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Mourragui SMC, Loog M, Vis DJ, Moore K, Manjon AG, van de Wiel MA, Reinders MJT, Wessels LFA. Predicting patient response with models trained on cell lines and patient-derived xenografts by nonlinear transfer learning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2106682118. [PMID: 34873056 PMCID: PMC8670522 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106682118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical models have been the workhorse of cancer research, producing massive amounts of drug response data. Unfortunately, translating response biomarkers derived from these datasets to human tumors has proven to be particularly challenging. To address this challenge, we developed TRANSACT, a computational framework that builds a consensus space to capture biological processes common to preclinical models and human tumors and exploits this space to construct drug response predictors that robustly transfer from preclinical models to human tumors. TRANSACT performs favorably compared to four competing approaches, including two deep learning approaches, on a set of 23 drug prediction challenges on The Cancer Genome Atlas and 226 metastatic tumors from the Hartwig Medical Foundation. We demonstrate that response predictions deliver a robust performance for a number of therapies of high clinical importance: platinum-based chemotherapies, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel. In contrast to other approaches, we demonstrate the interpretability of the TRANSACT predictors by correctly identifying known biomarkers of targeted therapies, and we propose potential mechanisms that mediate the resistance to two chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soufiane M C Mourragui
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Loog
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel J Vis
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kat Moore
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna G Manjon
- Division of Cell Biology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A van de Wiel
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom
| | - Marcel J T Reinders
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands;
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk F A Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands
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Segura-Wang M, Grenier B, Ilic S, Ruczizka U, Dippel M, Bünger M, Hackl M, Nagl V. MicroRNA Expression Profiling in Porcine Liver, Jejunum and Serum upon Dietary DON Exposure Reveals Candidate Toxicity Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112043. [PMID: 34769473 PMCID: PMC8585098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), a frequent mycotoxin worldwide, impairs human and animal health. The response of microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, to DON has been scarcely investigated, but holds remarkable potential for biomarker applications. Hence, we aimed to investigate DON-induced changes in the microRNA expression in porcine liver, jejunum and serum by combining targeted and untargeted analyses. Piglets received uncontaminated feed or feed containing 900 µg/kg and 2500 µg/kg DON for four weeks, followed by a wash-out period. In tissue, only slight changes in microRNA expression were detected, with ssc-miR-10b being downregulated in liver of DON-exposed piglets. In serum, several microRNAs were differentially expressed upon DON exposure, four of which were validated by qPCR (ssc-miR-16, ssc-miR-128, ssc-miR-451, ssc-miR-205). The serum microRNA response to DON increased over time and declined after removal of contaminated diets. Receiver operating curve analyses for individual microRNAs were significant, and a combination of the four microRNAs increased the predictive capacity for DON exposure. Predicted microRNA target genes showed enrichment of several pathways including PIK3-AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and adherens junctions. This study gives, for the first time, a comprehensive view of the porcine microRNA response to DON, providing a basis for future research on microRNAs as biomarkers for mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Segura-Wang
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (M.S.-W.); (B.G.); (S.I.)
| | - Bertrand Grenier
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (M.S.-W.); (B.G.); (S.I.)
| | - Suzana Ilic
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (M.S.-W.); (B.G.); (S.I.)
| | - Ursula Ruczizka
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Maximiliane Dippel
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Moritz Bünger
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | | | - Veronika Nagl
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (M.S.-W.); (B.G.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-2272-81166-0
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3
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Gutiérrez-Fernández M, de la Cuesta F, Tallón A, Cuesta I, Fernández-Fournier M, Laso-García F, Gómez-de Frutos MC, Díez-Tejedor E, Otero-Ortega L. Potential Roles of Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers and a Novel Treatment Approach in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169011. [PMID: 34445717 PMCID: PMC8396540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of bilayer membrane-wrapped molecules that play an important role in cell-to-cell communication, participating in many physiological processes and in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). In recent years, many studies have focused on EVs, with promising results indicating their potential role as biomarkers in MS and helping us better understand the pathogenesis of the disease. Recent evidence suggests that there are novel subpopulations of EVs according to cell origin, with those derived from cells belonging to the nervous and immune systems providing information regarding inflammation, demyelination, axonal damage, astrocyte and microglia reaction, blood–brain barrier permeability, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and ultimately synaptic loss and neuronal death in MS. These biomarkers can also provide insight into disease activity and progression and can differentiate patients’ disease phenotype. This information can enable new pathways for therapeutic target discovery, and consequently the development of novel treatments. Recent evidence also suggests that current disease modifying treatments (DMTs) for MS modify the levels and content of circulating EVs. EVs might also serve as biomarkers to help monitor the response to DMTs, which could improve medical decisions concerning DMT initiation, choice, escalation, and withdrawal. Furthermore, EVs could act not only as biomarkers but also as treatment for brain repair and immunomodulation in MS. EVs are considered excellent delivery vehicles. Studies in progress show that EVs containing myelin antigens could play a pivotal role in inducing antigen-specific tolerance of autoreactive T cells as a novel strategy for the treatment as “EV-based vaccines” for MS. This review explores the breakthrough role of nervous and immune system cell-derived EVs as markers of pathological disease mechanisms and potential biomarkers of treatment response in MS. In addition, this review explores the novel role of EVs as vehicles for antigen delivery as a therapeutic vaccine to restore immune tolerance in MS autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Neurological Sciences and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-F.); (A.T.); (I.C.); (M.F.-F.); (F.L.-G.); (M.C.G.-d.F.)
| | - Fernando de la Cuesta
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Antonio Tallón
- Neurological Sciences and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-F.); (A.T.); (I.C.); (M.F.-F.); (F.L.-G.); (M.C.G.-d.F.)
| | - Inmaculada Cuesta
- Neurological Sciences and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-F.); (A.T.); (I.C.); (M.F.-F.); (F.L.-G.); (M.C.G.-d.F.)
| | - Mireya Fernández-Fournier
- Neurological Sciences and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-F.); (A.T.); (I.C.); (M.F.-F.); (F.L.-G.); (M.C.G.-d.F.)
| | - Fernando Laso-García
- Neurological Sciences and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-F.); (A.T.); (I.C.); (M.F.-F.); (F.L.-G.); (M.C.G.-d.F.)
| | - Mari Carmen Gómez-de Frutos
- Neurological Sciences and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-F.); (A.T.); (I.C.); (M.F.-F.); (F.L.-G.); (M.C.G.-d.F.)
| | - Exuperio Díez-Tejedor
- Neurological Sciences and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-F.); (A.T.); (I.C.); (M.F.-F.); (F.L.-G.); (M.C.G.-d.F.)
- Correspondence: (E.D.-T.); (L.O.-O.); Tel.: +34-91-207-1028 (L.O.-O.)
| | - Laura Otero-Ortega
- Neurological Sciences and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-F.); (A.T.); (I.C.); (M.F.-F.); (F.L.-G.); (M.C.G.-d.F.)
- Correspondence: (E.D.-T.); (L.O.-O.); Tel.: +34-91-207-1028 (L.O.-O.)
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Abstract
The ability of single-cell genomics to resolve cellular heterogeneity is highly appreciated in cancer and is being exploited for precision medicine. In the recent decade, we have witnessed the incorporation of cancer genomics into the clinical decision-making process for molecular-targeted therapies. Compared with conventional genomics, which primarily focuses on the specific and sensitive detection of the molecular targets, single-cell genomics addresses intratumoral heterogeneity and the microenvironmental components impacting the treatment response and resistance. As an exploratory tool, single-cell genomics provides an unprecedented opportunity to improve the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of cancer. The results obtained upon employing bulk cancer genomics indicate that single-cell genomics is at an early stage with respect to exploration of clinical relevance and requires further innovations to become a widely utilized technology in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (N.K.); (H.H.E.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Hye Hyeon Eum
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (N.K.); (H.H.E.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Hae-Ock Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (N.K.); (H.H.E.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2258-8155
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5
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Giordano G, Parcesepe P, Bruno G, Piscazzi A, Lizzi V, Remo A, Pancione M, D’Andrea MR, De Santis E, Coppola L, Pietrafesa M, Fersini A, Ambrosi A, Landriscina M. Evidence-Based Second-Line Treatment in RAS Wild-Type/Mutated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in the Precision Medicine Era. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147717. [PMID: 34299337 PMCID: PMC8307359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Target-oriented agents improve metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) survival in combination with chemotherapy. However, the majority of patients experience disease progression after first-line treatment and are eligible for second-line approaches. In such a context, antiangiogenic and anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) agents as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved as second-line options, and RAS and BRAF mutations and microsatellite status represent the molecular drivers that guide therapeutic choices. Patients harboring K- and N-RAS mutations are not eligible for anti-EGFR treatments, and bevacizumab is the only antiangiogenic agent that improves survival in combination with chemotherapy in first-line, regardless of RAS mutational status. Thus, the choice of an appropriate therapy after the progression to a bevacizumab or an EGFR-based first-line treatment should be evaluated according to the patient and disease characteristics and treatment aims. The continuation of bevacizumab beyond progression or its substitution with another anti-angiogenic agents has been shown to increase survival, whereas anti-EGFR monoclonals represent an option in RAS wild-type patients. In addition, specific molecular subgroups, such as BRAF-mutated and Microsatellite Instability-High (MSI-H) mCRCs represent aggressive malignancies that are poorly responsive to standard therapies and deserve targeted approaches. This review provides a critical overview about the state of the art in mCRC second-line treatment and discusses sequential strategies according to key molecular biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Giordano
- Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.B.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Pietro Parcesepe
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health—Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Bruno
- Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Annamaria Piscazzi
- Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Lizzi
- General Surgey Unit, Policlinico Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Remo
- Pathology Unit “Mater Salutis” Hospital, ULSS9, Legnago, 37045 Verona, Italy;
| | - Massimo Pancione
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy;
| | | | - Elena De Santis
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luigi Coppola
- UOC Anatomia ed Istologia Patologica e Citologia Diagnostica, Dipartimento dei Servizi Diagnostici e della Farmaceutica, Ospedale Sandro Pertini, ASL Roma 2, 00157 Roma, Italy;
| | - Michele Pietrafesa
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture, 85028 Potenza, Italy;
| | - Alberto Fersini
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Antonio Ambrosi
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.B.); (A.P.)
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture, 85028 Potenza, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (M.L.)
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Zhang P, Kitchen-Smith I, Xiong L, Stracquadanio G, Brown K, Richter PH, Wallace MD, Bond E, Sahgal N, Moore S, Nornes S, De Val S, Surakhy M, Sims D, Wang X, Bell DA, Zeron-Medina J, Jiang Y, Ryan AJ, Selfe JL, Shipley J, Kar S, Pharoah PD, Loveday C, Jansen R, Grochola LF, Palles C, Protheroe A, Millar V, Ebner DV, Pagadala M, Blagden SP, Maughan TS, Domingo E, Tomlinson I, Turnbull C, Carter H, Bond GL. Germline and Somatic Genetic Variants in the p53 Pathway Interact to Affect Cancer Risk, Progression, and Drug Response. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1667-1680. [PMID: 33558336 PMCID: PMC10266546 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Insights into oncogenesis derived from cancer susceptibility loci (SNP) hold the potential to facilitate better cancer management and treatment through precision oncology. However, therapeutic insights have thus far been limited by our current lack of understanding regarding both interactions of these loci with somatic cancer driver mutations and their influence on tumorigenesis. For example, although both germline and somatic genetic variation to the p53 tumor suppressor pathway are known to promote tumorigenesis, little is known about the extent to which such variants cooperate to alter pathway activity. Here we hypothesize that cancer risk-associated germline variants interact with somatic TP53 mutational status to modify cancer risk, progression, and response to therapy. Focusing on a cancer risk SNP (rs78378222) with a well-documented ability to directly influence p53 activity as well as integration of germline datasets relating to cancer susceptibility with tumor data capturing somatically-acquired genetic variation provided supportive evidence for this hypothesis. Integration of germline and somatic genetic data enabled identification of a novel entry point for therapeutic manipulation of p53 activities. A cluster of cancer risk SNPs resulted in increased expression of prosurvival p53 target gene KITLG and attenuation of p53-mediated responses to genotoxic therapies, which were reversed by pharmacologic inhibition of the prosurvival c-KIT signal. Together, our results offer evidence of how cancer susceptibility SNPs can interact with cancer driver genes to affect cancer progression and identify novel combinatorial therapies. SIGNIFICANCE: These results offer evidence of how cancer susceptibility SNPs can interact with cancer driver genes to affect cancer progression and present novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac Kitchen-Smith
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lingyun Xiong
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Stracquadanio
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Brown
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp H Richter
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marsha D Wallace
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth Bond
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Sahgal
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Moore
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Svanhild Nornes
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah De Val
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mirvat Surakhy
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Sims
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xuting Wang
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Douglas A Bell
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Jorge Zeron-Medina
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anderson J Ryan
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna L Selfe
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Shipley
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Siddhartha Kar
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D Pharoah
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chey Loveday
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rick Jansen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | | | - Claire Palles
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Protheroe
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Val Millar
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel V Ebner
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Meghana Pagadala
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sarah P Blagden
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy S Maughan
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Enric Domingo
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Turnbull
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Carter
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
| | - Gareth L Bond
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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7
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Carvalho M, Caixeta GAB, Lima ARS, Teófilo MNG, Cruvinel WDM, Gomes CM, Fleury LFF, Paula JAMD, Amaral VCS. Assessing the safety of using the dry extract of Justicia pectoralis Jacq. (Acanthaceae) during pregnancy of Wistar rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 268:113618. [PMID: 33271244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Justicia pectoralis Jacq. (Acanthaceae), popularly known as tilo, chambá and anador, is widely used in folk medicine in Latin American countries as a sedative, anti-anxiety, reducing menopause symptoms and in the treatment of pathologies of the respiratory tract. Although J. pectoralis is widely used by the female population, there are no studies on the safety of using this species during pregnancy. AIM OF THIS STUDY To evaluate the effects of prenatal treatment with dry extract from the aerial parts of J. pectoralis on maternal and developmental toxicity in Wistar rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats (n = 10/group) were treated from gestational day (GD) 0-20 with the vehicle (control group) or with the dry extract of J. pectoralis at doses of 300, 600 or 1200 mg/kg. During pregnancy, clinical signs of toxicity, maternal weight, feed and water intake were evaluated. On GD 21, rats were anesthetized and intracardiac blood was collected to evaluate biochemical parameters. During cesarean section, reproductive performance parameters were recorded. The liver, kidneys, uterus and ovaries were removed for histopathological analysis. Fetuses were examined for possible malformations and/or skeletal and visceral variations. RESULTS Treatment with dry extract of J. pectoralis did not alter weight gain, feed intake or biochemical and maternal reproductive performance parameters There were also no significant histopathological changes in the maternal organs, as well as external, skeletal and visceral malformations in the fetuses. CONCLUSION Oral administration of J. pectoralis dry extract during pregnancy did not induce maternal toxicity or embryotoxic and teratogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielly Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS), Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-400, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-903, Brazil
| | - Graziele Alícia Batista Caixeta
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-903, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Ribeiro Sartor Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS), Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-400, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação de Produtos da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-903, Brazil
| | - Monatha Nayara Guimarães Teófilo
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB-2), Avenida Esperança, S/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Wilson de Melo Cruvinel
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas, EFMB, Avenida Universitária, 1069- Área 4, Bloco K, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, 74605-010, Brazil
| | - Clayson Moura Gomes
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas, EFMB, Avenida Universitária, 1069- Área 4, Bloco K, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, 74605-010, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Fróes Fleury
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas, EFMB, Avenida Universitária, 1069- Área 4, Bloco K, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, 74605-010, Brazil
| | - Joelma Abadia Marciano de Paula
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS), Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-400, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação de Produtos da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-903, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristiane Santana Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS), Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-400, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Br 153, 3105, Anápolis, GO, 75132-903, Brazil.
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Vural S, Palmisano A, Reinhold WC, Pommier Y, Teicher BA, Krushkal J. Association of expression of epigenetic molecular factors with DNA methylation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents in cancer cell lines. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:49. [PMID: 33676569 PMCID: PMC7936435 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered DNA methylation patterns play important roles in cancer development and progression. We examined whether expression levels of genes directly or indirectly involved in DNA methylation and demethylation may be associated with response of cancer cell lines to chemotherapy treatment with a variety of antitumor agents. RESULTS We analyzed 72 genes encoding epigenetic factors directly or indirectly involved in DNA methylation and demethylation processes. We examined association of their pretreatment expression levels with methylation beta-values of individual DNA methylation probes, DNA methylation averaged within gene regions, and average epigenome-wide methylation levels. We analyzed data from 645 cancer cell lines and 23 cancer types from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer datasets. We observed numerous correlations between expression of genes encoding epigenetic factors and response to chemotherapeutic agents. Expression of genes encoding a variety of epigenetic factors, including KDM2B, DNMT1, EHMT2, SETDB1, EZH2, APOBEC3G, and other genes, was correlated with response to multiple agents. DNA methylation of numerous target probes and gene regions was associated with expression of multiple genes encoding epigenetic factors, underscoring complex regulation of epigenome methylation by multiple intersecting molecular pathways. The genes whose expression was associated with methylation of multiple epigenome targets encode DNA methyltransferases, TET DNA methylcytosine dioxygenases, the methylated DNA-binding protein ZBTB38, KDM2B, SETDB1, and other molecular factors which are involved in diverse epigenetic processes affecting DNA methylation. While baseline DNA methylation of numerous epigenome targets was correlated with cell line response to antitumor agents, the complex relationships between the overlapping effects of each epigenetic factor on methylation of specific targets and the importance of such influences in tumor response to individual agents require further investigation. CONCLUSIONS Expression of multiple genes encoding epigenetic factors is associated with drug response and with DNA methylation of numerous epigenome targets that may affect response to therapeutic agents. Our findings suggest complex and interconnected pathways regulating DNA methylation in the epigenome, which may both directly and indirectly affect response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Vural
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Alida Palmisano
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- General Dynamics Information Technology (GDIT), 3150 Fairview Park Drive, Falls Church, VA, 22042, USA
| | - William C Reinhold
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Beverly A Teicher
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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Kim K, Park YW, Kim D, Ahn SS, Moon JH, Kim EH, Lee EJ, Ku CR. Biochemical Remission after Cabergoline Withdrawal in Hyperprolactinemic Patients with Visible Remnant Pituitary Adenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e615-e624. [PMID: 33079168 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dopamine agonists (DAs) are the first-line therapy for prolactinomas. Although pituitary tumors often do not completely disappear, discontinuing DAs in patients with no visible tumor on magnetic resonance imaging is advised. OBJECTIVE To analyze biochemical remission after cabergoline (CAB) withdrawal in patients with visible remnant pituitary tumors. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Severance Hospital. SUBJECTS We identified 734 patients with prolactinomas undergoing CAB therapy for at least 12 months from 2005 to 2018. We selected 44 patients with prolactinomas who discontinued CAB with normal prolactin levels; they were receiving a minimal CAB dose but had visible remnant tumors. RESULTS Median age at diagnosis was 32 (18-58) years, and most patients were women (95.45%). Median treatment duration was 32 (12-120) months. Of 44 patients, 33 continued to have normoprolactinemia, but 11 patients developed hyperprolactinemia after drug withdrawal within 26 (12-97) months. Age, sex, maximal and remnant tumor size, and treatment duration were similar between the groups. The initial prolactin level and chances of cavernous sinus (CS) invasion were higher in the recurrence group. CS invasion at diagnosis was associated with an increased recurrence rate. Although treatment response did not correlate with the initial and final signal intensity assessments, a significant decrease in T2 intensity ratio after 6 months of CAB therapy was observed in the remission group (P = .043). CONCLUSION In patients with visible tumors, the presence of CS invasion at diagnosis may be an unfavorable predictor for biochemical remission after CAB discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungwon Kim
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yae Won Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daham Kim
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Ahn
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyung Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Ryong Ku
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zabka TS, Burkhardt J, Reagan WJ, Gautier JC, Glaab WE, Guffroy M, Harding J, Brees D, McDuffie E, Ramaiah L, Schultze AE, Smith JD, Wolfreys A, Dalmas DA. The use of emerging safety biomarkers in nonclinical and clinical safety assessment - The current and future state: An IQ DruSafe industry survey. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 120:104857. [PMID: 33387566 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies rarely disclose their use of translational emerging safety biomarkers (ESBs) during drug development, and the impact of ESB use on the speed of drug development remains unclear. A cross-industry survey of 20 companies of varying size was conducted to understand current trends in ESB use and future use prospects. The objectives were to: (1) determine current ESB use in nonclinical and clinical drug development and impact on asset advancement; (2) identify opportunities, gaps, and challenges to greater ESB implementation; and (3) benchmark perspectives on regulatory acceptance. Although ESBs were employed in only 5-50% of studies/programs, most companies used ESBs to some extent, with larger companies demonstrating greater nonclinical use. Inclusion of ESBs in investigational new drug applications (INDs) was similar across all companies; however, differences in clinical trial usage could vary among the prevailing health authority (HA). Broader implementation of ESBs requires resource support, cross-industry partnerships, and collaboration with HAs. This includes generating sufficient foundational data, demonstrating nonclinical to clinical translatability and practical utility, and clearly written criteria by HAs to enable qualification. If achieved, ESBs will play a critical role in the development of next-generation, translationally-tailored standard laboratory tests for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja S Zabka
- Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Joanna Harding
- AstraZeneca, Da Vinci Building, Melbourn Science Park, Cambridge Road, Melbourn, Royston, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | | | | | - Lila Ramaiah
- Pfizer, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, NY, USA.
| | - A Eric Schultze
- Lilly Research Laboratories, 893 S Delaware St, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - James D Smith
- Boehringer Ingelheim, 900 Ridgebury Rd, Ridgefield, CT, USA.
| | | | - Deidre A Dalmas
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S. Collegeville Rd, Collegeville, PA, USA.
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11
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Wang T, Lin S, Li H, Liu R, Liu Z, Xu H, Li Q, Bi K. A stepwise integrated multi-system to screen quality markers of Chinese classic prescription Qingzao Jiufei decoction on the treatment of acute lung injury by combining 'network pharmacology-metabolomics-PK/PD modeling'. Phytomedicine 2020; 78:153313. [PMID: 32866904 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we have investigated the therapeutic mechanism of Qingzao Jiufei Decoction (QZJFD), a Chinese classic prescription, on acute lung injury (ALI), however, which remained to be further clarified together with the underlying efficacy related compounds for quality markers (Q-markers). HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To explore Q-markers of QZJFD on ALI by integrating a stepwise multi-system with 'network pharmacology-metabolomics- pharmacokinetic (PK)/ pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling'. METHODS First, based on in vitro and in vivo component analysis, a network pharmacology strategy was developed to identify active components and potential action mechanism of QZJFD on ALI. Next, studies of poly-pharmacology and non-targeted metabolomics were used to elaborate efficacy and verify network pharmacology results. Then, a comparative PK study on active components in network pharmacology was developed to profile their dynamic laws in vivo under ALI, suggesting Q-marker candidates. Next, quantified analytes with marked PK variations after modeling were fitted with characteristic endogenous metabolites along drug concentration-efficacy-time curve in a PK-PD modeling to verify and select primary effective compounds. Finally, Q-markers were further chosen based on representativeness among analytes through validity analysis of PK quantitation of primary effective compounds. RESULTS In virtue of 121 and 33 compounds identified in vitro and in vivo, respectively, 33 absorbed prototype compounds were selected to construct a ternary network of '20 components-47 targets-113 pathways' related to anti-ALI of QZJFD. Predicted mechanism (leukocytes infiltration, cytokines, endogenous metabolism) were successively verified by poly-pharmacology and metabolomics. Next, 18 measurable components were retained from 20 analytes by PK comparison under ALI. Then, 15 primary effective compounds from 18 PK markers were further selected by PK-PD analysis. Finally, 9 representative Q-markers from 15 primary effective compounds attributed to principal (chlorogenic acid), ministerial (methylophiopogonanone A, methylophiopogonanone B), adjuvant (sesamin, ursolic acid, amygdalin), conductant drugs (liquiritin apioside, liquiritigenin and isoliquiritin) in QZJFD, were recognized by substitutability and relevance of plasmatic concentration at various time points. CONCLUSION 9 Q-markers for QZJFD on ALI were identified by a stepwise integration strategy, moreover, which was a powerful tool for screening Q-makers involved with the therapeutic action of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription and promoting the process of TCM modernization and scientification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Song Lin
- Basic Medical Science College, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, 161006, China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huarong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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12
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Zhang J, Wang D, Zhang X, Yang J, Chai X, Wang Y. Application of "spider-web" mode in discovery and identification of Q-markers from Xuefu Zhuyu capsule. Phytomedicine 2020; 77:153273. [PMID: 32663710 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The selection of quality control indicators in a complex system is a key scientific issue for the study of Chinese materia medica (CMM), which is directly related to its safety and efficacy. In order to scientifically understand and control the quality of CMM, quality marker (Q-marker) has been recently raised as a new concept, which provided a novel research idea for the quality control and evaluation of CMM. PURPOSE By a new and integrated "spider-web" mode, Q-markers of Xuefu Zhuyu capsule (XZC) were comprehensively uncovered, conducing to great improvement of quality control of XZC. METHODS Mainly established by three dimensions derived from six variables including content, stability and activity, "spider-web" mode was constructed to evaluate Q-marker property of candidate compounds by taking regression area of the tested compounds into account. RESULTS The candidate compounds with larger regression area were preferentially adopted as Q-markers, which should possess the satisfactorily integrated properties of content, stability and activity. Six compounds, naringin, isoliquiritin, paeoniflorin, protocatechuic acid, neohesperidin and ferulic acid, were identified and preferred as Q-markers of XZC. CONCLUSION Based on "spider-web" mode, Q-markers from Xuefu Zhuyu capsule were successfully screened, which would substantially perform quality control of XZC and prove the feasibility of "spider-web" mode in solving the selection of quality control indicators from compound formulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Danni Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xin Chai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
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13
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Huang WK, Yeh CN. The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Regulating the Drug Response of Cholangiocarcinoma. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101396. [PMID: 33007962 PMCID: PMC7600158 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common biliary malignancy, and has a poor prognosis. The median overall survival with the standard-of-care chemotherapy (Gemcitabine and cisplatin) in patients with advanced-stage CCA is less than one year. The limited efficacy of chemotherapy or targeted therapy remains a major obstacle to improving survival. The mechanisms involved in drug resistance are complex. Research efforts focusing on the distinct molecular mechanisms underlying drug resistance should prompt the development of treatment strategies that overcome chemoresistance or targeted drug resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily conserved, short noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Dysregulated miRNAs have been shown to participate in almost all CCA hallmarks, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion, apoptosis, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Emerging evidence demonstrates that miRNAs play a role in regulating responses to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Herein, we present an overview of the current knowledge on the miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms underlying drug resistance among CCA. We also discuss the application of miRNA-based therapeutics to CCA, providing the basis for innovative treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kuan Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- Department of Surgery and Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3281200
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Feldt-Rasmussen U, Hughes D, Sunder-Plassmann G, Shankar S, Nedd K, Olivotto I, Ortiz D, Ohashi T, Hamazaki T, Skuban N, Yu J, Barth JA, Nicholls K. Long-term efficacy and safety of migalastat treatment in Fabry disease: 30-month results from the open-label extension of the randomized, phase 3 ATTRACT study. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 131:219-228. [PMID: 33012654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Results from the 18-month randomized treatment period of the phase 3 ATTRACT study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of oral migalastat compared with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in patients with Fabry disease who previously received ERT. Here, we report data from the subsequent 12-month, migalastat-only, open-label extension (OLE) period. ATTRACT (Study AT1001-012; NCT01218659) was a randomized, open-label, active-controlled study in patients aged 16-74 years with Fabry disease, an amenable GLA variant, and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2. During the OLE, patients who received migalastat 150 mg every other day (QOD) during the randomized period continued receiving migalastat (Group 1 [MM]); patients who received ERT every other week discontinued ERT and started migalastat treatment (Group 2 [EM]). Outcome measures included eGFR, left ventricular mass index (LVMi), composite clinical outcome (renal, cardiac or cerebrovascular events), and safety. Forty-six patients who completed the randomized treatment period continued into the OLE (Group 1 [MM], n = 31; Group 2 [EM], n = 15). eGFR remained stable in both treatment groups. LVMi decreased from baseline at month 30 in Group 1 (MM) in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy at baseline. Only 10% of patients experienced a new composite clinical event with migalastat treatment during the OLE. No new safety concerns were reported. In conclusion, in patients with Fabry disease and amenable GLA variants, migalastat 150 mg QOD was well tolerated and demonstrated durable, long-term stability of renal function and reduction in LVMi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
- Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Derralynn Hughes
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust and University College London, London, UK
| | - Gere Sunder-Plassmann
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Suma Shankar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Khan Nedd
- Infusion Associates, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Iacopo Olivotto
- Cardiomyopathy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Damara Ortiz
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Takashi Hamazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nina Skuban
- Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Cranbury, NJ, USA
| | - Julie Yu
- Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Cranbury, NJ, USA
| | - Jay A Barth
- Amicus Therapeutics, Inc., Cranbury, NJ, USA
| | - Kathleen Nicholls
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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15
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Wang Z, Guo X, Gao L, Deng K, Lian W, Bao X, Feng M, Duan L, Zhu H, Xing B. The Immune Profile of Pituitary Adenomas and a Novel Immune Classification for Predicting Immunotherapy Responsiveness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5870365. [PMID: 32652004 PMCID: PMC7413599 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The tumor immune microenvironment is associated with clinical outcomes and immunotherapy responsiveness. OBJECTIVE To investigate the intratumoral immune profile of pituitary adenomas (PAs) and its clinical relevance and to explore a novel immune classification for predicting immunotherapy responsiveness. DESIGN, PATIENTS, AND METHODS The transcriptomic data from 259 PAs and 20 normal pituitaries were included for analysis. The ImmuCellAI algorithm was used to estimate the abundance of 24 types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules (ICMs). RESULTS The distributions of TIICs differed between PAs and normal pituitaries and varied among PA subtypes. T cells dominated the immune microenvironment across all subtypes of PAs. The tumor size and patient age were correlated with the TIIC abundance, and the ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8) mutation in corticotroph adenomas influenced the intratumoral TIIC distributions. Three immune clusters were identified across PAs based on the TIIC distributions. Each cluster of PAs showed unique features of ICM expression that were correlated with distinct pathways related to tumor development and progression. CTLA4/CD86 expression was upregulated in cluster 1, whereas programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD1/PD-L2) expression was upregulated in cluster 2. Clusters 1 and 2 exhibited a "hot" immune microenvironment and were predicted to exhibit higher immunotherapy responsiveness than cluster 3, which exhibited an overall "cold" immune microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS We summarized the immune profile of PAs and identified 3 novel immune clusters. These findings establish a foundation for further immune studies on PAs and provide new insights into immunotherapy strategies for PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Kan Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xinjie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ming Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bing Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- China Pituitary Adenoma Specialist Council, Beijing, P. R. China
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Bing Xing, Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, P. R. China. E-mail:
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16
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Coopmans EC, Korevaar TIM, van Meyel SWF, Daly AF, Chanson P, Brue T, Delemer B, Hána V, Colao A, Carvalho D, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Stalla GK, Fajardo-Montañana C, Beckers A, van der Lely AJ, Petrossians P, Neggers SJCMM. Multivariable Prediction Model for Biochemical Response to First-Generation Somatostatin Receptor Ligands in Acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5863389. [PMID: 32589751 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT First-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fg-SRLs) represent the mainstay of medical therapy for acromegaly, but they provide biochemical control of disease in only a subset of patients. Various pretreatment biomarkers might affect biochemical response to fg-SRLs. OBJECTIVE To identify clinical predictors of the biochemical response to fg-SRLs monotherapy defined as biochemical response (insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 ≤ 1.3 × ULN (upper limit of normal)), partial response (>20% relative IGF-1 reduction without normalization), and nonresponse (≤20% relative IGF-1 reduction), and IGF-1 reduction. DESIGN Retrospective multicenter study. SETTING Eight participating European centers. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of participant data from 2 cohorts (Rotterdam and Liège acromegaly survey, 622 out of 3520 patients). Multivariable regression models were used to identify predictors of biochemical response to fg-SRL monotherapy. RESULTS Lower IGF-1 concentration at baseline (odds ratio (OR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72-0.95 IGF-1 ULN, P = .0073) and lower bodyweight (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99 kg, P = .038) were associated with biochemical response. Higher IGF-1 concentration at baseline (OR = 1.40, (1.19-1.65) IGF-1 ULN, P ≤ .0001), the presence of type 2 diabetes (oral medication OR = 2.48, (1.43-4.29), P = .0013; insulin therapy OR = 2.65, (1.02-6.70), P = .045), and higher bodyweight (OR = 1.02, (1.01-1.04) kg, P = .0023) were associated with achieving partial response. Younger patients at diagnosis are more likely to achieve nonresponse (OR = 0.96, (0.94-0.99) year, P = .0070). Baseline IGF-1 and growth hormone concentration at diagnosis were associated with absolute IGF-1 reduction (β = 0.90, standard error (SE) = 0.02, P ≤ .0001 and β = 0.002, SE = 0.001, P = .014, respectively). CONCLUSION Baseline IGF-1 concentration was the best predictor of biochemical response to fg-SRL, followed by bodyweight, while younger patients were more likely to achieve nonresponse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C Coopmans
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology section, Pituitary Center Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tim I M Korevaar
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology section, Pituitary Center Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan W F van Meyel
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology section, Pituitary Center Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adrian F Daly
- Endocrinologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Chanson
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'Hypophyse, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Signalisation Hormonale, Physiopathologie Endocrinienne et Métabolique, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Thierry Brue
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Conception, Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Maladies Métaboliques, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares d'Origine Hypophysaire, Marseille, France
| | - Brigitte Delemer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University Hospital of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Václav Hána
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, First Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Carvalho
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Section and Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Centro Hospitalar S. João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marie-Lise Jaffrain-Rea
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila and Neuromed, IRCCS, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Günter K Stalla
- Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Albert Beckers
- Endocrinologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Aart J van der Lely
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology section, Pituitary Center Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Petrossians
- Endocrinologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sebastian J C M M Neggers
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology section, Pituitary Center Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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17
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Javdan B, Lopez JG, Chankhamjon P, Lee YCJ, Hull R, Wu Q, Wang X, Chatterjee S, Donia MS. Personalized Mapping of Drug Metabolism by the Human Gut Microbiome. Cell 2020; 181:1661-1679.e22. [PMID: 32526207 PMCID: PMC8591631 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome harbors hundreds of bacterial species with diverse biochemical capabilities. Dozens of drugs have been shown to be metabolized by single isolates from the gut microbiome, but the extent of this phenomenon is rarely explored in the context of microbial communities. Here, we develop a quantitative experimental framework for mapping the ability of the human gut microbiome to metabolize small molecule drugs: Microbiome-Derived Metabolism (MDM)-Screen. Included are a batch culturing system for sustained growth of subject-specific gut microbial communities, an ex vivo drug metabolism screen, and targeted and untargeted functional metagenomic screens to identify microbiome-encoded genes responsible for specific metabolic events. Our framework identifies novel drug-microbiome interactions that vary between individuals and demonstrates how the gut microbiome might be used in drug development and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Javdan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jaime G Lopez
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | | | - Ying-Chiang J Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Raphaella Hull
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Qihao Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Seema Chatterjee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Mohamed S Donia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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Kodidela S, Dorababu P, Thakkar DN, Dubashi B, Sundaram R, Muralidharan N, Nidanapu RP, Aribandi A, Pradhan SC, Uppugunduri CRS. Association of NUDT15*3 and FPGS 2572C>T Variants with the Risk of Early Hematologic Toxicity During 6-MP and Low-Dose Methotrexate-Based Maintenance Therapy in Indian Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060594. [PMID: 32481505 PMCID: PMC7349017 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants influencing the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of the chemotherapeutic drugs used in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) therapy often contribute to the occurrence of treatment related toxicity (TRT). In this study, we explored the association of candidate genetic variants with early hematological TRT (grade 3–4) occurring within the first 100 days of low-dose methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine based maintenance therapy (n = 73). Fourteen variants in the following candidate genes were genotyped using allele discrimination assay by real-time PCR: ABCB1, DHFR, GGH, FPGS, MTHFR, RFC1, SLCO1B1, TPMT, and NUDT15. Methotrexate polyglutamate (MTXPG3-5) levels in red blood cells were measured by LC-MS/MS. Early hematological TRT (grade 3–4) was seen in 54.9% of patients. The NUDT15c.415T allele was associated with early TRT occurrence [HR: 3.04 (95% CI: 1.5–6.1); p = 0.007]. Sensitivity of early TRT prediction improved (from 30.7% to 89.7%) by considering FPGS variant (rs1544105’T’) carrier status along with NUDT15c.415T allele [HR = 2.7 (1.5–4.7, p = 0.008)]. None of the considered genetic variants were associated with MTXPG3-5 levels, which in turn were not associated with early TRT. NUDT15c.415T allele carrier status could be used as a stratifying marker for Indian ALL patients to distinguish patients at high or low risk of developing early hematological TRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Kodidela
- College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Heath Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (C.R.S.U.)
| | - Patchava Dorababu
- Department of Pharmacology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad 500090, India;
| | - Dimpal N. Thakkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry 605006, India; (D.N.T.); (R.S.); (R.P.N.)
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry 605006, India;
| | - Rajan Sundaram
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry 605006, India; (D.N.T.); (R.S.); (R.P.N.)
| | - Niveditha Muralidharan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry 605006, India;
| | - Ravi Prasad Nidanapu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry 605006, India; (D.N.T.); (R.S.); (R.P.N.)
| | - Anil Aribandi
- Division of Haemato-Oncology, Care Hospitals, Hyderabad 500019, India;
- American Oncology Institute, Nallagandla Serilingampalli, Hyderabad 500019, India
| | - Suresh Chandra Pradhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751024, India;
| | - Chakradhara Rao Satyanarayana Uppugunduri
- Onco-Hematology Unit, Research Platform of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (C.R.S.U.)
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Wentworth JM, Bediaga NG, Gitelman SE, Evans-Molina C, Gottlieb PA, Colman PG, Haller MJ, Harrison LC. Clinical trial data validate the C-peptide estimate model in type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2020; 63:885-886. [PMID: 31982961 PMCID: PMC8159479 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John M Wentworth
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Population Health and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Naiara G Bediaga
- Department of Population Health and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Stephen E Gitelman
- Pediatric Diabetes, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carmela Evans-Molina
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Peter A Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Peter G Colman
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J Haller
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leonard C Harrison
- Department of Population Health and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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Choi MY, Jee D, Kwon JW. Characteristics of diabetic macular edema patients refractory to anti-VEGF treatments and a dexamethasone implant. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222364. [PMID: 31513661 PMCID: PMC6742354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the characteristics of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients refractory to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treatments and an additional dexamethasone implant. Methods We classified 119 DME patients according to whether or not they are responsive to 3 consecutive monthly anti-VEGF treatments and/or an additional dexamethasone implant. We compared their concentrations of IL (interleukin)-1β, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, placental growth factor (PlGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the aqueous humor as well as their optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, and baseline characteristics. We used logistic regression analyses to identify preoperative factors related to refractoriness to treatments. Results Of 119 treatment-naïve DME patients, 50 (42.02%) patients showed responsiveness [central subfield thickness (CST) < 300μm] after 3 IVBs, and 59 (49.58%) patients showed responsiveness after an additional dexamethasone implant, but 10 (8.40%) patients showed CST 300 ≥ μm even after both treatments. Refractory DME patients showed significantly higher number of hyperreflective foci (HF) in the OCT and higher average level of aqueous IL-1β at baseline (p<0.001 and p = 0.042, respectively). In the logistic regression analysis, higher number of HF in the OCT was associated with the refractoriness to both treatments (odds ratio [OR]: 7.03, p = 0.007) Conclusions Higher number of HF in the OCT at the initial visit was associated with poor responses to IVBs and an additional dexamethasone implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Young Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Donghyun Jee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin-woo Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
- * E-mail:
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21
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Dobrotkova V, Chlapek P, Jezova M, Adamkova K, Mazanek P, Sterba J, Veselska R. Prediction of neuroblastoma cell response to treatment with natural or synthetic retinoids using selected protein biomarkers. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218269. [PMID: 31188873 PMCID: PMC6561640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the administration of retinoids represents an important part of treatment for children suffering from high-risk neuroblastomas, approximately 50% of these patients do not respond to this therapy or develop resistance to retinoids during treatment. Our study focused on the comparative analysis of the expression of five genes and corresponding proteins (DDX39A, HMGA1, HMGA2, HOXC9 and PBX1) that have recently been discussed as possible predictive biomarkers of clinical response to retinoid differentiation therapy. Expression of these five candidate biomarkers was evaluated at both the mRNA and protein level in the same subset of 8 neuroblastoma cell lines after treatment with natural or synthetic retinoids. We found that the cell lines that were HMGA2-positive and/or HOXC9-negative have a reduced sensitivity to retinoids. Furthermore, the experiments revealed that the retinoid-sensitive cell lines showed a uniform pattern of change after treatment with both natural and sensitive retinoids: increased DDX39A and decreased PBX1 protein levels. Our results showed that in NBL cells, these putative protein biomarkers are associated with sensitivity or resistance to retinoids, and their endogenous or induced expression can distinguish between these two phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viera Dobrotkova
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Pekarska, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Chlapek
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Pekarska, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Jezova
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavska, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Adamkova
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mazanek
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Cernopolni, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Sterba
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Pekarska, Czech Republic
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Cernopolni, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Veselska
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Pekarska, Czech Republic
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Cernopolni, Czech Republic
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Li G, Zhang N, Geng F, Liu G, Liu B, Lei X, Li G, Chen X. High-throughput metabolomics and ingenuity pathway approach reveals the pharmacological effect and targets of Ginsenoside Rg1 in Alzheimer's disease mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7040. [PMID: 31065079 PMCID: PMC6504884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43537-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1, a natural triterpenoid saponins compound isolated from the Panax species, has been found to possess neuroprotective properties in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its pharmacological mechanism on AD has not been studied. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) based non-targeted metabolomics strategy was performed to explore the mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 protecting against AD mice by characterizing metabolic biomarkers and regulation pathways changes. A total of nineteen potential metabolites in serum were discovered and identified to manifest the difference between wild-type mice and triple transgenic mice in control and model group, respectively. Fourteen potential metabolites involved in ten metabolic pathways such as linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism were affected by Rg1. From the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) platform, the relationship between gene, protein, metabolites alteration and protective activity of ginsenoside Rg1 in AD mice are deeply resolved, which refers to increased level of albumin, amino acid metabolism and molecular transport. In addition, quantitative analysis of key enzymes in the disturbed pathways by proteomics parallel reaction was employed to verify changed metabolic pathway under Ginsenoside Rg1. The UPLC-Q/TOF-MS based serum metabolomics method brings about new insights into the pharmacodynamic studies of Ginsenoside Rg1 on AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Li
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Xuanwei Avenue 138, Jinghong City, 666100, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Guanghua Street 39, Qianjin District, Jiamusi City, 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fang Geng
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Shida Road No. 1, Limin Economic Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Guanghua Street 39, Qianjin District, Jiamusi City, 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xia Lei
- College of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Guanghua Street 39, Qianjin District, Jiamusi City, 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guang Li
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Xuanwei Avenue 138, Jinghong City, 666100, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Xuanwei Avenue 138, Jinghong City, 666100, Yunnan Province, China.
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Schreiber K, Nocturne G, Cornec D, Daïen CI. Lymphocytes as Biomarkers of Therapeutic Response in Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases, Is It a Realistic Goal? Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 53:277-290. [PMID: 28560621 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-017-8614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Many therapies are available for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) while biological therapies have limited effects in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). In both cases, biomarkers predicting drug response would be very useful to guide clinicians in their choice. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the value of lymphocyte phenotyping as a marker of therapeutic response. Of the 1063 articles retrieved, 39 fulfilled inclusion criteria and were included in the present review (25 for RA, 10 for SLE, and 4 for pSS). Lymphocyte phenotyping was described as a biomarker of therapeutic response in many studies, but most results could not be confirmed by independent teams using multivariate analysis. The most consistent result might be the association between rituximab response and the levels of memory B cells before therapy, although some studies were controversial. Thus, lymphocyte phenotyping cannot yet be proposed as a biomarker of response in rheumatic autoimmune diseases. The lack of reproducibility between studies may be explained by technical issues influencing lymphocyte phenotyping so standardization procedures should be developed for future studies. The patients' characteristics vary between studies, and large population studies, including a wide range of patients' characteristics and biomarkers, are required to provide predictive models for clinical outcomes. The use of new flow cytometry techniques such as single-cell mass cytometry technology might also help finder reliable biomarkers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Schreiber
- Rheumatology Department, Lapeyronie Hospital and Montpellier I University, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Claire I Daïen
- Rheumatology Department, Lapeyronie Hospital and Montpellier I University, Montpellier, France.
- Institute of Molecular Genetic, UMR 5535, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
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Blasco H, Patin F, Descat A, Garçon G, Corcia P, Gelé P, Lenglet T, Bede P, Meininger V, Devos D, Gossens JF, Pradat PF. A pharmaco-metabolomics approach in a clinical trial of ALS: Identification of predictive markers of progression. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198116. [PMID: 29870556 PMCID: PMC5988280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent and unmet need for accurate biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. A pharmaco-metabolomics study was conducted using plasma samples from the TRO19622 (olesoxime) trial to assess the link between early metabolomic profiles and clinical outcomes. Patients included in this trial were randomized into either Group O receiving olesoxime (n = 38) or Group P receiving placebo (n = 36). The metabolomic profile was assessed at time-point one (V1) and 12 months (V12) after the initiation of the treatment. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify 188 metabolites (Biocrates® commercial kit). Multivariate analysis based on machine learning approaches (i.e. Biosigner algorithm) was performed. Metabolomic profiles at V1 and V12 and changes in metabolomic profiles between V1 and V12 accurately discriminated between Groups O and P (p<5×10–6), and identified glycine, kynurenine and citrulline/arginine as the best predictors of group membership. Changes in metabolomic profiles were closely linked to clinical progression, and correlated with glutamine levels in Group P and amino acids, lipids and spermidine levels in Group O. Multivariate models accurately predicted disease progression and highlighted the discriminant role of sphingomyelins (SM C22:3, SM C24:1, SM OH C22:2, SM C16:1). To predict SVC from SM C24:1 in group O and SVC from SM OH C22:2 and SM C16:1 in group P+O, we noted a median sensitivity between 67% and 100%, a specificity between 66.7 and 71.4%, a positive predictive value between 66 and 75% and a negative predictive value between 70% and 100% in the test sets. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that the metabolomics has a role in evaluating the biological effect of an investigational drug and may be a candidate biomarker as a secondary outcome measure in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Blasco
- Université François-Rabelais, Inserm, Tours, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Franck Patin
- Université François-Rabelais, Inserm, Tours, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Amandine Descat
- Centre Universitaire de Mesures et d'Analyses (CUMA), EA, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Garçon
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA, IMPECS, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Université François-Rabelais, Inserm, Tours, France
- Centre SLA, Service de Neurologie, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Patrick Gelé
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Timothée Lenglet
- Département des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Centre Référent Maladie Rare SLA, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Peter Bede
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale,Paris, France
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - David Devos
- INSERM U1171, Pharmacologie Médicale & Neurologie, Université, Faculté de Médecine, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean François Gossens
- Centre Universitaire de Mesures et d'Analyses (CUMA), EA, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Pierre-François Pradat
- Département des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Centre Référent Maladie Rare SLA, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale,Paris, France
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute Ulster University, C-TRIC, Altnagelvin Hospital, Derry/Londonderry, United Kingdom
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25
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Hearn JWD, Xie W, Nakabayashi M, Almassi N, Reichard CA, Pomerantz M, Kantoff PW, Sharifi N. Association of HSD3B1 Genotype With Response to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Biochemical Recurrence After Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer. JAMA Oncol 2018; 4:558-562. [PMID: 29049492 PMCID: PMC5933377 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.3164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The variant HSD3B1 (1245C) allele enhances dihydrotestosterone synthesis and predicts resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after prostatectomy and for metastatic disease. Whether this is true after radiotherapy is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the HSD3B1 (1245C) allele predicts worse clinical outcomes from ADT for biochemical recurrence after radiotherapy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Prostate Clinical Research Information System at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute was used to identify the study cohort, which included men treated with ADT for biochemical recurrence after primary radiotherapy between 1996 and 2013. We retrospectively determined HSD3B1 genotype. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Time to progression, time to metastasis, and overall survival according to genotype. Demographic and treatment characteristics were evaluated for confounders. Multivariable analyses were performed to adjust for known prognostic factors. RESULTS A total of 218 eligible men were identified, of whom 213 (98%) were successfully genotyped. Of these, 97 of 213 (46%), 96 of 213 (45%) and 20 of 213 (9%) carried 0, 1, and 2 variant alleles. Overall variant allele frequency was 136 of 426 alleles (32%). Median patient age (interquartile range) was 69 (63-74), 72 (65-78), and 69 (65-77) years for 0, 1, and 2 variant alleles (P = .03). Demographic and treatment factors were otherwise similar. During a median follow-up of 7.9 years, median time to progression was 2.3 years (95% CI, 1.6-3.1 years) with 0 variant alleles, 2.3 years (95% CI, 1.5-3.3 years) with 1 variant allele, and 1.4 years (95% CI, 0.7-3.3 years) with 2 variant alleles (P = .68). Median time to metastasis diminished with the number of variant alleles inherited: 7.4 (95% CI, 6.7-9.7), 5.8 (95% CI, 4.9-6.5), and 4.4 (95% CI, 3.0-5.7) years, with inheritance of 0, 1, and 2 variant alleles, respectively (P = .03). Median OS was 7.7 (95% CI, 6.7-10.3), 6.9 (95% CI, 5.8-8.4), and 7.2 (95% CI, 3.8-7.9) years with inheritance of 0, 1, and 2 variant alleles, respectively (P = .31). On multivariable analysis with 0 variant alleles as the reference, the adjusted hazard ratio for metastasis was 1.19 (95% CI, 0.74-1.92) (P = .48) for 1 variant allele and 2.01 (95% CI, 1.02-3.97) (P = .045) for 2 variant alleles. Multivariable analysis did not demonstrate significant differences in TTP or OS. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, the HSD3B1 (1245C) allele was associated with more rapid development of metastases in men treated with ADT for biochemical recurrence after primary radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Notably, 105 of 213 men (49%) had received prior ADT, and 119 of 213 (56%) received an androgen receptor antagonist during salvage treatment, both of which may attenuate the effect of the variant allele.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Alleles
- Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Pharmacological/analysis
- Biomarkers, Pharmacological/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Disease Progression
- Genetic Association Studies
- Genotype
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Multienzyme Complexes/genetics
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/metabolism
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Progesterone Reductase/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Retrospective Studies
- Steroid Isomerases/genetics
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wanling Xie
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mari Nakabayashi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nima Almassi
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Chad A. Reichard
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mark Pomerantz
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Philip W. Kantoff
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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26
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Galli G, Corrao G, Imbimbo M, Proto C, Signorelli D, Ganzinelli M, Zilembo N, Vitali M, de Braud F, Garassino MC, Lo Russo G. Uncommon mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor and response to first and second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A case series and literature review. Lung Cancer 2017; 115:135-142. [PMID: 29290256 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the most common driver gene involved in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) growth, being found in approximately 10-15% of Caucasian and 40% of Asian patients. A wide variety of pathogenic mutations, deletions, insertions and duplications have been described in EGFR exons 18-21. The presence of the most common among them (e.g. exon 21 L851R and exon 19 deletions) is associated to response to first and second generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which have demonstrated clear superiority over chemotherapy in terms of both progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in all treatment lines. However, scarcity of data exists in literature about the response of rarer EGFR alterations to first and second generation TKIs, most works consisting in sporadic case reports and small case series. In this review we aim to discuss the available evidence about this topic, in order to derive suggestions for clinical practice. Furthermore, we report seven cases of patients with lung tumors harboring uncommon EGFR mutations, treated in our Institution with first or second generation TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Galli
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Corrao
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Imbimbo
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Proto
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Signorelli
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Ganzinelli
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Zilembo
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Vitali
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy; Medical Oncology Department, University of Milan, via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Chiara Garassino
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lo Russo
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Knight JC, Mosley MJ, Bravo LC, Kersemans V, Allen PD, Mukherjee S, O'Neill E, Cornelissen B. 89Zr-anti-γH2AX-TAT but not 18F-FDG Allows Early Monitoring of Response to Chemotherapy in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6498-6504. [PMID: 28774899 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Late-stage, unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is largely resistant to chemotherapy and consequently has a very poor 5-year survival rate of <5%. The ability to assess the efficacy of a treatment soon after its initiation would enable rapid switching to potentially more effective therapies if the current treatment is found to be futile. We have evaluated the ability of the PET imaging agent, 89Zr-anti-γH2AX-TAT, to monitor DNA damage in response to fluorouracil (5-FU), gemcitabine, or capecitabine treatment in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. We have also compared the utility of this approach against the standard clinical PET radiotracer, 18F-FDG.Experimental Design: C57BL/6 mice bearing subcutaneous pancreatic cancer (KPC; B8484) allografts were treated with 5-FU, gemcitabine, or capecitabine. Therapeutic response was monitored by PET and ex vivo biodistribution experiments using either 89Zr-anti-γH2AX-TAT or 18F-FDG as imaging agents. To further examine the effect of therapeutic response upon uptake of these imaging agents, IHC analysis of harvested tumor allograft tissue was also performed.Results: Accumulation of 89Zr-anti-γH2AX-TAT in the tumors of mice that received chemotherapy was higher compared with vehicle-treated mice and was shown to be specifically mediated by γH2AX. In contrast, 18F-FDG did not provide useful indications of therapeutic response.Conclusions:89Zr-anti-γH2AX-TAT has shown a superior ability to monitor early therapeutic responses to chemotherapy by PET imaging compared with 18F-FDG in an allograft model of PDAC in mice. Clin Cancer Res; 23(21); 6498-504. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Knight
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Mosley
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Luisa Contreras Bravo
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Veerle Kersemans
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Danny Allen
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eric O'Neill
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bart Cornelissen
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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28
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Bystrom J, Clanchy FI, Taher TE, Al-Bogami MM, Muhammad HA, Alzabin S, Mangat P, Jawad AS, Williams RO, Mageed RA. Response to Treatment with TNFα Inhibitors in Rheumatoid Arthritis Is Associated with High Levels of GM-CSF and GM-CSF + T Lymphocytes. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2017; 53:265-276. [PMID: 28488248 PMCID: PMC5597702 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-017-8610-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biologic TNFα inhibitors are a mainstay treatment option for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) refractory to other treatment options. However, many patients either do not respond or relapse after initially responding to these agents. This study was carried out to identify biomarkers that can distinguish responder from non-responder patients before the initiation of treatment. The level of cytokines in plasma and those produced by ex vivo T cells, B cells and monocytes in 97 RA patients treated with biologic TNFα inhibitors was measured before treatment and after 1 and 3 months of treatment by multiplex analyses. The frequency of T cell subsets and intracellular cytokines were determined by flow cytometry. The results reveal that pre-treatment, T cells from patients who went on to respond to treatment with biologic anti-TNFα agents produced significantly more GM-CSF than non-responder patients. Furthermore, immune cells from responder patients produced higher levels of IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6. Cytokine profiling in the blood of patients confirmed the association between high levels of GM-CSF and responsiveness to biologic anti-TNFα agents. Thus, high blood levels of GM-CSF pre-treatment had a positive predictive value of 87.5% (61.6 to 98.5% at 95% CI) in treated RA patients. The study also shows that cells from most anti-TNFα responder patients in the current cohort produced higher levels of GM-CSF and TNFα pre-treatment than non-responder patients. Findings from the current study and our previous observations that non-responsiveness to anti-TNFα is associated with high IL-17 levels suggest that the disease in responder and non-responder RA patients is likely to be driven/sustained by different inflammatory pathways. The use of biomarker signatures of distinct pro-inflammatory pathways could lead to evidence-based prescription of the most appropriate biological therapies for different RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bystrom
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Felix I Clanchy
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Taher E Taher
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Mohammed M Al-Bogami
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hawzheen A Muhammad
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Saba Alzabin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Pamela Mangat
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Free Hospital, NHS Fundation Trust London, London, UK
| | - Ali S Jawad
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | | | - Rizgar A Mageed
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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29
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Anthony NG, Baiget J, Berretta G, Boyd M, Breen D, Edwards J, Gamble C, Gray AI, Harvey AL, Hatziieremia S, Ho KH, Huggan JK, Lang S, Llona-Minguez S, Luo JL, McIntosh K, Paul A, Plevin RJ, Robertson MN, Scott R, Suckling CJ, Sutcliffe OB, Young LC, Mackay SP. Inhibitory Kappa B Kinase α (IKKα) Inhibitors That Recapitulate Their Selectivity in Cells against Isoform-Related Biomarkers. J Med Chem 2017; 60:7043-7066. [PMID: 28737909 PMCID: PMC5578373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
IKKβ plays a central role in the canonical NF-kB pathway, which has been extensively characterized. The role of IKKα in the noncanonical NF-kB pathway, and indeed in the canonical pathway as a complex with IKKβ, is less well understood. One major reason for this is the absence of chemical tools designed as selective inhibitors for IKKα over IKKβ. Herein, we report for the first time a series of novel, potent, and selective inhibitors of IKKα. We demonstrate effective target engagement and selectivity with IKKα in U2OS cells through inhibition of IKKα-driven p100 phosphorylation in the noncanonical NF-kB pathway without affecting IKKβ-dependent IKappa-Bα loss in the canonical pathway. These compounds represent the first chemical tools that can be used to further characterize the role of IKKα in cellular signaling, to dissect this from IKKβ and to validate it in its own right as a target in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoum G. Anthony
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Jessica Baiget
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Giacomo Berretta
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Marie Boyd
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - David Breen
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute
of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Carly Gamble
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Alexander I. Gray
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Alan L. Harvey
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Sophia Hatziieremia
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Ka Ho Ho
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Judith K. Huggan
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Stuart Lang
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sabin Llona-Minguez
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Jia Lin Luo
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Kathryn McIntosh
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Andrew Paul
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Robin J. Plevin
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Murray N. Robertson
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Scott
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Colin J. Suckling
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver B. Sutcliffe
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Louise C. Young
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
| | - Simon P. Mackay
- Strathclyde Institute
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University
of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, United
Kingdom
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30
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Ziemke M, Patil T, Nolan K, Tippimanchai D, Malkoski SP. Reduced Smad4 expression and DNA topoisomerase inhibitor chemosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2017; 109:28-35. [PMID: 28577946 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smad4 is a tumor suppressor that transduces transforming growth factor beta signaling and regulates genomic stability. We previously found that Smad4 knockdown in vitro inhibited DNA repair and increased sensitivity to DNA topoisomerase inhibitors. In this study, we assessed the association between reduced Smad4 expression and DNA topoisomerase inhibitor sensitivity in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and evaluated the relationship between genomic alterations of Smad4 and molecular alterations in DNA repair molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively identified NSCLC patients who received etoposide or gemcitabine. Chemotherapeutic response was quantified by RECIST 1.1 criteria and Smad4 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Relationships between Smad4 mutation and DNA repair molecule mutations were evaluated using publically available datasets. RESULTS We identified 28 individuals who received 30 treatments with gemcitabine or etoposide containing regimens for NSCLC. Reduced Smad4 expression was seen in 13/28 patients and was not associated with significant differences in clinical or pathologic parameters. Patients with reduced Smad4 expression had a larger response to DNA topoisomerase inhibitor containing regimens then patients with high Smad4 expression (-25.7% vs. -6.8% in lesion size, p=0.03); this relationship was more pronounced with gemcitabine containing regimens. The overall treatment response was higher in patients with reduced Smad4 expression (8/14 vs 2/16 p=0.02). Analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed that Smad4 mutation or homozygous loss was mutually exclusive with genomic alterations in DNA repair molecules. CONCLUSIONS Reduced Smad4 expression may predict responsiveness to regimens that contain DNA topoisomerase inhibitors. That Smad4 signaling alterations are mutually exclusive with alterations in DNA repair machinery is consistent with an important role of Smad4 in regulating DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ziemke
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Tejas Patil
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Divison of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kyle Nolan
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Darinee Tippimanchai
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Stephen P Malkoski
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
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Fitzpatrick AM, Stephenson ST, Brown MR, Nguyen K, Douglas S, Brown LAS. Systemic Corticosteroid Responses in Children with Severe Asthma: Phenotypic and Endotypic Features. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2016; 5:410-419.e4. [PMID: 27665382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe asthma in children is a heterogeneous disorder associated with variable responses to corticosteroid treatment. Criterion standards for corticosteroid responsiveness assessment in children are lacking. OBJECTIVE This study sought to characterize systemic corticosteroid responses in children with severe asthma after treatment with intramuscular triamcinolone and to identify phenotypic and molecular predictors of an intramuscular triamcinolone response. METHODS Asthma-related quality of life, exhaled nitric oxide, blood eosinophils, lung function, and inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed in 56 children with severe asthma at baseline and 14 days after intramuscular triamcinolone injection. The Asthma Control Questionnaire was used to classify children with severe asthma into corticosteroid response groups. RESULTS Three groups of children with severe asthma were identified: controlled severe asthma, children who achieved control after triamcinolone, and children who did not achieve control. At baseline, these groups were phenotypically similar. After triamcinolone, discordance between symptoms, lung function, exhaled nitric oxide, and blood eosinophils was noted. Clinical phenotypic predictors were of limited utility in predicting the triamcinolone response, whereas systemic mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines related to IL-2, IL-10, and TNF signaling pathways, namely, AIMP1, CCR2, IL10RB, and IL5, strongly differentiated children who failed to achieve control with triamcinolone administration. CONCLUSIONS Systemic corticosteroid responsiveness in children with severe asthma is heterogeneous. Alternative prediction models that include molecular endotypic as well as clinical phenotypic features are needed to identify which children derive the most clinical benefit from systemic corticosteroid step-up therapy given the potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga.
| | | | | | | | | | - Lou Ann S Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga
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32
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Kucherenko A, Pampukha V, Romanchuk K, Chernushyn S, Bobrova I, Moroz L, Livshits L. [Not Available]. Tsitol Genet 2016; 50:79-84. [PMID: 30480920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine association between IFNL4 gene ss469415590 and treatment efficiency in group of Ukrainian PEG-interferon/ribavirin-treated chronic hepatitis C patients. Study group consisted of 92 unrelated hepatitis C virus genotype 1 mono-infected patients: case group - 29 patients with late or absent virological response; control group - 63 patients with sustained virological response. Study material was genomic DNA. Genotyping was performed using amplification-refractory mutation system PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using GenePop and OpenEpi statistical packages. Obtained results show that ss469415590 ΔG/ΔG genotype is associated with poor virological response (OR = 3.62; CI 95%: 1.12-11.67) in PEG-interferon/ribavirin-treated chronic hepatitis C patients from Ukraine.
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33
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Zedan MM, Osman AM, Laimon WN, Zedan MM, Abo-Elkheir NY, Zaki A. Airway Inflammatory Biomarker: Could It Tailor the Right Medications for the Right Asthmatic Patient? Iran J Immunol 2016; 13:70-88. [PMID: 27350629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, in which asthmatic patients present with different clinical phenotypes, variable endotypes, and different response to asthma medicines. Thus, we are faced with an asthma paradox; asthma is diagnosed subjectively by clinical history and treated with biologically active drugs. To solve this paradox, we need objective airway biomarkers to tailor the proper medications to the proper patient. Biomarkers should have one or more of the following characteristics:1) A biomarker that could differentiate poor symptoms perceivers from over perceivers, 2) A biomarker that could predict disease activity and hence disease outcome, 3) A biomarker that could clarify responders from non-responders asthma phenotypes, and finally 4) A biomarker that could characterize different clinical asthma phenotypes. In conclusion, we have conducted a review of literature trying to apply those four parameters to different airway inflammatory biomarkers. We found that FeNO fulfilled the four proposed clinical parameters of airway inflammatory biomarkers whereas; serum periostin was the single best systemic biomarker of airway luminal and tissue eosinophilia in severe uncontrolled TH2 asthma phenotype. Thus, this may be considered a trial towards tailoring the proper medication to the proper patient. However, application of biomarkers in clinical practice requires easier and cheaper techniques together with standardized methods for sample collection and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy Mohamed Zedan
- Department of Clinical Immunology and pediatrics, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt, E mail:
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Abstract
The overall mutational burden of a tumor is considered to be a predictive marker for the success of checkpoint blockade therapy. A recent study by McGranahan et al. reframes this notion by showing that clonal expression of neoantigens by tumor cells, rather than overall mutational burden, determines the response to checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani Spranger
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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35
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Cho SY, Kang W, Han JY, Min S, Kang J, Lee A, Kwon JY, Lee C, Park H. An Integrative Approach to Precision Cancer Medicine Using Patient-Derived Xenografts. Mol Cells 2016; 39:77-86. [PMID: 26831452 PMCID: PMC4757806 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease caused by diverse genomic alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Despite recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies and development of targeted therapies, novel cancer drug development is limited due to the high attrition rate from clinical studies. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX), which are established by the transfer of patient tumors into immunodeficient mice, serve as a platform for co-clinical trials by enabling the integration of clinical data, genomic profiles, and drug responsiveness data to determine precisely targeted therapies. PDX models retain many of the key characteristics of patients' tumors including histology, genomic signature, cellular heterogeneity, and drug responsiveness. These models can also be applied to the development of biomarkers for drug responsiveness and personalized drug selection. This review summarizes our current knowledge of this field, including methodologic aspects, applications in drug development, challenges and limitations, and utilization for precision cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Yup Cho
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Wonyoung Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Jee Yun Han
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Seoyeon Min
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Jinjoo Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Ahra Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Jee Young Kwon
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032,
USA
| | - Charles Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032,
USA
| | - Hansoo Park
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032,
USA
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36
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Dreyling M, Ferrero S. The role of targeted treatment in mantle cell lymphoma: is transplant dead or alive? Haematologica 2016; 101:104-14. [PMID: 26830211 PMCID: PMC4938333 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.119115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the profound biological insights of the last years into the molecular pathogenesis of mantle cell lymphoma and the clinical introduction of new targeted drugs, with high efficacy and a good safety profile, the therapeutic scenario for this tumor has been shown to be thoroughly favourable. No longer characterized by a uniformly dismal prognosis, mantle cell lymphoma has been revealed as a spectrum of different diseases, ranging from very indolent cases to highly aggressive and refractory ones. Thus, there is an urgent need to adapt therapy to accommodate the diverse presentations of the disease. High-dose chemotherapy, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation is the current standard of care for younger patients, generally providing high responses and long survival rates, but hampered by acute and long-term toxicity. In addition, some patients may be overtreated, while others could benefit from targeted approaches, based on the new, molecular-directed compounds. Such a personalized treatment based on the specific characteristics of individual patients may be guided by validated prognostic tools, such as the Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index and the Ki-67 Proliferative Index, as well as by early predictors of treatment response, like minimal residual disease analysis. Moreover, mutation screening of distinctive genomic alterations may provide new, predictive biomarkers, with an additional impact on clinical practice. Only after tailoring treatment according to the clinical and biological heterogeneity of the disease the role of transplantation and modern therapeutic options will be redefined in mantle cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Dreyling
- Department of Medicine III, Hospital of the University LMU München, Germany
| | - Simone Ferrero
- Division of Hematology, Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
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Chaudhari U, Nemade H, Wagh V, Gaspar JA, Ellis JK, Srinivasan SP, Spitkovski D, Nguemo F, Louisse J, Bremer S, Hescheler J, Keun HC, Hengstler JG, Sachinidis A. Identification of genomic biomarkers for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes: an in vitro repeated exposure toxicity approach for safety assessment. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:2763-2777. [PMID: 26537877 PMCID: PMC5065579 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The currently available techniques for the safety evaluation of candidate drugs are usually cost-intensive and time-consuming and are often insufficient to predict human relevant cardiotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to develop an in vitro repeated exposure toxicity methodology allowing the identification of predictive genomics biomarkers of functional relevance for drug-induced cardiotoxicity in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). The hiPSC-CMs were incubated with 156 nM doxorubicin, which is a well-characterized cardiotoxicant, for 2 or 6 days followed by washout of the test compound and further incubation in compound-free culture medium until day 14 after the onset of exposure. An xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analyser was used to monitor doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity while also monitoring functional alterations of cardiomyocytes by counting of the beating frequency of cardiomyocytes. Unlike single exposure, repeated doxorubicin exposure resulted in long-term arrhythmic beating in hiPSC-CMs accompanied by significant cytotoxicity. Global gene expression changes were studied using microarrays and bioinformatics tools. Analysis of the transcriptomic data revealed early expression signatures of genes involved in formation of sarcomeric structures, regulation of ion homeostasis and induction of apoptosis. Eighty-four significantly deregulated genes related to cardiac functions, stress and apoptosis were validated using real-time PCR. The expression of the 84 genes was further studied by real-time PCR in hiPSC-CMs incubated with daunorubicin and mitoxantrone, further anthracycline family members that are also known to induce cardiotoxicity. A panel of 35 genes was deregulated by all three anthracycline family members and can therefore be expected to predict the cardiotoxicity of compounds acting by similar mechanisms as doxorubicin, daunorubicin or mitoxantrone. The identified gene panel can be applied in the safety assessment of novel drug candidates as well as available therapeutics to identify compounds that may cause cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Chaudhari
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany
| | - Harshal Nemade
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany
| | - Vilas Wagh
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany
| | - John Antonydas Gaspar
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany
| | - James K Ellis
- Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sureshkumar Perumal Srinivasan
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany
| | - Dimitry Spitkovski
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany
| | - Filomain Nguemo
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany
| | - Jochem Louisse
- Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | - Susanne Bremer
- Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany
| | - Hector C Keun
- Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, NRW, Germany.
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38
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Abstract
The molecular chaperone Hsp90 has attracted a lot of interest in cancer research ever since cancer cells were found to be more sensitive to Hsp90 inhibition than normal cells. Why that is has remained a matter of debate and is still unclear. In addition to increased Hsp90 dependence for some mutant cancer proteins and modifications of the Hsp90 machinery itself, a number of other characteristics of cancer cells probably contribute to this phenomenon; these include aneuploidy and overall increased numbers and levels of defective and mutant proteins, which all contribute to perturbed proteostasis. Work over the last two decades has demonstrated that many cancer-related proteins are Hsp90 clients, and yet only few of them have been extensively investigated, selected either on the basis of their obvious function as cancer drivers or because they proved to be convenient biomarkers for monitoring the effects of Hsp90 inhibitors. The purpose of our review is to go beyond these "usual suspects." We established a workflow to select poorly studied proteins that are related to cancer processes and qualify as Hsp90 clients. By discussing and taking a fresh look at these "unusual suspects," we hope to stimulate others to revisit them as novel therapeutic targets or diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo C Echeverría
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier Picard
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Genève, Sciences III, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Cuschieri K, Bhatia R, Cruickshank M, Hillemanns P, Arbyn M. HPV testing in the context of post-treatment follow up (test of cure). J Clin Virol 2015; 76 Suppl 1:S56-S61. [PMID: 26525202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women treated for cervical lesions are at higher risk of subsequent disease compared to the general population. Consequently, post treatment surveillance strategies are required to ensure the success of treatment, so called "test of cure". The high sensitivity and negative predictive value of HPV assays can enhance post-treatment strategies. OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of the current data on test of cure strategies with a particular focus on HPV testing and to identify knowledge gaps and areas for further research. RESULTS HPV testing is sensitive for the detection of residual or recurrent disease post treatment for CIN2+ and is more sensitive than cytology alone. Co-testing increases sensitivity, marginally and there is a lack of consensus regarding the efficiency and safety to release negative women. Most test of cure studies have applied HPV DNA tests and post treatment positivity rates vary widely depending on assay and potentially, treatment type. CONCLUSIONS Globally, an increasing number of test of cure algorithms now incorporate HPV testing although there is heterogeneity of practice with respect to assay, number of post treatment tests, testing intervals, follow up time. While type specific persistence identified through genotyping may identify those at greater risk of disease there is no consensus as to how this may be applied, clinically. Data on HPV testing in women treated for glandular lesions would be welcome as would the performance of different HPV assays and associated biomarkers in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Scotland, UK.
| | - Ramya Bhatia
- HPV Research Group, Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Margaret Cruickshank
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital, NHS Grampian, Scotland, UK
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, University of Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Arbyn
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology & Belgian Cancer Centre, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
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Signori E, Cavallo F. The Fourteenth International Conference on Progress in Vaccination Against Cancer (PIVAC-14), September 24-26, 2014, Rome, Italy: rethinking anti-tumor vaccines in a new era of cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:1349-56. [PMID: 25762082 PMCID: PMC11028586 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Signori
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, CIR, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
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41
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Mitrofanova A, Aytes A, Zou M, Shen MM, Abate-Shen C, Califano A. Predicting Drug Response in Human Prostate Cancer from Preclinical Analysis of In Vivo Mouse Models. Cell Rep 2015; 12:2060-71. [PMID: 26387954 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models are often used to evaluate cancer therapies, extrapolation of such preclinical data to human cancer can be challenging. Here, we introduce an approach that uses drug perturbation data from GEM models to predict drug efficacy in human cancer. Network-based analysis of expression profiles from in vivo treatment of GEM models identified drugs and drug combinations that inhibit the activity of FOXM1 and CENPF, which are master regulators of prostate cancer malignancy. Validation of mouse and human prostate cancer models confirmed the specificity and synergy of a predicted drug combination to abrogate FOXM1/CENPF activity and inhibit tumorigenicity. Network-based analysis of treatment signatures from GEM models identified treatment-responsive genes in human prostate cancer that are potential biomarkers of patient response. More generally, this approach allows systematic identification of drugs that inhibit tumor dependencies, thereby improving the utility of GEM models for prioritizing drugs for clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Mitrofanova
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alvaro Aytes
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael M Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute of Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute of Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute of Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Serdjebi C, Gagnière J, Desramé J, Fein F, Guimbaud R, François E, André T, Seitz JF, Montérymard C, Arsene D, Volet J, Abakar-Mahamat A, Lecomte T, Guerin-Meyer V, Legoux JL, Deplanque G, Guillet P, Ciccolini J, Lepage C, Dahan L. FFCD-1004 Clinical Trial: Impact of Cytidine Deaminase Activity on Clinical Outcome in Gemcitabine-Monotherapy Treated Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135907. [PMID: 26308942 PMCID: PMC4550302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Because cytidine deaminase (CDA) is the key enzyme in gemcitabine metabolism, numerous studies have attempted to investigate impact of CDA status (i.e. genotype or phenotype) on clinical outcome. To date, data are still controversial because none of these studies has fully investigated genotype-phenotype CDA status, pharmacokinetics and clinical outcome relationships in gemcitabine-treated patients. Besides, most patients were treated with gemcitabine associated with other drugs, thus adding a confounding factor. We performed a multicenter prospective clinical trial in gemcitabine-treated patients which aimed at investigating the link between CDA deficiency on the occurrence of severe toxicities and on pharmacokinetics, and studying CDA genotype-phenotype relationships. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN One hundred twenty patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma eligible for adjuvant gemcitabine monotherapy were enrolled in this study promoted and managed by the Fédération Francophone de Cancérologie Digestive. Toxicities were graded according to National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4. They were considered severe for grade ≥ 3, and early when occurring during the first eight weeks of treatment. CDA status was evaluated using a double approach: genotyping for 79A>C and functional testing. Therapeutic drug monitoring of gemcitabine and its metabolite were performed on the first course of gemcitabine. RESULTS Five patients out of 120 (i.e., 4.6%) were found to be CDA deficient (i.e., CDA activity <1.3 U/mg), and only one among them experienced early severe hematological toxicity. There was no statistically significant difference in CDA activity between patients experiencing hematological severe toxicities (28.44%) and patients who tolerated the treatment (71.56%). CDA genetic analysis failed in evidencing an impact in terms of toxicities or in CDA activity. Regarding pharmacokinetics, a wide inter-individual variability has been observed in patients. CONCLUSION This study, which included only 4.6% of CDA-deficient patients, failed in identifying CDA status as a predictive marker of toxicities with gemcitabine. A lack of statistical power because of smoothing effect of CDA variability as compared with real life conditions could explain this absence of impact. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01416662.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johan Gagnière
- University Hospital of Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Thierry André
- University Hospital of Saint-Antoine and Pierre et Marie Curie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Seitz
- University Hospital of La Timone, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laetitia Dahan
- University Hospital of La Timone, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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Bengtsson D, Schrøder HD, Andersen M, Maiter D, Berinder K, Feldt Rasmussen U, Rasmussen ÅK, Johannsson G, Hoybye C, van der Lely AJ, Petersson M, Ragnarsson O, Burman P. Long-term outcome and MGMT as a predictive marker in 24 patients with atypical pituitary adenomas and pituitary carcinomas given treatment with temozolomide. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:1689-98. [PMID: 25646794 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-4350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE Locally aggressive pituitary tumors (LAPT) and pituitary carcinomas respond poorly to conventional therapy and cytotoxic drugs. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral alkylating drug with good tolerability, approved for treatment of malignant gliomas. The experience of its use in pituitary tumors is limited. DESIGN AND SETTING We report on 24 patients with aggressive pituitary tumors (16 LAPTs, 8 carcinomas) treated with TMZ for a median of 6 months (range 1-23). Follow-up ranged from 4 to 91 months with a median of 32.5 months. 19/24 tumors were hormone secreting (PRL 9, ACTH 4, GH 4, GH/PRL 2). Ki-67 was 2-50% in LAPTs, and 5-80% in carcinomas. MAIN OUTCOME Response to TMZ and the association with tumor expression of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6, examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Complete tumor regression occurred in two carcinomas and persisted at follow-up after 48 and 91 months, respectively. Partial regress of tumor mass ranging from 35% to 80% occurred in 5 LAPTs and 2 carcinomas. Another patient with LAPT had a 71% decrease in prolactin levels without change in tumor volume. Three LAPTs could not be evaluated. Median MGMT staining was 9% (5-20%) in responders vs 93% (50-100%) in nonresponders. Loss of MSH2 and MSH 6 was observed in a single patient who had a rapid development of resistance to TMZ. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that TMZ is a valuable treatment option for patients with uncontrolled pituitary tumors. The data suggest that tumoral MGMT staining below 50% is associated with a high likelihood of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bengtsson
- Department of Endocrinology (D.B., P.B.), Skane University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden; Department of Pathology (H.D.S.), and Department of Endocrinology (M.A.), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark 5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (D.M.), Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetology (K.B., C.H., M.P.), Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism (U.F.R, Å.K.R), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology (A.J.v.d.L.), Erasmus University MC, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Endocrinology (G.J., O.R.), Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Saksa N, Neme A, Ryynänen J, Uusitupa M, de Mello VDF, Voutilainen S, Nurmi T, Virtanen JK, Tuomainen TP, Carlberg C. Dissecting high from low responders in a vitamin D3 intervention study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 148:275-82. [PMID: 25448738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that has via activation of the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR) a direct effect on the expression of more than 100 genes. The aim of this study was to find transcriptomic and clinical biomarkers that are most suited to identify vitamin D3 responders within 71 pre-diabetic subjects during a 5-month intervention study (VitDmet). In hematopoietic cells, the genes ASAP2, CAMP, CD14, CD97, DUSP10, G0S2, IL8, LRRC8A, NINJ1, NRIP1, SLC37A2 and THBD are known as primary vitamin D targets. We demonstrate that each of these 12 genes carries a conserved VDR binding site within its genomic region and is expressed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The changes in the expression of these genes in human PBMCs at the start and the end of the vitamin D-intervention were systematically correlated with the alteration in the circulating form of vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3). Only 39-44 (55-62%) of the study subjects showed a highly significant response to vitamin D3, i.e., we considered them as "responders". In comparison, we found for 37-53 (52-75%) of the participants that only 12 biochemical and clinical parameters, such as concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and insulin, or computed values, such as homeostatic model assessment and insulin sensitivity index, show a correlation with serum 25(OH)D3 levels that is as high as that of the selected VDR target genes. All 24 parameters together described the pleiotropic vitamin D response of the VitDmet study subjects. Interestingly, they demonstrated a number of additional correlations that define a network, in which PTH plays the central role. In conclusion, vitamin D3-induced changes in human PBMCs can be described by transcriptomic and serum biomarkers and allow a segregation into high and low responders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled '17th Vitamin D Workshop' .
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Saksa
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antonio Neme
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Ryynänen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vanessa D F de Mello
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Nurmi
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Moeckel S, Meyer K, Leukel P, Heudorfer F, Seliger C, Stangl C, Bogdahn U, Proescholdt M, Brawanski A, Vollmann-Zwerenz A, Riemenschneider MJ, Bosserhoff AK, Spang R, Hau P. Response-predictive gene expression profiling of glioma progenitor cells in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108632. [PMID: 25268354 PMCID: PMC4182559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-grade gliomas are amongst the most deadly human tumors. Treatment results are disappointing. Still, in several trials around 20% of patients respond to therapy. To date, diagnostic strategies to identify patients that will profit from a specific therapy do not exist. Methods In this study, we used serum-free short-term treated in vitro cell cultures to predict treatment response in vitro. This approach allowed us (a) to enrich specimens for brain tumor initiating cells and (b) to confront cells with a therapeutic agent before expression profiling. Results As a proof of principle we analyzed gene expression in 18 short-term serum-free cultures of high-grade gliomas enhanced for brain tumor initiating cells (BTIC) before and after in vitro treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sunitinib. Profiles from treated progenitor cells allowed to predict therapy-induced impairment of proliferation in vitro. Conclusion For the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sunitinib used in this dataset, the approach revealed additional predictive information in comparison to the evaluation of classical signaling analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Moeckel
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Meyer
- Institute for Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Petra Leukel
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Heudorfer
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Seliger
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Stangl
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Bogdahn
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Proescholdt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Brawanski
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arabel Vollmann-Zwerenz
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Rainer Spang
- Institute for Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hau
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Koppensteiner R, Samartzis EP, Noske A, von Teichman A, Dedes I, Gwerder M, Imesch P, Ikenberg K, Moch H, Fink D, Stucki M, Dedes KJ. Effect of MRE11 loss on PARP-inhibitor sensitivity in endometrial cancer in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100041. [PMID: 24927325 PMCID: PMC4057395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the frequency of MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 (MRN)-complex loss of protein expression in endometrial cancers (EC) and to determine whether loss of MRE11 renders the cancer cells sensitive to Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-inhibitory treatment. METHODS MRN expression was examined in 521 samples of endometrial carcinomas and in 10 cancer cell lines. A putative mutation hotspot in the form of an intronic poly(T) allele in MRE11 was sequenced in selected cases (n = 26). Sensitivity to the PARP-inhibitor, BMN673 was tested in colony formation assays before and after MRE11 silencing using siRNA. Homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair was evaluated by RAD51-foci formation assay upon irradiation and drug treatment. RESULTS Loss of MRE11 protein was found in 30.7% of EC tumours and significantly associated with loss of RAD50, NBS1 and mismatch repair protein expression. One endometrial cell line showed a markedly reduced MRE11 expression due to a homozygous poly(T) mutation of MRE11, thereby exhibiting an increased sensitivity to BMN673. MRE11 depletion sensitizes MRE11 expressing EC cell lines to the treatment with BMN673. The increased sensitivity to PARP-inhibition correlates with reduced RAD51 foci formation upon ionizing radiation in MRE11-depleted cells. CONCLUSION Loss of the MRE11 protein predicts sensitivity to PARP-inhibitor sensitivity in vitro, defining it as an additional synthetic lethal gene with PARP. The high incidence of MRE11 loss in ECs can be potentially exploited for PARP-inhibitor therapy. Furthermore, MRE11 protein expression using immunohistochemistry could be investigated as a predictive biomarker for PARP-inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aurelia Noske
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriana von Teichman
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Dedes
- Division of Gynaecology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Myriam Gwerder
- Division of Gynaecology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Imesch
- Division of Gynaecology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kristian Ikenberg
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Fink
- Division of Gynaecology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Stucki
- Division of Gynaecology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Konstantin J. Dedes
- Division of Gynaecology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus infection is a growing, global health problem, with mortality expected to reach a peak in the next ten years in many western countries. A number of host and viral factors have been established as useful predictors of treatment response in the context of interferon and ribavirin. Several new markers have recently been identified that improve our understanding of treatment response. The addition of protease inhibitors to treatment regimens has highlighted the importance of viral kinetics on-treatment in predicting response to treatment. Many new classes of direct acting anti-virals are currently being developed and expected to be clinically available in the near future. Current predictors of treatment response will be redefined in the context of interferon free regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Berry
- Department of Microbiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
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48
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Schmitt AM, Pavel M, Rudolph T, Dawson H, Blank A, Komminoth P, Vassella E, Perren A. Prognostic and predictive roles of MGMT protein expression and promoter methylation in sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Neuroendocrinology 2014; 100:35-44. [PMID: 25012122 DOI: 10.1159/000365514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS O(6)-methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT) is an important enzyme of DNA repair. MGMT promoter methylation is detectable in a subset of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNEN). A subset of pNEN responds to the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). We wanted to correlate MGMT promoter methylation with MGMT protein loss in pNEN, correlate the findings with clinico-pathological data and determine the role of MGMT to predict response to TMZ chemotherapy. METHODS We analysed a well-characterized collective of 141 resected pNEN with median follow-up of 83 months for MGMT protein expression and promoter methylation using methylation-specific PCR (MSP). A second collective of 10 metastasized, pretreated and progressive patients receiving TMZ was used to examine the predictive role of MGMT by determining protein expression and promoter methylation using primer extension-based quantitative PCR. RESULTS In both collectives there was no correlation between MGMT protein expression and promoter methylation. Loss of MGMT protein was associated with an adverse outcome, this prognostic value, however, was not independent from grade and stage in multivariate analysis. Promoter hypermethylation was significantly associated with response to TMZ. CONCLUSION Loss of MGMT protein expression is associated with adverse outcome in a surgical series of pNET. MGMT promoter methylation could be a predictive marker for TMZ chemotherapy in pNEN, but further, favourably prospective studies will be needed to confirm this result and before this observation can influence clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Maria Schmitt
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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49
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Wang JB, Xiao XH, Du XX, Zou ZS, Song HB, Guo XX. [Identification and early diagnosis for traditional Chinese medicine-induced liver injury based on translational toxicology]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2014; 39:5-9. [PMID: 24754159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-induced liver injury has been an unresolved critical issue which impacts TCM clinical safety. The premise and key step to reduce or avoid drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is to identify the drug source of liver injury in early stage. Then the timely withdrawal of drug and treatment can be done. However, the current diagnosis of DILI is primarily governed by exclusive method relying on administering history supplied by patients and experience judgment from doctors, which lacks objective and reliable diagnostic indices. It is obvious that diagnosis of TCM-induced liver injury is especially difficult due to the complicated composition of TCM medication, as well the frequent combination of Chinese and Western drugs in clinic. In this paper, we proposed construction of research pattern and method for objective identification of TCM-related DILI based on translational toxicology, which utilizes clinical specimen to find specific biomarkers and characteristic blood-entering constituents, as well the clinical biochemistry and liver biopsy. With integration of diagnosis marker database, bibliographic database, medical record database and clinical specimen database, an integrative diagnosis database for TCM-related DILI can be established, which would make a transformation of clinical identification pattern for TCM-induced liver injury from subjective and exclusive to objective and index-supporting mode. This would be helpful to improve rational uses of TCM and promote sustainable development of TCM industry.
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50
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Bough KJ, Amur S, Lao G, Hemby SE, Tannu NS, Kampman KM, Schmitz JM, Martinez D, Merchant KM, Green C, Sharma J, Dougherty AH, Moeller FG. Biomarkers for the development of new medications for cocaine dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:202-19. [PMID: 23979119 PMCID: PMC3857653 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
There has been significant progress in personalized drug development. In large part, this has taken place in the oncology field and been due to the ability of researchers/clinicians to discover and develop novel drug development tools (DDTs), such as biomarkers. In cancer treatment research, biomarkers have permitted a more accurate pathophysiological characterization of an individual patient, and have enabled practitioners to target mechanistically the right drug, to the right patient, at the right time. Similar to cancer, patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) present clinically with heterogeneous symptomatology and respond variably to therapeutic interventions. If comparable biomarkers could be identified and developed for SUDs, significant diagnostic and therapeutic advances could be made. In this review, we highlight current opportunities and difficulties pertaining to the identification and development of biomarkers for SUDs. We focus on cocaine dependence as an example. Putative diagnostic, pharmacodynamic (PD), and predictive biomarkers for cocaine dependence are discussed across a range of methodological approaches. A possible cocaine-dependent clinical outcome assessment (COA)--another type of defined DDT--is also discussed. At present, biomarkers for cocaine dependence are in their infancy. Much additional research will be needed to identify, validate, and qualify these putative tools prior to their potential use for medications development and/or application to clinical practice. However, with a large unmet medical need and an estimated market size of several hundred million dollars per year, if developed, biomarkers for cocaine dependence will hold tremendous value to both industry and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher J Bough
- Division of Basic Neuroscience and Behavioral Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shashi Amur
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Guifang Lao
- Division of Pharmacotherapies and Medical Consequences, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Scott E Hemby
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Nilesh S Tannu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas—Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kyle M Kampman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania—School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joy M Schmitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas—Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diana Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Charles Green
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas—Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas—Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne H Dougherty
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas—Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - F Gerard Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical School, Richmond, VA, USA
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