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Holzner A, Mohd Rameli NIA, Ruppert N, Widdig A. Agricultural habitat use affects infant survivorship in an endangered macaque species. Curr Biol 2024; 34:410-416.e4. [PMID: 38194972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Infant survival is a major determinant of individual fitness and constitutes a crucial factor in shaping species' ability to maintain viable populations in changing environments.1 Early adverse conditions, such as maternal loss, social isolation, and ecological hazards, have been associated with reduced rates of infant survivorship in wild primates.2,3,4 Agricultural landscapes increasingly replacing natural forest habitats may additionally threaten the survival of infants through exposure to novel predators,5 human-wildlife conflicts,6,7 or the use of harmful chemicals.8,9 Here, we investigated potential links between agricultural habitat use and high infant mortality in wild southern pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) inhabiting a mosaic landscape of rainforest and oil palm plantation in Peninsular Malaysia. Longitudinal data revealed that 57% of all infants born during the study period (2014-2023) died before the age of 1 year, far exceeding mortality rates reported for other wild primates.10,11,12,13,14 Importantly, prolonged time spent in the plantation during infancy decreased the likelihood of infant survival by 3-fold, likely caused by increased exposure to the threats inherent to this environment. Further, mortality risk was elevated for infants born to primiparous mothers and predicted by prolonged maternal interbirth intervals, suggesting potential long-term effects attributed to the uptake and/or accumulation of pesticides in mothers' bodies.15,16,17 Indeed, existing literature reports that pesticides may cross the placental barrier, thus impacting fetal development during pregnancy.18,19,20 Our findings emphasize the importance of minimizing anthropogenic threats to wildlife in agricultural landscapes by establishing environmentally friendly cultivation practices that can sustain wildlife populations in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Holzner
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Behavioural Ecology Research Group, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Nurul Iza Adrina Mohd Rameli
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Malaysian Primatological Society, Kulim 09000 Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Nadine Ruppert
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Malaysian Primatological Society, Kulim 09000 Kedah, Malaysia.
| | - Anja Widdig
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Behavioural Ecology Research Group, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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2
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Shears MJ, Reynolds RA, Duncombe CJ, Watson FN, Staubus WJ, Chavtur C, Seilie AM, Tran TM, Chakravarty S, Hoffman SL, Murphy SC. Plasmodium knowlesi in pig-tailed macaques: a potential new model for malaria vaccine research. Malar J 2023; 22:379. [PMID: 38093306 PMCID: PMC10720125 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium knowlesi is an established experimental model for basic and pre-clinical malaria vaccine research. Historically, rhesus macaques have been the most common host for malaria vaccine studies with P. knowlesi parasites. However, rhesus are not natural hosts for P. knowlesi, and there is interest in identifying alternative hosts for vaccine research. The study team previously reported that pig-tailed macaques (PTM), a natural host for P. knowlesi, could be challenged with cryopreserved P. knowlesi sporozoites (PkSPZ), with time to blood stage infection equivalent to in rhesus. Here, additional exploratory studies were performed to evaluate PTM as potential hosts for malaria vaccine studies. The aim was to further characterize the parasitological and veterinary health outcomes after PkSPZ challenge in this macaque species. METHODS Malaria-naïve PTM were intravenously challenged with 2.5 × 103 PkSPZ and monitored for blood stage infection by Plasmodium 18S rRNA RT-PCR and thin blood smears. Disease signs were evaluated by daily observations, complete blood counts, serum chemistry tests, and veterinary examinations. After anti-malarial drug treatment, a subset of animals was re-challenged and monitored as above. Whole blood gene expression analysis was performed on selected animals to assess host response to infection. RESULTS In naïve animals, the kinetics of P. knowlesi blood stage replication was reproducible, with parasite burden rising linearly during an initial acute phase of infection from 6 to 11 days post-challenge, before plateauing and transitioning into a chronic low-grade infection. After re-challenge, infections were again reproducible, but with lower blood stage parasite densities. Clinical signs of disease were absent or mild and anti-malarial treatment was not needed until the pre-defined study day. Whole blood gene expression analysis identified immunological changes associated with acute and chronic phases of infection, and further differences between initial challenge versus re-challenge. CONCLUSIONS The ability to challenge PTM with PkSPZ and achieve reliable blood stage infections indicate this model has significant potential for malaria vaccine studies. Blood stage P. knowlesi infection in PTM is characterized by low parasite burdens and a benign disease course, in contrast with the virulent P. knowlesi disease course commonly reported in rhesus macaques. These findings identify new opportunities for malaria vaccine research using this natural host-parasite combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Shears
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Rebekah A Reynolds
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Caroline J Duncombe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Felicia N Watson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Weston J Staubus
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Chris Chavtur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Annette M Seilie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Tuan M Tran
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Sanaria, Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Stephen L Hoffman
- Sanaria, Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Sean C Murphy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, F870, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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Abdul-Latiff MAB, Md-Zain BM. Taxonomy, Evolutionary and Dispersal Events of Pig-Tailed Macaque, Macaca nemestrina (Linnaeus, 1766) in Southeast Asia with Description of a New Subspecies, Macaca nemestrina perakensis in Malaysia. Zool Stud 2021; 60:e50. [PMID: 35003344 PMCID: PMC8685347 DOI: 10.6620/zs.2021.60-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The pig-tailed macaque, Macaca nemestrina, which is distributed in Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, Borneo, and Sumatra, has been the subject of unstable and changing taxonomic entity in the M. nemestrina group. This species is involved with a human-macaque conflict in Malaysia and at the same time played an important role in the ethnozoological culture of Malaysian. Even so, comprehensive phylogenetic, population genetics and biogeographical analysis of M. nemestrina in Malaysia are non-existent after decades of intensive research on the genus itself. Thus, we conducted the first comprehensive genetic study of M. nemestrina in Malaysia, based on three mitochondrial loci-Cytochrome b (567 bp), D-loop (398 bp), and COI (577 bp)-from 27 individuals representing Malaysia, plus an additional 26 sequences of Southeast Asian macaques from Genbank. Comparative biogeographical analysis in this study supports the positions of M. nemestrina in M. nemestrina groups as opposed to the silenus or Sulawesi groups. Results from this study also indicate that Bornean populations are the first extant lineages to separate from the other examined lineages of M. nemestrina, M. leonina, M. pagensis, and M. siberu in Southeast Asia. Molecular clock analysis suggested that M. nemestrina arrived in the Malay Peninsula about 0.32 million years ago (MYA). Our results indicate that the population of pig-tailed macaque from Perak (west Peninsular Malaysia) differs genetically based on all phylogenetic and population genetic analyses. Morphologically, Perak's pig-tailed macaque shows brighter coloration than M. n. nemestrina. Thus, we proposed a new subspecies for Perak's pig-tailed macaque as Macaca nemestrina perakensis distributed in the state of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. This research helps resolve the taxonomic position and population genetics of pig-tailed macaque in Malaysia, which contribute directly to conservation and management of the species in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. E-mail: (Md-Zain); or (Abdul-Latiff
- Oasis Integrated Group (OIG), Institute for Integrated Engineering (I2E), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Johor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (Pagoh Campus), 84600, Muar, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Munir Md-Zain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. E-mail: (Md-Zain); or (Abdul-Latiff
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Weed S, Armistead B, Coleman M, Liggit HD, Johnson B, Tsai J, Beyer RP, Bammler TK, Kretzer NM, Parker E, Vanderhoeven JP, Bierle CJ, Rajagopal L, Adams Waldorf KM. MicroRNA Signature of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Group B Streptococcal Infection of the Placental Chorioamniotic Membranes. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:1713-1722. [PMID: 32453818 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection-induced preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity and leads to preterm premature rupture of placental chorioamniotic membranes. The loss of amniotic epithelial cells and tensile strength preceding membrane rupture is poorly understood. We hypothesized that intrauterine bacterial infection induces changes in microRNA (miRNA) expression, leading to amniotic epithelial cell loss and membrane weakening. METHODS Ten pregnant pigtail macaques received choriodecidual inoculation of either group B Streptococcus (GBS) or saline (n = 5/group). Placental chorioamniotic membranes were studied using RNA microarray and immunohistochemistry. Chorioamniotic membranes from women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) and normal term pregnancies were studied using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS In our model, an experimental GBS infection was associated with changes in the miRNA profile in the chorioamniotic membranes consistent with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) with loss of epithelial (E-cadherin) and gain of mesenchymal (vimentin) markers. Similarly, loss of desmosomes (intercellular junctions) was seen in placental tissues from women with pPROM. CONCLUSIONS We describe EMT as a novel mechanism for infection-associated chorioamniotic membrane weakening, which may be a common pathway for many etiologies of pPROM. Therapy based on anti-miRNA targeting of EMT may prevent pPROM due to perinatal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Weed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA
| | - Blair Armistead
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michelle Coleman
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - H Denny Liggit
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian Johnson
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jesse Tsai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Richard P Beyer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Theodor K Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nicole M Kretzer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA
| | - Ed Parker
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeroen P Vanderhoeven
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA
| | - Craig J Bierle
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lakshmi Rajagopal
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kristina M Adams Waldorf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA.,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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5
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Roberts MC, Feßler AT, Monecke S, Ehricht R, No D, Schwarz S. Molecular Analysis of Two Different MRSA Clones ST188 and ST3268 From Primates ( Macaca spp.) in a United States Primate Center. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2199. [PMID: 30356855 PMCID: PMC6190752 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were identified in macaques, their environmental facility, and nasal cultures of personnel from the Washington National Primate Research Center [WaNPRC] and included MRSA ST188 SCCmec IV and MRSA ST3268 SCCmec V. The aim of the current study was to determine the carriage of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance genes, and other characteristics of the primate MRSA isolates to determine if there were any obvious differences that would account for differences in transmission within the WaNPRC facility. In total, 1,199 samples from primates were tested for the presence of MRSA resulting in 158 MRSA-positive samples. Fifteen ST188 isolates (all from Macaca nemestrina) and nine ST3268 (four from Macaca mulatta, two from Macaca fascicularis, three from M. nemestrina), were selected for further characterization. All but one of the 15 ST188 isolates had spa type t189 and the remaining one had spa type t3887. These isolates were resistant to β-lactams [blaZ, mecA], macrolides/lincosamides [erm(B)], aminoglycosides [aacA-aphD], and fluoroquinolones. Five isolates were additionally resistant to tetracyclines [tet(K)] and had elevated MICs for benzalkonium chloride [qacC]. In comparison, the nine ST3268 isolates had the related spa types t15469 (n = 5) and t13638 (n = 4). All nine ST3268 isolates were resistant to β-lactams [blaZ, mecA], and tetracyclines [tet(K)]. Some isolates were additionally resistant to aminoglycosides [aacA-aphD], fluoroquinolones and/or showed elevated MICs for benzalkonium chloride [qacC]. In contrast to the ST188 isolates, the ST3268 isolates had the enterotoxin gene cluster egc [seg, sei, selm, seln, selo, selu] and enterotoxin genes sec and sel. The two clones have differences regarding their spa types, virulence and antibiotic resistance genes as well as ST and SCCmec types. However, the data presented does not provide insight into why ST188 spreads easily while ST3268 did not spread within the WaNPRC in-house primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn C. Roberts
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andrea T. Feßler
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Monecke
- Abbott (Alere Technologies GmbH), InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Jena, Germany
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Medizinische Fakultät “Carl Gustav Carus”, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Ehricht
- Abbott (Alere Technologies GmbH), InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, Germany
| | - David No
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Semler MR, Wiseman RW, Karl JA, Graham ME, Gieger SM, O'Connor DH. Novel full-length major histocompatibility complex class I allele discovery and haplotype definition in pig-tailed macaques. Immunogenetics 2018; 70:381-399. [PMID: 29134258 PMCID: PMC7153738 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-017-1042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina, Mane) are important models for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) studies. Their infectability with minimally modified HIV makes them a uniquely valuable animal model to mimic human infection with HIV and progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, variation in the pig-tailed macaque major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and the impact of individual transcripts on the pathogenesis of HIV and other infectious diseases is understudied compared to that of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. In this study, we used Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time circular consensus sequencing to describe full-length MHC class I (MHC-I) transcripts for 194 pig-tailed macaques from three breeding centers. We then used the full-length sequences to infer Mane-A and Mane-B haplotypes containing groups of MHC-I transcripts that co-segregate due to physical linkage. In total, we characterized full-length open reading frames (ORFs) for 313 Mane-A, Mane-B, and Mane-I sequences that defined 86 Mane-A and 106 Mane-B MHC-I haplotypes. Pacific Biosciences technology allows us to resolve these Mane-A and Mane-B haplotypes to the level of synonymous allelic variants. The newly defined haplotypes and transcript sequences containing full-length ORFs provide an important resource for infectious disease researchers as certain MHC haplotypes have been shown to provide exceptional control of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication and prevention of AIDS-like disease in nonhuman primates. The increased allelic resolution provided by Pacific Biosciences sequencing also benefits transplant research by allowing researchers to more specifically match haplotypes between donors and recipients to the level of nonsynonymous allelic variation, thus reducing the risk of graft-versus-host disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Semler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 555 Science Drive, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Roger W Wiseman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 555 Science Drive, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Julie A Karl
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 555 Science Drive, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Michael E Graham
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 555 Science Drive, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Samantha M Gieger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 555 Science Drive, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - David H O'Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 555 Science Drive, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
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7
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Sangpakdee W, Tanomtong A, Chaveerach A, Pinthong K, Trifonov V, Loth K, Hensel C, Liehr T, Weise A, Fan X. Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of One African and Five Asian Macaque Species Reveals Identical Karyotypes as in Mandrill. Curr Genomics 2018; 19:207-215. [PMID: 29606908 PMCID: PMC5850509 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170721115047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The question how evolution and speciation work is one of the major interests of biology. Especially, genetic including karyotypic evolution within primates is of special interest due to the close phylogenetic position of Macaca and Homo sapiens and the role as in vivo models in medical research, neuroscience, behavior, pharmacology, reproduction and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Materials & Methods Karyotypes of five macaque species from South East Asia and of one macaque species as well as mandrill from Africa were analyzed by high resolution molecular cytogenetics to obtain new insights into karyotypic evolution of old world monkeys. Molecular cytogenetics applying human probes and probe sets was applied in chromosomes of Macaca arctoides, M. fascicularis, M. nemestrina, M. assamensis, M. sylvanus, M. mulatta and Mandrillus sphinx. Established two- to multicolor-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approaches were applied. Locus-specific probes, whole and partial chromosome paint probes were hybridized. Especially the FISH-banding approach multicolor-banding (MCB) as well as probes oriented towards heterochromatin turned out to be highly efficient for interspecies comparison. Conclusion Karyotypes of all seven studied species could be characterized in detail. Surprisingly, no evolutionary conserved differences were found among macaques, including mandrill. Between the seven here studied and phenotypically so different species we expected several via FISH detectable karyoypic and submicroscopic changes and were surprised to find none of them on a molecular cytogenetic level. Spatial separation, may explain the speciation and different evolution for some of them, like African M. sylvanus, Mandrillus sphinx and the South Asian macaques. However, for the partially or completely overlapping habitats of the five studied South Asian macaques the species separation process can also not be deduced to karyotypic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiwat Sangpakdee
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittapap Rd., Muang District, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Alongkoad Tanomtong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittapap Rd., Muang District, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Arunrat Chaveerach
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittapap Rd., Muang District, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Krit Pinthong
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittapap Rd., Muang District, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand.,Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, 186 Moo 1, Maung District, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Vladimir Trifonov
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lavrentev Str. 8/2, Novosibirsk630090, Russian Federation
| | - Kristina Loth
- Serengeti-Park Hodenhagen, Am Safaripark 1, D-29693 Hodenhagen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Weise
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Fan
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany
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8
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Adams Waldorf KM, Singh N, Mohan AR, Young RC, Ngo L, Das A, Tsai J, Bansal A, Paolella L, Herbert BR, Sooranna SR, Gough GM, Astley C, Vogel K, Baldessari AE, Bammler TK, MacDonald J, Gravett MG, Rajagopal L, Johnson MR. Uterine overdistention induces preterm labor mediated by inflammation: observations in pregnant women and nonhuman primates. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 213:830.e1-830.e19. [PMID: 26284599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Uterine overdistention is thought to induce preterm labor in women with twin and multiple pregnancies, but the pathophysiology remains unclear. We investigated for the first time the pathogenesis of preterm birth associated with rapid uterine distention in a pregnant nonhuman primate model. STUDY DESIGN A nonhuman primate model of uterine overdistention was created using preterm chronically catheterized pregnant pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina) by inflation of intraamniotic balloons (N = 6), which were compared to saline controls (N = 5). Cesarean delivery was performed due to preterm labor or at experimental end. Microarray, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Luminex (Austin, TX), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure messenger RNA (mRNA) and/or protein levels from monkey (amniotic fluid, myometrium, maternal plasma) and human (amniocytes, amnion, myometrium) tissues. Statistical analysis employed analysis of covariance and Wilcoxon rank sum. Biomechanical forces were calculated using the law of Laplace. RESULTS Preterm labor occurred in 3 of 6 animals after balloon inflation and correlated with greater balloon volume and uterine wall stress. Significant elevations of inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins occurred following uterine overdistention in an "inflammatory pulse" that correlated with preterm labor (interleukin [IL]-1β, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2α, all P < .05). A similar inflammatory response was observed in amniocytes in vitro following mechanical stretch (IL1β, IL6, and IL8 mRNA multiple time points, P < .05), in amnion of women with polyhydramnios (IL6 and TNF mRNA, P < .05) and in amnion (TNF-α) and myometrium of women with twins in early labor (IL6, IL8, CCL2, all P < .05). Genes differentially expressed in the nonhuman primate after balloon inflation and in women with polyhydramnios and twins are involved in tissue remodeling and muscle growth. CONCLUSION Uterine overdistention by inflation of an intraamniotic balloon is associated with an inflammatory pulse that precedes and correlates with preterm labor. Our results indicate that inflammation is an early event after a mechanical stress on the uterus and leads to preterm labor when the stress is sufficiently great. Further, we find evidence of uterine tissue remodeling and muscle growth as a common, perhaps compensatory, response to uterine distension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasha Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aarthi R Mohan
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roger C Young
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Lisa Ngo
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Ananya Das
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesse Tsai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Aasthaa Bansal
- Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research and Policy Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Louis Paolella
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bronwen R Herbert
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suren R Sooranna
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - G Michael Gough
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Cliff Astley
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Keith Vogel
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Audrey E Baldessari
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Theodor K Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - James MacDonald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Michael G Gravett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Lakshmi Rajagopal
- Department of Pediatrics and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Mangus LM, Dorsey JL, Laast VA, Ringkamp M, Ebenezer GJ, Hauer P, Mankowski JL. Unraveling the pathogenesis of HIV peripheral neuropathy: insights from a simian immunodeficiency virus macaque model. ILAR J 2015; 54:296-303. [PMID: 24615443 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilt047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is the most frequent neurologic complication in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It affects over one third of infected patients, including those receiving effective combination antiretroviral therapy. The pathogenesis of HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy (HIV-PN) remains poorly understood. Clinical studies are complicated because both HIV and antiretroviral treatment cause damage to the peripheral nervous system. To study HIV-induced peripheral nervous system (PNS) damage, a unique simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/pigtailed macaque model of HIV-PN that enabled detailed morphologic and functional evaluation of the somatosensory pathway throughout disease progression was developed. Studies in this model have demonstrated that SIV induces key pathologic features that closely resemble HIV-induced alterations, including inflammation and damage to the neuronal cell bodies in somatosensory ganglia and decreased epidermal nerve fiber density. Insights generated in the model include: finding that SIV alters the conduction properties of small, unmyelinated peripheral nerves; and that SIV impairs peripheral nerve regeneration. This review will highlight the major findings in the SIV-infected pigtailed macaque model of HIV-PN, and will illustrate the great value of a reliable large animal model to show the pathogenesis of this complex, HIV-induced disorder of the PNS.
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10
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Staheli JP, Dyen MR, Lewis P, Barcy S. Discovery and biological characterization of two novel pig-tailed macaque homologs of HHV-6 and HHV-7. Virology 2014; 471-473:126-40. [PMID: 25461538 PMCID: PMC4312206 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and -7 (HHV-7) are Roseoloviruses within the Betaherpesvirus family, which have a high prevalence and suspected involvement in a number of diseases. Using CODEHOP-based PCR, we identified homologs of both viruses in saliva of pig-tailed macaques, provisionally named MneHV-6 and MneHV-7. This finding supports the existence of two distinct Roseolovirus lineages before the divergence of humans and macaques. Using specific qPCR assays, high levels of MneHV-6 and MneHV-7 DNA were detected in macaque saliva, although the frequency was greater for MneHV-7. A blood screen of 283 macaques revealed 10% MneHV-6 DNA positivity and 25% MneHV-7 positivity, with higher prevalences of MneHV-6 in older females and of MneHV-7 in younger males. Levels of MneHV-6 were increased in animals coinfected with MneHV-7, and both viruses were frequently detected in salivary gland and stomach tissues. Our discovery provides a unique animal model to answer unresolved questions regarding Roseolovirus pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette P Staheli
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children׳s Research Institute, Seattle, Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Michael R Dyen
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children׳s Research Institute, Seattle, Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Patrick Lewis
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children׳s Research Institute, Seattle, Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Serge Barcy
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children׳s Research Institute, Seattle, Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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11
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Patton DL, Teng A, Randall A, Liang X, Felgner PL, de la Maza LM. Whole genome identification of C. trachomatis immunodominant antigens after genital tract infections and effect of antibiotic treatment of pigtailed macaques. J Proteomics 2014; 108:99-109. [PMID: 24862987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The cervix and/or fallopian tubes of pigtailed macaques were experimentally infected with Chlamydia trachomatis. Their sera were collected at varying time points and screened for identification of immunodominant antigens using a whole-genome protein microarray. The effect of doxycycline treatment on the antibody response generated in these macaques was also investigated. Twenty-five female macaques were infected with C. trachomatis serovars D or E in the cervix and/or fallopian tubes. Bloods were collected at baseline and at various intervals after challenge. Serum samples were tested for antibodies using a C. trachomatis serovar D protein microarray. Twenty chlamydial antigens reacted with sera from at least 68% (17/25) of the macaques. In addition to some well-known chlamydial antigens, nine different proteins, not previously recognized as immunodominant, including four hypothetical proteins (CT005, CT066, CT360 and CT578), were identified. Monkeys infected in the fallopian tubes developed a more robust antibody response than animals inoculated in the cervix. Treatment with doxycycline significantly decreased Chlamydia-specific antibody levels. In summary, using protein microarray serum samples from experimentally infected pigtailed macaques were screened for immunodominant chlamydial antigens. These antigens can now be tested in animal models for their ability to protect and as markers of disease progression. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This is the first time that Chlamydia trachomatis immunodominant antigens have been identified in pigtailed macaques following a uterine cervix or a fallopian tubes infection. These immunodominant antigens can now be used to vaccinate non-human primates and determine their ability to protect against a C. trachomatis genital infection. Proteins that are protective can subsequently be tested in humans. Amongst the immunodominant antigens some were predominantly recognized by sera from macaques inoculated in the fallopian tubes rather than in the cervix and therefore, may be markers for upper genital tract pathology. In addition, treatment with doxycycline following infection significantly decreased Chlamydia-specific antibody levels. This information can be used to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic treatment and potentially susceptibility to reinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy L Patton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Box 356460, Seattle, WA 98195-6460, United States
| | - Andy Teng
- ImmPORT Therapeutics, Inc./Antigen Discovery Inc., 1 Technology Dr., Suite E309, Irvine, CA 92618, United States
| | - Arlo Randall
- ImmPORT Therapeutics, Inc./Antigen Discovery Inc., 1 Technology Dr., Suite E309, Irvine, CA 92618, United States
| | - Xiaowu Liang
- ImmPORT Therapeutics, Inc./Antigen Discovery Inc., 1 Technology Dr., Suite E309, Irvine, CA 92618, United States
| | - Philip L Felgner
- ImmPORT Therapeutics, Inc./Antigen Discovery Inc., 1 Technology Dr., Suite E309, Irvine, CA 92618, United States
| | - Luis M de la Maza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Sciences I, Room D440, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4800, United States.
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12
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Abstract
Personality change in nonhuman primates is a topic that warrants more research attention. Many studies focus on intraindividual repeatability, but few note population-wide trends in personality change. In part, this results from the large sample size that is required to detect such trends. In the present study, we measured personality in a large sample (N = 293) of adult, mother-reared pigtailed macaques, Macaca nemestrinam, over a period of 3 years. We looked at four personality components (sociability towards humans, cautiousness, aggressiveness and fearfulness) derived from behavioural observations at two to four time points per subject. We found these components to have repeatabilities similar to those reported elsewhere in the literature. We then analysed population-wide changes in personality components over time using a linear mixed effects model with three predictors: entry age at the current primate facility, tenure at the primate facility at the time of the first personality test and time elapsed since the first personality test. We found that adult personality changed with life experiences (here, tenure at the facility where tested) and age. Throughout adulthood, pigtailed macaques became less cautious and more aggressive. At the same time, subjects became less cautious and more sociable with increasing time in individual caging at the current primate research facility. We also found that individuals differed significantly in their personality consistency. Other researchers may benefit by applying similar methodology to that described here as they extrapolate about personality measures over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne F. Sussman
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - Exu A. Mates
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - James C. Ha
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - Kathy L. Bentson
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - Carolyn M. Crockett
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
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13
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Hadzic SV, Wang X, Dufour J, Doyle L, Marx PA, Lackner AA, Paulsen DB, Veazey RS. Comparison of the vaginal environment of Macaca mulatta and Macaca nemestrina throughout the menstrual cycle. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 71:322-9. [PMID: 24521395 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Pigtail macaques, Macaca nemestrina (PT), are more susceptible to vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) than rhesus macaques (RM). However, comparative studies to explore the reasons for these differences are lacking. METHOD OF STUDY Here, we compared differences in hormone levels and vaginal mucosal anatomy and thickness of RM and PT through different stages of the menstrual cycle. Concentrations of plasma estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) were determined weekly, and vaginal biopsies examined at days 0 and 14 of the menstrual cycle. RESULTS Consistent changes in vaginal epithelial thickness occurred at different stages of the menstrual cycle. In both species, the vaginal epithelium was significantly thicker in the follicular than in luteal phase. Keratinized epithelium was strikingly much more prominent in RM, especially during the luteal phase. Further, the vaginal epithelium was significantly thinner, and the P4:E2 ratio was higher in PT during luteal phase than RM. CONCLUSIONS Striking anatomic differences in the vaginal epithelium between rhesus and pigtail macaques combined with differences in P4:E2 ratio support the hypothesis that thinning and less keratinization of the vaginal epithelium may be involved in the greater susceptibility of pigtail macaques to vaginal transmission of SIV or other STD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V Hadzic
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA
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14
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Sourisseau M, Goldman O, He W, Gori JL, Kiem HP, Gouon-Evans V, Evans MJ. Hepatic cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of pigtail macaques support hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology 2013; 145:966-969.e7. [PMID: 23891978 PMCID: PMC3805793 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The narrow species tropism of hepatitis C virus (HCV) limits animal studies. We found that pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) hepatic cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells support the entire HCV life cycle, although infection efficiency was limited by defects in the HCV cell entry process. This block was overcome by either increasing occludin expression, complementing the cells with human CD81, or infecting them with a strain of HCV with less restricted requirements for CD81. Using this system, we can modify viral and host cell genetics to make pigtail macaques a suitable, clinically relevant model for the study of HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Sourisseau
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA, 10029
| | - Orit Goldman
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA, 10029
| | - Wenqian He
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA, 10029
| | - Jennifer L. Gori
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, 98109
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, 98109,Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 815 Mercer Street, Seattle, WA, USA, 98109
| | - Valerie Gouon-Evans
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA, 10029,Corresponding Authors: Valerie Gouon-Evans, 212-241-4033, , Matthew J. Evans, 212-241-5576,
| | - Matthew J. Evans
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA, 10029,Corresponding Authors: Valerie Gouon-Evans, 212-241-4033, , Matthew J. Evans, 212-241-5576,
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15
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Nakgoi K, Nitatpattana N, Wajjwalku W, Pongsopawijit P, Kaewchot S, Yoksan S, Siripolwat V, Souris M, Gonzalez JP. Dengue, Japanese encephalitis and Chikungunya virus antibody prevalence among captive monkey ( Macaca nemestrina) colonies of Northern Thailand. Am J Primatol 2013; 76:97-102. [PMID: 24105916 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The potential of macaque Macaca nemestrina leonina in Thailand to be infected by endemic arboviruses was assessed. The prevalence of antibodies of three arboviruses actively circulating in Thailand was determined by Plaque Reduction Neutralization assay procedures using samples from captive colonies in Northern Thailand. Out of 38 macaques, 9 (24%) presented reacting antibodies against dengue virus, 5 (13%) against Japanese encephalitis virus, and 4 (10%) against Chikungunya virus. Our results indicate that the northern pig-tailed macaque in Thailand can be infected by these arboviruses, inferring therefore that their virus specific vectors have bitten them. Given that, northern pig-tailed macaque represents an abundant population, living in close range to human or in peridomestic setting, they could play a role as potential reservoir host for arboviruses circulating in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khajornpong Nakgoi
- Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University at Salaya Putthamonthon 4, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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16
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Guo L, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Yang S, Chen F. Close association between paralogous multiple isomiRs and paralogous/orthologues miRNA sequences implicates dominant sequence selection across various animal species. Gene 2013; 527:624-9. [PMID: 23856130 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial negative regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Next-generation sequencing technologies have identified a series of miRNA variants (named isomiRs). In this study, paralogous isomiR assemblies (from the miRNA locus) were systematically analyzed based on data acquired from deep sequencing data sets. Evolutionary analysis of paralogous (members in miRNA gene family in a specific species) and orthologues (across different animal species) miRNAs was also performed. The sequence diversity of paralogous isomiRs was found to be similar to the diversity of paralogous and orthologues miRNAs. Additionally, both isomiRs and paralogous/orthologues miRNAs were implicated in 5' and 3' ends (especially 3' ends), nucleotide substitutions, and insertions and deletions. Generally, multiple isomiRs can be produced from a single miRNA locus, but most of them had lower enrichment levels, and only several dominant isomiR sequences were detected. These dominant isomiR groups were always stable, and one of them would be selected as the most abundant miRNA sequence in specific animal species. Some isomiRs might be consistent to miRNA sequences in some species but not the other. Homologous miRNAs were often detected in similar isomiR repertoires, and showed similar expression patterns, while dominant isomiRs showed complex evolutionary patterns from miRNA sequences across the animal kingdom. These results indicate that the phenomenon of multiple isomiRs is not a random event, but rather the result of evolutionary pressures. The existence of multiple isomiRs enables different species to express advantageous sequences in different environments. Thus, dominant sequences emerge in response to functional and evolutionary pressures, allowing an organism to adapt to complex intra- and extra-cellular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 210029, China.
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Sasseville VG, Mankowski JL, Baldessari A, Harbison C, Laing S, Kaliyaperumal S, Mätz-Rensing K, Miller AD, Schmidt LD, Kaplan-Kees J, Dick EJ, Reader JR, Liu D, Crawford LK, Lane JH, Corner SM, Pardo ID, Evans MG, Murnane R, Terio KA. Meeting report: Emerging respiratory viral infections and nonhuman primate case reports. Vet Pathol 2013; 50:1145-53. [PMID: 23839235 DOI: 10.1177/0300985813495898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A workshop on Emerging Respiratory Viral Infections and Spontaneous Diseases in nonhuman primates was sponsored by the concurrent Annual Meetings of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists and the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, held December 1-5, 2012, in Seattle, Washington. The session had platform presentations from Drs Karen Terio, Thijs Kuiken, Guy Boivin, and Robert Palermo that focused on naturally occurring influenza, human respiratory syncytial virus, and metapneumovirus in wild and zoo-housed great apes; the molecular biology and pathology of these viral respiratory diseases in nonhuman primate (NHP) models; and the therapeutic and vaccine approaches to prevention and control of these emerging respiratory viral infections. These formal presentations were followed by presentations of 14 unique case studies of rare or newly observed spontaneous lesions in NHPs (see online files for access to digital whole-slide images corresponding to each case report at http://scanscope.com/ACVP%20Slide%20Seminars/2012/Primate%20Pathology/view.apml). The session was attended by meeting participants that included students, pathology trainees, and experienced pathologists from academia and industry with an interest in respiratory and spontaneous diseases of NHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Sasseville
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 300 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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