1
|
Khalil M, Stuhr M, Kunzmann A, Westphal H. Simultaneous ocean acidification and warming do not alter the lipid-associated biochemistry but induce enzyme activities in an asterinid starfish. Sci Total Environ 2024; 932:173000. [PMID: 38719050 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Ocean acidification and warming affect marine ecosystems from the molecular scale in organismal physiology to broad alterations of ecosystem functions. However, knowledge of their combined effects on tropical-subtropical intertidal species remains limited. Pushing the environmental range of marine species away from the optimum initiates stress impacting biochemical metabolic characteristics, with consequences on lipid-associated and enzyme biochemistry. This study investigates lipid-associated fatty acids (FAs) and enzyme activities involved in biomineralization of the tropical-subtropical starfish Aquilonastra yairi in response to projected near-future global change. The starfish were acclimatized to two temperature levels (27 °C, 32 °C) crossed with three pCO2 concentrations (455 μatm, 1052 μatm, 2066 μatm). Total lipid (ΣLC) and FAs composition were unaffected by combined elevated temperature and pCO2, but at elevated temperature, there was an increase in ΣLC, SFAs (saturated FAs) and PUFAs (polyunsaturated FAs), and a decrease in MUFAs (monounsaturated FAs). However, temperature was the sole factor to significantly alter SFAs composition. Positive parabolic responses of Ca-ATPase and Mg-ATPase enzyme activities were detected at 27 °C with elevated pCO2, while stable enzyme activities were observed at 32 °C with elevated pCO2. Our results indicate that the lipid-associated biochemistry of A. yairi is resilient and capable of coping with near-future ocean acidification and warming. However, the calcification-related enzymes Ca-ATPase and Mg-ATPase activity appear to be more sensitive to pCO2/pH changes, leading to vulnerability concerning the skeletal structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munawar Khalil
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Str. 2-4, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Malikussaleh, Reuleut Main Campus, 24355 North Aceh, Indonesia.
| | - Marleen Stuhr
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kunzmann
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hildegard Westphal
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Str. 2-4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cui L, Cheng C, Li X, Gao X, Lv X, Wang Y, Zhang H, Lei K. Comprehensive assessment of copper's effect on marine organisms under ocean acidification and warming in the 21st century. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:172145. [PMID: 38569974 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) has sparked widespread global concern as one of the most hazardous metals to aquatic animals. Ocean acidification (OA) and warming (OW) are expected to alter copper's bioavailability based on pH and temperature-sensitive effects; research on their effects on copper on marine organisms is still in its infancy. Therefore, under representative concentration pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5, we used the multiple linear regression-water quality criteria (MLR-WQC) method to assess the effects of OA and OW on the ecological risk posed by copper in the Ocean of East China (OEC), which includes the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between temperature and copper toxicity, while there was a negative correlation between pH and copper toxicity. The short-term water quality criteria (WQC) values were 1.53, 1.41, 1.30 and 1.13 μg·L-1, while the long-term WQC values were 0.58, 0.48, 0.40 and 0.29 μg·L-1 for 2020, 2099-RCP2.6, 2099-RCP4.5 and 2099-RCP8.5, respectively. Cu in the OEC poses a moderate ecological risk. Under the current copper exposure situation, strict intervention (RCP2.6) only increases the ecological risk of copper exposure by 20 %, and no intervention (RCP8.5) will increase the ecological risk of copper exposure by nearly double. The results indicate that intervention on carbon emissions can slow down the rate at which OA and OW worsen the damage copper poses to marine creatures. This study can provide valuable information for a comprehensive understanding of the combined impacts of climate change and copper on marine organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiangyun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xubo Lv
- Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Kun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang J, Cao L, Jin X, Yu Z, Zhang H, Fu J, Jiang G. Response of ocean acidification to atmospheric carbon dioxide removal. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 140:79-90. [PMID: 38331517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Artificial CO2 removal from the atmosphere (also referred to as negative CO2 emissions) has been proposed as a potential means to counteract anthropogenic climate change. Here we use an Earth system model to examine the response of ocean acidification to idealized atmospheric CO2 removal scenarios. In our simulations, atmospheric CO2 is assumed to increase at a rate of 1% per year to four times its pre-industrial value and then decreases to the pre-industrial level at a rate of 0.5%, 1%, 2% per year, respectively. Our results show that the annual mean state of surface ocean carbonate chemistry fields including hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]), pH and aragonite saturation state respond quickly to removal of atmospheric CO2. However, the change of seasonal cycle in carbonate chemistry lags behind the decline in atmospheric CO2. When CO2 returns to the pre-industrial level, over some parts of the ocean, relative to the pre-industrial state, the seasonal amplitude of carbonate chemistry fields is substantially larger. Simulation results also show that changes in deep ocean carbonate chemistry substantially lag behind atmospheric CO2 change. When CO2 returns to its pre-industrial value, the whole-ocean acidity measured by [H+] is 15%-18% larger than the pre-industrial level, depending on the rate of CO2 decrease. Our study demonstrates that even if atmospheric CO2 can be lowered in the future as a result of net negative CO2 emissions, the recovery of some aspects of ocean acidification would take decades to centuries, which would have important implications for the resilience of marine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Long Cao
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zechen Yu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Zhejiang Climate Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Jianjie Fu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thangal SH, Muralisankar T, Mohan K, Santhanam P, Venmathi Maran BA. Biological and physiological responses of marine crabs to ocean acidification: A review. Environ Res 2024; 248:118238. [PMID: 38262516 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Marine crabs play an integral role in the food chain and scavenge the debris in the ecosystem. Gradual increases in global atmospheric carbon dioxide cause ocean acidification (OA) and global warming that leads to severe consequences for marine organisms including crabs. Also, OA combined with other stressors like temperature, hypoxia, and heavy metals causes more severe adverse effects in marine crabs. The present review was made holistic discussion of information from 111 articles, of which 37 peer-reviewed original research papers reported on the effect of OA experiments and its combination with other stressors like heavy metals, temperature, and hypoxia on growth, survival, molting, chitin quality, food indices, tissue biochemical constituents, hemocytes population, and biomarker enzymes of marine crabs. Nevertheless, the available reports are still in the infancy of marine crabs, hence, this review depicts the possible gaps and future research needs on the impact of OA on marine crabs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Said Hamid Thangal
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kannan Mohan
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 316, India
| | - Perumal Santhanam
- Marine Planktonology& Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli- 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran
- Institute of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyomachi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schultz J, Berry Gobler DL, Young CS, Perez A, Doall MH, Gobler CJ. Ocean acidification significantly alters the trace element content of the kelp, Saccharina latissima. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 202:116289. [PMID: 38564822 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Seaweeds are ecosystem engineers that can serve as habitat, sequester carbon, buffer ecosystems against acidification, and, in an aquaculture setting, represent an important food source. One health issue regarding the consumption of seaweeds and specifically, kelp, is the accumulation of some trace elements of concern within tissues. As atmospheric CO2 concentrations rise, and global oceans acidify, the concentrations of elements in seawater and kelp may change. Here, we cultivated the sugar kelp, Saccharina latissima under ambient (~400 μatm) and elevated pCO2 (600-2400 μatm) conditions and examined the accumulation of trace elements using x-ray powder diffraction, sub-micron resolution x-ray imaging, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Exposure of S. latissima to higher concentrations of pCO2 and lower pH caused a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the iodine and arsenic content of kelp along with increased subcellular heterogeneity of these two elements as well as bromine. The iodine-to‑calcium and bromine-to‑calcium ratios of kelp also increased significantly under high CO2/low pH (p < 0.05). In contrast, high CO2/low pH significantly reduced levels of copper and cadmium in kelp tissue (p < 0.05) and there were significant inverse correlations between concentrations of pCO2 and concentrations of cadmium and copper in kelp (p < 0.05). Changes in copper and cadmium levels in kelp were counter to expected changes in their free ionic concentrations in seawater, suggesting that the influence of low pH on algal physiology was an important control on the elemental content of kelp. Collectively, these findings reveal the complex effects of ocean acidification on the elemental composition of seaweeds and indicate that the elemental content of seaweeds used as food must be carefully monitored as climate change accelerates this century.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Schultz
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Biological Sciences, Nashville, TN 37235, United States of America; Westhampton Beach High School, Westhampton Beach, NY 11978, United States of America
| | - Dianna L Berry Gobler
- Westhampton Beach High School, Westhampton Beach, NY 11978, United States of America; Stony Brook University, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Southampton, NY 11968, United States of America
| | - Craig S Young
- Stony Brook University, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Southampton, NY 11968, United States of America
| | - Aleida Perez
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Educational Programs Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Michael H Doall
- Stony Brook University, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Southampton, NY 11968, United States of America
| | - Christopher J Gobler
- Stony Brook University, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Southampton, NY 11968, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Song M, Huo D, Pang L, Yu Z, Yang X, Zhang A, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Yuan X. Effects of seawater acidification and warming on morphometrics and biomineralization-related gene expression during embryo-larval development of a lightly-calcified echinoderm. Environ Res 2024; 248:118248. [PMID: 38278510 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
CO2-induced ocean acidification and warming pose ecological threats to marine life, especially calcifying species such as echinoderms, who rely on biomineralization for skeleton formation. However, previous studies on echinoderm calcification amid climate change had a strong bias towards heavily calcified echinoderms, with little research on lightly calcified ones, such as sea cucumbers. Here, we analyzed the embryo-larval development and their biomineralization-related gene expression of a lightly calcified echinoderm, the sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus), under experimental seawater acidification (OA) and/or warming (OW). Results showed that OA (- 0.37 units) delayed development and decreased body size (8.58-56.25 % and 0.36-19.66 % decreases in stage duration and body length, respectively), whereas OW (+3.1 °C) accelerated development and increased body size (33.99-55.28 % increase in stage duration and 2.44-14.41 % enlargement in body length). OW buffered the negative effects of OA on the development timing and body size of A. japonicus. Additionally, no target genes were expressed in the blastula stage, and only two biomineralization genes (colp3α, cyp2) and five TFs (erg, tgif, foxN2/3, gata1/2/3, and tbr) were expressed throughout the embryo-larval development. Our findings suggest that the low calcification in A. japonicus larvae may be caused by biomineralization genes contraction, and low expression of those genes. Furthermore, this study indicated that seawater acidification and warming affect expression of biomineralization-related genes, and had an effect on body size and development rate during the embryo-larval stage in sea cucumbers. Our study is a first step toward a better understanding of the complexity of high pCO2 on calcification and helpful for revealing the adaptive strategy of less-calcified echinoderms amid climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Song
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China; National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Da Huo
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lei Pang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Zhenglin Yu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Anguo Zhang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiutang Yuan
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China; National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Dalian, 116023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu R, Wu Y, Zhai R, Gao K, Xu J. Ocean acidification and desalination increase the growth and photosynthesis of the diatom Skeletonema costatum isolated from the coastal water of the Yellow Sea. Mar Environ Res 2024; 197:106450. [PMID: 38552454 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Global climate changes induce substantial alterations in the marine system, including ocean acidification (OA), desalination and warming of surface seawater. Here, we examined the combined effects of OA and reduced salinity under different temperatures on the growth and photosynthesis of the diatom Skeletonema costatum. After having been acclimated to 2 CO2 concentrations (400 μatm, 1000 μatm) and 2 salinity levels (20 psu, 30 psu) at temperature levels of 10 °C and 20 °C, the diatom showed enhanced growth rate at the lowered salinity and elevated pCO2 irrespective of the temperature. The OA treatment increased the net photosynthetic rate and biogenic silica (Bsi) contents. Increasing the temperature from 10 to 20 °C raised the net photosynthetic rate by over twofold. The elevated pCO2 increased the net and gross photosynthetic rates by 20%-40% and by 16%-32%, respectively, with the higher enhancement observed at the higher levels of salinity and temperature. Our results imply that OA and desalination along with warming to the levels tested can enhance S. costatum's competitiveness in coastal phytoplankton communities under influence of future climate changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Rui Zhai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Kunshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Juntian Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Salt Marsh Ecosystems and Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cui D, Zou W, Wu B, Jiao R, Zhang S, Zhao T, Zhan Y, Chang Y. Interactive effects of chronic ocean acidification and warming on the growth, survival, and physiological responses of adults of the temperate sea urchin Strongylocentrotusintermedius. Chemosphere 2024; 356:141907. [PMID: 38588896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the interactive effects of chronic ocean acidification and warming (OAW) on the growth, survival, and physiological responses of sea urchins, adults of the temperate sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius were incubated separately/jointly in acidic (ΔpHNBS = -0.5 units) and thermal (ΔT = +3.0 °C) seawater for 120 days under lab-controlled conditions based on the projected ocean pH and temperature for 2100 put forward by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Survival rate (SR), average food consumption rate (FCR), gut index (GuI), specific growth rate (SGR), digestive capability, energy production, and antioxidant capability were subsequently determined. The results showed that 1) the SR, FCR, GuI and SGR decreased sharply under OAW conditions. Significant interactive effects of OAW on SR and SGR were observed at 120 days post-incubation (dpi), and on FCR this occurred at 90 dpi. 2) OAW altered the activities of both digestive and antioxidant enzymes. There were significant interaction effects of OAW on the activities of amylase, trehalase, and superoxide dismutase. 3) The relative gene expression levels and activities of key enzymes involved in glycometabolism pathways (i.e., glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle) were significantly affected by OAW, resulting in an alteration of the total ATP content in the sea urchins. Interaction effects of OAW were observed in both relative gene expression and the activity of enzymes involved in glycolysis (hexokinase), the transformation of glycolysis end-products (lactate dehydrogenase), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (citrate synthetase), and ATP production (Na+/K+-ATPase). The data from this study will enrich our knowledge concerning the combined effects of global climate change on the survival, growth, and physiological responses of echinoderms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China; College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Boqiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Renhe Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Tanjun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China; College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116029, PR China
| | - Yaoyao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China.
| | - Yaqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Prakash S, Kumar A. Influencing intertidal food web: Implications of ocean acidification on the physiological energetics of key species the 'wedge' clam Donax faba. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 202:116366. [PMID: 38621355 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Ocean acidification has become increasingly severe in coastal areas. It poses emerging threats to coastal organisms and influences ecological functioning. Donax faba, a dominant clam in the intertidal zone of the Bay of Bengal, plays an important role in the coastal food web. This clam has been widely consumed by the local communities and also acts as a staple diet for shorebirds and crustaceans. In this paper, we investigated how acidified conditions will influence the physiology, biochemical constituents, and energetics of Donax faba. Upon incubation for 2 months in lowered pH 7.7 ± 0.05 and control 8.1 ± 0.05 conditions, we found a delayed growth in the acidified conditions followed by decrease in calcium ions in the clam shell. Although not significant, we found the digestive enzymes showed a downward trend. Total antioxidant was significantly increased in the acidified condition compared to the control. Though not significant, the expression level of MDA and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GST, GPX, and APX) showed increasing trend in acidified samples. Among nutrients such as amino acids and fatty acids, there was no significant difference between treatments, however, showed a downward trend in the acidified conditions compared to control. Among the minerals, iron and zinc showed significant increase in the acidified conditions. The above results suggest that the clam growth, and physiological energetics may have deleterious effects if exposed for longer durations at lowered pH condition thereby affecting the organisms involved in the coastal food web.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Prakash
- Centre for Climate Change Studies, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; Sathyabama Marine Research Station, Sallimalai Street, Rameswaram 623526, Tamil Nadu India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Centre for Climate Change Studies, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; Sathyabama Marine Research Station, Sallimalai Street, Rameswaram 623526, Tamil Nadu India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu N, Bourdeau PE, Hollander J. Responses of marine trophic levels to the combined effects of ocean acidification and warming. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3400. [PMID: 38649374 PMCID: PMC11035698 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms are simultaneously exposed to anthropogenic stressors associated with ocean acidification and ocean warming, with expected interactive effects. Species from different trophic levels with dissimilar characteristics and evolutionary histories are likely to respond differently. Here, we perform a meta-analysis of controlled experiments including both ocean acidification and ocean warming factors to investigate single and interactive effects of these stressors on marine species. Contrary to expectations, we find that synergistic interactions are less common (16%) than additive (40%) and antagonistic (44%) interactions overall and their proportion decreases with increasing trophic level. Predators are the most tolerant trophic level to both individual and combined effects. For interactive effects, calcifying and non-calcifying species show similar patterns. We also identify climate region-specific patterns, with interactive effects ranging from synergistic in temperate regions to compensatory in subtropical regions, to positive in tropical regions. Our findings improve understanding of how ocean warming, and acidification affect marine trophic levels and highlight the need for deeper consideration of multiple stressors in conservation efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Biology- Aquatic Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul E Bourdeau
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, Arcata, CA, USA
| | - Johan Hollander
- World Maritime University, Ocean Sustainability, Governance & Management Unit, 211 18, Malmö, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Williams J, Pettorelli N, Hartmann AC, Quinn RA, Plaisance L, O'Mahoney M, Meyer CP, Fabricius KE, Knowlton N, Ransome E. Decline of a distinct coral reef holobiont community under ocean acidification. Microbiome 2024; 12:75. [PMID: 38627822 PMCID: PMC11022381 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbes play vital roles across coral reefs both in the environment and inside and upon macrobes (holobionts), where they support critical functions such as nutrition and immune system modulation. These roles highlight the potential ecosystem-level importance of microbes, yet most knowledge of microbial functions on reefs is derived from a small set of holobionts such as corals and sponges. Declining seawater pH - an important global coral reef stressor - can cause ecosystem-level change on coral reefs, providing an opportunity to study the role of microbes at this scale. We use an in situ experimental approach to test the hypothesis that under such ocean acidification (OA), known shifts among macrobe trophic and functional groups may drive a general ecosystem-level response extending across macrobes and microbes, leading to reduced distinctness between the benthic holobiont community microbiome and the environmental microbiome. RESULTS We test this hypothesis using genetic and chemical data from benthic coral reef community holobionts sampled across a pH gradient from CO2 seeps in Papua New Guinea. We find support for our hypothesis; under OA, the microbiome and metabolome of the benthic holobiont community become less compositionally distinct from the sediment microbiome and metabolome, suggesting that benthic macrobe communities are colonised by environmental microbes to a higher degree under OA conditions. We also find a simplification and homogenisation of the benthic photosynthetic community, and an increased abundance of fleshy macroalgae, consistent with previously observed reef microbialisation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a novel structural shift in coral reefs involving macrobes and microbes: that the microbiome of the benthic holobiont community becomes less distinct from the sediment microbiome under OA. Our findings suggest that microbialisation and the disruption of macrobe trophic networks are interwoven general responses to environmental stress, pointing towards a universal, undesirable, and measurable form of ecosystem changed. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Williams
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Nathalie Pettorelli
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Aaron C Hartmann
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Quinn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Laetitia Plaisance
- Laboratoire Evolution Et Diversité Biologique, CNRS/UPS, Toulouse, France
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| | - Michael O'Mahoney
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| | - Chris P Meyer
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| | | | - Nancy Knowlton
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| | - Emma Ransome
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bai Z, Yin J, Cheng L, Song L, Zhang YY, Wang M. Multistress Interplay: Time and Duration of Ocean Acidification Modulate the Toxicity of Mercury and Other Metals. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:6487-6498. [PMID: 38579165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The current understanding of multistress interplay assumes stresses occur in perfect synchrony, but this assumption is rarely met in the natural marine ecosystem. To understand the interplay between nonperfectly overlapped stresses in the ocean, we manipulated a multigenerational experiment (F0-F3) to explore how different temporal scenarios of ocean acidification will affect mercury toxicity in a marine copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei. We found that the scenario of past acidification aggravated mercury toxicity but current and persistent acidification mitigated its toxicity. We specifically performed a proteomics analysis for the copepods of F3. The results indicated that current and persistent acidification initiated the energy compensation for development and mercury efflux, whereas past acidification lacked the barrier of H+ and had dysfunction in the detoxification and efflux system, providing a mechanistic understanding of mercury toxicity under different acidification scenarios. Furthermore, we conducted a meta-analysis on marine animals, demonstrating that different acidification scenarios could alter the toxicity of several other metals, despite evidence from nonsynchronous scenarios remaining limited. Our study thus demonstrates that time and duration of ocean acidification modulate mercury toxicity in marine copepods and suggests that future studies should move beyond the oversimplified scenario of perfect synchrony in understanding multistress interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoan Bai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Junjie Yin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Luman Cheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Luting Song
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yuan-Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Du Y, Teng J, Zhao J, Ren J, Ma H, Zhang T, Xia B, Sun S, Wang Q. Effects of ocean acidification and polystyrene microplastics on the oysters Crassostrea gigas: An integrated biomarker and metabolomic approach. Mar Environ Res 2024; 196:106434. [PMID: 38460223 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The adverse impacts of microplastics (MPs) or ocean acidification (OA) on mollusks have been widely reported, however, little is known about their combined effects on mollusks. The oysters Crassostrea gigas were exposed to two sizes of polystyrene MPs with 1 × 104 particles/L (small polystyrene MPs (SPS-MPs): 6 μm, large polystyrene MPs (LPS-MPs): 50-60 μm) at two pH levels (7.7 and 8.1) for 14 days. The antagonistic effects between MPs and OA on oysters were mainly observed. Single SPS-MPs exposure can induce CAT enzyme activity and LPO level in gills, while LPS-MPs exposure alone can increase PGK and PEPCK gene expression in digestive glands. Ocean acidification can increase clearance rate and inhibit antioxidant enzyme activity, whereas combined exposure of OA and SPS-MPs can affect the metabolomic profile of digestive glands. This study emphasized that the potential toxic effects of MPs under the scene of climate change should be concerned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Du
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Jia Teng
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Jingying Ren
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Hengyuan Ma
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209 16, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Bin Xia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Shan Sun
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China.
| | - Qing Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ni Z, Liu J, Cui W, Cao L, Dou S. Interactive impacts of CO 2-induced seawater acidification and cadmium exposure on antioxidant defenses of juvenile tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 201:116284. [PMID: 38522335 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Antioxidant responses of juvenile sole exposed to seawater acidification (SA) and Cd were investigated. SA increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the fish, independent of Cd concentrations. Cd at medium and high levels inflated LPO under no or moderate SA conditions. This effect was absent under high SA levels, due to SA effect exceeding and obscuring Cd effect. SA and Cd collaborated to provoke LPO, with SOD and CAT being stimulated to defend against oxidative stress, while those related to GSH redox cycle were inhibited under SA exposure. Responses of GSH-related antioxidants to Cd impact varied contingent on their interactions with SA. This defensive strategy was insufficient to protect fish from increased LPO. Antioxidants responded more sensitively to SA than Cd exposure. GSH, GR, SOD and CAT are sensitive biomarkers for SA conditions. The findings offer insights into assessing fish's antioxidant defense strategy under Cd and SA circumstances in natural habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Ni
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jinhu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenting Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Liang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shuozeng Dou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Z, Yi L, Hu Y, Liu N, Ren L. Submarine groundwater discharge and ocean acidification: Implications from China's coastal waters. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 201:116252. [PMID: 38479328 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is a global environmental concern, and submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a potentially process that enhances OA. This review summarizes the relationship between two types of constituents carried by SGD into China's seawater and OA. 1) Current research predominantly concentrates on constituent fluxes from SGD, neglecting its ecological impacts on carbon and nutrients budgets, as well as the mechanisms between carbon and nutrients. 2) Uncertainties persist in SGD research methods and acidification characterization. 3) There's a need to enhance quantitative research methods of SGD-OA, particularly in areas with intricate biogeochemical processes. Effective identification methods are crucial to quantify SGD's contribution to OA. Investigating core scientific questions, including SGD's impact on OA rates and scales, is paramount. While the primary focus is on SGD-OA research in China, insights gained from novel perspectives could have broader value for coastal management globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Lixin Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
| | - Yubin Hu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Lu Ren
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Romero-Freire A, De Marchi L, Freitas R, Velo A, Babarro JMF, Cobelo-García A. Ocean acidification impact on the uptake of trace elements by mussels and their biochemical effects. Aquat Toxicol 2024; 269:106882. [PMID: 38442506 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the intricate interplay between ocean acidification (OA), metal bioaccumulation, and cellular responses using mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) as bioindicators. For this purpose, environmentally realistic concentrations of isotopically labelled metals (Cd, Cu, Ag, Ce) were added to investigate whether the OA increase would modify metal bioaccumulation and induce adverse effects at the cellular level. The study reveals that while certain elements like Cd and Ag might remain unaffected by OA, the bioavailability of Cu and Ce could potentially escalate, leading to amplified accumulation in marine organisms. The present findings highlight a significant rise in Ce concentrations within different mussel organs under elevated pCO2 conditions, accompanied by an increased isotopic fractionation of Ce (140/142Ce), suggesting a heightened potential for metal accumulation under OA. The results suggested that OA influenced metal accumulation in the gills of mussels. Conversely, metal accumulation in the digestive gland was unaffected by OA. The exposure to both trace metals and OA affects the biochemical responses of M. galloprovincialis, leading to increased metabolic capacity, changes in energy reserves, and alterations in oxidative stress markers, but the specific effects on other biomarkers (e.g., lipid peroxidation, some enzymatic responses or acetylcholinesterase activity) were not uniform, suggesting complex interactions between the stressors and the biochemical pathways in the mussels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Romero-Freire
- Department of Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry, University of Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain; Institute of Marine Research - Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - L De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Veterinary, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - R Freitas
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Velo
- Institute of Marine Research - Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - J M F Babarro
- Institute of Marine Research - Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - A Cobelo-García
- Institute of Marine Research - Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shang Y, He J, Qiu J, Hu S, Wang X, Zhang T, Wang W, Yuan X, Xu J, Li F. The tolerance of two marine diatoms to diurnal pH fluctuation under dynamic light condition and ocean acidification scenario. Mar Environ Res 2024; 196:106425. [PMID: 38442592 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Coastal waters undergo dynamic changes in seawater carbonate chemistry due to natural and anthropogenic factors. Despite this, our current understanding of how coastal phytoplankton respond to fluctuating pH is limited. In the present study, we investigated the physiological responses of two coastal diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana and Thalassiosira weissflogii to seawater acidification and diurnally fluctuating pH under natural solar irradiance. Seawater acidification did not significantly impact the growth, maximum and effective quantum yield of PSII, and photosynthetic rates of the two species. However, it did increase the maximum relative electron transport rate of T. weissflogii by 11%. Overall, fluctuating pH had neutral or positive effects on both species. It enhanced the light-saturated photosynthetic rate of T. weissflogii by 20% compared to cells grown under seawater acidification condition. Results from the short-term pH exposure experiment revealed that the photosynthetic rates of both species remained unaffected by acute pH changes, indicating their tolerance to varying pH. Nevertheless, it is crucial to consider dynamic pH when predicting changes in primary production in coastal waters, given the interplay of various environmental drivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jie He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jingmin Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Siyu Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Tianzhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Juntian Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Futian Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China; Marine Resources Development Institute of Jiangsu, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jia R, Yin M, Feng X, Chen C, Qu C, Liu L, Li P, Li ZH. Ocean acidification alters shellfish-algae nutritional value and delivery. Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170841. [PMID: 38340841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The ecological effects of climate change and ocean acidification (OA) have been extensively studied. Various microalgae are ecologically important in the overall pelagic food web as key contributors to oceanic primary productivity. Additionally, no organism exists in isolation in a complex environment, and shifts in food quality may lead to indirect OA effects on consumers. This study aims to investigate the potential effects of OA on algal trophic composition and subsequent bivalve growth. Here, the growth and nutrient fractions of Chlorella sp., Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Chaetocetos muelleri were used to synthesize and assess the impact of OA on primary productivity. Total protein content, total phenolic compounds, and amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) content were evaluated as nutritional indicators. The results demonstrated that the three microalgae responded positively to OA in the future environment, significantly enhancing growth performance and nutritional value as a food source. Additionally, certain macromolecular fractions found in consumers are closely linked to their dietary sources, such as phenylalanine, C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C20:1n9, C18:0, and C18:3n. Our findings illustrate that OA affects a wide range of crucial primary producers in the oceans, which can disrupt nutrient delivery and have profound impacts on the entire marine ecosystem and human food health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Jia
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Minghao Yin
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Chengzhuang Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Chunfeng Qu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cossa D, Infantes E, Dupont S. Hidden cost of pH variability in seagrass beds on marine calcifiers under ocean acidification. Sci Total Environ 2024; 915:170169. [PMID: 38244616 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems experience large environmental variability leading to local adaptation. The key role of variability and adaptation in modulating the biological sensitivity to ocean acidification is increasingly acknowledged. Monitoring and understanding the ecological niche at the right spatio-temporal scale is key to understand the sensitivity of any organism and ecosystems. However, the role of the variability in relevant carbonate chemistry parameters as a driver is often overlooked. For example, the balance between photosynthesis and respiration over the day/night cycle is leading to high pH/pCO2 variability in seagrass beds. We hypothesized that (i) the calcifying larvae of the sea urchin Echinus esculentus exposed to seagrass-driven variability would have some physiological mechanisms to respond to such variability; and (ii) these mechanisms would reach their limit under ocean acidification. We compared the presence and absence of the seagrass Zostera marina in flow through mesocosms fed with seawater with 4 pHs. The carbonate chemistry was monitored and biological response of a sea urchin larvae was documented over 3 weeks. Growth and net calcification rates were measured twice a day to encompass diurnal variability. Our results show that larvae growth rate significantly decreased with decreasing average pHT in both absence and presence of seagrass. Moreover, sea urchin larvae showed a slower growth rate in presence of seagrass, only visible in the lowest pH conditions. In addition, larvae raised in presence of seagrass, maximized calcification during the day, and lower their calcification during the night. In contrast, no significant difference was observed between day and night for the net calcification rate in larvae raised in absence of seagrass. Our results demonstrate the limit of local adaptation to the present range of variability under ocean acidification conditions. It also demonstrates that photosynthetic ecosystems such as seagrass may not play a role of refuge against future ocean acidification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damboia Cossa
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Kristineberg, 45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden; Department of Biological Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, 257 Maputo, Mozambique.
| | - Eduardo Infantes
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Kristineberg, 45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| | - Sam Dupont
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Kristineberg, 45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden; Radioecology Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Monaco
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Seo H, Cho B, Joo S, Ahn IY, Kim T. Archival records of the Antarctic clam shells from Marian Cove, King George Island suggest a protective mechanism against ocean acidification. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 200:116052. [PMID: 38290361 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Continuous emissions of anthropogenic CO2 are changing the atmospheric and oceanic environment. Although some species may have compensatory mechanisms to acclimatize or adapt to the changing environment, most marine organisms are negatively influenced by climate change. In this study, we aimed to understand the compensatory mechanisms of the Antarctic clam, Laternula elliptica, to climate-related stressors by using archived shells from 1995 to 2018. Principal component analysis revealed that seawater pCO2 and salinity in the Antarctic Ocean, which have increased since the 2000's, are the most influential factors on the characteristics of the shell. The periostracum thickness ratio and nitrogen on the outermost surface have increased, and the dissolution area (%) has decreased. Furthermore, the calcium content and mechanical properties of the shells have not changed. The results suggest that L. elliptica retains the mechanism of protecting the shell from high pCO2 by thickening the periostracum as a phenotype plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyein Seo
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Boongho Cho
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Soobin Joo
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Young Ahn
- Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewon Kim
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang Y, Xiao Z, Wei Z, Long L. Increased light intensity enhances photosynthesis and biochemical components of red macroalga of commercial importance, Kappaphycus alvarezii, in response to ocean acidification. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 208:108465. [PMID: 38422577 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has increased drastically over the past several decades, resulting in the pH of the ocean decreasing by 0.44 ± 0.005 units, known as ocean acidification (OA). The Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae), is a commercially and ecologically important red macroalga with significant CO2 absorption potential from seawater. The K. alvarezii also experienced light variations from self-shading and varied cultivation depths. Thus, the aim of present study was to investigate the effects of two pCO2 levels (450 and 1200 ppmv) and three light intensities (50, 100, and 150 μmol photons·m-2·s-1) on photosynthesis and the biochemical components in K. alvarezii. The results of the present study showed that a light intensity of 50 μmol photons·m-2·s-1 was optimal for K. alvarezii photosynthesis with 0.663 ± 0.030 of Fv/Fm and 0.672 ± 0.025 of Fv'/Fm'. Phycoerythrin contents at two pCO2 levels decreased significantly with an increase in light intensity by 57.14-87.76%, while phycocyanin contents only decreased from 0.0069 ± 0.001 mg g-1 FW to 0.0047 ± 0.001 mg g-1 FW with an increase in light intensity at 1200 ppmv of pCO2. Moreover, moderate increases in light intensity and pCO2 had certain positive effects on the physiological performance of K. alvarezii, specifically in terms of increasing soluble carbohydrate production. Although OA and high light levels promoted total organic carbon accumulation (21.730 ± 0.205% DW) in K. alvarezii, they had a negative impact on total nitrogen accumulation (0.600 ± 0.017% DW).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhangliang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China.
| | - Lijuan Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou, 515041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang T, Wang X, Zhang Q, Yang D, Zhang X, Liu H, Wang Q, Dong Z, Zhao J. Interactive effects of multiple antibiotic residues and ocean acidification on physiology and metabolome of the bay scallops Argopecten irradians irradians. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168941. [PMID: 38056652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Coastal areas are confronted with compounding threats arising from both climatic and non-climatic stressors. Antibiotic pollution and ocean acidification are two prevalently concurrent environmental stressors. Yet their interactive effects on marine biota have not been investigated adequately and the compound hazard remain obscure. In this study, bay scallops Argopecten irradians irradians were exposed to multiple antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, norfloxacin, and erythromycin, each at a concentration of 1 μg/L) combined with/without acidic seawater (pH 7.6) for 35 days. The single and interactive effects of the two stressors on A. irradians irradians were determined from multidimensional bio-responses, including energetic physiological traits as well as the molecular underpinning (metabolome and expressions of key genes). Results showed that multiple antibiotics predominantly enhanced the process of DNA repair and replication via disturbing the purine metabolism pathway. This alternation is perhaps to cope with the DNA damage induced by oxidative stress. Ocean acidification mainly disrupted energy metabolism and ammonia metabolism of the scallops, as evidenced by the increased ammonia excretion rate, the decreased O:N ratio, and perturbations in amino acid metabolism pathways. Moreover, the antagonistic effects of multiple antibiotics and ocean acidification caused alternations in the relative abundance of neurotransmitter and gene expression of neurotransmitter receptors, which may lead to neurological disorders in scallops. Overall, the revealed alternations in physiological traits, metabolites and gene expressions provide insightful information for the health status of bivalves in a natural environmental condition under the climate change scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Zhijun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
D'Alessandro M, Gambi MC, Bazzarro M, Caruso C, Di Bella M, Esposito V, Gattuso A, Giacobbe S, Kralj M, Italiano F, Lazzaro G, Sabatino G, Urbini L, Vittor CD. Characterization of an undocumented CO2 hydrothermal vent system in the Mediterranean Sea: Implications for ocean acidification forecasting. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292593. [PMID: 38329978 PMCID: PMC10852272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A previously undocumented shallow water hydrothermal field from Sicily (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) is here described, based on a multidisciplinary investigation. The field, covering an area of nearly 8000 m2 and a depth from the surface to -5 m, was explored in June 2021 to characterise the main physico-chemical features of the water column, describe the bottom topography and features, and identify the main megabenthic and nektonic species. Twenty sites were investigated to characterise the carbonate system. Values of pH ranged between 7.84 and 8.04, ΩCa between 3.68 and 5.24 and ΩAr from 2.41 to 3.44. Geochemical analyses of hydrothermal gases revealed a dominance of CO2 (98.1%) together with small amounts of oxygen and reactive gases. Helium isotope ratios (R/Ra = 2.51) and δ13CCO2 suggest an inorganic origin of hydrothermal degassing of CO2 and the ascent of heat and deep-seated magmatic fluids to the surface. Visual census of fishes and megabenthos (mainly sessile organisms) allowed the identification of 64 species, four of which are protected by the SPA/BIO Protocol and two by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The macroalgae Halopteris scoparia and Jania rubens and the sponge Sarcotragus sp. were the dominant taxa in the area, while among fishes Coris julis and Chromis chromis were the most abundant species. This preliminary investigation of San Giorgio vent field suggests that the site could be of interest and suitable for future experimental studies of ocean acidification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matteo Bazzarro
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caruso
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - INGV, Palermo e Sede Operativa di Milazzo, Milazzo, Italy
| | - Marcella Di Bella
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
- Sede Territoriale Sicilia, Department of Integrated Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Milazzo, Italy
| | - Valentina Esposito
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Research Infrastructures for Marine Biological Resources Department, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gattuso
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - INGV, Palermo e Sede Operativa di Milazzo, Milazzo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Giacobbe
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Martina Kralj
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Italiano
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - INGV, Palermo e Sede Operativa di Milazzo, Milazzo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lazzaro
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - INGV, Palermo e Sede Operativa di Milazzo, Milazzo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sabatino
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lidia Urbini
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cinzia De Vittor
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang Z, Ma J, Chen F, Chen Y, Pan K, Liu H. Mechanisms underlying the alleviated cadmium toxicity in marine diatoms adapted to ocean acidification. J Hazard Mater 2024; 463:132804. [PMID: 37890381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have significantly increased the influx of carbon dioxide and metals into the marine environment. Combining ocean acidification (OA) and metal pollution may lead to unforeseen biological and ecological consequences. Several studies have shown that OA reduces cadmium (Cd) toxicity in marine diatoms. Although these studies have shed light on the physiological and transcriptomic responses of diatoms exposed to Cd, many aspects of the mechanisms underlying the reduced metal accumulation in diatoms remain unknown. This study aims to address this unresolved question by comparing Cd subcellular distribution, antioxidant enzyme activity, relative expression of metal transporters, surface potential, surface composition, and transmembrane potential in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum grown under ambient and 1200 µatm pCO2 conditions. Our findings reveal that diatoms grown in acidified seawater exhibit higher surface potential and higher plasma membrane depolarization. These changes and the competing effects of increased H+ concentration result in a blunted response of P. tricornutum to the Cd challenge. Consequently, this study offers a new explanation for mitigating Cd toxicity by marine diatoms adapted to OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jie Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yingya Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Pan
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Borburema HDS, Karsten U, Plag N, Yokoya NS, Marinho-Soriano E. Low molecular weight carbohydrate patterns of mangrove macroalgae from different climatic niches under ocean acidification, warming and salinity variation. Mar Environ Res 2024; 194:106316. [PMID: 38150789 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification has increased due to the enhanced solubility of CO2 in seawater. Mangrove macroalgae in tropical and subtropical coastal regions can benefit from the higher availability of CO2 for photosynthesis and primary production. However, they can be negatively affected by the simultaneously occurring warming and increased salinity in estuaries. Thus, we analyzed the isolated effects of ocean acidification and the interactive effects of increased temperature and salinity on the low molecular weight carbohydrate (LMWC) contents of the mangrove red macroalgae Bostrychia montagnei and Bostrychia calliptera from Brazilian tropical and subtropical populations. Specimens from both climatic niches were tolerant to pH decreased by CO2 enrichment and enhanced their LMWC contents under increased availability of CO2. Specimens from both climatic niches also accumulated their dulcitol and sorbitol contents to cope with warming and salt stress. Nevertheless, temperature of 34 °C was lethal for tropical macroalgae, while 29 °C and 31 °C were lethal for subtropical B. calliptera under salinity of 35. Tropical and subtropical B. montagnei synthesized dulcitol (5-110 mmol kg-1 dry weight) and sorbitol (5-100 mmol kg-1 dry weight) as osmoregulatory, energy and thermal protection compounds, whereas tropical and subtropical B. calliptera synthesized mainly dulcitol (10-210 mmol kg-1 dry weight). Although digeneaside has an energy function in Bostrychia spp., it is not an osmolyte or thermal protection compound. Our data demonstrated that both tropical and subtropical Bostrychia spp. benefit from ocean acidification by CO2 enrichment, increasing their LMWC contents. However, warming and increased salinity in estuaries will be detrimental to them, even they producing protective metabolites. Multifactorial approaches are recommended to investigate whether negative effects of increased temperature and salinity nullify positive effects of ocean acidification on these Bostrychia species/populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique D S Borburema
- Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Via Costeira, Mãe Luiza, Natal, RN, 59014-002, Brazil.
| | - Ulf Karsten
- Department of Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18051, Rostock, Germany; Interdisciplinary Faculty, Department of Maritime Systems, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 21, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Niklas Plag
- Department of Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nair S Yokoya
- Biodiversity Conservation Center, Environmental Research Institute, Av. Miguel Estéfano 3687, Água Funda, São Paulo, SP, 04301-902, Brazil
| | - Eliane Marinho-Soriano
- Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Via Costeira, Mãe Luiza, Natal, RN, 59014-002, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wu Z, Wang Z, Li Z, Hao H, Qi Y, Feng D. Impacts of ocean acidification and warming on the release and activity of the barnacle waterborne settlement pheromone, adenosine. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 199:115971. [PMID: 38159384 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The effects of ocean acidification (OA) and warming on the physiological processes of many marine species have been well documented. However, far less is known about the impacts of these global variables on chemical communication. In this study, we identified the barnacle waterborne settlement pheromone (BWSP) of Balanus albicostatus as adenosine (Ado). Our results showed that neither elevated temperature (30 °C vs. ambient 26 °C) nor elevated pCO2 (1000 μatm vs. ambient 400 μatm) significantly affected the release of Ado from B. albicostatus adults. Exposure to elevated temperature and OA did not impair larval cue perception for settlement in B. albicostatus; however, OA inhibited settlement under elevated temperature in the absence/presence of BWSP, and elevated temperature induced larval settlement only in the presence of BWSP under ambient pCO2 condition. These results provided important insights into barnacle aggregation behavior in changing oceans and may help to predict the consequences of climate change on barnacle populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Wu
- College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhixuan Wang
- College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huanhuan Hao
- College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yuxuan Qi
- College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Danqing Feng
- College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Long C, Zhang Y, Wei Z, Long L. High nutrient availability modulates photosynthetic performance and biochemical components of the economically important marine macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta) in response to ocean acidification. Mar Environ Res 2024; 194:106339. [PMID: 38182500 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations not only change the components of inorganic carbon system in seawater, resulting in ocean acidification, but also lead to decreased seawater pH, resulting in ocean acidification. Consequently, increased inorganic carbon concentrations in seawater provide a sufficient carbon source for macroalgal photosynthesis and growth. Increased domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge into coastal areas has led to nutrient accumulation in coastal seawaters. Combined with elevated pCO2 (1200 ppmv), increased nutrient availability always stimulates the growth of non-calcifying macroalgae, such as red economical macroalga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. Here, we evaluated the interactive effects of nutrients with elevated pCO2 on the economically important marine macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta) in a factorial 21-day coupling experiment. The effects of increased nutrient availability on photosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments of K. alvarezii were greater than those of pCO2 concentration. The highest Fv/Fm values (0.660 ± 0.019 and 0.666 ± 0.030, respectively) were obtained at 2 μmol L-1 of NO3-N at two pCO2 levels. Under the elevated pCO2 condition, the Chl-a content was lowest (0.007 ± 0.004 mg g-1) at 2 μmol L-1 of NO3-N and highest (0.024 ± 0.002 mg g-1) at 50 μmol L-1 of NO3-N. The phycocyanin content was highest (0.052 ± 0.012 mg g-1) at 150 μmol L-1 of NO3-N under elevated pCO2 condition. The malondialdehyde content declined from 32.025 ± 4.558 nmol g-1 to 26.660 ± 3.124 nmol g-1 with the increased nutrients at under low pCO2. To modulate suitable adjustments, soluble biochemical components such as soluble carbohydrate, soluble protein, free amino acids, and proline were abundantly secreted and were likely to protect the integrity of cellular structures under elevated nutrient availability. Our findings can serve as a reference for cultivation and bioremediation methods under future environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Long
- Marine Environmental Engineering Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, PR China
| | - Yating Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhangliang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou 515041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, PR China.
| | - Lijuan Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou 515041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cheriyan E, Kumar BSK, Gupta GVM, Rao DB. Implications of ocean acidification on micronutrient elements-iron, copper and zinc, and their primary biological impacts: A review. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 199:115991. [PMID: 38211542 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
This review has been undertaken to understand the effectiveness of ocean acidification on oceanic micronutrient metal cycles (iron, copper and zinc) and its potential impacts on marine biota. Ocean acidification will slow down the oxidation of Fe(II) thereby retarding Fe(III) formation and subsequent hydrolysis/precipitation leading to an increase in iron bioavailability. Further, the increased primary production sustains enzymatic bacteria assisted Fe(III) reduction and subsequently the binding of weaker ligands favours the dissociation of free Fe(II) ions, thus increasing the bioavailability. The increasing pCO2 condition increases the bioavailability of copper ions by decreasing the availability of free CO32- ligand concentration. The strong complexation by dissolved organic matter may decrease the bioavailable iron and zinc ion concentration. Since ocean acidification affects the bioavailability of essential metals, studies on the uptake rates of these elements by phytoplankton should be carried out to reveal the future scenario and its effect on natural environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eldhose Cheriyan
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India
| | - B S K Kumar
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India.
| | - G V M Gupta
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India
| | - D Bhaskara Rao
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Britton D, Layton C, Mundy CN, Brewer EA, Gaitán-Espitia JD, Beardall J, Raven JA, Hurd CL. Cool-edge populations of the kelp Ecklonia radiata under global ocean change scenarios: strong sensitivity to ocean warming but little effect of ocean acidification. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232253. [PMID: 38228502 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Kelp forests are threatened by ocean warming, yet effects of co-occurring drivers such as CO2 are rarely considered when predicting their performance in the future. In Australia, the kelp Ecklonia radiata forms extensive forests across seawater temperatures of approximately 7-26°C. Cool-edge populations are typically considered more thermally tolerant than their warm-edge counterparts but this ignores the possibility of local adaptation. Moreover, it is unknown whether elevated CO2 can mitigate negative effects of warming. To identify whether elevated CO2 could improve thermal performance of a cool-edge population of E. radiata, we constructed thermal performance curves for growth and photosynthesis, under both current and elevated CO2 (approx. 400 and 1000 µatm). We then modelled annual performance under warming scenarios to highlight thermal susceptibility. Elevated CO2 had minimal effect on growth but increased photosynthesis around the thermal optimum. Thermal optima were approximately 16°C for growth and approximately 18°C for photosynthesis, and modelled performance indicated cool-edge populations may be vulnerable in the future. Our findings demonstrate that elevated CO2 is unlikely to offset negative effects of ocean warming on the kelp E. radiata and highlight the potential susceptibility of cool-edge populations to ocean warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damon Britton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | - Cayne Layton
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | - Craig N Mundy
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | | | - Juan Diego Gaitán-Espitia
- School of Biological Sciences and the SWIRE Institute of Marine Sciences, The University of Hong-Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - John Beardall
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - John A Raven
- Division of Plant Science, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Catriona L Hurd
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tasmania 7004, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ravaglioli C, De Marchi L, Anselmi S, Dattolo E, Fontanini D, Pretti C, Procaccini G, Rilov G, Renzi M, Silverman J, Bulleri F. Ocean acidification impairs seagrass performance under thermal stress in shallow and deep water. Environ Res 2024; 241:117629. [PMID: 37967703 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on seagrasses have been widely investigated, predictions of seagrass performance under future climates need to consider multiple environmental factors. Here, we performed a mesocosm study to assess the effects of OA on shallow and deep Posidonia oceanica plants. The experiment was run in 2021 and repeated in 2022, a year characterized by a prolonged warm water event, to test how the effects of OA on plants are modulated by thermal stress. The response of P. oceanica to experimental conditions was investigated at different levels of biological organization. Under average seawater temperature, there were no effects of OA in both shallow and deep plants, indicating that P. oceanica is not limited by current inorganic carbon concentration, regardless of light availability. In contrast, under thermal stress, exposure of plants to OA increased lipid peroxidation and decreased photosynthetic performance, with deep plants displaying higher levels of heat stress, as indicated by the over-expression of stress-related genes and the activation of antioxidant systems. In addition, warming reduced plant growth, regardless of seawater CO2 and light levels, suggesting that thermal stress may play a fundamental role in the future development of seagrass meadows. Our results suggest that OA may exacerbate the negative effects of future warming on seagrasses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ravaglioli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, CoNISMa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lucia De Marchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università of Pisa, Via Livornese (lato monte), 56122, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Serena Anselmi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015, Orbetello, GR, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Dattolo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Centre (NBFC), Palermo, Italy.
| | - Debora Fontanini
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, CoNISMa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università of Pisa, Via Livornese (lato monte), 56122, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Viale N.Sauro 4, 57128, Livorno, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Procaccini
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Centre (NBFC), Palermo, Italy.
| | - Gil Rilov
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Monia Renzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita, Università di Trieste, Via Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Jacob Silverman
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Fabio Bulleri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, CoNISMa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per Lo Studio Degli Effetti Del Cambiamento Climatico (CIRSEC), Università di Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Roussel S, Coheleach M, Martin S, Day R, Badou A, Huchette S, Dubois P, Servili A, Gaillard F, Auzoux-Bordenave S. From reproductive behaviour to responses to predators: Ocean acidification does not impact the behaviour of an herbivorous marine gastropod. Sci Total Environ 2024; 907:167526. [PMID: 37793449 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA), which reduces ocean pH and leads to substantial changes in seawater carbonate chemistry, may strongly impact organisms, especially those with carbonate skeletons. In marine molluscs, while the physiological effects of OA are well known, with a reduction of growth and shell calcification, there are few studies on behavioural effects. A large marine gastropod, Haliotis tuberculata, was exposed to ambient (pHT 8.0) or low pH (pHT 7.7) during a 5-month experiment. Because animal fitness can be affected through various behavioural changes, a broad spectrum of behavioural parameters was investigated, including situations involving no stress, responses to predators, righting to evaluate indirectly the level of energy reserves, and finally, reproductive behaviour. In addition, we measured the expression profile of the GABA A-like and serotonin receptor genes, often described as central neuromodulators of sensory performance and behaviour and known to be affected by OA in molluscs. No significant effect of low pH as compared to ambient pH was observed on abalone behaviour for any of these behavioural traits or gene expressions after either one week or several months of exposure to OA. The significance tests were corroborated by estimating the size of pH effects. The behaviour of this mollusc appears not to be affected by pH decrease expected by the end of the century, suggesting some resilience of the species to OA at the adult stage. This is probably related to the ecological niche of this abalone, where important pH variations can be observed at tidal, diurnal or seasonal scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Roussel
- Université de Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, Plouzané F-29280, France.
| | - Manon Coheleach
- Université de Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, Plouzané F-29280, France
| | - Sophie Martin
- UMR 7144 "Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin" (AD2M), CNRS/SU, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff Cedex 29680, France
| | - Rob Day
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Aicha Badou
- Direction Générale Déléguée à la Recherche, l'Expertise, la Valorisation et l'Enseignement (DGD REVE), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Station marine de Concarneau, Concarneau 29900, France
| | | | - Philippe Dubois
- Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels CP160/15 1050, Belgium
| | - Arianna Servili
- IFREMER, Université de Brest, CNRS, Plouzané IRD, LEMAR, F-29280, France
| | - Fanny Gaillard
- UMR 7144 "Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin" (AD2M), CNRS/SU, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff Cedex 29680, France
| | - Stéphanie Auzoux-Bordenave
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques" (BOREA), MNHN/CNRS/SU/IRD, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Station Marine de Concarneau, Concarneau 29900, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kim MS, Lee YH, Lee Y, Byeon E, Kim DH, Wang M, Hagiwara A, Aranda M, Wu RSS, Park HG, Lee JS. Transgenerational adaptation to ocean acidification determines the susceptibility of filter-feeding rotifers to nanoplastics. J Hazard Mater 2024; 461:132593. [PMID: 37776776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
The adaptation of marine organisms to the impending challenges presented by ocean acidification (OA) is essential for their future survival, and mechanisms underlying OA adaptation have been reported in several marine organisms. In the natural environment, however, marine organisms are often exposed to a combination of environmental stressors, and the interactions between adaptive responses have yet to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the susceptibility of filter-feeding rotifers to short-term (ST) and long-term (LT) (≥180 generations) high CO2 conditions coupled with nanoplastic (NPs) exposure (ST+ and LT+). Adaptation of rotifers to elevated CO2 caused differences in ingestion and accumulation of NPs, resulting in a significantly different mode of action on in vivo endpoints between the ST+ and LT+ groups. Moreover, microRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation was strongly correlated with the varied adaptive responses between the ST+ and LT+ groups, revealing novel regulatory targets and pathways. Our results indicate that pre-exposure history to increased CO2 levels is an important factor in the susceptibility of rotifers to NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Marine Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
| | - Yoseop Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Minghua Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Manuel Aranda
- Marine Science Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rudolf Shiu Sun Wu
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative region of China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Heum Gi Park
- Department of Marine Ecology and Environment, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Neylan IP, Swezey DS, Boles SE, Gross JA, Sih A, Stachowicz JJ. Within- and transgenerational stress legacy effects of ocean acidification on red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) growth and survival. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17048. [PMID: 37988193 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms by which individual organisms respond and populations adapt to global climate change is a critical challenge. The role of plasticity and acclimation, within and across generations, may be essential given the pace of change. We investigated plasticity across generations and life stages in response to ocean acidification (OA), which poses a growing threat to both wild populations and the sustainable aquaculture of shellfish. Most studies of OA on shellfish focus on acute effects, and less is known regarding the longer term carryover effects that may manifest within or across generations. We assessed these longer term effects in red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) using a multi-generational split-brood experiment. We spawned adults raised in ambient conditions to create offspring that we then exposed to high pCO2 (1180 μatm; simulating OA) or low pCO2 (450 μatm; control or ambient conditions) during the first 3 months of life. We then allowed these animals to reach maturity in ambient common garden conditions for 4 years before returning the adults into high or low pCO2 treatments for 11 months and measuring growth and reproductive potential. Early-life exposure to OA in the F1 generation decreased adult growth rate even after 5 years especially when abalone were re-exposed to OA as adults. Adult but not early-life exposure to OA negatively impacted fecundity. We then exposed the F2 offspring to high or low pCO2 treatments for the first 3 months of life in a fully factorial, split-brood design. We found negative transgenerational effects of parental OA exposure on survival and growth of F2 offspring, in addition to significant direct effects of OA on F2 survival. These results show that the negative impacts of OA can last within and across generations, but that buffering against OA conditions at critical life-history windows can mitigate these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle P Neylan
- Department of Evolution & Ecology, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Center for Population Biology, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Daniel S Swezey
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Kashia Band of Pomo Indians of the Stewarts Point Rancheria, Santa Rosa, California, USA
| | - Sara E Boles
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jackson A Gross
- Bodega Marine Laboratory, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Andrew Sih
- Department of Environmental Science & Policy, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - John J Stachowicz
- Department of Evolution & Ecology, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Center for Population Biology, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ravaglioli C, De Marchi L, Giannessi J, Pretti C, Bulleri F. Seagrass meadows as ocean acidification refugia for sea urchin larvae. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167465. [PMID: 37778543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Foundation species have been widely documented to provide suitable habitats for other species by ameliorating stressful environmental conditions. Nonetheless, their role in rescuing stress-sensitive species from adverse conditions due to climate change remains often unexplored. Here, we performed a mesocosm experiment to assess whether the seagrass, Posidonia oceanica, through its photosynthetic activity, could mitigate the negative effects of ocean acidification on larval development and growth of the calcifying sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus. Sea urchin larvae at early and late developmental stages that are generally associated to benthic habitats, were grown in aquaria with or without P. oceanica plants, under ambient or low pH conditions predicted by the end of the century under the worst climate scenario (RCP8.5). The percentage of abnormal larvae and their total body length under different experimental conditions were assessed on early- (i.e., pluteus; 72 h post-fertilization) and final-developmental stages (i.e., echinopluteus; 30 days post-fertilization), respectively. The presence of P. oceanica increased mean daily pH values of ∼0.1 and ∼0.15 units at ambient and low pH conditions, respectively, compared with tanks without plants. When grown at low pH in association with P. oceanica, plutei showed a ∼23 % reduction of malformations and echinoplutei a ∼34 % increase in total body length, respectively, compared with larvae developing in tanks without plants. Our results suggest that P. oceanica, by increasing pH and altering seawater carbonate chemistry through its metabolic activity, could buffer the negative effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms and could, thus, represent a tool against climate-driven loss of biodiversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Ravaglioli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, CoNISMa, via Derna 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - L De Marchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università of Pisa, Via Livornese (lato monte) - 56122 San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy.
| | - J Giannessi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università of Pisa, Via Livornese (lato monte) - 56122 San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy.
| | - C Pretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università of Pisa, Via Livornese (lato monte) - 56122 San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Viale N.Sauro 4, 57128 Livorno, Italy.
| | - F Bulleri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, CoNISMa, via Derna 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Centro interdipartimentale di Ricerca per lo Studio degli Effetti del Cambiamento Climatico (CIRSEC), Università di Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chai G, Li J, Li Z. The interactive effects of ocean acidification and warming on bioeroding sponge Spheciospongia vesparium microbiome indicated by metatranscriptomics. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127542. [PMID: 37979302 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change will cause coral reefs decline and is expected to increase the reef erosion potential of bioeroding sponges. Microbial symbionts are essential for the overall fitness and survival of sponge holobionts in changing ocean environments. However, we rarely know about the impacts of ocean warming and acidification on bioeroding sponge microbiome. Here, the structural and functional changes of the bioeroding sponge Spheciospongia vesparium microbiome, as well as its recovery potential, were investigated at the RNA level in a laboratory system simulating 32 °C and pH 7.7. Based on metatranscriptome analysis, acidification showed no significant impact, while warming or simultaneous warming and acidification disrupted the sponge microbiome. Warming caused microbial dysbiosis and recruited potentially opportunistic and pathogenic members of Nesiotobacter, Oceanospirillaceae, Deltaproteobacteria, Epsilonproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Moreover, warming disrupted nutrient exchange and molecular interactions in the sponge holobiont, accompanied by stimulation of virulence activity and anaerobic metabolism including denitrification and dissimilatory reduction of nitrate and sulfate to promote sponge necrosis. Particularly, the interaction between acidification and warming alleviated the negative effects of warming and enhanced the Rhodobacteraceae-driven ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway and sulfur-oxidizing multienzyme system. The microbiome could not recover during the experiment period after warming or combined stress was removed. This study suggests that warming or combined warming and acidification will irreversibly destabilize the S. vesparium microbial community structure and function, and provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of the interactive effects of acidification and warming on the sponge microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangjun Chai
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Teixidó N, Carlot J, Alliouane S, Ballesteros E, De Vittor C, Gambi MC, Gattuso JP, Kroeker K, Micheli F, Mirasole A, Parravacini V, Villéger S. Functional changes across marine habitats due to ocean acidification. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17105. [PMID: 38273554 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Global environmental change drives diversity loss and shifts in community structure. A key challenge is to better understand the impacts on ecosystem function and to connect species and trait diversity of assemblages with ecosystem properties that are in turn linked to ecosystem functioning. Here we quantify shifts in species composition and trait diversity associated with ocean acidification (OA) by using field measurements at marine CO2 vent systems spanning four reef habitats across different depths in a temperate coastal ecosystem. We find that both species and trait diversity decreased, and that ecosystem properties (understood as the interplay between species, traits, and ecosystem function) shifted with acidification. Furthermore, shifts in trait categories such as autotrophs, filter feeders, herbivores, and habitat-forming species were habitat-specific, indicating that OA may produce divergent responses across habitats and depths. Combined, these findings reveal the importance of connecting species and trait diversity of marine benthic habitats with key ecosystem properties to anticipate the impacts of global environmental change. Our results also generate new insights on the predicted general and habitat-specific ecological consequences of OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Teixidó
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Ischia Marine Center, Naples, Italy
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Jérémy Carlot
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Samir Alliouane
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | | | - Cinzia De Vittor
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics-OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Gattuso
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
- Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, Sciences Po, Paris, France
| | - Kristy Kroeker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Fiorenza Micheli
- Oceans Department, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California, USA
- Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Pacific Grove, California, USA
| | - Alice Mirasole
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Ischia Marine Center, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeriano Parravacini
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
| | - Sébastien Villéger
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS-IRD-IFREMER-UM, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang T, Wang X, Zhang Q, Li K, Yang D, Zhang X, Liu H, Wang Q, Dong Z, Yuan X, Zhao J. Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis induced by multiple antibiotics residues and ocean acidification in hemocytes of scallop Argopecten irradians irradians: An interactionist perspective. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 269:115806. [PMID: 38091672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotics in seawater across global coastal areas, coupled with the ocean acidification induced by climate change, present a multifaceted challenge to marine ecosystems, particularly impacting the key physiological processes of marine organisms. Apoptosis is a critical adaptive response essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and defending against environmental threats. In this study, bay scallops Argopecten irradians irradians were exposed to multiple antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, norfloxacin, and erythromycin, each at a concentration of 1 μg/L) combined with/without acidic seawater (pH 7.6) for 35 days. The single and interactive effects of the two stressors on apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms in hemocytes of A. irradians irradians were determined through flow cytometry analysis, comet assay, oxidative stress biomarkers analysis, and transcriptome analysis. Results showed that apoptosis could be triggered by either AM exposure or OA exposure, but through different pathways. Exposure to AM leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage, which in turn triggers apoptosis via a series of cellular events in both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Conversely, while OA exposure similarly induced apoptosis, its effects are comparatively subdued and are predominantly mediated through the intrinsic pathway. Additionally, the synergistic effects of AM and OA exposure induced pronounced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damages in the hemocytes of A. irradians irradians. Despite the evident cellular distress and the potential initiation of apoptotic pathways, the actual execution of apoptosis appears to be restrained, which might be attributed to an energy deficit within the hemocytes. Our findings underscore the constrained tolerance capacity of A. irradians irradians when faced with multiple environmental stressors, and shed light on the ecotoxicity of antibiotic pollution in the ocean under prospective climate change scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Zhijun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Xiutang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264117, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Benítez S, Lagos NA, Duarte C, Cid MJ, Navarro JM. Effects of ocean acidification and warming on physiological and behavioural responses of an herbivore snail to waterborne predator cues. Environ Pollut 2024; 340:122798. [PMID: 37879553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Ocean Acidification (OA) and Ocean Warming (OW) represent major climate stressors that may disrupt species interactions. However, despite the knowledge about the impacts of OA and OW on the performance of individual species, it is still unclear how biological interactions can be modified by the combined effects of these stressors. Consequently, in this study, we assess the effects of changes in temperature (12 °C and 20 °C) and pCO2 (500 and 1600 μatm) levels in seawater, along with the presence/absence of waterborne cues from the predator crab Homalaspis plana on the physiological and behavioural performance of the snail Tegula atra. Snail consumption rate was positively affected by OW and negatively by predator cues whereas absorption efficiency (AE) was positively affected by OW without interactions among these stressors. Oxygen uptake of snails reared in OW conditions was greater than those in control conditions, but only at control pCO2 levels. When pCO2 level was also raised, the positive effect of warmer temperature on oxygen uptake was reduced. While biomass was negatively affected by OW, OA and predator cues, without interactions. In the presence of predator cues the self-righting times of snails were significantly slower in individuals reared at OW conditions. Additionally, OA and OW conditions do not affect the prey hunting, efficiency (consumption) and preference, and claw strength of the predatory crab. These results indicate that OA and OW affect physiological and behavioral traits of snails but no the predatory behavior of crab. This environmentally-induced decoupling of co-evolutionary predator-prey dynamics may have important consequences on the structure and stability of coastal communities and ecosystems under the influence of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Benítez
- Instituto Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile.
| | - N A Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile; Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera, (SECOS), Santiago, Chile
| | - C Duarte
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - M José Cid
- Instituto Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J M Navarro
- Instituto Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP de Investigación Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang Z, Pan K, Liu H. Survival of Nutrient-Starved Diatoms Under Ocean Acidification: Perspective from Nutrient Sensing, Cadmium Detection, and Nitrogen Assimilation. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2023; 112:21. [PMID: 38150047 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Increased anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) have resulted in ocean acidification (OA) that is intertwined with enhanced ocean stratification. Diatoms are assumed to suffer from a more nutrient-limited condition in the future ocean. This study aimed to explore how OA affects the diatom dynamics under nutrient-poor conditions and the ability of diatoms to perceive nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, and trace metals) and cadmium (Cd) stimuli and assimilate nitrogen when receiving nutrients or Cd supplementation. Our study observed that diatom population grown under OA condition declined faster than those grown under ambient condition. Ocean acidification greatly lower intracellular Ca2+ concentration in diatom cells. Intracellular Ca2+ burst was involved in phosphorus accumulation but not in nitrogen, silicon, essential metals, and cadmium uptake. Our data demonstrate slower NO3- assimilation rates of diatoms grown in acidified seawater. Our study also indicates that diatoms have a poor perception of phosphorus availability under OA condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ke Pan
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chukwuka AV, Omogbemi ED, Adeogun AO. Habitat sensitivity in the West African coastal area: inferences and implications for regional adaptations to climate change and ocean acidification. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 196:79. [PMID: 38141112 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on assessing coastal vulnerability and habitat sensitivity along the West African coast by delineating hotspots based on surface temperature, pH, chlorophyll-a, particulate organic carbon, and carbonate concentrations between 2018 and 2023 depending on data availability. Initial exploration of these variables revealed two distinct focal points i.e., the Togo-Nigerian coastal stretch and the stretch from Sierra Leone to Mauritania. Lower pH trends (acidification) in surface waters were observed off the West African coast, particularly in areas around the south-south Niger Delta in Nigeria and the coastal regions of Guinea and Guinea Bissau. Sea surface temperature analysis revealed highest temperatures (27-30°C) within Nigeria to Guinea coastal stretch, intermediate temperatures (24-27°C) within the Guinea Bissau and Senegal coastal stretch, and the lowest temperatures off the coast of Mauritania. Furthermore, correlation analysis between sea surface temperature and calcite concentration in the Mauritania-Senegal hotspot, as well as between overland runoff and particulate organic carbon in the Togo-Nigeria hotspot, revealed strong positive associations (r>0.60) and considerable predictive variability (R2 ≈ 0.40). From the habitat sensitivity analysis, certain regions, including Cape Verde, Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sierra Leone, exhibited high sensitivity due to environmental challenges and strong human dependence on coastal resources. Conversely, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, and Togo displayed lower sensitivity, influenced by geographical-related factors (e.g. coastal layout, topography, etc.) and current levels of economic development (relatively lower industrialization levels). Regional pH variations in West African coastal waters have profound implications for ecosystems, fisheries, and communities. Addressing these challenges requires collaborative regional policies to safeguard shared marine resources. These findings underscore the link between ecosystem health, socioeconomics, and the need for integrated coastal management and ongoing research to support effective conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azubuike Victor Chukwuka
- Environmental Quality Control Department, National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Osogbo, Nigeria.
| | - Emmanuel Dami Omogbemi
- Ecology and Environmental Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Aina O Adeogun
- Hydrobiology and Fisheries Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Athulya PA, Sunil Z, Manzo S, Chandrasekaran N. Prepared microplastics interaction with Artemia salina under low pH conditions representing ocean acidification; a simulated environmental exposure. J Environ Manage 2023; 348:119367. [PMID: 37871546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification and microplastic pollution are two of the major ecological concerns. The distribution of large quantities of plastic debris and microplastics all across the oceans emphasises the need to determine the influence of microplastics in ocean acidification and to evaluate its concomitant toxicological effects on aquatic life forms. Studies on the combined impact of both the stressors are very limited, but much needed in the current scenario. Where most of the present-day research use purchased microplastics of defined size and morphology (microspheres, fibres, rods, etc.), the present study employs prepared "true to life microplastics" that resemble the environmental microplastic pollutants in morphology and size heterogeneity. The present study focusses on evaluating the fate and impact of oceanic microplastics on the physiology and development of Artemia salina (Brine shrimp), one among the most ecologically significant zooplankton species. Natural sea water was acidified by controlled perturbation of carbon dioxide using a valve system. The hatching rate of A. salina cysts receded significantly (p < 0.05) upon singular exposures to microplastics and low pH (7.80), whereas combined effect was insignificant. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevated as a result of individual exposures to microplastics and low pH. However, only in 0.5 mg mL-1 PE treatments at pH 7.80, an additive impact was reported for ROS activity (p < 0.05). The SOD activities increased significantly but it can be attributed as the individual responses towards exposure to both the stressors. A significant additive impact was not observed for SOD activity (p > 0.05). But during the development, significant morphological anomalies were observed. Changes in the appendages of nauplii and juveniles as a result of combined exposure to microplastics and low pH treatments are significant findings. Our observations suggest that coupled exposure to microplastics and low pH could induce significant oxidative stress in the marine zooplanktons and also adversely affect their normal development. Findings from the current study emphasise the need for further research to understand the coupled toxicological impacts of ocean acidification and predominant pollutants such as microplastics to other marine animals as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachariah Sunil
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Sonia Manzo
- ENEA Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Centro Ricerche Portici, 800055, Portici, Italy
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Thangal SH, Nandhini Priya R, Vasuki C, Gayathri V, Anandhan K, Yogeshwaran A, Muralisankar T, Ramesh M, Rajaram R, Santhanam P, Venmathi Maran BA. The impact of ocean acidification and cadmium toxicity in the marine crab Scylla serrata: Biological indices and oxidative stress responses. Chemosphere 2023; 345:140447. [PMID: 37858766 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) and heavy metal pollution in marine environments are potentially threatening marine life. The interactive effect of OA and heavy metals could be more vulnerable to marine organisms than individual exposures. In the current study, the effect of OA on the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) in the crab Scylla serrata was evaluated. Crab instars (0.07 cm length and 0.1 g weight) were subjected to pH 8.2, 7.8, 7.6, 7.4, 7.2, and 7.0 with and without 0.01 mg l-1 of Cd for 60 days. We noticed a significant decrease in growth, molting, protein, carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid, alkaline phosphatase, and haemocytes of crabs under OA + Cd compared to OA treatment. In contrast, the growth, protein, amino acid, and haemocyte levels were significantly affected by OA, Cd, and its interactions (OA + Cd). However, superoxide dismutase, catalase, lipid peroxidation, glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamic pyruvate transaminase, and accumulation of Cd in crabs were considerably elevated in OA + Cd treatments compared to OA alone treatments. The present investigation showed that the effect of Cd toxicity might be raised under OA on S. serrata. Our study demonstrated that OA significantly affects the biological indices and oxidative stress responses of S. serrata exposed to Cd toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Said Hamid Thangal
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | | | - Velusamy Gayathri
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Krishnan Anandhan
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Arumugam Yogeshwaran
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Mathan Ramesh
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajendran Rajaram
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Perumal Santhanam
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran
- Institute of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Caillon C, Pernet F, Lutier M, Di Poi C. Differential reaction norms to ocean acidification in two oyster species from contrasting habitats. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb246432. [PMID: 37942639 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA), a consequence of the increase in anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide, causes major changes in the chemistry of carbonates in the ocean with deleterious effects on calcifying organisms. The pH/PCO2 range to which species are exposed in nature is important to consider when interpreting the response of coastal organisms to OA. In this context, emerging approaches, which assess the reaction norms of organisms to a wide pH gradient, are improving our understanding of tolerance thresholds and acclimation potential to OA. In this study, we deciphered the reaction norms of two oyster species living in contrasting habitats: the intertidal oyster Crassostrea gigas and the subtidal flat oyster Ostrea edulis, which are two economically and ecologically valuable species in temperate ecosystems. Six-month-old oysters of each species were exposed in common garden tanks for 48 days to a pH gradient ranging from 7.7 to 6.4 (total scale). Both species were tolerant down to a pH of 6.6 with high plasticity in fitness-related traits such as survival and growth. However, oysters underwent remodelling of membrane fatty acids to cope with decreasing pH along with shell bleaching impairing shell integrity and consequently animal fitness. Finally, our work revealed species-specific physiological responses and highlights that intertidal C. gigas seem to have a better acclimation potential to rapid and extreme OA changes than O. edulis. Overall, our study provides important data about the phenotypic plasticity and its limits in two oyster species, which is essential for assessing the challenges posed to marine organisms by OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Coline Caillon
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, UMR 6539 LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Fabrice Pernet
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, UMR 6539 LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Mathieu Lutier
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, UMR 6539 LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Carole Di Poi
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, UMR 6539 LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Guo C, Li L, Lin S, Lin X. Species-dependent effects of seawater acidification on alkaline phosphatase activity in dinoflagellates. J Phycol 2023; 59:1347-1352. [PMID: 37844083 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Increases of atmospheric CO2 cause ocean acidification (OA) and global warming, the latter of which can stratify the water column and impede nutrient supply from deep water. Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for phytoplankton to grow. While dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) is the preferred form of P, phytoplankton have evolved alkaline phosphatase (AP) to utilize dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) when DIP is deficient. Although the function of AP is known to require pH > 7, how OA affects AP activity and hence the capacity of phytoplankton to utilize DOP is poorly understood. Here, we examined the effects of pH conditions (5.5-11) on AP activity from six species of dinoflagellates, an important group of marine phytoplankton. We observed a general pattern that AP activity declined sharply at pH 5.5, peaked between pH 7 and 8, and dropped at pH > 8. However, our data revealed remarkable interspecific variations in optimal pH and niche breadth of pH. Among the species examined, Fugacium kawagutii and Prorocentrum cordatum had an optimal pH at 8, and Alexandrium pacificum, Amphidinium carterae, Effrenium voratum, and Karenia mikimotoi showed an optimal pH of 7. However, whereas A. pacificum and K. mikimotoi had the broadest pH niche for AP (7-10) and F. kawagutii the second (8-10), Am. carterae, E. voratum, and P. cordatum exhibited a narrow pH range. The response of Am. carterae AP to pH changes was verified using purified AP heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. These results in concert suggest OA will likely differentially impact the capacity of different phytoplankton species to utilize DOP in the projected more acidified and nutrient-limited future ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chentao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Senjie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tomasetti SJ, Doall MH, Hallinan BD, Kraemer JR, Gobler CJ. Oyster reefs' control of carbonate chemistry-Implications for oyster reef restoration in estuaries subject to coastal ocean acidification. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:6572-6590. [PMID: 37777480 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Globally, oyster reef restoration is one of the most widely applied coastal restoration interventions. While reefs are focal points of processes tightly linked to the carbonate system such as shell formation and respiration, how these processes alter reef carbonate chemistry relative to the surrounding seawater is unclear. Moreover, coastal systems are increasingly impacted by coastal acidification, which may affect reef carbonate chemistry. Here, we characterized the growth of multiple constructed reefs as well as summer variations in pH and carbonate chemistry of reef-influenced seawater (in the middle of reefs) and ambient seawater (at locations ~50 m outside of reefs) to determine how reef chemistry was altered by the reef community and, in turn, impacts resident oysters. High frequency monitoring across three subtidal constructed reefs revealed reductions of daily mean and minimum pH (by 0.05-0.07 and 0.07-0.12 units, respectively) in seawater overlying reefs relative to ambient seawater (p < .0001). The proportion of pH measurements below 7.5, a threshold shown to negatively impact post-larval oysters, were 1.8×-5.2× higher in reef seawater relative to ambient seawater. Most reef seawater samples (83%) were reduced in total alkalinity relative to ambient seawater samples, suggesting community calcification was a key driver of modified carbonate chemistry. The net metabolic influence of the reef community resulted in reductions of CaCO3 saturation state in 78% of discrete samples, and juvenile oysters placed on reefs exhibited slower shell growth (p < .05) compared to oysters placed outside of reefs. While differences in survival were not detected, reef oysters may benefit from enhanced survival or recruitment at the cost of slowed growth rates. Nevertheless, subtidal restored reef communities modified seawater carbonate chemistry in ways that likely increased oyster vulnerability to acidification, suggesting that carbonate chemistry dynamics warrant consideration when determining site suitability for oyster restoration, particularly under continued climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Tomasetti
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael H Doall
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, New York, USA
| | - Brendan D Hallinan
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Kraemer
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, New York, USA
| | - Christopher J Gobler
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Beck KK, Nierste J, Schmidt-Grieb GM, Lüdtke E, Naab C, Held C, Nehrke G, Steinhoefel G, Laudien J, Richter C, Wall M. Ontogenetic differences in the response of the cold-water coral Caryophyllia huinayensis to ocean acidification, warming and food availability. Sci Total Environ 2023; 900:165565. [PMID: 37495133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Cold-water corals (CWCs) are considered vulnerable to environmental changes. However, previous studies have focused on adult CWCs and mainly investigated the short-term effects of single stressors. So far, the effects of environmental changes on different CWC life stages are unknown, both for single and multiple stressors and over long time periods. Therefore, we conducted a six-month aquarium experiment with three life stages of Caryophyllia huinayensis to study their physiological response (survival, somatic growth, calcification and respiration) to the interactive effects of aragonite saturation (0.8 and 2.5), temperature (11 and 15 °C) and food availability (8 and 87 μg C L-1). The response clearly differed between life stages and measured traits. Elevated temperature and reduced feeding had the greatest effects, pushing the corals to their physiological limits. Highest mortality was observed in adult corals, while calcification rates decreased the most in juveniles. We observed a three-month delay in response, presumably because energy reserves declined, suggesting that short-term experiments overestimate coral resilience. Elevated summer temperatures and reduced food supply are likely to have the greatest impact on live CWCs in the future, leading to reduced coral growth and population shifts due to delayed juvenile maturation and high adult mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina K Beck
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Jan Nierste
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Esther Lüdtke
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Christoph Naab
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Held
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Gernot Nehrke
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Grit Steinhoefel
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jürgen Laudien
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Claudio Richter
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marlene Wall
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany; GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Page HN, McCoy S, Spencer RGM, Burnham KA, Hewett C, Johnson M. Effects of ocean acidification on growth and photophysiology of two tropical reef macroalgae. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286661. [PMID: 37976304 PMCID: PMC10655979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae can modify coral reef community structure and ecosystem function through a variety of mechanisms, including mediation of biogeochemistry through photosynthesis and the associated production of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Ocean acidification has the potential to fuel macroalgal growth and photosynthesis and alter DOC production, but responses across taxa and regions are widely varied and difficult to predict. Focusing on algal taxa from two different functional groups on Caribbean coral reefs, we exposed fleshy (Dictyota spp.) and calcifying (Halimeda tuna) macroalgae to ambient and low seawater pH for 25 days in an outdoor experimental system in the Florida Keys. We quantified algal growth, calcification, photophysiology, and DOC production across pH treatments. We observed no significant differences in the growth or photophysiology of either species between treatments, except for lower chlorophyll b concentrations in Dictyota spp. in response to low pH. We were unable to quantify changes in DOC production. The tolerance of Dictyota and Halimeda to near-future seawater carbonate chemistry and stability of photophysiology, suggests that acidification alone is unlikely to change biogeochemical processes associated with algal photosynthesis in these species. Additional research is needed to fully understand how taxa from these functional groups sourced from a wide range of environmental conditions regulate photosynthesis (via carbon uptake strategies) and how this impacts their DOC production. Understanding these species-specific responses to future acidification will allow us to more accurately model and predict the indirect impacts of macroalgae on coral health and reef ecosystem processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather N. Page
- Elizabeth Moore International Center for Coral Reef Research and Restoration, Mote Marine Laboratory, Summerland Key, FL, United States of America
- Sea Education Association, Woods Hole, MA, United States of America
| | - Sophie McCoy
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | | | - Katherine A. Burnham
- Elizabeth Moore International Center for Coral Reef Research and Restoration, Mote Marine Laboratory, Summerland Key, FL, United States of America
| | - Clay Hewett
- Elizabeth Moore International Center for Coral Reef Research and Restoration, Mote Marine Laboratory, Summerland Key, FL, United States of America
- Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, Fl, United States of America
| | - Maggie Johnson
- Smithsonian Marine Station, Fort Pierce, FL, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pfister CA, Cardini U, Mirasole A, Montilla LM, Veseli I, Gattuso JP, Teixido N. Microbial associates of an endemic Mediterranean seagrass enhance the access of the host and the surrounding seawater to inorganic nitrogen under ocean acidification. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19996. [PMID: 37968499 PMCID: PMC10651887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Seagrasses are important primary producers in oceans worldwide. They live in shallow coastal waters that are experiencing carbon dioxide enrichment and ocean acidification. Posidonia oceanica, an endemic seagrass species that dominates the Mediterranean Sea, achieves high abundances in seawater with relatively low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Here we tested whether microbial metabolisms associated with P. oceanica and surrounding seawater enhance seagrass access to nitrogen. Using stable isotope enrichments of intact seagrass with amino acids, we showed that ammonification by free-living and seagrass-associated microbes produce ammonium that is likely used by seagrass and surrounding particulate organic matter. Metagenomic analysis of the epiphytic biofilm on the blades and rhizomes support the ubiquity of microbial ammonification genes in this system. Further, we leveraged the presence of natural carbon dioxide vents and show that the presence of P. oceanica enhanced the uptake of nitrogen by water column particulate organic matter, increasing carbon fixation by a factor of 8.6-17.4 with the greatest effect at CO2 vent sites. However, microbial ammonification was reduced at lower pH, suggesting that future ocean climate change will compromise this microbial process. Thus, the seagrass holobiont enhances water column productivity, even in the context of ocean acidification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Pfister
- The Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ulisse Cardini
- Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Alice Mirasole
- Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Luis M Montilla
- Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Iva Veseli
- Biophysical Sciences Program, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Gattuso
- CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, 181 Chemin du Lazaret, 06230, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
- Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, Sciences Po, 27 Rue Saint Guillaume, 75007, Paris, France
| | - Nuria Teixido
- Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
- CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Université, 181 Chemin du Lazaret, 06230, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tilstra A, Braxator L, Thobor B, Mezger SD, Hill CEL, El-Khaled YC, Caporale G, Kim S, Wild C. Short-term ocean acidification decreases pulsation and growth of the widespread soft coral Xenia umbellata. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294470. [PMID: 37967066 PMCID: PMC10651030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coral reefs may experience lower pH values as a result of ocean acidification (OA), which has negative consequences, particularly for calcifying organisms. Thus far, the effects of this global factor have been mainly investigated on hard corals, while the effects on soft corals remain relatively understudied. We therefore carried out a manipulative aquarium experiment for 21 days to study the response of the widespread pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata to simulated OA conditions. We gradually decreased the pH from ambient (~8.3) to three consecutive 7-day long pH treatments of 8.0, 7.8, and 7.6, using a CO2 dosing system. Monitored response variables included pulsation rate, specific growth rate, visual coloration, survival, Symbiodiniaceae cell densities and chlorophyll a content, photosynthesis and respiration, and finally stable isotopes of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) as well as CN content. Pulsation decreased compared to controls with each consecutive lowering of the pH, i.e., 17% at pH 8.0, 26% at pH 7.8 and 32% at pH 7.6, accompanied by an initial decrease in growth rates of ~60% at pH 8.0, not decreasing further at lower pH. An 8.3 ‰ decrease of δ13C confirmed that OA exposed colonies had a higher uptake and availability of atmospheric CO2. Coral productivity, i.e., photosynthesis, was not affected by higher dissolved inorganic C availability and none of the remaining response variables showed any significant differences. Our findings suggest that pulsation is a phenotypically plastic mechanism for X. umbellata to adjust to different pH values, resulting in reduced growth rates only, while maintaining high productivity. Consequently, pulsation may allow X. umbellata to inhabit a broad pH range with minimal effects on its overall health. This resilience may contribute to the competitive advantage that soft corals, particularly X. umbellata, have over hard corals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arjen Tilstra
- Department of Marine Ecology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lorena Braxator
- Department of Marine Ecology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Bianca Thobor
- Department of Marine Ecology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Selma D. Mezger
- Department of Marine Ecology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Giulia Caporale
- Department of Marine Ecology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sohyoung Kim
- Department of Marine Ecology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christian Wild
- Department of Marine Ecology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Xu H, Liu H, Chen F, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Ma J, Pan K, Liu H. Ocean acidification affects physiology of coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and weakens its mechanical resistance to copepods. Mar Environ Res 2023; 192:106232. [PMID: 37866975 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ocean acidification (OA) on coccolithophore's photosynthesis, calcification rates, and growth have been extensively studied. However, how the intracellular Ca2+, mechanical properties and chemical composition of the coccoliths are affected by OA have not yet been investigated. This study tries to fill these gaps using Emiliania huxleyi as a model coccolithophore. When the seawater pCO2 increased from 400 μatm to 1200 μatm, the intracellular Ca2+ and coccolith area were reduced by 66% and 36%, respectively. Single-cell mapping by atomic force microscopy revealed that the modulus and hardness of coccolith decreased from 23.6 ± 0.2 GPa to 12.0 ± 5.5 GPa and from 0.53 ± 0.15 GPa to 0.20 ± 0.06 GPa, respectively. Additionally, the proportional organic matter and silicon in the coccolith surfaces increased with pCO2. The copepods Acartia pacifica fed on more E. huxleyi grown at higher pCO2. Our study implies that OA could change coccolithophore's competitive interactions with other phytoplankton and ultimately influence carbon export to the deep ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huo Xu
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haijiao Liu
- Research Centre for Indian Ocean Ecosystem, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Pan
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|