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Feng S, Li X, Huang Z, Jiang C, Cheng X, Ma Y, Zhang F, Meng X. The Relationship between Burnout and Sense of School Belonging among the Resident Physicians in the Standardization Training in China. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2343515. [PMID: 38660991 PMCID: PMC11047212 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2343515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an important part in medical training in graduate school, 33-month medical residency training could be a stressful period inducing burnout (i.e. emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment). Despite that existing literature has found that sense of belonging may have merits for residents' well-being, it has remained unclear how sense of school belonging affects burnout and the potential moderators. To address this question, a cross-sectional survey has been conducted among the residents of the physicians standardized residency training program in China. METHODS Seven hundred (N = 700) resident physicians from different majors (i.e. clinical medicine, clinical Stomatology, and Chinese medicine) and grades have participated in the survey. Resident's sense of school belonging was assessed with the psychological sense of school membership scale (PSSM, mean = 45.12, SD = 11.14). Burnout was measured by the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS, mean = 65.80, SD = 15.89), including three subscales of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. RESULTS The results showed that over 80% of the residents reported moderate or high level of emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment during residency training. Meanwhile, higher level of sense of school belonging was associated with lower overall burnout (B = -0.722, p < 0.001), less emotional exhaustion, reduced depersonalization, and higher personal accomplishment. In particular, the benefits of sense of belonging seem more pronounced among female and those at earlier stage of residency. No interaction effect was found between sense of belonging and major, while those from Chinese medicine reported lower scores in overall burnout and the three dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Burnout was a prevalent issue among the resident physicians, and our findings confirmed the protective effects of sense of school belonging against burnout. Therefore, support service should be developed to cultivate resident's sense of school belonging and social connections, particularly for female and those at earlier stage of residency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Feng
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Graduate School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongxuan Huang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenqi Jiang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuying Ma
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Barbosa-Camacho FJ, Rodríguez-Machuca VU, Ibarrola-Peña JC, Chejfec-Ciociano JM, Guzmán-Ruvalcaba MJ, Tavares-Ortega JA, Delgado-Hernandez G, Cervantes-Guevara G, Cervantes-Pérez E, Ramírez-Ochoa S, Fuentes-Orozco C, Gonzalez-Ojeda A. COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on medical interns' mental health of public and private hospitals in Guadalajara. Med Educ Online 2024; 29:2308360. [PMID: 38281205 PMCID: PMC10823882 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2308360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burnout syndrome is a global burden characterized by exhaustion, work detachment, and a sense of ineffectiveness. It affects millions of individuals worldwide, with a particularly high prevalence among medical students. Factors such as demanding education, exposure to suffering, and the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to elevated stress levels. Addressing this issue is crucial due to its impact on well-being and health-care quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional survey study assessed fear of COVID-19 and burnout levels among medical student interns in hospitals in Guadalajara, Jalisco. The study used validated scales and collected data from September 2021 to September 2022. A snowball sampling method was employed and a minimum sample size of 198 participants was calculated. RESULTS This study included 311 medical students (62.1% female and 37.9% male with a mean age of 23.51 ± 2.21 years). The majority were in their second semester of internship (60.5%) and from public hospitals (89.1%). Most students believed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the quality of their internship (82.6%). Female students had higher personal burnout scores, while male students had higher work-related burnout scores. The mean score for fear of COVID-19 was 13.71 ± 6.28, with higher scores among women (p = 0.004) and those from public hospitals (p = 0.009). A positive weak correlation was found between COVID-19 scores and burnout subscales. CONCLUSION Our study emphasizes the significant impact of various factors on burnout levels among medical students and health-care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prolonged exposure to COVID-19 patients, reduced staffing, and increased workload contributed to burnout, affecting well-being and quality of care. Targeted interventions and resilience-building strategies are needed to mitigate burnout and promote well-being in health-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Carlos Ibarrola-Peña
- Hospital General y Medicina Familiar de Zona No. 2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Jonathan Matías Chejfec-Ciociano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Mario Jesús Guzmán-Ruvalcaba
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Jaime Alberto Tavares-Ortega
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Gonzalo Delgado-Hernandez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Gabino Cervantes-Guevara
- Departamento de Bienestar y Desarrollo Sustentable, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán, Jalisco, México
| | - Enrique Cervantes-Pérez
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sol Ramírez-Ochoa
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez-Ojeda
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Fond G, Smith L, Tran B, Lucas G, Nguyen TT, Yon DK, Boyer L. Unmasking the triad of burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep among healthcare workers during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemics. Results from the national AMADEUS study. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:247-253. [PMID: 38554883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout and absenteeism are prevalent among healthcare workers, reflecting prolonged work-related stress and dissatisfaction with their job. Identifying poor sleep as a contributing factor can assist in developing targeted interventions. This study explored the relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and sleep among healthcare workers. METHODS A nationwide online cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals in France during the third wave of COVID-19, from May 2021 to June 2021. Recruitment strategies included outreach through social and professional networks and email invitations. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, absenteeism through self-reported days absent in the preceding 12 months, and sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The association between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, accounting for individual and professional variables. The study also explored various sleep dimension abnormalities. RESULTS Of 10,087 healthcare workers, 55.2 % reported burnout, 20.5 % absenteeism, and 64.8 % poor sleep. Burnout and absenteeism were more frequent in individuals with poor sleep compared to those with good sleep (74.2 % vs. 25.8 % and 75.6 % vs. 24.4 %, respectively). The multivariate analyses confirmed the associations between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.15, 95 % CI [1.97-2.35], p < 0.001; and aOR = 1.49, 95 % CI [1.32-1.67], p < 0.001, respectively). INTERPRETATION The study highlighted the intricate relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep among healthcare professionals, informing workforce management and policy decisions to foster a supportive work environment and enhance their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Fond
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bach Tran
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Guillaume Lucas
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Tham Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
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Burgess J, Kim HM, Porath BR, Zivin K. Burnout and Perceived Workload Among Behavioral Health Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Importance of Supervisory, Leadership, and Organizational Support. Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:716-719. [PMID: 38416115 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241236240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the relationship between behavioral health provider (BHP) perceptions of support during COVID-19 and burnout and self-reported workload. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of provider-level data collected from the 2020 and 2021 All Employee Survey (AES). SETTING The Veterans Health Administration. SUBJECTS 36,541 (10,332 [28.28%] with missing data) respondents in 2020 and 2021 combined. MEASURES Main outcomes were self-reported burnout and self-reported workload. Main predictors were 6 COVID-19-related provider-perceived support domains. Covariates were 11 AES demographic predictors. ANALYSIS We conducted mixed-effects logistic regression modeling for each domain and outcome pairing. We summarized our results using average marginal effects (AMEs) and odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS All 6 domains of feeling prepared, heard, protected, cared for, honored, and having flexible policies were significantly negatively associated with burnout (AMEs -.20 to -.10, ORs .38-.63, P < .001) and positively associated with reasonable workload (AMEs .11-.20, ORs 1.63-2.59, P < .001). Feeling prepared had the largest associations with burnout (OR .38) and reasonable workload (OR 2.59). CONCLUSION Creating a work environment with flexible policies and where staff feel prepared, heard, protected, cared for, and honored could support BHPs in feeling less burned out and that their workload is reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Burgess
- Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hyungjin Myra Kim
- Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brittany R Porath
- Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kara Zivin
- Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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de Vargas D, Volpato RJ, Dos Santos LC, Pereira CF, de Oliveira SR, da Silva RR, Maciel MED, Fernandes IL, de Oliveira Santana K, Aguilar TF. Prevalence of psychological and mental health symptoms among nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Americas: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024; 33:582-599. [PMID: 38151828 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
To assess the prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic on the American continent. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that estimated the prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic was performed through bibliographic database searches. A three-level meta-analysis model was used with the inverse variance method, tau was estimated via restricted maximum likelihood and logistic transformation, and heterogeneity was presented as tau2 and I2. Of the 7467 studies obtained, 62 were included in the meta-analysis, which involved 52 270 nursing professionals. The overall prevalence for at least one mental health symptom was 56.3% (50.4%, 62.1%; I2 = 98.6%, p < 0.001). Eight mental health symptoms were found; among them, the most prevalent were burnout (52.1%, 37.1%, 88.8%; I2 = 98.5%, p < 0.001) and fear (52.1%, 30.1%, 73.3%; I2 = 98.1%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic on the American continent was high, and strategies should be developed and implemented by managers and government agencies to promote the well-being, physical and mental health of nursing professionals. Studies like this one are necessary to highlight the need for efforts in the implementation of promotion and prevention actions to be developed by health organisations, managers and leaders with a view to improving the quality of life of nursing workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marjorie Ester Dias Maciel
- Nucleon of Addiction Nursing Research, School of Nursing (NEPEEA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Faustino Aguilar
- Nucleon of Addiction Nursing Research, School of Nursing (NEPEEA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Airagnes G, Fisk D, Haddad RE, le Faou AL, Limosin F. Burnout Mediates the Association Between Workaholism and Substance Use: Findings from a French National Company. J Prev (2022) 2024; 45:451-466. [PMID: 38400994 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-024-00770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
To examine the mediation effect of burnout on the association between workaholism and tobacco and alcohol use. A total of 2199 workers from the French national electricity company fulfilled an online questionnaire. Smoking status, alcohol use disorder based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption and workaholism based on the Work Addiction Risk Test were used as binary variables. Burnout was assessed as a continuous variable with the Copenhagen Burn-Out Inventory. Mediation analyses tested the direct effect of the associations between workaholism and each substance use, as well as the indirect effect passing through burnout, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors (gender, age, occupational grade and marital life), work stress using the effort-reward imbalance and overcommitment. When testing the mediation effect of burnout on the relation between workaholism and smoking, there was a significant direct effect of workaholism on smoking (Estimated effect of 0.27 [95% CI 0.01; 0.54]) and a significant indirect effect passing through burnout (Estimated effect of 0.09 [95% CI 0.02; 0.15]). When testing the mediation effect of burnout on the relation between workaholism and alcohol use, the direct effect of workaholism on alcohol use was not significant (Estimated effect of 0.21 [95% CI - 0.01; 0.44]) while the indirect effect passing through burnout was significant (Estimated effect of 0.10 [95% CI 0.04; 0.17]). Information and prevention regarding substance use should be reinforced among workers exposed to workaholism, especially if their workaholism led to a high level of burnout. Preventing the emergence of burnout among workaholics might have some benefits on their tobacco and alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Airagnes
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts, INSERM UMS011, Villejuif, France.
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Centre Ambulatoire d'Addictologie, 20 Rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - David Fisk
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rita El Haddad
- Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts, INSERM UMS011, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne-Laurence le Faou
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris, France
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Gewirtz-Meydan A, Mitchell KJ, O'Brien JE. Trauma behind the keyboard: Exploring disparities in child sexual abuse materials exposure and mental health factors among investigators and forensic examiners - A network analysis. Child Abuse Negl 2024; 152:106757. [PMID: 38574600 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite acknowledging the detrimental impact of child sexual abuse material (CSAM) exposure on the mental and physical well-being of investigators and forensic examiners, there is a need for comprehensive exploration into the complex relationship between CSAM exposure, its various dimensions, mental health (i.e., anxiety, depression, and PTSD), and burnout, as well as the presence of positive attitudes towards the job. OBJECTIVE To understand how CSAM exposure, mental health and burnout interconnect and cluster within distinct networks of police investigators and forensic examiners. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Police investigators and forensic examiners from across the United States who were exposed to CSAM as part of their professions (N = 470). METHODS Participants, recruited through connections with the National Criminal Justice Training Center, completed an anonymous online survey. RESULTS The network analysis revealed differences in centrality between investigators and forensic examiners, particularly in their associations with exposure factors and mental health variables. Edges invariance tests showed differences in the strength of these associations, with some factors being more strongly linked to PTSD avoidance symptoms among investigators and others among forensic examiners. Stability analyses suggested potentially greater heterogeneity among investigators, while both groups displayed high stability in other centrality indices. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to our comprehension of the distinct experiences and challenges faced by CSAM investigators and forensic examiners, and specifically the nuanced disparities between CSAM investigators and forensic examiners in terms of their exposure to CSAM content and the associated mental health factors. These insights highlight the imperative need for tailored support mechanisms and interventions that can effectively address the unique challenges encountered by individuals working tirelessly in this critical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. Agewirtz-@univ.haifa.ac.il
| | - Kimberly J Mitchell
- University of New Hampshire, Crimes against Children Research Center, Durham, NH, United States
| | - Jennifer E O'Brien
- University of New Hampshire, Crimes against Children Research Center, Durham, NH, United States; University of New Hampshire, Department of Social Work, United States
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Farias JP, Ferreira ADS. Evidence map on burnout syndrome in higher education teachers and its relationship with ergonomic and biopsychosocial factors: a scoping review. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2024; 30:579-586. [PMID: 38509714 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2024.2325819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Objectives. This study aimed to map the evidence on burnout syndrome in higher education teachers and its relationship with ergonomic and biopsychosocial factors. Methods. We performed a scoping review of articles published up to 2021, extracting the location, study design, sample characteristics and assessment methods, and investigated ergonomic and biopsychosocial factors. Results. Eighteen studies were found in 12 countries, and most used a cross-sectional design (n = 17/18, 94%). The Maslach burnout inventory was the most used assessment method (n = 9, 50%). There is a consensus that burnout syndrome in higher education teachers requires more attention, as it can be related to physical, mental and social factors. Conclusions. In the professional environment, physical ergonomic characteristics or those related to work organization deserve greater attention, as well as psychosocial factors, as they are strongly associated with burnout syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paulo Farias
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Augusto Motta University Center, Brazil
| | - Arthur de Sá Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Augusto Motta University Center, Brazil
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Bani I, Mohamed Y, Andrade G. Evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 on stress and burnout among Ajman university (AU) medical students. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 246:104245. [PMID: 38636404 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted at AU to estimate the prevalence of stress and burnout among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to provide insights into the levels of stress and burnout experienced by medical students at AU and identify potential risk factors. The research methodology involved a cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire among 215 College of Medicine AU students. The findings indicated that many participants experienced moderate stress levels, as revealed by data collected on a Likert scale. No significant differences in stress scores were found based on sex, but variations were observed among years of study and living status. An analysis of burnout using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory showed that over half of the participants experienced moderate levels of burnout. No significant differences in burnout were found based on gender, marital status, residence, GPA, motivation for enrolment, or nationality; however, variations were observed among different age groups and years of study. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and support systems to address stress and burnout among AU students by focusing on the identified risk factors. By implementing evidence-based strategies, AU can promote the well-being and resilience of medical students, thereby contributing to their overall success and the future of the healthcare workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Bani
- College of Medicine, Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHS R), Ajman University, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Yehia Mohamed
- College of Medicine, Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHS R), Ajman University, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Gabriel Andrade
- College of Medicine, Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHS R), Ajman University, United Arab Emirates.
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Quesada-Puga C, Izquierdo-Espin FJ, Membrive-Jiménez MJ, Aguayo-Estremera R, Cañadas-De La Fuente GA, Romero-Béjar JL, Gómez-Urquiza JL. Job satisfaction and burnout syndrome among intensive-care unit nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2024; 82:103660. [PMID: 38394983 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2024.103660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The severe conditions often experienced in an intensive care unit, combined with poor working conditions, increase stress and therefore decrease job satisfaction. Sustained stress in the workplace leads to the development of burnout, a syndrome characterised by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and perceived lack of personal fulfilment. OBJECTIVE To analyse the relationship between burnout syndrome and job satisfaction among ICU personnel. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus databases were used. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. The study sample consisted of 18 quantitative primary studies conducted in the last five years. Validated questionnaires were used to assess burnout in ICU healthcare workers, the most commonly used being the Maslach Burnout Inventory. EXTRACTION METHODS The search equation applied was: "job satisfaction AND nurs* AND burnout AND (ICU OR intensive care units)". The search was performed in October 2022. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The search returned 514 results. Only 73 articles met the eligibility criteria. After reading the title and abstract, 20 articles were selected. After reading the full texts, 12 articles remained and after the reverse search, 18 articles were finally selected. The studies reported a 50% prevalence of burnout, all three dimensions of which were heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of the study findings revealed an inverse association between burnout and job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Job dissatisfaction of ICU nurses depends on lack of experience, working conditions or working environment among others. ICU nurses with lower job satisfaction have higher levels of burnout. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE This meta-analysis shows the potential value of job satisfaction on improving health outcomes related to burnout syndrome for nursing professional in Intensive Care Units. Different factors that could increase job satisfaction and consequently protect them from suffering high levels of burnout, such as salary, permanence in the service, mental health care are the responsibility of the hospital supervisor and, finally, of the own Health System. Knowledge of a risk profile based on the factors influencing job dissatisfaction would enable the implementation of effective workplace interventions to reduce or prevent the risk of burnout. Health policies should focus on protecting the worker, so in addition to improving working conditions, it would be interesting to promote coping skills in order to improve the quality of care and patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Quesada-Puga
- University Hospital Torrecardenas, Andalusian Health Service, C/ Hermandad de Donantes de Sangre, s/n, 04009 Almería, Spain.
| | - Francisco José Izquierdo-Espin
- Critical Care Unit, General University Hospital of Jaen, Andalusian Health Service, Av. del Ejército Español, 10, 23007 Jaén, Spain.
| | | | - Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Campus Univ. Somosaguas, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.
| | - Guillermo A Cañadas-De La Fuente
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada and Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Av. de la Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - José Luis Romero-Béjar
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA) and Institute of Mathematics of the University of Granada (IMAG), Campus Univ. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - José Luis Gómez-Urquiza
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Cortadura del Valle s/n, 51001 Ceuta, Spain.
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Bonanno DR, Couch A, Haines T, Menz HB, O'Sullivan BG, Williams CM. Burnout in podiatrists associated with individual characteristics, workplace and job satisfaction: A national survey. J Foot Ankle Res 2024; 17:e12003. [PMID: 38567752 PMCID: PMC11080839 DOI: 10.1002/jfa2.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is highly prevalent among health practitioners. It negatively impacts job performance, patient care, career retention and psychological well-being. This study aimed to identify factors associated with burnout among Australian podiatrists. METHODS Data were collected from registered podiatrists via four online surveys administered annually from 2017 to 2020 as part of the Podiatrists in Australia: Investigating Graduate Employment (PAIGE) study. Information was collected about work history, job preferences, personal characteristics, health, personality, life experiences and risk-taking behaviours. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine if (i) individual characteristics, (ii) workplace factors and (iii) job satisfaction measures were associated with burnout (based on the abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory). RESULTS A total of 848 responses were included, with 268 podiatrists (31.6%) experiencing burnout. Participants experiencing burnout were slightly younger, more recent to practice, had poorer health, greater mental distress, lower scores for resilience, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experiences. They were less likely to have financial and clinical risk-taking behaviour and more likely to have career risk-taking behaviour. Prediction accuracy of these individual characteristic variables for burnout was 72.4%. Participants experiencing burnout were also more likely to work in private practice, have more work locations, work more hours, more direct patient hours, see more patients, have shorter consultation times, more likely to bulk bill chronic disease management plans, have less access to sick leave and professional development and be more likely to intend to leave patient care and the profession within 5 years than participants not experiencing burnout. Prediction accuracy of these workplace-related variables for burnout was 67.1%. Participants experiencing burnout were less satisfied with their job. Prediction accuracy of these variables for burnout was 78.8%. CONCLUSIONS Many of the factors associated with burnout in Australian podiatrists are modifiable, providing opportunities to implement targeted prevention strategies. The strength of association of these factors indicates high potential for strategies to be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Bonanno
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Anna Couch
- Allied HealthPeninsula HealthFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
- School of Primary and Allied Health CareMonash UniversityFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Terry Haines
- School of Primary and Allied Health CareMonash UniversityFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Hylton B. Menz
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Cylie M. Williams
- Allied HealthPeninsula HealthFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
- School of Primary and Allied Health CareMonash UniversityFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
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Lee JE, Kim SR, Chun BC. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infection control nurses: A path analysis of job stress, burnout, and turnover intention. Am J Infect Control 2024; 52:683-687. [PMID: 38218329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A infection control nurse (ICN) has played substantial roles in infection control and epidemiology programs in hospitals to protect patients and coworkers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to explore the association between intention to leave in ICNs and job stress and burnout. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among ICNs working in hospitals with ≥200 beds in South Korea from October 1 to 22, 2021. Variables included were related to general and job characteristics specific to COVID-19, as well as measures of job stress, burnout, and turnover intention for ICNs from previous studies. Path analysis was used to examine the relationships between job stress, burnout, turnover intention, and COVID-19-related work characteristics. RESULTS A total of 203 participants were included, of whom 95% were women. The results showed that work intensity in COVID-19 infection control was significantly associated with job stress (P<.001) and burnout (P = .035). Furthermore, job stress (P = .019) and burnout (P < .001) were positively correlated with turnover intention. CONCLUSIONS In a pandemic with emerging infectious diseases, strategies to reduce turnover among ICNs and ensure a sufficient workforce are crucial to reducing work intensity, considering the factors that affect job stress and burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae E Lee
- Infection Control Team, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung R Kim
- Infection Control Team, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung C Chun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Foxx F, Orpet H. The need for recovery: An investigation into short-term work-related fatigue in veterinary nurses. Vet Rec 2024; 194:e3898. [PMID: 38603590 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Veterinary nursing is physically and emotionally demanding, putting veterinary nurses at risk of acute work-related fatigue (AWRF). Despite the increased recognition of chronic occupational syndromes such as burnout and compassion fatigue in recent years, few studies have investigated how AWRF impacts individuals and the profession. METHODS An anonymous survey open to all UK-based registered veterinary nurses (RVNs) was distributed via email and social media. The survey investigated work patterns, hobbies, opinions about work and intentions to leave the veterinary profession. An English translation of the need for recovery (NFR) scale was used to quantify the AWRF. RESULTS The median NFR score from 387 responses was 81.8, indicating high levels of AWRF. Long shifts, sole-charge work and overtime were associated with higher scores, while having support at work and a better work-life balance were associated with lower scores. Higher scores were correlated with intentions to leave the profession. LIMITATIONS Although validated as a measure of AWRF, the unidimensional NFR scale oversimplifies the complexities of fatigue. A limited number of RVNs responded to the survey, reducing statistical power. CONCLUSION Although there is no single solution to staff turnover, the results from this survey suggest that addressing AWRF may improve retention of RVNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Foxx
- North Shore Veterinary Hospital, Artarmon, New South Wales, Australia
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Heymann EP, Romann V, Lim R, Van Aarsen K, Khatib N, Sauter T, Schild B, Mueller S. Physician wellbeing and burnout in emergency medicine in Switzerland. Swiss Med Wkly 2024; 154:3421. [PMID: 38753467 DOI: 10.57187/s.3421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Emergency physicians are the most at-risk medical specialist group for burnout. Given its consequences for patient care and physician health and its resulting increased attrition rates, ensuring the wellbeing of emergency physicians is vital for preserving the integrity of the safety net for the healthcare system that is emergency medicine. In an effort to understand the current state of practicing physicians, this study reviews the results of the first national e-survey on physician wellbeing and burnout in emergency medicine in Switzerland. Addressed to all emergency physicians between March and April 2023, it received 611 complete responses. More than half of respondents met at least one criterion for burnout according to the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (59.2%) and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (54.1%). In addition, more than half reported symptoms suggestive of mild to severe depression, with close to 20% screening positively for moderate to severe depression, nearly 4 times the incidence in the general population, according to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. We found that 10.8% of respondents reported having considered suicide at some point in their career, with nearly half having considered this in the previous 12 months. The resulting high attrition rates (40.6% of respondents had considered leaving emergency medicine because of their working conditions) call into question the sustainability of the system. Coinciding with trends observed in other international studies on burnout in emergency medicine, this study reinforces the fact that certain factors associated with wellbeing are intrinsic to emergency medicine working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Heymann
- Swiss Society of Emergency and Rescue Medicine, Switzerland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Romann
- Swiss Society of Emergency and Rescue Medicine, Switzerland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tiefenau Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rod Lim
- Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristine Van Aarsen
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nour Khatib
- Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians, Canada
- University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - Thomas Sauter
- Swiss Society of Emergency and Rescue Medicine, Switzerland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Schild
- Swiss Society of Emergency and Rescue Medicine, Switzerland
- Croce verde Bellinzona e di Tre Valli, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Mueller
- Swiss Society of Emergency and Rescue Medicine, Switzerland
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Stadtspital, Zurich, Switzerland
- Schutz und Rettung Zürich, Zürich
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15
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Zhou S, Li M, Chen S, Jiang D, Qu Y, Xu X. Work pressure, coping styles and occupational burnout among Chinese police officers: a meta-analytic review. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:275. [PMID: 38755667 PMCID: PMC11100108 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01779-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to systematically review the relationship between occupational burnout and work pressure among Chinese police officers. Additionally, the study explored the mediating role of coping styles using a meta-analytic structural equation model. The investigation involved a thorough search of CNKI, PubMed, PsychInfo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, resulting in the identification of a total of 39 studies with 124 effect sizes and 14,089 police officers. The findings revealed a positive correlation between work pressure and occupational burnout among Chinese police officers (r = 0.410, 95% CI = [0.347, 0.469]). Furthermore, negative coping styles mediate the relationship between work pressure and occupational burnout. Importantly, these conclusions held true across various work regions for police officers. These results provide insights into the relationship magnitude between work pressure and occupational burnout in Chinese police work and shed light on the underlying mechanisms. Based on these findings, it is recommended that interventions focusing on reducing work pressure and fostering positive coping styles be implemented to mitigate occupational burnout among police officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Zhou
- Hunan Police Academy, Changsha, 410138, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- School of Economics and Management, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China.
| | - Siru Chen
- School of Business, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, China
| | - Daokui Jiang
- Business School, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Xizheng Xu
- Hunan Police Academy, Changsha, 410138, China
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Wang J, Leung L, Jackson N, McClean M, Rose D, Lee ML, Stockdale SE. The association between population health management tools and clinician burnout in the United States VA primary care patient-centered medical home. BMC Prim Care 2024; 25:164. [PMID: 38750457 PMCID: PMC11094957 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technological burden and medical complexity are significant drivers of clinician burnout. Electronic health record(EHR)-based population health management tools can be used to identify high-risk patient populations and implement prophylactic health practices. Their impact on clinician burnout, however, is not well understood. Our objective was to assess the relationship between ratings of EHR-based population health management tools and clinician burnout. METHODS We conducted cross-sectional analyses of 2018 national Veterans Health Administration(VA) primary care personnel survey, administered as an online survey to all VA primary care personnel (n = 4257, response rate = 17.7%), using bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Our analytical sample included providers (medical doctors, nurse practitioners, physicians' assistants) and nurses (registered nurses, licensed practical nurses). The outcomes included two items measuring high burnout. Primary predictors included importance ratings of 10 population health management tools (eg. VA risk prediction algorithm, recent hospitalizations and emergency department visits, etc.). RESULTS High ratings of 9 tools were associated with lower odds of high burnout, independent of covariates including VA tenure, team role, gender, ethnicity, staffing, and training. For example, clinicians who rated the risk prediction algorithm as important were less likely to report high burnout levels than those who did not use or did not know about the tool (OR 0.73; CI 0.61-0.87), and they were less likely to report frequent burnout (once per week or more) (OR 0.71; CI 0.60-0.84). CONCLUSIONS Burned-out clinicians may not consider the EHR-based tools important and may not be using them to perform care management. Tools that create additional technological burden may need adaptation to become more accessible, more intuitive, and less burdensome to use. Finding ways to improve the use of tools that streamline the work of population health management and/or result in less workload due to patients with poorly managed chronic conditions may alleviate burnout. More research is needed to understand the causal directional of the association between burnout and ratings of population health management tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Wang
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Lucinda Leung
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
- Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation & Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111 Plummer Avenue, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Nicholas Jackson
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
- Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation & Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111 Plummer Avenue, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Michael McClean
- Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation & Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111 Plummer Avenue, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Danielle Rose
- Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation & Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111 Plummer Avenue, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA
| | - Martin L Lee
- Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation & Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111 Plummer Avenue, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Susan E Stockdale
- Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation & Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111 Plummer Avenue, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA.
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Cameron L, McCauley M, van den Broek N, McCauley H. The occurrence of and factors associated with mental ill-health amongst humanitarian aid workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292107. [PMID: 38748709 PMCID: PMC11095667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humanitarian crises and disasters affect millions of people worldwide. Humanitarian aid workers are civilians or professionals who respond to disasters and provide humanitarian assistance. In doing so, they face several stressors and traumatic exposures. Humanitarian aid workers also face unique challenges associated with working in unfamiliar settings. OBJECTIVE To determine the occurrence of and factors associated with mental ill-health among humanitarian aid workers. SEARCH STRATEGY CINAHL plus, Cochrane library, Global Health, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science were searched from 2005-2020. Grey literature was searched on Google Scholar. SELECTION CRITERIA PRISMA guidelines were followed and after double screening, studies reporting occurrence of mental ill-health were included. Individual narratives and case studies were excluded, as were studies that reported outcomes in non-humanitarian aid workers. DATA ANALYSIS Data on occurrence of mental ill-health and associated factors were independently extracted and combined in a narrative summary. A random effects logistic regression model was used for the meta-analysis. MAIN RESULTS Nine studies were included with a total of 3619 participants, reporting on five types of mental ill-health (% occurrence) including psychological distress (6.5%-52.8%); burnout (8.5%-32%); anxiety (3.8%-38.5%); depression (10.4%-39.0%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (0% to 25%). Hazardous drinking of alcohol ranged from 16.2%-50.0%. Meta-analysis reporting OR (95% CI) among humanitarian aid workers, for psychological distress was 0.45 (0.12-1.64); burnout 0.34 (0.27-0.44); anxiety 0.22 (0.10-0.51); depression 0.32 (0.18-0.57) and PTSD 0.11 (0.03-0.39). Associated factors included young age, being female and pre-existing mental ill-health. CONCLUSIONS Mental ill-health is common among humanitarian aid workers, has a negative impact on personal well-being, and on a larger scale reduces the efficacy of humanitarian organisations with delivery of aid and retention of staff. It is imperative that mental ill-health is screened for, detected and treated in humanitarian aid workers, before, during and after their placements. It is essential to implement psychologically protective measures for individuals working in stressful and traumatic crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Cameron
- Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mary McCauley
- Liverpool Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hannah McCauley
- Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Liu X, Xie CP. Person-organization fit and job burnout of researchers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Heterogeneity in eleven countries. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302296. [PMID: 38722928 PMCID: PMC11081233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To manage the negative impact of job burnout for the researchers, especially during COVID-19 pandemic, is not easy. Thus, it is essential for educational institutions to provide them with the support they need to improve the person-organization (P-O) fit. Drawing upon the data from the Nature's Global Survey initiated in 2021, this paper analyzed 2,424 effective samples from eleven countries in the world to investigate how P-O fit impacts researchers' job burnout in different countries and their career stages during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that both organizational support and P-O fit have significantly assisted researchers in all career stages to reduce job burnout. Moreover, P-O fit has a greater inhibitory effect on job burnout than organizational support. However, when resources are relatively scarce in some developing countries, it is more important to provide organizational support for researchers. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of organizational support and reduce researchers' job burnout, those aspects which are less fit but helpful should be increased appropriately. Moreover, it implies that it would be significant to emphasize the differentiated and career-stage-sensitive resources and support to researchers in different countries in the post-pandemic era to improve researchers' well-being and organizational performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Institute of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Kainalainen A, Korhonen P, Penttinen MA, Liira J. Job stress and burnout among Finnish municipal employees without depression or anxiety. Occup Med (Lond) 2024; 74:235-241. [PMID: 38661817 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Job burnout is associated with job stress but also with mental health symptoms, depression and anxiety. AIMS This study aims to evaluate the effect of job stress on burnout without the effect of depression and anxiety. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 among 673 employees (88% female) from four public service sectors in Pori, Finland. Job burnout was assessed with the Bergen Burnout Indicator (BBI-15). Job stress was assessed by combining psychological risk factors (demand control, effort rewards and mental workload). Respondents who reported symptoms of depression and anxiety were excluded from the analyses. RESULTS Of the eligible study subjects (n = 617), 10% reported symptoms of at least mild burnout but only 1% severe burnout. The burnout symptoms varied from 6% to 21% by sector of public service. Job burnout was cumulatively associated with job stress factors. One job stress factor increased the risk of burnout 2-fold (relative risk [RR] 2.13; confidence interval [CI] 0.97-4.68), two factors 6-fold (RR 6.56; 2.92-14.8Or), and three factors even more (RR 23.5; CI 8.67-63.8). Similar trends were observed in the analysis of job burnout components (exhaustion, cynicism and professional inadequacy). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that job burnout is also strongly associated with job stress in employees who do not have depressive or anxiety symptoms. As job burnout may precede clinical depression or reduce productivity and well-being at work, it is essential to perform surveys to monitor burnout symptoms among the workforce, and design interventions to prevent remarkable job strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kainalainen
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - P Korhonen
- Department of General Practice, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M A Penttinen
- Department of General Practice, University of Turku, Suomen Terveystalo, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - J Liira
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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May A, Raber H, Tingey B, Locke AB, Mullin S, Nickman NA, Qeadan F. The association between number of learners and pharmacist and technician levels of burnout. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024; 81:370-384. [PMID: 38237931 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxad339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the relationship between learner load and pharmacist and pharmacy technician burnout. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between burnout and the number of learners (residents, students, and new employees) assigned to pharmacists or pharmacy technicians. METHODS A validated survey to measure burnout and professional fulfillment was administered to employees of a university health system's pharmacy service in 2019. A threshold analysis determined the optimal cutoff for number of learners trained that maximized the ability to predict binary outcomes. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used, and effect sizes between percentages were reported. Finally, the adjusted associations between number of learners and outcomes were assessed using logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 448 pharmacy staff members were included in the analysis. Of those, 57% (n = 254) worked in ambulatory care, 27.4% (n = 122) worked in an inpatient setting, and 15.7% (n = 70) worked in infrastructure. Pharmacists working in an inpatient setting who reported training 4 or more learners per year indicated significantly higher rates of burnout than those training fewer learners on both a single-item burnout assessment (64.3% vs 31.0%; P = 0.01; effect size, 0.68) and a 10-item burnout assessment (54.8% vs 13.8%; P = 0.01; effect size, 0.91). Similar results were not observed in pharmacists working in ambulatory care and infrastructure positions or in pharmacy technicians. CONCLUSION Added precepting and training responsibilities may be associated with higher levels of burnout among pharmacy team members, particularly inpatient pharmacists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisyn May
- ARUP Health & Wellness, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hanna Raber
- University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ben Tingey
- Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Amy B Locke
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Nancy A Nickman
- University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Fares Qeadan
- Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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Crișan CA, Pop R, Stretea R, Milhem Z, Forray AI. Coping strategies, resilience and quality of life: reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic among Romanian physicians. Hum Resour Health 2024; 22:28. [PMID: 38715124 PMCID: PMC11075254 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-024-00909-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has presented multiple psychological challenges for healthcare workers, such as anxiety, depression, burnout, and substance use disorders. In this research, we investigate the different ways Romanian physicians dealt with the difficult period of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also analyze how positive and negative stress-reducing strategies, as well as demographic variables, affect their psychological resilience and quality of life. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of how physicians coped with the unprecedented global health challenges. METHODS We carried out a national cross-sectional study of 265 physicians in Romania between January 2021 and January 2022 using a web-based questionnaire. The study employed a web-based questionnaire to assess coping mechanisms using the COPE inventory, resilience through the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC 25), and quality of life via the WHOQOL-BREF scale. The COPE inventory, consisting of 60 items across 15 subscales, categorizes coping strategies into problem-focused, emotion-focused, and dysfunctional types, with each item rated on a 4-point scale. The CD-RISC 25 measures resilience on a 5-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 0 to 100. WHOQOL-BREF assesses quality of life through 26 items in 4 domains: physical, mental, social relations, and environmental, scored from 1 to 5 and converted to a 0-100 scale for domain scores. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were employed to discern the intricate relationships between coping strategies, resilience levels, quality of life dimensions, and pertinent demographic factors. RESULTS The average CD-RISC score among participants was 66.2. The mean scores for the values for the QOL subscales were 64.0 for physical well-being, 61.7 for psychological well-being, 61.2 for social relationships, and 64.7 for environment. Individuals tend to use problem-focused and emotion-focused coping more than dysfunctional mechanisms, according to the COPE inventory. Problem-focused and emotion-focused coping are positively correlated with resilience, while dysfunctional coping is negatively correlated. Resilience is significantly influenced by gender and professional status, with males and senior specialists reporting higher levels while younger physicians and residents reporting lower levels. CONCLUSIONS Our data points to specific protective characteristics and some detrimental factors on physicians' resilience and quality of life during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălina Angela Crișan
- Department of Neurosciences, Discipline of Psychiatry and Pediatric Psychiatry, Iuliu Hațieganu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Răzvan Pop
- Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 400347, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Roland Stretea
- Department of Neurosciences, Discipline of Psychiatry and Pediatric Psychiatry, Iuliu Hațieganu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zaki Milhem
- Department of Neurosciences, Discipline of Psychiatry and Pediatric Psychiatry, Iuliu Hațieganu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina-Ioana Forray
- Department of Community Medicine, Discipline of Public Health and Management, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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King N, Lewis EG, Kinnison T, Langridge A, Civai C, May SA, Cardwell JM. Mental health of veterinary nurses and student veterinary nurses: A scoping review. Vet Rec 2024; 194:e4091. [PMID: 38622978 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.4091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown that veterinarians around the world are at high risk of mental health problems, but far less research has examined the mental health of veterinary nurses (VNs) and student veterinary nurses (SVNs). This scoping review aimed to map existing evidence on this topic and identify knowledge gaps. METHODS Literature searches of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar were conducted, and a structured screening and selection procedure was applied. To be included, studies had to be peer reviewed, report relevant results specific to VNs and/or SVNs, and provide descriptive statistics if using quantitative methods. RESULTS Of the 2118 publications identified, only 13 journal articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings were summarised in five categories: mental health and wellbeing, burnout, stress, compassion fatigue and moral distress. While the findings of five of the studies suggested that some VNs and SVNs experienced some form of poor mental health, these studies lacked generalisability or transferability for multiple reasons. There was also inconsistency and ambiguity in the interpretation of findings, as well as incompatible or oversimplified definitions of mental health problems. LIMITATIONS Our review excluded grey literature, such as reports, theses and conference presentations, as a preliminary search found very little empirical research on VNs' and SVNs' mental health in this type of publication. CONCLUSIONS More research is needed to address the gaps in the existing evidence supporting our understanding of VN and SVN mental health. This should establish baseline measures and include comparisons with other occupational and national populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi King
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Elisa G Lewis
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Tierney Kinnison
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Alison Langridge
- The College of Animal Welfare & CAW Business School, Godmanchester, UK
| | - Claudia Civai
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Stephen Anthony May
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Jacqueline M Cardwell
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
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23
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Łaskawiec-Żuławińska D, Grajek M, Krupa-Kotara K, Szlacheta P, Karacan H, Roszak M, Łabuz-Roszak B, Korzonek-Szlacheta I. Burnout and Life Satisfaction among Healthcare Workers Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic (Silesia, Poland). Behav Neurol 2024; 2024:9945392. [PMID: 38725562 PMCID: PMC11081745 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9945392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The phenomenon of burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic is a widespread problem with several negative consequences for the healthcare system. The many stressors of the pandemic have led to an increased development of anxiety and depressive disorders in many healthcare workers. In addition, some manifested symptoms of the so-called postpandemic stress syndrome and the emergence of occupational burnout syndrome, commonly referred to as "COVID-19 burnout." The aim of this study was to assess the burnout and life satisfaction of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods The study was conducted in 2020-2022 among medical staff working in hospitals in Silesia, Poland. The instruments used to assess life satisfaction and burnout were the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DEP), and sense of reduced professional accomplishment (SRPA). Results The study group included 900 participants. There were 300 physicians (mean age 38 ± 7 years), 300 nurses (mean age 35 ± 6 years), and 300 paramedics (mean age 31 ± 5 years). Life satisfaction as measured by the SWLS was lowest among nurses and paramedics in 2021 and among doctors in 2022. Male respondents and those with fewer years of work had higher levels of life satisfaction. People with more years of work had higher scores in EE and DEP and lower scores in SRPA (p = 0.001). We found a negative correlation between life satisfaction and EE (p = 0.001), DEP (p = 0.001), and SRPA (p = 0.002). Conclusions The results highlight the need for further research into the causes of burnout among medical professionals and the need for effective interventions to promote well-being and prevent burnout in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Łaskawiec-Żuławińska
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Mateusz Grajek
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Karolina Krupa-Kotara
- Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Patryk Szlacheta
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Hasan Karacan
- Department of Eastern Languages and Literature, Cyprus Science University, Casaphani, Cyprus
| | - Mateusz Roszak
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Beata Łabuz-Roszak
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - Ilona Korzonek-Szlacheta
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Linzer M, Mallick S, Shah P, Becker A, Nankivil N, Poplau S, Patel SK, Nosal C, Sinsky CA, Goelz E, Stillman M, Alexandrou M, Sullivan EE, Brown R. Resident worklife and wellness through the late phase of the pandemic: a mixed methods national survey study. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24:484. [PMID: 38698362 PMCID: PMC11064291 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND System contributors to resident burnout and well-being have been under-studied. We sought to determine factors associated with resident burnout and identify at risk groups. METHODS We performed a US national survey between July 15 2022 and April 21, 2023 of residents in 36 specialties in 14 institutions, using the validated Mini ReZ survey with three 5 item subscales: 1) supportive workplace, 2) work pace/electronic medical record (EMR) stress, and 3) residency-specific factors (sleep, peer support, recognition by program, interruptions and staff relationships). Multilevel regressions and thematic analysis of 497 comments determined factors related to burnout. RESULTS Of 1118 respondents (approximate median response rate 32%), 48% were female, 57% White, 21% Asian, 6% LatinX and 4% Black, with 25% PGY 1 s, 25% PGY 2 s, and 22% PGY 3 s. Programs included internal medicine (15.1%) and family medicine (11.3%) among 36 specialties. Burnout (found in 42%) was higher in females (51% vs 30% in males, p = 0.001) and PGY 2's (48% vs 35% in PGY-1 s, p = 0.029). Challenges included chaotic environments (41%) and sleep impairment (32%); favorable aspects included teamwork (94%), peer support (93%), staff support (87%) and program recognition (68%). Worklife subscales were consistently lower in females while PGY-2's reported the least supportive work environments. Worklife challenges relating to burnout included sleep impairment (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.82 (95% CIs 1.94, 4.19), absolute risk difference (ARD) in burnout 15.9%), poor work control (aOR 2.25 (1.42, 3.58), ARD 12.2%) and chaos (aOR 1.73 (1.22, 2.47), ARD 7.9%); program recognition was related to lower burnout (aOR 0.520 (0.356, 0.760), ARD 9.3%). These variables explained 55% of burnout variance. Qualitative data confirmed sleep impairment, lack of schedule control, excess EMR and patient volume as stressors. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a nomenclature and systematic method for addressing well-being during residency. Work conditions for females and PGY 2's may merit attention first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Linzer
- Institute for Professional Worklife, Hennepin Healthcare, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA.
| | - Sanjoyita Mallick
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Purva Shah
- American Medical Association, 330 N. Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Anne Becker
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Nancy Nankivil
- American Medical Association, 330 N. Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sara Poplau
- Institute for Professional Worklife, Hennepin Healthcare, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Shivani K Patel
- American Medical Association, 330 N. Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Caitlin Nosal
- American Medical Association, 330 N. Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Christine A Sinsky
- American Medical Association, 330 N. Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth Goelz
- Institute for Professional Worklife, Hennepin Healthcare, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Martin Stillman
- Institute for Professional Worklife, Hennepin Healthcare, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | | | - Erin E Sullivan
- Sawyer School of Business, Harvard Medical School and Suffolk University, 73 Tremont St, Boston, MA, 02108, USA
| | - Roger Brown
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin, 701 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
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25
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Meeks LM, Conrad SS, Nouri Z, Moreland CJ, Sheets ZC, Hu X, Dill MJ. Burnout Among Physicians With Disabilities. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2410701. [PMID: 38722631 PMCID: PMC11082676 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This survey study examines reported experiences of burnout, including emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, among physicians with disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Meeks
- Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
- Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
| | - Sarah S. Conrad
- Workforce Studies, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC
| | - Zakia Nouri
- Workforce Studies, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC
| | | | - Zoie C. Sheets
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xiaochu Hu
- Workforce Studies, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC
| | - Michael J. Dill
- Workforce Studies, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC
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26
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Mao P, Cai Z, Chen B, Sun X. The association between problematic internet use and burnout: A three-level meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:321-332. [PMID: 38302068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout has received considerable attention in recent years because of the adverse consequences for people. Theoretical perspectives propose that problematic internet use is a significant potential risk for burnout. Despite a plethora of studies showing a positive association between problematic internet use and burnout, there remains a contentious debate regarding the extent and direction of this association. METHODS This study aims to perform a three-level meta-analysis to evaluate the strength of the relationship between problematic internet use and burnout through a quantitative synthesis of eligible studies published until April 2023. RESULTS A total of 42 studies with 54,121 participants and 103 effect sizes were identified. The results indicated a positive, moderate, and significant association between problematic internet use and burnout. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis found that this association was moderated by population, dimension of burnout, and the measure of burnout, however, some study features (i.e., region, type of problematic internet use, gender, and publication year) could not explain the heterogeneity across individual studies. LIMITATIONS Studies included in the current meta-analysis mainly used cross-sectional designs, which limited the potential to make inferences on the causal relationship between problematic internet use and burnout. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with problematic internet use have exhibited higher levels of burnout. Overall, these findings develop a deeper understanding of this association between problematic internet use and burnout and have implications for the direction of future research and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Mao
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhihui Cai
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Bizhong Chen
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaojun Sun
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China; Beijing Normal University Collaboration Innovation Center, Central China Normal University Branch, Wuhan 430079, China.
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27
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Hansen G, Burton-MacLeod S, Schellenberg KL. ALS Health care provider wellness. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:299-307. [PMID: 38069599 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2291710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interest in health care provider (HCP) wellness and burnout is increasing; however, minimal literature explores HCP wellness in the context of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) care. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine rates of burnout and resiliency, as well as challenges and rewards in the provision of ALS care. METHODS A survey link was sent to physicians at all Canadian ALS centers for distribution to ALS HCPs in their network. The survey included demographics questions, and validated measures for resiliency and burnout; the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) and the Single Item Burnout Score (SIBS). Participants were asked to describe challenges and rewards of ALS care, impact of COVID-19 pandemic, and how their workplace could better support them. RESULTS There were 85 respondents across multiple disciplines. The rate of burnout was 47%. Burnout for female respondents was significantly higher (p = 0.007), but not for age, role, or years in ALS clinic. Most participants were medium resilient copers n = 48 (56.5%), but resiliency was not related to burnout. Challenges included feeling helpless while patients relentlessly progressed to death, and emotionally charged interactions. Participants found fulfillment in providing care, and through relationships with patients and colleagues. There was a strongly expressed desire for increased resources, team building/debriefing, and formal training in emotional exhaustion and burnout. CONCLUSIONS The high rate of burnout and challenges of ALS care highlight the need for additional resources, team-building, and formal education around wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Hansen
- Divison of Pediatric Critical Care, Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatoon Canada
| | - Sarah Burton-MacLeod
- Divison of Palliative Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Kerri Lynn Schellenberg
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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28
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Kooragayala K, Joshi H, Goodwin B, Spitz FR, Hong YK. Impact of hybrid work on healthcare provider burnout in surgery. Am J Surg 2024; 231:137-139. [PMID: 38143214 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Kooragayala
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Hansa Joshi
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | - Frank R Spitz
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Young K Hong
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA.
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Dugger J. Predictive and Associated Factors of Burnout in Nursing Faculty: An Integrative Review. Nurse Educ 2024; 49:E142-E146. [PMID: 37815286 DOI: 10.1097/nne.0000000000001533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurse educators are at high risk of experiencing burnout, resulting in high numbers of vacant faculty positions. PURPOSE The aims of this integrative review were to review the prevalence of measurable dimensions of professional burnout and discuss the predictive and associated factors of burnout and intent to leave nursing academia. APPROACH This review used the Whittemore and Knafl integrative review methodology to perform a structured search of 4 electronic databases (CINAHL, ERIC, EMBASE, and PubMed). OUTCOMES Nine empirical research studies measured 5 identifiable features of burnout in nursing educators: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, lack of accomplishment, compassion satisfaction, and secondary traumatic stress. Five predictors of intent to leave nursing academia were identified: demographics, health status, salary, workload, and work-life imbalance. CONCLUSIONS The highest contributing factor to burnout and intent to leave nursing academia is high workload levels and lack of work-life balance. Nursing faculty report moderate to high levels of all dimensions of professional burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Dugger
- Author Affiliation: PhD student, Department of Graduate Studies, Texas Woman's University College of Nursing, Houston
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30
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Alexandrou M, Simsek B, Rempakos A, Kostantinis S, Karacsonyi J, Rangan BV, Mastrodemos OC, Allana SS, Rao SV, Linzer M, Egred M, Milkas A, Sandoval Y, Burke MN, Brilakis ES. Burnout in cardiology: a narrative review. J Invasive Cardiol 2024; 36. [PMID: 38422526 DOI: 10.25270/jic/23.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The frequency of burnout is rising among cardiologists, affecting not only their well-being but also the quality of patient care. Computerization of practice, bureaucracy, excessive workload, lack of control/autonomy, hostile and hectic work environments, insufficient income, and work life imbalance are the main categories listed as contributing factors to cardiologists' burnout. Organization- and physician-directed interventions can be impactful; however, the effectiveness and feasibility of these interventions have rarely been assessed in cardiology. This review summarizes recent publications on burnout in cardiology, discusses the contributing factors and implications of burnout on physicians' health and patient safety, and explores possible interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaella Alexandrou
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bahadir Simsek
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Athanasios Rempakos
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Spyridon Kostantinis
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Judit Karacsonyi
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bavana V Rangan
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Olga C Mastrodemos
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Salman S Allana
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sunil V Rao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark Linzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; 4nstitute for Professional Worklife, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mohaned Egred
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Yader Sandoval
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - M Nicholas Burke
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emmanouil S Brilakis
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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31
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Jefferson FA, Fadel A, Findlay BL, Robinson MO, Seyer AK, Koo K, Granberg CF, Boorjian SA, Anderson KT. The prevalence of impostor phenomenon and its association with burnout amongst urologists. BJU Int 2024; 133:579-586. [PMID: 38378021 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterise the prevalence of impostor phenomenon (IP; tendency for high-achieving individuals to perceive themselves as fraudulent in their successes) amongst attending staff in urology, to identify variables that predict more severe impostorism, and to study the association of IP with burnout. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A survey composed of the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), demographic information, practice details, and burnout levels was e-mailed to urologists via urological subspecialty societies. Survey results were analysed to identify associations between IP severity, survey respondent characteristics, and symptoms of professional burnout. This study was conducted in the United States of America. RESULTS A total of 614 survey responses were received (response rate 11.0%). In all, 40% (n = 213) of responders reported CIPS scores qualifying as either 'frequent' or 'intense' impostorism (i.e., scores of 61-100). On multivariable analysis, female gender, fewer years in practice (i.e., 0-2 years), and lower academic rank were all independently associated with higher CIPS scores (adjusted P < 0.05). Regarding burnout, 46% of responders reported burnout symptoms. On multivariable analysis, increase in CIPS score was independently associated with higher odds of burnout (odds ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.07; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Impostor phenomenon is prevalent in the urological community and is experienced more severely in younger and female urologists. IP is also independently associated with burnout. Increased female representation may improve IP amongst our female colleagues. More work is needed to determine strategies that are effective in mitigating feelings of IP and professional burnout amongst urologists, particularly those earlier in their careers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Fadel
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Amanda K Seyer
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kevin Koo
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Wang X, Yang M, Ren L, Wang Q, Liang S, Li Y, Li Y, Zhan Q, Huang S, Xie K, Liu J, Li X, Wu S. Burnout and depression in college students. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115828. [PMID: 38518519 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Research on burnout has garnered considerable attention since its inception. However, the ongoing debate persists regarding the conceptual model of burnout and its relationship with depression. Thus, we conducted a network analysis to determine the dimensional structure of burnout and the burnout-depression overlap. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used to measure burnout and depression among 1096 college students. We constructed networks for burnout, depression, and a burnout-depression co-occurrence network. The results showed that cynicism symptom was the most central to the burnout network. In the co-occurrence network, depressive symptoms ("anhedonia", "fatigue") and burnout symptom ("doubting the significance of studies") were the most significant in causing burnout-depression comorbidity. Community detection revealed three communities within burnout symptoms, aligning closely with their three dimensions identified through factor analysis. Additionally, there was no overlap between burnout and depression. In conclusion, our findings support a multidimensional structure of burnout, affirming it as a distinct concept separate from depression. Cynicism, rather than exhaustion, plays the most important role in burnout and the burnout-depression comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyang Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Military Psychology Section, Logistics University of PAP, 300309, Tianjin, China; Military Mental Health Services & Research Center, 300309, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyi Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyi Liang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yahong Li
- Air Force Hospital of Central Theater Command, 037006, Datong, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Li
- Academic Affair Office, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingchen Zhan
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shen Huang
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, 710000, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kangning Xie
- School of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Outpatient, 986 Hospital of Air Force, 710054, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinhong Li
- Department of General Practice, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shengjun Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Lim R, Alvarez A, Cameron B, Gray S. Breaking point: the hidden crisis of emergency physician burnout. CAN J EMERG MED 2024; 26:297-301. [PMID: 38598075 DOI: 10.1007/s43678-024-00659-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrick Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Western Ontario, Children's Health Research Institute, Children's Hospital at London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Al'ai Alvarez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Brittany Cameron
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Gray
- Division of Emergency Medicine and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Khan R, Tang M, Azhar A, Bruera E. The Administrative Burden on Palliative Academic Physicians. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024; 67:e399-e402. [PMID: 38331231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Burnout is frequently a workload-related syndrome among palliative care physicians. Mandatory administrative activities contribute to this workload. The purpose of this study was to measure the amount of time involved in multiple required administrative activities and the cost of this on academic healthcare facilities. METHODS We measured all mandatory and non-mandatory activities that need to be completed by faculty and reviewed them with all Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine members for accuracy. RESULTS Every faculty member spends annually an approximate average of 5300 minutes on administrative activities (approximately the equivalent of 29 consults plus 133 follow-ups). Using the department net average per encounter, the approximate value of these encounters is $36,936 for each faculty member (about 11 clinical days). CONCLUSION Academic palliative care physicians are required to complete a number of administrative activities. Institutions do not keep a registry of these activities and do not accommodate for them with a reduction in the annual clinical productivity requirements. We recommend that regulatory agencies and institutions work together to better regulate this list of tasks and their frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Khan
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (R.K., M.T., A.A., E.B.), Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Palliative Care (R.K., M.T., A.A., E.B.), Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Michael Tang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (R.K., M.T., A.A., E.B.), Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Palliative Care (R.K., M.T., A.A., E.B.), Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ahsan Azhar
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (R.K., M.T., A.A., E.B.), Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Palliative Care (R.K., M.T., A.A., E.B.), Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (R.K., M.T., A.A., E.B.), Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Palliative Care (R.K., M.T., A.A., E.B.), Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Sergesketter AR, Butler PD, Gosman AA, Leis A, Baynosa RC, Momeni A, Greives MR, Sears ED, Park JE, Butterworth JA, Janis JE, Rezak K, Patel A. Defining the Incidence of the Impostor Phenomenon in Academic Plastic Surgery: A Multi-Institutional Survey Study. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 153:1022e-1031e. [PMID: 37307036 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impostor phenomenon occurs when high-achieving individuals have persistent self-doubt despite objective measures of competence and success, and has been associated with professional burnout and attenuated career advancement in medical specialties. This study aimed to define the incidence and severity of the impostor phenomenon in academic plastic surgery. METHODS A cross-sectional survey containing the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (range, 0 to 100; higher scores indicate greater severity of impostor phenomenon) was distributed to residents and faculty from 12 academic plastic surgery institutions across the United States. Generalized linear regression was used to assess demographic and academic predictors of impostor scores. RESULTS From a total of 136 resident and faculty respondents (response rate, 37.5%), the mean impostor score was 64 (SD 14), indicating frequent impostor phenomenon characteristics. On univariate analysis, mean impostor scores varied by gender (67.3 for women versus 62.0 for men; P = 0.03) and academic position (66.5 for residents versus 61.6 for attendings; P = 0.03), but did not vary by race or ethnicity; postgraduate year of training among residents; or academic rank, years in practice, or fellowship training among faculty (all P > 0.05). After multivariable adjustment, female gender was the only factor associated with higher impostor scores among plastic surgery residents and faculty (estimate 2.3; 95% CI, 0.03 to 4.6; P = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of the impostor phenomenon may be high among residents and faculty in academic plastic surgery. Impostor characteristics appear to be tied more to intrinsic characteristics, including gender, rather than years in residency or practice. Further research is needed to understand the influence of impostor characteristics on career advancement in plastic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paris D Butler
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine
| | - Amanda A Gosman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine
| | - Amber Leis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine
| | - Richard C Baynosa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Medicine
| | - Arash Momeni
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University
| | - Matthew R Greives
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Erika D Sears
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School and Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research
| | - Julie E Park
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch
| | | | - Jeffrey E Janis
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ohio State University Medical Center
| | - Kristen Rezak
- From the Division of Plastic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Duke University
| | - Ashit Patel
- From the Division of Plastic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Duke University
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Slovin A, Bora S, Barber JR, Kloster HM, Rogers SR, Green CM, Selbst SM, Kemper KJ, Serwint JR, Garg A, Lim SW. Meaningful Work, Career Fit, and Professional Well-Being of Pediatric Academicians in the United States. Hosp Pediatr 2024; 14:364-373. [PMID: 38596849 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2022-007080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine associations between time spent in academic activities perceived as meaningful and professional well-being among academic pediatrics faculty. METHODS The sample comprised 248 full-time pediatric faculty (76% female, 81% white, non-Hispanic, 41% instructor or assistant professor) across the United States who completed an online survey in November 2019. Survey items included sociodemographic and professional characteristics, professional well-being measures (Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index; Maslach Burnout Inventory; Intention to Leave Academic Medicine), perceived meaningfulness of academic activities and assigned time to those activities. We defined global career fit as total percentage time assigned to professional activities considered meaningful by individuals, and activity-specific career fit as percentage time assigned to each meaningful professional activity. RESULTS As global career fit scores increased, professional fulfillment increased (r = 0.45, P < .001), whereas burnout (r = -0.29, P < .001) and intention to leave (r = -0.22, P < .001) decreased. Regarding activity-specific career fit, for individuals who considered patient care meaningful, as assigned time to patient care increased, professional fulfillment decreased (r = -0.14, P = .048) and burnout (r = 0.16, P = .02) and intention to leave (r = 0.26, P < .001) increased. There was no significant correlation between assigned time for teaching, research, or advocacy and professional well-being. Faculty were less likely to intend to leave academic medicine as assigned time increased for administrative or leadership activities if considered meaningful (r = -0.24, P = .01). CONCLUSIONS Time assigned to meaningful work activities may relate to professional well-being of academic pediatrics faculty. More time assigned to patient care, despite being meaningful, was associated with poor self-reported professional well-being. Effort allocation among diverse academic activities needs to be optimized to improve faculty well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariella Slovin
- Division of General Pediatrics, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Samudragupta Bora
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John R Barber
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Heidi M Kloster
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Stephen R Rogers
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cori M Green
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Steven M Selbst
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Nemours Children's Hospital, Wilmington, Delaware Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathi J Kemper
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Janet R Serwint
- Division of General Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Arvin Garg
- Child Health Equity Center, Department of Pediatrics, UMass Chan Medical School, UMass Memorial Children's Medical Center, Worcester, Massachussetts; and
| | - Sylvia W Lim
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Kramuschke M, Renner A, Kersting A. [Burnout : Symptoms, diagnostics and treatment approaches]. Nervenarzt 2024; 95:484-493. [PMID: 38625570 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-024-01649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Burnout syndrome is characterized by the triad of symptoms exhaustion, mental distance from work activities and a feeling of ineffectiveness. The syndrome is not an independent mental disorder but can be coded in the 10th Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) as a problem related to difficulties in coping with life (Z73) and in ICD-11 as a qualifying diagnosis (QD85). This article discusses the prevalence and comorbidities of burnout syndrome, taking the methodological difficulties in conceptualizing and operationalizing the construct into account. In addition, it provides an overview of available measurement instruments and their validation. Furthermore, it discusses work-related and individual factors in the development of burnout syndrome as well as analysis of the effectiveness of treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kramuschke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - A Renner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - A Kersting
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
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Yuan CM, Young BY, Watson MA, Sussman AN. Protected Time for Program Administration among Nephrology Program Leadership in the United States. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 19:583-590. [PMID: 38190147 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2022, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education reduced minimum program director protected time for program administration from 10 to 8 h/wk, with no core faculty requirement. We surveyed program leaders regarding the effect of these changes. METHODS This is an anonymous, online survey of all US adult nephrology program directors (March 2023), who forwarded core faculty/associate program director (APD) surveys. The questions included protected time in 2022-2023 and 2021-2022, whether it was sufficient, estimated time needed, and two validated single-item burnout measures (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization). The analysis was descriptive. RESULTS Program directors: Their response was 62% (92/149), with geographic distribution/approved fellow positions similar to those nationally. Overall, protected time slightly increased from 2021 to 2022, largely in >6-fellow programs, but 42% (13/31) of these were still not meeting minimum requirements. Only 37% (30/81) agreed that they had sufficient protected time. Those with ≤6 fellows estimated needing 11±4 h/wk (15±4 h/wk with >6 fellows). Twenty-five percent (20/81) reported high levels of emotional exhaustion. Core faculty: 57 of 149 program directors (38%) forwarded the link to 454 faculty. Ninety-four percent of APDs (49/52) responded, reported 3±3 h/wk protected time (42% had none), and estimated needing 6±3 h/wk, regardless of program size. Sixty-seven of 402 core faculty (17%) responded, reported 2±3 h/wk (50% had none), and estimated needing 5±3 h/wk, regardless of program size. ≥85% of APDs and core faculty precepted clinical rotations, gave lectures, evaluated fellows, mentored scholarly work, and participated in recruitment. The majority assisted in fellow remediation. Thirty-four percent (15/44) of APDs and 21% (13/61) of core faculty reported high levels of emotional exhaustion. CONCLUSIONS Program leaders estimated minimum necessary program administration times (on the basis of program size) that exceeded the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requirements. APDs/core faculty contributed substantially to nonclinical training. Thirty-four percent of APDs and 25% of program directors had a high likelihood of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Yuan
- Nephrology Service, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brian Y Young
- Division of Nephrology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Maura A Watson
- Nephrology Service, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amy N Sussman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona
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Pillado E, Li RD, Chia MC, Eng JS, DiLosa K, Grafmuller L, Conway A, Escobar GA, Shaw P, Sheahan MG, Bilimoria KY, Hu YY, Coleman DM. Reported pain at work is a risk factor for vascular surgery trainee burnout. J Vasc Surg 2024; 79:1217-1223. [PMID: 38215953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related pain is a known risk factor for vascular surgeon burnout. It risks early attrition from our workforce and is a recognized threat to the specialty. Our study aimed to understand whether work-related pain similarly contributed to vascular surgery trainee well-being. METHODS A confidential, voluntary survey was administered after the 2022 Vascular Surgery In-Service Examination to trainees in all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited vascular surgery programs. Burnout was measured by a modified, abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory; pain after a full day of work was measured using a 10-point Likert scale and then dichotomized as "no to mild pain" (0-2) vs "moderate to severe pain" (3-9). Univariable analyses and multivariable regression assessed associations of pain with well-being indicators (eg, burnout, thoughts of attrition, and thoughts of career change). Pain management strategies were included as additional covariables in our study. RESULTS We included 527 trainees who completed the survey (82.2% response rate); 38% reported moderate to severe pain after a full day of work, of whom 73.6% reported using ergonomic adjustments and 67.0% used over-the-counter medications. Significantly more women reported moderate to severe pain than men (44.3% vs 34.5%; P < .01). After adjusting for gender, training level, race/ethnicity, mistreatment, and dissatisfaction with operative autonomy, moderate-to-severe pain (odds ratio, 2.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-4.26) and using physiotherapy as pain management (odds ratio, 3.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-9.14) were risk factors for burnout. Moderate to severe pain was not a risk factor for thoughts of attrition or career change after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Physical pain is prevalent among vascular surgery trainees and represents a risk factor for trainee burnout. Programs should consider mitigating this occupational hazard by offering ergonomic education and adjuncts, such as posture awareness and microbreaks during surgery, early and throughout training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Pillado
- Northwestern Quality Improvement, Research, & Education in Surgery (NQUIRES) Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Ruojia Debbie Li
- Northwestern Quality Improvement, Research, & Education in Surgery (NQUIRES) Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Matthew C Chia
- Northwestern Quality Improvement, Research, & Education in Surgery (NQUIRES) Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Joshua S Eng
- Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kathryn DiLosa
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Leanne Grafmuller
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Allan Conway
- Division of Vascular Surgery Lenox Hill Hospital, Department of Surgery, Northwell Health, New York, NY
| | - Guillermo A Escobar
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Palma Shaw
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Malachi G Sheahan
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Karl Y Bilimoria
- Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Yue-Yung Hu
- Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Dawn M Coleman
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC.
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Luehring MC, Romani PW, Ariefdjohan M. Preliminary evaluation of behavior technician burnout when working with boarded and traditional psychiatric inpatients diagnosed with developmental disabilities. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 37:e12461. [PMID: 38564318 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a youth mental health crisis, with research demonstrating an increased prevalence of depression, anxiety, and disruptive behavior in youth compared to pre-pandemic years. Consequently, the insurgence of emergency psychiatric evaluations has increased the demands for extended inpatient stay (or patient boarding) at various licensed treatment facilities. Questions remain about the extent of burnout being experienced by behavior technicians who are caring for these patients. METHODS The Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure was used to evaluate symptoms of burnout of behavior technicians practicing at a specialized psychiatric inpatient unit. Comparisons were made for instances of caring for boarded (meeting criteria for discharge but unable to be discharged due to disposition) and traditional patients (short-term treatment). FINDINGS Behavior technicians caring for boarded patients reported significantly higher scores in overall stress, physical exhaustion, cognitive fatigue, and emotional exhaustion than those managing patients getting traditional care. CONCLUSIONS Extensive burnout can have adverse impacts at both the personal level (staff well-being, individual staff-patient interactions) and clinic level (daily operations and service, general quality of care). Efforts need to be made to address this issue to prevent staff turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew C Luehring
- Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Patrick W Romani
- Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Merlin Ariefdjohan
- Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Division, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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von Känel R, Princip M, Holzgang SA, Rossi A, Giannopoulos AA, Buechel RR, Zuccarella-Hackl C, Pazhenkottil AP. Association Between Global Sleep Quality and Coronary Microvascular Function in Male Physicians With Occupational Burnout. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:216-226. [PMID: 37982536 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Occupational burnout has been associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease, although the mechanisms involved are elusive. We investigated whether poor global sleep quality is associated with impaired coronary microvascular function in male physicians, a professional group at increased risk of burnout. METHODS Study participants were 30 male physicians with clinical burnout and 30 controls without burnout defined by the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Global sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Endothelium-dependent (cold pressor test) and endothelium-independent (adenosine challenge) coronary microvascular functions were quantified with myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography. In multivariable analyses, the interaction between burnout and the PSQI global score was regressed on measures of coronary microvascular function, adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and main effects of burnout and PSQI score. RESULTS The prevalence of poor sleepers (PSQI score >5) was 40% in the burnout group and 10% in the control group. Adjusting for covariates, burnout-by-global PSQI score interactions were observed for myocardial blood flow (MBF) at rest ( r partial = -0.30, p = .025), endothelium-dependent coronary flow reserve ( r partial = -0.26, p = .062), MBF response ( r partial = -0.30, p = .028), and hyperemic MBF ( r partial = -0.34, p = .012). The global PSQI score was inversely associated with these MBF measures in the burnout group relative to the control group. No significant interactions emerged for endothelium-independent MBF. CONCLUSIONS In male physicians with occupational burnout, poor global sleep quality was associated with reduced endothelium-dependent coronary microvascular function, suggesting a mechanism by which burnout may affect cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland von Känel
- From the Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine (von Känel, Princip, Holzgang, Zuccarella-Hackl, Pazhenkottil), Cardiac Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine (Rossi, Giannopoulos, Buechel, Pazhenkottil), and Department of Cardiology (Pazhenkottil), University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Spencer-Hwang R, Cruz A, Ong MY, Chitanda A, Harvey Y, Hwang J, Shah H, Tamares S, Wilber L. Prevalence of Burnout Among Public Health Professionals: A Systematic Review. J Public Health Manag Pract 2024; 30:384-393. [PMID: 38603744 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Since the initial outbreak of COVID-19, health professionals-both clinical health care, as well as public health concentrations-have faced tremendous pressures. A growing body of literature indicates the pandemic has magnified already prevalent burnout rates among clinical health professionals and to what extent for public health professionals remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE This study purpose is to conduct a systematic review of literature examining burnout prevalence among public health professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic-nationally and internationally-with identification of potential risk factors. DESIGN We conducted a literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, and ClinicalKey since inception through April 4, 2023. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed, original research studies (qualitative or quantitative), in English, assessing prevalence of, or risk factors for, burnout in public health professionals. Two authors independently screened abstracts, titles, full report of studies and abstracted data related to burnout. This review was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute Systematic Reviews guidelines and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines with narrative synthesis. Protocol for this review registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023424468). RESULTS Of 3327 health-related articles mentioning burnout, 15 met inclusion criteria (11 quantitative and 4 qualitative) with 10 in international settings and 5 in US majority of quantitative studies were from international settings and only 1 in United States. Seventy-eight percent of studies that included prevalence data, exhibited a burnout prevalence greater than 50% (with a range of 19%-81%). The pandemic likely heightened (13% increase) already elevated burnout prevalence. Major risk factors identified included overwork, lack of support, changing roles, and full-time employment status, though many risk factors had not been studied in the United States. CONCLUSIONS Burnout is prevalent among public health professionals, nationally and internationally, and likely heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic. More research is warranted assessing burnout among differing public health concentrations and interventions developed. Public health is an essential framework for protecting and promoting health nationally and internationally, and we need to ensure and support solidity of that framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda Spencer-Hwang
- Author Affiliations: School of Public Health, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California (Drs Spencer-Hwang, Shah, and Wilber, Mss Cruz, Chitanda, and Harvey, and Mr Hwang); Center for Evidence Synthesis, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California (Dr Spencer-Hwang and Ms Shanalee); School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California (Dr Ong); and Loma Linda University Health Library, Loma Linda, California (Ms Shanalee)
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Griffin BJ, Coyle PT, Weber MC, Benight CC, Morison M, Maguen S, Pyne J, Duncan MS, Brady RE, Wright H, Love T, Langenecker SA, Smith AJ. The Impact of Adjustment on Workplace Attitudes and Behaviors Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:e153-e159. [PMID: 38349316 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the impact of health care workers' (HCWs) adjustment to the COVID-19 pandemic on their work-related attitudes and behaviors. METHODS HCWs ( n = 1468) participated in an observational longitudinal study in which they completed surveys of anxiety and occupational health between 2020 and 2021. RESULTS Most HCWs reported anxiety that was consistently below the diagnostic threshold (68%) or fell below the threshold within a year (16%). Others reported consistently high (14%) or increasing (2%) anxiety, especially women, younger HCWs, those with a weakened immune system, and allied health professionals. Consistently high or increasing anxiety was associated with poorer job satisfaction, work engagement, perceived supervisor support, burnout, and turnover intentions. CONCLUSIONS Resources to support HCWs may be focused on those who report consistently high or increasing anxiety to minimize the effects of crises and disasters on the workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Griffin
- From the Center for Mental Healthcare and Outcomes Research, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas (B.J.G., M.C.W., J.P.); Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas (B.J.G., M.C.W., J.P.); Lyda Hill Institute for Human Resilience, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado (B.J.G., C.C.B., M.M., A.J.S.); School of Business, La Salle University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (P.T.C.); South Central Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Little Rock, Arkansas (M.C.W., J.P.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California (S.M.); San Francisco Veterans Health Care System, San Francisco, California (S.M.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth Health, Hanover, New Hampshire (M.S.D., R.E.B.); Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (H.W., T.L., A.J.S.); and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (S.A.L.)
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Kalinienė G, Ustinavičienė R, Lukšienė D, Žutautienė R, Kirvaitienė J, Vaičiulis V. Does the level of burnout differ between occupational groups in Lithuania? Front Public Health 2024; 12:1364886. [PMID: 38741906 PMCID: PMC11089120 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1364886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The strain on workers of the healthcare system and education sector increased psychological distress and burnout. This study aimed to distinguish the occupational group that is the most affected by occupational burnout and to reveal the scope of psychosocial risk factors among each occupational group. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that analyzed burnout syndrome among 1,046 participants of different occupational groups in association with psychosocial work environment factors in Lithuania. The anonymous questionnaire was composed of the standardized Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). To find out associations between psychosocial work environment factors and burnout dimensions, a multiple logistic regression model using the stepwise method was applied. Results The burnout levels in all three dimensions (personal, work-related, and client-related burnout) were significantly higher in physicians' and nurses' groups compared with public health professionals, teachers, and managers (p < 0.05). The job demands were associated with the personal burnout subscale for all occupations, except public health specialists - each one-unit increase of this variable significantly increased the probability of personal burnout from 10 to 16%, respectively by the occupation. Co-worker support was found to have a buffering effect for all occupational groups, except managers - and significantly reduced personal burnout for physicians (OR = 0.80), nurses (OR = 0.75), public health specialists (OR = 0.75), and teachers (OR = 0.79). Conclusion The burnout levels in all three dimensions differed between occupational groups: there were significantly higher in physicians' and nurses' groups compared with public health professionals, teachers, and managers. Considering the occupational preventive measures in the healthcare sector attention should be paid to the reduction of workload and ensuring good relations between co-workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintarė Kalinienė
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Faculty of Public Health, Health Research Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Ustinavičienė
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Lukšienė
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Population Studies of Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Žutautienė
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jolita Kirvaitienė
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vidmantas Vaičiulis
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Faculty of Public Health, Health Research Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Agyapong B, da Luz Dias R, Wei Y, Agyapong VIO. Burnout among elementary and high school teachers in three Canadian provinces: prevalence and predictors. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1396461. [PMID: 38737860 PMCID: PMC11082415 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1396461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Burnout is a longstanding issue among educators and has been associated with psychological and physical health problems such as depression, and insomnia. Objective To assess the prevalence and predictors of the three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of professional accomplishment) among elementary and high school teachers. Methods This is a quantitative cross-sectional study with data collected via an online survey. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator Survey (MBI-ES), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and the Perceived Stress Scale were used, respectively, to assess burnout, resilience and stress among teachers. Data was collected between September 1st, 2022 and August 30th, 2023. SPSS (version 28, IBM Corp) was used for the data analysis. Results Overall, 1912 educators received a link to the online survey via a text message, and 780 completed the burnout survey questions, resulting in a response rate of 41%. The prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of professional accomplishment were 76.9, 23.2, and 30.8%, respectively. Participants with high-stress symptoms were 6.88 times more likely to experience emotional exhaustion (OR = 6.88; 95% CI: 3.31-14.29), 2.55 times (OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.65-3.93) more likely to experience depersonalization and 2.34 times (OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.64-3.35) more likely to experience lack of professional fulfilment. Additionally, respondents with low resilience were 3.26 times more likely to experience emotional exhaustion symptoms (OR = 3.26; 95% CI: 2.00-5.31), than those with high resilience. Males were about 2.4 times more likely to present with depersonalization compared to female teachers, whilst those who indicated their marital status as partnered or cohabiting and those who selected "other" were 3.5 and 7.3 times, respectively, more likely to present with depersonalization compared with those who were single. Finally, Physical Education were 3.8 times more likely to present with depersonalization compared with English teachers. Conclusion The current study highlights the predictive effects of low resilience and high stress on the three dimensions of burnout among teachers in Canada. Interventions aimed at addressing systemic stress and fostering resilience are needed to reduce burnout among teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Agyapong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Raquel da Luz Dias
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Yifeng Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Vincent Israel Opoku Agyapong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Liu Z, Luo L, Dai H, Zhang B, Ma L, Xiang T. An important issue of burnout among pre-hospital emergency medical personnel in Chengdu: a cross-sectional study. BMC Emerg Med 2024; 24:69. [PMID: 38649815 PMCID: PMC11036575 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-024-00984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This survey aims to comprehensively understand occupational burnout among pre-hospital emergency medical personnel and explore associated risk factors. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey using a census method was conducted between 15 July, 2023, and ends on 14 August, 2023, in Chengdu, SiChuan province, China. The questionnaire included general demographic information, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) with 15 items, and the Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) with 14 items. Univariate analysis was conducted on all variables, followed by multivariate logistic regression models to examine the associations between occupational burnout and the risk factors. RESULTS A total of 2,299 participants,99.57% completed the survey effectively The participants were from 166 medical institutions in Chengdu, comprising 1,420 nurses (61.50%) and 889 clinical doctors (38.50%). A total of 33.36% participants experienced burnout, predominantly mild (30.27%), followed by moderate (2.78%) and severe (0.3%). Physicians, higher fatigue scores, age, work experience appeared to be related to burnout. Logistic regression models revealed that individuals aged over 50 were less prone to experience burnout compared to medical staff aged 18-30 (OR: 0.269, 95% CI: 0.115-0.627, p = 0.002). Physicians were more prone to experience burnout compared to nursing staff (OR: 0.690, 95% CI: 0.531-0.898, p = 0.006). Those with 0-5 years of experience were more prone to experience burnout compared to those with 6-10 years or over 15 years of experience (OR: 0.734, 95% CI: 0.547-0.986, p = 0.040; OR: 0.559, 95% CI: 0.339-0.924, p = 0.023). Additionally, for each 1-point increase in the fatigue score, the likelihood of burnout in medical staff increased by 1.367 times (OR: 1.367, 95% CI: 1.323-1.412, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Pre-hospital emergency medical personnel demonstrate a notable prevalence of mild job burnout. These results provide a groundwork for future focus on the various stages of job burnout within pre-hospital emergency staff, alerting hospital and departmental managers to promptly address the mental well-being of their personnel and intervene as needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiJiang Liu
- Chengdu medical emergency center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of emergency, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, 610031, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Dai
- Department of emergency, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, 610031, Chengdu, China
| | - Bihua Zhang
- College of medicine, southwest jiaotong university, 610036, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Chengdu medical emergency center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Xiang
- Department of emergency, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, 610031, Chengdu, China.
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Marck CH, Ayton D, Steward T, Koay HF, Wiley JF, Taiaroa G, Walton CC, Weld-Blundell I, Greaves MD, Singh A. The workplace culture, mental health and wellbeing of early- and mid-career health academics: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1122. [PMID: 38654184 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There are reports of poor working conditions for early and mid-career academics (EMCAs) in universities, however, empirical data using validated tools are scarce. We conducted an online, cross-sectional survey using validated tools to assess workplace satisfaction, exposure to workplace abuse, and mental health. Participants included employees of medical and health faculties of two of the largest Australian universities, surveyed between October 2020 and January 2021.Overall, 284 participants responded. Many reported job insecurity: half (50.7%) working on contracts with less than one remaining year. Workloads were considerable, with 89.5% of participants working overtime and 54.8% reporting burnout. Workplace abuse in the forms of bullying (46.6%), sexual harassment (25.3%), sexism (49.8%) and racism (22.5%) were commonly reported. Clinically significant symptoms of depression (28.0%), anxiety (21.7%) and suicidal ideation or self-harm (13.6%) were reported; with a higher prevalence among those working more overtime, and those exposed to workplace abuse. Priorities include providing a stable and safe workplace, increasing accountability and transparency in addressing workplace abuse, and supporting professional development.In summary, EMCAs in our study were commonly exposed to precarious employment conditions and workplace abuse. Our findings provide empirical evidence on where universities and funding bodies should direct resources and change organisational risk factors, to improve workplace culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia H Marck
- Disability and Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- The Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Darshini Ayton
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hui-Fern Koay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Joshua F Wiley
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - George Taiaroa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Courtney C Walton
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Isabelle Weld-Blundell
- Disability and Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew D Greaves
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Ankur Singh
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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Bezie AE, Getachew Yenealem D, Asega Belay A, Bitew Abie A, Abebaw T, Melaku C, Mamaye Y, Hailu Tesfaye A. Prevalence of work-related burnout and associated factors among police officers in central Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1355625. [PMID: 38716240 PMCID: PMC11074469 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1355625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Work-related burnout is a state of physical and psychological fatigue and exhaustion resulting from chronic workplace stress related to work. The police workforce is vulnerable to this psychosocial hazard, which affects service delivery by police workers. However, there is little evidence about the prevalence of work-related burnout and associated factors among police officers in Ethiopia. Therefore, this research investigated the prevalence and predictor variables of work-related burnout among police officers in central Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out from April 12 to May 12, 2023. A sample of 633 police officers was recruited through multistage random sampling techniques. To measure work-related burnout, a standardized, self-administered Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used. To enter the collected data, EpiData V 4.6 and to analyze SPSS V 26 were used. To examine the association between work-related burnout and its predictor variables, both bivariable (p < 0.2) and multivariable (<0.05) logistic regression analyses were performed, and statistical significance was established via multivariable logistic regression. Results The response rate in this study was 96.05% (n = 608). The majority, 452 (74.3%) of the police officers, were male; the median (IQR) age of participants was 28. In the past six months, 45.7% of the police officers had experienced work-related burnout (n = 278). Being female, having a high job demand, having a high level of organizational police stress, having a moderate level of operational police stress, having a high level of operational police stress, experiencing job dissatisfaction, and sleeping troubles were risk factors significantly related to the occurrence of work-related burnout among police officers. Conclusion According to this study, a significant number of police officers suffer from burnout due to their work. Police officers' work-related burnout was found to be influenced by factors such as sex, job demands, job satisfaction, workplace stress, organizational police stress, and sleeping troubles. To address this problem, improving the handling of work pressure, developing a stress management program, finding joy at work by improving interpersonal relationships and working conditions, offering support and inspiration to female police officers, and ensuring sufficient and restful sleep are advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmut Endalkachew Bezie
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Getachew Yenealem
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Azanaw Asega Belay
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Alebachew Bitew Abie
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Tadiwos Abebaw
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Christian Melaku
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Yimer Mamaye
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Martins P, Luzia RWS, Filho JAP, Welsh KS, Fuzikawa C, Nicolato R, Alemão MM, Gonçalves MA, Cavalheiro JC, Ávila ID, Veiga RT. Prevalence and factors associated with burnout among health professionals of a public hospital network during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298187. [PMID: 38648225 PMCID: PMC11034648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Burnout is most commonly defined as a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and ineffectiveness, which occurs in response to chronic stressors at work. It can adversely affect health workers' physical and mental health, and the quality of care provided. The COVID-19 pandemic increased stressors and could impact burnout prevalence in this group. There is a lack of information regarding the prevalence of burnout among hospital health workers in Brazil. A newer definition of burnout has been proposed that considers three different clinical profiles: the frenetic, underchallenged and worn-out subtypes. This differentiation could lead to interventions tailored for each subtype. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of burnout, its subtypes, and associated factors in workers of a public hospital network in Brazil, during the pandemic. A total of 143 randomly selected participants answered an online form that included sociodemographic and occupational items, and the Burnout Clinical Subtypes Questionnaire, a summarized version. This questionnaire evaluates three burnout dimensions (overload, lack of development, neglect) that can be used to discriminate the three burnout subtypes (frenetic, underchallenged, worn-out, respectively); higher scores indicate higher burnout levels. The prevalence of burnout was high (53.85%), similar to other studies during the pandemic. The most common subtypes were 'frenetic' (34.97%), characterized by increased efforts to meet work demands, to the point of neglecting personal needs, and 'lack of development' (23.78%), characterized by a sense that work is uninteresting and does not contribute to personal development, and a perfunctory behavior towards tasks. Age was associated with burnout: workers with less than 51 years presented higher levels of burnout. These findings indicate the need for effective interventions to prevent and/or treat burnout. The assessment of burnout subtypes can allow managers to better understand the processes affecting employees, and inform actions to improve workforce health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martins
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Richardson Warley Siqueira Luzia
- Statistics and Workforce Management Center at Hospital Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jair Alves Pereira Filho
- Statistics and Workforce Management Center at Hospital Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kelly Silva Welsh
- Ezequiel Dias Foundation (FUNED), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Fuzikawa
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Nicolato
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcia Mascarenhas Alemão
- Department of Health Management, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcio Augusto Gonçalves
- Department of Administrative Sciences, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Cavalheiro
- Department of Letters, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ianny Dumont Ávila
- Academic at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Teixeira Veiga
- Department of Administrative Sciences, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Super J, Vinnicombe Z, Little M, Gunnee M, Anakwe R. The effect of socioeconomic status and training programmes on burnout in postgraduate trainees in the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional analysis. Postgrad Med J 2024; 100:305-308. [PMID: 38297961 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgad145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Burnout is described as a state of mental exhaustion caused by one's professional life and is characterised by three domains: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and a reduced sense of accomplishment. The prevalence of stress is high amongst doctors and varies by specialty, gender, trainee level, and socioeconomic status. The authors set out to examine the scale of the problem, as well as to determine the influence of both socioeconomic status and chosen training programme on burnout amongst postgraduate trainees. This would identify at-risk groups and aid in future targeted interventions. METHODS Cross-sectional data were obtained, following approval from the General Medical Council, from The National Training Survey, completed annually by all trainees in the United Kingdom. Data were then anonymised and analysed. Burnout scores were derived from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory and are positively framed (higher scores equal lower burnout). RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 63 122 participants from 2019 to 2020. Mean burnout amongst all trainees was 52.4 (SD = 19.3). Burnout scores from the most deprived quintile was significantly lower compared with those from the least deprived quintile: 51.0 (SD = 20.6) versus 52.9 (SD = 18.9), respectively (P < 0.001). The highest levels of burnout were reported in Internal Medical Training, Emergency Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Core Surgical Training, respectively. CONCLUSION Postgraduates from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to encounter burnout during training. At-risk groups who may also benefit from targeted intervention have been identified, requiring further examination through future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Super
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, United Kingdom
| | - Zak Vinnicombe
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London SW17 0QT, United Kingdom
| | - Max Little
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Gunnee
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond Anakwe
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom
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