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Lu X, Zhan T, Zhou Q, Yang W, Liu K, Chen Y, Gao R, Hu J, Gu M, Hu S, Jiao XA, Wang X, Liu X, Liu X. The haemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein of velogenic Newcastle disease virus enhances viral infection through NF-κB-mediated programmed cell death. Vet Res 2024; 55:58. [PMID: 38715081 PMCID: PMC11077864 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein, a vital membrane glycoprotein, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Previously, we demonstrated that a mutation in the HN protein is essential for the enhanced virulence of JS/7/05/Ch, a velogenic variant NDV strain originating from the mesogenic vaccine strain Mukteswar. Here, we explored the effects of the HN protein during viral infection in vitro using three viruses: JS/7/05/Ch, Mukteswar, and an HN-replacement chimeric NDV, JS/MukHN. Through microscopic observation, CCK-8, and LDH release assays, we demonstrated that compared with Mukteswar and JS/MukHN, JS/7/05/Ch intensified the cellular damage and mortality attributed to the mutant HN protein. Furthermore, JS/7/05/Ch induced greater levels of apoptosis, as evidenced by the activation of caspase-3/8/9. Moreover, JS/7/05/Ch promoted autophagy, leading to increased autophagosome formation and autophagic flux. Subsequent pharmacological experiments revealed that inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy significantly impacted virus replication and cell viability in the JS/7/05/Ch-infected group, whereas less significant effects were observed in the other two infected groups. Notably, the mutant HN protein enhanced JS/7/05/Ch-induced apoptosis and autophagy by suppressing NF-κB activation, while it mitigated the effects of NF-κB on NDV infection. Overall, our study offers novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the increased virulence of NDV and serves as a reference for the development of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Qiwen Zhou
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Wenhao Yang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Kaituo Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Ruyi Gao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xin-An Jiao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
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Wei Q, Wang W, Meng F, Wang Y, Wei N, Tian J, Li H, Hao Q, Zhou Z, Liu H, Yang Z, Xiao S. The W195 Residue of the Newcastle Disease Virus V Protein Is Critical for Multiple Aspects of Viral Self-Regulation through Interactions between V and Nucleoproteins. Viruses 2024; 16:584. [PMID: 38675926 PMCID: PMC11054343 DOI: 10.3390/v16040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcription and replication of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strictly rely on the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, which is composed of viral NP, P, L and RNA. However, it is not known whether other viral non-RNP proteins participate in this process for viral self-regulation. In this study, we used a minigenome (MG) system to identify the regulatory role of the viral non-RNP proteins V, M, W, F and HN. Among them, V significantly reduced MG-encoded reporter activity compared with the other proteins and inhibited the synthesis of viral mRNA and cRNA. Further, V interacted with NP. A mutation in residue W195 of V diminished V-NP interaction and inhibited inclusion body (IB) formation in NP-P-L-cotransfected cells. Furthermore, a reverse-genetics system for the highly virulent strain F48E9 was established. The mutant rF48E9-VW195R increased viral replication and apparently enhanced IB formation. In vivo experiments demonstrated that rF48E9-VW195R decreased virulence and retarded time of death. Overall, the results indicate that the V-NP interaction of the W195 mutant V decreased, which regulated viral RNA synthesis, IB formation, viral replication and pathogenicity. This study provides insight into the self-regulation of non-RNP proteins in paramyxoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolin Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Fanxing Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Ning Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Jianxia Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Hanlue Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Qiqi Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zijie Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Haijin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Sa Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Q.W.); (F.M.); (Y.W.); (N.W.); (J.T.); (H.L.); (Q.H.); (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (Z.Y.)
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Shi Q, Zhao R, Chen L, Liu T, Di T, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Wang F, Han Z, Sun J, Liu S. Newcastle disease virus activates diverse signaling pathways via Src to facilitate virus entry into host macrophages. J Virol 2024; 98:e0191523. [PMID: 38334327 PMCID: PMC10949470 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01915-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
As an intrinsic cellular mechanism responsible for the internalization of extracellular ligands and membrane components, caveolae-mediated endocytosis (CavME) is also exploited by certain pathogens for endocytic entry [e.g., Newcastle disease virus (NDV) of paramyxovirus]. However, the molecular mechanisms of NDV-induced CavME remain poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate that sialic acid-containing gangliosides, rather than glycoproteins, were utilized by NDV as receptors to initiate the endocytic entry of NDV into HD11 cells. The binding of NDV to gangliosides induced the activation of a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, Src, leading to the phosphorylation of caveolin-1 (Cav1) and dynamin-2 (Dyn2), which contributed to the endocytic entry of NDV. Moreover, an inoculation of cells with NDV-induced actin cytoskeletal rearrangement through Src to facilitate NDV entry via endocytosis and direct fusion with the plasma membrane. Subsequently, unique members of the Rho GTPases family, RhoA and Cdc42, were activated by NDV in a Src-dependent manner. Further analyses revealed that RhoA and Cdc42 regulated the activities of specific effectors, cofilin and myosin regulatory light chain 2, responsible for actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, through diverse intracellular signaling cascades. Taken together, our results suggest that an inoculation of NDV-induced Src-mediated cellular activation by binding to ganglioside receptors. This process orchestrated NDV endocytic entry by modulating the activities of caveolae-associated Cav1 and Dyn2, as well as specific Rho GTPases and downstream effectors. IMPORTANCE In general, it is known that the paramyxovirus gains access to host cells through direct penetration at the plasma membrane; however, emerging evidence suggests more complex entry mechanisms for paramyxoviruses. The endocytic entry of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a representative member of the paramyxovirus family, into multiple types of cells has been recently reported. Herein, we demonstrate the binding of NDV to induce ganglioside-activated Src signaling, which is responsible for the endocytic entry of NDV through caveolae-mediated endocytosis. This process involved Src-dependent activation of the caveolae-associated Cav1 and Dyn2, as well as specific Rho GTPase and downstream effectors, thereby orchestrating the endocytic entry process of NDV. Our findings uncover a novel molecular mechanism of endocytic entry of NDV into host cells and provide novel insight into paramyxovirus mechanisms of entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankai Shi
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Linna Chen
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Di
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chunwei Zhang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zongxi Han
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shengwang Liu
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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Nan F, Nan W, Yan X, Wang H, Jiang S, Zhang S, Yu Z, Zhang X, Liu F, Li J, Zhou X, Niu D, Li Y, Wang W, Shi N, Jin N, Xie C, Cui X, Zhang H, Wang B, Lu H. Newcastle disease virus suppresses antigen presentation via inhibiting IL-12 expression in dendritic cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:254-270. [PMID: 38453639 PMCID: PMC10918410 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
As a potential vectored vaccine, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been subject to various studies for vaccine development, while relatively little research has outlined the immunomodulatory effect of the virus in antigen presentation. To elucidate the key inhibitory factor in regulating the interaction of infected dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells, DCs were pretreated with the NDV vaccine strain LaSota as an inhibitor and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for further detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, immunoblotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results revealed that NDV infection resulted in the inhibition of interleukin (IL)-12p40 in DCs through a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent manner, thus inhibiting the synthesis of IL-12p70, leading to the reduction in T cell proliferation and the secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6 induced by DCs. Consequently, downregulated cytokines accelerated the infection and viral transmission from DCs to T cells. Furthermore, several other strains of NDV also exhibited inhibitory activity. The current study reveals that NDV can modulate the intensity of the innate‒adaptive immune cell crosstalk critically toward viral invasion improvement, highlighting a novel mechanism of virus-induced immunosuppression and providing new perspectives on the improvement of NDV-vectored vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulong Nan
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenlong Nan
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Xin Yan
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shasha Jiang
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shuyun Zhang
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhongjie Yu
- Sino-Cell Biomed Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xianjuan Zhang
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhou
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Delei Niu
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ning Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Changzhan Xie
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Xiaoni Cui
- Sino-Cell Biomed Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China
| | - He Zhang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Special Medicine, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Huijun Lu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China.
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Sánchez D, Cesarman-Maus G, Romero L, Sánchez-Verin R, Vail D, Guadarrama M, Pelayo R, Sarmiento-Silva RE, Lizano M. The NDV-MLS as an Immunotherapeutic Strategy for Breast Cancer: Proof of Concept in Female Companion Dogs with Spontaneous Mammary Cancer. Viruses 2024; 16:372. [PMID: 38543739 PMCID: PMC10974497 DOI: 10.3390/v16030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes negatively impacts the response to chemotherapy and prognosis in all subtypes of breast cancer. Therapies that stimulate a proinflammatory environment may help improve the response to standard treatments and also to immunotherapies such as checkpoint inhibitors. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) shows oncolytic activity, as well as immune modulating potential, in the treatment of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo; however, its potential to enhance tumor-infiltrating immune cells in breast cancer has yet to be evaluated. Since spontaneous canine mammary tumors represent a translational model of human breast cancer, we conducted this proof-of-concept study, which could provide a rationale for further investigating NDV-MLS as immunotherapy for mammary cancer. Six female companion dogs with spontaneous mammary cancer received a single intravenous and intratumoral injection of oncolytic NDV-MLS. Immune cell infiltrates were evaluated by histology and immunohistochemistry in the stromal, intratumoral, and peritumoral compartments on day 6 after viral administration. Increasing numbers of immune cells were documented post-viral treatment, mainly in the peritumoral compartment, where plasma cells and CD3+ and CD3-/CD79- lymphocytes predominated. Viral administration was well tolerated, with no significant adverse events. These findings support additional research on the use of NDV-MLS immunotherapy for mammary cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- NorthStar VETS, Veterinary Emergency Trauma & Specialty Centers, Robbinsville, NJ 08691, USA
| | - Gabriela Cesarman-Maus
- Departamento de Hematología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Laura Romero
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.R.); (M.G.)
| | | | - David Vail
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Marina Guadarrama
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Unidad de Educación e Investigación, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, CIBIOR, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla 06720, Mexico
| | - Rosa Elena Sarmiento-Silva
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Lu X, Liu K, Chen Y, Gao R, Hu Z, Hu J, Gu M, Hu S, Ding C, Jiao X, Wang X, Liu X, Liu X. Cellular vimentin regulates the infectivity of Newcastle disease virus through targeting of the HN protein. Vet Res 2023; 54:92. [PMID: 37848995 PMCID: PMC10580610 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01230-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein plays a crucial role in the infectivity and virulence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In a previous study, the mutant HN protein was identified as a crucial virulence factor for the velogenic variant NDV strain JS/7/05/Ch, which evolved from the prototypic vaccine strain Mukteswar. Furthermore, macrophages are the main susceptible target cells of NDV. However, the possible involvement of cellular molecules in viral infectivity remains unclear. Herein, we elucidate the crucial role of vimentin, an intermediate filament protein, in regulating NDV infectivity through targeting of the HN protein. Using LC‒MS/MS mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation assays, we identified vimentin as a host protein that differentially interacted with prototypic and mutant HN proteins. Further analysis revealed that the variant NDV strain induced more significant rearrangement of vimentin fibres compared to the prototypic NDV strain and showed an interdependence between vimentin rearrangement and virus replication. Notably, these mutual influences were pronounced in HD11 chicken macrophages. Moreover, vimentin was required for multiple infection processes of the variant NDV strain in HD11 cells, including viral internalization, fusion, and release, while it was not necessary for those of the prototypic NDV strain. Collectively, these findings underscore the pivotal role of vimentin in NDV infection through targeting of the HN protein, providing novel targets for antiviral treatment strategies for NDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Kaituo Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ruyi Gao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Habib M, Ul-Rahman A, Zia-Ur-Rehman, Shahid MA, Sarwar N, Bilal M, Imran MS, Munir M, Abbas S, Shabbir MZ. Comparative immunocompetence and interspecies transmission of avian orthoavulavirus-1 in feral birds originating from rural and urban settings. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 100:102036. [PMID: 37541170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Feral birds residing close to urban settings exhibit higher immunocompetence against environmental pathogens than their counterparts in rural areas. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the immunocompetence of five specific feral bird species and investigated the potential for interspecies transmission and pathogenicity of Avian orthoavulavirus-1 (AOAV-1) originating from the Anseriformes order. The immunocompetence assessment involved administering the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) test to individual groups of birds from rural and urban settings, measuring patagium thickness at specific time intervals (12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h) following the administration of 0.1 mL (1 mg/mL) of PHA. Urban birds displayed significantly enhanced mean swelling responses, particularly urban pigeons, which exhibited a significant difference in patagium thickness at all-time intervals except for 24 h (p = 0.000, p = 0.12). Similarly, rural and urban quails and crows showed substantial differences in patagium thickness at all-time intervals except for 12 h (p = 0.542, p = 0.29). For the assessment of interspecies transmission potential and pathogenicity, each feral bird group was separately housed with naive broiler birds (n = 10 each) and challenged with a velogenic strain of AOAV-1 isolate (Mallard-II/UVAS/Pak/2016) at a dose of 1 mL (108 EID50/mL). Urban birds demonstrated higher resistance to the virus compared to their rural counterparts. These findings highlight the specific immunocompetence of feral bird species and their potential contributions to AOAV-1 transmission and pathogenicity. Continuous monitoring, surveillance, and strict implementation of biosafety and biosecurity measures are crucial for effectively controlling AOAV-1 spillover to the environment and wild bird populations in resource-limited settings, particularly Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aziz Ul-Rahman
- Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Noreen Sarwar
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Shaista Abbas
- College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan
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8
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Kooti W, Esmaeili HGG, Farzanehpour M, Dorostkar R, Jalali Kondori B, Bolandian M. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus effects on immune response - a new issue in cancer treatment. Klin Onkol 2023; 36:124-129. [PMID: 37072246 DOI: 10.48095/ccko2023124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Millions of people are diagnosed with cancer each year, and fighting it puts a heavy financial burden on communities and governments. Numerous advances have been made in the field of cancer; one of the newest methods is using oncolytic viruses. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus wild-type strains (NDV-WTS) on the immune system. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty mice were divided into four groups (10 animals in each group). The control group received phosphate buffered saline, and experimental group 1 (NDV-WTS 1), experimental group 2 (NDV-WTS 2), and experimental group 3 (NDV-WTS 3) received 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 titers of Newcastle virus on 0, 14th, and 28th days. On the 31st day, 100 µL of Newcastle virus was injected into the left footpads of animals. After 48 hours, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions were measured. On the 33rd day, peritoneal macrophages were isolated. Then proliferation of the cells was measured by the methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) test. Neutral red uptake and respiratory burst of peritoneal macrophages were also assessed. Data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS, version 19. RESULTS The results of the DTH test showed that footpad swelling in control, NDV-WTS 1, NDV-WTS 2, and NDV-WTS 3 groups were 23.5%, 23.5%, 23.6% and 23.6%. No significant differences were seen between the groups in this regard (P > 0.05). A negative nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test as an indicator of macrophage's respiratory burst, showed no significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). The neutral red uptake assay and MTT test showed no significant differences between the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that NDV-WTS in doses of 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 have no adverse effects on healthy normal cells.
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Liu Q, Zhang M, Wang J, Zhang J, Wang Z, Ma J, Yan Y, Sun J, Cheng Y. Functional characterization of bat IRF1 in IFN induction. Dev Comp Immunol 2022; 136:104500. [PMID: 35933044 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bats are natural hosts for various zoonotic viral diseases. However, they rarely show signs of disease infection with such viruses. During viral infection, members of the IRFs family induce the production of IFNβ and exert antiviral effects. However, the functions of bat interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) remain unclear. In this study, the Tadarida brasiliensis IRF1 (TbIRF1) gene was first cloned and a series of bioinformatics studies were conducted. Results showed that bat IRF1 protein sequence showed a low similarity with IRF1s from other species. RNA virus such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV-GFP), avian influenza virus (AIV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-GFP) infection of Tadarida brasiliensis 1 lung (TB 1 Lu) cells significantly promotes the expressions of IFNβ, PKR, and OAS1, and up-regulates the expression of TbIRF1. Overexpression of TbIRF1 markedly activates IFNβ promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. Next, we constructed the TbIRF1 functional domain deletion plasmids and found that the DNA binding domain (DBD) is necessary for TbIRF1 to induce IFNβ expresison. In conclusion, the first bat IRF1 gene was cloned, and its functions in IFN induction were preliminarily identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Menglu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaofei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjiao Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxian Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhe Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuqiang Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Bu Y, Teng Q, Feng D, Sun L, Xue J, Zhang G. YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0217321. [PMID: 34937182 PMCID: PMC8694109 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02173-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion protein mediates the virus's fusion activity, which is a determinant of NDV pathogenicity. The ectodomain of the F protein is known to have a major impact on fusion, and several reports have also indicated the role of the cytoplasmic tail (CT) in viral entry, F protein cleavage, and fusion, which are regulated by specific motifs. We found a highly conserved tyrosine residue located in the YLMY motif. The tyrosine residues at positions 524 and 527 have different roles in viral replication and pathogenicity and are associated with F protein intracellular processing. Tyrosine residues mutants affect the transportation of the F protein from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, resulting in different cleavage efficiencies. F protein is subsequently transported to the cell surface where it participates in viral budding, a process closely related to the distinctions in pathogenicity caused by the tyrosine residues. In addition, the different mutations all led to a hypofusogenic phenotype. We believe that the highly conserved tyrosine residue of the YLMY motif uses a similar mechanism to the tyrosine-based motif (YXXΦ) to regulate F protein transport and thus affect viral replication and pathogenicity. IMPORTANCE The amino-terminal cytoplasmic domains of paramyxovirus fusion glycoproteins include trafficking signals that influence protein processing and cell surface expression. This study clarified that tyrosine residues at different positions in the YLMY motif in the cytoplasmic region of the F protein regulate F protein transportation, thereby affecting viral replication and pathogenicity. This study has increased our understanding of how NDV virulence is mediated by the F protein and provides a fresh perspective on the role of CT in the virus's life cycle. This information may be useful in the development of NDV as an effective vaccine vector and oncolytic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Bu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyuan Teng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Delan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Xue
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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11
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Liu W, Sun Y, Qiu X, Meng C, Song C, Tan L, Liao Y, Liu X, Ding C. Genome-Wide Analysis of Alternative Splicing during Host-Virus Interactions in Chicken. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122409. [PMID: 34960678 PMCID: PMC8703359 DOI: 10.3390/v13122409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chicken is a model animal for the study of evolution, immunity and development. In addition to their use as a model organism, chickens also represent an important agricultural product. Pathogen invasion has already been shown to modulate the expression of hundreds of genes, but the role of alternative splicing in avian virus infection remains unclear. We used RNA-seq data to analyze virus-induced changes in the alternative splicing of Gallus gallus, and found that a large number of alternative splicing events were induced by virus infection both in vivo and in vitro. Virus-responsive alternative splicing events preferentially occurred in genes involved in metabolism and transport. Many of the alternatively spliced transcripts were also expressed from genes with a function relating to splicing or immune response, suggesting a potential impact of virus infection on pre-mRNA splicing and immune gene regulation. Moreover, exon skipping was the most frequent AS event in chickens during virus infection. This is the first report describing a genome-wide analysis of alternative splicing in chicken and contributes to the genomic resources available for studying host-virus interaction in this species. Our analysis fills an important knowledge gap in understanding the extent of genome-wide alternative splicing dynamics occurring during avian virus infection and provides the impetus for the further exploration of AS in chicken defense signaling and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (C.S.); (L.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (C.S.); (L.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xusheng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (C.S.); (L.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (C.S.); (L.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Cuiping Song
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (C.S.); (L.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lei Tan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (C.S.); (L.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Liao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (C.S.); (L.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiufan Liu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (C.S.); (L.T.); (Y.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-3429-3441
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12
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Tong L, Chu Z, Gao X, Yang M, Adam FEA, Theodore DWP, Liu H, Wang X, Xiao S, Yang Z. Newcastle disease virus V protein interacts with hnRNP H1 to promote viral replication. Vet Microbiol 2021; 260:109093. [PMID: 34265512 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between host cellular proteins and viral proteins are important for successful infection by viruses. Previous studies from our group have identified various host cellular proteins that can interact with the Newcastle disease virus V protein (Chu et al., 2018a), but their function in NDV replication has not been fully determined. The present study reports that heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 (hnRNP H1) can interact with NDV V protein in yeast. The immunofluorescence results showed that hnRNP H1 and V protein could colocalize in the cytoplasm of a chicken embryo fibroblast cell line (DF-1 cells). Co-immunoprecipitation assays further verified the interaction of these two proteins. The effects of overexpression and knockdown of hnRNP H1 on NDV replication were evaluated in DF-1 cells through real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and plaque assays. The regulation of V protein on hnRNP H1 expression was also examined. The results indicated that overexpression of hnRNP H1 facilitated NDV replication, while knockdown of hnRNP H1 decreased NDV replication. It was also shown that V protein could regulate hnRNP H1 expression at the protein level instead of the transcription level. The effect of V protein and hnRNP H1 on the DF-1 cell cycle was also tested and the results revealed that V protein may regulate cell proliferation by controlling the expression of hnRNP H1. Taken together, these results suggest that NDV V protein could promote viral replication by interacting with hnRNP H1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810000, China
| | - Zhili Chu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Xiaolong Gao
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810000, China
| | - Mengqing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fathalrhman Eisa A Adam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | | | - Haijin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xinglong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Sa Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Yurchenko KS, Glushchenko AV, Gulyaeva MA, Bi Y, Chen J, Shi W, Adamenko LS, Shestopalov AM. Intratumoral Virotherapy with Wild-Type Newcastle Disease Virus in Carcinoma Krebs-2 Cancer Model. Viruses 2021; 13:v13040552. [PMID: 33806229 PMCID: PMC8067130 DOI: 10.3390/v13040552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The results of experimental and clinical trials of the agents based on oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains provided hope for the development of virotherapy as a promising method for treating human tumors. However, the mechanism of the antitumor effect of NDV and realization of its cytotoxic potential in a cancer cell remains to be elucidated. In the current work, we have studied the antitumor effect of NDV in a syngeneic model of mouse Krebs-2 carcinoma treated with intratumoral injections of a wild-type strain NDV/Altai/pigeon/770/2011. Virological methods were used for preparation of a virus-containing sample. Colorimetric MTS assay was used to assess the viability of Krebs-2 tumor cells infected with a viral strain in vitro. In vivo virotherapy was performed in eight-week-old male BALB/c mice treated with serial intratumoral injections of NDV in an experimental model of Krebs-2 solid carcinoma. Changes in the tumor nodes of Krebs-2 carcinoma after virotherapy were visualized by MRI and immunohistological staining. Light microscopy examination, immunohistochemical and morphometric analyses have shown that intratumoral viral injections contribute to the inhibition of tumor growth, appearance of necrosis-like changes in the tumor tissue and the antiangiogenic effect of the virus. It has been established that a course of intratumoral virotherapy with NDV/Altai/pigeon/770/2011 strain in a mouse Krebs-2 carcinoma resulted in increased destructive changes in the tumor tissue, in the volume density of necrotic foci and numerical density of endothelial cells expressing CD34 and VEGFR. These results indicate that intratumoral NDV injection reduces tumor progression of an aggressive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya S. Yurchenko
- FRC of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Eurasian Institute of Zoonotic Infections, Timakova Street 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.V.G.); (M.A.G.); (L.S.A.); (A.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandra V. Glushchenko
- FRC of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Eurasian Institute of Zoonotic Infections, Timakova Street 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.V.G.); (M.A.G.); (L.S.A.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Marina A. Gulyaeva
- FRC of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Eurasian Institute of Zoonotic Infections, Timakova Street 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.V.G.); (M.A.G.); (L.S.A.); (A.M.S.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuhai Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early-Warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 44 Xiaohongshan, Wuhan 430071, China;
| | - Weifeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China;
| | - Lyubov S. Adamenko
- FRC of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Eurasian Institute of Zoonotic Infections, Timakova Street 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.V.G.); (M.A.G.); (L.S.A.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Alexander M. Shestopalov
- FRC of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Eurasian Institute of Zoonotic Infections, Timakova Street 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.V.G.); (M.A.G.); (L.S.A.); (A.M.S.)
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Aoyama-Ishiwatari S, Okazaki T, Iemura SI, Natsume T, Okada Y, Gotoh Y. NUDT21 Links Mitochondrial IPS-1 to RLR-Containing Stress Granules and Activates Host Antiviral Defense. J Immunol 2021; 206:154-163. [PMID: 33219146 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Viral RNA in the cytoplasm of mammalian host cells is recognized by retinoic acid-inducible protein-I-like receptors (RLRs), which localize to cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs). Activated RLRs associate with the mitochondrial adaptor protein IPS-1, which activates antiviral host defense mechanisms, including type I IFN induction. It has remained unclear, however, how RLRs in SGs and IPS-1 in the mitochondrial outer membrane associate physically and engage in information transfer. In this study, we show that NUDT21, an RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative transcript polyadenylation, physically associates with IPS-1 and mediates its localization to SGs in response to transfection with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], a mimic of viral dsRNA. We found that despite its well-established function in the nucleus, a fraction of NUDT21 localizes to mitochondria in resting cells and becomes localized to SGs in response to poly(I:C) transfection. NUDT21 was also found to be required for efficient type I IFN induction in response to viral infection in both human HeLa cells and mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells. Our results together indicate that NUDT21 links RLRs in SGs to mitochondrial IPS-1 and thereby activates host defense responses to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomohiko Okazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
| | - Shun-Ichiro Iemura
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Tohru Natsume
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okada
- Laboratory for Cell Dynamics Observation, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Osaka 565-0874, Japan
- Department of Physics, Universal Biology Institute, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; and
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, World Premier International Research Center Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yukiko Gotoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, World Premier International Research Center Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Lwapa Embele Isenge F, Masumu Mulumbu J, Matala Mfwamba F, Mukoko Ndonzuau F, Mbao V, Lefèvre M, Moyse E, Antoine-Moussiaux N. Application of discrete choice experiment to analyze the demand for village chicken paid vaccination service against Newcastle disease in DR Congo. Prev Vet Med 2020; 182:105097. [PMID: 32712413 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral disease that can affect a large number of avian species and cause severe economic loss in many countries. This disease is a major constraint for rural chicken production in most developing countries. In this country, ND is known since the 1940s. It exists in enzootic form in almost all provinces of the country. No systematic long-term control measures have been taken against this devastating disease in village poultry. A discrete choice experiment was carried out to analyze the demand for paid vaccination services, by first identifying the preferences of 320 village chicken keepers from eight sites, four of which had benefitted from such a paid chicken vaccination program against ND and four of which did not. The preference was for a vaccination service carried out following imposed calendar. The public veterinarian was the most preferred professional to ensure the paid vaccination of village chickens. The results led to the design of a profile of paid vaccination service tailored to chicken keepers' expectations. The public veterinarian would supervise vaccination activities, which would be implemented by trained community-based health workers, through collective campaigns at fixed periods in the year. The acceptable price (equivalent to 0.10 US dollar per dose) would allow the service to be set in a sustainable way and might be increased if trust in the delivered service may be built further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Lwapa Embele Isenge
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, Congo; Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Belgium.
| | - Justin Masumu Mulumbu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université Pédagogique Nationale, Kinshasa, Congo; Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Risk Management, Kinshasa, Congo
| | | | | | - Victor Mbao
- International Development Research Centre, Regional Office for Sub-Saharan Africa, Eaton, United Nations Crescent, Gigiri, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mélanie Lefèvre
- Department of Economy, Management School, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Moyse
- Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Belgium
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Ren S, Ur Rehman Z, Gao B, Yang Z, Zhou J, Meng C, Song C, Nair V, Sun Y, Ding C. ATM-mediated DNA double-strand break response facilitated oncolytic Newcastle disease virus replication and promoted syncytium formation in tumor cells. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008514. [PMID: 32479542 PMCID: PMC7263568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage response (DDR) is the fundamental cellular response for maintaining genomic integrity and suppressing tumorigenesis. The activation of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase is central to DNA double-strand break (DSB) for maintaining host-genome integrity in mammalian cells. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can selectively replicate in tumor cells; however, its influence on the genome integrity of tumor cells is not well-elucidated. Here, we found that membrane fusion and NDV infection triggered DSBs in tumor cells. The late replication and membrane fusion of NDV mechanistically activated the ATM-mediated DSB pathway via the ATM-Chk2 axis, as evidenced by the hallmarks of DSBs, i.e., auto-phosphorylated ATM and phosphorylated H2AX and Chk2. Immunofluorescence data showed that multifaceted ATM-controlled phosphorylation markedly induced the formation of pan-nuclear punctum foci in response to NDV infection and F-HN co-expression. Specific drug-inhibitory experiments on ATM kinase activity further suggested that ATM-mediated DSBs facilitated NDV replication and membrane fusion. We confirmed that the Mre11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex sensed the DSB signal activation triggered by NDV infection and membrane fusion. The pharmacological inhibition of MRN activity also significantly inhibited intracellular and extracellular NDV replication and syncytia formation. Collectively, these data identified for the first time a direct link between the membrane fusion induced by virus infection and DDR pathways, thereby providing new insights into the efficient replication of oncolytic NDV in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhui Ren
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zaib Ur Rehman
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cuiping Song
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Venugopal Nair
- Avian Oncogenic viruses group, UK-China Centre of Excellence on Avian Disease Research, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chan Ding
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Shi M, Tan L, Zhang Y, Meng C, Wang W, Sun Y, Song C, Liu W, Liao Y, Yu S, Ren T, Ding Z, Liu X, Qiu X, Ding C. Characterization and functional analysis of chicken APOBEC4. Dev Comp Immunol 2020; 106:103631. [PMID: 31991164 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The APOBEC proteins play significant roles in the innate and adaptive immune system, probably due to their deaminase activities. Because APOBEC1 (A1) and APOBEC3 (A3) are absent in the chicken genome, we were interested in determining whether chicken APOBEC4 (A4) possessed more complex functions than its mammalian homologs. In this study, chicken A4 (chA4) mRNA was identified and cloned for the first time. Based on bioinformatics analyses, the conserved zinc-coordinating motif (HXE … PC(X)2-6C) was identified on the surface of chA4 and contained highly conserved His97, Glu99, Pro130, Cys131 and Cys138 active sites. The highest expression levels of constitutive chA4 were detected in primary lymphocytes and bursa of Fabricius. Newcastle Disease (ND) is one of the most serious infectious diseases in birds, causing major economic losses to the poultry industry. In vitro, Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) early infection induced significant increases in chA4 expression in the chicken B cell line, DT40, the macrophage cell line, HD11 and the CD4+ T cell line, MSB-1, but not the fibroblast cell line, DF-1. In vivo, the expression levels of chA4 were up-regulated in several tissues from NDV-infected chickens, especially the thymus, testicles, duodenum and kidney. The high level expression of exogenous chA4 displayed inhibitory effects on NDV and reduced viral RNA in infected cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that chA4 is involved in the chicken immune system and may play important roles in host anti-viral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Shi
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Lei Tan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Yaodan Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Cuiping Song
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Ying Liao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuang Ding
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, PR China.
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
| | - Xusheng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
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18
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Bessell PR, Woolley R, Stevenson S, Al-Riyami L, Opondo P, Lai L, Gammon N. An analysis of the impact of Newcastle disease vaccination and husbandry practice on smallholder chicken productivity in Uganda. Prev Vet Med 2020; 177:104975. [PMID: 32224372 PMCID: PMC7193891 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An analysis of the impacts of Newcastle disease vaccination and husbandry practices on chicken flock productivity in smallholder farms in Uganda. Productivity was measured by offtake measured by the numbers of chickens consumed, gifted or sold over one year and eggs consumed and sold per week. · Adjusting for flock size, Newcastle disease vaccination resulted in a 57 % increase in offtake and use of poultry housing a 36 % increase in offtake. After adjusting for the number of hens, vaccinating against Newcastle disease resulted in an 80 % increase in egg production. Use of dewormers and feed supplementation had no significant effect.
A number of studies have demonstrated the clear beneficial impact that vaccinating against Newcastle disease (ND) can have on reducing the frequency and severity of ND outbreaks. Here we go one step further and analyse the additional benefits in terms of improved production that result from vaccination. Data were collected from a cross sectional survey in Uganda of 593 chicken-rearing smallholders (for the purpose of this study this was defined as a farm with fewer than 75 chickens). Consenting participants were administered a detailed questionnaire covering a range of aspects of chicken production and management. These data were subsequently analysed in a generalised linear model framework with negative binomial error structure and the total offtake over the previous 12 months (chicken sales + chicken consumption + chickens gifted) was included as the dependent variable. Different measures of flock size were tested as independent variables and the model was also offered the district of the flock, ND vaccine adoption, use of poultry housing, provision of supplementary feed and use of dewormers as potential independent variables. We also developed an analogous model for the offtake of eggs (sale and consumption). The total size of the flock (counting chickens of all ages) was the measure of flock size that had the strongest association with offtake and was a significant but weak effect with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.011 (95 % Confidence intervals (CIs) = 1.007–1.015). ND vaccine adoption had a strong significant positive effect on offtake with an IRR of 1.571 (95 % CIs = 1.363–1.808). Use of a poultry house also had a significant effect (IRR = 1.365, 95 % CIs = 1.193–1.560). In the model of egg production, the number of hens was the demographic determinant with the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) (IRR = 1.094, 95 % CIs = 1.056–1.136) and ND vaccine adoption had a strong positive effect on egg offtake (IRR = 1.801, 95 % CIs = 1.343–2.412). Vaccinating against ND has a clear beneficial impact on the productivity of the flock, and the livelihoods of smallholder farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Bessell
- Epi Interventions. 17 Bangholm Avenue, Edinburgh, EH5 3AS, UK.
| | - Roy Woolley
- GALVmed, Doherty Building, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Stuart Stevenson
- GALVmed, Doherty Building, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Lamyaa Al-Riyami
- GALVmed, Doherty Building, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Patrick Opondo
- 3V Vets Franchise Limited, Tam Tam Opuke House, Akaidebe Cell, Dokolo Town Council, Dokolo District, Uganda
| | - Leslie Lai
- Independent Consultant, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Neil Gammon
- GALVmed, Doherty Building, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
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Yadav P, Choudhury S, Barua S, Khandelwal N, Kumar N, Shukla A, Garg SK. Polyalthia longifolia leaves methanolic extract targets entry and budding of viruses-an in vitro experimental study against paramyxoviruses. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 248:112279. [PMID: 31600562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Synthetic antiviral drugs have several limitations including high cost. Thus research on antiviral property of medicinal plants is continuously gaining importance. Polyalthia longifolia possesses several medicinal properties and has been used in traditional ayurvedic medicine for treatment of dermatological ailments as kushta, visarpa/herpes virus infection and also to treat pyrexia of unknown origin as mentioned in Visarpa Chikitsa. AIM OF THE STUDY Keeping in view the cytotoxic, anti-cancer activity and antiviral efficacy of Polyalthia longifolia against herpes, present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro antiviral activity of methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia leaves, if any, and to unravel the possible target(s)/mechanism of action. MATERIAL AND METHODS Antiviral activity of Polyalthia longifolia methanolic extract was studied using Vero cell lines against paramyxoviruses, namely-peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Cytotoxicity of the test extract was evaluated employing MTT assay. Virucidal activity, and viral-attachment, virus entry and release assays were determined in Vero cells using standard experimental protocols. The viral RNA in the virus-infected cells was quantified by qRT-PCR. RESULTS At non-cytotoxic concentration, methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia leaves was found to inhibit the replication of PPRV and NDV at viral entry and budding level, whereas other steps of viral life cycle such as attachment and RNA synthesis remained unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Polyalthia longifolia leaves extract possesses promising antiviral activity against paramyxoviruses and acts by inhibiting the entry and budding of viruses; and this plant extract evidently possesses excellent and promising potential for development of effective herbal antiviral drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India.
| | - Soumen Choudhury
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India.
| | - Sanjay Barua
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Culture Collections (NCVTCC), ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, India.
| | - Nitin Khandelwal
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Culture Collections (NCVTCC), ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, India.
| | - Naveen Kumar
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Culture Collections (NCVTCC), ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, Haryana, India; Division of Goat Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, India.
| | - Amit Shukla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India.
| | - Satish K Garg
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India.
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20
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Ul-Rahman A, Shabbir MAB, Ahmed M, Shabbir MZ. A comparative evaluation of serum biochemistry profile and antigenic relatedness among velogenic and mesogenic Avian avulavirus 1 infection in chickens and pigeons. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:1977-1984. [PMID: 31981052 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1), affects variety of avian species around the globe. Several AAvV 1 viruses of different genotypes have recently emerged with varying clinical impacts on their susceptible hosts. Although experimental infection with velogenic and mesogenic strains in chickens and pigeons is well-studied, nevertheless, there exists a paucity of data for comparative variations in serum biochemistry profile of susceptible hosts upon challenge with isolates of varying pathogenicities. With this background, a comparative assessment of a range of serum biochemical parameters was made following challenge with duck-originated velogenic strain (sub-genotype VIIi; MF437287) and pigeon-originated mesogenic strain (sub-genotype VIm; KU885949) in chickens and pigeons. For each of the isolate, commercial broiler chickens and wild pigeons were challenged (10-6.51 EID50/0.1 mL for sub-genotype VIIi and 10-6.87 EID50/0.1 mL sub-genotype Vim) separately via intranasal and intraocular route. Sera were collected on 0, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th day post-infection (dpi), and processed for quantitative analysis of different biochemical parameters. By day 3 post-infection (pi), a substantial decrease (p < 0.0001) in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was observed in chickens and pigeons challenged with velogenic isolate. On the other hand, from day 5 pi and onward, a significant increase (p < 0.001) in serum ALP and total protein concentration was observed exclusively in pigeons challenged with mesogenic isolate. For serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), a significant increase (p < 0.05) in concentration was observed on day 3 pi which decreased from day 5 pi and onward in pigeons and chickens challenged with mesogenic isolate. Also, to reveal antigenic differences among homologous and heterologous vaccine and field-prevalent strains, cross-hemagglutination inhibition assay demonstrated antigenically diverse nature (R-value < 0.5) of both strains from vaccine strain (LaSota, genotype II). The study concludes antigenic differences among prevalent genotypes than vaccine strain and, although requires further studies to ascertain study outcomes, the serum biochemical profile may facilitate presumptive diagnosis of disease in their susceptible hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ul-Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
- Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
| | | | - Mushtaq Ahmed
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
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Al-Shammari AM, Jalill RDA, Hussein MF. Combined therapy of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus and rhizomes extract of Rheum ribes enhances cancer virotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:1691-1702. [PMID: 31970625 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05259-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phytotherapy has been used to treat a different type of diseases including cancer for a long time, and it was a source for different active anti-tumor agents. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (AMHA1) are very promising anti-tumor therapy. Nevertheless, NDV-based monotherapeutics have not been very useful to some resistant tumors. Thus, the efficiency of oncolytic NDV must enhance by combining NDV with other novel therapies. The current study aimed to determine the possibility of improving the oncolytic effect induced by NDV through Rheum ribes rhizomes extract administration in vitro and in vivo. Methods, the in vitro study include exposure of the crude extract of Rheum ribes alone or NDV alone or combination of both agents for 72 h. The cancer cells tested were murine mammary adenocarcinoma AMN3, Human Rhabdomyosarcoma RD, and Human Glioblastoma AMGM5, and using rat embryo fibroblast REF as normal control cells. MTT cell viability assay was used and analyzed for possible synergism using the Chou-Talalay analysis method. In vivo experiment included study the combination and the monotherapeutic modalities in the transplanted murine mammary adenocarcinoma AM3 line and tumor sections analyzed by histopathology. Results, Combination therapy of NDV-R. ribes showed enhanced oncolytic activity on cancer cells. With no cytotoxicity on normal cells. In vivo study showed that monotherapeutic modalities had lower growth inhibitory effect on transplanted tumors in mice in compare to combination therapy. Histopathological examination revealed the broader area of necrosis in tumors treated by combination therapy. In conclusion, the novel combination recommended for clinical application for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari
- Experimental Therapy Department, Iraqi Centre for Cancer and Medical Genetic Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 1001, Iraq.
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Zhou C, Tan L, Sun Y, Qiu X, Meng C, Liao Y, Song C, Liu W, Nair V, Ding C. Exosomes Carry microRNAs into Neighboring Cells to Promote Diffusive Infection of Newcastle Disease Virus. Viruses 2019; 11:v11060527. [PMID: 31174402 PMCID: PMC6631457 DOI: 10.3390/v11060527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, was shown to prefer to replicate in tumor cells instead of normal cells; however, this mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication due to the bioactive substances they carry. Several studies have shown that exosomes are involved in virus infections. However, the effect that exosomes have on NDV-infected tumor cells is not known. In this study, we focus on the role of exosomes secreted by NDV-infected HeLa cells in promoting NDV replication. Three miRNA candidates (miR-1273f, miR-1184, and miR-198) embraced by exosomes were associated with enhancing NDV-induced cytopathic effects on HeLa cells. Furthermore, luciferase assays, RT-qPCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) all demonstrated that these miRNAs could suppress interferon (IFN)-β gene expression. Enhanced NDV replication in HeLa cells was identified by Western blot and plaque assays. Based on these results, we speculate that NDV employed exosomes entry into neighboring cells, which carry miRNAs, resulting in inhibition of the IFN pathway and promotion of viral infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the involvement of NDV-employed exosomes in tumor cells, and as such, it provides new insights into the development of anti-tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changluan Zhou
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
| | - Lei Tan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (C.D.); Tel.: +86-21-3429-3426 (L.T.); +86-21-3429-3441 (C.D.)
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
| | - Xusheng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
| | - Ying Liao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
| | - Cuiping Song
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
| | - Venugopal Nair
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey Gu24 ONF, UK;
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (C.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.Q.); (C.M.); (Y.L.); (C.S.); (W.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (L.T.); (C.D.); Tel.: +86-21-3429-3426 (L.T.); +86-21-3429-3441 (C.D.)
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23
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Shtykova EV, Petoukhov MV, Dadinova LA, Fedorova NV, Tashkin VY, Timofeeva TA, Ksenofontov AL, Loshkarev NA, Baratova LA, Jeffries CM, Svergun DI, Batishchev OV. Solution Structure, Self-Assembly, and Membrane Interactions of the Matrix Protein from Newcastle Disease Virus at Neutral and Acidic pH. J Virol 2019; 93:e01450-18. [PMID: 30567981 PMCID: PMC6401449 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01450-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an enveloped paramyxovirus. The matrix protein of the virus (M-NDV) has an innate propensity to produce virus-like particles budding from the plasma membrane of the expressing cell without recruiting other viral proteins. The virus predominantly infects the host cell via fusion with the host plasma membrane or, alternatively, can use receptor-mediated endocytic pathways. The question arises as to what are the mechanisms supporting such diversity, especially concerning the assembling and membrane binding properties of the virus protein scaffold under both neutral and acidic pH conditions. Here, we suggest a novel method of M-NDV isolation in physiological ionic strength and employ a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy with complementary structural techniques, and membrane interaction measurements to characterize the solution behavior/structure of the protein as well as its binding to lipid membranes at pH 4.0 and pH 7.0. We demonstrate that the minimal structural unit of the protein in solution is a dimer that spontaneously assembles in a neutral milieu into hollow helical oligomers by repeating the protein tetramers. Acidic pH conditions decrease the protein oligomerization state to the individual dimers, tetramers, and octamers without changing the density of the protein layer and lipid membrane affinity, thus indicating that the endocytic pathway is a possible facilitator of NDV entry into a host cell through enhanced scaffold disintegration.IMPORTANCE The matrix protein of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is one of the most abundant viral proteins that regulates the formation of progeny virions. NDV is an avian pathogen that impacts the economics of bird husbandry due to its resulting morbidity and high mortality rates. Moreover, it belongs to the Avulavirus subfamily of the Paramyxoviridae family of Mononegavirales that include dangerous representatives such as respiratory syncytial virus, human parainfluenza virus, and measles virus. Here, we investigate the solution structure and membrane binding properties of this protein at both acidic and neutral pH to distinguish between possible virus entry pathways and propose a mechanism of assembly of the viral matrix scaffold. This work is fundamental for understanding the mechanisms of viral entry as well as to inform subsequent proposals for the possible use of the virus as an adequate template for future drug or vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Shtykova
- A. V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Petoukhov
- A. V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- EMBL/DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L A Dadinova
- A. V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Fedorova
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Yu Tashkin
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T A Timofeeva
- D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, FSBI N. F. Gamaleya NRCEM, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian
| | - A L Ksenofontov
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Loshkarev
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudniy, Russia
| | - L A Baratova
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - D I Svergun
- D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, FSBI N. F. Gamaleya NRCEM, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian
| | - O V Batishchev
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudniy, Russia
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Mahfuz S, Song H, Miao Y, Liu Z. Dietary inclusion of mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) stem waste on growth performance and immune responses in growing layer hens. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:703-710. [PMID: 29971802 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal mushrooms contain biologically active substances that can be used as an immune-modulating agent in poultry. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Flammulina velutipes mushroom waste (FVW) on performance, immune response and serum immunity in growing layer hens. RESULTS No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed with respect to average daily feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio among the experimental groups during the entire study period (1-70 days). Antibody titers against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis were higher (P < 0.05) in the FVW fed groups than in the control and antibiotic groups. On day 28, serum immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG were higher (P < 0.05) in the 6% FVW group than in the control and antibiotic fed groups. On day 70, serum IgA was higher (P < 0.05) in FVW fed groups than in the control group; IgG was higher (P < 0.05) in the FVW groups than in the control and antibiotic groups. However, IgM was higher (P < 0.05) in both the 4% and 6% FVW groups than in the control and antibiotic groups for both experimental periods. Serum cytokine interleukin (IL)-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in both the 4% and 6% FVW grousp than in the control and antibiotic groups; IL-4 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the FVW groups than in the control group; and IL-6 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the 6% FVW group than in the control and antibiotic groups. CONCLUSION FVW at the 6% level can be used as a potential phytogenic feed stuff in growing layer hen rations with respect to improving the immune response without affecting normal weight gain. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shad Mahfuz
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Hui Song
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin, China
| | - Yue Miao
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
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Wang X, Jia Y, Wang X, Wang C, Lv C, Li X, Chu Z, Han Q, Xiao S, Zhang S, Yang Z. MiR-375 Has Contrasting Effects on Newcastle Disease Virus Growth Depending on the Target Gene. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:44-57. [PMID: 30662346 PMCID: PMC6329920 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.25106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs regulate post-transcriptional gene expression via either translational repression or mRNA degradation. They have important roles in both viral infection and host anti-infection processes. We discovered that the miR-375 is significantly upregulated in Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-infected chicken embryonic visceral tissues using a small RNA sequencing approach. Further research revealed that the overexpression of miR-375 markedly decreases the replication of the velogenic NDV F48E9 and the lentogenic NDV La Sota by targeting the M gene of NDV in DF-1 cells. Interestingly, miR-375 has another target, ELAVL4, which regulates chicken fibrocyte cell cycle progression and decreases NDV proliferation. In addition, miR-375 can influence bystander cells by its secretion in culture medium. Our results indicated that miR-375 is an inhibitor of NDV, but can also enhance NDV growth by reducing the expression of its target ELAVL4. These results emphasize the complex roles of microRNAs in the regulation of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, PR China
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Liu Y, Cheng Y, Shan W, Ma J, Wang H, Sun J, Yan Y. Chicken interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) involved in antiviral innate immunity via regulating IFN-β production. Dev Comp Immunol 2018; 88:77-82. [PMID: 29981306 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) is an important family for IFN expression regulating while viral infection. IRF1, IRF3, and IRF7 are the primary regulators that trigger type I IFN response in mammals. However, IRF3, which has been identified as the most critical regulator in mammals, is absent in chickens, and it is unknown whether IRF1 is involved in type I IFN signaling pathways in IRF3-deficient chicken cells. Here, we identified chicken IRF1 (chIRF1) as a critical IFN-β mediator in response to viral infection. Overexpression of chIRF1 activated IFN-β intensively and suppressed AIV and NDV viral replication. Moreover, the mRNA levels of IFN-β and ISGs increased during chIRF1 overexpression. In addition, deletion mutant analysis revealed that the first four domains of chIRF1 are indispensable for IFN-β induction. Together, our studies demonstrate that chIRF1 is an important regulator of IFN-β and is involved in chicken antiviral innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuqiang Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenya Shan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jingjiao Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hengan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianhe Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yaxian Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Wang C, Chu Z, Liu W, Pang Y, Gao X, Tang Q, Ma J, Lu K, Adam FEA, Dang R, Xiao S, Wang X, Yang Z. Newcastle disease virus V protein inhibits apoptosis in DF-1 cells by downregulating TXNL1. Vet Res 2018; 49:102. [PMID: 30290847 PMCID: PMC6389150 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many viral proteins are related to suppressing apoptosis in target cells and are hence beneficial to viral replication. The V protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is one such protein that plays an important role in inhibiting apoptosis in a species-specific manner. However, to date, there have been no reports clarifying the antiapoptotic mechanisms of the V protein. The present study was undertaken to determine the apoptotic potential of the V protein in a chicken embryo fibroblast cell line (DF-1 cell) and to elucidate its molecular mechanisms of action. Here, a yeast two-hybrid system was used to screen the host proteins that interact with the V protein and identified thioredoxin-like protein 1 (TXNL1) as a potential binding partner. Immuno-colocalization of V protein and TXNL1 protein in DF-1 cells further verified the interaction of the two proteins. Through the overexpression of TXNL1 protein and knockdown of TXNL1 protein in DF-1 cells, the effects of NDV replication and cell apoptosis were examined. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) and Western blotting. NDV expression was detected by Q-PCR and plaque assay. The results revealed that the TXNL1 protein induced apoptosis and inhibited NDV replication in DF-1 cells. Furthermore, the Western blot and Q-PCR results suggested that TXNL1 induced cell apoptosis through a pathway involving Bcl-2\Bax and Caspase-3. Finally, this work provides insight into the mechanism by which the V protein inhibits apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhili Chu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Wenkai Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yu Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaolong Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Qiuxia Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Jiangang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Kejia Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Fathalrhman E. A. Adam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Nyala, P.O Box: 155, Nyala, Sudan
| | - Ruyi Dang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Sa Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xinglong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
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Su X, Tian Y, Zhou H, Li Y, Zhang Z, Jiang B, Yang B, Zhang J, Fang J. Inactivation Efficacy of Nonthermal Plasma-Activated Solutions against Newcastle Disease Virus. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29475861 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02836-17,02836-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, plasma-activated solutions (PASs) have made good progress in the disinfection of medical devices, tooth whitening, and fruit preservation. In this study, we investigated the inactivation efficacy of Newcastle disease virus by PASs. Water, 0.9% NaCl, and 0.3% H2O2 were excited by plasma to obtain the corresponding solutions PAS(H2O), PAS(NaCl), and PAS(H2O2). The complete inactivation of virus after PAS treatment for 30 min was confirmed by the embryo lethality assay (ELA) and hemagglutination (HA) test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the morphology of the viral particle changed under PAS treatments. The total protein concentration of virus decreased as measured by a Bradford protein assay due to PAS treatment. The nucleic acid integrity assay demonstrated that viral RNA degraded into smaller fragments. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of PASs, including the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), electrical conductivity, and H2O2 concentration, and electron spin resonance spectra analysis indicated that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a major role in the virus inactivation. Therefore, the application of PASs, as an environmentally friendly method, would be a promising alternative strategy in poultry industries.IMPORTANCE Newcastle disease (ND), as an infectious viral disease of avian species, caused significant economic losses to domestic animal and poultry industries. The traditional chemical sanitizers, such as chlorine-based products, are associated with risks of by-product formation with carcinogenic effects and environmental pollution. On the basis of this, plasma-activated water as a green disinfection product is a promising alternative for applications in stock farming and sterilization in hospitals and public places. In this study, we explored the inactivation efficacy of different plasma-activated solutions (PASs) against ND virus (NDV) and the possible underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species detected in PASs, including short-lived OH˙ and NO˙ and long-lived H2O2, changed the morphology, destroyed the RNA structure, and degraded the protein of the virus, consequently resulting in virus inactivation. These lay a foundation for the application of PASs to resolve the issues of public health and environmental sanitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tian
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglong Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Beiyu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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29
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Su X, Tian Y, Zhou H, Li Y, Zhang Z, Jiang B, Yang B, Zhang J, Fang J. Inactivation Efficacy of Nonthermal Plasma-Activated Solutions against Newcastle Disease Virus. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:e02836-17. [PMID: 29475861 PMCID: PMC5930319 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02836-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, plasma-activated solutions (PASs) have made good progress in the disinfection of medical devices, tooth whitening, and fruit preservation. In this study, we investigated the inactivation efficacy of Newcastle disease virus by PASs. Water, 0.9% NaCl, and 0.3% H2O2 were excited by plasma to obtain the corresponding solutions PAS(H2O), PAS(NaCl), and PAS(H2O2). The complete inactivation of virus after PAS treatment for 30 min was confirmed by the embryo lethality assay (ELA) and hemagglutination (HA) test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the morphology of the viral particle changed under PAS treatments. The total protein concentration of virus decreased as measured by a Bradford protein assay due to PAS treatment. The nucleic acid integrity assay demonstrated that viral RNA degraded into smaller fragments. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of PASs, including the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), electrical conductivity, and H2O2 concentration, and electron spin resonance spectra analysis indicated that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a major role in the virus inactivation. Therefore, the application of PASs, as an environmentally friendly method, would be a promising alternative strategy in poultry industries.IMPORTANCE Newcastle disease (ND), as an infectious viral disease of avian species, caused significant economic losses to domestic animal and poultry industries. The traditional chemical sanitizers, such as chlorine-based products, are associated with risks of by-product formation with carcinogenic effects and environmental pollution. On the basis of this, plasma-activated water as a green disinfection product is a promising alternative for applications in stock farming and sterilization in hospitals and public places. In this study, we explored the inactivation efficacy of different plasma-activated solutions (PASs) against ND virus (NDV) and the possible underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species detected in PASs, including short-lived OH˙ and NO˙ and long-lived H2O2, changed the morphology, destroyed the RNA structure, and degraded the protein of the virus, consequently resulting in virus inactivation. These lay a foundation for the application of PASs to resolve the issues of public health and environmental sanitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tian
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglong Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Beiyu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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30
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Liu W, Qiu X, Song C, Sun Y, Meng C, Liao Y, Tan L, Ding Z, Liu X, Ding C. Deep Sequencing-Based Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Avian Interferon-Stimulated Genes and Provides Comprehensive Insight into Newcastle Disease Virus-Induced Host Responses. Viruses 2018; 10:E162. [PMID: 29601508 PMCID: PMC5923456 DOI: 10.3390/v10040162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an avian paramyxovirus that causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide, with variations in NDV pathogenicity due to the differences in virulence between strains. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the avian innate immune response to NDV infection. In this study, transcriptional profiles were obtained from chick embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) that were infected with the highly virulent NDV Herts/33 strain or the nonvirulent LaSota strain using RNA-seq. This yielded 8433 transcripts that were associated with NDV infection. This list of candidate genes was then further examined using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. It showed a high enrichment in the areas of cellular components and metabolic processes, with the cellular components possibly being associated with NDV pathogenicity. Among these 8433 transcripts, 3616 transcripts associated with interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were obtained; these transcripts are involved in metabolic processes, including protein phosphorylation and protein modification. These results provide further insight into the identification of genes that are involved in NDV infection. The global survey of changes in gene expression performed herein provides new insights into the complicated molecular mechanisms underlying virus and host interactions and will enable the use of new strategies to protect chickens against this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Xusheng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Cuiping Song
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Ying Liao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Lei Tan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Zhuang Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xiufan Liu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Yan Y, Su C, Hang M, Huang H, Zhao Y, Shao X, Bu X. Recombinant Newcastle disease virus rL-RVG enhances the apoptosis and inhibits the migration of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via regulating alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in vitro. Virol J 2017; 14:190. [PMID: 28974241 PMCID: PMC5627431 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0852-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study were to investigate the possible pro-apoptotic mechanisms of the recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain rL-RVG, which expresses the rabies virus glycoprotein, in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via the regulation of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChRs) and to analyze the relationships between α7 nAChR expression in lung cancer and the clinical pathological features. METHODS α7 nAChR expression in A549, LΑ795, and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cells, among others, was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The optimal α7 nAChR antagonist and agonist concentrations for affecting A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were detected using MTT assays. The α7 nAChR expression in A549 cells after various treatments was assessed by Western blot, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR analyses. Apoptosis in the various groups was also monitored by Western blot and TUNEL assays, followed by the detection of cell migration via transwell and scratch tests. Furthermore, α7 nAChR expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in lung cancer tissue samples from 130 patients and 40 pericancerous tissue samples, and the apoptotis in lung adenocarcinoma tissue was detected by Tunel assay, Then, the expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS Of the A549, LΑ795, SCLC and U251 cell lines, the A549 cells exhibited the highest α7 nAChR expression. The cells infected with rL-RVG exhibited high RVG gene and protein expression. The rL-RVG group exhibited weaker α7 nAChR expression compared with the methyllycaconitine citrate hydrate (MLA, an α7 nAChR antagonist) and NDV groups. At the same time, the MLA and rL-RVG treatments significantly inhibited proliferation and migration and promoted apoptosis in the lung cancer cells (P < 0.05). The expression of α7 nAChR was upregulated in lung cancer tissue compared with pericancerous tissue (P = 0.000) and was significantly related to smoking, clinical tumor-node-metastases stage, and histological differentiation (P < 0.05). The AI in lung adenocarcinoma tissue in high-medium differentiation group was lower than that in low differentiation group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS An antagonist of α7 nAChR may be used as a molecular target for lung adenocarcinoma therapy. Recombinant NDV rL-RVG enhances the apoptosis and inhibits the migration of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating α7 nAChR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunxiang Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Hang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Medicine College of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Medicine College of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghai Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Medicine College of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Shao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Medicine College of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Bu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002 People’s Republic of China
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32
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Liu J, Zhu J, Xu H, Li J, Hu Z, Hu S, And XW, Liu X. Effects of the HN Antigenic Difference between the Vaccine Strain and the Challenge Strain of Newcastle Disease Virus on Virus Shedding and Transmission. Viruses 2017; 9:v9080225. [PMID: 28809802 PMCID: PMC5580482 DOI: 10.3390/v9080225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) leading to heavy economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide is caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Even though intensive vaccination programs have been implemented in many countries, virulent NDV can still be frequently isolated in well-vaccinated flocks. We compared the protection efficiency of LaSota and two sub-genotype VIId vaccines, NDV/AI4 and NDV O/AI4, in which NDV O/AI4 was constructed by replacing the hemagglutinin–neuraminidase (HN) gene of the vaccine strain NDV/AI4 with that from the variant NDV strain JS-14-12-Ch by the cross hemagglutination inhibition test and immune protection test. The number of birds shedding the virus and the titer of the shedding virus from the challenged birds were tested to evaluate the protection efficiency in the immune protection test. The cross hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization tests between JS-14-12-Ch and the three vaccines displayed a significant antigenic difference between JS-14-12-Ch and LaSota or NDV/AI4, but not between JS-14-12-Ch and NDV O/AI4. The results of the immune protection test showed that NDV O/AI4 could provide improved protection as determined by a significant decrease in both the number of birds shedding the virus and the titer of the shedding virus from the challenged birds. The results in this study indicated that the antigenic similarity between the vaccine strain and the challenge strain is important in reducing the shedding of virulent virus in which the congruence of the NDV HN protein may play a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Jie Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Haixu Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Juan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Zenglei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Shunlin Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Xiaoquan Wang And
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Xiufan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Nistal-Villan E, Poutou J, Rodríguez-Garcia E, Buñuales M, Carte-Abad B, Prieto J, Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza G, Hernandez-Alcoceba R, Larrea E. A Versatile Vector for In Vivo Monitoring of Type I Interferon Induction and Signaling. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152031. [PMID: 27007218 PMCID: PMC4805199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of reporter systems for in vivo examination of IFN-β induction or signaling of type I interferon (IFN-I) pathways is of great interest in order to characterize biological responses to different inducers such as viral infections. Several reporter mice have been developed to monitor the induction of both pathways in response to different agonists. However, alternative strategies that do not require transgenic mice breeding have to date not been reported. In addition, detection of these pathways in vivo in animal species other than mice has not yet been addressed. Herein we describe a simple method based on the use of an adeno-associated viral vector (AAV8-3xIRF-ISRE-Luc) containing an IFN-β induction and signaling-sensitive promoter sequence controlling the expression of the reporter gene luciferase. This vector is valid for monitoring IFN-I responses in vivo elicited by diverse stimuli in different organs. Intravenous administration of the vector in C57BL/6 mice and Syrian hamsters was able to detect activation of the IFN pathway in the liver upon systemic treatment with different pro-inflammatory agents and infection with Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In addition, intranasal instillation of AAV8-3xIRF-ISRE-Luc showed a rapid and transient IFN-I response in the respiratory tract of mice infected with the influenza A/PR8/34 virus lacking the NS1 protein. In comparison, this response was delayed and exacerbated in mice infected with influenza A/PR/8 wild type virus. In conclusion, the AAV8-3xIRF-ISRE-Luc vector offers the possibility of detecting IFN-I activation in response to different stimuli and in different animal models with no need for reporter transgenic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estanislao Nistal-Villan
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joanna Poutou
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Estefania Rodríguez-Garcia
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Buñuales
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Carte-Abad
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesus Prieto
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gloria Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruben Hernandez-Alcoceba
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail: (EL); (RHA)
| | - Esther Larrea
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail: (EL); (RHA)
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Qiu X, Fu Q, Meng C, Yu S, Zhan Y, Dong L, Song C, Sun Y, Tan L, Hu S, Wang X, Liu X, Peng D, Liu X, Ding C. Newcastle Disease Virus V Protein Targets Phosphorylated STAT1 to Block IFN-I Signaling. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148560. [PMID: 26859759 PMCID: PMC4747598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) V protein is considered as an effector for IFN antagonism, however, the mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the expression of STAT1 and phospho-STAT1 in cells infected with NDV or transfected with V protein-expressing plasmids were analyzed. Our results showed that NDV V protein targets phospho-STAT1 reduction in the cells depends on the stimulation of IFN-α. In addition, a V-deficient genotype VII recombinant NDV strain rZJ1-VS was constructed using reverse genetic technique to confirm the results. The rZJ1-VS lost the ability to reduce phospho-STAT1 and induced higher expression of IFN-responsive genes in infected cells. Furthermore, treatment with an ubiquitin E1 inhibitor PYR-41 demonstrated that phospho-STAT1 reduction was caused by degradation, but not de-phosphorylation. We conclude that NDV V protein targets phospho-STAT1 degradation to block IFN-α signaling, which adds novel knowledge to the strategies used by paramyxoviruses to evade IFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Zhan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Luna Dong
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiping Song
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XFL); (CD)
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Minhang, Shanghai, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XFL); (CD)
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Yang S, Xu C, Zhang L, Huang Y, Huang Q, Hu B, Zhang X. [Lentivirus Delivery of the Short Hairpin RNA Targeting NDV P Gene Inhibits Production of the Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts and Chicken Embryos]. Bing Du Xue Bao 2016; 32:39-45. [PMID: 27295882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-induced RNA degradation can inhibit viral infection, and has been investigated extensively for its efficacy as antiviral therapy. The potential therapeutic role of lentiviral-mediated short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) replication in vivo has been explored less often. We constructed two recombinant lentiviral vectors containing shRNA against the phosphoprotein (P) of the NDV, RNAi-341 and RNAi-671. Recombinant shRNA lentivirus vectors were co-transfected into 293T cells, along with helper plasmids, to package the recombinant shRNA lentivirus. Lentivirus-based shRNAs were titrated and transduced into NDV-susceptible chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) and chick embryos. Antiviral activity against the NDV strain was evaluated by virus titration and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RNAi-341 and RNAi-671 strongly suppressed transient expression of a FLAG-tagged P fusion protein in 293T cells. RNAi-341 and RNAi-671 NDV reduced virus titers by 66.6-fold and 30.6-fold, respectively, in CEFs 16 h after infection. RNAi-341 and RNAi-671 reduced virus titers in specific pathogen-free chick embryos by 99% and 98%, respectively, 48 h after infection. Both shRNAs inhibited accumulation of not only P-gene mRNA, but also nucleocapsid, M-, F-, HN-, and L-gene mRNA. RNAi-341 silenced P-gene mRNA more potently than RNAi-671. These results suggest that shRNAs silencing the P gene had substantial antiviral properties and inhibited NDV replication in CEFs and chick embryos.
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Abstract
An interesting aspect of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is the ability to selectively replicate in tumor cells. Recently, using reverse genetics technology to enhance the oncolytic properties and therapeutic potential of NDV for tumor therapy has become popular in immunocompetent carcinoma tumor models. Expressing foreign genes by recombinant NDV (rNDV-FG) has been shown to be more effective in cancer therapy in preclinical studies. This paper provides an overview of the current studies on the cytotoxic and anti-cancer effects of rNDV-FG via direct oncolysis and immune stimulation. Safety of rNDV-FG as a therapeutic agent for cancer immunotherapy and virotherapy is also discussed.
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Song D, Liang Y, Fan X, Yin J, Gong J, Lai Z, Gao L. [Newcastle disease virus enhances tumoricidal activity of mouse NK cells against mouse Novikoff hepatoma cells via up-regulating expression of TRAIL on the NK cells]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2015; 31:599-604. [PMID: 25940284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of intraperitoneal injection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) on tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression in mouse spleen NK cells and NK cells-mediated tumoricidal activity against mouse Novikoff hepatoma cell line, and explore the role of interferon (IFN)-γ in NDV-induced TRAIL expression and tumoricidal activity. METHODS NDV was injected intraperitoneally to BALB/c mice and IFN-γ receptor-deficient (IFN-γR-/-) B6.129S7 mice. Twelve hours after injection, the concentration of IFN-γ in peripheral blood from BALB/c mice was determined by ELISA. Mouse spleen NK cells were separated. The mRNA and protein expression of TRAIL in NK cells were detected through reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay was used to determine the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against mouse hepatoma cells. RESULTS NDV injection increased the IFN-γ concentration in peripheral blood of BALB/c mice, induced up-regulation of TRAIL at the mRNA and protein levels in mouse spleen NK cells, and enhanced the killing ability of mouse spleen NK cells towards Novikoff hepatoma cells. Blocking TRAIL by neutralizing antibody suppressed the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against Novikoff hepatoma cells. Furthermore, NDV injection in IFN-γR-/- B6.129S7 mice did not make significant difference from control group in TRAIL expression in spleen NK cells, and the tumoricidal activity of IFN-γR-/- B6.129S7 mouse spleen NK cells against Novikoff hepatoma cells was significantly lower than that of BALB/c mouse NK cells. CONCLUSION Intraperitoneal injection with NDV could enhance tumoricidal activity of mouse spleen NK cells in vitro, and one of the mechanisms might be that NDV injection up-regulates TRAIL expression in NK cells through the IFN-γ receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Song
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Jinling Gong
- Qingdao Center For Disease Control & Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Zhenping Lai
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Lingxi Gao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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Cuadrado-Castano S, Ayllon J, Mansour M, de la Iglesia-Vicente J, Jordan S, Tripathi S, García-Sastre A, Villar E. Enhancement of the proapoptotic properties of newcastle disease virus promotes tumor remission in syngeneic murine cancer models. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:1247-58. [PMID: 25761895 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is considered a promising agent for cancer therapy due to its oncolytic properties. These include preferential replication in transformed cells, induction of innate and adaptive immune responses within tumors, and cytopathic effects in infected tumor cells due to the activation of apoptosis. To enhance the latter and thus possibly enhance the overall oncolytic activity of NDV, we generated a recombinant NDV encoding the human TNF receptor Fas (rNDV-B1/Fas). rNDV-B1/Fas replicates to similar titers as its wild-type (rNDV-B1) counterpart; however, overexpression of Fas in infected cells leads to higher levels of cytotoxicity correlated with faster and increased apoptosis responses, in which both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways are activated earlier. Furthermore, in vivo studies in syngeneic murine melanoma models show an enhancement of the oncolytic properties of rNDV-B1/Fas, with major improvements in survival and tumor remission. Altogether, our data suggest that upregulation of the proapoptotic function of NDV is a viable approach to enhance its antitumor properties and adds to the currently known, rationally based strategies to design optimized therapeutic viral vectors for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cuadrado-Castano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Juan Ayllon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Mena Mansour
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Stefan Jordan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Immunology Institute and the Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Shashank Tripathi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
| | - Enrique Villar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Cho WK, Weeratunga P, Lee BH, Park JS, Kim CJ, Ma JY, Lee JS. Epimedium koreanum Nakai displays broad spectrum of antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo by inducing cellular antiviral state. Viruses 2015; 7:352-77. [PMID: 25609307 PMCID: PMC4306843 DOI: 10.3390/v7010352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epimedium koreanum Nakai has been extensively used in traditional Korean and Chinese medicine to treat a variety of diseases. Despite the plant's known immune modulatory potential and chemical make-up, scientific information on its antiviral properties and mode of action have not been completely investigated. In this study, the broad antiviral spectrum and mode of action of an aqueous extract from Epimedium koreanum Nakai was evaluated in vitro, and moreover, the protective effect against divergent influenza A subtypes was determined in BALB/c mice. An effective dose of Epimedium koreanum Nakai markedly reduced the replication of Influenza A Virus (PR8), Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in RAW264.7 and HEK293T cells. Mechanically, we found that an aqueous extract from Epimedium koreanum Nakai induced the secretion of type I IFN and pro-inflammatory cytokines and the subsequent stimulation of the antiviral state in cells. Among various components present in the extract, quercetin was confirmed to have striking antiviral properties. The oral administration of Epimedium koreanum Nakai exhibited preventive effects on BALB/c mice against lethal doses of highly pathogenic influenza A subtypes (H1N1, H5N2, H7N3 and H9N2). Therefore, an extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai and its components play roles as immunomodulators in the innate immune response, and may be potential candidates for prophylactic or therapeutic treatments against diverse viruses in animal and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kyung Cho
- Korean Medicine (KM) Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Deajeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Prasanna Weeratunga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Byeong-Hoon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Jun-Seol Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Chul-Joong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM) Based Herbal Drug Development Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Deajeon 305-764, Korea.
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
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Paldurai A, Xiao S, Kim SH, Kumar S, Nayak B, Samal S, Collins PL, Samal SK. Effects of naturally occurring six- and twelve-nucleotide inserts on Newcastle disease virus replication and pathogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103951. [PMID: 25093330 PMCID: PMC4122465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates contain genomes of 15,186, 15,192 or 15,198 nucleotides (nt). The length differences reflect a 6-nt insert in the 5′ (downstream) non-translated region (NTR) of the N gene (15,192-nt genome) or a 12-nt insert in the ORF encoding the P and V proteins (causing a 4-amino acid insert; 15,198-nt genome). We evaluated the role of these inserts in the N and P genes on viral replication and pathogenicity by inserting them into genomes of two NDV strains that have natural genome lengths of 15,186 nt and represent two different pathotypes, namely the mesogenic strain Beaudette C (BC) and the velogenic strain GB Texas (GBT). Our results showed that the 6-nt and 12-nt inserts did not detectably affect N gene expression or P protein function. The inserts had no effect on the replication or virulence of the highly virulent GBT strain but showed modest degree of attenuation in mesogenic strain BC. We also deleted a naturally-occurring 6-nt insertion in the N gene from a highly virulent 15,192-nt genome-length virus, strain Banjarmasin. This resulted in reduced replication in vitro and reduced virulence in vivo. Thus, although these inserts had no evident effect on gene expression, protein function, or replication in vivo, they did affect virulence in two of the three tested strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandan Paldurai
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sa Xiao
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shin-Hee Kim
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Baibaswata Nayak
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sweety Samal
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter L. Collins
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Siba K. Samal
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Liu N, Long Y, Liu B, Yang D, Li C, Chen T, Wang X, Liu C, Zhu H. ISG12a mediates cell response to Newcastle disease viral infection. Virology 2014; 462-463:283-94. [PMID: 24999841 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) oncolysis is believed to be facilitated by a defective Type I interferon (IFN) response. We compared hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-derived cell lines and found that TRAIL-resistant cells were more susceptible to NDV oncolysis than were TRAIL-sensitive cells. In examining the IFN response, we found that basal expression of the IFN-stimulated gene (ISG)-12a was low in TRAIL-resistant but high in TRAIL-sensitive cells, and ISG12a over-expression or silencing enhanced or reduced their TRAIL sensitivities, respectively. Moreover, ISG12a over-expression in TRAIL-resistant cells decreased NDV replication but surprisingly increased oncolysis while ISG12a silencing had the opposite effect on TRAIL-sensitive cells. Finally, RIG-I and Noxa appear to also contribute to NDV oncolysis. Together, these results suggest that high basal ISG12a may inhibit NDV replication and oncolysis, while low basal ISG12a may allow sufficient NDV replication for induction of ISG12a, and other factors required for NDV oncolysis, with implications for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianli Liu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Research Center of Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Translational Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital (Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University), Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ying Long
- Department of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Darong Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Tianran Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Haizhen Zhu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Research Center of Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Translational Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital (Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University), Changsha 410013, China.
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Yan Y, Liang B, Zhang J, Jia L, Liu Y, Zhang J. [RL-RVG inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of lung cancer cells in vitro]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2014; 30:449-457. [PMID: 24796735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To infect lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells with recombinant LaSota strain Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein (rL-RVG), and explore the effect of rL-RVG on proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells. METHODS A549 cells were infected with the rL-RVG and then detected for the expressions of RVG and NDV proteins by Western blotting. The cell proliferation was examined by MTT assay and apoptosis index and cell early apoptosis were respectively detected by TUNEL and annexin V-FITC/PI staining combined with flow cytometry. The expression of pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3 was observed by Western blotting. The LaSota strain of NDV was used as control group and PBS was the blank control. RESULTS Both RVG and NDV proteins were stably expressed in A549 cells infected with rL-RVG. MTT assay results showed that cell proliferation was significantly inhibited, and the inhibition rate of the rL-RVG group was higher than that of LaSota group. The apoptosis of A549 cells were promoted by rL-RVG infection. Flow cytometry revealed that the early apoptotic cells of the rL-RVG group increased as compared with the other two groups (P<0.05). Consistently, TUNEL assay showed the apoptotic index increased in the rL-RVG group as compared with the other two groups (P<0.05). Western blotting demonstrated that the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3 was up-regulated. However, when we added specific broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, the expression of the caspase-3 protein was obviously reduced. CONCLUSION The rL-RVG is stably expressed in the infected A549 cells. The rL-RVG inhibits lung cancer cell growth and promote cell apoptosis, and the effect of rL-RVG is better than the wild LaSota strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002; Clinical Medicine College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China
| | - Lijuan Jia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002; Clinical Medicine College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Clinical Medicine College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
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Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is a contagious and often fatal disease that affects over 250 bird species worldwide, and is caused by infection with virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1) of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Avulavirus. Infections of poultry with virulent strains of APMV-1 (Newcastle disease virus) are reportable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Vaccination of poultry species is a key measure in the control of ND. Other APMV-1 viruses of low virulence, which are not used as vaccines, are also often isolated from wild bird species. The APMV-1 virus, like avian influenza virus (AIV), is a hemagglutinating virus (HA) and able to agglutinate chicken red blood cells (RBC). Because the clinical presentation of ND can be difficult to distinguish from disease caused by AIV, techniques for differential diagnosis are essential, as well as the ability to detect mixed infections. When an HA positive virus is detected from virus isolation, additional assays can be performed to determine which virus is present. Both antigenic and molecular methods are necessary as some virulent ND viruses from cormorants in the USA after 2002 have lost their ability to hemagglutinate chicken RBC and molecular methods are needed for identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patti J Miller
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA,
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Miller PJ, Afonso CL, El Attrache J, Dorsey KM, Courtney SC, Guo Z, Kapczynski DR. Effects of Newcastle disease virus vaccine antibodies on the shedding and transmission of challenge viruses. Dev Comp Immunol 2013; 41:505-513. [PMID: 23796788 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Different genotypes of avian paramyxovirus serotype-1 virus (APMV-1) circulate in many parts of the world. Traditionally, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is recognized as having two major divisions represented by classes I and II, with class II being further divided into sixteen genotypes. Although all NDV are members of APMV-1 and are of one serotype, antigenic and genetic diversity is observed between the different genotypes. Reports of vaccine failure from many countries and reports by our lab on the reduced ability of classical vaccines to significantly decrease viral replication and shedding have created renewed interest in developing vaccines formulated with genotypes homologous to the virulent NDV (vNDV) circulating in the field. We assessed how the amount and specificity of humoral antibodies induced by inactivated vaccines affected viral replication, clinical protection and evaluated how non-homologous (heterologous) antibody levels induced by live NDV vaccines relate to transmission of vNDV. In an experimental setting, all inactivated NDV vaccines protected birds from morbidity and mortality, but higher and more specific levels of antibodies were required to significantly decrease viral replication. It was possible to significantly decrease viral replication and shedding with high levels of antibodies and those levels could be more easily reached with vaccines formulated with NDV of the same genotype as the challenge viruses. However, when the levels of heterologous antibodies were sufficiently high, it was possible to prevent transmission. As the level of humoral antibodies increase in vaccinated birds, the number of infected birds and the amount of vNDV shed decreased. Thus, in an experimental setting the effective levels of humoral antibodies could be increased by (1) increasing the homology of the vaccine to the challenge virus, or (2) allowing optimal time for the development of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patti J Miller
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, United States.
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46
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Glanville TD, Ahn HK, Richard TL, Harmon JD, Reynolds DL, Akinc S. Effect of envelope material on biosecurity during emergency bovine mortality composting. Bioresour Technol 2013; 130:543-551. [PMID: 23334009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The biosecurity of composting as an emergency disposal method for cattle mortalities caused by disease was evaluated by conducting full-scale field trials begun during three different seasons and using three different envelope materials. Process biosecurity was significantly affected by the envelope material used to construct the composting matrix. Internal temperatures met USEPA Class A time/temperature criteria for pathogen reduction in 89%, 67%, and 22%, respectively of seasonal test units constructed with corn silage, straw/manure, or ground cornstalks. In trials begun in the winter, survival times of vaccine strains of avian encephalomyelitis and Newcastle disease virus were noticeably shorter in silage test units than in the other two materials, but during summer/spring trials survival times in ground cornstalk and straw/manure test units were similar to those in test units constructed with silage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Glanville
- Dept. of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3080, United States.
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Li J, Hu H, Yu Q, Diel DG, Li DS, Miller PJ. Generation and characterization of a recombinant Newcastle disease virus expressing the red fluorescent protein for use in co-infection studies. Virol J 2012; 9:227. [PMID: 23034005 PMCID: PMC3502164 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-9-227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many viruses have evolved multiple strategies to prevent super infection of host cells by more than one virion. This phenomenon, known as super infection exclusion, may play an important role on virus evolution because it can affect the frequency of reassortment and/or recombination. Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a negative sense single-stranded RNA virus, is characterized by its continuous evolutionary dynamics and by a low frequency of recombination events. However, the mechanisms that contribute to the low recombination rates on NDV are still not completely understood. METHODS In this study we assessed the ability of two NDV strains (LaSota and B1) to super infect host cells in vitro. We generated a recombinant NDV strain LaSota expressing the red fluorescent protein (RFP) and used it in co-infection assays with a related NDV strain B1 expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP). DF-1 cells were inoculated with both viruses at the same time or at different intervals between primary infection and super infection. RESULTS When both viruses were inoculated at the same time point, a 27% co-infection rate was observed, whereas when they were inoculated at different time points the super infection rates decreased to levels as low as 1.4%. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that although different NDV strains can co-infect host cells in vitro, the super infection rates are low, specially as the time between the primary infection and super infection increases. These results confirm the occurrence of super infection exclusion between different strains of NDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnan Li
- USDA-ARS, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA
- Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Haixia Hu
- USDA-ARS, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing, BeiBei District, 400715, China
| | - Qingzhong Yu
- USDA-ARS, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Diego G Diel
- USDA-ARS, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - De-shan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Patti J Miller
- USDA-ARS, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA
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Biswas M, Kumar SR, Allen A, Yong W, Nimmanapalli R, Samal SK, Elankumaran S. Cell-type-specific innate immune response to oncolytic Newcastle disease virus. Viral Immunol 2012; 25:268-76. [PMID: 22808996 PMCID: PMC3413068 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2012.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Virotherapy of cancer exploits the potential of naturally occurring and engineered oncolytic viruses to selectively replicate in and cause cytotoxicity to tumor cells without affecting healthy normal cells. The tumor selectivity of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, depends on the differential type I interferon (IFN) response. Further understanding of the key mechanisms and immune effector molecules involved will aid in augmenting the oncolytic properties of NDV. Here we report on the infection kinetics and innate immune responses to a recombinant LaSota strain of NDV (rLaSota eGFP) in human tumor and normal cells. We observed varying replicative fit and cytotoxicity of rLaSota eGFP depending on the tumor cell type, with severely restricted replication in normal cells. The absence of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), a cytosolic RNA sensor, determined sensitivity to NDV. Productive NDV infection with a moderate IFN-α induction in human multiple myeloma cells suggested a role for IFN-independent mechanisms or lack of type I IFN reinforcement by RIG-I. Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were altered differentially in infected normal and tumor cells. Our results suggest that tumor selectivity is dependent on variations in the cellular antiviral response to infection with NDV and RIG-I expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moanaro Biswas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Sandeep R.P. Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Adria Allen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Wang Yong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | | | - Siba K. Samal
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Subbiah Elankumaran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
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Ge S, Zheng D, Zhao Y, Liu H, Liu W, Sun Q, Li J, Yu S, Zuo Y, Han X, Li L, Lv Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Wang Z. Evaluating viral interference between Influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in chicken eggs. Virol J 2012; 9:128. [PMID: 22748105 PMCID: PMC3439397 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-9-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simultaneous and sequential allantoic cavity inoculations of Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken eggs with Influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) demonstrated that the interaction of AIV and NDV during co-infection was variable. Our research revisited the replication interference potential of AIV and NDV using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) for AIV and NDV to specifically detect the viral genomes in mixed infections. RESULTS Data from this survey showed that when different doses of NDV (Lasota or F48E8) and AIV (F98 or H5N1) were simultaneously inoculated into embryonating chicken eggs (ECE), interference with the growth of NDV occurred, while interference with the growth of AIV did not occur. When equal amount of the two viruses were sequentially employed, the degree of interference was dependent upon the time of superinfection and the virulence of virus. CONCLUSION AIV have a negative impact on NDV growth if they are inoculated simultaneously or sequentially and that the degree of interference depended upon the quantity and relative virulence of the virus strains used; however, interference with AIV was not observed. Only if NDV were inoculated at an earlier time will NDV able to interfere with the growth of AIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Ge
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Dongxia Zheng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Yunling Zhao
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Hualei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jinming Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Songmei Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zuo
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Xiuju Han
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Lin Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Yan Lv
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
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Kumar R, Tiwari AK, Chaturvedi U, Kumar GR, Sahoo AP, Rajmani RS, Saxena L, Saxena S, Tiwari S, Kumar S. Velogenic newcastle disease virus as an oncolytic virotherapeutics: in vitro characterization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:2005-22. [PMID: 22644640 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the killer diseases in humans and needs alternate curative measures despite recent improvement in modern treatment modalities. Oncolytic virotherapy seems to be a promising nonconventional way to treat cancers. Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a poultry virus, is nonpathogenic to human and domestic animals and has a long history of being used in oncotherapy research in several preclinical studies. The ability of NDV to successfully infect and destroy cancer cells is dependent on the strain and the pathotype of the virus. Adaptation of viruses to heterologous hosts without losing its replicative and oncolytic potential is prerequisite for use as cancer virotherapeutics. In the present study, velogenic NDV was adapted for replication in HeLa cells, and its cytotoxic potential was evaluated by observing morphological, biochemical, and nuclear landmarks of apoptosis. Our results indicated that the NDV-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells was dependent on upregulation of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and caspases activation. Different determinants of apoptosis evaluated in the present study indicated that this strain could be a promising candidate for cancer therapy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Kumar
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, UP, India
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