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Hoq MN. Influence of the preference for sons on contraceptive use in Bangladesh: A multivariate analysis. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05120. [PMID: 33083605 PMCID: PMC7550910 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The preference for sons has been documented not only in Bangladesh but also in many Asian and African countries across various religions and social strata. This paper examines the levels, trends, and differentials in the use of contraceptives and investigates the effects of the preference for sons on contraception in Bangladesh. This research project extracted data from the last four nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey datasets (BDHS: 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014) to examine the trends of preference for sons. The use of contraceptives among the respondents who had only daughters was comparatively lower than among those who had only sons due to a preference for sons. The analysis also reveals that the preference for sons was invariant with regards to various demographic and socioeconomic factors. Moreover, the analysis of religion in all four survey datasets indicates that Muslim women had stronger preferences for sons than their non-Muslim counterparts. Furthermore, the analysis showed that the preference for sons was strongest among women who had no education, did not work, and lived in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nazmul Hoq
- Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Chittagong, Bangladesh
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Martinez C, González-Ramírez J, Marín ME, Martínez-Coronilla G, Meza-Reyna VI, Mora R, Díaz-Molina R. Isthmin 2 is decreased in preeclampsia and highly expressed in choriocarcinoma. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05096. [PMID: 33088937 PMCID: PMC7567920 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Isthmin 2 (ISM2) is a protein which expression in humans is almost specific to the placenta. There is no previous report in the literature that investigated this protein in preeclampsia or choriocarcinoma. Methods We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study that included women with preeclampsia, gestational hypertension and normotensive pregnancy. We measured serum concentrations of ISM2 protein and performed immunohistochemistry in placenta tissues. We also performed immunohistochemistry of ISM2 in samples from choriocarcinoma and compare with lung, prostate, colon, gastric and breast cancers. Results A total of 81 patients were included, 30 with preeclampsia, 21 with gestational hypertension and 30 controls. The ISM2 protein was found to be decreased in patients with preeclampsia compared to the control group (P = 0.036). These results were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. We also found that ISM2 protein was overexpressed in choriocarcinoma. Discussion Taken together, our results suggest an angiogenic function for ISM2. Its serum level decreased in our patients with preeclampsia could be reflecting that it is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease; on the other hand its high expression in choriocarcinoma, indicates that ISM2 may play an active role in the angiogenesis of this and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Martinez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Mexicali, B.C., 21376, Mexico
| | | | - María E Marín
- School of Medicine, University Autonomous of Baja California, Mexicali, B.C., 21000, Mexico
| | | | - Vanessa I Meza-Reyna
- Laboratory of Surgical Pathology and Cytodiagnosis, Mexicali, B.C., 21389, Mexico
| | - Rafael Mora
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Mexicali, B.C., 21376, Mexico.,Faculty of Nursing, University Autonomous of Baja California, Mexicali, B.C., 21100, Mexico.,School of Medicine, University Autonomous of Baja California, Mexicali, B.C., 21000, Mexico.,Laboratory of Surgical Pathology and Cytodiagnosis, Mexicali, B.C., 21389, Mexico
| | - Raul Díaz-Molina
- School of Medicine, University Autonomous of Baja California, Mexicali, B.C., 21000, Mexico
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Sivas MC, Tapisiz OL, Ayik RT, Kahraman D, Kiykac Altinbas S, Moraloglu Tekin O. Effects of melatonin on uterine hypertrophy/hyperplasia: A preliminary experimental rat study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05142. [PMID: 33072913 PMCID: PMC7548983 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial hyperplasia is a process of endometrial proliferation that results in a thickening of the endometrial tissue. Melatonin might be able to change the pathophysiological process and prognosis into a positive way that might prevent and heal endometrial hyperplasia, which is the first stage of endometrial cancer. For this perspective, we tried to investigate the effect of melatonin on uterine hypertrophy/hyperplasia in an experimental rat model. Forty Wistar-Albino rats were undergone bilateral oophorectomy and randomized into four groups. To create a model of uterine hypertrophy/hyperplasia in all groups, except the control group [C] (n = 10), 4 mg/kg/day estradiol hemihydrate were given for 14 days. The uterine hypertrophy/hyperplasia was evaluated histopathologically in the left uterine horns, then the groups were treated for 14 days as follows; melatonin (10 mg/kg/day/po) [M] (n = 10), melatonin + estradiol hemihydrate (10 mg/kg/day/po and 4 mg/kg/day/po) [M + E] (n = 10), and dark environment [D] (n = 10). Finally, the effects of the melatonin were examined histopathologically in the right uterine horns. An uterine hypertrophy/hyperplasia model was established in all groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In the [M] and [M + E] groups, epithelial cell height and luminal epithelial cell height significantly decreased (41μm vs 12μm, p = 0.005; 14μm vs 10μm, p = 0.005, respectively for [M] group) and (32μm vs 14μm, p = 0.012; 17μm vs 10μm, p = 0.017, respectively for [M + E] group). The [D] group exhibited a significant decrease in epithelial cell height (33μm vs 20μm, p = 0.017). With or without estrogen exposure, melatonin-treated and physiologically melatonin-released rats experienced a significant uterine hypertrophy/hyperplasia recovery. Melatonin may have protective effects on endometrial hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Can Sivas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Omer Lutfi Tapisiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rasit Tan Ayik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Devrim Kahraman
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey, University of Economics and Technology (TOBB ETU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadiman Kiykac Altinbas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Moraloglu Tekin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Ayala-Ramírez P, Serrano N, Barrera V, Bejarano JP, Silva JL, Martínez R, Gil F, Olaya-C M, García-Robles R. Risk factors and fetal outcomes for preeclampsia in a Colombian cohort. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05079. [PMID: 33015399 PMCID: PMC7522495 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In Latin America and the Caribbean, hypertensive pregnancy disorders are responsible for almost 26% of all maternal deaths [1] and, in Colombia, they account for 59% of all severe maternal morbidity (SMM) cases, and 59.7% of all SMM cases in adolescents [2]. One of the most important hypertensive pregnancy disorders is preeclampsia (PE). Lives can be saved, if PE is prevented, or detected early and properly managed. Prevention and detection depend on identifying the risk factors associated with PE, and, as these have been shown vary by population, they should be determined on a population-by-population basis. The following study utilized the nested case-control model to evaluate 45 potential PE risk factors of a cohort in Bogotá, Colombia, making it perhaps the most comprehensive study of its kind in Colombia. It found PE to have a statistically significant association with 7 of the 45 factors evaluated: 1) pre-gestational BMI >30 kg/m2, 2) pregnancy weight gain >12 kg, 3) previous history preeclampsia/eclampsia, 4) previous history of IUGR-SGA (Intrauterine Growth Restriction-Small for Gestational Age), 5) maternal age <20 or ≥35 years (20–34 was not associated), and 6) family history of diabetes. Finally, prenatal consumption of folic acid was found to lower the risk of PE. We recommend that, in Colombia, factors 1–6 be used to identify at risk mothers during pregnancy check-ups; that mothers be encouraged to take folic acid during pregnancy; and, that Colombia's health system and public policy address the problem of pregestational obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ayala-Ramírez
- Human Genetics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Natalia Serrano
- Research Seedbed in Perinatal Medicine Pontificia Universidad Javeriana: Medical School Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and Medical Residents Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Viviana Barrera
- Research Seedbed in Perinatal Medicine Pontificia Universidad Javeriana: Medical School Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and Medical Residents Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Pablo Bejarano
- Research Seedbed in Perinatal Medicine Pontificia Universidad Javeriana: Medical School Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and Medical Residents Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jaime Luis Silva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rodolfo Martínez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fabian Gil
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Mercedes Olaya-C
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Reggie García-Robles
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Garcia Bulle Bueno F, Gloag R, Latty T, Ronai I. Irreversible sterility of workers and high-volume egg production by queens in the stingless bee Tetragonula carbonaria. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb230599. [PMID: 32737215 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.230599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Social insects are characterised by a reproductive division of labour between queens and workers. However, in the majority of social insect species, the workers are only facultatively sterile. The Australian stingless bee Tetragonula carbonaria is noteworthy as workers never lay eggs. Here, we describe the reproductive anatomy of Tcarbonaria workers, virgin queens and mated queens. We then conduct the first experimental test of absolute worker sterility in the social insects. Using a controlled microcolony environment, we investigate whether the reproductive capacity of adult workers can be rescued by manipulating the workers' social environment and diet. The ovaries of T. carbonaria workers that are queenless and fed unrestricted, highly nutritious royal jelly remain non-functional, indicating they are irreversibly sterile and that ovary degeneration is fixed prior to adulthood. We suggest that Tcarbonaria might have evolved absolute worker sterility because colonies are unlikely to ever be queenless.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Garcia Bulle Bueno
- Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, School of Life and Environmental Sciences A12, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rosalyn Gloag
- Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, School of Life and Environmental Sciences A12, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tanya Latty
- Insect Behaviour and Ecology Laboratory, School of Life and Environmental Sciences A12, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Isobel Ronai
- Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, School of Life and Environmental Sciences A12, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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El Bakly W, Medhat M, Shafei M, Tash R, Elrefai M, Shoukry Y, Omar NN. Optimized platelet rich plasma releasate (O-rPRP) repairs galactosemia-induced ovarian follicular loss in rats by activating mTOR signaling and inhibiting apoptosis. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05006. [PMID: 33005806 PMCID: PMC7509792 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet rich plasma contains a collection of growth factors, and an optimal formulation, named O-rPRP, contains the highest possible concentration of growth factors. Purpose Challenging the healing power of O-rPRP in a high-galactose diet-induced premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) experimental rat model. Methods Rats were divided into four groups of ten rats each and treated for four week as follows; 1) the control group, fed with normal diet and received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of PBS once/week; 2) the POI group, fed with galactose diet (50%) and received PBS (i.p.) once/week; 3) the POI/O-rPRP group, fed a 50% galactose diet and received O-rPRP (i.p.) once/week; 4) the O-rPRP group (negative control), fed with a normal diet and received O-rPRP (i.p.) once/week. The levels of galactose, follicle stimulating hormone, 17 β-estradiol, anti-mullerian hormone and inhibin B were measured in serum samples. Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR assays were employed to investigate the levels of miR-223, β1 integrin, p70S6k and MCL-1 in ovarian tissues. Results After O-rPRP treatment, β1 integrin expression was enhanced, and miR-223 expression was decreased. Unlike the untreated galactose group, in the group treated with O-rPRP, p70S6k and MCL-1 expression levels were increased, indicating that the mTOR growth signaling pathway was active and that apoptosis was inactive. After the introduction of O-rPRP, the number of follicles and the follicular maturation improved, which was consistent with the improvement of inhibin B levels and subsequent inhibition of FSH. Conclusion O-rPRP inhibited galactose-induced excessive atresia and provided an overall protective effect on the ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam El Bakly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Medhat
- Department of Pharmacology, National Center for Social & Criminological Research, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shafei
- Obstetrician and Gynecologist at Sidnawy Health Insurance Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Dar Alshifa Hospital, Kuwait
| | - Reham Tash
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Elrefai
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Basic Medical Science Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Alzarqa, Jordan
| | - Yousef Shoukry
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesreen Nabil Omar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, 11 Saudia Buildings, Nozha Street, 11371, Cairo, Egypt
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Sakyi SA, Enimil A, Adu DK, Ephraim RD, Danquah KO, Fondjo L, Baidoe-Ansah D, Adoba P, Toboh E, Afranie BO. Individual and combined bioscore model of presepsin, procalcitonin, and high sensitive C - reactive protein as biomarkers for early diagnosis of paediatric sepsis. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04841. [PMID: 32984583 PMCID: PMC7494471 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Paediatric sepsis remains a major public health problem with significant morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. Clinical symptoms associated with sepsis are unreliable and laboratory parameters unspecific, making an early diagnosis of paediatric sepsis difficult. The lack of definitive biomarker(s) for early diagnosis of sepsis further leads to the misuse of antibiotics. Diagnosis based on a single biomarker does not provide adequate accuracy. Subsequently, combining multiple biomarkers into a single score will help clinicians make a better diagnostic judgment. Aims This study for the first time evaluated the individual and combined diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT), presepsin (sCD14-ST) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) using a Bioscore model. Materials and methods In a case control study conducted at the Paediatric Emergency Unit (PEU) and the Mother and Baby Unit (MBU) of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), sixty (60) paediatric subjects aged zero to six (0–6) years, were diagnosed with sepsis using case-definition by the national neonatal bloodstream infection surveillance and Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Congress. Thirty (30) other paediatric subjects, aged and sex matched without sepsis or inflammatory conditions were used as controls. One-time blood sample was taken at the time of admission for blood culture and measurement of PCT, hs-CRP, and presepsin by ELISA. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS release 20.0, Copyright ©SPSS Inc.) was used for analysis. Results Out of the sixty septic paediatric subjects, 14 patients (23.3%) had positive blood cultures (LCS) and 46 (76%) had negative for blood cultures (CS). Klebsiella spp. recorded the highest median levels of PCT, and hs-CRP while Pseudo. Aeruginasa recorded the highest of sCD14-ST levels. Significant elevations in PCT, sCD14-ST and hs-CRP levels were observed among septic cases in comparison to controls (p < 0.0001). Individually, PCT showed better accuracy (AUC = 78.7%) followed by hs-CRP (AUC = 78.4%) and sCD14-ST (AUC = 74.8%). Combination of PCT + hs-CRP had the highest accuracy (AUC = 80.1%) followed by hs-CRP + sCD14-ST (AUC = 77.2%), PCT + sCD14-ST + hs-CRP (AUC = 77.0%) and PCT + sCD14-ST (AUC = 75.9%). Conclusion: hs-CRP, PCT, and sCD14-ST are independent predictors of paediatric sepsis due to their high prognostic values. Moreover, Bioscore combination of these biomarkers was significantly associated with increased odds for sepsis. The incorporation of these biomarkers into routine diagnostic tests will aid in prompt diagnosis of paediatric sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Asamoah Sakyi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Anthony Enimil
- Child Health Directorate, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - David Kwabena Adu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana.,College of Health and Well-Being, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - Richard Dadzie Ephraim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Kwabena Owusu Danquah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Linda Fondjo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - David Baidoe-Ansah
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Prince Adoba
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Toboh
- Laboratory Diagnostics, Ghana Health Service, Dansoman Polyclinic, Accra, Ghana
| | - Bright Oppong Afranie
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
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Nalla A, Ringholm L, Sørensen SN, Damm P, Mathiesen ER, Nielsen JH. Possible mechanisms involved in improved beta cell function in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04569. [PMID: 32904239 PMCID: PMC7452446 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is known to be associated with an increased demand for insulin that is normally compensated by an increased beta cell mass and insulin secretion. Recent studies have suggested enhanced beta cell function during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D). To explore the possible mechanisms behind enhanced beta cell function during pregnancy in women with T1D we investigated the impact of circulating factors in serum from nine women from each group of pregnant women with and without T1D, after pregnancy and non-diabetic non-pregnant women on rat islet cell proliferation and apoptosis, and on T-lymphocyte activation. In addition, circulating levels of pancreatic hormones and selected cytokines and adipokines were measured. Rat islet cell proliferation was higher in serum from pregnant women with T1D (p < 0.05) compared to T1D women after pregnancy. Apoptosis in INS-1E cell was lower (p < 0.05) in serum from pregnant women with T1D compared to T1D women after pregnancy. T-lymphocyte cell (Jurkat) proliferation was reduced by serum from pregnant women without T1D only (p < 0.05). Higher C-peptide levels and lower levels of ghrelin, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-8 and adipsin were observed in pregnant women with T1D compared to T1D women after pregnancy. In conclusion, the improved beta cell function in women with T1D during pregnancy may be due to lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines and/or higher levels of pregnancy-associated growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarnadh Nalla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Corresponding author.
| | - Lene Ringholm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Departments of Endocrinology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Nørskov Sørensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Damm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Departments of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Reinhardt Mathiesen
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Departments of Endocrinology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Høiriis Nielsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ayalew T. Exclusive breastfeeding practice and associated factors among first-time mothers in Bahir Dar city, North West Ethiopia, removed: A community based cross sectional study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04732. [PMID: 32944666 PMCID: PMC7481526 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breastfeeding can offer the ideal food for infants. It contains all the necessary nutrients for the growthand development of infants and antibodies that can protect from many childhood illnesses. Understanding the extent of, and barriers to exclusive breastfeeding in Ethiopia is important for learning how to best improve level of exclusive breastfeeding. No single study has been conducted on first-time mothers in the country. . Therefore, this study aimed to assess prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice and associated factors among first-time mothers in Bahir Dar city, North West Ethiopia. Method A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April, 2016 among (n = 400) randomly selected first-time mothers in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia. Data were collected using structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version20., bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of association. Statistical significance was declared at P -value <0.05. Results Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice 24 h before the survey was 57.3% (95%CI: 52.3%–62%). Mothers not being married (aOR = 2.79, 95 %CI: 1.08, 7.17), supported by their husband (aOR = 4.15, 95%CI: 2.13, 6.28), with no breast complication (aOR = 3.66, 95% CI: 2.13, 6.28), who had four or more antenatal care (aOR = 2.51, 95%CI: 1.49, 4.23) were more likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion A significant proportion of mothers had a low level of exclusive breastfeeding practice that was lower than the national recommended level. Mothers not being married, supported by their husbands, with no breast problems who had four or more antenatal care visits were more likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding. These results suggest that multi-sectorial and multi-disciplinary approaches are needed to increase exclusive breastfeeding in the first-time mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilksew Ayalew
- Department of Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Karimi S, Tabatabaei SN, Gutleb AC, Ghaffari Novin M, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A, Shams Mofarahe Z. The effect of PEGylated iron oxide nanoparticles on sheep ovarian tissue: An ex-vivo nanosafety study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04862. [PMID: 32954036 PMCID: PMC7486432 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, nanotechnology plays an important role in our ever-continuous quest to improve the quality of human life. Because of their infinitesimal size, nanostructures can actively interact and alter cellular functions. Therefore, while the clinical benefits of nanotechnology may outweigh most of the associated risks, assessment of the cytotoxicity of nanostructures in respect to cells and tissues early in product development processes is of great significance. To the best of our knowledge, no such assessment has been performed for nanomaterials on the ovarian cortex before. Herein, silica-coated, PEGylated silica-coated, and uncoated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) with core diameter of 11 nm (±4.2 nm) were synthesized. The oxidative stress in cultured ovarian tissue exposed to the various IONP was subsequently assessed. The results indicate that among the four groups, uncoated IONP induce the most oxidative stress on the ovarian cortex while tissues treated with PEGylated IONP exhibit no significant change in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Karimi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Nasrollah Tabatabaei
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pediatrics, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Arno C. Gutleb
- Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch s/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Marefat Ghaffari Novin
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Shams Mofarahe
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Launay C, Félix MA, Dieng J, Delattre M. Diversification and hybrid incompatibility in auto-pseudogamous species of Mesorhabditis nematodes. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:105. [PMID: 32811433 PMCID: PMC7433073 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01665-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pseudogamy is a reproductive system in which females rely on the sperm of males to activate their oocytes, generally parasitizing males of other species, but do not use the sperm DNA. The nematode Mesorhabditis belari uses a specific form of pseudogamy, where females produce their own males as a source of sperm. Males develop from rare eggs with true fertilization, while females arise by gynogenesis. Males thus do not contribute their genome to the female offspring. Here, we explored the diversity of reproductive mode within the Mesorhabditis genus and addressed species barriers in pseudogamous species. Results To this end, we established a collection of over 60 Mesorhabditis strains from soil and rotting vegetal matter. We found that males from pseudogamous species displayed a reduced size of their body, male tail and sperm cells compared to males of sexual Mesorhabditis species, as expected for males that face little competition. Using rDNA sequences and crosses, we could define 11 auto-pseudogamous biological species, with closely related species pairs and a possible single origin of pseudogamy in the Mesorhabditis genus. Most crosses between males and females of different species did not even produce female progeny. This surprising species barrier in pseudogamous egg activation was pre or postcopulatory depending on the species pair. In the latter case, when hybrid embryos were produced, most arrested before the first embryonic cell division. Hybrid incompatibility between auto-pseudogamous species was due to defective interaction between sperm and oocyte as well as defective reconstitution of zygotic centrosomes. Conclusions We established a collection of sexual and pseudo-sexual species which offer an ideal framework to explore the origin and consequences of transition to asexuality. Our results demonstrate that speciation occurs in the pseudogamous state. Whereas genomic conflicts are responsible for hybrid incompatibility in sexual species, we here reveal that centrosomes constitute key organelles in the establishment of species barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Launay
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Inserm, UCBL, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Anne Félix
- IBENS, Département de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Joris Dieng
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Inserm, UCBL, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Delattre
- Laboratory of Biology and Modeling of the Cell, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Inserm, UCBL, 69007, Lyon, France.
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Fite RO, Hanfore LK, Lake EA, Obsa MS. Prevalence of female genital mutilation among women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04403. [PMID: 32743087 PMCID: PMC7385462 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Female genital mutilation affects the social, psychological, spiritual and physical well-being of women. In Ethiopia, studies regarding the female genital mutilation were conducted in various settings and years. Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to summarize the prevalence of female Genital Mutilation in Ethiopia. Methods A systematic search of articles was conducted in PubMed, African Journals Online (AJOL), Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE), SCOPUS, Web of Science, and JSTOR. Data were extracted using a standardized data extraction format prepared in Microsoft Excel. The data were analyzed using STATA version 11 software. Cochrane Q statistic was used to assess the presence of significant between-study heterogeneity. I2 was used to quantify between-study heterogeneity. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis based on a study period and setting were done. The funnel plot and Egger's regression tests were used to measure the presence of substantial publication bias. The pooled estimated prevalence of female genital mutilation was conducted using a DerSimonian and Laird random effects model. Results The pooled prevalence estimate of FGM was 77.28% (95% CI: 55.81, 98.76). The pooled prevalence was higher in studies conducted from 2013-2017 (78.39%, 95%CI: 48.24, 108.54) and studies conducted in Hospital (92.02: 95%CI: 55.81, 98.76). Conclusion The prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation is high. Therefore, interventions that are focused on health education, social support and advocacy are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robera Olana Fite
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia
| | - Lolemo Kelbiso Hanfore
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia
| | - Eyasu Alem Lake
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Suleiman Obsa
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
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Ota Y, Ota K, Takahashi T, Suzuki S, Sano R, Shiota M. New surgical technique of laparoscopic resection of adenomyosis under real-time intraoperative ultrasound elastography guidance: A case report. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04628. [PMID: 32793836 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Detecting adenomyosis in the myometrium is a challenge since it is infiltrative with ill-defined margins and can be often confused with uterine fibroids. However, recent advances, such as ultrasound elastography, have enabled its detection in the myometrium, thereby facilitating its accurate diagnosis. We report our experience of performing complete laparoscopic resection of adenomyosis under real-time ultrasound elastography guidance in a 32-year-old woman who underwent laparoscopic adenomyomectomy following severe dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding. Real-time ultrasound elastography was also utilized intraoperatively to detect residual adenomyosis. Complete adenomyosis resection and uterine reconstruction were achieved. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging was conducted to confirm successful uterine reconstruction. The patient recovered rapidly with no complications. Intraoperative elastography-guided laparoscopic adenomyomectomy was feasible and effective in completely removing adenomyotic lesions.
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64
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Kyei G, Sobhani A, Nekonam S, Shabani M, Ebrahimi F, Qasemi M, Salahi E, Fardin A. Assessing the effect of MitoQ 10 and Vitamin D3 on ovarian oxidative stress, steroidogenesis and histomorphology in DHEA induced PCOS mouse model. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04279. [PMID: 32760818 PMCID: PMC7393412 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) continues to be one of the most complex reproductive and endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Recent reports have identified close interaction of Vitamin D deficiency and oxidative stress (OS) in exacerbating the pathophysiology of PCOS. This current study aims at assessing the combine effect of MitoQ10 and Vitamin D3 on dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) induced PCOS. Following successful induction of PCOS using DHEA, mice were organized into five groups (n = 8) namely: Negative Control (NC), Vitamin D3 Vehicle (VDV), Vitamin D3 (VD), MitoQ10 (MQ), Vitamin D3 plus MitoQ10 (V+M) and DHEA, ethanol and distilled water, Vitamin D3, MitoQ10 and Vitamin D3 plus MitoQ10 were respectively administered for 20 consecutive days. The study also included positive control (PC) group (n = 8) in which no treatment was applied. Treatment effects were assessed using hormonal assays, biochemical assays, Real-Time PCR, western blotting and histological analysis. Combination of Vitamin D3 and MitoQ10 significantly reduced levels of estradiol, progesterone, FSH, LH, LH/FSH, SOD and MDA. The expression rate of mRNAs of 3β-HSD, Cyp19a1, Cyp11a1, StAR, Keap1, HO-1 and Nrf2 were also significantly low in V+M group. Moreover, the histomorphological inspection of ovaries from this group revealed many healthy follicles at various stages of development including few atretic follicles, pre-antral and antral follicles and many corpora lutea. The characteristics observed in this group were in many ways similar to that of the PC group. The combination of MitoQ10 and Vitamin D3 may be potential candidate to ameliorate PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Kyei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aligholi Sobhani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Nekonam
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shabani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ebrahimi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Qasemi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Salahi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amidi Fardin
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infertility, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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65
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Nwanade CF, Yu Z, Liu J. Botanical acaricides induced morphophysiological changes of reproductive and salivary glands in tick: A mini-review. Res Vet Sci 2020; 132:285-291. [PMID: 32707419 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites and important vectors of several pathogens of medical and veterinary significance, in addition to economic losses associated with their infestation. The primary method for the current control of tick is the use of synthetic acaricides, and many studies have focused on the tick control efficacy associated with the use of synthetic acaricides. However, the intensive use of these compounds has environmental and public health implications, in addition to the development of resistant tick populations. Over the years, studies have demonstrated the great potential of botanicals as an effective alternative in tick control. Most of the reviews on the acaricidal activity of botanicals focused on the effects relating to the development, reproduction, and mortality rate of ticks. Besides this acaricidal activity, botanicals can also affect the morphophysiology of the reproductive organs and the salivary glands that are important for tick procreation and survival. Effects relating to histopathological and cell ultra-structural alterations caused by botanical acaricides can be determined through microscopy techniques. Hence, the present mini-review focuses on studies dealing with morphophysiology changes of the reproductive system and the salivary gland of ticks exposed to botanical acaricides, with a view of expanding our knowledge for the future integrative application of botanical acaricides in tick control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuks F Nwanade
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| | - Jingze Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
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66
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Cao X, Yan C, Wu X, Zhou L, Xiu G. Nonylphenol induced individual and population fluctuation of Caenorhabditis elegans: Disturbances on developmental and reproductive system. Environ Res 2020; 186:109486. [PMID: 32283338 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The environmental risks that have arisen from endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs) have become global challenges, especially for persistent bio-accumulated xenobiotic chemicals, such as nonylphenol (NP). In the present study, the population dynamics of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were systemically investigated by conducting developmental and reproductive bioassays under the exposure of NP, which has been widely detected in actual aquatic environments. The results revealed that under NP exposure (400 μg L-1 NP), developmental indictors of C. elegans, including the body length and width were significantly inhibited at different life stages of L1 and L4 larva, and the growth curves were further adversely affected. In addition, abnormalities in reproductive systems were also observed under NP exposure. Such abnormalities obeyed a dose-dependent relationship with NP levels, which were closely related to the delayed spawning time and decreased reproductive rates. Moreover, the results from global genome expression analysis for nematodes revealed that the most significant enriched GO terms could be predominantly responsible for the dysregulation of growth and reproductive system. The population's parameters, including age composition and intrinsic growth rate (rm d-1), displayed significant changes, with a suppressed potentiality of population growth. Those data elucidated that NP exhibited a profound impact on the dynamic stability of the population, even with no obvious effect on certain biochemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cao
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China; Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chenzhi Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China; Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China; Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China; Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Guangli Xiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China; Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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Gómez-Chávez F, López-Portales ÓH, Baeza-Martínez DA, Cancino-Díaz JC, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Cancino-Díaz ME, Pérez-Tapia SM, Rodríguez-Martínez S. IκBNS and IL-6 expression is differentially established in the uterus of pregnant healthy and infected mice. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04122. [PMID: 32577554 PMCID: PMC7301180 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, NF-κB plays an important role for embryo implantation and the onset of labor. Regulated IL-6 production, under transcriptional control of NF-κB, is essential for a successful pregnancy outcome and the atypical regulator IκBNS is involved in this process. Previously, we showed that IκBNS negatively regulates IL-6 in uterine tissues during mouse estrous cycle. In this work, we analyzed if IκBNS and IL-6 expression in pregnant mice under physiological or L. monocytogenes-infected conditions would remain as observed in estrous cycle. In the healthy pregnancy IL-6 was highly expressed during implantation/placentation and labor stages but decreased during fetal development and post-partum stages. In contrast, in mice infected before pregnancy, IL-6 expression was not increased in the implantation stage, and its regulator IκBNS increased more in the infected condition rather than in the healthy pregnancy. IκBNS expression was reduced in post-implantation infection, allowing for IL-6 overexpression. The IκBNS-unrelated cytokine IL-36γ, used as inflammatory cytokine marker, was severely increased in the infected uterine tissues. When we analyzed the effect of infection over the fetuses, we found that pre-implantation infection caused the resorption (rejection) of some products, while the post-implantation infection restricted the intrauterine growth of fetuses. The results suggest that in the uterine tissue of pregnant mice the regulatory effect of IκBNS over IL-6 is more evident in an infection status rather than in a healthy condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Gómez-Chávez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.,Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico.,Departmento de Formación Básica Disciplinaria. Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía (ENMyH) - IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Óscar Humberto López-Portales
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Innata, Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas - Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Damariz Adriana Baeza-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Innata, Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas - Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Enfermería. Facultad de Estudios Superiores - Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - José Martín Murrieta-Coxca
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Innata, Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas - Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Eugenio Cancino-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Innata, Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas - Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia
- Laboratorio Nacional para Servicios Especializados de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (I+D+i) para Farmoquímicos y Biotecnológicos (LANSEIDI-FarBiotec-CONACyT)-ENCB-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Innata, Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas - Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
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Kido T, Murata H, Nishigaki A, Tsubokura H, Komiya S, Kida N, Kakita-Kobayashi M, Hisamatsu Y, Tsuzuki T, Hashimoto Y, Okada H. Glucose transporter 1 is important for the glycolytic metabolism of human endometrial stromal cells in hypoxic environment. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03985. [PMID: 32548315 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The study aimed to elucidate the glycolytic metabolism of human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) in hypoxic environment. Main methods The hESCs were cultured in hypoxic environment, and their metabolic pathways were analyzed using metabolomics. We assessed glucose uptake using 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) assay. The expression of glucose transporters (GLUTs) required for glucose uptake was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. Furthermore, we knocked down GLUT1 and examined the uptake of 2-DG. Key findings Under hypoxia, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, and fructose-1,6-diphosphate were significantly elevated in hESCs (P < 0.05). This finding indicated enhancement in glycolysis. The volume of glucose uptake increased significantly under hypoxia (P < 0.05). Hypoxia simultaneously induced the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 mRNA (P < 0.05) and attenuated the expression of GLUT8 (P < 0.05). Glucose uptake was significantly inhibited upon knockdown of GLUT1 (P < 0.0001). Significance These results demonstrated a very important role of glucose transport under hypoxia. Also, hESCs utilize glycolysis to adapt to hypoxic conditions that could occur in menstrual and implantation period. These findings pave the way to study implantation failure and tumors originating from the endometrium.
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69
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Fedorko AM, Kim TH, Broaddus R, Schmandt R, Chandramouli GVR, Kim HI, Jeong JW, Risinger JI. An immune competent orthotopic model of endometrial cancer with metastasis. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04075. [PMID: 32490257 PMCID: PMC7260377 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the U.S. with metastatic disease remaining the major cause of patient death. Therapeutic strategies have remained essentially unchanged for decades. A significant barrier to progression in treatment modalities stems from a lack of clinically applicable in vivo models to accurately mimic endometrial cancer; specifically, ones that form distant metastases and maintain an intact immune system. To address this problem, we have established the first immune competent murine orthotopic tumor model for metastatic endometrial cancer by creating a green fluorescent protein labeled cell line from an endometrial cancer that developed in a Pgr cre/+ Pten f/f Kras G12D genetically engineered mouse. These cancer cells were grafted into the abraded uterine lumen of ovariectomized recipient mice treated with estrogen and subsequently developed local and metastatic endometrial tumors. We noted primary tumor formation in 59% mixed background and 86% of C57BL/6 animals at 4 weeks and distant lung metastases in 78% of mice after 2 months. This immunocompetent orthotopic tumor model closely resembles some human metastatic endometrial cancer, modeling both local metastasis and hematogenous spread to lung and has significant potential to advance the study of endometrial cancer and its metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Fedorko
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids MI, USA.,Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids MI, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids MI, USA
| | - Russell Broaddus
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, USA
| | - Rosemarie Schmandt
- Department of Gynecological Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, USA
| | | | - Hong Im Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids MI, USA
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids MI, USA.,Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids MI, USA
| | - John I Risinger
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids MI, USA.,Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids MI, USA
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Vallejo-Timarán D, Montoya-Zuluaga J, Castillo-Vanegas V, Maldonado-Estrada J. Parity and season affect hematological, biochemical, and milk parameters during the early postpartum period in grazing dairy cows from high-tropics herds. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04049. [PMID: 32490249 PMCID: PMC7256465 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the early detection of animals or herds at increased risk for diseases, reduced milk yield or impaired reproductive performance should be an essential component of herd health programs. The present study aimed to describe the findings of hematological, biochemical, and milk analytes of grazing cows from tropical dairy herds during the early postpartum period, and the effects of parity and calving season. In the North of Antioquia, Colombia which is the major area of specialized dairy production in the country, a longitudinal study comprising 260 dairy cows selected at calving, was conducted. Blood and milk sampling were made to establish red blood cell count, white blood cell count, minerals, protein traits and, milk composition. Variables were checked for normal distribution. The Box-Cox transformation was used when necessary. Variables were statistically analyzed using a GLM model considering parity and calving season as fixed effects. Using a parametric or non-parametric method based on the distribution of the variables, single average values, and 90% confidence intervals were determined considering fixed effects founds in the GLM model. Blood values affected by parity in lactating dairy cows grazing in highland tropical herds included serum calcium levels, red blood cell counts, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and total eosinophil counts, whereas blood values affected by season included: total leukocyte counts, total and differential lymphocyte counts, serum albumin and globulin concentration, and serum albumin:globulin ratio (P < 0.05). Data from our study could be used for comparison studies between lactating dairy cows within tropical herds or between tropical and seasonal dairy herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Vallejo-Timarán
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Research Group in Aimal Sciences (GIsCA), University Foundation Autónoma de las Américas, Medellín, Colombia
| | - John Montoya-Zuluaga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Research Group in Aimal Sciences (GIsCA), University Foundation Autónoma de las Américas, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Viviana Castillo-Vanegas
- One Health & Veterinary Research and Innovative Development Group - OHVRI, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (VITALAB), Rionegro, Colombia
| | - Juan Maldonado-Estrada
- One Health & Veterinary Research and Innovative Development Group - OHVRI, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
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Anikwe CC, Mamah JE, Okorochukwu BC, Nnadozie UU, Obarezi CH, Ekwedigwe KC. Age at menarche, menstrual characteristics, and its associated morbidities among secondary school students in Abakaliki, southeast Nigeria. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04018. [PMID: 32518847 PMCID: PMC7268279 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Menstruation has a variable pattern. Knowledge of age at menarche and providing accurate information to adolescent girls is necessary to allay anxiety, treat menstrual morbidities, and improve their quality of life. Objective To determine the age at menarche and menstrual characteristics of adolescent secondary school girls in Abakaliki. Materials and methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in seven secondary schools in Abakaliki among 960 female students. A total of 450 girls were randomly selected for the study. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used in data collection. Four hundred questionnaires were properly filled and used for the final analysis. Results The age range of the students was between 10 - 21years. The mean age of the respondents was 16.2 ± 1.7years. The average age at menarche was 13 ± 1.0 years. Urban dwellers had menarche 0.2years earlier than rural dwellers. There is an association between menarche and social class (X [2] 372.9 (2), p = 0.001). About 87.75% of the respondents had an average cycle length. Most (88.3%) of the respondents had a menstrual flow duration of 3-5 days. Dysmenorrhoea was present in 82% of respondents and was severe enough to cause absence from school in 56.5% of students. Oligomenorrhea and menorrhagia occurred in 8.5 % and 6.25 % of the student studied. Mothers (80.0%), friends (75.0%) and teachers (74.5%) accounted for the bulk of the information on menstrual health. Conclusion The average age at menarche was 13 ± 1.0 years. Dysmenorrhea is a major cause of morbidity amongst this age group and should be empathically addressed. It is therefore important that the students, their parents, and school managers in the study area be educated on the issues of menstrual problems that can occur in an adolescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidebe C Anikwe
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 102, Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, Nigeria
| | - Johnbosco E Mamah
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 102, Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, Nigeria
| | - Bartholomew C Okorochukwu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal Medical Centre, P.O.Box 1010, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Ugochukwu U Nnadozie
- Department of Surgery, Federal Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 102, Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, Nigeria
| | - Chukwuemeka H Obarezi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 102, Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, Nigeria
| | - Kenneth C Ekwedigwe
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 102, Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, Nigeria
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Paoli F, Mercati D, Marianelli L, Roversi PF, Lupetti P, Dallai R. Sperm ultrastructure and spermatogenesis in the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Micron 2020; 135:102879. [PMID: 32416441 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2020.102879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Popillia japonica is an invasive scarab beetle native to Japan that in 1916 invaded New Jersey in USA. From that moment onwards, the insect has spread invading several US states, Canada, the Azores, Italy and, recently, Switzerland. It is a severe agricultural pest included in the EU priority pest list being able to feed on more than 300 plant species and having an important biotic potential. The general morphology of the reproductive apparatus shows paired testes, each of them having six testicular lobes grouped in threes. From the ventral part of each testicular lobe, each containing about 20 follicles, an efferent vessel originates that fuses with the other efferent vessels to form the deferent duct. A pair of long tubular accessory glands is present. The deferent ducts and accessory glands fuse together into an ejaculatory duct before entering the aedeagus. The sperm is a typical pterygote sperm, 110 μm long, composed of a head and a tail. In the head a three-layered acrosome of about 6 μm in length and a nucleus of about 18 μm long are present. During sperm maturation two C-shaped structures appear in the cytoplasm from the opposite sides of the nucleus that then disappear in late spermatids. In the tail a typical 9 + 9 + 2 flagellar axoneme and two mitochondrial derivatives are present. Moreover, in the head-tail transition region the centriolar adjunct forms a sheath from which three elongated accessory bodies originate. Two of these accessory bodies are placed alongside the axoneme, whilst the third one is placed beneath the mitochondrial derivatives. Mature sperm are grouped in cysts containing about 256 sperm cells. A morphological comparison with related species is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Paoli
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via di Lanciola 12/a, 50125 Firenze, Italy.
| | - D Mercati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - L Marianelli
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via di Lanciola 12/a, 50125 Firenze, Italy.
| | - P F Roversi
- CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via di Lanciola 12/a, 50125 Firenze, Italy.
| | - P Lupetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - R Dallai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Riaz BK, Ali L, Ahmad SA, Islam MZ, Ahmed KR, Hossain S. Community clinics in Bangladesh: A unique example of public-private partnership. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03950. [PMID: 32420500 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bangladesh has established more than 13,000 community clinics (CCs) to provide primary healthcare with a plan of each covering a population of around 6,000. The inception of CCs in the country has revolutionized the healthcare delivery to reach the doorstep of people. The provision of healthcare through CCs is truly participatory since the community people donate land for building infrastructure and also involve in management process. The study was conducted to assess pattern of public private partnership in healthcare delivery through participation of community people in establishment, management, monitoring and utilization of community clinics. Methods This quantitative study involving descriptive cross sectional design included 63 healthcare providers, 2,238 service-users and 3,285 community people as household members. Data were collected by face-to-face interview and reviewing records of CCs with the help of semi-structured questionnaire and checklist respectively. The public private partnership was assessed in this particular study by finding community participation in different activities of CCs. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results Almost all (96.9%) CCs are located in easy-to-reach areas and have good infrastructure. Lands of all CCs are donated by the respective communities. The security of most of the CCs (93.7%) is maintained by community people. Cleanliness of the CCs is maintained by the cleaners or ayas who are appointed by local communities. Community Groups (CGs) of 88.9% and Community Support Groups (CSGs) of 96.8% CCs are found to be active. In most of the CCs (98.4%), monitoring is done by analysis of monthly reports. All CCs provide referral services for pregnant women. Health care delivery is found to be 'good' in more than three-fourths while health education service is 'good' in 96.7% of CCs. All CCs showed an increased trend in the utilization of services and conduction of normal child deliveries. Benefits of CCs as perceived by service users included free drugs (82.1%), free treatment (81.2%), easy access (76.3%), need-based health services (75.0%), and immunization services (68.6%). Almost all (99.0%) of the CC service users opined that CGs are involved in management of CC activities. Conclusion In resource-poor settings of developing countries, public private partnership in primary healthcare delivery through community clinics may play crucial role in sustainable development of community health by providing quality health care. The study recommends public-private partnership for strengthening CCs including establishment, maintenance, utilization, monitoring and supply of essential drugs and logistics.
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Pénager C, Bardet P, Timsit J, Lepercq J. Determinants of the persistency of macrosomia and shoulder dystocia despite treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03756. [PMID: 32346630 PMCID: PMC7182725 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims to identify potentially modifiable risk factors associated with the persistency of macrosomia and/or shoulder dystocia in infants born to women treated for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods this case-control retrospective study included 113 cases complicated by macrosomia (ponderal index ≥97th percentile) and/or shoulder dystocia, and 226 controls without these complications. Factors associated with macrosomia and/or shoulder dystocia and with failure of diabetes management were assessed by multivariable analyses. Results Macrosomia and/or shoulder dystocia were associated with previous delivery of a large for gestational age (LGA) infant (adjusted odds ratio, 2.34, 95% confidence interval [1.01–5.45]), three abnormal glucose values during oral glucose tolerance test (2.83 [1.19–6.72]), a higher gestational weight gain before treatment (1.08 [1.01–1.15]), and failure of diabetes management (2.68 [1.32–5.45]). A non-Euro Caucasian origin (3.08 [1.37–6.93]), previous delivery of a LGA infant (3.21 [1.31–7.87]), institution of treatment after 32 weeks of gestation (3.92 [1.86–8.25]), and insulin therapy (2.91 [1.20–7.03]) were associated with failure of diabetes management. Conclusions supportive care in at risk women, limitation of weight gain in early pregnancy, shortened delay between diagnosis and treatment of GDM, and intensive insulin dosage adjustments might be means to improve the neonatal prognosis of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Pénager
- Department of Obstetrics, Cochin-Port-Royal Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Bardet
- Department of Diabetology, Cochin-Port-Royal Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, DHU Authors, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - José Timsit
- Department of Diabetology, Cochin-Port-Royal Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, DHU Authors, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Lepercq
- Department of Obstetrics, Cochin-Port-Royal Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, 123 boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
- Corresponding author.
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Vallejo-Timarán D, Reyes-Vélez J, VanLeeuwen J, Maldonado-Estrada J, Astaiza-Martínez J. Incidence and effects of subacute ruminal acidosis and subclinical ketosis with respect to postpartum anestrus in grazing dairy cows. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03712. [PMID: 32274437 PMCID: PMC7132069 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) and Subclinical Ketosis (SCK) are two of the most prevalent metabolic diseases of dairy cows, with impacts on reproductive performance. There is scarce literature about these diseases in dairy regions in Colombia. In 29 randomly selected herds in Pasto, Colombia, 249 dairy cows were followed weekly for two months postpartum to determine: 1) incidence risk of SARA and SCK; and 2) effects of SARA and SCK on the occurrence of postpartum anestrus (PA) at two months. Samples from ruminal liquor and blood were obtained one time per cow during the first week postpartum to determine presence of SARA (pH < 5.6) and SCK (1.0-2.9 mmol/L of blood Beta-Hydroxy-Butyrate), respectively. PA diagnosis was determined with ultrasound. Pregnancy risks at 30 and 60 days post-breeding (and assumed embryo losses between these days) were determined. Risk factors associated with PA were estimated through a mixed multi-level multivariable logistic regression model, adjusting for clustering of cows within herds. The incidence risks of SARA and SCK were 23.3% and 46.2%, respectively. Simultaneous occurrence of SCK and SARA (SCASCK) was present in 5.2% of the cows. In the final multivariable model, the occurrence of SARA (Odds Ratio: OR = 39.4), SCK (OR = 47.4) and SCASCK (OR = 68.5) was associated with increased odds of PA. Feeding a transition period diet was associated with reduced odds of PA (OR = 0.15). Second parity cows had significantly lower odds of PA than first parity cows (OR = 0.21). In conclusion, inadequate pre-partum and postpartum nutritional management of the herds increased the occurrence of SARA and SCK, which had adverse effects on reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darío Vallejo-Timarán
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Research Group in Agricultural Sciences (GIsCA) University Foundation Autónoma de las Américas, Circular 73 No. 35 - 04, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Julián Reyes-Vélez
- Veterinary Medicine School, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, Biogenesis Research Group, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - John VanLeeuwen
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Juan Maldonado-Estrada
- Veterinary Medicine School, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Antioquia, One Health Veterinary Research and Innovation - OHVRI Group, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Astaiza-Martínez
- Department of Animal Health, Livestock Sciences Faculty, University of Nariño, Internal Medicine and Veterinary Pharmacology Research Group - MIFARVET, Pasto, Colombia
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76
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Sara S, Mohammad K, Nader S, Maryam I, Marzieh S, Elham J, Neda S. Using the NGF/IL-6 ratio as a reliable criterion to show the beneficial effects of progesterone after experimental diffuse brain injury. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03844. [PMID: 32373743 PMCID: PMC7191606 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute progesterone injection has been shown to reduce brain edema following traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to its neuroprotective effect. We investigated the effects of sustained release of progesterone through implantation of subcutaneous capsules on rat's brain edema and alteration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and serum ratio of NGF/IL-6 after TBI. This experiment was performed on ovariectomized (OVX) rats and the brain injury was induced by Marmarou's method. A high and a low dose of progesterone (HP and LP) was injected intraperitoneally two h after the brain injury. In addition, in the capsule progesterone-treated group (CP), the intervention was implemented 6 h after the brain injury. Brain edema, NGF and IL-6 biomarkers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured 48 h after the TBI in injection groups and one week after the TBI in the CP group. No significant difference was found in the two groups or in the admonition methods. After TBI, the NGF level increased and IL-6 level decreased by injection of both doses, as well as by taking the capsule. Ratio of NGF/IL-6 in CSF increased significantly by all forms of progesterone administration. The increase in the level of NGF and IL-6 after TBI was higher in CSF than in serum. These results indicated that effects of progesterone in capsule form were better than the injection form. Progesterone probably works by increasing NGF and reducing IL-6. Future studies should investigate the ratio of these biomarkers as a variable to determine the neuroprotective effects of another drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirazpour Sara
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Khaksari Mohammad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahrokhi Nader
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iranpour Maryam
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahryari Marzieh
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Jafari Elham
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Salmani Neda
- Department of Psychology, Genetic Institute, Islamic Azad University of Zarand, Keman, Iran
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Ghaemmaleki F, Mohammadi P, Baeeri M, Navaei-Nigjeh M, Abdollahi M, Mostafalou S. Estrogens counteract tributyltin-induced toxicity in the rat islets of Langerhans. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03562. [PMID: 32181409 PMCID: PMC7063331 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tributyltin (TBT) is known as an endocrine disruptor able to interfere with estrogen receptors (ERs) leading to toxic effects on the related endocrine pathways. TBT is an obesogen, reported to disrupt glucose homeostasis leading to diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of TBT and β-estradiol on the pancreatic islets of Langerhans in simultaneous exposures. Experimental Pancreatic islets of 15 male rat were isolated and exposed to TBT (10 μM), β-estradiol, and TBT plus β-estradiol for 24 h. Therewith, cellular viability, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and insulin secretion markers were investigated. Results TBT decreased the viability and increased the apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and insulin secretion TBT led to increased amounts of apaptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and insulin secretion in pancreatic islets; however, cellular viability was reduced. Co-exposure with β-estradiol ameliorated the entire mentioned variables near to the control level. Conclusion These results showed that β-estradiol protect pancreatic islets of Langerhans against TBT-induced toxicity by counteracting oxidative stress and apoptosis as well as insulin secretion. In this way, it is postulated that pancreatic ER pathways particularly in β-cells might be the determinant target of toxic effects of xenoestrogens like TBT. Hence, evaluation of xenoestrogens-induced ER dysfunction in the endocrine pancreas can be helpful in diabetic risk assessment of these contaminants. Pharmacological modifications of ER pathway in the β-cells seems promising for better management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Ghaemmaleki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Perham Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Navaei-Nigjeh
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Mostafalou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Allahveisi A, Seyedoshohadaei F, Rezaei M, Bazrafshan N, Rahimi K. The effect of platelet-rich plasma on the achievement of pregnancy during frozen embryo transfer in women with a history of failed implantation. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03577. [PMID: 32195397 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the rate of implantation and pregnancy in women with repeated failed implantation during frozen embryo transfer. Methods This study was conducted on 50 infertile women candidates (who were referred to the Infertility Treatment Center of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj) with a history of failed implantation for the purpose of frozen embryo transfer. The participants were randomly divided into two groups (n = 25). In the first group (control), the intrauterine infusion of 0.5 ml of Ringer serum was done 48 h before embryo transfer. In the second group (treatment), the intrauterine infusion of 0.5 ml of PRP was performed 48 h before embryo transfer. Results In this study, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the rate of chemical and clinical pregnancy. The rate of chemical pregnancy was 28% in the treatment group and 36% in the control group, while the rate of clinical pregnancy was 28% in the treatment group and 24% in the control group. Conclusion The intrauterine infusion of PRP before frozen embryo transfer in infertile women with a history of failed implantation will not make any significant effect on the result of pregnancy.
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Fontes PK, Castilho ACS, Razza EM, Nogueira MFG. Bona fide gene expression analysis of samples from the bovine reproductive system by microfluidic platform. Anal Biochem 2020; 596:113641. [PMID: 32087128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sample types such as those from reproductive systems often yield scarce material, which limits RT-qPCR analysis to only a few targets. Recently developed high-throughput systems can potentially change this scenario, however, the nanoliter scale of such platforms requires extra processing, e.g., preamplification, which needs to be defined through observation and experience. In order to establish best practices in high-throughput PCR approaches using samples from reproductive systems, we evaluated the Biomark™ HD performance using 11 different sample types from the bovine reproductive system: blastocyst (single/pool), oocyte (pool), cumulus, granulosa, and theca cells, oviduct tissue, fetal ovary, testicle (adult/fetal), and uterine horn. We observed that the preamplification step is not just reliable, but mandatory. Our results indicated that 14-preamplification cycles associated to 5- and 7-fold-dilution is the best approach for those samples. Additionally, the Biomark™ HD system has a high intra and inter reproducibility, therefore its performance in duplicate is unnecessary for the ΔCq analysis, taking in consideration the cutoff value 4 < Cq < 22. In summary, this high-throughput approach is a reliable and excellent tool for studying the bovine reproductive system, especially using quantitatively-limited samples, as a larger number of target genes can be assessed from a very low amount of starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Kubo Fontes
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo State (Unesp), Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Anthony César Souza Castilho
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo State (Unesp), Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; University of Western São Paulo (Unoeste), Campus of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Montanari Razza
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo State (Unesp), Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo State (Unesp), Campus of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Campus of Assis, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Aziz M, Arronte J. A case of spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy in natural conception complicated with hemoperitoneum. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03373. [PMID: 32072059 PMCID: PMC7013160 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic pregnancy, defined as simultaneous intrauterine and ectopic gestations, is an uncommon occurrence in women who conceive without assisted reproduction techniques. We present the case of 28 years old female with strong family history of multiple gestations, who presented with acute severe abdominal pain and diagnosed with spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy in natural conception. Ectopic pregnancy was successfully removed surgically to conserve the uterine pregnancy. After one week, patient presented with vaginal bleeding and diagnosed with missed abortion and lost her desired uterine pregnancy. This case report discusses the significance of early diagnosis and treatment of heterotopic pregnancy to avoid both fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Practitioners should carry a high index of suspicion for heterotopic pregnancy in patients presenting with common symptoms and carry a family history of multiple gestation pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aziz
- Family Medicine Center, West Kendall Baptist Hospital, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,Florida International University, Department of Humanities, Health, and Society (HHS), Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Center for Healthcare Advancement & Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julio Arronte
- Family Medicine Center, West Kendall Baptist Hospital, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.,West Kendall OBGYN, West Kendall Baptist Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
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Aksakal FI, Arslan H. Detoxification and reproductive system-related gene expression following exposure to Cu(OH) 2 nanopesticide in water flea (Daphnia magna Straus 1820). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:6103-6111. [PMID: 31863384 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07414-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of copper-based nanopesticides in agriculture has led to their release into the aquatic environment and causes a potential risk to aquatic biota. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the possible toxic effect of these nanopesticides on non-target aquatic organisms including invertebrates. Therefore, in this study, effects of commonly used copper-based nanopesticide "Kocide 3000" on gene expression related to detoxification (cyp360a8, gst, P-gp, and hr96) and reproductive system (cut, cyp314, dmrt93, and vtg) in Daphnia magna was investigated through an acute toxicity test. In general, exposure to the nanopesticide caused significant down-regulation of detoxification genes after 24 h and then significant up-regulation after 48 h. Exposure to the nanopesticide, however, significantly induced cut expression after 24 h. Moreover, dmrt93 and vtg genes were up-regulated after 48 h exposure to the nanopesticide. On the other hand, the expression of dmrt93 and vtg down-regulated at high concentration of Cu(OH)2 nanopesticide (1.5 ppm) after 96 h. The results of this study provide first evidence into the crucial role of genes related to detoxification and reproductive system in response to Cu(OH)2 nanopesticide. The use of physiological, biochemical bioassays, as well as gene expression, can help explain the toxic effect of copper-based nanopesticides and provide more insight into the exact mechanism of toxicity in non-target aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feyza Icoglu Aksakal
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Harun Arslan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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82
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Tang XY, Cai QY, Li YL, Lü F, Shan JY, Li Y. [Mechanism of Effects of Genistein on the Reproductive System of Prepubertal Male Rats]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2020; 51:7-12. [PMID: 31950782 DOI: 10.12182/20200160501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the effects of genistein (GEN) on reproductive system in prepubertal male rats. Methods Thirty SPF-rated male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (Con group), low-dose group (G1 group) and high-dose group (G2 group), with 10 rats in each group. Corn oil, 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg GEN dissolved in corn oil of equal volume were respectively administered every day and weighed the next day. After 6 weeks, the rats were sacrificed, and the testis, epididymis and prostate were dissected, and organ coefficients were calculated. Histopathological changes of testis was observed. The number of sperm was counted and the rate of sperm malformation was calculated. The concentrations of serum testosterone and estradiol were detected by radioimmunoassay. The protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma (PPP2R2C) protein expression in testicular tissue was detected by immunofluorescence assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PPP2R2C and cyclin dependent protein kinases 2 (CDK2) in rat testis were detected by real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot, respectively. The protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity in testicular tissue was detected by immunoprecipitation. Results There were no statistically significant differences in body mass, sperm number, serum estradiol and PP2A enzyme activity among the groups ( P>0.05). The pathological structure of testicular in G2 group was disordered. Sperm abnormality rate in G1 and G2 groups was higher than that in Con group ( P<0.05). Serum testosterone concentration in G2 group was lower than that in Con group ( P<0.05). The expression of PPP2R2C and CDK2 in G2 group was higher than that in Con group ( P<0.05), but the protein level was lower than that in Con group ( P<0.05). PPP2R2C protein was expressed in testicular tissue in each group. Conclusion Long-term exposure to high dose (300 mg/kg) GEN during prepuberty may cause adverse effects on reproductive function in adult male rats. Further investigation is needed to determine whether PPP2R2C-PP2A-CDK2 phosphorylation pathway affects reproductive system in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yue Tang
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Cai
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fan Lü
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing-Yan Shan
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Mianyang Third People's Hospital, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Reasearch Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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83
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Cabrillana ME, Bocanegra V, Monclus MA, Lancellotti TS, Simón L, Funes AK, Colombo R, Ruiz Estrabón M, Vincenti AE, Oliva R, Fornés MW. ODF1, sperm flagelar protein is expressed in kidney collecting ducts of rats. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02932. [PMID: 31867458 PMCID: PMC6906709 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ODF1 has been described as an exclusively expressed testicular protein and is located in the outer dense fibers along the sperm tail. ODF1 has been involved in the sperm motility and in the development of the flagellum, but the function of ODF1 is not already clear. Other ODF proteins, such as ODF2 have been characterized in other tissues like the basal body of the kidney primary cilium, but so far only the mRNA of ODF1 has been described in other tissues. These observations let us to hypothesize that the expression of the protein ODF1 could not be limited to the testis. Therefore, in the present work we proposed to evaluate if the ODF1 protein could also be present in tissues other than the testis. Here we demonstrated through western blot, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR techniques that the protein and mRNA of ODF1 have been identified in the rat kidney. Finally, the presence of ODF1 in kidney has also been confirmed through proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry. The results derived from these different complementary approaches indicate that, to our knowledge and for the first time, ODF1 is demonstrated to be present in an additional organ different to testis. This results raise new questions about potential other functions and locations of the ODF1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Cabrillana
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - V Bocanegra
- IMBECU-CONICET, UNCuyo (National University of Cuyo), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - M A Monclus
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Te Saez Lancellotti
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - L Simón
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - A K Funes
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - R Colombo
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - M Ruiz Estrabón
- Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - A E Vincenti
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - R Oliva
- Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, And Hospital Clinic, Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M W Fornés
- Andrologic Research Laboratory of Mendoza (LIAM), Histology and Embryology Institute of Mendoza (IHEM), CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.,Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Aconcagua, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
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84
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Oroojan AA, Ahangarpour A, Paknejad B, Zareian P, Hami Z, Abtahi SR. Effects of Myricitrin and Solid Lipid Nanoparticle-Containing Myricitrin on Reproductive System Disorders Induced by Diabetes in Male Mouse. World J Mens Health 2019; 39:147-157. [PMID: 32009314 PMCID: PMC7752505 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study investigates the effects of myricitrin and solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) containing myricitrin on the reproductive system of type 2 diabetic male mice. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, SLN containing myricitrin was prepared by the cold homogenization method. Then, 90 adult male Naval Medical Research Institute mice were divided into 9 groups (n=10): control, vehicle, diabetic, diabetic+myricitrin or SLN containing myricitrin 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) 15 minutes after nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) injection. Myricitrin and SLN containing myricitrin administered during 1 month. At the 34th days of the experiment, plasma and tissue samples were taken for experimental assessments. Results Testis weight and volume decreased in the diabetic group. These variables increased in diabetic treated mice by a high dose of myricitrin or all doses of SLN containing myricitrin (p<0.05). Total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase levels decreased in diabetic mice, and administration of myricitrin 10 mg/kg or all doses of SLN containing myricitrin increased them (p<0.05). Luteinizing hormone, Follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and sperm count decreased in the diabetic group, treatment with a high dose of myricitrin or all doses of SLN containing myricitrin recovered them (p<0.05). Diabetes induced vacuoles and apoptosis in testicular cells, meanwhile myricitrin and SLN containing myricitrin improved them (p<0.05). Conclusions Diabetes induced reproductive problem via increased oxidative stress and decrease antioxidant capacity, administration of myricitrin or SLN containing myricitrin improved them. Further, SLN containing myricitrin was more potent than myricitrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Oroojan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Babak Paknejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Zareian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Abtahi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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85
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Khodamoradi K, Amini-Khoei H, Khosravizadeh Z, Hosseini SR, Dehpour AR, Hassanzadeh G. Oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions and apoptosis mediated the negative effect of chronic stress induced by maternal separation on the reproductive system in male mice. Reprod Biol 2019; 19:340-348. [PMID: 31711846 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to severe and long-lasting stressors during early postnatal life negatively affects development of the brain and associated biological networks. Maternal separation (MS) is a valid stressful experience in early life that adversely affects neurobiological circuits. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of MS on sperm quality and histology of the testis in adult male mice. In this study, male mice were subjected to MS during post-natal days (PND) 2-14. Sperm parameters, histological alterations in the testicular tissue, ROS production (using DCFH-DA assay), gene expression of TLR4, NLRP3, TNFα, BAX, ASC, caspase-1 and BCL-2 (using RT-PCR), protein levels of caspase-3 and caspase-8 (using western blotting), and protein levels of IL-1β, IL-18, GPx and ATP (using ELISA) as well as protein expression of caspase-1 and NLRP3 (using immunocytochemistry) were evaluated. Findings showed that MS decreased count, morphology and viability of spermatozoa. MS decreased the diameter of seminiferous tubules and decreased the thickness of seminiferous epithelium. Furthermore, MS increased the level of ROS production and decreased the concentrations of GPx and ATP. MS led to increased expression of TLR4, NlRP3, TNFα, caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β and IL-18. In addition, MS induced apoptosis as evidenced by increased BAX, caspase-3 and caspase-8 as well as decreased BCL-2 expression. We concluded that early life stress induced by MS has detrimental effects on sperm parameters and testicular tissue. Our results suggest that these effects are mediated by activation of ROS production, and alterations in mitochondrial function, inflammatory processes and apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Khodamoradi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Khosravizadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hassanzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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86
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Ducza E, Csányi A, Szőke É, Pohóczky K, Hajagos-Tóth J, Kothencz A, Tiszai Z, Gáspár R. Significance of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 and aquaporin 5 co-expression in the rat uterus at term. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02697. [PMID: 31687520 PMCID: PMC6820280 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Aquaporins (AQPs) are channel proteins that facilitate the rapid passive movement of water. In our studies it was proved that the decreased AQP5 expression is followed by the increase of uterine contractility. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a calcium channel, which is activated in response to osmotic changes. Our aim was to determine the possible role of AQP5 in this osmotic regulation of TRPV4, thus in pregnant uterine contraction. Main methods We used RT-PCR and Western blot techniques for the detection of the TRPV4 expression during pregnancy in rat uterus. The localization of AQP5 and TRPV4 was determined by immunohistochemical studies. The role of TRPV4 in uterus contraction was investigated in an isolated organ bath system. In vitro uterus contractions were stimulated with KCl and its effect was investigated with the selective TRPV4 agonist (RN1747) and antagonist (RN1734). Key findings The TRPV4 expression continuously increased from day 18 to the last day of pregnancy. The co-expression of TRPV4 and AQP5 in the myometrium and endometrium was determined in the late pregnant uterus. The TRPV4 antagonist and agonist significantly decreased and increased uterine contraction, respectively, especially on the last day of pregnancy. Significance We presume the decreased AQP5 expression triggers hypertonic stress, which activates TRPV4 and increases uterus contraction on the day of labor. Based on these findings, we suppose the TRPV4 effect on uterus contraction is AQP5 control, which could be a new target in preterm birth therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Ducza
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Corresponding author.
| | - Adrienn Csányi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center & Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Pohóczky
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center & Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit Hajagos-Tóth
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Kothencz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zita Tiszai
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Gáspár
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Corresponding author.
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87
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Pourjafari F, Haghpanah T, Sharififar F, Nematollahi-Mahani SN, Afgar A, Asadi Karam G, Ezzatabadipour M. Protective effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of foeniculum vulgare and linum usitatissimum on ovarian follicle reserve in the first-generation mouse pups. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02540. [PMID: 31667392 PMCID: PMC6812208 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of fennel and flaxseed during pre- and post-natal period until puberty and menopause on ovarian follicular reserve (OFR). Methods Pregnant NMRI mice received fennel (FV, 500 mg/kg/day), flaxseed (LU, 500 mg/kg/day), LU + FV (500 mg/kg/day) and no treatment was given to the controls. Female pups were studied on post-natal-days 1, 56 and 240 (PND1, 56, 240). Ovary weight and diameters, the number of primordial (PF), atretic (AF) and apoptotic (APF) follicles were determined. The expression of Bcl2 and STAT3 (apoptosis-related-genes), micoRNA-125a-5p, and also serum levels of sex hormones were measured. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Results FV and FV + LU groups showed a marked rise in body and ovary weights and diameters as compared to the control group. The number of PF at PND1, PND56, and PND240 increased significantly in the FV and FV + LU groups but decreased in the LU group compared to the control mice. There was a significant reduction in the mean of AF in the FV and FV + LU group and a marked increase in the LU group compared to the controls. Also, more APF were observed in the LU group, whereas less apoptotic follicles were present in the FV group. FSH and estradiol serum levels increased significantly while LH decreased in the FV group. The anti-apoptotic-genes expression and pro-apoptotic microRNA, respectively, increased and decreased in the FV group versus control group. Conclusions It can be concluded that fennel alone and in combination with flaxseed could improve OFR during pregnancy, lactation, and afterwards until puberty and menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Pourjafari
- Anatomical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Haghpanah
- Anatomical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Ali Afgar
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asadi Karam
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Massood Ezzatabadipour
- Anatomical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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88
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Ke R, Ma X, Lee LTO. Understanding the functions of kisspeptin and kisspeptin receptor (Kiss1R) from clinical case studies. Peptides 2019; 120:170019. [PMID: 30339828 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that kisspeptin and its receptor Kiss1R play central regulatory roles in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis and reproduction. Mutations of KISS1 and KISS1R lead to disorders associated with pubertal development, such as central precocious puberty (CPP) and idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). This review focuses on KISS1 and KISS1R mutations found in CPP and IHH and its purposes are twofold: Firstly, based on the mutations found in KISS1 and KISS1R, this review provides insights into the precise mechanism of kisspeptin and the kisspeptin/Kiss1R pathway in the reproductive axis and in puberty. Secondly, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are known to share highly conserved structural motifs; therefore, knowledge of mutations found at different structural domains of Kiss1R in the diseased state, and how they affect Kiss1R function can be used to decipher GPCR domain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ke
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Leo T O Lee
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
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Kim YB, Cheon YP, Choi D, Lee SH. Adverse Effect of Nonylphenol on the Reproductive System in F2 Male Mice : A Qualitative Change? Dev Reprod 2019; 23:255-262. [PMID: 31660452 PMCID: PMC6812968 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2019.23.3.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported negative effects of low-dose nonylphenol (NP) exposure on
the reproductive organs of F1 male mice. In the present study was further
investigated the endocrine disrupting effect of NP exposure to F2 generation
male mice. Mice were divided into 2 groups; (1) CON, control animals and (2)
NP-50 (50 μg/L), animals were treated with NP via drinking water. NP
exposures were continuously conducted from parental pre-mating period until the
postnatal day (PND) 55 of F2 offsprings. Mice were sacrificed on PND 55 and the
reproductive tissue weights were measured. The initial (at PND 21) and terminal
(PND 55) body weights of the NP-50 group animals were not significantly
different from those of control group animals. NP exposure fail to induce a
significant weight change of the testes, seminal vesicle and prostate except
absolute epididymal weight (p<0.05). However,
pathohistological studies revealed that NP-treated F2 animals showed evident
decrease in seminiferous tubule diameters, reduced luminal area and number of
germ cells. Also, sloughing morphologies in the tubules were notable. In the
caudal epididymis, fewer mature sperms and swollen epithelial cells were found
in the NP-treated group. The present study demonstrated that the subchronic
low-dose NP exposure induced pathohistological abnormalities in testis and
epididymis of F2 mice, and we assumed that these ‘qualitative’
changes in reproductive tissues could be derived from the epigenetic
modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, altered DNA
accessibility and chromatin structure. Further studies are needed to achieve a
better understanding on the multi- or trans-generational effects of NP on
the reproductive health and a human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Bin Kim
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
| | - Yong-Pil Cheon
- Division of Developmental Biology and Physiology, Dept. of Lifetechnology, Sungshin University, Seoul 02844, Korea
| | - Donchan Choi
- Dept. of Life Science, College of Environmental Sciences, Yong-In University, Yongin 17092, Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
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90
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Skulska K, Wegrzyn AS, Chelmonska-Soyta A, Chodaczek G. Impact of tissue enzymatic digestion on analysis of immune cells in mouse reproductive mucosa with a focus on γδ T cells. J Immunol Methods 2019; 474:112665. [PMID: 31525366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2019.112665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal tissues are enriched in γδ T lymphocytes, which maintain epithelial homeostasis, however, the homeostatic mechanisms are still incompletely understood. To elucidate their role in the tissue integrity governance within the female genital mucosa we employed flow cytometry, which is a powerful tool used for the characterization of tissue-resident immune cells, however, often requiring cell release upon tissue enzymatic disaggregation. Here, we analyzed the impact of various proteolytic enzymes in their ability to effectively isolate viable immune cells from the reproductive system of non-pregnant mice. Murine vaginas and uteri were digested using commercially available enzyme blends (liberases) and single enzymes (dispase II and collagenase IV). Among tested enzymes, liberases released the highest number of cells from digested tissues while dispase II and collagenase IV led to a significant decrease in the number of isolated live cells. Also, liberases had only minor detrimental effects on cell viability and detection of CD45, CD3ε, γδ TCR and CD11c positive cells. We found that a single liberase blend called Liberase TL was the most suited for the analysis of γδ T cells in the reproductive tract. By examining two distinct phases of the estrous cycle - estrus and diestrus, characterized by high and low epithelial stratification, respectively, we showed that higher numbers of γδ T lymphocytes were present in the latter cycle phase in vagina and uterus. Interestingly, the diestrus-associated increase in γδ T lymphocyte number was also observed in reproductive tract draining lumbar lymph nodes but not in more distant, inguinal lymph nodes. Our data indicate that enzymes used for reproductive mucosa digestion have profound effects on the cell viability and isolation efficiency, which consequently influence the phenotypic and quantitative analysis of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Skulska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland; Łukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stablowicka 147, Wroclaw 54-066, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka S Wegrzyn
- Łukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stablowicka 147, Wroclaw 54-066, Poland.
| | - Anna Chelmonska-Soyta
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, Wroclaw 53-114, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Chodaczek
- Łukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stablowicka 147, Wroclaw 54-066, Poland.
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91
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Bafor EE, Greg-Egor E, Omoruyi O, Ochoyama E, Omogiade GU. Disruptions in the female reproductive system on consumption of calcium carbide ripened fruit in mouse models. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02397. [PMID: 31517122 PMCID: PMC6733785 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated for the first time the outcome of ingestion of calcium carbide-ripened fruit on some female reproductive parameters. A set of unripe mature bananas ripened with calcium carbide (CCRB) and another set ripened via non-artificial means (NARB) were fed orally to prepubertal female mice for three days using the uterotrophic assay procedure. A distilled water group and oestradiol group (10 mg/kg) were also assigned. Food intake, body weights, vaginal openings and cytology were analysed. Samples of blood, uteri, ovaries and cervices were additionally collected and analysed. Increased serum oestrogen level and uterus weight were detected in the CCRB and oestradiol treated groups. Histopathology showed increased numbers of myometrial cells, presence of secondary follicles and regressing corpus lutea as well as thickened cervix epithelia which were evidence of oestrogenic disruptions. This study has shown that consumption of fruits ripened with calcium carbide negatively alters the female reproductive physiology, accelerates puberty onset and increases serum oestrogen levels. Caution must therefore be exercised by fruit sellers in the use of calcium carbide and policies set in place for strict regulation of its use worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enitome E Bafor
- Reproductive Health/Ethnopharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, 300283, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuella Greg-Egor
- Reproductive Health/Ethnopharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, 300283, Nigeria
| | - Osemelomen Omoruyi
- Reproductive Health/Ethnopharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, 300283, Nigeria
| | - Ejiroghene Ochoyama
- Reproductive Health/Ethnopharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, 300283, Nigeria
| | - Glory U Omogiade
- Reproductive Health/Ethnopharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, 300283, Nigeria
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92
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Zhang T, Gao X, Luo X, Li L, Ma M, Zhu Y, Zhao L, Li R. The effects of long-term exposure to low doses of cadmium on the health of the next generation of mice. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 312:108792. [PMID: 31491373 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an important toxic chemical due to its increasing levels in the environment and bioaccumulation in humans and animals. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of long-term exposure to 1, 10, or 100 μg/L Cd in drinking water on the development, reproduction and neurotoxicity of offspring when administered to mice from parental puberty to postnatal 10 weeks in offspring. The development parameters measured in offspring included physical development, reflex ontogeny, body weight and body size. The reproductive indices measured consisted of anogenital distances (AGDs), estrous cycle, sperm quality, specific gene expression in Leydig or Sertoli cells, seminiferous epithelium cycle, sex hormone levels, histological morphology and apoptosis in testis or ovary, and the levels of oxidative stress. The determination of neurotoxicity included learning and memory ability, anxiety, and related serum indicators. In addition, blood lipid level, liver and kidney function were also determined by serum biochemical assays. The results showed that exposure to Cd in the present model had no adverse effects on development, but had some reproductive toxicity and neurotoxicity, including alteration of spermatogenic epithelial staging in testis and inducing anxiety in offspring. Furthermore, the levels of total protein, globulins, total bile acid and direct bilirubin were also significantly altered, especially in female offspring. The present study suggested that long-term exposure to low doses of Cd had adverse effects on the health of the next generation, and some harmful effects showed gender differences in offspring. The present study demonstrated that attention should be paid to Cd pollution in the environment, especially before pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Xiaohan Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Xue Luo
- Department of Tropical Medicine, College of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianbing Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Mingfu Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Yijian Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Letian Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China.
| | - Renyan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China; Post-doctoral Research Stations of Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China.
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93
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Genario R, Morello E, Bueno AA, Santos HO. The usefulness of melatonin in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104337. [PMID: 31276773 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of the female reproductive system, including those associated with hormone regulation, fertility rate and fetal health, are issues of great concern worldwide. More recently, melatonin supplementation has been suggested as a therapeutic approach in gynecological practice. In both animal models and in women, melatonin supplementation suggests a therapeutic and preventative potential, effects attributed mainly to its antioxidant properties and action as hormone modulator. The aim of this literature review is to further investigate the evidence available on the effects of melatonin supplementation in animal and human studies, focusing on its potential application to gynecology. Melatonin-containing supplements are easily found in online and high street retailers, and despite its supplementation deemed to be relatively safe, no consensus has been reached on effective dosage and supplementation period. Short term supplementation studies, of up to six months, suggest that a daily posology of 2-18 mg of melatonin may have the potential to improve fertility rate, oocyte quality, maturation and number of embryos. However, the evidence available so far on the effects of melatonin supplementation covering gestational age and gestational outcomes is very scarce. Clinical trials and longer-term supplementation studies are required to assess any clinical outcome associated with melatonin supplementation in the field of gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Genario
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Allain Amador Bueno
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester, WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Heitor Oliveira Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Av. Para, nº1720 Bloco 2U Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil.
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94
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Kim YB, Cheon YP, Lee SH. Adverse Effect of Nonylphenol on the Reproductive System in F1 Male Mice: A Subchronic Low-Dose Exposure Model. Dev Reprod 2019; 23:93-99. [PMID: 31321349 PMCID: PMC6635614 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2019.23.2.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenols (NPs) are widely used industrial materials, and are considered as
potent endocrine disrupting chemical. Present study was undertaken to clarify
the effect of subchronic low-dose NP exposure to F1 generation male mice. Mice
were divided into 2 groups; (1) CON, control animals and (2) NP-50 (50
μg/L), animals were treated with NP via drinking water. NP exposures were
continuously conducted from parental pre-mating period until the postnatal day
(PND) 55 of F1 offsprings. Mice were sacrificed on PND 55 and the tissue weights
were measured. The initial body weights (at PND 21) and terminal body weights
(PND 55) of the NP-50 animals were significantly lower than those of control
animals (p<0.05). NP exposure induced a significant
increase in the absolute weight of the testes (p<0.05).
Conversely, the NP exposure caused significant decrease in the absolute weights
of the epididymis (p<0.01), prostate
(p<0.05) and seminal vesicle
(p<0.05). Histopathological studies revealed that
NP-treated animals exerted decreased seminiferous tubule diameters, reduced
luminal area, and lower number of germ cells. Also some sloughing morphologies
in the tubules were observed. In the caudal epididymis, fewer mature sperms and
swollen epithelial cells were found in the NP-treated group. Our results
confirmed that the subchronic low-dose NP exposure altered some male parameters
and induced histopathological abnormalities in testis and epididymis of F1 mice.
Since the NP dose used in this study is close to the average human daily NP
exposure, our results could provide practically meaningful understanding of
adverse effect of EDC in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Bin Kim
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
| | - Yong-Pil Cheon
- Division of Developmental Biology and Physiology, School of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Sungshin University, Seoul 02844, Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
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95
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Mirzaee S, Ehsan Bayatpoor M, Shahyad S, Taghi Mohammadi M, Bahari Z. The protective effects of Crocin on testopathy in fat-fed and streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2019; 17. [PMID: 31435592 PMCID: PMC6693318 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v17i2.3986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Male hypogonadism is associated with type II diabetes mellitus due to testicular dysfunction. Medicinal plants have received considerable attention for the management of diabetes and its complications. Objective The aim of present study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic and protective influence of Crocin on testopathy in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, type II of diabetes mellitus was induced by high-fat diet and low dose of streptozotocin. Male Wistar rats (8 weeks, 150–200 gr, 18 rats; n= 6 per group) were divided into a control group (standard diet), diabetic group (streptozotocin+high-fat diet), and treatment group (High-fat diet+streptozotocin+Crocin at 20 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 60 days). After 60 days, animals were euthanized, testis and epididymis were dissected, and weights of testes and sperm count were analyzed. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained was done for histopathological examination. Blood samples were collected for the assessment of serum glucose and cholesterol. Results High-fat diet and streptozotocin significantly increased the serum glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to the control group (p≤ 0. 001). Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the weight of right (p= 0.008) and left testes (p≤ 0. 001) and also the total sperm count (p= 0.023) in the diabetic group compared with the control group. Current results also identified that type II diabetes mellitus induced degeneration in the morphology of seminiferous tubules. Application of Crocin could significantly decrease serum glucose and cholesterol levels (p= 0.003). Furthermore, Crocin treatment significantly increased the weight of the right (p= 0.026) and left (p= 0.014) testes and total sperm count (p= 0.000). Also, Crocin could attenuate the pathological changes of the testes in the treatment group. Conclusion Present findings concluded that Crocin treatment improved diabetic testopathy and impairment of seminiferous tubules induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mirzaee
- Students' Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shima Shahyad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahari
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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96
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Choi S, Ambros V. The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-28 coordinates the timing of hypodermal and somatic gonadal programs for hermaphrodite reproductive system morphogenesis. Development 2019; 146:dev164293. [PMID: 30745431 PMCID: PMC6432661 DOI: 10.1242/dev.164293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
C. elegans heterochronic genes determine the timing of expression of specific cell fates in particular stages of developing larvae. However, their broader roles in coordinating developmental events across diverse tissues have been less well investigated. Here, we show that loss of lin-28, a central heterochronic regulator of hypodermal development, causes reduced fertility associated with abnormal somatic gonadal morphology. In particular, the abnormal spermatheca-uterine valve morphology of lin-28(lf) hermaphrodites traps embryos in the spermatheca, which disrupts ovulation and causes embryonic lethality. The same genes that act downstream of lin-28 in the regulation of hypodermal developmental timing also act downstream of lin-28 in somatic gonadal morphogenesis and fertility. Importantly, we find that hypodermal expression, but not somatic gonadal expression, of lin-28 is sufficient for restoring normal somatic gonadal morphology in lin-28(lf) mutants. We propose that the abnormal somatic gonadal morphogenesis of lin-28(lf) hermaphrodites results from temporal discoordination between the accelerated hypodermal development and normally timed somatic gonadal development. Thus, our findings exemplify how a cell-intrinsic developmental timing program can also control proper development of other interacting tissues, presumably by cell non-autonomous signal(s). This article has an associated 'The people behind the papers' interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwook Choi
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Victor Ambros
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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97
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Guo WT, Wang Y. Dgcr8 knockout approaches to understand microRNA functions in vitro and in vivo. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1697-1711. [PMID: 30694346 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biologic function of the majority of microRNAs (miRNAs) is still unknown. Uncovering the function of miRNAs is hurdled by redundancy among different miRNAs. The deletion of Dgcr8 leads to the deficiency in producing all canonical miRNAs, therefore, overcoming the redundancy issue. Dgcr8 knockout strategy has been instrumental in understanding the function of miRNAs in a variety of cells in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we will first give a brief introduction about miRNAs, miRNA biogenesis pathway and the role of Dgcr8 in miRNA biogenesis. We will then summarize studies performed with Dgcr8 knockout cell models with a focus on embryonic stem cells. After that, we will summarize results from various in vivo Dgcr8 knockout models. Given significant phenotypic differences in various tissues between Dgcr8 and Dicer knockout, we will also briefly review current progresses on understanding miRNA-independent functions of miRNA biogenesis factors. Finally, we will discuss the potential use of a new strategy to stably express miRNAs in Dgcr8 knockout cells. In future, Dgcr8 knockout approaches coupled with innovations in miRNA rescue strategy may provide further insights into miRNA functions in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Guo
- Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
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98
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Aiken CE, Tarry-Adkins JL, Ozanne SE. Assaying Reproductive Capacity in Female Rodents. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1916:157-166. [PMID: 30535693 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8994-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
It is an important part of many rodent studies to assess reproductive capacity in the female. Animal models that involve exposure to organic compounds, teratogenicity studies, or exposure to suboptimal environments during early development often result in deficits in female fertility. In addition to longitudinal physiology assays of fecundity, there are several molecular biology approaches to assessing female reproductive potential that can be performed to provide a "snapshot" of fertility potential at a single time-point. Here we describe some of the most useful ways to assess female reproductive capacity in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Aiken
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jane L Tarry-Adkins
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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99
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Azat Rasimovich A, Rasim Mindrakhmanovich A. The effect of inflammatory diseases associated with opportunistic urogenital infection on the hormonal function of the female reproductive system. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018; 16:697-702. [PMID: 30775685 PMCID: PMC6350851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted infections play a great role in formation of inflammatory diseases of female urogenital system. These diseases can cause a decrease in the level of female sex hormones, as well as the ratio of estrogens and androgens. OBJECTIVE To determine changes in the state of sex hormones in women with inflammatory diseases of ovaries associated with opportunistic urogenital flora. MATERIALS AND METHODS 136 women aged 18-39 yr participated in this cross-sectional clinical study. They were examined with the use of a complex of clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods of examination. The patients with confirmed diagnosis of inflammatory disease of reproductive system associated with opportunistic urogenital infection have been under blood analysis to reveal the concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and estrogens. RESULTS After the treatment the functional capacity of ovary significantly increased, proved by a corresponding increase in the concentration of estradiol hormone in blood serum in all phases of menstrual cycle. According to estradiol in follicular phase its concentration was increased from 421.8±10.8 nmol/L to 581.3±10.2 nmol/L. The elevation in the ratio of estradiol/testosterone hormones in blood serum also is demonstrated. CONCLUSION Inflammatory diseases associated with opportunistic urogenital infection is responsible for a decrease of female sex hormones and the ratio of estrogens and androgens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdrakhmanov Azat Rasimovich
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,University Kazan Clinic, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
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100
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Yang P, Zhen JF, Pang M, Hu K, Zhao W, Dong F, Tian L, Ke XY, Jing HM. [Analysis of survival and treatment outcome of patients with primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma in reproductive system]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1593-1596. [PMID: 29886651 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.20.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze clinical feature and treatment outcome of patients with primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL) in reproductive system. Methods: A total of 26 patients with DLBCL in reproductive system were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical features, laboratory data were included in Kaplan-Meier and prognostic analysis. Results: In our center, the incidence of primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma in reproductive system was 3.5% in all DLBCL patients, and the median age was 62.0 years. Male are more common with unilateral testicular involvement, and 38.5% patients belong to Ⅲ and Ⅳstage while 84.6% patients belong to non-germinal center B cell-like subgroup. The overall response rate(ORR) for the whole group was 88.5%. The complete response rate was 76.9%. The 3, 5-year progression free survival rate was 70.5% and 62.7% , and the 3, 5-year overall survival rate was 83.5% and 69.6%, respectively. The most common recurrent sites were contralateral testis and central nervous system. Rituximab can improve the survival of patients and combined with contralateral irradiation can furtherly improve progression free survival of patients(P=0.047). Clinical stage, B symptom, IPI, the level of LDH, and CRP, age>60 years, and initial treatment outcome were predictive of overall survival. Conclusion: Primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma in reproductive system is a rare type of extranodal DLBCL which occurs in older men with aggressive features. The most common sites of recurrence were contralateral testis and central nervous system. Surgery, rituximab , radiotherapy and prophylactic intrathecal injection can improve the survival of patients and may be the first-line treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yang
- Department of Hematology, the Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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