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Liasi E, Kantilafti M, Hadjimbei E, Chrysostomou S. Monacolin K supplementation in patients with hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review of clinical trials. Semergen 2024; 50:102156. [PMID: 38310834 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2023.102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Monacolin K is the major active component in red yeast rice (RYR) which is structurally identical to lovastatin and has the most powerful effect, in terms of reducing blood cholesterol levels. This review aimed to examine the effect and safety of different doses of monacolin K on blood cholesterol levels. PubMed and Cochrane were searched for articles published between 2012 and 2023 for clinical-trials and randomized-controlled-trials. Eligible studies included participants>18-years-old, of any gender and ethnicity. The intervention/exposure of interest was monacolin K. Hypercholesterolemia was considered the outcome of interest defined as the elevated total or low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. 12 randomized-controlled-trials were eligible for inclusion in the analysis including 769 participants>18-years-old. 11 out of 12 studies were assessed with high methodological quality and one study with low methodological quality. Monacolin K supplementation varied between 2mg and 10mg per day and the maximum period of supplementation was 12 weeks. All studies indicated a beneficial effect of monacolin supplementation on LDL and total cholesterol levels (p<0.05) regardless the dose and period of supplementation. Also, 3 of the included studies reported adverse side effects after treatment with monacolin K. Low doses of monacolin K equal to 3mg/day exert potential cholesterol-lowering effects although the number of relative studies is limited. Regarding the safety of monacolin K supplementation, findings seem to be more controversial and therefore, it is suggested for all patients treated with monacolin K to be routinely monitored regardless the dose of supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Liasi
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - M Kantilafti
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - E Hadjimbei
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - S Chrysostomou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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52
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Yamaguchi Y, Takeda K, Yoshida S, Maruo K. Optimal biological dose selection in dose-finding trials with model-assisted designs based on efficacy and toxicity: a simulation study. J Biopharm Stat 2024; 34:379-393. [PMID: 37114985 DOI: 10.1080/10543406.2023.2202259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
With the emergence of molecular targeted agents and immunotherapies in anti-cancer treatment, a concept of optimal biological dose (OBD), accounting for efficacy and toxicity in the framework of dose-finding, has been widely introduced into phase I oncology clinical trials. Various model-assisted designs with dose-escalation rules based jointly on toxicity and efficacy are now available to establish the OBD, where the OBD is generally selected at the end of the trial using all toxicity and efficacy data obtained from the entire cohort. Several measures to select the OBD and multiple methods to estimate the efficacy probability have been developed for the OBD selection, leading to many options in practice; however, their comparative performance is still uncertain, and practitioners need to take special care of which approaches would be the best for their applications. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive simulation study to demonstrate the operating characteristics of the OBD selection approaches. The simulation study revealed key features of utility functions measuring the toxicity-efficacy trade-off and suggested that the measure used to select the OBD could vary depending on the choice of the dose-escalation procedure. Modelling the efficacy probability might lead to limited gains in OBD selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yamaguchi
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc, Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | - Kentaro Takeda
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc, Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Kazushi Maruo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Datta-Mannan A, Regev A, Coutant DE, Dropsey AJ, Foster J, Jones S, Poorbaugh J, Schmitz C, Wang E, Woodman ME. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of an Oral Small Molecule Inhibitor of IL-17A (LY3509754): A Phase I Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 115:1152-1161. [PMID: 38294091 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
For some patients with psoriasis, orally administered small molecule inhibitors of interleukin (IL)-17A may represent a convenient alternative to IL-17A-targeting monoclonal antibodies. This first-in-human study assessed the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PKs), and peripherally circulating IL-17A target engagement profile of single or multiple oral doses of the small molecule IL-17A inhibitor LY3509754 (NCT04586920). Healthy participants were randomly assigned to receive LY3509754 or placebo in sequential escalating single ascending dose (SAD; dose range 10-2,000 mg) or multiple ascending dose (MAD; dose range 100-1,000 mg daily for 14 days) cohorts. The study enrolled 91 participants (SAD, N = 51 and MAD, N = 40) aged 21-65 years (71% men). LY3509754 had a time to maximum concentration (Tmax) of 1.5-3.5 hours, terminal half-life of 11.4-19.1 hours, and exhibited dose-dependent increases in exposure. LY3509754 had strong target engagement, indicated by elevated plasma IL-17A levels within 12 hours of dosing. Four participants from the 400-mg (n = 1) and 1,000-mg (n = 3) MAD cohorts experienced increased liver transaminases or acute hepatitis (onset ≥ 12 days post-last LY3509754 dose), consistent with drug-induced liver injury (DILI). One case of acute hepatitis was severe, resulted in temporary hospitalization, and was classified as a serious adverse event. No adverse effects on other major organ systems were observed. Liver biopsies from three of the four participants revealed lymphocyte-rich, moderate-to-severe lobular inflammation. We theorize that the DILI relates to an off-target effect rather than IL-17A inhibition. In conclusion, despite strong target engagement and a PK profile that supported once-daily administration, this study showed that oral dosing with LY3509754 was poorly tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arie Regev
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Evan Wang
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Klein AK, Austin EW, Cunningham MJ, Dvorak D, Gatti S, Hulls SK, Kiss L, Kruegel AC, Marek GJ, Papp M, Sporn J, Hughes ZA. GM-1020: a novel, orally bioavailable NMDA receptor antagonist with rapid and robust antidepressant-like effects at well-tolerated doses in rodents. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:905-914. [PMID: 38177696 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01783-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine has shown great potential as a rapid-acting antidepressant; however, its use is limited by poor oral bioavailability and a side effect profile that necessitates in-clinic dosing. GM-1020 is a novel NMDAR antagonist that was developed to address these limitations of ketamine as a treatment for depression. Here, we present the preclinical characterization of GM-1020 alongside ketamine, for comparison. In vitro, we profiled GM-1020 for binding to NMDAR and functional inhibition using patch-clamp electrophysiology. In vivo, GM-1020 was assessed for antidepressant-like efficacy using the Forced Swim Test (FST) and Chronic Mild Stress (CMS), while motor side effects were assessed in spontaneous locomotor activity and on the rotarod. The pharmacokinetic properties of GM-1020 were profiled across multiple preclinical species. Electroencephalography (EEG) was performed to determine indirect target engagement and provide a potentially translational biomarker. These results demonstrate that GM-1020 is an orally bioavailable NMDAR antagonist with antidepressant-like efficacy at exposures that do not produce unwanted motor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dino Dvorak
- Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Laszlo Kiss
- Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Mariusz Papp
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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Peñuela-Sierra LM, Aragão-Neto VL, Lozano-Cruz P, Mejia-Abaunza JN, Ali M, Cabañas-Ojeda J, Yang Y, Alfaro-Wisaquillo MC, Quintana-Ospina GA, Vasanthakumari BL, Wealleans A, Lao Y, Oviedo-Rondón EO. Multiprotease improves amino acid release in vitro, energy, and nutrient utilization in broilers fed diets varying in crude protein levels. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103546. [PMID: 38430776 PMCID: PMC10912919 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Low crude protein (CP) diets can reduce nitrogen (N) excretion and costs by increasing N utilization efficiency. Exogenous proteases may further improve protein digestibility in low CP diets. This study first evaluated in vitro the efficacy of a multiprotease on amino acid (AA) release from feedstuffs and broiler feed. Later, a broiler study evaluated the effect of feeding corn-soybean meal diets containing 3 CP levels (17, 19, and 21% CP) with supplementation on top of 0 or 2,400 U/kg multiprotease on chicken growth performance, total tract CP, and ileal AA digestibilities, and energy utilization. Ross 708 male chickens were placed in 42 cages and assigned to 6 treatments resulting from a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Three isocaloric basal diets were formulated to reduce CP, but all diets maintained digestible Lys:CP in 5.47% and the same ideal protein profile. Data were analyzed in a completely randomized design. On average, the multiprotease increased (P < 0.05) in vitro free AA release by 27.81% in most feedstuffs evaluated compared to the control. For broiler feed, 1,200 U/g multiprotease addition improved (P < 0.001) in vitro free AA release by 18.90%. This multiprotease showed interaction effects (P < 0.05) on chicken FCR, energy, and CP digestibility. As expected, BW at 24 d, BW gain, and FCR (8-24 d) worsened (P < 0.001) as dietary CP reduced from 21 to 17%, and multiprotease addition did not improve (P > 0.05) these parameters. BW gain decreased by 12.9% when N intake was reduced from 49.32 to 38.49 g/bird. Multiprotease supplementation improved (P < 0.01) AMEn by 71 kcal/kg, CP digestibility from 59.45 to 63.51%, ileal AA digestibility, and DM digestibility from 67.08 to 73.49%, but only in the 21% CP diet. No differences in ileal AA digestibility due to CP level (P > 0.05) were detected, except for Cys digestibility (P < 0.01). In conclusion, low CP diets reduced growth performance and improved N utilization but negatively affected energy utilization efficiency. Exogenous multiprotease supplementation improved AME, AMEn, protein, ileal AA, and DM digestibility in the 21% CP diet without significantly affecting growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina M Peñuela-Sierra
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA; College of Veterinary Medicine, Universyty of Tolima, Ibagué, Tolima, 730006299, Colombia
| | - Valmiro L Aragão-Neto
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Paula Lozano-Cruz
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA; College of Veterinary Medicine, Universyty of Tolima, Ibagué, Tolima, 730006299, Colombia
| | - Juan Nicolas Mejia-Abaunza
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA; College of Veterinary Medicine, Universyty of Tolima, Ibagué, Tolima, 730006299, Colombia
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Joaquin Cabañas-Ojeda
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Yanlin Yang
- Kemin (China) Technologies Co., Zhuhai, 519040 , China
| | | | | | | | | | - Ye Lao
- Kemin Industries, Des Moines, Iowa 50317, USA
| | - Edgar O Oviedo-Rondón
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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Flori L, Lazzarini G, Spezzini J, Pirone A, Calderone V, Testai L, Miragliotta V. The isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis: A biochemical and histological investigation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116534. [PMID: 38565062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial fibrosis is considered a reliable and repeatable experimental model characterized by a relatively low mortality rate. Although is well-known that ISO stimulates the β1 adrenergic receptors at the myocardial level, a high degree of heterogeneity emerges around the doses and duration of the treatment generating unclear results. Therefore, we propose to gain insights into the progression of ISO-induced myocardial fibrosis, in order to critically analyze and optimize the experimental model. Male Wistar rats (12-14-week-old) were submitted to subcutaneous injection of ISO, in particular, two doses were selected: the commonly used dose of 5 mg/kg and a lower dose of 1 mg/kg, administered for 3 and 6 days. Biochemical and histological examinations were conducted either immediately after the last administration or after a recovering period of 7 or 14 days from the initial administration. Noteworthy, from our investigation emerged that even the lower dose of ISO was able to induce the maximal biochemical and histological alterations, suggesting that lower doses should be considered to control the progression of the damage more precisely and to identify a prodromic phase in which intervention with pharmacological or nutraceutical tools can be effectively attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6-56120, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Lazzarini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, via Delle Piagge 2-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jacopo Spezzini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6-56120, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Pirone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, via Delle Piagge 2-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6-56120, Pisa, Italy; CISUP, Centro per l'Integrazione della Strumentazione dell'Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6-56120, Pisa, Italy; CISUP, Centro per l'Integrazione della Strumentazione dell'Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, Pisa 56126, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Miragliotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, via Delle Piagge 2-56124, Pisa, Italy; CISUP, Centro per l'Integrazione della Strumentazione dell'Università di Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, Pisa 56126, Italy
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57
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de Oliveira GV, Soares MV, Cordeiro LM, da Silva AF, Venturini L, Ilha L, Baptista FBO, da Silveira TL, Soares FAA, Iglesias BA. Toxicological assessment of photoactivated tetra-cationic porphyrin molecules under white light exposure in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. Toxicology 2024; 504:153793. [PMID: 38574843 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizes the potential of photosensitizing substances to absorb light energy and produce reactive oxygen species. Tetra-cationic porphyrins, which have organic or coordination compounds attached to their periphery, are heterocyclic derivatives with well-described antimicrobial and antitumoral properties. This is due to their ability to produce reactive oxygen species and their photobiological properties in solution. Consequently, these molecules are promising candidates as new and more effective photosensitizers with biomedical, environmental, and other biomedical applications. Prior to human exposure, it is essential to establish the toxicological profile of these molecules using in vivo models. In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans, a small free-living nematode, as a model for assessing toxic effects and predicting toxicity in preclinical research. We evaluated the toxic effects of porphyrins (neutral and tetra-cationic) on nematodes under dark/light conditions. Our findings demonstrate that tetra-methylated porphyrins (3TMeP and 4TMeP) at a concentration of 3.3 µg/mL (1.36 and 0.93 µM) exhibit high toxicity (as evidenced by reduced survival, development, and locomotion) under dark conditions. Moreover, photoactivated tetra-methylated porphyrins induce higher ROS levels compared to neutral (3TPyP and 4TPyP), tetra-palladated (3PdTPyP and 4PdTPyP), and tetra-platinated (3PtTPyP and 4PtTPyP) porphyrins, which may be responsible for the observed toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Vitória de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcell Valandro Soares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marafiga Cordeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline Franzen da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luiza Venturini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Ilha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Bicca Obetine Baptista
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tássia Limana da Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Bernardo Almeida Iglesias
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Porphyrinic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Ribeiro ACS, Pinto PHN, Santos JDR, Ramalho NP, Laeber CCR, Balaro MFA, Batista RITP, Souza-Fabjan JMG, da Fonseca JF, Ungerfeld R, Brandão FZ. The pFSH dose affects the efficiency of in vivo embryo production in Santa Inês ewes. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 264:107459. [PMID: 38598889 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
This study compared the follicular growth, superovulatory response, and in vivo embryo production after administering two doses of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (pFSH) in Santa Inês ewes. The estrous cycle of 36 multiparous ewes was synchronized with the Day 0 protocol and superovulated with 133 mg (G133, n=18) or 200 mg (G200, n=18) of pFSH. Ultrasonographic evaluations of the ovaries were performed, ewes were mated and submitted to non-surgical embryo recovery. Viable blastocysts were stained with Nile Red and Hoechst. The G200 had a greater number of medium and large follicles, as well as a larger size of the third largest follicle. A total of 97.2% (35/36) of the ewes came into estrus and it was possible to transpose cervix in 80.6% (29/36). There were no effects of treatments in the response to superovulation, the proportion of ewes in which was possible to transpose the cervix, the number of corpora lutea, the number of anovulatory follicles, the proportion of ewes flushed with at least one recovered structure, number of recovered structures, number of viable embryos, viability rate, and recovery rate. The G200 ewes were in estrus for a longer period of time than the G133 ewes (54.0 ± 4.5 h vs. 40.3 ± 3.6 h) and produced more freezable embryos (6.5 ± 1.6 vs. 2.3 ± 0.7) than G133. Both doses promoted an efficient superovulatory response and did not affect embryonic lipid accumulation. The dose of 200 mg of pFSH showed greater potential to increase the superovulatory response, as it increased follicular recruitment and the recovery of freezable embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Sarzedas Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Henrique Nicolau Pinto
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil
| | | | - Nadiala Porto Ramalho
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil
| | - Camila Correa Roza Laeber
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil
| | - Mario Felipe Alvarez Balaro
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jeferson Ferreira da Fonseca
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Núcleo Regional Sudeste, Rodovia MG 133, Km 42, Coronel Pacheco, MG CEP 36155-000, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Ungerfeld
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Ruta 8 km 18, Montevideo 13000, Uruguay
| | - Felipe Zandonadi Brandão
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Vital Brasil Filho, 64, Niterói, RJ CEP 24230-340, Brazil.
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Singh H, Singh H, Sharma S, Kaur H, Kaur A, Kaur S, Kaur S, Sahajpal NS, Chaubey A, Shahtaghi NR, Kaur I, Jain SK. Genotoxic and mutagenic potential of 7-methylxanthine: an investigational drug molecule for the treatment of myopia. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:264-273. [PMID: 36594462 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2164011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
7-Methylxanthine (7-MX, CAS No. 552-62-5, purity 99.46%) is the first orally administered drug candidate, which showed anti-myopic activity in different pre-clinical studies. In the present study, we investigated the in-vivo genotoxic and mutagenic toxicity of 7-MX in Wistar rats using comet/single-cell gel electrophoresis, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assays after oral administration. For the single-dose study (72 h), two doses of 7-MX 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight were selected. For a repeated dose 28 d study, three doses (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) of 7-MX were selected. The doses were administered via oral gavage in the suspension form. Blood and major vital organs such as bone marrow, lung and liver were used to perform comet/single cell gel electrophoresis, chromosomal aberration, and micronucleus assays. The in-vitro Ames test was performed on TA98 and TA100 strains. In the chromosomal aberration study, a non-significant increase in deformities such as stickiness, ring chromosome, and endoreduplication was observed in bone marrow cells of 7-MX treated groups. These chromosomal alterations were observed upon treatment with doses of 2000 mg/kg single dose for 72 h and 1000 mg/kg repeated dose for 28 d. At a dose of 500 mg/kg, DNA damage in terms of tail length, tail moment, % tail DNA and the olive tail moment was also found to be non-significant in 7-MX treated groups. The Ames test showed the non-mutagenic nature of 7-MX in both strains of TA98 and TA100 of Salmonella typhimurium with or without metabolic activation. Thus, the present work is interesting in view of the non- genotoxicity and non-mutagenicity of repeated doses of 7-MX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Government Polytechnic College, Amritsar, India
| | - Harmanpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Georgia, USA
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Harmanpreet Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Arvinder Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar India
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar India
| | - Nikhil Shri Sahajpal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Georgia, USA
| | - Alka Chaubey
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Bionano Genomics Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Navid Reza Shahtaghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Inderjeet Kaur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, India
| | - Subheet Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Center for Basic and Translational Research in Health Science, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Kitaura H, Fukushima K, Fukuda M, Ito Y, Kakita A. Pharmacological evaluation of E2730, a novel selective uncompetitive GAT1 inhibitor, on epileptiform activities in resected brain tissues from human focal cortical dysplasia ex vivo. Epilepsy Res 2024; 202:107364. [PMID: 38640591 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is an important etiology of focal epilepsy in children and adults. However, only a few preclinical models sufficiently reproduce the characteristic histopathologic features of FCD. To improve the success rate of clinical trials for antiseizure medications (ASMs) in patients with FCD, more human-relevant preclinical models are needed, and epileptic foci resected from patients are a powerful tool for this purpose. Here, we conducted ex vivo studies using epileptic foci resected from patients with FCD type II to evaluate the pharmacologic effects of the ASM candidate E2730, a selective uncompetitive inhibitor of γ-aminobutyric acid transporter 1. We used the same ex vivo assay system to assess carbamazepine (CBZ), an ASM often prescribed for focal epilepsy, as a reference. At the higher dose tested (200 µM), both E2730 and CBZ suppressed spontaneous epileptiform activities almost completely. At the lower dose (100 µM), CBZ reduced the area of brain tissue showing epileptiform activity, whereas E2730 significantly decreased the number of epileptiforms. These findings suggest that E2730-both as a single agent and in combination with CBZ-merits evaluation in clinical trials involving patients with FCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kitaura
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Komatsu University, 14-1 Mukaimotoori, Komatsu City, Ishikawa 923-0961, Japan; Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1 Asahimachi, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Kazuyuki Fukushima
- Microenvironment Dynamics Domain, Deep Human Biology Learning, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masafumi Fukuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Nishiniigata Chuo Hospital, 1 Masago, Nishi-ku, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ito
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Nishiniigata Chuo Hospital, 1 Masago, Nishi-ku, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1 Asahimachi, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
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Sun M, Chen WM, Wu SY, Zhang J. Dose-Dependent Effect of Aspirin Use in Reducing Diabetes-Associated Dementia Risk Among Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:889-897.e2. [PMID: 38642589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between aspirin use and diabetes-associated dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), assessing aspirin's potential protective effects, intensity of use, and dose-dependency against dementia. DESIGN A cohort study evaluating the dose-dependent protective impact of aspirin against dementia in a population-based sample. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Older patients with T2DM (≥60 years), comparing aspirin users with nonusers. METHODS Used a time-varying Cox hazards model to assess dementia incidence. RESULTS Older aspirin users exhibited a significant reduction in dementia risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.44; 95% CI, 0.41-0.46). The lowest aHRs for dementia were observed at a daily intensity of 0.91 defined daily doses (DDDs), and higher daily dosages (>0.91 DDD) showed gradually increasing aHRs (although still <1). Analysis of cumulative DDD revealed a dose-response relationship, with progressively lower aHRs across quartiles (0.16, 0.42, 0.57, and 0.63 for quartiles 4, 3, 2, and 1, respectively) compared with never aspirin users (P for trend < .0001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Aspirin use in older patients with T2DM significantly reduces dementia risk. The optimal daily intensity of aspirin use (0.91 DDD) is associated with the lowest aHR for dementia. These findings suggest a dose-dependent relationship, supporting the potential benefits of higher cumulative dosages of aspirin in reducing dementia risk in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wan-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Division of Radiation Oncology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Management, College of Management, Fo Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan.
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Kenger İH, Yıldız H, Hüsunet MT, DÖNbak L, Kayraldız A. Elucidation of the cytogenotoxic potential of vigabatrin and its in silico computer-assisted DNA interaction. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:314-321. [PMID: 36752088 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2174988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Vigabatrin (VGB) is a gammaaminobutyric acid-ergic (GABA-ergic) antiepileptic drug (AED) and is one of 2 approved drugs available to treat infantile spasms (IS). The aim of this study is to elucidate conflicting data on the toxic effects of VGB and to obtain detailed information about its possible cytogenotoxic effects in human lymphocytes. For this purpose, in vitro Chromosomal Aberration (CA), Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE), Micronucleus (MN) tests, and Comet Assay were performed to determine possible genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of VGB. In addition, the binding energy level of VGB to DNA was determined in silico by molecular docking. The highest concentration (80 μg/ml) of VGB increased the SCE, CA, MN and micronucleated binuclear cell (BNMN) frequency significantly compared to the control after 24 and 48 hours of treatment. In the tail density and tail length parameters, the dose-dependent increase was found to be statistically significant compared to the control. At the 40 and 80 μg/ml concentrations of VGB for 48 hours caused a statistically significant increase in both CA/Cell and AC percentages, while MI and NDI decreased only significantly at the highest concentration (80 µg/ml) causing. In the Comet Assay head density, tail density and tail length parameters, the dose-dependent increase was found to be statistically significant compared to the control. Also, the in silico molecular docking analysis showed that VGB interacts with B-DNA close to the threshold binding energy. The lowest negative free binding energy (ΔG binding) was found as -5.13 kcal/mol. In conclusion, all results are evaluated together, it has been determined that VGB has cytogenotoxic effects in vitro and binds to DNA in silico with significant free binding energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Halil Kenger
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Gaziantep Islam, Science, and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Hamit Yıldız
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tahir Hüsunet
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Gaziantep Islam, Science, and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Lale DÖNbak
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Onikişubat, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Kayraldız
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Onikişubat, Türkiye
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Iyer GR, Darpo B, Xue H, Lecot J, Zack J, Bebrevska L, Weis W, Jones I, Drollmann A. Concentration-QTcF Modeling of Icenticaftor from a Randomized, Placebo- and Positive-Controlled Thorough QT Study in Healthy Participants. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2024; 13:572-584. [PMID: 38284433 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Icenticaftor (QBW251) is a potentiator of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane receptor. Based on its mechanism of action, icenticaftor is expected to provide benefits in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by restoring mucociliary clearance, which would eventually lead to a reduction of bacterial colonization and related inflammatory cascade. A placebo- and positive-controlled, 4-way crossover thorough QT study was conducted in 46 healthy participants with the objective to assess the effect of therapeutic (300 mg twice daily for 6 days) and supratherapeutic (750 mg twice daily for 6 days) oral doses of icenticaftor on electrocardiogram parameters, including concentration-corrected QT (QTc) analysis. Moxifloxacin (400 mg, oral) was used as a positive control. In the concentration-QTc analysis performed on pooled data from Day 1 and Day 6 (steady state), the estimated population slope was shallow and slightly negative: -0.0012 ms/ng/mL. The effect on the Fridericia corrected QT (QTcF) interval (∆ΔQTcF) was predicted to be -1.3 milliseconds at the icenticaftor 300-mg twice-daily peak concentration (geometric mean was 1094 ng/mL) and -5.5 milliseconds at the 750-mg twice-daily peak concentration (geometric mean Cmax was 4529 ng/mL) indicated a mild shortening effect of icenticaftor on QTcF interval length. The results of the by-time-point analysis indicated least squares placebo corrected mean ∆∆QTcF across time points ranged from -7.9 to 0.1 milliseconds at 1 and 24 hours after dosing both on Day 6 in the 750-mg dose group compared with -3.7 to 1.6 milliseconds at 1.5 and 24 hours after dosing on Day 1 in the 300-mg dose group. Assay sensitivity was demonstrated with moxifloxacin. The large accumulation of exposures, especially the 4.3-fold increase in peak plasma concentration observed at the icenticaftor 750-mg twice-daily dosage compared with Icenticaftor 300 mg twice daily (2.3-fold) on Day 6 provided a large concentration range (up to 9540 ng/mL) to evaluate the effect of icenticaftor on ΔΔQTcF. Based on the concentration-QTc analysis, an effect on ΔΔQTcF exceeding 10 milliseconds can be excluded within the full observed ranges of plasma concentrations on icenticaftor, up to approximately 9540 ng/mL. Icenticaftor at the studied doses demonstrated a mild shortening in QTcF, which is unlikely to be of clinical relevance in a therapeutic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh R Iyer
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Jean Lecot
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Zack
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | | | - Wendy Weis
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Ieuan Jones
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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He YY, Sun J, Wu YE, Wang YB, van den Anker J, Hao GX, Sun DQ, Zhao W. Population pharmacokinetics and dose optimization of levofloxacin in elderly patients with pneumonia. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 90:1213-1221. [PMID: 38317382 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.16003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Levofloxacin is a quinolone antibiotic with a broad antibacterial spectrum. It is frequently used in elderly patients with pneumonia. The pharmacokinetic profile of elderly patients changes with age, but data on the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in these patients are limited. The aim of this study was to establish a population pharmacokinetic model of levofloxacin in elderly patients with pneumonia and to optimize individualized dosing regimens based on this newly developed model. METHODS This is a prospective, open-label pharmacokinetic study in elderly patients with pneumonia. Blood samples were collected using an opportunistic approach. The plasma concentrations of levofloxacin were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. A population pharmacokinetic model was established using nonlinear mixed-effect model software. Monte Carlo simulations were used for dose simulation and dose optimization. RESULTS Data from 51 elderly patients with pneumonia were used for the population pharmacokinetic analysis. A one-compartment model with first-order elimination was most suitable for describing the data, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was the only covariate that had a significant impact on the model. The final model estimated that the mean clearance of levofloxacin in elderly patients with pneumonia was 5.26 L/h. Monte Carlo simulation results showed that the optimal dosing regimen for levofloxacin was 750 mg once a day in elderly patients with pneumonia, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS The population pharmacokinetic model of levofloxacin in elderly patients with pneumonia was established, and the dose optimization of levofloxacin was completed through Monte Carlo simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ying He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue-E Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong-Bin Wang
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - John van den Anker
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology & Physiology, Genomics and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Paediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guo-Xiang Hao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - De-Qing Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Trial Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Wright DFB, Hishe HZ, Stocker SL, Dalbeth N, Horne A, Drake J, Haslett J, Phipps-Green AJ, Merriman TR, Stamp LK. The development and evaluation of dose-prediction tools for allopurinol therapy (Easy-Allo tools). Br J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 90:1268-1279. [PMID: 38359899 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.16005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Dose escalation at the initiation of allopurinol therapy can be protracted and resource intensive. Tools to predict the allopurinol doses required to achieve target serum urate concentrations would facilitate the implementation of more efficient dose-escalation strategies. The aim of this research was to develop and externally evaluate allopurinol dosing tools, one for use when the pre-urate-lowering therapy serum urate is known (Easy-Allo1) and one for when it is not known (Easy-Allo2). METHODS A revised population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model was developed using data from 653 people with gout. Maintenance doses to achieve the serum urate target of <0.36 mmol L-1 in >80% of individuals were simulated and evaluated against external data. The predicted and observed allopurinol doses were compared using the mean prediction error (MPE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The proportion of Easy-Allo predicted doses within 100 mg of the observed was quantified. RESULTS Allopurinol doses were predicted by total body weight, baseline urate, ethnicity and creatinine clearance. Easy-Allo1 produced unbiased and suitably precise dose predictions (MPE 2 mg day-1 95% confidence interval [CI] -13-17, RMSE 91%, 90% within 100 mg of the observed dose). Easy-Allo2 was positively biased by about 70 mg day-1 and slightly less precise (MPE 70 mg day-1 95% CI 52-88, RMSE 131%, 71% within 100 mg of the observed dose). CONCLUSIONS The Easy-Allo tools provide a guide to the allopurinol maintenance dose requirement to achieve the serum urate target of <0.36 mmol L-1 and will aid in the development of novel dose-escalation strategies for allopurinol therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F B Wright
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Sydney Pharmacy School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hailemichael Z Hishe
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Sophie L Stocker
- Sydney Pharmacy School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, Australia
- Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola Dalbeth
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anne Horne
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jill Drake
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Janine Haslett
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Tony R Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lisa K Stamp
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Ventura-Martínez R, Ángeles-López GE, González-Ugalde D, Domínguez-Páez T, Navarrete-Vázquez G, Jaimez R, Déciga-Campos M. Antinociceptive effect of LMH-2, a new sigma-1 receptor antagonist analog of haloperidol, on the neuropathic pain of diabetic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116524. [PMID: 38574622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of LMH-2, a new haloperidol (HAL) analog that acts as sigma-1 receptor (σ1 R) antagonist, in diabetic mice using a model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic hyperglycemia. Additionally, we compared its effects with those of HAL. Hyperglycemia was induced in mice by nicotinamide-streptozotocin administration (NA-STZ, 50-130 mg/kg). Four weeks later, mechanical allodynia was assessed using the up-down method, and hyperalgesia was evoked with formalin 0.5%. We evaluated antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of LMH-2 (5.6-56.2 mg/kg), HAL (0.018-0.18 mg/kg) and gabapentin (GBP, 5.6-56.2 mg/kg). The results showed that LMH-2 had a more significant antiallodynic effect compared to HAL and GBP (90.4±8.7 vs 75.1±3.1 and 41.9±2.3%, respectively; P<0.05), as well as an antihyperalgesic effect (96.3±1.2 vs 86.9±7.41 and 86.9±4.8%, respectively; P<0.05). Moreover, the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effect of both LMH-2 and HAL were completely abolished by PRE-084 (σ1 R agonist); and partially by pramipexole (a D2-like receptor agonist). Finally, the effect of all treatments on the rotarod test, barra, open field and exploratory behaviors showed that LMH-2 did not alter the animals' balance or the exploratory behavior, unlike as HAL or GBP. The molecular docking included indicate that LMH-2 has lower affinity to the D2R than HAL. These results provide evidence that LMH-2 exerts its antinociceptive effects as a σ1 R antagonist without the adverse effects induced by HAL or GBP. Consequently, LMH-2 can be considered a good and safe strategy for treating neuropathic pain caused by hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Ventura-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av Universidad No. 3000, Col. Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Guadalupe Esther Ángeles-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av Universidad No. 3000, Col. Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Diana González-Ugalde
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Tania Domínguez-Páez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ruth Jaimez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av Universidad No. 3000, Col. Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Myrna Déciga-Campos
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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67
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Liu JY, George IC, Hussain S, Sayes CM. High-throughput screening of respiratory hazards: Exploring lung surfactant inhibition with 20 benchmark chemicals. Toxicology 2024; 504:153785. [PMID: 38518839 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
As environmental air quality worsens and respiratory health injuries and diseases increase, it is essential to enhance our ability to develop better methods to identify potential hazards. One promising approach in emerging toxicology involves the utilization of lung surfactant as a model that addresses the limitations of conventional in vitro toxicology methods by incorporating the biophysical aspect of inhalation. This study employed a constrained drop surfactometer to assess 20 chemicals for potential surfactant inhibition. Of these, eight were identified as inhibiting lung surfactant function: 1-aminoethanol, bovine serum albumin, maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, sodium glycocholate, sodium taurocholate, sodium taurodeoxycholate, and Triton X-100. These results are consistent with previously reported chemical-induced acute lung dysfunction in vivo. The study provides information on each chemical's minimum and maximum surface tension conditions and corresponding relative area and contact angle values. Isotherms and box plots are reported for selected chemicals across doses, and vector plots are used to summarize and compare the results concisely. This lung surfactant bioassay is a promising non-animal model for hazard identification, with broader implications for developing predictive modeling and decision-making tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Y Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA
| | - Ian C George
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Saber Hussain
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Christie M Sayes
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA.
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Hossein Nowroozzadeh M, Yousefi M, Abuali M, Sanie-Jahromi F. Effect of adalimumab as an anti-inflammatory agent on gene expression of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116568. [PMID: 38599062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Adalimumab (ADA) is an anti-inflammatory antibody that has FDA approval as a systemic medication for treating noninfectious uveitis. It is also provisionally being investigated as an intravitreal injection for various retinal conditions. This study aimed to assess the effect of ADA on apoptotic, inflammatory, and fibrogenesis gene expression at mRNA and protein levels in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. RPEs were treated with serial concentrations of ADA (0.5x, x, 2x, and 4x; [x = 250 µg/mL]) for 24 hours. MTT assay was done and the mRNA and protein expressions were quantified using real-time PCR and ELISA assay, respectively. The mRNA levels of IL-1b and IL-6 were significantly increased in ADA-treated RPEs at 0.5x and x concentrations. However, the increase in cytokine secretion was observed only in IL-1b at x concentration. TGF-β was significantly upregulated in the 0.5x and 4x doses of ADA both at mRNA and protein levels. MTT assay, along with an unchanged BCL-2/BAX ratio confirmed the safety of ADA on RPEs at all studied concentrations. In conclusion, despite its safety, the 2x concentration of ADA was the only dose that did not ignite the expression of any of the studied inflammatory and fibrogenesis genes. This dosage, which is roughly equal to 2 mg intravitreal dose in a clinical setting, might be referred to as a reference starting point for future in-vivo studies in ocular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hossein Nowroozzadeh
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Yousefi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Mostafa Abuali
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Garralda E, Oh DY, Italiano A, Bedard PL, Delord JP, Calvo E, LoRusso P, Wainberg Z, Cervantes A, Rodriguez-Vida A, Shemesh CS, Sane R, Mendus D, Ding H, Hendricks R, Meng R, Cho BC, Kim TW, Wu B. Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Tiragolumab in First-in-Human Study in Patients with Mixed Solid Tumors (GO30103). J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 64:544-554. [PMID: 38105505 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tiragolumab is a first-in-class, fully human IgG1/kappa anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody that blocks the binding of TIGIT to CD155 (the poliovirus receptor). We summarize the pharmacokinetics (PK) data from the phase 1a/1b GO30103 study of Q3W (every 3 weeks) sequential dosing of tiragolumab (2, 8, 30, 100, 400, 600, or 1200 mg) followed by atezolizumab (1200 mg), Q4W (every 4 weeks) sequential dosing (tiragolumab 840 mg followed by atezolizumab 1680 mg), and Q4W co-infusion (tiragolumab 840 mg plus atezolizumab 1680 mg). Serum samples were collected at multiple time points following tiragolumab and atezolizumab intravenous infusion in patients with solid tumors for PK and immunogenicity assessment. The serum PK profile of tiragolumab appeared to be biphasic, with a rapid distribution phase followed by a slower elimination phase when administered alone or in combination with atezolizumab. In phase 1a, across doses of tiragolumab ranging from 2 to 1200 mg (cycle 1), the geometric mean (GM), coefficient of variation (CV%), serum tiragolumab Cmax ranged from 0.682 to 270 µg/mL (18.6% to 36.5%) and Cmin ranged from 0.0125 to 75.3 µg/mL (0.0% to 24.2%). The GM systemic exposure (area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve, AUC0-21) ranged from 310 to 2670 µg day/mL (20.5% to 27.0%); interindividual variability in AUC0-21 ranged from 20.5% to 43.9%. Tiragolumab exposure increased in an approximately dose-proportional manner when administered alone or with atezolizumab at doses ≥100 mg. Postbaseline, 4/207 patients (1.9%) were positive for treatment-emergent antidrug antibodies (ADA) against tiragolumab, each at a single time point. Tiragolumab combined with atezolizumab demonstrated desirable PK properties, with no drug-drug interactions or immunogenicity liability. There were no meaningful differences in tiragolumab or atezolizumab exposure between the Q4W co-infusion and sequential dosing cohorts. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02794571 (date of registration June 6, 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Garralda
- Early Drug Development Unit, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Do Youn Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Antoine Italiano
- Early Phase Trials Unit, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe L Bedard
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Delord
- Medical Oncology Department, IUCT Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Emiliano Calvo
- Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, START Madrid - Clara Campal Comprehensive Cancer Center (CIOCC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Zev Wainberg
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andres Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínico, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Colby S Shemesh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rucha Sane
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Diana Mendus
- Product Development Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert Hendricks
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ray Meng
- Product Development Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin Wu
- Early Drug Development Unit, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JS, Son HS, Kim BJ, Lee YW. A Multicenter Phase II Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Botulax in Asian Patients with Benign Masseteric Hypertrophy. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 153:910e-918e. [PMID: 37335589 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benign masseteric hypertrophy (BMH) is a condition in which the thickness of the masseter muscle is increased, resulting in jawline prominence with an undesirable cosmetic appearance. Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) injection is a promising treatment option, but its effective dose remains debated. METHODS Adults older than 19 diagnosed with BMH through visual examination and palpation related to a masseter muscle prominence were selected, and 80 patients were randomly assigned into five groups (placebo group and four groups with different doses of BTA: 24 U, 48 U, 72 U, or 96 U, on both sides of the jaw) and treated with placebo or BTA once at their baseline visit. During each follow-up, the treatment efficacy was evaluated with ultrasound examination of the masseter muscle, three-dimensional facial contour analysis, visual evaluation by the investigator, and patient satisfaction evaluation. RESULTS The mean age of the 80 patients was 42.7 ± 9.98 years; 68.75% were women. The mean change in masseter muscle thickness during the maximum clenching state after 12 weeks of drug administration compared with baseline in the 24-U, 48-U, 72-U, and 96-U groups were -2.33 ± 0.41 mm, -3.35 ± 0.42 mm, -2.86 ± 0.42 mm, and -3.79 ± 0.42 mm, respectively. All treatment groups showed a statistically significant decrease compared with placebo. Regarding subjective satisfaction, all treatment groups, except the 24-U group at 4 weeks, showed higher satisfaction than the placebo group during all visits. No significant adverse events were noted. CONCLUSION BTA administration of at least 48 U for BMH is more cost-effective than high-dose units and has a low risk of side effects. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Su Lee
- From the Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine
| | - Hyung Seok Son
- From the Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine
| | - Yang Won Lee
- From the Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University
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71
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Nilsson B, Bylund J, Halldin MM, Rother M, Rein-Hedin E, Önnestam K, Segerdahl M. ACD856, a novel positive allosteric modulator of Trk receptors, single ascending doses in healthy subjects: Safety and pharmacokinetics. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:717-727. [PMID: 38353689 PMCID: PMC11001683 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-024-03645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE AlzeCure Pharma AB is developing novel positive allosteric modulators of Trk-receptors for treatment of Alzheimer's disease, depression, other psychiatric conditions and other disorders where cognition is impaired. The preceding candidate drug ACD855 was shown to have a too long half-life in humans to allow further development. To de-risk the development of the follow-up compound ACD856, the oral single ascending dose study of ACD856 in humans was preceded by an intravenous microdose study, assessing the elimination half-life in plasma. METHODS A phase 0 study with a microdose of ACD856 (0.100 mg), was conducted in six healthy male subjects all receiving ACD856. Sequentially, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind Phase I single ascending oral dose study (1 - 150 mg) was conducted, including 56 healthy subjects. Both studies assessed the safety and tolerability, as well as the PK properties of ACD856 after single dose intravenous and oral administration. RESULTS ACD856 was well tolerated with no treatment emergent, or dose related adverse events or other safety assessments. In the microdose study, ACD856 exhibited a bi-exponential plasma decline, low distribution volume, low plasma clearance with a half-life of approximately 20 hours. Orally, ACD856 exhibited rapid absorption, an almost complete bioavailability and a dose proportional increase in exposure. While the Cmax was lowered and delayed by food intake, the effect on plasma half-life and the overall bioavailability was low. No renal elimination of ACD856 was detected. CONCLUSION The prediction proved accurate demonstrating the value of conducting a microdose study prior to ascending dose studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05783830 March 24, 2023 (microdose study, retrospectively registered) and NCT05077631 October 14, 2021 (single ascending dose study).
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Affiliation(s)
- Boel Nilsson
- AlzeCure Pharma AB, Hälsovägen 7, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johan Bylund
- CTC Clinical Trial Consultants AB, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 10B, SE-752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Matthias Rother
- AlzeCure Pharma AB, Hälsovägen 7, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Erik Rein-Hedin
- CTC Clinical Trial Consultants AB, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 10B, SE-752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic Surgery, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Märta Segerdahl
- AlzeCure Pharma AB, Hälsovägen 7, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden.
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels allé 23, SE-141 52, Huddinge, Sweden.
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72
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Frederiksen CG, Sedeh FB, Taudorf EH, Saunte DM, Jemec GBE. Orismilast for the treatment of mild to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: Week 16 data from OSIRIS, a Phase 2a, open-label, single-centre, single-arm, dose-finding clinical trial. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:920-930. [PMID: 38147438 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a disease with an unmet need for treatment. OBJECTIVE To examine tolerability, safety and efficacy of oral phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitior orismilast 10-40 mg twice daily (BID) in HS. METHODS A Phase 2a, single-arm, single-centre, open-label, 16-week trial in HS patients. Adjustments in maximal dose and titration were allowed, to improve tolerability, dividing the study population in two groups who completed and discontinued 16 weeks of treatment. Descriptive statistics were applied to efficacy data from patients who completed treatment and patients who discontinued treatment prematurely. A last-observation-carried-forward (LOCF) approach was used for patients who discontinued treatment. The primary endpoint was percent change in the total number of abscesses and nodules (AN-count) at Week 16, with the HS Clinical Response with a 50% reduction in the AN-count (HiSCR50) as key secondary endpoint. RESULTS Of the 20 patients included, 9 completed 16 weeks of treatment and 11 discontinued treatment prematurely. The mean AN-count was reduced with 33.1% in patients who completed treatment and with 12.0% in patients who discontinued. HiSCR50 was achieved by 67.0% and 27.0% of patients who completed and discontinued treatment, respectively. Most adverse events were mild to moderate. CONCLUSIONS Oral orismilast demonstrated a dose-dependent tolerability, with mild to moderate adverse effects. Further, the results of this exploratory trial indicate that orismilast may lead to clinical improvements in HS. However, larger trials with tolerable dose ranges are warranted. The Trial is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (UNI50007201) and EudraCT.ema.europa.eu (2021-000049-42).
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Frederiksen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - F B Sedeh
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - E H Taudorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - D M Saunte
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - G B E Jemec
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
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Lee CA, Schreiber S, Bressler B, Adams JW, Oh DA, Tang YQ, Zhang J, Komori HK, Grundy JS. Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Etrasimod: Single and Multiple Ascending Dose Studies in Healthy Adults. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2024; 13:534-548. [PMID: 38345530 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Etrasimod is an investigational, once-daily, oral, selective sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1,4,5 modulator in development for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). Here, we report the human safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of etrasimod obtained from both a single ascending dose (SAD; 0.1-5 mg) study and a multiple ascending dose (MAD; 0.35-3 mg once daily) study. Overall, 99 healthy volunteers (SAD n = 40, MAD n = 59) completed the 2 studies. Evaluated single and multiple doses were well tolerated up to 3 mg without severe adverse events (AEs). Gastrointestinal disorders were the most common etrasimod-related AEs. Over the evaluated single- and multiple-dose ranges, dose-proportional and marginally greater-than-dose-proportional etrasimod plasma exposure were observed, respectively. At steady state, etrasimod oral clearance and half-life mean values ranged from 1.0 to 1.2 L/h and 29.7 to 36.4 hours, respectively. Dose-dependent total peripheral lymphocyte reductions occurred following etrasimod single and multiple dosing. Etrasimod multiple dosing resulted in reductions from baseline in total lymphocyte counts ranging from 41.1% to 68.8% after 21 days. Lymphocyte counts returned to normal range within 7 days following treatment discontinuation. Heart rate lowering from pretreatment baseline on etrasimod dosing was typically mild, with mean reductions seen after the first dose of up to 19.5 bpm (5 mg dose). The favorable safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties of etrasimod in humans supported its further development and warranted its investigation for treatment of IMIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Lee
- Arena Pharmaceuticals, A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Pfizer Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Precision Medicine in Inflammation, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Brian Bressler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John W Adams
- Arena Pharmaceuticals, A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Pfizer Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dooman Alexander Oh
- Arena Pharmaceuticals, A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Pfizer Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yong Q Tang
- Arena Pharmaceuticals, A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Pfizer Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jinkun Zhang
- Arena Pharmaceuticals, A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Pfizer Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - John S Grundy
- Arena Pharmaceuticals, A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Pfizer Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
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Abd El-Hack ME, Ashour EA, Aljahdali N, Zabermawi NM, Baset SA, Kamal M, Radhi KS, Moustafa M, Algopishi U, Alshaharni MO, Bassiony SS. Does the dietary supplementation of organic nano-zinc as a growth promoter impact broiler's growth, carcass and meat quality traits, blood metabolites and cecal microbiota? Poult Sci 2024; 103:103550. [PMID: 38452576 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to examine the impact of different dietary organic zinc nanoparticle (ZnNP) levels on gut bacteria, meat quality, growth performance, carcass traits, and blood indicators of broilers. A total of 180 unsexed one-wk broiler chicks (Cobb) were allotted to 3 experimental groups and received a basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.2, and 0.4 mg ZnNPs/Kg diet, respectively. The results showed that, after 38 d of age, the supplementary ZnNPs at a level of 0.4 mg/kg raised body weight and weight gain compared to the control and 0.2 mg ZnNPs/kg diet. The addition of ZnNPs improved the daily feed intake. Some of the carcass characteristics in ZnNPs groups excelled that of the control. ZnNPs treatments gave higher dressing % and decreased (P < 0.05) the cholesterol rates, LDL, and uric acid in the blood. In addition, it gave the best concentrations of ALT and AST. The ZnNPs groups exhibited substantially (P < 0.05) improved moisture and fat values in meat samples. The group given ZnNPs at a concentration of 0.4 mg/kg had a substantially (P < 0.05) lower count of TYMC and E. coli. In conclusion, the high level of ZnNPs (0.4 mg/kg) improved the broilers' performance and some of their carcass traits, enhancing their health and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Elwy A Ashour
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Nesreen Aljahdali
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nidal M Zabermawi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahira Abdel Baset
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Kamal
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Khadija S Radhi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Uthman Algopishi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed O Alshaharni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar S Bassiony
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Vaaland Holmgard IC, González-Bakker A, Poeta E, Puerta A, Fernandes MX, Monti B, Fernández-Bolaños JG, Padrón JM, López Ó, Lindbäck E. Coumarin-azasugar-benzyl conjugates as non-neurotoxic dual inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase and cancer cell growth. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3425-3438. [PMID: 38590227 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00312h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
We have applied the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction to prepare a library of ten coumarin-azasugar-benzyl conjugates and two phthalimide-azasugar-benzyl conjugates with potential anti-Alzheimer and anti-cancer properties. The compounds were evaluated as cholinesterase inhibitors, demonstrating a general preference, of up to 676-fold, for the inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) over acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Nine of the compounds behaved as stronger BuChE inhibitors than galantamine, one of the few drugs in clinical use against Alzheimer's disease. The most potent BuChE inhibitor (IC50 = 74 nM) was found to exhibit dual activities, as it also showed high activity (GI50 = 5.6 ± 1.1 μM) for inhibiting the growth of WiDr (colon cancer cells). In vitro studies on this dual-activity compound on Cerebellar Granule Neurons (CGNs) demonstrated that it displays no neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Caroline Vaaland Holmgard
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Aday González-Bakker
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, c/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, La Laguna, E-38206, Spain
| | - Eleonora Poeta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, c/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, La Laguna, E-38206, Spain
| | - Miguel X Fernandes
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, c/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, La Laguna, E-38206, Spain
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Emil Lindbäck
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
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Li W, Hou Z, Li Y, Zhang X, Bao X, Hou X, Zhang H, Zhang S. Amelioration of metabolic disorders in H9C2 cardiomyocytes induced by PM 2.5 treated with vitamin C. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:347-355. [PMID: 36815321 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2181971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) is a public health risk. We investigate PM2.5 on metabolites in cardiomyocytes and the influence of vitamin C on PM2.5 toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS For 24 hours, H9C2 were exposed to various concentrations of PM2.5 (0, 100, 200, 400, 800 μg/ml), after which the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell viability were measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 2',7'-dichlorofluoresceindiacetate (DCFH2-DA), respectively. H9C2 were treated with PM2.5 (200 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of vitamin C (40 μmol/L). mRNA levels of interleukin 6(IL-6), caspase-3, fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3), and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) were investigated by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Non-targeted metabolomics by LC-MS/MS was applied to evaluate the metabolic profile in the cell. RESULTS Results revealed a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability, death, ROS, and increased expression of caspase-3, FABP3, and IL-6. In total, 15 metabolites exhibited significant differential expression (FC > 2, p < 0.05) between the control and PM2.5 group. In the PM2.5 group, lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPC,3/3) were upregulated, whereas amino acids (5/5), amino acid analogues (3/3), and other acids and derivatives (4/4) were downregulated. PM2.5 toxicity was lessened by vitamin C. It reduced PM2.5-induced elevation of LysoPC (16:0), LysoPC (16:1), and LysoPC (18:1). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 induces metabolic disorders in H9C2 cardiomyocytes that can be ameliorated by treatment with vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Ziyuan Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
- The State Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hongjin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Shuanhu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
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Tanaka Y, Tanaka S, Fukasawa T, Inokuchi S, Uenaka H, Kimura T, Takahashi T, Kato N. Glucocorticoid treatment and clinical outcomes in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica: A cohort study using routinely collected health data. Joint Bone Spine 2024; 91:105680. [PMID: 38143016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2023.105680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe the following in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR): (1) real-world glucocorticoid (GC) therapy, (2) improvement in inflammatory parameters associated with disease activity (C-reactive protein [CRP] level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]), and (3) incidence of GC-related adverse events (AEs). METHODS A cohort study was conducted using a Japanese electronic medical records database. We included newly diagnosed PMR patients aged≥50years with baseline CRP levels≥10mg/L and/or ESR>30mm/h and an initial GC dose of≥5mg/day. The outcomes were GC dose, inflammatory parameters, and GC-related AEs. RESULTS A total of 373 PMR patients (mean age, 77.3 years) were analyzed. The median initial GC dose was 15.0mg/day, which gradually decreased to 3.5mg/day by week 52. The median cumulative GC dose at week 52 was 2455.0mg. The median CRP level on day 0 was 64.3mg/L, which decreased during weeks 4-52 (1.4-3.2mg/L). At week 52, 39.0% of patients had a CRP level>3.0mg/L. The cumulative incidence of GC-related AEs at week 52 was 49.0% for osteoporosis, 30.2% for diabetes, 14.9% for hypertension, 12.2% for peptic ulcer, 11.3% for dyslipidemia, 2.9% for glaucoma, and 4.3% for serious infection. The incidence of osteoporosis and diabetes increased with the GC dose. CONCLUSION The incidence of GC-related AEs was associated with the GC dose in PMR patients. Further research is required to identify treatment strategies that can effectively control PMR disease activity while minimizing GC use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555 Japan
| | - Shinichi Tanaka
- Medical Affairs Department, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, 1-1-2 Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0006 Japan
| | - Toshiki Fukasawa
- Research and Analytics Department, Real World Data Co., Ltd., Shiseido Kyoto Bld.4F, 480, Aburanokojidori Kizuyabashi-sagaru Kitafudondocho Shimogyo-ku kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 600-8233 Japan
| | - Shoichiro Inokuchi
- Research and Analytics Department, Real World Data Co., Ltd., Shiseido Kyoto Bld.4F, 480, Aburanokojidori Kizuyabashi-sagaru Kitafudondocho Shimogyo-ku kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 600-8233 Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Uenaka
- Research and Analytics Department, Real World Data Co., Ltd., Shiseido Kyoto Bld.4F, 480, Aburanokojidori Kizuyabashi-sagaru Kitafudondocho Shimogyo-ku kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 600-8233 Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Research and Analytics Department, Real World Data Co., Ltd., Shiseido Kyoto Bld.4F, 480, Aburanokojidori Kizuyabashi-sagaru Kitafudondocho Shimogyo-ku kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 600-8233 Japan
| | - Toshiya Takahashi
- Medical Affairs Department, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, 1-1-2 Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0006 Japan; Specialty Care Medical, Sanofi K.K., 3-20-2, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-1488 Japan
| | - Naoto Kato
- Medical Affairs Department, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, 1-1-2 Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0006 Japan.
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Chen H, Luo W. Efficacy and safety of eptinezumab 300mg versus 100mg for migraine patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:462-467. [PMID: 35993143 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2115906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Eptinezumab holds important promise in treating migraine patients, but its ideal dose is unknown. This meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety of eptinezumab 300 mg versus 100 mg for migraine patients.Methods: Several databases including PubMed, Web of science, EBSCO, EMbase and Cochrane library databases have been systematically searched and we included the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of eptinezumab 300 mg versus 100 mg for migraine patients. This meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effect model.Results: Five RCTs and 1989 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with eptinezumab 100 mg in migraine patients, eptinezumab 300 mg was associated with substantially reduced monthly migraine days (MD=-0.50; 95% CI=-0.56 to -0.44; p < 0.00001), increased 75% responder rate (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.62; p = 0.008) and 50% responder rate (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.48; p = 0.02), but unraveled no remarkable influence on migraine 1 day after dosing (OR = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.72 to 1.18; p = 0.52), adverse events (OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 0.81 to 1.42; p = 0.62) or serious adverse events (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 0.68 to 3.74; p = 0.40).Conclusions: Eptinezumab 300 mg was superior to eptinezumab 100 mg for the treatment of migraine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Changshou Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Sekar R, Mimoun A, Bou-Jaoudeh M, Loyau S, Delignat S, Daventure V, Bonilla P, Bhale AS, Venkataraman K, Rayes J, Boulaftali Y, Jandrot-Perrus M, Proulle V, Lacroix-Desmazes S. High factor VIII concentrations interfere with glycoprotein VI-mediated platelet activation in vitro. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:1489-1495. [PMID: 38325597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recruitment of activated factor VIII (FVIII) at the surface of activated platelets is a key step toward the burst of thrombin and fibrin generation during thrombus formation at the site of vascular injury. It involves binding to phosphatidylserine and, possibly, to fibrin-bound αIIbβ3. Seminal work had shown the binding of FVIII to resting platelets, yet without a clear understanding of a putative physiological relevance. OBJECTIVES To characterize the effects of FVIII-platelet interaction and its potential modulation of platelet function. METHODS FVIII was incubated with washed platelets. The effects on platelet activation (spontaneously or triggered by collagen and thrombin) were studied by flow cytometry and light transmission aggregometry. We explored the involvement of downstream pathways by studying phosphorylation profiles (Western blot). The FVIII-glycoprotein (GP) VI interaction was investigated by ELISA, confocal microscopy, and proximity ligation assay. RESULTS FVIII bound to the surface of resting and activated platelets in a dose-dependent manner. FVIII at supraphysiological concentrations did not induce platelet activation but rather specifically inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation and altered glycoprotein VI (GPVI)-dependent phosphorylation. FVIII, freed of its chaperone protein von Willebrand factor (VWF), interacted in close proximity with GPVI at the platelet surface. CONCLUSION We showed that VWF-free FVIII binding to, or close to, GPVI modulates platelet activation in vitro. This may represent an uncharacterized negative feedback loop to control overt platelet activation. Whether locally activated FVIII concentrations achieved during platelet accumulation and thrombus formation at the site of vascular injury in vivo are compatible with such a function remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Sekar
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Angelina Mimoun
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Melissa Bou-Jaoudeh
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Loyau
- Laboratoire de recherche vasculaire translationnelle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1148, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Delignat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Victoria Daventure
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Perrine Bonilla
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aishwarya Sudam Bhale
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Venkataraman
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Julie Rayes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yacine Boulaftali
- Laboratoire de recherche vasculaire translationnelle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1148, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Martine Jandrot-Perrus
- Laboratoire de recherche vasculaire translationnelle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1148, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Proulle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôptiaux de Paris Centre, Paris, France.
| | - Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Shao S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zeng C, Qin J, Liu Z, Zhang X. Glucocorticoid use and varying doses on the long-term outcomes of offspring born to patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:2231-2238. [PMID: 38393371 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the impact of non-fluorinated glucocorticoid use and varying doses on the long-term physical, neurological, and social-emotional development outcomes of offspring born to patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The goal is to provide guidance on the appropriate dosage of glucocorticoids during pregnancy in SLE patients. We conducted a follow-up study on the offspring of SLE patients who had pregnancies and were admitted to our obstetrics department between January 1, 2016, and September 30, 2021. Patients who received immunosuppressants and dexamethasone were excluded from the study. The SLE patients were categorized into three groups based on their glucocorticoid use during pregnancy: hormone-free group, ≤ 10 mg/day group, and > 10 mg/day group (equivalent to prednisone). Most patients in the three groups were used hydroxychloroquine during pregnancy. We assessed the physical development status, including weight, height (length), and other relevant factors in three groups. Additionally, we utilized the Age and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3) to evaluate the development of communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social. The social-emotional development status was assessed using the Age and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ: SE). We standardized the weight, height (length), body mass index, and ASQ-3 domain scores of children of different ages and genders into Z-scores for comparison. The results of this study demonstrated no statistically significant differences in the long-term physical development, neurological development, and social-emotional development outcomes of the offspring of SLE patients in three groups. However, while not reaching statistical significance, it was found that the offspring of the > 10 mg/day group had lower height (length) Z-scores and communication Z-scores compared to the other groups. Conclusion: The use of non-fluorinated glucocorticoids during pregnancy and varying doses did not have a significant impact on the long-term physical, neurological, and social-emotional development outcomes of offspring born to SLE patients. However, the offspring of SLE patients treated with glucocorticoids > 10 mg/day during pregnancy may be necessary to strengthen the monitoring of height (length) and communication skills in the long term. What is Known: • Fetal exposure to glucocorticoids can have implications for the development of multiple systems and may persist after birth, potentially increasing the risk of neurological abnormalities and other diseases. • There is limited research on the long-term development of offspring born to SLE patients, especially the patients treated with glucocorticoids. What is New: • The use of non-fluorinated glucocorticoids during pregnancy and varying doses did not have a significant impact on the long-term outcomes of offspring born to SLE patients. • The offspring of SLE patients treated with glucocorticoids >10 mg/day during pregnancy may be necessary to strengthen the monitoring of height (length) and communication skills in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Chaomei Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jiong Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Williams BM, Steed ND, Woolley JT, Moedl AA, Nelson CA, Jones GC, Burris MD, Arias HR, Kim OH, Jang EY, Hone AJ, McIntosh JM, Yorgason JT, Steffensen SC. Catharanthine Modulates Mesolimbic Dopamine Transmission and Nicotine Psychomotor Effects via Inhibition of α6-Nicotinic Receptors and Dopamine Transporters. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1738-1754. [PMID: 38613458 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Iboga alkaloids, also known as coronaridine congeners, have shown promise in the treatment of alcohol and opioid use disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of catharanthine and 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) on dopamine (DA) transmission and cholinergic interneurons in the mesolimbic DA system, nicotine-induced locomotor activity, and nicotine-taking behavior. Utilizing ex vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) in the nucleus accumbens core of male mice, we found that catharanthine or 18-MC differentially inhibited evoked DA release. Catharanthine inhibition of evoked DA release was significantly reduced by both α4 and α6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) antagonists. Additionally, catharanthine substantially increased DA release more than vehicle during high-frequency stimulation, although less potently than an α4 nAChR antagonist, which confirms previous work with nAChR antagonists. Interestingly, while catharanthine slowed DA reuptake measured via FSCV ex vivo, it also increased extracellular DA in striatal dialysate from anesthetized mice in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. Superfusion of catharanthine or 18-MC inhibited the firing rate of striatal cholinergic interneurons in a concentration dependent manner, which are known to potently modulate presynaptic DA release. Catharanthine or 18-MC suppressed acetylcholine currents in oocytes expressing recombinant rat α6/α3β2β3 or α6/α3β4 nAChRs. In behavioral experiments using male Sprague-Dawley rats, systemic administration of catharanthine or 18-MC blocked nicotine enhancement of locomotor activity. Importantly, catharanthine attenuated nicotine self-administration in a dose-dependent manner while having no effect on food reinforcement. Lastly, administration of catharanthine and nicotine together greatly increased head twitch responses, indicating a potential synergistic hallucinogenic effect. These findings demonstrate that catharanthine and 18-MC have similar, but not identical effects on striatal DA dynamics, striatal cholinergic interneuron activity and nicotine psychomotor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Williams
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Nathan D Steed
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Joel T Woolley
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Aubrey A Moedl
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Christina A Nelson
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Gavin C Jones
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Matthew D Burris
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Hugo R Arias
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tahlequah, Oklahoma 74464, United States
| | - Oc-Hee Kim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Arik J Hone
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Departments of Psychiatry and Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Departments of Psychiatry and Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jordan T Yorgason
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology/Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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Malyar RM, Wei Q, Hou L, Elsaid SH, Zhang Y, Banuree SAH, Saifullah, Zhou W, Shi F. Fermented bamboo powder activates gut odorant receptors, and promotes intestinal health and growth performance of dwarf yellow-feathered broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103570. [PMID: 38484565 PMCID: PMC10951526 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of fermented bamboo powder (FPB) on gut odorant receptors (OR), intestinal health, and growth performance of dwarf yellow-feathered broiler chickens. Six hundred (600) healthy 1-day-old chicks were randomly assigned into 2 groups, with 10 replicates consisting of 30 chicks each. The control group was fed a basal diet. In contrast, the experimental group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 g/kg FBP for 4 different phases, namely phase I (1-22 d), phase II (23-45 d), phase III (46-60 d), and phase IV (61-77 d), respectively. The first 2 phases were considered pretreatment (0-45 d), and the remaining were experimental (46-77 d) periods. The tissue samples were collected from phase IV. The chickens in the FBP supplementation group exhibited a significant increment in body weight gain, evisceration yield, breast, thigh, and liver weight, while also experiencing a decrease in the FCR (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the villus height, crypt depth, and villus area exhibited significant increases in the FBP group (P < 0.01). Additionally, the secretion levels of gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY, cholecystokinin, and 5-hydroxytryptamine were significantly elevated in the serum, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum tissues in the FBP group (P < 0.05). The results of qRT-PCR indicated that ORs had responsive expression in the gizzard, proventriculus, and small intestine of chickens when fed with the FBP diet (P < 0.05). Notably, the expression of the COR1, COR2, COR4, COR6, COR8, COR9, OR52R1, OR51M1, OR1F2P, OR5AP2, and OR14J1L112 genes was stronger in the small intestines compared to the gizzard and proventriculus. In conclusion, these results suggest that the FPB plays a crucial role in growth performance, activation of ORs, and gut health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmani Mohammad Malyar
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Veterinary Science Faculty, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad, 2601, Nangarhar, Afghanistan
| | - Quanwei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Linsong Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shoura Hytham Elsaid
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | | | - Saifullah
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weisheng Zhou
- Research Institute of Global 3E, Kyoto 602-8452, Japan; College of Policy Science, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka 567-8570, Japan
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Du X, Zhao D, Pian H, Li Y, Wu X, Liu F, Yu D. Effects of puerarin as a feed additive on the laying performance, egg quality, endocrine hormones, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology of aged laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103420. [PMID: 38518669 PMCID: PMC10973177 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of puerarin (Pue), a phytoestrogen, on the production performance, egg quality, endocrine hormones, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology in aged laying hens. A total of 180 Hy-Line Brown hens aged 480 d were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 45 per group) and fed 0, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg of Pue (Con, L-Pue, M-Pue, and H-Pue, respectively) during a 42-d experiment. Compared with the Con treatment, supplementation with H-Pue improved laying performance and egg quality by significantly increasing egg production, average egg weight, albumen height, yolk weight, and Haugh unit (P < 0.05) while decreasing the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). A diet supplemented with H-Pue significantly decreasing serum total triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.05), and significantly increasing serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and progesterone (P < 0.05). Antioxidant activity was improved by significantly increasing the activity of total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase and catalase but decreasing malondialdehyde levels in serum, jejunum, and ileum (P < 0.05), and superoxide dismutase activity exhibited a significantly increase in the jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05). Villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (P < 0.05) were significantly increased in the jejunum and ileum. In the jejunal and ileal mucosa, the three treatment groups increased the mRNA expression levels of Claudin-1 and Claudin-2 compared with Con (P < 0.05), and no significant effect was observed on the expression of Occludin and ZO-1. The results showed that dietary supplementation with Pue could improve the laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, hormonal profile, and intestinal morphology of aged laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Du
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of Ministry of Education & Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing, Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| | - Dong Zhao
- School of Animal Medical, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, China
| | - Huifang Pian
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of Ministry of Education & Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing, Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Debing Yu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
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Qi J, Choi I, Ota S, Ichikawa S, Fujishima N, Iida H, Sugiura I, Sugiura K, Murata Y, Inoue H, Ohwada S, Wang J. Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Quizartinib Combination Therapy With Standard Induction and Consolidation Chemotherapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Results from Two Phase 1 Trials in Japan and China. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2024; 13:560-571. [PMID: 38284515 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Quizartinib is a potent, oral, second-generation, selective type II FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitor. It has shown improved overall survival in a randomized, multinational, Phase 3 (QuANTUM-First) study in patients with FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD)-positive newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. We conducted 2 Phase 1b studies in Japan and China to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of quizartinib in combination with standard induction and consolidation chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. Quizartinib was started at a dose level of 20 mg/day and then escalated to 40 mg/day, the dose used in the Phase 3 study. Seven patients were enrolled according to the 3 + 3 dose-escalation method in each study, including 3 patients who were FLT3-ITD positive. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed at dose levels up to 40 mg/day in both studies. Grade 3 or higher, quizartinib-related, treatment-emergent adverse events included febrile neutropenia, hematologic toxicities, and infections. QT prolongation on electrocardiogram was observed in 5 patients. The pharmacokinetics of quizartinib and its metabolite AC886 were similar between the studies and consistent with previous findings in the United States. We confirmed the tolerability of Japanese and Chinese patients to the dose of quizartinib and chemotherapy regimens used in the QuANTUM-First study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Qi
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ilseung Choi
- National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Hiroatsu Iida
- National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianxiang Wang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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Fang S, Fan X, Xu S, Gao S, Wang T, Chen Z, Li D. Effects of dietary supplementation of postbiotic derived from Bacillus subtilis ACCC 11025 on growth performance, meat yield, meat quality, excreta bacteria, and excreta ammonia emission of broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103444. [PMID: 38489886 PMCID: PMC10951546 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to explore the impact of dietary supplementation with a postbiotic derived from Bacillus subtilis ACCC 11025 on growth performance, meat yield, meat quality, excreta bacterial populations, and excreta ammonia emissions of broiler chicks. A total of 480 day-old Arbor Acre broiler chicks, initially weighing 52.83 ± 1.38 g, were randomly allocated into 4 distinct groups. Each group was housed in 6 separate cages, each containing 20 birds. The experimental phase spanned 42 d, divided into 2 periods (d 1-21 and d 22-42). Dietary interventions were based on a basal diet, with postbiotic supplementation at levels of 0.000, 0.015, 0.030, or 0.045%. Our findings indicate that dietary supplementation with postbiotic had a positive influence on body weight gain (BWG) and feed efficiency. The most substantial improvements in BWG and feed efficiency were observed in the group of broiler chicks fed a diet containing 0.015% postbiotic. Furthermore, the inclusion of postbiotic in the diet led to an increase in the yield of breast and leg muscles, with a significant difference in meat yields observed between the control group and the group receiving 0.015% postbiotic supplementation. It's noteworthy that dietary manipulation did not exert any discernible impact on the quality of breast and leg muscle samples. Concurrently, we observed an elevation in serum albumin and total protein contents corresponding to the increasing postbiotic dosage in the diet. Additionally, dietary supplementation with postbiotic effectively controlled the emission of ammonia from excreta and reduced the abundance of Salmonella in excreta while enhancing the presence of Lactobacillus bacteria. The group receiving 0.015% postbiotic supplementation displayed the lowest levels of ammonia emission and the highest counts of Lactobacillus bacteria in excreta. In light of these results, we conclude that dietary supplementation with 0.015% postbiotic represents an efficacious strategy for increasing BWG and meat yield of broiler chicks by enhancing feed efficiency as well as mitigating ammonia emissions from excreta by modulating the composition of excreta bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Fang
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Xinyan Fan
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Suixin Xu
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Shenyang Gao
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Product Quality and Safety of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Zoonoses, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Tieliang Wang
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Product Quality and Safety of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Zoonoses, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Desheng Li
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Product Quality and Safety of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Zoonoses, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China.
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86
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Bettinger D, Thimme R, Sturm L. Editorial: Novel insights into the prognostic relevance of high-dose PPI treatment in patients with cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:1282-1283. [PMID: 38652787 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Yoon et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17909
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Bettinger
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Thimme
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Sturm
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Berta-Ottenstein-Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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87
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Payne RD, Ray P, Thomann MA. Bayesian model averaging of longitudinal dose-response models. J Biopharm Stat 2024; 34:349-365. [PMID: 38105583 DOI: 10.1080/10543406.2023.2292214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Selecting a safe and clinically beneficial dose can be difficult in drug development. Dose justification often relies on dose-response modeling where parametric assumptions are made in advance which may not adequately fit the data. This is especially problematic in longitudinal dose-response models, where additional parametric assumptions must be made. This paper proposes a class of longitudinal dose-response models to be used in the Bayesian model averaging paradigm which improve trial operating characteristics while maintaining flexibility a priori. A new longitudinal model for non-monotonic longitudinal profiles is proposed. The benefits and trade-offs of the proposed approach are demonstrated through a case study and simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Payne
- Global Statistical Sciences, Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Pallavi Ray
- Global Statistical Sciences, Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mitchell A Thomann
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, CT, USA
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88
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Ashayerizadeh A, Jazi V, Rezvani M, Mohebodini H, Soumeh E, Abdollahi M. An investigation into the influence of fermented cottonseed meal on the productive performance, egg quality, and gut health in laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103574. [PMID: 38564832 PMCID: PMC10999706 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with either cottonseed meal (CSM) or fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on the productive performance, egg quality, blood biochemistry parameters, gut bacterial population, and small intestinal morphology of laying hens. A total of 648 Hy-Line W36 laying hens aged 40 weeks were randomly assigned to 9 treatments, with 6 replicates each and 12 birds per replicate. The feeding trial lasted 12 weeks. The treatments consisted of a control diet based on corn and SBM, as well as 8 experimental diets in which 7.5, 15, 22.5, and 30% of the SBM in the control diet was replaced with either CSM or FCSM. Laying hens fed diets with different levels of FCSM had higher egg production and egg mass than those fed with CSM diets at weeks 46 to 51 (P < 0.05). Diets containing FCSM also significantly improved the feed conversion ratio at weeks 40 to 45 and 46 to 51 (P < 0.05). Eggshell strength was significantly greater in birds fed diets containing FCSM than those fed other dietary treatments at 51 weeks of age (P < 0.05). Hens fed diets containing FCSM had higher calcium and lower cholesterol in serum than those on other diets (P < 0.05). Replacing SBM with FCSM decreased the egg yolk cholesterol content (P < 0.05). Additionally, feeding diets containing different levels of FCSM increased villus height and villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Diets containing FCSM also reduced pH and coliform population in the ileum, and ceca and increased lactic acid bacteria count in the crop and ceca (P < 0.05). Overall, the present data showed that including FCSM in the diet of laying hens can positively affect productive performance compared to CSM. Moreover, substituting SBM with FCSM, can improve eggshell quality, promote gut health, and reduce egg yolk cholesterol concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ashayerizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran
| | - V. Jazi
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - M.R. Rezvani
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran
| | - H. Mohebodini
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran
| | - E.A. Soumeh
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - M.R. Abdollahi
- Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
- 2 A2Z Poultry Feed DynamikZ, Villeurbanne 69100, France
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Xu F, Wang J, Zhu E, Feng Y, Xu T, Ru X, Gu S, Liu X. Research Note: Effects of the intermittent feeding of microencapsulation essential oil on laying performance, egg quality, immune response, intestinal morphology, and oxidation status of laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103600. [PMID: 38471230 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microencapsulated essential oils (MEO) on the laying performance, egg quality, immunity, intestinal morphology, and oxidative status of laying hens. A total of 640 Hy-line Brown laying hens, 41 wk of age, were randomly divided into 4 groups, each with 8 replicates containing 20 birds per replicate. The dietary conditions tested included a basal diet (Control) or the basal diet supplemented with various levels of MEO at 100 mg/kg (MEO100), 300 mg/kg (MEO300), and 500 mg/kg (MEO500). The three treatment groups were intermittently fed MEO, following an alternating schedule of 1 wk on and 1 wk off for a total of 56 d. Results showed that feeding MEO at levels of 300 and 500 mg/kg improved both egg production and feed conversion ratios compared to the control group. Hens consumed MEO-supplemented diets exhibited a significant decrease in the breaking egg ratio (P < 0.05) compared to those fed the control diet. Shell thickness and Haugh unit values significantly increased in the groups receiving 300 and 500 mg/kg of MEO (P < 0.05). Both the MEO300 and MEO500 treatments led to improvements in immunoglobulin (IgA, IgM, and IgG) and cytokine (IL-2 and IFN-γ) levels in serum. Hens in the MEO300 and MEO500 groups exhibited higher values for parameters related to intestinal morphometry compared to the control group. Furthermore, supplementation with 300 and 500 mg/kg of MEO enhanced the antioxidant capacity of plasma, as evidenced by increased activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) (P < 0.05). In summary, the intermittent feeding of MEO improved egg production, enhanced antioxidative processes, immune functions, and intestinal morphology, leading to an amelioration in the egg quality of laying hens. Our data demonstrate that supplementation of 300 mg/kg of MEO in feed can significantly improve animal health and egg quality. Implementation of these feeding practices could have a positive economic impact on poultry and egg industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazhi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Jinbin Wang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Enyu Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yao Feng
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xin Ru
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Siqin Gu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xuelan Liu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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90
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Dickinson A, Liu Y, Uvarov A, Peyret T, Marier JF, Chin C, Tran JQ. Concentration-QTc modeling of sitravatinib in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13808. [PMID: 38700272 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sitravatinib (MGCD516) is an orally available, small molecule, tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been evaluated in patients with advanced solid tumors. Concentration-corrected QT interval (QTc; C-QTc) modeling was undertaken, using 767 matched concentration-ECG observations from 187 patients across two clinical studies in patients with advanced solid malignancies, across a dose range of 10-200 mg, via a linear mixed-effects (LME) model. The effect on heart rate (HR)-corrected QT interval via Fridericia's correction method (QTcF) at the steady-state maximum concentration (Cmax,ss) for the sitravatinib proposed therapeutic dosing regimen (100 mg malate once daily [q.d.]) without and with relevant intrinsic and extrinsic factors were predicted. No significant changes in HR from baseline were observed. Hysteresis between sitravatinib plasma concentration and change in QTcF from baseline (ΔQTcF) was not observed. There was no significant relationship between sitravatinib plasma concentration and ΔQTcF. The final C-QTc model predicted a mean (90% confidence interval [CI]) ΔQTcF of 3.92 (1.95-5.89) ms and 2.94 (0.23-6.10) ms at the proposed therapeutic dosing regimen in patients with normal organ function (best case scenario) and patients with hepatic impairment (worst-case scenario), respectively. The upper bounds of the 90% CIs were below the regulatory threshold of concern of 10 ms. The results of the described C-QTc analysis, along with corroborating results from nonclinical safety pharmacology studies, indicate that sitravatinib has a low risk of QTc interval prolongation at the proposed therapeutic dose of 100 mg malate q.d.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yong Liu
- Mirati Therapeutics Inc, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Artem Uvarov
- Certara Drug Development Solutions, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Thomas Peyret
- Certara Drug Development Solutions, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - J F Marier
- Certara Drug Development Solutions, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Curtis Chin
- Mirati Therapeutics Inc, San Diego, California, USA
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Wang Q, Li B, Wen Y, Liu Q, Xia Z, Liu H, He L, Zhang X, Deng Q, Miao Z, He Y. Effects of dietary supplementation of glycerol monolaurate on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology and immune function in late-phase laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103644. [PMID: 38507830 PMCID: PMC10966087 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology and immune function in late-phase laying hens. A total of 480 Hy-Line Variety Brown hens (age 54 wk) were randomly assigned to 5 treatments: the control group (basal diet) and 4 GML groups (basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg GML). Each treatment consisted of 8 replicates with 12 hens each and the trial lasted for 8 wk. The results showed that dietary inclusion of GML increased the ADFI in the entire experimental period and the average egg weight in wk 5 to 8 and wk 1 to 8 of the experiment (linear, P < 0.05). Dietary GML addition linearly increased albumen height, Haugh unit and yolk color, and quadratically increased eggshell thickness (P < 0.05). The serum SOD activity, T-AOC and IgG concentrations in the 200 mg/kg GML group, and GSH-Px activity in 200 and 300 mg/kg GML groups were increased, while the MDA concentration in 200 and 300 mg/kg GML groups was decreased than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The jejunal villus height and villus height: crypt depth in 300 mg/kg GML group were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of TLR4, IL-1β and TNF-α in spleen and jejunum decreased with the increase of dietary GML concentration (linear, P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary GML supplementation could improve egg quality, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology and immune function in late-phase laying hens, and dietary 300 mg/kg GML inclusion is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Yihang Wen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Qifan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Ziyuan Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Liyuan He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Xinyun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Qingqing Deng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China.
| | - Zhiguo Miao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Yonghui He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
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Liu G, Sharma MK, Tompkins YH, Teng PY, Kim WK. Different methionine to cysteine supplementation ratios altered bone quality of broilers with or without Eimeria challenge assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and microtomography. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103580. [PMID: 38428354 PMCID: PMC10912940 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the acknowledged significance of nutrition in bone development, effects of methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) on bone quality remain under-researched, particularly during Eimeria challenge. We investigated the effects of different supplemental Met to Cys ratios (MCR) on bone quality of broilers under Eimeria challenge. A total of 720 fourteen-day old Cobb500 broilers were allocated into a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement. Five diets with Met and Cys supplemented at MCR of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 were fed to the birds with or without Eimeria challenge. Body composition was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and the femur bone characteristics were assessed by microtomography. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and orthogonal polynomial contrast. The results reaffirmed the detrimental effects of Eimeria challenge on bone quality. On 9 d post inoculation (DPI), significant interaction effects were found for whole body bone mineral content (BMC), lean tissue weight, and body weight (P < 0.05); in the nonchallenged group (NCG), these parameters linearly decreased as MCR decreased (P < 0.05). In the challenged group (CG), body weight and lean tissue weight were unaffected by MCR, and BMC linearly increased as MCR decreased (P < 0.05). For the cortical bone of femoral metaphysis on 6 DPI, bone mineral density (BMD) linearly increased as MCR decreased (P < 0.05). Bone volume to tissue volume ratio (BV/TV) in the CG linearly increased as MCR decreased (P < 0.05). On 9 DPI, BMC and TV linearly increased as MCR decreased (P < 0.05) in the NCG. BMD and BV/TV changed quadratically as MCR decreased (P < 0.05). For the trabecular bone of femoral metaphysis on 9 DPI, BV/TV, and trabecular number linearly increased as MCR decreased (P < 0.05) in the NCG. For the femoral diaphysis, BV, TV, BMC on 6 DPI, and BMD on 9 DPI linearly increased as MCR decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study showed that both Eimeria challenge and varying supplemental MCR could influence bone quality of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanchen Liu
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Milan K Sharma
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yuguo H Tompkins
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Po-Yun Teng
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Woo K Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Besharat M, Islami HR, Soltani M, Mousavi SA. Effects of dietary nanoliposome-coated astaxanthin on haematological parameters, immune responses and the antioxidant status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1461. [PMID: 38648257 PMCID: PMC11034635 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astaxanthin is the most prevalent carotenoid in the marine environment and is widely used as an additive in formulated aquafeeds. OBJECTIVES A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to consider the effect of dietary nanoliposome-coated astaxanthin (NA) on haematological parameters, serum antioxidant activities and immune responses of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. METHODS A total of 450 healthy fish weighing 31.00 ± 2.09 g were randomly assigned in triplicate (30 fish per replicate) to 5 dietary treatments: 0 (control), 25.00, 50.00, 75.00, and 100.00 mg kg-1 NA. RESULTS Fish fed the diet supplemented with 50.00 mg kg-1 NA exhibited the highest values of red blood cells, white blood cells, haemoglobin and haematocrit of 1.64 ± 0.01 × 106 mm-3, 5.54 ± 0.21 × 103 mm-3, 8.73 ± 0.24 g dL-1 and 46.67% ± 0.88%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those fed the basal diet (p < 0.05). The lowest and highest percentages of lymphocytes (67.67% ± 0.33%) and neutrophils (27.33% ± 1.20%) were also obtained in fish fed 50.00 mg kg-1 NA compared to those fed the basal diet (p < 0.05). Fish receiving diet supplemented with 50.00 mg kg-1 NA revealed the highest serum activity in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lysozyme and alternative complement and the lowest level of total cholesterol, cortisol, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase than fish receiving the basal diet (p < 0.05). Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) and ACH50 contents significantly increased with increasing dietary NA supplementation to the highest values of 43.17 ± 1.46 and 293.33 ± 2.03 U mL-1, respectively, in fish fed diet supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 NA (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of NA in rainbow trout diet at 50 mg kg-1 exhibited a positive effect on haematological parameters, antioxidant capacity and immune responses. Administration of such dosage can enhance rainbow trout immune responses against unfavourable or stressful conditions, for example disease outbreaks, hypoxic condition, thermal stress and sudden osmotic fluctuations, which usually happen in an intensive culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Besharat
- Department of Fisheries, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Houman Rajabi Islami
- Department of Fisheries, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mehdi Soltani
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, School of Veterinary and Life ScienceMurdoch UniversityMurdochAustralia
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Mohammadsadeghi F, Afsharmanesh M, Salarmoini M, Bami MK. Effects of replacing Na selenite in laying hen feed with selenized glucose on production performance, egg quality, egg selenium content, microbial population, immunological response, antioxidant enzymes, and fatty acid composition. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103615. [PMID: 38503137 PMCID: PMC10966299 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of selenized glucose (SeGlu) and Na selenite supplementation on various aspects of laying hens such as production performance, egg quality, egg Se concentration, microbial population, antioxidant enzymes activity, immunological response, and yolk fatty acid profile. Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 168 laying hens at 27-wk of age were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups with 7 replications. Se source (Na selenite and SeGlu) and Se level (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg) were used as treatments. When 0.3 mg SeGlu/kg was compared to 0.3 mg Na selenite/kg, the interaction findings revealed that 0.3 mg SeGlu/kg increased egg production percent and shell ash (P < 0.05). When compared to 0.3 mg Na selenite/kg, dietary supplementation with 0.3 and 0.6 mg SeGlu/kg resulted in an increase in albumen height, Haugh unit, and yolk color of fresh eggs (P < 0.05). SeGlu enhanced albumen height, Haugh unit, shell thickness (P < 0.01), albumen index, yolk share, specific gravity, shell ash (P < 0.05) of fresh eggs and shell thickness (P < 0.05) of stored eggs as compared to Na selenite. The interaction showed that 0.6 mg SeGlu/kg enhanced yolk Se concentration while decreasing malondialdehyde levels in fresh egg yolk (P < 0.05). SeGlu enhanced Se concentration in albumen and glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma (P < 0.05) as compared to Na selenite. 0.6 mg Se/kg increased lactic acid bacteria, antibody response to sheep red blood cells, and lowered ∑n-6 PUFA/ ∑n-3 PUFA ratio (P < 0.05). As a result, adding SeGlu to the feed of laying hens enhanced egg production, egg quality, egg Se concentration, fresh yolk lipid oxidation, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farimah Mohammadsadeghi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohsen Afsharmanesh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Salarmoini
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khajeh Bami
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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95
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Donthamsetty S, Forreryd A, Sterchele P, Huang X, Gradin R, Johansson H, Mattson U, Lee I, Api AM, Ladics G. GARDskin dose-response assay and its application in conducting Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) for fragrance materials using a Next Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) framework. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 149:105597. [PMID: 38460723 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Development of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) capable of providing a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) value remains a high priority for the fragrance industry for conducting a Quantitative Risk Assesment (QRA) to evaluate dermal sensitization. The in vitro GARDskin assay was recently adopted by the OECD (TG 442E) for the hazard identification of skin sensitizers. Continuous potency predictions are derived using a modified protocol that incorporates dose-response measurements. Linear regression models have been developed to predict human NESIL values. The aim of the study was to evaluate the precision and reproducibility of the continuous potency predictions from the GARDskin Dose-Response (DR) assay and its application in conducting QRA for fragrance materials using a Next Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) framework. Results indicated that the GARDskin Dose-Response model predicted human NESIL values with a good degree of concordance with published NESIL values, which were also reproducible in 3 separate experiments. Using Isocyclocitral as an example, a QRA was conducted to determine its safe use levels in different consumer product types using a NGRA framework. This study represents a major step towards the establishment of the assay to derive NESIL values for conducting QRA evaluations for fragrance materials using a NGRA framework.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiao Huang
- International Flavors & Fragrances, Hazlet, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Lee
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Mahwah, NJ, USA
| | - Anne Marie Api
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Mahwah, NJ, USA
| | - Gregory Ladics
- International Flavors & Fragrances, Wilmington, DE, USA.
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96
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He X, Smith MR, Jarrell ZR, Thi Ly V, Liang Y, Lee CM, Orr M, Go YM, Jones DP. Metabolic alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in human airway BEAS-2B cells exposed to vanadium pentoxide. Toxicology 2024; 504:153772. [PMID: 38479551 PMCID: PMC11060939 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium pentoxide (V+5) is a hazardous material that has drawn considerable attention due to its wide use in industrial sectors and increased release into environment from human activities. It poses potential adverse effects on animals and human health, with pronounced impact on lung physiology and functions. In this study, we investigated the metabolic response of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells to low-level V+5 exposure (0.01, 0.1, and 1 ppm) using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Exposure to V+5 caused extensive changes to cellular metabolism in BEAS-2B cells, including TCA cycle, glycolysis, fatty acids, amino acids, amino sugars, nucleotide sugar, sialic acid, vitamin D3, and drug metabolism, without causing cell death. Altered mitochondrial structure and function were observed with as low as 0.01 ppm (0.2 μM) V+5 exposure. In addition, decreased level of E-cadherin, the prototypical epithelial marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), was observed following V+5 treatment, supporting potential toxicity of V+5 at low levels. Taken together, the present study shows that V+5 has adverse effects on mitochondria and the metabolome which may result in EMT activation in the absence of cell death. Furthermore, results suggest that high-resolution metabolomics could serve as a powerful tool to investigate metal toxicity at levels which do not cause cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia He
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Matthew Ryan Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Decatur, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zachery R Jarrell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - ViLinh Thi Ly
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yongliang Liang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Choon-Myung Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael Orr
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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97
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Liu X, Liu F, Liu L, Song Y, Liu H. Carbamazepine transmits immune effect by activation of gut-liver axis and TLR signaling pathway from parental zebrafish to offspring. Toxicol Sci 2024; 199:108-119. [PMID: 38445754 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) has been identified in the aquatic environment as an emerging contaminant. Its immune effect across generations at environmentally relevant concentrations is little known. We aim to elucidate the effects of CBZ on the immune system in zebrafish (Danio rerio), hypothesizing the effects caused by CBZ exposure in the parental generation can be passed on to its offspring, leading to impairment of innate immune function and defense against pathogen weakened. A suite of bioassays (including a test with added lipopolysaccharide) was used to measure the effects of environmentally relevant levels of CBZ (1, 10, and 100 μg/l) on zebrafish at multiple biological levels, and across 2 successive generations (21 days exposure for F0; 5 and 21 days exposure or nonexposure for F1). The results showed that CBZ affected homeostasis in the immune system, caused liver vacuolization, increased the inflammation-related microbiota proportion in gut, and decreased reproduction, by induction of oxidative stress and modulation of Toll-like receptors (TLR) signaling pathway on gut-liver axis. The effects of exposure to CBZ over 21 days in F0 could be passed to the next generation. Intergenerational effects on TLR and antioxidant defense system were also observed in nonexposed F1 at 5 days post-fertilization (5 dpf), but diminished at 21 dpf. The finding provided evidence to unravel immune response by gut-liver axis mediated and oxidative stress under 4 test conditions. The study has raised a potential concern about the multigenerational immune effects of environmental pollutants and calls for a focus on the risk of synergetic pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - You Song
- Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo 0579, Norway
| | - Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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98
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Yan X, Zhang L, Zhang D, Wang X. A real-world study of different doses of rivaroxaban in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38053. [PMID: 38669357 PMCID: PMC11049710 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the anticoagulant effect and safety of utilizing different doses of rivaroxaban for the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in the real world. A retrospective case-control analysis was performed by applying the hospital database, and 3595 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) who were hospitalized and taking rivaroxaban at Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital and Wuhan Asia General Hospital from March 2018 to December 2021 were included in the study, and were divided into the rivaroxaban 10 mg and 15 mg groups according to the daily prescribed dose, of which 443 cases were in the 10 mg group and 3152 cases were in the 15 mg group. The patients were followed up regularly, and the incidence of thrombotic events, bleeding events and all-cause deaths were recorded and compared between the 2 groups, and logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors for the occurrence of adverse events. Comparison of the incidence of thrombosis, bleeding and all-cause death between the 2 groups of patients showed that the 10 mg group was higher than the 15 mg group, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.36, 3.26, 1.99, all P > .05); the incidence of total adverse events between the 2 groups of patients was higher in the 10 mg group than in the 15 mg group, with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 4.53, P = .033); multifactorial logistic regression results showed that age [OR (95% CI) = 1.02 (1.00-1.04)], diabetes mellitus [OR (95% CI) = 1.69 (1.09-2.62)], D-dimer level [OR (95% CI) = 1.06 (1.00-1.11)] and persistent AF [OR (95% CI) = 1.54 (1.03-2.31)] were risk factors for adverse events (P < .05). In the real world, Asian clinicians recommend rivaroxaban 10 mg once daily for NVAF patients for a variety of reasons; however, this dose is not superior or even inferior to the 15 mg group in terms of effectiveness and safety. Advanced age, elevated D-dimer levels, history of diabetes mellitus, and persistent AF are risk factors for adverse events, and the optimal dosage of rivaroxaban or optimal anticoagulation strategy for Asian patients with nonvalvular AF requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan Asia General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Litao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan Asia General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan Asia General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaosu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan Asia General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
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99
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Xin L, Luo Z, Liu X, Huang Z. Unveiling the Spatiotemporal and Dose Responses within a Single Live Cancer Cell to Photoswitchable Upconversion Nanoparticle Therapeutics Using Hybrid Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Transient Absorption Microscopy. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6148-6157. [PMID: 38603515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) provides an alternative approach to targeted cancer treatment, but the therapeutic mechanism of advanced nanodrugs applied to live cells and tissue is still not well understood. Herein, we employ the hybrid hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and transient absorption (TA) microscopy developed for real-time in vivo visualization of the dynamic interplay between the unique photoswichable lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticle-conjugated rose bengal and triphenylphosphonium (LD-UCNP@CS-Rb-TPP) probe synthesized and live cancer cells. The Langmuir pharmacokinetic model associated with SRS/TA imaging is built to quantitatively track the uptakes and pharmacokinetics of LD-UCNP@CS-Rb-TPP within cancer cells. Rapid SRS/TA imaging quantifies the endocytic internalization rates of the LD-UCNP@CS-Rb-TPP probe in individual HeLa cells, and the translocation of LD-UCNP@CS-Rb-TPP from mitochondria to cell nuclei monitored during PDT can be associated with mitochondria fragmentations and the increased nuclear membrane permeability, cascading the dual organelle ablations in cancer cells. The real-time SRS spectral changes of cellular components (e.g., proteins, lipids, and DNA) observed reflect the PDT-induced oxidative damage and the dose-dependent death pattern within a single live cancer cell, thereby facilitating the real-time screening of optimal light dose and illumination duration controls in PDT. This study provides new insights into the further understanding of drug delivery and therapeutic mechanisms of photoswitchable LD-UCNP nanomedicine in live cancer cells, which are critical in the optimization of nanodrug formulations and development of precision cancer treatment in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xin
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore
| | - Zichao Luo
- Department of Chemistry and the N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and the N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore
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100
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Zhou Y, Yang Y, Yi L, Pan M, Tang W, Duan H. Propofol and Dexmedetomidine Ameliorate Endotoxemia-Associated Encephalopathy via Inhibiting Ferroptosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1349-1368. [PMID: 38681208 PMCID: PMC11055548 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s458013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is recognized as a multiorgan and systemic damage caused by dysregulated host response to infection. Its acute systemic inflammatory response highly resembles that of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia. Propofol and dexmedetomidine are two commonly used sedatives for mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients and have been reported to alleviate cognitive impairment in many diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore and compare the effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine on the encephalopathy induced by endotoxemia and to investigate whether ferroptosis is involved, finally providing experimental evidence for multi-drug combination in septic sedation. Methods A total of 218 C57BL/6J male mice (20-25 g, 6-8 weeks) were used. Morris water maze (MWM) tests were performed to evaluate whether propofol and dexmedetomidine attenuated LPS-induced cognitive deficits. Brain injury was evaluated using Nissl and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining. Neuroinflammation was assessed by dihydroethidium (DHE) and DCFH-DA staining and by measuring the levels of three cytokines. The number of Iba1+ and GFAP+ cells was used to detect the activation of microglia and astrocytes. To explore the involvement of ferroptosis, the levels of ptgs2 and chac1; the content of iron, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH); and the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins were investigated. Conclusion The single use of propofol and dexmedetomidine mitigated LPS-induced cognitive impairment, while the combination showed poor performance. In alleviating endotoxemic neural loss and degeneration, the united sedative group exhibited the most potent capability. Both propofol and dexmedetomidine inhibited neuroinflammation, while propofol's effect was slightly weaker. All sedative groups reduced the neural apoptosis, inhibited the activation of microglia and astrocytes, and relieved neurologic ferroptosis. The combined group was most prominent in combating genetic and biochemical alterations of ferroptosis. Fpn1 may be at the core of endotoxemia-related ferroptosis activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangliang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengzhi Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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