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Xie YX, Yao H, Peng JF, Ni D, Liu WT, Li CQ, Yi GH. Insight into modulators of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor and implications for cardiovascular therapeutics. J Drug Target 2024; 32:300-310. [PMID: 38269855 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and it's of great importance to understand its underlying mechanisms and find new treatments. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an active lipid that exerts its effects through S1P receptors on the cell surface or intracellular signal, and regulates many cellular processes such as cell growth, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell survival, and so on. S1PR modulators are a class of modulators that can interact with S1PR subtypes to activate receptors or block their activity, exerting either agonist or functional antagonist effects. Many studies have shown that S1P plays a protective role in the cardiovascular system and regulates cardiac physiological functions mainly through interaction with cell surface S1P receptors (S1PRs). Therefore, S1PR modulators may play a therapeutic role in cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review five S1PRs and their functions and the progress of S1PR modulators. In addition, we focus on the effects of S1PR modulators on atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiovascular diseases, and myocarditis, which may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Xie
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Fu Peng
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Ni
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wan-Ting Liu
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Quan Li
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Ding Y, Sun Y, Wang H, Zhao H, Yin R, Zhang M, Pan X, Zhu X. Atherosis-associated lnc_000048 activates PKR to enhance STAT1-mediated polarization of THP-1 macrophages to M1 phenotype. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2488-2498. [PMID: 38526285 PMCID: PMC11090429 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202419110-00029/figure1/v/2024-03-08T184507Z/r/image-tiff Our previous study has demonstrated that lnc_000048 is upregulated in large-artery atherosclerotic stroke and promotes atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. However, little is known about the role of lnc_000048 in classically activated macrophage (M1) polarization. In this study, we established THP-1-derived testing state macrophages (M0), M1 macrophages, and alternately activated macrophages (M2). Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to verify the expression of marker genes and the expression of lnc_000048 in macrophages. Flow cytometry was used to detect phenotypic proteins (CD11b, CD38, CD80). We generated cell lines with lentivirus-mediated upregulation or downregulation of lnc_000048. Flow cytometry, western blot, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that down-regulation of lnc_000048 reduced M1 macrophage polarization and the inflammation response, while over-expression of lnc_000048 led to the opposite effect. Western blot results indicated that lnc_000048 enhanced the activation of the STAT1 pathway and mediated the M1 macrophage polarization. Moreover, catRAPID prediction, RNA-pull down, and mass spectrometry were used to identify and screen the protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR), then catRAPID and RPIseq were used to predict the binding ability of lnc_000048 to PKR. Immunofluorescence (IF)-RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) double labeling was performed to verify the subcellular colocalization of lnc_000048 and PKR in the cytoplasm of M1 macrophage. We speculate that lnc_000048 may form stem-loop structure-specific binding and activate PKR by inducing its phosphorylation, leading to activation of STAT1 phosphorylation and thereby enhancing STAT1 pathway-mediated polarization of THP-1 macrophages to M1 and inflammatory factor expression. Taken together, these results reveal that the lnc_000048/PKR/STAT1 axis plays a crucial role in the polarization of M1 macrophages and may be a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerosis alleviation in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ding
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Qingdao Cadre Health Care Service Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongqin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ruihua Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xudong Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Mehvari S, Karimian Fathi N, Saki S, Asadnezhad M, Arzhangi S, Ghodratpour F, Mohseni M, Zare Ashrafi F, Sadeghian S, Boroumand M, Shokohizadeh F, Rostami E, Boroumand R, Najafipour R, Malekzadeh R, Riazalhosseini Y, Akbari M, Lathrop M, Najmabadi H, Hosseini K, Kahrizi K. Contribution of genetic variants in the development of familial premature coronary artery disease in a cohort of cardiac patients. Clin Genet 2024; 105:611-619. [PMID: 38308583 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD), the most prevalent cardiovascular disease, is the leading cause of death worldwide. Heritable factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CAD. It has been proposed that approximately one-third of patients with CAD have a positive family history, and individuals with such history are at ~1.5-fold increased risk of CAD in their lifespans. Accordingly, the long-recognized familial clustering of CAD is a strong risk factor for this disease. Our study aimed to identify candidate genetic variants contributing to CAD by studying a cohort of 60 large Iranian families with at least two members in different generations afflicted with premature CAD (PCAD), defined as established disease at ≤45 years in men and ≤55 years in women. Exome sequencing was performed for a subset of the affected individuals, followed by prioritization and Sanger sequencing of candidate variants in all available family members. Subsequently, apparently healthy carriers of potential risk variants underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), followed by co-segregation analysis of the combined data. Putative causal variants were identified in seven genes, ABCG8, CD36, CYP27A1, PIK3C2G, RASSF9, RYR2, and ZFYVE21, co-segregating with familial PCAD in seven unrelated families. Among these, PIK3C2G, RASSF9, and ZFYVE21 are novel candidate CAD susceptibility genes. Our findings indicate that rare variants in genes identified in this study are involved in CAD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mehvari
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Karimian Fathi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Saki
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Asadnezhad
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Arzhangi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghodratpour
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mohseni
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzane Zare Ashrafi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadeghian
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Boroumand
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shokohizadeh
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Rostami
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahnama Boroumand
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Najafipour
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammadreza Akbari
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Hosseini
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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El Sayed R, Park CC, Shah Z, Nahab FB, Haussen DC, Allen JW, Oshinski JN. Assessment of Complex Flow Patterns in Patients With Carotid Webs, Patients With Carotid Atherosclerosis, and Healthy Subjects Using 4D Flow MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:2001-2010. [PMID: 37706274 PMCID: PMC10937327 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid webs (CaWs) are fibromuscular projections in the internal carotid artery (ICA) that cause mild luminal narrowing (<50%), but may be causative in up to one-third of seemingly cryptogenic strokes. Understanding hemodynamic alterations caused by CaWs is imperative to assessing stroke risk. Time-Average Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) and Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) are hemodynamic parameters linked to vascular dysfunction and thrombosis. PURPOSE To test the hypothesis: "CaWs are associated with lower TAWSS and higher OSI than mild atherosclerosis or healthy carotid bifurcation." STUDY TYPE Prospective study. POPULATION A total of 35 subjects (N = 14 bifurcations with CaW, 11F, age: 49 ± 10, 10 mild atherosclerosis 6F, age: 72 ± 9, 11 healthy 9F, age: 42 ± 13). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 4D flow/STAR-MATCH/3D TOF/3T MRI, CTA. ASSESSMENT 4D Flow velocity data were analyzed in two ways: 1) 3D ROI in the ICA bulbar segment (complex flow patterns are expected) was used to quantify the regions with low TAWSS and high OSI. 2) 2D planes were placed perpendicular to the centerline of the carotid bifurcation for detailed analysis of TAWSS and OSI. STATISTICAL TESTS Independent-samples Kruskal-Wallis-H test with 0.05 used for statistical significance. RESULTS The percent surface area where low TAWSS was present in the ICA bulb was 12.3 ± 8.0% (95% CI: 7.6-16.9) in CaW subjects, 1.6 ± 1.9% (95% CI: 0.2-2.9) in atherosclerosis, and 8.5 ± 7.7% (95% CI: 3.6-13.4) in healthy subjects, all differences were statistically significant (ƞ2 = 0.3 [95% CI: 0.05-0.5], P-value CaW vs. healthy = 0.2). OSI had similar values in the CCA between groups (ƞ2 = 0.07 [95% CI: 0.0-0.2], P-value = 0.5), but OSI was significantly higher downstream of the bifurcation in CaW subjects compared to atherosclerosis and normal subjects. OSI returned to similar values between groups 1.5 diameters distal to the bifurcation (ƞ2 = 0.03 [95% CI: 0.0-0.2], P-value = 0.7). CONCLUSION Lower TAWSS and higher OSI are present in the ICA bulb in patients with CaW when compared to patients with atherosclerotic or healthy subjects. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retta El Sayed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Charlie C. Park
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zahraw Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fadi B. Nahab
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Diogo C. Haussen
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jason W. Allen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John N. Oshinski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Tao T, Chen L, Lin X, Fan Z, Zhu C, Mao L. Deregulated miR-146a-3p alleviates disease progression in atherosclerosis through inactivating NF-κB: An experimental study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38061. [PMID: 38758895 PMCID: PMC11098229 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS), as a complex chronic inflammatory disease, is 1 of the main causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study aimed to confirm the direct interaction between miR-146a-3p and NF-κB, and explore the role of miR-146a-3p/NF-κB in the regulation of inflammation in AS. METHODS Bioinformatic prediction and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to confirm the interaction between miR-146a-3p and NF-κB. Lipopolysaccharides stimulation was performed to establish AS inflammatory cell model, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were estimated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. miR-146a-3p and NF-κB expression were evaluated using reverse transcription quantitative PCR, and their clinical value was examined using a receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS Inflammatory cell model showed increased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. NF-κB was a target gene of miR-146a-3p, and mediated the inhibitory effects of miR-146a-3p on inflammatory responses in the cell model. In patients with AS, miR-146a-3p/NF-κB was associated with patients' clinical data and inflammatory cytokine levels, and aberrant miR-146a-3p and NF-κB showed diagnostic accuracy to distinguish AS patients from healthy populations. CONCLUSION miR-146a-3p might inhibit inflammation by targeting NF-κB in AS progression, and miR-146a-3p/ NF-κB might provide novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the prevention of AS and related vascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Tao
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linkao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zijian Fan
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengfei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingqun Mao
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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Pielenz D, Klisch J, Fiorella D, Gawlitza M, Steinbrecher A, Leinisch E, Lobsien E, Hoffmann KT, Lobsien D. The pEGASUS-HPC stent system for intracranial arterial stenosis: a single-center case series. J Neurointerv Surg 2024:jnis-2024-021737. [PMID: 38760166 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2024-021737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial arterial stenting is a technique for the treatment of symptomatic stenosis. In this single-center retrospective case series we evaluated a novel low profile laser-cut stent with an antithrombogenic hydrophilic polymer coating (pEGASUS-HPC, Phenox GmbH, Bochum, Germany) for the treatment of intracranial stenosis in the setting of acute ischemic stroke and elective cases. METHODS All patients treated with pEGASUS-HPC for one or more intracranial arterial stenoses at our institution were retrospectively included. Clinical, imaging and procedural parameters as well as clinical and imaging follow-up data were collected. RESULTS We performed 43 interventions in 41 patients with 42 stenoses in our neurovascular center between August 2021 and February 2024. Twenty-one patients (51.2%) were female and the mean±SD age was 71±10.8 years. Thirty-seven (86.1%) procedures were performed in the setting of endovascular acute ischemic stroke treatment. Technical or procedural complications occurred in seven patients (16.3%), six in the thrombectomy group and one in the elective group. One stent-related hemorrhagic complication (subarachnoid hemorrhage) occurred in emergency cases and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in one patient treated in an elective setting. Overall stenosis reduction following pEGASUS-HPC stent implantation was 53.0±18.0%. On follow-up imaging, which was available for 16 patients (37.2%) after an average of 32±58.6 days, 62.5% of the stents were patent. CONCLUSION Our single-center case series demonstrates the feasibility of using the pEGASUS-HPC stent system, especially in emergency situations when thrombectomy fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pielenz
- Department of Neuroradiology, Helios Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
| | - Joachim Klisch
- Department of Neuroradiology, Helios Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Helios Vogtland Hospital Plauen, Plauen, Sachsen, Germany
| | - David Fiorella
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Matthias Gawlitza
- University Hospital Leipzig Institute for Neuroradiology, Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany
| | | | - Elke Leinisch
- Department of Neurology, Helios Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
| | - Elmar Lobsien
- Department of Neurology, Helios Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
| | - Karl-Titus Hoffmann
- University Hospital Leipzig Institute for Neuroradiology, Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Donald Lobsien
- Department of Neuroradiology, Helios Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Thüringen, Germany
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Li H, Cao Z, Liu C, Wang Y, Wang L, Tang Y, Yao P. Quercetin Inhibits Neuronal Pyroptosis and Ferroptosis by Modulating Microglial M1/M2 Polarization in Atherosclerosis. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38755521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) with iron and lipid overload and systemic inflammation is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. M1 macrophage/microglia participate in neuronal pyroptosis and recently have been reported to be the ferroptosis-resistant phenotype. Quercetin plays a prominent role in preventing and treating neuroinflammation, but the protective mechanism against neurodegeneration caused by iron deposition is poorly understood. ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet with or without quercetin treatment. The Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests were conducted to assess spatial learning and memory, and nonspatial recognition memory, respectively. Prussian blue and immunofluorescence staining were performed to assess the iron levels in the whole brain and in microglia, microglia polarization, and the degree of microglia/neuron ferroptosis. In vitro, we further explored the molecular biological alterations associated with microglial polarization, neuronal pyroptosis, and ferroptosis via Western blot, flow cytometry, CCK8, LDH, propidium iodide, and coculture system. We found that quercetin improved brain lesions and spatial learning and memory in AS mice. Iron deposition in the whole brain or microglia was reversed by the quercetin treatment. In the AS group, the colocalization of iNOS with Iba1 was increased, which was reversed by quercetin. However, the colocalization of iNOS with PTGS2/TfR was not increased in the AS group, suggesting a character resisting ferroptosis. Quercetin induced the expression of Arg-1 and decreased the colocalizations of Arg-1 with PTGS2/TfR. In vitro, ox-LDL combined with ferric ammonium citrate treatment (OF) significantly shifted the microglial M1/M2 phenotype balance and increased the levels of free iron, ROS, and lipid peroxides, which was reversed by quercetin. M1 phenotype induced by OF caused neuronal pyroptosis and was promoted to ferroptosis by L-NIL treatment, which contributed to neuronal ferroptosis as well. However, quercetin induced the M1 to M2 phenotype and inhibited M2 macrophages/microglia and neuron pyroptosis or ferroptosis. In summary, quercetin alleviated neuroinflammation by inducing the M1 to M2 phenotype to inhibit neuronal pyroptosis and protected neurons from ferroptosis, which may provide a new idea for neuroinflammation prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Hoori A, Al-Kindi S, Hu T, Song Y, Wu H, Lee J, Tashtish N, Fu P, Gilkeson R, Rajagopalan S, Wilson DL. Enhancing cardiovascular risk prediction through AI-enabled calcium-omics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11134. [PMID: 38750142 PMCID: PMC11096314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Whole-heart coronary calcium Agatston score is a well-established predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), but it does not account for individual calcification features related to the pathophysiology of the disease (e.g., multiple-vessel disease, spread of the disease along the vessel, stable calcifications, numbers of lesions, and density). We used novel, hand-crafted calcification features (calcium-omics); Cox time-to-event modeling; elastic net; and up and down synthetic sampling methods for imbalanced data, to assess MACE risk. We used 2457 CT calcium score (CTCS) images enriched for MACE events from our large no-cost CLARIFY program (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04075162). Among calcium-omics features, numbers of calcifications, LAD mass, and diffusivity (a measure of spatial distribution) were especially important determinants of increased risk, with dense calcification (> 1000HU, stable calcifications) associated with reduced risk Our calcium-omics model with (training/testing, 80/20) gave C-index (80.5%/71.6%) and 2-year AUC (82.4%/74.8%). Although the C-index is notoriously impervious to model improvements, calcium-omics compared favorably to Agatston and gave a significant difference (P < 0.001). The calcium-omics model identified 73.5% of MACE cases in the high-risk group, a 13.2% improvement as compared to Agatston, suggesting that calcium-omics could be used to better identity candidates for intensive follow-up and therapies. The categorical net-reclassification index was NRI = 0.153. Our findings from this exploratory study suggest the utility of calcium-omics in improved risk prediction. These promising results will pave the way for more extensive, multi-institutional studies of calcium-omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Hoori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Sadeer Al-Kindi
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yingnan Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Juhwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Nour Tashtish
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Pingfu Fu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Robert Gilkeson
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - David L Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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9
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Lv B, He S, Li P, Jiang S, Li D, Lin J, Feinberg MW. MicroRNA-181 in cardiovascular disease: Emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23635. [PMID: 38690685 PMCID: PMC11068116 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400306r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) have attracted considerable attention for their roles in several cardiovascular disease states, including both the physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we will briefly describe microRNA-181 (miR-181) transcription and regulation and summarize recent findings on the roles of miR-181 family members as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in different cardiovascular-related conditions, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and heart failure. Lessons learned from these studies may provide new theoretical foundations for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shaolin He
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Peixin Li
- Second Clinical School, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijiu Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Dazhu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jibin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mark W. Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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10
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Ting KKY, Yu P, Dow R, Ibrahim H, Karim S, Polenz CK, Winer DA, Woo M, Jongstra-Bilen J, Cybulsky MI. Cholesterol accumulation impairs HIF-1α-dependent immunometabolic reprogramming of LPS-stimulated macrophages by upregulating the NRF2 pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11162. [PMID: 38750095 PMCID: PMC11096387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61493-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid accumulation in macrophages (Mφs) is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Yet, how lipid loading modulates Mφ inflammatory responses remains unclear. We endeavored to gain mechanistic insights into how pre-loading with free cholesterol modulates Mφ metabolism upon LPS-induced TLR4 signaling. We found that activities of prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) and factor inhibiting HIF (FIH) are higher in cholesterol loaded Mφs post-LPS stimulation, resulting in impaired HIF-1α stability, transactivation capacity and glycolysis. In RAW264.7 cells expressing mutated HIF-1α proteins resistant to PHDs and FIH activities, cholesterol loading failed to suppress HIF-1α function. Cholesterol accumulation induced oxidative stress that enhanced NRF2 protein stability and triggered a NRF2-mediated antioxidative response prior to and in conjunction with LPS stimulation. LPS stimulation increased NRF2 mRNA and protein expression, but it did not enhance NRF2 protein stability further. NRF2 deficiency in Mφs alleviated the inhibitory effects of cholesterol loading on HIF-1α function. Mutated KEAP1 proteins defective in redox sensing expressed in RAW264.7 cells partially reversed the effects of cholesterol loading on NRF2 activation. Collectively, we showed that cholesterol accumulation in Mφs induces oxidative stress and NRF2 stabilization, which when combined with LPS-induced NRF2 expression leads to enhanced NRF2-mediated transcription that ultimately impairs HIF-1α-dependent glycolytic and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K Y Ting
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Pei Yu
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Riley Dow
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Hisham Ibrahim
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Saraf Karim
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Chanele K Polenz
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Daniel A Winer
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Minna Woo
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Jenny Jongstra-Bilen
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Myron I Cybulsky
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, PMCRT 3-306, 101 College Street, TMDT, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada.
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11
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Gornik HL, Aronow HD, Goodney PP, Arya S, Brewster LP, Byrd L, Chandra V, Drachman DE, Eaves JM, Ehrman JK, Evans JN, Getchius TSD, Gutiérrez JA, Hawkins BM, Hess CN, Ho KJ, Jones WS, Kim ESH, Kinlay S, Kirksey L, Kohlman-Trigoboff D, Long CA, Pollak AW, Sabri SS, Sadwin LB, Secemsky EA, Serhal M, Shishehbor MH, Treat-Jacobson D, Wilkins LR. 2024 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/APMA/ABC/SCAI/SVM/SVN/SVS/SIR/VESS Guideline for the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2024. [PMID: 38743805 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM The "2024 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/APMA/ABC/SCAI/SVM/SVN/SVS/SIR/VESS Guideline for the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, chronic symptomatic, chronic limb-threatening ischemia, and acute limb ischemia). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from October 2020 to June 2022, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that was published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through May 2023 during the peer review process, were also considered by the writing committee and added to the evidence tables where appropriate. STRUCTURE Recommendations from the "2016 AHA/ACC Guideline on the Management of Patients With Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease" have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with peripheral artery disease have been developed.
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12
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Wu L, Zhang B, Li C, Zhuang Z, Liu K, Chen H, Zhu S, Zhu J, Dai Z, Huang H, Jiang Y. PSCK9 inhibitors reduced early recurrent stroke in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2024; 95:529-535. [PMID: 38212060 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-332392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is prone to cause early recurrent stroke (ERS). Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and prevent cardiovascular events. This multicentre, hospital-based prospective cohort study was designed to investigate whether PCSK9 inhibitors would prevent ERS in patients with symptomatic ICAS. METHODS From 1 October 2020 to 30 September 2022, consecutive patients with acute ischaemic stroke attributed to ICAS admitted within 1 week after onset were enrolled and followed up for 1 month. Patients were divided into two groups, the PCSK9 inhibitors group receiving PCSK9 inhibitors add-on therapy, and the control group receiving statins and/or ezetimibe. The primary outcome was ERS. Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were used to estimate the association between PCSK9 inhibitors and ERS. RESULTS At the end of follow-up, the LDL-C levels were further lowered by PCSK9 inhibitors add-on therapy (n=232, from 3.06±1.16 mmol/L to 2.12±1.19 mmol/L) than statins and/or ezetimibe treatment (n=429, from 2.91±1.05 mmol/L to 2.64±0.86 mmol/L, p<0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that PCSK9 inhibitors add-on therapy significantly reduced ERS (5.59%, 24/429, vs 2.16%, 5/232; log-rank test, p=0.044). The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that, after adjusting for confounders with a p value less than 0.05 in univariate analysis or of particular importance, the HR was 0.335 (95% CI 0.114 to 0.986, p=0.047), compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS In our study, PCSK9 inhibitors add-on therapy further reduced LDL-C levels and ERS in patients with symptomatic ICAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuolin Zhuang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hualin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuanggen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Juehua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Dai
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huameng Huang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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13
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Prochilo G, Pfeffer A, Du S, Kaneko N, Liebeskind DS, Hinman JD. Recent Translational Research Models of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease. Stroke 2024. [PMID: 38738375 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.124.044520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a leading cause of ischemic stroke worldwide. However, research on the pathophysiology of ICAD is scarce due to the relative inaccessibility of histology samples and the lack of comprehensive experimental models. As a result, much of the current understanding of ICAD relies on research on extracranial atherosclerosis. This approach is problematic as intracranial and extracranial arteries are anatomically, structurally, physiologically, and metabolically distinct, indicating that intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis likely develop through different biologic pathways. The current standard of care for ICAD treatment relies predominantly on therapeutics developed to treat extracranial atherosclerosis and is insufficient given the alarmingly high risk of stroke. To provide a definitive treatment for the disease, a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology underlying ICAD is specifically required. True mechanistic understanding of disease pathogenesis is only possible using robust experimental models. In this review, we aim to identify the advantages and limitations of the existing in vivo and in vitro models of ICAD and basic atherosclerotic processes, which may be used to inform better models of ICAD in the future and drive new therapeutic strategies to reduce stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Prochilo
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. (G.P., A.P., S.D., D.S.L., J.D.H.)
| | - Alissa Pfeffer
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. (G.P., A.P., S.D., D.S.L., J.D.H.)
| | - Stephanie Du
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. (G.P., A.P., S.D., D.S.L., J.D.H.)
| | - Naoki Kaneko
- Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. (N.K.)
| | - David S Liebeskind
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. (G.P., A.P., S.D., D.S.L., J.D.H.)
| | - Jason D Hinman
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. (G.P., A.P., S.D., D.S.L., J.D.H.)
- Department of Neurology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (J.D.H.)
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14
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Wang X, Zhou S, Hu X, Ye C, Nie Q, Wang K, Yan S, Lin J, Xu F, Li M, Wu Q, Sun L, Liu B, Zhang Y, Yun C, Wang X, Liu H, Yin WB, Zhao D, Hang J, Zhang S, Jiang C, Pang Y. Candida albicans accelerates atherosclerosis by activating intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor2α signaling. Cell Host Microbe 2024:S1931-3128(24)00137-9. [PMID: 38754418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is closely linked to atherosclerosis. However, the role of intestinal fungi, essential members of the complex microbial community, in atherosclerosis is poorly understood. Herein, we show that gut fungi dysbiosis is implicated in patients with dyslipidemia, characterized by higher levels of Candida albicans (C. albicans), which are positively correlated with plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Furthermore, C. albicans colonization aggravates atherosclerosis progression in a mouse model of the disease. Through gain- and loss-of-function studies, we show that an intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α)-ceramide pathway mediates the effect of C. albicans. Mechanistically, formyl-methionine, a metabolite of C. albicans, activates intestinal HIF-2α signaling, which drives increased ceramide synthesis to accelerate atherosclerosis. Administration of the HIF-2α selective antagonist PT2385 alleviates atherosclerosis in mice by reducing ceramide levels. Our findings identify a role for intestinal fungi in atherosclerosis progression and highlight the intestinal HIF-2α-ceramide pathway as a target for atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chuan Ye
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Janssen China Research & Development, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuyu Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wen-Bing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dongyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yanli Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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15
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Scheidhauer H, Moebius-Winkler S, Aftanski P, Schulze PC, Kretzschmar D. Analysis of interventional treatment options of the common femoral artery - a retrospective single center experience. VASA 2024. [PMID: 38738466 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Background: Due to the rapid development of treatment techniques of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) treatment is nowadays predominantly interventional. An exception are lesions of the common femoral artery (CFA), which should be treated surgically according to vascular guidelines. However, recent evidence has shown that endovascular techniques, e.g. stenting, have comparable clinical outcomes while causing fewer complications. The aim of the present analysis was to evaluate the therapeutic success of endovascular therapy of CFA lesions in a single center, all - comers registry. Patients and methods: All patients who were treated for a CFA lesion at the Department of Internal Medicine I of the University Hospital Jena in the period from 01/2017 to 12/2020 were included. Treatment success was determined by evaluating the ankle-brachial-index (ABI) pre- and post-interventional as well as after follow-up (FU), measuring walking distance (WD) and by target revascularization rate (TLR) and primary patency rate (PPR). Results: The analysis included 109 patients with a mean age of 73.4 years, with 67% (73) of those being men. 72 patients received interventional treatment, whereas 33 were treated surgically and 4 conservatively. Resting ABI in the overall cohort showed an increase from 0.5 to 0.7 post intervention (p=<0.05; mean FU-time: 6.5 months). In the interventional cohort ABI increases from 0.6 to 0.8 (p=<0.05; mean FU-time: 5,8 months) at FU and from 0.3 to 0.6 (p=<0.05; mean FU-time: 8,8 month) in the surgically treated group. The WD improved in the whole collective from 116.5 meter (m) to 152.5 m (p=<0.05). The TLR showed no significant difference with 8.1% after interventional treatment and 6.1% after vascular surgery in the present analysis (p=0.72) as well as PPR with 89.8% after EVT and 90.9% after surgical approach (p=0.87). The intra-/postinterventional complication rate was 5.5% in the intervention group, compared to postoperative complication rate of 15.2% in the surgically treated group. Conclusions: The present analysis demonstrates that even in a real-world, all-comers collective, interventional therapy for CFA lesions was safe and equally effective as the surgically treated patient cohort. Continuing to generate registry data is important to eventually initiate a paradigm shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Scheidhauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
| | - Sven Moebius-Winkler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
| | - Pawel Aftanski
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Kretzschmar
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany
- HUGG-Heart- and vascular medicine Goslar, Goslar, Germany
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16
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Yu W, Zhao Y, Ilyas I, Wang L, Little PJ, Xu S. The natural polyphenol fisetin in atherosclerosis prevention: a mechanistic review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024:rgae053. [PMID: 38733634 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is increasing yearly worldwide. Recently, a growing body of evidence has unveiled the anti-atherosclerotic properties of fisetin, a natural polyphenol compound. In this article, we reviewed the pharmacologic actions of fisetin on experimental atherosclerosis and its protective effects on disease-relevant cell types such as endothelial cells, macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, and platelets. Based on its profound cardiovascular actions, fisetin holds potential for clinical translation and could be developed as a potential therapeutic option for atherosclerosis and its related complications. Large-scale randomized clinical trials are warranted to ascertain the safety and efficacy of fisetin in patients with or high risk for ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
- Anhui Renovo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Anhui Guozheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui, 230041, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Peter J Little
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Xinhua University, No. 721, Guangshan Road 1, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Jiang H, Dong M, Min J, He X, Tan Y, Liu F, Chen M, Chen X, Yin Q, Zheng L, Shao Y, Li X, Chen H. Macrophage MCT4 inhibition activates reparative genes and protects from atherosclerosis by histone H3 lysine 18 lactylation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114180. [PMID: 38733581 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis, accompanied by a switch in core metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. The crosstalk between metabolic rewiring and histone modifications in macrophages is worthy of further investigation. Here, we find that lactate efflux-associated monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4)-mediated histone lactylation is closely related to atherosclerosis. Histone H3 lysine 18 lactylation dependent on MCT4 deficiency activated the transcription of anti-inflammatory genes and tricarboxylic acid cycle genes, resulting in the initiation of local repair and homeostasis. Strikingly, histone lactylation is characteristically involved in the stage-specific local repair process during M1 to M2 transformation, whereas histone methylation and acetylation are not. Gene manipulation and protein hydrolysis-targeted chimerism technology are used to confirm that MCT4 deficiency favors ameliorating atherosclerosis. Therefore, our study shows that macrophage MCT4 deficiency, which links metabolic rewiring and histone modifications, plays a key role in training macrophages to become repair and homeostasis phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Mengdie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jiao Min
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xian He
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yongkang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Fuhao Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Tianyuan Honors School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Minghong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Quanwen Yin
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Longbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211112, China
| | - Yongfeng Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Xuesong Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Hongshan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
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18
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Cao R, Sun R, Ye Y, Tian P, Huang B, Ye H, Dai L, Lan Z, Liu J, Li L. Low shear stress-induced blockage of autophagic flux impairs endothelial barrier and facilitates atherosclerosis in mice. Exp Cell Res 2024:114071. [PMID: 38729336 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis preferentially occurs in areas with low shear stress (LSS) and oscillatory flow. LSS has been demonstrated to correlate with the development of atherosclerosis. The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), involving intravascular blood flow sensing, regulates vascular development and vascular barrier function. However, whether LSS affects atherosclerosis via regulating S1PR1 remains incompletely clear. In this study, immunostaining results of F-actin, β-catenin, and VE-cadherin indicated that LSS impaired endothelial barrier function in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Western blot analysis showed that LSS resulted in blockage of autophagic flux in HUVECs. In addition, autophagy agonist Rapamycin (Rapa) antagonized LSS-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction, whereas autophagic flux inhibitor Bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) exacerbated it, indicating that LSS promoted endothelial barrier dysfunction by triggering autophagic flux blockage. Notably, gene expression analysis revealed that LSS downregulated S1PR1 expression, which was antagonized by Rapa. Selective S1PR1 antagonist W146 impaired endothelial barrier function of HUVECs under high shear stress (HSS) conditions. Moreover, our data showed that expression of GAPARAPL2, a member of autophagy-related gene 8 (Atg8) proteins, was decreased in HUVECs under LSS conditions. Autophagic flux blockage induced by GAPARAPL2 knockdown inhibited S1PR1, aggravated endothelial barrier dysfunction of HUVECs in vitro, and promoted aortic atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice in vivo. Our study demonstrates that autophagic flux blockage induced by LSS downregulates S1PR1 expression and impairs endothelial barrier function. GABARAPL2 inhibition is involved in LSS-induced autophagic flux blockage, which impairs endothelial barrier function via downregulation of S1PR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhao Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Ruxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Yuanzhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Pingge Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Haowen Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Libing Dai
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Zirong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- VIP Medical Service Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China.
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19
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Shimbo D, Cohen MT, McGoldrick M, Ensari I, Diaz KM, Fu J, Duran AT, Zhao S, Suls JM, Burg MM, Chaplin WF. Translational Research of the Acute Effects of Negative Emotions on Vascular Endothelial Health: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032698. [PMID: 38690710 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Provoked anger is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease events. The underlying mechanism linking provoked anger as well as other core negative emotions including anxiety and sadness to cardiovascular disease remain unknown. The study objective was to examine the acute effects of provoked anger, and secondarily, anxiety and sadness on endothelial cell health. METHODS AND RESULTS Apparently healthy adult participants (n=280) were randomized to an 8-minute anger recall task, a depressed mood recall task, an anxiety recall task, or an emotionally neutral condition. Pre-/post-assessments of endothelial health including endothelium-dependent vasodilation (reactive hyperemia index), circulating endothelial cell-derived microparticles (CD62E+, CD31+/CD42-, and CD31+/Annexin V+) and circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (CD34+/CD133+/kinase insert domain receptor+ endothelial progenitor cells and CD34+/kinase insert domain receptor+ endothelial progenitor cells) were measured. There was a group×time interaction for the anger versus neutral condition on the change in reactive hyperemia index score from baseline to 40 minutes (P=0.007) with a mean±SD change in reactive hyperemia index score of 0.20±0.67 and 0.50±0.60 in the anger and neutral conditions, respectively. For the change in reactive hyperemia index score, the anxiety versus neutral condition group by time interaction approached but did not reach statistical significance (P=0.054), and the sadness versus neutral condition group by time interaction was not statistically significant (P=0.160). There were no consistent statistically significant group×time interactions for the anger, anxiety, and sadness versus neutral condition on endothelial cell-derived microparticles and endothelial progenitor cells from baseline to 40 minutes. CONCLUSIONS In this randomized controlled experimental study, a brief provocation of anger adversely affected endothelial cell health by impairing endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Shimbo
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | | | | | - Ipek Ensari
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Keith M Diaz
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Jie Fu
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Andrea T Duran
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Jerry M Suls
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research/Northwell Health New York NY USA
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20
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Li N. Platelets as an inter-player between hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis. J Intern Med 2024. [PMID: 38704820 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Platelet hyperreactivity and hyperlipidaemia contribute significantly to atherosclerosis. Thus, it is desirable to review the platelet-hyperlipidaemia interplay and its impact on atherogenesis. Native low-density lipoprotein (nLDL) and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) are the key proatherosclerotic components of hyperlipidaemia. nLDL binds to the platelet-specific LDL receptor (LDLR) ApoE-R2', whereas oxLDL binds to the platelet-expressed scavenger receptor CD36, lectin-type oxidized LDLR 1 and scavenger receptor class A 1. Ligation of nLDL/oxLDL induces mild platelet activation and may prime platelets for other platelet agonists. Platelets, in turn, can modulate lipoprotein metabolisms. Platelets contribute to LDL oxidation by enhancing the production of reactive oxygen species and LDLR degradation via proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 release. Platelet-released platelet factor 4 and transforming growth factor β modulate LDL uptake and foam cell formation. Thus, platelet dysfunction and hyperlipidaemia work in concert to aggravate atherogenesis. Hypolipidemic drugs modulate platelet function, whereas antiplatelet drugs influence lipid metabolism. The research prospects of the platelet-hyperlipidaemia interplay in atherosclerosis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nailin Li
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine-Solna, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Vuong TNAM, Bartolf-Kopp M, Andelovic K, Jungst T, Farbehi N, Wise SG, Hayward C, Stevens MC, Rnjak-Kovacina J. Integrating Computational and Biological Hemodynamic Approaches to Improve Modeling of Atherosclerotic Arteries. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2307627. [PMID: 38704690 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease, resulting in mortality, elevated healthcare costs, diminished productivity, and reduced quality of life for individuals and their communities. This is exacerbated by the limited understanding of its underlying causes and limitations in current therapeutic interventions, highlighting the need for sophisticated models of atherosclerosis. This review critically evaluates the computational and biological models of atherosclerosis, focusing on the study of hemodynamics in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Computational models account for the geometrical complexities and hemodynamics of the blood vessels and stenoses, but they fail to capture the complex biological processes involved in atherosclerosis. Different in vitro and in vivo biological models can capture aspects of the biological complexity of healthy and stenosed vessels, but rarely mimic the human anatomy and physiological hemodynamics, and require significantly more time, cost, and resources. Therefore, emerging strategies are examined that integrate computational and biological models, and the potential of advances in imaging, biofabrication, and machine learning is explored in developing more effective models of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Bartolf-Kopp
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Andelovic
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584, Netherlands
| | - Nona Farbehi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Garvan Weizmann Center for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Steven G Wise
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Christopher Hayward
- St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, 2010, Australia
| | - Michael Charles Stevens
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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22
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Rawal S, Randhawa V, Rizvi SHM, Sachan M, Wara AK, Pérez-Cremades D, Weisbrod RM, Hamburg NM, Feinberg MW. miR-369-3p ameliorates diabetes-associated atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage succinate-GPR91 signaling. Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae102. [PMID: 38703377 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes leads to dysregulated macrophage immunometabolism, contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis progression. Identifying critical factors to restore metabolic alterations and promote resolution of inflammation remains an unmet goal. MicroRNAs (miRs) orchestrate multiple signaling events in macrophages, yet their therapeutic potential in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS MiRNA profiling revealed significantly lower miR-369-3p expression in aortic intimal lesions from Ldlr-/- mice on a high-fat sucrose containing (HFSC) diet for 12 weeks. miR-369-3p was also reduced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Cell-type expression profiling showed miR-369-3p enrichment in aortic macrophages. In vitro, oxLDL treatment reduced miR-369-3p expression in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Metabolic profiling in BMDMs revealed that miR-369-3p overexpression blocked the oxLDL-mediated increase in the cellular metabolite succinate and reduced mitochondrial respiration (OXPHOS) and inflammation (lL-1β, TNF-a, IL-6). Mechanistically, miR-369-3p targeted the succinate receptor (GPR91) and alleviated the oxLDL-induced activation of inflammasome signaling pathways. Therapeutic administration of miR-369-3p mimics in HFSC-fed Ldlr-/- mice reduced GPR91 expression in lesional macrophages and diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis, evident by a decrease in plaque size and pro-inflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes. RNA-seq analyses showed more pro-resolving pathways in plaque macrophages from miR-369-3p treated mice, consistent with an increase in macrophage efferocytosis in lesions. Finally, a GPR91 antagonist attenuated oxLDL-induced inflammation in primary monocytes from human subjects with diabetes. CONCLUSION These findings establish a therapeutic role for miR-369-3p in halting diabetes-associated atherosclerosis by regulating GPR91 and macrophage succinate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Rawal
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vinay Randhawa
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Syed Husain Mustafa Rizvi
- Vascular Biology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, And Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Madhur Sachan
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Akm Khyrul Wara
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Pérez-Cremades
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Robert M Weisbrod
- Vascular Biology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, And Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naomi M Hamburg
- Vascular Biology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, And Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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23
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Li Z, Zhou Y, Lai M, Luo J, Yan F. Acoustic Delivery of Plasma Low-Density Lipoprotein into Liver via ApoB100-Targeted Microbubbles Inhibits Atherosclerotic Plaque Growth. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024. [PMID: 38700017 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which accounts for the majority of mortality worldwide. A significantly increased plasma level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids, free cholesterol, and one apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100) in the blood, plays the most significant role in driving the development of atherosclerosis. Commercially available cholesterol-lowering drugs are not sufficient for preventing recurrent cardiovascular events. Developing alternative strategies to decrease the plasma cholesterol levels is desirable. Herein, we develop an approach for reducing LDL-C levels using gas-filled microbubbles (MBs) that were coated with anti-ApoB100 antibodies. These targeted MBApoB100 could selectively capture LDL particles in the bloodstream through forming LDL-MBApoB100 complexes and transport them to the liver for degradation. Further immunofluorescence staining and lipidomic analyses showed that these LDL-MBApoB100 complexes may be taken up by Kupffer cells and delivered to liver cells and bile acids, greatly inhibiting atherosclerotic plaque growth. More importantly, ultrasound irradiation of these LDL-MBApoB100 complexes that accumulated in the liver may induce acoustic cavitation effects, significantly enhancing the delivery of LDL into liver cells and accelerating their degradation. Our study provides a strategy for decreasing LDL-C levels and inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Manlin Lai
- Department of Medical Imaging-Ultrasound Division, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
| | - Jingna Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fei Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Lv F, Fang H, Huang L, Wang Q, Cao S, Zhao W, Zhou Z, Zhou W, Wang X. Curcumin Equipped Nanozyme-Like Metal-Organic Framework Platform for the Targeted Atherosclerosis Treatment with Lipid Regulation and Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Capability. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2309062. [PMID: 38696653 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has become the leading cause of death worldwide, and early diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis (AS) are crucial for reducing the occurrence of acute cardiovascular events. However, early diagnosis of AS is challenging, and oral anti-AS drugs suffer from limitations like imprecise targeting and low bioavailability. To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, Cur/MOF@DS is developed, a nanoplatform integrating diagnosis and treatment by loading curcumin (Cur) into metal-organic frameworks with nanozymes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) properties. In addition, the surface-modification of dextran sulfate (DS) enables PCN-222(Mn) effectively target scavenger receptor class A in macrophages or foam cells within the plaque region. This nanoplatform employs mechanisms that effectively scavenge excessive reactive oxygen species in the plaque microenvironment, promote macrophage autophagy and regulate macrophage polarization to realize lipid regulation. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirm that this nanoplatform has outstanding MRI performance and anti-AS effects, which may provide a new option for early diagnosis and treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanzhen Lv
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Huaqiang Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Shuangyuan Cao
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Zhibin Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Weimin Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
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Karnewar S, Karnewar V, Deaton R, Shankman LS, Benavente ED, Williams CM, Bradley X, Alencar GF, Bulut GB, Kirmani S, Baylis RA, Zunder ER, den Ruijter HM, Pasterkamp G, Owens GK. IL-1β Inhibition Partially Negates the Beneficial Effects of Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis Regression in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024. [PMID: 38695167 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.320800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thromboembolic events secondary to rupture or erosion of advanced atherosclerotic lesions is the global leading cause of death. The most common and effective means to reduce these major adverse cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and stroke, is aggressive lipid lowering via a combination of drugs and dietary modifications. However, we know little regarding the effects of reducing dietary lipids on the composition and stability of advanced atherosclerotic lesions, the mechanisms that regulate these processes, and what therapeutic approaches might augment the benefits of lipid lowering. METHODS Smooth muscle cell lineage-tracing Apoe-/- mice were fed a high-cholesterol Western diet for 18 weeks and then a zero-cholesterol standard laboratory diet for 12 weeks before treating them with an IL (interleukin)-1β or control antibody for 8 weeks. We assessed lesion size and remodeling indices, as well as the cellular composition of aortic and brachiocephalic artery lesions, indices of plaque stability, overall plaque burden, and phenotypic transitions of smooth muscle cell and other lesion cells by smooth muscle cell lineage tracing combined with single-cell RNA sequencing, cytometry by time-of-flight, and immunostaining plus high-resolution confocal microscopic z-stack analysis. RESULTS Lipid lowering by switching Apoe-/- mice from a Western diet to a standard laboratory diet reduced LDL cholesterol levels by 70% and resulted in multiple beneficial effects including reduced overall aortic plaque burden, as well as reduced intraplaque hemorrhage and necrotic core area. However, contrary to expectations, IL-1β antibody treatment after diet-induced reductions in lipids resulted in multiple detrimental changes including increased plaque burden and brachiocephalic artery lesion size, as well as increasedintraplaque hemorrhage, necrotic core area, and senescence as compared with IgG control antibody-treated mice. Furthermore, IL-1β antibody treatment upregulated neutrophil degranulation pathways but downregulated smooth muscle cell extracellular matrix pathways likely important for the protective fibrous cap. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, IL-1β appears to be required for the maintenance of standard laboratory diet-induced reductions in plaque burden and increases in multiple indices of plaque stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Karnewar
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Vaishnavi Karnewar
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Rebecca Deaton
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Laura S Shankman
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Ernest D Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands (E.D.B., H.M.d.R., G.P.)
| | - Corey M Williams
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Xenia Bradley
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Gabriel F Alencar
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Gamze B Bulut
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Sara Kirmani
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Richard A Baylis
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Eli R Zunder
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands (E.D.B., H.M.d.R., G.P.)
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands (E.D.B., H.M.d.R., G.P.)
| | - Gary K Owens
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (S. Karnewar, V.K., R.D., L.S.S., C.M.W., X.B., G.F.A., G.B.B., S. Kirmani, R.A.B., E.R.Z., G.K.O.)
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26
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Nankivell V, Vidanapathirana AK, Hoogendoorn A, Tan JTM, Verjans J, Psaltis PJ, Hutchinson MR, Gibson BC, Lu Y, Goldys E, Zheng G, Bursill CA. Targeting macrophages with multifunctional nanoparticles to detect and prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae099. [PMID: 38696700 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the emergence of novel diagnostic, pharmacological, interventional and prevention strategies, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Nanoparticle-based platforms encompass diverse imaging, delivery and pharmacological properties that provide novel opportunities for refining diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for atherosclerosis at the cellular and molecular level. Macrophages play a critical role in atherosclerosis and therefore represent an important disease-related diagnostic and therapeutic target, especially given their inherent ability for passive and active nanoparticle uptake. In this review, we discuss an array of inorganic, carbon-based and lipid-based nanoparticles that provide magnetic, radiographic and fluorescent imaging capabilities for a range of highly promising research and clinical applications in atherosclerosis. We discuss the design of nanoparticles that target a range of macrophage-related functions such as lipoprotein oxidation, cholesterol efflux, vascular inflammation and defective efferocytosis. We also provide examples of nanoparticle systems that were developed for other pathologies such as cancer and highlight their potential for repurposing in cardiovascular disease. Finally, we discuss the current state of play and the future of theranostic nanoparticles. Whilst this is not without its challenges, the array of multifunctional capabilities that are possible in nanoparticle design ensures they will be part of the next frontier of exciting new therapies that simultaneously improve the accuracy of plaque diagnosis and more effectively reduce atherosclerosis with limited side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Nankivell
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Achini K Vidanapathirana
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ayla Hoogendoorn
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Joanne T M Tan
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Johan Verjans
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Brant C Gibson
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yiqing Lu
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eva Goldys
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - Gang Zheng
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christina A Bursill
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP)
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Bernhard D, Messner B. Vaping Versus Smoking: Are Electronic-Cigarettes the Savior? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1012-1015. [PMID: 38657033 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- David Bernhard
- Division of Pathophysiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology (D.B.)
- Medical Faculty, Johannes-Kepler-University Linz, Austria (D.B.)
- Clinical Research Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Medical Faculty, Johannes-Kepler-University Linz, Austria (D.B.)
| | - Barbara Messner
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, Austria (B.M.)
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28
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Derler M, Teubenbacher T, Carapuig A, Nieswandt B, Fessler J, Kolb D, Mussbacher M. Platelets induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in macrophages in vitro. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:1475-1488. [PMID: 38278417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key feature of lipid-laden macrophages and contributes to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Blood platelets are known to interact with macrophages and fine-tune effector functions such as inflammasome activation and phagocytosis. However, the effect of platelets on ER stress induction is unknown. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to elucidate the potential of platelets in regulating ER stress in macrophages in vitro. METHODS Bone marrow-derived macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with isolated murine platelets, and ER stress and inflammation markers were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ER morphology was investigated by electron microscopy. Cell viability, lipid accumulation, and activation were measured by flow cytometry. To gain mechanistic insights, coincubation experiments were performed with platelet decoys/releasates as well as lipopolysaccharide, blocking antibodies, and TLR4 inhibitors. RESULTS Coincubation of platelets and macrophages led to elevated levels of ER stress markers (BIP, IRE1α, CHOP, and XBP1 splicing) in murine and human macrophages, which led to a pronounced enlargement of the ER. Macrophage ER stress was accompanied by increased release of proinflammatory cytokines and intracellular lipid accumulation, but not cell death. Platelet decoys, but not platelet releasates or lysate from other cells, phenocopied the effect of platelets. Blocking TLR4 inhibited inflammatory activation of macrophages but did not affect ER stress induction by platelet coincubation. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that platelets induce ER stress and unfolded protein response in macrophages by heat-sensitive membrane proteins, independent of inflammatory activation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Derler
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Theresa Teubenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Carapuig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Chair of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Fessler
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Center for Medical Research, Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Division of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marion Mussbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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29
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Li J, Tian Y, Shi Y, Cui Y, Lian J, Liu P. Association of vulnerable plaques with white matter hyperintensities on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2024; 14:3606-3618. [PMID: 38720851 PMCID: PMC11074730 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Background One of the widespread manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) of the brain parenchyma is white matter lesion, which appears as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Previous studies have illustrated that large artery atherosclerosis is related to CSVD, but the precise progress of pathogenesis remains unknown. High-resolution MRI (HR-MRI) has the ability to delineate intracranial vascular walls, enabling a thorough exploration of the structure and composition of unstable plaques. This study aimed to apply HR-MRI to characterize the wall changes and plaque characteristics of middle cerebral arteries in patients with WMHs and to investigate the correlation between plaque vulnerability parameters and different degrees of WMHs. Methods In this study, 138 patients with acute ischemic stroke at Harbin Medical University's First Clinical Hospital (May 2021 to October 2023) were cross-sectionally reviewed and underwent conventional brain and HR-MRI using T1-weighted 3D volumetric isotropic turbo spin echo acquisition (T1W-3D-VISTA) of the unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA). According to Fazekas grade (0-6), the patients were divided into two groups: Fazekas score 0-2, no-or-mild WMHs; and Fazekas 3-6, moderate-to-severe WMHs. The intraplaque hemorrhage, plaque distribution, plaque enhancement, plaque load, remodeling pattern, and stenosis of the two groups were measured. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between vulnerable plaques and WMHs. Results Of the participants who were initially considered for inclusion, 71 were deemed eligible, among whom 34 were placed in the no-or-mild WMH group and 37 in the moderate-to-severe WMH group. Between the two groups, there were significant differences in intraplaque hemorrhage (P=0.01), a wide distribution (P=0.02), and plaque enhancement (P=0.02). Univariate analysis showed that WMHs were associated with age [odds ratio (OR) =1.080; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.020-1.144; P=0.008], hypertension (OR =3.500; 95% CI: 1.276-9.597; P=0.01), intraplaque hemorrhage (OR =3.955; 95% CI: 1.247-12.538; P=0.02), a wide distribution (OR =3.067; 95% CI: 1.159-8.115; P=0.02), and significant plaque enhancement (OR =4.372; 95% CI: 1.101-17.358; P=0.03); however, the multivariate results showed that the only independent factors associated with WMHs were age (OR =1.095; 95% CI: 1.019-1.176; P=0.01) and intraplaque hemorrhage (OR =5.88; 95% CI: 1.466-23.592; P=0.01). Conclusions Our findings suggest that age and intraplaque hemorrhage may be associated with more severe WMHs in patients with acute ischemic stroke, which may be helpful for further clinical examination and intervention treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingzhe Cui
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Brakenhielm E, Sultan I, Alitalo K. Cardiac Lymphangiogenesis in CVDs. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1016-1020. [PMID: 38657034 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebba Brakenhielm
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1096, ENVI Laboratory, Normandy University, UniRouen, France (E.B.)
| | - Ibrahim Sultan
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (I.S., K.A.)
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland (I.S., K.A.)
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Meng Z, Liu C, Xu M, Tao Y, Li H, Wang X, Liao J, Wang M. Adipose transplantation improves metabolism and atherosclerosis but not perivascular adipose tissue abnormality or vascular dysfunction in lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe null mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1410-C1422. [PMID: 38525541 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00698.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Adipose dysfunction in lipodystrophic SEIPIN deficiency is associated with multiple metabolic disorders and increased risks of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure. Recently, adipose transplantation has been found to correct adipose dysfunction and metabolic disorders in lipodystrophic Seipin knockout mice; however, whether adipose transplantation could improve lipodystrophy-associated cardiovascular consequences is still unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of adipose transplantation on lipodystrophy-associated metabolic cardiovascular diseases in Seipin knockout mice crossed into atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E (Apoe) knockout background. At 2 months of age, lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice and nonlipodystrophic Apoe knockout controls were subjected to adipose transplantation or sham operation. Seven months later, mice were euthanized. Our data showed that although adipose transplantation had no significant impact on endogenous adipose atrophy or gene expression, it remarkably increased plasma leptin but not adiponectin concentration in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice. This led to significantly reduced hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice. Consequently, atherosclerosis burden, intraplaque macrophage infiltration, and aortic inflammatory gene expression were all attenuated in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice with adipose transplantation. However, adipocyte morphology, macrophage infiltration, or fibrosis of the perivascular adipose tissue was not altered in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice with adipose transplantation, followed by no significant improvement of vasoconstriction or relaxation. In conclusion, we demonstrate that adipose transplantation could alleviate lipodystrophy-associated metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis but has an almost null impact on perivascular adipose abnormality or vascular dysfunction in lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Adipose transplantation (AT) reverses multiply metabolic derangements in lipodystrophy, but whether it could improve lipodystrophy-related cardiovascular consequences is unknown. Here, using Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice as a lipodystrophy disease model, we showed that AT partially restored adipose functionality, which translated into significantly reduced atherosclerosis. However, AT was incapable of reversing perivascular adipose abnormality or vascular dysfunction. The current study provides preliminary experimental evidence on the therapeutic potential of AT on lipodystrophy-related metabolic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Meng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chuangxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengke Xu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongqiang Tao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xijia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiawei Liao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Ritsvall O, Albinsson S. Emerging role of YAP/TAZ in vascular mechanotransduction and disease. Microcirculation 2024; 31:e12838. [PMID: 38011540 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cells have an incredible ability to physically interact with neighboring cells and their environment. They can detect and respond to mechanical forces by converting mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals in a process known as mechanotransduction. This is a key process for the adaption of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells to altered flow and pressure conditions. Mechanical stimuli, referring to a physical force exerted on cells, are primarily sensed by transmembrane proteins and the actin cytoskeleton, which initiate a cascade of intracellular events, including the activation of signaling pathways, ion channels, and transcriptional regulators. Recent work has highlighted an important role of the transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ for mechanotransduction in vascular cells. Interestingly, the activity of YAP/TAZ decreases with age, providing a potential mechanism for the detrimental effects of aging in the vascular wall. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the functional role of YAP and TAZ in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells for mechanotransduction in homeostasis and disease. In particular, the review is focused on in vivo observations from conditional knockout (KO) models of YAP/TAZ and the potential implications these studies may have for our understanding of vascular disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Ritsvall
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Molecular Vascular Physiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Albinsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Molecular Vascular Physiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Sharma H, Mossman K, Austin RC. Fatal attractions that trigger inflammation and drive atherosclerotic disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14169. [PMID: 38287209 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is the salient, underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, pulmonary embolism and myocardial infarction. In recent years, atherosclerosis pathophysiology has evolved from a lipid-based to an inflammation-centric ideology. METHODS This narrative review is comprised of review and original articles that were found through the PubMed search engine. The following search terms or amalgamation of terms were used: "cardiovascular disease," "atherosclerosis," "inflammation," "GRP78," "Hsp60," "oxidative low-density lipoproteins," "aldehyde dehydrogenase," "β2-glycoprotein," "lipoprotein lipase A," "human cytomegalovirus." "SARS-CoV-2," "chlamydia pneumonia," "autophagy," "thrombosis" and "therapeutics." RESULTS Emerging evidence supports the concept that atherosclerosis is associated with the interaction between cell surface expression of stress response chaperones, including GRP78 and Hsp60, and their respective autoantibodies. Moreover, various other autoantigens and their autoantibodies have displayed a compelling connection with the development of atherosclerosis, including oxidative low-density lipoproteins, aldehyde dehydrogenase, β2-glycoprotein and lipoprotein lipase A. Atherosclerosis progression is also concurrent with viral and bacterial activators of various diseases. This narrative review will focus on the contributions of human cytomegalovirus as well as SARS-CoV-2 and chlamydia pneumonia in atherosclerosis development. Notably, the interaction of an autoantigen with their respective autoantibodies or the presence of a foreign antigen can enhance inflammation development, which leads to atherosclerotic lesion progression. CONCLUSION We will highlight and discuss the complex role of the interaction between autoantigens and autoantibodies, and the presence of foreign antigens in the development of atherosclerotic lesions in relationship to pro-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Sharma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Mossman
- Department of Medicine, Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research and the McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Yuan X, Jiang C, Xue Y, Guo F, Luo M, Guo L, Gao Y, Yuan T, Xu H, Chen H. KLF13 promotes VSMCs phenotypic dedifferentiation by directly binding to the SM22α promoter. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31251. [PMID: 38634445 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 13 (KLF13), a zinc finger transcription factor, is considered as a potential regulator of cardiomyocyte differentiation and proliferation during heart morphogenesis. However, its precise role in the dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during atherosclerosis and neointimal formation after injury remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between KLF13 and SM22α expression in normal and atherosclerotic plaques by bioanalysis, and observed a significant increase in KLF13 levels in the atherosclerotic plaques of both human patients and ApoE-/- mice. Knockdown of KLF13 was found to ameliorate intimal hyperplasia following carotid artery injury. Furthermore, we discovered that KLF13 directly binds to the SM22α promoter, leading to the phenotypic dedifferentiation of VSMCs. Remarkably, we observed a significant inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor BB-induced VSMCs dedifferentiation, proliferation, and migration when knocked down KLF13 in VSMCs. This inhibitory effect of KLF13 knockdown on VCMC function was, at least in part, mediated by the inactivation of p-AKT signaling in VSMCs. Overall, our findings shed light on a potential therapeutic target for treating atherosclerotic lesions and restenosis after vascular injury.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Cell Dedifferentiation
- Humans
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Mice
- Signal Transduction
- Phenotype
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Male
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics
- Neointima/metabolism
- Neointima/pathology
- Neointima/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yuan
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuzhou Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fuqiang Guo
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Minghao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tongling Yuan
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of General Practice, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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35
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Hauge MG, Linde JJ, Kofoed KF, Ersbøll AS, Johansen M, Sigvardsen PE, Fuchs A, Mikkelsen AP, Gustafsson F, Damm P. Early-onset vs late-onset preeclampsia and risk of coronary atherosclerosis later in life: a clinical follow-up study. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2024; 6:101371. [PMID: 38588914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Younger women with previous preeclampsia have an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis. It is unknown if this risk is associated with the time of onset of preeclampsia. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate if women with early-onset preeclampsia have a higher risk of coronary atherosclerosis compared with women with late-onset preeclampsia, independent of other perinatal risk factors. STUDY DESIGN A total of 911 women with previous preeclampsia aged 35 to 55 years participated in a clinical follow-up study, including clinical examination, comprehensive questionnaires, and cardiac computed tomography scan 13 years (range, 0-28) after index pregnancy. Early- and late-onset preeclampsia were defined as gestational age at delivery of <34+0 and ≥34+0 gestational weeks, respectively. The primary outcome of the study was the presence of coronary atherosclerosis on the cardiac computed tomography. A logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between time of onset of preeclampsia, perinatal risk factors, and the primary outcome. RESULTS Women with early-onset preeclampsia (N=139) were older (46.2±5.7 vs 44.4±5.5 years; P<.001), more likely to have hypertension (51.1% vs 35.1%; P≤.001), and had a higher body mass index (27.9±6.3 vs 26.9±5.5 kg/m2; P=.051) compared with women with late-onset preeclampsia (N=772) at follow-up. The prevalence of the primary outcome (coronary atherosclerosis) on the cardiac computed tomography among women with early- and late-onset preeclampsia was 28.8% vs 22.2%, respectively (P=.088; adjusted odds ratio, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-3.01; P=.045 after adjustment for maternal age at index pregnancy, prepregnancy body mass index, parity, diabetes in pregnancy, smoking in pregnancy, offspring birthweight and sex, and follow-up length). CONCLUSION Women with early-onset preeclampsia had a slightly higher risk of coronary atherosclerosis compared with women with late-onset preeclampsia. However, according to the current evidence, it does not seem indicated to limit screening, diagnostic, and preventive measures for cardiovascular disease only to women with early-onset preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Hauge
- Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Ersbøll, Johansen, Mikkelsen, and Damm); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Kofoed, Gustafsson, and Damm).
| | - Jesper J Linde
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Linde, Kofoed, Sigvardsen, Fuchs, and Gustafsson)
| | - Klaus F Kofoed
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Linde, Kofoed, Sigvardsen, Fuchs, and Gustafsson); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Kofoed, Gustafsson, and Damm); Department of Radiology, The Diagnostic Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Dr Kofoed)
| | - Anne S Ersbøll
- Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Ersbøll, Johansen, Mikkelsen, and Damm)
| | - Marianne Johansen
- Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Ersbøll, Johansen, Mikkelsen, and Damm)
| | - Per E Sigvardsen
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Linde, Kofoed, Sigvardsen, Fuchs, and Gustafsson)
| | - Andreas Fuchs
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Linde, Kofoed, Sigvardsen, Fuchs, and Gustafsson)
| | - Anders P Mikkelsen
- Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Ersbøll, Johansen, Mikkelsen, and Damm); Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark (Dr Mikkelsen)
| | - Finn Gustafsson
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Linde, Kofoed, Sigvardsen, Fuchs, and Gustafsson); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Kofoed, Gustafsson, and Damm)
| | - Peter Damm
- Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Ersbøll, Johansen, Mikkelsen, and Damm); Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Drs Hauge, Kofoed, Gustafsson, and Damm)
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36
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Mallat Z, Tedgui A. Century of Milestones and Breakthroughs Related to the Immune Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1002-1006. [PMID: 38657035 PMCID: PMC11042514 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.319397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Mallat
- Department of Medicine, Section of CardioRespiratory Medicine, Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université de Paris, France (Z.M., A.T.)
| | - Alain Tedgui
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université de Paris, France (Z.M., A.T.)
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Xiong X, Yan Z, Yan L, Yang X, Li D, Lin G. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins impair the pro-atherosclerotic effect of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor-producing T helper cells on macrophages. Scand J Immunol 2024; 99:e13362. [PMID: 38605563 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, the presence and function of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing T helper (ThGM) cells in atherosclerosis development is unknown. This study aims to characterize the phenotype and function of ThGM cells in experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice with a high-fat diet. Aortic ThGM cells were detected and sorted by flow cytometry. The effect of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on ThGM cells and the impact of ThGM cells on macrophages were evaluated by flow cytometry, quantitative RT-PCR, oxLDL binding/uptake assay, immunoblotting and foam cell formation assay. We found that GM-CSF+IFN-γ- ThGM cells existed in atherosclerotic aortas. Live ThGM cells were enriched in aortic CD4+CCR6-CCR8-CXCR3-CCR10+ T cells. Aortic ThGM cells triggered the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in macrophages. Besides, aortic ThGM cells expressed higher CD69 than other T cells and bound to oxLDL. oxLDL suppressed the cytokine expression in ThGM cells probably via inhibiting the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) signalling. Furthermore, oxLDL alleviated the effect of ThGM cells on inducing macrophages to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and generate foam cells. The nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A (NR4A) members NR4A1 and NR4A2 were involved in the suppressive effect of oxLDL on ThGM cells. Collectively, oxLDL suppressed the supportive effect of ThGM cells on pro-atherosclerotic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Xiong
- The Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- The Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Long Yan
- The Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuexue Yang
- The Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- The Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guizhen Lin
- The Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei Province, China
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38
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Khattar G, Asmar S, Sanayeh EB, Keesari P, Rahi W, Sakr F, Khoury M, Cinelli M, Lee S, Weinberg M, Kowalski M, Parikh V. Unveiling the Hidden Stroke Threat in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Am J Cardiol 2024; 218:94-101. [PMID: 38452840 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Recent American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), and Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) guidelines suggest that patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at intermediate to low annual risk of ischemic stroke can benefit from consideration of factors that might modify their risk of stroke. The role of nontraditional risk factors, such as primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), remains unexplored. In our study, we investigated the potential association between PHPT and the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with AF. Using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database, a retrospective cohort study focused on the adult population with AF, we stratified the participants based on PHPT presence. Demographic information, co-morbidities, and hospitalization details were extracted using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth revision codes. Propensity score matching was applied, encompassing over 20 confounding variables, including the risk factors outlined in the CHA2DS2-VASc (Congestive heart failure (C), Hypertension (H), Age ≥75 years (A₂), Diabetes Mellitus (D), Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)/Thromboembolism (S₂), Vascular disease (V), Age 65-74 years (A), Sex category [female] (Sc)) score. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed after matching to assess the independent impact of PHPT as an ischemic stroke risk factor. A total of 2,051 of the identified 395,249 patients with AF had PHPT. The PHPT group had an average age of 74 years and consisted of more women (66.1% vs 53.0%). After matching, it was observed that the PHPT group had longer hospital stays (5 vs 4 days) and higher hospitalization charges ($45,126 vs $36,644). This group exhibited higher rates of ischemic stroke (6.0% vs 4.4%) and mortality (6.3% vs 4.9%). The adjusted outcomes showed a 1.4-fold increased risk for ischemic stroke and a 1.32-fold increased risk for mortality in the PHPT cohort. The subgroup analysis showed a higher incidence of mortality in men with a high CHA2DS2-VASc score. In conclusion, this study highlights a marked association between PHPT and ischemic stroke in patients with AF, independent of the conventional CHA2DS2-VASc score. The potential mechanisms implicated include vascular changes, cardiac dysfunction, and coagulation cascade alterations. The presence of PHPT should be taken into consideration when deciding the assessment of thromboembolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Khattar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York.
| | - Samer Asmar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York
| | - Elie Bou Sanayeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York
| | - Praneeth Keesari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York
| | - Wissam Rahi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lankeneau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania; Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Fouad Sakr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York
| | - Michel Khoury
- Department of Cardiology, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York
| | - Michael Cinelli
- Department of Cardiology, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York
| | - Samantha Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York
| | - Mitchell Weinberg
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York; Chair of Cardiology, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York
| | - Marcin Kowalski
- Department of Cardiology, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York; Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York; Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York
| | - Valay Parikh
- Department of Cardiology, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York; Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Staten Island University Hospital/Northwell Health, Staten Island, New York; Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York
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39
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Cheng J, Pan W, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Chen L, Huang H, Chen Y, Wu R. Piezocatalytic Schottky Junction Treats Atherosclerosis by a Biomimetic Trojan Horse Strategy. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2312102. [PMID: 38289723 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque is characterized by the foamy macrophage burden, involving impaired cholesterol efflux and deficient efferocytosis. Correspondingly, piezocatalytic therapy is an emerging solution for eliminating the foamy macrophage burden with satisfactory spatiotemporal controllability and deep penetration depth. Herein, a biomimetic Trojan horse (Au-ZnO@MM) is engineered by coating the macrophage membrane (MM) onto the surface of a rod-like Au-ZnO Schottky Junction to effectively relieve the atherosclerotic progression. These Trojan horses with the coating of MM are actively transported into subsistent foamy macrophages and generate abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) via ultrasound-activated piezocatalysis. ROS-initiated autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction induce substantial cell apoptosis, alleviating the burden of subsistent foamy macrophages. The resulting apoptotic fragments further significantly facilitate cholesterol excretion and trigger efferocytosis of intraplaque fresh macrophages. Ultimately, the biomimetic Au-ZnO@MM piezocatalyst not only inhibits the foaming capacity of macrophages, but also improves the function of removing cell debris, which can stabilize atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque. Meanwhile, the plasmon resonance effect of integrated gold nanoparticles enables favorable photoacoustic molecular imaging for real-time image-guided atherosclerotic therapy. This proposed biomimetic Trojan horse strategy provides the paradigm of employing ultrasound-activated piezocatalytic methodology for enhanced atherosclerotic theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Wenqi Pan
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325088, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai, 200051, P. R. China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
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Zhang D, Chen K, Shan LS. Meta-analysis and transcriptomic analysis reveal that NKRF and ZBTB17 regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway, contributing to the shared molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14683. [PMID: 38738952 PMCID: PMC11090078 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) and atherosclerosis (AS) are widespread diseases predominantly observed in the elderly population. Despite their prevalence, the underlying molecular interconnections between these two conditions are not well understood. METHODS Utilizing meta-analysis, bioinformatics methodologies, and the GEO database, we systematically analyzed transcriptome data to pinpoint key genes concurrently differentially expressed in AD and AS. Our experimental validations in mouse models highlighted the prominence of two genes, NKRF (NF-κB-repressing factor) and ZBTB17 (MYC-interacting zinc-finger protein 1). RESULTS These genes appear to influence the progression of both AD and AS by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, as confirmed through subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies. CONCLUSIONS This research uncovers a novel shared molecular pathway between AD and AS, underscoring the significant roles of NKRF and ZBTB17 in the pathogenesis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Department of CardiologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Keyan Chen
- Laboratory Animal Science of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Li Shen Shan
- Department of PediatricsShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
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Zhang Y, Luo S, Gao Y, Tong W, Sun S. High-Density Lipoprotein Subfractions Remodeling: A Critical Process for the Treatment of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Angiology 2024; 75:441-453. [PMID: 36788038 DOI: 10.1177/00033197231157473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is an independent biomarker of cardiovascular disease. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered to be a protective factor for atherosclerosis (AS). Therefore, raising HDL-C has been widely recognized as a promising strategy to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). However, several studies have found that increasing HDL-C levels does not necessarily reduce the risk of ASCVD. HDL particles are highly heterogeneous in structure, composition, and biological function. Moreover, HDL particles from atherosclerotic patients exhibit impaired anti-atherogenic functions and these dysfunctional HDL particles might even promote ASCVD. This makes it uncertain that HDL-raising therapy will prevent and treat ASCVD. It is necessary to comprehensively analyze the structure and function of HDL subfractions. We review current advances related to HDL subfractions remodeling and highlight how current lipid-modifying drugs such as niacin, statins, fibrates, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors regulate cholesterol concentration of HDL and specific HDL subfractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wenjuan Tong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shaowei Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Chuang ST, Stein JB, Nevins S, Kilic Bektas C, Choi HK, Ko WK, Jang H, Ha J, Lee KB. Enhancing CAR Macrophage Efferocytosis Via Surface Engineered Lipid Nanoparticles Targeting LXR Signaling. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2308377. [PMID: 38353580 PMCID: PMC11081841 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The removal of dying cells, or efferocytosis, is an indispensable part of resolving inflammation. However, the inflammatory microenvironment of the atherosclerotic plaque frequently affects the biology of both apoptotic cells and resident phagocytes, rendering efferocytosis dysfunctional. To overcome this problem, a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) macrophage that can target and engulf phagocytosis-resistant apoptotic cells expressing CD47 is developed. In both normal and inflammatory circumstances, CAR macrophages exhibit activity equivalent to antibody blockage. The surface of CAR macrophages is modified with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive therapeutic nanoparticles targeting the liver X receptor pathway to improve their cell effector activities. The combination of CAR and nanoparticle engineering activated lipid efflux pumps enhances cell debris clearance and reduces inflammation. It is further suggested that the undifferentiated CAR-Ms can transmigrate within a mico-fabricated vessel system. It is also shown that our CAR macrophage can act as a chimeric switch receptor (CSR) to withstand the immunosuppressive inflammatory environment. The developed platform has the potential to contribute to the advancement of next-generation cardiovascular disease therapies and further studies include in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skylar T Chuang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Joshua B Stein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Sarah Nevins
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Cemile Kilic Bektas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hye Kyu Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Wan-Kyu Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hyunjun Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jihun Ha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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Daugherty A, Sawada H, Sheppard MB, Lu HS. Angiotensinogen as a Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1021-1030. [PMID: 38572647 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.318374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
AGT (angiotensinogen) is the unique precursor for the generation of all the peptides of the renin-angiotensin system, but it has received relatively scant attention compared to many other renin-angiotensin system components. Focus on AGT has increased recently, particularly with the evolution of drugs to target the synthesis of the protein. AGT is a noninhibitory serpin that has several conserved domains in addition to the angiotensin II sequences at the N terminus. Increased study is needed on the structure-function relationship to resolve many unknowns regarding AGT metabolism. Constitutive whole-body genetic deletion of Agt in mice leads to multiple developmental defects creating a challenge to use these mice for mechanistic studies. This has been overcome by creating Agt-floxed mice to enable the development of cell-specific deficiencies that have provided considerable insight into a range of cardiovascular and associated diseases. This has been augmented by the recent development of pharmacological approaches targeting hepatocytes in humans to promote protracted inhibition of AGT synthesis. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of Agt has been demonstrated to be beneficial in a spectrum of diseases experimentally, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, aortic and superior mesenteric artery aneurysms, myocardial dysfunction, and hepatic steatosis. This review summarizes the findings of recent studies utilizing AGT manipulation as a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Aortic Center (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Physiology (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Aortic Center (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Physiology (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Mary B Sheppard
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Aortic Center (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Physiology (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Family and Community Medicine (M.B.S.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Surgery (M.B.S.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Hong S Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Saha Aortic Center (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
- Department of Physiology (A.D., H.S., M.B.S., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington
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Ozawa SM, Pierce KV, Alexander AB, Keller KA, Tarbert DK, Guzman DSM, Sadar MJ, Sheldon JD, Meritet DM. Cardiovascular disease in central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps): 54 cases (2007-2022). Am J Vet Res 2024; 85:ajvr.23.10.0241. [PMID: 38382200 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.23.10.0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical features, histopathologic lesions, and outcome of cardiovascular disease in central bearded dragons. ANIMALS 54 bearded dragons. METHODS Retrospective evaluation of captive bearded dragons with antemortem imaging or postmortem diagnosis of cardiovascular disease from 2007 to 2022 from 6 hospitals. RESULTS The total prevalence of cardiovascular disease was 3.3% (54/1,655). Physical examination findings were available in 46 cases with change in mentation being the most common finding (n = 28/46 [60.9%]), followed by dehydration (17/46 [37%]), palpable coelomic mass (13/46 [28.3%]), dyspnea (10/46 [21.7%]), and sunken eyes (10/46 [21.7%)]. Doppler auscultation revealed an arrhythmia in 5/34 (14.7%) animals. Diagnostic imaging was only performed on 21 animals, and 10 (47.6%) had cardiovascular abnormalities described. In total, 84 cardiovascular diagnoses were found in 54 animals. The most common diagnosis was myocarditis (n = 14) followed by aneurysms (11), pericardial effusion (9), atherosclerosis (7), epicarditis (7), and myocardial degeneration/necrosis (7). Overall, 62 causes of death were identified in 52 cases, with cardiovascular disease being the most common (n = 18/52 [34.5%]). Only 3/54 animals were diagnosed with congestive heart failure. Animals with aneurysms were more likely to die to due cardiovascular disease compared to other types of cardiovascular diagnoses (OR, 43.75; 95% CI, 4.88 to 392.65; P < .001). CLINICAL RELEVANCE Diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in bearded dragons is challenging given the inconsistent clinical presentation; however, it should remain a differential in animals with nonspecific signs of illness. Antemortem diagnostics are recommended in suspected cases, including diagnostic imaging. Of the cardiovascular diseases described, aneurysms most often contributed to clinical demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Ozawa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Kursten V Pierce
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Amy B Alexander
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Krista A Keller
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Danielle K Tarbert
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | | | - Miranda J Sadar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Julie D Sheldon
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | - Danielle M Meritet
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
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Agbaje AO, Barker AR, Lewandowski AJ, Leeson P, Tuomainen TP. Accelerometer-based sedentary time, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from childhood with arterial stiffness and carotid IMT progression: A 13-year longitudinal study of 1339 children. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14132. [PMID: 38509836 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS We examined the longitudinal associations of sedentary time (ST), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) from childhood with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). METHODS We studied 1339 children, aged 11 years from Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, UK, followed up for 13 years. Accelerometer-based ST, LPA, and MVPA were assessed at ages 11, 15, and 24 years clinic visits. cfPWV and cIMT were measured with Vicorder and ultrasound, respectively, at ages 17 and 24 years. RESULTS Among 1339 [56.4% female] participants, mean ST increased from ages 11 through 24 years, while mean LPA and MVPA decreased. Persistently high ST tertile from childhood was associated with increased cfPWV progression, effect estimate 0.047 m/s; [(95% CI 0.005 to 0.090); p = 0.030], but not cIMT progression. Persistently high LPA tertile category was associated with decreased cfPWV progression in males -0.022 m/s; [(-0.028 to -0.017); p < 0.001] and females -0.027 m/s; [(-0.044 to -0.010); p < 0.001]. Cumulative LPA exposure decreased the odds of progressively worsening cfPWV [Odds ratio 0.994 (0.994-0.995); p < 0.0001] and cIMT. Persistent exposure to ≥60 min/day of MVPA was paradoxically associated with increased cfPWV progression in males 0.053 m/s; [(0.030 to 0.077); p < 0.001] and females 0.012 m/s; [(0.002 to 0.022); p = 0.016]. Persistent exposure to ≥60 min/day of MVPA was inversely associated with cIMT progression in females -0.017 mm; [(-0.026 to -0.009); p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION LPA >3 h/day from childhood may attenuate progressively worsening vascular damage associated with increased ST in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew O Agbaje
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Alan R Barker
- Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Adam J Lewandowski
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Leeson
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Gencer ES, Yilmaz E, Arsava EM, Gocmen R, Topcuoglu MA. Carotid Artery Perivascular Adipose Tissue Density and Response to Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Angiology 2024; 75:472-479. [PMID: 37163448 DOI: 10.1177/00033197231174654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The importance of Carotid Artery Perivascular Adipose Tissue Density (CAPATd), a parameter that can be readily evaluated on emergency computed tomographic angiography (CTA), in acute stroke has not been adequately clarified. We created exploratory logistic regression models to detect the interaction between the effect of CAPATd and intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in 174 patients (mean age 71 ± 14 years, 94 women) with acute ischemic stroke treated with IV-tPA alone. The CAPATd-average mean (-60.6 ± 18.7 vs -89.8 ± 25.3 Hounsfield units (HU), P = .002) and CAPATd-maximum (14.8 ± 68.9 vs -20.5 ± 39.8 HU, P = .020) values were higher on the ipsilateral side of carotid artery stenosis >60%. CAPATd-maximum ipsilateral emerged as an independent predictor for both modified Rankin's Score 0-2 (52%) [exp(β) = .984] and mRS 0-1 outcome (32%) [exp(β) = .828] in addition to admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, age and carotid plaque burden. CAPATd-maximum ipsilateral was acceptably accurate (Area under the Receiver operating characteristic Curve was .607, P = .0109 for mRS 0-2 and .613, P = .0102 for mRS 0-1). Ipsilateral CAPATd ≥ -25 HU predicted both mRS >3 and mRS >2 with usable sensitivity (59.8% and 66.07%) and specificity (63.6% and 59.68%). In conclusion, higher maximum CAPATd measured on emergency CTA indicates poorer functional prognosis in acute stroke patients treated with IV-tPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Sarionder Gencer
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Yilmaz
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ethem Murat Arsava
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rahsan Gocmen
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Topcuoglu
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
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Bradley NA, Roxburgh CSD, McMillan DC, Guthrie GJK. A systematic review of the neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet to lymphocyte ratios in patients with lower extremity arterial disease. VASA 2024; 53:155-171. [PMID: 38563057 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is caused by atherosclerotic plaque in the arterial supply to the lower limbs. The neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet to lymphocyte ratios (NLR, PLR) are established markers of systemic inflammation which are related to inferior outcomes in multiple clinical conditions, though remain poorly described in patients with LEAD. This review was carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The MEDLINE database was interrogated for relevant studies. Primary outcome was the prognostic effect of NLR and PLR on clinical outcomes following treatment, and secondary outcomes were the prognostic effect of NLR and PLR on disease severity and technical success following revascularisation. There were 34 studies included in the final review reporting outcomes on a total of 19870 patients. NLR was investigated in 21 studies, PLR was investigated in two studies, and both NLR & PLR were investigated in 11 studies. Relating to increased levels of systemic inflammation, 20 studies (100%) reported inferior clinical outcomes, 13 (92.9%) studies reported increased disease severity, and seven (87.5%) studies reported inferior technical results from revascularisation. The studies included in this review support the role of elevated NLR and PLR as key components influencing the clinical outcomes, severity, and success of treatment in patients with LEAD. The use of these easily accessible, cost effective and routinely available markers is supported by the present review.
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Park B, Bakbak E, Teoh H, Krishnaraj A, Dennis F, Quan A, Rotstein OD, Butler J, Hess DA, Verma S. GLP-1 receptor agonists and atherosclerosis protection: the vascular endothelium takes center stage. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H1159-H1176. [PMID: 38426865 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00574.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a chronic condition that often copresents with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are incretin mimetics endorsed by major professional societies for improving glycemic status and reducing atherosclerotic risk in people living with type 2 diabetes. Although the cardioprotective efficacy of GLP-1RAs and their relationship with traditional risk factors are well established, there is a paucity of publications that have summarized the potentially direct mechanisms through which GLP-1RAs mitigate atherosclerosis. This review aims to narrow this gap by providing comprehensive and in-depth mechanistic insight into the antiatherosclerotic properties of GLP-1RAs demonstrated across large outcome trials. Herein, we describe the landmark cardiovascular outcome trials that triggered widespread excitement around GLP-1RAs as a modern class of cardioprotective agents, followed by a summary of the origins of GLP-1RAs and their mechanisms of action. The effects of GLP-1RAs at each major pathophysiological milestone of atherosclerosis, as observed across clinical trials, animal models, and cell culture studies, are described in detail. Specifically, this review provides recent preclinical and clinical evidence that suggest GLP-1RAs preserve vessel health in part by preventing endothelial dysfunction, achieved primarily through the promotion of angiogenesis and inhibition of oxidative stress. These protective effects are in addition to the broad range of atherosclerotic processes GLP-1RAs target downstream of endothelial dysfunction, which include systemic inflammation, monocyte recruitment, proinflammatory macrophage and foam cell formation, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and plaque development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady Park
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ehab Bakbak
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hwee Teoh
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aishwarya Krishnaraj
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fallon Dennis
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrian Quan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ori D Rotstein
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - David A Hess
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre of Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Miao ZW, Wang N, Hu WJ, Zheng SL, Wang DS, Chang FQ, Wang Z, Tian JS, Dong XH, Wu T, Miao CY. Chronic vascular pathogenesis results in the reduced serum Metrnl levels in ischemic stroke patients. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:914-925. [PMID: 38253637 PMCID: PMC11053017 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metrnl is a secreted protein involved in neurite outgrowth, insulin sensitivity, immunoinflammatory responses, blood lipids and endothelial protection. In this study, we investigated the role of Metrnl in ischemic stroke. Fifty-eight ischemic stroke patients (28 inpatient patients within 2 weeks of onset and 30 emergency patients within 24 h of onset) and 20 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum Metrnl was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We showed that serum Metrnl levels were significantly reduced in both inpatient and emergency patient groups compared with the controls. Different pathological causes for ischemic stroke such as large artery atherosclerosis and small artery occlusion exhibited similar reduced serum Metrnl levels. Transient ischemic attack caused by large artery atherosclerosis without brain infarction also had lower serum Metrnl levels. Metrnl was correlated with some metabolic, inflammatory and clotting parameters. Reduced serum Metrnl was associated with the severity of intracranial arterial stenosis and the presence of ischemic stroke. In order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the reduced serum Metrnl levels, we established animal models of ischemic stroke in normal mice, atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-knockout mice and Metrnl-knockout mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) using intraluminal filament or electrocoagulation. We demonstrated that serum Metrnl levels were significantly lower in atherosclerosis mice than normal mice, whereas acute ischemic stroke injury in normal mice and atherosclerosis mice did not alter serum Metrnl levels. Metrnl knockout did not affect acute ischemic stroke injury and death. We conclude that reduced serum Metrnl levels are attributed to the chronic vascular pathogenesis before the onset of ischemic stroke. Metrnl is a potential target for prevention of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Wei Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Nuo Wang
- Department of Neuroloy and Neurovascular Center, The First Affiliated Hospital (Changhai Hospital), Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wen-Jun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Si-Li Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Neuroloy and Neurovascular Center, The First Affiliated Hospital (Changhai Hospital), Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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50
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Zhang X, Heo GS, Li A, Lahad D, Detering L, Tao J, Gao X, Zhang X, Luehmann H, Sultan D, Lou L, Venkatesan R, Li R, Zheng J, Amrute J, Lin CY, Kopecky BJ, Gropler RJ, Bredemeyer A, Lavine K, Liu Y. Development of a CD163-Targeted PET Radiotracer That Images Resident Macrophages in Atherosclerosis. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:775-780. [PMID: 38548349 PMCID: PMC11064833 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages are complementary to proinflammatory macrophages to promote the progression of atherosclerosis. The noninvasive detection of their presence and dynamic variation will be important to the understanding of their role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The goal of this study was to develop a targeted PET radiotracer for imaging CD163-positive (CD163+) macrophages in multiple mouse atherosclerosis models and assess the potential of CD163 as a biomarker for atherosclerosis in humans. Methods: CD163-binding peptide was identified using phage display and conjugated with a NODAGA chelator for 64Cu radiolabeling ([64Cu]Cu-ICT-01). CD163-overexpressing U87 cells were used to measure the binding affinity of [64Cu]Cu-ICT-01. Biodistribution studies were performed on wild-type C57BL/6 mice at multiple time points after tail vein injection. The sensitivity and specificity of [64Cu]Cu-ICT-01 in imaging CD163+ macrophages upregulated on the surface of atherosclerotic plaques were assessed in multiple mouse atherosclerosis models. Immunostaining, flow cytometry, and single-cell RNA sequencing were performed to characterize the expression of CD163 on tissue-resident macrophages. Human carotid atherosclerotic plaques were used to measure the expression of CD163+ resident macrophages and test the binding specificity of [64Cu]Cu-ICT-01. Results: [64Cu]Cu-ICT-01 showed high binding affinity to U87 cells. The biodistribution study showed rapid blood and renal clearance with low retention in all major organs at 1, 2, and 4 h after injection. In an ApoE-/- mouse model, [64Cu]Cu-ICT-01 demonstrated sensitive and specific detection of CD163+ macrophages and capability for tracking the progression of atherosclerotic lesions; these findings were further confirmed in Ldlr-/- and PCSK9 mouse models. Immunostaining showed elevated expression of CD163+ macrophages across the plaques. Flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed the specific expression of CD163 on tissue-resident macrophages. Human tissue characterization demonstrated high expression of CD163+ macrophages on atherosclerotic lesions, and ex vivo autoradiography revealed specific binding of [64Cu]Cu-ICT-01 to human CD163. Conclusion: This work reported the development of a PET radiotracer binding CD163+ macrophages. The elevated expression of CD163+ resident macrophages on human plaques indicated the potential of CD163 as a biomarker for vulnerable plaques. The sensitivity and specificity of [64Cu]Cu-ICT-01 in imaging CD163+ macrophages warrant further investigation in translational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Gyu Seong Heo
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Alexandria Li
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Divangana Lahad
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Lisa Detering
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Joan Tao
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Hannah Luehmann
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Deborah Sultan
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Lanlan Lou
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rajiu Venkatesan
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ran Li
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jie Zheng
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Junedh Amrute
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - Chieh-Yu Lin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Benjamin J Kopecky
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - Robert J Gropler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Andrea Bredemeyer
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - Kory Lavine
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri;
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