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Magnani DM, Rogers TF, Beutler N, Ricciardi MJ, Bailey VK, Gonzalez-Nieto L, Briney B, Sok D, Le K, Strubel A, Gutman MJ, Pedreño-Lopez N, Grubaugh ND, Silveira CGT, Maxwell HS, Domingues A, Martins MA, Lee DE, Okwuazi EE, Jean S, Strobert EA, Chahroudi A, Silvestri G, Vanderford TH, Kallas EG, Desrosiers RC, Bonaldo MC, Whitehead SS, Burton DR, Watkins DI. Neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies prevent Zika virus infection in macaques. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:eaan8184. [PMID: 28978754 PMCID: PMC6155977 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan8184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Therapies to prevent maternal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and its subsequent fetal developmental complications are urgently required. We isolated three potent ZIKV-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs) from the plasmablasts of a ZIKV-infected patient-SMZAb1, SMZAb2, and SMZAb5-directed against two different domains of the virus. We engineered these nmAbs with Fc LALA mutations that abrogate Fcγ receptor binding, thus eliminating potential therapy-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement. We administered a cocktail of these three nmAbs to nonhuman primates 1 day before challenge with ZIKV and demonstrated that the nmAbs completely prevented viremia in serum after challenge. Given that numerous antibodies have exceptional safety profiles in humans, the cocktail described here could be rapidly developed to protect uninfected pregnant women and their fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo M Magnani
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Thomas F Rogers
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nathan Beutler
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael J Ricciardi
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Varian K Bailey
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lucas Gonzalez-Nieto
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Bryan Briney
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Devin Sok
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Khoa Le
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alexander Strubel
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Martin J Gutman
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Núria Pedreño-Lopez
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Nathan D Grubaugh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cassia G T Silveira
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helen S Maxwell
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Aline Domingues
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Mauricio A Martins
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - David E Lee
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Erica E Okwuazi
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Sherrie Jean
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Strobert
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Ann Chahroudi
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Thomas H Vanderford
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Esper G Kallas
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronald C Desrosiers
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Myrna C Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Stephen S Whitehead
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dennis R Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David I Watkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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202
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Vázquez-Calvo Á, Blázquez AB, Escribano-Romero E, Merino-Ramos T, Saiz JC, Martín-Acebes MA, Jiménez de Oya N. Zika virus infection confers protection against West Nile virus challenge in mice. Emerg Microbes Infect 2017; 6:e81. [PMID: 28928416 PMCID: PMC5625318 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2017.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Flaviviruses are RNA viruses that constitute a worrisome threat to global human and animal health. Zika virus (ZIKV), which was initially reported to cause a mild disease, recently spread in the Americas, infecting millions of people. During this recent epidemic, ZIKV infection has been linked to serious neurological diseases and birth defects, specifically Guillain-Barrè syndrome (GBS) and microcephaly. Because information about ZIKV immunity remains scarce, we assessed the humoral response of immunocompetent mice to infection with three viral strains of diverse geographical origin (Africa, Asia and America). No infected animals showed any sign of disease or died after infection. However, specific neutralizing antibodies were elicited in all infected mice. Considering the rapid expansion of ZIKV throughout the American continent and its co-circulation with other medically relevant flaviviruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), the induction of protective immunity between ZIKV and WNV was analyzed. Remarkably, protection after challenge with WNV was observed in mice previously infected with ZIKV, as survival rates were significantly higher than in control mice. Moreover, previous ZIKV infection enhanced the humoral immune response against WNV. These findings may be relevant in geographical areas where both ZIKV and WNV co-circulate, as well as for the future development of broad-spectrum flavivirus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Vázquez-Calvo
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ana-Belén Blázquez
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Estela Escribano-Romero
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Teresa Merino-Ramos
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Juan-Carlos Saiz
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martín-Acebes
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Nereida Jiménez de Oya
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid 28040, Spain
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203
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Han JF, Qiu Y, Yu JY, Wang HJ, Deng YQ, Li XF, Zhao H, Sun HX, Qin CF. Immunization with truncated envelope protein of Zika virus induces protective immune response in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10047. [PMID: 28855646 PMCID: PMC5577204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The global spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) as well as its unexpected link to infant microcephaly have resulted in serious public health concerns. No antiviral drugs against ZIKV is currently available, and vaccine development is of high priority to prepare for potential ZIKV pandemic. In the present study, a truncated E protein with the N-terminal 90% region reserved (E90) from a contemporary ZIKV strain was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, purified by a Ni-NTA column, and characterized by Western blotting assays. Immunization with recombinant E90 induced robust ZIKV-specific humoral response in adult BALB/c mice. Passive transfer of the antisera from E90-immunized mice conferred full protection against lethal ZIKV challenge in a neonatal mice model. Our results indicate that recombinant ZIKV E90 described here represents as a promising ZIKV subunit vaccine that deserves further clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Han
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | | | - Hong-Jiang Wang
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Deng
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | | | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
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204
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Yang M, Lai H, Sun H, Chen Q. Virus-like particles that display Zika virus envelope protein domain III induce potent neutralizing immune responses in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7679. [PMID: 28794424 PMCID: PMC5550446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Several Zika virus (ZIKV) vaccine candidates have recently been described which use inactivated whole virus, DNA or RNA that express the virus' Envelope (E) glycoprotein as the antigen. These were successful in stimulating production of virus-targeted antibodies that protected animals against ZIKV challenges, but their use potentially will predispose vaccinated individuals to infection by the related Dengue virus (DENV). We have devised a virus like particle (VLP) carrier based on the hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) that displays the ZIKV E protein domain III (zDIII), and shown that it can be produced quickly and easily purified in large quantities from Nicotiana benthamiana plants. HBcAg-zDIII VLPs are shown to be highly immunogenic, as two doses elicited potent humoral and cellular responses in mice that exceed the threshold correlated with protective immunity against multiple strains of Zika virus. Notably, HBcAg-zDIII VLPs-elicited antibodies did not enhance the infection of DENV in Fc gamma receptor-expressing cells, offsetting the concern of ZIKV vaccines inducing cross-reactive antibodies and sensitizing people to subsequent DENV infection. Thus, our zDIII-based vaccine offers improved safety and lower cost production than other current alternatives, with equivalent effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Huafang Lai
- The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Haiyan Sun
- The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Qiang Chen
- The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
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205
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McCracken MK, Gromowski GD, Friberg HL, Lin X, Abbink P, De La Barrera R, Eckles KH, Garver LS, Boyd M, Jetton D, Barouch DH, Wise MC, Lewis BS, Currier JR, Modjarrad K, Milazzo M, Liu M, Mullins AB, Putnak JR, Michael NL, Jarman RG, Thomas SJ. Impact of prior flavivirus immunity on Zika virus infection in rhesus macaques. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006487. [PMID: 28771605 PMCID: PMC5542404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated cross-reactivity of anti-dengue virus (DENV) antibodies in human sera against Zika virus (ZIKV), promoting increased ZIKV infection in vitro. However, the correlation between in vitro and in vivo findings is not well characterized. Thus, we evaluated the impact of heterotypic flavivirus immunity on ZIKV titers in biofluids of rhesus macaques. Animals previously infected (≥420 days) with DENV2, DENV4, or yellow fever virus were compared to flavivirus-naïve animals following infection with a Brazilian ZIKV strain. Sera from DENV-immune macaques demonstrated cross-reactivity with ZIKV by antibody-binding and neutralization assays prior to ZIKV infection, and promoted increased ZIKV infection in cell culture assays. Despite these findings, no significant differences between flavivirus-naïve and immune animals were observed in viral titers, neutralizing antibody levels, or immune cell kinetics following ZIKV infection. These results indicate that prior infection with heterologous flaviviruses neither conferred protection nor increased observed ZIKV titers in this non-human primate ZIKV infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K. McCracken
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gregory D. Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Heather L. Friberg
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiaoxu Lin
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter Abbink
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rafael De La Barrera
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kenneth H. Eckles
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lindsey S. Garver
- Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael Boyd
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Jetton
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Matthew C. Wise
- Veterinary Services Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bridget S. Lewis
- Veterinary Services Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R. Currier
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mark Milazzo
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michelle Liu
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anna B. Mullins
- Veterinary Services Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - J. Robert Putnak
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nelson L. Michael
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard G. Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephen J. Thomas
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
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206
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Slon Campos JL, Poggianella M, Marchese S, Mossenta M, Rana J, Arnoldi F, Bestagno M, Burrone OR. DNA-immunisation with dengue virus E protein domains I/II, but not domain III, enhances Zika, West Nile and Yellow Fever virus infection. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181734. [PMID: 28742857 PMCID: PMC5526558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), the causative agent of dengue disease, is among the most important mosquito-borne pathogens worldwide. DENV is composed of four closely related serotypes and belongs to the Flaviviridae family alongside other important arthropod-borne viral pathogens such as Zika virus (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV) and Yellow Fever virus (YFV). After infection, the antibody response is mostly directed to the viral E glycoprotein which is composed of three structural domains named DI, DII and DIII that share variable degrees of homology among different viruses. Recent evidence supports a close serological interaction between ZIKV and DENV. The possibility of worse clinical outcomes as a consequence of antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) due to cross-reactive antibodies with poor neutralisation activity is a matter of concern. We tested polyclonal sera from groups of female Balb/C mice vaccinated with DNA constructs expressing DI/DII, DIII or the whole sE from different DENV serotypes and compared their activity in terms of cross-reactivity, neutralisation of virus infection and ADE. Our results indicate that the polyclonal antibody responses against the whole sE protein are highly cross-reactive with strong ADE and poor neutralisation activities due to DI/DII immunodominance. Conversely, anti-DIII polyclonal antibodies are type-specific, with no ADE towards ZIKV, WNV and YFV, and strong neutralisation activity restricted only to DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L. Slon Campos
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Monica Poggianella
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Marchese
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Monica Mossenta
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jyoti Rana
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Arnoldi
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Bestagno
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Oscar R. Burrone
- Molecular Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- * E-mail:
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207
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Alcendor DJ. Zika Virus Infection of the Human Glomerular Cells: Implications for Viral Reservoirs and Renal Pathogenesis. J Infect Dis 2017; 216:162-171. [PMID: 28398522 PMCID: PMC5853400 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in the human renal compartment has not been reported. Several clinical reports have describe high-level persistent viral shedding in the urine of infected patients, but the associated mechanisms have not been explored until now. The current study examined cellular components of the glomerulus of the human kidney for ZIKV infectivity. Methods I infected primary human podocytes, renal glomerular endothelial cells (GECs), and mesangial cells with ZIKV. Viral infectivity was analyzed by means of microscopy, immunofluorescence, real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β, interferon β, and RANTES (regulated on activation of normal T cells expressed and secreted) were assessed using qRT-PCR. Results I show that glomerular podocytes, renal GECs, and mesangial cells are permissive for ZIKV infection. ZIKV infectivity was confirmed in all 3 cell types by means of immunofluorescence staining, RT-PCR, and qRT-PCR, and qRT-PCR analysis revealed increased transcriptional induction of interleukin 1β, interferon β, and RANTES in ZIKV-infected podocytes at 72 hours, compared with renal GECs and mesangial cells. Conclusions The findings of this study support the notion that the glomerulus may serve as an amplification reservoir for ZIKV in the renal compartment. The impact of ZIKV infection in the human renal compartment is unknown and will require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J Alcendor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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208
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Magnani DM, Silveira CGT, Rosen BC, Ricciardi MJ, Pedreño-Lopez N, Gutman MJ, Bailey VK, Maxwell HS, Domingues A, Gonzalez-Nieto L, Avelino-Silva VI, Trindade M, Nogueira J, Oliveira CS, Maestri A, Felix AC, Levi JE, Nogueira ML, Martins MA, Martinez-Navio JM, Fuchs SP, Whitehead SS, Burton DR, Desrosiers RC, Kallas EG, Watkins DI. A human inferred germline antibody binds to an immunodominant epitope and neutralizes Zika virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005655. [PMID: 28604797 PMCID: PMC5481143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The isolation of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs) against the Zika virus (ZIKV) might lead to novel preventative strategies for infections in at-risk individuals, primarily pregnant women. Here we describe the characterization of human mAbs from the plasmablasts of an acutely infected patient. One of the 18 mAbs had the unusual feature of binding to and neutralizing ZIKV despite not appearing to have been diversified by affinity maturation. This mAb neutralized ZIKV (Neut50 ~ 2 μg/ml) but did not react with any of the four dengue virus serotypes. Except for the expected junctional diversity created by the joining of the V-(D)-J genes, there was no deviation from immunoglobulin germline genes. This is a rare example of a human mAb with neutralizing activity in the absence of detectable somatic hypermutation. Importantly, binding of this mAb to ZIKV was specifically inhibited by human plasma from ZIKV-exposed individuals, suggesting that it may be of value in a diagnostic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo M. Magnani
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Cassia G. T. Silveira
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Brandon C. Rosen
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Ricciardi
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Núria Pedreño-Lopez
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Martin J. Gutman
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Varian K. Bailey
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Helen S. Maxwell
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Aline Domingues
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Lucas Gonzalez-Nieto
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | | | - Mateus Trindade
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Neurology Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alvino Maestri
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alvina Clara Felix
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias-(LIM-52), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo e Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Levi
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias-(LIM-52), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo e Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio L. Nogueira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio A. Martins
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | | | - Sebastian P. Fuchs
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Stephen S. Whitehead
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Ronald C. Desrosiers
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Esper G. Kallas
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - David I. Watkins
- Department of Pathology University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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209
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Singh MV, Weber EA, Singh VB, Stirpe NE, Maggirwar SB. Preventive and therapeutic challenges in combating Zika virus infection: are we getting any closer? J Neurovirol 2017; 23:347-357. [PMID: 28116673 PMCID: PMC5440476 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-017-0513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The neuroteratogenic nature of Zika Virus (ZIKV) infection has converted what would have been a tropical disease into a global threat. Zika is transmitted vertically via infected placental cells especially in the first and second trimesters. In the developing central nervous system (CNS), ZIKV can infect and induce apoptosis of neural progenitor cells subsequently causing microcephaly as well as other neuronal complications in infants. Its ability to infect multiple cell types (placental, dermal, and neural) and increased environmental stability as compared to other flaviviruses (FVs) has broadened the transmission routes for ZIKV infection from vector-mediated to transmitted via body fluids. To further complicate the matters, it is genetically similar (about 40%) with the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV), so much so that it can almost be called a fifth DENV serotype. This homology poses the risk of causing cross-reactive immune responses and subsequent antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection in case of secondary infections or for immunized individuals. All of these factors complicate the development of a single preventive vaccine candidate or a pharmacological intervention that will completely eliminate or cure ZIKV infection. We discuss all of these factors in detail in this review and conclude that a combinatorial approach including immunization and treatment might prove to be the winning strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera V Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Emily A Weber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Vir B Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Nicole E Stirpe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Sanjay B Maggirwar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
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210
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Borena W, Hofer T, Stiasny K, Aberle SW, Gaber M, von Laer D, Schennach H. No molecular or serological evidence of Zikavirus infection among healthy blood donors living in or travelling to regions where Aedes albopictus circulates. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178175. [PMID: 28542611 PMCID: PMC5443526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that Zika virus can infect and be transmitted by A. albopictus. The World Health organization (WHO) has raised concerns of autochthonous transmission of the virus in regions where the vector is endemic. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the occurrence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in western Austria (Tyrol) especially after a history of travel to A. albopictus endemic regions. METHODS The study participants were healthy blood donors at randomly selected donation sites in the west Austrian region Tyrol. Rest blood (plasma) samples were tested for the presence of ZIKV nucleic acid and antibodies against the virus. RESULTS Mean age of the study participants was 44.6 (SD = 12.9) and 58.8% were men. Eighty percent reported to have received vaccine against TBEV, whereas only 4.9 and 0.9% had received YFV and JEV vaccines. Three out of 1001 (0.03%) participants tested positive solely for ZIKV IgM antibody but not for other flaviviruses. Only one individual had ZIKV IgG antibody. All four donors were negative in the neutralization (confirmation) assay. No viral RNA was detected in any of the samples. CONCLUSION The null finding of our study refutes WHO's initial fear of global expansion of ZIKV infection including its occurrence in Europe. There appears to be no urgent need to introduce universal screening of donated blood for ZIKV in central Europe at least until the next warm season. Further, Euroimmun anti-Zika ELISA proved to be a highly suitable and reliable test system in populations with high prevalence of TBEV infection and/or immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wegene Borena
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tamara Hofer
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karin Stiasny
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Manfred Gaber
- Tyrolean Red Cross blood donor service, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dorothee von Laer
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Harald Schennach
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Medical University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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211
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Schwarz NG, Mertens E, Winter D, Maiga-Ascofaré O, Dekker D, Jansen S, Tappe D, Randriamampionona N, May J, Rakotozandrindrainy R, Schmidt-Chanasit J. No serological evidence for Zika virus infection and low specificity for anti-Zika virus ELISA in malaria positive individuals among pregnant women from Madagascar in 2010. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176708. [PMID: 28510593 PMCID: PMC5433683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It was previously reported that a malaria infection may interfere with the specificity of a commercial ELISA test against Zika virus (ZIKV). We analyzed 1,216 plasma samples from healthy, pregnant women collected in two sites in Madagascar in 2010 for ZIKV antibodies using a commercial ELISA and for Plasmodium infection by PCR. This screen revealed six putative ZIKV-positive samples by ELISA. These results could not be confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assays or virus neutralization tests. Four of these six samples were also positive for P. falciparum. We noted that the frequency of malaria positivity was higher in ZIKV-ELISA positive samples (50% and 100% in the two study sites) than ZIKV-negative samples (17% and 10%, respectively), suggesting that malaria may have led to false ZIKV-ELISA positives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Georg Schwarz
- Research group Infectious disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Mertens
- Research group Infectious disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg Borstel-Lübeck, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Doris Winter
- Research group Infectious disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg Borstel-Lübeck, Germany
| | - Oumou Maiga-Ascofaré
- Research group Infectious disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg Borstel-Lübeck, Germany
- Research group Medicine in the Tropics, Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Denise Dekker
- Research group Infectious disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg Borstel-Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stephanie Jansen
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Tappe
- Research group Zoonoses, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Njary Randriamampionona
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jürgen May
- Research group Infectious disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg Borstel-Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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212
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Aid M, Abbink P, Larocca RA, Boyd M, Nityanandam R, Nanayakkara O, Martinot AJ, Moseley ET, Blass E, Borducchi EN, Chandrashekar A, Brinkman AL, Molloy K, Jetton D, Tartaglia LJ, Liu J, Best K, Perelson AS, De La Barrera RA, Lewis MG, Barouch DH. Zika Virus Persistence in the Central Nervous System and Lymph Nodes of Rhesus Monkeys. Cell 2017; 169:610-620.e14. [PMID: 28457610 PMCID: PMC5426912 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with severe neuropathology in neonates as well as Guillain-Barré syndrome and other neurologic disorders in adults. Prolonged viral shedding has been reported in semen, suggesting the presence of anatomic viral reservoirs. Here we show that ZIKV can persist in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and lymph nodes (LN) of infected rhesus monkeys for weeks after virus has been cleared from peripheral blood, urine, and mucosal secretions. ZIKV-specific neutralizing antibodies correlated with rapid clearance of virus in peripheral blood but remained undetectable in CSF for the duration of the study. Viral persistence in both CSF and LN correlated with upregulation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), proinflammatory, and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways, as well as downregulation of extracellular matrix signaling pathways. These data raise the possibility that persistent or occult neurologic and lymphoid disease may occur following clearance of peripheral virus in ZIKV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Aid
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Peter Abbink
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rafael A Larocca
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michael Boyd
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ramya Nityanandam
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ovini Nanayakkara
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Amanda J Martinot
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Edward T Moseley
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eryn Blass
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Erica N Borducchi
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Abishek Chandrashekar
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Amanda L Brinkman
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Katherine Molloy
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David Jetton
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lawrence J Tartaglia
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jinyan Liu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Katharine Best
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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213
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Robbiani DF, Bozzacco L, Keeffe JR, Khouri R, Olsen PC, Gazumyan A, Schaefer-Babajew D, Avila-Rios S, Nogueira L, Patel R, Azzopardi SA, Uhl LFK, Saeed M, Sevilla-Reyes EE, Agudelo M, Yao KH, Golijanin J, Gristick HB, Lee YE, Hurley A, Caskey M, Pai J, Oliveira T, Wunder EA, Sacramento G, Nery N, Orge C, Costa F, Reis MG, Thomas NM, Eisenreich T, Weinberger DM, de Almeida ARP, West AP, Rice CM, Bjorkman PJ, Reyes-Teran G, Ko AI, MacDonald MR, Nussenzweig MC. Recurrent Potent Human Neutralizing Antibodies to Zika Virus in Brazil and Mexico. Cell 2017; 169:597-609.e11. [PMID: 28475892 PMCID: PMC5492969 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies to Zika virus (ZIKV) can be protective. To examine the antibody response in individuals who develop high titers of anti-ZIKV antibodies, we screened cohorts in Brazil and Mexico for ZIKV envelope domain III (ZEDIII) binding and neutralization. We find that serologic reactivity to dengue 1 virus (DENV1) EDIII before ZIKV exposure is associated with increased ZIKV neutralizing titers after exposure. Antibody cloning shows that donors with high ZIKV neutralizing antibody titers have expanded clones of memory B cells that express the same immunoglobulin VH3-23/VK1-5 genes. These recurring antibodies cross-react with DENV1, but not other flaviviruses, neutralize both DENV1 and ZIKV, and protect mice against ZIKV challenge. Structural analyses reveal the mechanism of recognition of the ZEDIII lateral ridge by VH3-23/VK1-5 antibodies. Serologic testing shows that antibodies to this region correlate with serum neutralizing activity to ZIKV. Thus, high neutralizing responses to ZIKV are associated with pre-existing reactivity to DENV1 in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide F Robbiani
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Leonia Bozzacco
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jennifer R Keeffe
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ricardo Khouri
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Priscilla C Olsen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anna Gazumyan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | | | - Lilian Nogueira
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Roshni Patel
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Stephanie A Azzopardi
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lion F K Uhl
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mohsan Saeed
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Marianna Agudelo
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kai-Hui Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jovana Golijanin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Harry B Gristick
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Yu E Lee
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Arlene Hurley
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marina Caskey
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joy Pai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Thiago Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elsio A Wunder
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Gielson Sacramento
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Nivison Nery
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Cibele Orge
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Federico Costa
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia and Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Mitermayer G Reis
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia and Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Neena M Thomas
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Thomas Eisenreich
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniel M Weinberger
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Antonio R P de Almeida
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia and Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Anthony P West
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Charles M Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Pamela J Bjorkman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | - Albert I Ko
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia CEP 40296-710, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Margaret R MacDonald
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Michel C Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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214
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Willis E, Hensley SE. Characterization of Zika virus binding and enhancement potential of a large panel of flavivirus murine monoclonal antibodies. Virology 2017; 508:1-6. [PMID: 28475924 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Zika viruses (ZIKVs) are circulating in parts of the world endemic for other flavivirus infections. Some cross-reactive antibodies (Abs) elicited by prior flavivirus exposures can bind to ZIKV and enhance infection of Fc receptor-bearing cells. Here, we measured ZIKV binding of 54 murine monoclonal Abs (mAbs) elicited by exposure with Dengue virus and West Nile virus antigens. We found that 8 of 54 mAbs recognized the envelope protein of ZIKV in conventional binding assays. These 8 cross-reactive mAbs have different specificities; most recognize the DI/II region of the envelope protein but one mAb recognized the DIII lateral ridge of the envelope protein. Interestingly, only 3 of these cross-reactive mAbs were able to enhance ZIKV infection in vitro, and enhancing potential was not strictly correlated with relative binding ability. These data suggest that the ability of flavivirus Abs to enhance ZIKV is dependent on multiple factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor Willis
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Scott E Hensley
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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215
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Collins MH, McGowan E, Jadi R, Young E, Lopez CA, Baric RS, Lazear HM, de Silva AM. Lack of Durable Cross-Neutralizing Antibodies Against Zika Virus from Dengue Virus Infection. Emerg Infect Dis 2017; 23:773-781. [PMID: 28418292 PMCID: PMC5403059 DOI: 10.3201/eid2305.161630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-reactive antibodies elicited by dengue virus (DENV) infection might affect Zika virus infection and confound serologic tests. Recent data demonstrate neutralization of Zika virus by monoclonal antibodies or human serum collected early after DENV infection. Whether this finding is true in late DENV convalescence (>6 months after infection) is unknown. We studied late convalescent serum samples from persons with prior DENV or Zika virus exposure. Despite extensive cross-reactivity in IgG binding, Zika virus neutralization was not observed among primary DENV infections. We observed low-frequency (23%) Zika virus cross-neutralization in repeat DENV infections. DENV-immune persons who had Zika virus as a secondary infection had distinct populations of antibodies that neutralized DENVs and Zika virus, as shown by DENV-reactive antibody depletion experiments. These data suggest that most DENV infections do not induce durable, high-level Zika virus cross-neutralizing antibodies. Zika virus-specific antibody populations develop after Zika virus infection irrespective of prior DENV immunity.
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216
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Boigard H, Alimova A, Martin GR, Katz A, Gottlieb P, Galarza JM. Zika virus-like particle (VLP) based vaccine. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005608. [PMID: 28481898 PMCID: PMC5436897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly emerged mosquito-borne Zika virus poses a major public challenge due to its ability to cause significant birth defects and neurological disorders. The impact of sexual transmission is unclear but raises further concerns about virus dissemination. No specific treatment or vaccine is currently available, thus the development of a safe and effective vaccine is paramount. Here we describe a novel strategy to assemble Zika virus-like particles (VLPs) by co-expressing the structural (CprME) and non-structural (NS2B/NS3) proteins, and demonstrate their effectiveness as vaccines. VLPs are produced in a suspension culture of mammalian cells and self-assembled into particles closely resembling Zika viruses as shown by electron microscopy studies. We tested various VLP vaccines and compared them to analogous compositions of an inactivated Zika virus (In-ZIKV) used as a reference. VLP immunizations elicited high titers of antibodies, as did the In-ZIKV controls. However, in mice the VLP vaccine stimulated significantly higher virus neutralizing antibody titers than comparable formulations of the In-ZIKV vaccine. The serum neutralizing activity elicited by the VLP vaccine was enhanced using a higher VLP dose and with the addition of an adjuvant, reaching neutralizing titers greater than those detected in the serum of a patient who recovered from a Zika infection in Brazil in 2015. Discrepancies in neutralization levels between the VLP vaccine and the In-ZIKV suggest that chemical inactivation has deleterious effects on neutralizing epitopes within the E protein. This along with the inability of a VLP vaccine to cause infection makes it a preferable candidate for vaccine development.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Female
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/genetics
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/immunology
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/ultrastructure
- Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines/genetics
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Zika Virus/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Boigard
- TechnoVax, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Alimova
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York, School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States of America
| | | | - Al Katz
- Physics Department, City College of New York, New York City, NY, United States of America
| | - Paul Gottlieb
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York, School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States of America
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217
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Kawiecki AB, Mayton EH, Dutuze MF, Goupil BA, Langohr IM, Del Piero F, Christofferson RC. Tissue tropisms, infection kinetics, histologic lesions, and antibody response of the MR766 strain of Zika virus in a murine model. Virol J 2017; 14:82. [PMID: 28420392 PMCID: PMC5395720 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The appearance of severe Zika virus (ZIKV) disease in the most recent outbreak has prompted researchers to respond through the development of tools to quickly characterize transmission and pathology. We describe here another such tool, a mouse model of ZIKV infection and pathogenesis using the MR766 strain of virus that adds to the growing body of knowledge regarding ZIKV kinetics in small animal models. METHODS We infected mice with the MR766 strain of ZIKV to determine infection kinetics via serum viremia. We further evaluated infection-induced lesions via histopathology and visualized viral antigen via immunohistochemical labeling. We also investigated the antibody response of recovered animals to both the MR766 and a strain from the current outbreak (PRVABC59). RESULTS We demonstrate that the IRF3/7 DKO mouse is a susceptible, mostly non-lethal model well suited for the study of infection kinetics, pathological progression, and antibody response. Infected mice presented lesions in tissues that have been associated with ZIKV infection in the human population, such as the eyes, male gonads, and central nervous system. In addition, we demonstrate that infection with the MR766 strain produces cross-neutralizing antibodies to the PRVABC59 strain of the Asian lineage. CONCLUSIONS This model provides an additional tool for future studies into the transmission routes of ZIKV, as well as for the development of antivirals and other therapeutics, and should be included in the growing list of available tools for investigations of ZIKV infection and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Kawiecki
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - E Handly Mayton
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - M Fausta Dutuze
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Brad A Goupil
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Ingeborg M Langohr
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Fabio Del Piero
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Rebecca C Christofferson
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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Wang A, Thurmond S, Islas L, Hui K, Hai R. Zika virus genome biology and molecular pathogenesis. Emerg Microbes Infect 2017; 6:e13. [PMID: 28325921 PMCID: PMC5378920 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2016.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging RNA virus in the widespread Flavivirus genus. Recently, ZIKV has rapidly spread around the world and has been implicated in human disease, including neurological disorders, triggering public and scientific attention. Understanding how ZIKV causes disease is the highest priority, yet little is known about this virus. Here we examine the currently published data from ZIKV studies to provide the latest understanding of ZIKV genome biology and molecular pathogenesis. The ZIKV genome evolved rapidly from the Flavivirus genus and diverged from the members of this genus, even within the dengue virus cluster to which ZIKV belongs. Genome variations and divergences also exist among ZIKV strains/isolates. These genome divergences might account for the uniqueness of Zika disease. ZIKV infection activates not only the antiviral immune response but also the pro-inflammatory responses associated with disease symptoms. Strikingly, ZIKV activates protein complexes that are functionally associated with disease process, such as glial cell activation and proliferation (for example, Toll-like receptors), apoptosis and cell death, and inflammation. The activation of these complexes may critically contribute to Zika disease. The novel insights into ZIKV genome divergence and disease mechanisms summarized in this review will help accelerate the development of anti-ZIKV strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyou Wang
- The Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Stephanie Thurmond
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Leonel Islas
- The Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Kingyung Hui
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Rong Hai
- The Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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McGrath EL, Rossi SL, Gao J, Widen SG, Grant AC, Dunn TJ, Azar SR, Roundy CM, Xiong Y, Prusak DJ, Loucas BD, Wood TG, Yu Y, Fernández-Salas I, Weaver SC, Vasilakis N, Wu P. Differential Responses of Human Fetal Brain Neural Stem Cells to Zika Virus Infection. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 8:715-727. [PMID: 28216147 PMCID: PMC5355569 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection causes microcephaly in a subset of infants born to infected pregnant mothers. It is unknown whether human individual differences contribute to differential susceptibility of ZIKV-related neuropathology. Here, we use an Asian-lineage ZIKV strain, isolated from the 2015 Mexican outbreak (Mex1-7), to infect primary human neural stem cells (hNSCs) originally derived from three individual fetal brains. All three strains of hNSCs exhibited similar rates of Mex1-7 infection and reduced proliferation. However, Mex1-7 decreased neuronal differentiation in only two of the three stem cell strains. Correspondingly, ZIKA-mediated transcriptome alterations were similar in these two strains but significantly different from that of the third strain with no ZIKV-induced neuronal reduction. This study thus confirms that an Asian-lineage ZIKV strain infects primary hNSCs and demonstrates a cell-strain-dependent response of hNSCs to ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L McGrath
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shannan L Rossi
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Junling Gao
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Steven G Widen
- Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Auston C Grant
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Tiffany J Dunn
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Sasha R Azar
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Christopher M Roundy
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Deborah J Prusak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Bradford D Loucas
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Thomas G Wood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yongjia Yu
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico
| | - Scott C Weaver
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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220
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Tripathi S, Balasubramaniam VRMT, Brown JA, Mena I, Grant A, Bardina SV, Maringer K, Schwarz MC, Maestre AM, Sourisseau M, Albrecht RA, Krammer F, Evans MJ, Fernandez-Sesma A, Lim JK, García-Sastre A. A novel Zika virus mouse model reveals strain specific differences in virus pathogenesis and host inflammatory immune responses. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006258. [PMID: 28278235 PMCID: PMC5373643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito borne flavivirus, which was a neglected tropical pathogen until it emerged and spread across the Pacific Area and the Americas, causing large human outbreaks associated with fetal abnormalities and neurological disease in adults. The factors that contributed to the emergence, spread and change in pathogenesis of ZIKV are not understood. We previously reported that ZIKV evades cellular antiviral responses by targeting STAT2 for degradation in human cells. In this study, we demonstrate that Stat2-/- mice are highly susceptible to ZIKV infection, recapitulate virus spread to the central nervous system (CNS), gonads and other visceral organs, and display neurological symptoms. Further, we exploit this model to compare ZIKV pathogenesis caused by a panel of ZIKV strains of a range of spatiotemporal history of isolation and representing African and Asian lineages. We observed that African ZIKV strains induce short episodes of severe neurological symptoms followed by lethality. In comparison, Asian strains manifest prolonged signs of neuronal malfunctions, occasionally causing death of the Stat2-/- mice. African ZIKV strains induced higher levels of inflammatory cytokines and markers associated with cellular infiltration in the infected brain in mice, which may explain exacerbated pathogenesis in comparison to those of the Asian lineage. Interestingly, viral RNA levels in different organs did not correlate with the pathogenicity of the different strains. Taken together, we have established a new murine model that supports ZIKV infection and demonstrate its utility in highlighting intrinsic differences in the inflammatory response induced by different ZIKV strains leading to severity of disease. This study paves the way for the future interrogation of strain-specific changes in the ZIKV genome and their contribution to viral pathogenesis. Zika virus is the most recent viral pathogen to cause a global public health emergency. It is distinct from other flaviviruses in its ability to cause transplacental infection, fetal abnormalities and vector independent transmission through body fluids in humans. Over the last year, there has been rapid progress in the development of animal models, which can be used to study ZIKV pathogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that Stat2-/- mice are highly susceptible to ZIKV infection and recapitulate aspects of ZIKV pathogenesis and disease. We use this model to delineate whether strain specific differences in ZIKV pathogenesis exist, using diverse strains representing both African and Asian lineages. We show that African strains in general are more virulent than Asian strains and their pathogenicity associates closely with the degree of inflammatory immune response in the CNS of infected mice, and does not necessarily correlate with viral RNA levels. Thus, we establish Stat2-/- mice as new model to study ZIKV pathogenesis and use it to characterize inherent differences in the virulence among ZIKV strains. More importantly, we also highlight a potential role of the host inflammatory immune response in mediating differential pathogenesis among ZIKV strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Tripathi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Vinod R. M. T. Balasubramaniam
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Julia A. Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Graduate School of Biological Sciences at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Microbiology Training Area, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ignacio Mena
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alesha Grant
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Graduate School of Biological Sciences at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Microbiology Training Area, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Susana V. Bardina
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- The Graduate School of Biological Sciences at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Microbiology Training Area, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kevin Maringer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Megan C. Schwarz
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ana M. Maestre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marion Sourisseau
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Randy A. Albrecht
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Matthew J. Evans
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ana Fernandez-Sesma
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jean K. Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Roach T, Alcendor DJ. Zika virus infection of cellular components of the blood-retinal barriers: implications for viral associated congenital ocular disease. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:43. [PMID: 28253931 PMCID: PMC5335843 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocular abnormalities present in microcephalic infants with presumed Zika virus (ZIKV) congenital disease includes focal pigment mottling of the retina, chorioretinal atrophy, optic nerve abnormalities, and lens dislocation. Target cells in the ocular compartment for ZIKV infectivity are unknown. The cellular response of ocular cells to ZIKV infection has not been described. Mechanisms for viral dissemination in the ocular compartment of ZIKV-infected infants and adults have not been reported. Here, we identify target cells for ZIKV infectivity in both the inner and outer blood-retinal barriers (IBRB and OBRB), describe the cytokine expression profile in the IBRB after ZIKV exposure, and propose a mechanism for viral dissemination in the retina. METHODS We expose primary cellular components of the IBRB including human retinal microvascular endothelial cells, retinal pericytes, and Müller cells as well as retinal pigmented epithelial cells of the OBRB to the PRVABC56 strain of ZIKV. Viral infectivity was analyzed by microscopy, immunofluorescence, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR and qRT-PCR). Angiogenic and proinflammatory cytokines were measured by Luminex assays. RESULTS We find by immunofluorescent staining using the Flavivirus 4G2 monoclonal antibody that retinal endothelial cells and pericytes of the IBRB and retinal pigmented epithelial cells of the OBRB are fully permissive for ZIKV infection but not Müller cells when compared to mock-infected controls. We confirmed ZIKV infectivity in retinal endothelial cells, retinal pericytes, and retinal pigmented epithelial cells by RT-PCR and qRT-PCR using ZIKV-specific oligonucleotide primers. Expression profiles by Luminex assays in retinal endothelial cells infected with ZIKV revealed a marginal increase in levels of beta-2 microglobulin (β2-m), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and higher levels of regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES) but lower levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Retinal endothelial cells, retinal pericytes, and retinal pigmented epithelial cells are fully permissive for ZIKV lytic replication and are primary target cells in the retinal barriers for infection. ZIKV infection of retinal endothelial cells and retinal pericytes induces significantly higher levels of RANTES that likely contributes to ocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracoyia Roach
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208-3599 USA
| | - Donald J. Alcendor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37208-3599 USA
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Schwartzmann PV, Ramalho LNZ, Neder L, Vilar FC, Ayub-Ferreira SM, Romeiro MF, Takayanagui OM, Dos Santos AC, Schmidt A, Figueiredo LTM, Arena R, Simões MV. Zika Virus Meningoencephalitis in an Immunocompromised Patient. Mayo Clin Proc 2017; 92:460-466. [PMID: 28259231 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization considers the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Americas a global public health emergency. The neurologic complications due to ZIKV infection comprise microcephaly, meningoencephalitis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. We describe a fatal case of an adult patient receiving an immunosuppressive regimen following heart transplant. The patient was admitted with acute neurologic impairment and experienced progressive hemodynamic instability and mental deterioration that finally culminated in death. At autopsy, a pseudotumoral form of ZIKV meningoencephalitis was confirmed. Zika virus infection was documented by reverse trancriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence and electron microscopy of the brain parenchyma and cerebral spinal fluid. The sequencing of the viral genome in this patient confirmed a Brazilian ZIKV strain. In this case, central nervous system involvement and ZIKV propagation to other organs in a disseminated pattern is quite similar to that observed in other fatal Flaviviridae viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro V Schwartzmann
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Leandra N Z Ramalho
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Neder
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Vilar
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sílvia M Ayub-Ferreira
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marília F Romeiro
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo M Takayanagui
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Dos Santos
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Schmidt
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz T M Figueiredo
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Marcus V Simões
- Cardiology Centre, Internal Medicine Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Xavier-Neto J, Carvalho M, Pascoalino BDS, Cardoso AC, Costa ÂMS, Pereira AHM, Santos LN, Saito Â, Marques RE, Smetana JHC, Consonni SR, Bandeira C, Costa VV, Bajgelman MC, de Oliveira PSL, Cordeiro MT, Gonzales Gil LHV, Pauletti BA, Granato DC, Paes Leme AF, Freitas-Junior L, Holanda de Freitas CBM, Teixeira MM, Bevilacqua E, Franchini K. Hydrocephalus and arthrogryposis in an immunocompetent mouse model of ZIKA teratogeny: A developmental study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005363. [PMID: 28231241 PMCID: PMC5322881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The teratogenic mechanisms triggered by ZIKV are still obscure due to the lack of a suitable animal model. Here we present a mouse model of developmental disruption induced by ZIKV hematogenic infection. The model utilizes immunocompetent animals from wild-type FVB/NJ and C57BL/6J strains, providing a better analogy to the human condition than approaches involving immunodeficient, genetically modified animals, or direct ZIKV injection into the brain. When injected via the jugular vein into the blood of pregnant females harboring conceptuses from early gastrulation to organogenesis stages, akin to the human second and fifth week of pregnancy, ZIKV infects maternal tissues, placentas and embryos/fetuses. Early exposure to ZIKV at developmental day 5 (second week in humans) produced complex manifestations of anterior and posterior dysraphia and hydrocephalus, as well as severe malformations and delayed development in 10.5 days post-coitum (dpc) embryos. Exposure to the virus at 7.5-9.5 dpc induces intra-amniotic hemorrhage, widespread edema, and vascular rarefaction, often prominent in the cephalic region. At these stages, most affected embryos/fetuses displayed gross malformations and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), rather than isolated microcephaly. Disrupted conceptuses failed to achieve normal developmental landmarks and died in utero. Importantly, this is the only model so far to display dysraphia and hydrocephalus, the harbinger of microcephaly in humans, as well as arthrogryposis, a set of abnormal joint postures observed in the human setting. Late exposure to ZIKV at 12.5 dpc failed to produce noticeable malformations. We have thus characterized a developmental window of opportunity for ZIKV-induced teratogenesis encompassing early gastrulation, neurulation and early organogenesis stages. This should not, however, be interpreted as evidence for any safe developmental windows for ZIKV exposure. Late developmental abnormalities correlated with damage to the placenta, particularly to the labyrinthine layer, suggesting that circulatory changes are integral to the altered phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Xavier-Neto
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JXN); (KF)
| | - Murilo Carvalho
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno dos Santos Pascoalino
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alisson Campos Cardoso
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ângela Maria Sousa Costa
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Macedo Pereira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Nunes Santos
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ângela Saito
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Elias Marques
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Helena Costa Smetana
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvio Roberto Consonni
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Bandeira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian Vasconcelos Costa
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcio Chaim Bajgelman
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Lopes de Oliveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marli Tenorio Cordeiro
- CPqAM-Fiocruz. Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Laura Helena Vega Gonzales Gil
- CPqAM-Fiocruz. Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Bianca Alves Pauletti
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Campos Granato
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucio Freitas-Junior
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Estela Bevilacqua
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kleber Franchini
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, LNBio, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JXN); (KF)
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224
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Wang R, Chen H, An J. [Advances in Zika vaccines]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2017; 57:188-196. [PMID: 29750481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aedes (a genus of mosquitoes) transfers Zika virus (ZIKV) to humans. About two billion people worldwide live in ZIKV-affected areas. The outbreak of ZIKV in Central and South America threats public health worldwide, especially for pregnant women and their fetuses. ZIKV infection has become one of the major causes of neonatal congenital microcephaly and adult Guillain-Barre syndrome. No effective vaccine and treatment are available now against ZIKV infection. The first Zika vaccine is a DNA vaccine which affords complete protection against ZIKV and induces a high level of specific antibody titers. Advantages of DNA vaccines are simple to design and produce, safe for adults and fetuses, and without virulence recovery induced by reproducible vaccines. Some positive vaccines including traditional and emerging ones are in research and some progresses have been achieved. This article reviews the current situation and progress of Zika vaccines.
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225
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Simoni MK, Jurado KA, Abrahams VM, Fikrig E, Guller S. Zika virus infection of Hofbauer cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 77:10.1111/aji.12613. [PMID: 27966815 PMCID: PMC5299062 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have linked antenatal infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) with major adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes, including microcephaly. There is a growing consensus for the existence of a congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Previous studies have indicated that non-placental macrophages play a key role in the replication of dengue virus (DENV), a closely related flavivirus. As the placenta provides the conduit for vertical transmission of certain viruses, and placental Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are fetal-placental macrophages located adjacent to fetal capillaries, it is not surprising that several recent studies have examined infection of HBCs by ZIKV. In this review, we describe congenital abnormalities associated with ZIKV infection, the role of HBCs in the placental response to infection, and evidence for the susceptibility of HBCs to ZIKV infection. We conclude that HBCs may contribute to the spread of ZIKV in placenta and promote vertical transmission of ZIKV, ultimately compromising fetal and neonatal development and function. Current evidence strongly suggests that further studies are warranted to dissect the specific molecular mechanism through which ZIKV infects HBCs and its potential impact on the development of CZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K. Simoni
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kellie Ann Jurado
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Vikki M. Abrahams
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Seth Guller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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226
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Bowen JR, Quicke KM, Maddur MS, O’Neal JT, McDonald CE, Fedorova NB, Puri V, Shabman RS, Pulendran B, Suthar MS. Zika Virus Antagonizes Type I Interferon Responses during Infection of Human Dendritic Cells. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006164. [PMID: 28152048 PMCID: PMC5289613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that is causally linked to severe neonatal birth defects, including microcephaly, and is associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. Dendritic cells (DCs) are an important cell type during infection by multiple mosquito-borne flaviviruses, including dengue virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and yellow fever virus. Despite this, the interplay between ZIKV and DCs remains poorly defined. Here, we found human DCs supported productive infection by a contemporary Puerto Rican isolate with considerable variability in viral replication, but not viral binding, between DCs from different donors. Historic isolates from Africa and Asia also infected DCs with distinct viral replication kinetics between strains. African lineage viruses displayed more rapid replication kinetics and infection magnitude as compared to Asian lineage viruses, and uniquely induced cell death. Infection of DCs with both contemporary and historic ZIKV isolates led to minimal up-regulation of T cell co-stimulatory and MHC molecules, along with limited secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of type I interferon (IFN) protein translation was observed during ZIKV infection, despite strong induction at the RNA transcript level and up-regulation of other host antiviral proteins. Treatment of human DCs with RIG-I agonist potently restricted ZIKV replication, while type I IFN had only modest effects. Mechanistically, we found all strains of ZIKV antagonized type I IFN-mediated phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. Combined, our findings show that ZIKV subverts DC immunogenicity during infection, in part through evasion of type I IFN responses, but that the RLR signaling pathway is still capable of inducing an antiviral state, and therefore may serve as an antiviral therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Bowen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kendra M. Quicke
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mohan S. Maddur
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Justin T. O’Neal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Circe E. McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nadia B. Fedorova
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vinita Puri
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Reed S. Shabman
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mehul S. Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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227
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Elong Ngono A, Vizcarra EA, Tang WW, Sheets N, Joo Y, Kim K, Gorman MJ, Diamond MS, Shresta S. Mapping and Role of the CD8 + T Cell Response During Primary Zika Virus Infection in Mice. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 21:35-46. [PMID: 28081442 PMCID: PMC5234855 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells may play a dual role in protection against and pathogenesis of flaviviruses, including Zika virus (ZIKV). We evaluated the CD8+ T cell response in ZIKV-infected LysMCre+IFNARfl/fl C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice lacking the type I interferon receptor in a subset of myeloid cells. In total, 26 and 15 CD8+ T cell-reactive peptides for ZIKV African (MR766) and Asian (FSS13025) lineage strains, respectively, were identified and validated. CD8+ T cells from infected mice were polyfunctional and mediated cytotoxicity. Adoptive transfer of ZIKV-immune CD8+ T cells reduced viral burdens, whereas their depletion led to higher tissue burdens, and CD8-/- mice displayed higher mortality with ZIKV infection. Collectively, these results demonstrate that CD8+ T cells protect against ZIKV infection. Further, this study provides a T cell competent mouse model for investigating ZIKV-specific T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Elong Ngono
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Edward A Vizcarra
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - William W Tang
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas Sheets
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yunichel Joo
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kenneth Kim
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Matthew J Gorman
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology, and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology, and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sujan Shresta
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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228
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Wong SJ, Furuya A, Zou J, Xie X, Dupuis AP, Kramer LD, Shi PY. A Multiplex Microsphere Immunoassay for Zika Virus Diagnosis. EBioMedicine 2017; 16:136-140. [PMID: 28094237 PMCID: PMC5474433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid and accurate diagnosis of infectious agents is essential for patient care, disease control, and countermeasure development. The present serologic diagnosis of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection relies mainly on IgM-capture ELISA which is confounded with the flaw of cross-reactivity among different flaviviruses. In this communication, we report a multiplex microsphere immunoassay (MIA) that captures the diagnostic power of viral envelope protein (that elicits robust, yet cross-reactive antibodies to other flaviviruses) and the differential power of viral nonstructural proteins NS1 and NS5 (that induce more virus-type specific antibodies). Using 153 patient specimens with known ZIKV and/or dengue virus (DENV; a closely related flavivirus) infections, we showed that (i) ZIKV envelope-based MIA is equivalent or more sensitive than IgM-capture ELISA in diagnosing ZIKV infection, (ii) antibody responses to NS1 and NS5 proteins are more ZIKV-specific than antibody response to envelope protein, (iii) inclusion of NS1 and NS5 in the MIA improves the diagnostic accuracy when compared with the MIA that uses envelope protein alone. The multiplex MIA achieves a rapid diagnosis (turnaround time<4h) and requires small specimen volume (10μl) in a single reaction. This serologic assay could be developed for use in clinical diagnosis of ZIKV infection and for monitoring immune responses in vaccine trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Wong
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA.
| | - Andrea Furuya
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Jing Zou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xuping Xie
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Alan P Dupuis
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Laura D Kramer
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology & Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Institute for Translational Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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229
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Painter JE, Plaster AN, Tjersland DH, Jacobsen KH. Zika virus knowledge, attitudes, and vaccine interest among university students. Vaccine 2017; 35:960-965. [PMID: 28069360 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus vaccine development is underway. We examined interest in receiving a Zika virus vaccine (after one becomes commercially available) among students at a large public university in Northern Virginia. METHODS An online survey of Zika virus-related knowledge, attitudes, and interest in receiving a Zika vaccine was completed by 619 undergraduate students in April, 2016. Stepwise logistic regression with backward elimination was used to identify the variables most strongly associated with interest in being vaccinated against Zika virus. RESULTS More than half of participants (52.8%) reported that they would be likely or very likely to be vaccinated against Zika virus. Vaccination interest was significantly higher among participants who received an influenza vaccine in the past year (p=0.002), had higher levels of knowledge about Zika virus (p=0.046), reported knowing where to access information about Zika virus (p=0.041), had higher perceived susceptibility to Zika virus (p<0.001), and believed that the U.S. Government should prioritize actions to control Zika virus (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Communication and intervention strategies encouraging vaccine uptake may benefit from increasing knowledge of Zika virus, addressing perceived susceptibility, and reaching students, travelers, and others who may be seeking information about prevention of Zika virus and other emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Painter
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, United States.
| | - Ashley N Plaster
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, United States.
| | - Dylan H Tjersland
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, United States.
| | - Kathryn H Jacobsen
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, United States.
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230
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Smith DR, Hollidge B, Daye S, Zeng X, Blancett C, Kuszpit K, Bocan T, Koehler JW, Coyne S, Minogue T, Kenny T, Chi X, Yim S, Miller L, Schmaljohn C, Bavari S, Golden JW. Neuropathogenesis of Zika Virus in a Highly Susceptible Immunocompetent Mouse Model after Antibody Blockade of Type I Interferon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005296. [PMID: 28068342 PMCID: PMC5249252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models are needed to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of Zika virus (ZIKV) and to evaluate candidate medical countermeasures. Adult mice infected with ZIKV develop a transient viremia, but do not demonstrate signs of morbidity or mortality. Mice deficient in type I or a combination of type I and type II interferon (IFN) responses are highly susceptible to ZIKV infection; however, the absence of a competent immune system limits their usefulness for studying medical countermeasures. Here we employ a murine model for ZIKV using wild-type C57BL/6 mice treated with an antibody to disrupt type I IFN signaling to study ZIKV pathogenesis. We observed 40% mortality in antibody treated mice exposed to ZIKV subcutaneously whereas mice exposed by intraperitoneal inoculation were highly susceptible incurring 100% mortality. Mice infected by both exposure routes experienced weight loss, high viremia, and severe neuropathologic changes. The most significant histopathological findings occurred in the central nervous system where lesions represent an acute to subacute encephalitis/encephalomyelitis that is characterized by neuronal death, astrogliosis, microgliosis, scattered necrotic cellular debris, and inflammatory cell infiltrates. This model of ZIKV pathogenesis will be valuable for evaluating medical countermeasures and the pathogenic mechanisms of ZIKV because it allows immune responses to be elicited in immunologically competent mice with IFN I blockade only induced at the time of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darci R. Smith
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bradley Hollidge
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sharon Daye
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Candace Blancett
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kyle Kuszpit
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas Bocan
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeff W. Koehler
- Diagnostics Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Susan Coyne
- Diagnostics Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tim Minogue
- Diagnostics Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tara Kenny
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiaoli Chi
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Soojin Yim
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lynn Miller
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Connie Schmaljohn
- Headquarters Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sina Bavari
- Headquarters Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joseph W. Golden
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
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231
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Sapparapu G, Fernandez E, Kose N, Bin Cao, Fox JM, Bombardi RG, Zhao H, Nelson CA, Bryan AL, Barnes T, Davidson E, Mysorekar IU, Fremont DH, Doranz BJ, Diamond MS, Crowe JE. Neutralizing human antibodies prevent Zika virus replication and fetal disease in mice. Nature 2016; 540:443-447. [PMID: 27819683 PMCID: PMC5583716 DOI: 10.1038/nature20564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that can cause severe disease, including congenital birth defects during pregnancy. To develop candidate therapeutic agents against ZIKV, we isolated a panel of human monoclonal antibodies from subjects that were previously infected with ZIKV. We show that a subset of antibodies recognize diverse epitopes on the envelope (E) protein and exhibit potent neutralizing activity. One of the most inhibitory antibodies, ZIKV-117, broadly neutralized infection of ZIKV strains corresponding to African and Asian-American lineages. Epitope mapping studies revealed that ZIKV-117 recognized a unique quaternary epitope on the E protein dimer-dimer interface. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of ZIKV-117 in pregnant and non-pregnant mice. Monoclonal antibody treatment markedly reduced tissue pathology, placental and fetal infection, and mortality in mice. Thus, neutralizing human antibodies can protect against maternal-fetal transmission, infection and disease, and reveal important determinants for structure-based rational vaccine design efforts.
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MESH Headings
- Africa
- Americas
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/chemistry
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Viral/chemistry
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/therapeutic use
- Antibody Specificity
- Asia
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epitope Mapping
- Female
- Fetal Diseases/immunology
- Fetal Diseases/prevention & control
- Fetal Diseases/virology
- Fetus/immunology
- Fetus/virology
- Humans
- Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Placenta/immunology
- Placenta/virology
- Pregnancy
- Protein Multimerization
- Survival Rate
- Viral Proteins/chemistry
- Viral Proteins/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/chemistry
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Virus Replication/immunology
- Zika Virus/growth & development
- Zika Virus/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/pathology
- Zika Virus Infection/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Sapparapu
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Estefania Fernandez
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nurgun Kose
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Julie M Fox
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robin G Bombardi
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Christopher A Nelson
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | | | - Indira U Mysorekar
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daved H Fremont
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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232
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Usman Mirza M, Rafique S, Ali A, Munir M, Ikram N, Manan A, Salo-Ahen OMH, Idrees M. Towards peptide vaccines against Zika virus: Immunoinformatics combined with molecular dynamics simulations to predict antigenic epitopes of Zika viral proteins. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37313. [PMID: 27934901 PMCID: PMC5146661 DOI: 10.1038/srep37313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in Brazil has developed to a global health concern due to its likely association with birth defects (primary microcephaly) and neurological complications. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop a vaccine to prevent or a medicine to treat the infection. In this study, immunoinformatics approach was employed to predict antigenic epitopes of Zika viral proteins to aid in development of a peptide vaccine against ZIKV. Both linear and conformational B-cell epitopes as well as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes were predicted for ZIKV Envelope (E), NS3 and NS5 proteins. We further investigated the binding interactions of altogether 15 antigenic CTL epitopes with three class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) proteins after docking the peptides to the binding groove of the MHC I proteins. The stability of the resulting peptide-MHC I complexes was further studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The simulation results highlight the limits of rigid-body docking methods. Some of the antigenic epitopes predicted and analyzed in this work might present a preliminary set of peptides for future vaccine development against ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Mirza
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine (CRiMM), The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mobeen Munir
- Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Ikram
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Manan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Outi M. H. Salo-Ahen
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Vice Chancellor Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
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Aliota MT, Dudley DM, Newman CM, Mohr EL, Gellerup DD, Breitbach ME, Buechler CR, Rasheed MN, Mohns MS, Weiler AM, Barry GL, Weisgrau KL, Eudailey JA, Rakasz EG, Vosler LJ, Post J, Capuano S, Golos TG, Permar SR, Osorio JE, Friedrich TC, O’Connor SL, O’Connor DH. Heterologous Protection against Asian Zika Virus Challenge in Rhesus Macaques. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005168. [PMID: 27911897 PMCID: PMC5135040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus (ZIKV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) was declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization (WHO) in February 2016, because of the evidence linking infection with ZIKV to neurological complications, such as Guillain-Barre Syndrome in adults and congenital birth defects including microcephaly in the developing fetus. Because development of a ZIKV vaccine is a top research priority and because the genetic and antigenic variability of many RNA viruses limits the effectiveness of vaccines, assessing whether immunity elicited against one ZIKV strain is sufficient to confer broad protection against all ZIKV strains is critical. Recently, in vitro studies demonstrated that ZIKV likely circulates as a single serotype. Here, we demonstrate that immunity elicited by African lineage ZIKV protects rhesus macaques against subsequent infection with Asian lineage ZIKV. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using our recently developed rhesus macaque model of ZIKV infection, we report that the prototypical ZIKV strain MR766 productively infects macaques, and that immunity elicited by MR766 protects macaques against heterologous Asian ZIKV. Furthermore, using next generation deep sequencing, we found in vivo restoration of a putative N-linked glycosylation site upon replication in macaques that is absent in numerous MR766 strains that are widely being used by the research community. This reversion highlights the importance of carefully examining the sequence composition of all viral stocks as well as understanding how passage history may alter a virus from its original form. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE An effective ZIKV vaccine is needed to prevent infection-associated fetal abnormalities. Macaques whose immune responses were primed by infection with East African ZIKV were completely protected from detectable viremia when subsequently rechallenged with heterologous Asian ZIKV. Therefore, these data suggest that immunogen selection is unlikely to adversely affect the breadth of vaccine protection, i.e., any Asian ZIKV immunogen that protects against homologous challenge will likely confer protection against all other Asian ZIKV strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Aliota
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Dawn M. Dudley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Christina M. Newman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Emma L. Mohr
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Dane D. Gellerup
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Meghan E. Breitbach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Connor R. Buechler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mustafa N. Rasheed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mariel S. Mohns
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Andrea M. Weiler
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Gabrielle L. Barry
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kim L. Weisgrau
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Josh A. Eudailey
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Eva G. Rakasz
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Logan J. Vosler
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Post
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Saverio Capuano
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Thaddeus G. Golos
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Departments of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Sallie R. Permar
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jorge E. Osorio
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Thomas C. Friedrich
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Shelby L. O’Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - David H. O’Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chan JFW, Zhang AJ, Chan CCS, Yip CCY, Mak WWN, Zhu H, Poon VKM, Tee KM, Zhu Z, Cai JP, Tsang JOL, Chik KKH, Yin F, Chan KH, Kok KH, Jin DY, Au-Yeung RKH, Yuen KY. Zika Virus Infection in Dexamethasone-immunosuppressed Mice Demonstrating Disseminated Infection with Multi-organ Involvement Including Orchitis Effectively Treated by Recombinant Type I Interferons. EBioMedicine 2016; 14:112-122. [PMID: 27884655 PMCID: PMC5161441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disseminated or fatal Zika virus (ZIKV) infections were reported in immunosuppressed patients. Existing interferon-signaling/receptor-deficient mouse models may not be suitable for evaluating treatment effects of recombinant interferons. METHODS We developed a novel mouse model for ZIKV infection by immunosuppressing BALB/c mice with dexamethasone. RESULTS Dexamethasone-immunosuppressed male mice (6-8weeks) developed disseminated infection as evidenced by the detection of ZIKV-NS1 protein expression and high viral loads in multiple organs. They had ≥10% weight loss and high clinical scores soon after dexamethasone withdrawal (10dpi), which warranted euthanasia at 12dpi. Viral loads in blood and most tissues at 5dpi were significantly higher than those at 12dpi (P<0.05). Histological examination revealed prominent inflammatory infiltrates in multiple organs, and CD45+ and CD8+ inflammatory cells were seen in the testis. These findings suggested that clinical deterioration occurred during viral clearance by host immune response. Type I interferon treatments improved clinical outcome of mice (100% vs 0% survival). CONCLUSIONS Besides virus dissemination, inflammation of various tissues, especially orchitis, may be potential complications of ZIKV infection with significant implications on disease transmission and male fertility. Interferon treatment should be considered in patients at high risks for ZIKV-associated complications when the potential benefits outweigh the side effects of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Anna Jinxia Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chris Chung-Sing Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Cyril Chik-Yan Yip
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Winger Wing-Nga Mak
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Houshun Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Vincent Kwok-Man Poon
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kah-Meng Tee
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jessica Oi-Ling Tsang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kenn Ka-Heng Chik
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Feifei Yin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Kwok-Hung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kin-Hang Kok
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Dong-Yan Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Rex Kwok-Him Au-Yeung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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Manangeeswaran M, Ireland DDC, Verthelyi D. Zika (PRVABC59) Infection Is Associated with T cell Infiltration and Neurodegeneration in CNS of Immunocompetent Neonatal C57Bl/6 Mice. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1006004. [PMID: 27855206 PMCID: PMC5113993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) and its association with increased rates of Guillain Barre and other neurological disorders as well as congenital defects that include microcephaly has created an urgent need to develop animal models to examine the pathogenesis of the disease and explore the efficacy of potential therapeutics and vaccines. Recently developed infection models for ZIKV utilize mice defective in interferon responses. In this study we establish and characterize a new model of peripheral ZIKV infection using immunocompetent neonatal C57BL/6 mice and compare its clinical progression, virus distribution, immune response, and neuropathology with that of C57BL/6-IFNAR KO mice. We show that while ZIKV infected IFNAR KO mice develop bilateral hind limb paralysis and die 5–6 days post-infection (dpi), immunocompetent B6 WT mice develop signs of neurological disease including unsteady gait, kinetic tremors, severe ataxia and seizures by 13 dpi that subside gradually over 2 weeks. Immunohistochemistry show viral antigen predominantly in cerebellum at the peak of the disease in both models. However, whereas IFNAR KO mice showed infiltration by neutrophils and macrophages and higher expression of IL-1, IL-6 and Cox2, B6 WT mice show a cellular infiltration in the CNS composed predominantly of T cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, and increased mRNA expression levels of IFNg, GzmB and Prf1 at peak of disease. Lastly, the CNS of B6 WT mice shows evidence of neurodegeneration predominantly in the cerebellum that are less prominent in mice lacking the IFN response possibly due to the difference in cellular infiltrates and rapid progression of the disease in that model. The development of the B6 WT model of ZIKV infection will provide insight into the immunopathology of the virus and facilitate assessments of possible therapeutics and vaccines. The recent spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) and its association with increased rates of neurological disorders and congenital defects created an urgent need for animal models to examine the pathogenesis of the disease and explore the efficacy of potential therapeutics and vaccines. We describe the first symptomatic PRVABC59(ZIKV) animal model in immunocompetent B6 WT mice showing that a subcutaneous challenge in 1 day old mice leads to non-lethal neurological disease that is characterized by unsteady gait, kinetic tremors, severe ataxia and seizures that subsides after 2 weeks. ZIKV infects neurons in cerebellum of mice and elicits the infiltration of lymphocytes into the brain. The immune response protects mice from death but may also contribute to neurodegeneration as mice with defective interferon responses have increased virus loads in brain and peripheral organs, succumbing to the disease in 5–6 days, but have fewer signs of neurodegeneration. This mouse model bypasses transplacental transmission and consequent placental insufficiency and will facilitate detailed investigations into the pathogenesis of the disease as well as mechanistic studies for possible therapeutics and vaccines. Lastly, its non-lethal outcome allows for studies assessing the long term effects of the infection, and exploring conditions that could lead to disease reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanraj Manangeeswaran
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research-III, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Derek D. C. Ireland
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research-III, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniela Verthelyi
- Division of Biotechnology Review and Research-III, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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236
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Abstract
We’ve made a good start but substantial challenges remain
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Hombach
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Friede
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vasee Moorthy
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Costello
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Paule Kieny
- Health Systems and Innovation, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Abstract
Zika virus co-circulates with dengue in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Cases of co-infection by dengue and Zika have been reported, the implication of this co-infection for an integrated intervention program for controlling both dengue and Zika must be addressed urgently. Here, we formulate a mathematical model to describe the transmission dynamics of co-infection of dengue and Zika with particular focus on the effects of Zika outbreak by vaccination against dengue among human hosts. Our analysis determines specific conditions under which vaccination against dengue can significantly increase the Zika outbreak peak, and speed up the Zika outbreak peak timing. Our results call for further study about the co-infection to direct an integrated control to balance the benefits for dengue control and the damages of Zika outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Tang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
- Centre for Disease Modelling, York Institute for Health Research, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Yanni Xiao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Jianhong Wu
- Centre for Disease Modelling, York Institute for Health Research, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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238
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Matheus S, Boukhari R, Labeau B, Ernault V, Bremand L, Kazanji M, Rousset D. Specificity of Dengue NS1 Antigen in Differential Diagnosis of Dengue and Zika Virus Infection. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22:1691-3. [PMID: 27347853 PMCID: PMC4994358 DOI: 10.3201/eid2209.160725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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239
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Zhao H, Fernandez E, Dowd KA, Speer SD, Platt DJ, Gorman MJ, Govero J, Nelson CA, Pierson TC, Diamond MS, Fremont DH. Structural Basis of Zika Virus-Specific Antibody Protection. Cell 2016; 166:1016-1027. [PMID: 27475895 PMCID: PMC4983199 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy has emerged as a global public health problem because of its ability to cause severe congenital disease. Here, we developed six mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against ZIKV including four (ZV-48, ZV-54, ZV-64, and ZV-67) that were ZIKV specific and neutralized infection of African, Asian, and American strains to varying degrees. X-ray crystallographic and competition binding analyses of Fab fragments and scFvs defined three spatially distinct epitopes in DIII of the envelope protein corresponding to the lateral ridge (ZV-54 and ZV-67), C-C' loop (ZV-48 and ZV-64), and ABDE sheet (ZV-2) regions. In vivo passive transfer studies revealed protective activity of DIII-lateral ridge specific neutralizing mAbs in a mouse model of ZIKV infection. Our results suggest that DIII is targeted by multiple type-specific antibodies with distinct neutralizing activity, which provides a path for developing prophylactic antibodies for use in pregnancy or designing epitope-specific vaccines against ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhao
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Estefania Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kimberly A Dowd
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Scott D Speer
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Derek J Platt
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matthew J Gorman
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jennifer Govero
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christopher A Nelson
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Daved H Fremont
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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241
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Ribeiro LS, Marques RE, Jesus AMRD, Almeida RPD, Teixeira MM. Zika crisis in Brazil: challenges in research and development. Curr Opin Virol 2016; 18:76-81. [PMID: 27179929 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Infection with the Zika virus (ZIKV) usually causes a mild acute illness, but two major severe syndromes have been described during the epidemic in Brazil: microcephaly and the Guillain-Barré Syndrome. There is now much evidence to show that ZIKV can infect and damage neuronal cells in vitro. In experimental animals, ZIKV has significant neurotropism and can cause brain damage. At present, diagnosis is still a challenge in the field and there is no treatment available. Another major challenge is that one must devise therapies for pregnant women, at all stages of pregnancy. Devising adequate treatment for ZIKV infections represents a challenge that will only be met by the joint effort of the research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Secchim Ribeiro
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Immunopharmacology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Elias Marques
- Immunopharmacology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amélia Maria Ribeiro de Jesus
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular and Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Roque Pacheco de Almeida
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular and Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Immunopharmacology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Lazear HM, Govero J, Smith AM, Platt DJ, Fernandez E, Miner JJ, Diamond MS. A Mouse Model of Zika Virus Pathogenesis. Cell Host Microbe 2016; 19:720-30. [PMID: 27066744 PMCID: PMC4866885 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 707] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic and unexpected clinical outcomes, including Guillain-Barré syndrome and birth defects, has brought an urgent need for animal models. We evaluated infection and pathogenesis with contemporary and historical ZIKV strains in immunocompetent mice and mice lacking components of the antiviral response. Four- to six-week-old Irf3(-/-)Irf5(-/-)Irf7(-/-) triple knockout mice, which produce little interferon α/β, and mice lacking the interferon receptor (Ifnar1(-/-)) developed neurological disease and succumbed to ZIKV infection, whereas single Irf3(-/-), Irf5(-/-), and Mavs(-/-) knockout mice exhibited no overt illness. Ifnar1(-/-) mice sustained high viral loads in the brain and spinal cord, consistent with evidence that ZIKV causes neurodevelopmental defects in human fetuses. The testes of Ifnar1(-/-) mice had the highest viral loads, which is relevant to sexual transmission of ZIKV. This model of ZIKV pathogenesis will be valuable for evaluating vaccines and therapeutics as well as understanding disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jennifer Govero
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amber M Smith
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Derek J Platt
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Estefania Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jonathan J Miner
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Bayer A, Lennemann NJ, Ouyang Y, Bramley JC, Morosky S, Marques ETDA, Cherry S, Sadovsky Y, Coyne CB. Type III Interferons Produced by Human Placental Trophoblasts Confer Protection against Zika Virus Infection. Cell Host Microbe 2016; 19:705-12. [PMID: 27066743 PMCID: PMC4866896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 390] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
During mammalian pregnancy, the placenta acts as a barrier between the maternal and fetal compartments. The recently observed association between Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during human pregnancy and fetal microcephaly and other anomalies suggests that ZIKV may bypass the placenta to reach the fetus. This led us to investigate ZIKV infection of primary human trophoblasts (PHTs), which are the barrier cells of the placenta. We discovered that PHT cells from full-term placentas are refractory to ZIKV infection. In addition, medium from uninfected PHT cells protects non-placental cells from ZIKV infection. PHT cells constitutively release the type III interferon (IFN) IFNλ1, which functions in both a paracrine and autocrine manner to protect trophoblast and non-trophoblast cells from ZIKV infection. Our data suggest that for ZIKV to access the fetal compartment, it must evade restriction by trophoblast-derived IFNλ1 and other trophoblast-specific antiviral factors and/or use alternative strategies to cross the placental barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avraham Bayer
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nicholas J Lennemann
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Yingshi Ouyang
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - John C Bramley
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Stefanie Morosky
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ernesto Torres De Azeved Marques
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Fundação Osvaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Sara Cherry
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Carolyn B Coyne
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Elizabeth M Stringer
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill3Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill3Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
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Dowall SD, Graham VA, Rayner E, Atkinson B, Hall G, Watson RJ, Bosworth A, Bonney LC, Kitchen S, Hewson R. A Susceptible Mouse Model for Zika Virus Infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004658. [PMID: 27149521 PMCID: PMC4858159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen which has recently spread beyond Africa and into Pacific and South American regions. Despite first being detected in 1947, very little information is known about the virus, and its spread has been associated with increases in Guillain-Barre syndrome and microcephaly. There are currently no known vaccines or antivirals against ZIKV infection. Progress in assessing interventions will require the development of animal models to test efficacies; however, there are only limited reports on in vivo studies. The only susceptible murine models have involved intracerebral inoculations or juvenile animals, which do not replicate natural infection. Our report has studied the effect of ZIKV infection in type-I interferon receptor deficient (A129) mice and the parent strain (129Sv/Ev) after subcutaneous challenge in the lower leg to mimic a mosquito bite. A129 mice developed severe symptoms with widespread viral RNA detection in the blood, brain, spleen, liver and ovaries. Histological changes were also striking in these animals. 129Sv/Ev mice developed no clinical symptoms or histological changes, despite viral RNA being detectable in the blood, spleen and ovaries, albeit at lower levels than those seen in A129 mice. Our results identify A129 mice as being highly susceptible to ZIKV and thus A129 mice represent a suitable, and urgently required, small animal model for the testing of vaccines and antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart D. Dowall
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria A. Graham
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Rayner
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Barry Atkinson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Hall
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Watson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Bosworth
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Laura C. Bonney
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Kitchen
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Roger Hewson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
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246
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Anaya JM, Ramirez-Santana C, Salgado-Castaneda I, Chang C, Ansari A, Gershwin ME. Zika virus and neurologic autoimmunity: the putative role of gangliosides. BMC Med 2016; 14:49. [PMID: 27001187 PMCID: PMC4802632 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0601-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of severe neurological complications associated with Zika virus (ZIKV), chiefly Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and primary microcephaly, have led the World Health Organization to declare a global health emergency. Molecular mimicry between glycolipids and surface molecules of infectious agents explain most of the cases of GBS preceded by infection, while a direct toxicity of ZIKV on neural cells has been raised as the main mechanism by which ZIKV induces microcephaly. Gangliosides are crucial in brain development, and their expression correlates with neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, synaptic transmission, and cell proliferation. Targeting the autoimmune response to gangliosides may represent an underexploited opportunity to examine the increased incidence of neurological complications related to ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Manuel Anaya
- />Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | | | - Christopher Chang
- />Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA USA
| | - Aftab Ansari
- />Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- />Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA USA
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247
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Olsen B, Lundkvist Å. [Zika virus - ancient virus gets new life in a new ecosystem. Microcephaly and Guillain-Barre syndrome are possible consequences when there is no background herd immunity in the population]. Lakartidningen 2016; 113:DX9X. [PMID: 26978815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitos. The virus was discovered in 1947 in the Zika forest in Uganda. Symptomatic disease is usually mild and is characterized by maculopapular rash, headache, fever, arthralgia and conjunctivitis. Fatalities are rare. There is neither vaccine nor curative treatment available. In May 2015, the first observation of local virus transmission was reported from Brazil. During the expanding outbreak in the Americas, Zika virus infection has been associated with microcephaly in newborn and fetal losses in women infected with Zika virus during pregnancy. The main reason for the current epidemic in the Americas is the introduction of an Old World virus into a new ecosystem, with no background herd immunity in the population. It is likely that the spread of Zika virus will continue, affecting all countries in the Americas except for Chile and Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Olsen
- Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, infektionssjukdomar - Uppsala universitet Uppsala, Sweden Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper - Uppsala universitet Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Lundkvist
- Uppsala universitetet Institutionen for medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi - Uppsala, Sweden Uppsala universitetet Institutionen for medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi - Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract
Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with molecular specificities for either the viral envelope glycoprotein (MAb 541) or the non-structural NS1 glycoprotein (MAb 109) were derived using West Nile and yellow fever (YF) viruses respectively. Their antigenic reactivity with a large number of flaviviruses was tested by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Both produced cytoplasmic fluorescent staining patterns with the homologous virus against which they were raised. Additionally, MAb 541 reacted with two substrains of YF virus whereas MAb 109 reacted with Bussuquara, YF and Ntaya viruses. These reactions were exclusively cytoplasmic. Two unexpected patterns of fluorescent labelling were observed when the antibodies were tested with Zika and Langat viruses. MAb 541 produced fluorescent staining of the nuclei, but not the cytoplasm, of cells infected with Zika virus and MAb 109 labelled only the nucleoli of cells infected with Langat virus. Double-labelling experiments showed that the nuclear fluorescent label was confined to virus-infected cells, and antibody absorption experiments with virus-infected cell packs confirmed the virus specificity of the nuclear antigen. The unexpected presence of virus-specific antigen in the nuclei or nucleoli of Zika or Langat virus-infected cells brings into question the role of the nucleus in flavivirus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Buckley
- Arbovirus Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Winches Farm Field Station, St Albans, Hertfordshire, U.K
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250
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Filipe AR, Martins CM, Rocha H. Laboratory infection with Zika virus after vaccination against yellow fever. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1973; 43:315-9. [PMID: 4799154 DOI: 10.1007/bf01556147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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