minru Li
- Department of Family Medicine & Primary Health Care in Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Huali Wang
- Department of Family Medicine & Primary Health Care in Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai-Kit Ko
- Department of Family Medicine & Primary Health Care in Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siu-Kei Kwong
- Department of Family Medicine & Primary Health Care in Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang S, Chen Z, Tang W, Andarini E, Kou L, Li Y, Cai W. Prevalence and predictors of help-seeking behavior among post-partum women with urinary incontinence in China and Indonesia: A cross-sectional survey based on Andersen Help-Seeking Model. Midwifery 2024; 128:103885. [PMID: 37984080 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent condition among post-partum women, and it can significantly affect their physical and psychosocial well-being. Therefore, it's crucial for post-partum women to discuss any UI symptoms they may be experiencing with their healthcare provider and seek appropriate treatment. PURPOSE To investigate what leads post-partum women with UI to seek help in China and Indonesia based on the Andersen Help-Seeking Model. METHODS A cross-sectional digital survey among post-partum women (6 weeks to 1 year) was conducted from May to November 2021 in China and Indonesia. The survey contents included: (1) demographic characteristics, (2) social support, (3) health care needs, (4) capacity and resources. For analysis, descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests and chi-square tests were used to determine the differences between help-seeking and non-help-seeking women with UI, and logistic regression analysis and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the predictors of heal-seeking behavior in post-partum women with UI. RESULTS The prevalence of UI was 25 % (215/868) and 31 % (187/605) among post-partum women in China and Indonesia. Among post-partum women with UI, the help-seeking rate was 46 % (98/215) and 52 % (98/187) in China and Indonesia. Incontinence quality of Life, support from women of the family (Yes), knowing the available department for UI (Yes), current knowledge of UI and the current status of UI were independent risk factors for China (P<0.05). Support from husband (Yes), being asked about UI by a doctor (Yes) and the current status of UI were independent risk factors for Indonesia. The obtained area under ROC curve (AUC) for the model were 0.884 and 0.935 in China and Indonesia. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of UI and the rate of seeking help for UI in Indonesia were higher than those in China. Social support, needs and the availability of resources and organizational support to assist patients in their help-seeking efforts, were the main predictors affecting help-seeking behavior among post-partum women with UI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surui Liang
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoying Chen
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Esti Andarini
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Kou
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wenzhi Cai
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiao YC, Chang J, Liu C, Zhou SY, Ji Y, Meng Y. Factors influencing the help-seeking behavior in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1345. [PMID: 38042819 PMCID: PMC10693691 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early diagnosis and intervention of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients is expected to delay the progression of AD. Delayed treatment will lead to MCI patients missing the best intervention expectation. At present, the medical help-seeking behavior of this group is not optimistic. This study aimed to explore influencing factors of help-seeking behavior among patients with MCI in China based on the help-seeking behavior model. METHODS Twenty-two patients with MCI were recruited to participate in semi-structured interviews via purposeful sampling with a qualitative, descriptive design. Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The study revealed the main influencing factors of help-seeking behavior among MCI patients in China included perceived disease threat, symptom attribution, disease knowledge, use of cognitive compensation strategies, sense of foreseeable burden, social support, economic condition, and accessibility of medical service. CONCLUSIONS The help-seeking behavior of patients with MCI is affected by multiple factors. There are some key factors in different stages of the help-seeking process. Healthcare providers can utilize these factors to design targeted interventions for promoting early help-seeking of patients with MCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Jiao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Chang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Yu Zhou
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Ji
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yao Meng
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma R, Wang Y, Wang XQ, Yu K, Zhang CC, Zhou YQ. Analysis of hindering and facilitating factors of help-seeking behavior in schizophrenia based on COM-B model: a descriptive qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:770. [PMID: 37867190 PMCID: PMC10591348 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely and systematic professional treatment is crucial in schizophrenia prognosis, but the global rate of mental health service, now, use or help-seeking behavior is low. METHODS In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 participants with the diagnosis of schizophrenia between October to December 2021. The participants were purposively sampled from a psychiatric hospital's. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim into NVivo 12.0. RESULTS The findings were summarized under 3 themes and 12 subthemes: (1) capability (lack of knowledge due to insufficient mental health literacy or lack of insight, inability to access disease information due to a lack of mental health literacy, and symptoms-related barriers); (2) opportunity (lack of disease information sources, inability to balance work and study during prolonged hospitalization, accessibility and convenience of medical resources, and the acquisition and utilization of social support); and (3) motivation (awareness of the disease and professional treatment, negative experiences of disease episodes, past medical experience, confidence in tcuring the disease, and the fulfillment of daily life and self-worth). CONCLUSION The medical help-seeking behavior of people with the diagnosis of schizophrenia is the result of the interaction of many barriers and facilitators, and challenges persist today. Interventions can be implemented with the BCW framework and our results to precisely eliminate delays in the diagnosis and treatment of mental problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Nursing, Fu Wai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, 451460, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Wang
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chen-Chen Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ohta R, Sano C. Rural health dialogue for the sustainability of help-seeking behaviors among older patients: grounded theory approach. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:674. [PMID: 37853372 PMCID: PMC10585832 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Help-seeking behaviors (HSBs) are essential for disease prevention and health promotion. Dialogues with peers and medical professionals can improve HSBs, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Rural communities lacking healthcare resources require effective HSBs for healthcare sustainability. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of health dialogues between medical professionals and rural citizens on their HSBs. METHODS All procedures complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The Unnan City Hospital Clinical Ethics Committee approved the study protocol (No. 20,220,002). A grounded theory approach was employed for the health dialogue participants in rural communities. Health dialogues with family physicians were conducted once a month at rural community centers. The dialogues and focus group interviews were recorded and coded to investigate changes in participants' perceptions and behaviors regarding HSBs. RESULTS Twenty-one dialogues were conducted in two rural community centers, with a total of 112 participants. The average age of the participants was 70.2 years (standard deviation = 5.4), with 24% being males. Analysis of the grounded theory approach revealed four themes, namely joy-driven dialogue driving the realization of HSBs, reflection on personal HSBs through learning from others, revising HSBs based on rural social resources, and familiarity with physicians, hence motivating safe and secure HSBs. CONCLUSIONS Mitigation of barriers between citizens and medical professionals and improvement of psychological safety in communities can drive effective HSBs in rural communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Ohta
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 96-1 Iida, Daito-cho, Unnan, 699-1221, Japan.
| | - Chiaki Sano
- Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya cho, Izumo, Shimane Prefecture, 693-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Boukpessi TB, Kpanake L, Gagnier JP. Why are African immigrants in Montreal reluctant to use mental health services?: a systematic inventory of reasons. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023:10.1007/s00127-023-02566-1. [PMID: 37805584 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research has shown that non-Caucasian immigrants in Western countries are less likely than native-born people to use mental health services. This study examined the reasons underlying reluctance to use mental health services among African immigrants in Montreal, Canada. METHODS The study participants were 280 African immigrants who had experienced symptoms suggesting depression but did not use formal mental health services. They were presented with a questionnaire that contained 65 statements referring to reasons for not using formal mental health services while experiencing those symptoms and were asked to indicate their degree of agreement with each of the statements on a scale of 0-10. Responses were then analyzed using factor analysis. RESULTS An eight-factor structure of reasons was found: "Minimizing symptoms and perceived self-efficacy" (61% of the sample), "Relying on spiritual care" (56% of the sample), "Cost and waiting time" (45% of the sample), "Influence of significant others" (34% of the sample), "Lack of cultural competence" (32% of the sample), "Fear of stigmatization" (23% of the sample), "Nature of the consultation" (10% of the sample) and "Social models" (8% of the sample). Scores on these factors were related to participants' demographics. CONCLUSION Effectively addressing the underutilization of mental health services among African immigrants requires a multifaceted approach rather than one focused on a single barrier. Our findings suggest critical points that could help develop tailored interventions to address the various barriers to care.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang D, Sun X, Zhu H, Wang H, Sun X, Wang J. Help-seeking behavior for nonsevere stress urinary incontinence among elderly women in communities, Beijing, China. Int Urogynecol J 2023; 34:2565-2572. [PMID: 37300566 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common health problem and influences women's quality of life significantly. In order to enhance health education according to a specific situation, it is essential to identify barriers to seeking help among elderly women with nonsevere SUI. The objectives were to investigate reasons for (not) seeking help for nonsevere SUI among women aged ≥60 years, and to analyze factors affecting help-seeking behavior. METHODS We enrolled 368 women aged ≥60 years with nonsevere SUI from communities. They were asked to filled out sociodemographic information, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF), Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL), and self-constructed questiones on help-seeking behavior. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the different factors between seeking group and nonseeking group. RESULTS Only 28 women (7.61%) had ever sought help from health professionals for SUI. The most frequent reason for seeking help was urine-soaked clothes (67.86%, 19 out of 28). The most frequent reason for not seeking help was that women thought it was normal (67.35%, 229 out of 340). Compared with the nonseeking group, the seeking group had higher total ICIQ-SF scores and lower total I-QOL scores. CONCLUSION Among elderly women with nonsevere SUI, the rate of seeking help was low. Lack of correct perception about the SUI kept women from doctor visits. Women who were bothered by more severe SUI and lower quality of life were more likely to seek help.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders of Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Sports medicine and rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, No.48, Xin Xi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing, China.
- Research Center of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders of Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianliu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11, Xi-Zhi-Men South Street, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
- The Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders, Beijing, China
- Research Center of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders of Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abrams M, Sheyn D, Kelley E, Hijaz A, Pope R. Correlates of health-seeking behavior for sexual dysfunction after childbirth: a cross-sectional study. Int Urogynecol J 2023; 34:1867-1876. [PMID: 36780020 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Persistent sexual dysfunction (SD) after childbirth is common, but many patients do not receive adequate care, for unknown reasons. The aim of this study is to examine correlates for health care-seeking behavior for SD within 3 years after birth. METHODS Subjects filled out an electronic survey regarding sexual function, obstetric, relationship, and demographic characteristics. The Sexual Function Questionnaire's Medical Impact Scale) as well as a number of novel, targeted survey questions were used to measure the impact of childbirth on sexual function. Patients were stratified into those without SD, and those with SD, both seeking and not seeking care. These domains were then compared in a series of univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Of 531 patients who completed the survey, 449 women (84.5%) reported some form of SD after birth. Only 16.0% of those with SD sought care for SD. Variables associated with care seeking include difficulty with perineal healing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=4.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.54-13.38), transfusion after birth (aOR=3.71, 95% CI: 1.44-9.56), current dyspareunia (aOR=3.41, 95% CI: 1.31-8.87). Factors associated with decreased probability of seeking care include children under 18 years in the home (aOR=0.61 per child, 95% CI: 0.43-0.88), number of cesarean births (aOR=0.46 per delivery, 95% CI: 0.29-0.74). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that many more women suffer from SD after childbirth than seek care, and identified several important risk factors associated with decreased care seeking. Future work should focus on decreasing the difficulty of accessing care for SD after childbirth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Abrams
- Urology Institute, Case Western Reserve University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44102, USA.
| | - David Sheyn
- Urology Institute, Case Western Reserve University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44102, USA
| | - Erika Kelley
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Case Western Reserve University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Adonis Hijaz
- Urology Institute, Case Western Reserve University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44102, USA
| | - Rachel Pope
- Urology Institute, Case Western Reserve University Hospitals, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matsui T, Taku K. Relationship between posttraumatic growth and help-seeking behavior in use of psychosocial support services among patients with cancer. J Cancer Surviv 2023:10.1007/s11764-023-01418-w. [PMID: 37464204 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01418-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer survivors who used psychosocial support services often report posttraumatic growth (PTG). This refers to positive psychological changes that may occur as the five domains as a result of the challenges they face. Opposing relationship also might exist. This study aimed to examine the relationship between PTG and help-seeking behavior (HSB). METHODS In total, 710 participants completed an online survey at Time1. Of those, 395 who reported not using any psychosocial support services at Time1 were asked to participate in the Time2 survey and completed a questionnaire. The participants provided demographic information, the experiences of using psychosocial support services, and the overall and five domains of PTG. RESULTS Those who experienced HSB at Time1 reported a higher PTG, and two of the PTG domains, Appreciation of Life and New Possibilities, than those who did not used services. Mixed ANOVAs showed the main effects of the HSB on the overall PTG, Appreciation of Life, and New Possibilities. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses showed that Appreciation of Life at Time1 was significantly related to the engaging in HSB at Time2. CONCLUSION Those who received psychosocial support services reported a higher PTG. Participants may have also engaged in HSB because they had experienced PTG. People who are likely to seek help and experience PTG may share common characteristics. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Support for those who do not fit the existing PTG and the use of psychosocial support services should also be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Matsui
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka Prefecture, Japan.
| | - Kanako Taku
- Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Maasoumi R, Sabetghadam S, Keramat A, Aghayan SS. Help-seeking challenges for female sexual concerns: a qualitative study from Iran. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:713. [PMID: 37386632 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To effectively manage sexual health, people must have access to sexual health services. A small percentage of women with sexual concerns seek professional help. Hence, the need to explain the help-seeking challenges is felt from the perspective of women and health care providers. METHODS This study explored Iranian women's challenges when seeking help for sexual concerns. Using a purposive sampling method, 26 in-depth interviews were conducted in Rasht in 2019-2020. The participants included sexually active women of reproductive age over 18 years old and 8 health care providers. The recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed through content analysis. RESULTS From the description of 17 subthemes provided by the participants, two main themes were achieved, "Unfavorable sexuality development context" and "Inefficient sexual health services." CONCLUSIONS According to the results, it is suggested that policymakers pay more attention to the challenges women and health care providers face in help-seeking and promote sexuality education and sexual health services to achieve a higher level of help-seeking among women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Maasoumi
- Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Sabetghadam
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Shahroud, Iran.
- Reproductive Health research center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Afsaneh Keramat
- Department of Reproductive health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahrokh Aghayan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Borch-Johnsen L, Andrés-Jensen L, Folke F, Espersen MM, Amstrup SL, Frederiksen MS, Gjaerde LK, Hjelvang BR, Kristoffersen MJ, Lundby-Christensen L, Schrøder M, Spangenberg KB, Lund S, Cortes D. Development of video tutorials to help parents manage children with acute illnesses using a modified Delphi method. Acta Paediatr 2023. [PMID: 37129464 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Children often fall sick, which causes concern among parents. Online health information can be confusing and difficult to understand. We aimed to produce simple, informative video tutorials on the symptoms ill children present. METHODS We used a modified Delphi method to produce video tutorials on the symptoms fever, vomiting & diarrhea, abdominal pain, breathing difficulties, sore throat, red eyes, earache, and rash. We identified the most common symptoms in acutely ill children. During the first consensus round, experts rated statements on out-of-hospital management from existing health information. Video tutorials were produced from statements rated to be included. Second consensus involved video showings and editing. Two videos were evaluated in focus groups by parents. RESULTS During the first round, experts rated median 79 (40-154) statements for each symptom. Panels consisted of median seven (6-11) experts, primarily. Panels reached consensus on inclusion, neutral, or exclusion in 83% of statements. Second round led to adjustments to the videos and final approval by experts. Most parents evaluated the videos as "informative, easy to understand, and calming". CONCLUSION We produced video tutorials on the common symptoms ill children present using a modified Delphi method. Feedback from parents in focus groups was positive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Borch-Johnsen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Emergency Medical Services Capital Region, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Andrés-Jensen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - F Folke
- Emergency Medical Services Capital Region, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | - S L Amstrup
- Region Headquarter, Capital Region of, Denmark
| | - M S Frederiksen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L K Gjaerde
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B R Hjelvang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - M J Kristoffersen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - L Lundby-Christensen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Naestved, Slagelse and Ringsted, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - M Schrøder
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K B Spangenberg
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital- North Zealand, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - S Lund
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - D Cortes
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Emergency Medical Services Capital Region, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yonemoto N, Kawashima Y. Help-seeking behaviors for mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:85-100. [PMID: 36435398 PMCID: PMC9684094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, the nature of communication has changed dramatically owing to lockdowns and the need for social distancing with ongoing outbreaks. As a result, patient's help-seeking behavior for mental health may have changed. We summarized the research on help-seeking behavior for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic and investigated changes that have occurred. METHODS This study was a systematic review. We searched four literature databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CHINAHL, and PsycINFO. We included the following in the review: 1) studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, and 2) studies that dealt with help-seeking behavior for mental health. Eligible studies were summarized according to characteristics such as research participants and study type. RESULTS In total, 41 studies (38 observational studies 2 qualitative studies and 1 randomized trial) were eligible for the review. Most studies reported delays, decreases, or deficits in help-seeking behavior. The study participants included medical professionals, local residents, hospitals, children and adolescents, online participants, pregnant women, people who experienced intimate partner violence, those with eating disorders, and other individuals. LIMITATIONS Findings from observational studies may have bias as confounder. Meta-analysis could not be performed, because the studies had variations of design. CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, delay in seeking help from mental health services may have resulted in lost opportunities to link patients with appropriate treatment and care. The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing as of 2022. Therefore, it is important to examine the impact of the pandemic on mental health in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Yonemoto
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Kawashima
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Clinical Psychology Course, Department of Psycho-Social Studies, School of Arts and Letters, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yamauchi T, Shimazaki T, Yanagisawa H, Suka M. Formal and informal help-seeking intentions/behaviors among students and workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. Environ Health Prev Med 2023; 28:53. [PMID: 37743523 PMCID: PMC10519802 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.23-00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Students and workers have been subjected to increased levels of psychological distress due to the quarantine policy and containment measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review aimed to present an overview of published evidence regarding formal and informal help-seeking intentions/behaviors for non-mental health-related issues as well as mental health-related issues among students and workers during the pandemic. METHODS In June 2022, we searched MEDLINE, APA PsycNet, and CINAHL for articles reporting the state of help-seeking intentions/behaviors among students and workers during the pandemic. Peer-reviewed original articles published in English were selected. RESULTS In total, 150 articles were identified, and 12 articles were selected for final analysis after removing articles that met the exclusion criteria. Three studies targeted university students, and nine targeted healthcare workers. Study settings were restricted to Western countries and China. Of the 12 studies, 11 were observational and predominantly cross-sectional studies. Two longitudinal studies using student samples suggested that university students became more reluctant to seek help from both formal and informal sources during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before, despite the increased need for support during the pandemic. Among healthcare workers, the proportions of those who sought help from formal sources in person were low (7-26%), even among those with mental health issues, despite the increase in the need for mental health services. One randomized controlled study reported that a brief video-based intervention increased treatment-seeking intentions among healthcare workers in the intervention group compared with the non-intervention group. CONCLUSIONS The present review revealed that, although most studies included in the final analysis were cross-sectional, intentions/behaviors to seek help from both formal and informal sources decreased among university students, even those with mental health issues. Among healthcare workers, while the frequency of help-seeking from formal sources in person was low, a brief online intervention was suggested to be useful for promoting help-seeking from formal sources. During public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, system and infrastructure development of online help-seeking services could potentially promote formal and informal help-seeking intentions/behaviors for diverse issues, including non-mental health-related issues, among university students and healthcare workers/providers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamauchi
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimazaki
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yanagisawa
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Machi Suka
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jerant A, Duberstein PR, Kravitz RL, Kleiman EM, Rizvi SL, Cipri C, Liu D, Scher L, Freitas M, Jones-Hill M, Oravetz A, Van Orden KA, Franks P. Ethical and methodological challenges slowing progress in primary care-based suicide prevention: Illustrations from a randomized controlled trial and guidance for future research. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 154:242-51. [PMID: 35961180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the pressing need for primary care-based suicide prevention initiatives and growing acknowledgement of recruitment difficulties and Institutional Review Board (IRB) challenges in suicide research, we are aware of no illustrative examples describing how IRB decisions in the design of a primary care trial can compound recruitment challenges. METHODS The CDC-funded trial (NCT02986113) of Men and Providers Preventing Suicide aimed to examine the effects of a tailored computer program encourage men with suicidal thoughts (n = 304, ages 35-64) to discuss suicide with a primary care clinician and accept treatment. Before a visit, participants viewed MAPS or a non-tailored control video. Post-visit, both arms were offered telephone collaborative care, as mandated by the institutional review board (IRB). We previously showed that exposure to MAPs led to improvements in communication about suicide in a primary care visit. In this paper, we report data on the study's primary outcome, suicide preparatory behaviors. RESULTS After screening nearly 4100 men, 48 enrolled. Recruitment challenges, which were exacerabted by an IRB mandate narrowing post-intervention patient management differences between trial arms, limited detection of the effects of MAPS on suicide preparatory behaviors. CONCLUSIONS While primary care settings are key sites for suicide prevention trials, issues such as recruitment difficulties and overly restrictive IRB requirements may limit their utility. Methodological innovation to improve recruitment and ethical guidance to inform IRB decision-making are needed.
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee JI, Wu CY, Huang W, Lee MB, Chan CT, Chen CY. Prevalence of bullying victimization and its association with self-perceived health, psychopathology, and suicidality: A nationwide population-based survey in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:2416-2423. [PMID: 36031488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of bullying victimization (BV) and its association with psychopathology and suicidality in a nationwide general population. METHODS The target population were all the people living in Taiwan, the study samples were obtained by the following processes. A computer-assisted telephone interview was performed to identify potential respondents using telephone numbers selected with the stratified proportional randomization method. Self-reported data were evaluated. Moreover, data obtained using the validated Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5) and Concise Mental Health Checklist (CMHC) were used to evaluate psychopathological symptoms and overall suicidal risks, respectively. Results were further analyzed using the chi-square tests and logistic regression model. RESULTS In total, 1930 respondents from a national general population survey were included in the analysis. The weighted prevalence of lifetime BV in the general population was 13.5%. Based on the chi-square analysis, individuals exposed to BV were at high risk for psychopathology (a BSRS-5 score of ≥6 (x2 = 45.5, P ≤ .001) and high BSRS-5 scores for all five items). Bullying exposure was significantly associated with lifetime suicide ideation and suicide attempt (x2 = 85.7, P ≤ .001; x2 = 17.0, P ≤ .001, respectively). The help-seeking behavior of respondents exposed to bullying did not differ significantly (x2 = 4.6, P = .327). CONCLUSION Bullying exposure is associated with recent psychopathology and lifetime suicidality. Multifactorial interactive processes contribute to long-term harmful health implications in adulthood. Nevertheless, further research on the relevant mechanisms associated with bullying and potential interventions that can decrease morbidity must be conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-In Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Wu
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taiwan
| | - William Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shin-Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Been Lee
- Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Shin-Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ta Chan
- Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Shin-Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Adams C, Gringart E, Strobel N. Explaining adults' mental health help-seeking through the lens of the theory of planned behavior: a scoping review. Syst Rev 2022; 11:160. [PMID: 35945633 PMCID: PMC9361557 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite evidence-based efficacy, mental health services are underutilized due to low rates of help-seeking, leaving unmet mental health needs a global concern. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has been applied to understand the help-seeking process and in the development of behavior change interventions. The aim of this scoping review was to map the literature on the TPB as applied to mental health help-seeking in adults aged >18 years. METHODS This scoping review was conducted based on the methodology presented by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). Six databases (CINAHL, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, ProQuest Health and Medicine, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Web of Science) and two grey literature sources (OpenGrey, Google Scholar) were systematically searched in February 2018 and updated in March 2020. Studies that explicitly discussed the TPB in the context of mental health help-seeking were initially selected; only studies that explored formal help-seeking for mental health problems and were published in English were retained. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS Initially, 8898 records were identified. Of these, 49 met the selection criteria and were included: 32 were journal articles and 17 were theses. Forty-three papers reported on non-intervention studies and seven articles reported on TPB-based interventions. Most studies (n = 39) identified predictors of help-seeking intentions. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of intentions in 35 and 34 studies, respectively. Subjective norms were a significant predictor of intentions in 23 studies. Few studies aimed to predict help-seeking behavior (n = 8). Intentions and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of behavior in seven and six studies, respectively. Only six TPB-based interventions were identified, all used digital technology to influence help-seeking, with mixed results. CONCLUSIONS The present scoping review identified a considerable evidence base on the TPB for predicting mental health help-seeking intentions. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control were frequently found to be significant predictors of help-seeking intentions. Knowledge on the TPB for predicting mental health help-seeking behavior, and on TPB-based interventions, is limited. Thus, the role of the TPB in developing help-seeking interventions remains unclear. Recommendations are presented to address such research gaps and inform policy and practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Adams
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, Western Australia, 6027, Australia. .,Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, 2 Bradford Street, Mount Lawley, Western Australia, 6050, Australia.
| | - Eyal Gringart
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
| | - Natalie Strobel
- Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, 2 Bradford Street, Mount Lawley, Western Australia, 6050, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim C, Ahmed O, Park CHK, Chung S. Validation of the Korean Version of the Coronavirus Reassurance-Seeking Behaviors Scale During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:411-417. [PMID: 35589103 PMCID: PMC9233953 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to develop a Korean version of the Coronavirus Reassurance-Seeking Behaviors Scale (CRBS) and to explore its reliability and validity among the general population in South Korea. METHODS Using an online survey conducted during November 9-15, 2021, we collected the demographic data of 400 individuals and their responses to rating scales such as the CRBS, the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 items (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9). We conducted factor analyses and utilized item response theory to confirm the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the CRBS. RESULTS Factor analyses revealed that the single factor model of the Korean version of the CRBS showed a good fit with the CRBS (χ2=5.475, df=5, p value=0.361, χ2/df=1.095, CFI=0.999, TLI=0.998, RMSEA=0.015). Multigroup CFA results indicated that the CRBS measures reassurance-seeking behaviors consistently across variables of sex, depression, general anxiety, and viral anxiety. The CRBS also exhibited good convergent validity with the SAVE-6 (r=0.431, p<0.001), GAD-7 (r=0.574, p<0.001), and PHQ-9 (r=0.575, p<0.001). CONCLUSION The CRBS is a reliable and valid rating scale that measures reassurance-seeking behavior in relation to viral epidemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changnam Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Oli Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.,National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - C Hyung Keun Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Saab MM, O'Driscoll M, FitzGerald S, Sahm LJ, Leahy-Warren P, Noonan B, Kilty C, Lyons N, Burns HE, Kennedy U, Lyng Á, Hegarty J. Primary healthcare professionals' perspectives on patient help-seeking for lung cancer warning signs and symptoms: a qualitative study. BMC Prim Care 2022; 23:119. [PMID: 35585504 PMCID: PMC9114293 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01730-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Prompt patient help-seeking for signs and symptoms suggestive of lung cancer is crucial for early referral, diagnosis, and survivorship. However, individuals with potential lung cancer symptoms tend to delay help-seeking. This qualitative study explored perceived barriers to patient help-seeking and strategies to enhance help-seeking for lung cancer warning signs and symptoms from the perspective of primary healthcare professionals. METHODS Semi-structured focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with 36 primary healthcare professionals. Data were collected via videoconferencing. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS The following two themes were created from the data: (i) perceived barriers to patient help-seeking for signs and symptoms of concern and (ii) facilitating early patient presentation for signs and symptoms of concern. Some participants believed that the high cost of a general practitioner visit, long waiting times, and previous bad experiences with the healthcare system would deter patients from seeking help for symptoms of lung cancer. Perceived patient-related barriers to help-seeking related to the different emotions associated with a potential cancer diagnosis as well as stigma, embarrassment, and guilt felt by smokers. Sociodemographic factors such as drug use, homelessness, living in rural areas, and being male and older were also perceived to impede patient help-seeking. The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer help-seeking also featured strongly. Participants recommended several strategies to enable patients to seek help for symptoms of concern including targeted educational campaigns focussing on symptoms (e.g., cough) rather than behaviours (e.g., smoking), accessible and free health services, and using patients' support networks. CONCLUSIONS Patient-related and healthcare system-related barriers to help-seeking for lung cancer warning signs and symptoms include cost of healthcare, cancer fear, and various sociodemographic factors. Participants suggested that increased awareness and early patient help-seeking for symptoms of concern could be achieved through targeted patient education, national campaigns, the use of community support networks, and free and accessible targeted screening services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M Saab
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, College Road, T12 AK54, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Michelle O'Driscoll
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, College Road, T12 AK54, Cork, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Serena FitzGerald
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, College Road, T12 AK54, Cork, Ireland
| | - Laura J Sahm
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Patricia Leahy-Warren
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, College Road, T12 AK54, Cork, Ireland
| | - Brendan Noonan
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, College Road, T12 AK54, Cork, Ireland
| | - Caroline Kilty
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, College Road, T12 AK54, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noreen Lyons
- Rapid Access Lung Clinic, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Heather E Burns
- National Cancer Control Programme, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Una Kennedy
- National Cancer Control Programme, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Áine Lyng
- National Cancer Control Programme, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Josephine Hegarty
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, College Road, T12 AK54, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Saint Arnault D, Zonp Z. Understanding help-seeking barriers after Gender-Based Violence: Validation of the Barriers to Help Seeking-Trauma version (BHS-TR). Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2022; 37:1-9. [PMID: 35337432 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It is a devastating and tragic estimate that 35% of women worldwide have experienced either physical or sexual violence at some point in their lives (United Nations, 2015) (referred to hereafter as Gender-Based Violence, or GBV). While most research focuses on reducing violence, understanding power and control in families, and evaluating services, this study focuses on overcoming trauma recovery barriers. We document the development and psychometric properties of the development of the Barriers to Help Seeking for Trauma Scale (BHS-TR) scale conducted with 309 GBV survivors. EFA and CFA confirmed a 7-factor solution that explained 68.4% of the variance, with an alpha reliability of 0.87. Factors were Shame, Frozen/Confused, Problem Management beliefs, Unavailable, Financial Concerns, Discrimination, and Constraints. Convergent validity was found with Sense of Coherence (SOC) and Beliefs about Mental Illness (BMI), and external validity was found with all the subscales and depression/PTSD except Problem Management beliefs. Cluster analysis was used to confirm that the barriers factors grouped into Internal and External Barrier dimensions. Regression showed that BMI predicted 24% of External Barriers variance, and SOC predicted 20% of the variance of the Internal barriers. Implications include the need to understand the breadth of help-seeking survivors engage in, differentiate the varieties of barriers from shame and stigma, and work with survivors "where they are" to address perceived barriers.
Collapse
|
22
|
Junus A, Yip PSF. Suicide risk profile and the social convoy: Population-level patterns of the young generation's help-seeking behavior and implications for suicide prevention. J Affect Disord 2022; 297:559-569. [PMID: 34715165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support network offers a large potential in augmenting suicide prevention efforts tailored for the young generation (YG), but has so far been largely overlooked in population health studies. Key issues that remain scarcely understood include the composition of the YG's activated support network when they faced psychological distress, along with the prevalence and suicide risk profile associated with these patterns. METHODS Using data from three consecutive population-representative surveys (2018-2020) on help-seeking behaviors of the YG living in Hong Kong, we first conducted latent class analysis to derive the YG's help-seeking patterns. Next, we conducted multinomial logistic regression to identify unique factors associated with each pattern and multiple logistic regressions for suicide risk indicators to examine risk levels associated with each pattern. RESULTS Analyses revealed 4 underlying patterns of help-seeking behaviors among the study population. Each pattern was consistently associated with a distinct suicide risk profile based on constituents' level of distress and history of suicide risk behaviors. Severity of suicide risk increased as individuals increased the activation radius of their social convoy, and this increase was more pronounced when individuals extended the radius beyond their inner circle. Individuals whose activated inner circle consisted of family members in addition to just friends & partner had lower suicide risks. CONCLUSIONS Social support networks hold much potential in augmenting suicide prevention efforts tailored for the general young population. Such efforts may be directed at empowering the inner circle of their convoy, given its predominance for the YG to seek help from.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Junus
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Paul Siu Fai Yip
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bordin IA, Handegård BH, Paula CS. Professional and informal help-seeking among low-income adolescents exposed to violence in the community and at school. Child Abuse Negl 2022; 123:105382. [PMID: 34763186 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents may seek help for many reasons beyond health needs, such as personal stress due to violence exposure. OBJECTIVE To investigate factors associated with receiving professional assistance and informal help due to violence exposure in the community and at school. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING This study was conducted in Itaboraí, a low-income medium-size city in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil, characterized by poverty, inequality and violence. It analyses data reported by 669 in-school adolescents (11-15-years, 51.7% girls). METHODS This is a cross-sectional study nested in a longitudinal study (Itaboraí Youth Study). The Itaboraí Youth Study involved a probabilistic community-based sample of 1409 6-to-15-year-olds based on a 3-stage probabilistic sampling plan that included a random selection of census units, eligible households and the target child. RESULTS Professional assistance was mainly received from psychologists (the Brazilian population has free access to health services). Family members were the main source of informal help. Correlates of professional assistance were having clinical emotional problems and not counting on an adult (if needing help) for community violence victims, and absent father for community and school violence victims. Correlates of informal help were female sex, maternal anxiety/depression and absent father for community violence victims, and younger age and higher maternal education for school violence victims. CONCLUSIONS The mental health needs of violence victims, and maternal difficulties to deal with the adolescent distress resulting from violence exposure (maternal increased burden due to father absence and/or having anxiety/depression) are important influences on the help-seeking process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I A Bordin
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Department of Psychiatry, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - B H Handegård
- University of Tromsø, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tromsø, Troms, Norway
| | - C S Paula
- Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wahab S, Shah NE, Sivachandran S, Shahruddin I, Ismail NNS, Mohan LD, Kamaluddin MR, Nawi AM. Attitude Towards Suicide and Help-Seeking Behavior Among Medical Undergraduates in a Malaysian University. Acad Psychiatry 2021; 45:672-680. [PMID: 34342844 PMCID: PMC8664790 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-021-01513-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The attitude of medical personnel towards suicide may influence the outcome of suicidal-patients management. This study aimed to determine the attitudes of medical undergraduates towards suicide and its association with their help-seeking behavior. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 290 medical undergraduates was conducted in a Malaysian university. The questionnaires on the attitude towards suicide and general help-seeking behavior were used as research instruments. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 22.4 years. Participants who did psychiatry posting indicated a greater tendency to agree on suicide as a way of communication (p = 0.008) than those who did not. Participants previously diagnosed with a psychiatric illness indicated a greater ability to understand and accept suicide (p < 0.001) as well as a greater tendency to agree on the normality of suicide (p = 0.019) than those without a previous diagnosis. Those who attended a suicide prevention program also indicated a greater tendency to agree that loneliness and avoidance could be triggers to suicide (p = 0.037) than those who did not. No correlation was found between the "attitude towards suicide" and "general help-seeking behavior" variable. CONCLUSION Education programs in suicide prevention and management need to be incorporated early into the undergraduate medical curriculum to cultivate a more positive attitude towards suicide and help-seeking behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzaily Wahab
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nicholas Elam Shah
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Izzati Shahruddin
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rim SJ, Jo M, Lee JH, Park S. Analyzing Untreated Alcohol Use Disorder and Factors Related to Help-Seeking Status. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:936-942. [PMID: 34619821 PMCID: PMC8542744 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a global burden but is also one of the most undertreated mental disorders. This study estimates the treatment rate (i.e., help-seeking status) of high-risk drinkers and factors associated with not receiving treatment in Korea using nationally representative National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) data. METHODS Among 1,025,340 participants, we eliminated those under 20 and those who did not respond to the question regarding alcohol consumption. High-risk drinkers were classified based on their frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption (4 or more drinks for women, 5 or more drinks for men per day on average). In total, 32,225 high-risk drinkers were checked for an actual AUD diagnosis to see their treatment-seeking status. RESULTS Among 32,225 high-risk drinkers, only 1.24% had an AUD diagnosis, showing that over 98% of those who could be diagnosed with AUD are not seeking treatment. Factors associated with not seeking treatment were female sex, BMI higher or equal to 18.6, former smoker, middle-aged, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). CONCLUSION Our data show that many high-risk drinkers do not seek treatment in Korea. Experts, policymakers, and clinicians should promote help-seeking behavior for AUD and pay close attention to those at risk of not receiving treatment for AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Rim
- Department of Research Planning, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyung Jo
- Department of Research Planning, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun H Lee
- National Center for Disaster and Trauma, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Park
- Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ferrara M, Guloksuz S, Mathis WS, Li F, Lin IH, Syed S, Gallagher K, Shah J, Kline E, Tek C, Keshavan M, Srihari VH. First help-seeking attempt before and after psychosis onset: measures of delay and aversive pathways to care. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:1359-1369. [PMID: 33948678 PMCID: PMC8319102 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Delay in receiving effective treatment for psychosis adversely impacts outcomes. We investigated the timing of the first help-seeking attempt in individuals with recent onset non-affective psychosis by comparing those who sought help during the prodrome to those who sought help after psychosis onset across sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, overall functioning, and occurrence of aversive events during their pathways to care. METHODS Patients were admitted from February 1st, 2014 to January 31st, 2019 to the Program for Specialized Treatment Early in Psychosis (STEP) in New Haven, CT. Psychosis-onset date was ascertained using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes. Key dates before and after psychosis onset, along with initiators and aversive events, were collected via semi-structured interview. RESULTS Within 168 individuals, 82% had their first help-seeking episode after psychosis onset and did not differ in terms of sociodemographic characteristics from prodrome help seekers. When the first help-seeking episode started before (i.e., during prodrome) vs after psychosis onset it was mostly initiated by patients vs family members (Cramer's V = 0.23, p = 0.031) and led to a faster prescription of an antipsychotic once full-blown psychosis emerged (time to antipsychotic since psychosis onset = 21 vs 56 days, p = 0.03). No difference in aversive events before STEP enrollment was detected across groups. CONCLUSION Help seeking during the prodrome is associated with faster initiation of antipsychotic treatment and is more likely to be self-initiated, compared to help seeking after psychosis onset. Early detection efforts that target prodromal samples may improve the length and experience of pathways to care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ferrara
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Program for Specialized Treatment Early in Psychosis (STEP), Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
| | - Sinan Guloksuz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, MHeNs, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Walter S Mathis
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program for Specialized Treatment Early in Psychosis (STEP), Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Fangyong Li
- Center for Science and Social Science Information, YCAS Yale University, PO Box 208111, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - I-Hsin Lin
- Center for Science and Social Science Information, YCAS Yale University, PO Box 208111, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Sumaiyah Syed
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program for Specialized Treatment Early in Psychosis (STEP), Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Keith Gallagher
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program for Specialized Treatment Early in Psychosis (STEP), Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Jai Shah
- PEPP-Montreal, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emily Kline
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cenk Tek
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matcheri Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vinod H Srihari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program for Specialized Treatment Early in Psychosis (STEP), Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ohta R, Sato M, Ryu Y, Kitayuguchi J, Maeno T, Sano C. What resources do elderly people choose for managing their symptoms? Clarification of rural older people's choices of help-seeking behaviors in Japan. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:640. [PMID: 34217269 PMCID: PMC8254357 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Appropriate help-seeking behavior (HSB) that involves lay and professional care may moderate the usage of medical resources and promote good health, especially among the rural elderly. However, there is little evidence regarding the rural elderly’s HSB choices for mild symptoms. Therefore, this study attempts to bridge this gap. Methods The participants were patients living in rural areas and over the age of 65, who attended Japanese clinics and general hospitals. In Phase 1, monthly diaries and one-on-one interviews about their mild symptoms and HSB were used to establish HSB items and assess its content validity. Content analysis helped determine the items. In Phase 2, participants were asked to complete the list to measure HSB. The answers to the list and HSB mentioned in the diaries were compared to evaluate concurrent validity. Retests were conducted to examine the content’s reliability and test-retest reliability. Results Phase 1 included 267 participants (average age = 75.1 years, standard deviation [SD] = 4.3; 50.1% male). The diary collection rate was 97.6%. Of the participants, 70.4% used lay care and 25.4% used professional care. Content analysis identified eight types of lay care and four types of professional care. Phase 2 included 315 participants (average age = 77.7 years, SD = 8.27; 46.0% male). In terms of validity, the results of the list and the diaries were correlated (Spearman r 0.704; p < 0.001). The most common behavior with mild symptoms was consulting with primary care physicians, followed by self-care and using home medicine. The test-retest reliability for mild symptoms found kappa values of 0.836 for lay care and 0.808 for professional care. Conclusions The choices of HSB for mild symptoms clarified identified in this study have high validity and reliability. Therefore, it can be used to assess the relationships between HSB and health conditions and the effectiveness of health promotion on rural older people’s HSB. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06684-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Ohta
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 96-1 Iida Daito-cho, Unnan City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. .,Department of Primary Care and Medical Education, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Mikiya Sato
- Health Services Development and Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Health Services Center, Occupational Safety and Health Department, Human Resources Group, Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ryu
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 96-1 Iida Daito-cho, Unnan City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan
| | - Jun Kitayuguchi
- Physical Education and Medicine Research Center Unnan, Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Maeno
- Health Services Development and Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sano
- Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya cho, Izumo, Shimane Prefecture, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Keizer E, Senn O, Christensen MB, Huibers L. Use of acute care services by adults with a migrant background: a secondary analysis of a EurOOHnet survey. BMC Fam Pract 2021; 22:119. [PMID: 34148558 PMCID: PMC8215801 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01460-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High demands create pressure on acute care services, such as emergency medical services (EMS), emergency departments (ED) and out-of-hours primary care (OOH-PC) services. A variety of patient- and organisational factors have been discussed as reasons why especially non-western migrants more frequently contact an ED or OOH-PC service than native born. We aim to investigate whether persons with a non-western and western migrant background more often contact an acute care service than native born and how this relates to the number of contacts with their general practitioners (GPs). In addition, we aim to explore how possible differences in acute care use by migrants can be explained. METHODS We performed secondary analysis of data collected for the EurOOHnet survey on OOH help-seeking behaviour in Denmark, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Differences in self-reported acute care use (sum of number of contacts with OOH-PC, the ED and 1-1-2/1-4-4) between non-western and western migrants and native born were tested with a quasi Poisson regression analysis. Mediation analyses were performed to examine the impact of factors related to help-seeking on the relation between self-reported acute care use and migrant background. RESULTS Non-western migrants had more acute care contacts than native born (adjusted IRR 1.74, 95% CI 1.33-2.25), whereas no differences were found between western migrants and native born. Migrants who regularly contacted OOH-PC or the ED also regularly contacted their GP. Mediation analyses showed that the factors employment, anxiety, attitude towards use of OOH-PC and problems in accessing the own GP could partly explain the higher acute care use of non-western migrants. CONCLUSION The higher use of acute care services by non-western migrants compared with native born could partly be explained by feeling fewer barriers to contact these services, feeling more anxiety, more unemployment and problems making an appointment with the GP. Increasing awareness and improving GP access could help migrants in navigating the healthcare system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Keizer
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland.
| | - Oliver Senn
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | | | - Linda Huibers
- Research Unit for General Practice, Bartholins Alle 2, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Getaneh Mekonen E, Kassie Tesema A, Shetie Workneh B, Wolde M, Yigzaw Muluneh N. Perceived cause and determinants of help-seeking behavior of schizophrenia among Gondar Zuria district residents, Northwest Ethiopia. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07212. [PMID: 34159271 PMCID: PMC8203707 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cause of schizophrenia could be a genetic predisposition, environment, viral infections, exposure to poison substances, living in a highly-populated area, and prenatal exposure to hunger mainly in the first three months. Evidence showed that the perceived cause of schizophrenia is supernatural, biological, spiritual, and social causes. Studies in Ethiopia showed that most of the general population perceived the causes of schizophrenia as traditional and the help they seek ranges to medical, religious, and social. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess perceived cause and determinants of help-seeking behavior of schizophrenia among Gondar Zuria district residents, 2020. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 3 to 25, 2020. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select 435 study participants. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview, entered into EPI DATA version 3, and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors significantly associated with help-seeking behavior for schizophrenia. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05 with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS Nearly two-thirds (63.8%), the majority (90.8%), and more than half (52.5%) of the participants seek medical, religious, and social help for schizophrenia respectively. Being student (AOR = 3.43; 95% CI: 1.44, 8.15), unemployed (AOR = 4.87; 95% CI: 1.4, 16.40), perceived biological cause (AOR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.89), perceived religious cause (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.80), and perceived social cause (AOR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.29, 3.25) were significantly associated with medical help seeking. Attending primary school (AOR = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.76), employed (AOR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.64), perceived religious cause (AOR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.06, 5.11) were significantly associated with religious help. Being in the age group of 18-24 years (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1.33, 9.18) and 25-44 years (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.68) were significantly associated with social intervention. CONCLUSION Nearly two-thirds, the majority, and more than half of the respondents seek medical, religious, and social help for schizophrenia respectively. Being student, unemployed, perceived biological case, and perceived social cause increases the odds of seeking medical help while perceived religious cause decreases it. Being unemployed, attending primary school decreases the odds of seeking religious help whereas perceived religious cause increases it. Young adults have higher odds of social help-seeking behavior. It is better to create awareness for the community and consider integrating religious and social interventions into medical interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enyew Getaneh Mekonen
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Department of Surgical Nursing, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ayenew Kassie Tesema
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Belayneh Shetie Workneh
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Maereg Wolde
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Niguse Yigzaw Muluneh
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Gondar, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hiddink-Til A, Teunissen TAM, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Trends in victim, incident and care characteristics of a Dutch sexual assault center. J Forensic Leg Med 2021; 81:102183. [PMID: 34120033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, one in three women have experienced sexual violence, causing various physical and mental health problems such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder and medically unexplained symptoms. Much has changed in the last decade. The use of the Internet, smartphones and apps has increased enormously, sexual violence is discussed more and more openly in the media. These changes have provided a platform for victims of sexual violence which has profoundly influenced the disclosing process and the victims' help-seeking behavior. Nevertheless, the question remains whether the number of victims seeking help from a professional institution has gone up. Therefore, our study aims to investigate if there have been changes in victim, incident and care characteristics among victims of a Dutch Center for Sexual Violence. We used data of victims attending the center between 2013 and 2020, including registered police file registrations instead of victim's reporting statements. Victims were divided into a cohort of early years (2013-2016) and recent years (2017-2020). In 2017-2020, a total of 270 victims attended the center compared to 83 victims in 2013-2016. The percentage of self-referrers increased from 10% to 30% in recent years; the use of psychotropic drugs among victims decreased from 24% to 11%; and more victims were willing to receive psychosocial follow-up care (64% versus 79%). The percentage of male victims remains low at approximately 5% of all victims in both cohorts. Background characteristics such as age and mental disability have hardly changed between 2013 and 2020. The proportion of known perpetrators remains high with approximately 80% in both cohorts, and the proportion of perpetrators who met victims on the Internet remains unchanged with approximately 6% in both cohorts. To improve our understanding of the influence of societal changes on help-seeking behavior, the monitoring of victim, incident and care characteristics remains crucial in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Hiddink-Til
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Gender and Women's Health, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - T A M Teunissen
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Gender and Women's Health, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - A L M Lagro-Janssen
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Gender and Women's Health, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Do R, Lee S, Kim JS, Cho M, Shin H, Jang M, Shin MS. Effectiveness and dissemination of computer-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depressed adolescents: Effective and accessible to whom? J Affect Disord 2021; 282:885-893. [PMID: 33601732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a Computer-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CCBT) and identify the characteristics of depressed adolescents that participated in the CCBT program. METHODS Screening tests for depression and help-seeking variables were conducted in school-aged Korean adolescents (n= 376, mean age=15.71 years, 53.7% female). The number of adolescents that scored above the threshold for mild depression (PHQ-9, CES-D) was 139. Fifty adolescents agreed to participate in the randomized controlled trial (RCT) of CCBT program. Twenty-five adolescents were randomly assigned to the treatment group, and the other 25 to the waitlist control group. The treatment group engaged in CCBT with therapeutic support. To identify variables affecting the outcomes, the quality of their homework compliance also was assessed. RESULTS Participants (n=50) who agreed to participate in the CCBT program demonstrated different help-seeking attitudes - a greater recognition of the need for help and lower interpersonal openness - compared to the adolescents (n=87) who did not participate (t = -2.93, p < .01; t = 3.50, p < .001). The treatment group showed significant improvements in depression, self-esteem, and quality of life compared to the waitlist group. Adolescents with high homework compliance showed a significant decrease in the depression scores compared to adolescents with low homework compliance. LIMITATIONS Small sample size, no follow-up assessments. CONCLUSION CCBT could be an effective alternative for depressed adolescents, especially those who tend to have low interpersonal openness. To improve the effects of CCBT, therapeutic support needs to be provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryemi Do
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Songyi Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Soo Kim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Cho
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbyul Shin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirae Jang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sup Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine whether gender differences exist in associations among central barriers to and facilitators of eating disorder (ED) help-seeking-ED stigma, negative affect, perceived ED treatment need-as a function of individuals' probability of classification within empirically derived groups characterized by different dietary restraint patterns. METHOD As part of the cross-sectional, multi-institute Healthy Bodies Study, women (n = 2215) and men (n = 986) attending three colleges and universities in 2015 completed measures of ED symptoms, affect, and ED help-seeking in an online survey. Structural equation mixture modeling was used to (1) classify women and men, separately, into distinct classes characterized by unique dietary restraint patterns and (2) test associations among the three ED help-seeking barriers and facilitators within each class. RESULTS Five dietary restraint symptoms (food amount limiting attempts, fasting, food avoidance, following food/diet rules, desiring an empty stomach) clustered within four classes among women and three classes among men, which were characterized by qualitative and quantitative similarities and differences. Further, opposite patterns were generally found in associations among the ED help-seeking barriers and facilitators for women versus men as a function of the way dietary restraint symptoms clustered within each class. For example, bivariate associations between worse ED stigma and negative affect relative to greater perceived ED treatment need were both significant only among women in their lowest restraint severity class, whereas these associations were both significant among men in their highest severity class. DISCUSSION These findings can help to increase the reach of ED intervention efforts, including increasing ED help-seeking rates. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Romano
- The Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, 555 Park Avenue, Norfolk, VA, 23504, USA.
- Old Dominion University, 250 Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA.
| | - Sarah K Lipson
- Department of Health Law Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Leung WCY, Lau EHY, Kwan P, Chang RSK. Impact of COVID-19 on seizure-related emergency attendances and hospital admissions - A territory-wide observational study. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 115:107497. [PMID: 33317939 PMCID: PMC7505596 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This is a territory-wide study to investigate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on Accident and Emergency Department (A&E) attendances and acute ward admissions for seizures. Adult patients who presented to the A&E with seizures from January 23, 2020 to March 24, 2020 (study period) were included and compared with parallel intervals from 2015 to 2019 (control periods). Preexisting time trend in control periods and potential changes during COVID-19 were analyzed by Poisson, negative and logistic regression models. Accident and Emergency Department attendances and ward admissions for seizures decreased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 319 and 230 recorded ward admissions and A&E attendances for seizures were identified during the study period in 2020, compared with 494 and 343 per annum, respectively in the control periods. The ratio of acute ward admission per A&E attendance for seizures did not change significantly. Intensive care utility and mortality rates remained stable. For some patients, delaying medical attention due to fear of nosocomial COVID-19 cross-infection may lead to severe or even life-threatening consequences. This change in medical help-seeking behavior calls for new medical care models to meet the service gap. Education to patients with epilepsy and their caregivers is of utmost importance during this pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William C Y Leung
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Eric H Y Lau
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neurosciences, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Shek-Kwan Chang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Morgan AJ, Fischer JAA, Hart LM, Kelly CM, Kitchener BA, Reavley NJ, Yap MBH, Jorm AF. Long-term effects of Youth Mental Health First Aid training: randomized controlled trial with 3-year follow-up. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:487. [PMID: 33023513 PMCID: PMC7542136 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training teaches community members how to provide initial support to someone with a mental health problem. Key gaps in the evidence base supporting the training are the longevity of effects beyond 6 months, effects on mental health first aid behavior, and the impact of support on the recipient of aid. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the Youth MHFA course 3 years after training. METHODS 384 Australian parents of an adolescent aged 12-15 were randomized to receive either the 14-h Youth MHFA course or the 15-h Australian Red Cross Provide First Aid course. This paper reports outcomes at baseline and 3 years later. Primary outcomes were cases of adolescent mental health problems, and parental support towards their adolescent if they developed a mental health problem, rated by the parent and adolescent. Secondary outcomes included parent knowledge about youth mental health problems, intentions and confidence in supporting a young person, stigmatizing attitudes, and help-seeking for mental health problems. Data were analyzed with mixed-effects models with group by measurement occasion interactions. RESULTS 3-year follow-up data was obtained from 149 parents and 118 adolescents, who were aged 16.5 years on average. Between baseline and 3-year follow-up, there was a non-significant reduction in adolescent cases of mental health problems relative to the control group (odds ratios (OR) 0.16-0.17), a non-significant improvement in parental support reported by adolescents with a mental health problem (OR 2.80-4.31), and a non-significant improvement in the quality of support that parents reported providing to their adolescents with a mental health problem (d = 0.38). Secondary outcomes that showed significant improvements relative to the control group were parental knowledge about youth mental health problems (d = 0.31) and adolescent perceptions of general social support from their parents (d = 0.35). CONCLUSIONS This paper reports on the longest follow-up of Mental Health First Aid training in a controlled trial. Three years after training, participants had maintained their improved knowledge about mental health problems. There were some indications of other positive effects, but the study was underpowered to clearly show benefits to mental health first aid skills and recipients of aid. TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN 12612000390886 , registered retrospectively 5/4/2012, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=347502.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Morgan
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Julie-Anne A Fischer
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Laura M Hart
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Betty A Kitchener
- Mental Health First Aid Australia, Parkville, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Nicola J Reavley
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Marie B H Yap
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Anthony F Jorm
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cai Q, Feng H, Huang J, Wang M, Wang Q, Lu X, Xie Y, Wang X, Liu Z, Hou B, Ouyang K, Pan J, Li Q, Fu B, Deng Y, Liu Y. The mental health of frontline and non-frontline medical workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: A case-control study. J Affect Disord 2020; 275:210-215. [PMID: 32734910 PMCID: PMC7329671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease with high transmissibility and morbidity. It has caused substantial mental distress to medical professionals. We aimed to compare the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak between frontline and non-frontline medical workers in China. METHODS This case-control study recruited 1173 frontline and 1173 age- and sex-matched non-frontline medical workers during the COVID-19 outbreak (February 11 to 26, 2020). A set of online questionnaires were used to measure mental problems (i.e., anxiety, insomnia, and depressive symptoms), and help-seeking behavior and treatment for these mental problems. RESULTS Frontline medical workers had higher rates of any mental problem (52.6% vs. 34.0%, adjusted OR=1.88, 95% CI=1.57-2.25), anxiety symptoms (15.7% vs. 7.4%, adjusted OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.46-2.61), depressed mood (marginally insignificant; 14.3% vs. 10.1%, adjusted OR=1.32, 95% CI=0.99-1.76) and insomnia (47.8% vs. 29.1%, adjusted OR=1.96, 95% CI=1.63-2.36) than non-frontline medical workers. No significant difference was observed in terms of suicidal ideation (12.0% vs. 9.0%, adjusted OR=1.25, 95% CI=0.92-1.71), help-seeking (4.5% vs. 4.5%, adjusted OR=1.00, 95% CI=0.53-1.87) or treatment (3.4% vs. 2.3%, adjusted OR=1.38, 95% CI=0.54-3.52) for mental problems. LIMITATIONS The case-control nature of the data precludes causal inferences, and there is a possibility of bias related to self-reports. CONCLUSIONS Frontline medical workers had more mental problems but comparable help-seeking behaviors and treatment for these problems than non-frontline medical workers. These findings highlight the timely mental support and intervention for medical workers, especially for those on the frontline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cai
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hongliang Feng
- Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Meiyao Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qunfeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China; Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuanzhen Lu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Botong Hou
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Keni Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiaogan hospital affiliated to Wuhan university of science and technology, Xiaogan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third people's hospital of Hubei province Affiliated to Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Beibei Fu
- Department of Neurology, Shiyan people's hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, ShiYan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yongchao Deng
- Department of Neurology, The second people's hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Biyik I, Usturali Mut AN, Albayrak M, Kucuk B, Koras O, Keskin F, Demirci H. Effect of health literacy on help-seeking behavior: A comparison of patients accepting surgery and refusing surgery for urinary incontinence. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2020; 50:101908. [PMID: 32920179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2020.101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) To compare the health literacy (HL) of the adult females with SUI complaints in terms of their acceptance or non-acceptance of surgery. METHODS In this cohort study, the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU- Q47) scores as a measure of health literacy were compared among the two groups of patients who accepted to undergo surgery for SUI and the ones who did not. Demographic features, weight and BMI values, comorbidity, menopausal status, duration and type of UI, socioeconomic characteristics (marital status, educational level, level of income) and HLS-EU- Q47 survey results of the two groups were compared. We also investigated the reasons regarding the acceptance or refusal of SUI surgery. RESULTS Among the patients who were offered surgery 474% accepted to undergo operation. Total HLS-EU-Q47 score was 30.04 in the group of patients who accepted surgery and 23.46 in the group who refused surgery. The patients that refused surgery had more often insufficient health literacy level (p=0.001). An excellent health literacy level was higher for patients who agreed to anti-incontinence surgery (p=0.021). CONCLUSIONS Health literacy score of patients with urinary incontinence (UI) who refused surgery was lower than those who accepted surgery. Acceptance of surgery may be increased by providing more understandable and clear information, especially for women with lower HL levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Biyik
- Kütahya Health Sciences University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kütahya, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Nur Usturali Mut
- Ankara University Medical School, Public Health Department, Division of Epidemiology, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Albayrak
- Florence Nightingale Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Bilgen Kucuk
- University of Health Sciences Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, Turkey.
| | - Omer Koras
- Mustafakemalpasa State Hospital, Department of Urology, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Keskin
- Mustafakemalpasa State Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Demirci
- University of Health Sciences Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kawakami N, Fukasawa M, Sakata K, Suzuki R, Tomita H, Nemoto H, Yasumura S, Yabe H, Horikoshi N, Umeda M, Suzuki Y, Shimoda H, Tachimori H, Takeshima T, Bromet EJ. Onset and remission of common mental disorders among adults living in temporary housing for three years after the triple disaster in Northeast Japan: comparisons with the general population. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1271. [PMID: 32819348 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09378-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People living in temporary housing for long periods after a disaster are at risk of poor mental health. This study investigated the post-disaster incidence and remission of common mental disorders among adults living in temporary housing for the 3 years following the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Methods Three years after the disaster, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 1089 adult residents living in temporary housing in the disaster area, i.e., the shelter group, and a random sample of 852 community residents from non-disaster areas of East Japan. The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to diagnose DSM-IV mood, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders. Information on demographic variables and disaster experiences was also collected. Results Response rates were 49 and 46% for the shelter group and the community residents, respectively. The incidence of mood/anxiety disorder in the shelter group was elevated only in the first year post-disaster compared to that of the general population. The rate of remission for mood and anxiety disorders was significantly lower in the shelter group than in the community residents. The proportion seeking medical treatment was higher in the shelter group. Conclusions The onset of common mental disorders increased in the first year, but then levelled off in the following years among residents in temporary housing after the disaster. Remission from incident post-disaster mental disorders was slower in the shelter group than in the general population. Post-disaster mental health service could consider the greater incidence in the first year and prolonged remission of mental disorders among survivors with a long-term stay in temporary housing after a disaster.
Collapse
|
38
|
Markova V, Sandal GM, Pallesen S. Immigration, acculturation, and preferred help-seeking sources for depression: comparison of five ethnic groups. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:648. [PMID: 32652988 PMCID: PMC7353801 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immigrants are more likely than the majority population to have unmet needs for public mental health services. This study aims to understand potential ethnic differences in preferred help-seeking sources for depression in Norway, and how such preferences relate to acculturation orientation. Methods A convenience sample of immigrants from Russia (n = 164), Poland (n = 127), Pakistan (n = 128), and Somalia (n = 114), and Norwegian students (n = 250) completed a survey. The sample was recruited from social media platforms, emails, and direct contact. The survey consisted of a vignette describing a moderately depressed person. Respondents were asked to provide advice to the person by completing a modified version of the General Help-Seeking Questionnaire. The immigrant sample also responded to questions about acculturation orientation using the Vancouver Index of Acculturation Scale. Results Significant differences were found in the endorsement of traditional (e.g., religious leader), informal (e.g., family), and semiformal (e.g., internet forum) help-sources between immigrant groups, and between immigrant groups and the Norwegian respondent group. Immigrants from Pakistan and Somalia endorsed traditional help sources to a greater extent than immigrants from Russia and Poland, and the Norwegian student sample. There were no ethnic differences in endorsement of formal mental help sources (e.g., a medical doctor). Maintenance of the culture of origin as the acculturation orientation was associated with preferences for traditional and informal help sources, while the adoption of mainstream culture was associated with semiformal and formal help-seeking sources. Conclusion Ethnic differences in help-seeking sources need to be considered when designing and implementing mental health services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Markova
- Department of Pulmonology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Gro M Sandal
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark Campus, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Halladay J, Bennett K, Weist M, Boyle M, Manion I, Campo M, Georgiades K. Teacher-student relationships and mental health help seeking behaviors among elementary and secondary students in Ontario Canada. J Sch Psychol 2020; 81:1-10. [PMID: 32711720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined associations between teacher-student relationship quality at school and teachers' responsiveness to students' emotional concerns in a classroom and (a) students' intention to seek help at school for mental health concerns and (b) mental health-related service use. Data for analyses came from the School Mental Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey of 31,120 grade 6-12 students, in 1968 classrooms, attending 248 schools in Ontario, Canada. Three-level (student, classroom, school) binary logistic regression was used to address the study objectives. Student ratings of the quality of teacher-student relationships and teachers' responsiveness were included as predictors, both at the individual student level and aggregated to represent a contextual level characteristic at the school and classroom level, respectively. At the student level, both teacher-student relationship quality and teacher responsiveness were positively associated with intentions to seek help at school among both elementary and secondary students (ORs ranged from 1.14-1.19 for relationships and 1.06-1.08 for responsiveness). Aggregated to the school level, teacher-student relationship quality was positively associated with mental health service use for secondary students (OR = 1.36, 95% CI [1.10, 1.69]). Positive and responsive teacher-student relationships were associated with help-seeking behaviors among students. Longitudinal studies are warranted to disentangle the temporality of these associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Halladay
- Department of Health Research, Methods, Evidence, and Impact at McMaster University, Canada
| | - Kathryn Bennett
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact and Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences at McMaster University, Offord Centre for Child Studies, Canada
| | - Mark Weist
- Department of Psychology at the University of South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael Boyle
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact and Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences at McMaster University, Offord Centre for Child Studies, Canada
| | - Ian Manion
- Youth Research Unit at The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research and the School of Psychology at the University of Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Katholiki Georgiades
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact and Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences at McMaster University, Offord Centre for Child Studies, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gamst-Jensen H, Frischknecht Christensen E, Lippert F, Folke F, Egerod I, Huibers L, Brabrand M, Tolstrup JS, Thygesen LC. Self-rated worry is associated with hospital admission in out-of-hours telephone triage - a prospective cohort study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2020; 28:53. [PMID: 32522240 PMCID: PMC7288501 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-020-00743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Telephone triage manages patient flow in acute care, but a lack of visual cues and vague descriptions of symptoms challenges clinical decision making. We aim to investigate the association between the caller’s subjective perception of illness severity expressed as “degree-of-worry” (DOW) and hospital admissions within 48 h. Design and setting A prospective cohort study was performed from January 24th to February 9th, 2017 at the Medical Helpline 1813 (MH1813) in Copenhagen, Denmark. The MH1813 is a primary care out-of-hours service. Participants Of 38,787 calls received at the MH1813, 11,338 met the inclusion criteria (caller being patient or close friend/relative and agreement to participate). Participants rated their DOW on a 5-point scale (1 = minimum worry, 5 = maximum worry) before talking to a call handler. Main outcome measure Information on hospitalization within 48 h after the call, was obtained from the Danish National Patient Register. The association was assessed using logistic regression in three models: 1) crude, 2) age-and-gender adjusted and 3) age, gender, co-morbidity, reason for calling and caller status adjusted. Results A total of 581 participants (5.1%) were admitted to the hospital, of whom 170 (11.3%) presented with a maximum DOW, with a crude odds ratio (OR) for hospitalization of 6.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.9 to 9.6) compared to minimum DOW. Estimates showed dose-response relationship between DOW and hospitalization. In the fully adjusted model, the ORs decreased to 3.1 (95%CI 2.0 to 5.0) for DOW = 5, 3.2 (2.0 to 5.0) for DOW = 4, 1.6 (1.0 to 2.6) for DOW = 3 and 0.8 (0.5 to 1.4) for DOW = 2 compared to minimum DOW. Conclusion Patients’ self-assessment of illness severity as DOW was associated with subsequent hospital admission. Further, it may be beneficial in supporting clinical decision making in telephone triage. Finally, it might be useful as a measure to facilitate patient participation in the triage process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hejdi Gamst-Jensen
- Emergency Medical Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Clinical Research Centre, Amager and Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Erika Frischknecht Christensen
- Clinic of Internal and Emergency Medicine and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Center for Prehospital and Emergency Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Freddy Lippert
- Emergency Medical Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fredrik Folke
- Emergency Medical Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Egerod
- Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mikkel Brabrand
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | | | - Lau Caspar Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Adachi H, Yamamura A, Nakamura-Taira N, Tanimukai H, Fujino R, Kudo T, Hirai K. Factors that influence psychiatric help-seeking behavior in Japanese university students. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 51:102058. [PMID: 32294584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the periods from symptom onset to the first visit to the psychiatric consultation and the factors that influence psychiatric help-seeking behavior in university students. Students who first visited the psychiatric department of university health care center were the study participants. We surveyed the elicited information such as age, sex, period from symptom onset to the first visit, main symptoms, General Health Questionnaire GHQ-12, and perception of stigma associated with receiving a psychiatric consultation. We analyzed the factors affecting the duration until a psychiatric consultation was made using logistic regression analysis, examining age, sex, contents of the problem, GHQ-12, and stigma as independent variables. Of the participants, 48.2 % did not consult with a psychiatrist for more than 6 months and 51 participants (36.7 %) took more than a year before a consultation. We divided the study participants into two groups: early examinees and delayed examinees. In order to investigate the factors affecting the two groups, logistic regression analysis was performed. Of the independent variables, one consultation content (physical symptoms; odds ratio (OR) = 9.21, 95 % CI (confidence interval) = 2.00-42.62, p = 0.004) and the GHQ-12 (OR = 1.17, 95 % CI = 1.05-1.31, p = 0.005) were significant factors. It became clear that physical symptoms significantly accelerated consultation with psychiatry. When various problems occurred, the decision to seek a psychiatry consultation required a long time. Health education focusing on the values of seeking an early consultation is required so that when students have mental health problems they will seek psychiatric services in a timely manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Adachi
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Asayo Yamamura
- Faculty of Music, Kyoto City University of Arts, 13-6 Kutsukake-cho, Oe, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 610-1197, Japan; Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nanako Nakamura-Taira
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Chuo University, 742-1 Higashinakano, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 192-0393, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tanimukai
- Faculty of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawaharacho, Syogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryohei Fujino
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kei Hirai
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Do R, Park JR, Lee SY, Cho MJ, Kim JS, Shin MS. Adolescents' Attitudes and Intentions toward Help-Seeking and Computer-Based Treatment for Depression. Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:728-736. [PMID: 31550876 PMCID: PMC6801318 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.07.17.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many depressed adolescents do not seek professional help despite there being evidence-based treatments for depression, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or computer-based therapy. To increase professional help-seeking behavior in depressed adolescents, it is necessary to positively change help-seeking attitudes. This study aimed to explore the effect of sub-groups of help-seeking attitudes, gender, and depression level on adolescents' help-seeking intentions and their perceptions of computer-based psychotherapy. METHODS Participants were 246 adolescents aged 13-18 years recruited from six middle and high schools in South Korea. Measures were self-administered questionnaires, and included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale, the Intention to Seek Counseling Inventory, Preferences for Depression Treatment, and the Perceptions of Computerized Therapy Questionnaire. RESULTS Help-seeking intentions were positively related with female gender and the recognition of the need for help. A higher level of confidence in therapists was related to high preference for computer-based therapy and face-to-face therapy. Adolescents with more severe depression were more likely to prefer pharmacotherapy. The perceptions of computer-based therapy were more positive in male adolescents, and in adolescents with a higher level of confidence in therapists yet a lower level of interpersonal openness. CONCLUSION To promote adolescents' help-seeking behavior, improvement of the recognition of the need for help is required, especially among male adolescents. Computer-based therapy provides an alternative for male adolescents with high confidence in therapists yet low interpersonal openness. Consideration of the help-seeking attitudes and gender is needed when providing therapeutic intervention to depressed adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryemi Do
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Ri Park
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Yi Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Cho
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Soo Kim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sup Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kisala PA, Tulsky DS, Boulton AJ, Heinemann AW, Victorson D, Sherer M, Sander AM, Chiaravalloti N, Carlozzi NE, Hanks R. Development and Psychometric Characteristics of the TBI-QOL Independence Item Bank and Short Form and the TBI-QOL Asking for Help Scale. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 101:33-42. [PMID: 31473207 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2019.08.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an item response theory (IRT)-calibrated, patient-reported outcome measure of subjective independence for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN Large-scale item calibration field testing; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and graded response model IRT analyses. SETTING Five TBI Model System centers across the United States. PARTICIPANTS Adults with complicated mild, moderate, or severe TBI (N=556). OUTCOME MEASURES Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) Independence item bank and the TBI-QOL Asking for Help scale. RESULTS A total of 556 individuals completed 44 items in the Independence item pool. Initial factor analyses indicated that items related to the idea of "asking for help" were measuring a different construct from other items in the pool. These 9 items were set aside. Twenty-two other items were removed because of bimodal distributions and/or low item-total correlations. CFA supported unidimensionality of the remaining Independence items. Graded response model IRT analysis was used to estimate slopes and thresholds for the final 13 Independence items. An 8-item fixed-length short form was also developed. The 9 Asking for Help items were analyzed separately. One misfitting item was deleted, and the final 8 items became a fixed-length IRT-calibrated scale. Reliability was high for both measures. CONCLUSIONS The IRT-calibrated TBI-QOL Independence item bank and short form and TBI-QOL Asking for Help scale may be used to measure important issues for individuals with TBI in research and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Kisala
- Center for Health Assessment Research and Translation, University of Delaware College of Health Sciences, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - David S Tulsky
- Center for Health Assessment Research and Translation, University of Delaware College of Health Sciences, Newark, Delaware, United States; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States; Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States.
| | - Aaron J Boulton
- Center for Health Assessment Research and Translation, University of Delaware College of Health Sciences, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Allen W Heinemann
- Center for Rehabilitation Outcomes Research, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States; Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - David Victorson
- Center for Rehabilitation Outcomes Research, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States; Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Mark Sherer
- Brain Injury Research Center, TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, Texas, United States; Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Angelle M Sander
- Brain Injury Research Center, TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, Texas, United States; Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | | | - Noelle E Carlozzi
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Robin Hanks
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tuliao AP, Mullet ND, Hawkins LG, Holyoak D, Weerts M, Gudenrath T. Examining the role of a brief online alcohol use risk feedback on accessing information about available treatment resources for alcohol issues. Addict Behav 2019; 96:164-70. [PMID: 31102881 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests college-aged young adults are hesitant to seek treatment for alcohol use disorder and highlights barriers contributing to a gap in treatment utilization. One barrier to treatment utilization is the lack of information about available treatment resources. Motivated by the literature on web-based screening and brief interventions (eSBIs), the current study examined whether providing a brief online feedback of one's alcohol use risk severity will make college students more likely to access information about available treatment options for alcohol-related issues. College students (N = 724) who responded to the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (Babor, Higgins-Biddle, Saunders, & Monteiro, 2001) were randomly assigned to receive a brief online feedback on their alcohol use risk or to a no-feedback condition. Overall, only 20% of all participants opted to view available treatment services for alcohol issues. Participants in the feedback group (15%) were significantly less likely to view information for available services compared to the no-feedback group (24%). A significant feedback condition x stigma interaction effect was found, such that those with average and high stigma towards substance use scores were less likely to view treatment information when provided feedback. Without a thorough discussion of individual risks and without the safeguards against psychological reactance present in eSBIs, providing college students with brief online feedback about their alcohol use risk severity made them less likely to access information concerning available on-campus mental health resources for alcohol issues. On the other hand, improving help-seeking attitudes could help increase treatment utilization.
Collapse
|
45
|
Sun L, Zhang J. Factors associated with help-seeking behavior among medically serious attempters aged 15-54 years in rural China. Psychiatry Res 2019; 274:36-41. [PMID: 30780060 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing help-seeking behavior was one of the effective methods for suicide prevention. However, help-seeking behavior was less explored in rural China. In this study, we aimed to analyze the factors which were associated with help-seeking behavior among medically serious suicide attempters in rural China. Subjects were 791 medically serious suicide attempters aged 15-54 years in rural China. A face-to-face interview was conducted to evaluate the age, gender, education years, marital status, occupation, religious belief, living alone, physical disease, pesticide at home, family suicide history, negative life events, social support, impulsivity, mental disorder, prior suicide act, suicide intent and suicide method for the attempters. The results supported that there were 29.2% of attempters seek help before suicide behavior, and factors that male (OR = 1.45), experiencing negative life events (OR = 1.12), impulsivity (OR = 1.05), suicide intent (OR = 0.92) and suicide by pesticide (OR = 0.68) were associated with increased help-seeking behavior. It is helpful for us to understanding the features of suicide attempters who do not seek help before suicide behavior, and we also should pay more attention on people with these factors in Chinese suicide prevention.
Collapse
|
46
|
Morgan AJ, Fischer JAA, Hart LM, Kelly CM, Kitchener BA, Reavley NJ, Yap MBH, Cvetkovski S, Jorm AF. Does Mental Health First Aid training improve the mental health of aid recipients? The training for parents of teenagers randomised controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:99. [PMID: 30917811 PMCID: PMC6437895 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is well-established evidence that Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training improves knowledge about how to support someone developing a mental health problem, but less evidence that this support improves the mental health of the recipient of aid. This randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the long-term effects of MHFA training of parents on the mental health of their adolescent children. METHODS 384 Australian parents of an adolescent aged 12-15 were randomised to receive either the 14-h Youth MHFA course or the 15-h Australian Red Cross Provide First Aid course. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up in both parents and adolescents. Primary outcomes were cases of adolescent mental health problems, and parental support towards their adolescent if they developed a mental health problem, rated by the parent and adolescent. Secondary outcomes included parent knowledge about mental health problems, intentions and confidence in supporting a young person, stigmatizing attitudes, and help-seeking for mental health problems. RESULTS Parent and adolescent reports showed no significant difference between training groups in the proportion of cases of adolescents with a mental health problem over time (ps > .05). There was also no significant difference between training groups in the quality of parental support provided to their adolescent at 1- or 2-year follow-up (ps > .05). In contrast, some secondary outcomes showed benefits from the Youth MHFA training relative to the control, with increased parental knowledge about mental health problems at 1-year (d = 0.43) and 2-year follow-up (d = 0.26), and increased confidence to help a young person (d = 0.26) and intentions to provide effective support (d = 0.22) at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The study showed some improvements in mental health literacy in training recipients, but could not detect changes in the mental health of adolescents and the support provided to them by their parents if they had a mental health problem. However, there was a lack of power to detect primary outcome effects and therefore the question of whether MHFA training leads to better outcomes in the recipients of aid remains to be further explored. TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN12612000390886 , registered retrospectively 5/4/2012.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy J. Morgan
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Julie-Anne A. Fischer
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Laura M. Hart
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia ,0000 0001 2342 0938grid.1018.8School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Betty A. Kitchener
- Mental Health First Aid Australia, Parkville, Australia ,0000 0001 0526 7079grid.1021.2Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Nicola J. Reavley
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Marie B. H. Yap
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia ,0000 0004 1936 7857grid.1002.3School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Stefan Cvetkovski
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia ,0000 0001 2163 3550grid.1017.7Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony F. Jorm
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pongvongsa T, Nonaka D, Iwagami M, Soundala P, Khattignavong P, Xangsayarath P, Nishimoto F, Kobayashi J, Hongvanthon B, Brey PT, Kano S. Malaria among foreign migrant workers in Savannakhet Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic. Trop Med Health 2019; 47:10. [PMID: 30700969 PMCID: PMC6346530 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-019-0140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although mobile and migrant populations are considered an important group in malaria elimination settings, there is currently a lack of understanding about foreign migrant workers in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). The present study aimed to document the migration characteristics, positive rate of malaria infection, and preventive and treatment-seeking behavior for malaria among foreign migrant workers in the malaria-endemic districts of Savannakhet province, Lao PDR. Methods A community-based survey was undertaken in four districts of Savannakhet province between February and June, 2015. Questionnaire-based interviews and blood examinations, including rapid diagnostic tests and PCR assays, were conducted with 391 migrant workers who were registered at local police departments. Results Most of the study participants were men (75.7%) and Vietnamese (92.6%). The median age (interquartile range) was 31 (25 to 41) years old. Most common occupation was factory worker (47.6%), followed by trader/shopkeeper (21.5%) and plantation worker/farmer (16.4%). The median length of stay (interquartile range) in the districts was 405 (183 to 1207) days. The majority of the participants (85.9%) had not worked in a province other than the study province, nor had the majority (92.6%) worked in a foreign country other than the Lao PDR. Although most of the participants (62.7%) reportedly used a bed net daily, these nets were mostly conventional untreated ones. No one tested positive for malaria. However, 10.0% of the participants reported a malaria-like illness episode that had occurred in the Lao PDR. The most common measure taken for the episode was to visit a hospital/health center in the Lao PDR, followed by conducting self-medication alone. Forty-one participants reported an experience of working in the forest while living in the Lao PDR. Conclusions Foreign migrant workers who are registered at local police departments are unlikely to play a major role in maintaining local transmissions and spreading drug-resistant malaria in the study province. However, some of them were involved in forest-related activities, suggesting that these workers are potentially at risk of malaria. The Lao National Malaria Control Program should educate foreign migrant workers about the risk of malaria when living in Lao PDR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiengkham Pongvongsa
- Savannakhet Provincial Health Department, Phonsavangnuea village, Kaysone-Phomvihan district, Savannakhet, Lao PDR.,SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
| | - Daisuke Nonaka
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,3Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, 903-0215 Japan
| | - Moritoshi Iwagami
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,4Department of Tropical Medicine and Malaria, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655 Japan.,5Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Sisattanak district, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
| | - Pheovaly Soundala
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,5Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Sisattanak district, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
| | - Phonepadith Khattignavong
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,5Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Sisattanak district, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
| | - Phonepadith Xangsayarath
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,6National Center for Laboratory and Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Sisattanak district, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
| | - Futoshi Nishimoto
- 7Graduate School of International Health Development, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Jun Kobayashi
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,3Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, 903-0215 Japan
| | - Bouasy Hongvanthon
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,8Center of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Ministry of Health, Sisattanak district, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
| | - Paul T Brey
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,5Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Sisattanak district, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR
| | - Shigeyuki Kano
- SATREPS Project for Parasitic Diseases, Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.,4Department of Tropical Medicine and Malaria, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Keizer E, Christensen MB, Carlsen AH, Smits M, Wensing M, Senn O, Huibers L. Factors related to out-of-hours help-seeking for acute health problems: a survey study using case scenarios. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:33. [PMID: 30621741 PMCID: PMC6323727 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The acute out-of-hours healthcare services are challenged by increasing demand in many countries. We aimed to examine factors influencing the intended help-seeking in out-of-hours care for acute health problems during evenings, nights, and weekends. Methods We conducted a survey study based on data from parents of children (aged 0–4 years) and adults (aged 30–39 and 50–59 years) in Denmark, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Intended help-seeking behaviour was measured by six hypothetical case scenarios. We used Andersen’s Behavioural Model to categorise potentially influential factors and applied multiple binomial regression to assess the influence of selected factors. Results A total of 1015 parents and 2942 adults participated. We identified several significant influential factors. Parents holding a low education (OR 1.56), having migrant background (western: OR 1.23; non-western: OR 1.93), having one child (OR 1.24), perceiving few barriers to using out-of-hours primary care (OR 1.59), perceiving difficulties with organising childcare (OR 1.13), and having a history of frequent contacts with out-of-hours care (OR 1.55) were more inclined to contact out-of-hours care, whereas female (OR 0.85) and non-anxious parents (OR 0.77) were less inclined. Adults who were older (OR 1.01), holding a medical education (OR 1.13), having non-western background (OR 1.28), being unemployed (OR 1.17), perceiving few barriers to using out-of-hours primary care (OR 1.37), and having a history of frequent contacts with a GP (few: OR 1.15; more: OR 1.22) and/or with out-of-hours care (one: OR 1.20; more: OR 1.49) were more inclined to contact out-of-hours care, whereas adults with no or little social support (OR 0.84) and adults with high health literacy level on health information (OR 0.91) were less inclined. Dutch parents were less inclined than Danish parents to contact out-of-hours care (OR 0.62), whereas Swiss adults were more inclined than Danish adults to contact out-of-hours care (OR 1.16). Conclusion We identified several factors related to intended help-seeking in out-of-hours care. These results could be used to develop targeted interventions, but more research is needed to examine the underlying explanations for the identified differences. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6332-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Keizer
- Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. .,Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Anders Helles Carlsen
- Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus, Bartholins Alle 2, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marleen Smits
- Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Michel Wensing
- Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Oliver Senn
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Linda Huibers
- Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus, Bartholins Alle 2, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Timmerman MEW, Trzpis M, Broens PMA. The problem of defecation disorders in children is underestimated and easily goes unrecognized: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Pediatr 2019; 178:33-39. [PMID: 30264351 PMCID: PMC6311181 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-018-3243-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to study constipation and fecal incontinence in terms of prevalence, recognizing the disorders, help-seeking behavior, and associated symptoms. In this cross-sectional study, 240 children (8 to 18 years) from the general Dutch population completed a questionnaire about defecation disorders. After exclusions for anorectal/pelvic surgery or comorbidities, we analyzed 212 children. The prevalence of constipation was 15.6%; in a quarter of the cases, it co-occurred with fecal incontinence. We found 3% fecal incontinence without constipation. Even though children with a defecation disorder rated their bowel habits worse compared to children without defecation disorders (P < 0.001), 46% constipated children and 67% fecally incontinent children rated their bowel habits as good or very good. Moreover, 21 to 50% of children with a defecation disorder did not mention their symptoms to anybody. Interestingly, most constipated children had "normal" stool frequencies (64%) and consistencies (49%).Conclusion: The prevalence of constipation and fecal incontinence is quite high in children. Stool frequency and consistency is normal in half the constipated children, which may complicate the recognition of constipation. Finally, a considerable number of children does not recognize their disorders as constituting a problem and does not seek help, which leads to an underestimation of these disorders. What is Known: • Constipation and fecal incontinence are common in children, but their prevalence rates may be underestimated due to a variety of reasons. • Diagnosing these disorders remains challenging owing to the variety of symptoms and co-existence with other diseases. What is New: • The prevalence of constipation and fecal incontinence in children is high. • Many children do not recognize their defecation disorders as constituting a problem and do not seek help, which leads to an underestimation of the problem of these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolijn E. W. Timmerman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30 001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Monika Trzpis
- Department of Surgery, Anorectal Physiology Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul M. A. Broens
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30 001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Anorectal Physiology Laboratory, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Latulippe K, Guay M, Giguère A, Provencher V, Sévigny A, Poulin V, Dubé V, Éthier S, Carignan M, Giroux D. [Promoting home support for elderly people with neurocognitive disorders: Caregiver perception of the help-seeking process]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2019; 67:43-9. [PMID: 30429062 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers play an essential role in maintaining home care for elderly people with dementia. However, it is difficult for caregivers to target their own needs as well as those of the person with neurocognitive disorders they support on a daily basis. Identifying the needed resources can also be difficult. In order to better assist caregivers in identifying resources needed to support their role, this study aims to understand the factors that influence their help-seeking process. METHODS This qualitative and descriptive study focuses on the point of view of the main people affected by this problem: caregivers. Eleven caregivers of elderly people with dementia living at home were recruited by convenience sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed according to Mast's typology. RESULTS The factors influencing caregivers help-seeking process were categorized into five themes: 1) service-related (e.g. wait times); 2) personal (e.g. feeling intrusive); 3) experiential (e.g. positive use of a service); 4) relational (e.g. rejection of the elder), and 5) informational (e.g. directed to the right service). CONCLUSION Caregivers face many challenges in their help-seeking process and want to be more proactively accompanied in a way adapted to their changing needs.
Collapse
|