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Colasanti T, Spinelli FR, Barbati C, Ceccarelli F, Scarpa S, Vomero M, Alessandri C, Valesini G, Conti F. Belimumab Decreases Autophagy and Citrullination in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cells 2022; 11:262. [PMID: 35053379 PMCID: PMC8773843 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Belimumab (BLM) is a B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) inhibitor approved for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autophagy is a cell survival mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Citrullination is a post-translational modification catalyzed by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes. Autophagy and citrullination may generate neoepitopes, evoking an autoimmune response. No previous studies have investigated the connection of these processes, and how BLM could affect them, in SLE. Ex vivo autophagy and protein citrullination were analyzed by western blot in lysates from 26 SLE patients' PBMCs at baseline and after 2, 4, and 12 weeks of BLM administration, and from 16 healthy donors' PBMCs. Autophagic PBMCs were identified by the immunofluorescent detection of the autophagy-associated proteins LC3B (LC3 puncta) and LAMP-1. Autophagosome accumulation was evaluated in CD14- (PBLs) and CD14+ (monocytes) SLE cells. The presence of the BLyS receptors BAFF-R, BCMA, and TACI on SLE CD4+, CD8+ T cells and monocytes, as well as serum IL-18 levels, was also assessed. Following BLM administration, we observed a decrease in autophagy and citrullination, with a lowering of LC3-II, citrullinated vimentin, and PAD4 expression levels in PBMCs from SLE patients. LC3-II levels showed a correlation with the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) after 12 weeks of therapy. The LC3B/LAMP-1 analysis confirmed the reduction in autophagy. A lesser autophagosome accumulation occurred in PBLs and monocytes which, in turn, seemed to be the main cellular populations contributing to autophagy. A reduction in patients' serum IL-18 concentrations occurred. CD4+ and CD8+ cells weakly expressed BAFF receptors; monocytes expressed only BAFF-R. BLM could impact on autophagy and citrullination, offering an opportunity for a deeper understanding of these mechanisms in SLE, and a possible tool for the clinical management of SLE.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Autophagy/drug effects
- B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor/metabolism
- B-Cell Maturation Antigen/metabolism
- Biomarkers/blood
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Citrullination/drug effects
- Female
- Humans
- Interleukin-18/blood
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- Lysosomal Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Colasanti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.R.S.); (C.B.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (C.A.); (G.V.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Romana Spinelli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.R.S.); (C.B.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (C.A.); (G.V.); (F.C.)
| | - Cristiana Barbati
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.R.S.); (C.B.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (C.A.); (G.V.); (F.C.)
| | - Fulvia Ceccarelli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.R.S.); (C.B.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (C.A.); (G.V.); (F.C.)
| | - Susanna Scarpa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marta Vomero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.R.S.); (C.B.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (C.A.); (G.V.); (F.C.)
| | - Cristiano Alessandri
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.R.S.); (C.B.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (C.A.); (G.V.); (F.C.)
| | - Guido Valesini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.R.S.); (C.B.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (C.A.); (G.V.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Conti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.R.S.); (C.B.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (C.A.); (G.V.); (F.C.)
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Abstract
Selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD), characterized by a serum IgA level below 0.07 mg/ml, while displaying normal serum levels of IgM and IgG antibodies, is the most frequently occurring primary immunodeficiency that reveals itself after the first four years after birth. These individuals with SIgAD are for the majority healthy and even when they are identified they are usually not investigated further or followed up. However, recent studies show that newborns and young infants already display clinical manifestations of this condition due to aberrancies in their immune defense. Interestingly, there is a huge heterogeneity in the clinical symptoms of the affected individuals. More than 50% of the affected individuals do not have clinical symptoms, while the individuals that do show clinical symptoms can suffer from mild to severe infections, allergies and autoimmune diseases. However, the reason for this heterogeneity in the manifestation of clinical symptoms of the individuals with SIgAD is unknown. Therefore, this review focusses on the characteristics of innate immune system driving T-cell independent IgA production and providing a mechanism underlying the development of SIgAD. Thereby, we focus on some important genes, including TNFRSF13B (encoding TACI), associated with SIgAD and the involvement of epigenetics, which will cover the methylation degree of TNFRSF13B, and environmental factors, including the gut microbiota, in the development of SIgAD. Currently, no specific treatment for SIgAD exists and novel therapeutic strategies could be developed based on the discussed information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Zhang
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Dèlenn van Oostrom
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - JianXi Li
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Huub F. J. Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Lin Z, Süsskind D. Exploring the role of BAFF as biomarker in the detection of uveal melanoma metastases. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:1389-1405. [PMID: 33665679 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03555-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While B-cell activating factor (BAFF) was identified to promote the invasion in other malignancies, its role in the progression of uveal melanoma (UM) still remains unexplored. Here, we analysed the serum level of BAFF in UM patients with regard to its significance as biomarker for the metastases. METHODS In this retrospective study, serum BAFF levels in 173 UM patients (36 with metastases and 137 without), and 23 healthy controls were measured with a multiplexed sandwich ELISA system and then correlated with clinicopathological characteristics such as primary tumor size, tumor location, histological cell type, sex, cancer stage, cytogenetic alterations of chromosome 3, and the metastatic burden. Immunohistochemical staining of 50 UM tissue specimens was also performed to evaluate the expression of BAFF and its receptors BAFF-R and TACI. RESULTS The metastatic patients were identified to have significantly higher serum BAFF levels (mean ± SD, 1520.8 ± 1182.1 pg/ml) than those without metastases (950.4 ± 494.6 pg/ml) and controls (810.3 ± 140.5 pg/ml). While no distinctions were detected with regard to tumor location, histological cell type, gender, and monosomy 3, the patients in cancer stages II, III, and IV displayed higher serum BAFF levels than those in stage I. The serum BAFF level was significantly correlated with the metastatic burden. The serum BAFF level of 1120 pg/ml was identified to have the best performance for distinguishing the metastatic patients from non-metastatic patients. In the kinetic study, we noticed that 20.8% of the analysed patients already demonstrated elevated serum BAFF concentrations before the clinical diagnosis of metastases. Positive BAFF staining was detected in the cytoplasm of single tumor cells (in 13 specimens), macrophages (in 12 specimens), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (in 13 specimens). The expressions of BAFF-R and TACI were also observed in 17 and 36 of the 50 tested UM specimens, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study first suggests that BAFF might be a promising serum marker for the detection of UM metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenan Lin
- Center for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Daniela Süsskind
- Center for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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Trovato M, Ibrahim HM, Isnard S, Le Grand R, Bosquet N, Borhis G, Richard Y. Distinct Features of Germinal Center Reactions in Macaques Infected by SIV or Vaccinated with a T-Dependent Model Antigen. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020263. [PMID: 33572146 PMCID: PMC7916050 DOI: 10.3390/v13020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell follicles constitute large reservoirs of infectious HIV/SIV associated to follicular dendritic cells and infecting follicular helper (TFH) and regulatory (TFR) T-cells in germinal centers (GCs). Thus, follicular and GC B-cells are persistently exposed to viral antigens. Despite recent development of potent HIV immunogens, numerous questions are still open regarding GC reaction during early HIV/SIV infection. Here, we dissect the dynamics of B- and T-cells in GCs of macaques acutely infected by SIV (Group SIV+) or vaccinated with Tetanus Toxoid (Group TT), a T-dependent model antigen. Systemic inflammation and mobilization of antigen-presenting cells in inguinal lymph nodes and spleen are lower in Group TT than in Group SIV+. Despite spleen GC reaction of higher magnitude in Group SIV+, the development of protective immunity could be limited by abnormal helper functions of TFH massively polarized into TFH1-like cells, by inflammation-induced recruitment of fCD8 (either regulatory or cytotoxic) and by low numbers of TFR limiting TFH/TFR competition for high affinity B-cells. Increased GC B-cells apoptosis and accumulation of CD21lo memory B-cells, unable to further participate to GC reaction, likely contribute to eliminate SIV-specific B-cells and decrease antibody affinity maturation. Surprisingly, functional GCs and potent TT-specific antibodies develop despite low levels of CXCL13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Trovato
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 Paris, France; (M.T.); (H.M.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Hany M. Ibrahim
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 Paris, France; (M.T.); (H.M.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Stephane Isnard
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 Paris, France; (M.T.); (H.M.I.); (S.I.)
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (R.L.G.); (N.B.)
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (R.L.G.); (N.B.)
| | - Nathalie Bosquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (R.L.G.); (N.B.)
| | - Gwenoline Borhis
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 Paris, France; (M.T.); (H.M.I.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (Y.R.); Tel.: +44-12-2391-8127 (G.B.); +33-1-4051-6585 (Y.R.)
| | - Yolande Richard
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, 75014 Paris, France; (M.T.); (H.M.I.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (Y.R.); Tel.: +44-12-2391-8127 (G.B.); +33-1-4051-6585 (Y.R.)
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5
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Robinson T, Abdelhak A, Bose T, Meinl E, Otto M, Zettl UK, Dersch R, Tumani H, Rauer S, Huss A. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Relation to MRZ Reaction Status in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122543. [PMID: 33255854 PMCID: PMC7761295 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The MRZ reaction (MRZR) comprises the three antibody indices (AIs) against measles, rubella, and varicella zoster virus, reflecting an intrathecal polyspecific B cell response highly specific for multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, MRZR can be used to confirm a diagnosis of primary progressive MS (PPMS) but its pathophysiological and wider clinical relevance is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether PPMS patients with a positive MRZR (MRZR+) differ from those with a negative MRZR (MRZR-) according to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of B cell activity, neuroaxonal damage or glial activity, and clinical features. (1) Methods: In a multicenter PPMS cohort (n = 81) with known MRZR status, we measured B cell-activating factor (BAFF), chemokine CXC ligand 13 (CXCL-13), soluble B cell maturation antigen (sBCMA), soluble transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (sTACI), and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) in the CSF with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were detected in serum and CSF using single molecule array (SIMOA) technology. (2) Results: MRZR+ patients (45.7% of all PPMS patients) revealed higher levels of NfL in CSF compared to MRZR- patients (54.3%). There were positive correlations between each of sBCMA, sTACI, and intrathecal immunoglobin G (IgG) synthesis. Additionally, NfL concentrations in serum positively correlated with those in CSF and those of GFAP in serum. However, MRZR+ and MRZR- patients did not differ concerning clinical features (e.g., age, disease duration, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) at diagnosis and follow-up); CSF routine parameters; CSF concentrations of BAFF, CXCL-13, sBCMA, sTACI, CHI3L1, and GFAP; or serum concentrations of GFAP and NfL. (3) Conclusions: In PPMS patients, MRZR positivity might indicate a more pronounced axonal damage. Higher levels of the soluble B cell receptors BCMA and transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI) in CSF are associated with a stronger intrathecal IgG synthesis in PPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Robinson
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (T.R.); (R.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Ahmed Abdelhak
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.A.); (M.O.); (A.H.)
| | - Tanima Bose
- Biomedical Center and Klinikum Grosshadern, Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilian University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Edgar Meinl
- Biomedical Center and Klinikum Grosshadern, Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilian University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.A.); (M.O.); (A.H.)
| | - Uwe K. Zettl
- Neuroimmunological Section, Department of Neurology, Medical Center of the University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Rick Dersch
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (T.R.); (R.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Hayrettin Tumani
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.A.); (M.O.); (A.H.)
- Specialty Hospital Dietenbronn, 88477 Schwendi, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Sebastian Rauer
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (T.R.); (R.D.); (S.R.)
| | - André Huss
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (A.A.); (M.O.); (A.H.)
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Carrillo-Ballesteros FJ, Palafox-Sánchez CA, Franco-Topete RA, Muñoz-Valle JF, Orozco-Barocio G, Martínez-Bonilla GE, Gómez-López CE, Marín-Rosales M, López-Villalobos EF, Luquin S, Castañeda-Chávez A, Oregon-Romero E. Expression of BAFF and BAFF receptors in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients with ectopic germinal center-like structures. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:615-626. [PMID: 32506205 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is an essential cytokine in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) physiopathology. It has been reported that pSS patients develop germinal center-like (GC-like) structures in their minor salivary glands (MSGs). BAFF, BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA expression was analyzed in MSGs from 29 subjects (nonspecific chronic sialadenitis and focal lymphocytic sialadenitis with the presence [pSS-GC(+)] or absence [pSS-GC(-)] of GC-like structures). Twenty-four percent of patients showed ectopic GC-like structures and a high focus score [p < 0.001 vs pSS-GC(-)]. BAFF serum levels (sBAFF) were high in pSS patients (p = 0.025 vs healthy subjects). However, the pSS-GC(-) group showed higher sBAFF levels than pSS-GC(+) patients. BAFF and BAFF-R glandular expression levels were higher in pSS-GC(+) patients, without significant differences compared to pSS-GC(-) patients. Soluble levels of BAFF correlated with anti-La/SSB antibodies and disease duration. Our results showed that BAFF could contribute to focal lymphocytic infiltration. The role of BAFF-binding receptors in MSGs is proposed as a mechanism for the possible establishment of ectopic GC-like structures and disease progression in some patients. In conclusion, this study supports previous evidence that considers the active BAFF system role in the pathogenesis of pSS and the need for strong biomarkers in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Carrillo-Ballesteros
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Edificio Q, primer piso, 44340, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - C A Palafox-Sánchez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Edificio Q, primer piso, 44340, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - R A Franco-Topete
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - J F Muñoz-Valle
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Edificio Q, primer piso, 44340, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - G Orozco-Barocio
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General de Occidente, Zapopan, JAL, Mexico
| | - G E Martínez-Bonilla
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - C E Gómez-López
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - M Marín-Rosales
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Edificio Q, primer piso, 44340, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - E F López-Villalobos
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Edificio Q, primer piso, 44340, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - S Luquin
- Laboratorio de Microscopia de Alta Resolución, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
| | - A Castañeda-Chávez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General de Occidente, Zapopan, JAL, Mexico
| | - Edith Oregon-Romero
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Edificio Q, primer piso, 44340, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico.
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7
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Abstract
Class switch recombination (CSR) generates isotype-switched antibodies with distinct effector functions essential for mediating effective humoral immunity. CSR is catalyzed by activation-induced deaminase (AID) that initiates DNA lesions in the evolutionarily conserved switch (S) regions at the immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) locus. AID-initiated DNA lesions are subsequently converted into DNA double stranded breaks (DSBs) in the S regions of Igh locus, repaired by non-homologous end-joining to effect CSR in mammalian B lymphocytes. While molecular mechanisms of CSR are well characterized, it remains less well understood how upstream signaling pathways regulate AID expression and CSR. B lymphocytes express multiple receptors including the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and co-receptors (e.g., CD40). These receptors may share common signaling pathways or may use distinct signaling elements to regulate CSR. Here, we discuss how signals emanating from different receptors positively or negatively regulate AID expression and CSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangguo Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
| | - Jing H Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
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8
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Liu L, Inouye KE, Allman WR, Coleman AS, Siddiqui S, Hotamisligil GS, Akkoyunlu M. TACI-Deficient Macrophages Protect Mice Against Metaflammation and Obesity-Induced Dysregulation of Glucose Homeostasis. Diabetes 2018; 67:1589-1603. [PMID: 29871859 PMCID: PMC6054430 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) is a receptor for the TNF superfamily cytokines, B cell-activating factor (BAFF), and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). Here, we demonstrate that TACI-deficient mice subjected to high-fat diet (HFD) are protected from weight gain and dysregulated glucose homeostasis. Resistance to HFD-induced metabolic changes in TACI-deficient mice does not involve TACI-mediated adipogenesis. Instead, accumulation of M2 macrophages (Mϕs), eosinophils, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is implicated in the protection from obesity-induced assaults. In support of this hypothesis, adoptively transferred TACI-deficient peritoneal or adipose tissue Mϕs, but not B cells, can improve glucose metabolism in the obese host. Interestingly, the transferred TACI-deficient Mϕs not only home to host VAT but also trigger the accumulation of host M2 Mϕs and eosinophils in VAT. The increase in host M2 Mϕs in VAT is likely a result of eosinophil recruitment in response to eotaxin-2 produced by TACI-deficient Mϕs. Insulin signaling experiments revealed that IL-10 secreted by TACI-deficient Mϕs is responsible for maintaining adipocyte insulin sensitivity. Thus, the adoptive transfer experiments offer a model where TACI-deficient Mϕs accumulate in VAT and protect against metaflammation and obesity-associated dysregulation of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunhua Liu
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Karen Etsuko Inouye
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Windy Rose Allman
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Adam Steven Coleman
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Shafiuddin Siddiqui
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Gökhan Siddik Hotamisligil
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mustafa Akkoyunlu
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
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Haley SL, Tzvetkov EP, Lytle AG, Alugupalli KR, Plummer JR, McGettigan JP. APRIL:TACI axis is dispensable for the immune response to rabies vaccination. Antiviral Res 2017; 144:130-137. [PMID: 28619678 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is significant need to develop a single-dose rabies vaccine to replace the current multi-dose rabies vaccine regimen and eliminate the requirement for rabies immune globulin in post-exposure settings. To accomplish this goal, rabies virus (RABV)-based vaccines must rapidly activate B cells to secrete antibodies which neutralize pathogenic RABV before it enters the CNS. Increased understanding of how B cells effectively respond to RABV-based vaccines may improve efforts to simplify post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens. Several studies have successfully employed the TNF family cytokine a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) as a vaccine adjuvant. APRIL binds to the receptors TACI and B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-expressed by B cells in various stages of maturation-with high affinity. We discovered that RABV-infected primary murine B cells upregulate APRIL ex vivo. Cytokines present at the time of antigen exposure affect the outcome of vaccination by influencing T and B cell activation and GC formation. Therefore, we hypothesized that the presence of APRIL at the time of RABV-based vaccine antigen exposure would support the generation of protective antibodies against RABV glycoprotein (G). In an effort to improve the response to RABV vaccination, we constructed and characterized a live recombinant RABV-based vaccine vector which expresses murine APRIL (rRABV-APRIL). Immunogenicity testing in mice demonstrated that expressing APRIL from the RABV genome does not impact the primary antibody response against RABV G compared to RABV alone. In order to evaluate the necessity of APRIL for the response to rabies vaccination, we compared the responses of APRIL-deficient and wild-type mice to immunization with rRABV. APRIL deficiency does not affect the primary antibody response to vaccination. Furthermore, APRIL expression by the vaccine did not improve the generation of long-lived antibody-secreting plasma cells (PCs) as serum antibody levels were equivalent in response to rRABV-APRIL and the vector eight weeks after immunization. Moreover, APRIL is dispensable for the long-lived antibody-secreting PC response to rRABV vaccination as anti-RABV G IgG levels were similar in APRIL-deficient and wild-type mice six months after vaccination. Mice lacking the APRIL receptor TACI demonstrated primary anti-RABV G antibody responses similar to wild-type mice following immunization with the vaccine vector indicating that this response is independent of TACI-mediated signals. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that APRIL and associated TACI signaling is dispensable for the immune response to RABV-based vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Haley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Evgeni P Tzvetkov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrew G Lytle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kishore R Alugupalli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joseph R Plummer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - James P McGettigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Jefferson Vaccine Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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10
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Shen X, Wang M, Guo Y, Ju S. The Correlation Between Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Expression Levels of B-Cell Activating Factor and Its Receptors. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2016; 25:837-844. [PMID: 28028945 DOI: 10.17219/acem/29182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphoma is a malignant tumor of the immune system originating from lymph nodes and extralymphatic tissues. Its occurrence is believed to be associated with various immune cells due to the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes during the immune response. It has been found in many studies that B-cell activating factor (BAFF), as a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, could specifically activate B lymphocytes and promote their proliferation. OBJECTIVES To explore correlations between non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and the expression of BAFF and its receptors in NHL patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The protein expression of BAFF and its receptors in serum and BAFF mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 47 NHL patients and 20 healthy subjects were detected by ELISA and RFQ-PCR and compared with LDH and β2M levels. RESULTS BAFF mRNA expression in the PBMCs of NHL patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls. The expression levels of serum BAFF and the three receptors (TACI, BCMA and BAFF-R) in NHL patients were significantly higher than in healthy controls, and were not significantly correlated with β2M and LDH levels. CONCLUSIONS The serum protein concentration of BAFF and the expression level of BAFF mRNA in PBMCs of NHL patients underwent abnormal changes, indicating that BAFF and its receptors may play some role in the pathogenesis of NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjuan Shen
- Surgical Comprehensive Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Medical Office, Nantong University, China
| | - Yuehua Guo
- Medical Office, Nantong University, China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Surgical Comprehensive Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
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11
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12
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Abstract
Aberrant glycosylated IgA1 molecules, mainly galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), are important causal factors in IgA nephropathy; however, the underlying mechanism for the production of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 is unknown. A recent genome-wide association study identified a novel IgAN susceptibility gene, TNFSF13, which encoded a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) that promotes lymphocyte proliferation and IgA class switching. We aimed to explore the mechanism of APRIL's involvement in IgAN. We enrolled 166 patients with IgAN and 77 healthy controls and detected the plasma APRIL levels by the ELISA method, identified the mRNA expression of APRIL and its receptors by relative quantitative PCR, and confirmed by in vitro experiment. We identified increased plasma APRIL levels in IgAN, which was further proved by upregulated mRNA expression in B-lymphocytes from 27 IgAN patients. Analysis of the clinical characteristics of patients with IgAN showed that higher plasma APRIL level was associated with more severe clinical presentations (high proteinuria and low eGFR). The plasma APRIL level was positively correlated with Gd-IgA1 levels. Furthermore, exogenous APRIL could induce more production of Gd-IgA1 in cultured lymphocytes from patients with IgAN, compared with that from healthy controls. And, the relative higher expression of receptors of APRIL, that is, BCMA and TACI, in B-lymphocytes from IgAN patients were observed. Our findings implied that in patients with IgAN, increased APRIL is accompanied elevated expression of its receptors in B-lymphocytes, which induces overproduction of Gd-IgA1, ultimately contributing to the pathogenesis of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Zhai
- From the Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital; Peking University Institute of Nephrology; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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13
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Schuepbach-Mallepell S, Das D, Willen L, Vigolo M, Tardivel A, Lebon L, Kowalczyk-Quintas C, Nys J, Smulski C, Zheng TS, Maskos K, Lammens A, Jiang X, Hess H, Tan SL, Schneider P. Stoichiometry of Heteromeric BAFF and APRIL Cytokines Dictates Their Receptor Binding and Signaling Properties. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16330-42. [PMID: 25953898 PMCID: PMC4481231 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.661405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The closely related TNF family ligands B cell activation factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) serve in the generation and maintenance of mature B-lymphocytes. Both BAFF and APRIL assemble as homotrimers that bind and activate several receptors that they partially share. However, heteromers of BAFF and APRIL that occur in patients with autoimmune diseases are incompletely characterized. The N and C termini of adjacent BAFF or APRIL monomers are spatially close and can be linked to create single-chain homo- or hetero-ligands of defined stoichiometry. Similar to APRIL, heteromers consisting of one BAFF and two APRILs (BAA) bind to the receptors B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI) but not to the BAFF receptor (BAFFR). Heteromers consisting of one APRIL and two BAFF (ABB) bind to TACI and BCMA and weakly to BAFFR in accordance with the analysis of the receptor interaction sites in the crystallographic structure of ABB. Receptor binding correlated with activity in reporter cell line assays specific for BAFFR, TACI, or BCMA. Single-chain BAFF (BBB) and to a lesser extent single-chain ABB, but not APRIL or single-chain BAA, rescued BAFFR-dependent B cell maturation in BAFF-deficient mice. In conclusion, BAFF-APRIL heteromers of different stoichiometries have distinct receptor-binding properties and activities. Based on the observation that heteromers are less active than BAFF, we speculate that their physiological role might be to down-regulate BAFF activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dolon Das
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Laure Willen
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Michele Vigolo
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Aubry Tardivel
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Luc Lebon
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | - Josquin Nys
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Cristian Smulski
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | - Klaus Maskos
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH, D-82152 Planegg, Germany
| | | | - Xuliang Jiang
- the EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821
| | - Henry Hess
- a subsidiary of Merck KGaA, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Seng-Lai Tan
- the EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821
| | - Pascal Schneider
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland,
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Isik G, Sliepen K, van Montfort T, Sanders RW. Enhanced immunogenicity of HIV-1 envelope gp140 proteins fused to APRIL. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107683. [PMID: 25247707 PMCID: PMC4172553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Current HIV-1 vaccines based on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein spike (Env), the only relevant target for broadly neutralizing antibodies, are unable to induce protective immunity. Env immunogenicity can be enhanced by fusion to costimulatory molecules involved in B cell activation, such as APRIL and CD40L. Here, we found that Env-APRIL signaled through the two receptors, BCMA and TACI. In rabbits, Env-APRIL induced significantly higher antibody responses against Env compared to unconjugated Env, while the antibody responses against the APRIL component were negligible. To extend this finding, we tested Env-APRIL in mice and found minimal antibody responses against APRIL. Furthermore, Env-CD40L did not induce significant anti-CD40L responses. Thus, in contrast to the 4-helix cytokines IL-21 and GM-CSF, the TNF-superfamily members CD40L and APRIL induced negligible autoantibodies. This study confirms and extends previous work and shows that fusion of Env-based immunogens to APRIL can improve Env immunogenicity and might help in designing HIV vaccines that induce protective humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Isik
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs van Montfort
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rogier W. Sanders
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Pelekanou V, Notas G, Kampa M, Tsentelierou E, Stathopoulos EN, Tsapis A, Castanas E. BAFF, APRIL, TWEAK, BCMA, TACI and Fn14 proteins are related to human glioma tumor grade: immunohistochemistry and public microarray data meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83250. [PMID: 24376672 PMCID: PMC3869762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are common and lethal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Genetic alterations, inflammatory and angiogenic processes have been identified throughout tumor progression; however, treatment still remains palliative for most cases. Biological research on parameters influencing cell survival, invasion and tumor heterogeneity identified several cytokines interfering in CNS inflammation, oxidative stress and malignant transformation, including TNF-superfamily (TNFSF) members. In this report we performed a meta-analysis of public gene-array data on the expression of a group of TNFSF ligands (BAFF, APRIL, TWEAK) and their receptors (BAFF-R, TACI, BCMA, Fn14) in gliomas. In addition, we investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the tumor cells' expression of these ligands and receptors in a series of 56 gliomas of different grade. We show that in IHC, BAFF and APRIL as well as their cognate receptors (BCMA, TACI) and Fn14 expression correlate with tumor grade. This result was not evidenced in micro-arrays meta-analysis. Finally, we detected for the first time Fn14, BAFF, BCMA and TACI in glioma-related vascular endothelium. Our data, combined with our previous report in glioma cell lines, suggest a role for these receptors and ligands in glioma biology and advance these molecules as potential markers for the classification of these tumors to the proliferative, angiogenic or stem-like molecular subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Pelekanou
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratories of Pathology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Notas
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | | - Andreas Tsapis
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
- INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; (4) Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Elias Castanas
- Laboratories of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
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Zhang Y, Kent JW, Olivier M, Ali O, Broeckel U, Abdou RM, Dyer TD, Comuzzie A, Curran JE, Carless MA, Rainwater DL, Göring HHH, Blangero J, Kissebah AH. QTL-based association analyses reveal novel genes influencing pleiotropy of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:2099-111. [PMID: 23418049 PMCID: PMC3769476 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a phenotype cluster predisposing to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We conducted a study to elucidate the genetic basis underlying linkage signals for multiple representative traits of MetS that we had previously identified at two significant QTLs on chromosomes 3q27 and 17p12. DESIGN AND METHODS We performed QTL-specific genomic and transcriptomic analyses in 1,137 individuals from 85 extended families that contributed to the original linkage. We tested in SOLAR association of MetS phenotypes with QTL-specific haplotype-tagging SNPs as well as transcriptional profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). RESULTS SNPs significantly associated with MetS phenotypes under the prior hypothesis of linkage mapped to seven genes at 3q27 and seven at 17p12. Prioritization based on biologic relevance, SNP association, and expression analyses identified two genes: insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) at 3q27 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 13B (TNFRSF13B) at 17p12. Prioritized genes could influence cell-cell adhesion and adipocyte differentiation, insulin/glucose responsiveness, cytokine effectiveness, plasma lipid levels, and lipoprotein densities. CONCLUSIONS Using an approach combining genomic, transcriptomic, and bioinformatic data we identified novel candidate genes for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- TOPS Obesity and Metabolic Research Center, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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17
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Chang Y, Wei W. [Progress in the study of BLyS and APRIL on regulating T cell responses in rheumatoid arthritis]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2013; 48:979-985. [PMID: 24133964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a tumor neurosis factor ligand superfamily, is an important factor of B cell survival and activation. However, BLyS also regulates T cell activation and survival, playing key roles in T cell-mediated autoimmune disorders. In the paper, we introduced the mechanisms of BLyS and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) regulating T cell responses and their roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China
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18
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Nys J, Smulski CR, Tardivel A, Willen L, Kowalczyk C, Donzé O, Huard B, Hess H, Schneider P. No evidence that soluble TACI induces signalling via membrane-expressed BAFF and APRIL in myeloid cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61350. [PMID: 23620746 PMCID: PMC3631189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cells express the TNF family ligands BAFF/BLyS and APRIL, which exert their effects on B cells at different stages of differentiation via the receptors BAFFR, TACI (Transmembrane Activator and CAML-Interactor) and/or BCMA (B Cell Maturation Antigen). BAFF and APRIL are proteins expressed at the cell membrane, with both extracellular and intracellular domains. Therefore, receptor/ligand engagement may also result in signals in ligand-expressing cells via so-called “reverse signalling”. In order to understand how TACI-Fc (atacicept) technically may mediate immune stimulation instead of suppression, we investigated its potential to activate reverse signalling through BAFF and APRIL. BAFFR-Fc and TACI-Fc, but not Fn14-Fc, reproducibly stimulated the ERK and other signalling pathways in bone marrow-derived mouse macrophages. However, these effects were independent of BAFF or APRIL since the same activation profile was observed with BAFF- or APRIL-deficient cells. Instead, cell activation correlated with the presence of high molecular mass forms of BAFFR-Fc and TACI-Fc and was strongly impaired in macrophages deficient for Fc receptor gamma chain. Moreover, a TACI-Fc defective for Fc receptor binding elicited no detectable signal. Although these results do not formally rule out the existence of BAFF or APRIL reverse signalling (via pathways not tested in this study), they provide no evidence in support of reverse signalling and point to the importance of using appropriate specificity controls when working with Fc receptor-expressing myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josquin Nys
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | - Aubry Tardivel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Laure Willen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Bertrand Huard
- Department of Patho-Immunology, Medical University Centre, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Hematology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Zhu J, Sun L, Lin S, Zhao R, Zhou L, Fang D, Chen L, Liu J, Shi W, Zhang L, Yuan S. BlyS is up-regulated by hypoxia and promotes migration of human breast cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2012; 31:31. [PMID: 22463935 PMCID: PMC3349571 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-31-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) in the survival of malignant B cells and the maintenance of normal B cell development and homeostasis has been intensively studied in the literature. However, the influence of BLyS on breast cancer progression remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia on BLyS regulation, cell migratory response to BLyS and the possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS In this study, we examined the role of BLyS in the migration of human breast cancer cells by transwell assay. We also explored whether BLyS and its receptors expressed in human breast cancer cell lines by immunofluorescence and Western Blotting. Then we detected the expression level of BLyS in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions by real time-PCR and Western Blotting. Pathways involved were confirmed by Western Blotting, immunofluorescence, transwell assay and luciferase assay. RESULTS According to our study, the expression level of BlyS was increased in human breast cancer cell lines in hypoxic conditions. Up-regulation of this protein led to activation and nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B p65. We also found that the number of migrated cells was increased in the presence of BLyS and inhibition of phosphorylation of Akt attenuated the enhanced migratory response. CONCLUSIONS It suggested that better understanding of BLyS, an immunopotentiator, may offer a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of human breast cancers. In addition, BLyS promoted breast cancer cells migration, underscoring the necessity of appropriate applications of immunopotentiators to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- National Nanjing New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Sensen Lin
- National Nanjing New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Renping Zhao
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Zhou
- National Nanjing New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Fang
- National Nanjing New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Wenting Shi
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- National Nanjing New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Peoples Republic of China
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Alexaki VI, Pelekanou V, Notas G, Venihaki M, Kampa M, Dessirier V, Sabour-Alaoui S, Stathopoulos EN, Tsapis A, Castanas E. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) activation exerts specific proinflammatory effects in normal human keratinocytes and is preferentially expressed in inflammatory skin pathologies. Endocrinology 2012; 153:739-49. [PMID: 22166983 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
TNFα is known to be expressed in human skin, regulating immune-related responses. Here we report that human normal skin keratinocytes express the members of the TNF superfamily members A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; TNFSF13), B cell-activating factor (BAFF; TNFSF13B), and their receptors, B cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) and transmembrane activator, calcium-modulator, and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI; TNFRSF13B), in a distinct spatial pattern. Our data show a differential expression of these molecules within epidermal layers and skin appendages, whereas the BAFF-specific receptor BAFFR (TNFRSF13C) is absent. Importantly, APRIL and BCMA but not BAFF or TACI are up-regulated in inflammatory skin lesions of psoriasis and squamous cell carcinomas. To explore the functional significance of this system in the skin, we assayed these receptors and ligands in cultured primary keratinocytes and HaCaT cells. We show that both cell types express BAFF, APRIL, BCMA, and TACI. Furthermore, APRIL and/or BAFF trigger nuclear factor-κB activation and IL-6 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression through functional BCMA receptors, an activation inhibited by anti-BCMA short hairpin RNA. However, BAFF and/or APRIL do not induce IL-8 or TNFα production. Our data advance BCMA as an inflammation-related TNFSFR member in keratinocytes, of potential importance in the management of inflammatory skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilia-Ismini Alexaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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Xu H, He X, Zhao W, Guo H, Shi Q, Zhu Y, Zhang X. CD256 can be found in antibody-mediated renal allograft rejection tissues. Clin Lab 2012; 58:411-418. [PMID: 22783569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD256 and CD257 belong to the TNFSF (Tumor necrosis factor superfamily), share closest homology structure, and can form functional heterotrimers. They may be involved in the progression of SLE (Systemic lupus erythematosus), RA (Rheumatoid arthritis), and other autoimmune disorders. In this present study, CD256 and some related molecules were detected and were investigated regarding the potential role of the CD256 signal during the development of renal allograft rejection. METHODS In 2009, 46 cases of renal allografts were collected, excised for evaluation of dysfunction, and 10 renal protocol biopsies with normal renal function were controlled. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was applied to detect CD256, CD257, C4d, CD138 and other related molecules. HistoQuest Analysis software and SPSS16.0 were used to read and analyse the results. RESULTS Pathological diagnosis was made according to Banff 2005 guidelines: antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) 15 cases, T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) 16 cases, and 15 unknown aetiology cases (UAC). IHC results showed that CD256, CD257, and receptors for B cell activating factor receptor (BAFF-R), B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), and transmembrane activator calcium modulator, and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) were expressed on the membrane/cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) in the ABMR and TCMR group, while these molecules were not or weakly expressed in UAC and protocol biopsies. CD257 strong staining could be seen in ABMR, CD256 strong staining in both BCMR and TCMR, and there was statistical significance compared with other groups (p < 0.05). The receptors BAFF-R, BCMA, and TACI all strongly stained in ABMR, TACI also stained strongly in TCMR, and there was statistical significance compared with other groups (p < 0.05). The CD138+ molecule could be found in the renal interstitium and membrane/cytoplasm of RTEC, the CD138 mean expression in ABMR was statistically higher than other groups (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis indicated that CD256 significantly correlated with BCMA, TACI, and CD138, while CD257 significantly correlated with BAFF-R, BCMA, TACI, and CD138. CONCLUSIONS CD256 can be found in ABMR tissues and may participate in the progression of ABMR together with CD257.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xu
- Urology Department, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
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22
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Demchenko YN, Glebov OK, Zingone A, Keats JJ, Bergsagel PL, Kuehl WM. Classical and/or alternative NF-kappaB pathway activation in multiple myeloma. Blood 2010; 115:3541-52. [PMID: 20053756 PMCID: PMC2867265 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-09-243535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations involving the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway are present in at least 17% of multiple myeloma (MM) tumors and 40% of MM cell lines (MMCLs). These mutations, which are apparent progression events, enable MM tumors to become less dependent on bone marrow signals that activate NF-kappaB. Studies on a panel of 51 MMCLs provide some clarification of the mechanisms through which these mutations act and the significance of classical versus alternative activation of NF-kappaB. First, only one mutation (NFKB2) selectively activates the alternative pathway, whereas several mutations (CYLD, NFKB1, and TACI) selectively activate the classical pathway. However, most mutations affecting NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK) levels (NIK, TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1&2, and CD40) activate the alternative but often both pathways. Second, we confirm the critical role of TRAF2 in regulating NIK degradation, whereas TRAF3 enhances but is not essential for cIAP1/2-mediated proteasomal degradation of NIK in MM. Third, using transfection to selectively activate the classical or alternative NF-kappaB pathways, we show virtually identical changes in gene expression in one MMCL, whereas the changes are similar albeit nonidentical in a second MMCL. Our results suggest that MM tumors can achieve increased autonomy from the bone marrow microenvironment by mutations that activate either NF-kappaB pathway.
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23
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Kanno Y, Sakurai D, Hase H, Kojima H, Kobata T. TACI induces cIAP1-mediated ubiquitination of NIK by TRAF2 and TANK to limit non-canonical NF-kappaB signaling. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2010; 30:121-32. [PMID: 20184394 DOI: 10.3109/10799891003634509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
B-cell-activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) is a critical factor for B-cell survival and maturation through non-canonical nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway, a NF-kappaB inducing kinase (NIK)-dependent pathway for the processing of NF-kappaB2 p100 to generate p52. While BAFF acts primarily through BAFF receptor (BAFF-R), the transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI), the other receptor for BAFF, is thought to serve as a negative regulator for B-cell responses. However, how TACI regulates NF-kappaB2 activity is largely unknown. In this study, we showed that constitutive activation of TACI signaling suppressed BAFF-R-mediated NF-kappaB2 p100 processing with the up-regulation of cellular inhibitors of apoptosis 1 (cIAP1) and TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF)-associated NF-kappaB activator (TANK). The ubiquitination of NIK by cIAP1 was inhibited by the expression of TRAF2 with physical binding to cIAP1. TANK deficiency by small interfering RNA (siRNA) impaired TACI-dependent inhibition of NF-kappaB2 p100 processing. TANK also inhibited TRAF2-mediated cIAP1 inactivation. Moreover, the recruitment of TRAF2 to TACI induced the ubiquitination of NIK. Taken together, the regulation of NIK by TACI through the interaction of TANK/TRAF2/cIAP1 plays a pivotal role in the suppression of non-canonical NF-kappaB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Kanno
- Department of Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
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24
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Reddy SK, Hu T, Gudivada R, Staines KA, Wright KE, Vickerstaff L, Kothlow S, Hunt LG, Butter C, Kaspers B, Young JR. The BAFF-Interacting receptors of chickens. Dev Comp Immunol 2008; 32:1076-1087. [PMID: 18395254 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2008.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2007] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The TNF superfamily cytokine BAFF has crucial roles in homoeostatic regulation of B cell populations in mammals. Similar effects on peripheral B cells have been reported for chicken as for mammalian BAFF. Unlike mammalian BAFF, chicken BAFF is produced by B cells, implying an autocrine loop and consequent differences in regulation of B cell homoeostasis. Understanding of these mechanisms requires investigation of BAFF-binding receptors in chickens. We identified and characterised chicken receptors BAFFR and TACI, but found that the gene encoding the third BAFF-binding receptor, BCMA, was disrupted, implying differences in mechanisms for maintenance of long-lived antibody responses. A BAFFR-Ig fusion protein expressed in vivo lowered B cell numbers, showing that it was functional under physiological conditions. We found changes in the ratio of BAFFR and TACI mRNAs in the bursa after hatch that may account for the altered requirements for B cell survival at this stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini K Reddy
- Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Newbury, Berkshire RG20 7NN, UK
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25
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Katsenelson N, Kanswal S, Puig M, Mostowski H, Verthelyi D, Akkoyunlu M. Synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides augment BAFF- and APRIL-mediated immunoglobulin secretion. Eur J Immunol 2007; 37:1785-95. [PMID: 17557373 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200636800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The B lymphocyte-activating factor belonging to TNF superfamily (BAFF) acts on B lymphocytes through BAFF receptor (BAFF-R), the transmembrane activator, calcium modulator, and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI), and the B cell maturation antigen (BCMA). Another cytokine, a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), only binds to TACI and BCMA. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of Toll-like receptor agonists (TLR-A) on the expression of BAFF/APRIL receptors by murine splenic B lymphocytes. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) and LPS strongly up-regulated TACI expression, while BAFF-R was only up-regulated by CpG ODN. CpG ODN pretreatment up-regulated TACI expression on follicular and marginal zone B lymphocytes and increased their responses to BAFF- and APRIL-mediated Ig secretion. TACI seemed to be playing a pivotal role in BAFF- or APRIL-induced Ig secretion because B lymphocytes from TACI-knockout mouse or the blocking of TACI with a neutralizing antibody resulted in total inhibition of IgA and IgG secretion in CpG ODN-pretreated and BAFF- or APRIL-stimulated B cells. Thus, CpG ODN-induced increase in TACI expression is likely to play an important role in Ig secretion following activation of B lymphocytes through TLR9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Katsenelson
- Laboratory of Bacterial Polysaccharides, Division of Bacterial Parasitic and Allergenic Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852-1448, USA
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26
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Treml LS, Carlesso G, Hoek KL, Stadanlick JE, Kambayashi T, Bram RJ, Cancro MP, Khan WN. TLR stimulation modifies BLyS receptor expression in follicular and marginal zone B cells. J Immunol 2007; 178:7531-9. [PMID: 17548587 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.12.7531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Through their differential interactions with B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), the three BLyS family receptors play central roles in B cell survival and differentiation. Recent evidence indicates BLyS receptor levels shift following BCR ligation, suggesting that activation cues can alter overall BLyS receptor profiles and thus ligand sensitivity. In this study, we show that TLR stimuli also alter BLyS receptor expression, but in contrast to BCR ligation, TLR9 and TLR4 signals, preferentially increase transmembrane activator calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) expression. Although both of these TLRs act through MyD88-dependent mechanisms to increase TACI expression, they differ in terms of their downstream mediators and the B cell subset affected. Surprisingly, only TLR4 relies on c-Rel and p50 to augment TACI expression, whereas TLR9 does not. Furthermore, although all follicular and marginal zone B cells up-regulate TACI in response to TLR9 stimulation, only marginal zone B cells and a subset of follicular B cells respond to TLR4. Finally, we find that both BLyS and APRIL enhance viability among quiescent and BCR-stimulated B cells. However, although BLyS enhances viability among TLR stimulated B cells, APRIL does not, suggesting that TACI but not BLyS receptor 3 may share survival promoting pathways with TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Treml
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 36th and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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27
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Keats JJ, Fonseca R, Chesi M, Schop R, Baker A, Chng WJ, Van Wier S, Tiedemann R, Shi CX, Sebag M, Braggio E, Henry T, Zhu YX, Fogle H, Price-Troska T, Ahmann G, Mancini C, Brents LA, Kumar S, Greipp P, Dispenzieri A, Bryant B, Mulligan G, Bruhn L, Barrett M, Valdez R, Trent J, Stewart AK, Carpten J, Bergsagel PL. Promiscuous mutations activate the noncanonical NF-kappaB pathway in multiple myeloma. Cancer Cell 2007; 12:131-44. [PMID: 17692805 PMCID: PMC2083698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 797] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Activation of NF-kappaB has been noted in many tumor types, however only rarely has this been linked to an underlying genetic mutation. An integrated analysis of high-density oligonucleotide array CGH and gene expression profiling data from 155 multiple myeloma samples identified a promiscuous array of abnormalities contributing to the dysregulation of NF-kappaB in approximately 20% of patients. We report mutations in ten genes causing the inactivation of TRAF2, TRAF3, CYLD, cIAP1/cIAP2 and activation of NFKB1, NFKB2, CD40, LTBR, TACI, and NIK that result primarily in constitutive activation of the noncanonical NF-kappaB pathway, with the single most common abnormality being inactivation of TRAF3. These results highlight the critical importance of the NF-kappaB pathway in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J. Keats
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Rafael Fonseca
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Marta Chesi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Roelandt Schop
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | - Wee-Joo Chng
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | - Rodger Tiedemann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Chang-Xin Shi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Michael Sebag
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | - Travis Henry
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Yuan-Xiao Zhu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Homer Fogle
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | | | - Catherine Mancini
- Hematological Malignancies Research Unit, Translational Genomics, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - Shaji Kumar
- Internal Medicine (Hematology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Philip Greipp
- Internal Medicine (Hematology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Barrett
- Hematological Malignancies Research Unit, Translational Genomics, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Riccardo Valdez
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Jeff Trent
- Hematological Malignancies Research Unit, Translational Genomics, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - A. Keith Stewart
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - John Carpten
- Hematological Malignancies Research Unit, Translational Genomics, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - P. Leif Bergsagel
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
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28
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Sundström M, Lejon K. Idd-linked genetic regulation of TACIhigh expressing B cells in NOD mice. J Autoimmun 2007; 29:116-24. [PMID: 17656068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2007.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2007] [Revised: 05/20/2007] [Accepted: 05/20/2007] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In NOD mice, B cells play a key role in the initiation of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. We have identified a novel NOD-specific B cell-related trait, i.e. the increased percentage of TACI(high)-expressing splenic B cells, by comparing NOD mice with non-autoimmune C57BL/6 mice. Using athymic NOD mice, we determined that this trait was T cell independent. We mapped the loci contributing to the increased proportion of TACI(high) expressing splenic B cells and found that the control of TACI expression was strongly linked to chromosome 1, in a region which includes the insulin-dependent diabetes (Idd) 5 loci. Moreover, another locus potentially involved was detected in the vicinity of Idd22 on chromosome 8. Interestingly, when analyzing age-dependent contribution to the obtained LOD scores we observed that the linkage to chromosome 8 was explained solely by mice > or =61 days of age, suggesting a temporal genetic regulation of TACI expression. In addition, analysis of genetic interaction between chromosome 1 and chromosome 8 indicated that the two loci acted in an additive fashion. Our findings corroborate the notion that B cell deviations contribute to type 1 diabetes development, and suggest a temporal regulation of TACI(high) expression, possibly influenced by the ongoing autoimmune process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Sundström
- Umeå University, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Immunology, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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29
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Moreaux J, Hose D, Jourdan M, Reme T, Hundemer M, Moos M, Robert N, Moine P, De Vos J, Goldschmidt H, Klein B. TACI expression is associated with a mature bone marrow plasma cell signature and C-MAF overexpression in human myeloma cell lines. Haematologica 2007; 92:803-11. [PMID: 17550853 PMCID: PMC2789280 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.10574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES BAFF and APRIL stimulate the growth of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. BAFF and APRIL share two receptors--TACI and BCMA--and BAFF binds to a third receptor, BAFF-R. We previously reported that TACI gene expression is bimodal in 18 human MM cell lines (HMCL), being either present or absent, unlike BCMA that is expressed on all HMCL. BAFF-R is lacking. TACI expression is a good indicator of a BAFF-binding receptor in HMCL. In primary MM cells, the level of TACI expression correlates with a characteristic phenotypic pattern: TACIhighMM cells resemble bone marrow plasma cells and TACIlow resemble plasmablasts. The aim of this study was to further characterize the role of TACI expression in MM DESIGN AND METHODS: Using gene expression profiling, we investigated whether these patterns are kept in TACI+ or TACI- HMCL. RESULTS Eighty genes/EST interrogated by Affymetrix microarrays were differentially expressed between TACI+ and TACI- HMCL, particularly c-maf, cyclin D2, and integrin beta7. Triggered by the finding that TACI and c-maf expressions correlate in TACI+ HMCL, we demonstrated that TACI activation influences c-maf expression: (i) activation of TACI by BAFF or APRIL increases c-maf, cyclin D2, and integrin beta7 gene expressions in TACI+ HMCL, (ii) blocking of autocrine BAFF/APRIL stimulation in some TACI+ HMCL by the TACI-Fc fusion protein reduces c-maf, cyclin D2, and integrin beta7 gene expression, (iii) nucleofection of siRNA to c-maf decreases c-maf mRNA levels and reduces the expression of cyclin D2 and integrin beta7 gene expressions, without affecting TACI expression INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS We conclude that TACI activation can upregulate c-maf expression which, in turn, controls cyclin D2, and integrin beta7 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Moreaux
- IRB, Institut de recherche en biothérapie
CHRU MontpellierUniversité Montpellier IHôpital Saint-Eloi 34000 Montpellier,FR
- Biothérapie des cellules souches normales et cancéreuses
INSERM : U847Institut de recherche en biothérapieUniversité Montpellier ICHRU MontpellierIRB - CHRU Saint-Eloi 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche 34295 MONTPELLIER Cedex 5,FR
| | - Dirk Hose
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V
Universitätsklinikum HeidelbergUniversitätsklinikum Heidelberg INF410 69115 Heidelberg,DE
| | - Michel Jourdan
- IRB, Institut de recherche en biothérapie
CHRU MontpellierUniversité Montpellier IHôpital Saint-Eloi 34000 Montpellier,FR
- Biothérapie des cellules souches normales et cancéreuses
INSERM : U847Institut de recherche en biothérapieUniversité Montpellier ICHRU MontpellierIRB - CHRU Saint-Eloi 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche 34295 MONTPELLIER Cedex 5,FR
| | - Thierry Reme
- IRB, Institut de recherche en biothérapie
CHRU MontpellierUniversité Montpellier IHôpital Saint-Eloi 34000 Montpellier,FR
- Biothérapie des cellules souches normales et cancéreuses
INSERM : U847Institut de recherche en biothérapieUniversité Montpellier ICHRU MontpellierIRB - CHRU Saint-Eloi 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche 34295 MONTPELLIER Cedex 5,FR
| | - Michael Hundemer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V
Universitätsklinikum HeidelbergUniversitätsklinikum Heidelberg INF410 69115 Heidelberg,DE
| | - Marion Moos
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V
Universitätsklinikum HeidelbergUniversitätsklinikum Heidelberg INF410 69115 Heidelberg,DE
| | - Nicolas Robert
- IRB, Institut de recherche en biothérapie
CHRU MontpellierUniversité Montpellier IHôpital Saint-Eloi 34000 Montpellier,FR
| | - Philippe Moine
- IRB, Institut de recherche en biothérapie
CHRU MontpellierUniversité Montpellier IHôpital Saint-Eloi 34000 Montpellier,FR
| | - John De Vos
- IRB, Institut de recherche en biothérapie
CHRU MontpellierUniversité Montpellier IHôpital Saint-Eloi 34000 Montpellier,FR
- Biothérapie des cellules souches normales et cancéreuses
INSERM : U847Institut de recherche en biothérapieUniversité Montpellier ICHRU MontpellierIRB - CHRU Saint-Eloi 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche 34295 MONTPELLIER Cedex 5,FR
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V
Universitätsklinikum HeidelbergUniversitätsklinikum Heidelberg INF410 69115 Heidelberg,DE
| | - Bernard Klein
- IRB, Institut de recherche en biothérapie
CHRU MontpellierUniversité Montpellier IHôpital Saint-Eloi 34000 Montpellier,FR
- Biothérapie des cellules souches normales et cancéreuses
INSERM : U847Institut de recherche en biothérapieUniversité Montpellier ICHRU MontpellierIRB - CHRU Saint-Eloi 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche 34295 MONTPELLIER Cedex 5,FR
- * Correspondence should be adressed to: Bernard Klein
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Abstract
Transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family that serves as a receptor for B-cell activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) and as a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). Although TACI is reported to function as a positive or negative regulator for B-cell responses, its roles remain elusive. Experiments using TACI siRNA into B cells indicated that TACI positively regulated APRIL-induced IgA production in collaboration with heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). Furthermore, TACI negatively regulated BAFF-induced B-cell proliferation and production of IgA and IgG. In addition, B cells treated with heparitinase to denature HSPG showed that HSPG is essential for APRIL-induced B-cell responses such as B-cell proliferation, IgG and IgA production, induction of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), and noncanonical NF-kappaB2. In contrast, phosphorylation of physiological AID kinase, protein kinase A (PKA), was dependent on TACI. Importantly, coligation of TACI and HSPG by specific antibodies, but not by TACI or HSPG ligation itself, could induce the phosphorylation of PKA and IgA production instead of APRIL. Our findings indicate that simultaneous binding of TACI and HSPG on B cells with APRIL is crucial for IgA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sakurai
- Department of Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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31
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Grant JR, Moise AR, Jefferies WA. Identification of a novel immunosubversion mechanism mediated by a virologue of the B-lymphocyte receptor TACI. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2007; 14:907-17. [PMID: 17538121 PMCID: PMC1951057 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00058-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
TACI (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand [CAML] interactor) is a part of a novel network of ligands and receptors involved in B-cell survival and isotype switching. The TACI protein mediates its effects through CAML, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein that controls Ca(2+) efflux. The adenovirus E3-6.7K protein prevents inflammatory responses and also confers resistance from a variety of apoptotic stimuli and maintains ER Ca(2+) homeostasis; however, the mechanism of action is unknown. Here, we provide evidence that E3-6.7K shares sequence homology with TACI and inhibits apoptosis and ER Ca(2+) efflux through an interaction with CAML, a Ca(2+)-modulating protein. We demonstrate a direct interaction between E3-6.7K and CAML and reveal that the two proteins colocalize in an ER-like compartment. Furthermore, the interaction between the two proteins is localized to the N-terminal domain of CAML and to a 22-amino-acid region near the C terminus of E3-6.7K termed the CAML-binding domain (CBD). Mutational analysis of the CBD showed that an interaction with CAML is required for E3-6.7K to inhibit thapsigargin-induced apoptosis and ER Ca(2+) efflux. E3-6.7K appears to be the first virologue of TACI to be identified. It targets CAML in a novel immunosubversive mechanism to alter ER Ca(2+) homeostasis, which consequently inhibits inflammation and protects infected cells from apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Grant
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, The Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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32
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Garibyan L, Lobito AA, Siegel RM, Call ME, Wucherpfennig KW, Geha RS. Dominant-negative effect of the heterozygous C104R TACI mutation in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). J Clin Invest 2007; 117:1550-7. [PMID: 17492055 PMCID: PMC1865037 DOI: 10.1172/jci31023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 02/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells from patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) who are heterozygous for transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI) mutation C104R, which abolishes ligand binding, fail to produce Igs in response to TACI ligand. It is not known whether this is due to haploinsufficiency or dominant interference. Using in vitro transfection assays, here we demonstrate that C104R and the corresponding murine TACI mutant, C76R, which also does not bind ligand, dominantly interfere with TACI signaling. This effect was dependent on preassociation of the mutants with WT TACI in the absence of ligand. The mutants did not interfere with ligand binding by WT TACI, suggesting that they may act by disrupting ligand-induced receptor rearrangement and signaling. This work demonstrates that TACI preassembles as an oligomeric complex prior to ligand binding and provides a mechanistic insight into how the heterozygous C104R TACI mutation can potentially lead to CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilit Garibyan
- Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Immunoregulation Unit, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adrian A. Lobito
- Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Immunoregulation Unit, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard M. Siegel
- Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Immunoregulation Unit, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew E. Call
- Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Immunoregulation Unit, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kai W. Wucherpfennig
- Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Immunoregulation Unit, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raif S. Geha
- Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Immunoregulation Unit, Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Daridon C, Devauchelle V, Hutin P, Le Berre R, Martins-Carvalho C, Bendaoud B, Dueymes M, Saraux A, Youinou P, Pers JO. Aberrant expression of BAFF by B lymphocytes infiltrating the salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 56:1134-44. [PMID: 17393395 DOI: 10.1002/art.22458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the cells that produce BAFF in the salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and to analyze BAFF receptor expression by local T and B lymphocytes. METHODS We used 3 methods to identify the source of BAFF: in situ hybridization of the transcripts for BAFF combined with staining of membrane markers, regular and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of cultured epithelial cells, and RT-PCR of sorted single-cell T and B lymphocytes eluted from salivary glands. Cells expressing TACI, BCMA, and B lymphocyte stimulator receptor 3 (BR-3) were disclosed by combining each specific staining of the receptors with each specific staining of the cells. The function of BAFF generated by epithelial cells on B lymphocytes was determined in short-term cocultures. RESULTS Transcripts for BAFF were seen in epithelial cells and infiltrating T lymphocytes and, for the first time, were detected in local B cells. It is interesting that BR-3 was present on these B cells but not on T cells. In contrast, TACI and, to a lesser degree, BCMA were observed on transitional B lymphocytes, whereas T lymphocytes were devoid of receptors for BAFF. Furthermore, this cytokine was shown to be functional, in that epithelial cell-bound BAFF extended the survival of normal B cells, but cell-free BAFF released in the supernatants did not. CONCLUSION These experiments establish that in primary SS, BAFF is produced not only by epithelial cells and T cells but also by B cells. The expression of receptors for BAFF would thus allow these receptors to participate in an autocrine pattern of self-stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capucine Daridon
- Laboratory of Immunology, Brest University Medical School Hospital, Brest, France
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Hondowicz BD, Alexander ST, Quinn WJ, Pagán AJ, Metzgar MH, Cancro MP, Erikson J. The role of BLyS/BLyS receptors in anti-chromatin B cell regulation. Int Immunol 2007; 19:465-75. [PMID: 17369193 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxm011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), also known as B cell-activating factor, is a key positive regulator of B cell homeostasis, and elevated levels of BLyS have been observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Given that anti-chromatin auto-antibodies are one of the hallmarks of SLE, we examined the role of BLyS and its receptors in the regulation of anti-chromatin B cells. We demonstrate that exogenous BLyS treatment leads to an increase in B cell numbers, particularly anti-chromatin B cells; yet, their localization in the spleen and auto-antibody production remain unaffected. We also examined transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI), BLyS receptor 3 (BR3) and B cell maturation antigen expression on anti-chromatin B cells before and after receiving T cell help. Interestingly, in the absence of T cell help, TACI expression is greater on immature anti-chromatin B cells compared with immature Tg(-) B cells, whereas BR3 levels are comparable. After receiving T cell help, the anti-chromatin B cells that have differentiated into short-lived plasma cells no longer express BR3 but retain TACI. These data suggest a novel role for TACI in anti-chromatin B cell homeostasis and differentiation.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/immunology
- Antibody Formation/drug effects
- Antibody Formation/immunology
- B-Cell Activating Factor/pharmacology
- B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor/genetics
- B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor/metabolism
- B-Cell Maturation Antigen/genetics
- B-Cell Maturation Antigen/metabolism
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/metabolism
- Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/genetics
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Receptors, CXCR5
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/metabolism
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/transplantation
- Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein/genetics
- Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Hondowicz
- The Wistar Institute, Room 276, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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35
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Schwaller J, Schneider P, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, McKee T, Myit S, Matthes T, Tschopp J, Donze O, Le Gal FA, Huard B. Neutrophil-derived APRIL concentrated in tumor lesions by proteoglycans correlates with human B-cell lymphoma aggressiveness. Blood 2007; 109:331-8. [PMID: 17190854 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-02-001800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A PRoliferation-Inducing TNF Ligand (APRIL) costimulates B-cell activation. When overexpressed in mice, APRIL induces B-cell neoplasia, reminiscent of human B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL). We analyzed APRIL expression in situ in human non-Hodgkin lymphomas. APRIL up-regulation was only observed in high-grade B-cell lymphomas, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and Burkitt lymphoma (BL). Up-regulation was seen in 46% and 20% of DLBCL and BL, respectively. In DLBCL, neutrophils, constitutively producing APRIL and infiltrating the tumor tissue, were the main cellular source of APRIL. Rare DLBCL cases showed a predominance of histiocytes or mesenchymal cells as APRIL source. APRIL secreted by neutrophils accumulated on tumor cells via proteoglycan binding. In addition to proteoglycans, DLBCL tumor cells expressed the APRIL signaling receptor, TACI and/or BCMA, indicating that these tumor cells are fully equipped to respond to APRIL. A retrospective clinical analysis revealed a significant correlation between high expression of APRIL in tumor lesions and decreased overall patient survival rate. Hence, APRIL produced by inflammatory cells infiltrating lymphoma lesions may increase tumor aggressiveness and affect disease outcome.
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MESH Headings
- B-Cell Maturation Antigen/metabolism
- Burkitt Lymphoma/metabolism
- Burkitt Lymphoma/mortality
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/metabolism
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/mortality
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/mortality
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Proteoglycans/metabolism
- Retrospective Studies
- Survival Analysis
- Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13/physiology
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Juerg Schwaller
- Department of Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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36
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Lyu MA, Cheung LH, Hittelman WN, Marks JW, Aguiar RCT, Rosenblum MG. The rGel/BLyS fusion toxin specifically targets malignant B cells expressing the BLyS receptors BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA. Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 6:460-70. [PMID: 17267661 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is crucial for B-cell survival, and the biological effects of BLyS are mediated by three cell surface receptors designated B cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R), transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI), and B-cell maturation antibody (BCMA). Increased expression of BLyS and its receptors has been identified in numerous B-cell malignancies. We generated a fusion toxin designated rGel/BLyS for receptor-mediated delivery of the recombinant gelonin (rGel) toxin to neoplastic B cells, and we characterized its activity against various B-cell tumor lines. Three mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cell lines (JeKo-1, Mino, and SP53) and two diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell lines (SUDHL-6 and OCI-Ly3) expressing all three distinct BLyS receptors were found to be the most sensitive to the fusion toxin (IC(50) = 2-5 pmol/L and 0.001-5 nmol/L for MCL and DLBCL, respectively). The rGel/BLyS fusion toxin showed specific binding to cells expressing BLyS receptors and rapid internalization of the rGel component into target cells. The cytotoxic effects of rGel/BLyS were inhibited by pretreatment with free BLyS or with soluble BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA decoy receptors. This suggests that the cytotoxic effects of the fusion toxin are mediated through BLyS receptors. The rGel/BLyS fusion toxin inhibited MCL cell growth through induction of apoptosis associated with caspase-3 activation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Our results suggest that BLyS has the potential to serve as an excellent targeting ligand for the specific delivery of cytotoxic molecules to neoplastic B cells expressing the BLyS receptors, and that the rGel/BLyS fusion toxin may be an excellent candidate for the treatment of B-cell malignancies especially MCL and DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ae Lyu
- Immunopharmacology and Targeted Therapy Section, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 0044, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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