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Dorweiler TF, Singh A, Ganju A, Lydic TA, Glazer LC, Kolesnick RN, Busik JV. Diabetic retinopathy is a ceramidopathy reversible by anti-ceramide immunotherapy. Cell Metab 2024:S1550-4131(24)00133-5. [PMID: 38718792 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular disease that causes blindness. Using acid sphingomyelinase knockout mice, we reported that ceramide generation is critical for diabetic retinopathy development. Here, in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, we identify vitreous ceramide imbalance with pathologic long-chain C16-ceramides increasing and protective very long-chain C26-ceramides decreasing. C16-ceramides generate pro-inflammatory/pro-apoptotic ceramide-rich platforms on endothelial surfaces. To geo-localize ceramide-rich platforms, we invented a three-dimensional confocal assay and showed that retinopathy-producing cytokines TNFα and IL-1β induce ceramide-rich platform formation on retinal endothelial cells within seconds, with volumes increasing 2-logs, yielding apoptotic death. Anti-ceramide antibodies abolish these events. Furthermore, intravitreal and systemic anti-ceramide antibodies protect from diabetic retinopathy in standardized rodent ischemia reperfusion and streptozotocin models. These data support (1) retinal endothelial ceramide as a diabetic retinopathy treatment target, (2) early-stage therapy of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy to prevent progression, and (3) systemic diabetic retinopathy treatment; and they characterize diabetic retinopathy as a "ceramidopathy" reversible by anti-ceramide immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim F Dorweiler
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02113, USA
| | - Arjun Singh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aditya Ganju
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Todd A Lydic
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Louis C Glazer
- Vitreo-Retinal Associates, Grand Rapids, MI 49546, USA; Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Richard N Kolesnick
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Julia V Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Biochemistry and Physiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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2
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Horváth Á, Steib A, Nehr-Majoros A, Kántás B, Király Á, Racskó M, Tóth BI, Szánti-Pintér E, Kudová E, Skoda-Földes R, Helyes Z, Szőke É. Anti-Nociceptive Effects of Sphingomyelinase and Methyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin in the Icilin-Induced Mouse Pain Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4637. [PMID: 38731855 PMCID: PMC11083984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The thermo- and pain-sensitive Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 and 8 (TRPM3 and TRPM8) ion channels are functionally associated in the lipid rafts of the plasma membrane. We have already described that cholesterol and sphingomyelin depletion, or inhibition of sphingolipid biosynthesis decreased the TRPM8 but not the TRPM3 channel opening on cultured sensory neurons. We aimed to test the effects of lipid raft disruptors on channel activation on TRPM3- and TRPM8-expressing HEK293T cells in vitro, as well as their potential analgesic actions in TRPM3 and TRPM8 channel activation involving acute pain models in mice. CHO cell viability was examined after lipid raft disruptor treatments and their effects on channel activation on channel expressing HEK293T cells by measurement of cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration were monitored. The effects of treatments were investigated in Pregnenolone-Sulphate-CIM-0216-evoked and icilin-induced acute nocifensive pain models in mice. Cholesterol depletion decreased CHO cell viability. Sphingomyelinase and methyl-beta-cyclodextrin reduced the duration of icilin-evoked nocifensive behavior, while lipid raft disruptors did not inhibit the activity of recombinant TRPM3 and TRPM8. We conclude that depletion of sphingomyelin or cholesterol from rafts can modulate the function of native TRPM8 receptors. Furthermore, sphingolipid cleavage provided superiority over cholesterol depletion, and this method can open novel possibilities in the management of different pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Horváth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.H.); (A.S.); (A.N.-M.); (B.K.); (Á.K.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Rókus Str. 2., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anita Steib
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.H.); (A.S.); (A.N.-M.); (B.K.); (Á.K.); (Z.H.)
| | - Andrea Nehr-Majoros
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.H.); (A.S.); (A.N.-M.); (B.K.); (Á.K.); (Z.H.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Cct. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Kántás
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.H.); (A.S.); (A.N.-M.); (B.K.); (Á.K.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pécs, Édesanyák Str. 17., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Király
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.H.); (A.S.); (A.N.-M.); (B.K.); (Á.K.); (Z.H.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Cct. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márk Racskó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Cct. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.R.); (B.I.T.)
| | - Balázs István Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Cct. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.R.); (B.I.T.)
| | - Eszter Szánti-Pintér
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic; (E.S.-P.); (E.K.)
| | - Eva Kudová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic; (E.S.-P.); (E.K.)
| | - Rita Skoda-Földes
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10., H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary;
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.H.); (A.S.); (A.N.-M.); (B.K.); (Á.K.); (Z.H.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Cct. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- PharmInVivo Ltd., Szondy György Str. 10., H-7629 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.H.); (A.S.); (A.N.-M.); (B.K.); (Á.K.); (Z.H.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Cct. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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3
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Girik V, van Ek L, Dentand Quadri I, Azam M, Cruz Cobo M, Mandavit M, Riezman I, Riezman H, Gavin AC, Nunes-Hasler P. Development of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent KSR1-Based Probes to Track Ceramides during Phagocytosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2996. [PMID: 38474242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ceramides regulate phagocytosis; however, their exact function remains poorly understood. Here, we sought (1) to develop genetically encoded fluorescent tools for imaging ceramides, and (2) to use them to examine ceramide dynamics during phagocytosis. Fourteen enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fusion constructs based on four known ceramide-binding domains were generated and screened. While most constructs localized to the nucleus or cytosol, three based on the CA3 ceramide-binding domain of kinase suppressor of ras 1 (KSR1) localized to the plasma membrane or autolysosomes. C-terminally tagged CA3 with a vector-based (C-KSR) or glycine-serine linker (C-KSR-GS) responded sensitively and similarly to ceramide depletion and accumulation using a panel of ceramide modifying drugs, whereas N-terminally tagged CA3 (N-KSR) responded differently to a subset of treatments. Lipidomic and liposome microarray analysis suggested that, instead, N-KSR may preferentially bind glucosyl-ceramide. Additionally, the three probes showed distinct dynamics during phagocytosis. Despite partial autolysosomal degradation, C-KSR and C-KSR-GS accumulated at the plasma membrane during phagocytosis, whereas N-KSR did not. Moreover, the weak recruitment of C-KSR-GS to the endoplasmic reticulum and phagosomes was enhanced through overexpression of the endoplasmic reticulum proteins stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and Sec22b, and was more salient in dendritic cells. The data suggest these novel probes can be used to analyze sphingolipid dynamics and function in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Girik
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Larissa van Ek
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Dentand Quadri
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maral Azam
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - María Cruz Cobo
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marion Mandavit
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Riezman
- Department of Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Howard Riezman
- Department of Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Claude Gavin
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paula Nunes-Hasler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Rivera‐de‐Torre E, Lampadariou S, Møiniche M, Bohn MF, Kazemi SM, Laustsen AH. Discovery of broadly-neutralizing antibodies against brown recluse spider and Gadim scorpion sphingomyelinases using consensus toxins as antigens. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4901. [PMID: 38358130 PMCID: PMC10868436 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Broadly-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are becoming increasingly important tools for treating infectious diseases and animal envenomings. However, designing and developing broadly-neutralizing antibodies can be cumbersome using traditional low-throughput iterative protein engineering methods. Here, we present a new high-throughput approach for the standardized discovery of broadly-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies relying on phage display technology and consensus antigens representing average sequences of related proteins. We showcase the utility of this approach by applying it to toxic sphingomyelinases from the venoms of species from very distant orders of the animal kingdom, the recluse spider and Gadim scorpion. First, we designed a consensus sphingomyelinase and performed three rounds of phage display selection, followed by DELFIA-based screening and ranking, and benchmarked this to a similar campaign involving cross-panning against recombinant versions of the native toxins. Second, we identified two scFvs that not only bind the consensus toxins, but which can also neutralize sphingomyelinase activity of native whole venom in vitro. Finally, we conclude that the phage display campaign involving the use of the consensus toxin was more successful in yielding cross-neutralizing scFvs than the phage display campaign involving cross-panning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefanos Lampadariou
- Department of Biotechnology and BiomedicineTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Mark Møiniche
- Department of Biotechnology and BiomedicineTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Markus F. Bohn
- Department of Biotechnology and BiomedicineTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark
| | | | - Andreas H. Laustsen
- Department of Biotechnology and BiomedicineTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark
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5
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Jia Y, Guan Z, Liu C, Huang M, Li J, Feng J, Shen B, Yang G. Staphylococcus aureus β-hemolysin causes skin inflammation by acting as an agonist of epidermal growth factor receptor. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0222723. [PMID: 38059627 PMCID: PMC10783061 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02227-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive opportunistic bacterium that is responsible for the majority of skin infections in humans. Our study provides important molecular insights into the pathogenesis of S. aureus skin infections and identifies a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of these infections. Our findings also indicate that β-hemolysin (Hlb) secreted by colonized S. aureus is a risk factor for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-related diseases by acting as an agonist of EGFR. The neutralized monoclonal antibody we have developed for the first time will provide a functional inhibitor of Hlb. This study provides important insights to better understand the relationship between the skin colonization of S. aureus and inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggen Jia
- Beijing Institute of Tropical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangchun Guan
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenghua Liu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Minjun Huang
- Beijing Institute of Tropical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Beijing Institute of Tropical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannan Feng
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Beifen Shen
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Beijing Institute of Tropical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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6
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Franco M, Cano-Martínez A, Ramos-Godínez MDP, López-Marure R, Donis-Maturano L, Sosa JS, Bautista-Pérez R. Immunolocalization of Sphingolipid Catabolism Enzymes along the Nephron: Novel Early Urinary Biomarkers of Renal Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16633. [PMID: 38068956 PMCID: PMC10706607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether the activity of enzymes involved in sphingolipid catabolism could be biomarkers to predict early renal damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension rats. Diabetic and hypertensive rats had no changes in plasma creatinine concentration. However, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed slight ultrastructural changes in the glomeruli and tubular epithelial cells from diabetic and hypertensive rats. Our results show that the acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) and neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) activity increased in the urine of diabetic rats and decreased in hypertensive rats. Only neutral ceramidase (nCDase) activity increased in the urine of diabetic rats. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence demonstrated positive staining for the nSMase, nCDase, and sphingosine kinase (SphK1) in glomerular mesangial cells, proximal tubule, ascending thin limb of the loop of Henle, thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, and principal cells of the collecting duct in the kidney. In conclusion, our results suggest that aSMase and nCDase activity in urine could be a novel predictor of early slight ultrastructural changes in the nephron, aSMase and nCDase as glomerular injury biomarkers, and nSMase as a tubular injury biomarker in diabetic and hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Franco
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.F.)
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (R.L.-M.)
| | | | - Rebeca López-Marure
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.C.-M.); (R.L.-M.)
| | - Luis Donis-Maturano
- Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico;
| | - José Santamaría Sosa
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.F.)
| | - Rocio Bautista-Pérez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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7
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He X, Schuchman EH. Identification of a Novel Acid Sphingomyelinase Activity Associated with Recombinant Human Acid Ceramidase. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1623. [PMID: 38002305 PMCID: PMC10669851 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid ceramidase (AC) is a lysosomal enzyme required to hydrolyze ceramide to sphingosine by the removal of the fatty acid moiety. An inherited deficiency in this activity results in two disorders, Farber Lipogranulomatosis and spinal muscular atrophy with myoclonic epilepsy, leading to the accumulation of ceramides and other sphingolipids in various cells and tissues. In addition to ceramide hydrolysis, several other activities have been attributed to AC, including a reverse reaction that synthesizes ceramide from free fatty acids and sphingosine, and a deacylase activity that removes fatty acids from complex lipids such as sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids. A close association of AC with another important enzyme of sphingolipid metabolism, acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), has also been observed. Herein, we used a highly purified recombinant human AC (rhAC) and novel UPLC-based assay methods to investigate the recently described deacylase activity of rhAC against three sphingolipid substrates, sphingomyelin, galactosyl- and glucosylceramide. No deacylase activities were detected using this method, although we did unexpectedly identify a significant ASM activity using natural (C-18) and artificial (Bodipy-C12) sphingomyelin substrates as well as the ASM-specific fluorogenic substrate, hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl phosphorylcholine (HMU-PC). We showed that this ASM activity was not due to contaminating, hamster-derived ASM in the rhAC preparation, and that the treatment of ASM-knockout mice with rhAC significantly reduced sphingomyelin storage in the liver. However, unlike the treatment with rhASM, this did not lead to elevated ceramide or sphingosine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward H. Schuchman
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
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8
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Gamal M, Tallima H, Azzazy HME, Abdelnaser A. Impact of HepG2 Cells Glutathione Depletion on Neutral Sphingomyelinases mRNA Levels and Activity. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5005-5017. [PMID: 37367067 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a prevalent form of cancer worldwide. While research has shown that increasing sphingomyelin (SM) hydrolysis by activating the cell surface membrane-associated neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) can control cell proliferation and apoptosis, the role of total glutathione depletion in inducing tumor cell apoptosis via nSMase2 activation is still under investigation. Conversely, glutathione-mediated inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is necessary for the enzymatic activity of nSMase1 and nSMase3, increased ceramide levels, and cell apoptosis. This study evaluated the effects of depleting total glutathione in HepG2 cells using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO). The study assessed nSMases RNA levels and activities, intracellular ceramide levels, and cell proliferation using RT-qPCR, Amplex red neutral sphingomyelinase fluorescence assay, and colorimetric assays, respectively. The results indicated a lack of nSMase2 mRNA expression in treated and untreated HepG2 cells. Depletion of total glutathione resulted in a significant increase in mRNA levels but a dramatic reduction in the enzymatic activity of nSMase1 and nSMase3, a rise in ROS levels, a decrease in intracellular levels of ceramide, and an increase in cell proliferation. These findings suggest that total glutathione depletion may exacerbate liver cancer (HCC) and not support using total glutathione-depleting agents in HCC management. It is important to note that these results are limited to HepG2 cells, and further studies are necessary to determine if these effects will also occur in other cell lines. Additional research is necessary to explore the role of total glutathione depletion in inducing tumor cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Gamal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hatem Tallima
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hassan M E Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Anwar Abdelnaser
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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9
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Gruzdeva O, Dyleva Y, Belik E, Uchasova E, Ponasenko A, Ivanov S, Zinets M, Stasev A, Kutikhin A, Markova V, Poddubnyak A, Gorbatovskaya E, Fanaskova E, Barbarash O. Expression of Ceramide-Metabolizing Enzymes in the Heart Adipose Tissue of Cardiovascular Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119494. [PMID: 37298446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we examined the expression of ceramide metabolism enzymes in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) of 30 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 30 patients with valvular heart disease (VHD) by means of quantitative polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent Western blotting. The EAT of patients with CAD showed higher expression of the genes responsible for ceramide biosynthesis (SPTLC1, SPTLC2, CERS1, 5, 6, DEGS1, and SMPD1) and utilization (ASAH1, SGMS1). PVAT was characterized by higher mRNA levels of CERS3, CERS4, DEGS1, SMPD1, and ceramide utilization enzyme (SGMS2). In patients with VHD, there was a high CERS4, DEGS1, and SGMS2 expression in the EAT and CERS3 and CERS4 expression in the PVAT. Among patients with CAD, the expression of SPTLC1 in SAT and EAT, SPTLC2 in EAT, CERS2 in all studied AT, CERS4 and CERS5 in EAT, DEGS1 in SAT and EAT, ASAH1 in all studied AT, and SGMS1 in EAT was higher than in those with VHD. Protein levels of ceramide-metabolizing enzymes were consistent with gene expression trends. The obtained results indicate an activation of ceramide synthesis de novo and from sphingomyelin in cardiovascular disease, mainly in EAT, that contributes to the accumulation of ceramides in this location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gruzdeva
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Kemerovo State Medical University, 650029 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Yulia Dyleva
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Belik
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Evgenia Uchasova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Anastasia Ponasenko
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Sergey Ivanov
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Maxim Zinets
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Alexander Stasev
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Anton Kutikhin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Victoria Markova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Alena Poddubnyak
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Evgenia Gorbatovskaya
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Elena Fanaskova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Olga Barbarash
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6, Sosnovy Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Kemerovo State Medical University, 650029 Kemerovo, Russia
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10
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Ruisanchez É, Janovicz A, Panta RC, Kiss L, Párkányi A, Straky Z, Korda D, Liliom K, Tigyi G, Benyó Z. Enhancement of Sphingomyelinase-Induced Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase-Mediated Vasorelaxation in a Murine Model of Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098375. [PMID: 37176081 PMCID: PMC10179569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are important biological mediators both in health and disease. We investigated the vascular effects of enhanced sphingomyelinase (SMase) activity in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to gain an understanding of the signaling pathways involved. Myography was used to measure changes in the tone of the thoracic aorta after administration of 0.2 U/mL neutral SMase in the presence or absence of the thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptor antagonist SQ 29,548 and the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NAME. In precontracted aortic segments of non-diabetic mice, SMase induced transient contraction and subsequent weak relaxation, whereas vessels of diabetic (Leprdb/Leprdb, referred to as db/db) mice showed marked relaxation. In the presence of the TP receptor antagonist, SMase induced enhanced relaxation in both groups, which was 3-fold stronger in the vessels of db/db mice as compared to controls and could not be abolished by ceramidase or sphingosine-kinase inhibitors. Co-administration of the NOS inhibitor L-NAME abolished vasorelaxation in both groups. Our results indicate dual vasoactive effects of SMase: TP-mediated vasoconstriction and NO-mediated vasorelaxation. Surprisingly, in spite of the general endothelial dysfunction in T2DM, the endothelial NOS-mediated vasorelaxant effect of SMase was markedly enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Ruisanchez
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis University (ELKH-SE) Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, H-1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Janovicz
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis University (ELKH-SE) Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, H-1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Cecília Panta
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Levente Kiss
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Párkányi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Straky
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Korda
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Liliom
- Institute of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Tigyi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Eötvös Loránd Research Network and Semmelweis University (ELKH-SE) Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, H-1052 Budapest, Hungary
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11
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Benitez S, Puig N, Rives J, Solé A, Sánchez-Quesada JL. Can Electronegative LDL Act as a Multienzymatic Complex? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087074. [PMID: 37108253 PMCID: PMC10138509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronegative LDL (LDL(-)) is a minor form of LDL present in blood for which proportions are increased in pathologies with increased cardiovascular risk. In vitro studies have shown that LDL(-) presents pro-atherogenic properties, including a high susceptibility to aggregation, the ability to induce inflammation and apoptosis, and increased binding to arterial proteoglycans; however, it also shows some anti-atherogenic properties, which suggest a role in controlling the atherosclerotic process. One of the distinctive features of LDL(-) is that it has enzymatic activities with the ability to degrade different lipids. For example, LDL(-) transports platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), which degrades oxidized phospholipids. In addition, two other enzymatic activities are exhibited by LDL(-). The first is type C phospholipase activity, which degrades both lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPLC-like activity) and sphingomyelin (SMase-like activity). The second is ceramidase activity (CDase-like). Based on the complementarity of the products and substrates of these different activities, this review speculates on the possibility that LDL(-) may act as a sort of multienzymatic complex in which these enzymatic activities exert a concerted action. We hypothesize that LysoPLC/SMase and CDase activities could be generated by conformational changes in apoB-100 and that both activities occur in proximity to PAF-AH, making it feasible to discern a coordinated action among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Benitez
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Puig
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - José Rives
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - Arnau Solé
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Quesada
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Research Institute of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Giuliani A, Morresi C, Mazzuferi G, Bellachioma L, Ramini D, Sabbatinelli J, Olivieri F, Bacchetti T, Ferretti G. Effect of Sphingomyelinase-Treated LDLs on HUVECs. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36903354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) exert a key role in the transport of esterified cholesterol to tissues. Among the atherogenic modifications of LDLs, the oxidative modification has been mainly investigated as a major risk factor for accelerating atherogenesis. Since LDL sphingolipids are also emerging as important regulators of the atherogenic process, increasing attention is devoted to the effects of sphingomyelinase (SMase) on LDL structural and atherogenic properties. The aims of the study were to investigate the effect of SMase treatment on the physical-chemical properties of LDLs. Moreover, we evaluated cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative and inflammatory status in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with either ox-LDLs or SMase-treated LDLs (SMase-LDLs). Both treatments were associated with the accrual of the intracellular ROS and upregulation of the antioxidant Paraoxonase 2 (PON2), while only SMase-LDLs induced an increase of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), suggesting the activation of a feedback loop to restrain the detrimental effects of ROS. The increased caspase-3 activity and reduced viability observed in cells treated with SMase-LDLs and ox-LDLs suggest a pro-apoptotic effect of these modified lipoproteins on endothelial cells. Moreover, a strong proinflammatory effect of SMase-LDLs compared to ox-LDLs was confirmed by an increased activation of NF-κB and consequent increased expression of its downstream cytokines IL-8 and IL-6 in HUVECs.
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13
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Fanani ML, Ambroggio EE. Phospholipases and Membrane Curvature: What Is Happening at the Surface? Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:190. [PMID: 36837693 PMCID: PMC9965983 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this revision work, we emphasize the close relationship between the action of phospholipases and the modulation of membrane curvature and curvature stress resulting from this activity. The alteration of the tridimensional structure of membranes upon the action of phospholipases is analyzed based on studies on model lipid membranes. The transient unbalance of both compositional and physical membrane properties between the hemilayers upon phospholipase activity lead to curvature tension and the catalysis of several membrane-related processes. Several proteins' membrane-bound and soluble forms are susceptible to regulation by the curvature stress induced by phospholipase action, which has important consequences in cell signaling. Additionally, the modulation of membrane fusion by phospholipase products regulates membrane dynamics in several cellular scenarios. We commented on vesicle fusion in the Golgi-endoplasmic system, synaptic vesicle fusion to the plasma membrane, viral membrane fusion to host cell plasma membrane and gametes membrane fusion upon acrosomal reaction. Furthermore, we explored the modulation of membrane fusion by the asymmetric adsorption of amphiphilic drugs. A deep understanding of the relevance of lipid membrane structure, particularly membrane curvature and curvature stress, on different cellular events leads to the challenge of its regulation, which may become a powerful tool for pharmacological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Fanani
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Ernesto Esteban Ambroggio
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), CONICET, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
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14
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Kobayashi T. Mapping trasmembrane distribution of sphingomyelin. Emerg Top Life Sci 2023:ETLS20220086. [PMID: 36692108 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20220086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Our knowledge on the asymmetric distribution of sphingomyelin (SM) in the plasma membrane is largely based on the biochemical analysis of erythrocytes using sphingomyelinase (SMase). However, recent studies showed that the product of SMase, ceramide, disturbs transmembrane lipid distribution. This led to the development of the complimentary histochemical method, which combines electron microscopy and SM-binding proteins. This review discusses the advantages and caveats of published methods of measuring transbilayer distribution of SM. Recent finding of the proteins involved in the transbilayer movement of SM will also be summarized.
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15
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Puig N, Rives J, Estruch M, Aguilera-Simon A, Rotllan N, Camacho M, Colomé N, Canals F, Sánchez-Quesada JL, Benitez S. Presence of Ceramidase Activity in Electronegative LDL. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24. [PMID: 36613609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronegative low-density lipoprotein (LDL(-)) is a minor modified fraction of human plasma LDL with several atherogenic properties. Among them is increased bioactive lipid mediator content, such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), ceramide (Cer), and sphingosine (Sph), which are related to the presence of some phospholipolytic activities, including platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), phospholipase C (PLC), and sphingomyelinase (SMase), in LDL(-). However, these enzymes' activities do not explain the increased Sph content, which typically derives from Cer degradation. In the present study, we analyzed the putative presence of ceramidase (CDase) activity, which could explain the increased Sph content. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and lipidomic analysis showed that Cer, Sph, and NEFA spontaneously increased in LDL(-) incubated alone at 37 °C, in contrast with native LDL(+). An inhibitor of neutral CDase prevented the formation of Sph and, in turn, increased Cer content in LDL(-). In addition, LDL(-) efficiently degraded fluorescently labeled Cer (NBD-Cer) to form Sph and NEFA. These observations defend the existence of the CDase-like activity's association with LDL(-). However, neither the proteomic analysis nor the Western blot detected the presence of an enzyme with known CDase activity. Further studies are thus warranted to define the origin of the CDase-like activity detected in LDL(-).
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16
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Jeon J, Kang S, Hur JK, Rho M. Metagenomic characterization of sphingomyelinase C in the microbiome of humans and environments. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1015706. [PMID: 36467737 PMCID: PMC9710629 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1015706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial sphingomyelinases (SMases) hydrolyze sphingomyelin and play an important role in membrane dynamics and the host immune system. While the number of sequenced genomes and metagenomes is increasing, a limited number of experimentally validated SMases have been reported, and the genomic diversity of SMases needs to be elucidated extensively. This study investigated the sequence and structural characteristics of SMases in bacterial genomes and metagenomes. Using previously identified SMases, such as the β-toxin of Staphylococcus aureus, we identified 276 putative SMases and 15 metagenomic SMases by a sequence homology search. Among the predicted metagenomic SMases, six non-redundant metagenomic SMases (M-SMase1-6) were selected for further analysis. The predicted SMases were confirmed to contain highly conserved residues in the central metal-binding site; however, the edge metal-binding site showed high diversity according to the taxon. In addition, protein structure modeling of metagenomic SMases confirmed structural conservation of the central metal-binding site and variance of the edge metal-binding site. From the activity assay on M-SMase2 and M-SMase5, we found that they displayed sphingomyelinase activity compared to Bacillus cereus SMase. This study elucidates a comprehensive genomic characterization of SMases and provides insight into the sequence-structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehyun Jeon
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seunghun Kang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junho K. Hur
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mina Rho
- Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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17
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Horváth Á, Erostyák J, Szőke É. Effect of Lipid Raft Disruptors on Cell Membrane Fluidity Studied by Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213729. [PMID: 36430205 PMCID: PMC9697551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are specialized microdomains in cell membranes, rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids, and play an integrative role in several physiological and pathophysiological processes. The integrity of rafts can be disrupted via their cholesterol content-with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) or with our own carboxamido-steroid compound (C1)-or via their sphingolipid content-with sphingomyelinase (SMase) or with myriocin (Myr). We previously proved by the fluorescent spectroscopy method with LAURDAN that treatment with lipid raft disruptors led to a change in cell membrane polarity. In this study, we focused on the alteration of parameters describing membrane fluidity, such as generalized polarization (GP), characteristic time of the GP values change-Center of Gravity (τCoG)-and rotational mobility (τrot) of LAURDAN molecules. Myr caused a blue shift of the LAURDAN spectrum (higher GP value), while other agents lowered GP values (red shift). MCD decreased the CoG values, while other compounds increased it, so MCD lowered membrane stiffness. In the case of τrot, only Myr lowered the rotation of LAURDAN, while the other compounds increased the speed of τrot, which indicated a more disordered membrane structure. Overall, MCD appeared to increase the fluidity of the membranes, while treatment with the other compounds resulted in decreased fluidity and increased stiffness of the membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Horváth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Rókus Str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - János Erostyák
- János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Hoertel N, Sánchez-Rico M, Kornhuber J, Gulbins E, Reiersen AM, Lenze EJ, Fritz BA, Jalali F, Mills EJ, Cougoule C, Carpinteiro A, Mühle C, Becker KA, Boulware DR, Blanco C, Alvarado JM, Strub-Wourgaft N, Lemogne C, Limosin F. Antidepressant Use and Its Association with 28-Day Mortality in Inpatients with SARS-CoV-2: Support for the FIASMA Model against COVID-19. J Clin Med 2022; 11:5882. [PMID: 36233753 PMCID: PMC9572995 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To reduce Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related mortality and morbidity, widely available oral COVID-19 treatments are urgently needed. Certain antidepressants, such as fluvoxamine or fluoxetine, may be beneficial against COVID-19. We included 388,945 adult inpatients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at 36 AP−HP (Assistance Publique−Hôpitaux de Paris) hospitals from 2 May 2020 to 2 November 2021. We compared the prevalence of antidepressant use at admission in a 1:1 ratio matched analytic sample with and without COVID-19 (N = 82,586), and assessed its association with 28-day all-cause mortality in a 1:1 ratio matched analytic sample of COVID-19 inpatients with and without antidepressant use at admission (N = 1482). Antidepressant use was significantly less prevalent in inpatients with COVID-19 than in a matched control group of inpatients without COVID-19 (1.9% versus 4.8%; Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.38; 95%CI = 0.35−0.41, p < 0.001). Antidepressant use was significantly associated with reduced 28-day mortality among COVID-19 inpatients (12.8% versus 21.2%; OR = 0.55; 95%CI = 0.41−0.72, p < 0.001), particularly at daily doses of at least 40 mg fluoxetine equivalents. Antidepressants with high FIASMA (Functional Inhibitors of Acid Sphingomyelinase) activity seem to drive both associations. These treatments may reduce SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19-related mortality in inpatients, and may be appropriate for prophylaxis and/or COVID-19 therapy for outpatients or inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Hoertel
- Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience de Paris, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1266, F-75014 Paris, France
- AP-HP, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, Issy-les-Moulineaux, F-92130 Paris, France
| | - Marina Sánchez-Rico
- AP-HP, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, Issy-les-Moulineaux, F-92130 Paris, France
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute for Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - Angela M. Reiersen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Eric J. Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bradley A. Fritz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Farid Jalali
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saddleback Medical Group, Laguna Hills, CA 92653, USA
| | - Edward J. Mills
- Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Céline Cougoule
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Alexander Carpinteiro
- Institute for Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Institute for Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Essen, Germany
| | - David R. Boulware
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Carlos Blanco
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Jesús M. Alvarado
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioural Sciences Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Nathalie Strub-Wourgaft
- COVID-19 Response & Pandemic Preparedness, Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi), 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Lemogne
- Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience de Paris, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1266, F-75014 Paris, France
- Service de Psychiatrie de l’adulte, AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience de Paris, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1266, F-75014 Paris, France
- AP-HP, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Corentin-Celton, Issy-les-Moulineaux, F-92130 Paris, France
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19
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Shi XX, Zhang H, Quais MK, Chen M, Wang N, Zhang C, Mao C, Zhu ZR. Knockdown of sphingomyelinase (NlSMase) causes ovarian malformation of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Insect Mol Biol 2022; 31:391-402. [PMID: 35156743 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sphingomyelinases (SMases) are a group of enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of sphingomyelins into ceramides and phosphorylcholine. They have been intensively investigated for their pathophysiological roles in mammals whereas much remains unclear about their counterparts in insects. Herein we report the cloning and functional characterization of four SMase homologue genes, designated NlSMase1-4, from brown planthopper (BPH). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that NlSMase1 and NlSMase2 were clustered into acid SMase family, and NlSMase3 and NlSMase4 with neutral SMase family. NlSMase1, NlSMase3 and NlSMase4 were highly expressed in BPH females, and NlSMaes2 in the 5th instar nymph. All four NlSMases had the lowest transcription in BPH males. NlSMase1 and NlSMase4 were highly expressed in BPH ovaries, while NlSMase2 and NlSMase3 in midgut and wings, respectively. Knocking-down of each NlSMase individual by RNA interference (RNAi) caused the ovarian malformation in BPH. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that NlSMase4 knockdown could strongly affect diacylglycerol (DAG)-related metabolisms and their downstream pathways. Further, qRT-PCR analysis of vitellogenin (Vg) genes indicates that the DAG metabolism disorder could interrupt the essential Vg accumulation for BPH oogenesis. Our study demonstrates the vital role of NlSMases in BPH reproductive development and provides new insights into the mediated mechanism of how SMases function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute for Intelligent Bio/Chem Manufacturing (iBCM), ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejian, China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Md Khairul Quais
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Senior Scientific Officer, Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cungui Mao
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan, China
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20
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Cataldi S, Ceccarini MR, Patria F, Beccari T, Mandarano M, Ferri I, Lazzarini A, Curcio F, Albi E. The Effect of Vitamin D3 and Silver Nanoparticles on HaCaT Cell Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1410. [PMID: 35163332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3, known to regulate bone homeostasis, has recently been shown to have many pleiotropic effects in different tissues and organs due to the presence of its receptor in a wide range of cells. Our previous study demonstrated that vitamin D3 was able to increase the wound healing respect to the control sample, 24 h after cutting, without however leading to a complete repair. The aim of the study was to combine vitamin D3 with silver nanoparticles to possibly enable a faster reparative effect. The results showed that this association was capable of inducing a complete wound healing only after 18 h. Moreover, a treatment of vitamin D3 + silver nanoparticles yielded a small percentage of keratinocytes vimentin-positive, suggesting the possibility that the treatment was responsible for epithelial to mesenchymal transition of the cells, facilitating wound healing repair. Since vitamin D3 acts via sphingolipid metabolism, we studied the expression of gene encoding for the metabolic enzymes and protein level. We found an increase in neutral sphingomyelinase without involvement of neutral ceramidase or sphingosine kinase2. In support, an increase in ceramide level was identified by Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry, suggesting a possible involvement of ceramides in wound healing process.
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21
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Abusukhun M, Winkler MS, Pöhlmann S, Moerer O, Meissner K, Tampe B, Hofmann-Winkler H, Bauer M, Gräler MH, Claus RA. Activation of Sphingomyelinase-Ceramide-Pathway in COVID-19 Purposes Its Inhibition for Therapeutic Strategies. Front Immunol 2022; 12:784989. [PMID: 34987511 PMCID: PMC8721106 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.784989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective treatment strategies for severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remain scarce. Hydrolysis of membrane-embedded, inert sphingomyelin by stress responsive sphingomyelinases is a hallmark of adaptive responses and cellular repair. As demonstrated in experimental and observational clinical studies, the transient and stress-triggered release of a sphingomyelinase, SMPD1, into circulation and subsequent ceramide generation provides a promising target for FDA-approved drugs. Here, we report the activation of sphingomyelinase-ceramide pathway in 23 intensive care patients with severe COVID-19. We observed an increase of circulating activity of sphingomyelinase with subsequent derangement of sphingolipids in serum lipoproteins and from red blood cells (RBC). Consistent with increased ceramide levels derived from the inert membrane constituent sphingomyelin, increased activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) accurately distinguished the patient cohort undergoing intensive care from healthy controls. Positive correlational analyses with biomarkers of severe clinical phenotype support the concept of an essential pathophysiological role of ASM in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as of a promising role for functional inhibition with anti-inflammatory agents in SARS-CoV-2 infection as also proposed in independent observational studies. We conclude that large-sized multicenter, interventional trials are now needed to evaluate the potential benefit of functional inhibition of this sphingomyelinase in critically ill patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Abusukhun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin S Winkler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Pöhlmann
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Onnen Moerer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Konrad Meissner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Björn Tampe
- Department of Nephrology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heike Hofmann-Winkler
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf A Claus
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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22
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Qadir H, Baig MM, Adil A, Aisha M, Raees I. Niemann-Pick Disease on Bone Marrow Trephine: A Rare Manifestation. Cureus 2021; 13:e19246. [PMID: 34877220 PMCID: PMC8642814 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease has an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and occurs due to a deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme, sphingomyelinase. It causes variable clinical signs and symptoms such as hepatosplenomegaly, delayed milestones, and peripheral cytopenia due to bone marrow involvement. Here, we report a case of a child who presented with hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia, who was later found to have Niemann-Pick disease on bone marrow examination. This case highlights the case presentations of this rare disease and the importance of bone marrow trephine in prompt diagnosis and management of a patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Qadir
- Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mahad M Baig
- Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Anas Adil
- Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Maria Aisha
- Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Izzan Raees
- Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
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23
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Pinto C, Sousa D, Ghilas V, Dardis A, Scarpa M, Macedo MF. Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency: A Clinical and Immunological Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12870. [PMID: 34884674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) enzyme, leading to the accumulation of varying degrees of sphingomyelin. Lipid storage leads to foam cell infiltration in tissues, and clinical features including hepatosplenomegaly, pulmonary insufficiency and in some cases central nervous system involvement. ASM enzyme replacement therapy is currently in clinical trial being the first treatment addressing the underlying pathology of the disease. Therefore, presently, it is critical to better comprehend ASMD to improve its diagnose and monitoring. Lung disease, including recurrent pulmonary infections, are common in ASMD patients. Along with lung disease, several immune system alterations have been described both in patients and in ASMD animal models, thus highlighting the role of ASM enzyme in the immune system. In this review, we summarized the pivotal roles of ASM in several immune system cells namely on macrophages, Natural Killer (NK) cells, NKT cells, B cells and T cells. In addition, an overview of diagnose, monitoring and treatment of ASMD is provided highlighting the new enzyme replacement therapy available.
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24
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Shi J, Hyman AJ, De Vecchis D, Chong J, Lichtenstein L, Futers TS, Rouahi M, Salvayre AN, Auge N, Kalli AC, Beech DJ. Sphingomyelinase Disables Inactivation in Endogenous PIEZO1 Channels. Cell Rep 2021; 33:108225. [PMID: 33027663 PMCID: PMC7539531 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous PIEZO1 channels of native endothelium lack the hallmark inactivation often seen when these channels are overexpressed in cell lines. Because prior work showed that the force of shear stress activates sphingomyelinase in endothelium, we considered if sphingomyelinase is relevant to endogenous PIEZO1. Patch clamping was used to quantify PIEZO1-mediated signals in freshly isolated murine endothelium exposed to the mechanical forces caused by shear stress and membrane stretch. Neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitors and genetic disruption of sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (SMPD3) cause PIEZO1 to switch to profoundly inactivating behavior. Ceramide (a key product of SMPD3) rescues non-inactivating channel behavior. Its co-product, phosphoryl choline, has no effect. In contrast to ceramide, sphingomyelin (the SMPD3 substrate) does not affect inactivation but alters channel force sensitivity. The data suggest that sphingomyelinase activity, ceramide, and sphingomyelin are determinants of native PIEZO gating that enable sustained activity. SMPD3 sphingomyelinase enables long-lasting PIEZO1 activity in response to force Ceramide, a key lipid product of SMPD3, promotes long-lasting activity Sphingomyelin, the SMPD3 substrate, does not affect the duration of activity Sphingomyelin alters PIEZO1 force sensitivity
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shi
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Adam J Hyman
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Dario De Vecchis
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jiehan Chong
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Laeticia Lichtenstein
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - T Simon Futers
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Myriam Rouahi
- INSERM U-1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, 31432 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nathalie Auge
- INSERM U-1048 and Université Paul Sabatier, 31432 Cedex 4 Toulouse, France
| | - Antreas C Kalli
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - David J Beech
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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25
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Abstract
Milk polar lipids provide choline, ethanolamine, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are needed for the growth and plasticity of the tissues in a suckling child. They may also inhibit cholesterol absorption by interacting with cholesterol during micelle formation. They may also have beneficial luminal, mucosal, and metabolic effects in both the neonate and the adult. The milk fat globule membrane contains large proportions of sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and some phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and glycosphingolipids. Large-scale technical procedures are available for the enrichment of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) in milk replacement formulations and food additives. Pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and mucosal phospholipase B digest glycero-phospholipids in the adult. In the neonate, where these enzymes may be poorly expressed, pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 probably has a more important role. Mucosal alkaline SM-ase and ceramidase catalyze the digestion of SM in both the neonate and the adult. In the mucosa, the sphingosine is converted into sphingosine-1-phosphate, which is both an intermediate in the conversion to palmitic acid and a signaling molecule. This reaction sequence also generates ethanolamine. Here, we summarize the pathways by which digestion and absorption may be linked to the biological effects of milk polar lipids. In addition to the inhibition of cholesterol absorption and the generation of lipid signals in the gut, the utilization of absorbed choline and ethanolamine for mucosal and hepatic phospholipid synthesis and the acylation of absorbed lyso-PC with polyunsaturated fatty acids to chylomicron and mucosal phospholipids are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åke Nilsson
- Division of Medicine, Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rui-Dong Duan
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lena Ohlsson
- Division of Medicine, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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26
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Cottrill KA, Giacalone VD, Margaroli C, Bridges RJ, Koval M, Tirouvanziam R, McCarty NA. Mechanistic analysis and significance of sphingomyelinase-mediated decreases in transepithelial CFTR currents in nHBEs. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15023. [PMID: 34514718 PMCID: PMC8436056 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) causes cystic fibrosis (CF). In the lungs, this manifests as immune cell infiltration and bacterial infections, leading to tissue destruction. Previous work has determined that acute bacterial sphingomyelinase (SMase) decreases CFTR function in bronchial epithelial cells from individuals without CF (nHBEs) and with CF (cfHBEs, homozygous ΔF508-CFTR mutation). This study focuses on exploring the mechanisms underlying this effect. SMase increased the abundance of dihydroceramides, a result mimicked by blockade of ceramidase enzyme using ceranib-1, which also decreased CFTR function. The SMase-mediated inhibitory mechanism did not involve the reduction of cellular CFTR abundance or removal of CFTR from the apical surface, nor did it involve the activation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. In order to determine the pathological relevance of these sphingolipid imbalances, we evaluated the sphingolipid profiles of cfHBEs and cfHNEs (nasal) as compared to non-CF controls. Sphingomyelins, ceramides, and dihydroceramides were largely increased in CF cells. Correction of ΔF508-CFTR trafficking with VX445 + VX661 decreased some sphingomyelins and all ceramides, but exacerbated increases in dihydroceramides. Additional treatment with the CFTR potentiator VX770 did not affect these changes, suggesting rescue of misfolded CFTR was sufficient. We furthermore determined that cfHBEs express more acid-SMase protein than nHBEs. Lastly, we determined that airway-like neutrophils, which are increased in the CF lung, secrete acid-SMase. Identifying the mechanism of SMase-mediated inhibition of CFTR will be important, given the imbalance of sphingolipids in CF cells and the secretion of acid-SMase from cell types relevant to CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten A. Cottrill
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology PhD ProgramEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Vincent D. Giacalone
- Immunology and Molecular Pathogenesis PhD ProgramEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Camilla Margaroli
- Department of MedicineDivision of PulmonaryAllergy & Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Program in Protease/Matrix BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Robert J. Bridges
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsCenter for Genetic DiseasesChicago Medical SchoolNorth ChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Michael Koval
- Department of MedicineDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine and Department of Cell BiologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Rabindra Tirouvanziam
- Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaCenter for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease ResearchEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Nael A. McCarty
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology PhD ProgramEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaCenter for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease ResearchEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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27
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Schneider-Schaulies S, Schumacher F, Wigger D, Schöl M, Waghmare T, Schlegel J, Seibel J, Kleuser B. Sphingolipids: Effectors and Achilles Heals in Viral Infections? Cells 2021; 10:cells10092175. [PMID: 34571822 PMCID: PMC8466362 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As viruses are obligatory intracellular parasites, any step during their life cycle strictly depends on successful interaction with their particular host cells. In particular, their interaction with cellular membranes is of crucial importance for most steps in the viral replication cycle. Such interactions are initiated by uptake of viral particles and subsequent trafficking to intracellular compartments to access their replication compartments which provide a spatially confined environment concentrating viral and cellular components, and subsequently, employ cellular membranes for assembly and exit of viral progeny. The ability of viruses to actively modulate lipid composition such as sphingolipids (SLs) is essential for successful completion of the viral life cycle. In addition to their structural and biophysical properties of cellular membranes, some sphingolipid (SL) species are bioactive and as such, take part in cellular signaling processes involved in regulating viral replication. It is especially due to the progress made in tools to study accumulation and dynamics of SLs, which visualize their compartmentalization and identify interaction partners at a cellular level, as well as the availability of genetic knockout systems, that the role of particular SL species in the viral replication process can be analyzed and, most importantly, be explored as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Schneider-Schaulies
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.-S.); (M.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (D.W.)
| | - Dominik Wigger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (D.W.)
| | - Marie Schöl
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.-S.); (M.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Trushnal Waghmare
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wuerzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (S.S.-S.); (M.S.); (T.W.)
| | - Jan Schlegel
- Department for Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Department for Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (D.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-8386-9823
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28
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Cottrill KA, Peterson RJ, Lewallen CF, Koval M, Bridges RJ, McCarty NA. Sphingomyelinase decreases transepithelial anion secretion in airway epithelial cells in part by inhibiting CFTR-mediated apical conductance. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14928. [PMID: 34382377 PMCID: PMC8358481 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an anion channel whose dysfunction causes cystic fibrosis (CF). The loss of CFTR function in pulmonary epithelial cells causes surface dehydration, mucus build-up, inflammation, and bacterial infections that lead to lung failure. Little has been done to evaluate the effects of lipid perturbation on CFTR activity, despite CFTR residing in the plasma membrane. This work focuses on the acute effects of sphingomyelinase (SMase), a bacterial virulence factor secreted by CF relevant airway bacteria which degrades sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphocholine, on the electrical circuitry of pulmonary epithelial monolayers. We report that basolateral SMase decreases CFTR-mediated transepithelial anion secretion in both primary bronchial and tracheal epithelial cells from explant tissue, with current CFTR modulators unable to rescue this effect. Focusing on primary cells, we took a holistic ion homeostasis approach to determine a cause for reduced anion secretion following SMase treatment. Using impedance analysis, we determined that basolateral SMase inhibits apical and basolateral conductance in non-CF primary cells without affecting paracellular permeability. In CF primary airway cells, correction with clinically relevant CFTR modulators did not prevent SMase-mediated inhibition of CFTR currents. Furthermore, SMase was found to inhibit only apical conductance in these cells. Future work should determine the mechanism for SMase-mediated inhibition of CFTR currents, and further explore the clinical relevance of SMase and sphingolipid imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten A. Cottrill
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology PhD ProgramEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Raven J. Peterson
- Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology PhD ProgramEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Colby F. Lewallen
- Georgia Institute of TechnologyG.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical EngineeringAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Robert J. Bridges
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsCenter for Genetic DiseasesChicago Medical SchoolNorth Chicago, IllinoisUSA
| | - Nael A. McCarty
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology PhD ProgramEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaCenter for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease ResearchEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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29
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Poczobutt JM, Mikosz AM, Poirier C, Beatman EL, Serban KA, Gally F, Cao D, McCubbrey AL, Cornell CF, Schweitzer KS, Berdyshev EV, Bronova IA, Paris F, Petrache I. Altered Macrophage Function Associated with Crystalline Lung Inflammation in Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:629-640. [PMID: 33662226 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0229oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of ASM (acid sphingomyelinase) causes the lysosomal storage Niemann-Pick disease (NPD). Patients with NPD type B may develop progressive interstitial lung disease with frequent respiratory infections. Although several investigations using the ASM-deficient (ASMKO) mouse NPD model revealed inflammation and foamy macrophages, there is little insight into the pathogenesis of NPD-associated lung disease. Using ASMKO mice, we report that ASM deficiency is associated with a complex inflammatory phenotype characterized by marked accumulation of monocyte-derived CD11b+ macrophages and expansion of airspace/alveolar CD11c+ CD11b- macrophages, both with increased size, granularity, and foaminess. Both the alternative and classical pathways were activated, with decreased in situ phagocytosis of opsonized (Fc-coated) targets, preserved clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis), secretion of Th2 cytokines, increased CD11c+/CD11b+ cells, and more than a twofold increase in lung and plasma proinflammatory cytokines. Macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and noninflammatory lung cells of ASMKO lungs also exhibited marked accumulation of chitinase-like protein Ym1/2, which formed large eosinophilic polygonal Charcot-Leyden-like crystals. In addition to providing insight into novel features of lung inflammation that may be associated with NPD, our report provides a novel connection between ASM and the development of crystal-associated lung inflammation with alterations in macrophage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karina A Serban
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Fabienne Gally
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | | | | | | | - Kelly S Schweitzer
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | | | | | - François Paris
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, France; and.,Le Regional Center for Research in Cancerology and Immunology Nantes/Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Irina Petrache
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
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30
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Custodia A, Aramburu-Núñez M, Correa-Paz C, Posado-Fernández A, Gómez-Larrauri A, Castillo J, Gómez-Muñoz A, Sobrino T, Ouro A. Ceramide Metabolism and Parkinson's Disease-Therapeutic Targets. Biomolecules 2021; 11:945. [PMID: 34202192 PMCID: PMC8301871 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid involved in numerous cellular processes. In addition to being the precursor of complex sphingolipids, ceramides can act as second messengers, especially when they are generated at the plasma membrane of cells. Its metabolic dysfunction may lead to or be a consequence of an underlying disease. Recent reports on transcriptomics and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis have demonstrated the variation of specific levels of sphingolipids and enzymes involved in their metabolism in different neurodegenerative diseases. In the present review, we highlight the most relevant discoveries related to ceramide and neurodegeneration, with a special focus on Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antía Custodia
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesa da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.A.-N.); (C.C.-P.); (A.P.-F.); (J.C.)
| | - Marta Aramburu-Núñez
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesa da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.A.-N.); (C.C.-P.); (A.P.-F.); (J.C.)
| | - Clara Correa-Paz
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesa da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.A.-N.); (C.C.-P.); (A.P.-F.); (J.C.)
| | - Adrián Posado-Fernández
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesa da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.A.-N.); (C.C.-P.); (A.P.-F.); (J.C.)
| | - Ana Gómez-Larrauri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, 48980 Bilbao, Spain; (A.G.-L.); (A.G.-M.)
- Respiratory Department, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, 48903 Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José Castillo
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesa da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.A.-N.); (C.C.-P.); (A.P.-F.); (J.C.)
| | - Antonio Gómez-Muñoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, 48980 Bilbao, Spain; (A.G.-L.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesa da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.A.-N.); (C.C.-P.); (A.P.-F.); (J.C.)
| | - Alberto Ouro
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesa da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.); (M.A.-N.); (C.C.-P.); (A.P.-F.); (J.C.)
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31
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Dissanayake TK, Yan B, Ng ACK, Zhao H, Chan G, Yip CCY, Sze KH, To KKW. Differential role of sphingomyelin in influenza virus, rhinovirus and SARS-CoV-2 infection of Calu-3 cells. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33956593 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Host cell lipids play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of respiratory virus infection. However, a direct comparison of the lipidomic profile of influenza virus and rhinovirus infections is lacking. In this study, we first compared the lipid profile of influenza virus and rhinovirus infection in a bronchial epithelial cell line. Most lipid features were downregulated for both influenza virus and rhinovirus, especially for the sphingomyelin features. Pathway analysis showed that sphingolipid metabolism was the most perturbed pathway. Functional study showed that bacterial sphingomyelinase suppressed influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication, but promoted rhinovirus replication. These findings suggest that sphingomyelin pathway can be a potential target for antiviral therapy, but should be carefully evaluated as it has opposite effects on different respiratory viruses. Furthermore, the differential effect of sphingomyelinase on rhinovirus and influenza virus may explain the interference between rhinovirus and influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thrimendra Kaushika Dissanayake
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Bingpeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Anthony Chin-Ki Ng
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Hanjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Gabriella Chan
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Cyril Chik-Yan Yip
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Kong-Hung Sze
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
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32
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Frankowska M, Jesus FM, Mühle C, Pacheco JV, Maior RS, Sadakierska‐Chudy A, Smaga I, Piechota M, Kalinichenko LS, Gulbins E, Kornhuber J, Filip M, Müller CP, Barros M. Cocaine attenuates acid sphingomyelinase activity during establishment of addiction-related behavior-A translational study in rats and monkeys. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12955. [PMID: 32761719 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine addiction is a severe psychiatric condition for which currently no effective pharmacotherapy is available. Brain mechanisms for the establishment of addiction-related behaviors are still not fully understood, and specific biomarkers for cocaine use are not available. Sphingolipids are major membrane lipids, which shape neuronal membrane composition and dynamics in the brain. Here, we investigated how chronic cocaine exposure during establishment of addiction-related behaviors affects the activity of the sphingolipid rheostat controlling enzymes in the brain of rats. As we detected specific effects on several enzymes in the brain, we tested whether the activity of selected enzymes in the blood may serve as potential biomarker for cocaine exposure in non-human primates (Callithrix penicillata). We found that intravenous cocaine self-administration led to a reduced mRNA expression of Cers1, Degs1 and Degs2, and Smpd1 in the prefrontal cortex of rats, as well as a reduction of Cers4 expression in the striatum. These effects reversed after 10 days of abstinence. Monkeys showed a robust cocaine-induced place preference (CPP). This coincided with a reduction in blood acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity after CPP establishment. This effect normalized after 15 days of abstinence. Altogether, these findings suggest that the establishment of cocaine addiction-related behaviors coincides with changes in the activity of sphingolipid controlling enzymes. In particular, blood ASM levels may serve as a translational biomarker for recent cocaine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Frankowska
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences Maj Institute of Pharmacology Krakow Poland
| | - Fernando M. Jesus
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences University of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany
| | - Jéssica V.N. Pacheco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences University of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
| | - Rafael S. Maior
- Department of Physiological Sciences University of Brasília Brasilia Brazil
- Primate Center Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
| | - Anna Sadakierska‐Chudy
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences Maj Institute of Pharmacology Krakow Poland
| | - Irena Smaga
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences Maj Institute of Pharmacology Krakow Poland
| | - Marcin Piechota
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences Maj Institute of Pharmacology Krakow Poland
| | - Liubov S. Kalinichenko
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
- Department of Surgery University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences Maj Institute of Pharmacology Krakow Poland
| | - Christian P. Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany
| | - Marilia Barros
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences University of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
- Primate Center Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil
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33
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Heneweer C, Peñate Medina T, Tower R, Kalthoff H, Kolesnick R, Larson S, Peñate Medina O. Acid- Sphingomyelinase Triggered Fluorescently Labeled Sphingomyelin Containing Liposomes in Tumor Diagnosis after Radiation-Induced Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3864. [PMID: 33917976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In liposomal delivery, a big question is how to release the loaded material into the correct place. Here, we will test the targeting and release abilities of our sphingomyelin-consisting liposome. A change in release parameters can be observed when sphingomyelin-containing liposome is treated with sphingomyelinase enzyme. Sphingomyelinase is known to be endogenously released from the different cells in stress situations. We assume the effective enzyme treatment will weaken the liposome making it also leakier. To test the release abilities of the SM-liposome, we developed several fluorescence-based experiments. In in vitro studies, we used molecular quenching to study the sphingomyelinase enzyme-based release from the liposomes. We could show that the enzyme treatment releases loaded fluorescent markers from sphingomyelin-containing liposomes. Moreover, the release correlated with used enzymatic activities. We studied whether the stress-related enzyme expression is increased if the cells are treated with radiation as a stress inducer. It appeared that the radiation caused increased enzymatic activity. We studied our liposomes’ biodistribution in the animal tumor model when the tumor was under radiation stress. Increased targeting of the fluorescent marker loaded to our liposomes could be found on the site of cancer. The liposomal targeting in vivo could be improved by radiation. Based on our studies, we propose sphingomyelin-containing liposomes can be used as a controlled release system sensitive to cell stress.
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34
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Canals D, Salamone S, Santacreu BJ, Aguilar D, Hernandez-Corbacho MJ, Ostermeyer-Fay AG, Greene M, Nemeth E, Haley JD, Obeid LM, Hannun YA. The doxorubicin-induced cell motility network is under the control of the ceramide-activated protein phosphatase 1 alpha. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21396. [PMID: 33583073 PMCID: PMC8220868 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002427r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have recently reported that a specific pool of ceramide, located in the plasma membrane, mediated the effects of sublethal doses of the chemotherapeutic compound doxorubicin on enhancing cancer cell migration. We identified neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) as the enzyme responsible to generate this bioactive pool of ceramide. In this work, we explored the role of members of the protein phosphatases 1 family (PP1), and we identified protein phosphatase 1 alpha isoform (PP1 alpha) as the specific PP1 isoform to mediate this phenotype. Using a bioinformatics approach, we build a functional interaction network based on phosphoproteomics data on plasma membrane ceramide. This led to the identification of several ceramide-PP1 alpha downstream substrates. Studies on phospho mutants of ezrin (T567) and Scrib (S1378/S1508) demonstrated that their dephosphorylation is sufficient to enhance cell migration. In summary, we identified a mechanism where reduced doses of doxorubicin result in the dysregulation of cytoskeletal proteins and enhanced cell migration. This mechanism could explain the reported effects of doxorubicin worsening cancer metastasis in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Canals
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Silvia Salamone
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Bruno Jaime Santacreu
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Catedra de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Aguilar
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | | | | | - Meaghan Greene
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Erika Nemeth
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - John D. Haley
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, NY, USA
| | - Lina M. Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Northport VA Hospital, Northport, NY, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Yusuf A. Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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35
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Horváth Á, Payrits M, Steib A, Kántás B, Biró-Süt T, Erostyák J, Makkai G, Sághy É, Helyes Z, Szőke É. Analgesic Effects of Lipid Raft Disruption by Sphingomyelinase and Myriocin via Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 and Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Ion Channel Modulation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:593319. [PMID: 33584270 PMCID: PMC7873636 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.593319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Vanilloid 1 and Ankyrin 1 (TRPV1, TRPA1) cation channels are expressed in nociceptive primary sensory neurons, and integratively regulate nociceptor and inflammatory functions. Lipid rafts are liquid-ordered plasma membrane microdomains rich in cholesterol, sphingomyelin and gangliosides. We earlier showed that lipid raft disruption inhibits TRPV1 and TRPA1 functions in primary sensory neuronal cultures. Here we investigated the effects of sphingomyelinase (SMase) cleaving membrane sphingomyelin and myriocin (Myr) prohibiting sphingolipid synthesis in mouse pain models of different mechanisms. SMase (50 mU) or Myr (1 mM) pretreatment significantly decreased TRPV1 activation (capsaicin)-induced nocifensive eye-wiping movements by 37 and 41%, respectively. Intraplantar pretreatment by both compounds significantly diminished TRPV1 stimulation (resiniferatoxin)-evoked thermal allodynia developing mainly by peripheral sensitization. SMase (50 mU) also decreased mechanical hyperalgesia related to both peripheral and central sensitizations. SMase (50 mU) significantly reduced TRPA1 activation (formalin)-induced acute nocifensive behaviors by 64% in the second, neurogenic inflammatory phase. Myr, but not SMase altered the plasma membrane polarity related to the cholesterol composition as shown by fluorescence spectroscopy. These are the first in vivo results showing that sphingolipids play a key role in lipid raft integrity around nociceptive TRP channels, their activation and pain sensation. It is concluded that local SMase administration might open novel perspective for analgesic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Horváth
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Maja Payrits
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anita Steib
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Kántás
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tünde Biró-Süt
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - János Erostyák
- János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Géza Makkai
- János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Sághy
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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36
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Lu J, Mazidi H, Ding T, Zhang O, Lew MD. Single-Molecule 3D Orientation Imaging Reveals Nanoscale Compositional Heterogeneity in Lipid Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17572-17579. [PMID: 32648275 PMCID: PMC7794097 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In soft matter, thermal energy causes molecules to continuously translate and rotate, even in crowded environments, thereby impacting the spatial organization and function of most molecular assemblies, such as lipid membranes. Directly measuring the orientation and spatial organization of large collections (>3000 molecules μm-2 ) of single molecules with nanoscale resolution remains elusive. In this paper, we utilize SMOLM, single-molecule orientation localization microscopy, to directly measure the orientation spectra (3D orientation plus "wobble") of lipophilic probes transiently bound to lipid membranes, revealing that Nile red's (NR) orientation spectra are extremely sensitive to membrane chemical composition. SMOLM images resolve nanodomains and enzyme-induced compositional heterogeneity within membranes, where NR within liquid-ordered vs. liquid-disordered domains shows a ≈4° difference in polar angle and a ≈0.3π sr difference in wobble angle. As a new type of imaging spectroscopy, SMOLM exposes the organizational and functional dynamics of lipid-lipid, lipid-protein, and lipid-dye interactions with single-molecule, nanoscale resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lu
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Hesam Mazidi
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Tianben Ding
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Oumeng Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Matthew D Lew
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Center for Science and Engineering of Living Systems, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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37
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Chaurasia R, Sritharan M. Cytotoxicity of the 42 kDa SMase C sphingomyelinase secreted by Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona on Vero cells. Microbiology (Reading) 2020; 166:1065-1073. [PMID: 32985970 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelinases produced by the pathogenic members of the genus Leptospira are implicated in the haemorrhagic manifestations seen in the severe form of leptospirosis. With multiple sphingomyelinase genes present in the genome of pathogenic Leptospira, much remains to be understood about these molecules. They include factors regulating their expression, post-translational modifications, and release of the biologically active forms of these molecules. In this study, serovar Pomona was chosen as it is reported to express high levels of sphingomyelinase that explained the haemolytic activity seen in experimental animals infected with this pathogen. Here, we demonstrate the cytotoxicity of a 42 kDa sphingomyelinase secreted by Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona strain Pomona upon infecting Vero cells. This sphingomyelinase detected using specific anti-sphingomyelinase antibodies, exhibited haemolytic and sphingomyelinase activities that caused host-cell damage evident from the confocal images and scanning electron micrographs. The implications of these findings and the detection of a 42 kDa sphingomyelinase in the urine of human patients with leptospirosis in our earlier study is discussed with an emphasis on the potential of these sphingomyelinases as candidate markers for the early diagnosis of leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetika Chaurasia
- Present address: Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manjula Sritharan
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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38
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Hawkins CC, Ali T, Ramanadham S, Hjelmeland AB. Sphingolipid Metabolism in Glioblastoma and Metastatic Brain Tumors: A Review of Sphingomyelinases and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1357. [PMID: 32977496 PMCID: PMC7598277 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary malignant brain tumor with a dismal prognosis, partially due to our inability to completely remove and kill all GBM cells. Rapid tumor recurrence contributes to a median survival of only 15 months with the current standard of care which includes maximal surgical resection, radiation, and temozolomide (TMZ), a blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant chemotherapy. Radiation and TMZ cause sphingomyelinases (SMase) to hydrolyze sphingomyelins to generate ceramides, which induce apoptosis. However, cells can evade apoptosis by converting ceramides to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P has been implicated in a wide range of cancers including GBM. Upregulation of S1P has been linked to the proliferation and invasion of GBM and other cancers that display a propensity for brain metastasis. To mediate their biological effects, SMases and S1P modulate signaling via phospholipase C (PLC) and phospholipase D (PLD). In addition, both SMase and S1P may alter the integrity of the BBB leading to infiltration of tumor-promoting immune populations. SMase activity has been associated with tumor evasion of the immune system, while S1P creates a gradient for trafficking of innate and adaptive immune cells. This review will explore the role of sphingolipid metabolism and pharmacological interventions in GBM and metastatic brain tumors with a focus on SMase and S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyntanna C. Hawkins
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Birmingham at Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (C.C.H.); (S.R.)
| | - Tomader Ali
- Research Department, Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 48338, UAE;
| | - Sasanka Ramanadham
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Birmingham at Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (C.C.H.); (S.R.)
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Birmingham at Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Birmingham at Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (C.C.H.); (S.R.)
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Regmi P, Khanal S, Neelakanta G, Sultana H. Tick-Borne Flavivirus Inhibits Sphingomyelinase ( IsSMase), a Venomous Spider Ortholog to Increase Sphingomyelin Lipid Levels for Its Survival in Ixodes scapularis Ticks. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:244. [PMID: 32656091 PMCID: PMC7325911 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that cells from medically important arthropods, such as ticks, secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes that mediate transmission of flavivirus RNA and proteins to the human cells. Understanding the molecular determinants and mechanism(s) of arthropod-borne flavivirus transmission via exosome biogenesis is very important. In this current study, we showed that in the presence of tick-borne Langat Virus (LGTV; a member of tick-borne encephalitis virus complex), the expression of arthropod IsSMase, a sphingomyelinase D (SMase D) that catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of substrates like sphingomyelin (SM) lipids, was significantly reduced in both Ixodes scapularis ticks (in vivo) and in tick cells (in vitro). The IsSMase reduced levels correlated with down-regulation of its activity upon LGTV replication in tick cells. Our data show that LGTV-mediated suppression of IsSMase allowed accumulation of SM lipid levels that supported membrane-associated viral replication and exosome biogenesis. Inhibition of viral loads and SM lipid built up upon GW4869 inhibitor treatment reversed the IsSMase levels and restored its activity. Our results suggest an important role for this spider venomous ortholog IsSMase in regulating viral replication associated with membrane-bound SM lipids in ticks. In summary, our study not only suggests a novel role for arthropod IsSMase in tick-LGTV interactions but also provides new insights into its important function in vector defense mechanism(s) against tick-borne virus infection and in anti-viral pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Regmi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Supreet Khanal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Girish Neelakanta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Hameeda Sultana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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40
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Zoicas I, Mühle C, Schmidtner AK, Gulbins E, Neumann ID, Kornhuber J. Anxiety and Depression Are Related to Higher Activity of Sphingolipid Metabolizing Enzymes in the Rat Brain. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051239. [PMID: 32429522 PMCID: PMC7290887 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in sphingolipid metabolism have been suggested to contribute to the pathophysiology of major depression. In this study, we investigated the activity of acid and neutral sphingomyelinases (ASM, NSM) and ceramidases (AC, NC), respectively, in twelve brain regions of female rats selectively bred for high (HAB) versus low (LAB) anxiety-like behavior. Concomitant with their highly anxious and depressive-like phenotype, HAB rats showed increased activity of ASM and NSM as well as of AC and NC in multiple brain regions associated with anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, including the lateral septum, hypothalamus, ventral hippocampus, ventral and dorsal mesencephalon. Strong correlations between anxiety-like behavior and ASM activity were found in female HAB rats in the amygdala, ventral hippocampus and dorsal mesencephalon, whereas NSM activity correlated with anxiety levels in the dorsal mesencephalon. These results provide novel information about the sphingolipid metabolism, especially about the sphingomyelinases and ceramidases, in major depression and comorbid anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Zoicas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.M.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-46005; Fax: +49-9131-85-36381
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna K. Schmidtner
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (I.D.N.)
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Inga D. Neumann
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (I.D.N.)
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.M.); (J.K.)
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41
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Canals D, Salamone S, Santacreu BJ, Nemeth E, Aguilar D, Hernandez-Corbacho MJ, Adada M, Staquicini DI, Arap W, Pasqualini R, Haley J, Obeid LM, Hannun YA. Ceramide launches an acute anti-adhesion pro-migration cell signaling program in response to chemotherapy. FASEB J 2020; 34:7610-7630. [PMID: 32307766 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000205r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy has been reported to upregulate sphingomylinases and increase cellular ceramide, often linked to the induction to cell death. In this work, we show that sublethal doses of doxorubicin and vorinostat still increased cellular ceramide, which was located predominantly at the plasma membrane. To interrogate possible functions of this specific pool of ceramide, we used recombinant enzymes to mimic physiological levels of ceramide at the plasma membrane upon chemotherapy treatment. Using mass spectrometry and network analysis, followed by experimental confirmation, the results revealed that this pool of ceramide acutely regulates cell adhesion and cell migration pathways with weak connections to commonly established ceramide functions (eg, cell death). Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) was identified as responsible for the generation of plasma membrane ceramide upon chemotherapy treatment, and both ceramide at the plasma membrane and nSMase2 were necessary and sufficient to mediate these "side" effects of chemotherapy on cell adhesion and migration. This is the first time a specific pool of ceramide is interrogated for acute signaling functions, and the results define plasma membrane ceramide as an acute signaling effector necessary and sufficient for regulation of cell adhesion and cell migration under chemotherapeutical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Canals
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Silvia Salamone
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Bruno Jaime Santacreu
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Erika Nemeth
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Aguilar
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mohamad Adada
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniela I Staquicini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.,Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Wadih Arap
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.,Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - John Haley
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Northport VA Hospital, Northport, NY, USA; deceased.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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42
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Kaveemongkonrat S, Duangsonk K, Houbraken J, Suwannaphong P, Vanittanakom N, Mekaprateep M. Partial characteristics of hemolytic factors secreted from airborne Aspergillus and Penicillium, and an enhancement of hemolysis by Aspergillus micronesiensis CAMP-like factor via Staphylococcus aureus- sphingomyelinase. J Microbiol 2019; 57:1086-94. [PMID: 31680218 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-9133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the advantages for initial survival of inhaled fungal spores in the respiratory tract is the ability for iron acquisition via hemolytic factor-production. To examine the ability of indoor Aspergillus and Penicillium affecting hemolysis, the secreted factors during the growth of thirteen strains from eight species were characterized in vitro for their hemolytic activity (HA) and CAMP-like reaction. The hemolytic index of HA on human blood agar of Aspergillus micronesiensis, Aspergillus wentii, Aspergillus westerdijkiae, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium copticola, Penicillium paxilli, Penicillium steckii, and Penicillium sumatrense were 1.72 ± 0.34, 1.61 ± 0.41, 1.69 ± 0.16, 1.58 ± 0.46, 3.10 ± 0.51, 1.22 ± 0.19, 2.55 ± 0.22, and 1.90 ± 0.14, respectively. The secreted factors of an Aspergillus wentii showed high HA when grown in undernourished broth at 25°C at an exponential phase and were heat sensitive. Its secreted proteins have an estimated relative molecular weight over 50 kDa. Whereas, the factors of Penicillium steckii were secreted in a similar condition at a late exponential phase but showed low HA and heat tolerance. In a CAMP-like test with sheep blood, the synergistic hemolytic reactions between most tested mold strains and Staphylococcus aureus were identified. Moreover, the enhancement of α-hemolysis of Staphylococcus aureus could occur through the interaction of Staphylococcus aureus-sphingomyelinase and CAMP-like factors secreted from Aspergillus micronesiensis. Further studies on the characterization of purified hemolytic- and CAMP-like-factors secreted from Aspergillus wentii and Aspergillus micronesiensis may lead to more understanding of their involvement of hemolysis and cytolysis for fungal survival prior to pathogenesis.
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Petrov AM, Shalagina MN, Protopopov VA, Sergeev VG, Ovechkin SV, Ovchinina NG, Sekunov AV, Zefirov AL, Zakirjanova GF, Bryndina IG. Changes in Membrane Ceramide Pools in Rat Soleus Muscle in Response to Short-Term Disuse. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4860. [PMID: 31574943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid raft disruption is an early event during skeletal muscle unloading. Ceramide (Cer) serves as a signaling lipid that can contribute to lipid raft disturbance and muscle atrophy. Using biochemical and fluorescent approaches, the distribution of Cer and related molecules in the rat soleus muscle subjected to 12 h of hindlimb suspension (HS) was studied. HS led to upregulation of TNFα receptor 1 (TNFR1), Cer-producing enzymes, and acid and neutral sphingomyelinase (SMase) in detergent-resistant membranes (lipid rafts), which was accompanied by an increase in Cer and a decrease in sphingomyelin in this membrane fraction. Fluorescent labeling indicated increased Cer in the sarcoplasm as well as the junctional (synaptic) and extrajunctional compartments of the suspended muscles. Also, a loss of membrane asymmetry (a hallmark of membrane disturbance) was induced by HS. Pretreatment with clomipramine, a functional inhibitor of acid SMase, counteracted HS-mediated changes in the Cer/sphingomyelin ratio and acid SMase abundance as well as suppressed Cer accumulation in the intracellular membranes of junctional and extrajunctional regions. However, the elevation of plasma membrane Cer and disturbance of the membrane asymmetry were suppressed only in the junctional compartment. We suggest that acute HS leads to TNFR1 and SMase upregulation in the lipid raft fraction and deposition of Cer throughout the sarcolemma and intracellularly. Clomipramine-mediated downregulation of acid SMase can suppress Cer accumulation in all compartments, excluding the extrajunctional plasma membrane.
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44
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Albi E, Cataldi S, Ceccarini MR, Conte C, Ferri I, Fettucciari K, Patria FF, Beccari T, Codini M. Gentamicin Targets Acid Sphingomyelinase in Cancer: The Case of the Human Gastric Cancer NCI-N87 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184375. [PMID: 31489901 PMCID: PMC6770866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging literature implicates acid sphingomyelinase in tumor sensitivity/resistance to anticancer treatments. Gentamicin is a drug commonly used as an antimicrobial but its serendipity effects have been shown. Even though many evidences on the role of gentamicin in cancer have been reported, its mechanism of action is poorly understood. Here, we explored acid sphingomyelinase as a possible new target of gentamicin in cancer. Since gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and represents the second cause of death in the world, we performed the study in NCI-N87 gastric cancer cell line. The effect of the drug resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation, including a reduction of cell number and viability, in the decrease of MIB-1 proliferative index as well as in the upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A and 1B (CDKN1A and CDKN1B), and growth arrest and DNA-damage 45A (GADD45A) genes. The cytotoxicity was apoptotic as shown by FACS analysis. Additionally, gentamicin reduced HER2 protein, indicating a minor tumor aggressiveness. To further define the involvement of sphingomyelin metabolism in the response to the drug, gene and protein expression of acid and neutral sphingomeylinase was analyzed in comparison with phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and vitamin D receptor (VDR), molecules involved in cancer. Gentamicin induced a downregulation of PTEN, VDR, and neutral sphingomyelinase and a strong upregulation of acid sphingomyelinase. Of note, we identified the same upregulation of acid sphingomyelinase upon gentamicin treatment in other cancer cells and not in normal cells. These findings provide new insights into acid sphingomyelinase as therapeutic target, reinforcing studies on the potential role of gentamicin in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | | | - Carmela Conte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ivana Ferri
- Institute of Pathologic Anatomy and Histology, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Katia Fettucciari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy.
| | | | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
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45
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Fadhel MN, Hysi E, Strohm EM, Kolios MC. Optical and photoacoustic radiofrequency spectroscopic analysis for detecting red blood cell death. J Biophotonics 2019; 12:e201800431. [PMID: 31050867 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Under stress, red blood cells (RBCs) undergo programmed cell death (eryptosis). One of the signaling molecules for eryptosis, sphingomyelinase (SMase), plays an important role in monitoring the efficacy of vascular targeted cancer therapy. The high optical absorption of erythrocytes coupled with the changes of eryptotic RBCs makes RBCs ideal targets for the photoacoustic (PA) detection and characterization of vascular treatments. In this work, experiments characterizing eryptosis were performed: PA detection of high frequencies (>100 MHz) that enabled analysis at the single-cell level and of low frequencies (21 MHz) that enabled analysis at the RBC ensemble level. Ultrasound spectral analysis was performed on control and SMase-treated RBCs. Spectral unmixing was applied to quantify methemoglobin production as a by-product of RBC death. Validation was performed using a blood gas analyzer and optical spectrometry. Our results indicate that PA radiofrequency spectra could be used to differentiate the biochemically induced morphological changes as RBCs lose their native biconcave shape, and release hemoglobin into the surroundings. Spectral unmixing revealed a 7% increase in methemoglobin content for SMase-treated samples due to the oxidative stress on the RBCs. These findings suggest that PA spectral analysis of RBC death can potentially serve as a biomarker of the efficacy of vascular targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhannad N Fadhel
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eno Hysi
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric M Strohm
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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46
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Avota E, de Lira MN, Schneider-Schaulies S. Sphingomyelin Breakdown in T Cells: Role of Membrane Compartmentalization in T Cell Signaling and Interference by a Pathogen. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:152. [PMID: 31457008 PMCID: PMC6700246 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are major components of cellular membranes, and at steady-state level, their metabolic fluxes are tightly controlled. On challenge by external signals, they undergo rapid turnover, which substantially affects the biophysical properties of membrane lipid and protein compartments and, consequently, signaling and morphodynamics. In T cells, external cues translate into formation of membrane microdomains where proximal signaling platforms essential for metabolic reprograming and cytoskeletal reorganization are organized. This review will focus on sphingomyelinases, which mediate sphingomyelin breakdown and ensuing ceramide release that have been implicated in T-cell viability and function. Acting at the sphingomyelin pool at the extrafacial or cytosolic leaflet of cellular membranes, acid and neutral sphingomyelinases organize ceramide-enriched membrane microdomains that regulate T-cell homeostatic activity and, upon stimulation, compartmentalize receptors, membrane proximal signaling complexes, and cytoskeletal dynamics as essential for initiating T-cell motility and interaction with endothelia and antigen-presenting cells. Prominent examples to be discussed in this review include death receptor family members, integrins, CD3, and CD28 and their associated signalosomes. Progress made with regard to experimental tools has greatly aided our understanding of the role of bioactive sphingolipids in T-cell biology at a molecular level and of targets explored by a model pathogen (measles virus) to specifically interfere with their physiological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elita Avota
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maria Nathalia de Lira
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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47
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Sarrafpour S, Ormseth C, Chiang A, Arakaki X, Harrington M, Fonteh A. Lipid Metabolism in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Differs from Patients Presenting with Other Dementia Phenotypes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16111995. [PMID: 31195602 PMCID: PMC6603882 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ42) and Tau and cognitive decline are typical characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since dysregulation in lipid metabolism accompanies abnormal amyloid formation, we quantified glycerophospholipids (GP) and sphingolipids (SP) in CSF fractions from participants with late-onset AD (LOAD, n = 29) or with Other Dementia (OD, n = 10) to determine if alterations in lipid metabolism account for pathological differences. Aβ42 and total Tau levels were determined using a sandwich ELISA. Liposomal-based fluorescent assays were used to measure phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and acid or neutral sphingomyelinase (aSMase, nSMase) activities. Supernatant fluid (SF) and nanoparticle (NP) lipids were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Although CSF Aβ42 and Tau levels are similar, phosphatidylserine (PS) in SF and ceramide (CM) levels in NP are significantly higher in OD compared with LOAD. The aSMase but not the nSMase activity is higher in OD. PLA2 activity in CSF from OD subjects positively correlates with several GP classes in SF and NP fractions but not in LOAD fractions. Our data indicate differences in CSF lipid metabolism between dementia variants. Higher levels of inflammatory and apoptotic lipids may induce faster neuronal death, resulting in the earlier cognitive decline in patients with OD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syena Sarrafpour
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
| | - Cora Ormseth
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Abby Chiang
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | | | | | - Alfred Fonteh
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
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48
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Shanbhogue P, Hoffmann RM, Airola MV, Maini R, Hamelin DJ, Garcia-Diaz M, Burke JE, Hannun YA. The juxtamembrane linker in neutral sphingomyelinase-2 functions as an intramolecular allosteric switch that activates the enzyme. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7488-7502. [PMID: 30890560 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) produces the bioactive lipid ceramide and has important roles in neurodegeneration, cancer, and exosome formation. Although nSMase2 has low basal activity, it is fully activated by phosphatidylserine (PS). Previous work showed that interdomain interactions within nSMase2 are needed for PS activation. Here, we use multiple approaches, including small angle X-ray scattering, hydrogen-deuterium exchange-MS, circular dichroism and thermal shift assays, and membrane yeast two-hybrid assays, to define the mechanism mediating this interdomain interactions within nSMase2. In contrast to what we previously assumed, we demonstrate that PS binding at the N-terminal and juxtamembrane regions of nSMase2 rather acts as a conformational switch leading to interdomain interactions that are critical to enzyme activation. Our work assigns a unique function for a class of linkers of lipid-activated, membrane-associated proteins. It indicates that the linker actively participates in the activation mechanism via intramolecular interactions, unlike the canonical linkers that typically aid protein dimerization or localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajna Shanbhogue
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology.,the Stony Brook University Cancer Center, Stony Brook, New York 11794, and
| | - Reece M Hoffmann
- the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8N 1A1, Canada
| | | | - Rohan Maini
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology
| | - David J Hamelin
- the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8N 1A1, Canada
| | - Miguel Garcia-Diaz
- Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - John E Burke
- the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8N 1A1, Canada
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, .,the Stony Brook University Cancer Center, Stony Brook, New York 11794, and.,Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794.,Medicine, and
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Matsunaga J, Haake DA. cis-Acting Determinant Limiting Expression of Sphingomyelinase Gene sph2 in Leptospira interrogans, Identified with a gfp Reporter Plasmid. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:e02068-18. [PMID: 30266732 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02068-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many strains of the spirochete Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona express the osmotically inducible sphingomyelinase gene sph2 at much higher levels than strains from other serovars. We developed a new green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter plasmid to examine sph2 gene expression determinants. The vector enables the fusion of the test promoter to the ribosome-binding site and coding region of gfp We fused the sph2 promoters from the L. interrogans serovar Lai strain 56601 and from the L. interrogans serovar Pomona strain LC82-25 to gfp to examine the molecular determinants of differential sph2 expression between the two strains. Similar to what was observed with the native sph2 genes, the introduction of the plasmids into the Lai 56601 strain resulted in near background levels of gfp expression from the Lai sph2 promoter, while the expression from the Pomona sph2 promoter was high. The expression of both fusions increased at physiologic levels of osmolarity achieved by adding sodium chloride to the culture medium. We examined the role of a 17-bp upstream element found in all L. interrogans strains expressing low basal levels of sph2 and missing from Pomona strains that express sph2 at high levels. When the 17-bp sequence present upstream of the Lai sph2 promoter was deleted or scrambled, the fusion expression increased substantially. Conversely, the insertion of the 17-bp sequence upstream of the Pomona sph2 promoter diminished fusion expression. In contrast, the removal of an insertion sequence-like element that is found only in the Pomona sph2 upstream sequence had no effect on the expression from the Pomona sph2 fusion in the Lai strain. These findings demonstrate the utility of the gfp reporter plasmid in analyzing gene expression in L. interrogans IMPORTANCE Genetic tools are needed to examine gene expression in the pathogen Leptospira interrogans We developed a reporter plasmid that replicates in L. interrogans with green fluorescent protein (GFP) as the readout of promoter activity. We demonstrated an application of the new reporter plasmid by identifying an upstream element responsible for the poor basal expression of the sph2 sphingomyelinase gene in an L. interrogans serovar Lai strain. This new tool is useful for the discovery of the molecular determinants of L. interrogans gene expression.
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Pollet H, Conrard L, Cloos AS, Tyteca D. Plasma Membrane Lipid Domains as Platforms for Vesicle Biogenesis and Shedding? Biomolecules 2018; 8:E94. [PMID: 30223513 PMCID: PMC6164003 DOI: 10.3390/biom8030094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to several pathophysiological processes and appear as emerging targets for disease diagnosis and therapy. However, successful translation from bench to bedside requires deeper understanding of EVs, in particular their diversity, composition, biogenesis and shedding mechanisms. In this review, we focus on plasma membrane-derived microvesicles (MVs), far less appreciated than exosomes. We integrate documented mechanisms involved in MV biogenesis and shedding, focusing on the red blood cell as a model. We then provide a perspective for the relevance of plasma membrane lipid composition and biophysical properties in microvesiculation on red blood cells but also platelets, immune and nervous cells as well as tumor cells. Although only a few data are available in this respect, most of them appear to converge to the idea that modulation of plasma membrane lipid content, transversal asymmetry and lateral heterogeneity in lipid domains may play a significant role in the vesiculation process. We suggest that lipid domains may represent platforms for inclusion/exclusion of membrane lipids and proteins into MVs and that MVs could originate from distinct domains during physiological processes and disease evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Pollet
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute & Université Catholique de Louvain, UCL B1.75.05, Avenue Hippocrate, 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Louise Conrard
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute & Université Catholique de Louvain, UCL B1.75.05, Avenue Hippocrate, 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Anne-Sophie Cloos
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute & Université Catholique de Louvain, UCL B1.75.05, Avenue Hippocrate, 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Donatienne Tyteca
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute & Université Catholique de Louvain, UCL B1.75.05, Avenue Hippocrate, 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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