1
|
Nishiyama R, Nakagomi T, Nakano-Doi A, Kuramoto Y, Tsuji M, Yoshimura S. Neonatal Brains Exhibit Higher Neural Reparative Activities than Adult Brains in a Mouse Model of Ischemic Stroke. Cells 2024; 13:519. [PMID: 38534363 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The neonatal brain is substantially more resistant to various forms of injury than the mature brain. For instance, the prognosis following ischemic stroke is generally poor in the elderly but favorable in neonates. Identifying the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying reparative activities in the neonatal brain after ischemic injury may provide feasible targets for therapeutic interventions in adults. To this end, we compared the reparative activities in postnatal day 13 and adult (8-12-week-old) mouse brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Immunohistochemistry revealed considerably greater generation of ischemia-induced neural stem/progenitor cells (iNSPCs) expressing nestin or Sox2 in ischemic areas of the neonatal brain. The iNSPCs isolated from the neonatal brain also demonstrated greater proliferative activity than those isolated from adult mice. In addition, genes associated with neuronal differentiation were enriched in iNSPCs isolated from the neonatal brain according to microarray and gene ontogeny analyses. Immunohistochemistry further revealed considerably greater production of newborn doublecortin+ neurons at the sites of ischemic injury in the neonatal brain compared to the adult brain. These findings suggest that greater iNSPC generation and neurogenic differentiation capacities contribute to the superior regeneration of the neonatal brain following ischemia. Together, our findings may help identify therapeutic targets for enhancing the reparative potential of the adult brain following stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nishiyama
- Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagomi
- Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Therapeutic Progress in Brain Diseases, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakano-Doi
- Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Therapeutic Progress in Brain Diseases, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Yoji Kuramoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuji
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Women's University, 35 Kitahiyoshi-cho, Imakumano, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto 605-8501, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yoshimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Galdi P, Cabez MB, Farrugia C, Vaher K, Williams LZJ, Sullivan G, Stoye DQ, Quigley AJ, Makropoulos A, Thrippleton MJ, Bastin ME, Richardson H, Whalley H, Edwards AD, Bajada CJ, Robinson EC, Boardman JP. Feature similarity gradients detect alterations in the neonatal cortex associated with preterm birth. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26660. [PMID: 38488444 PMCID: PMC10941526 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The early life environment programmes cortical architecture and cognition across the life course. A measure of cortical organisation that integrates information from multimodal MRI and is unbound by arbitrary parcellations has proven elusive, which hampers efforts to uncover the perinatal origins of cortical health. Here, we use the Vogt-Bailey index to provide a fine-grained description of regional homogeneities and sharp variations in cortical microstructure based on feature gradients, and we investigate the impact of being born preterm on cortical development at term-equivalent age. Compared with term-born controls, preterm infants have a homogeneous microstructure in temporal and occipital lobes, and the medial parietal, cingulate, and frontal cortices, compared with term infants. These observations replicated across two independent datasets and were robust to differences that remain in the data after matching samples and alignment of processing and quality control strategies. We conclude that cortical microstructural architecture is altered in preterm infants in a spatially distributed rather than localised fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Galdi
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- School of InformaticsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Christine Farrugia
- Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MaltaVallettaMalta
- University of Malta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Platform (UMRI)VallettaMalta
| | - Kadi Vaher
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Logan Z. J. Williams
- Centre for the Developing BrainKing's College LondonLondonUK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Gemma Sullivan
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - David Q. Stoye
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | | | | | - Mark E. Bastin
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Hilary Richardson
- School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Heather Whalley
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - A. David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing BrainKing's College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Claude J. Bajada
- University of Malta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Platform (UMRI)VallettaMalta
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of MaltaVallettaMalta
| | - Emma C. Robinson
- Centre for the Developing BrainKing's College LondonLondonUK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - James P. Boardman
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wintermark P, Lapointe A, Steinhorn R, Rampakakis E, Burhenne J, Meid AD, Bajraktari-Sylejmani G, Khairy M, Altit G, Adamo MT, Poccia A, Gilbert G, Saint-Martin C, Toffoli D, Vachon J, Hailu E, Colin P, Haefeli WE. Feasibility and Safety of Sildenafil to Repair Brain Injury Secondary to Birth Asphyxia (SANE-01): A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase Ib Clinical Trial. J Pediatr 2024; 266:113879. [PMID: 38142044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test feasibility and safety of administering sildenafil in neonates with neonatal encephalopathy (NE), developing brain injury despite therapeutic hypothermia (TH). STUDY DESIGN We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase Ib clinical trial between 2016 and 2019 in neonates with moderate or severe NE, displaying brain injury on day-2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) despite TH. Neonates were randomized (2:1) to 7-day sildenafil or placebo (2 mg/kg/dose enterally every 12 hours, 14 doses). Outcomes included feasibility and safety (primary outcomes), pharmacokinetics (secondary), and day-30 neuroimaging and 18-month neurodevelopment assessments (exploratory). RESULTS Of the 24 enrolled neonates, 8 were randomized to sildenafil and 3 to placebo. A mild decrease in blood pressure was reported in 2 of the 8 neonates after initial dose, but not with subsequent doses. Sildenafil plasma steady-state concentration was rapidly reached, but decreased after TH discontinuation. Twelve percent of neonates (1/8) neonates died in the sildenafil group and 0% (0/3) in the placebo group. Among surviving neonates, partial recovery of injury, fewer cystic lesions, and less brain volume loss on day-30 magnetic resonance imaging were noted in 71% (5/7) of the sildenafil group and in 0% (0/3) of the placebo group. The rate of death or survival to 18 months with severe neurodevelopmental impairment was 57% (4/7) in the sildenafil group and 100% (3/3) in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Sildenafil was safe and well-absorbed in neonates with NE treated with TH. Optimal dosing needs to be established. Evaluation of a larger number of neonates through subsequent phases II and III trials is required to establish efficacy. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.govNCT02812433.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pia Wintermark
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Anie Lapointe
- Department of Neonatology, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robin Steinhorn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Jürgen Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas D Meid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gzona Bajraktari-Sylejmani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - May Khairy
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Altit
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Therese Adamo
- Pharmacy Department, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alishia Poccia
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guillaume Gilbert
- MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Daniela Toffoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julie Vachon
- Member of the Ordre des Psychologues du Quebec, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Hailu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Colin
- Patrick Colin Consultant Inc, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Walter E Haefeli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Valdes C, Nataraj P, Kisilewicz K, Simenson A, Leon G, Kang D, Nguyen D, Sura L, Bliznyuk N, Weiss M. Impact of Nutritional Status on Total Brain Tissue Volumes in Preterm Infants. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:121. [PMID: 38255433 PMCID: PMC10813841 DOI: 10.3390/children11010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Preterm infants bypass the crucial in utero period of brain development and are at increased risk of malnutrition. We aimed to determine if their nutritional status is associated with brain tissue volumes at term equivalent age (TEA), applying recently published malnutrition guidelines for preterm infants. We performed a single center retrospective chart review of 198 infants < 30 weeks' gestation between 2018 and 2021. We primarily analyzed the relationship between the manually obtained neonatal MR-based brain tissue volumes with the maximum weight and length z-score. Significant positive linear associations between brain tissue volumes at TEA and weight and length z-scores were found (p < 0.05). Recommended nutrient intake for preterm infants is not routinely achieved despite efforts to optimize nutrition. Neonatal MR-based brain tissue volumes of preterm infants could serve as objective, quantitative and reproducible surrogate parameters of early brain development. Nutrition is a modifiable factor affecting neurodevelopment and these results could perhaps be used as reference data for future timely nutritional interventions to promote optimal brain volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyndi Valdes
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (C.V.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Parvathi Nataraj
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (C.V.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Katherine Kisilewicz
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (C.V.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Ashley Simenson
- College of Medicine, Gainesville Campus, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (A.S.); (G.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Gabriela Leon
- College of Medicine, Gainesville Campus, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (A.S.); (G.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Dahyun Kang
- College of Medicine, Gainesville Campus, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (A.S.); (G.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Dai Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
| | - Livia Sura
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (C.V.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Nikolay Bliznyuk
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
| | - Michael Weiss
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (C.V.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Steger C, Moatti C, Payette K, De Silvestro A, Nguyen TD, Coraj S, Yakoub N, Natalucci G, Kottke R, Tuura R, Knirsch W, Jakab A. Characterization of dynamic patterns of human fetal to neonatal brain asymmetry with deformation-based morphometry. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1252850. [PMID: 38130698 PMCID: PMC10734644 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1252850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite established knowledge on the morphological and functional asymmetries in the human brain, the understanding of how brain asymmetry patterns change during late fetal to neonatal life remains incomplete. The goal of this study was to characterize the dynamic patterns of inter-hemispheric brain asymmetry over this critically important developmental stage using longitudinally acquired MRI scans. Methods Super-resolution reconstructed T2-weighted MRI of 20 neurotypically developing participants were used, and for each participant fetal and neonatal MRI was acquired. To quantify brain morphological changes, deformation-based morphometry (DBM) on the longitudinal MRI scans was utilized. Two registration frameworks were evaluated and used in our study: (A) fetal to neonatal image registration and (B) registration through a mid-time template. Developmental changes of cerebral asymmetry were characterized as (A) the inter-hemispheric differences of the Jacobian determinant (JD) of fetal to neonatal morphometry change and the (B) time-dependent change of the JD capturing left-right differences at fetal or neonatal time points. Left-right and fetal-neonatal differences were statistically tested using multivariate linear models, corrected for participants' age and sex and using threshold-free cluster enhancement. Results Fetal to neonatal morphometry changes demonstrated asymmetry in the temporal pole, and left-right asymmetry differences between fetal and neonatal timepoints revealed temporal changes in the temporal pole, likely to go from right dominant in fetal to a bilateral morphology in neonatal timepoint. Furthermore, the analysis revealed right-dominant subcortical gray matter in neonates and three clusters of increased JD values in the left hemisphere from fetal to neonatal timepoints. Discussion While these findings provide evidence that morphological asymmetry gradually emerges during development, discrepancies between registration frameworks require careful considerations when using DBM for longitudinal data of early brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Steger
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Pediatric Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charles Moatti
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Payette
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra De Silvestro
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Pediatric Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thi Dao Nguyen
- Newborn Research, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Seline Coraj
- Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Center for Neurodevelopment, Growth and Nutrition of the Newborn, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ninib Yakoub
- Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Center for Neurodevelopment, Growth and Nutrition of the Newborn, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giancarlo Natalucci
- Newborn Research, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Center for Neurodevelopment, Growth and Nutrition of the Newborn, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raimund Kottke
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Tuura
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Knirsch
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Pediatric Heart Center, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andras Jakab
- Center for MR Research, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang L, Nakazawa S, Luo W, Sato T, Mizuno H, Iwasato T. Short-Term Dendritic Dynamics of Neonatal Cortical Neurons Revealed by In Vivo Imaging with Improved Spatiotemporal Resolution. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0142-23.2023. [PMID: 37890991 PMCID: PMC10630926 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0142-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual neurons in sensory cortices exhibit specific receptive fields based on their dendritic patterns. These dendritic morphologies are established and refined during the neonatal period through activity-dependent plasticity. This process can be visualized using two-photon in vivo time-lapse imaging, but sufficient spatiotemporal resolution is essential. We previously examined dendritic patterning from spiny stellate (SS) neurons, the major type of layer 4 (L4) neurons, in the mouse primary somatosensory cortex (barrel cortex), where mature dendrites display a strong orientation bias toward the barrel center. Longitudinal imaging at 8 h intervals revealed the long-term dynamics by which SS neurons acquire this unique dendritic pattern. However, the spatiotemporal resolution was insufficient to detect the more rapid changes in SS neuron dendrite morphology during the critical neonatal period. In the current study, we imaged neonatal L4 neurons hourly for 8 h and improved the spatial resolution by uniform cell surface labeling. The improved spatiotemporal resolution allowed detection of precise changes in dendrite morphology and revealed aspects of short-term dendritic dynamics unique to the neonatal period. Basal dendrites of barrel cortex L4 neurons were highly dynamic. In particular, both barrel-inner and barrel-outer dendrites (trees and branches) emerged/elongated and disappeared/retracted at similarly high frequencies, suggesting that SS neurons acquire biased dendrite patterns through rapid trial-and-error emergence, elongation, elimination, and retraction of dendritic trees and branches. We also found correlations between morphology and behavior (elongation/retraction) of dendritic tips. Thus, the current study revealed short-term dynamics and related features of cortical neuron dendrites during refinement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luwei Wang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Neural Circuits, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
- Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakazawa
- Laboratory of Mammalian Neural Circuits, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Wenshu Luo
- Laboratory of Mammalian Neural Circuits, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Takuya Sato
- Laboratory of Mammalian Neural Circuits, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Mizuno
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Takuji Iwasato
- Laboratory of Mammalian Neural Circuits, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
- Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu Y, Vasung L, Calixto C, Gholipour A, Karimi D. Characterizing normal perinatal development of the human brain structural connectivity. ArXiv 2023:arXiv:2308.11836v1. [PMID: 37664406 PMCID: PMC10473780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Early brain development is characterized by the formation of a highly organized structural connectome. The interconnected nature of this connectome underlies the brain's cognitive abilities and influences its response to diseases and environmental factors. Hence, quantitative assessment of structural connectivity in the perinatal stage is useful for studying normal and abnormal neurodevelopment. However, estimation of the connectome from diffusion MRI data involves complex computations. For the perinatal period, these computations are further challenged by the rapid brain development and imaging difficulties. Combined with high inter-subject variability, these factors make it difficult to chart the normal development of the structural connectome. As a result, there is a lack of reliable normative baselines of structural connectivity metrics at this critical stage in brain development. In this study, we developed a computational framework, based on spatio-temporal averaging, for determining such baselines. We used this framework to analyze the structural connectivity between 33 and 44 postmenstrual weeks using data from 166 subjects. Our results unveiled clear and strong trends in the development of structural connectivity in perinatal stage. Connection weighting based on fractional anisotropy and neurite density produced the most consistent results. We observed increases in global and local efficiency, a decrease in characteristic path length, and widespread strengthening of the connections within and across brain lobes and hemispheres. We also observed asymmetry patterns that were consistent between different connection weighting approaches. The new computational method and results are useful for assessing normal and abnormal development of the structural connectome early in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Wu
- Computational Radiology Laboratory (CRL), Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Lana Vasung
- Department of Pediatrics at Boston Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Camilo Calixto
- Computational Radiology Laboratory (CRL), Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Ali Gholipour
- Computational Radiology Laboratory (CRL), Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Davood Karimi
- Computational Radiology Laboratory (CRL), Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in infants can have long-term adverse neurodevelopmental effects and markedly reduce quality of life. Both the initial hypoperfusion and the subsequent rapid reperfusion can cause deleterious effects in brain tissue. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessment in newborns with HIE can help detect abnormalities in brain perfusion to guide therapy and prognosticate patient outcomes. STUDY DESIGN The review will provide an overview of the pathophysiological implications of CBF derangements in neonatal HIE, current and emerging techniques for CBF quantification, and the potential to utilize CBF as a physiologic target in managing neonates with acute HIE. CONCLUSION The alterations of CBF in infants during hypoxia-ischemia have been studied by using different neuroimaging techniques, including nitrous oxide and xenon clearance, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, arterial spin labeling MRI, 18F-FDG positron emission tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), functional NIRS, and diffuse correlation spectroscopy. Consensus is lacking regarding the clinical significance of CBF estimations detected by these different modalities. Heterogeneity in the imaging modality used, regional versus global estimations of CBF, time for the scan, and variables impacting brain perfusion and cohort clinical characteristics should be considered when translating the findings described in the literature to routine practice and implementation of therapeutic interventions. KEY POINTS · Hypoxic-ischemic injury in infants can result in adverse long-term neurologic sequelae.. · Cerebral blood flow is a useful biomarker in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury.. · Imaging modality, variables affecting cerebral blood flow, and patient characteristics affect cerebral blood flow assessment..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Saade-Lemus
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital & Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Colbey Freeman
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Kirschen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Arastoo Vossough
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Misun Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park J, Jang M, Heier L, Limperopoulos C, Zun Z. Rapid anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain using T 2 -prepared 3D balanced steady-state free precession. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1456-1468. [PMID: 36420869 PMCID: PMC10208121 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a new approach to 3D gradient echo-based anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain with a substantially shorter scan time than standard 3D fast spin echo (FSE) methods, while maintaining a high SNR. METHODS T2 -prepration was employed immediately prior to image acquisition of 3D balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) with a single trajectory of center-out k-space view ordering, which requires no magnetization recovery time between imaging segments during the scan. This approach was compared with 3D FSE, 2D single-shot FSE, and product 3D bSSFP imaging in numerical simulations, plus phantom and in vivo experiments. RESULTS T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP generated image contrast of gray matter, white matter, and CSF very similar to that of reference T2 -weighted imaging methods, without major image artifacts. Scan time of T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP was remarkably shorter compared to 3D FSE, whereas SNR was comparable to that of 3D FSE and higher than that of 2D single-shot FSE. Specific absorption rate of T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP remained within the safety limit. Determining an optimal imaging flip angle of T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP was critical to minimizing blurring of images. CONCLUSION T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP offers an alternative method for anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain with dramatically reduced scan time compared to standard 3D FSE and higher SNR than 2D single-shot FSE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Park
- Department of Cardiology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - MinJung Jang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Linda Heier
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine Limperopoulos
- Developing Brain Institute, Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zungho Zun
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu Y, Gholipour A, Vasung L, Karimi D. A computational framework for characterizing normative development of structural brain connectivity in the perinatal stage. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.10.532142. [PMID: 36945435 PMCID: PMC10029005 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.10.532142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative assessment of the brain's structural connectivity in the perinatal stage is useful for studying normal and abnormal neurodevelopment. However, estimation of the structural connectome from diffusion MRI data involves a series of complex and ill-posed computations. For the perinatal period, this analysis is further challenged by the rapid brain development and difficulties of imaging subjects at this stage. These factors, along with high inter-subject variability, have made it difficult to chart the normative development of the structural connectome. Hence, there is a lack of baseline trends in connectivity metrics that can be used as reliable references for assessing normal and abnormal brain development at this critical stage. In this paper we propose a computational framework, based on spatio-temporal atlases, for determining such baselines. We apply the framework on data from 169 subjects between 33 and 45 postmenstrual weeks. We show that this framework can unveil clear and strong trends in the development of structural connectivity in the perinatal stage. Some of our interesting findings include that connection weighting based on neurite density produces more consistent trends and that the trends in global efficiency, local efficiency, and characteristic path length are more consistent than in other metrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Wu
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Gholipour
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lana Vasung
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Davood Karimi
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Manohar K, Mesfin FM, Liu J, Shelley WC, Brokaw JP, Markel TA. Gut-Brain cross talk: The pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental impairment in necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1104682. [PMID: 36873645 PMCID: PMC9975605 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1104682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition of multi-factorial origin that affects the intestine of premature infants and results in high morbidity and mortality. Infants that survive contend with several long-term sequelae including neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI)-which encompasses cognitive and psychosocial deficits as well as motor, vision, and hearing impairment. Alterations in the gut-brain axis (GBA) homeostasis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NEC and the development of NDI. The crosstalk along the GBA suggests that microbial dysbiosis and subsequent bowel injury can initiate systemic inflammation which is followed by pathogenic signaling cascades with multiple pathways that ultimately lead to the brain. These signals reach the brain and activate an inflammatory cascade in the brain resulting in white matter injury, impaired myelination, delayed head growth, and eventual downstream NDI. The purpose of this review is to summarize the NDI seen in NEC, discuss what is known about the GBA, explore the relationship between the GBA and perinatal brain injury in the setting of NEC, and finally, highlight the existing research into possible therapies to help prevent these deleterious outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Manohar
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Fikir M Mesfin
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - W Christopher Shelley
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - John P Brokaw
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Troy A Markel
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Clemens KJ, Oei JL, Jantzie LL. Editorial: The neurology and neurobiology of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1201352. [PMID: 37205219 PMCID: PMC10185881 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1201352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J. Clemens
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Ju-Lee Oei
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Correspondence: Ju-Lee Oei
| | - Lauren L. Jantzie
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Christidis P, Vij A, Petousis S, Ghaemmaghami J, Shah BV, Koutroulis I, Kratimenos P. Neuroprotective effect of Src kinase in hypoxia-ischemia: A systematic review. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1049655. [PMID: 36507364 PMCID: PMC9730728 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1049655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the application of therapeutic hypothermia has improved neurodevelopmental outcomes for some survivors of HIE, this lone treatment option is only available to a subset of affected neonates. Src kinase, an enzyme central to the apoptotic cascade, is a potential pharmacologic target to preserve typical brain development after HIE. Here, we present evidence of the neuroprotective effects of targeting Src kinase in preclinical models of HIE. Methods We performed a comprehensive literature search using the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE database to compile studies examining the impact of Src kinase regulation on neurodevelopment in animal models. Each eligible study was assessed for bias. Results Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria, and most studies had an intermediate risk for bias. Together, these studies showed that targeting Src kinase resulted in a neuroprotective effect as assessed by neuropathology, enzymatic activity, and neurobehavioral outcomes. Conclusion Src kinase is an effective neuroprotective target in the setting of acute hypoxic injury. Src kinase inhibition triggers multiple signaling pathways of the sub-membranous focal adhesions and the nucleus, resulting in modulation of calcium signaling and prevention of cell death. Despite the significant heterogeneity of the research studies that we examined, the available evidence can serve as proof-of-concept for further studies on this promising therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Christidis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Abhya Vij
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stamatios Petousis
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Hippokrateion” General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Javid Ghaemmaghami
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Bhairav V. Shah
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Prisma Health Children's Hospital-Midlands, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ioannis Koutroulis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Panagiotis Kratimenos
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States,*Correspondence: Panagiotis Kratimenos
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Buchmayer J, Kasprian G, Giordano V, Schmidbauer V, Steinbauer P, Klebermass-Schrehof K, Berger A, Goeral K. Routine Use of Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Infants Born Extremely Preterm. J Pediatr 2022; 248:74-80.e1. [PMID: 35738315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe cerebral abnormalities and their risk factors in a contemporary cohort of infants born extremely premature after the introduction of routine cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) at term-equivalent age. STUDY DESIGN All cMRI examinations performed during November 2017 and November 2020, based on a standardized neonatal cMRI protocol, were included into analysis. Pathologies were retrospectively classified into 3 categories: intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), white matter disease, and cerebellar injuries. RESULTS A total of 198 cMRI examinations were available for analyses; 93 (47%) showed abnormalities, most frequently IVH (n = 65, 33%), followed by cerebellar injuries (n = 41, 21%), and white matter disease (n = 28, 14%). Severe abnormalities were found in 18% of patients (n = 36). Significant clinical risk factors for abnormalities on cMRI were lower Apgar scores, lower umbilical artery and first neonatal pH, asphyxia, blood culture-proven sepsis (especially late-onset), and prolonged need of respiratory support and supplemental oxygen. CONCLUSIONS After routine cMRI, without preconfirmed pathology by cranial ultrasonography, low-grade IVH, noncystic white matter disease, and cerebellar injuries were the most frequently found abnormalities. The clinical value and long-term benefit of the detection of these low-grade pathologies have yet to be confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Buchmayer
- Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Kasprian
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vito Giordano
- Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victor Schmidbauer
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Steinbauer
- Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Klebermass-Schrehof
- Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Berger
- Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Goeral
- Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Leon RL, Kalvacherla V, Andrews MM, Thomas JM, Mir IN, Chalak LF. Placental pathologic lesions associated with stroke in term neonates. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:920680. [PMID: 36157451 PMCID: PMC9492924 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.920680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the birth prevalence of perinatal stroke in term born infants at our high-volume delivery center and assess the frequency of both gross and histologic placental pathologies associated with perinatal stroke using the Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement guidelines and definitions. STUDY DESIGN A single-center retrospective cohort study spanning 2010-2020. RESULTS There were 129,759 live births at Parkland Hospital during the study period and a total of 18 term born infants leading to a birth prevalence of 1 in 6,829 infants. Perinatal risk factors were found in all but one patient, and 74% presented with seizures. Pathologic placental examination was available in 56% of the cohort and only one patient had normal placental examination. Acute histologic chorioamnionitis was described in five placentas (50%) and an additional two had isolated umbilical and/or chorionic plate vasculitis with or without funisitis compared to a rate of 28% with acute inflammation in a Control group. Chronic inflammation in the form of villitis of unknown etiology was described in three of the acutely inflamed placentas and was high-grade in each of those while none of the placentas from our Control group showed evidence of any chronic lesion. CONCLUSION Both acute and chronic placental inflammation are common in perinatal stroke; placental examination should be considered an essential component to the diagnostic workup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Leon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- *Correspondence: Rachel L. Leon,
| | | | | | - Jennifer M. Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Imran N. Mir
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lina F. Chalak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alonso-Alconada D, Gressens P, Golay X, Robertson NJ. Neurogenesis Is Reduced at 48 h in the Subventricular Zone Independent of Cell Death in a Piglet Model of Perinatal Hypoxia-Ischemia. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:793189. [PMID: 35573964 PMCID: PMC9106110 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.793189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular and tissue damage triggered after hypoxia-ischemia (HI) can be generalized and affect the neurogenic niches present in the central nervous system. As neuroregeneration may be critical for optimizing functional recovery in neonatal encephalopathy, the goal of the present work was to investigate the neurogenic response to HI in the neurogenic niche of the subventricular zone (SVZ) in the neonatal piglet. A total of 13 large white male piglets aged <24 h were randomized into two groups: i) HI group (n = 7), animals submitted to transient cerebral HI and resuscitation; and ii) Control group (n = 6), non-HI animals. At 48 h, piglets were euthanized, and the SVZ and its surrounding regions, such as caudate and periventricular white matter, were analyzed for histology using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry by evaluating the presence of cleaved caspase 3 and TUNEL positive cells, together with the cell proliferation/neurogenesis markers Ki67 (cell proliferation), GFAP (neural stem cells processes), Sox2 (neural stem/progenitor cells), and doublecortin (DCX, a marker of immature migrating neuroblasts). Hypoxic-ischemic piglets showed a decrease in cellularity in the SVZ independent of cell death, together with decreased length of neural stem cells processes, neuroblast chains area, DCX immunoreactivity, and lower number of Ki67 + and Ki67 + Sox2 + cells. These data suggest a reduction in both cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the SVZ of the neonatal piglet, which could in turn compromise the replacement of the lost neurons and the achievement of global repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alonso-Alconada
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Xavier Golay
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola J Robertson
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Edinburgh Neuroscience, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hoffman GM, Scott JP, Stuth EA. Effects of Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension on Cerebral and Somatic Regional Tissue Oxygenation and Blood Flow in Neonates After the Norwood Procedure With Deep Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:762739. [PMID: 35223690 PMCID: PMC8873518 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.762739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonates undergoing the Norwood procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome are at higher risk of impaired systemic oxygen delivery with resultant brain, kidney, and intestinal ischemic injury, shock, and death. Complex developmental, anatomic, and treatment-related influences on cerebral and renal-somatic circulations make individualized treatment strategies physiologically attractive. Monitoring cerebral and renal circulations with near infrared spectroscopy can help drive rational therapeutic interventions. The primary aim of this study was to describe the differential effects of carbon dioxide tension on cerebral and renal circulations in neonates after the Norwood procedure. Using a prospectively-maintained database of postoperative physiologic and hemodynamic parameters, we analyzed the relationship between postoperative arterial carbon dioxide tension and tissue oxygen saturation and arteriovenous saturation difference in cerebral and renal regions, applying univariate and multivariate multilevel mixed regression techniques. Results were available from 7,644 h of data in 178 patients. Increases in arterial carbon dioxide tension were associated with increased cerebral and decreased renal oxygen saturation. Differential changes in arteriovenous saturation difference explained these effects. The cerebral circulation showed more carbon dioxide sensitivity in the early postoperative period, while sensitivity in the renal circulation increased over time. Multivariate models supported the univariate findings and defined complex time-dependent interactions presented graphically. The cerebral and renal circulations may compete for blood flow with critical limitations of cardiac output. The cerebral and renal-somatic beds have different circulatory control mechanisms that can be manipulated to change the distribution of cardiac output by altering the arterial carbon dioxide tension. Monitoring cerebral and renal circulations with near infrared spectroscopy can provide rational physiologic targets for individualized treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George M Hoffman
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Division of Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - John P Scott
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Division of Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Eckehard A Stuth
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jain S, Baer RJ, McCulloch CE, Rogers E, Rand L, Jelliffe-Pawlowski L, Piao X. Association of Maternal Immune Activation during Pregnancy and Neurologic Outcomes in Offspring. J Pediatr 2021; 238:87-93.e3. [PMID: 33965413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate neurologic morbidity among offspring during their first year of life in association with prenatal maternal immune activation (MIA), using an inclusive definition. STUDY DESIGN This retrospective cohort study included singletons born in California between 2011 and 2017. MIA was defined by International Classification of Diseases diagnosis of infection, autoimmune disorder, allergy, asthma, atherosclerosis, or malignancy during pregnancy. Neurologic morbidity in infants was defined by International Classification of Diseases diagnosis of intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, seizures, abnormal neurologic examination, or abnormal neurologic imaging. Outcomes of delayed developmental milestones during the first year of life were also explored. Risk of neurologic morbidity in offspring was approximated for women with and without MIA using log link binary regression. RESULTS Demographic characteristics among 3 004 166 mother-infant dyads with or without MIA were similar in both groups. Rate of preterm delivery in mothers with MIA (9.4%) was significantly higher than those without MIA (5.6%). Infants of mothers with MIA were more likely to experience neurologic morbidities across all gestational ages. Adjusted relative risk (95% CI) in the exposed infants was 2.0 (1.9-2.1) for abnormal neurologic examination; 1.6 (1.5-1.7) for seizures, and 1.6 (1.4-1.8) for periventricular leukomalacia. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that MIA during pregnancy may be associated with considerably higher risk of neurologic morbidity in offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samhita Jain
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Rebecca J Baer
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - Charles E McCulloch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - Elizabeth Rogers
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - Larry Rand
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - Laura Jelliffe-Pawlowski
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - Xianhua Piao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Newborn Brain Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pudasaini S, Friedrich V, Bührer C, Endesfelder S, Scheuer T, Schmitz T. Postnatal myelination of the immature rat cingulum is regulated by GABA B receptor activity. Dev Neurobiol 2021; 82:16-28. [PMID: 34605209 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Myelination of axons in the neonatal brain is a highly complex process primarily achieved by oligodendroglial cells (OLs). OLs express receptors for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) which is released from cortical interneurons on a basal level, while glial cells can be a source of GABA, too. We investigated GABA-induced oligodendroglial maturation, proliferation, apoptosis, and myelin production after pharmacological inhibition of GABAA and GABAB in the neonatal rat brain. Daily injections of the reverse GABAA receptor agonist (DMCM) and the GABAB receptor antagonist (CGP35348) were performed from postnatal day 6 (P6) to P11. MBP expression was examined by Western blots and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we determined the number of CC1+ OLIG2+ and CNP+ OLIG2+ cells to assess maturation, the number of PCNA+ OLIG2+ oligodendrocytes to assess proliferation, the number of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (PDGFRα+ OLIG2+ ), and apoptosis of OLs (CASP3A+ OLIG2+ ) as well as apoptotic cells in total (CASP3A+ DAPI+ ) at P11 and P15. In addition, we analyzed the expression Pdgfrα and CNP. MBP expression was significantly reduced after CGP treatment at P15. In the same animal group, CNP expression and CNP+ OLIG2+ cells decreased temporarily at P11. At P15, the proliferation of PCNA+ OLIG2+ cells and the number of PDGFRα+ OLIG2+ cells increased after GABAB receptor antagonization whereas no significant differences were visible in the Pdgfrα gene expression. No changes in apoptotic cell death were observed. CGP treatment induced a transient maturational delay at P11 and deficits in myelin expression at P15 with increased oligodendroglial proliferation. Our in vivo study indicates GABAB receptor activity as a potential modulator of oligodendroglial development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samipa Pudasaini
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Vivien Friedrich
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, Berlin, 10178, Germany
| | - Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Stefanie Endesfelder
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Till Scheuer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Andersson EA, Rocha-Ferreira E, Hagberg H, Mallard C, Ek CJ. Function and Biomarkers of the Blood-Brain Barrier in a Neonatal Germinal Matrix Haemorrhage Model. Cells 2021; 10:1677. [PMID: 34359845 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Germinal matrix haemorrhage (GMH), caused by rupturing blood vessels in the germinal matrix, is a prevalent driver of preterm brain injuries and death. Our group recently developed a model simulating GMH using intrastriatal injections of collagenase in 5-day-old rats, which corresponds to the brain development of human preterm infants. This study aimed to define changes to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and to evaluate BBB proteins as biomarkers in this GMH model. Regional BBB functions were investigated using blood to brain 14C-sucrose uptake as well as using biotinylated BBB tracers. Blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluids were collected at various times after GMH and analysed with ELISA for OCLN and CLDN5. The immunoreactivity of BBB proteins was assessed in brain sections. Tracer experiments showed that GMH produced a defined region surrounding the hematoma where many vessels lost their integrity. This region expanded for at least 6 h following GMH, thereafter resolution of both hematoma and re-establishment of BBB function occurred. The sucrose experiment indicated that regions somewhat more distant to the hematoma also exhibited BBB dysfunction; however, BBB function was normalised within 5 days of GMH. This shows that GMH leads to a temporal dysfunction in the BBB that may be important in pathological processes as well as in connection to therapeutic interventions. We detected an increase of tight-junction proteins in both CSF and plasma after GMH making them potential biomarkers for GMH.
Collapse
|
21
|
Uus A, Grigorescu I, Pietsch M, Batalle D, Christiaens D, Hughes E, Hutter J, Cordero Grande L, Price AN, Tournier JD, Rutherford MA, Counsell SJ, Hajnal JV, Edwards AD, Deprez M. Multi-Channel 4D Parametrized Atlas of Macro- and Microstructural Neonatal Brain Development. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:661704. [PMID: 34220423 PMCID: PMC8248811 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.661704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural (also known as anatomical) and diffusion MRI provide complimentary anatomical and microstructural characterization of early brain maturation. However, the existing models of the developing brain in time include only either structural or diffusion MRI channels. Furthermore, there is a lack of tools for combined analysis of structural and diffusion MRI in the same reference space. In this work, we propose a methodology to generate a multi-channel (MC) continuous spatio-temporal parametrized atlas of the brain development that combines multiple MRI-derived parameters in the same anatomical space during 37-44 weeks of postmenstrual age range. We co-align structural and diffusion MRI of 170 normal term subjects from the developing Human Connectomme Project using MC registration driven by both T2-weighted and orientation distribution functions channels and fit the Gompertz model to the signals and spatial transformations in time. The resulting atlas consists of 14 spatio-temporal microstructural indices and two parcellation maps delineating white matter tracts and neonatal transient structures. In order to demonstrate applicability of the atlas for quantitative region-specific studies, a comparison analysis of 140 term and 40 preterm subjects scanned at the term-equivalent age is performed using different MRI-derived microstructural indices in the atlas reference space for multiple white matter regions, including the transient compartments. The atlas and software will be available after publication of the article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Uus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Grigorescu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maximilian Pietsch
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daan Christiaens
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT/PSI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emer Hughes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Hutter
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilio Cordero Grande
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicacion, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anthony N. Price
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacques-Donald Tournier
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary A. Rutherford
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena J. Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph V. Hajnal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Deprez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Grigorescu I, Vanes L, Uus A, Batalle D, Cordero-Grande L, Nosarti C, Edwards AD, Hajnal JV, Modat M, Deprez M. Harmonized Segmentation of Neonatal Brain MRI. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:662005. [PMID: 34121991 PMCID: PMC8195278 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.662005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep learning based medical image segmentation has shown great potential in becoming a key part of the clinical analysis pipeline. However, many of these models rely on the assumption that the train and test data come from the same distribution. This means that such methods cannot guarantee high quality predictions when the source and target domains are dissimilar due to different acquisition protocols, or biases in patient cohorts. Recently, unsupervised domain adaptation techniques have shown great potential in alleviating this problem by minimizing the shift between the source and target distributions, without requiring the use of labeled data in the target domain. In this work, we aim to predict tissue segmentation maps on T 2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data of an unseen preterm-born neonatal population, which has both different acquisition parameters and population bias when compared to our training data. We achieve this by investigating two unsupervised domain adaptation techniques with the objective of finding the best solution for our problem. We compare the two methods with a baseline fully-supervised segmentation network and report our results in terms of Dice scores obtained on our source test dataset. Moreover, we analyse tissue volumes and cortical thickness measures of the harmonized data on a subset of the population matched for gestational age at birth and postmenstrual age at scan. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of the harmonized cortical gray matter maps with an analysis comparing term and preterm-born neonates and a proof-of-principle investigation of the association between cortical thickness and a language outcome measure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Grigorescu
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Vanes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alena Uus
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilio Cordero-Grande
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid & CIBER-BNN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph V. Hajnal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Modat
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Deprez
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Campbell KSJ, Williams LJ, Bjornson BH, Weik E, Brain U, Grunau RE, Miller SP, Oberlander TF. Prenatal antidepressant exposure and sex differences in neonatal corpus callosum microstructure. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22125. [PMID: 33942888 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants may influence white matter (WM) development, as previous studies report widespread microstructural alterations and reduced interhemispheric connectivity in SSRI-exposed infants. In rodents, perinatal SSRIs had sex-specific disruptions in corpus callosum (CC) axon architecture and connectivity; yet it is unknown whether SSRI-related brain outcomes in humans are sex specific. In this study, the neonate CC was selected as a region-of-interest to investigate whether prenatal SSRI exposure has sex-specific effects on early WM microstructure. On postnatal day 7, diffusion tensor imaging was used to assess WM microstructure in SSRI-exposed (n = 24; 12 male) and nonexposed (n = 48; 28 male) term-born neonates. Fractional anisotropy was extracted from CC voxels and a multivariate discriminant analysis was used to identify latent patterns differing between neonates grouped by SSRI-exposure and sex. Analysis revealed localized variations in CC fractional anisotropy that significantly discriminated neonate groups and correctly predicted group membership with an 82% accuracy. Such effects were identified across three dimensions, representing sex differences in SSRI-exposed neonates (genu, splenium), SSRI-related effects independent of sex (genu-to-rostral body), and sex differences in nonexposed neonates (isthmus-splenium, posterior midbody). Our findings suggest that CC microstructure may have a sex-specific, localized, developmental sensitivity to prenatal SSRI exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh S J Campbell
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Bruce H Bjornson
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ella Weik
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ursula Brain
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ruth E Grunau
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Steven P Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tim F Oberlander
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mike JK, Ferriero DM. Efferocytosis Mediated Modulation of Injury after Neonatal Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia. Cells 2021; 10:1025. [PMID: 33925299 PMCID: PMC8146813 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal brain hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a leading cause of morbidity and long-term disabilities in children. While we have made significant progress in describing HI mechanisms, the limited therapies currently offered for HI treatment in the clinical setting stress the importance of discovering new targetable pathways. Efferocytosis is an immunoregulatory and homeostatic process of clearance of apoptotic cells (AC) and cellular debris, best described in the brain during neurodevelopment. The therapeutic potential of stimulating defective efferocytosis has been recognized in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will explore the involvement of efferocytosis after a stroke and HI as a promising target for new HI therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Krystofova Mike
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Donna Marie Ferriero
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
- Department of Neurology Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Considering the wide spectrum of etiologies of neonatal-onset epileptic encephalopathies (EE) and their unfavorable consequences for neurodevelopmental prognoses, neuromonitoring at-risk neonates is increasingly important. EEG is highly sensitive for early identification of electrographic seizures and abnormal background activity. Amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) is recommended as a useful bedside monitoring method but as a complementary tool because of methodical limitations. It is of special significance in monitoring neonates with acute symptomatic as well as structural, metabolic and genetic neonatal-onset EE, being at high risk of electrographic-only and prolonged seizures. EEG/aEEG monitoring is established as an adjunctive tool to confirm perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). In neonates with HIE undergoing therapeutic hypothermia, burst suppression pattern is associated with good outcomes in about 40% of the patients. The prognostic specificity of EEG/aEEG is lower compared to cMRI. As infants with HIE may develop seizures after cessation of hypothermia, recording for at least 24 h after the last seizure is recommended. Progress in the identification of genetic etiology of neonatal EE constantly increases. However, presently, no specific EEG changes indicative of a genetic variant have been characterized, except for individual variants associated with typical EEG patterns (e.g., KCNQ2, KCNT1). Long-term monitoring studies are necessary to define and classify electro-clinical patterns of neonatal-onset EE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Trollmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leon RL, Ortigoza EB, Ali N, Angelis D, Wolovits JS, Chalak LF. Cerebral Blood Flow Monitoring in High-Risk Fetal and Neonatal Populations. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:748345. [PMID: 35087771 PMCID: PMC8787287 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.748345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular pressure autoregulation promotes stable cerebral blood flow (CBF) across a range of arterial blood pressures. Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is a developmental process that reaches maturity around term gestation and can be monitored prenatally with both Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Postnatally, there are key advantages and limitations to assessing CA with Doppler ultrasound, MRI, and near-infrared spectroscopy. Here we review these CBF monitoring techniques as well as their application to both fetal and neonatal populations at risk of perturbations in CBF. Specifically, we discuss CBF monitoring in fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction, anemia, congenital heart disease, neonates born preterm and those with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. We conclude the review with insights into the future directions in this field with an emphasis on collaborative science and precision medicine approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Leon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Eric B Ortigoza
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Noorjahan Ali
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Dimitrios Angelis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Joshua S Wolovits
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Lina F Chalak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jinnai M, Koning G, Singh-Mallah G, Jonsdotter A, Leverin AL, Svedin P, Nair S, Takeda S, Wang X, Mallard C, Ek CJ, Rocha-Ferreira E, Hagberg H. A Model of Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage in Preterm Rat Pups. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:535320. [PMID: 33343300 PMCID: PMC7744792 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.535320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a serious complication in extremely preterm infants associated with neurological deficits and mortality. The purpose of the present study was to develop and characterize a grade III and IV GMH model in postnatal day 5 (P5) rats, the equivalent of preterm human brain maturation. P5 Wistar rats were exposed to unilateral GMH through intracranial injection into the striatum close to the germinal matrix with 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 U of collagenase VII. During 10 days following GMH induction, motor functions and body weight were assessed and brain tissue collected at P16. Animals were tested for anxiety, motor coordination and motor asymmetry on P22–26 and P36–40. Using immunohistochemical staining and neuropathological scoring we found that a collagenase dose of 0.3 U induced GMH. Neuropathological assessment revealed that the brain injury in the collagenase group was characterized by dilation of the ipsilateral ventricle combined with mild to severe cellular necrosis as well as mild to moderate atrophy at the levels of striatum and subcortical white matter, and to a lesser extent, hippocampus and cortex. Within 0.5 h post-collagenase injection there was clear bleeding at the site of injury, with progressive increase in iron and infiltration of neutrophils in the first 24 h, together with focal microglia activation. By P16, blood was no longer observed, although significant gray and white matter brain infarction persisted. Astrogliosis was also detected at this time-point. Animals exposed to GMH performed worse than controls in the negative geotaxis test and also opened their eyes with latency compared to control animals. At P40, GMH rats spent more time in the center of open field box and moved at higher speed compared to the controls, and continued to show ipsilateral injury in striatum and subcortical white matter. We have established a P5 rat model of collagenase-induced GMH for the study of preterm brain injury. Our results show that P5 rat pups exposed to GMH develop moderate brain injury affecting both gray and white matter associated with delayed eye opening and abnormal motor functions. These animals develop hyperactivity and show reduced anxiety in the juvenile stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masako Jinnai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gabriella Koning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gagandeep Singh-Mallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrea Jonsdotter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Lena Leverin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Svedin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Syam Nair
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Carina Mallard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl Joakim Ek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eridan Rocha-Ferreira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hagberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal Medicine, Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Perez C, Felix L, Durry S, Rose CR, Ullah G. On the origin of ultraslow spontaneous Na + fluctuations in neurons of the neonatal forebrain. J Neurophysiol 2020; 125:408-425. [PMID: 33236936 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00373.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous neuronal and astrocytic activity in the neonate forebrain is believed to drive the maturation of individual cells and their integration into complex brain-region-specific networks. The previously reported forms include bursts of electrical activity and oscillations in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Here, we use ratiometric Na+ imaging to demonstrate spontaneous fluctuations in the intracellular Na+ concentration of CA1 pyramidal neurons and astrocytes in tissue slices obtained from the hippocampus of mice at postnatal days 2-4 (P2-4). These occur at very low frequency (∼2/h), can last minutes with amplitudes up to several millimolar, and mostly disappear after the first postnatal week. To further investigate their mechanisms, we model a network consisting of pyramidal neurons and interneurons. Experimentally observed Na+ fluctuations are mimicked when GABAergic inhibition in the simulated network is made depolarizing. Both our experiments and computational model show that blocking voltage-gated Na+ channels or GABAergic signaling significantly diminish the neuronal Na+ fluctuations. On the other hand, blocking a variety of other ion channels, receptors, or transporters including glutamatergic pathways does not have significant effects. Our model also shows that the amplitude and duration of Na+ fluctuations decrease as we increase the strength of glial K+ uptake. Furthermore, neurons with smaller somatic volumes exhibit fluctuations with higher frequency and amplitude. As opposed to this, larger extracellular to intracellular volume ratio observed in neonatal brain exerts a dampening effect. Finally, our model predicts that these periods of spontaneous Na+ influx leave neonatal neuronal networks more vulnerable to seizure-like states when compared with mature brain.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Spontaneous activity in the neonate forebrain plays a key role in cell maturation and brain development. We report spontaneous, ultraslow, asynchronous fluctuations in the intracellular Na+ concentration of neurons and astrocytes. We show that this activity is not correlated with the previously reported synchronous neuronal population bursting or Ca2+ oscillations, both of which occur at much faster timescales. Furthermore, extracellular K+ concentration remains nearly constant. The spontaneous Na+ fluctuations disappear after the first postnatal week.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Perez
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lisa Felix
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone Durry
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christine R Rose
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ghanim Ullah
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fan X, Wang H, Zhang L, Tang J, Qu Y, Mu D. Neuroprotection of hypoxic/ischemic preconditioning in neonatal brain with hypoxic-ischemic injury. Rev Neurosci 2020; 32:/j/revneuro.ahead-of-print/revneuro-2020-0024/revneuro-2020-0024.xml. [PMID: 32866133 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The neonatal brain is susceptible to hypoxic-ischemic injury due to its developmental characteristics. Hypoxia-ischemia means a decreased perfusion of oxygen and glucose, which can lead to severe encephalopathy. Although early initiation of therapeutic hypothermia was reported to provide neuroprotection for infants after HI, hypothermia administered alone after the acute insult cannot reverse the severe damage that already has occurred or improve the prognosis of severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Therefore, exploring new protective mechanisms for treating hypoxic-ischemic brain damage are imperative. Until now, many studies reported the neuroprotective mechanisms of hypoxic/ischemic preconditioning in protecting the hypoxic-ischemic newborn brains. After hypoxia and ischemia, hypoxia-inducible factor signaling pathway is involved in the transcriptional regulation of many genes and is also play a number of different roles in protecting brains during hypoxic/ischemic preconditioning. Hypoxic/ischemic preconditioning could protect neonatal brain by several mechanisms, including vascular regulation, anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, suppression of excitotoxicity, immune regulation, hormone levels regulation, and promote cell proliferation. This review focused on the protective mechanisms underlying hypoxic/ischemic preconditioning for neonatal brain after hypoxia-ischemia and emphasized on the important roles of hypoxia inducible factor 1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
| | - Huiqing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041,China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tang W, Xin X, O'Connor M, Zhang N, Lai B, Man HY, Xie Y, Wei Y. Transient sublethal hypoxia in neonatal rats causes reduced dendritic spines, aberrant synaptic plasticity, and impairments in memory. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1588-1604. [PMID: 32495348 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic/ischemic insult, a leading cause of functional brain defects, has been extensively studied in both clinical and experimental animal research, including its etiology, neuropathogenesis, and pharmacological interventions. Transient sublethal hypoxia (TSH) is a common clinical occurrence in the perinatal period. However, its effect on early developing brains remains poorly understood. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of TSH on the dendrite and dendritic spine formation, neuronal and synaptic activity, and cognitive behavior of early postnatal Day 1 rat pups. While TSH showed no obvious effect on gross brain morphology, neuron cell density, or glial activation in the hippocampus, we found transient hypoxia did cause significant changes in neuronal structure and function. In brains exposed to TSH, hippocampal neurons developed shorter and thinner dendrites, with decreased dendritic spine density, and reduced strength in excitatory synaptic transmission. Moreover, TSH-treated rats showed impaired cognitive performance in spatial learning and memory. Our findings demonstrate that TSH in newborn rats can cause significant impairments in synaptic formation and function, and long-lasting brain functional deficits. Therefore, this study provides a useful animal model for the study of TSH on early developing brains and to explore potential pharmaceutical interventions for patients subjected to TSH insult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Tang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine & Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Xin
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Nana Zhang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine & Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Lai
- Institute of Brain science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng-Ye Man
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuanyun Xie
- National Clinic and Medicine Research Institute for Geriatric Diseases, Gannan Health Promotion and Translational Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan University of Medical sciences, Ganzhou, China
| | - Youzhen Wei
- Research Center for Translational Medicine & Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ding Y, Acosta R, Enguix V, Suffren S, Ortmann J, Luck D, Dolz J, Lodygensky GA. Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Neonatal Brain Image Segmentation. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:207. [PMID: 32273836 PMCID: PMC7114297 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deep learning neural networks are especially potent at dealing with structured data, such as images and volumes. Both modified LiviaNET and HyperDense-Net performed well at a prior competition segmenting 6-month-old infant magnetic resonance images, but neonatal cerebral tissue type identification is challenging given its uniquely inverted tissue contrasts. The current study aims to evaluate the two architectures to segment neonatal brain tissue types at term equivalent age. METHODS Both networks were retrained over 24 pairs of neonatal T1 and T2 data from the Developing Human Connectome Project public data set and validated on another eight pairs against ground truth. We then reported the best-performing model from training and its performance by computing the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) for each tissue type against eight test subjects. RESULTS During the testing phase, among the segmentation approaches tested, the dual-modality HyperDense-Net achieved the best statistically significantly test mean DSC values, obtaining 0.94/0.95/0.92 for the tissue types and took 80 h to train and 10 min to segment, including preprocessing. The single-modality LiviaNET was better at processing T2-weighted images than processing T1-weighted images across all tissue types, achieving mean DSC values of 0.90/0.90/0.88 for gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid, respectively, while requiring 30 h to train and 8 min to segment each brain, including preprocessing. DISCUSSION Our evaluation demonstrates that both neural networks can segment neonatal brains, achieving previously reported performance. Both networks will be continuously retrained over an increasingly larger repertoire of neonatal brain data and be made available through the Canadian Neonatal Brain Platform to better serve the neonatal brain imaging research community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ding
- The Canadian Neonatal Brain Platform (CNBP), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rolando Acosta
- The Canadian Neonatal Brain Platform (CNBP), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vicente Enguix
- The Canadian Neonatal Brain Platform (CNBP), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabrina Suffren
- The Canadian Neonatal Brain Platform (CNBP), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Janosch Ortmann
- Department of Management and Technology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Luck
- The Canadian Neonatal Brain Platform (CNBP), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jose Dolz
- Laboratory for Imagery, Vision and Artificial Intelligence (LIVIA), École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gregory A. Lodygensky
- Laboratory for Imagery, Vision and Artificial Intelligence (LIVIA), École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ong ML, Tuan TA, Poh J, Teh AL, Chen L, Pan H, MacIsaac JL, Kobor MS, Chong YS, Kwek K, Saw SM, Godfrey KM, Gluckman PD, Fortier MV, Karnani N, Meaney MJ, Qiu A, Holbrook JD. Neonatal amygdalae and hippocampi are influenced by genotype and prenatal environment, and reflected in the neonatal DNA methylome. Genes Brain Behav 2019; 18:e12576. [PMID: 31020763 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The amygdala and hippocampus undergo rapid development in early life. The relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the establishment of their developmental trajectories has yet to be examined. We performed imaging on neonates and examined how the observed variation in volume and microstructure of the amygdala and hippocampus varied by genotype, and compared with prenatal maternal mental health and socioeconomic status. Gene × Environment models outcompeted models containing genotype or environment only to best explain the majority of measures but some, especially of the amygdaloid microstructure, were best explained by genotype only. Models including DNA methylation measured in the neonate umbilical cords outcompeted the Gene and Gene × Environment models for the majority of amygdaloid measures and minority of hippocampal measures. This study identified brain region-specific gene networks associated with individual differences in fetal brain development. In particular, genetic and epigenetic variation within CUX1 was highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lyn Ong
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - Ta A Tuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Imaging research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joann Poh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Imaging research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ai L Teh
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - Li Chen
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - Hong Pan
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore.,School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yap S Chong
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Kwek
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seang M Saw
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore.,Centre for Human Evolution, Adaptation and disease, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore.,Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Sackler Program for Epigenetics & Psychobiology at McGill University, Douglas University Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anqi Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Imaging research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| | - Joanna D Holbrook
- Singapore Institute of Clinical sciences (SICS), A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Boulanger-Bertolus J, Pancaro C, Mashour GA. Increasing Role of Maternal Immune Activation in Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:230. [PMID: 30344483 PMCID: PMC6182081 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The earliest stages of development are critically sensitive to environmental insults. An unfortunately timed stress on the developing brain can have dramatic consequences for the neurodevelopment and future mental health of the individual. In particular, infection of the mother during pregnancy has been correlated with increased risk of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Evidence suggests that maternal immune activation, independently from the infection itself, can be responsible for the outcome in the offspring. This recognition has resulted in expanding study designs from epidemiologic correlations to the search for a causal relationship between activation of the maternal immune system and cognitive consequences for the offspring. However, this causality analysis remained limited in humans until recent work that longitudinally linked specific markers of maternal inflammation during pregnancy with alterations of the newborn brain and cognitive development of toddlers. This focused narrative review compares and discusses the results of these recent studies and places them into the broader landscape of maternal immune activation literature. New data point, in particular, to the association between the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and modifications of the offspring's salience network and subsequent cognitive impairments. This article further emphasizes the need to carefully control for potential confounders in studying the effects of maternal immune activation on the neonatal brain as well as the under-investigated consequences of intra-partum fever on offspring neurodevelopment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Boulanger-Bertolus
- Center for Consciousness Science, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lalzad A, Wong F, Singh N, Coombs P, Brockley C, Brennan S, Ditchfield M, Rao P, Watkins A, Saxton V, Schneider M. Knowledge of Safety, Training, and Practice of Neonatal Cranial Ultrasound: A Survey of Operators. J Ultrasound Med 2018; 37:1411-1421. [PMID: 29152774 DOI: 10.1002/jum.14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ultrasound can lead to thermal and mechanical effects in interrogated tissues. This possibility suggests a potential risk during neonatal cranial ultrasound examinations. The aim of this study was to explore safety knowledge and training of neonatal cranial ultrasound among Australian operators who routinely perform these scans. METHODS An online survey was administered on biosafety and training in neonatal cranial ultrasound, targeting all relevant professionals who can perform neonatal cranial ultrasound examinations in Australia: namely, radiologists, neonatologists, sonographers, and pediatricians. The survey was conducted between November 2013 and May 2014. RESULTS A total of 282 responses were received. Twenty of 208 (10%) answered all ultrasound biosafety questions correctly, and 49 of 169 (29%) correctly defined the thermal index. Two-thirds (134 of 214 [63%]) of respondents failed to recognize that reducing the overall scanning time is the most effective method of reducing the total power exposure. Only 13% (31 of 237) indicated that a predetermined fixed period of training or that a specified minimum number of supervised scans was used during training. The reported number of supervised scans during training was highly variable. Almost half of the participants (82 of 181 [45%]) stated that they had received supervision for 10 to 50 scans (median, 20 scans). CONCLUSIONS There is a need to educate operators on biosafety issues and approaches to minimize power outputs and reduce the overall duration of cranial ultrasound scans. Development of standardized training requirements may be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Assema Lalzad
- Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Imaging, St Francis Xavier Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Imaging, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Flora Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Newborn, Monash Medical Center, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Ritchie Center, Hudson's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nabita Singh
- Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Coombs
- Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cain Brockley
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sonja Brennan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Townsville General Hospital, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Padma Rao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Monash Medical Center, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Watkins
- Department of Medical Imaging, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Virginia Saxton
- Department of Medical Imaging, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michal Schneider
- Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Meng Y, Li G, Wang L, Lin W, Gilmore JH, Shen D. Discovering cortical sulcal folding patterns in neonates using large-scale dataset. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:3625-3635. [PMID: 29700891 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The folding of the human cerebral cortex is highly complex and variable across individuals, but certain common major patterns of cortical folding do exist. Mining such common patterns of cortical folding is of great importance in understanding the inter-individual variability of cortical folding and their relationship with cognitive functions and brain disorders. As primary cortical folds are mainly genetically influenced and are well established at term birth, neonates with minimal exposure to the complicated postnatal environmental influences are ideal candidates for mining the major patterns of cortical folding. In this paper, we propose a sulcal-pit-based method to discover the major sulcal patterns of cortical folding. In our method, first, the sulcal pattern is characterized by the spatial distribution of sulcal pits, which are the locally deepest points in cortical sulci. Since deep sulcal pits are genetically related, relatively consistent across individuals, and also stable during brain development, they are well suited for representing and characterizing the sulcal patterns. Then, the similarity between the distributions of sulcal pits is measured from the spatial, geometrical, and topological points of view. Next, a comprehensive similarity matrix is constructed for the whole dataset by adaptively fusing these measurements together, thus capturing both their common and complementary information. Finally, leveraging the similarity matrix, a hierarchical affinity propagation algorithm is used to group similar sulcal folding patterns together. The proposed method has been applied to 677 neonatal brains, and revealed multiple distinct and meaningful sulcal patterns in the central sulcus, superior temporal sulcus, and cingulate sulcus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Meng
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Weili Lin
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - John H Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
KEY POINTS Cerebral haemodynamic response to neural stimulation has been extensively studied in adults, but little is known about cerebral haemodynamic response in the fetal and neonatal brain. The present study describes the cerebral haemodynamic response measured by near infrared spectroscopy to somatosensory stimulation in newborn lambs, in comparison to recent findings in fetal sheep. The cerebral haemodynamic responses in the newborn lamb brain can involve an increase in oxyhaemoglobin (oxyHb), or a decrease of oxyHb suggestive of reduced perfusion and oxygenation. Positive correlations between changes in oxyHb and mean arterial blood pressure were found in newborn but not fetal sheep, which suggests the result is unlikely to be due to immature autoregulation alone. In contrast to adult studies, hypercapnia increased the changes in cerebral blood flow and oxyHb in most of the lambs in response to somatosensory stimulation. ABSTRACT The neurovascular coupling response has been defined for the adult brain, but in the neonate non-invasive measurement of local cerebral perfusion using near infrared spectroscopy or blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging have yielded variable and inconsistent results, including negative responses suggesting decreased perfusion and localized tissue tissue hypoxia. Also, the impact of permissive hypercapnia (P aC O2 > 50 mmHg) in the management of neonates on cerebrovascular responses to somatosensory input is unknown. Using near infrared spectroscopy to measure changes in cerebral oxy- and deoxyhaemoglobin (ΔoxyHb, ΔdeoxyHb) in eight anaesthetized newborn lambs, we studied the cerebral haemodynamic functional response to left median nerve stimulation using stimulus trains of 1.8, 4.8 and 7.8 s. Stimulation always produced a somatosensory evoked response, and superficial cortical perfusion measured by laser Doppler flowmetry predominantly increased following median nerve stimulation. However, with 1.8 s stimulation, oxyHb responses in the contralateral hemisphere were either positive (i.e. increased oxyHb), negative, or absent; and with 4.8 and 7.8 s stimulations, both positive and negative responses were observed. Hypercapnia increased baseline oxyHb and total Hb consistent with cerebral vasodilatation, and six of seven lambs tested showed increased Δtotal Hb responses after the 7.8 s stimulation, among which four lambs also showed increased ΔoxyHb responses. In two of three lambs, the negative ΔoxyHb response became a positive pattern during hypercapnia. These results show that instead of functional hyperaemia, somatosensory stimulation can evoke negative (decreased oxyHb, total Hb) functional responses in the neonatal brain suggestive of decreased local perfusion and vasoconstriction, and that hypercapnia produces both baseline hyperperfusion and increased functional hyperaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.,The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - David W Walker
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, 3168, Australia.,School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Flora Y Wong
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, 3168, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, 3168, Australia.,Monash Newborn, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang L, Ke J, Li Y, Ma Q, Dasgupta C, Huang X, Zhang L, Xiao D. Inhibition of miRNA-210 reverses nicotine-induced brain hypoxic-ischemic injury in neonatal rats. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:76-84. [PMID: 28123348 PMCID: PMC5264263 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal tobacco use in pregnancy increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and neurobehavioral deficits in postnatal life. The present study tested the hypothesis that perinatal nicotine exposure exacerbated brain vulnerability to hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury in neonatal rats through up-regulation of miR-210 expression in the developing brain. Nicotine was administered to pregnant rats via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps. Experiments of HI brain injury were performed in 10-day-old pups. Perinatal nicotine treatment significantly decreased neonatal body and brain weights, but increased the brain to body weight ratio. Perinatal nicotine exposure caused a significant increase in HI brain infarct size in the neonates. In addition, nicotine enhanced miR-210 expression and significantly attenuated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin-related kinase isoform B (TrkB) protein abundance in the brain. Of importance, intracerebroventricular administration of a miR-210 inhibitor (miR-210-LNA) significantly decreased HI-induced brain infarct size and reversed the nicotine-increased vulnerability to brain HI injury in the neonate. Furthermore, miR-210-LNA treatment also reversed nicotine-mediated down-regulation of BDNF and TrkB protein expression in the neonatal brains. These findings provide novel evidence that the increased miR-210 plays a causal role in perinatal nicotine-induced developmental programming of ischemic sensitive phenotype in the brain. It represents a potential novel therapeutic approach for treatment of brain hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the neonate-induced by fetal stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA.; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ke
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA.; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Qinyi Ma
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Chiranjib Dasgupta
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - DaLiao Xiao
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wee CY, Tuan TA, Broekman BFP, Ong MY, Chong YS, Kwek K, Shek LPC, Saw SM, Gluckman PD, Fortier MV, Meaney MJ, Qiu A. Neonatal neural networks predict children behavioral profiles later in life. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:1362-1373. [PMID: 27862605 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine heterogeneity of neonatal brain network and its prediction to child behaviors at 24 and 48 months of age. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography was employed to construct brain anatomical network for 120 neonates. Clustering coefficients of individual structures were computed and used to classify neonates with similar brain anatomical networks into one group. Internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems were assessed using maternal reports of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at 24 and 48 months of age. The profile of CBCL externalizing and internalizing behaviors was then examined in the groups identified based on the neonatal brain network. Finally, support vector machine and canonical correlation analysis were used to identify brain structures whose clustering coefficients together significantly contribute the variation of the behaviors at 24 and 48 months of age. Four meaningful groups were revealed based on the brain anatomical networks at birth. Moreover, the clustering coefficients of the brain regions that most contributed to this grouping of neonates were significantly associated with childhood internalizing and externalizing behaviors assessed at 24 and 48 months of age. Specially, the clustering coefficient of the right amygdala was associated with both internalizing and externalizing behaviors at 24 months of age, while the clustering coefficients of the right inferior frontal cortex and insula were associated with externalizing behaviors at 48 months of age. Our findings suggested that neural organization established during fetal development could to some extent predict individual differences in behavioral-emotional problems in early childhood. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1362-1373, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Yaw Wee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Center, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ta Anh Tuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Center, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Birit F P Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Min Yee Ong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | | | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Marielle V Fortier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (KKH)
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore.,Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Sackler Program for Epigenetics & Psychobiology at McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Anqi Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Center, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lafuente H, Pazos MR, Alvarez A, Mohammed N, Santos M, Arizti M, Alvarez FJ, Martinez-Orgado JA. Effects of Cannabidiol and Hypothermia on Short-Term Brain Damage in New-Born Piglets after Acute Hypoxia-Ischemia. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:323. [PMID: 27462203 PMCID: PMC4940392 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothermia is a standard treatment for neonatal encephalopathy, but nearly 50% of treated infants have adverse outcomes. Pharmacological therapies can act through complementary mechanisms with hypothermia improving neuroprotection. Cannabidiol could be a good candidate. Our aim was to test whether immediate treatment with cannabidiol and hypothermia act through complementary brain pathways in hypoxic-ischemic newborn piglets. Hypoxic-ischemic animals were randomly divided into four groups receiving 30 min after the insult: (1) normothermia and vehicle administration; (2) normothermia and cannabidiol administration; (3) hypothermia and vehicle administration; and (4) hypothermia and cannabidiol administration. Six hours after treatment, brains were processed to quantify the number of damaged neurons by Nissl staining. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were obtained and analyzed for lactate, N-acetyl-aspartate and glutamate. Metabolite ratios were calculated to assess neuronal damage (lactate/N-acetyl-aspartate) and excitotoxicity (glutamate/Nacetyl-aspartate). Western blot studies were performed to quantify protein nitrosylation (oxidative stress), content of caspase-3 (apoptosis) and TNFα (inflammation). Individually, the hypothermia and the cannabidiol treatments reduced the glutamate/Nacetyl-aspartate ratio, as well as TNFα and oxidized protein levels in newborn piglets subjected to hypoxic-ischemic insult. Also, both therapies reduced the number of necrotic neurons and prevented an increase in lactate/N-acetyl-aspartate ratio. The combined effect of hypothermia and cannabidiol on excitotoxicity, inflammation and oxidative stress, and on cell damage, was greater than either hypothermia or cannabidiol alone. The present study demonstrated that cannabidiol and hypothermia act complementarily and show additive effects on the main factors leading to hypoxic-ischemic brain damage if applied shortly after the insult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hector Lafuente
- Neonatology Research Group, Biocruces Health Research Institute Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Maria R Pazos
- Group of Cannabinoids Research on Neonatal Pathologies, Research Institute Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia Alvarez
- Department of Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country Leioa, Spain
| | - Nagat Mohammed
- Group of Cannabinoids Research on Neonatal Pathologies, Research Institute Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Santos
- Group of Cannabinoids Research on Neonatal Pathologies, Research Institute Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda Madrid, Spain
| | - Maialen Arizti
- Neonatology Research Group, Biocruces Health Research Institute Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Alvarez
- Neonatology Research Group, Biocruces Health Research Institute Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jose A Martinez-Orgado
- Group of Cannabinoids Research on Neonatal Pathologies, Research Institute Puerta de Hierro MajadahondaMadrid, Spain; Department of Neonatology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC)Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang Y, Shi F, Yap PT, Shen D. Detail-preserving construction of neonatal brain atlases in space-frequency domain. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:2133-50. [PMID: 26987787 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain atlases are commonly utilized in neuroimaging studies. However, most brain atlases are fuzzy and lack structural details, especially in the cortical regions. This is mainly caused by the image averaging process involved in atlas construction, which often smoothes out high-frequency contents that capture fine anatomical details. Brain atlas construction for neonatal images is even more challenging due to insufficient spatial resolution and low tissue contrast. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for detail-preserving construction of population-representative atlases. Our approach combines spatial and frequency information to better preserve image details. This is achieved by performing atlas construction in the space-frequency domain given by wavelet transform. In particular, sparse patch-based atlas construction is performed in all frequency subbands, and the results are combined to give a final atlas. For enhancing anatomical details, tissue probability maps are also used to guide atlas construction. Experimental results show that our approach can produce atlases with greater structural details than existing atlases. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2133-2150, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Zhang
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Pew-Thian Yap
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zanelli SA, Rajasekaran K, Grosenbaugh DK, Kapur J. Increased excitability and excitatory synaptic transmission during in vitro ischemia in the neonatal mouse hippocampus. Neuroscience 2015; 310:279-89. [PMID: 26404876 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study tested the hypothesis that exposure to in vitro hypoxia-ischemia alters membrane properties and excitability as well as excitatory synaptic transmission of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the neonatal mouse. METHODS Experiments were conducted in hippocampal slices in P7-P9 C57Bl/6 mice using whole-cell patch clamp in current- and voltage-clamp mode. Passive membrane potential (Vm), input resistance (Rin) and active (action potential (AP) threshold and amplitude) membrane properties of CA1 pyramidal neurons were assessed at baseline, during 10 min in vitro ischemia (oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)) and during reoxygenation. Spontaneous and miniature excitatory post-synaptic currents (s and mEPSCs) were studied under similar conditions. RESULTS OGD caused significant depolarization of CA1 pyramidal neurons as well as decrease in AP threshold and increase in AP amplitude. These changes were blocked by the application of tetrodotoxin (TTX), indicating Na(+) channels' involvement. Following 10 min of reoxygenation, significant membrane hyperpolarization was noted and it was associated with a decrease in Rin. AP threshold and amplitude returned to baseline during that stage. sEPSC and mEPSC frequency increased during both OGD and reoxygenation but their amplitude remained unchanged. Additionally, we found that OGD decreases Ih (hyperpolarization activated current) in CA1 neurons from neonatal mice and this effect persists during reoxygenation. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicate that in vitro ischemia leads to changes in membrane excitability mediated by sodium and potassium channels. Further, it results in enhanced neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals. These changes are likely to represent one of the mechanisms of hypoxia/ischemia-mediated seizures in the neonatal period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Zanelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
| | - K Rajasekaran
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
| | - D K Grosenbaugh
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
| | - J Kapur
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mathon B, Nassar M, Simonnet J, Le Duigou C, Clemenceau S, Miles R, Fricker D. Increasing the effectiveness of intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice: a neurosurgical point of view. Neurosci Bull 2015; 31:685-96. [PMID: 26345180 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-015-1558-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral injections of tracers or viral constructs in rodents are now commonly used in the neurosciences and must be executed perfectly. The purpose of this article is to update existing protocols for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice. Our procedure for stereotaxic injections in adult mice allows the investigator to improve the effectiveness and safety, and save time. Furthermore, for the first time, we describe a two-handed procedure for intracerebral injections in neonatal mice that can be performed by a single operator in a very short time. Our technique using the stereotaxic arm allows a higher precision than freehand techniques previously described. Stereotaxic injections in adult mice can be performed in 20 min and have >90% efficacy in targeting the injection site. Injections in neonatal mice can be performed in 5 min. Efficacy depends on the difficulty of precisely localizing the injection sites, due to the small size of the animal. We describe an innovative, effortless, and reproducible surgical protocol for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Mathon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier, Universitaire de La Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, F-75013, Paris, France. .,Inserm, U 1127, F-75013, Paris, France. .,CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France. .,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013, Paris, France. .,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.
| | - Mérie Nassar
- Inserm, U 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Jean Simonnet
- Inserm, U 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Le Duigou
- Inserm, U 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Clemenceau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier, Universitaire de La Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Richard Miles
- Inserm, U 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Desdemona Fricker
- Inserm, U 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013, Paris, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rifkin-Graboi A, Meaney MJ, Chen H, Bai J, Hameed WB, Tint MT, Broekman BFP, Chong YS, Gluckman PD, Fortier MV, Qiu A. Antenatal maternal anxiety predicts variations in neural structures implicated in anxiety disorders in newborns. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; 54:313-21.e2. [PMID: 25791148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antenatal maternal anxiety predicts offspring neurodevelopment and psychopathology, although the degree to which these associations reflect postnatal influences is unclear. To limit this possibility, we assessed newborn neuronal microstructures using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and assessed neonatal microstructure variation in relation to antenatal anxiety and in prediction of infant socio-emotional behavior at age 1 year. METHOD Dyads were drawn from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort, and included mothers who completed the Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at 26 weeks gestation (scoring >90, n = 20; scoring <70, n = 34) and their neonates (5-17 days postnatal) who took part in DTI. RESULTS Antenatal anxiety predicted variation in fractional anisotropy (FA) of regions important to cognitive-emotional responses to stress (i.e., the right insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), sensory processing (e.g., right middle occipital), and socio-emotional function (e.g., the right angular gyrus, uncinate fasciculus, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus). In a subset of infants with Infant Toddler Socio-Emotional Assessment (ITSEA) data, some of these right lateralized clusters predicted infant internalizing (e.g., insula: β = 0.511, p = .03) but not externalizing behavior 1 year later, although these analyses failed to withstand the correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION These findings suggest the need for larger-scale investigations of the role that corticolimbic structures play in regulating cognitive-emotional responses to threat, and potentially in mediating the cross-generational transmission of anxiety, as well as in underscoring the importance of early mother-infant intervention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Sackler Program for Epigenetics and Psychobiology, McGill University, Montreal
| | - Helen Chen
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jordan Bai
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, National University of Singapore
| | | | | | - Birit F P Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Anqi Qiu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences; National University of Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hsu YC, Chang YC, Lin YC, Sze CI, Huang CC, Ho CJ. Cerebral microvascular damage occurs early after hypoxia-ischemia via nNOS activation in the neonatal brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:668-76. [PMID: 24398931 PMCID: PMC3982088 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microvascular injury early after hypoxic ischemia (HI) may contribute to neonatal brain damage. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor overstimulation activates neuronal nitric oxide synthases (nNOS). We hypothesized that microvascular damage occurs early post-HI via nNOS activation and contributes to brain injury. Postpartum day-7 rat pups were treated with 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) or aminoguanidine (AG) before or after HI. Electron microscopy was performed to measure neuronal and endothelial cell damage. There were vascular lumen narrowing at 1 hour, pyknotic neurons at 3 hours, and extensive neuronal damage and loss of vessels at 24 hours post HI. Early after reoxygenation, there were neurons with heterochromatic chromatin and endothelial cells with enlarged nuclei occluding the lumen. There was also increased 3-nitrotyrosin in the microvessels and decreased cerebral blood perfusion. 7-NI and AG treatment before hypoxia provided complete and partial neuroprotection, respectively. Early post-reoxygenation, the AG group showed significantly increased microvascular nitrosative stress, microvascular interruptions, swollen nuclei that narrowed the vascular lumen, and decreased cerebral perfusion. The 7-NI group showed significantly decreased microvascular nitrosative stress, patent vascular lumen, and increased cerebral perfusion. Our results indicate that microvascular damage occurs early and progressively post HI. Neuronal nitric oxide synthases activation contributes to microvascular damage and decreased cerebral perfusion early after reoxygenation and worsens brain damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Hsu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chao Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chieh Lin
- 1] Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan City, Taiwan [2] Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-I Sze
- Institute of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ching Huang
- 1] Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, Taiwan [2] Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jung Ho
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shi F, Wang L, Wu G, Li G, Gilmore JH, Lin W, Shen D. Neonatal atlas construction using sparse representation. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 35:4663-77. [PMID: 24638883 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atlas construction generally includes first an image registration step to normalize all images into a common space and then an atlas building step to fuse the information from all the aligned images. Although numerous atlas construction studies have been performed to improve the accuracy of the image registration step, unweighted or simply weighted average is often used in the atlas building step. In this article, we propose a novel patch-based sparse representation method for atlas construction after all images have been registered into the common space. By taking advantage of local sparse representation, more anatomical details can be recovered in the built atlas. To make the anatomical structures spatially smooth in the atlas, the anatomical feature constraints on group structure of representations and also the overlapping of neighboring patches are imposed to ensure the anatomical consistency between neighboring patches. The proposed method has been applied to 73 neonatal MR images with poor spatial resolution and low tissue contrast, for constructing a neonatal brain atlas with sharp anatomical details. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly enhance the quality of the constructed atlas by discovering more anatomical details especially in the highly convoluted cortical regions. The resulting atlas demonstrates superior performance of our atlas when applied to spatially normalizing three different neonatal datasets, compared with other start-of-the-art neonatal brain atlases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Rifkin-Graboi A, Bai J, Chen H, Hameed WB, Sim LW, Tint MT, Leutscher-Broekman B, Chong YS, Gluckman PD, Fortier MV, Meaney MJ, Qiu A. Prenatal maternal depression associates with microstructure of right amygdala in neonates at birth. Biol Psychiatry 2013; 74:837-44. [PMID: 23968960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antenatal maternal cortisol levels associate with alterations in the amygdala, a structure associated with emotion regulation, in the offspring. However, because offspring brain and behavior are commonly assessed years after birth, the timing of such maternal influences is unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between antenatal maternal depressive symptomatology and neonatal amygdala volume and microstructure and thus establish evidence for the transgenerational transmission of vulnerability for affective disorders during prenatal development. METHODS Our study recruited Asian mothers at 10 to 13 weeks pregnancy and assessed maternal depression at 26 weeks gestation using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging were performed with 157 nonsedated, 6- to 14-day-old newborns and then analyzed to extract the volume, fractional anisotropy, and axial diffusivity values of the amygdala. RESULTS Adjusting for household income, maternal age, and smoking exposure, postconceptual age at magnetic resonance imaging, and birth weight, we found significantly lower fractional anisotropy (p = .009) and axial diffusivity (p = .028), but not volume (p = .993), in the right amygdala in the infants of mothers with high compared with those with low-normal Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores. CONCLUSIONS The results reveal a significant relation between antenatal maternal depression and the neonatal microstructure of the right amygdala, a brain region closely associated with stress reactivity and vulnerability for mood anxiety disorders. These findings suggest the prenatal transmission of vulnerability for depression from mother to child and that interventions targeting maternal depression should begin early in pregnancy.
Collapse
|
47
|
Qiu A, Rifkin-Graboi A, Chen H, Chong YS, Kwek K, Gluckman PD, Fortier MV, Meaney MJ. Maternal anxiety and infants' hippocampal development: timing matters. Transl Psychiatry 2013; 3:e306. [PMID: 24064710 PMCID: PMC3784768 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2013.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to maternal anxiety predicts offspring brain development. However, because children's brains are commonly assessed years after birth, the timing of such maternal influences in humans is unclear. This study aimed to examine the consequences of antenatal and postnatal exposure to maternal anxiety upon early infant development of the hippocampus, a key structure for stress regulation. A total of 175 neonates underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at birth and among them 35 had repeated scans at 6 months of age. Maternal anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at week 26 of pregnancy and 3 months after delivery. Regression analyses showed that antenatal maternal anxiety did not influence bilateral hippocampal volume at birth. However, children of mothers reporting increased anxiety during pregnancy showed slower growth of both the left and right hippocampus over the first 6 months of life. This effect of antenatal maternal anxiety upon right hippocampal growth became statistically stronger when controlling for postnatal maternal anxiety. Furthermore, a strong positive association between postnatal maternal anxiety and right hippocampal growth was detected, whereas a strong negative association between postnatal maternal anxiety and the left hippocampal volume at 6 months of life was found. Hence, the postnatal growth of bilateral hippocampi shows distinct responses to postnatal maternal anxiety. The size of the left hippocampus during early development is likely to reflect the influence of the exposure to perinatal maternal anxiety, whereas right hippocampal growth is constrained by antenatal maternal anxiety, but enhanced in response to increased postnatal maternal anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Qiu
- Department of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore,Clinical Imaging Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore,Department of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #03-12, Singapore 117576, Singapore. E-mail:
| | - A Rifkin-Graboi
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - H Chen
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), Singapore
| | - Y-S Chong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - K Kwek
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - P D Gluckman
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M V Fortier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), Singapore
| | - M J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Knox R, Zhao C, Miguel-Perez D, Wang S, Yuan J, Ferriero D, Jiang X. Enhanced NMDA receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and increased brain injury following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in mice with neuronal Fyn overexpression. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 51:113-9. [PMID: 23127881 PMCID: PMC3595007 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2012.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Src family kinases (SFKs) Src and Fyn are implicated in hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury in the developing brain. However, it is unclear how these particular SFKs contribute to brain injury. Using neuron-specific Fyn overexpressing (OE) mice, we investigated the role of neuronal Fyn in neonatal brain HI. Wild type (WT) and Fyn OE mice were subjected to HI using the Vannucci model at postnatal day 7. Brains were scored five days later for evaluation of damage using cresyl violet and iron staining. Western blotting with postsynaptic density (PSD)-associated synaptic membrane proteins and co-immunoprecipitation with cortical lysates were performed at various time points after HI to determine NMDA receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and Fyn kinase activity. Fyn OE mice had significantly higher mortality and brain injury compared to their WT littermates. Neuronal Fyn overexpression led to sustained NR2A and NR2B tyrosine phosphorylation and enhanced NR2B phosphorylation at tyrosine (Y) 1472 and Y1252 in synaptic membranes. These early changes correlated with higher calpain activity 24h after HI in Fyn OE mice relative to WT animals. Our findings suggest a role for Fyn kinase in neuronal death after neonatal HI, possibly via up-regulation of NMDA receptor tyrosine phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renatta Knox
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Chong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Dario Miguel-Perez
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Steven Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jinwei Yuan
- Icon Clinical Research, Redwood City, CA 94065, USA
| | - Donna Ferriero
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Xiangning Jiang
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hapuarachchi T, Moroz T, Bainbridge A, Price D, Cady E, Baer E, Broad K, Ezzati M, Thomas D, Golay X, Robertson NJ, Tachtsidis I. Modelling blood flow and metabolism in the piglet brain during hypoxia-ischaemia: simulating pH changes. Adv Exp Med Biol 2013; 789:331-337. [PMID: 23852512 PMCID: PMC4037998 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-7411-1_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We describe the extension of a computational model of blood flow and metabolism in the piglet brain to investigate changes in neonatal intracellular brain pH during hypoxia-ischemia (HI). The model is able to simulate near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measurements obtained from HI experiments conducted in piglets. We adopt a method of using (31)P-MRS data to estimate of intracellular pH and compare measured pH and oxygenation with their modelled counterparts. We show that both NIRS and MRS measurements are predicted well in the new version of the model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy Moroz
- CoMPLEX, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alan Bainbridge
- Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Price
- Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ernest Cady
- Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Esther Baer
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin Broad
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mojgan Ezzati
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Thomas
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Xavier Golay
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lu Q, Wainwright MS, Harris VA, Aggarwal S, Hou Y, Rau T, Poulsen DJ, Black SM. Increased NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide is involved in the neuronal cell death induced by hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal hippocampal slice cultures. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:1139-51. [PMID: 22728269 PMCID: PMC3527086 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal brain hypoxia-ischemia (HI) results in neuronal cell death. Previous studies indicate that reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide, play a key role in this process. However, the cellular sources have not been established. In this study we examine the role of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex in neonatal HI brain injury and elucidate its mechanism of activation. Rat hippocampal slices were exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic the conditions seen in HI. Initial studies confirmed an important role for NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide in the oxidative stress associated with OGD. Further, the OGD-mediated increase in apoptotic cell death was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin. The activation of NADPH oxidase was found to be dependent on the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation and activation of the p47(phox) subunit. Using an adeno-associated virus antisense construct to selectively decrease p47(phox) expression in neurons showed that this led to inhibition of both the increase in superoxide and the neuronal cell death associated with OGD. We also found that NADPH oxidase inhibition in a neonatal rat model of HI or scavenging hydrogen peroxide reduced brain injury. Thus, we conclude that activation of the NADPH oxidase complex contributes to the oxidative stress during HI and that therapies targeted against this complex could provide neuroprotection against the brain injury associated with neonatal HI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|