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Wang XF, Sun YH. [Trends, challenges, and reflections on early-onset gastric cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 27:425-429. [PMID: 38778679 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20240329-00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Early onset gastric cancer (EOGC), as a distinct type of gastric cancer, has seen a gradually increasing incidence in recent years, imposing significant negative impacts on society and families, and has attracted widespread attention. EOGC presents a series of clinical characteristics, such as a higher prevalence among women, pathological types predominantly being poorly differentiated or undifferentiated, and Lauren classification often being diffuse, making it more prone to distant metastasis. However, the causes and mechanisms of its onset are not yet fully understood. Notably, about 10% of EOGC cases exhibit familial clustering and germline mutations in the Cadherin-1 (CDH1) or α-1 catenin (CTNNA1) genes, known as hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). These unique clinical features pose significant challenges for the diagnosis and treatment of EOGC. The core of treatment for early onset gastric cancer focuses on strong efficacy, function preservation, rehabilitation, and social reintegration. Clinically, a multidisciplinary approach and comprehensive treatment are essential, with equal emphasis on physiological and psychological aspects, balancing therapeutic effectiveness with functional outcomes, to benefit more patients with EOGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y H Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Quinn JM, Wang Y, Wood M, Flozak AS, Le PM, Yemelyanov A, Oakes PW, Gottardi CJ. α-catenin middle- and actin-binding domain unfolding mutants differentially impact epithelial strength and sheet migration. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar65. [PMID: 38507238 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-01-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
α-catenin (α-cat) displays force-dependent unfolding and binding to actin filaments through direct and indirect means, but features of adherens junction structure and function most vulnerable to loss of these allosteric mechanisms have not been directly compared. By reconstituting an α-cat F-actin-binding domain unfolding mutant known to exhibit enhanced binding to actin (α-cat-H0-FABD+) into α-cat knockout Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells, we show that partial loss of the α-cat catch bond mechanism (via an altered H0 α-helix) leads to stronger epithelial sheet integrity with greater colocalization between the α-cat-H0-FABD+ mutant and actin. α-cat-H0-FABD+ -expressing cells are less efficient at closing scratch-wounds, suggesting reduced capacity for more dynamic cell-cell coordination. Evidence that α-cat-H0-FABD+ is equally accessible to the conformationally sensitive α18 antibody epitope as WT α-cat and shows similar vinculin recruitment suggests this mutant engages lower tension cortical actin networks, as its M-domain is not persistently open. Conversely, α-cat-M-domain salt-bridge mutants with persistent recruitment of vinculin and phosphorylated myosin light chain show only intermediate monolayer adhesive strengths, but display less directionally coordinated and thereby slower migration speeds during wound-repair. These data show α-cat M- and FABD-unfolding mutants differentially impact cell-cell cohesion and migration properties, and suggest signals favoring α-cat-cortical actin interaction without persistent M-domain opening may improve epithelial monolayer strength through enhanced coupling to lower tension actin networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne M Quinn
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Yuou Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Megan Wood
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Annette S Flozak
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Phuong M Le
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Alex Yemelyanov
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Patrick W Oakes
- Department of Cell & Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153
| | - Cara J Gottardi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
- Cell & Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
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3
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Watanabe T, Honma Y, Yonemori K, Sunami K, Yoshimoto S, Mori T. High-grade intraductal carcinoma of the parotid gland harboring CTNNA1::ALK rearrangement: Changes in genetic status using genetic testing during treatment with an ALK inhibitor. Head Neck 2024; 46:E26-E31. [PMID: 38018800 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary gland carcinomas harboring anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements are rare. Here, we present the pathological characteristics, clinical course, and changes in the genetic status of a salivary gland carcinoma harboring a catenin alpha 1 (CTNNA1)::ALK rearrangement during treatment with an ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). METHODS A 59-year-old man with a parotid tumor and cervical lymph node metastases underwent total parotidectomy and radical neck dissection. One month after completion of postoperative radiotherapy, the patient experienced multiple recurrences. RESULTS Subsequent treatment with the ALK-TKI alectinib was initially effective against the intraductal carcinoma harboring CTNNA1::ALK rearrangement and TP53 mutation. However, 10 months later the patients' condition deteriorated, and an additional phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutation was detected. The patient ultimately succumbed to multiple organ failure. CONCLUSION The clinical course suggested the concurrent emergence of TP53 and PIK3CA mutations and ALK-TKI drug-selective growth of non-ALK rearrangement gene tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takane Watanabe
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honma
- Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Yonemori
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuniko Sunami
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshimoto
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang M, Xiong S, Gao D, Liu C, Xiao L. Tension regulates the cartilage phenotypic expression of endplate chondrocytes through the α-catenin/actin skeleton/Hippo pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18133. [PMID: 38332509 PMCID: PMC10853574 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of intracellular tension signaling in endplate chondrocytes and its impact on extracellular matrix synthesis. Human endplate chondrocytes were subjected to tension load using Flexcell FX-5000™, and changes in phenotype, morphology, and the expression of Hippo signaling pathway and α-Catenin were assessed through various techniques. Through the overexpression of YAP and inhibition of α-Catenin, the study clarified the intracellular tension signaling pathway and its regulation of extracellular matrix synthesis in endplate cartilage. In vitro-cultured human endplate chondrocytes significantly suppressed phenotype-related genes and proteins, accompanied by distinct changes in cytoskeleton morphology. Tension activation resulted in the substantial activation of the Hippo pathway, increased phosphorylation of YAP, and reduced nuclear translocation of YAP. YAP overexpression alleviated the inhibitory effect of tension on extracellular matrix synthesis in endplate chondrocytes. Tension also upregulated the expression of α-Catenin in endplate chondrocytes, which was attenuated by inhibiting α-Catenin expression, thereby reducing the impact of tension on cytoskeletal morphology and YAP nuclear translocation. Taken together, the α-Catenin/actin skeleton/Hippo-coupled network is a crucial signaling pathway for tension signaling in endplate chondrocytes, providing potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of endplate cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsYijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Shouliang Xiong
- Department of OrthopedicsYijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Daokuan Gao
- Department of Spine SurgeryYijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsYijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Liang Xiao
- Department of Spine SurgeryYijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
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Wang N, Xu X, Guan F, Zheng Y, Shou Y, Xu T, Shen G, Chen H, Lin Y, Cong W, Jin L, Zhu Z. α-Catenin promotes dermal fibroblasts proliferation and migration during wound healing via FAK/YAP activation. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23410. [PMID: 38193545 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302251r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a complex and organized biological process, and the dermal fibroblasts play a crucial role. α-Catenin is known to be involved in regulating various cellular signals, and its role in wound healing remains unclear. Here, we have identified the pivotal role of the α-catenin/FAK/YAP signaling axis in the proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts, which contributes to the process of skin wound healing. Briefly, when α-catenin was knocked down specifically in dermal fibroblasts, the wound healing rate is significantly delayed. Moreover, interfering with α-catenin can impede the proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the overexpression of α-catenin upregulates the nuclear accumulation of YAP and transcription of downstream target genes, resulting in enhanced the proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, the FAK Tyr397 phosphorylation inhibitor blocked the promoting effects of α-catenin on YAP activation. Importantly, the continuous phosphorylation mutation of FAK Tyr397 reversed the retardatory effects of α-catenin knockdown on wound healing, by increasing the vitality of fibroblasts. Likewise, α-catenin/FAK was validated as a therapeutic target for wound healing in the db/db chronic trauma model. In summary, our findings have revealed a novel mechanism by which α-catenin facilitates the function of fibroblasts through the activity of the FAK/YAP signaling axis. These findings define a promising therapeutic strategy for accelerating the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiejun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fangqian Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yeyi Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanni Shou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tianpeng Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiu Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
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Serre JM, Slabodnick MM, Goldstein B, Hardin J. SRGP-1/srGAP and AFD-1/afadin stabilize HMP-1/⍺-catenin at rosettes to seal internalization sites following gastrulation in C. elegans. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010507. [PMID: 36867663 PMCID: PMC10016700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of gastrulation is the establishment of germ layers by internalization of cells initially on the exterior. In C. elegans the end of gastrulation is marked by the closure of the ventral cleft, a structure formed as cells internalize during gastrulation, and the subsequent rearrangement of adjacent neuroblasts that remain on the surface. We found that a nonsense allele of srgp-1/srGAP leads to 10-15% cleft closure failure. Deletion of the SRGP-1/srGAP C-terminal domain led to a comparable rate of cleft closure failure, whereas deletion of the N-terminal F-BAR region resulted in milder defects. Loss of the SRGP-1/srGAP C-terminus or F-BAR domain results in defects in rosette formation and defective clustering of HMP-1/⍺-catenin in surface cells during cleft closure. A mutant form of HMP-1/⍺-catenin with an open M domain can suppress cleft closure defects in srgp-1 mutant backgrounds, suggesting that this mutation acts as a gain-of-function allele. Since SRGP-1 binding to HMP-1/⍺-catenin is not favored in this case, we sought another HMP-1 interactor that might be recruited when HMP-1/⍺-catenin is constitutively open. A good candidate is AFD-1/afadin, which genetically interacts with cadherin-based adhesion later during embryonic elongation. AFD-1/afadin is prominently expressed at the vertex of neuroblast rosettes in wildtype, and depletion of AFD-1/afadin increases cleft closure defects in srgp-1/srGAP and hmp-1R551/554A/⍺-catenin backgrounds. We propose that SRGP-1/srGAP promotes nascent junction formation in rosettes; as junctions mature and sustain higher levels of tension, the M domain of HMP-1/⍺-catenin opens, allowing maturing junctions to transition from recruitment of SRGP-1/srGAP to AFD-1/afadin. Our work identifies new roles for ⍺-catenin interactors during a process crucial to metazoan development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Serre
- Program in Genetics University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mark M. Slabodnick
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Knox University, Galesburg, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Bob Goldstein
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jeff Hardin
- Program in Genetics University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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Weng A, Rabin EE, Flozak AS, Chiarella SE, Aillon RP, Gottardi CJ. Alpha-T-catenin is expressed in peripheral nerves as a constituent of Schwann cell adherens junctions. Biol Open 2022; 11:bio059634. [PMID: 36420826 PMCID: PMC9793867 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The adherens junction component, alpha-T-catenin (αTcat) is an established contributor to cardiomyocyte junction structure and function, but recent genomic studies link CTNNA3 polymorphisms to diseases with no clear cardiac underpinning, including asthma, autism and multiple sclerosis, suggesting causal contributions from a different cell-type. We show Ctnna3 mRNA is highly expressed in peripheral nerves (e.g. vagus and sciatic), where αTcat protein enriches at paranodes and myelin incisure adherens junctions of Schwann cells. We validate αTcat immunodetection specificity using a new Ctnna3-knock-out fluorescence reporter mouse line yet find no obvious Schwann cell loss-of-function morphology at the light microscopic level. CTNNA3/Ctnna3 mRNA is also abundantly detected in oligodendrocytes of the central nervous system via public databases, supporting a general role for αTcat in these unique cell-cell junctions. These data suggest that the wide range of diseases linked to CTNNA3 may be through its role in maintaining neuroglial functions of central and peripheral nervous systems. This article has a corresponding First Person interview with the co-first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Weng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Erik E. Rabin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Annette S. Flozak
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sergio E. Chiarella
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Raul Piseaux Aillon
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Cara J. Gottardi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Cell & Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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8
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Serre JM, Lucas B, Martin SCT, Heier JA, Shao X, Hardin J. C. elegans srGAP is an α-catenin M domain-binding protein that strengthens cadherin-dependent adhesion during morphogenesis. Development 2022; 149:dev200775. [PMID: 36125129 PMCID: PMC10655919 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The cadherin-catenin complex (CCC) is central to embryonic development and tissue repair, yet how CCC binding partners function alongside core CCC components remains poorly understood. Here, we establish a previously unappreciated role for an evolutionarily conserved protein, the slit-robo GTPase-activating protein SRGP-1/srGAP, in cadherin-dependent morphogenetic processes in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. SRGP-1 binds to the M domain of the core CCC component, HMP-1/α-catenin, via its C terminus. The SRGP-1 C terminus is sufficient to target it to adherens junctions, but only during later embryonic morphogenesis, when junctional tension is known to increase. Surprisingly, mutations that disrupt stabilizing salt bridges in the M domain block this recruitment. Loss of SRGP-1 leads to an increase in mobility and decrease of junctional HMP-1. In sensitized genetic backgrounds with weakened adherens junctions, loss of SRGP-1 leads to late embryonic failure. Rescue of these phenotypes requires the C terminus of SRGP-1 but also other domains of the protein. Taken together, these data establish a role for an srGAP in stabilizing and organizing the CCC during epithelial morphogenesis by binding to a partially closed conformation of α-catenin at junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Serre
- Program in Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Bethany Lucas
- Department of Biology, Regis University, 3333 Regis Blvd., Denver, CO 80221, USA
| | - Sterling C. T. Martin
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jonathon A. Heier
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Xiangqiang Shao
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jeff Hardin
- Program in Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Abstract
Tricellular junctions play a critical role in regulating epithelial barrier function. In this issue, Cho et al. (2022. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202009037) demonstrate a novel interaction between tricellulin and α-catenin, which connects tricellular junctions to the actomyosin cytoskeleton, thus supporting the epithelial barrier at cell vertices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte van den Goor
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ann L. Miller
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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10
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Karpińska K, Gielata M, Gwiazdowska A, Boryń Ł, Kobielak A. Catulin Based Reporter System to Track and Characterize the Population of Invasive Cancer Cells in the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010140. [PMID: 35008571 PMCID: PMC8745103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and loco-regional metastasis. Partial or more complete epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a role in tumor progression; however, it remains a challenge to observe the EMT in vivo, due to its transient nature. Here, we developed a novel catulin promoter-based reporter system that allows us to isolate and characterize in vivo a small fraction of invasive cancer cells. The analyses of tumors revealed that Catulin-green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive cells were enriched in clusters of cells at the tumor invasion front. A functional genomic study unveiled genes involved in cellular movement and invasion providing a molecular profile of HNSCC invasive cells. This profile overlapped partially with the expression of signature genes related to the partial EMT available from the single cell analysis of human HNSCC specimens, highlighting the relevance of our data to the clinical disease progression state. Interestingly, we also observed upregulations of genes involved in axonal guidance-L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), neuropilin-1, semaphorins, and ephrins, indicating potential interactions of cancer cells and neuronal components of the stroma. Taken together, our data indicated that the catulin reporter system marked a population of invasive HNSCC cells with a molecular profile associated with cancer invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Karpińska
- Laboratory of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Mateusz Gielata
- Laboratory of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Gwiazdowska
- Laboratory of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Łukasz Boryń
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Tissue Development and Regeneration, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Kobielak
- Laboratory of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.G.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-55-43-735
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11
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Sugawara T, Furuse K, Otani T, Wakayama T, Furuse M. Angulin-1 seals tricellular contacts independently of tricellulin and claudins. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202005062. [PMID: 34269802 PMCID: PMC8289698 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202005062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tricellular tight junctions (tTJs) are specialized tight junctions (TJs) that seal the intercellular space at tricellular contacts (TCs), where the vertices of three epithelial cells meet. Tricellulin and angulin family membrane proteins are known constituents of tTJs, but the molecular mechanism of tTJ formation remains elusive. Here, we investigated the roles of angulin-1 and tricellulin in tTJ formation in MDCK II cells by genome editing. Angulin-1-deficient cells lost the plasma membrane contact at TCs with impaired epithelial barrier function. The C terminus of angulin-1 bound to the TJ scaffold protein ZO-1, and disruption of their interaction influenced the localization of claudins at TCs, but not the tricellular sealing. Strikingly, the plasma membrane contact at TCs was formed in tricellulin- or claudin-deficient cells. These findings demonstrate that angulin-1 is responsible for the plasma membrane seal at TCs independently of tricellulin and claudins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Sugawara
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Furuse
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tetsuhisa Otani
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Wakayama
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mikio Furuse
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
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Pavel M, Park SJ, Frake RA, Son SM, Manni MM, Bento CF, Renna M, Ricketts T, Menzies FM, Tanasa R, Rubinsztein DC. α-Catenin levels determine direction of YAP/TAZ response to autophagy perturbation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1703. [PMID: 33731717 PMCID: PMC7969950 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors regulating cellular identity are critical for understanding the transition from health to disease and responses to therapies. Recent literature suggests that autophagy compromise may cause opposite effects in different contexts by either activating or inhibiting YAP/TAZ co-transcriptional regulators of the Hippo pathway via unrelated mechanisms. Here, we confirm that autophagy perturbation in different cell types can cause opposite responses in growth-promoting oncogenic YAP/TAZ transcriptional signalling. These apparently contradictory responses can be resolved by a feedback loop where autophagy negatively regulates the levels of α-catenins, LC3-interacting proteins that inhibit YAP/TAZ, which, in turn, positively regulate autophagy. High basal levels of α-catenins enable autophagy induction to positively regulate YAP/TAZ, while low α-catenins cause YAP/TAZ activation upon autophagy inhibition. These data reveal how feedback loops enable post-transcriptional determination of cell identity and how levels of a single intermediary protein can dictate the direction of response to external or internal perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pavel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Immunology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - So Jung Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rebecca A Frake
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sung Min Son
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marco M Manni
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carla F Bento
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maurizio Renna
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Ricketts
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona M Menzies
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK
| | - Radu Tanasa
- Department of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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Sasaki E, Masago K, Fujita S, Suzuki H, Hanai N, Hosoda W. Salivary Secretory Carcinoma Harboring a Novel ALK Fusion: Expanding the Molecular Characterization of Carcinomas Beyond the ETV6 Gene. Am J Surg Pathol 2020; 44:962-969. [PMID: 32205481 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Secretory carcinoma (SC) of the salivary glands is a low-grade carcinoma characterized by a well-defined morphology and immunohistochemical features. ETV6-NTRK3 fusions are detected in the great majority of SCs. Recently, other partners fused to ETV6 have been documented in a small portion of SCs, suggesting the presence of alternative genetic fusion. In this study, we examined the genetic fusion of 9 SCs using fluorescence in situ hybridization, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing (ArcherDx). Classic ETV6 exon 5-NTRK3 exon 15 fusion was detected in 8 of 9 SCs. The remaining tumor was negative for the ETV6-NTRK3 fusion but harbored a novel fusion, CTNNA1 exon 11-ALK in exon 20. Immunohistochemically, pan-TRK was positive in 8 tumors with ETV6-NTRK3 fusion but negative in an ALK-rearranged SC, while ALK was positive only in the ALK-rearranged tumor. Histologically, the ALK-rearranged tumor showed dominant macrocystic architecture. In conclusion, we found a case of SC with CTNNA1-ALK fusion. Because ALK fusion after exon 20 on the ALK side (upstream of the tyrosine kinase domain) has been reported to activate a carcinogenic kinase in various ALK-rearranged tumors, ALK inhibitors may be a possible therapeutic option for ALK-rearranged SC. In addition, ALK immunohistochemistry can be a screening tool for ALK-rearranged SC. This study also expands the molecular spectrum of this tumor beyond the ETV6 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shiro Fujita
- Departments of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics
| | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hanai
- Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Waki Hosoda
- Departments of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics
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14
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Cassandri M, Butera A, Amelio I, Lena AM, Montanaro M, Mauriello A, Anemona L, Candi E, Knight RA, Agostini M, Melino G. ZNF750 represses breast cancer invasion via epigenetic control of prometastatic genes. Oncogene 2020; 39:4331-4343. [PMID: 32313225 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, largely due to the progression of a significant fraction of primary tumours to the metastatic stage. Here, we show that zinc-finger protein 750 (ZNF750) opposes the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by repressing a prometastatic transcriptional programme, which includes genes involved in focal adhesion and extracellular matrix interactions, such as LAMB3 and CTNNAL1. Mechanistically, ZNF750 recruits the epigenetic modifiers KDM1A and HDAC1 to the promoter regions of LAMB3 and CTNNAL1, influencing histone marks and transactivating these genomic sites. Gene expression analysis in cancer patient datasets indicated that ZNF750 and its targets were negative prognostic factors in breast cancer. Together, our findings shed light on the molecular mechanism by which ZNF750 regulates cell migration and invasion, suggesting a role in breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Butera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Department of Pathology, MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Montanaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Anemona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- IDI-IRCCS, via Monti di Creta, 106, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard A Knight
- Department of Pathology, MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Pathology, MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK.
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15
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Zhang J, Vincent KP, Peter AK, Klos M, Cheng H, Huang SM, Towne JK, Ferng D, Gu Y, Dalton ND, Chan Y, Li R, Peterson KL, Chen J, McCulloch AD, Knowlton KU, Ross RS. Cardiomyocyte Expression of ZO-1 Is Essential for Normal Atrioventricular Conduction but Does Not Alter Ventricular Function. Circ Res 2020; 127:284-297. [PMID: 32345129 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1), a plasma membrane-associated scaffolding protein regulates signal transduction, transcription, and cellular communication. Global deletion of ZO-1 in the mouse is lethal by embryonic day 11.5. The function of ZO-1 in cardiac myocytes (CM) is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the function of CM ZO-1 in the intact heart, given its binding to other CM proteins that have been shown instrumental in normal cardiac conduction and function. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated ZO-1 CM-specific knockout (KO) mice using α-Myosin Heavy Chain-nuclear Cre (ZO-1cKO) and investigated physiological and electrophysiological function by echocardiography, surface ECG and conscious telemetry, intracardiac electrograms and pacing, and optical mapping studies. ZO-1cKO mice were viable, had normal Mendelian ratios, and had a normal lifespan. Ventricular morphometry and function were not significantly different between the ZO-1cKO versus control (CTL) mice, basally in young or aged mice, or even when hearts were subjected to hemodynamic loading. Atrial mass was increased in ZO-1cKO. Electrophysiological and optical mapping studies indicated high-grade atrioventricular (A-V) block in ZO-1cKO comparing to CTL hearts. While ZO-1-associated proteins such as vinculin, connexin 43, N-cadherin, and α-catenin showed no significant change with the loss of ZO-1, Connexin-45 and Coxsackie-adenovirus (CAR) proteins were reduced in atria of ZO-1cKO. Further, with loss of ZO-1, ZO-2 protein was increased significantly in ventricular CM in a presumed compensatory manner but was still not detected in the AV nodal myocytes. Importantly, the expression of the sodium channel protein NaV1.5 was altered in AV nodal cells of the ZO-1cKO versus CTL. CONCLUSIONS ZO-1 protein has a unique physiological role in cardiac nodal tissue. This is in alignment with its known interaction with CAR and Cx45, and a new function in regulating the expression of NaV1.5 in AV node. Uniquely, ZO-1 is dispensable for function of the working myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Zhang
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kevin P Vincent
- Department of Bioengineering (K.P.V., A.D.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Angela K Peter
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Matthew Klos
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Selina M Huang
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jordan K Towne
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Debbie Ferng
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yusu Gu
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Nancy D Dalton
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yunghang Chan
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ruixia Li
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kirk L Peterson
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ju Chen
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Andrew D McCulloch
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Bioengineering (K.P.V., A.D.M.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Robert S Ross
- From the Department of Medicine (J.Z., A.K.P., M.K., H.C., S.M.H., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., J.K.T., D.F., Y.G., N.D.D., Y.C., R.L., K.L.P., J.C., A.D.M., R.S.R.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Veterans Administration Healthcare, Cardiology Section, San Diego, CA (R.S.R.)
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16
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Akbar R, Ullah K, Rahman TU, Cheng Y, Pang HY, Jin LY, Wang QJ, Huang HF, Sheng JZ. miR-183-5p regulates uterine receptivity and enhances embryo implantation. J Mol Endocrinol 2020; 64:43-52. [PMID: 31786540 DOI: 10.1530/jme-19-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Receptive endometrium is a prerequisite for successful embryo implantation, and it follows that poor endometrial receptivity is a leading cause of implantation failure. miRNAs play important roles as epigenetic regulators of endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation through post-transcriptional modifications. However, the mechanisms of action of many miRNAs are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of the miR-183 family, comprising three miRNAs (miR-183-5p, miR-182-5p, and miR-96-5p) in endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. The miR-183 family shows estrogen-dependent upregulation in endometrial Ishikawa (IK) cells. The miR-183 family also has a positive role in migration and proliferation of IK cells. Furthermore, JAr spheroid attachment experiments show that attachment rates were significantly decreased after treatment of IK cells with inhibitors for miR-183-5p and miR-182-5p and increased after treatment with miR-183-5p-mimic and miR-96-5p-mimic, respectively. The downstream analysis shows that catenin alpha 2 (CTNNA2) is a potential target gene for miR-183-5p, and this was confirmed in luciferase reporter assays. An in vivo mouse pregnancy model shows that inhibition of miR-183-5p significantly decreases embryo implantation rates and increases CTNNA2 expression. Downregulation of CTNNA2 in endometrial cells by miR-183-5p may be significant in mediating estrogenic effects on endometrial receptivity. In conclusion, miR-183-5p and the CTNNA2 gene may be potential biomarkers for endometrial receptivity and may be useful diagnostic and therapeutic targets for successful embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubab Akbar
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kamran Ullah
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Zoology, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tanzil Ur Rahman
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-Yan Pang
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu-Yang Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi-Jing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - He-Feng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Sheng
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Sarpal R, Yan V, Kazakova L, Sheppard L, Yu JC, Fernandez-Gonzalez R, Tepass U. Role of α-Catenin and its mechanosensing properties in regulating Hippo/YAP-dependent tissue growth. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008454. [PMID: 31697683 PMCID: PMC6863567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
α-catenin is a key protein of adherens junctions (AJs) with mechanosensory properties. It also acts as a tumor suppressor that limits tissue growth. Here we analyzed the function of Drosophila α-Catenin (α-Cat) in growth regulation of the wing epithelium. We found that different α-Cat levels led to a differential activation of Hippo/Yorkie or JNK signaling causing tissue overgrowth or degeneration, respectively. α-Cat can modulate Yorkie-dependent tissue growth through recruitment of Ajuba, a negative regulator of Hippo signaling to AJs but also through a mechanism independent of Ajuba recruitment to AJs. Both mechanosensory regions of α-Cat, the M region and the actin-binding domain (ABD), contribute to growth regulation. Whereas M is dispensable for α-Cat function in the wing, individual M domains (M1, M2, M3) have opposing effects on growth regulation. In particular, M1 limits Ajuba recruitment. Loss of M1 causes Ajuba hyper-recruitment to AJs, promoting tissue-tension independent overgrowth. Although M1 binds Vinculin, Vinculin is not responsible for this effect. Moreover, disruption of mechanosensing of the α-Cat ABD affects tissue growth, with enhanced actin interactions stabilizing junctions and leading to tissue overgrowth. Together, our findings indicate that α-Cat acts through multiple mechanisms to control tissue growth, including regulation of AJ stability, mechanosensitive Ajuba recruitment, and dynamic direct F-actin interactions. We explore the regulation of tissue and organ size which is an important consideration in normal development and health. During development, tissues reach specific sizes in proportion to the rest of the body. Uncontrolled growth can lead to malformations or promote tumor growth. Recent findings have emphasized an important role for mechanical cues in the regulation of tissue growth. Mechanical signals can, for example, arise from cytoskeletal contraction that increases tension, or from compression due to proliferation and a resulting increase in cell density that would lower tension. Mechanosensory molecules that are sensitive to changes in tissue tension can convert mechanical cues into biochemical signals that enhance or slow proliferation or cell death to adjust overall tissue size. One such mechanosensory molecule is α-Catenin which is a key component of cell adhesion structures that physically link cells together and couples these structures to the cytoskeleton within cells. We clarify several molecular parameters of how α-Catenin regulates signalling pathways that control cell proliferation and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Sarpal
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Yan
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lidia Kazakova
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luka Sheppard
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica C. Yu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalez
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ulrich Tepass
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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18
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Gul IS, Hulpiau P, Sanders E, van Roy F, van Hengel J. Armc8 is an evolutionarily conserved armadillo protein involved in cell-cell adhesion complexes through multiple molecular interactions. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180604. [PMID: 30482882 PMCID: PMC6680376 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Armadillo-repeat-containing protein 8 (Armc8) belongs to the family of armadillo-repeat containing proteins, which have been found to be involved in diverse cellular functions including cell-cell contacts and intracellular signaling. By comparative analyses of armadillo repeat protein structures and genomes from various premetazoan and metazoan species, we identified orthologs of human Armc8 and analyzed in detail the evolutionary relationship of Armc8 genes and their encoded proteins. Armc8 is a highly ancestral armadillo protein although not present in yeast. Consequently, Armc8 is not the human ortholog of yeast Gid5/Vid28.Further, we performed a candidate approach to characterize new protein interactors of Armc8. Interactions between Armc8 and specific δ-catenins (plakophilins-1, -2, -3 and p0071) were observed by the yeast two-hybrid approach and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization. We also showed that Armc8 interacts specifically with αE-catenin but neither with αN-catenin nor with αT-catenin. Degradation of αE-catenin has been reported to be important in cancer and to be regulated by Armc8. A similar process may occur with respect to plakophilins in desmosomes. Deregulation of desmosomal proteins has been considered to contribute to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sahin Gul
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paco Hulpiau
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Howest, University College West Flanders, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Ellen Sanders
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans van Roy
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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New Pachygyria Syndrome Linked to Actin Regulation Identified: When mutated, CTNNA2 leads to a new form of pachygyria that has a diffuse anterior-posterior gradient with cerebellar hypoplasia, thinning corpus callosum, and absent anterior commissure. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:2234-5. [PMID: 30537274 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.60672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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de Groot JS, Ratze MAK, van Amersfoort M, Eisemann T, Vlug EJ, Niklaas MT, Chin S, Caldas C, van Diest PJ, Jonkers J, de Rooij J, Derksen PWB. αE-catenin is a candidate tumor suppressor for the development of E-cadherin-expressing lobular-type breast cancer. J Pathol 2018; 245:456-467. [PMID: 29774524 PMCID: PMC6055824 DOI: 10.1002/path.5099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although mutational inactivation of E-cadherin (CDH1) is the main driver of invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC), approximately 10-15% of all ILCs retain membrane-localized E-cadherin despite the presence of an apparent non-cohesive and invasive lobular growth pattern. Given that ILC is dependent on constitutive actomyosin contraction for tumor development and progression, we used a combination of cell systems and in vivo experiments to investigate the consequences of α-catenin (CTNNA1) loss in the regulation of anchorage independence of non-invasive breast carcinoma. We found that inactivating somatic CTNNA1 mutations in human breast cancer correlated with lobular and mixed ducto-lobular phenotypes. Further, inducible loss of α-catenin in mouse and human E-cadherin-expressing breast cancer cells led to atypical localization of E-cadherin, a rounded cell morphology, and anoikis resistance. Pharmacological inhibition experiments subsequently revealed that, similar to E-cadherin-mutant ILC, anoikis resistance induced by α-catenin loss was dependent on Rho/Rock-dependent actomyosin contractility. Finally, using a transplantation-based conditional mouse model, we demonstrate that inducible inactivation of α-catenin instigates acquisition of lobular features and invasive behavior. We therefore suggest that α-catenin represents a bona fide tumor suppressor for the development of lobular-type breast cancer and as such provides an alternative event to E-cadherin inactivation, adherens junction (AJ) dysfunction, and subsequent constitutive actomyosin contraction. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien S de Groot
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Max AK Ratze
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Tanja Eisemann
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Eva J Vlug
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Mijanou T Niklaas
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Suet‐Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge Department of OncologyUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research CentreCambridgeUK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge Department of OncologyUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research CentreCambridgeUK
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Department of Molecular PathologyNetherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Johan de Rooij
- Department of Molecular Cancer ResearchUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Patrick WB Derksen
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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21
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Mykuliak VV, Haining AWM, von Essen M, del Río Hernández A, Hytönen VP. Mechanical unfolding reveals stable 3-helix intermediates in talin and α-catenin. PLoS Comput Biol 2018; 14:e1006126. [PMID: 29698481 PMCID: PMC5940241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stability is a key feature in the regulation of structural scaffolding proteins and their functions. Despite the abundance of α-helical structures among the human proteome and their undisputed importance in health and disease, the fundamental principles of their behavior under mechanical load are poorly understood. Talin and α-catenin are two key molecules in focal adhesions and adherens junctions, respectively. In this study, we used a combination of atomistic steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations, polyprotein engineering, and single-molecule atomic force microscopy (smAFM) to investigate unfolding of these proteins. SMD simulations revealed that talin rod α-helix bundles as well as α-catenin α-helix domains unfold through stable 3-helix intermediates. While the 5-helix bundles were found to be mechanically stable, a second stable conformation corresponding to the 3-helix state was revealed. Mechanically weaker 4-helix bundles easily unfolded into a stable 3-helix conformation. The results of smAFM experiments were in agreement with the findings of the computational simulations. The disulfide clamp mutants, designed to protect the stable state, support the 3-helix intermediate model in both experimental and computational setups. As a result, multiple discrete unfolding intermediate states in the talin and α-catenin unfolding pathway were discovered. Better understanding of the mechanical unfolding mechanism of α-helix proteins is a key step towards comprehensive models describing the mechanoregulation of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl V. Mykuliak
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Finland and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alexander William M. Haining
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Magdaléna von Essen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Finland and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Armando del Río Hernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AdRH); (VPH)
| | - Vesa P. Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Finland and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail: (AdRH); (VPH)
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22
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Jimenez-Caliani AJ, Pillich R, Yang W, Diaferia GR, Meda P, Crisa L, Cirulli V. αE-Catenin Is a Positive Regulator of Pancreatic Islet Cell Lineage Differentiation. Cell Rep 2018; 20:1295-1306. [PMID: 28793255 PMCID: PMC5611824 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and function of epithelia depend on the establishment and maintenance of cell-cell adhesion and intercellular junctions, which operate as mechanosensor hubs for the transduction of biochemical signals regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and regeneration. Here, we show that αE-catenin, a key component of adherens junctions, functions as a positive regulator of pancreatic islet cell lineage differentiation by repressing the sonic hedgehog pathway (SHH). Thus, deletion of αE-catenin in multipotent pancreatic progenitors resulted in (1) loss of adherens junctions, (2) constitutive activation of SHH, (3) decrease in islet cell lineage differentiation, and (4) accumulation of immature Sox9+ progenitors. Pharmacological blockade of SHH signaling in pancreatic organ cultures and in vivo rescued this defect, allowing αE-catenin-null Sox9+ pancreatic progenitors to differentiate into endocrine cells. The results uncover crucial functions of αE-catenin in pancreatic islet development and harbor significant implications for the design of β cell replacement and regeneration therapies in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Jimenez-Caliani
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Rheumatology, Diabetology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Pillich
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Yang
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Giuseppe R Diaferia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Meda
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura Crisa
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Vincenzo Cirulli
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Vuong-Brender TTK, Boutillon A, Rodriguez D, Lavilley V, Labouesse M. HMP-1/α-catenin promotes junctional mechanical integrity during morphogenesis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193279. [PMID: 29466456 PMCID: PMC5821396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) are key structures regulating tissue integrity and maintaining adhesion between cells. During morphogenesis, junctional proteins cooperate closely with the actomyosin network to drive cell movement and shape changes. How the junctions integrate the mechanical forces in space and in time during an in vivo morphogenetic event is still largely unknown, due to a lack of quantitative data. To address this issue, we inserted a functional Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based force biosensor within HMP-1/α-catenin of Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that the tension exerted on HMP-1 has a cell-specific distribution, is actomyosin-dependent, but is regulated differently from the tension on the actin cortex during embryonic elongation. By using time-lapse analysis of mutants and tissue-specific rescue experiments, we confirm the role of VAB-9/Claudin as an actin bundle anchor. Nevertheless, the tension exerted on HMP-1 did not increase in the absence of VAB-9/Claudin, suggesting that HMP-1 activity is not upregulated to compensate for loss of VAB-9. Our data indicate that HMP-1 does not modulate HMR-1/E-cadherin turnover, is required to recruit junctional actin but not stress fiber-like actin bundles. Altogether, our data suggest that HMP-1/α-catenin acts to promote the mechanical integrity of adherens junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Thi Kim Vuong-Brender
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (LBD—IBPS), Paris, France
- Development and Stem Cells Program, IGBMC, CNRS (UMR7104), INSERM (U964), Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, llkirch, France
| | - Arthur Boutillon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (LBD—IBPS), Paris, France
| | - David Rodriguez
- Development and Stem Cells Program, IGBMC, CNRS (UMR7104), INSERM (U964), Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, llkirch, France
| | - Vincent Lavilley
- Development and Stem Cells Program, IGBMC, CNRS (UMR7104), INSERM (U964), Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, llkirch, France
| | - Michel Labouesse
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (LBD—IBPS), Paris, France
- Development and Stem Cells Program, IGBMC, CNRS (UMR7104), INSERM (U964), Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, llkirch, France
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24
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Martinez-Garcia E, Lesur A, Devis L, Cabrera S, Matias-Guiu X, Hirschfeld M, Asberger J, van Oostrum J, Casares de Cal MDLÁ, Gómez-Tato A, Reventos J, Domon B, Colas E, Gil-Moreno A. Targeted Proteomics Identifies Proteomic Signatures in Liquid Biopsies of the Endometrium to Diagnose Endometrial Cancer and Assist in the Prediction of the Optimal Surgical Treatment. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6458-6467. [PMID: 28790116 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Endometrial cancer (EC) diagnosis relies on the observation of tumor cells in endometrial biopsies obtained by aspiration (i.e., uterine aspirates), but it is associated with 22% undiagnosed patients and up to 50% of incorrectly assigned EC histotype and grade. We aimed to identify biomarker signatures in the fluid fraction of these biopsies to overcome these limitations.Experimental Design: The levels of 52 proteins were measured in the fluid fraction of uterine aspirates from 116 patients by LC-PRM, the latest generation of targeted mass-spectrometry acquisition. A logistic regression model was used to assess the power of protein panels to differentiate between EC and non-EC patients and between EC histologic subtypes. The robustness of the panels was assessed by the "leave-one-out" cross-validation procedure performed within the same cohort of patients and an independent cohort of 38 patients.Results: The levels of 28 proteins were significantly higher in patients with EC (n = 69) compared with controls (n = 47). The combination of MMP9 and KPYM exhibited 94% sensitivity and 87% specificity for detecting EC cases. This panel perfectly complemented the standard diagnosis, achieving 100% of correct diagnosis in this dataset. Nine proteins were significantly increased in endometrioid EC (n = 49) compared with serous EC (n = 20). The combination of CTNB1, XPO2, and CAPG achieved 95% sensitivity and 96% specificity for the discrimination of these subtypes.Conclusions: We developed two uterine aspirate-based signatures to diagnose EC and classify tumors in the most prevalent histologic subtypes. This will improve diagnosis and assist in the prediction of the optimal surgical treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 23(21); 6458-67. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martinez-Garcia
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoine Lesur
- Luxembourg Clinical Proteomics Center (LCP), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Laura Devis
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Cabrera
- Gynecology Department, Vall Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Pathological Oncology Group and Pathology Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, and University Hospital Bellvitge, IRBLLEIDA and Idibell, University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Hirschfeld
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Asberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan van Oostrum
- Luxembourg Clinical Proteomics Center (LCP), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
| | | | - Antonio Gómez-Tato
- Faculty of Mathematics, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jaume Reventos
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
- Basic Sciences Department, International University of Catalonia, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bruno Domon
- Luxembourg Clinical Proteomics Center (LCP), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Eva Colas
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antonio Gil-Moreno
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
- Gynecology Department, Vall Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Kohutek ZA, Rosati LM, Hong J, Poling J, Attiyeh MA, Makohon-Moore A, Herman JM, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA. An unusual genomic variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with an indolent clinical course. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2017; 3:a001701. [PMID: 28679692 PMCID: PMC5495033 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a001701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe an 85-yr-old male of Ashkenazi Jewish descent with biopsy-proven locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). The patient underwent a modified course of gemcitabine and stereotactic body radiation therapy and survived for 42 mo with a stable pancreatic head mass and no evidence of metastatic disease before death due to complications from a stroke. Whole-exome sequencing of his tumor revealed a simple genome landscape with no evidence of mutations, copy-number changes, or structural alterations in genes most commonly associated with PDA (i.e., KRAS, CDKN2A, TP53, or SMAD4). An analysis of his germline DNA revealed no pathogenic variants of significance. Whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing identified a somatic mutation of RNF213 and an inversion/deletion of CTNNA2 as the genetic basis of his PDA. Although PDA is classically characterized by a predictable set of mutations, these data suggest that alternate genetic paths to PDA may exist, which can be associated with a more indolent clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Kohutek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Lauren M Rosati
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Junguei Hong
- Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Justin Poling
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Marc A Attiyeh
- Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | | | - Joseph M Herman
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
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Rizzato C, Campa D, Talar-Wojnarowska R, Halloran C, Kupcinskas J, Butturini G, Mohelníková-Duchoňová B, Sperti C, Tjaden C, Ghaneh P, Hackert T, Funel N, Giese N, Tavano F, Pezzilli R, Pedata M, Pasquali C, Gazouli M, Mambrini A, Souček P, di Sebastiano P, Capurso G, Cantore M, Oliverius M, Offringa R, Małecka-Panas E, Strobel O, Scarpa A, Canzian F. Association of genetic polymorphisms with survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:957-64. [PMID: 27497070 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline genetic variability might contribute, at least partially, to the survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. Two recently performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on PDAC overall survival (OS) suggested (P < 10(-5)) the association between 30 genomic regions and PDAC OS. With the aim to highlight the true associations within these regions, we analyzed 44 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 30 candidate regions in 1722 PDAC patients within the PANcreatic Disease ReseArch (PANDoRA) consortium. We observed statistically significant associations for five of the selected regions. One association in the CTNNA2 gene on chromosome 2p12 [rs1567532, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-2.58, P = 0.005 for homozygotes for the minor allele] and one in the last intron of the RUNX2 gene on chromosome 6p21 (rs12209785, HR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.80-0.98, P = 0.014 for heterozygotes) are of particular relevance. These loci do not coincide with those that showed the strongest associations in the previous GWAS. In silico analysis strongly suggested a possible mechanistic link between these two SNPs and pancreatic cancer survival. Functional studies are warranted to confirm the link between these genes (or other genes mapping in those regions) and PDAC prognosis in order to understand whether these variants may have the potential to impact treatment decisions and design of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmeri Rizzato
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery and
| | - Daniele Campa
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Christopher Halloran
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Giovanni Butturini
- Unit of Surgery B, The Pancreas Institute, Department of Surgery and Oncology, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Cosimo Sperti
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Christine Tjaden
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paula Ghaneh
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niccola Funel
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery and
| | - Nathalia Giese
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", S. Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Raffaele Pezzilli
- Pancreas Unit, Department of Digestive Disease, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Pasquali
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterology and Oncology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andrea Mambrini
- Oncological Department, ASL 1 Massa Carrara, Massa Carrara, Italy
| | - Pavel Souček
- Department of Oncology, Palacky University Medical School and Teaching Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pierluigi di Sebastiano
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Gabriele Capurso
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cantore
- Oncological Department, ASL 1 Massa Carrara, Massa Carrara, Italy
| | - Martin Oliverius
- Transplant Surgery Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rienk Offringa
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany and
| | - Ewa Małecka-Panas
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-NET, Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,
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Folmsbee SS, Budinger GRS, Bryce PJ, Gottardi CJ. The cardiomyocyte protein αT-catenin contributes to asthma through regulating pulmonary vein inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:123-129.e2. [PMID: 26947180 PMCID: PMC4931945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent genome-wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding the protein αT-catenin (CTNNA3) that correlate with both steroid-resistant atopic asthma and asthmatic exacerbations. α-Catenins are important mediators of cell-cell adhesion, and αT-catenin is predominantly expressed in cardiomyocytes. In the lung αT-catenin appears to be exclusively expressed in cardiomyocytes surrounding the pulmonary veins (PVs), but its contribution to atopic asthma remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to understand the role of αT-catenin in asthma pathogenesis. METHODS We used αT-catenin knockout mice and a house dust mite (HDM) extract model of atopic asthma, with assessment by means of forced oscillation, bronchoalveolar lavage, and histologic analysis. RESULTS We found that the genetic loss of αT-catenin in mice largely attenuated HDM-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Mice lacking αT-catenin that were exposed to HDM extract had reduced PV inflammation, specifically near the large veins surrounded by cardiac cells. The proximity of the airways to PVs correlated with the severity of airway goblet cell metaplasia, suggesting that PVs can influence the inflammatory milieu of adjacent airways. Loss of αT-catenin led to compensatory upregulation of αE-catenin, which itself has a defined anti-inflammatory function. CONCLUSION These data mechanistically support previous clinical and genetic associations between αT-catenin and the development of atopic asthma and suggest that PVs might have an underappreciated role in allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sai Folmsbee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Driskill Graduate Training Program in Life Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - G R Scott Budinger
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Paul J Bryce
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Cara J Gottardi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
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He B, Li T, Guan L, Liu FE, Chen XM, Zhao J, Lin S, Liu ZZ, Zhang HQ. CTNNA3 is a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinomas and is inhibited by miR-425. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8078-89. [PMID: 26882563 PMCID: PMC4884977 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and leading cause of death worldwide. Here, we identified that a cell-cell adhesion gene, CTNNA3, is a tumor suppressor in HCC. CTNNA3 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cell lines. In these cells, CTNNA3 inhibited Akt signal, and in turn decreased the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the matrix metallopeptidase MMP-9, and increased the cell cycle inhibitor p21(Cip1/Waf1). Meanwhile, CTNNA3 is inhibited by miR-425 in HCC. The miR-425 directly bound to the 3'UTR of CTNNA3 and inhibited its expression. The tumor suppressor function of CTNNA3 and the oncogenic function of miR-425 were further confirmed in HCC cell xenograft in nude mice. The miR-425/CTNNA3 axis may provide insights into the mechanisms underlying HCC, and contribute to potential therapeutic strategy of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions/genetics
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- alpha Catenin/genetics
- alpha Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing He
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Lei Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Fang-E Liu
- The Center of Basic Medicine Teaching Experiments, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medicine University (FMMU), Xi'an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Song Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Hu-Qin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
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29
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Abstract
The aging kidney undergoes structural and functional alterations which make it more susceptible to drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Previous studies in our lab have shown that the expression of α(E)-catenin is decreased in aged kidney and loss of α(E)-catenin potentiates AKI-induced apoptosis, but not necrosis, in renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E cells). However, the specific apoptotic pathway underlying the increased AKI-induced cell death is not yet understood. In this study, cells were challenged with nephrotoxicant cisplatin to induce AKI. A ~5.5-fold increase in Fas expression in C2 (stable α(E)-catenin knockdown) relative to NT3 (non-targeted control) cells was seen. Increased caspase-8 and -9 activation was induced by cisplatin in C2 as compared to NT3 cells. In addition, decreased Bcl-2 expression and increased BID cleavage and cytochrome C release were detected in C2 cells after cisplatin challenge. Treating the cells with cisplatin, in combination with a Bcl-2 inhibitor, decreased the viability of NT3 cells to the same level as C2 cells after cisplatin. Furthermore, caspase-3/-7 activation is blocked by Fas, caspase-8, caspase-9 and pan-caspase inhibitors. These inhibitors also completely abolished the difference in viability between NT3 and C2 cells in response to cisplatin. These results demonstrate a Fas-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway that is enhanced by the age-dependent loss of α(E)-catenin in renal tubule epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Wang
- Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, MA 415 Medical Sciences Building, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
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30
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Tekola-Ayele F, Doumatey AP, Shriner D, Bentley AR, Chen G, Zhou J, Fasanmade O, Johnson T, Oli J, Okafor G, Eghan BA, Agyenim-Boateng K, Adebamowo C, Amoah A, Acheampong J, Adeyemo A, Rotimi CN. Genome-wide association study identifies African-ancestry specific variants for metabolic syndrome. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 116:305-13. [PMID: 26507551 PMCID: PMC5292212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of metabolic disorders that increase the risk of developing several diseases including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified variants associated with individual traits comprising MetS, the genetic basis and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the clustering of these traits remain unclear. We conducted GWAS of MetS in 1427 Africans from Ghana and Nigeria followed by replication testing and meta-analysis in another continental African sample from Kenya. Further replication testing was performed in an African American sample from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. We found two African-ancestry specific variants that were significantly associated with MetS: SNP rs73989312[A] near CA10 that conferred increased risk (P=3.86 × 10(-8), OR=6.80) and SNP rs77244975[C] in CTNNA3 that conferred protection against MetS (P=1.63 × 10(-8), OR=0.15). Given the exclusive expression of CA10 in the brain, our CA10 finding strengthens previously reported link between brain function and MetS. We also identified two variants that are not African specific: rs76822696[A] near RALYL associated with increased MetS risk (P=7.37 × 10(-9), OR=1.59) and rs7964157[T] near KSR2 associated with reduced MetS risk (P=4.52 × 10(-8), Pmeta=7.82 × 10(-9), OR=0.53). The KSR2 locus displayed pleiotropic associations with triglyceride and measures of blood pressure. Rare KSR2 mutations have been reported to be associated with early onset obesity and insulin resistance. Finally, we replicated the LPL and CETP loci previously found to be associated with MetS in Europeans. These findings provide novel insights into the genetics of MetS in Africans and demonstrate the utility of conducting trans-ethnic disease gene mapping studies for testing the cosmopolitan significance of GWAS signals of cardio-metabolic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasil Tekola-Ayele
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Shriner
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Johnnie Oli
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | | | - Benjami A Eghan
- University of Science and Technology, Department of Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Clement Adebamowo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert Amoah
- University of Ghana Medical School, Department of Medicine, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Acheampong
- University of Science and Technology, Department of Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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31
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McGeachie MJ, Wu AC, Tse SM, Clemmer GL, Sordillo J, Himes BE, Lasky-Su J, Chase RP, Martinez FD, Weeke P, Shaffer CM, Xu H, Denny JC, Roden DM, Panettieri RA, Raby BA, Weiss ST, Tantisira KG. CTNNA3 and SEMA3D: Promising loci for asthma exacerbation identified through multiple genome-wide association studies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1503-1510. [PMID: 26073756 PMCID: PMC4676949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma exacerbations are a major cause of morbidity and medical cost. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify genetic predictors of exacerbations in asthmatic subjects. METHODS We performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of acute asthma exacerbation in 2 pediatric clinical trials: the Childhood Asthma Management Program (n = 581) and the Childhood Asthma Research and Education (n = 205) network. Acute asthma exacerbations were defined as treatment with a 5-day course of oral steroids. We obtained a replication cohort from Biobank of Vanderbilt University Medical Center (BioVU; n = 786), the Vanderbilt University electronic medical record-linked DNA biobank. We used CD4(+) lymphocyte genome-wide mRNA expression profiling to identify associations of top single nucleotide polymorphisms with mRNA abundance of nearby genes. RESULTS A locus in catenin (cadherin-associated protein), alpha 3 (CTNNA3), reached genome-wide significance (rs7915695, P = 2.19 × 10(-8); mean exacerbations, 6.05 for minor alleles vs 3.71 for homozygous major alleles). Among the 4 top single nucleotide polymorphisms replicated in BioVU, rs993312 in Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), short basic domain, secreted, (semaphorin) 3D (SEMA3D) was significant (P = .0083) and displayed stronger association among African Americans (P = .0004 in BioVU [mean exacerbations, 3.91 vs 1.53]; P = .0089 in the Childhood Asthma Management Program [mean exacerbations, 6.0 vs 3.25]). CTNNA3 variants did not replicate in BioVU. A regulatory variant in the CTNNA3 locus was associated with CTNNA3 mRNA expression in CD4(+) cells from asthmatic patients (P = .00079). CTNNA3 appears to be active in the immune response, and SEMA3D has a plausible role in airway remodeling. We also provide a replication of a previous association of purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7 (P2RX7), with asthma exacerbation. CONCLUSIONS We identified 2 loci associated with exacerbations through a genome-wide association study. CTNNA3 met genome-wide significance thresholds, and SEMA3D replicated in a clinical biobank database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J McGeachie
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass.
| | - Ann C Wu
- Center for Child Health Care Studies, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Sze Man Tse
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - George L Clemmer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Joanne Sordillo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Blanca E Himes
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Robert P Chase
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Peter Weeke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Hua Xu
- Health Science Center at Houston, University of Texas, Houston, Tex
| | - Josh C Denny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Dan M Roden
- Office of Personalized Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Airways Biology Initiative, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Benjamin A Raby
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Kelan G Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
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32
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Lee HB, He Y, Yang GS, Oh JA, Ha JS, Song OH, Lee DJ, Jung SC, Kim KK, Kim K, Kim H. Determination of C-Terminal δ-Catenin Responsible for Inducing Dendritic Morphogenesis. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:5589-5592. [PMID: 26369122 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.10460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
δ-Catenin induces dendritic morphogenesis in several cells and it was reported that deletion of C-terminal 207 amino acid of δ-catenin completely abolished the dendritic morphogenesis. However, exact domain responsible for inducing dendritic morphogenesis in C-terminus of δ-catenin was not mapped. Here, we report that expression of ΔC47 (lacking 47 amino acid of C-terminus: 1-1200), ΔC77 (lacking 77 amino acid of C-terminus: 1-1170) deletion mutants of δ-catenin induced the dendritic morphogenesis of HEK293T and NIH3T3 cells as full-length δ-catenin did. In agreement with previous report, ΔC207 deletion mutant did not show the dendritic morphogenesis of the cells. Interestingly, introducing 107 amino acid deletion of C-terminus (ΔC107 mutant: 1-1140) and 177 amino acid deletion of C-terminus (ΔC177 mutant: 1-1070) showed limited primary and secondary dendritic process and notable spine-like process formation. These results suggest that 1140-1170 amino acid of C-terminal δ-catenin is required for primary and secondary dendrite-like process formation.
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33
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Qian J, Chen XX, Qian W, Yang J, Wen XM, Ma JC, Deng ZQ, Qian Z, Zhang YY, Lin J. Aberrant hypermethylation of CTNNA1 gene is associated with higher IPSS risk in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Clin Chem Lab Med 2015; 52:1859-65. [PMID: 25153418 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2014-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CTNNA1 gene is a putative tumor suppressor for its roles in inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Aberrant expression of CTNNA1 is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms including both promoter methylation and histone deacetylation in hematopoietic malignancies. However, the clinical relevance of CTNNA1 methylation remains rarely known in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). METHODS We investigated the methylation status of CTNNA1 promoter using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and analyzed its clinical significance in Chinese MDS patients. RESULTS Aberrant hypermethylation of CTNNA1 gene was identified in 22% (18/83) of the patients. CTNNA1 expression was significantly correlated with promoter methylation status (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the age, sex, and blood parameters between patients with and without CTNNA1 hypermethylation (p>0.05). The frequency of CTNNA1 hypermethylation was significantly higher in patients with isolated del(5q) (3/4, 75%) than those with other abnormal karyotypes (4/23, 17%) and also than those with normal karyotypes (11/54, 20%) (p=0.042 and 0.040, respectively). The patients with higher IPSS risks (Int-2/High) had significantly increased incidence of CTNNA1 methylation than those with lower risks (Low/Int-1) (36% vs. 15%, p=0.049). Although the estimated 50% survival time of the CTNNA1-methylated group [median 13 months, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3-22 months] was shorter than that of CTNNA1-unmethylated group (median 24 months, 95% CI 7-41 months), the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.330). CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm that aberrant CTNNA1 methylation is a common event and is associated with higher IPSS risk in MDS.
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Kreiseder B, Holper-Schichl YM, Muellauer B, Jacobi N, Pretsch A, Schmid JA, de Martin R, Hundsberger H, Eger A, Wiesner C. Alpha-catulin contributes to drug-resistance of melanoma by activating NF-κB and AP-1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119402. [PMID: 25793618 PMCID: PMC4368766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer accounting for 48,000 deaths worldwide each year and an average survival rate of about 6-10 months with conventional treatment. Tumor metastasis and chemoresistance of melanoma cells are reported as the main reasons for the insufficiency of currently available treatments for late stage melanoma. The cytoskeletal linker protein α-catulin (CTNNAL1) has been shown to be important in inflammation, apoptosis and cytoskeletal reorganization. Recently, we found an elevated expression of α-catulin in melanoma cells. Ectopic expression of α-catulin promoted melanoma progression and occurred concomitantly with the downregulation of E-cadherin and the upregulation of mesenchymal genes such as N-cadherin, Snail/Slug and the matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. In the current study we showed that α-catulin knockdown reduced NF-κB and AP-1 activity in malignant melanoma cells. Further, downregulation of α-catulin diminished ERK phosphorylation in malignant melanoma cells and sensitized them to treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs. In particular, cisplatin treatment led to decreased ERK-, JNK- and c-Jun phosphorylation in α-catulin knockdown melanoma cells, which was accompanied by enhanced apoptosis compared to control cells. Altogether, these results suggest that targeted inhibition of α-catulin may be used as a viable therapeutic strategy to chemosensitize melanoma cells to cisplatin by down-regulation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvonne M Holper-Schichl
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Nico Jacobi
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | | | - Johannes A. Schmid
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer de Martin
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Hundsberger
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Andreas Eger
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Christoph Wiesner
- SeaLife Pharma GmbH, Tulln, Austria
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Krems, Austria
- * E-mail:
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35
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Gavilan MP, Arjona M, Zurbano A, Formstecher E, Martinez-Morales JR, Bornens M, Rios RM. Alpha-catenin-dependent recruitment of the centrosomal protein CAP350 to adherens junctions allows epithelial cells to acquire a columnar shape. PLoS Biol 2015; 13:e1002087. [PMID: 25764135 PMCID: PMC4357431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial morphogenesis involves a dramatic reorganisation of the microtubule cytoskeleton. How this complex process is controlled at the molecular level is still largely unknown. Here, we report that the centrosomal microtubule (MT)-binding protein CAP350 localises at adherens junctions in epithelial cells. By two-hybrid screening, we identified a direct interaction of CAP350 with the adhesion protein α-catenin that was further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. Block of epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin)-mediated cell-cell adhesion or α-catenin depletion prevented CAP350 localisation at cell-cell junctions. Knocking down junction-located CAP350 inhibited the establishment of an apico-basal array of microtubules and impaired the acquisition of columnar shape in Madin-Darby canine kidney II (MDCKII) cells grown as polarised epithelia. Furthermore, MDCKII cystogenesis was also defective in junctional CAP350-depleted cells. CAP350-depleted MDCKII cysts were smaller and contained either multiple lumens or no lumen. Membrane polarity was not affected, but cortical microtubule bundles did not properly form. Our results indicate that CAP350 may act as an adaptor between adherens junctions and microtubules, thus regulating epithelial differentiation and contributing to the definition of cell architecture. We also uncover a central role of α-catenin in global cytoskeleton remodelling, in which it acts not only on actin but also on MT reorganisation during epithelial morphogenesis. In epithelial cells, the normally centrosomal protein CAP350 binds to α-catenin at adherens junctions and helps to establish the cells' parallel apico-basal microtubule array and columnar shape. Epithelia cover all the surfaces of and the cavities throughout the body and serve as barriers between the organism and its external environment. Epithelial differentiation requires the coordination in space and time of several mechanisms that ultimately lead to the acquisition of distinctive epithelial features, including apical-basal polarity, specialised cell-cell junctions, and columnar shape. Epithelial differentiation also induces the reorganisation of three cytoskeletal networks: actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. In simple epithelia, cadherins and their cytoplasmic binding partners catenins play a crucial role in connecting cell-cell junctions to the actin cytoskeleton. The cadherin extracellular domain forms adhesive contacts between adjacent cells, and their cytoplasmic tail indirectly binds the actin-binding protein α-catenin, thus linking cell-cell junctions to the underlying actin cytoskeleton. We report here an additional role of α-catenin in remodelling microtubules during epithelial differentiation. In most epithelial cells, microtubules are organised as parallel bundles aligned along the apico-basal axis and as apical and basal plasma membrane-associated networks. We demonstrate that the microtubule-binding protein CAP350, which is only localised at the centrosome in most cells, is also recruited at cell–cell junctions in epithelial cells through its binding to α-catenin. In the absence of junctional CAP350, microtubules are unable to reorganise in bundles, and cells do not acquire columnar shape. Our results suggest that recruitment of centrosomal proteins to cell-cell junctions could be a general mechanism to control microtubule reorganisation in neighbour cells during epithelial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P. Gavilan
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marina Arjona
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Angel Zurbano
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Rosa M. Rios
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
- * E-mail:
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Robinson
- Freelance Science Writer, Sherborn, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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37
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Kim TJ, Zheng S, Sun J, Muhamed I, Wu J, Lei L, Kong X, Leckband DE, Wang Y. Dynamic visualization of α-catenin reveals rapid, reversible conformation switching between tension states. Curr Biol 2015; 25:218-224. [PMID: 25544608 PMCID: PMC4302114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cytosolic protein α-catenin is a postulated force transducer at cadherin complexes. The demonstration of force activation, identification of consequent downstream events in live cells, and development of tools to study these dynamic processes in living cells are central to elucidating the role of α-catenin in cellular mechanics and tissue function. Here we demonstrate that α-catenin is a force-activatable mechanotransducer at cell-cell junctions by using an engineered α-catenin conformation sensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). This sensor reconstitutes α-catenin-dependent functions in α-catenin-depleted cells and recapitulates the behavior of the endogenous protein. Dynamic imaging of cells expressing the sensor demonstrated that α-catenin undergoes immediate, reversible conformation switching in direct response to different mechanical perturbations of cadherin adhesions. Combined magnetic twisting cytometry with dynamic FRET imaging revealed rapid, local conformation switching upon the mechanical stimulation of specific cadherin bonds. At acutely stretched cell-cell junctions, the immediate, reversible conformation change further reveals that α-catenin behaves like an elastic spring in series with cadherin and actin. The force-dependent recruitment of vinculin—a principal α-catenin effector—to junctions requires the vinculin binding site of the α-catenin sensor. In cells, the relative rates of force-dependent α-catenin conformation switching and vinculin recruitment reveal that α-catenin activation and vinculin recruitment occur sequentially, rather than in a concerted process, with vinculin accumulation being significantly slower. This engineered α-catenin sensor revealed that α-catenin is a reversible, stretch-activatable sensor that mechanically links cadherin complexes and actin and is an indispensable player in cadherin-specific mechanotransduction at intercellular junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Jin Kim
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Integrative and Molecular Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ismaeel Muhamed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lei Lei
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Xinyu Kong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Deborah E Leckband
- Department of Bioengineering and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Yingxiao Wang
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Integrative and Molecular Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Nichols LA, Slusarz A, Grunz-Borgmann EA, Parrish AR. α(E)-catenin regulates BMP-7 expression and migration in renal epithelial cells. Am J Nephrol 2014; 39:409-17. [PMID: 24818804 DOI: 10.1159/000362250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging kidney has a decreased ability to repair following injury. We have shown a loss in expression of α-catenin in the aging rat kidney and hypothesize that decreased α-catenin expression in tubular epithelial cells results in diminished repair capacity. METHODS In an effort to elucidate alterations due to the loss of α-catenin, we generated NRK-52E cell lines with stable knockdown of α(E)-catenin. RESULTS α(E)-catenin knockdown resulted in decreased wound repair due to alterations in cell migration. Analysis of gene expression in the α(E)-catenin knockdown cells demonstrated almost a complete loss of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) expression that was associated with decreased phospho-Smad1/5/8 staining. However, addition of exogenous BMP-7 increased phospho-Smad1/5/8, suggesting that the BMP-7 pathway remained intact in C2 cells. Given the potential role of BMP-7 in repair, we investigated its role in wound repair. Inhibition of BMP-7 decreased repair in non-targeted control cells; conversely, exogenous BMP-7 restored repair in α(E)-catenin knockdown cells to control levels. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the data suggests that the loss of α(E)-catenin expression and subsequent downregulation of BMP-7 is a mechanism underlying the altered migration of tubular epithelial cells that contributes to the inability of the aging kidney to repair following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaNita A Nichols
- Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo., USA
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39
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Børglum AD, Demontis D, Grove J, Pallesen J, Hollegaard MV, Pedersen CB, Hedemand A, Mattheisen M, Uitterlinden A, Nyegaard M, Ørntoft T, Wiuf C, Didriksen M, Nordentoft M, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M, Ophoff RA, Cichon S, Yolken RH, Hougaard DM, Mortensen PB, Mors O. Genome-wide study of association and interaction with maternal cytomegalovirus infection suggests new schizophrenia loci. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:325-33. [PMID: 23358160 PMCID: PMC3932405 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2013.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and environmental components as well as their interaction contribute to the risk of schizophrenia, making it highly relevant to include environmental factors in genetic studies of schizophrenia. This study comprises genome-wide association (GWA) and follow-up analyses of all individuals born in Denmark since 1981 and diagnosed with schizophrenia as well as controls from the same birth cohort. Furthermore, we present the first genome-wide interaction survey of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and maternal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The GWA analysis included 888 cases and 882 controls, and the follow-up investigation of the top GWA results was performed in independent Danish (1396 cases and 1803 controls) and German-Dutch (1169 cases, 3714 controls) samples. The SNPs most strongly associated in the single-marker analysis of the combined Danish samples were rs4757144 in ARNTL (P=3.78 × 10(-6)) and rs8057927 in CDH13 (P=1.39 × 10(-5)). Both genes have previously been linked to schizophrenia or other psychiatric disorders. The strongest associated SNP in the combined analysis, including Danish and German-Dutch samples, was rs12922317 in RUNDC2A (P=9.04 × 10(-7)). A region-based analysis summarizing independent signals in segments of 100 kb identified a new region-based genome-wide significant locus overlapping the gene ZEB1 (P=7.0 × 10(-7)). This signal was replicated in the follow-up analysis (P=2.3 × 10(-2)). Significant interaction with maternal CMV infection was found for rs7902091 (P(SNP × CMV)=7.3 × 10(-7)) in CTNNA3, a gene not previously implicated in schizophrenia, stressing the importance of including environmental factors in genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Grove
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - J Pallesen
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M V Hollegaard
- Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C B Pedersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Hedemand
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Mattheisen
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - GROUP investigators
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- For a full list of members, see Appendix
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Mathematical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Synaptic transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Manheim, Germany
- Department of Medical Genetics and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Nyegaard
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Ørntoft
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - C Wiuf
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Mathematical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Didriksen
- Synaptic transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - M Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M M Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - M Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Manheim, Germany
| | - R A Ophoff
- Department of Medical Genetics and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Cichon
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - R H Yolken
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D M Hougaard
- Section of Neonatal Screening and Hormones, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P B Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - O Mors
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
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White RA, Neiman JM, Reddi A, Han G, Birlea S, Mitra D, Dionne L, Fernandez P, Murao K, Bian L, Keysar SB, Goldstein NB, Song N, Bornstein S, Han Z, Lu X, Wisell J, Li F, Song J, Lu SL, Jimeno A, Roop DR, Wang XJ. Epithelial stem cell mutations that promote squamous cell carcinoma metastasis. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:4390-404. [PMID: 23999427 DOI: 10.1172/jci65856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) originate in stratified epithelia, with a small subset becoming metastatic. Epithelial stem cells are targets for driver mutations that give rise to SCCs, but it is unknown whether they contribute to oncogenic multipotency and metastasis. We developed a mouse model of SCC by targeting two frequent genetic mutations in human SCCs, oncogene Kras(G12D) activation and Smad4 deletion, to mouse keratin 15-expressing (K15+) stem cells. We show that transgenic mice developed multilineage tumors, including metastatic SCCs. Among cancer stem cell-enriched (CSC-enriched) populations, those with increased side population (SP) cells correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and lung metastasis. We show that microRNA-9 (miR-9) contributed to SP expansion and metastasis, and miR-9 inhibition reduced the number of SP cells and metastasis. Increased miR-9 was detected in metastatic human primary SCCs and SCC metastases, and miR-9-transduced human SCC cells exhibited increased invasion. We identified α-catenin as a predominant miR-9 target. Increased miR-9 in human SCC metastases correlated with α-catenin loss but not E-cadherin loss. Our results demonstrate that stem cells with Kras(G12D) activation and Smad4 depletion can produce tumors that are multipotent and susceptible to EMT and metastasis. Additionally, tumor initiation and metastatic properties of CSCs can be uncoupled, with miR-9 regulating the expansion of metastatic CSCs.
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Yuan Z, Zhang W, Tan W. A labile pool of IQGAP1 disassembles endothelial adherens junctions. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:13377-90. [PMID: 23807500 PMCID: PMC3742192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140713377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion molecules are known to play an important role in endothelial activation and angiogenesis. Here we determined the functional role of IQGAP1 in the regulation of endothelial adherens junctions. VE-cadherin is found to be associated with actin filaments and thus stable, but IQGAP1 at intercellular junctions is not bound to actin filaments and thus labile. Expression of GFP labeled VE-α-catenin is shown to increase the electrical resistance across HUVEC monolayers and diminishes endogenous labile IQGAP1 at the intercellular junctions. Knockdown of endogenous IQGAP1 enhances intercellular adhesion in HUVECs by increasing the association of VE-cadherin with P120 and β-catenin. IQGAP1 knockdown also decreases the interaction of N-cadherin with P120 and β-catenin. Together, these results suggest that a labile pool of IQGAP1 at intercellular junctions disassembles adherens junctions and thus impairs endothelial cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China; E-Mail:
| | - Wentao Zhang
- School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; E-Mail:
- Nanotides Inc., 401 Professional Drive, Suite 130, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +86-020-3938-0669
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42
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Ishiyama N, Tanaka N, Abe K, Yang YJ, Abbas YM, Umitsu M, Nagar B, Bueler SA, Rubinstein JL, Takeichi M, Ikura M. An autoinhibited structure of α-catenin and its implications for vinculin recruitment to adherens junctions. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:15913-25. [PMID: 23589308 PMCID: PMC3668747 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.453928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Catenin is an actin- and vinculin-binding protein that regulates cell-cell adhesion by interacting with cadherin adhesion receptors through β-catenin, but the mechanisms by which it anchors the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton at adherens junctions remain unclear. Here we determined crystal structures of αE-catenin in the autoinhibited state and the actin-binding domain of αN-catenin. Together with the small-angle x-ray scattering analysis of full-length αN-catenin, we deduced an elongated multidomain assembly of monomeric α-catenin that structurally and functionally couples the vinculin- and actin-binding mechanisms. Cellular and biochemical studies of αE- and αN-catenins show that αE-catenin recruits vinculin to adherens junctions more effectively than αN-catenin, partly because of its higher affinity for actin filaments. We propose a molecular switch mechanism involving multistate conformational changes of α-catenin. This would be driven by actomyosin-generated tension to dynamically regulate the vinculin-assisted linkage between adherens junctions and the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noboru Ishiyama
- From the Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute and
| | - Nobutoshi Tanaka
- the Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kentaro Abe
- the Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoo Jeong Yang
- From the Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute and
| | - Yazan M. Abbas
- the Department of Biochemistry and Groupe de Recherche Axe sur la Structure des Proteines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada, and
| | - Masataka Umitsu
- From the Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute and
| | - Bhushan Nagar
- the Department of Biochemistry and Groupe de Recherche Axe sur la Structure des Proteines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada, and
| | - Stephanie A. Bueler
- the Molecular Structure and Function Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute and
| | - John L. Rubinstein
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- the Molecular Structure and Function Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute and
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | | | - Mitsuhiko Ikura
- From the Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute and
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
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43
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Stirbat TV, Mgharbel A, Bodennec S, Ferri K, Mertani HC, Rieu JP, Delanoë-Ayari H. Fine tuning of tissues' viscosity and surface tension through contractility suggests a new role for α-catenin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52554. [PMID: 23390488 PMCID: PMC3563668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
What governs tissue organization and movement? If molecular and genetic approaches are able to give some answers on these issues, more and more works are now giving a real importance to mechanics as a key component eventually triggering further signaling events. We chose embryonic cell aggregates as model systems for tissue organization and movement in order to investigate the origin of some mechanical constraints arising from cells organization. Steinberg et al. proposed a long time ago an analogy between liquids and tissues and showed that indeed tissues possess a measurable tissue surface tension and viscosity. We question here the molecular origin of these parameters and give a quantitative measurement of adhesion versus contractility in the framework of the differential interfacial tension hypothesis. Accompanying surface tension measurements by angle measurements (at vertexes of cell-cell contacts) at the cell/medium interface, we are able to extract the full parameters of this model: cortical tensions and adhesion energy. We show that a tunable surface tension and viscosity can be achieved easily through the control of cell-cell contractility compared to cell-medium one. Moreover we show that -catenin is crucial for this regulation to occur: these molecules appear as a catalyser for the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton underneath cell-cell contact, enabling a differential contractility between the cell-medium and cell-cell interface to take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomita Vasilica Stirbat
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Abbas Mgharbel
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Selena Bodennec
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Karine Ferri
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Hichem C. Mertani
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Rieu
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Hélène Delanoë-Ayari
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Coloboma is a congenital disease that contributes significantly to childhood blindness. It results from the failure in closing the optic fissure, a transient opening on the ventral side of the developing eye. Although human and mouse genetic studies have identified a number of genes associated with coloboma, the detailed cellular mechanisms underlying the optic fissure closure and coloboma formation remain largely undefined. N-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion has been shown to be important for the optic fissure closure in zebrafish, but it remains to be determined experimentally how cell-cell adhesions are involved in the mammalian optic fissure closing process. α-catenin is required for cell adhesion mediated by all of the classic cadherin molecules, including N-cadherin. In this study, we used the Cre-mediated conditional knockout technique to specifically delete α-catenin from the developing mouse eye to show that it is required for the successful closing of the optic fissure. In α-catenin conditional mutant optic cups, the major cell fates, including the optic fissure margin, neural retina and retinal pigmented epithelium, are specified normally, and the retinal progenitor cells proliferate normally. However, adherens junctions components, including N-cadherin, β-catenin and filamentous actin, fail to accumulate on the apical side of α-catenin mutant retinal progenitor cells, where adherens junctions are normally abundant, and the organization of the neural retina and the optic fissure margin is disrupted. Finally, the α-catenin mutant retina gradually degenerates in the adult mouse eye. Therefore, our results show that α-catenin-mediated cell adhesion and cell organization are important for the fissure closure in mice, and further suggest that genes that regulate cell adhesion may underlie certain coloboma cases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Chen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SC); (TX)
| | - Brandy Lewis
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Andrea Moran
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ting Xie
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SC); (TX)
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Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) comprise the most common types of human epithelial cancers. One subtype, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), is a particularly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and lymph node metastasis. Of all the processes involved in carcinogenesis, local invasion and distant metastasis are clinically the most relevant, but are the least well understood on a molecular level. Here, we find that in vivo, the α-catenin homologue-α-catulin, a protein originally reported to interact with Lbc Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is highly expressed at the tumor invasion front and in the metastatic streams of cells in both malignant hHNSCCs and a mouse model of oral SCC. Knockdown of α-catulin in hHNSCC cell lines dramatically decrease the migratory and invasive potential of those cells in vitro and metastatic potential in xenotransplants in vivo. Analysis of tumors deficient in α-catulin showed that the tumor cells are unable to invade the surrounding stroma. Accordingly, transcriptional profiling of those tumors revealed that α-catulin ablation is accompanied by changes in genes involved in cell migration and invasion. Interestingly enough, in vitro experiments show that an upregulation of α-catulin expression correlates with the transition of tumor cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal morphology, as well as an upregulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers vimentin and snail. Overall, these results strongly indicate that α-catulin contributes to the invasive behavior of metastatic cells and may be used as a prognostic marker and future therapeutic target for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norris Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Tyberghein K, Goossens S, Haigh JJ, van Roy F, van Hengel J. Tissue-wide overexpression of alpha-T-catenin results in aberrant trophoblast invasion but does not cause embryonic mortality in mice. Placenta 2012; 33:554-60. [PMID: 22534068 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional activation of CTNNA3, encoding αT-catenin, by the Y153H mutated form of the human STOX1 transcription factor was proposed to be responsible for altered fetal trophoblast invasion into the maternal endometrium during placentation in pre-eclampsia. Here we have generated a mouse model to investigate the in vivo effects of ectopic αT-catenin expression on trophoblast invasion. Histological analysis was used to determine the invasive capacities of trophoblasts from transgenic embryos, as well as proliferation rates of spongiotrophoblasts in the junctional zone. Augmented expression of αT-catenin reduced the number of invading trophoblasts but did not cause embryonic mortality. The, αT-catenin positive cells could still invade into the decidual layer and migrated as deeply as wild-type trophoblasts. Furthermore, the junctional zone is enlarged in placentas of mice overexpressing αT-catenin due to hyperproliferation of the residing spongiotrophoblasts, suggesting a pivotal role of αT-catenin levels in the control of the proliferative versus invasive state of trophoblasts during placentation. Our study provides, for the first time, in vivo data on the effects of increased levels of αT-catenin in the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tyberghein
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
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47
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Sunyakumthorn P, Petchampai N, Kearney MT, Sonenshine DE, Macaluso KR. Molecular characterization and tissue-specific gene expression of Dermacentor variabilis α-catenin in response to rickettsial infection. Insect Mol Biol 2012; 21:197-204. [PMID: 22221256 PMCID: PMC3299920 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Alpha catenin is a cytoskeleton protein that acts as a regulator of actin rearrangement by forming an E-cadherin adhesion complex. In Dermacentor variabilis, a putative α-catenin (Dvα-catenin) was previously identified as differentially regulated in ovaries of ticks chronically infected with Rickettsia montanensis. To begin characterizing the role(s) of Dvα-catenin during rickettsial infection, the full-length Dvα-catenin cDNA was cloned and analysed. Comparative sequence analysis demonstrates a 3069-bp cDNA with a 2718-bp open reading frame with a sequence similar to Ixodes scapularisα-catenin. A portion of Dvα-catenin is homologous to the vinculin-conserved domain containing a putative actin-binding region and β-catenin-binding and -dimerization regions. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR analysis demonstrated that Dvα-catenin is predominantly expressed in tick ovaries and is responsive to tick feeding. The tissue-specific gene expression analysis of ticks exposed to Rickettsia demonstrates that Dvα-catenin expression was significantly downregulated 12 h after exposure to R. montanensis, but not in Rickettsia amblyommii-exposed ovaries, compared with Rickettsia-unexposed ticks. Studying tick-derived molecules associated with rickettsial infection will provide a better understanding of the transmission dynamics of tick-borne rickettsial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyanate Sunyakumthorn
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Skip Bertman Drive, SVM-3213, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Natthida Petchampai
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Skip Bertman Drive, SVM-3213, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Michael T. Kearney
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Skip Bertman Drive, SVM-3213, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Daniel E. Sonenshine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529
| | - Kevin R. Macaluso
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Skip Bertman Drive, SVM-3213, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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Xiang Y, Qin XQ, Liu HJ, Tan YR, Liu C, Liu CX. Identification of transcription factors regulating CTNNAL1 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31158. [PMID: 22359570 PMCID: PMC3281047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion molecules play important roles in airway hyperresponsiveness or airway inflammation. Our previous study indicated catenin alpha-like 1 (CTNNAL1), an alpha-catenin-related protein, was downregulated in asthma patients and animal model. In this study, we observed that the expression of CTNNAL1 was increased in lung tissue of the ozone-stressed Balb/c mice model and in acute ozone stressed human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC). In order to identify the possible DNA-binding proteins regulating the transcription of CTNNAL1 gene in HBEC, we designed 8 oligo- nucleotide probes corresponding to various regions of the CTNNAL1 promoter in electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). We detected 5 putative transcription factors binding sites within CTNNAL1 promoter region that can recruit LEF-1, AP-2α and CREB respectively by EMSA and antibody supershift assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay verified that AP-2 α and LEF-1 could be recruited to the CTNNAL1 promoter. Therefore we further analyzed the functions of putative AP-2 and LEF-1 sites within CTNNAL1 promoter by site-directed mutagenesis of those sites within pGL3/FR/luc. We observed a reduction in human CTNNAL1 promoter activity of mutants of both AP-2α and LEF-1 sites. Pre-treatment with ASOs targeting LEF-1and AP-2α yielded significant reduction of ozone-stress-induced CTNNAL1 expression. The activation of AP-2α and LEF-1, followed by CTNNAL1 expression, showed a correlation during a 16-hour time course. Our data suggest that a robust transcriptional CTNNAL1 up-regulation occurs during acute ozone-induced stress and is mediated at least in part by ozone-induced recruitments of LEF-1 and AP-2α to the human CTNNAL1 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Qun Qin
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Hui-Jun Liu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Rong Tan
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cai-Xia Liu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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49
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Smith JD, Meehan MH, Crean J, McCann A. Alpha T-catenin (CTNNA3): a gene in the hand is worth two in the nest. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:2493-8. [PMID: 21598020 PMCID: PMC11114981 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-T-Catenin (CTNNA3) is a key protein of the adherens junctional complex in epithelial cells playing a crucial role in cellular adherence. What makes this gene particularly interesting is that it is located within a common fragile site, is epigenetically regulated, is transcribed through multiple promoters, and generates a variety of alternate transcripts. Finally, CTNNA3 has a nested gene (LRTMM3) embedded within its genomic context transcribed in the opposite direction. Apart from the complexity of its regulation, alterations in both CTNNA3 and LRTMM3 are implicated in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Smith
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (UCD SMMS), University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Maria H. Meehan
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (UCD SMMS), University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - John Crean
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences (UCD SBBS), University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Amanda McCann
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (UCD SMMS), University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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50
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Zaidel-Bar R, Joyce MJ, Lynch AM, Witte K, Audhya A, Hardin J. The F-BAR domain of SRGP-1 facilitates cell-cell adhesion during C. elegans morphogenesis. J Cell Biol 2010; 191:761-9. [PMID: 21059849 PMCID: PMC2983056 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201005082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Robust cell-cell adhesion is critical for tissue integrity and morphogenesis, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling cell-cell junction architecture and strength. We discovered that SRGP-1 is a novel component of cell-cell junctions in Caenorhabditis elegans, localizing via its F-BAR (Bin1, Amphiphysin, and RVS167) domain and a flanking 200-amino acid sequence. SRGP-1 activity promotes an increase in membrane dynamics at nascent cell-cell contacts and the rapid formation of new junctions; in addition, srgp-1 loss of function is lethal in embryos with compromised cadherin-catenin complexes. Conversely, excess SRGP-1 activity leads to outward bending and projections of junctions. The C-terminal half of SRGP-1 interacts with the N-terminal F-BAR domain and negatively regulates its activity. Significantly, in vivo structure-function analysis establishes a role for the F-BAR domain in promoting rapid and robust cell adhesion during embryonic closure events, independent of the Rho guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein domain. These studies establish a new role for this conserved protein family in modulating cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Zaidel-Bar
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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