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Zhang F, Tang C, Zhu Y, Wang Q, Huang X, Yang C, He C, Zuo Z. Long-term exposure to aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist neburon induces reproductive toxicity in male zebrafish (Danio rerio). J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 142:193-203. [PMID: 38527884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Neburon is a phenylurea herbicide that is widely used worldwide, but its toxicity is poorly studied. In our previous study, we found that neburon has strong aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist activity, but whether it causes reproductive toxicity is not clear. In the present study, zebrafish were conducted as a model organism to evaluate whether environmental concentrations of neburon (0.1, 1 and 10 µg/L) induce reproductive disorder in males. After exposure to neburon for 150 days from embryo to adult, that the average spawning egg number in high concentration group was 106.40, which was significantly lower than 193.00 in control group. This result was mainly due to the abnormal male reproductive behavior caused by abnormal transcription of genes associated with reproductive behavior in the brain, such as secretogranin-2a. The proportions of spermatozoa in the medium and high concentration groups were 82.40% and 83.84%, respectively, which were significantly lower than 89.45% in control group. This result was mainly caused by hormonal disturbances and an increased proportion of apoptotic cells. The hormonal disruption was due to the significant changes in the transcription levels of key genes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis following neburon treatment. Neburon treatment also significantly activated the AhR signaling pathway, causing oxidative stress damage and eventually leading to a significant increase in apoptosis in the exposed group. Together, these data filled the currently more vacant profile of neburon toxicity and might provide information to assess the ecotoxicity of neburon on male reproduction at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chen Tang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chengyong He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Han X, Wang W, Wang R, Zhang W, Zhu L, Xu Q, Guo W, Gu Y. Allosteric SHP2 inhibition enhances regorafenib's effectiveness in colorectal cancer treatment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149812. [PMID: 38564942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally. Regorafenib, a multi-target kinase inhibitor, has been approved for treating metastatic colorectal cancer patients who have undergone at least two prior standard anti-cancer therapies. However, regorafenib efficacy as a single agent remains suboptimal. A promising target at the crossroads of multiple signaling pathways is the Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP2). However, a combination approach using SHP2 inhibitors (SHP099) and anti-angiogenic drugs (Regorafenib) has not been reported in current research. In this study, we conducted in vitro experiments combining SHP099 and regorafenib and established an MC-38 colon cancer allograft mouse model. Our results revealed that co-treatment with SHP099 and regorafenib significantly inhibited cell viability and altered the biological characteristics of tumor cells compared with treatment alone in vitro. Furthermore, the combination strategy demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy compared to monotherapy with either drug. This was evidenced by reduced tumor size, decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, normalized tumor microvasculature, and improved antitumor immune response in vivo. These findings suggest that the combination of an SHP2 inhibitor and regorafenib is a promising therapeutic approach for patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weicheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Holley CL, Emming S, Monteleone MM, Mellacheruvu M, Kenney KM, Lawrence GMEP, Coombs JR, Burgener SS, Schroder K. The septin modifier, forchlorfenuron, activates NLRP3 via a potassium-independent mitochondrial axis. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:962-972.e4. [PMID: 38759620 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is activated by stimuli that induce perturbations in cell homeostasis, which commonly converge on cellular potassium efflux. NLRP3 has thus emerged as a sensor for ionic flux. Here, we identify forchlorfenuron (FCF) as an inflammasome activator that triggers NLRP3 signaling independently of potassium efflux. FCF triggers the rearrangement of septins, key cytoskeletal proteins that regulate mitochondrial function. We report that FCF triggered the rearrangement of SEPT2 into tubular aggregates and stimulated SEPT2-independent NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Similar to imiquimod, FCF induced the collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial respiration. FCF thereby joins the imidazoquinolines as a structurally distinct class of molecules that triggers NLRP3 inflammasome signaling independent of potassium efflux, likely by inducing mitochondrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline L Holley
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Stefan Emming
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mercedes M Monteleone
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Manasa Mellacheruvu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kirsten M Kenney
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Grace M E P Lawrence
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jared R Coombs
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sabrina S Burgener
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kate Schroder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Hedayat S, Cascione L, Cunningham D, Schirripa M, Lampis A, Hahne JC, Tunariu N, Hong SP, Marchetti S, Khan K, Fontana E, Angerilli V, Delrieux M, Nava Rodrigues D, Procaccio L, Rao S, Watkins D, Starling N, Chau I, Braconi C, Fotiadis N, Begum R, Guppy N, Howell L, Valenti M, Cribbes S, Kolozsvari B, Kirkin V, Lonardi S, Ghidini M, Passalacqua R, Elghadi R, Magnani L, Pinato DJ, Di Maggio F, Ghelardi F, Sottotetti E, Vetere G, Ciracì P, Vlachogiannis G, Pietrantonio F, Cremolini C, Cortellini A, Loupakis F, Fassan M, Valeri N. Circulating microRNA Analysis in a Prospective Co-clinical Trial Identifies MIR652-3p as a Response Biomarker and Driver of Regorafenib Resistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2140-2159. [PMID: 38376926 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The multi-kinase inhibitor (mKi) regorafenib has demonstrated efficacy in chemorefractory patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, lack of predictive biomarkers and concerns over significant toxicities hamper the use of regorafenib in clinical practice. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Serial liquid biopsies were obtained at baseline and monthly until disease progression in chemorefractory patients with mCRC treated with regorafenib in a phase II clinical trial (PROSPECT-R n = 40; NCT03010722) and in a multicentric validation cohort (n = 241). Tissue biopsies collected at baseline, after 2 months and at progression in the PROSPECT-R trial were used to establish patient-derived organoids (PDO) and for molecular analyses. MicroRNA profiling was performed on baseline bloods using the NanoString nCounter platform and results were validated by digital-droplet PCR and/or ISH in paired liquid and tissue biopsies. PDOs co-cultures and PDO-xenotransplants were generated for functional analyses. RESULTS Large-scale microRNA expression analysis in longitudinal matched liquid and tissue biopsies from the PROSPECT-R trial identified MIR652-3p as a biomarker of clinical benefit to regorafenib. These findings were confirmed in an independent validation cohort and in a "control" group of 100 patients treated with lonsurf. Using ex vivo co-culture assays paired with single-cell RNA-sequencing of PDO established pre- and post-treatment, we modeled regorafenib response observed in vivo and in patients, and showed that MIR652-3p controls resistance to regorafenib by impairing regorafenib-induced lethal autophagy and by orchestrating the switch from neo-angiogenesis to vessel co-option. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify MIR652-3p as a potential biomarker and as a driver of cell and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms of resistance to regorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaieh Hedayat
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Bioinformatics Core Unit, Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - David Cunningham
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Schirripa
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Lampis
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jens C Hahne
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Tunariu
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Sung Pil Hong
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Marchetti
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Khurum Khan
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Fontana
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Angerilli
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mia Delrieux
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Nava Rodrigues
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Letizia Procaccio
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
| | - Sheela Rao
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - David Watkins
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Naureen Starling
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Chau
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Braconi
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nicos Fotiadis
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruwaida Begum
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Naomy Guppy
- Breast Cancer Now Nina Barough Pathology Core Facility, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Howell
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Valenti
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Vladimir Kirkin
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Raghad Elghadi
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Magnani
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David J Pinato
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Di Maggio
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Francesco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo Ghelardi
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sottotetti
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Vetere
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciracì
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Georgios Vlachogiannis
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Filippo Pietrantonio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cremolini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Cortellini
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Jiang S, Li W, Song M, Liang J, Liu G, Du Q, Wang L, Meng H, Tang L, Yang Y, Zhang B. CXCL1-CXCR2 axis mediates inflammatory response after sciatic nerve injury by regulating macrophage infiltration. Mol Immunol 2024; 169:50-65. [PMID: 38493581 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response following sciatic nerve injury. Studies have demonstrated that C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL) 1 recruit macrophages by binding to C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR) 2 and participates in the inflammatory response of various diseases. Based on these findings, we aimed to explore the role of the CXCL1-CXCR2 axis in the repair process after peripheral nerve injury. Initially, we simulated sciatic nerve injury and observed an increased expression of CXCL1 and CXCR2 in the nerves of the injury group. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that the heightened CXCL1 expression occurs in Schwann cells and is secreted, while the elevated CXCR2 is expressed by recruited macrophages. In addition, in vitro experiments demonstrated that the binding of CXCL1 to CXCR2 can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and promote the production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in macrophages. However, after mice were subjected to sciatic nerve injury, the number of macrophages and the expression of inflammatory factors in the sciatic nerve were reduced following treatment with the CXCR2 inhibitor SB225002. Simultaneously, we evaluated the sciatic nerve function index, the expression of p75 neurotrophic factor receptor (p75NTR), and myelin proteins, and all of these results were improved with the use of SB225002. Thus, our results suggest that after sciatic nerve injury, the CXCL1-CXCR2 axis mediates the inflammatory response by promoting the recruitment and activation of macrophages, which is detrimental to the repair of the injured nerves. In contrast, treatment with SB225002 promotes the repair of injured sciatic nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Meiying Song
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guixian Liu
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiaochu Du
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Luoyang Wang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haining Meng
- School of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
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Üremis N, Türköz Y, Üremiş MM, Çiğremiş Y, Şalva E. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Investigating EGFR-VEGF-mediated apoptotic effect of cucurbitacin D and I combination with sorafenib via Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024; 397:3247. [PMID: 37917368 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02811-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Üremis
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Türköz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Mehdi Üremiş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yılmaz Çiğremiş
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Emine Şalva
- Department of Pharmacy Technology, Pharmacy Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Basso M, Signorelli C, Calegari MA, Lucchetti J, Zurlo IV, Dell'Aquila E, Arrivi G, Zoratto F, Santamaria F, Saltarelli R, Trovato G, Caira G, Angotti L, Schirripa M, Anghelone A, Schietroma F, Chilelli MG, Salvatore L, Pozzo C, Tortora G. Efficacy of Regorafenib and Trifluridine/Tipiracil According to Extended RAS Evaluation in Advanced Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis. Target Oncol 2024; 19:371-382. [PMID: 38613732 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-024-01050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few molecular markers driving treatment selection in later lines of treatment for advanced colorectal cancer patients. The vast majority of patients who progress after first- and second-line therapy undergo chemotherapy regardless of molecular data. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the prognostic and predictive effects of specific RAS mutations on overall survival of patients receiving regorafenib (rego), trifluridine/tipiracil (TFD/TPI), or both. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a retrospective observational study based on data from a previous study of our research network, involving nine Italian institutions over a 10-year timeframe (2012-2022). Extended RAS analysis, involving KRAS exon 2-4 and NRAS exon 2-4, and BRAF were the main criteria for inclusion in this retrospective evaluation. Patients with BRAF mutation were excluded. Patients were classified according to treatment (rego- or TFD/TPI-treated) and RAS mutational status (wild-type [WT], KRAS codon 12 mutations, KRAS codon 13 mutations, KRAS rare mutations and NRAS mutations, KRAS G12C mutation and KRAS G12D mutation). RESULTS Overall, 582 patients were included in the present analysis. Overall survival did not significantly differ in rego-treated patients according to RAS extended analysis, although a trend toward a better median survival in patients carrying G12D mutation (12.0 months), Codon 13 mutation (8.0 months), and Codon 12 mutation (7.0 months) has been observed, when compared with WT patients (6.0 months). Overall survival did not significantly differ in TFD/TPI-treated patients according to RAS extended analysis, although a trend toward a better median survival in WT patients had been observed (9.0 months) in comparison with the entire population (7.0 months). Patients receiving both drugs displayed a longer survival when compared with the population of patients receiving rego alone (p = 0.005) as well as the population receiving TFD/TPI alone (p < 0.001), suggesting a group enriched for favorable prognostic factors. However, when each group was analyzed separately, the addition of TFD/TPI therapy to the rego-treated group improved survival only in all-RAS WT patients (p = 0.003). Differently, the addition of rego therapy to TFD/TPI-treated patients significantly improved OS in the Codon 12 group (p = 0.0004), G12D group (p = 0.003), and the rare mutations group (p = 0.02), in addition to all-RAS WT patients (p = 0.002). The rego-TFD/TPI sequence, compared with the reverse sequence, significantly improved OS only in the KRAS codon 12 group (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that RAS mutations do not affect outcome in rego-treated patients as well as TFD/TPI-treated patients. Nevertheless, a trend toward a higher efficacy of rego in RAS-mutated (in particular codon 12, rare RAS mutations, and G12D) patients has been recorded. The rego-TFD/TPI sequence seems to be superior to the reverse sequence in patients carrying an RAS codon 12 mutation, although the impact of other factors as disease burden or performance status cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Basso
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A Gemelli" - IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli n 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Belcolle Hospital, ASL Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Calegari
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A Gemelli" - IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli n 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Lucchetti
- Operative Research Unit of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulia Arrivi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Oncology Unit, Sant' Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fiorenza Santamaria
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Saltarelli
- UOC Oncology, San Giovanni Evangelista Hospital, ASL RM5, Tivoli, RM, Italy
| | - Giovanni Trovato
- Medical Oncology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Caira
- Medical Oncology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Angotti
- Operative Research Unit of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Schirripa
- Medical Oncology Unit, Belcolle Hospital, ASL Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Lisa Salvatore
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A Gemelli" - IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli n 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelo Pozzo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A Gemelli" - IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli n 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A Gemelli" - IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli n 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Pan Y, You B, Zhao X, Zhang S, Li W. CHOP regulated by METTL14-m6A affects cell cycle arrest and regorafenib sensitivity in HCC cells. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:525. [PMID: 38664644 PMCID: PMC11046807 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12275-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regorafenib, a multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, has been used in the treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism of Regorafenib in HCC. METHODS Regorafenib's impact on the sensitivity of HCC cells was assessed using CCK8. Differential gene expression analysis was performed by conducting mRNA sequencing after treatment with Regorafenib. The m6A methylation status of CHOP and differential expression of m6A methylation-related proteins were assessed by RIP and Western Blot. To explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic effects of Regorafenib in HCC and the impact of METTL14 and CHOP on Regorafenib treatment, we employed shRNA/overexpression approaches to transfect METTL14 and CHOP genes, as well as conducted in vivo experiments. RESULTS Treatment with Regorafenib led to a notable decrease in viability and proliferation of SK-Hep-1 and HCC-LM3 cells. The expression level of CHOP was upregulated after Regorafenib intervention, and CHOP underwent m6A methylation. Among the m6A methylation-related proteins, METTL14 exhibited the most significant downregulation. Mechanistic studies revealed that Regorafenib regulated the cell cycle arrest in HCC through METTL14-mediated modulation of CHOP, and the METTL14/CHOP axis affected the sensitivity of HCC to Regorafenib. In vivo, CHOP enhanced the anticancer effect of Regorafenib. CONCLUSION The inhibition of HCC development by Regorafenib is attributed to its modulation of m6A expression of CHOP, mediated by METTL14, and the METTL14/CHOP axis enhances the sensitivity of HCC to Regorafenib. These findings provide insights into the treatment of HCC and the issue of drug resistance to Regorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Pan
- Department of Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, China
| | - Bo You
- Department of Transplantation, The Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570100, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, China
| | - Shanxin Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 311100, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, China.
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9
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Al-Toubah T, Schell MJ, Morse B, Haider M, Valone T, Strosberg J. Phase II study of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib in advanced well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102386. [PMID: 38507897 PMCID: PMC10966166 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have not been shown to be active in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), with response rates <5%. Lenvatinib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor which binds to vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptors and has demonstrated efficacy in pancreatic and gastrointestinal NETs [44% and 16% objective radiographic response rate (ORR), respectively]. The combination of antiangiogenic and CPI therapies can be synergistic. We therefore evaluated the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab in well-differentiated gastrointestinal (GI) and thoracic NETs. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective, phase II trial evaluated patients with advanced GI/thoracic NETs (pancreatic NETs were excluded due to high response rate of lenvatinib monotherapy in this patient population), with evidence of progression within 8 months of study entry and at least two prior lines of systemic therapy. Patients received lenvatinib 20 mg daily and pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks until unacceptable toxicity or progression of disease. Primary endpoint was objective response rate, and an interim analysis was planned once 20 patients were enrolled. Four ORRs were required to continue enrollment. RESULTS Twenty patients were enrolled on protocol from April 2021 to January 2022 (nine small intestine, five lung, two thymic, two unknown primary, one cecal, one presacral primaries). Two patients (10%) achieved a partial response (atypical lung and small intestinal primaries). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8 months (95% confidence interval 5.8-10.2 months). Twelve (60%) patients experienced probably or definitely associated grade 3 adverse events (10 hypertension). Fourteen patients (70%) required dose reductions or discontinued one of the medications. Two patients discontinued treatment before radiographic assessment. CONCLUSIONS The combination of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib did not show sufficient response in patients with NETs to warrant continued enrollment on trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Al-Toubah
- Department of GI Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, USA
| | - M J Schell
- Department of Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, USA
| | - B Morse
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, USA
| | - M Haider
- Department of GI Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, USA
| | - T Valone
- Department of GI Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, USA
| | - J Strosberg
- Department of GI Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, USA.
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10
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Monogiou Belik D, Bernasconi R, Xu L, Della Verde G, Lorenz V, Grüterich V, Balzarolo M, Mochizuki M, Pfister O, Kuster GM. The Flt3-inhibitor quizartinib augments apoptosis and promotes maladaptive remodeling after myocardial infarction in mice. Apoptosis 2024; 29:357-371. [PMID: 37945814 PMCID: PMC10873224 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) such as quizartinib were specifically designed for acute myeloid leukemia treatment, but also multi-targeting TKIs applied to solid tumor patients inhibit Flt3. Flt3 is expressed in the heart and its activation is cytoprotective in myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. OBJECTIVES We sought to test whether Flt3-targeting TKI treatment aggravates cardiac injury after MI. METHODS AND RESULTS Compared to vehicle, quizartinib (10 mg/kg/day, gavage) did not alter cardiac dimensions or function in healthy mice after four weeks of therapy. Pretreated mice were randomly assigned to MI or sham surgery while receiving quizartinib or vehicle for one more week. Quizartinib did not aggravate the decline in ejection fraction, but significantly enhanced ventricular dilatation one week after infarction. In addition, apoptotic cell death was significantly increased in the myocardium of quizartinib-treated compared to vehicle-treated mice. In vitro, quizartinib dose-dependently decreased cell viability in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and in H9c2 cells, and increased apoptosis as assessed in the latter. Together with H2O2, quizartinib potentiated the phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic mitogen activated protein kinase p38 and augmented H2O2-induced cell death and apoptosis beyond additive degree. Pretreatment with a p38 inhibitor abolished apoptosis under quizartinib and H2O2. CONCLUSION Quizartinib potentiates apoptosis and promotes maladaptive remodeling after MI in mice at least in part via a p38-dependent mechanism. These findings are consistent with the multi-hit hypothesis of cardiotoxicity and make cardiac monitoring in patients with ischemic heart disease under Flt3- or multi-targeting TKIs advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Monogiou Belik
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Bernasconi
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Lifen Xu
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Della Verde
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Vera Lorenz
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Vivienne Grüterich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Melania Balzarolo
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Michika Mochizuki
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Otmar Pfister
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela M Kuster
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, Basel, 4031, Switzerland.
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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11
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Kannaujia R, Prasad V, Pandey V. Ozone-induced oxidative stress alleviation by biogenic silver nanoparticles and ethylenediurea in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) under high ambient ozone. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:26997-27013. [PMID: 38503953 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Ground-level ozone (O3) is the most phytotoxic secondary air pollutant in the atmosphere, severely affecting crop yields worldwide. The role of nanoparticles (NP) in the alleviation of ozone-induced yield losses in crops is not known. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of biogenicB-AgNPs on the mitigation of ozone-induced phytotoxicity in mung bean and compared its results with ethylenediurea (EDU) for the first time. Two mung bean cultivars (Vigna radiata L., Cv. SML-668 and PDM-139) were foliar sprayed with weekly applications of B-AgNPs (0 = control, 10 and 25 ppm) and EDU (0 = control, 200 and 300 ppm) until maturation phase. Morphological, physiological, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic antioxidant data were collected 30 and 60 days after germination (DAG). The mean O3 and AOT40 values (8 h day-1) during the cultivation period were approximately 52 ppb and 4.4 ppm.h, respectively. More biomass was accumulated at the vegetative phase due to the impact of B-AgNPs and EDU, and more photosynthates were transported to the reproductive phase, increasing yield. We observed that the 10 ppm B-AgNPs treatment had a more noticeable impact on yield parameters and lower Ag accumulation in seeds for both cultivars. Specifically, SML-668 cultivar treated with 10 ppm B-AgNPs (SN1) showed greater increases in seed weight plant-1 (124.97%), hundred seed weight (33.45%), and harvest index (37.53%) in comparison to control. Our findings suggest that B-AgNPs can enhance growth, biomass, yield, and seed quality, and can improve mung bean ozone tolerance. Therefore, B-AgNPs may be a promising protectant for mung bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Kannaujia
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, U.P, India
- Molecular Plant Virology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, U.P, India
| | - Vivek Prasad
- Molecular Plant Virology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, U.P, India
| | - Vivek Pandey
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, U.P, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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12
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Caccese M, Desideri I, Villani V, Simonelli M, Buglione M, Chiesa S, Franceschi E, Gaviani P, Stasi I, Caserta C, Brugnara S, Lolli I, Bennicelli E, Bini P, Cuccu AS, Scoccianti S, Padovan M, Gori S, Bonetti A, Giordano P, Pellerino A, Gregucci F, Riva N, Cinieri S, Internò V, Santoni M, Pernice G, Dealis C, Stievano L, Paiar F, Magni G, De Salvo GL, Zagonel V, Lombardi G. REGOMA-OSS: a large, Italian, multicenter, prospective, observational study evaluating the efficacy and safety of regorafenib in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102943. [PMID: 38492275 PMCID: PMC10959650 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the randomized phase II REGOMA trial, regorafenib showed promising activity in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. We conducted a large, multicenter, prospective, observational study to confirm the REGOMA data in a real-world setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS The major inclusion criteria were histologically confirmed diagnosis of glioblastoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 classification and relapse after radiotherapy with concurrent/adjuvant temozolomide treatment, good performance status [Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS 0-1)] and good liver function. Regorafenib was administered at the standard dose of 160 mg/day for 3 weeks on/1 week off. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was carried out within 14 days before starting regorafenib and every 8-12 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate, disease control rate (DCR), safety and health-related quality of life. The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria were used for response evaluation and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5 for assessment of adverse events (AEs). RESULTS From September 2020 to October 2022, 190 patients with recurrent glioblastoma were enrolled from 30 cancer centers in Italy: their median age was 58.5 years [interquartile range (IQR) 53-67 years], 68% were male and 85 (44.7%) were in optimal clinical condition (ECOG PS 0). The number of patients taking steroids at baseline was 113 (60%); the second surgery was carried out in 39 (20.5%). O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was methylated in 80 patients (50.3%) and 147 (92.4%) of the patients analyzed had isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild type. The median follow-up period was 20 months (IQR 15.6-25.5 months). The median OS was 7.9 months ([95% confidence interval (CI) 6.5-9.2 months] and the median PFS was 2.6 months (95% CI 2.3-2.9 months). Radiological response was partial response and stable disease in 13 (7.3%) and 26 (14.6%) patients, respectively, with a DCR of 21.9%. The median number of regorafenib cycles per patient was 3 (IQR 2.0-4.0). Grade 3-4 drug-related adverse events were reported in 22.6% of patients. A dose reduction due to AEs was required in 36% of patients. No deaths were considered as treatment-related AEs. CONCLUSIONS This large, real-world observational study showed similar OS with better tolerability of regorafenib in patients with relapsed glioblastoma compared with the REGOMA study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caccese
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua.
| | - I Desideri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiation Oncology Unit, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence
| | - V Villani
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome
| | - M Simonelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Humanitas Cancer Center, Milan
| | - M Buglione
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia
| | - S Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, U.O.C. Radioterapia Oncologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome
| | - E Franceschi
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna
| | - P Gaviani
- Neuro-Oncological Unit, Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan
| | - I Stasi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Civil Hospital, Livorno
| | - C Caserta
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Terni
| | - S Brugnara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento
| | - I Lolli
- Oncology Unit of National Institute of Gastroenterology 'S. De Bellis', Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari
| | - E Bennicelli
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Oncologia Medica 2, Genoa
| | - P Bini
- Neuroncology Unit, IRCCS 'C. Mondino Foundation', University of Pavia, Pavia
| | - A S Cuccu
- Medical Oncology, Sassari Hospital, Sassari
| | - S Scoccianti
- Radioterapia Oncologica, Ospedale Santa Maria Annunziata, Bagno a Ripoli, Florence
| | - M Padovan
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua
| | - S Gori
- Oncology Department, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella
| | - A Bonetti
- Department of Oncology, Mater Salutis Hospital, Legnago
| | - P Giordano
- Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Naples
| | - A Pellerino
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuroscience, City of Health and Science and University of Turin, Turin
| | - F Gregucci
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miulli General Regional Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti
| | - N Riva
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) 'Dino Amadori', Meldola
| | - S Cinieri
- Oncology Unit, Ospedale Perrino, Brindisi
| | - V Internò
- Division of Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari
| | - M Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Macerata
| | - G Pernice
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalù
| | - C Dealis
- Health Directorate, Azienda Sanitaria dell'Alto Adige, Bolzano
| | - L Stievano
- Department of Oncology, Ospedale Civile, Rovigo
| | - F Paiar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - G Magni
- Clinical Research Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - G L De Salvo
- Clinical Research Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - V Zagonel
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua
| | - G Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua
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13
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Zengin Kurt B, Öztürk Civelek D, Çakmak EB, Kolcuoğlu Y, Şenol H, Sağlık Özkan BN, Dag A, Benkli K. Synthesis of Sorafenib-Ruthenium Complexes, Investigation of Biological Activities and Applications in Drug Delivery Systems as an Anticancer Agent. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4463-4482. [PMID: 38471014 PMCID: PMC10983010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Sorafenib, a multiple kinase inhibitor, is widely used as a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, there is a need for more effective alternatives when sorafenib proves insufficient. In this study, we aimed to design a structure that surpasses sorafenib's efficacy, leading us to synthesize sorafenib-ruthenium complexes for the first time and investigate their properties. Our results indicate that the sorafenib-ruthenium complexes exhibit superior epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition compared to sorafenib alone. Interestingly, among these complexes, Ru3S demonstrated high activity against various cancer cell lines including sorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells while exhibiting significantly lower cytotoxicity than sorafenib in healthy cell lines. Further evaluation of cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and antiangiogenic effects, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics studies revealed that Ru3S holds great potential as a drug candidate. Additionally, when free Ru3S was encapsulated into polymeric micelles M1, enhanced cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells was observed. Collectively, these findings position Ru3S as a promising candidate for EGFR inhibition and warrant further exploration for drug development purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belma Zengin Kurt
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Öztürk Civelek
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Yakup Kolcuoğlu
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, Karadeniz
Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Türkiye
| | - Halil Şenol
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Aydan Dag
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Kadriye Benkli
- Badakbas
Pharmacy, Altintepe str.
Koknarli 6/C, Maltepe, 34840 Istanbul, Türkiye
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14
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Chen L, Wang L, Han Z, Qin P, Niu G, Du J. SKI-349, a Sphingosine Kinases 1/2 Inhibitor, Suppresses Cell Viability, Invasion, and AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway, and Shows Synergistic Cytotoxic Effects with Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2024; 262:173-180. [PMID: 38123304 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2023.j100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
SKI-349 is a novel sphingosine kinases (SPHK) inhibitor with anti-tumor effects. This study aimed to assess the effect of SKI-349 on cell biological behaviors, downstream pathways, and its synergistic effect with sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC cell lines (Huh7 and Hep3B) were treated with SKI-349 at concentrations of 1, 2, 4, or 8 μM. Then, SPHK1/2 activity, cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and protein expressions of phosphorylated-protein kinase B (p-AKT), AKT, phosphorylated-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) and mTOR were detected. Combination index values of SKI-349 (0, 1, 2, 4, or 8 μM) and sorafenib (0, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 μM) were calculated. SKI-349 decreased the relative SPHK1 and SPHK2 activity compared with blank control in a dose-dependent manner in the Huh7 and Hep3B cell lines. Meanwhile, SKI-349 reduced cell viability, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) positive cells, and invasive cells, while it increased apoptotic cells compared to blank control in a dose-dependent manner in Huh7 and Hep3B cell lines. Based on the western blot assay, SKI-349 decreased the ratio of p-AKT to AKT and that of p-mTOR to mTOR compared with blank control in a dose-dependent manner in the Huh7 and Hep3B cell lines. Additionally, SKI-349 combined with sorafenib declined cell viability with concentration gradient effects compared to SKI-349 sole treatment, and they had synergistic cytotoxic effects in Huh7 and Hep3B cell lines. SKI-349 suppresses SPHK1 and SPHK2 activity, cell viability, invasion, and AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, as well as exhibits a synergistic cytotoxic effect with sorafenib in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiao Chen
- Department of Basic Medical, Xingtai Medical College
| | | | - Zongqi Han
- Department of Basic Medical, Xingtai Medical College
| | - Peng Qin
- Department of Vascular Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College
| | - Guangxu Niu
- Department of Pathology, Handan Central Hospital
| | - Jingxia Du
- Department of Basic Medical, Xingtai Medical College
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15
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Wang J, Cai X, Zeng S, Zhang Z, Chi Q, Guo W. Effect of forchlorfenuron and thidiazuron on kiwifruits' internal qualities, optical properties and their relationship during growth. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 308:123749. [PMID: 38113558 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Forchlorfenuron (1-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-3-phenylurea, CPPU) and thidiazuron (N-Phenyl-N'-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea, TDZ) are two widely used plant growth regulators in kiwifruit cultivation. They can promote fruit size, but it is unclear whether they have same effect on internal qualities, optical properties and cell structure of kiwifruit, and whether the kiwifruits treated with CPPU and TDZ can be identified based on optical properties. To answer these questions, the kiwifruits treated with 20 mg/L CPPU and 2 mg/L TDZ solutions were used as samples, and the untreated kiwifruits were used as control to investigate the optical properties (absorption coefficient μa and reduced scattering coefficient μs'), internal qualities (soluble solids content (SSC), firmness and moisture content) and microstructure of pulp tissue during the growth. Moreover, the relationship between the optical properties and internal qualities were analyzed, and the potential for identifying the kiwifruits treated with CPPU and TDZ based on optical properties was evaluated. The results showed that CPPU and TDZ increased the SSC and reduced the firmness of kiwifruits, but had some different effects on the moisture content and cell size. CPPU and TDZ did not influence the change trend of μa and μs' with wavelength, but affected their values and the relationship with internal qualities. In general, the mean μa of the kiwifruits treated with CPPU and with TDZ was the largest and the smallest at the absorption peaks (980 nm, 1190 nm and 1420 nm), respectively. The linear discriminant analysis modeling results showed that the spectra of μa with μs' had greater potential in identifying the kiwifruits treated with CPPU/TDZ with accuracy of 75.76 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiao Cai
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuochong Zeng
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zongyi Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qian Chi
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenchuan Guo
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Zhou HM, Chen DH, Diao WJ, Wu YF, Zhang JG, Zhong L, Jiang ZY, Zhang X, Liu GL, Li Q. Inhibition of RhoGEF/RhoA alleviates regorafenib resistance and cancer stemness via Hippo signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2024; 436:113956. [PMID: 38341081 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are vulnerable to drug resistance. Although drug resistance has been taken much attention to HCC therapy, little is known of regorafenib and regorafenib resistance (RR). This study aimed to determine the drug resistance pattern and the role of RhoA in RR. Two regorafenib-resistant cell lines were constructed based on Huh7 and Hep3B cell lines. In vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to study RhoA expression, the activity of Hippo signaling pathway and cancer stem cell (CSC) traits. The data showed that RhoA was highly expressed, Hippo signaling was hypoactivated and CSC traits were more prominent in RR cells. Inhibiting RhoA could reverse RR, and the alliance of RhoA inhibition and regorafenib synergistically attenuated CSC phenotype. Furthermore, inhibiting LARG/RhoA increased Kibra/NF2 complex formation, prevented YAP from shuttling into the nucleus and repressed CD44 mRNA expression. Clinically, the high expression of RhoA correlated with poor prognosis. LARG, RhoA, YAP1 and CD44 show positive correlation with each other. Thus, inhibition of RhoGEF/RhoA has the potential to reverse RR and repress CSC phenotype in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Ming Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Da-Hong Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Diao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Ya-Fei Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Ji-Gang Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Zhong-Yi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China; Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center / Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, PR China
| | - Gao-Lin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China; Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center / Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China; Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center / Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, PR China.
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17
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Wu Q, Jiang N, Wang Y, Song G, Li P, Fang Y, Xu L, Wang W, Xie M. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (TPPU) alleviates ferroptosis by regulating CCL5 after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116301. [PMID: 38377737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibition has been shown multiple beneficial effects against brain injuries of Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the underlying mechanism of its neuroprotective effects after ICH has not been explained fully. Ferroptosis, a new form of iron-dependent programmed cell death, has been shown to be implicated in the secondary injuries after ICH. In this study, We examined whether sEH inhibition can alleviate brain injuries of ICH through inhibiting ferroptosis. Expression of several markers for ferroptosis was observed in the peri-hematomal brain tissues in mice after ICH. lip-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor, alleviated iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation and the secondary damages post-ICH in mice model. Intraperitoneal injection of 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3- (1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea (TPPU), a highly selective sEH inhibitor, could inhibit ferroptosis and alleviate brain damages in ICH mice. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing was applied to explore the potential regulatory mechanism underlying the effects of TPPU in ferroptosis after ICH. C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) may be the key factor by which TPPU regulated ferroptosis after ICH since CCL5 antagonist could mimic the effects of TPPU and CCL5 reversed the inhibitive effect of TPPU on ferroptosis and the neuroprotective effects of TPPU on secondary damage after ICH. Taken together, these data indicate that ferroptosis is a key pathological feature of ICH and Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor can exert neuroprotective effect by preventing ferroptosis after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Guini Song
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Yongkang Fang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Minjie Xie
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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18
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Crotty P, Kari K, Hughes GK, Ladd C, McIntire R, Gardner B, Peña AM, Ferrell S, Tuia J, Cohn J, Haslam A, Prasad V, Vassar M. Assessing Patient Risk, Benefit, and Outcomes in Drug Development: A Decade of Lenvatinib Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review. Target Oncol 2024; 19:161-173. [PMID: 38466535 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-024-01040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Chemotherapy agents are typically initially tested in their most promising indications; however, following initial US FDA approval, new clinical trials are often initiated in less promising indications where patients experience a worse burden-benefit ratio. The current literature on the burden-benefit profile of lenvatinib in non-FDA-approved indications is lacking. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate published clinical trials of lenvatinib in order to determine the burden-benefit profile for patients over time. EVIDENCE REVIEW On 25 May 2023, we searched the Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for clinical trials of lenvatinib used to treat solid cancers. Eligible articles were clinical trials, containing adult participants, published in English, and involving solid tumors. Screening and data collection took place in a masked, duplicate fashion. For each eligible study, we collected adverse event data, trial characteristics, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR). Trials were classified as positive when meeting their primary endpoint and safety, negative (not meeting either criteria), or indeterminate (lacking prespecified primary endpoint). FINDINGS Expansion of clinical trial testing beyond lenvatinib's initial FDA indication demonstrated a consistent rise in cumulative adverse events, along with a decline in drug efficacy. Lenvatinib was tested in 16 cancer indications, receiving FDA approval in 4. A total of 5390 Grade 3-5 adverse events were experienced across 6225 clinical trial participants. Expanded indication testing further demonstrated widely variable ORR (11-69%), OS (6.2-32 months), and PFS (3.6-15.7 months) across all indications. After initial FDA approval, clinical trial results in expanded indications were less likely to meet their primary endpoints, particularly among non-randomized clinical trials. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Our paper evaluated the effectiveness of lenvatinib for its FDA-approved indications; however, expansion of clinical trials into novel indications was characterized by diminished efficacy, while patients experienced a high burden of adverse events consistent with lenvatinib's established safety profile. Furthermore, clinical trials testing in novel indications was marked by repeated phase I and II clinical trials along with a failure to progress to phase III clinical trials. Future clinical trials using lenvatinib as an intervention should carefully evaluate the potential benefits and burden patients may experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Crotty
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W 17th St., Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA.
| | - Karim Kari
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W 17th St., Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Griffin K Hughes
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W 17th St., Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Chase Ladd
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W 17th St., Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Ryan McIntire
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W 17th St., Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Brooke Gardner
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W 17th St., Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Andriana M Peña
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W 17th St., Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Sydney Ferrell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jordan Tuia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacob Cohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Alyson Haslam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vinay Prasad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matt Vassar
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W 17th St., Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
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19
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Guo Y, Chai B, Zhang H, Chai X, Chen Y, Xu J, Qin L, Chai Y. RARRES1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression and increases its sensitivity to lenvatinib through interaction with SPINK2. Biol Direct 2024; 19:15. [PMID: 38388961 PMCID: PMC10885466 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lenvatinib is an oral small molecule inhibitor approved for treating patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Increasing cell sensitivity to lenvatinib would be an effective method of improving therapeutic efficacy. METHODS High throughput methods was used to scan the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to lenvatinib sensitivity in HCC cells. Gain- and loss-function experiments were used to explore the functions of these DEGs in HCC and lenvatinib sensitivity. CO-IP assay and rescue experiments were utilized to investigate the mechanism. RESULTS We identified that RAR responder protein 1 (RARRES1), a podocyte-specific growth arrest gene, was among significantly upregulated DEGs in HCC cells following lenvatinib treatment. Functional analysis showed that ectopic RARRES1 expression decreased HCC progression in vitro and in vivo, as well as improving tumor sensitivity to lenvatinib, while RARRES1 silencing increased HCC cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that RARRES1 interacted with serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 2 (SPINK2) in HCC cells. Further, SPINK2 overexpression suppressed HCC cell proliferation and migration, as well as increasing sensitivity to lenvatinib whereas SPINK2 knockdown promoted cell progression and decreased lenvatinib sensitivity. The mRNA and protein levels of RARRES1 and SPINK2 were low in HCC tissue samples, relative to those in normal liver tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlighted that RARRES1 can inhibit HCC progression and regulate HCC sensitivity to lenvatinib by interacting SPINK2, representing a new tumor suppressor RARRES1/SPINK2 axis in HCC that modulates sensitivity to lenvatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Guo
- Department of Digestive System Oncology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Bao Chai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hezhao Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinhao Chai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Liwei Qin
- Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuting Chai
- Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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20
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Chen HC, Kuo CY, Chang Y, Tsai DL, Lee MH, Lee JY, Lee HM, Su YC. 5-Methoxytryptophan enhances the sensitivity of sorafenib on the inhibition of proliferation and metastasis for lung cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:248. [PMID: 38388902 PMCID: PMC10885375 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and effective therapies are limited. Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide with limited effective therapy. Sorafenib is a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor frequently used to treat numerous types of malignant tumors. However, it has been demonstrated that sorafenib showed moderate antitumor activity and is associated with several side effects in lung cancer, which restricted its clinical application. This study aimed to examine the antitumor effect of the combination treatment of sorafenib and 5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP) on cell growth and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. METHOD The anticancer effect of the combination treatment of sorafenib and 5-MTP was determined through cytotoxicity assay and colony forming assays. The mechanism was elucidated using flow cytometry and western blotting. Wound healing and Transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the impact of the combination treatment on migration and invasion abilities. An in vivo model was employed to analyze the effect of the combination treatment on the tumorigenic ability of LLC cells. RESULT Our results demonstrated that the sorafenib and 5-MTP combination synergistically reduced viability and proliferation compared to sorafenib or 5-MTP treatment alone. Reduction of cyclin D1 expression was observed in the sorafenib alone or combination treatments, leading to cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, the sorafenib-5-MTP combination significantly increased the inhibitory effect on migration and invasion of LLC cells compared to the single treatments. The combination also significantly downregulated vimentin and MMP9 levels, contributing to the inhibition of metastasis. The reduction of phosphorylated Akt and STAT3 expression may further contribute to the inhibitory effect on proliferation and metastasis. In vivo, the sorafenib-5-MTP combination further reduced tumor growth and metastasis compared to the treatment of sorafenib alone. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our data indicate that 5-MTP sensitizes the antitumor activity of sorafenib in LLC cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that sorafenib-5-MTP has the potential to serve as a therapeutic option for patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Chi Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Lin Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ying Lee
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ming Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Su
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Gao Y, Packeiser EM, Wendt S, Sekora A, Cavalleri JMV, Pratscher B, Alammar M, Hühns M, Brenig B, Junghanss C, Nolte I, Murua Escobar H. Cross-Species Comparison of the Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120's Anti-Tumor Effects in Equine, Canine, and Human Malignant Melanoma Cell Lines. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:202. [PMID: 38397192 PMCID: PMC10887541 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanomas (MMs) are the abnormal proliferation of melanocytes and are one of the lethal skin cancers in humans, equines, and canines. Accordingly, MMs in companion animals can serve as naturally occurring animal models, completing conventional cancer models. The common constitutive activation of the MAPK and PI3K pathways in MMs has been described in all three species. Targeting the related pathways is considered a potential option in comparative oncologic approaches. Herein, we present a cross-species comparative analysis exposing a set of ten melanoma cell lines (one human, three equine, and six canine) derived from primary tumors or metastasis to a pan-RAF and RAF dimer inhibitor (LY3009120). Cellular response (proliferation, biomass, metabolism, early and late apoptosis/necrosis, and morphology) and the presence of pathogenic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) within the mutational hotspot genes BRAF exon 11 and 15, NRAS exon 2 and 3, KRAS exon 2, and KIT exon 11 were analyzed. This study showed that equine malignant melanoma (EMM) cells (MelDuWi) harbor the KRAS p.Q61H mutation, while canine malignant melanoma (CMM) cells (cRGO1 and cRGO1.2) carry NRAS p.G13R. Except for EMM metastasis cells eRGO6 (wild type of the above-mentioned hotspot genes), all melanoma cell lines exhibited a decrease in dose dependence after 48 and 72 h of exposure to LY3009120, independent of the mutation hotspot landscape. Furthermore, LY3009120 caused significant early apoptosis and late apoptosis/necrosis in all melanoma cell lines except for eRGO6. The anti-tumor effects of LY3009120 were observed in nine melanoma cell lines, indicating the potential feasibility of experimental trials with LY3009120. The present study reveals that the irradiation-resistant canine metastasis cells (cRGO1.2) harboring the NRAS p.G13R mutation are significantly LY3009120-sensitive, while the equine metastases-derived eRGO6 cells show significant resistance to LY3009120, which make them both valuable tools for studying resistance mechanisms in comparative oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Packeiser
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophia Wendt
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anett Sekora
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jessika-Maximiliane V. Cavalleri
- Clinical Unit of Equine Internal Medicine, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Pratscher
- Clinical Unit of Equine Internal Medicine, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Clinical Unit of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Moosheer Alammar
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Maja Hühns
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine of Rostock, Strempelstrasse, 18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Molecular Biology of Livestock and Molecular Diagnostics, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hugo Murua Escobar
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Kim BK. The Position of Multikinase Inhibitors in the Era of Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gut Liver 2024; 18:3-4. [PMID: 38221815 PMCID: PMC10791509 DOI: 10.5009/gnl230505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Beom Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Ren P, Tang Q, He X, Xu J, Wang Y, Xue C. Astaxanthin Augmented the Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Efficacy of Sorafenib Through the Inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway and Mitigation of Hypoxia within the Tumor Microenvironment. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300569. [PMID: 38059808 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The optimization of anti-cancer drug effectiveness through dietary modifications has garnered significant attention among researchers in recent times. Astaxanthin (AST) has been identified as a safe and biologically active dietary supplement. METHODS AND RESULTS The tumor-bearing mice are treated with sorafenib, along with supplementation of 60 mg kg-1 AST during the treatment. The coadministration of AST and a subclinical dosage of 10 mg kg-1 sorafenib demonstrates a tumor inhibition rate of 76.5%, which is notably superior to the 45% inhibition rate observed with the clinical dosage of 30 mg kg-1 sorafenib (p < 0.05). The administration of AST leads to a tumor inhibition increase of around 25% when combined with the clinical dose of 30 mg kg-1 sorafenib (p <0.05). AST enhances the inhibitory effect of sorafenib on tumor angiogenesis through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, AST exhibits a reduction in hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSION The results suggest that AST supplement enhances the inhibitory effects of sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma. This study presents a new dietary management program for oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingjuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinjia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Ur Rahman A, Khan I, Usman A, Khan H. Evaluation of Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) as biological pesticides for control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. J Vector Borne Dis 2024; 61:129-135. [PMID: 38648415 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.392257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are biological hormone analogue or mimics used as pesticides to inhibit the growth of larva during their molting and skin shedding. This study aimed to test the effect of IGRs on the eggs hatching and post-hatching inhibition of Aedes mosquitoes and understanding its effect in the mosquito breeding habitats for reduction in adult emergence. METHODS Experiments on the evaluation of three insect growth regulators (IGRs) for the control of different stages of Aedes aegypti was carried out during 2020-21. Each experiment consisted of four treatments viz., Pyriproxyfen, Novaluron, and Larvicol at 1.0 ppm and distilled water as a control. All experiments were carried out in completely randomized design (CRD) except eggs which were carried out in factorial design each with three replications. RESULTS All tested IGRs performed better in affecting eggs, larval and pupal stages of Ae. aegypti. Highest eggs hatching inhibition (80%) of fresh eggs occurred in Pyriproxyfen followed by Novaluron (66%) and lowest in Larvicol (62%). Eggs hatch inhibition of embryonated eggs was lower than fresh eggs. Pyriproxyfen caused 69%, Novaluron 59% and Larvicol 39% eggs hatch inhibition of embryonated eggs. Both Pyriproxyfen and Novaluron performed better in causing 98-100% larval mortality followed by Larvicol (39%). Larval development to pupal stage was completely prevented by both Pyriproxyfen and Novaluron. Although Larvicol resulted in lowest eggs hatch and larval inhibition but prevented pupae to emerge as adults. Results further showed 70-89% mortality of 3rd instar larvae of Ae. aegypti when exposed to Pyriproxyfen and Novaluron solutions after 30 days storage at lab. temperature (27±2°C), RH 70±5. INTERPRETATION CONCLUSION None of the IGRs was more effective at the pupal stage but showed carry-on activity of growth inhibition and mortality of the successive stages of development when used against eggs stages. Therefore, we recommend early application of IGRs at mosquito habitats during the beginning and onset of the season when very early stages of mosquitoes are available in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Ur Rahman
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop Protection Science, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Inamullah Khan
- Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Usman
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop Protection Science, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Khan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop Protection Science, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Abdelgalil AA, Alkahtani HM. Regorafenib: A comprehensive drug profile. Profiles Drug Subst Excip Relat Methodol 2023; 49:41-79. [PMID: 38423709 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Regorafenib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor administered orally drug, act by inhibiting the activity of the VEGF receptors. It is used for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This comprehensive profile on regorafenib includes an original data as well as data collected from the literature on Profiles of Methods of Drug Synthesis, different Physical Drug Profiles, Drug Analytical methods and Pharmacological profile (ADME). This chapter is divided into five main sections: General Description of the drug, Physical Characteristics, Methods of Preparation, Methods of Analysis, Pharmacology and List of References. These main sections are further divided to many sub-titles to cover most aspect of the drug in the light of the available literature. Among these sub-titles are the formulae, Elemental Analysis, physical characteristics which include constant of ionization, solubility, X-ray powder diffraction pattern, TGA, thermal conduct and spectroscopic and stability. Additionally, analytical techniques including Electrochemical, Spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods, ADME profiles and pharmacological effects were also discussed. Furthermore, methods and schemes are outlined for the preparation of the drug substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Abdelgalil
- Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Lin SF, Lee YY, Wu MH, Lu YL, Yeh CN, Chen WY, Chou TC, Wong RJ. Therapeutic inhibition of ATR in differentiated thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2023; 30:e230142. [PMID: 37902083 DOI: 10.1530/erc-23-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) is a critical component of the DNA damage response and a potential target in the treatment of cancers. An ATR inhibitor, BAY 1895344, was evaluated for its use in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) therapy. BAY 1895344 inhibited cell viability in four DTC cell lines (TPC1, K1, FTC-133, and FTC-238) in a dose-dependent manner. BAY 1895344 treatment arrested DTC cells in the G2/M phase, increased caspase-3 activity, and caused apoptosis. BAY 1895344 in combination with either sorafenib or lenvatinib showed mainly synergistic effects in four DTC cell lines. The combination of BAY 1895344 with dabrafenib plus trametinib revealed synergistic effects in K1 cells that harbor BRAFV600E. BAY 1895344 monotherapy retarded the growth of K1 and FTC-133 tumors in xenograft models. The combinations of BAY 1895344 plus lenvatinib and BAY 1895344 with dabrafenib plus trametinib were more effective than any single therapy in a K1 xenograft model. No appreciable toxicity appeared in animals treated with either a single therapy or a combination treatment. Our findings provide the rationale for the development of clinical trials of BAY 1895344 in the treatment of DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chao Chou
- Laboratory of Preclinical Pharmacology Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- PD Science, Inc., Mill Run, Paramus, New Jersey, USA
| | - Richard J Wong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Stacchiotti S, Baldi GG, Frezza AM, Morosi C, Greco FG, Collini P, Barisella M, Dagrada GP, Zaffaroni N, Pasquali S, Gronchi A, Huang P, Ingrosso M, Tinè G, Miceli R, Casali PG. Regorafenib in advanced solitary fibrous tumour: Results from an exploratory phase II clinical study. Eur J Cancer 2023; 195:113391. [PMID: 37918286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the activity of regorafenib in advanced solitary fibrous tumour (SFT). METHODS An Italian monocentric investigator-initiated exploratory single-arm Phase II trial was conducted of regorafenib in adult patients with advanced and progressive SFT, until progression or limiting toxicity. Prior treatment with antiangiogenics was allowed. Primary and secondary end-points were: overall response rate (ORR) by Choi criteria, and ORR by RECIST, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS). RESULTS From January 2016 to February 2021, 18 patients were enroled [malignant-SFT = 13; dedifferentiated-SFT (D-SFT) = 4; typical-SFT (T-SFT) = 1]. Fourteen patients were pre-treated, in 12 cases with antiangiogenics (median [m-] lines of treatment = 3). Sixteen patients were evaluable for response (one screening failure; one early discontinuation). Six/16 (35.2%) required a definitive dose reduction. ORR by Choi was 37.5% (95% CI: 15.2-64.6), with 6/16 (37.5%) partial responses (PR), 6/16 (37.5%) stable disease (SD) and 4/16 (25%) progressions; 5/6 responses occurred in patients pre-treated with antiangiogenics. No responses were detected in D-SFT. Best RECIST responses were: 1/16 (6.2%) PR, 12/16 (75%) SD, 3/16 (18.8%) progressions. At 48.4 month m-FU, m-PFS by Choi was 4.7 (inter-quartile range: 2.4-13.1) months, with 31.2% patients progression-free at 1 year. CONCLUSION Regorafenib showed activity in SFT, with 30% patients free-from-progression at one year. Responses were observed also in patients pretreated and refractory to another antiangiogenic agents. However, ORR and m-PFS were lower than reported with other antiangiogenics, and this was possibly due to discrepancies in the patient population and the high-rate of dose reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Stacchiotti
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Anna Maria Frezza
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Morosi
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Collini
- Soft Tissue Tumor Pathology Unit, Advanced Diagnostics Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Barisella
- Soft Tissue Tumor Pathology Unit, Advanced Diagnostics Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Dagrada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Pasquali
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gronchi
- Sarcoma Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Matilde Ingrosso
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Tinè
- Unit of Biostatistics for Clinical Research, Department Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosalba Miceli
- Unit of Biostatistics for Clinical Research, Department Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Giovanni Casali
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Buttell A, Qiu W. The action and resistance mechanisms of Lenvatinib in liver cancer. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1918-1934. [PMID: 37671815 PMCID: PMC10840925 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that prevents the formation of new blood vessels namely by inhibiting tyrosine kinase enzymes as the name suggests. Specifically, Lenvatinib acts on vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1-3 (VEGFR1-3), fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4 (FGFR1-4), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα), tyrosine-kinase receptor (KIT), and rearranged during transfection receptor (RET). Inhibition of these receptors works to inhibit tumor proliferation. It is through these inhibition mechanisms that Lenvatinib was tested to be noninferior to Sorafenib. However, resistance to Lenvatinib is common, making the positive effects of Lenvatinib on a patient's survival null after resistance is acquired. Therefore, it is crucial to understand mechanisms related to Lenvatinib resistance. This review aims to piece together various mechanisms involved in Lenvatinib resistance and summarizes the research done so far investigating it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Buttell
- Departments of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Wei Qiu
- Departments of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
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Zhou C, Sun BY, Zhou PY, Yang ZF, Wang ZT, Liu G, Gan W, Wang Z, Zhou J, Fan J, Yi Y, Ren N, Qiu SJ. MAIT cells confer resistance to Lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibodies in hepatocellular carcinoma through TNF-TNFRSF1B pathway. Clin Immunol 2023; 256:109770. [PMID: 37717672 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The combination of antiangiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors is more efficient than monotherapy in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibodies have become the mainstay in HCC treatment. However, more than half the patients with HCC are non-responsive, and the mechanisms underlying drug resistance are unknown. To address this issue, we performed single-cell sequencing on samples from six HCC patients, aiming to explore cellular signals and molecular pathways related to the effect of lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody treatment. GSVA analysis revealed that treatment with lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody led to an increase in the TNF-NFKB pathway across all immune cell types, as compared to the non-treatment group. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells were found to secrete TNF, which activates TNFRSF1B on regulatory T cells, thereby promoting immunosuppression. Additionally, TNFSF9 was highly expressed in anticancer immune cells, including CD8+ effector T cells, MAIT, and γδ T cells in the treatment group. We also detected CD3+ macrophages in both HCC and pan-cancer tissues. Overall, our findings shed light on the potential mechanisms behind the effectiveness of lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody treatment in HCC patients. By understanding these mechanisms better, we may be able to develop more effective treatment strategies for patients who do not respond to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao-Ye Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Yun Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang-Fu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu-Tao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gao Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China..
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.; Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, and Key Laboratory of Whole-period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer, Minhang Hospital & AHS, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China..
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Leung CON, Yang Y, Leung RWH, So KKH, Guo HJ, Lei MML, Muliawan GK, Gao Y, Yu QQ, Yun JP, Ma S, Zhao Q, Lee TKW. Broad-spectrum kinome profiling identifies CDK6 upregulation as a driver of lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6699. [PMID: 37872167 PMCID: PMC10593849 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that drug resistance can be acquired in cancer cells by kinase rewiring, which is an obstacle for efficient cancer therapy. However, it is technically challenging to measure the expression of protein kinases on large scale due to their dynamic range in human proteome. We employ a lysine-targeted sulfonyl fluoride probe, named XO44, which binds to 133 endogenous kinases in intact lenvatinib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. This analysis reveals cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) upregulation, which is mediated by ERK/YAP1 signaling cascade. Functional analyses show that CDK6 is crucial in regulation of acquired lenvatinib resistance in HCC via augmentation of liver cancer stem cells with clinical significance. We identify a noncanonical pathway of CDK6 in which it binds and regulates the activity of GSK3β, leading to activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Consistently, CDK6 inhibition by palbociclib or degradation by proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) is highly synergistic with lenvatinib in vitro. Interestingly, palbociclib not only exerts maximal growth suppressive effect with lenvatinib in lenvatinib-resistant HCC models but also reshapes the tumor immune microenvironment. Together, we unveil CDK6 as a druggable target in lenvatinib-resistant HCC and highlight the use of a chemical biology approach to understand nongenetic resistance mechanisms in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Oi Ning Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rainbow Wing Hei Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl Kam Hei So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai Jun Guo
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martina Mang Leng Lei
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gregory Kenneth Muliawan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'An, China
| | - Qian Qian Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Terence Kin Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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Guo J, Zhao J, Xu Q, Huang D. MEX3C as a potential target for hepatocellular carcinoma drug and immunity: combined therapy with Lenvatinib. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:967. [PMID: 37828435 PMCID: PMC10568896 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune microenvironment within hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is remarkably intricate. Although the combination of an immune checkpoint inhibitor and Lenvatinib can extend the overall survival of HCC patients, the outcome remains suboptimal. METHODS We assessed alterations in MEX3C expression during hepatocarcinogenesis by validating multiple databases and subsequently developed a predictive model. Subsequently, we enriched the associated genes of MEX3C to investigate its functional role. We examined the correlation between MEX3C expression levels and immune infiltrating cells. The effects of MEX3C knockdown and Lenvatinib on hepatoma cells were observed by cell function experiments. RESULTS MEX3C expression is elevated in HCC compared to normal tissues, and its high expression correlates with poor prognosis. Immune checkpoint expression was elevated in the high MEX3C expression group, concomitant with heightened myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expression. The combination of MEX3C knockdown and Lenvatinib demonstrated a stronger inhibitory effect on HCC cells compared to Lenvatinib alone. CONCLUSION MEX3C shows promise as a potential therapeutic target for treating HCC. Furthermore, the combination of MEX3C knockdown and Lenvatinib could offer a novel therapeutic avenue for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Guo
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014 China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014 China
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Mortensen ACL, Berglund H, Hariri M, Papalanis E, Malmberg C, Spiegelberg D. Combination therapy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib with the HSP90 inhibitor onalespib as a novel treatment regimen for thyroid cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16844. [PMID: 37803074 PMCID: PMC10558458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, affecting nearly 600,000 new patients worldwide. Treatment with the BRAF inhibitor sorafenib partially prolongs progression-free survival in thyroid cancer patients, but fails to improve overall survival. This study examines enhancing sorafenib efficacy by combination therapy with the novel HSP90 inhibitor onalespib. In vitro efficacy of sorafenib and onalespib monotherapy as well as in combination was assessed in papillary (PTC) and anaplastic (ATC) thyroid cancer cells using cell viability and colony formation assays. Migration potential was studied in wound healing assays. The in vivo efficacy of sorafenib and onalespib therapy was evaluated in mice bearing BHT-101 xenografts. Sorafenib in combination with onalespib significantly inhibited PTC and ATC cell proliferation, decreased metabolic activity and cancer cell migration. In addition, the drug combination approach significantly inhibited tumor growth in the xenograft model and prolonged the median survival. Our results suggest that combination therapy with sorafenib and onalespib could be used as a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of thyroid cancer, significantly improving the results obtained with sorafenib as monotherapy. This approach has the potential to reduce treatment adaptation while at the same time providing therapeutic anti-cancer benefits such as reducing tumor growth and metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Charlotte Lundgren Mortensen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna Berglund
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mehran Hariri
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eleftherios Papalanis
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Diana Spiegelberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Egidi MJ, Krug S, Haybaeck J, Michl P, Griesmann H. Anti-angiogenic therapy using the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor Regorafenib enhances tumor progression in a transgenic mouse model of ß-cell carcinogenesis. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1225-1237. [PMID: 37620408 PMCID: PMC10575939 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) represent a distinct hypervascularized tumor entity, often diagnosed at metastatic stage. Therapeutic efficacy of anti-angiogenic multi-kinase inhibitors is frequently limited by primary or acquired resistance in vivo. This study aimed to characterize the molecular mode of action as well as resistance mechanisms to the anti-angiogenic multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) Regorafenib in vitro and in vivo. METHODS In vitro, human and murine pancreatic neuroendocrine cell lines were comparatively treated with Regorafenib and other TKIs clinically used in PNETs. Effects on cell viability and proliferation were analyzed. In vivo, transgenic RIP1Tag2 mice were treated with Regorafenib at two different time periods during carcinogenesis and its impact on angiogenesis and tumor progression was evaluated. RESULTS Compared to the established TKI therapies with Sunitinib and Everolimus, Regorafenib showed the strongest effects on cell viability and proliferation in vitro, but was unable to induce apoptosis. Unexpectedly and in contrast to these in vitro findings, Regorafenib enhanced proliferation during early tumor development in RIP1Tag2 mice and had no significant effect in late tumor progression. In addition, invasiveness was increased at both time points. Mechanistically, we could identify an upregulation of the pro-survival protein Bcl-2, the induction of the COX2-PGE2-pathway as well as the infiltration of CSF1R positive immune cells into the tumors as potential resistance mechanisms following Regorafenib treatment. DISCUSSION Our data identify important tumor cell-autonomous and stroma-dependent mechanisms of resistance to antiangiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Juliane Egidi
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, D 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Sebastian Krug
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, D 06120, Halle, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Patrick Michl
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, D 06120, Halle, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Heidi Griesmann
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, D 06120, Halle, Germany
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Guo W, Li S, Qian Y, Li L, Wang F, Tong Y, Li Q, Zhu Z, Gao W, Liu Y. KDM6A promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and dictates lenvatinib efficacy by upregulating FGFR4 expression. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1452. [PMID: 37846441 PMCID: PMC10580016 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major causes of death from cancer and has a very poor prognosis with few effective therapeutic options. Despite the approval of lenvatinib for the treatment of patients suffering from advanced HCC, only a small number of patients can benefit from this targeted therapy. METHODS Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-CCL4 mouse liver tumour and the xenograft tumour models were used to evaluate the function of KDM6A in HCC progression. The xenograft tumour model and HCC cell lines were used to evaluate the role of KDM6A in HCC drug sensitivity to lenvatinib. RNA-seq and ChIP assays were conducted for mechanical investigation. RESULTS We revealed that KDM6A exhibited a significant upregulation in HCC tissues and was associated with an unfavourable prognosis. We further demonstrated that KDM6A knockdown remarkably suppressed HCC cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Moreover, hepatic Kdm6a loss also inhibited liver tumourigenesis in a mouse liver tumour model. Mechanistically, KDM6A loss downregulated the FGFR4 expression to suppress the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling pathway, leading to a glucose and lipid metabolism re-programming in HCC. KDM6A and FGFR4 levels were positively correlated in HCC specimens and mouse liver tumour tissues. Notably, KDM6A knockdown significantly inhibited the efficacy of lenvatinib therapy in HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that KDM6A promoted HCC progression by activating FGFR4 expression and may be an essential molecule for influencing the efficacy of lenvatinib in HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Songling Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med‐X Research InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yifei Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Linfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Qianyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Zijun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Wei‐Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Med‐X Research InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerDepartment of Liver SurgeryRenji‐Med‐X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and ImmonologyShanghai Institute of TransplantationShanghaiP. R. China
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Fan M, Chen Z, Shao W, Chen Y, Lin Z, Yi C, Li Y, Lu L, Zhou Y, Lin J. SREBP2 inhibitor betulin sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to lenvatinib by inhibiting the mTOR/IL-1β pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1479-1486. [PMID: 37434430 PMCID: PMC10520477 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lenvatinib has become the first-line therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its efficacy is still limited because of the inevitable development of resistance. It has been reported that cellular cholesterol levels are associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) efficacy. Here, we show that betulin, a sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) inhibitor, markedly enhances the anti-tumor effect of lenvatinib in HCC both in vitro and in vivo. Our results also show that the combination treatment of lenvatinib and betulin synergistically inhibits the proliferation and clonogenicity of HCC cells. The mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1β are markedly decreased in HCC cells treated with betulin, while the sensitivity of HCC cells to lenvatinib is enhanced. Moreover, we find that the knockdown of IL-1β also enhances the efficacy of lenvatinib, and recombinant IL-1β protein rescues cell viability, which is reduced by lenvatinib in HCC cells. Further mechanistic studies indicate that betulin decreases the level of IL-1β in HCC cells by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway. Finally, the growth of the tumors in xenograft mouse models subjected to combination treatment is significantly suppressed. In summary, our study reveals that the SREBP2 inhibitor betulin sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to lenvatinib by inhibiting the mTOR/IL-1β pathway, which may be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Fan
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Zhenmei Chen
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Weiqing Shao
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Yiran Chen
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Zhifei Lin
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Chenhe Yi
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Yitong Li
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseasesthe Third Afflicted Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325200China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
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Bi QC, Deng ZQ, Lv YF, Liu Y, Xie CS, He YQ, Tang Q. Low Pi stress enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115593. [PMID: 37196682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of advanced-stage HCC; however, clinical trials of sorafenib failed to demonstrate long-term survival benefits due to drug resistance. Low Pi stress has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and the expression of multidrug resistance-associated proteins. In this study, we investigated the sensitivity of HCC to sorafenib under conditions of low Pi stress. As a result, we found that low Pi stress facilitated sorafenib-mediated suppression of migration and invasion of HepG-2 and Hepa1-6 cells by decreasing the phosphorylation or expression of AKT, Erk and MMP-9. Angiogenesis was inhibited due to decreased expression of PDGFR under low Pi stress. Low Pi stress also decreased the viability of sorafenib-resistant cells by directly regulating the expression of AKT, HIF-1a and P62. In vivo drug sensitivity analysis in the four animal models showed a similar tendency that low Pi stress enhances sorafenib sensitivity in both the normal and drug-resistant models. Altogether, low Pi stress enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib and expands the indications for sevelamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Chen Bi
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Fuzhou, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang-Feng Lv
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuan-Sheng Xie
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan-Qiao He
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qun Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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He Y, Zhan L, Shi J, Xiao M, Zuo R, Wang C, Liu Z, Gong W, Chen L, Luo Y, Zhang S, Wang Y, Chen L, Guo H. The Combination of R848 with Sorafenib Enhances Antitumor Effects by Reprogramming the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Facilitating Vascular Normalization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2207650. [PMID: 37083239 PMCID: PMC10288281 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Novel promising strategies for combination with sorafenib are urgently needed to enhance its clinical benefit and overcome toxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). the molecular and immunomodulatory antitumor effects of sorafenib alone and in combination with the new immunotherapeutic agent R848 are presented. Syngeneic HCC mouse model is presented to explore the antitumor effect and safety of three sorafenib doses alone, R848 alone, or their combination in vivo. R848 significantly enhances the sorafenib antitumor activity at a low subclinical dose with no obvious toxic side effects. Furthermore, the combination therapy reprograms the tumor immune microenvironment by increasing antitumor macrophages and neutrophils and preventing immunosuppressive signaling. Combination treatment promotes classical M1 macrophage-to-FTH1high M1 macrophage transition. The close interaction between neutrophils/classical M1 macrophages and dendritic cells promotes tumor antigen presentation to T cells, inducing cytotoxic CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Additionally, low-dose sorafenib, alone or combined with R848, normalizes the tumor vasculature, generating a positive feedback loop to support the antitumor immune environment. Therefore, the combination therapy reprograms the HCC immune microenvironment and normalizes the vasculature, improving the therapeutic benefit of low-dose sorafenib and minimizing toxicity, suggesting a promising novel immunotherapy (R848) and targeted therapy (tyrosine kinase inhibitors) combination strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao He
- Department of Tumor Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Linlin Zhan
- Department of Tumor Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Jian Shi
- Institute of Precision MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Manyu Xiao
- School of PharmacyMinzu University of ChinaBeijing10081China
| | - Ran Zuo
- Department of Tumor Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Chengmeng Wang
- Department of Tumor Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Tumor Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Wenchen Gong
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
- Department of PathologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Tumor Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Tumor Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
| | - Shaojun Zhang
- Medical Research InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou510080China
| | - Youwei Wang
- Institute of Medical Engineering & Translational MedicineTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Lu Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
- Department of Hepatobiliary CancerLiver Cancer Research CenterTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Tumor Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin300060China
- National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China
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de Resende PE, Nisler J, Voller J, Kadlecová A, Gibbons S. Antimicrobial and anthelmintic activities of aryl urea agents. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 33:114-119. [PMID: 36906171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to characterise compounds with activity against carbapenemase-expressing Gram-negative bacteria and nematodes and evaluate their cytotoxicity to non-cancerous human cells. METHODS The antimicrobial activity and toxicity of a series of phenyl-substituted urea derivatives were evaluated using broth microdilution, chitinase, and resazurin reduction assays. RESULTS The effects of different substitutions present on the nitrogen atoms of the urea backbone were investigated. Several compounds were active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli control strains. Specifically, derivatives 7b, 11b, and 67d exhibited antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 16, a carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae species, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 100, 50, and 72 µM (32, 64, and 32 mg/L), respectively. In addition, the MICs obtained against a multidrug-resistant E. coli strain were 100, 50, and 36 µM (32, 16, and 16 mg/L) for the same compounds, respectively. Furthermore, the urea derivatives 18b, 29b, 50c, 51c, 52c, 55c-59c, and 62c were very active towards the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. CONCLUSIONS Testing on non-cancerous human cell lines suggested that some of the compounds have the potential to affect bacteria, especially helminths, with limited cytotoxicity to humans. Given the simplicity of synthesis for this class of compounds and their potency against Gram-negative, carbapenemase-expressing K. pneumoniae, aryl ureas possessing the 3,5-dichloro-phenyl group certainly warrant further investigation to exploit their selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ernesto de Resende
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
| | - Jaroslav Nisler
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Voller
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Kadlecová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Simon Gibbons
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery (CNPD), School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Tran TT, Caulfield J, Zhang L, Schoenfeld D, Djureinovic D, Chiang VL, Oria V, Weiss SA, Olino K, Jilaveanu LB, Kluger HM. Lenvatinib or anti-VEGF in combination with anti-PD-1 differentially augments antitumor activity in melanoma. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e157347. [PMID: 36821392 PMCID: PMC10132152 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting tumor-associated blood vessels to increase immune infiltration may enhance treatment effectiveness, yet limited data exist regarding anti-angiogenesis effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME). We hypothesized that dual targeting of angiogenesis with immune checkpoints would improve both intracranial and extracranial disease. We used subcutaneous and left ventricle melanoma models to evaluate anti-PD-1/anti-VEGF and anti-PD-1/lenvatinib (pan-VEGFR inhibitor) combinations. Cytokine/chemokine profiling and flow cytometry were performed to assess signaling and immune-infiltrating populations. An in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model was utilized to study intracranial treatment effects on endothelial integrity and leukocyte transmigration. Anti-PD-1 with either anti-VEGF or lenvatinib improved survival and decreased tumor growth in systemic melanoma murine models; treatment increased Th1 cytokine/chemokine signaling. Lenvatinib decreased tumor-associated macrophages but increased plasmacytoid DCs early in treatment; this effect was not evident with anti-VEGF. Both lenvatinib and anti-VEGF resulted in decreased intratumoral blood vessels. Although anti-VEGF promoted endothelial stabilization in an in vitro BBB model, while lenvatinib did not, both regimens enabled leukocyte transmigration. The combined targeting of PD-1 and VEGF or its receptors promotes enhanced melanoma antitumor activity, yet their effects on the TME are quite different. These studies provide insights into dual anti-PD-1 and anti-angiogenesis combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T. Tran
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jasmine Caulfield
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - David Schoenfeld
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Dijana Djureinovic
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Veronica L. Chiang
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Victor Oria
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sarah A. Weiss
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kelly Olino
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lucia B. Jilaveanu
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Harriet M. Kluger
- Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Wang X, Liu C, Wen H, Duan X, Jiao Y, Liu Y, Chen M, Zhu K, Mao X, Zhou Q. Effectiveness of lenvatinib plus immune checkpoint inhibitors in primary advanced hepatocellular carcinoma beyond oligometastasis. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1214. [PMID: 36855781 PMCID: PMC9975463 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors is considered a promising treatment for primary advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the difference between synchronous and asynchronous treatment of lenvatinib with programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor in advanced HCC is still unclear. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the effectiveness of synchronous and asynchronous of lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitor on the advanced HCC beyond oligometastasis. METHODS In this study, 213 patients from four institutions in China were involved. Patients were split into two collections: (1) lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor were used synchronously (synchronous treatment group); (2) patients in asynchronous treatment group received PD-1 inhibitor after 3 months of lenvatinib treatment prior to tumour progression. To analyse progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), efficacy and safety of patients in both groups, we employed propensity score matching (PSM). RESULTS The 6-, 12- and 24-month OS rates were 100%, 93.4% and 58.1% in the synchronous treatment group and 100%, 71.5% and 25.3% in the asynchronous treatment group, respectively. In contrast to the asynchronous treatment group, the group treated synchronously exhibited a substantially enhanced OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30-0.66; p < .001). The 6-, 12- and 18-month PFS rates were 82.6%, 42.6% and 10.8% in the synchronous treatment group and 63.3%, 14.2% and 0% in the asynchronous treatment group, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the PFS rate (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.33-0.63; p < .001) between the two collections. CONCLUSIONS Patients with advanced HCC beyond oligometastasis, simultaneous administration of lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitor led to significant improvements in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Hui Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryHunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Chang‐Jun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryHunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Hao‐Quan Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryHunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Xiao‐Hui Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryHunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Yu‐Qing Jiao
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu‐Jiang Liu
- Department of Interventional UltrasoundChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Min‐Shan Chen
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Kang‐Shun Zhu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xian‐Hai Mao
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryHunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Qun‐Fang Zhou
- Department of Interventional UltrasoundChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Ye GJ, Cai CY, Dong XD, Wu ZX, Teng QX, Wang JQ, Chen ZS, Wang B. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of phenylurea indole derivatives as ABCG2 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106481. [PMID: 36966672 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Three series of phenylurea indole derivatives were synthesized with potent inhibitory activities on ABCG2 with simple and efficient synthetic routes. Among these compounds, four phenylurea indole derivatives 3c-3f with extended π system were discovered as the most potent ABCG2 inhibitors, while these compounds showed no inhibition on ABCB1. Compounds 3c and 3f were selected for further investigation to explore the mechanisms of action on reversing ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR). The results revealed that compounds 3c and 3f increased the accumulation of mitoxantrone (MX) in ABCG2-overexpressing cells, but they did not alter the expression level or localization of ABCG2 in cells. In addition, both 3c and 3f significantly stimulated the ATP hydrolysis of ABCG2 transporter indicating that they can be competitive substrates of ABCG2 transporter, and thereby increase the accumulation of mitoxantrone in ABCG2-overexpressing H460/MX20 cells. Both 3c and 3f was docked into the drug-binding site of the human ABCG2 transporter protein (PDB 6FFC) with high affinities. This study showed that extending the π system of phenylurea indole derivatives enhanced their inhibitory activities on ABCG2, which may provide a clue for the further research to discover more potent ABCG2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Jie Ye
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, United States
| | - Chao-Yun Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, United States
| | - Xing-Duo Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, United States
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, United States
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, United States
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, United States
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, United States.
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 132 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Varlamova EG, Khabatova VV, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Ca 2+-Dependent Effects of the Selenium-Sorafenib Nanocomplex on Glioblastoma Cells and Astrocytes of the Cerebral Cortex: Anticancer Agent and Cytoprotector. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032411. [PMID: 36768736 PMCID: PMC9917080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that sorafenib is recommended for the treatment of oncological diseases of the liver, kidneys, and thyroid gland, and recently it has been used for combination therapy of brain cancer of various genesis, there are still significant problems for its widespread and effective use. Among these problems, the presence of the blood-brain barrier of the brain and the need to use high doses of sorafenib, the existence of mechanisms for the redistribution of sorafenib and its release in the brain tissue, as well as the high resistance of gliomas and glioblastomas to therapy should be considered the main ones. Therefore, there is a need to create new methods for delivering sorafenib to brain tumors, enhancing the therapeutic potential of sorafenib and reducing the cytotoxic effects of active compounds on the healthy environment of tumors, and ideally, increasing the survival of healthy cells during therapy. Using vitality tests, fluorescence microscopy, and molecular biology methods, we showed that the selenium-sorafenib (SeSo) nanocomplex, at relatively low concentrations, is able to bypass the mechanisms of glioblastoma cell chemoresistance and to induce apoptosis through Ca2+-dependent induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, changes in the expression of selenoproteins and selenium-containing proteins, as well as key kinases-regulators of oncogenicity and cell death. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) also have a high anticancer efficacy in glioblastomas, but are less selective, since SeSo in cortical astrocytes causes a more pronounced activation of the cytoprotective pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Varlamova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Venera V. Khabatova
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilove st., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilove st., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Egor A. Turovsky
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Wang H, Zhang G, Yang X, Lu Z, Zhao H. Lenvatinib plus immune checkpoint inhibitors or locoregional therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Lessons learned and moving forwards. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188841. [PMID: 36423747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the deadliest neoplasms around the world, and a major proportion of patients are diagnosed in an advanced state not amenable to curative treatment. Lenvatinib, a promising first-line targeted therapy, has shown antitumour activity in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. Emerging evidence indicates that a combination of lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 inhibitors or locoregional therapies exerts a stronger antitumour effect than monotherapy and even offers the possibility of long-term survival while maintaining acceptable tolerability. Several studies have also shown the superiority of lenvatinib over sorafenib in combination strategies. This review addresses the rationale behind lenvatinib-based combination therapies and comprehensively summarizes various clinical studies investigating lenvatinib in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), locoregional therapies, and other systemic treatments. We discuss the unsatisfactory search for suitable biomarkers and key ongoing trials in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyuan Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease. Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease. Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease. Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhui Lu
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Guangdong, China.
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease. Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730 Beijing, China.
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Kurma K, Zeybek Kuyucu A, Roth GS, Sturm N, Mercey-Ressejac M, Abbadessa G, Yu Y, Lerat H, Marche PN, Decaens T, Macek Jilkova Z. Effect of Novel AKT Inhibitor Vevorisertib as Single Agent and in Combination with Sorafenib on Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Cirrhotic Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416206. [PMID: 36555845 PMCID: PMC9784348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The AKT pathway is often activated in HCC cases, and a longer exposure to tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sorafenib may lead to over-activation of the AKT pathway, leading to HCC resistance. Here, we studied the efficacy of a new generation of allosteric AKT inhibitor, vevorisertib, alone or in combination with sorafenib. To identify specific adverse effects related to the background of cirrhosis, we used a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced cirrhotic rat model. Vevorisertib was tested in vitro on Hep3B, HepG2, HuH7 and PLC/PRF cell lines. Rats were treated weekly with intra-peritoneal injections of DEN for 14 weeks to obtain cirrhosis with fully developed HCC. After that, rats were randomized into four groups (n = 7/group): control, sorafenib, vevorisertib and the combination of vevorisertib + sorafenib, and treated for 6 weeks. Tumor progression was followed by MRI. We demonstrated that the vevorisertib is a highly potent treatment, blocking the phosphorylation of AKT. The tumor progression in the rat liver was significantly reduced by treatment with vevorisertib + sorafenib (49.4%) compared to the control group (158.8%, p < 0.0001). Tumor size, tumor number and tumor cell proliferation were significantly reduced in both the vevorisertib group and vevorisertib + sorafenib groups compared to the control group. Sirius red staining showed an improvement in liver fibrosis by vevorisertib and the combination treatment. Moreover, vevorisertib + sorafenib treatment was associated with a normalization in the liver vasculature. Altogether, vevorisertib as a single agent and its combination with sorafenib exerted a strong suppression of tumor progression and improved liver fibrosis. Thus, results provide a rationale for testing vevorisertib in clinical settings and confirm the importance of targeting AKT in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Kurma
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Ayca Zeybek Kuyucu
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Gaël S. Roth
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, 38700 Grenoble, France
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Nathalie Sturm
- Pathology and Cytology Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
- T-RAIG, TIMC, University Grenoble-Alpes/CNRS UMR5525, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Marion Mercey-Ressejac
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, 38700 Grenoble, France
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Yi Yu
- ArQule Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, USA
| | - Herve Lerat
- Unité Mixte de Service hTAG, Grenoble Alpes University, Inserm US046, CNRS UAR2019, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Patrice N. Marche
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Decaens
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, 38700 Grenoble, France
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Zuzana Macek Jilkova
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, 38700 Grenoble, France
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence:
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Monte AA, Mackenzie IA, Pattee J, Kaiser S, Willems E, Rumack B, Reynolds KM, Dart RC, Heard KJ. Genetic variants associated with ALT elevation from therapeutic acetaminophen. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2022; 60:1198-1204. [PMID: 36102175 PMCID: PMC9701448 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2022.2117053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested genetic variants associated with acetaminophen induced liver injury (DILI) following overdose. Genetic variation associated with acetaminophen-induced alanine aminotransferase elevation during therapeutic dosing has not been examined. METHODS We performed genetic analyses on patients that ingested therapeutic doses of 4 grams of acetaminophen for up to 16 days. We examined 20 genes previously implicated in the metabolism of acetaminophen or the development of immune-mediated DILI using the Illumina Multi-Ethnic Global Array 2. Autosomes were aligned and imputed using TOPMed. A candidate gene region analysis was performed by testing each gene individually using linkage disequilibrium (LD) pruned variants with the adaptive sum of powered scores (aSPU) test from the aSPU R package. The highest measured ALT during therapy, the maximum ALT, was used as the outcome. RESULTS 192 subjects taking therapeutic APAP were included in the genetic analysis. 136 (70.8%) were female, 133 (69.2%) were Caucasian race, and the median age was 34 years (IQR: 26, 46). Age > 50 years was the only clinical factor associated with maximum ALT increase. Variants in SULT1E1, the gene responsible for Sulfotransferase Family 1E Member 1 enzyme production, were associated with maximum ALT. No single variant drove this association, but rather the association was due to the additive effects of numerous variants within the gene. No other genes were associated with maximum ALT increase in this cohort. CONCLUSION Acetaminophen induced ALT elevation at therapeutic doses was not associated with variation in most genes associated with acetaminophen metabolism or immune-induced DILI in this cohort. The role of SULT1E1 polymorphism in acetaminophen-induced elevated ALT needs further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A. Monte
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, CO
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Center for Bioinformatics & Personalized Medicine, Aurora, CO
- University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO
| | - Ian Arriaga Mackenzie
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jack Pattee
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Sasha Kaiser
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO
| | - Emileigh Willems
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Barry Rumack
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, CO
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO
| | - Kate M. Reynolds
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO
| | - Richard C. Dart
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO
| | - Kennon J. Heard
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, CO
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Safety, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO
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Lin ZY, Yeh ML, Huang CI, Liang PC, Hsu PY, Chen SC, Huang CF, Huang JF, Dai CY, Yu ML, Chuang WL. Advantage of clinical colchicine concentration to promote sorafenib or regorafenib anti-cancer effects on hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113540. [PMID: 36076618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The advantage of colchicine to promote sorafenib or regorafenib anti-cancer effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was investigated. Four primary cultured HCC cell lines (S103, S143, S160, S176) were studied by clinically achievable plasma sorafenib (5, 10 μg/mL), regorafenib (2, 4 μg/mL) and colchicine (4 ng/mL) concentrations. Sorafenib and regorafenib target genes and cancer stem cell markers (NANOG, POU5F1) were selected for experiments. Colchicine inhibited proliferation in all cell lines. Sorafenib inhibited proliferation only in S143 (5 μg/mL). Combined colchicine with sorafenib reversed the sorafenib effect on cellular proliferation from promotive to inhibitory in S103, and demonstrated anti-proliferative effects on other cell lines. Regorafenib inhibited proliferation in S103 (2 μg/mL), S176 (2 μg/mL) and S160 (4 μg/mL). Combined colchicine with regorafenib demonstrated equal or stronger anti-proliferative effects than regorafenib alone in all cell lines except S160. Combined colchicine obliterated or reduced the number of up-regulated target genes induced by sorafenib, and demonstrated equal or increased number of down-regulated target genes as compared with regorafenib alone. However, combined colchicine with regorafenib increased one up-regulated target gene in three cell lines. Colchicine obliterated or decreased the magnitude of up-regulated NANOG induced by sorafenib (S103, S143, S176) or regorafenib (S143), and combined with regorafenib could down-regulate NANOG (S160, S176). Adding colchicine to sorafenib or regorafenib showed inconsistent influence on POU5F1 expression as compared with sorafenib or regorafenib alone. The above results suggest that the anti-cancer effects of combined sorafenib with colchicine may be better than sorafenib alone. Colchicine may be added to regorafenib non-responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Yau Lin
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-I Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Cheng Liang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Yao Hsu
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shinn-Cherng Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Fang F, Goldstein JL, Shi X, Liang G, Brown MS. Unexpected role for IGF-1 in starvation: Maintenance of blood glucose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208855119. [PMID: 35914126 PMCID: PMC9371671 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208855119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild-type (WT) mice maintain viable levels of blood glucose even when adipose stores are depleted by 6 d of 60% calorie restriction followed by a 23-h fast (hereafter designated as "starved" mice). Survival depends on ghrelin, an octanoylated peptide hormone. Mice that lack ghrelin suffer lethal hypoglycemia when subjected to the same starvation regimen. Ghrelin is known to stimulate secretion of growth hormone (GH), which in turn stimulates secretion of IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1). In the current study, we found that starved ghrelin-deficient mice had a 90% reduction in plasma IGF-1 when compared with starved WT mice. Injection of IGF-1 in starved ghrelin-deficient mice caused a twofold increase in glucose production and raised blood glucose to levels seen in starved WT mice. Increased glucose production was accompanied by increases in plasma glycerol, fatty acids and ketone bodies, and hepatic triglycerides. All of these increases were abolished when the mice were treated with atglistatin, an inhibitor of adipose tissue triglyceride lipase. We conclude that IGF-1 stimulates adipose tissue lipolysis in starved mice and that this lipolysis supplies energy and substrates that restore hepatic gluconeogenesis. This action of IGF-1 in starved mice is in contrast to its known action in inhibiting adipose tissue lipase in fed mice. Surprisingly, the ghrelin-dependent maintenance of plasma IGF-1 in starved mice was not mediated by GH. Direct injection of GH into starved ghrelin-deficient mice failed to increase plasma IGF-1. These data call attention to an unsuspected role of IGF-1 in the adaptation to starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Joseph L. Goldstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Xuanming Shi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Guosheng Liang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Michael S. Brown
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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Wu Q, Lin M, Wu P, Zhao C, Yang S, Yu H, Xian W, Song J. TPPU Downregulates Oxidative Stress Damage and Induces BDNF Expression in PC-12 Cells. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:7083022. [PMID: 35872930 PMCID: PMC9300306 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7083022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective Ischemia-reperfusion is an ongoing clinical challenge that can lead to a series of pathological changes including oxidative stress. The inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (sEH) by 1-(1-propanoylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]urea (TPPU) results in an anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and blood vessel growth-promoting effects. Therefore, this study focused on the protective effect of TPPU on a rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cell oxidative stress model induced by H2O2. Methods CCK-8 and Hoechst 33342 were used to evaluate cell apoptosis and western blot to detect the apoptotic proteins and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Result The incubation with 100 μM, 50 μM, and 25 μM TPPU significantly increased PC-12 cell viability. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) pretreatment also protected PC-12 cells from oxidative stress. In addition, TPPU reduced caspase-3 and Bax expression and induced Bcl-2 expression, and EETs exerted the same effect on caspase-3 expression as TPPU. A positive relationship was found between TPPU or EET incubation and BDNF expression. Conclusion These results revealed that TPPU reduced PC-12 cell oxidative stress injury induced by H2O2 and promoted BDNF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China 529000
| | - Minlin Lin
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China 529000
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of TCM, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China 529000
| | - Chongyan Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China 529000
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of TCM, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China 529000
| | - Haiying Yu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China 529000
| | - Wenjiao Xian
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China 529000
| | - Jingfang Song
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of TCM, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China 529000
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Goda AE, Sakai T. Molecular insights into the microtubules depolymerizing activity of the IL-8 receptor B antagonist SB225002. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3726-3734. [PMID: 35647855 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We have previously reported the novel off-target microtubules destabilizing activity of SB225002, a compound that was originally designed as a selective and potent IL-8 receptor B antagonist. In the present study we investigated the reversibility of SB225002 antimitotic effect and provided additional mechanistic insights underlying cell death induction in SW480 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mitotically arrested cells by SB225002 treatment were isolated by shake-off, and their identity was verified by both flow cytometry and immunoblotting. The reversibility of SB225002 antimitotic effects was investigated by flow cytometry and immunoblotting. Prometaphase arrested cells were imaged via indirect immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. Activation of CHK1 in mitotically arrested cells was assessed by immunoblotting, and the relationship between CHK1 and mitotic arrest was examined via siRNA-mediated knockdown of CHK1. JNK signaling was evaluated via immunoblotting as well as pharmacological inhibition, followed by flow cytometry. The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cytotoxicity was evaluated by ROS scavenging and flow cytometry. RESULTS Following SB225002 washout, the mitotic checkpoint was abrogated, and cell cycle perturbations were gradually restored with induction of cell death. Mechanistically, CHK1 checkpoint was activated by SB225002 and occurred downstream of the mitotic checkpoint. In addition, SB225002 activated JNK signaling which contributed to cell death and restrained polyploidy. Furthermore, SB225002 increased intracellular ROS which played a role in mediating SB225002 cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Findings of the present study warrants further development of SB225002 as a lead compound that uniquely targets microtubules dynamics and IL-8 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Goda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
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Zhang C, Wu LW, Li ZD, Zhang MM, Wu J, Du FH, Zeng LH, Li YL. DYRK1A suppression attenuates HIF‑1α accumulation and enhances the anti‑liver cancer effects of regorafenib and sorafenib under hypoxic conditions. Int J Oncol 2022; 60:45. [PMID: 35244188 PMCID: PMC8923653 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia promotes drug resistance and induces the expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‑1α in liver cancer cells. However, to date, no selective HIF‑1α inhibitor has been clinically approved. The aim of this study is to investigate a drug‑targetable molecule that can regulate HIF‑1α under hypoxia. The present study demonstrated that hyperactivation of dual‑specificity tyrosine‑phosphorylation‑regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A)/HIF‑1α signaling was associated with an increased risk of liver cancer. In addition, DYRK1A knockdown using small interfering RNA transfection or treatment with harmine, a natural alkaloid, significantly reduced the protein expression levels of HIF‑1α in liver cancer cells under hypoxic conditions in vitro. Conversely, DYRK1A overexpression‑vector transfection in liver cancer cell lines notably induced HIF‑1α expression under the same conditions. Furthermore, DYRK1A was shown to interact and activate STAT3 under hypoxia to regulate HIF‑1α expression. These findings indicated that DYRK1A may be a potential upstream activator of HIF‑1α and positively regulate HIF‑1α via the STAT3 signaling pathway in liver cancer cells. Additionally, treatment with harmine attenuated the proliferative ability of liver cancer cells under hypoxic conditions using sulforhodamine B and colony formation assay. Furthermore, DYRK1A knockdown could significantly enhance the anti‑liver cancer effects of regorafenib and sorafenib under hypoxia. Co‑treatment with harmine and either regorafenib or sorafenib also promoted cell death via the STAT3/HIF‑1α/AKT signaling pathway under hypoxia using PI staining and western blotting. Overall, the results from the present study suggested that DYRK1A/HIF‑1α signaling may be considered a novel pathway involved in chemoresistance, thus providing a potentially effective therapeutic regimen for treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Wen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Di Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Man-Man Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering and Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 318000, P.R. China
| | - Fei-Hua Du
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Ling Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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