1
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Chiou JT, Chang LS. ONC212 enhances YM155 cytotoxicity by triggering SLC35F2 expression and NOXA-dependent MCL1 degradation in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116242. [PMID: 38679209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Although the anticancer activity of ONC212 has been reported, the precise mechanism underlying its apoptotic effects remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the apoptotic mechanism of ONC212 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. ONC212 induces apoptosis, MCL1 downregulation, and mitochondrial depolarization in AML U937 cells. Ectopic MCL1 expression alleviates mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in ONC212-treated U937 cells. ONC212 triggers AKT phosphorylation, inducing NOX4-dependent ROS production and promoting HuR transcription. HuR-mediated ATF4 mRNA stabilization stimulates NOXA and SLC35F2 expression; ONC212-induced upregulation of NOXA leads to MCL1 degradation. The synergistic effect of ONC212 on YM155 cytotoxicity was dependent on increased SLC35F2 expression. In addition, YM155 feedback facilitated the activation of the ONC212-induced signaling pathway. A similar mechanism explains ONC212- and ONC212/YM155-induced AML HL-60 cell death. The continuous treatment of U937 cells with the benzene metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) generated U937/HQ cells, exhibiting enhanced responsiveness to the cytotoxic effects of ONC212. In U937/HQ cells, ONC212 triggered apoptosis through NOXA-mediated MCL1 downregulation, enhancing YM155 cytotoxicity. Collectively, our data suggested that ONC212 upregulated SLC35F2 expression and triggered NOXA-mediated MCL1 degradation in U937, U937/HQ, and HL-60 cells by activating the AKT/NOX4/HuR/ATF4 pathway. The ONC212-induced signaling pathway showed anti-AML activity and enhanced YM155 cytotoxicity.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/metabolism
- Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/genetics
- Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/biosynthesis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- U937 Cells
- Imidazoles/pharmacology
- Naphthoquinones/pharmacology
- HL-60 Cells
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Drug Synergism
- Benzyl Compounds
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring
- Sulfonamides
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ting Chiou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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2
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Chiba Y, Yamane Y, Sato T, Suto W, Hanazaki M, Sakai H. Extracellular acidification attenuates bronchial contraction via an autocrine activation of EP 2 receptor: Its diminishment in murine experimental asthma. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2024; 324:104251. [PMID: 38492830 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2024.104251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extracellular acidification is a major component of tissue inflammation, including airway inflammation in asthmatics. However, its physiological/pathophysiological significance in bronchial function is not fully understood. Currently, the functional role of extracellular acidification on bronchial contraction was explored. METHODS Left main bronchi were isolated from male BALB/c mice. Epithelium-removed tissues were exposed to acidic pH under submaximal contraction induced by 10-5 M acetylcholine in the presence or absence of a COX inhibitor indomethacin (10-6 M). Effects of AH6809 (10-6 M, an EP2 receptor antagonist), BW A868C (10-7 M, a DP receptor antagonist) and CAY10441 (3×10-6 M, an IP receptor antagonist) on the acidification-induced change in tension were determined. The release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from epithelium-denuded tissues in response to acidic pH was assessed using an ELISA. RESULTS In the bronchi stimulated with acetylcholine, change in the extracellular pH from 7.4 to 6.8 caused a transient augmentation of contraction followed by a sustained relaxing response. The latter inhibitory response was abolished by indomethacin and AH6809 but not by BW A868C or CAY10441. Both indomethacin and AH6809 significantly increased potency and efficacy of acetylcholine at pH 6.8. Stimulation with low pH caused an increase in PGE2 release from epithelium-denuded bronchi. Interestingly, the acidic pH-induced bronchial relaxation was significantly reduced in a murine asthma model that had a bronchial hyperresponsiveness to acetylcholine. CONCLUSION Taken together, extracellular acidification could inhibit the bronchial contraction via autocrine activation of EP2 receptors. The diminished acidic pH-mediated inhibition of bronchial tone may contribute to excessive bronchoconstriction in inflamed airways such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yamato Yamane
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Japan
| | - Wataru Suto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology, Japan
| | - Motohiko Hanazaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Chang EH, Hardy TA. Peripheral oedema as an adverse effect of treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis with siponimod: A case series. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 389:578330. [PMID: 38493554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Siponimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1P) modulator used to treat secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). We report 3 SPMS patients treated with siponimod who developed new or worsening peripheral oedema soon after commencing treatment. In one case, peripheral oedema resulted in immobility. Siponimod-related peripheral oedema deserves wider recognition due to the potential for morbidity and over-investigation. Clinicians should assess for pre-existing oedema and coexisting conditions that may predispose to developing peripheral oedema prior to commencing siponimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward H Chang
- MS & Neuroimmunology Clinics, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, NSW, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Todd A Hardy
- MS & Neuroimmunology Clinics, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, NSW, Sydney, Australia; Brain & Mind Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Sydney, Australia.
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4
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Gilmartin CG, Hoyle N, Garjani A, Dixon T, Jos H, Paling D, Brownlee W, Tench C, Evangelou N. Real-world data on siponimod-related lymphopenia among people with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2024; 30:600-604. [PMID: 38323423 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231225711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Siponimod-related lymphopenia in real-world clinical practice has implications for dose adjustment and infection risk. OBJECTIVE To characterise siponimod-related lymphopenia in people with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (pwSPMS). METHODS This is a retrospective cohort of 188 pwSPMS. The development of grade 4 lymphopenia was interrogated with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and binary logistic regression. RESULTS Lymphopenia develops soon after commencing siponimod. In total, 15 (8.5%) of 176 experienced grade 4 lymphopenia at 1 month after initiation. There were no clinically significant associations between patient characteristics and development of grade 4 lymphopenia. CONCLUSION Grade 4 lymphopenia can occur soon after siponimod initiation and cannot be predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Gs Gilmartin
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Clinical Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Natasha Hoyle
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Afagh Garjani
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Clinical Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Terri Dixon
- Clinical Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Helena Jos
- University College London Medical School, London, UK
| | - David Paling
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Wallace Brownlee
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Christopher Tench
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nikos Evangelou
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Academic Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Clinical Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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5
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Eliwa GI, El-Dengawy ERF, Gawish MS, Yamany MM. Comprehensive study on in vitro propagation of some imported peach rootstocks: in vitro explant surface sterilization and bud proliferation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5586. [PMID: 38454056 PMCID: PMC10920619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted in the Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Egypt. The objective of this study was to establish a micropropagation protocol suitable for three imported peach rootstocks: Okinawa (P. persica), Nemared (P. persica × P. davidiana) × P. persica), and Garnem (P. dulcis × P. persica) in vitro. The results showed that soaking the explants in sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 20% for 15 min produced the highest responsiveness (82.81%), survival (96.61%), with the lowest mortality (3.14%) and contamination (0.24%). Explants of the Garnem genotype had the best response (89.12%), survival (90.62%), lowest mortality (0.00%), and highest contamination (9.37%) when compared to the other genotypes. In comparison with axillary buds, the shoot tip displayed the highest responsiveness, survival, and death (100, 87.40, and 12.59%, respectively), as well as the least significant contamination (0.00%). Additionally, the percentages of responsive, survived, dead, and contaminated explants at the various collection dates varied significantly. The 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations used (3 to 5.0 mg/L) demonstrated similar behavior in terms of in vitro proliferation, with rates of 3.77 to 6.11, 4.33 to 8.88, and 3.33 to 7.44 shoot numbers per explant for the Okinawa, Nemared, and Garnem peach rootstocks, respectively, indicating that the number of shoot proliferations is genotype-dependent. Additionally, using 5.0 mg/L BAP in combination with 0.2 mg/L IBA significantly increased average shoot proliferation (96.29%), number of shoots per explant (7.48), and average leaf number/explant (16.33) compared to the other treatments. Based on these results, adventitious bud development was enhanced during in vitro multiplication of the Okinawa, Nemared, and Garnem peach rootstocks by the synergistic interaction of indole-butyric acid (IBA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Galal I Eliwa
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - El-Refaey F El-Dengawy
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Gawish
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mona M Yamany
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
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6
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Miscioscia A, Rinaldi F, Pilotto E, Perini P, Gallo P. Siponimod-Related Bilateral Macular Edema: A Transient and Completely Reversible Disorder. J Neuroophthalmol 2024; 44:e6-e7. [PMID: 36728552 PMCID: PMC10855986 DOI: 10.1097/wno.0000000000001788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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7
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Gong G, Kam H, Bai Y, Cheang WS, Wu S, Cheng X, Giesy JP, Lee SMY. 6-benzylaminopurine causes endothelial dysfunctions to human umbilical vein endothelial cells and exacerbates atorvastatin-induced cerebral hemorrhage in zebrafish. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:1258-1268. [PMID: 37929299 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), a multifunctional plant growth regulator, which is frequently used worldwide to improve qualities of various crops, is an important ingredient in production of "toxic bean sprouts." Although there is no direct evidence of adverse effects, its hazardous effects, as well as joint toxicity with other chemicals, have received particular attention and aroused furious debate between proponents and environmental regulators. By use of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), adverse effects of 6-BA to human-derived cells were first demonstrated in this study. A total of 25-50 mg 6-BA/L inhibited proliferation, migration, and formation of tubular-like structures by 50% in vitro. Results of Western blot analyses revealed that exposure to 6-BA differentially modulated the MAPK signal transduction pathway in HUVECs. Specifically, 6-BA decreased phosphorylation of MEK and ERK, but increased phosphorylation of JNK and P38. In addition, 6-BA exacerbated atorvastatin-induced cerebral hemorrhage via increasing hemorrhagic occurrence by 60% and areas by 4 times in zebrafish larvae. In summary, 6-BA elicited toxicity to the endothelial system of HUVECs and zebrafish. This was due, at least in part, to discoordination of MAPK signaling pathway, which should pose potential risks to the cerebral vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyi Gong
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hiotong Kam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yubin Bai
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Shuilong Wu
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoning Cheng
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States
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8
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Gurrea-Rubio M, Wang Q, Mills EA, Wu Q, Pitt D, Tsou PS, Fox DA, Mao-Draayer Y. Siponimod Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death Triggered by Neuroinflammation via NFκB and Mitochondrial Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2454. [PMID: 38473703 PMCID: PMC10931690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of heterogeneous clinical courses varying from relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), in which disability is linked to bouts of inflammation, to progressive disease such as primary progressive MS (PPMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS), in which neurological disability is thought to be linked to neurodegeneration. As a result, successful therapeutics for progressive MS likely need to have both anti-inflammatory and direct neuroprotective properties. The modulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors has been implicated in neuroprotection in preclinical animal models. Siponimod/BAF312, the first oral treatment approved for SPMS, may have direct neuroprotective benefits mediated by its activity as a selective (S1P receptor 1) S1P1 and (S1P receptor 5) S1P5 modulator. We showed that S1P1 was mainly present in cortical neurons in lesioned areas of the MS brain. To gain a better understanding of the neuroprotective effects of siponimod in MS, we used both rat neurons and human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons treated with the neuroinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Cell survival/apoptotic assays using flow cytometry and IncuCyte live cell analyses showed that siponimod decreased TNF-α induced neuronal cell apoptosis in both rat and human iPSCs. Importantly, a transcriptomic analysis revealed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, NFκB and cytokine signaling pathways contributed to siponimod's neuroprotective effects. Our data suggest that the neuroprotection of siponimod/BAF312 likely involves the relief of oxidative stress in neuronal cells. Further studies are needed to explore the molecular mechanisms of such interactions to determine the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation/neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Gurrea-Rubio
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.G.-R.); (Q.W.); (P.-S.T.); (D.A.F.)
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Q.W.)
- Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Mills
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Q.W.)
| | - Qi Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.G.-R.); (Q.W.); (P.-S.T.); (D.A.F.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Q.W.)
| | - David Pitt
- Department of Neurology, Yale Medicine, New Haven, CT 06473, USA;
| | - Pei-Suen Tsou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.G.-R.); (Q.W.); (P.-S.T.); (D.A.F.)
- Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David A. Fox
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.G.-R.); (Q.W.); (P.-S.T.); (D.A.F.)
- Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Q.W.)
- Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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9
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Beldarrain G, Chillida M, Hilario E, Herrero de la Parte B, Álvarez A, Alonso-Alconada D. URB447 Is Neuroprotective in Both Male and Female Rats after Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia and Enhances Neurogenesis in Females. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1607. [PMID: 38338884 PMCID: PMC10855747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The need for new and effective treatments for neonates suffering from hypoxia-ischemia is urgent, as the only implemented therapy in clinics is therapeutic hypothermia, only effective in 50% of cases. Cannabinoids may modulate neuronal development and brain plasticity, but further investigation is needed to better describe their implication as a neurorestorative therapy after neonatal HI. The cannabinoid URB447, a CB1 antagonist/CB2 agonist, has previously been shown to reduce brain injury after HI, but it is not clear whether sex may affect its neuroprotective and/or neurorestorative effect. Here, URB447 strongly reduced brain infarct, improved neuropathological score, and augmented proliferative capacity and neurogenic response in the damaged hemisphere. When analyzing these effects by sex, URB447 ameliorated brain damage in both males and females, and enhanced cell proliferation and the number of neuroblasts only in females, thus suggesting a neuroprotective effect in males and a double neuroprotective/neurorestorative effect in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorane Beldarrain
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Marc Chillida
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Enrique Hilario
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Borja Herrero de la Parte
- Department of Surgery and Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Antonia Álvarez
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Daniel Alonso-Alconada
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
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10
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Jafari M, Daneshvar MH. Machine learning-mediated Passiflora caerulea callogenesis optimization. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292359. [PMID: 38266002 PMCID: PMC10807783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Callogenesis is one of the most powerful biotechnological approaches for in vitro secondary metabolite production and indirect organogenesis in Passiflora caerulea. Comprehensive knowledge of callogenesis and optimized protocol can be obtained by the application of a combination of machine learning (ML) and optimization algorithms. In the present investigation, the callogenesis responses (i.e., callogenesis rate and callus fresh weight) of P. caerulea were predicted based on different types and concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) (i.e., 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA)) as well as explant types (i.e., leaf, node, and internode) using multilayer perceptron (MLP). Moreover, the developed models were integrated into the genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the concentration of PGRs and explant types for maximizing callogenesis responses. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the importance of each input variable on the callogenesis responses. The results showed that MLP had high predictive accuracy (R2 > 0.81) in both training and testing sets for modeling all studied parameters. Based on the results of the optimization process, the highest callogenesis rate (100%) would be obtained from the leaf explant cultured in the medium supplemented with 0.52 mg/L IBA plus 0.43 mg/L NAA plus 1.4 mg/L 2,4-D plus 0.2 mg/L BAP. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed the explant-dependent impact of the exogenous application of PGRs on callogenesis. Generally, the results showed that a combination of MLP and GA can display a forward-thinking aid to optimize and predict in vitro culture systems and consequentially cope with several challenges faced currently in Passiflora tissue culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Jafari
- Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Daneshvar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
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Torres-Haro A, Verdín J, Kirchmayr MR, Arellano-Plaza M. Combined 6-benzylaminopurine and H 2O 2 stimulate the astaxanthin biosynthesis in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:158. [PMID: 38252271 PMCID: PMC10803577 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Astaxanthin is one of the most attractive carotenoids due to its high antioxidant activity and beneficial biological properties, while Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous is one of its main microbial sources. Since astaxanthin is synthesized as a response to oxidative stress, several oxidative agents have been evaluated to increase X. dendrorhous astaxanthin yields. However, the extent of the stimulation is determined by the cellular damage caused by the applied oxidative agent. Phytohormones have also been reported as stimulants of astaxanthin biosynthesis acting directly on its metabolic pathway and indirectly promoting cellular resistance to reactive oxygen species. We reasoned that both oxidative agents and phytohormones lead to increased astaxanthin synthesis, but the latter could mitigate the drawbacks of the former. Thus, here, the stimulation on astaxanthin biosynthesis, as well as the cellular and transcriptional responses of wild type X. dendrorhous to phytohormones (6-benzylaminopurine, 6-BAP; abscisic acid, ABA; and indole-3-acetic acid, IAA), and oxidative agents (glutamate, menadione, H2O2, and/or Fe2+) were evaluated as a single or combined treatments. ABA and 6-BAP were the best individual stimulants leading to 2.24- and 2.60-fold astaxanthin biosynthesis increase, respectively. Nevertheless, the effect of combined 6-BAP and H2O2 led to a 3.69-fold astaxanthin synthesis increase (0.127 ± 0.018 mg astaxanthin/g biomass). Moreover, cell viability (> 82.75%) and mitochondrial activity (> 82.2%) remained almost intact in the combined treatment (6-BAP + H2O2) compared to control (< 52.17% cell viability; < 85.3% mitochondrial activity). On the other hand, mRNA levels of hmgR, idi, crtYB, crtR, and crtS, genes of the astaxanthin biosynthetic pathway, increased transiently along X. dendrorhous fermentation due to stimulations assayed in this study. KEY POINTS: • Combined 6-BAP and H2O2 is the best treatment to increase astaxanthin yields in X. dendrorhous. • 6-BAP preserves cell integrity under oxidative H2O2 stress conditions. • 6-BAP and H2O2 increase transcriptional responses of hmgR, idi, and crt family genes transiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Torres-Haro
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge Verdín
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Manuel R Kirchmayr
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Melchor Arellano-Plaza
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
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12
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Ludwig R, Malla B, Höhrhan M, Infante-Duarte C, Anderhalten L. Investigating the Mitoprotective Effects of S1P Receptor Modulators Ex Vivo Using a Novel Semi-Automated Live Imaging Set-Up. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:261. [PMID: 38203434 PMCID: PMC10778583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), mitochondrial alterations appear to contribute to disease progression. The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator siponimod is approved for treating secondary progressive MS. Its preceding compound fingolimod was shown to prevent oxidative stress-induced alterations in mitochondrial morphology. Here, we assessed the effects of siponimod, compared to fingolimod, on neuronal mitochondria in oxidatively stressed hippocampal slices. We have also advanced the model of chronic organotypic hippocampal slices for live imaging, enabling semi-automated monitoring of mitochondrial alterations. The slices were prepared from B6.Cg-Tg(Thy1-CFP/COX8A)S2Lich/J mice that display fluorescent neuronal mitochondria. They were treated with hydrogen peroxide (oxidative stress paradigm) ± 1 nM siponimod or fingolimod for 24 h. Afterwards, mitochondrial dynamics were investigated. Under oxidative stress, the fraction of motile mitochondria decreased and mitochondria were shorter, smaller, and covered smaller distances. Siponimod partly prevented oxidatively induced alterations in mitochondrial morphology; for fingolimod, a similar trend was observed. Siponimod reduced the decrease in mitochondrial track displacement, while both compounds significantly increased track speed and preserved motility. The novel established imaging and analysis tools are suitable for assessing the dynamics of neuronal mitochondria ex vivo. Using these approaches, we showed that siponimod at 1 nM partially prevented oxidatively induced mitochondrial alterations in chronic brain slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ludwig
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (R.L.); (L.A.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bimala Malla
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (R.L.); (L.A.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Höhrhan
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Medical Immunology, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Infante-Duarte
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (R.L.); (L.A.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lina Anderhalten
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (R.L.); (L.A.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Savelieva EM, Zenchenko AA, Drenichev MS, Kozlova AA, Kurochkin NN, Arkhipov DV, Chizhov AO, Oslovsky VE, Romanov GA. In Planta, In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Chiral N6-Benzyladenine Derivatives: Discovery of Receptor-Specific S-Enantiomers with Cytokinin or Anticytokinin Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911334. [PMID: 36232653 PMCID: PMC9569578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinins, classical phytohormones, affect all stages of plant ontogenesis, but their application in agriculture is limited because of the lack of appropriate ligands, including those specific for individual cytokinin receptors. In this work, a series of chiral N6-benzyladenine derivatives were studied as potential cytokinins or anticytokinins. All compounds contained a methyl group at the α-carbon atom of the benzyl moiety, making them R- or S-enantiomers. Four pairs of chiral nucleobases and corresponding ribonucleosides containing various substituents at the C2 position of adenine heterocycle were synthesized. A nucleophilic substitution reaction by secondary optically active amines was used. A strong influence of the chirality of studied compounds on their interaction with individual cytokinin receptors of Arabidopsis thaliana was uncovered in in vivo and in vitro assays. The AHK2 and CRE1/AHK4 receptors were shown to have low affinity for the studied S-nucleobases while the AHK3 receptor exhibited significant affinity for most of them. Thereby, three synthetic AHK3-specific cytokinins were discovered: N6-((S)-α-methylbenzyl)adenine (S-MBA), 2-fluoro,N6-((S)-α-methylbenzyl)adenine (S-FMBA) and 2-chloro,N6-((S)-α-methylbenzyl)adenine (S-CMBA). Interaction patterns between individual receptors and specific enantiomers were rationalized by structure analysis and molecular docking. Two other S-enantiomers (N6-((S)-α-methylbenzyl)adenosine, 2-amino,N6-((S)-α-methylbenzyl)adenosine) were found to exhibit receptor-specific and chirality-dependent anticytokinin properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina M. Savelieva
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya str. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Zenchenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Drenichev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Kozlova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay N. Kurochkin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Arkhipov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya str. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander O. Chizhov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Leninsky pr. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir E. Oslovsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgy A. Romanov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya str. 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: or
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14
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Granados A, Dhungana RK, Sharique M, Majhi J, Molander GA. From Styrenes to Fluorinated Benzyl Bromides: A Photoinduced Difunctionalization via Atom Transfer Radical Addition. Org Lett 2022; 24:4750-4755. [PMID: 35766376 PMCID: PMC10412001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An operationally simple and practical method is disclosed to achieve the difunctionalization of styrenes, generating fluorinated benzyl bromides via a photoinduced atom transfer radical addition process. The developed method is mild, atom-economical, cost-effective, employs very low photocatalyst loading (1000 ppm), and is highly compatible with a broad range of functional groups on styrene. The versatility of the fluorinated benzyl bromides is demonstrated through their derivatization to a variety of valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jadab Majhi
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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15
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Fabre L, Rousset C, Monier K, Da Cruz-Boisson F, Bouvet P, Charreyre MT, Delair T, Fleury E, Favier A. Fluorescent Polymer-AS1411-Aptamer Probe for dSTORM Super-Resolution Imaging of Endogenous Nucleolin. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2302-2314. [PMID: 35549176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolin is a multifunctional protein involved in essential biological processes. To precisely localize it and unravel its different roles in cells, fluorescence imaging is a powerful tool, especially super-resolution techniques. Here, we developed polymer-aptamer probes, both small and bright, adapted to direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM). Well-defined fluorescent polymer chains bearing fluorophores (AlexaFluor647) and a reactive end group were prepared via RAFT polymerization. The reactive end-group was then used for the oriented conjugation with AS1411, a DNA aptamer that recognizes nucleolin with high affinity. Conjugation via strain-promoted alkyne/azide click chemistry (SPAAC) between dibenzylcyclooctyne-ended fluorescent polymer chains and 3'-azido-functionalized nucleic acids proved to be the most efficient approach. In vitro and in cellulo evaluations demonstrated that selective recognition for nucleolin was retained. Their brightness and small size make these polymer-aptamer probes an appealing alternative to immunofluorescence, especially for super-resolution (10-20 nm) nanoscopy. dSTORM imaging demonstrated the ability of our fluorescent polymer-aptamer probe to provide selective and super-resolved detection of cell surface nucleolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fabre
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cédex, France
| | - Corentin Rousset
- Univ Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Karine Monier
- Univ Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Fernande Da Cruz-Boisson
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cédex, France
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Univ Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Charreyre
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cédex, France
| | - Thierry Delair
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cédex, France
| | - Etienne Fleury
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cédex, France
| | - Arnaud Favier
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cédex, France
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16
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Canjuga D, Hansen C, Halbrügge F, Hann L, Weiß S, Schlensak C, Wendel HP, Avci-Adali M. Improving hemocompatibility of artificial lungs by click conjugation of glycoengineered endothelial cells onto blood-contacting surfaces. Biomater Adv 2022; 137:212824. [PMID: 35929239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Artificial lungs, also known as oxygenators, allow adequate oxygenation of the blood in patients with severe respiratory failure and enable patient survival. However, the insufficient hemocompatibility of the current of artificial lungs hampers their long-term use. Therefore, in this study, a novel strategy was developed to efficiently endothelialize blood-contacting surfaces to improve their hemocompatibility. Hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) were functionalized with dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO), and endothelial cells were glycoengineered for covalent conjugation to DBCO by a copper-free click reaction. Metabolic glycoengineering using azidoacetylmannosamine-tetraacylated (Ac4ManNAz) resulted in highly efficient functionalization of endothelial cells with azide (N3) molecules on the cell surface without negative impact on cell viability. After 48 h, significantly improved endothelialization was detected on the HFM surfaces functionalized with DBCO compared to unmodified HFMs. Endothelial cells were responsive to inflammatory stimulus and expressed adhesion-promoting molecules (E-selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1). Furthermore, the hemocompatibility of HFMs was analyzed by dynamic incubation with fresh human blood. DBCO-coated and uncoated HFMs showed a comparable hemocompatibility, but the endothelialization of HFMs significantly reduced the activation of blood coagulation and platelets. Interestingly, the incubation of endothelialized HFMs with human blood further reduced the expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1 in endothelial cells. In this study, a highly efficient, cell-compatible method for endothelialization of artificial lungs was established. This click chemistry-based method can be also applied for the endothelialization of other artificial surfaces for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Canjuga
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Hansen
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Halbrügge
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ludmilla Hann
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sarina Weiß
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schlensak
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Wendel
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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17
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Api AM, Belsito D, Botelho D, Bruze M, Burton GA, Cancellieri MA, Chon H, Dagli ML, Date M, Dekant W, Deodhar C, Fryer AD, Jones L, Joshi K, Kumar M, Lapczynski A, Lavelle M, Lee I, Liebler DC, Moustakas H, Na M, Penning TM, Ritacco G, Romine J, Sadekar N, Schultz TW, Selechnik D, Siddiqi F, Sipes IG, Sullivan G, Thakkar Y, Tokura Y. Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, α-methylbenzyl acetate, CAS Registry Number 93-92-5. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 167 Suppl 1:113193. [PMID: 35662568 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A M Api
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - D Belsito
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, 161 Fort Washington Ave., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - D Botelho
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Bruze
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, Malmo University Hospital, Department of Occupational & Environmental Dermatology, Sodra Forstadsgatan 101, Entrance 47, Malmo, SE-20502, Sweden
| | - G A Burton
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, School of Natural Resources & Environment, University of Michigan, Dana Building G110, 440 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 58109, USA
| | - M A Cancellieri
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - H Chon
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M L Dagli
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, University of Sao Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, Av. Prof. dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - M Date
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - W Dekant
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, University of Wuerzburg, Department of Toxicology, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - C Deodhar
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - A D Fryer
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - L Jones
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - K Joshi
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Kumar
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - A Lapczynski
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Lavelle
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - I Lee
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - D C Liebler
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, 638 Robinson Research Building, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0146, USA
| | - H Moustakas
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Na
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - T M Penning
- Member of Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, 1316 Biomedical Research Building (BRB) II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3083, USA
| | - G Ritacco
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - J Romine
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - N Sadekar
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - T W Schultz
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, The University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Medicine, 2407 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996- 4500, USA
| | - D Selechnik
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - F Siddiqi
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - I G Sipes
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5050, USA
| | - G Sullivan
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA.
| | - Y Thakkar
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - Y Tokura
- Member Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety, The Journal of Dermatological Science (JDS), Editor-in-Chief, Professor and Chairman, Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
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18
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Ruan J, Yi P. Exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine inhibits tip growth and cytokinesis via regulating actin dynamics in the moss Physcomitrium patens. Planta 2022; 256:1. [PMID: 35616774 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous BAP but not 2iP disrupts actin structures and induces tip-growth retardation and cytokinesis failure in the moss Physcomitrium patens. Synthetic cytokinins have been widely used to address hormonal responses during plant development. However, exogenous cytokinins can cause a variety of cellular effects. A detailed characterization of such effects has not been well studied. Here, using Physcomitrium patens as a model, we show that the aromatic cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) inhibits tip growth at concentrations above 0.2 µM. At higher concentrations (0.6-1 µM), BAP can additionally block mitotic entry and induce cytokinesis defects and cell death. These effects are associated with altered actin dynamics and structures. By contrast, 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP) does not cause marked defects at various concentrations up to 10 µM, while t-zeatin (tZ) can moderately inhibit moss growth. Our results provide mechanistic insight into the inhibitory effects of BAP on cell growth and cell division and call for attention to the use of synthetic cytokinins for bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Peishan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Cortesi PA, Antonazzo IC, Gasperini C, Nica M, Ritrovato D, Mantovani LG. Cost-effectiveness and budget impact analysis of siponimod in the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in Italy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264123. [PMID: 35259168 PMCID: PMC8903273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Siponimod is an effective treatment for patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), with active disease evidenced by relapses or imaging features characteristic of multiple sclerosis inflammatory activity, however there is a need to evaluate its economic value and sustainability compared to other disease modifying-therapies (DMTs). Objective To estimate the siponimod cost-effectiveness profile and its relative budget impact compared with other DMTs, by using the Italian National Healthcare System perspective. Methods We performed: 1) a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) vs interferon beta-1b using an analytical Markov model and a life time-horizon, and 2) a budget impact analysis by using 3-years time-horizon. The results were reported as incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and net-monetary benefit (NMB) for CEA, using a willingness to pay threshold of €40,000 per QALY gained, and as difference in the overall budget (Euro) between the scenario with and without siponimod for budget impact. Results In the base case scenario siponimod resulted cost-effective compared with interferon beta-1b 28,891€ per QALY. Overall, the market access of siponimod was associated to an increased budget of about 3€ millions (+0.9%) in the next 3 years simulated. Conclusion Compared to interferon beta-1b, siponimod seems to be cost-effective in SPMS patients and sustainable, with less than 1% overall budget increased in the next 3 years. Future studies need to confirm our results in the real word setting and in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Angelo Cortesi
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Value-Based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Gasperini
- Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Value-Based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
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20
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Montgomery S, Woodhouse F, Vudumula U, Gudala K, Duddy M, Kroes M. Stick or twist? Cost-effectiveness of siponimod compared with continuing existing disease-modifying therapies in the treatment of active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in the UK. J Med Econ 2022; 25:669-678. [PMID: 35575251 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2022.2078103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identification of the phenotypic transition from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is often delayed due to disease complexity and an unwillingness to withdraw RRMS disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), driven by limited SPMS treatment options. Despite the paucity of clinical evidence for efficacy in patients with SPMS, DMTs licensed for RRMS are frequently continued into the early stages of SPMS. The cost-effectiveness of oral siponimod, an active SPMS DMT, versus continued oral or infused RRMS DMTs for patients with active SPMS, was evaluated. METHODS A cohort Markov model based on disease progression through Expanded Disability Status Scale health states, with annual cycles and lifetime horizon, was employed to determine the cost-effectiveness of siponimod from a UK National Health Service (NHS) perspective for patients with active SPMS. Baseline characteristics, health state utility values, hazard ratios for time to 6-month confirmed disability progression, annualized relapse rate ratios and adverse events for siponimod were obtained from the phase 3 EXPAND clinical trial, supplemented by published literature. Published costs, resource use data and comparator efficacy data were obtained from the literature and, in the absence of data, reasonable assumptions were made. RESULTS Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were greater for siponimod versus all comparators (3.45 versus 2.69-2.83). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), calculated as cost per QALY, for siponimod versus natalizumab (dominant), ocrelizumab (£4,760), fingolimod (£10,033) and dimethyl fumarate (£15,837) indicated that siponimod was cost-effective at the commonly accepted willingness-to-pay threshold of £30,000/QALY. CONCLUSIONS Recognition of active SPMS and treatment of this phenotype with siponimod offers a cost-effective and clinically beneficial treatment approach compared with the continuation of oral or infused RRMS DMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Woodhouse
- Costello Medical Consulting Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - U Vudumula
- Novartis Ireland Limited, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Gudala
- Novartis Healthcare Private Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | - M Duddy
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - M Kroes
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd, London, UK
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21
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Au KM, Tisch R, Wang AZ. In Vivo Bioengineering of Beta Cells with Immune Checkpoint Ligand as a Treatment for Early-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. ACS Nano 2021; 15:19990-20002. [PMID: 34843648 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by autoreactive T cells targeting the insulin-producing beta (β) cells. Despite advances in insulin therapy, T1DM still leads to high morbidity and mortality in patients. A key focus of T1DM research has been to identify strategies that re-establish self-tolerance and suppress ongoing autoimmunity. Here, we describe a strategy that utilizes pretargeting and glycochemistry to bioengineer β cells in situ to induce β-cell-specific tolerance. We hypothesized that β-cell-targeted Ac4ManNAz-encapsulated nanoparticles deliver and establish β cells with high levels of surface reactive azide groups. We further theorized that administration of a dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO)-functionalized programmed death-ligand 1 immunoglobulin fusion protein (PD-L1-Ig) can be readily conjugated to the surface of native β cells. Using nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, we demonstrated that our strategy effectively and selectively conjugates PD-L1 onto β cells through bioorthogonal stain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition. We also showed that the in vivo functionalized β cells simultaneously present islet-specific antigen and PD-L1 to the engaged T cells, reversing early onset T1DM by reducing IFN-gamma expressing cytotoxic toxic T cells and inducing antigen-specific tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Man Au
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Carolina Institute of Nanomedicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75230, United States
| | - Roland Tisch
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Andrew Z Wang
- Laboratory of Nano- and Translational Medicine, Carolina Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Carolina Institute of Nanomedicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75230, United States
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system, with an unpredictable course. Current MS therapies such as disease-modifying therapies focus on treating exacerbations, preventing new exacerbations and avoiding the progression of disability. Siponimod (BAF312) is an oral treatment, a selective sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, for the treatment of adults with relapsing forms of MS including active, secondary progressive MS with relapses. OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and adverse effects of siponimod as monotherapy or combination therapy versus placebo or any active comparator for people diagnosed with MS. SEARCH METHODS On 18 June 2020, we searched the Cochrane Multiple Sclerosis and Rare Diseases of the CNS Trials Register, which contains studies from CENTRAL, MEDLINE and Embase, and the trials registry databases ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). We also handsearched relevant journals and screened the reference lists of published reviews and retrieved articles and searched reports (2004 to June 2020) from the MS societies in Europe and America. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised parallel controlled clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated siponimod, as monotherapy or combination therapy, versus placebo or any active comparator in people with MS. There were no restrictions on dose or administration frequency. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We discussed disagreements and resolved them by consensus among the review authors. Our primary outcomes wereworsening disability , relapse and adverse events, and secondary outcomes were annualised relapse rate, gadolinium-enhancing lesions, new lesions or enlarged pre-existing lesions and mean change of brain volume. We independently evaluated the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach. We contacted principal investigators of included studies for additional data or confirmation of data. MAIN RESULTS Two studies (1948 participants) met our selection criteria, 608 controls and 1334 treated with siponimod. The included studies compared siponimod with placebo. Overall, all studies had a high risk of bias due to selective reporting and attrition bias. Comparing siponimod administered at a dose of 2 mg to placebo, we found that siponimod may reduce the number of participants with disability progression at six months (56 fewer people per 1000; risk ratio (RR) 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65 to 0.94; 1 study, 1641 participants; low-certainty evidence) and annualised relapse rate (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.56; 2 studies, 1739 participants; low-certainty evidence). But it might lead to little reduction in the number of participants with new relapse (166 fewer people per 1000; RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.15 to 1.00; 1 study, 94 participants; very low-certainty evidence). We observed no evidence of a difference due to adverse events for siponimod at 2 mg compared to placebo (14 more people per 1000; RR 1.52, 95% CI 0.85 to 2.71; 2 studies, 1739 participants, low-certainty evidence). In addition, due to the high risk of inaccurate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data in the two included studies, we could not combine data for active lesions on MRI scans. Both studies had high attrition bias resulting from the unbalanced reasons for dropouts among groups and high risk of bias due to conflicts of interest. Siponimod may reduce the number of gadolinium-enhancing T1-weighted lesions at two years of follow-up (RR 0.14, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.19; P < 0.0001; 1 study, 1641 participants; very low-certainty evidence). There may be no evidence of a difference between groups in the number of participants with at least one serious adverse event excluding relapses (113 more people per 1000; RR 1.80, 95% CI 0.37 to 8.77; 2 studies, 1739 participants; low-certainty evidence) at six months. No data were available regarding cardiac adverse events. In terms of safety profile, the most common adverse events associated with siponimod were headache, back pain, bradycardia, dizziness, fatigue, influenza, urinary tract infection, lymphopenia, nausea, alanine amino transferase increase and upper respiratory tract infection. These adverse events have dose-related effects and rarely led to discontinuation of treatment. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings of the RCTs included in this review, we are uncertain whether siponimod interventions are beneficial for people with MS. There was low-certainty evidence to support that siponimod at a dose of 2 mg orally once daily as monotherapy compared with placebo may reduce the annualised relapse rate and the number of participants who experienced disability worsening, at 6 months. However, the certainty of the evidence to support the benefit in reducing the number of people with a relapse is very low. The risk of withdrawals due to adverse events requires careful monitoring of participants over time. The duration of all studies was less than 24 months, so the efficacy and safety of siponimod over 24 months are still uncertain, and further exploration is needed in the future. There is no high-certainty data available to evaluate the benefit on MRI outcomes. We assessed the certainty of the body of evidence for all outcomes was low to very low, downgraded due to serious study limitations, imprecision and indirectness. We are uncertain whether siponimod is beneficial for people with MS. More new studies with robust methodology and longer follow-up are needed to evaluate the benefit of siponimod for the management of MS and to observe long-term adverse effects. Also, in addition to comparing with placebo, more new studies are needed to evaluate siponimod versus other therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujiao Cao
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou , China
| | - Meixuan Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Yao
- Department of Health Research Methodology, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Peijing Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- The Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongfeng Lao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- School of Public Health, Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Lanzhou University Institute of Health Data Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ka Li
- West China School of Nursing /West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Samjoo IA, Worthington E, Haltner A, Spin P, Drudge C, Cameron C, Brennan R, Dahlke F, Adlard N. Indirect comparisons of siponimod with fingolimod and ofatumumab in multiple sclerosis: assessing the feasibility of propensity score matching analyses. Curr Med Res Opin 2021; 37:1933-1944. [PMID: 34384311 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2021.1968362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Head-to-head trials comparing siponimod with fingolimod or ofatumumab in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are lacking. Instead, the comparative efficacy of siponimod can be derived from indirect treatment comparisons (ITCs). We assessed the suitability of ITCs leveraging individual patient data from relevant phase III trials across different MS phenotypes. METHODS One siponimod trial in patients with secondary progressive MS (SPMS), four fingolimod trials (three in relapsing-remitting MS [RRMS], and one in primary progressive MS [PPMS]), and two ofatumumab trials in relapsing MS (RMS) were considered. The suitability of ITCs was evaluated based on trial design, patient eligibility criteria, baseline patient characteristics, placebo response, and outcome definitions for each trial. Analyses deemed feasible were conducted using one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM). RESULTS An ITC between siponimod in SPMS and either fingolimod in RRMS or ofatumumab in RMS was not feasible because of insufficient overlap in key patient characteristics (e.g. disability level and relapse history) and differences in placebo response. However, a comparison between siponimod in SPMS and fingolimod in PPMS was feasible because of sufficient overlap in eligibility criteria and baseline characteristics. One-to-one PSM demonstrated siponimod was favored relative to fingolimod for time to 6- and 3-month confirmed disability progression though not significantly different (hazard ratio 0.76 [95% confidence interval 0.48-1.20; p-value = .240] and hazard ratio 0.80 [95% confidence interval 0.52-1.22; p-value = .300], respectively). CONCLUSIONS For trials in MS, clinical phenotype is an important determinant of ITC feasibility. An ITC between siponimod in SPMS and either fingolimod in RRMS or ofatumumab in RMS was not feasible. The only feasible comparison was between siponimod in SPMS and fingolimod in PPMS.
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Yang M, Huang J, Zhang S, Zhao X, Feng D, Feng X. Melatonin mitigated circadian disruption and cardiovascular toxicity caused by 6-benzylaminopurine exposure in zebrafish. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 223:112555. [PMID: 34332249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a highly effective plant hormone, the overuse of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) may pose potential threats to organisms and the environment. Melatonin is widely known for its regulation of sleep rhythm, and it also shows a beneficial effect in a variety of adverse situations. In order to investigate the harm of 6-BA to vertebrates and whether melatonin can reverse the toxicity induced by 6-BA, we analyzed the circadian rhythm and cardiovascular system of zebrafish, and further clarified the role of the thyroid endocrine system. The exposure of well-developed embryos started at 2 hpf, then 6-BA and/or melatonin were carried out. The results indicated that 6-BA disturbed the rhythmic activities of the larvae, increased wakefulness, correspondingly reduced their rest, and induced disrupted clock gene expression. Video analysis and qRT-PCR data found that zebrafish under 6-BA exposure showed obvious cardiovascular morphological abnormalities and dysfunction, and the mRNA levels of cardiovascular-related genes (nkx2.5, gata4, myl7, vegfaa and vegfab) were significantly down-regulated. In addition, altered thyroid hormone content and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis-related gene expression were also clearly observed. 1umol/L of melatonin had little effect on zebrafish, but its addition could significantly alleviate the circadian disturbance and cardiovascular toxicity caused by 6-BA, and simultaneously played a regulatory role in thyroid system. Our research revealed the adverse effects of 6-BA on zebrafish larvae and the protective role of melatonin in circadian rhythm, cardiovascular and thyroid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- The Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- The Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Daofu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Xizeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Mehta R, Bhandari R, Kuhad A. Exploring nordihydroguaretic acid (NDGA) as a plausible neurotherapeutic in the experimental paradigm of autism spectrum disorders targeting nitric oxide pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1833-1857. [PMID: 34363573 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00811-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the neuro-protective ability of nordihydroguaretic acid (NDGA) in the experimental paradigm of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and further decipher the nitric oxide pathway's role in its proposed action. An intracerebroventricular infusion of 4 μl of 1 M PPA was given in the lateral ventricle's anterior region to induce autism-like phenotype in male rats. Oral administration of NDGA (5, 10 & 15 mg/kg) was initiated from the 3rd day lasting till the 28th day. L-NAME (50 mg/kg) and L-Arginine (800 mg/kg) were also given individually and combined to explore NDGA's ability to act via the nitric oxide pathway. Behavior tests for sociability, stereotypy, anxiety, depression, novelty, repetitive and perseverative behavior were carried out between the 14th and 28th day. On the 29th day, animals were sacrificed, and mitochondrial complexes and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated. We also estimated the levels of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic markers such as TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, IFN-γ, HSP-70, and caspase-3. To assess the involvement of the nitric oxide pathway, levels of iNOS and homocysteine were estimated. Treatment with NDGA significantly restored behavioral, biochemical, neurological, and molecular deficits. Hence, NDGA can be used as a neurotherapeutic agent in ASD. Targeting nitric oxide pathway mediated oxidative & nitrosative stress responsible for behavioral, biochemical, and molecular alterations via modulating nitric oxide pathway. The evaluation of iNOS and homocysteine levels conclusively establishes the nitric oxide pathway's role in causing behavioral, biochemical & molecular deficits and NDGA's beneficial effect in restoring these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishab Mehta
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Ranjana Bhandari
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
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Wang P, Roider E, Coulter ME, Walsh CA, Kramer CS, Beuning PJ, Giese RW. DNA Adductomics by mass tag prelabeling. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2021; 35:e9095. [PMID: 33821547 PMCID: PMC10668917 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE As a new approach to DNA adductomics, we directly reacted intact, double-stranded (ds)-DNA under warm conditions with an alkylating mass tag followed by analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. This method is based on the tendency of adducted nucleobases to locally disrupt the DNA structure (forming a "DNA bubble") potentially increasing exposure of their nucleophilic (including active hydrogen) sites for preferential alkylation. Also encouraging this strategy is that the scope of nucleotide excision repair is very broad, and this system primarily recognizes DNA bubbles. METHODS A cationic xylyl (CAX) mass tag with limited nonpolarity was selected to increase the retention of polar adducts in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for more detectability while maintaining resolution. We thereby detected a diversity of DNA adducts (mostly polar) by the following sequence of steps: (1) react DNA at 45°C for 2 h under aqueous conditions with CAX-B (has a benzyl bromide functional group to label active hydrogen sites) in the presence of triethylamine; (2) remove residual reagents by precipitating and washing the DNA (a convenient step); (3) digest the DNA enzymatically to nucleotides and remove unlabeled nucleotides by nonpolar solid-phase extraction (also a convenient step); and (4) detect CAX-labeled, adducted nucleotides by LC/MS2 or a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS technique. RESULTS Examples of the 42 DNA or RNA adducts detected, or tentatively so based on accurate mass and fragmentation data, are as follows: 8-oxo-dGMP, ethyl-dGMP, hydroxyethyl-dGMP (four isomers, all HPLC-resolved), uracil-glycol, apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, benzo[a]pyrene-dGMP, and, for the first time, benzoquinone-hydroxymethyl-dCMP. Importantly, these adducts are detected in a single procedure under a single set of conditions. Sensitivity, however, is only defined in a preliminary way, namely the latter adduct seems to be detected at a level of about 4 adducts in 109 nucleotides (S/N ~30). CONCLUSIONS CAX-Prelabeling is an emerging new technique for DNA adductomics, providing polar DNA adductomics in a practical way for the first time. Further study of the method is encouraged to better characterize and extend its performance, especially in scope and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poguang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisabeth Roider
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Christopher A Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Life Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caitlin S Kramer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Penny J Beuning
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger W Giese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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Lalikoglu M, Ince E. The Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate as a Fragrance and Flavoring Agent with Green Solvents. J Cosmet Sci 2021; 72:362-378. [PMID: 35262479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Benzyl acetate, which has a crucial role in the industry as a flavor and fragrance component, is important for human health to be obtained with a green and clean process. For this purpose, the esterification reaction of acetic acid (AA) and benzyl alcohol (BA) was investigated using five different ionic liquids (ILs) as catalysts. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [EMIM] [HSO4], 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [EMIM] [BF4], 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [OMIM] [BF4], 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis [(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] imide [EMIM] [NTf2], and 1,3-diethylimidazolium bis [(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] imide [DEIM] [NTf2] were used as catalysts. The best catalytic performance was obtained with 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [EMIM] [HSO4]. The influence of different anions and cations in the IL's structure, the reaction conditions such as initial acid/alcohol ratio, the catalyst amount, the reaction temperature, and the time on conversion were observed. The Box-Behnken experimental design of response surface methodology was applied to estimate the relationship between acid conversion (%) and reaction parameters. According to the model, in all esterification experiments carried out at 110°C, the optimum conditions for maximum conversion were AA:BA molar ratio of 1:1, IL molar ratio of 0.66, and reaction time 4 hours. Under these conditions, 90.34% acid conversion was achieved. [EMIM] [HSO4] can be used for up to three cycles with minimal loss in activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Lalikoglu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpas¸a, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, 34320, Istanbul/TURKEY
| | - Erol Ince
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpas¸a, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, 34320, Istanbul/TURKEY
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28
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Sun X, Li C, Ren L, Wang W. Efficient mineralization of gaseous benzyl chloride by VUV/UV photodegradation in humid air. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:27520-27527. [PMID: 33512685 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11900-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
VUV/UV photodegradation technology, which is free of catalysts or oxidants, has been regarded as an efficient method to decompose gaseous VOCs. However, the mineralization of gaseous VOCs by VUV/UV photodegradation has seldom been discussed systematically. In this work, the mineralization of benzyl chloride in humid air is comprehensively investigated and the potential contributors in the system (i.e., light wavelength, O2 and H2O) are discussed. As a result, more than 95.0% benzyl chloride is mineralized at 40 min in humid air with 80% relative humidity (RH) despite its initial concentrations (i.e., ranging from 4 to 20 ppm). It is found that both 185-nm VUV light and H2O significant contribute to the efficient mineralization of benzyl chloride in humid air, while O2 only has a limited effect to the efficient mineralization of benzyl chloride in humid air. The introduction of H2O into the VUV/UV photodegradation can reduce the emission of ozone obviously. These findings are significant inspiration to application of the VUV/UV photodegradation technology on the treatment of gaseous VOCs in the actual air atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Sun
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chaolin Li
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Liyuan Ren
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Schur N, Gudala K, Vudumula U, Vadapalle S, Bhadhuri A, Casanova A, Adlard N, Schwenkglenks M. Cost Effectiveness and Budget Impact of Siponimod Compared to Interferon Beta-1a in the Treatment of Adult Patients with Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis with Active Disease in Switzerland. Pharmacoeconomics 2021; 39:563-577. [PMID: 33791945 PMCID: PMC8079303 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-021-01023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aim was to evaluate the cost effectiveness and budget impact of siponimod compared to interferon beta-1a for adult patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) with active disease, from a Swiss health insurance perspective. METHODS We conducted an analysis using a Markov cohort model with a cycle length of 1 year, life-long time horizon, and discount rate of 3% for cost and health outcomes. We used a matching-adjusted indirect comparison to estimate clinical outcomes using data from the EXPAND randomised controlled trial of siponimod vs placebo and the Nordic SPMS randomised controlled trial of interferon beta-1a vs placebo as the basis for estimates of disability progression and relapse outcomes. We used 6-month confirmed disability progression results to estimate disability progression in the base-case analysis. We calculated quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) based on an external study that administered the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire to European patients with multiple sclerosis. We included costs (Swiss Franc (CHF), year 2020) of drug acquisition/administration, adverse events and disease management. We also performed a budget impact analysis to estimate the cost over the first 3 years of introducing siponimod. RESULTS For the base case, siponimod resulted in mean incremental costs of CHF 84,901 (siponimod: CHF 567,838, interferon beta-1a: CHF 482,937) and mean incremental QALYs of 1.591 (siponimod: 7.495, interferon beta-1a: 5.905), leading to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of CHF 53,364 per QALY gained. In the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, the probability of the cost effectiveness of siponimod assuming a willingness-to-pay threshold of CHF 100,000 per QALY gained was 90%. Siponimod was projected to result in drug administration costs for siponimod of CHF 23,817,856 in the first 3 years after introduction, accompanied by large cost offsets in drug acquisition of other multiple sclerosis drugs. Considering drug administration, monitoring and adverse event management costs, it was estimated to result in additional healthcare costs in Switzerland of CHF 2,177,021. CONCLUSIONS In the base-case analysis, we found that siponimod may be cost effective for treating Swiss adult patients with SPMS with active disease. The results of the cost-effectiveness analyses are valid under the assumption that the efficacy of siponimod and the comparators on disability progression for the overall SPMS population would be the same in the active SPMS population. CLINICAL TRIAL IDENTIFIER NCT01665144. This economic evaluation was based on the EXPAND trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kapil Gudala
- Novartis Healthcare Private Limited, Hyderabad, India
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30
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Kamran M, Danish M, Saleem MH, Malik Z, Parveen A, Abbasi GH, Jamil M, Ali S, Afzal S, Riaz M, Rizwan M, Ali M, Zhou Y. Application of abscisic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine modulated morpho-physiological and antioxidative defense responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by minimizing cobalt uptake. Chemosphere 2021; 263:128169. [PMID: 33297138 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A hydroponic study was conducted to determine the effects of single and/or combined application of different doses (0, 5 and 10 μM L-1) of abscisic acid (ABA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on cobalt (Co) accumulation, morpho-physiological and antioxidative defense attributes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) exposed to severe Co stress (400 μM L-1). The single Co treatment (T1), prominently decreased tomato growth, relative water contents, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b), whereas enhanced oxidative stress and Co accumulation in shoot and root tissues. Nonetheless, the supplementation of ABA and 6-BAP via nutrient media significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced plant biomass, root morphology and chlorophyll contents of tomato, compared to only Co treatment (T1). Moreover, the oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde, proline and H2O2 contents were ameliorated through activation of enzymatic antioxidant activities i.e. ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase, in growth modulator treatments in comparison to T1. The Co uptake, translocation (TF) and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) by shoot and root tissues of tomato were significantly reduced under all the treatments than that of T1. The supply of 6-BAP alone or in combination with ABA at 10 μM L-1 application (T7) rate was found the most effective to reduce Co accumulation in the roots and shoots by 48.4% and 70.2% respectively than T1 treatment. It can be concluded that two plant growth modulators could improve the stress tolerance by inhibition of Co uptake in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China; Laboratory of Soil Salinity, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Danish
- Laboratory of Soil Salinity, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan; Division of Sustainability, Department of Sustainable Environment, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zaffar Malik
- Laboratory of Soil Salinity, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Aasma Parveen
- Laboratory of Soil Salinity, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hassan Abbasi
- Laboratory of Soil Salinity, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Jamil
- Laboratory of Soil Salinity, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Sobia Afzal
- Laboratory of Soil Salinity, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Laboratory of Soil Salinity, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, PR China.
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Farooq M, Jan R, Kim KM. Gravistimulation effects on Oryza sativa amino acid profile, growth pattern and expression of OsPIN genes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17303. [PMID: 33057095 PMCID: PMC7566508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74531-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Gravity is an important ecological factor regulating plant growth and developmental processes. Here we used various molecular and biochemical approaches to investigate artificial and normal gravistimulation's effect on the early growth stages of rice (Oryza sativa L.) by changing the orientations of Petri dishes. Rate of amino acid formation, root and shoot growth, and OsPIN expression was significantly higher under gravistimulation compared with the control. Clinostat rotation positively affected plant growth and amino acid profile. However, under normal gravity, vertical-oriented seedlings showed high amino acid levels compared with clinostat, 90°-rotated, and control seedlings. Similarly, seedling growth significantly increased with 90°-rotated and vertical orientations. Artificial gravity and exogenous indole-3-acetic acid induced OsPIN1 expression in the roots, root shoot junction, and shoots of clinorotated seedlings. Phenyl acetic acid induced OsPIN1 expression in the roots and root shoot junction of clinorotated seedlings but not in the shoot. The current study suggests that OsPIN1 is differentially regulated and that it might be involved in the regulation of plant growth. Conversely, OsPIN2 and OsPIN3a are gravity sensors and highly induced in the roots and root shoot junctions of vertical and 90°-rotated seedlings and play an important role in stress conditions. Thus, on exposure to gravity, hormones, and UV-C radiation, these genes are highly regulated by jasmonic acid, 6-benzylaminopurine and gibberellic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq
- School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahmatullah Jan
- School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Davison JR, Bewley CA. Antimicrobial Chrysophaentin Analogs Identified from Laboratory Cultures of the Marine Microalga Chrysophaeum taylorii. J Nat Prod 2019; 82:148-153. [PMID: 30623657 PMCID: PMC8414558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory culture of the colonial marine alga Chrysophaeum taylorii NIES-1699 yielded a set of new bioactive chrysophaentin analogs, and their structures were determined by HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopy. Differences in the metabolites identified between cultured C. taylorii NIES-1699 and field-collected strains from the U.S. Virgin Islands revealed additional structure-activity relationships for the Gram-positive antibiotic activity of the chrysophaentins. The presence of new hemichrysophaentins and a C-C linked biphenyl analog suggest novel features of their biosynthetic pathway. Bayesian analysis of the alignment of the 18S rRNA gene places the microalga C. taylorii in the pelagophyte clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack R. Davison
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Carole A. Bewley
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Yan S, Xia P, Xu S, Zhang K, Li G, Cui L, Yin J. Nanocomposite Porous Microcarriers Based on Strontium-Substituted HA- g-Poly(γ-benzyl-l-glutamate) for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:16270-16281. [PMID: 29688701 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Porous microcarriers have aroused increasing attention recently, which can create a protected environment for sufficient cell seeding density, facilitate oxygen and nutrient transfer, and well support the cell attachment and growth. In this study, porous microcarriers fabricated from the strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite- graft-poly(γ-benzyl-l-glutamate) (Sr10-HA- g-PBLG) hybrid nanocomposite were developed. The surface grating of PBLG, the micromorphology and element distribution, mechanical strength, in vitro degradation, and Sr2+ ion release of the obtained Sr10-HA- g-PBLG porous microcarriers were investigated, respectively. The grafting ratio and the molecular weight of the grafted PBLG of Sr10-HA- g-PBLG could be effectively controlled by varying the initial ratio of BLG-NCA to Sr10-HA-NH2. The microcarriers exhibited a highly porous and interconnected microstructure with the porosity of about 90% and overall density of 1.03-1.06 g/cm3. Also, the degradation rate of Sr10-HA-PBLG microcarriers could be effectively controlled and long-term Sr2+ release was obtained. The Sr10-HA-PBLG microcarriers allowed cells adhesion, infiltration, and proliferation and promoted the osteogenic differentiation of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Successful healing of femoral bone defect was proved by injection of the ADSCs-seeded Sr10-HA-PBLG microcarriers in a rabbit model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Yan
- Department of Polymer Materials , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Xia
- Department of Polymer Materials , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghua Xu
- Department of Polymer Materials , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kunxi Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guifei Li
- Department of Polymer Materials , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tongji Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , 389 Xincun Road , Shanghai 200065 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Yin
- Department of Polymer Materials , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , People's Republic of China
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Li D, Wang YJ, Lü YF, Cao RH, Li S, Zhang J. [Effect of Organic Carbon Source on Start-up and Operation of the CANON Granular Sludge Process]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2018; 39:1294-1300. [PMID: 29965476 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201707133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of organic carbon on the start-up and operation of the CANON granular sludge process was investigated in two SBR reactors with different strategies:gradually increased organic carbon concentration (R1) and without organic carbon (R2). The results showed that adding 50 mg·L-1 organic carbon accelerated the start-up of the CANON granular sludge process. R1 and R2 were started up in 23 d and 32 d, respectively. Moreover, the appropriate organic carbon enhanced the activity of AOB, AnAOB, and denitrification, increasing the ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen (TN) removal rates. The maximum ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen removal rates of R1 were 92% and 88%, respectively. The maximum ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen removal rates of R2 were 89% and 80%, respectively. Further tests showed that excessive organic carbon concentration decreased the activity of AOB and AnAOB and reduced the removal efficiency of ammonia and total nitrogen. Adding organic carbon promoted denitrification activity and increased nitrogen removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yan-Ju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yu-Feng Lü
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Rui-Hua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Kim ID, Dhungana SK, Park YS, Kim DJ, Shin DH. Persimmon Fruit Powder May Substitute Indolbi, a Synthetic Growth Regulator, in Soybean Sprout Cultivation. Molecules 2017; 22:E1462. [PMID: 28869525 PMCID: PMC6151661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean sprouts are a major food item in Korea. Various studies have been carried out to enhance their yield and nutritional values. The objective of the present study was to examine the influence of persimmon fruit powder and Indolbi, a synthetic plant growth regulator, on the yield and nutritional value of soybean sprouts. Seeds were soaked in tap water containing 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.5% and 5.0% (w/v) persimmon fruit powder and the samples were named as PT-1, PT-2, PT-3, and PT-4, respectively. The yield increment was almost doubled in PT-3 and PT-4 than in the Indolbi treated sprouts on basis of the control. Vitamin C, isoflavones, and total phenolic contents as well as antioxidant potentials (determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging assays) were also significantly (p < 0.05) higher in PT-3 compared to the Indolbi treatment and the control. However, total free amino acid and magnesium contents of Indolbi- applied sprouts were higher than in the fruit powder treatments. The overall results of the present study showed that persimmon fruit powder can be an option to enhance the yield and nutritional value of soybean sprouts since, due to potential health hazards, the use of synthetic chemicals like Indolbi is less preferred than the natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Doo Kim
- International Institute of Agricultural Research & Development, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | | | - Yong-Sung Park
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Tourism Management, Yeungnam University College, Daegu 42415, Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyun Shin
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
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Guzmán-Zapata D, Domínguez-Anaya Y, Macedo-Osorio KS, Tovar-Aguilar A, Castrejón-Flores JL, Durán-Figueroa NV, Badillo-Corona JA. mRNA imaging in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using the light-up aptamer Spinach. J Biotechnol 2017; 251:186-188. [PMID: 28359866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Light-up aptamers are practical tools to image RNA localization in vivo. A now classical light-up aptamer system is the combination of the 3,5-difluoro-4-hydroxybenzylidene (DFHBI) fluorogen and the RNA aptamer Spinach, which has been successfully used in bacterial and mammalian cells. However, light-up aptamers have not been used in algae. Here, we show that a simple vector, carrying Spinach, transcriptionally fused to the aphA-6 gene, can be effectively used to generate a functional light-up aptamer in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. After incubation with DFHBI, lines expressing the aphA-6/Spinach mRNA were observed with laser confocal microscopy to evaluate the functionality of the light-up aptamer in the chloroplast of C. reinhardtii. Clear and strong fluorescence was localized to the chloroplast, in the form of discrete spots. There was no background fluorescence in the strain lacking Spinach. Light-up aptamers could be further engineered to image RNA or to develop genetically encoded biosensors in algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Guzmán-Zapata
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Av. Acueducto S/N., Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 México City, Mexico
| | - Yael Domínguez-Anaya
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Av. Acueducto S/N., Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 México City, Mexico
| | - Karla S Macedo-Osorio
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Av. Acueducto S/N., Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 México City, Mexico
| | - Andrea Tovar-Aguilar
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Av. Acueducto S/N., Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 México City, Mexico
| | - José L Castrejón-Flores
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Av. Acueducto S/N., Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 México City, Mexico
| | - Noé V Durán-Figueroa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Av. Acueducto S/N., Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 México City, Mexico.
| | - Jesús A Badillo-Corona
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Av. Acueducto S/N., Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 México City, Mexico.
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Liu P, Fan S, Wu G, Zhao R, Liu W, Zhao X. [Determination of 6 kinds of plant growth regulator in bean sprout by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2016; 45:483-489. [PMID: 27459816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A method for the simultaneous determination of 6 plant growth regulator (PGR) residues in bean sprout was developed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). 6-Benzylaminopurine, isopentennyladenine, 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid, indole-3- acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid were concerned. METHODS Bean sprout samples were extracted by acetonitrile and QuEChERS extraction kit, purified by C18 powers. After centrifugation, the sample liquids was diluted 10 times by ultrapure water. The chromatographic analysis was carried out on an waters acquity UPLC BEH C18 column( 100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 microm). The analyzer confirmed and quantified by mass spectrum of triple quadrupole in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and quantified by matrix-matched external standard method. RESULTS The calibration curves showed good linearity in each range with correlation coefficients greater than 0.998. 3 levels spiked recoveries were carried out using blank bean sprout extraction as substrate, the recoveries ranged from 84.2% to 107.5%, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 3.08% to 12.71%. The qualitative limits of detections (S/N = 3) were 0.03-3.0 microg/kg and the quantitative limits(S/N = 10) were 0.1-10.0 microg/kg for the 6 PGRs. CONSLUSION The method is simple and easy to operate, with less organic reagent, high sensitivity and good stability. It is suitable for the detection of 6 kinds of plant growth regulators in bean sprouts.
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Qiao J, Ren GX, Li YP, Zhang Q, Qi MD, Liu Y, Liu CS. [Effect of Chemical Constituents from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Induced by Exogenous 6-Benzylaminopurine in Different Growth Periods]. Zhong Yao Cai 2016; 39:956-961. [PMID: 30132628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of chemical constituents from Glycyrrhiza uralensis induced by exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine( 6-BA) in different growth periods, aim to explore the regulatory network of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. METHODS The transplants of two-year-old Glycyrrhiza uralensis were subjected to four concentrations of 6-BA( 15,20,50,100 mg / L) at June and July. The content of seven kinds of chemical constituents including glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritin apioside,isoliquiritin apioside were determined by HPLC. Then long-term dynamic changes of the content of seven chemical compositions were analyzed. RESULTS In June, the content of seven compositions increased remarkably after 6-BA stimulating than that in July. Seven kinds of chemical constituents increased remarkably after 100 mg / L 6-BA stimulating for 3 months, and the increase rates were59. 34%,71. 14%,57. 31%,16. 36%,30. 17%,80. 26%,91. 90%,respectively. The greatest impact was glycyrrhizic acid with different concentration stimulating. 6-BA stress had a protection ability against the decrease of flavonoids in licorice under natural growth condition. The treatment of 6-BA had effect to the content of Glycyrrhiza uralensis,but hardly altered the ratio of their chemical composition. CONCLUSION A regulatory network is existed among medicinal ingredients of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Glycyrrhizic acid and flavonoids accumulation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis can be affected by exogenous 6-BA stimulation in certain case.
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Jiang J, Wing V, Xiet T, Shi X, Wang YP, Sokolov V. DNA METHYLATION ANALYSIS DURING THE OPTIMIZATION OF Agrobacterium-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF SOYBEAN. Genetika 2016; 52:66-73. [PMID: 27183794 DOI: 10.7868/s0016675816010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is recognized as one of the plants which are very difficult to be transformed. Considering the low transformation efficiency of soybean, we aimed to determine the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), shoot induction time, and infection time of Agrobacterium on the clonal propagation of Glycine max. Results showed that 1.6 mg/L 6-BA could be optimal to promote the induction of adventitious shoots. An induction time of 15 d was considered optimal for the actual experiment involving soybean shoot induction. Agrobacterium was cultured until an OD600 = 0.8 was reached for an infection time of 30 min; this infection time may be optimal to promote soybean transformation. Whole genome DNA methylation was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-assisted quantification, and DNA methylation result is consistent with the phenotypic data of shoot development. In addition, two methylation-related genes (Decrease in DNA methylation 1 and DNA methyltransferases chromomethylase 2) were analyzed to determine expression differences by qRT-PCR in the shoots that were developed under different experimental conditions. In general, the expression values of these genes were normally downregulated under the recommended experimental conditions of soybean regeneration. This study showed the overall methylation changes in the in vitro culture of soybean, as affected by several variable parameters, which is useful to promote the transformation efficiency of soybean.
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Li QF, Wang JH, Pulkkinen P, Kong LS. Changes in the Metabolome of Picea balfouriana Embryogenic Tissues That Were Linked to Different Levels of 6-BAP by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Approach. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141841. [PMID: 26517840 PMCID: PMC4627733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryogenic cultures of Picea balfouriana, which is an important commercial species for reforestation in Southern China, easily lose their embryogenic ability during long-term culture. Embryogenic tissue that proliferated at lower concentrations (3.6 μM and 2.5 μM) of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) were more productive, and generated 113 ± 6 and 89 ± 3 mature embryos per 100 mg embryogenic tissue, respectively. A metabolomic approach was used to study the changes in metabolites linked to embryogenic competence related to three different 6-BAP concentrations (2.5 μM, 3.6 μM, and 5 μM). A total of 309 compounds were obtained, among which 123 metabolites mapped to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways. The levels of 35 metabolites were significantly differentially regulated among the three 6-BAP treatments, and 32 metabolites differed between the 2.5 μM and 5 μM treatments. A total of 17 metabolites appeared only once among the three comparisons. The combination of a score plot and a loading plot showed that in the samples with higher embryogenic ability (3.6 μM and 2.5 μM), up-regulated metabolites were mostly amino acids and down-regulated metabolites were mostly primary carbohydrates (especially sugars). These results suggested that 6-BAP may influence embryogenic competence by nitrogen metabolism, which could cause an increase in amino acid levels and higher amounts of aspartate, isoleucine, and leucine in tissues with higher embryogenic ability. Furthermore, we speculated that 6-BAP may affect the amount of tryptophan in tissues, which would change the indole-3-acetic acid levels and influence the embryogenic ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. F. Li
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation & Utilization, GuangXi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - J. H. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - P. Pulkkinen
- Finnish Forest Research Institute, Haapastensyrjä, Finland
| | - L. S. Kong
- Unit Centre for Forest Biology, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
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Xu J, Zha M, Li Y, Ding Y, Chen L, Ding C, Wang S. The interaction between nitrogen availability and auxin, cytokinin, and strigolactone in the control of shoot branching in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Cell Rep 2015; 34:1647-62. [PMID: 26024762 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen availability and cytokinin could promote shoot branching in rice, whereas auxin and strigolactone inhibited it. The interaction between nitrogen availability and the three hormones is discussed. Rice shoot branching is strongly affected by nitrogen availability and the plant hormones auxin, cytokinin, and strigolactone; however, the interaction of them in the regulation of rice shoot branching remains a subject of debate. In the present study, nitrogen and the three hormones were used to regulate rice tiller bud growth in the indica rice variety Yangdao 6. Both nitrogen and CK promoted shoot branching in rice, whereas auxin and SL inhibited it. We used HPLC to determine the amounts of endogenous IAA and CK, and we used quantitative real-time PCR analysis to quantify the expression levels of several genes. Nitrogen enhanced the amount of CK by promoting the expression levels of OsIPTs in nodes. In addition, both nitrogen and CK downregulated the expression of genes related to SL synthesis in root and nodes, implying that the inhibition of SL synthesis by nitrogen may occur at least partially through the CK pathway. SL did not significantly reduce the amount of CK or the expression levels of OsIPT genes, but it did significantly reduce the amount of auxin and the auxin transport capacity in nodes. Auxin itself inhibited CK synthesis and promoted SL synthesis in nodes rather than in roots. Furthermore, we found that CK and SL quickly reduced and increased the expression of FC1 in buds, respectively, implying that FC1 might be a common target for the CK and SL pathways. Nitrogen and auxin delayed expression change patterns of FC1, potentially by changing the downstream signals for CK and SL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxu Xu
- Agronomy College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China,
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Kulkhanova DS, Erst AA, Novikova TI. [In vitro Regeneration from Bulbous Scales of Fritillaria sonnikovae, an Endemic Species]. Ontogenez 2015; 46:259-266. [PMID: 26480485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Features of in vitro regeneration of Fritillaria sonnikovae from bulb scales were studied. The initiation of shoot formation was obtained on a nutrient medium BDS, supplemented with 5 µM 6-benzylaminopurine and 2 µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid. Optimization of propagation stage was carried out using obtained microbulbs as explants. High regenerative response of explants and shoot multiplication rate were observed on both media supplemented with growth regulators (up to 47% and 4.2 ± 0.6 pcs./explant, respectively) and hormone-free medium (48% and 4.1 ± 0.2 shoots per explant, respectively). It has been established that the ad- dition of growth regulators on the stage of cultivation does not cause increased morphogenic response but contributes to the accelerated initiation and development of microbulbs. Morphological and histological analysis revealed the dynamics of the formation of shoots de novo. In vitro development of F. sonnikovae follows the path of direct organogenesis from the epidermal tissue of the explant.
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Fogelman E, Stern RA, Ginzberg I. Benzyladenine and gibberellin treatment of developing "Pink Lady" apples results in mature fruits with a thicker cuticle comprising clusters of epidermal cells. Protoplasma 2015; 252:1009-1017. [PMID: 25433445 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A mixture of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and gibberellins GA4 plus GA7 applied to "Pink Lady" apple at early phenological stages was previously shown to result in an immediate increase in epidermal cell density and associated reduction in calyx-end cracking disorder in the mature fruit, implying a long-term effect of the BA + GA4+7 mixture. Here, we analyzed the anatomical changes in the mature peel at the calyx end 210 days after full bloom (DAFB), following application of the plant growth regulators (PGRs) at the cell-division phase of fruit development, 21-50 DAFB. Experiments were conducted in northern Israel, and the PGRs were applied as the commercial formulation Superlon™ (Fine Agrochemicals Ltd.), composed of 19 g l(-1) BA and 19 g l(-1) GA4+7. Trees were sprayed with 0.025, 0.1, or 0.2 % (v/v) Superlon™. The most obvious phenomenon was the presence of epidermal cell clusters within the cuticular matrix that were detached from the native epidermal layer located at the bottom of the cuticle and which could not be detected in the untreated control fruits. Treatment with 20 mg l(-1) BA + GA4+7 (0.1 % Superlon™) resulted in a markedly thicker cuticle, a higher percentage of detached epidermal cells within the cuticular membrane and a significant reduction in calyx-end cracking at harvest. The presence of cuticle-embedded epidermal cell clusters may have contributed to strengthening the peel by adding more cell-wall components, thickening the cuticle layer and possibly enhancing crack repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Fogelman
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
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Yi JH, Perumalsamy H, Sankarapandian K, Choi BR, Ahn YJ. Fumigant Toxicity of Phenylpropanoids Identified in Asarum sieboldii Aerial Parts to Lycoriella ingenua (Diptera: Sciaridae) and Coboldia fuscipes (Diptera: Scatopsidae). J Econ Entomol 2015; 108:1208-1214. [PMID: 26470247 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour) (Diptera: Sciaridae) and Coboldia fuscipes (Meigen) (Diptera: Scatopsidae) are two of the most economically important insect pests of cultivated mushrooms. The toxicities to the fly larvae of the three phenylpropanoids (methyleugenol, myristicin, and safrole) from aerial parts of Asarum sieboldii Miquel (Aristolochiaceae) were compared with those of the currently available carbamate insecticide benfuracarb. In a contact+fumigant mortality bioassay with L. ingenua and C. fuscipes larvae, methyleugenol (1.46 and 2.33 µg/cm2) was the most toxic compound, followed by safrole (2.03 and 2.59 µg/cm2) and myristicin (3.59 and 4.96 µg/cm2), based on 24-h LC50 values. The phenylpropanoids were less toxic than benfuracarb (LC50, 0.75 and 0.55 µg/cm2). In vapor-phase mortality tests with the larvae, the phenylpropanoids were consistently more toxic in closed versus open containers, indicating that the effect of the compounds was largely a result of vapor action. Global efforts to reduce the level of highly toxic synthetic insecticides in the agricultural environment justify further studies on A. sieboldii plant-derived products as potential fumigants for the control of mushroom fly populations in mushroom houses and mushroom compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hwan Yi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| | - Haribalan Perumalsamy
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Karuppasamy Sankarapandian
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeoung-Ryeol Choi
- Crop Protection Division, Department of Crop Life Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 565-851, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
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Du L, Li Y, Yao Y, Zhang L. An Efficient Protocol for Plantlet Regeneration via Direct Organogenesis by Using Nodal Segments from Embryo-Cultured Seedlings of Cinnamomum camphora L. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127215. [PMID: 25962170 PMCID: PMC4427331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and efficient plantlet regeneration protocol via direct organogenesis was established for camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora L.). Stem segments with one node (SN explants) from embryo-cultured seedlings (EC seedlings) were used as explants. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2.0 mg/L 6-benzyladenine was used to induce cotyledonary embryo germination. This medium was also used for EC seedlings propagation and adventitious bud induction from SN explants. Regenerated plantlets were cultured on hormone-free MS medium for elongation and root induction. The regeneration capability of SN explants was compared by using EC seedling lines established in this research. EC seedling line EL6 exhibited the highest adventitious bud induction frequency (91.7%) and the highest number of buds per responding explant (5.2), which was considered as the most efficient EC seedling line for further gene transformation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang City, Henan Province, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yongpeng Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang City, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Yao Yao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang City, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang City, Henan Province, P. R. China
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Chen J, Funnell KA, Lewis DH, Eason JR, Woolley DJ. Regreening in spathes of Zantedeschia after anthesis: its physiology and control by fructification and hormones. Physiol Plant 2015; 154:128-141. [PMID: 25243478 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The mature pigmented spathe of Zantedeschia is characterized by a developmental process, wherein the spathe regreens after anthesis and prior to senescence of the inflorescence. Previous research has shown that spathe regreening involves redifferentiation of chloroplasts and re-accumulation of chlorophyll, but the detailed physiological changes associated with regreening are still largely unknown. Using Zantedeschia aethiopica and the Zantedeschia pentlandii variety 'Best Gold' as models, this study explores the physiological mechanism and possible roles of fructification, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and gibberellin (GA3 ) in induction or progression of spathe regreening. Application of BAP stimulated regreening in spathe tissue of 'Best Gold' by enhancing accumulation of carotenoid and chlorophyll, and also increasing stacking of grana. In contrast, GA3 retarded formation of double-membrane lamella during chloroplast redifferentiation, thus delaying the onset of regreening. We suggest that these actions of BAP and GA3 have a synergistic effect in delaying the onset of regreening in 'Best Gold' so that when applied together retardation of chlorophyll accumulation, chloroplast redifferentiation and accumulation of carotenoids were enhanced. The elimination of fructification did not prevent the occurrence of regreening in either Zantedeschia model plants, indicating that fructification was not a prerequisite for the induction of regreening. It is still unclear how regreening in Zantedeschia is triggered. We propose that the onset of regreening in Zantedeschia is likely to be a genetically programmed event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Chen
- Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Breeding and Genomics, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, 11-600, New Zealand
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47
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Li Q, Zhang S, Wang J. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of embryogenic tissues in Picea balfouriana treated with 6-benzylaminopurine. Physiol Plant 2015; 154:95-113. [PMID: 25200684 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) influences the embryogenic capacity of the tissues of Picea balfouriana during long subculture (after 3 months). Tissues that proliferate in 3.6 and 5 µM 6-BAP exhibit the highest and lowest embryogenic capacity, respectively, generating 113 ± 6 and 23 ± 3 mature embryos per 100 mg of tissue. In this study, a comparative transcriptomic and proteomic approach was applied to characterize the genes and proteins that are differentially expressed among tissues under the influence of different levels of 6-BAP. A total of 51 375 unigenes and 2617 proteins were obtained after quality filtering. There were 2770 transcripts for proteins found among these unigenes. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the differentially expressed unigenes and proteins showed that they were involved in cell and binding activity and were enriched in ribosome and glutathione metabolism pathways. Ribosomal proteins, glutathione S-transferase proteins, germin-like proteins and calmodulin-independent protein kinases were up-regulated in the embryogenic tissues with the highest embryogenic ability (treated with 3.6 µM 6-BAP), which was validated via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis, and these proteins might serve as molecular markers of embryogenic ability. Data are available via Sequence Read Archive (SRA) and ProteomeXchange with identifier SRP042246 and PXD001022, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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48
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Kikowska M, Kędziora I, Krawczyk A, Thiem B. Methyl jasmonate, yeast extract and sucrose stimulate phenolic acids accumulation in Eryngium planum L. shoot cultures. Acta Biochim Pol 2015; 62:197-200. [PMID: 25856557 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2014_880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Eryngium planum L. has been reported as a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine in Europe. The tissue cultures may be an alternative source of the biomass rich in desired bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the biotechnological techniques on the selected phenolic acids accumulation in the agitated shoot cultures of E. planum. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of those compounds in 50% aqueous - methanolic extracts from the biomass were conducted by applying the HPLC method. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), yeast extract (YE) and sucrose (Suc) stimulated accumulation of the phenolic acids: rosmarinic (RA), chlorogenic (CGA) and caffeic (CA) in in vitro shoot cultures. Cultivation of shoots in liquid MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg L(-1) 6-benzyladenine and 0.1 mg L(-1) indole-3-acetic acid in the presence of 100 µM MeJA for 48h was an optimum condition of elicitation and resulted in approximately 4.5-fold increased content of RA + CGA + CA in plant material compared to the control (19.795 mg g(-1) DW, 4.36 mg g(-1) DW, respectively). The results provide the first evidence that the selected phenolic acids can be synthesized in elicited shoot cultures of flat sea holly in higher amount than in untreated shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Poznań, Poland
| | - Izabela Kędziora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aldona Krawczyk
- Quality Control Laboratory of Phytopharm Klęka S.A., Nowe Miasto nad Wartą, Poland
| | - Barbara Thiem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Poznań, Poland
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Musiienko MM, Zhuk VV, Batsmanova LM. [Signal function of cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine in the reaction of Triticum aestivum L. mesophyll cells to hyperthermia]. Ukr Biochem J 2015; 86:66-73. [PMID: 25816607 DOI: 10.15407/ubj86.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on leaf mesophyll cells of Triticum aestivum L. under hyperthermic conditions was studied. It was found that BAP regulated photosynthetic pigment, hydrogen peroxide content and activity of antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase under high-temperature conditions. The additive effect of BAP and high temperature on the activation of cell antioxidant systems was demonstrated. BAP regulated reducing processes in mesophyll leaf cells under high-temperature conditions.
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Wu K, Zhang X, Sun S, Wang X. Factors affecting the accumulation of curcumin in microrhizomes of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015:740794. [PMID: 25722985 PMCID: PMC4333182 DOI: 10.1155/2015/740794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Curcuminoids, and mainly curcumin, are potential therapeutic agents for the prevention of various diseases; however, little is known about the factors that influence their accumulation in Curcuma species. In this study, the effects of factors such as sucrose concentration, different ratios of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and light quality on the accumulation of curcumin and other curcuminoids in Curcuma aromatica were investigated. Microrhizomes grown on media containing 3% sucrose produced more curcumin and other curcuminoids than those grown on higher concentrations. Moreover, when compared to other ratios of 6-BA and NAA, microrhizomes induced on 3% sucrose media supplemented with 3.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA produced more curcumin and other curcuminoids; however, the amount was less than in microrhizomes grown on 3% sucrose alone. We determined that a 5% sucrose medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L of 6-BA and 0.5 mg/L of NAA enhanced the levels of curcumin and curcuminoids and that exposure to red light further increased production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wu
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Shulan Sun
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
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