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Shi L, Granlund M, Zhao Y, Huus K. Construct validity of the simplified Chinese version of the instrument 'Picture My Participation'. Scand J Occup Ther 2024; 31:2348816. [PMID: 38728597 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2024.2348816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preliminary evidence of the content validity of the simplified Chinese version of 'Picture My Participation' (PMP-C; Simplified) items and reliability of the subscale attendance for the effectiveness of the use with children and youth in mainland China has been collected. However, evidence of construct validity for the instrument is not yet available. AIM To explore the construct validity of the attendance scale in PMP-C (Simplified). METHODS A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling was conducted using PMP-C (Simplified) with a picture-supported interview for 290 children and youths aged 5-21 with and without ID in urban and rural areas of mainland China. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed using the principal component analysis (PCA) to analyse the resulting data. RESULTS The EFA extracted five factors with eigenvalues greater than one and the cumulative contribution rate of factors accounted for 51.62% of the variance. All items had factor loadings above 0.50. The five subcomponents included: organised activities, social activities, taking care of others, family life activities and personal care and development activities. CONCLUSION The results of the factor analysis support the construct validity of the PMP-C (Simplified) attendance scale. It provides further psychometric evidence that PMP-C (Simplified) is a sound measure to assess participation for children and youths in mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Shi
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- CHILD Research Group and Disability Research, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Mats Granlund
- CHILD Research Group and Disability Research, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Karina Huus
- CHILD Research Group and Disability Research, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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2
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Iliou K, Balaris D, Dokali AM, Fotopoulos V, Kouletsos A, Katsiana A. Exploring the Effects of Major Depressive Disorder on Daily Occupations and the Impact of Psychotherapy: A Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e55831. [PMID: 38590479 PMCID: PMC11000031 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychological mood disorder that can disrupt one's functioning and result in decreased engagement in daily activities. Psychotherapy, in different approaches, is a common approach for individuals experiencing MDD. Nevertheless, a literature review of the research supporting the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions in patients with MDD-impacted areas of their daily occupations, such as back to work, cognitive deficits, and well-being, has not been conducted. A literature review was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy on daily occupations for individuals diagnosed with MDD. Due to variations in study design and outcome measures, a best evidence synthesis was carried out instead of a meta-analysis. Forty-one identified articles were fully assessed in total. These studies were conducted in various countries so that a global approach could be considered comprehensive. The findings showed strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of psychotherapy on return-to-work interventions in improving depressive symptoms. There was limited evidence for the effectiveness of psychotherapy on lifestyle interventions in reducing anxiety and suicidal ideation, as well as limited evidence for enhancing work participation. Notably, there were no studies evaluating individualized client-centered psychotherapy interactions with occupations, revealing a research gap. Challenges such as incomplete reporting within studies and study heterogeneity prevented a meta-analysis. While the overall evidence base for the effectiveness of psychotherapy for MDD in treating functionality is limited, the findings provide strong support for the efficacy of occupational therapy return-to-work interventions. This is particularly important given the economic costs associated with mental health issues and work-related absences. Further research is required to strengthen the existing evidence base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Iliou
- Occupational Therapy, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, GRC
- Anatomy, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC
| | | | - Anna M Dokali
- Psychological Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, AUS
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3
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Pigliautile M, König T, Mayer CC, Colombo M, Guazzarini AG, Müllner-Rieder M, Águila O, Christophorou C, Constantinides A, Curia R, Stillo M, Arambarri J, Schüler C, Stögmann E, Mecocci P. Usability testing of the first prototype of the Memento system: a technological device to promote an independent living in people with dementia. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2023; 18:1411-1420. [PMID: 35061557 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2021.2017029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Assistive technologies have the potential for supporting people with memory complaints in their daily life. User-centered interaction design research helps developers to create systems that are suitable for users. The aim of this work is to describe the methodology and the results of the usability test for the first Memento prototype involving users. MATERIALS AND METHODS In each country, 5 subjects with different levels of cognitive reserve and technical proficiency were enrolled in Italy, Austria and Spain, respectively (15 subjects; 6 M; 9 F, age 72.8 ± 10.8 years, MMSE score 25.6 ± 1.6). Observation methods, performance metrics and the System Usability Scale were used to collect data. RESULTS The results are presented in terms of design, technical problems, target-group-related challenges and usability perception from the participant perspective. Suggestions for improvement were pointed out by the users. Considering the usability scores interpretation, the first prototype was classified as "OK" and "Good" by users. CONCLUSIONS The results of the Lab Trials provide important information on usability and the users' needs in order to improve the Memento prototype and to create a final system to be evaluated during the Field Trials phase of the project.Implication for rehabilitationThe MEMENTO project mission is to improve the quality of life of people in the early and middle stages of dementia, by supporting the management of daily activities that are usually affected by the loss of memory and cognition. The Lab Trial phase is essential to have feedback on the usability of the Memento prototype to allow a better understanding of users' needs and expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pigliautile
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Theresa König
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher C Mayer
- Center for Health & Bioresources, Biomedical Systems; AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matteo Colombo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Giulia Guazzarini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Markus Müllner-Rieder
- Center for Health & Bioresources, Biomedical Systems; AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oscar Águila
- Bidaideak - Sociedad Vasca de Personas con Diversidad Funcional, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Rosario Curia
- Integris S.p.A., Innovation Lab, Rende and Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Stillo
- Integris S.p.A., Innovation Lab, Rende and Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Xu L, Lan X, Lou Y, Engström M. Associations between frailty, sociodemographic characteristics and quality-of-life among community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Open 2023; 10:2392-2405. [PMID: 36412493 PMCID: PMC10006597 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the quality-of-life among community-dwelling older adults in China and to examine the associations between frailty, sociodemographic characteristics and quality-of-life. DESIGN A cross-sectional correlational study was adopted. METHODS Questionnaire study of 311 community-dwelling older adults using the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire and FRAIL scale. RESULTS Highest quality-of-life was found for the physical symptoms factor and the lowest for quality of everyday activities/fun. Frailty was associated with total quality-of-life and the physical symptoms and sickness impact factors. For total quality-of-life, the odds of being in the group with a median score or more decreased for frail older people (OR 0.30) versus non-frail and increased for those with medical insurance from employer versus basic (OR 2.30) and those doing exercise ≥30 min 3 days/week or more versus less (OR 2.12). Registered nurses caring for community-dwelling older adults should screen for and prevent frailty and encourage exercise to improve their quality-of-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xu
- Medicine College, Lishui University, Lishui, China
| | - Xuefen Lan
- Medicine College, Lishui University, Lishui, China
| | - Yan Lou
- Medicine College, Lishui University, Lishui, China
| | - Maria Engström
- Department of Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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Sanders AM, Richard G, Kolskår K, Ulrichsen KM, Alnaes D, Beck D, Dørum ES, Engvig A, Lund MJ, Nordhøy W, Pedersen ML, Rokicki J, Nordvik JE, Westlye LT. Associations between everyday activities and arterial spin labeling-derived cerebral blood flow: A longitudinal study in community-dwelling elderly volunteers. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:3377-3393. [PMID: 36947581 PMCID: PMC10171542 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is critical for brain metabolism and function. Age-related changes in CBF are associated with increased risk of neurocognitive disorders and vascular events such as stroke. Identifying correlates and positive modifiers of age-related changes in CBF before the emergence of incipient clinical decline may inform public health advice and clinical practice. Former research has been inconclusive regarding the association between regular physical activity and CBF, and there is a lack of studies on the association between level of everyday activities and CBF, in older adults. To investigate these relationships, 118 healthy community-dwelling adults (65-89 years) underwent pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, neurocognitive, physical, and activity assessments at baseline. Eighty-six participants completed a follow-up ASL MRI, on average 506 (SD = 113) days after the baseline scan. Cross-sectional analysis revealed credible evidence for positive associations between time spent on low intensity physical activity and CBF in multiple cortical and subcortical regions, time spent on moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity and accumbens CBF, participation in social activity and CBF in multiple cortical regions, and between reading and thalamic CBF, indicating higher regional CBF in more active adults. Longitudinal analysis revealed anecdotal evidence for an interaction between time and baseline level of gardening on occipital and parietal CBF, and baseline reading on pallidum CBF, indicating more change in CBF in adults with lower level of activity. The findings support that malleable lifestyle factors contribute to healthy brain aging, with relevance for public health guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marthe Sanders
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Geneviève Richard
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Kolskår
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Kristine M Ulrichsen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Dag Alnaes
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dani Beck
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend S Dørum
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Andreas Engvig
- Section for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martina Jonette Lund
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wibeke Nordhøy
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physics and Computational Radiology, Div. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mads L Pedersen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre of Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Egil Nordvik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Giebel C, Halpin K, Tottie J, O'Connell L, Carton J. The digitalisation of finance management skills in dementia since the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. Dementia (London) 2023; 22:783-806. [PMID: 36803284 PMCID: PMC9944462 DOI: 10.1177/14713012231159156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Engaging with finances has become increasingly digitalised in recent years, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic, yet it is unknown how finance management has been affected in people living with dementia. The aim of this qualitative study was therefore to explore how digitalisation and the recent pandemic have affected finance management skills in people with dementia. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted remotely with people with dementia and unpaid carers living in the UK via phone or Zoom between February and May 2022. Transcripts were coded by one of four different research team members, including two unpaid carers who were public advisers on the project. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS Thirty carers and people with dementia participated, and five overarching themes were identified. Managing finances has been both simplified and made more complicated by digitalising how money is spent and managed, with people with dementia and unpaid carers reporting advantages of using direct debits and debit cards, as well as digital illiteracy barriers for older relatives with dementia. Unpaid carers have received no support in managing their relative's finances, and were found to be burdened by the additional caring duties. CONCLUSIONS Carers need to be supported in managing their relative's finances as well as with their general well-being due to taking on additional caring duties. Digital systems for finance management need to be user-friendly for people with cognitive impairment, with a need for digital literacy training for middle-aged and older adults to avoid difficulties if they develop dementia, and improved access to a computer/tablet/smart phone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Giebel
- Clarissa Giebel, Department of Primary Care
& Mental Health, University of Liverpool, 1-5 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69
3GL, UK.
| | - Kath Halpin
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jean Tottie
- TIDE (Together In Dementia Everyday), Liverpool, UK
| | - Lena O'Connell
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, 4591University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast, Liverpool, UK
| | - Joan Carton
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast, Liverpool, UK
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Poole JL, Forno K, Prokopiak A, Skipper B. Importance and difficulty with valued life activities for people with systemic sclerosis. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:220-225. [PMID: 35104183 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2028910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the importance of and difficulty with valued activities in persons with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to examine relationships between disease symptoms and difficulty with valued activities using the Valued Activities Scale (VLA). A secondary purpose was to examine the internal consistency of the Short-VLA Scale (S-VLA). METHODS A cross-sectional convenience sample of 99 people with SSc completed questionnaires regarding demographics, symptom severity, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the VLA. RESULTS Obligatory activities were rated as most important; committed activities were significantly more difficult than obligatory and discretionary. Less fatigue (p < 0.01) and lower HAQ (p < 0.001) and CES-D (p < 0.01) scores were associated with higher total VLA scores. Internal consistency of the S-VLA was excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92; p < 0.0001). The correlation between the S-VLA and the VLA was excellent (r = 0.96; p < 0.001). There were moderate correlations between the S-VLA and the HAQ (r = 0.73; p < 0.0001); the correlation with the CES-D was only fair (r = 0.35; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Committed and discretionary activities were more difficult for people with SSc to perform. Results are similar to findings with people with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONHome management/caregiving (committed) and leisure and social participation (discretionary) activities are more difficult to perform by people with SSc compared to self-care (obligatory) activities.Our findings that difficulty scores on the VLA were associated with more fatigue and depression suggest the need for rehabilitation to reduce disability in people with SSc.The S-VLA may be a useful screening and monitoring tool for SSc and other chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet L Poole
- Occupational Therapy Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | | | - Betty Skipper
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Klebbe R, Scherzinger S, Eicher C. Assistive Robots for Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Exploratory Task-Based Evaluation Study With an Early-Stage Demonstrator. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2022; 9:e35304. [PMID: 35998031 PMCID: PMC9449829 DOI: 10.2196/35304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although robotic manipulators have great potential in promoting motor independence of people with motor impairments, only few systems are currently commercially available. In addition to technical, economic, and normative barriers, a key challenge for their distribution is the current lack of evidence regarding their usefulness, acceptance, and user-specific requirements. Objective Against this background, a semiautonomous robot system was developed in the research and development project, robot-assisted services for individual and resource-oriented intensive and palliative care of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ROBINA), to support people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in various everyday activities. Methods The developed early-stage demonstrator was evaluated in a task-based laboratory study of 11 patients with ALS. On the basis of a multimethod design consisting of standardized questionnaires, open-ended questions, and observation protocols, participants were asked about its relevance to everyday life, usability, and design requirements. Results Most participants considered the system to provide relevant support within the test scenarios and for their everyday life. On the basis of the System Usability Scale, the overall usability of the robot-assisted services for individual and resource-oriented intensive and palliative care of people with ALS system was rated as excellent, with a median of 90 (IQR 75-95) points. Moreover, 3 central areas of requirements for the development of semiautonomous robotic manipulators were identified and discussed: requirements for semiautonomous human-robot collaboration, requirements for user interfaces, and requirements for the adaptation of robotic capabilities regarding everyday life. Conclusions Robotic manipulators can contribute to increase the autonomy of people with ALS. A key issue for future studies is how the existing ability level and the required robotic capabilities can be balanced to ensure both high user satisfaction and effective and efficient task performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Klebbe
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Cornelia Eicher
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Audio recorders, accelerometers, and cameras that infants wear throughout their everyday lives capture the experiences that are available to shape development. Everyday sensing in infancy reveals patterns within the everyday hubbub that are unknowable using methods that capture shorter, more isolated, or more planned slices of behavior. Here, we review ten lessons learned from recent endeavors that removed researchers from designing or participating in infants' experiences and instead quantified patterns that arose within infants' own spontaneously arising everyday experiences. The striking heterogeneity of experiences - there is no meaningfully "representative" hour of a day, instance of a category, interaction context, or infant - inspires next steps in theory and practice that embrace the complex, dynamic, and multiple pathways of human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaya de Barbaro
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, SEA 4.208, 108 E. Dean Keaton Stop A8000, Austin, TX 78712-1043
| | - Caitlin M. Fausey
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, 1227 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403
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10
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Martinčević M, Vranić A. The higher, the better: Cognitive reserve contributes to lifestyle activities in older age. Appl Neuropsychol Adult 2021; 30:381-388. [PMID: 34379554 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1950154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed at investigating age and gender differences in cognitive reserve (CR) and whether CR can contribute to everyday and physical activity and fluid reasoning in older adults. Participants (N = 294), categorized into three age groups: young-old, middle-old, and old-old, completed the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq), the Everyday Activity Questionnaire (EAQ), the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), and the Unbalanced Structure Test (UST). The old-old had significantly lower scores on CRI-Total, CRI-Working activity, and CRI-Leisure time compared to young-old and middle-old. Men showed higher scores than women on all CR subscales except for CRI-Leisure time where no significant difference was found. Younger age and higher CRI-Leisure time predicted higher scores on PASE, EAQ, and UST, while higher scores on CRI-Education predicted EAQ and UST. Higher CR seems to enable a more active and healthier lifestyle, while CRIq is a useful tool in the assessment of cognitive potential in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Martinčević
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Vranić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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11
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Strassnig MT, Harvey PD, Miller ML, Depp CA, Granholm E. Real world sedentary behavior and activity levels in patients with schizophrenia and controls: An ecological momentary assessment study. Ment Health Phys Act 2021; 20:10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100364. [PMID: 34221125 PMCID: PMC8247127 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with schizophrenia often experience poor health, leading to shortened lifespans. The health of people with schizophrenia may be further exacerbated by increased sedentary behavior, which independently predicts health risk in the general population. However, the prevalence and patterns of objectively measured sedentary behavior in schizophrenia have not been studied extensively on a momentary basis. METHODS Activity of 100 patients with schizophrenia was compared to that of healthy controls (HC; n=71) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). EMA provides real-time, real-world monitoring of behavior. We sampled behavior seven times per day for seven days, quantifying active versus inactive behaviors and four different movement patterns (recumbent, seated, standing, and moving). Due to different employment rates between samples, we focused on surveys completed at home. RESULTS Four of the five most commonly reported activities for participants with schizophrenia involved sitting or lying down. When considering activity during the last hour, participants with schizophrenia were more likely to be sitting or pacing and less likely to be standing than HC. If participants with schizophrenia only did one thing in the last hour, it was more likely to involve sitting and less likely to involve standing compared to HC. DISCUSSION People with schizophrenia were significantly more likely to be seated and less likely to be standing or active during the past hour than HC, despite high frequencies of seated behaviors in the HC as well. The adverse health consequences of sitting for extended periods may be especially relevant for people with schizophrenia and likely contribute to premature mortality in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip D Harvey
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
- Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL
| | | | - Colin A Depp
- UCSD Health Sciences Center, La Jolla, CA
- San Diego VA Medical Center La Jolla, CA
| | - Eric Granholm
- UCSD Health Sciences Center, La Jolla, CA
- San Diego VA Medical Center La Jolla, CA
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12
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Fonseca Viegas SMD, Nitschke RG, Tholl AD, Bernardo LA, Potrich T, Arcaya Moncada MJ, Nabarro M. The routine of the street outreach office team: Procedures and care for the homeless. Glob Public Health 2020; 16:924-935. [PMID: 32841072 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2020.1810297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to understand the routine of the street outreach office team regarding the attention paid to the homeless. It is a holistic qualitative multiple case study, based on Michel Maffesoli's Comprehensive and Quotidian Sociology. It was performed using two key informants and 20 professionals of the street outreach office of two capitals in the South of Brazil. For data analysis, we used the Thematic Content Analysis. The itinerancy, the unexpected and the immediacy of homeless people are part of the team's everyday life. The potentialities of the teams are their intra- and intersectoral networks; inter- and transdisciplinarity; and available material/diagnostic resources, whereas the limitations are their inequalities, vulnerabilities and social exclusion, in addition to the specificities of the homeless and the multiple problems that these people live with. Understanding the routine of the street outreach office reveals co-responsibility in unique actions aligned with the needs of the homeless, precisely signalling that health care needs to be integrated into a network so that these individuals can meet the complex challenges of living in unsafe street environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tassiana Potrich
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Chapecó Campus, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Marta Nabarro
- Universidad de Magallanes (UMAG), Punta Arenas, Chile
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13
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Abstract
Purpose: Guided by narrative theory and by use of a narrative-in-action approach, the aim of this study was to explore how mental health recovery unfolds through individuals’ engagement in everyday activities. Method: Data were created through participant observations with four individuals while doing everyday activities, and analysed through a narrative, interpretive approach. Findings: The findings show how mental health recovery involves unique and open-ended processes of narrative meaning-making, which unfold through an interplay between everyday activities, places and persons. Discussion: Based on these findings, we discuss how we may understand and support mental health recovery as collective processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Petersen Reed
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Staffan Josephsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sissel Alsaker
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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14
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Facal D, Carabias MAR, Pereiro AX, Lojo-Seoane C, Campos-Magdaleno M, Jutten RJ, Sikkes SAM, Juncos-Rabadán O. Assessing Everyday Activities Across the Dementia Spectrum with the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 15:1261-1266. [PMID: 30251604 DOI: 10.2174/1567205015666180925113411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) are complex activities which involve multiple cognitive processes, and which are expected to be susceptible to the early effects of cognitive impairment. Informant-based questionnaires are the most common tools used to assess IADL performance in dementia, but must be adjusted for use in early stages of impairment. OBJECTIVE To investigate the differences in IADL on the continuum of cognitive decline (i.e. no cognitive decline - subjective cognitive decline - mild cognitive impairment- mild dementia - moderate dementia) using the Spanish version of the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire (A-IADL-Q). METHODS A total of 500 volunteer participants were included: 88 participants with no signs of cognitive decline, 109 participants with subjective cognitive complaints, 114 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 81 participants with mild dementia and 108 participants with moderate dementia. IADL was assessed with the A-IADL-Q, a computerized and adaptive questionnaire that calculates scores according to the specific pattern of responses of each participant. The data were examined by ANOVAs and regression analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the capacity of the A-IADL-Q to distinguish between diagnostic groups. RESULTS Participants with no cognitive decline and those with subjective cognitive decline obtained higher A-IADL-Q scores than MCI participants, and participants with MCI obtained higher scores than patients with dementia. The A-IADL-Q showed excellent discrimination between non-cognitive impairment and dementia, and significant but low discrimination between non-cognitive impairment and MCI. CONCLUSION A-IADL-Q can discriminate IADL functioning between groups across the dementia spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Facal
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | | | - Arturo X Pereiro
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Cristina Lojo-Seoane
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - María Campos-Magdaleno
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Roos J Jutten
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sietske A M Sikkes
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Onésimo Juncos-Rabadán
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
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15
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Pol M, Peek S, van Nes F, van Hartingsveldt M, Buurman B, Kröse B. Everyday life after a hip fracture: what community-living older adults perceive as most beneficial for their recovery. Age Ageing 2019; 48:440-447. [PMID: 30806451 PMCID: PMC6503934 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to gain insight into what older adults after hip fracture perceive as most beneficial to their recovery to everyday life. DESIGN qualitative research approach. SETTING six skilled nursing facilities. PARTICIPANTS 19 older community dwelling older adults (aged 65-94), who had recently received geriatric rehabilitation after hip fracture. METHODS semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 older adults after hip fracture. Coding techniques based on constructivist grounded theory were applied. RESULTS four categories were derived from the data: 'restrictions for everyday life', 'recovery process', 'resources for recovery' and 'performing everyday activities'. Physical and psychological restrictions are consequences of hip fracture that older adults have struggled to address during recovery. Three different resources were found to be beneficial for recovery; 'supporting and coaching', 'myself' and 'technological support'. These resources influenced the recovery process. Having successful experiences during recovery led to doing everyday activities in the same manner as before; unsuccessful experiences led to ceasing certain activities altogether. CONCLUSION participants highlight their own role ('myself') as essential for recovery. Additionally, coaching provides emotional support, which boosts self-confidence in performing everyday activities. Furthermore, technology can encourage older adults to become more active and being engaged in the recovery process. The findings suggest that more attention should be paid to follow-up interventions after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation to support older adults in finding new routines in their everyday activities.A conceptual model is presented and provides an understanding of the participants' experiences and perspectives concerning their process of recovery after hip fracture to everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margriet Pol
- ACHIEVE Centre of Applied Research, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Peek
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Tranzo, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Fenna van Nes
- ACHIEVE Centre of Applied Research, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margo van Hartingsveldt
- ACHIEVE Centre of Applied Research, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca Buurman
- ACHIEVE Centre of Applied Research, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Kröse
- Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research group Digital Life, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Wesson J, Clemson L, Crawford JD, Kochan NA, Brodaty H, Reppermund S. Measurement of Functional Cognition and Complex Everyday Activities in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia: Validity of the Large Allen's Cognitive Level Screen. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2017; 25:471-482. [PMID: 28238815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the validity of the Large Allen's Cognitive Level Screen-5 (LACLS-5) as a performance-based measure of functional cognition, representing an ability to perform complex everyday activities in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia living in the community. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study, 160 community-dwelling older adults with normal cognition (CN; N = 87), MCI (N = 43), or dementia (N = 30) were studied. Functional cognition (LACLS-5), complex everyday activities (Disability Assessment for Dementia [DAD]), Assessment of Motor and Process Skills [AMPS]), and neuropsychological measures were used. RESULTS Participants with dementia performed worse than CN on all clinical measures, and MCI participants were intermediate. Correlational analyses showed that LACLS-5 was most strongly related to AMPS Process scores, DAD instrumental activities of daily living subscale, Mini-Mental State Exam, Block Design, Logical Memory, and Trail Making Test B. Multiple regression analysis indicated that both cognitive (Block Design) and functional measures (AMPS Process score) and sex predicted LACLS-5 performance. Finally, LACLS-5 was able to adequately discriminate between CN and dementia and between MCI and dementia but was unable to reliably distinguish between CN and MCI. CONCLUSION Construct validity, including convergent and discriminative validity, was supported. LACLS-5 is a valid performance-based measure for evaluating functional cognition. Discriminativevalidity is acceptable for identifying mild dementia but requires further refinement for detecting MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Wesson
- Ageing Work & Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Lindy Clemson
- Ageing Work & Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John D Crawford
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole A Kochan
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, School of Psychiatry, Australian Graduate School of Management, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Aged Care Psychiatry and Memory Disorders Clinic, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Time use is a defining interest within occupational therapy and occupational science. This is evident through the range of contributions to the disciplinary knowledge base. Indeed it has been suggested that time-use methods are amongst the most established research techniques used to explore aspects of human occupation. However, the extent and nature of such activity in occupational therapy and occupational science has not been examined to date. AIM This study sought to map the extent and nature of time-use research in occupational therapy and occupational science journals and the extent to which studies explored the relationship between time-use and health. METHOD A scoping review method was used. RESULTS Sixty-one studies were included. Scandinavian countries contributed the largest number of studies (n = 16, 26%). While time-use diaries were used most frequently (n = 30, 49%) occupational therapists and occupational scientists have developed a range of data-collection instruments. Forty-nine studies (80%) focused on time-use in clinical or defined population sub-groups. Ten studies (16%) included an empirical examination of the relationship between time-use and health. CONCLUSION Future research should examine time-use and health amongst well populations across the lifespan and in different parts of the world.
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18
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Abstract
Errorless learning (EL) is a principle used to teach new information or skills to people with cognitive impairment. In people with dementia, EL principles have mostly been studied in laboratory tasks that have little practical relevance for the participants concerned, yet show positive effects. This is the first paper to exclusively review the literature concerning the effects of EL on the performance of useful everyday tasks in people with dementia. The role of factors such as type of dementia, type of task, training intensity, EL elements, outcome measures, quality of experimental design, and follow-up are discussed. The results indicate that, compared with errorful learning (EF) or no treatment, EL is more effective in teaching adults with dementia a variety of meaningful daily tasks or skills, with gains being generally maintained at follow-up. The effectiveness of EL is highly relevant for clinical practice because it shows that individuals with dementia are still able to acquire meaningful skills and engage in worthwhile activities, which may potentially increase their autonomy and independence, and ultimately their quality of life, as well as reduce caregiver burden and professional dependency. Suggestions for future research are given, along with recommendations for effective EL-based training programs, with the aim of developing a clinical manual for professionals working in dementia care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje M E de Werd
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Medical Psychology, the Netherlands ; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Geriatric Medicine and Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands ; VieCuri Hospital, Department of Medical Psychology, Venlo, the Netherlands
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