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Mansour R, Al-Ani A, Al-Hussaini M, Abdel-Razeq H, Al-Ibraheem A, Mansour AH. Modifiable risk factors for cancer in the middle East and North Africa: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:223. [PMID: 38238708 PMCID: PMC10797965 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This scoping review examines controllable predisposing factors attributable to cancer in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region's adult population, highlighting opportunities to enhance cancer prevention programs. DESIGN We systematically searched the PubMed, Science Direct, and CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from 1997 to 2022 for articles reporting on the impact of modifiable risk factors on adult patients with cancer in the MENA region. RESULTS The review identified 42 relevant articles, revealing that tobacco consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, and diet are significant modifiable risk factors for cancer in the region. Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of lung, bladder, squamous cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer. A shift towards a westernized, calorie-dense diet has been observed, with some evidence suggesting that a Mediterranean diet may be protective against cancer. Obesity is a known risk factor for cancer, particularly breast malignancy, but further research is needed to determine its impact in the MENA region. Physical inactivity has been linked to colorectal cancer, but more studies are required to establish this relationship conclusively. Alcohol consumption, infections, and exposure to environmental carcinogens are additional risk factors, although the literature on these topics is limited. CONCLUSION The review emphasizes the need for further research and the development of targeted cancer prevention strategies in the MENA region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Mansour
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, USA
| | - Abdallah Al-Ani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maysa Al-Hussaini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hikmat Abdel-Razeq
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Akram Al-Ibraheem
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Asem H Mansour
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.
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de With J, van der Heijden S, van Amelsvoort T, Daemen M, Simons C, Alizadeh B, van Aalst D, de Haan L, Vermeulen J, Schirmbeck F. The association between childhood trauma and tobacco smoking in patients with psychosis, unaffected siblings, and healthy controls. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-023-01754-z. [PMID: 38231398 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
In patients with psychosis, rates of tobacco smoking and childhood trauma are significantly higher compared to the general population. Childhood trauma has been proposed as a risk factor for tobacco smoking. However, little is known about the relationship between childhood trauma and smoking in psychosis. In a subsample of the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis study (760 patients with psychosis, 991 unaffected siblings, and 491 healthy controls), tobacco smoking was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and childhood trauma was measured with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to assess associations between trauma and smoking, while correcting for confounders. Positive associations were found between total trauma, abuse, and neglect, and an increased risk for smoking in patients, while correcting for age and gender (ORtrauma 1.77, 95% CI 1.30-2.42, p < 0.001; ORabuse 1.69, 95% CI 1.23-2.31, p = 0.001; ORneglect 1.48, 95% CI 1.08-2.02, p = 0.014). In controls, total trauma and abuse were positively associated with smoking, while correcting for age and gender (ORtrauma 2.40, 95% CI 1.49-3.88, p < 0.001; ORabuse 2.02, 96% CI 1.23-3.32, p = 0.006). All associations lost their significance after controlling for additional covariates and multiple testing. Findings suggest that the association between childhood trauma and tobacco smoking can be mainly explained by confounders (gender, cannabis use, and education) in patients with psychosis. These identified aspects should be acknowledged in tobacco cessation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine de With
- Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam, UMC (Location AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Sanne van der Heijden
- Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam, UMC (Location AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maud Daemen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Simons
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GGzE Institute for Mental Health Care, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Behrooz Alizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daphne van Aalst
- Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam, UMC (Location AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam, UMC (Location AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Arkin, Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jentien Vermeulen
- Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam, UMC (Location AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederike Schirmbeck
- Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam, UMC (Location AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Mental Health, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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103
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Steimle L, Fleißner S, Haltmayer H, Beck T, Springer A, Stöver H. First German-speaking harm reduction conference in Vienna. Harm Reduct J 2024; 21:12. [PMID: 38229089 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-024-00932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The first Harm Reduction DACH Conference [DACH = D (Germany), A (Austria), CH (Switzerland)] took place in Vienna on June 23rd, 2023, and focused on tobacco harm reduction. It is the first conference bringing together various experts of all three German-speaking countries to shed light on the subject of destigmatization and tobacco harm reduction and to share their experiences with the audience. All in all, the first German-speaking harm reduction conference has the goal to discuss and expand harm reduction in the German-speaking countries. This meeting report gives a brief overview of the conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Steimle
- Institute of Addiction Research, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simon Fleißner
- Institute of Addiction Research, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | | | - Thilo Beck
- Arud Centre for Addiction Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Heino Stöver
- Institute of Addiction Research, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
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Ahmed R, Kaldis A, Voloudakis A. Silencing of a Nicotiana benthamiana ascorbate oxidase gene reveals its involvement in resistance against cucumber mosaic virus. Planta 2024; 259:38. [PMID: 38227024 PMCID: PMC10791908 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Silencing of an ascorbate oxidase (AO) gene in N. benthamiana enhanced disease severity from cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), showing higher accumulation and expansion of the spreading area of CMV. A Nicotiana benthamiana ascorbate oxidase (NbAO) gene was found to be induced upon cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infection. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was employed to elucidate the function of AO in N. benthamiana. The tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-mediated VIGS resulted in an efficient silencing of the NbAO gene, i.e., 97.5% and 78.8% in relative quantification as compared to the control groups (TRV::eGFP- and the mock-inoculated plants), respectively. In addition, AO enzymatic activity decreased in the TRV::NtAO-silenced plants as compared to control. TRV::NtAO-mediated NbAO silencing induced a greater reduction in plant height by 15.2% upon CMV infection. CMV titer at 3 dpi was increased in the systemic leaves of NbAO-silenced plants (a 35-fold change difference as compared to the TRV::eGFP-treated group). Interestingly, CMV and TRV titers vary in different parts of systemically infected N. benthamiana leaves. In TRV::eGFP-treated plants, CMV accumulated only at the top half of the leaf, whereas the bottom half of the leaf was "occupied" by TRV. In contrast, in the NbAO-silenced plants, CMV accumulated in both the top and the bottom half of the leaf, suggesting that the silencing of the NbAO gene resulted in the expansion of the spreading area of CMV. Our data suggest that the AO gene might function as a resistant factor against CMV infection in N. benthamiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Ahmed
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, 785013, India
| | - Athanasios Kaldis
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Voloudakis
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece.
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Dobaradaran S, Telgheder U, De-la-Torre GE, Rockel SP, Mutke XAM, Schmidt TC. Elucidating nicotine transfer into water environments via cigarette butt remaining parts. Environ Pollut 2024; 341:122943. [PMID: 37979652 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine, the main alkaloid in tobacco, enters water environments through discarded cigarette butts (CBs), possibly causing detrimental effects. However, there is no comprehensive investigation on the long-term leaching of nicotine from the different CBs parts. Therefore, in the present study, the ecological risk and the leachate levels of nicotine from different CBs parts were investigated. Freshly smoked CBs, aged CBs collected from streets, remaining tobacco and ash of freshly smoked CBs, and filter plus paper of freshly smoked CBs were evaluated for the leachate experiments. The order of nicotine leachate from different types of CBs and parts investigated were as remaining tobacco plus ash of freshly smoked CBs > freshly smoked CBs > aged CBs > filter plus paper of freshly smoked CBs with the ranges of 5.73-17.34, 0.36-8.6, 0.31-4.12, and 0.17-2.79 mg of nicotine per g of CB or remaining parts (mg g-1), respectively. The ecological risk assessment revealed that nicotine leachates from all the CBs types or their remaining parts could be highly hazardous to fish, cladocerans, algae, and Daphnia magna. Based on the mean leachate levels of nicotine via freshly smoked CBs at exposure times of 1 min to 1 month and the estimated number of littered CBs every year on a worldwide scale, freshly smoked CBs may release 380-7065 tons of nicotine into water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Dobaradaran
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen 45141, Germany.
| | - Ursula Telgheder
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen 45141, Germany
| | | | - Sarah P Rockel
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Xenia A M Mutke
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. 5, Essen 45141, Germany
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Lai RY, Su MH, Lin YF, Chen CY, Pan YJ, Hsiao PC, Chen PC, Huang YT, Wu CS, Wang SH. Relationship between mood disorders and substance involvement and the shared genetic liabilities: A population-based study in Taiwan. J Affect Disord 2024; 345:168-176. [PMID: 37879417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the phenotypic association of mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BPD), with a range of substance involvement, including lifetime experience and age at initiation of tobacco, alcohol, and betel nut use. Additionally, we elucidated polygenic risk score (PRS) association. METHODS In total, 132,615 community participants were recruited from the Taiwan Biobank. Genome-wide genotyping data were available for 106,806 unrelated individuals, and the PRS for MDD and BPD was calculated. The significance of mood disorders and PRSs associated with substance involvement were evaluated using a linear/logistic regression model with adjustment for potential confounders. Sex differences were assessed. RESULTS MDD and BPD were associated with regular alcohol consumption, drinking cessation, tobacco smoking, smoking cessation, betel nut chewing, and earlier onset of drinking. BPD was associated with an earlier onset of smoking. MDD PRS was associated with regular alcohol use (odds ratio [OR] per standard deviation increase in PRS = 1.03, p = 0.018), alcohol cessation (OR = 1.05, p = 0.03), regular tobacco use (OR = 1.08, p < 0.0001), and betel nut chewing (OR = 1.06, p < 0.0001), whereas BPD PRS was not associated with substance use. Phenotypic association strengths between MDD/BPD and regular drinking/smoking and the polygenic association between MDD PRS and regular smoking were larger in females than in males. LIMITATIONS Retrospective self-reported MDD/BPD diagnoses and substance involvement. CONCLUSIONS Mood disorders were associated with a range of substance involvement. Shared genetic architecture contributed to the co-occurrence of MDD and substance involvement. These findings may help design prevention and cessation strategies for substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou-Yi Lai
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsin Su
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yen-Feng Lin
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yi-Jiun Pan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chang Hsiao
- College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chen
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tsung Huang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shin Wu
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin branch, Douliu, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Heng Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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107
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Wang Q, Lucas JH, Pang C, Zhao R, Rahman I. Tobacco and menthol flavored nicotine-free electronic cigarettes induced inflammation and dysregulated repair in lung fibroblast and epithelium. Respir Res 2024; 25:23. [PMID: 38200492 PMCID: PMC10777495 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electronic cigarette (e-cig) vaping has increased in the past decade in the US, and e-cig use is misleadingly marketed as a safe cessation for quitting smoking. The main constituents in e-liquid are humectants, such as propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerine (VG), but different flavoring chemicals are also used. However, the toxicology profile of flavored e-cigs in the pulmonary tract is lacking. We hypothesized that menthol and tobacco-flavored e-cig (nicotine-free) exposure results in inflammatory responses and dysregulated repair in lung fibroblast and epithelium. METHOD We exposed lung fibroblast (HFL-1) and epithelium (BEAS-2B) to Air, PG/VG, menthol flavored, or tobacco-flavored e-cig, and determined the cytotoxicity, inflammation, and wound healing ability in 2D cells and 3D microtissue chip models. RESULTS After exposure, HFL-1 showed decreased cell number with increased IL-8 levels in the tobacco flavor group compared to air. BEAS-2B also showed increased IL-8 secretion after PG/VG and tobacco flavor exposure, while menthol flavor exposure showed no change. Both menthol and tobacco-flavored e-cig exposure showed decreased protein abundance of type 1 collagen α 1 (COL1A1), α-smooth-muscle actin (αSMA), and fibronectin as well as decreased gene expression level of αSMA (Acta2) in HFL-1. After tobacco flavor e-cig exposure, HFL-1 mediated wound healing and tissue contractility were inhibited. Furthermore, BEAS-2B exposed to menthol flavor showed significantly decreased tight junction gene expressions, such as CDH1, OCLN, and TJP1. CONCLUSION Overall, tobacco-flavored e-cig exposure induces inflammation in both epithelium and fibroblasts, and tobacco-flavored e-cig inhibits wound healing ability in fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Wang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Joseph H Lucas
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Cortney Pang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Ruogang Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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Lee HH, Lee H, Bhatt DL, Lee GB, Han J, Shin DW, Kang D, Youn JC, Guallar E, Cho J, Kim HC. Smoking habit change after cancer diagnosis: effect on cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:132-135. [PMID: 37260198 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeok-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hokyou Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, 1 Gustave Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ga Bin Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyen Han
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 115 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 115 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea
| | - Danbee Kang
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 115 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Youn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Research Institute for Intractable Cardiovascular Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Juhee Cho
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 115 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 115 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Guo Q, Lu Y, Liu W, Lan G, Lan T. The global, regional, and national disease burden of breast cancer attributable to tobacco from 1990 to 2019: a global burden of disease study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:107. [PMID: 38184557 PMCID: PMC10770986 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tobacco has been identified as a significant contributory element to the development of breast cancer. Our objective was to evaluate the spatiotemporal trends of tobacco-related breast cancer at the global, regional, and national scales during 1990-2019. METHODS We extracted data on mortality, disability adjusted of life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was computed to assess the temporal change in ASDR and ASMR. RESULTS In 2019, the deaths and DALYs attributed to tobacco-related breast cancer were estimated to be 35,439 (95% UI: 22,179-48,119) and 1,060,590 (95% UI: 622,550-1,462,580), respectively. These figures accounted for 5.1% and 5.2% of the total burden of breast cancer. ASMR and ASDR increased in low SDI regions, remained stable in low-middle and middle SDI regions and declined in high and high-middle SDI regions. The burden of breast cancer attributable to tobacco varied notably among regions and nations. Oceania, Southern Latin America, and Central Europe were the GBD regions with the highest number of ASMR and DALYs. There was a positive relationship between age-standardized rate and SDI value in 2019 across 204 nations or territories. A negative association was observed between the EAPC in ASMR or ASDR and the human development index (HDI) in 2019 (R = -0.55, p < 0.01 for ASMR; R = -0.56, p < 0.01 for ASDR). CONCLUSION Tobacco is one important and modifiable risk factor for breast cancer. The heterogeneity in both the spatial and temporal distribution can be attributed to factors such as aging, population growth, and SDI. These findings substantiate the necessity of expediting the enforcement of tobacco-free legislation in order to safeguard populations from the detrimental effects of tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Jiangshan, Quzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaochen Lan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Rey-Brandariz J, Ruano-Ravina A, Santiago-Pérez MI, Varela-Lema L, Guerra-Tort C, Montes A, Piñeiro M, Rábade C, Pérez-Ríos M. Evolution of smoking prevalence in Spain and its 17 autonomous regions (1987-2020). Med Clin (Barc) 2024:S0025-7753(23)00715-7. [PMID: 38184463 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Continuous monitoring of smoking prevalence is essential to understand the evolution of the tobacco epidemic in a population. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of smoking prevalence in Spain and its 17 Autonomous Regions (ARs) in population ≥15 years during the period 1987-2020. METHODS Tobacco consumption data were derived from the National Health Survey of Spain and the European Health Survey in Spain. A smoker was defined as a person who smoked at the time of the survey. The trend in prevalences by sex in Spain and its ARs was analyzed by applying joinpoint models. Age-standardized prevalences were calculated for Spain by applying the direct method. RESULTS In Spain, the prevalence of consumption decreased 29 percentage points in men and 4.5 in women between 1987-2020. In men, the smoking prevalence decreased in all the ARs and the absolute change varied between -19.5% in the Balearic Islands and -33.9% in Andalusia. In women, the evolution of smoking prevalence differed between ARs. The absolute change varied between -15.4% in Basque Country and 0.5% in Andalusia. CONCLUSIONS The number of men and women smokers has decreased in Spain between 1987-2020. Different patterns of evolution of the prevalence of consumption are observed among the ARs, especially among women. This reinforces the need for policies adapted to more local contexts and that take into account the gender perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rey-Brandariz
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP, España
| | - Alberto Ruano-Ravina
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - María Isolina Santiago-Pérez
- Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - Leonor Varela-Lema
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España.
| | - Carla Guerra-Tort
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - Agustín Montes
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - María Piñeiro
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - Carlos Rábade
- Servicio de Neumología. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
| | - Mónica Pérez-Ríos
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
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Ahmed IA, Mohammed MA, Hassan HM, Ali IA. Relationship between tobacco smoking and hematological indices among Sudanese smokers. J Health Popul Nutr 2024; 43:5. [PMID: 38178235 PMCID: PMC10765807 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco Smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in the world. It is well documented that tobacco smoking is risk factor for many diseases like: cancers, chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and the effects of tobacco smoking on hematological indices gets a little attention: the data is mostly inconsistent regarding the differential of WBCs, a conflicting studies described the effect of smoking on hemoglobin descriptive parameters and a regular monitoring of platelets count in smokers was advised. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between tobacco smoking and hematological parameters among Sudanese healthy Smokers at Bahri Town. METHODS This was a cross sectional study conducted during 2022 in Bahri town, Khartoum state. A total of 120 male subjects participated in this study. Of them, 60 healthy non-smokers participants (Control), and 60 age matched smokers who were smoking tobacco for a minimum of 1 year. Smokers group was divided into three major sub-groups with each group contains 20 subjects: Cigarettes smokers (CS), Water pipes (Shisha) smokers (WP) and both Cigarettes and water pipes (shisha) smokers (CSWP). Data was collected through questionnaire interviews and laboratory investigation. A sample of Five ml venous blood was taken for Complete blood count testing using Urite 3000 plus semi-automated hematology analyzer. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Assocation between the variables were estimated and p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Smokers had significantly higher RBCs count (p = 0.017), Hb level (p < 0.001), WBCs count (p = .017), Neutrophils (p < 0.001), MCH (p = 0.029), MCHC (p < 0.001), RDW (p < 0.001), and PDW (p < 0.001) compared to the non-smokers. In contrast, non-smokers had higher MPV (p < 0.001) and MCV (p < 0.001) levels than smokers. Between the non-smokers and different subtypes of the smokers (CS, WP & CSWP), there were significant differences between the subgroups for all hematological parameters except for PLTs and lymphocytes count. CS had lower levels of MCV (p < 0.001), MCHC (p < 0.001), HCT (p = 0.036), and RDW (p < 0.001) compared to the non-smokers, while both cigarette and shisha smokers had the higher levels of neutrophils count (p < 0.001) and PDW (p < 0.001) compared to the non-smokers. CONCLUSION Smoking affects hematological parameters; smokers had significantly higher RBCs count, Hb level, WBCs count, Neutrophils, MCH, MCHC, RDW and PDW compared to the non-smoker group. WP smoking caused higher levels of RBCs, Hb, neutrophils, MCH and MCHC. PDW was high in smokers' sub-groups compared to control group, while MPV was lower despite insignificant change In PLTs count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzut Awad Ahmed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | | | - Ibrahim Abdelrhim Ali
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Godoy R, Benavent Núñez M, Cruz J, López Yepes G, Parralejo Jiménez A, Callejas FJ, Izquierdo JL. Smokers and risk of hospital death by COVID calculated with SAVANA's natural language processing in the Castilla-La Mancha area. Rev Clin Esp 2024; 224:34-42. [PMID: 38142978 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID pandemic, it was speculated that patients with the virus who were smoking-related might have a lower likelihood of disease exacerbation or death. To assess whether there is an association between smoking and risk of in-hospital mortality, SAVANA's big data and Natural Language Processing (NLP) technology is used. METHOD A retrospective, observational, non-interventional cohort study was conducted based on real-life data extracted from medical records throughout Castilla La Mancha using Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence techniques developed by SAVANA. The study covered the entire population of this region with Electronic Medical Records in SESCAM presenting with a diagnosis of COVID from March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021. RESULTS Smokers had a significantly higher percentage of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes), COPD, asthma, IDP, IC, CVD, PTE, cancer in general and lung cancer in particular, bronchiectasis, heart failure and a history of pneumonia (p < 0.0001).Former smokers, current smokers and non-smokers have a significant age difference. As for in-hospital deaths, they were more frequent in the case of ex-smokers, followed by smokers and then non-smokers (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION There is an increased risk of dying in hospital in SARS-COV2-infected patients who are active smokers or have smoked in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Godoy
- Servicio de Neumología del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Spain.
| | | | - J Cruz
- Servicio de Neumología del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Spain
| | | | | | - F J Callejas
- Servicio de Neumología del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Spain
| | - J L Izquierdo
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Spain
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Sumithrarachchi S, Athukorala I, Rumy F, Jayasinghe R. Prevalence of tobacco and areca-nut use among patients attending dental teaching hospital in the central province of Sri Lanka and its association with oral mucosal lesions; a cross sectional study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:39-43. [PMID: 38179108 PMCID: PMC10764264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tobacco and areca-nut are risk factors for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders. Oral cancer is ranked as the commonest among males in Sri Lanka (18.4 %). This research aims to determine the prevalence of tobacco and areca-nut use and its association with oral lesions. Method It is a cross-sectional study using 368 patients attending the Dental Diagnostic Clinic. Details of tobacco and areca-nut use were collected and participants were examined for mucosal lesions. Results It revealed that 23.9 % had tobacco use. Out of these, 41.1 %, 22.2 % and 36.7 % had smokeless-tobacco use, smoking and both, respectively. Similarly, 25.3 % had areca-nut/betel-quid use and majority (72.8 %) added tobacco to it. Tobacco (93.2 %) and areca-nut (79.6 %) use was higher among males (p < 0.05). Significant associations of areca-nut use with age (p = 0.001) and education level (p = 0.025) were noted. Oral lesions like de-pigmentation, white patches, ulcers, growths and oral sub-mucous fibrosis (OSF) had prevalences of 2.4 % each. Prevalence of pigmentation, lobulated tongue and erosive lesions was 10.6 %, 4.6 % and 1.4 %, respectively. 32.6 % had abnormalities like linea-alba, periodontal problems, pericoronitis and hairy tongue. The study revealed that >90 % of those who used tobacco and areca-nut had oral lesions (p < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of tobacco and areca-nut use is high among patients attending the Dental Teaching Hospital, and its association with mucosal lesions is significant. Hence regular awareness programs on the adverse effects of tobacco and areca-nut use should be carried out at the Diagnostic clinic as a preventive measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumali Sumithrarachchi
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Isuru Athukorala
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Fazly Rumy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ruwan Jayasinghe
- Centre for Research in Oral Cancer and Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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Guindon GE, Mentzakis E, Buckley NJ. Cigarette packaging, warnings, prices, and contraband: A discrete choice experiment among smokers in Ontario, Canada. Econ Hum Biol 2024; 52:101340. [PMID: 38134576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In Canada, despite substantial decline, tobacco use remains the leading risk factor responsible for mortality and morbidity. There is overwhelming evidence that higher tobacco taxes reduce tobacco use, even if high taxes create an incentive to avoid or evade tobacco taxes. Recently, in addition to taxes, plain and standardized packaging and printing a warning on each cigarette have been lauded to reduce tobacco use. In November 2019, Canada became the country with the most comprehensive cigarette packaging regulations; and in June 2022, Canada proposed to print health warnings on individual cigarettes, the first jurisdiction to ever do so. The regulations came into force on August 1, 2023, and are being implemented through a stepwise approach. Our objective was to examine the effects of plain and standardized packaging, warning on cigarettes, price, and the availability of illicit cigarettes on intention to purchase and risk perceptions. We conducted a discrete choice experiment, and examined heterogeneity in preferences using latent class models among smokers in Ontario, Canada. We found that using latent class analyses was essential in quantifying preferences for attributes of cigarettes and cigarette packs. First, nearly half of smokers stated a preference for cheaper illicit cigarettes in a branded pack without any health warnings, regardless of the licit cigarette alternatives. For about 20% of respondents, plain packaging and especially warning on cigarette sticks decreased the probability of stating a purchasing preference for these alternatives. Third, about a third of respondents chose competing alternatives with mostly one attribute in mind, price. Lastly, none of the products and attributes seem to have significantly influenced risk perception. Our findings attest to the importance of prices and taxes, to the potential of warnings on cigarette sticks to control tobacco use, and indicate that efforts to restrict the availability of illicit cigarettes may yield substantial benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Emmanuel Guindon
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Economics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | | | - Neil J Buckley
- Department of Economics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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da Silva MP, Sá AM, Bastos M, Bilharva CDSA, Marques E, da Silva DF. Clustering of health risk behaviors in pregnant individuals: Data from the Brazilian risk factor surveillance system for non-communicable chronic diseases. Prev Med 2024; 178:107818. [PMID: 38092327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clustering of health risk behaviors (HRB) and its association with demographics, physical exercise, overweight, perception of health, and diseases in Brazilian pregnant people. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Risk Factor Surveillance System for Non-communicable Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (VIGITEL), the main health survey in Brazil. METHODS We used data on fruit and vegetable consumption, TV time, tobacco, and alcohol abuse in individuals who reported being pregnant (n = 4553). We used latent class analysis to identify optimal HRB clustering among participants. Multinomial regression (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence intervals [95%CI]) was applied to identify factors associated with HRB cluster. RESULTS Three clustering classes were identified: "without HRB cluster" (i.e., least unhealthy behaviors) (n = 2402, 52,8%), "moderate HRB cluster" (n = 1983, 43,5%), and "high HRB cluster" (i.e., most unhealthy behaviors) (n = 168, 3,7%). Pregnant people aged 35-50 years (OR = 1.89, 95%CI = 1.01; 3.52) who did not practice physical exercise (OR = 1.94, 95%CI 1.11; 3.39) were more likely to be classified as "high HRB cluster". Participants with 9-11 years (OR = 0.11, 95%CI = 0.07; 0.17) and ≥ 12 (OR = 0.05, 95%CI = 0.02; 0.11) years of education had a lower likelihood of being in the "high HRB cluster". CONCLUSION Three HRB clustering patterns were found in this study. Greater maternal age, low education, and absence of physical exercises increased the chances of being in the high HRB cluster group. Participants with higher educational levels were less likely to be in the High HRB cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pereira da Silva
- Physical Activity and Public Health Research Group - GPASP, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Public Health Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Munhoz Sá
- Physical Activity and Public Health Research Group - GPASP, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Public Health Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Murilo Bastos
- Physical Activity and Public Health Research Group - GPASP, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste- UNICENTRO, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Cleonice Dos Santos Amaral Bilharva
- Physical Activity and Public Health Research Group - GPASP, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Public Health Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Elba Marques
- Public Health Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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Vander Weg MW, Howren MB, Grant KM, Prochazka AV, Duffy S, Burke R, Cretzmeyer M, Parker C, Thomas EBK, Rizk MT, Bayer J, Kinner EM, Clark JM, Katz DA. A smoking cessation intervention for rural veterans tailored to individual risk factors: A multicenter randomized clinical trial. J Subst Use Addict Treat 2024; 156:209191. [PMID: 37866436 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rates of cigarette use remain elevated among those living in rural areas. Depressive symptoms, risky alcohol use, and weight concerns frequently accompany cigarette smoking and may adversely affect quitting. Whether treatment for tobacco use that simultaneously addresses these issues affects cessation outcomes is uncertain. METHODS The study was a multicenter, two-group, randomized controlled trial involving mostly rural veterans who smoke (N = 358) receiving treatment at one of five Veterans Affairs Medical Centers. The study randomly assigned participants to a tailored telephone counseling intervention or referral to their state tobacco quitline. Both groups received guideline-recommended smoking cessation pharmacotherapy, selected using a shared decision-making approach. The primary outcome was self-reported seven-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at three and six months. The study used salivary cotinine to verify self-reported quitting at six months. RESULTS Self-reported PPA was significantly greater in participants assigned to Tailored Counseling at three (OR = 1.66; 95 % CI: 1.07-2.58) but not six (OR = 1.35; 95 % CI: 0.85-2.15) months. Post hoc subgroup analyses examining treatment group differences based on whether participants had a positive screen for elevated depressive symptoms, risky alcohol use, and/or concerns about weight gain indicated that the cessation benefit of Tailored Counseling at three months was limited to those with ≥1 accompanying concern (OR = 2.02, 95 % CI: 1.20-3.42). Biochemical verification suggested low rates of misreporting. CONCLUSIONS A tailored smoking cessation intervention addressing concomitant risk factors enhanced short-term abstinence but did not significantly improve long-term quitting. Extending the duration of treatment may be necessary to sustain treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Vander Weg
- Center for Access & Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE), Iowa City VA Health Care System, United States of America; Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa College of Public Health, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, United States of America; VA Office of Rural Health (ORH), Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Iowa City, United States of America.
| | - M Bryant Howren
- VA Office of Rural Health (ORH), Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Iowa City, United States of America; Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University, United States of America; Florida Blue Center for Rural Health Research & Policy, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M Grant
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, United States of America; University of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Allan V Prochazka
- Primary Care, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, United States of America; Denver Seattle Center for Veteran-centric Value-based Research (DiSCoVVR), United States of America
| | - Sonia Duffy
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, United States of America; College of Nursing, Ohio State University, United States of America
| | - Randy Burke
- Mental Health Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, United States of America
| | | | - Christopher Parker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, United States of America
| | - Emily B K Thomas
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, United States of America
| | | | - Jennifer Bayer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ellen M Kinner
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, United States of America
| | - Jennifer M Clark
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - David A Katz
- Center for Access & Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE), Iowa City VA Health Care System, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, United States of America
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Muenstermann C, Clemens KJ. Epigenetic mechanisms of nicotine dependence. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105505. [PMID: 38070842 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Smoking continues to be a leading cause of preventable disease and death worldwide. Nicotine dependence generates a lifelong propensity towards cravings and relapse, presenting an ongoing challenge for the development of treatments. Accumulating evidence supports a role for epigenetics in the development and maintenance of addiction to many drugs of abuse, however, the involvement of epigenetics in nicotine dependence is less clear. Here we review evidence that nicotine interacts with epigenetic mechanisms to enable the maintenance of nicotine-seeking across time. Research across species suggests that nicotine increases permissive histone acetylation, decreases repressive histone methylation, and modulates levels of DNA methylation and noncoding RNA expression throughout the brain. These changes are linked to the promoter regions of genes critical for learning and memory, reward processing and addiction. Pharmacological manipulation of enzymes that catalyze core epigenetic modifications regulate nicotine reward and associative learning, demonstrating a functional role of epigenetic modifications in nicotine dependence. These findings are consistent with nicotine promoting an overall permissive chromatin state at genes important for learning, memory and reward. By exploring these links through next-generation sequencing technologies, epigenetics provides a promising avenue for future interventions to treat nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly J Clemens
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Al-Kuwari MG, Al-Khenji AA, Al-Baker WA, Bala MO. Tobacco control in Qatar from 2002 to 2022: 20 years of progress and challenges. J Public Health Res 2024; 13:22799036241229341. [PMID: 38322020 PMCID: PMC10846134 DOI: 10.1177/22799036241229341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Tobacco use and exposure has been known as one of the leading causes of premature mortality worldwide. Tobacco control measures have been considered one of the strategies for reducing the burden of NCDs, improving public health, and strengthening the health system's response to threats and pandemics. The State of Qatar has put tobacco control a national public health priority as it has adopted various tobacco control measures that the WHO classified as high-impact measures. This has resulted in achieving tobacco control milestones which led to constant monitoring of tobacco use and the provision of smoking cessation services at all healthcare levels. However, there is still much work to be done to fill the gaps and respond to the emergence of novel tobacco products and market strategies in an effective way. This review highlights the status of tobacco use and exposure in the State of Qatar, and focus on the progress, and challenges in the implementation of tobacco control policies and smoking cessation services between 2002 and 2022.
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Caspers S, Abramowicz S, Pasteels B, Postelmans L. Smoking and short-term response to intravitreal anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor injections in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. J Fr Ophtalmol 2024; 47:103955. [PMID: 37838498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the role of smoking status on the response to three monthly intravitreal anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (anti-VEGF) injections in treatment-naive neovascular AMD (nAMD) patients. METHODS We conducted a single-center, retrospective, case-control cohort study in Belgium. RESULTS Intravitreal treatment (IVT) was performed in 147 eyes of 131 patients, including 92 females (70%). Mean age at the time of the first IVT was 79±9 years. Seventeen patients (13%) were actively smoking at the time of the anti-VEGF IVT. On average, active smokers were 11 years younger than non-smokers when starting IVT treatment. They also showed more frequent subretinal fluid than non-smokers (94% vs. 65%). Mann-Whitney analyses comparing change in central macular thickness and change in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity between active smokers and non-smokers showed no significant difference in treatment response between both groups. Likewise, no significant difference was found when comparing treatment response between patients with less than 10 pack-years (PY) (including never-smokers) and patients with over 10 PY. In a binary logistic regression model, male patients responded worse to anti-VEGF IVT than their female counterparts, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.27 for good response. This was the only statistically significant predictor of treatment response. CONCLUSION Our study failed to demonstrate an effect of smoking on the short-term treatment response to anti-VEGF in nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Caspers
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Brugmann, université libre de Bruxelles, place Van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - S Abramowicz
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Brugmann, université libre de Bruxelles, place Van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Pasteels
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Brugmann, université libre de Bruxelles, place Van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Postelmans
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Brugmann, université libre de Bruxelles, place Van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
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Jimenez-Gómez N, López-Suárez A, Haro S, Fernández-González P, Monserrat J, Eraña-Tomás I, Cuevas-Santos J, Rodríguez-Luna A, Ortega MA, Gómez-Sánchez MJ, Díaz D, Jaén-Olasolo P, Álvarez-Mon M. Immunomodulation with AM3 and antioxidants creates an adequate framework for skin repair and decreases the monocyte proinflammatory stage in smoker women. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115929. [PMID: 38070248 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking has been considering a crucial factor in promoting skin and systemic aging that is associated with the development of a low-level, systemic, chronic inflammation known as "inflammaging" in which monocytes play a pivotal role. Our aim was to investigate the effects of AM3 plus antioxidants vs placebo in the activation status, function of monocytes and cutaneous aging parameters in healthy smoker middle-aged women. A total of 32 women were 1:1 randomly assigned to AM3 plus antioxidants or placebo for three months. Peripheral mononuclear blood cells and cutaneous biopsy were obtained and flow cytometry and immunohistological studies, respectively, were performed before and after the treatment. AM3 plus antioxidants treatment compared with placebo significantly reduced the monocyte production of the proinflammatory interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) cytokines as well as increased the regulatory IL-10 in middle-aged smoker women. Furthermore, AM3 and antioxidants did not modify ROS production by monocytes and granulocytes but increased their phagocytic activity. The active combination also stimulated a significative increase in reticular dermis depth as well as an increase in the expression of CD117 and CD31. Thus, AM3 and antioxidants treatment reduces the systemic proinflammatory monocyte disturbance of heathy smoker middle-aged women and encourage skin repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea López-Suárez
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Oncology Service, University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias", Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Haro
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28801, Spain
| | - Pablo Fernández-González
- Dermatology Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Medical department, Cantabria Labs, 28043 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Oncology Service, University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias", Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Eraña-Tomás
- Pathology Department, Fundación Jimenez Díaz Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Cuevas-Santos
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28801, Spain
| | - Azahara Rodríguez-Luna
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Profesor García González Street Seville, 41012, Spain
| | - Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28801, Spain; Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David Díaz
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Oncology Service, University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias", Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Jaén-Olasolo
- Dermatology Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28801, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Oncology Service, University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias", Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28801, Spain
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Dillinger JG, Pezel T, Delmas C, Schurtz G, Trimaille A, Piliero N, Bouleti C, Lattuca B, Andrieu S, Fabre J, Rossanaly Vasram R, Dib JC, Aboyans V, Fauvel C, Roubille F, Gerbaud E, Boccara A, Puymirat E, Toupin S, Vicaut E, Henry P. Carbon monoxide and prognosis in smokers hospitalised with acute cardiac events: a multicentre, prospective cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 67:102401. [PMID: 38261914 PMCID: PMC10796965 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking cigarettes produces carbon monoxide (CO), which can reduce the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. We aimed to determine whether elevated expiratory CO levels would be associated with a worse prognosis in smokers presenting with acute cardiac events. Methods From 7 to 22 April 2021, expiratory CO levels were measured in a prospective registry including all consecutive patients admitted for acute cardiac event in 39 centres throughout France. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause death. Initial in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MAE; death, resuscitated cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock) were also analysed. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05063097). Findings Among 1379 patients (63 ± 15 years, 70% men), 368 (27%) were active smokers. Expiratory CO levels were significantly raised in active smokers compared to non-smokers. A CO level >11 parts per million (ppm) found in 94 (25.5%) smokers was associated with a significant increase in death (14.9% for CO > 11 ppm vs. 2.9% for CO ≤ 11 ppm; p < 0.001). Similar results were found after adjustment for comorbidities (hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval (CI)]): 5.92 [2.43-14.38]) or parameters of in-hospital severity (HR 6.09, 95% CI [2.51-14.80]) and propensity score matching (HR 7.46, 95% CI [1.70-32.8]). CO > 11 ppm was associated with a significant increase in MAE in smokers during initial hospitalisation after adjustment for comorbidities (odds ratio [OR] 15.75, 95% CI [5.56-44.60]) or parameters of in-hospital severity (OR 10.67, 95% CI [4.06-28.04]). In the overall population, CO > 11 ppm but not smoking was associated with an increased rate of all-cause death (HR 4.03, 95% CI [2.33-6.98] and 1.66 [0.96-2.85] respectively). Interpretation Elevated CO level is independently associated with a 6-fold increase in 1-year death and 10-fold in-hospital MAE in smokers hospitalized for acute cardiac events. Funding Grant from Fondation Coeur & Recherche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Guillaume Dillinger
- Department of Cardiology, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm U-942, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Théo Pezel
- Department of Cardiology, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm U-942, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Clément Delmas
- Intensive Cardiac Care Unit, Rangueil University Hospital, 31000, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julien Fabre
- University Hospital of Fort de France, Fort De France, Martinique
| | | | - Jean-Claude Dib
- Clinique Medico-Chirurgicale Ambroise Pare, Neuilly Sur Seine, France
| | | | - Charles Fauvel
- Rouen University Hospital, INSERM EnVI 1096, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Francois Roubille
- Cardiology Department, INI-CRT, CHU de Montpellier, PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Gerbaud
- Cardiology Intensive Care Unit and, Interventional Cardiology, Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Pessac, France
- Bordeaux Cardio-Thoracic Research Centre, U1045, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Etienne Puymirat
- Université Paris Cité, Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), France
| | - Solenn Toupin
- Department of Cardiology, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm U-942, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Eric Vicaut
- Unité de recherche clinique – Hopital Lariboisiere, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Henry
- Department of Cardiology, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm U-942, 75010, Paris, France
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Kcomt L, Evans-Polce RJ, Engstrom CW, Takahashi J, Matthews PA, Veliz PT, West BT, McCabe SE. Social Ecological Influences on Nicotine/ Tobacco Use Among Gender-Varying and Gender-Stable Adolescents and Adults in the USA. Ann Behav Med 2024; 58:1-11. [PMID: 37983126 PMCID: PMC10729790 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our study examined individual-, interpersonal-, community-, and policy-level associations with nicotine/tobacco use among gender-varying and gender-stable U.S. individuals. METHODS Data from Waves 2-4 (2014/15-2016/18) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (n = 33,197 U.S. adolescents and adults aged ≥14 years) and state-level gender minority policy data were used. Using multivariable logistic regression, the odds of past-30-day nicotine/tobacco use at W4 were estimated as a function of gender stability/variability, psychological distress, number of tobacco products used by family/friends, anti-tobacco marketing exposure, and change in gender minority-related policies from 2015 to 2017. RESULTS Gender-varying individuals had higher odds of nicotine/tobacco use compared with gender-stable individuals (AOR range = 1.7-2.3, p < .01). In the overall sample, positive change in gender minority policy protections (tallied from medium to high) was associated with lower odds of any nicotine/tobacco, other tobacco, and poly-tobacco use (AOR = 0.8, p < .05) compared to states with no change in their negative policies. Anti-tobacco marketing exposure was associated with lower odds of any tobacco, cigarette, e-cigarette, and poly-tobacco use compared with those who had no anti-tobacco marketing exposure (AOR = 0.9, p < .05). Higher psychological distress (AOR range = 1.7-2.4, p < .001) and an increasing number of tobacco products used by family/friends (AOR range = 1.1-1.3, p < .001) were associated with increased odds of nicotine/tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS Multilevel prevention and intervention strategies are needed to reduce the risk of nicotine/tobacco use among gender-varying and gender-stable individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Kcomt
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rebecca J Evans-Polce
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Curtiss W Engstrom
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Phil T Veliz
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brady T West
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sean Esteban McCabe
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Sołtysiak M, Paplińska-Goryca M, Misiukiewicz-Stępień P, Wójtowicz P, Dutkiewicz M, Zegrocka-Stendel O, Sikorska M, Dymkowska D, Turos-Korgul L, Krenke R, Koziak K. β-escin activates ALDH and prevents cigarette smoke-induced cell death. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115924. [PMID: 38016364 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tobacco use is one of the biggest public health threats worldwide. Cigarette smoke contains over 7000 chemicals among other aldehydes, regarded as priority toxicants. β-escin (a mixture of triterpenoid saponins extracted from the Aesculus hippocastanum. L) is a potent activator of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) - an enzyme catalyzing oxidation of aldehydes to non-toxic carboxylic acids. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of β-escin on ALDH activity, ALDH isoforms mRNA expression and cytotoxicity in nasal epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). METHODS Nasal epithelial cells from healthy non-smokers were treated with β-escin (1 µM) and exposed to 5% CSE. After 6- or 24-hours of stimulation cell viability, DNA damage, ALDH activity and mRNA expression of ALDH isoforms were examined. RESULTS 24 h β-escin stimulation revised CSE induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage. Cells cultured with β-escin or exposed to CSE responded with strong increase in ALDH activity. This effect was more pronounced in cultures treated with combination of β-escin and CSE. The strongest stimulatory effect on ALDH isoform mRNA expression was observed in cells cultured simultaneously with β-escin and CSE: at 6 h for ALDH1A1 and ALDH3A1, and at 24 h for ALDH1A3, ALDH3A2, ALDH3B1, and ALDH18A1. Combined β-escin and CSE treatment prevented the CSE-induced inhibition of ALDH2 expression at 24 h. CONCLUSIONS β-escin is an effective ALDH stimulatory and cytoprotective agent and might be useful in the prevention or supportive treatment of tobacco smoke-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Sołtysiak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Paplińska-Goryca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stępień
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Wójtowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dutkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oliwia Zegrocka-Stendel
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Sikorska
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Dymkowska
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Laura Turos-Korgul
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Koziak
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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Courtemanche Y, Poliakova N, Muckle G, Bélanger RE. Smoking cessation attempts and successes among Nunavimmiut. Can J Public Health 2024; 115:126-135. [PMID: 37410367 PMCID: PMC10831029 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00790-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The smoking rate in Canada has declined in past decades, yet smoking rates remain high in Nunavik (northern Québec), where an estimated 80% of adult respondents smoke. We investigated sociodemographic factors, smoking behaviours, harm perception, and social support as determinants of smoking cessation attempts and successes among Nunavimmiut. METHODS Past year smoking frequency, quantity smoked, and cessation attempts and aids were documented in a sample of 1326 Nunavimmiut aged 16 and over in the Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 survey. Sociodemographic indicators, social support, cessation aids, and smoking harm perception were investigated as potential determinants. All factors were modeled by logistic regressions and adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS Thirty-nine percent of smokers tried to quit smoking in the preceding year, and 6% of those were successful. Older Nunavimmiut (aOR = 0.84 [0.78, 0.90]) and those smoking 20 + cigarettes/day (aOR = 0.94 [0.90, 0.98]) were less likely to attempt to quit. Ungava coast residents (aOR = 1.87 [1.36, 2.57]), separated/widowed/divorced individuals (aOR = 2.43 [1.09, 5.38]), and occasional smokers (aOR = 2.77 [1.61, 4.76]) compared to those living on the Hudson coast, single individuals, and daily smokers, respectively, were more likely to report cessation attempts. Most used no particular cessation aid (58%), 28% relied on family/self-help/support programs, and 26% used medication. Women were more likely to rely on spirituality/traditional methods (aOR = 1.92 [1.00, 3.71]) and less likely to rely on electronic cigarettes (aOR = 0.33 [0.13, 0.84]), as were older participants (aOR = 0.67 [0.49, 0.94]). Those with more years of schooling were more likely to rely on electronic cigarettes (aOR = 1.47 [1.06, 2.02]). These estimates are prone to biases due to the relatively low participation rate in the survey (37%). CONCLUSION Despite many attempts reported by participants, regional partners of this study underlined that successful smoking cessation remains a challenge for many Nunavimmiut. Key differences were identified in approaches and determinants of smoking cessation attempts, but most smokers did not use cessation aids. These results are in line with the experience of the Inuit partners of this study and can inform targeted public health interventions to support the many Nunavimmiut trying to quit smoking, notably increasing accessibility and acceptability of cessation aids. Inuit partners of this study highlighted the importance for interventions and communication efforts to reflect Nunavik's context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Courtemanche
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalia Poliakova
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Gina Muckle
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard E Bélanger
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
- Département de Pédiatrie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
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Rivera-Santiago T, Ramos-Cartagena JM, Amaya-Ardila C, Muñoz C, Guiot HM, Colón-López V, Matos M, Tirado-Gómez M, Patricia Ortiz A. Association of tobacco use and the presence of anal warts in people who attend the anal Neoplasia clinic in Puerto Rico. Prev Med Rep 2024; 37:102546. [PMID: 38186663 PMCID: PMC10767185 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Limited research exists regarding the association between smoking and anal warts. In this study, we evaluated this association among a clinic-based Hispanic population in Puerto Rico. Methods Cross-sectional study among eligible patients seen at the Anal Neoplasia Clinic of the University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center (2016-2023) (n = 920). Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected from medical records. Patients underwent a high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) during the clinical visit; physicians assessed anal condylomas on HRA. Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to evaluate the association between smoking and anal warts. Demographic and clinical factors were also assessed. Results The mean age of participants was 45.8 ± 13.1 years, 66.4 % were men, and 21.6 % were current smokers. While 10.8 % self-reported a history of anogenital condylomas, 18.9 % had anal condylomas on clinical evaluation. A higher prevalence of anal condylomas was observed among current smokers (PR = 1.28, 95 % CI: 0.94-1.75) in comparison to non-smokers in adjusted analysis, but this was not statistically significant. However, a higher prevalence of anal condylomas was observed among younger individuals (PR = 0.96, 95 % CI: 0.96-0.98) and individuals with anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) as compared to those with benign histology (PR = 1.74. 95 % CI: 1.09-2.77). Conclusions Although current smoking seemed to be positively associated with anal condylomas in this high-risk Hispanic population, this finding was not statistically significant as the power to detect an association was limited. However, younger age and HSIL diagnosis were associated with a higher prevalence of anal condylomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanialy Rivera-Santiago
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus PO Box 365067, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, U.S
| | - Jeslie M. Ramos-Cartagena
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus/MD Anderson Cancer Center Partnership for Excellence in Cancer Research Program, PO Box 363067 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, U.S
| | | | - Cristina Muñoz
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, PO Box 363027 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, U.S
| | - Humberto M. Guiot
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, PO Box 363027 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, U.S
- Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, U.S
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico, U.S
| | - Vivian Colón-López
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, PO Box 363027 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, U.S
| | - Miriam Matos
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, U.S
| | - Maribel Tirado-Gómez
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, PO Box 363027 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, U.S
| | - Ana Patricia Ortiz
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus PO Box 365067, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, U.S
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, PO Box 363027 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, U.S
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Chan YH, Chang HM, Lu ML, Goh KK. Targeting cravings in substance addiction with transcranial direct current stimulation: insights from a meta-analysis of sham-controlled trials. Psychiatry Res 2024; 331:115621. [PMID: 38043411 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Addiction is a substantial health concern; craving-the core symptom of addiction-is strongly associated with relapse. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that reduces cravings by altering cortical excitability and connectivity in brain regions. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted (following the PRISMA guidelines) to evaluate the efficacy of tDCS in reducing cravings for substances. Our analysis included 43 randomized, sham-controlled trials involving 1,095 and 913 participants receiving tDCS and sham stimulation, respectively. We analyzed the changes in craving scores and found that tDCS led to a moderate reduction in cravings compared with the sham effects. This effect was particularly pronounced when bilateral stimulation was used, the anodal electrode was placed on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, current intensities ranged from 1.5 to 2 mA, stimulation sessions lasted 20 minutes, and the electrodes size was ≥35 cm². Notably, tDCS effectively reduced cravings for opioids, methamphetamine, cocaine, and tobacco but not for alcohol or cannabis. Our findings indicate tDCS as a promising, noninvasive, and low-risk intervention for reducing cravings for opioids, methamphetamine, cocaine, and tobacco. Additional studies are warranted to refine stimulation parameters and evaluate the long-term efficacy of tDCS in managing substance cravings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsun Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hu-Ming Chang
- Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kah Kheng Goh
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; The Innovative and Translational Research Center for Brain Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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McDuff DR, Garvin M, Joy Chang, Thompson D. Substance Misuse in Elite Athletes: Early Detection, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment. Clin Sports Med 2024; 43:127-144. [PMID: 37949506 DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Sports medicine physicians and athletic trainers regularly encounter athletes who misuse substances that put them at risk for adverse health, social, interpersonal, academic, psychological, and performance effects. The three most encountered substances are alcohol (binge drinking), cannabis (marijuana), and tobacco/nicotine vaping. Early detection using self-report screening instruments, adverse consequences questionnaires, and urine testing are reviewed. Brief interventions that involve personalized feedback, goal setting, support system involvement, psychoeducation, contingency management, and/or motivational interviewing are highlighted. Lack of response to brief intervention or progression to a substance use disorder should prompt the consideration of referral to a substance specialty level of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R McDuff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street - 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Baltimore Orioles, Major League Baseball, 333 West Camden Street, Oriole Park at Camden Yards, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Maryland Centers for Psychiatry, 3290 North Ridge Road, Suite 320, Ellicott City, MD 21043, USA.
| | - Michelle Garvin
- Detroit Lions, National Football League, 222 Republic Drive, Allen Park, MI 48101, USA; Elite Performance Psychology, LLC, 205 Warrenton Drive, Silver Spring, MD 20904, USA
| | - Joy Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street - 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland, College Park, 8500 Paint Branch Drive, XFINITY Center, Room 2707, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Donald Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street - 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Baltimore Orioles, Major League Baseball, 333 West Camden Street, Oriole Park at Camden Yards, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Pym A, Troczka BJ, Hayward A, Zeng B, Gao CF, Elias J, Slater R, Zimmer CT, Bass C. The role of the Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum cytochrome-P450 clade CYP6DPx in resistance to nicotine and neonicotinoids. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2024; 198:105743. [PMID: 38225086 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The alkaloid, nicotine, produced by tobacco and other Solanaceae as an anti-herbivore defence chemical is one of the most toxic natural insecticides in nature. However, some insects, such as the whitefly species, Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bemisia tabaci show strong tolerance to this allelochemical and can utilise tobacco as a host. Here, we used biological, molecular and functional approaches to investigate the role of cytochrome P450 enzymes in nicotine tolerance in T. vaporariorum and B. tabaci. Insecticide bioassays revealed that feeding on tobacco resulted in strong induced tolerance to nicotine in both species. Transcriptome profiling of both species reared on tobacco and bean hosts revealed profound differences in the transcriptional response these host plants. Interrogation of the expression of P450 genes in the host-adapted lines revealed that P450 genes belonging to the CYP6DP subfamily are strongly upregulated in lines reared on tobacco. Functional characterisation of these P450s revealed that CYP6DP1 and CYP6DP2 of T. vaporariorum and CYP6DP3 of B. tabaci confer resistance to nicotine in vivo. These three genes, in addition to the B. tabaci P450 CYP6DP5, were also found to confer resistance to the neonicotinoid imidacloprid. Our data provide new insight into the molecular basis of nicotine resistance in insects and illustrates how divergence in the evolution of P450 genes in this subfamily in whiteflies may have impacted the extent to which different species can tolerate a potent natural insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pym
- College for Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, TR10 9FE Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
| | - Bartlomiej J Troczka
- College for Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, TR10 9FE Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Angela Hayward
- College for Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, TR10 9FE Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Bin Zeng
- College for Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, TR10 9FE Penryn, Cornwall, UK; College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong-Fen Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jan Elias
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Rosentalstrasse 67, Basel CH4002, Switzerland
| | - Russell Slater
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Rosentalstrasse 67, Basel CH4002, Switzerland
| | - Christoph T Zimmer
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Werk Stein, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein CH4332, Switzerland
| | - Chris Bass
- College for Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, TR10 9FE Penryn, Cornwall, UK
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Song Q, Zhu XG. Measuring Canopy Gas Exchange Using CAnopy Photosynthesis and Transpiration Systems (CAPTS). Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2790:213-226. [PMID: 38649573 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3790-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Canopy photosynthesis (Ac), rather than leaf photosynthesis, is critical to gaining higher biomass production in the field because the daily or seasonal integrals of Ac correlate with the daily or seasonal integrals of biomass production. The canopy photosynthesis and transpiration measurement system (CAPTS) was developed to enable measurement of canopy photosynthetic CO2 uptake, transpiration, and respiration rates. CAPTS continuously records the CO2 concentration, water vapor concentration, air temperature, air pressure, air relative humidity, and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) inside the chamber, which can be used to derive CO2 and H2O fluxes of a canopy covered by the chamber. This system can also be used to measure the fluxes of greenhouse gases when integrating with CH4 and N2O analyzers. Here, we describe the protocol for using CAPTS to perform experiments on rice (Oryza sativa L.) in paddy field, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in upland field, and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in pots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Tian H, Tang B, Fan W, Pan Z, Peng J, Wang Y, Liu F, Liu G. The role of strigolactone analog (GR24) in endogenous hormone metabolism and hormone-related gene expression in tobacco axillary buds. Plant Cell Rep 2023; 43:21. [PMID: 38150090 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Strigolactone has the potential to influence hormone metabolism, in addition to having a role in inhibiting axillary bud elongation, which could be regulated by the expression of phytohormones-related genes. The elongation of axillary buds affects the economic benefits of tobacco. In this study, it was investigated the effect of strigolactone (SL) on the elongation of tobacco axillary buds and its endogenous hormone metabolism and related gene expression by applying the artificial analog of SL, GR24, and an inhibitor of SL synthesis, TIS-108, to the axillary buds. The results showed that the elongation of axillary buds was significantly inhibited by GR24 on day 2 and day 9. Ultra-high-performance liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry results further showed that SL significantly affected the metabolism of endogenous plant hormones, altering both their levels and the ratios between each endogenous hormone. Particularly, the levels of auxin (IAA), trans-zeatin-riboside (tZR), N6-(∆2-isopentenyl) adenine (iP), gibberellin A4 (GA4), jasmonic acid (JA), and jasmonoyl isoleucine (JA-Ile) were decreased after GR24 treatment on day 9, but the levels of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and gibberellin A1 (GA1) were significantly increased. Further analysis of endogenous hormonal balance revealed that after the treatment with GR24 on day 9, the ratio of IAA to cytokinin (CTK) was markedly increased, but the ratios of IAA to abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), ACC, JAs, and, GAs were notably decreased. In addition, according to RNA-seq analysis, multiple differentially expressed genes were found, such as GH3.1, AUX/IAA, SUAR20, IPT, CKX1, GA2ox1, ACO3, ERF1, PR1, and HCT, which may play critical roles in the biosynthesis, deactivation, signaling pathway of phytohormones, and the biosynthesis of flavonoids to regulate the elongation of axillary buds in tobacco. This work lays the certain theoretical foundation for the application of SL in regulating the elongation of axillary buds of tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Tian
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Boxi Tang
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuwei Fan
- Yimen County Branch of Yuxi Tobacco Company, Yimen, 651100, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyan Pan
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantao Peng
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxiu Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Liu
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqin Liu
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
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Saeedi E, Abdi S, Dardashti AR, Fattahi P, Taheri N, Lotfi F, Nemati S, Vand Rajabpour M. A comparative study of tobacco control scale score in the Eastern Mediterranean Region countries. East Mediterr Health J 2023; 29:966-979. [PMID: 38279865 DOI: 10.26719/emhj.23.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Background The tobacco control scale (TCS) score is used widely in European countries to evaluate the adoption of anti-tobacco policies by countries, however, data on the adoption of tobacco control programmes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are limited to a 2009 survey. Aim To compare the TCS score for measuring national tobacco control programmes in the EMR countries in 2009 and 2021. Methods This cross-sectional survey compared data from 21 EMR countries on 6 major indicators, including the price of cigarettes, tobacco smoke-free public places, national budget for tobacco control activities, ban on tobacco advertising, health warning labels on tobacco packets, and support for treatment of tobacco dependence. The TCS scores at the country level in 2009 were extracted from a previous study. We then calculated the TCS score in 2021 for the same countries using the WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021 and the World Bank data for 2020. Results The average TCS score (standard deviation) for EMR countries increased from 29.7 (16.8) in 2009 to 40.7 (17.3) in 2021. The highest TCS score (83.0) was reported in Islamic Republic of Iran, followed by Yemen (72.8) and Lebanon (62.0). Five countries (Djibouti, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Bahrain, and Oman) scored less than 30. Health warning labels, smoke-free public places, and tobacco control budgets as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product per capita had all increased, but tobacco prices and cessation treatments did not improve over the past decade. Conclusion Tobacco control policies have been implemented and improved in most EMR countries, but there is room for further improvement. Tobacco pricing and taxation, national tobacco control program budgets, and cessation treatments require more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Saeedi
- Oxford Clinical Trial Research Unit, Center for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sepideh Abdi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amir Reza Dardashti
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Pedram Fattahi
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Student Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Negar Taheri
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fereshte Lotfi
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Saeed Nemati
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mojtaba Vand Rajabpour
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Yang YS, Jung KJ, Kimm H, Lee S, Jee SH. Smoking-attributable mortality among Korean adults in 2019. Epidemiol Health 2023; 46:e2024011. [PMID: 38186246 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2024011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tobacco use ranks among the leading preventable causes of death worldwide. This study was conducted to calculate the mortality rate attributable to smoking in Korea for 2019 and to highlight the importance of tracking and monitoring smoking-related deaths for public health purposes. METHODS Population attributable risk (PAR) was used to estimate the number of deaths related to smoking in 2019. PAR percentages were applied to the estimated mortality figures for various diseases, with PAR determined based on relative risk (RR). Levin's formula was used to calculate PAR, and RR was adjusted for age and alcohol consumption using Cox proportional hazards regression model to derive disease-specific regression coefficients. The analysis incorporated previously determined smoking rates from 1985, and use rates of novel tobacco products were not considered. RESULTS The findings revealed a total of 67,982 smoking-attributable deaths in Korea in 2019, 56,993 of which occurred in men and 11,049 in women. The PAR of smoking for various causes of death in adult men was highest for lung cancer at 74.9%, followed by pneumonia (29.4%), ischemic heart disease (42.3%), and stroke (30.2%). For women, the PAR for smoking-related death was highest for lung cancer (19.9%), followed by stroke (7.6%), pneumonia (5.7%), and ischemic heart disease (9.1%). CONCLUSIONS In countries experiencing rapid fluctuations in smoking rates, including Korea, regular studies on smoking-related mortality is imperative. Furthermore, it is necessary to investigate smoking-related deaths, including the prevalence of novel tobacco product use, to accurately gauge the risks associated with emerging tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeun Soo Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keum Ji Jung
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heejin Kimm
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunmi Lee
- Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Mauries S, Bertrand L, Frija-Masson J, Benzaquen H, Kalamarides S, Sauvage K, Lejoyeux M, d’Ortho MP, Geoffroy PA. Effects of smoking on sleep architecture and ventilatory parameters including apneas: Results of the Tab-OSA study. Sleep Med X 2023; 6:100085. [PMID: 37736106 PMCID: PMC10509708 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2023.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The interaction between smoking and sleep seems appears to be bidirectional, but few studies evaluated the impact of smoking and its cessation on objective sleep parameters. In this context, this new study aimed to assess the impact of smoking and its cessation on sleep architecture and on ventilatory sleep parameters, particularly the presence of sleep apnea syndrome (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)≥15). Methods: Patients hospitalized for polysomnographic sleep exploration were compared according to their smoking status: active smokers (AS), former smokers (FS), non-smokers (NoNi). Psychiatric and non-psychiatric co-morbidities and treatment or substance use were taken into account in the analyses. Results A total of 170 participants were included (N = 37 FS, 39 AS, 86 NoNi). A significant decrease in the mean nocturnal O2 saturation was observed for FS and AS compared to NoNi. No differences were found regarding AHI. Regarding sleep architecture, we observed a significant decrease in the slow wave sleep duration for AS compared to NoNi, and interestingly not between FS and NoNi. Conclusion This study suggests that current smokers suffer from alterations in both sleep architecture and ventilatory parameters, the later appears to persist even after smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Mauries
- Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Léa Bertrand
- Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Justine Frija-Masson
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, U1141, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
- Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre du Sommeil- Département de Physiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU Paris Nord, DMU DREAM, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Benzaquen
- Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre du Sommeil- Département de Physiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU Paris Nord, DMU DREAM, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Kalamarides
- Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Beaujon, 100 boulevard Général Leclerc, 92110, Clichy, France
| | - Karine Sauvage
- Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Michel Lejoyeux
- Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
- GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Pia d’Ortho
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, U1141, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
- Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre du Sommeil- Département de Physiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU Paris Nord, DMU DREAM, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Pierre A. Geoffroy
- Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
- GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, U1141, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Beaujon, 100 boulevard Général Leclerc, 92110, Clichy, France
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Li Z, Zhou H, Xu G, Zhang P, Zhai N, Zheng Q, Liu P, Jin L, Bai G, Zhang H. Genome-wide analysis of long noncoding RNAs in response to salt stress in Nicotiana tabacum. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:646. [PMID: 38097981 PMCID: PMC10722832 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04659-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in the response of plants to various abiotic stresses, including drought, heat and salt stress. However, the identification and characterization of genome-wide salt-responsive lncRNAs in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) have been limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify tobacco lncRNAs in roots and leaves in response to different durations of salt stress treatment. RESULTS A total of 5,831 lncRNAs were discovered, with 2,428 classified as differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in response to salt stress. Among these, only 214 DElncRNAs were shared between the 2,147 DElncRNAs in roots and the 495 DElncRNAs in leaves. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these DElncRNAs were primarily associated with pathways involved in starch and sucrose metabolism in roots and cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway in leaves. Furthermore, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 15 co-expression modules, with four modules strongly linked to salt stress across different treatment durations (MEsalmon, MElightgreen, MEgreenyellow and MEdarkred). Additionally, an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed, incorporating several known salt-associated miRNAs such as miR156, miR169 and miR396. CONCLUSIONS This study enhances our understanding of the role of lncRNAs in the response of tobacco to salt stress. It provides valuable information on co-expression networks of lncRNA and mRNAs, as well as networks of lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs. These findings identify important candidate lncRNAs that warrant further investigation in the study of plant-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Li
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China
| | - Huina Zhou
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China
| | - Guoyun Xu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
| | - Niu Zhai
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China
| | - Qingxia Zheng
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China
| | - Lifeng Jin
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China
| | - Ge Bai
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 45000, China.
- Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China.
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Tavassoli A, Modares Gharejedaghi S, Abedi M, Jamali SM, Ale Ebrahim N. Secondhand Smoking and the Fetus: A Bibliometric Analysis. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2023; 37:135. [PMID: 38318410 PMCID: PMC10843368 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bibliometric analysis may indicate the most active specialist, authors, and journals in a given research field. To the authors' knowledge, there is no bibliometric analysis to provide a macroscopic overview in the field of secondhand smoke that harms non-smoker. Methods Using the bibliometric method, 644 articles that were present in the Scopus database between 1973-2020 on the subject were considered. The data were analyzed by two visualization and science-mapping software called Bibliometrix and VoS Viewer. Also, reference publication year stereoscopy and Co-Citation historiography were used. In the qualitative analysis, 52 articles were selected that had the most citation and were analyzed. Results In this paper, the findings show that the documents were published in 364 sources with an average citation per document of 25.14 and more than 3 authors or nearly 4 authors per document. The peak reference publication year stereoscopy happened in the year 199 with 974 references. The countries with the highest number of MCP were the USA, China, and Spain. The "International Journal of Environmental Research" and "Public Health", has raised their publications in the field of secondhand smoke and pregnancy rapidly since 2003. Among the titles, "passive smoking" was the most used. Conclusion The study highlights the importance of understanding the harmful effects of secondhand smoke on the developing fetus. The findings also shed light on key research trends, influential authors, and active research areas, which can guide future studies and support evidence-based decision-making in the field of maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Tavassoli
- Department of Women and Family Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Modares Gharejedaghi
- Department Business Administration, Faculty of Business and Economics, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus
| | - Maliheh Abedi
- Department of Sociology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
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Zhang H, Ikram M, Li R, Xia Y, Zhao W, Yuan Q, Siddique KHM, Guo P. Uncovering the transcriptional responses of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) roots to Ralstonia solanacearum infection: a comparative study of resistant and susceptible cultivars. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:620. [PMID: 38057713 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04633-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is the most serious soil-borne disease of tobacco that significantly reduces crop yield. However, the limited availability of resistance in tobacco hinders breeding efforts for this disease. RESULTS In this study, we conducted hydroponic experiments for the root expression profiles of D101 (resistant) and Honghuadajinyuan (susceptible) cultivars in response to BW infection at 0 h, 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7d to explore the defense mechanisms of BW resistance in tobacco. As a result, 20,711 and 16,663 (total: 23,568) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the resistant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. In brief, at 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d, the resistant cultivar showed upregulation of 1553, 1124, 2583, and 7512 genes, while the susceptible cultivar showed downregulation of 1213, 1295, 813, and 7735 genes. Similarly, across these time points, the resistant cultivar had downregulation of 1034, 749, 1686, and 11,086 genes, whereas the susceptible cultivar had upregulation of 1953, 1790, 2334, and 6380 genes. The resistant cultivar had more up-regulated genes at 3 d and 7 d than the susceptible cultivar, indicating that the resistant cultivar has a more robust defense response against the pathogen. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these genes are involved in responses to oxidative stress, plant-pathogen interactions, cell walls, glutathione and phenylalanine metabolism, and plant hormone signal transduction. Among the DEGs, 239 potential candidate genes were detected, including 49 phenylpropane/flavonoids pathway-associated, 45 glutathione metabolic pathway-associated, 47 WRKY, 48 ERFs, eight ARFs, 26 pathogenesis-related genes (PRs), and 14 short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase genes. In addition, two highly expressed novel genes (MSTRG.61386-R1B-17 and MSTRG.61568) encoding nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins were identified in both cultivars at 7 d. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed significant enrichment of DEGs in GO and KEGG terms linked to glutathione, flavonoids, and phenylpropane pathways, indicating the potential role of glutathione and flavonoids in early BW resistance in tobacco roots. These findings offer fundamental insight for further exploration of the genetic architecture and molecular mechanisms of BW resistance in tobacco and solanaceous plants at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanshi Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weicai Zhao
- Guangdong Research Institute of Tobacco Science, Shaoguan, 512029, China
| | - Qinghua Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Peiguo Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Rashidi M, Karaman F, Yildirim G, Genç A, Çakmak S, Durusoy E, Saygin Şahin B, Elkin N. Healthy life skills and related factors among university students: a cross-sectional study in Istanbul, Turkey. J Health Popul Nutr 2023; 42:137. [PMID: 38053175 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of global deaths. University students with unhealthy lifestyle constitute a high-risk group for NCDs. Evaluating and developing healthy behaviors during this period is very important for future health outcomes. This study was conducted to determine healthy life skills in university students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university, and data were collected between January and March 2023 in Istanbul. Data were collected using the healthy living skills scale in University Students and the Personal Information Form. Normal distribution conditions of the data were checked with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. According to data distribution, data with normal distribution were analyzed using parametric statistics including t-test, ANOVA and Chi-square tests and data with non-normal distribution were analyzed using non-parametric tests including Mann-Whitney U-test and Fisher's exact test. Logistic regression test was used to determine predictor variables. RESULTS The average score for healthy life skills was 63.5 out of 84. Significant differences were found in the scores based on marital status, economic income, social security insurance coverage, and educational grade (p = 0.03, p = 0.001, p = 0.004, p = 0.04, respectively). Students who reported alcohol and smoking consumption had lower scores (60.8 ± 12) out of 84. CONCLUSION The study revealed that university students in Istanbul possess a satisfactory level of healthy life skills. By providing social support, such as expanding the coverage of social security insurance and establishing conducive educational environments, while also paying attention to the influence of peers on students, we can contribute to the development of healthy life skills in university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahruk Rashidi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Funda Karaman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Yildirim
- Keşan Hakkı Yörük School of Health, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Aslı Genç
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sultan Çakmak
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ebru Durusoy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buse Saygin Şahin
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurten Elkin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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138
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Cheney MK, Song H, Bhochhibhoya S, Lu Y. Chronic disease as a risk factor for cigarette and e-cigarette use from young adulthood to adulthood. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102473. [PMID: 37881176 PMCID: PMC10594544 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic disease prevalence in young adults is increasing with 15-20 % reporting 1 or more chronic diseases. This study examined cross-sectional and prospective relationships between chronic disease and e-cigarette/cigarette use from young adulthood to adulthood utilizing the U.S.- based National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Add Health Study wave 3 (2001-2002; ages 18-26), wave 4 (2008; ages 24-34), and wave 5 (2016-2018; ages 33-44) were used. Past 30-day cigarette use at waves 3-5 and past 30-day e-cigarette use at wave 5 were assessed. Two measures of chronic disease were used: asthma (yes/no) and non-asthmatic chronic disease (yes/no) composed of 7 additional chronic diseases (diabetes, migraine, heart problem, hepatitis B/C, high blood pressure, epilepsy, and cancer). Weighted multilevel logistic regression (controlling for age, race/ethnicity, gender, and education) was used to assess cross-sectional associations at wave 3, and then prospective associations of wave 3 chronic disease (asthma and non-asthmatic) with waves 4 and 5 cigarette and wave 5 e-cigarette use. Logistic regressions showed no significant cross-sectional or prospective relationships between asthma and cigarette and e-cigarette use. However, wave 3 non-asthmatic chronic disease was significantly associated with wave 4 cigarette use (aOR 1.38, p <.001, 95 % CI: 1.15, 1.65) and with wave 5 cigarette use (aOR 1.49, p <.001, 95 % CI: 1.21, 1.84) but not e-cigarette use. The association between chronic disease in young adulthood and tobacco use in adulthood differed by type of chronic disease and tobacco product, indicating the need for targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall K Cheney
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, 1401 Asp Avenue, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Hairong Song
- Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK USA
| | - Shristi Bhochhibhoya
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK USA
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK USA
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Micalizzi L, Mattingly DT, Hart JL, Jensen JK, Mahabee-Gittens EM, Garrison KA. Smartphone Apps Targeting Youth Tobacco Use Prevention and Cessation: An Assessment of Credibility and Quality. Curr Addict Rep 2023; 10:649-663. [PMID: 38680515 PMCID: PMC11052596 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-023-00524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The goals of this study were to identify smartphone apps targeting youth tobacco use prevention and/or cessation discussed in the academic literature and/or available in the Apple App Store and to review and rate the credibility of the apps. We took a multiphase approach in a non-systematic review that involved conducting parallel literature and App Store searches, screening the returned literature and apps for inclusion, characterizing the studies and apps, and evaluating app quality using a standardized rating scale. Recent Findings The negative consequences of youth tobacco use initiation are profound and far-reaching. Half of the youth who use nicotine want to quit, but quit rates are low. The integration of smartphone apps shows promise in complementing and enhancing evidence-based youth tobacco prevention and treatment methods. Summary Consistent with prior reviews, we identified a disconnect between apps that are readily accessible and those that have an evidence base, and many popular apps received low quality scores. Findings suggest a need for better integration between evidence-based and popular, available apps targeting youth tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Micalizzi
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Delvon T. Mattingly
- Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Health Equity Transformation, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Joy L. Hart
- Department of Communication and Christina Lee Brown Environme Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Jessica King Jensen
- Rutgers Institute for Nicotine & Tobacco Studies, Rutgers Health, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Johnson Medical School,, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Hair EC, Do EK, Liu SM, Tulsiani S, Vallone DM, Pierce JP. Patterns of Daily Cigarette and E-cigarette Use among United States Youth and Young Adults: Insights from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort between 2018 and 2019. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102416. [PMID: 37753384 PMCID: PMC10518703 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Temporal patterns of daily tobacco product use among ever users from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort (TLC) between 2018 and 2019 were explored. Methods The sample (N = 5274) includes individuals (15-36 years), residing in the United States, who had ever used any tobacco product at Wave 7 (February - May 2018) and provided tobacco use information at Wave 9 (September - December 2019). Results There was a nonsignificant 1.1 percentage point increase in daily tobacco use (on at least 25 of the past 30 days), from 14.6% (95% CI: 12.8, 16.6) to 15.7% (95% CI: 13.8, 17.7). Tobacco product use remained stable over time, as 65.3% (95% CI: 56.4, 73.3) of daily cigarette smokers, 57.0% (95% CI: 43.6, 69.4) of daily e-cigarette vapers, and 8.5% (95% CI: 2.0, 29.3) of daily dual users stayed with their primary tobacco product. There was also some evidence of switching, as 7.5% (95% CI: 3.7, 14.8) of daily cigarette smokers became daily e-cigarette vapers and 2.3% (95% CI: 0.7, 6.8) of daily e-cigarette vapers became daily cigarette smokers. Discussion Although most daily tobacco users were likely to continue using their primary product, some daily users transitioned to daily use of other products - suggesting that policies and public education focused on reducing overall nicotine use are essential for addressing the nicotine epidemic among young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Hair
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth K. Do
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Donna M. Vallone
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John P. Pierce
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego Cancer, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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141
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Redmond BY, Salwa A, Bricker JB, Buckner JD, Garey L, Zvolensky MJ. Personalized feedback intervention for individuals with low distress tolerance who smoke cigarettes: A randomized controlled trial of a digital intervention. J Subst Use Addict Treat 2023; 155:209163. [PMID: 37717664 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking remains the leading preventable cause of death and disability in the United States and frequently co-occurs with anxiety and depressive symptoms. A novel and integrative, theory-driven approach to address the heterogeneity of mood-related symptoms associated with cigarette use is to focus on transdiagnostic processes, such as distress tolerance, that underpin both mood-related symptoms and smoking behavior. The current study sought to develop and examine the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a digitally delivered integrated personalized feedback intervention (PFI) that addresses smoking-distress tolerance relations. METHODS Participants included 121 adults (71.1 % male; Mage = 29.33 years, SD = 7.52) who smoked cigarettes daily and reported low distress tolerance. The study randomized participants to the Active PFI (feedback on distress tolerance and smoking) or the Control PFI (feedback on smoking only). RESULTS Results indicated feasibility and acceptability demonstrated by the ability to retain participants through the 1-month follow-up (98.2 % retention rate) and positive feedback from participants, including satisfaction regarding the Active PFI. The Active PFI (vs. Control PFI) was also a statistically significant predictor of change in motivation and intention to quit smoking and willingness to use adaptive coping strategies from baseline to 1-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS For individuals with low distress tolerance who smoke cigarettes, this study's findings suggest that the current intervention may be a first-step to aid in increasing motivation/intention to quit smoking and willingness to use adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Y Redmond
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Aniqua Salwa
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan B Bricker
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, USA; University of Washington, Department of Psychology, USA
| | - Julia D Buckner
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Qiu J, Wen H, Bai J, Yu C. The mortality of oral cancer attributable to tobacco in China, the US, and India. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16741-16752. [PMID: 37728701 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Assessing the mortality rates associated with tobacco-related oral cancer (OC) is crucial for effective allocation of resources within healthcare and economic systems. METHODS In this study, data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 were utilized to analyze the burden of tobacco-attributable OC in China, the United States (US), and India from 1990 to 2019. Descriptive statistics and an age-period-cohort model were employed to examine and compare the effects on OC mortality. RESULTS 1. Attributable to tobacco, the deaths remained stable in the US, but increased in China and India. The trend of age-standardized mortality rate of OC increased in China, and decreased in the US and India, whereas the rate in India was the highest. 2. According to the APC model, the risk of death increased with age in all three countries. The period and later birth cohort effects were identified as risk factors in China and India, while in the US, the previous cohorts were identified as a risk factor. Except for India, males faced higher death risk than females in China and the US. CONCLUSIONS The burden of OC attributable to tobacco remains substantial in China and India. Public health officials in these countries should implement prevention and treatment strategies for OC, and interventions aimed at regulating the tobacco industry. The elderly is at an elevated risk for OC, and medical resources and policies should be directed toward this population. The successes experience in tobacco control and OC prevention in the US may serve as a model for other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefan Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Haoyu Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jianjun Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 185# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Collins BN, Lepore SJ, Egleston BL. Eliminating children's tobacco smoke exposure: a pathway to bioverified abstinence among low-income maternal smokers in the Babies Living Safe and Smokefree (BLiSS) trial. J Behav Med 2023; 46:1042-1048. [PMID: 37285107 PMCID: PMC10591859 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying behavioral pathways to smoking cessation in high-risk populations, such as low-income maternal smokers, could reduce tobacco disparities. The previous "BLiSS" multilevel intervention trial demonstrated efficacy of the BLiSS intervention in facilitating low-income maternal smokers' bioverified abstinence. This present study examined four putative pathways measured at 3-month end of treatment (Time 2) that could account for the observed intervention effect on smoking abstinence through 12 months (Time 2 - Time 3). METHODS Nutritionists in community clinics delivering safety net nutrition promotion programs across Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, were trained by trial principal investigators to deliver a brief tobacco intervention informed by the American Academy of Pediatrics best practice guidelines ("Ask, Advise, Refer [AAR]"). After referral, 396 eligible participants were randomized to either a multimodal behavioral intervention (AAR + MBI) or a parallel attention control (AAR + control). Random effects regression analysis tested mediation. RESULTS Elimination of children's tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) at Time 2 was the only significant mediator of longitudinal smoking abstinence through Time 3. AAR + MBI mothers were more likely to eliminate their children's TSE by Time 2 (OR = 2.11, 95%CI 1.30, 3.42), which was significantly associated with Time 3 abstinence (OR = 6.72, CI 2.28, 19.80). Modeling showed a significant total effect of AAR + MBI on abstinence (OR = 6.21, CI 1.86, 20.71), a direct effect of AAR + MBI on abstinence (OR = 4.80, CI 1.45, 15.94) and an indirect effect through TSE elimination (OR = 1.29, CI 1.06, 1.57). CONCLUSIONS Integrating smoking cessation interventions with counseling prior to the quit attempt that is designed to facilitate adoption of smokefree home policies and efforts to eliminate children's TSE could enhance the likelihood of long-term abstinence in populations of smokers with elevated challenges quitting smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley N Collins
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Ave, Ritter Annex 954, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Stephen J Lepore
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Ave, Ritter Annex 954, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian L Egleston
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Valero Alzaga E, Elosegui de Pérdigo A, Riffe T, Martín Roncero U. [Use of Roll Your Own Tobacco in the Basque Country: magnitude, socio-economic inequalities and evolution in the period 2013-2018]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2023; 97:e202312103. [PMID: 38038349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the global reduction in smoking, the consumption of roll-your-own tobacco has increased in recent years in many countries, which may be slowing down the downward trend in smoking. The aim of this paper was to analyse the evolution of the number of people who use roll-your-own tobacco and tobacco of any type between 2013 and 2018 in the Basque Country and measure whether there were socioeconomic inequalities in its consumption. METHODS We carried out an observational and cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the population living in the Basque Country aged 16 to 59 years (n2013=6929 y n2018=7961) from the Basque Health Survey (2013 and 2018) and the Basque Addictions Survey (2018). We calculated prevalences of regular tobacco smoking in general and of roll-your-own cigarettes according to different socioeconomic variables for the years 2013 and 2018, as well as prevalence ratios for the estimation of change between these years and according to the above variables through robust Poisson regression models. We stratified analyses by sex and two age groups. RESULTS Overall smoking prevalence decreased between 2013 (men=27.7% and women=24.1%) and 2018 but remained the same for those who used roll-your-own tobacco (in 2013, men=5.1% and women=3.2%; in 2018=5.4% and 3.5%, respectively). In contrast to tobacco in general, which showed a clear socio-economic gradient, roll-your-own tobacco use was more prevalent among young people (in 2018, men=6.4% and women=4.1%), a group where the pattern by socio-economic status was less evident. CONCLUSIONS Considering the persistence of roll-your-own tobacco consumption, we also should direct tobacco control towards this kind of product, and its use should be monitored and supervised, especially among young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Valero Alzaga
- Grupo de Investigación OPIK en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico. Leioa. España
- Departamento de Enfermería. Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea. Leioa. España
| | | | - Tim Riffe
- Grupo de Investigación OPIK en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico. Leioa. España
- Departamento de Sociología y Trabajo Social. Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea. Leioa. España
- Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science). Bilbao. España
| | - Unai Martín Roncero
- Grupo de Investigación OPIK en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico. Leioa. España
- Departamento de Sociología y Trabajo Social. Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea. Leioa. España
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López-Núñez C, Ruiz MJ, Domínguez-Salas S, Fernández-Artamendi S. Psychometric properties and factor structure of the brief Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives among Spanish smokers from the general population. Addict Behav 2023; 147:107833. [PMID: 37634340 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The brief version of the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (B-WISDM) is a well-established instrument to measure the multidimensional nature of nicotine dependence. However, no previous research has assessed its psychometric properties in the Spanish context. The aim of the present study was to analyze the factor structure and measurement invariance across gender of this instrument among Spanish smokers from the general population. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed 480 smokers through an online questionnaire including information on tobacco use and several nicotine dependence measures. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to assess the factorial structure of the Spanish B-WISDM, its internal consistency, measurement invariance across gender and convergent validity with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Glover-Nilsson Smoking Behavioral Questionnaire (GN-SBQ) scores. RESULTS Results indicate that the eleven correlated factors solution had a better fit when compared to the other tested models (two correlated factors and two second-order factors with eleven first-order correlated factors solution), remaining such structure invariant across gender. Internal consistency of the scale was high (α = 0.950; dimension α values ranged between 0.657 and 0.921). Overall scores and dimensions of the scale significantly and positively correlated with other nicotine dependence measures (except for Social/Environmental Goads and FTND). CONCLUSIONS This is the first version of the B-WISDM validated to assess nicotine dependence with a multidimensional perspective within the Spanish culture. Results show adequate psychometric properties regarding its factor structure and measurement invariance across gender, supporting its utility to evaluate the motives driving tobacco use among Spanish smokers from the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla López-Núñez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, School of Psychology, University of Seville, Andalusia, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel J Ruiz
- Department of Psychology and Anthropology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Extremadura, Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Sara Domínguez-Salas
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Dos Hermanas, Andalusia, Seville, Spain.
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Wang N, Donaldson CD. Youth mental health and nicotine vape use: The moderating role of rural-urban/suburban school environments. Addict Behav 2023; 147:107830. [PMID: 37607466 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand and compare the association between nicotine vape use and mental health among youth in rural and urban/suburban areas. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 146,489 high school students from the 2019-2020 California Student Tobacco Survey. Descriptive statistics were estimated with frequencies and percentages. Separate bivariate associations between each covariate/predictor variable and mental health were examined using linear regression. Multivariate linear regression models were used to examine the association between nicotine vape use and mental health for youth attending school in rural versus suburban/urban communities. RESULTS Findings showed that vaping nicotine was associated with poorer overall mental health (b = -0.307, SE = 0.019, p < 0.001), and that this association differed based on rural versus urban/suburban school environments (b = -0.135, SE = 0.046, p = 0.004). Specifically, the relationship between vaping and poor mental health was stronger for youth attending school in rural areas (b = -0.443, SE = 0.042, p < 0.001) than in urban/suburban localities (b = -0.307, SE = 0.019, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although differences in mental health were not shown based on rural versus urban/suburban school environments alone, findings showed that the relationship between nicotine vape use and mental health was stronger for youth attending high school in rural areas. Additional research is needed to understand the underlying social and environmental mechanisms that exacerbate this relationship. Future interventions might consider how to support and improve the mental health of rural nicotine vapers to better achieve health equity across different school environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Candice D Donaldson
- California Tobacco Prevention Program, California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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147
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Mishra MK, Gupta S, Shivangi, Sharma M, Sehgal S. The repertoire of mutational signatures in tobacco- and non-tobacco-induced oral cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3332-3344. [PMID: 37058208 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of tobacco products is one of the established contributors toward the development and spread of oral cancer. Additionally, recent research has indicated oral microbiome, infections with Human papilloma virus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Candida as significant contributing factors to this disease along with lifestyle habits. Deregulation of cellular pathways envisaging metabolism, transcription, translation, and epigenetics caused by these risk factors either individually or in unison is manifold, resulting in the increased risk of oral cancer. Globally, this cancer continues to exist as one of the major causes of cancer-related mortalities; the numbers in the developing South Asian countries clearly indicate yearly escalation. This review encompasses the variety of genetic modifications, including adduct formation, mutation (duplication, deletion, and translocation), and epigenetic changes evident in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In addition, it highlights the interference caused by tobacco products in Wnt signaling, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK-STAT, and other important pathways. The information provided also ensures a comprehensive and critical revisit to non-tobacco-induced OSCC. Extensive literature survey and analysis has been conducted to generate the chromosome maps specifically highlighting OSCC-related mutations with the potential to act as spectacles for the early diagnosis and targeted treatment of this disease cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Mishra
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, J&K, India
| | - Sachin Gupta
- Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, ASCOMS, Jammu, J&K, India
| | - Shivangi
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, J&K, India
| | - Manshi Sharma
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, J&K, India
| | - Shelly Sehgal
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, J&K, India.
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148
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Liu X, Zhu D, Zhao F, Gao Y, Li J, Li Y. VAMP726 and VAMP725 regulate vesicle secretion and pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Rep 2023; 42:1951-1965. [PMID: 37805949 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE VAMP726/VAMP725 and SYP131 can form a part of a SNARE complex to mediate vesicle secretion at the pollen tube apex. Secretory vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane of the pollen tube tip is a key step in pollen tube growth. Membrane fusion was mediated by SNAREs. However, little is known about the composition and function of the SNARE complex during pollen tube tip growth. In this study, we constructed a double mutant vamp725 vamp726 via CRISPR‒Cas9. Fluorescence labeling combined with microscopic observation, luciferase complementation imaging, co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down were applied in the study. We show that double mutation of the R-SNAREs VAMP726 and VAMP725 significantly inhibits pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis and slows vesicle exocytosis at the apex of the pollen tube. GFP-VAMP726 and VAMP725-GFP localize mainly to secretory vesicles and the plasma membrane at the apex of the pollen tube. In addition, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments showed that mCherry-VAMP726 colocalizes with Qa-SNARE SYP131 in the central region of the pollen tube apical plasma membrane. Furthermore, we found that VAMP726 and VAMP725 can interact with the SYP131. Based on these results, we suggest that VAMP726/VAMP725 and SYP131 can form a part of a SNARE complex to mediate vesicle secretion at the pollen tube apex, and vesicle secretion may mainly occur at the central region of the pollen tube apical plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fuli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yadan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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149
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Cabrera-Serrano A, Felici-Giovanini ME, Díaz-García RM, Ramos-Colón MV, Rodríguez-Ayuso I. Tobacco Use and Depression: A Hidden Epidemic among Smokers 18 Years and Older, Puerto Rico, 2018-2020. P R Health Sci J 2023; 42:298-303. [PMID: 38104286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to the literature, depression and tobacco use are closely linked. This study's main objectives were to provide the first population-based epidemiological profile of smokers with depression (SWD) who were 18 years and older and living in Puerto Rico (PR) from 2018 to 2020 and identify any statistically significant differences between SWD and smokers without depression (SWOD). METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out using PR Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (PRBRFSS) data (2018-2020). Univariate analysis was performed to obtain an epidemiological profile of smokers who had depression. Likewise, using bivariate analysis, SWD and SWOD were compared to identify statistically significant differences in terms of chronic conditions, risk factors, and quit attempts. RESULTS Depression prevalence among smokers 18 years and over in PR from 2018-2020 was 23.7%. Smokers with depression were more likely to be physically inactive (P < .001), overweight or obese (P < .001), have arthritis (P < .001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P < .001), asthma (P < .001), high cholesterol (P < .001), hypertension (P < .001), coronary heart disease (P < .001), diabetes (P < .001), stroke (P < .001), and heart attack (P < .001) compared with SWOD. Likewise, SWD made more quitting attempts in the past year than did SWOD (P < .001). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that SWD should be targeted in any health-based tobacco-control efforts to develop evidence-based strategies to reduce or eliminate tobacco use in this same population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cabrera-Serrano
- Health Promotion Division, Auxiliary Secretariat of Family Health, Integrated Services and Health Promotion of the Puerto Rico Department of Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Marcos E Felici-Giovanini
- Health Promotion Division, Auxiliary Secretariat of Family Health, Integrated Services and Health Promotion of the Puerto Rico Department of Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Rose M Díaz-García
- Health Promotion Division, Auxiliary Secretariat of Family Health, Integrated Services and Health Promotion of the Puerto Rico Department of Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Miriam V Ramos-Colón
- Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, Auxiliary Secretariat of Family Health, Integrated Services and Health Promotion of the Puerto Rico Department of Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Idania Rodríguez-Ayuso
- Health Promotion Division, Auxiliary Secretariat of Family Health, Integrated Services and Health Promotion of the Puerto Rico Department of Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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150
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Mathew AR, Avery EF, Cox C, Nwanah P, Kalhan R, Hitsman B, Powell LH. Development of a targeted behavioral treatment for smoking cessation among individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Behav Med 2023; 46:1010-1022. [PMID: 37148395 PMCID: PMC10804287 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking cessation for individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is medically critical, but smoking for coping motives is a common barrier. METHOD In this evaluation of three treatment components (Mindfulness, Practice Quitting, and Countering Emotional Behaviors), we conducted two studies guided by the ORBIT model. Study 1 was a single-case design experiment (N = 18); Study 2 was a pilot feasibility study (N = 30). In both studies, participants were randomized to receive one of the three treatment modules. Study 1 examined implementation targets, changes in smoking for coping motives, and changes in smoking rate. Study 2 examined overall feasibility and participant-rated acceptability, and changes in smoking rate. RESULTS Study 1: Treatment implementation targets were met by 3/5 Mindfulness participants, 2/4 Practice Quitting participants, and 0/6 Countering Emotional Behaviors participants. The Practice Quitting condition led to 100% of participants meeting the clinically significant threshold in smoking for coping motives. Incidence of quit attempts ranged from 0-50%, and smoking rate was reduced by 50% overall. Study 2: Recruitment and retention met feasibility targets, with 97% of participants completing all four treatment sessions. Participants reported high treatment satisfaction by qualitative responses and rating scales (M = 4.8/ 5.0). Incidence of quit attempts ranged from 25-58%, and smoking rate was reduced by 56% overall. CONCLUSIONS These two small-N studies provide complementary findings on internal validity and implementation of the novel intervention. While Study 1 provided initial support for plausibility of clinically significant change, Study 2 provided data on key feasibility parameters. IMPLICATIONS Smoking cessation for individuals with COPD is medically critical. We conducted an early-phase evaluation of a novel behavioral treatment focused on reducing smoking for coping motives. Results provided initial support for plausibility of clinically significant change and feasibility of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chelsea Cox
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Ravi Kalhan
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 1700 W. Van Buren St, Ste. 470, 60612, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian Hitsman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 1700 W. Van Buren St, Ste. 470, 60612, Chicago, IL, USA
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