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Weinstein JJ, Moeller SJ, Perlman G, Gil R, Van Snellenberg JX, Wengler K, Meng J, Slifstein M, Abi-Dargham A. Imaging the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter in Schizophrenia: A Positron Emission Tomography Study Using [ 18F]-VAT. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 96:352-364. [PMID: 38309322 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite longstanding interest in the central cholinergic system in schizophrenia (SCZ), cholinergic imaging studies with patients have been limited to receptors. Here, we conducted a proof-of-concept positron emission tomography study using [18F]-VAT, a new radiotracer that targets the vesicular acetylcholine transporter as a proxy measure of acetylcholine transmission capacity, in patients with SCZ and explored relationships of vesicular acetylcholine transporter with clinical symptoms and cognition. METHODS A total of 18 adult patients with SCZ or schizoaffective disorder (the SCZ group) and 14 healthy control participants underwent a positron emission tomography scan with [18F]-VAT. Distribution volume (VT) for [18F]-VAT was derived for each region of interest, and group differences in VT were assessed with 2-sample t tests. Functional significance was explored through correlations between VT and scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and a computerized neurocognitive battery (PennCNB). RESULTS No group differences in [18F]-VAT VT were observed. However, within the SCZ group, psychosis symptom severity was positively associated with VT in multiple regions of interest, with the strongest effects in the hippocampus, thalamus, midbrain, cerebellum, and cortex. In addition, in the SCZ group, working memory performance was negatively associated with VT in the substantia innominata and several cortical regions of interest including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS In this initial study, the severity of 2 important features of SCZ-psychosis and working memory deficit-was strongly associated with [18F]-VAT VT in several cortical and subcortical regions. These correlations provide preliminary evidence of cholinergic activity involvement in SCZ and, if replicated in larger samples, could lead to a more complete mechanistic understanding of psychosis and cognitive deficits in SCZ and the development of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi J Weinstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos School of Medicine and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York.
| | - Scott J Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Roberto Gil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jared X Van Snellenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Kenneth Wengler
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos School of Medicine and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York; Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jiayan Meng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Mark Slifstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Anissa Abi-Dargham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos School of Medicine and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
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Han Y, Zhang JQ, Ji YW, Luan YW, Li SY, Geng HZ, Ji Y, Yin C, Liu S, Zhou CY, Xiao C. α4 nicotinic receptors on GABAergic neurons mediate a cholinergic analgesic circuit in the substantia nigra pars reticulata. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1160-1174. [PMID: 38438581 PMCID: PMC11130268 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate pain pathways with various outcomes depending on receptor subtypes, neuron types, and locations. But it remains unknown whether α4β2 nAChRs abundantly expressed in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) have potential to mitigate hyperalgesia in pain states. We observed that injection of nAChR antagonists into the SNr reduced pain thresholds in naïve mice, whereas injection of nAChR agonists into the SNr relieved hyperalgesia in mice, subjected to capsaicin injection into the lower hind leg, spinal nerve injury, chronic constriction injury, or chronic nicotine exposure. The analgesic effects of nAChR agonists were mimicked by optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic inputs from the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) to the SNr, but attenuated upon downregulation of α4 nAChRs on SNr GABAergic neurons and injection of dihydro-β-erythroidine into the SNr. Chronic nicotine-induced hyperalgesia depended on α4 nAChRs in SNr GABAergic neurons and was associated with the reduction of ACh release in the SNr. Either activation of α4 nAChRs in the SNr or optogenetic stimulation of the PPN-SNr cholinergic projection mitigated chronic nicotine-induced hyperalgesia. Interestingly, mechanical stimulation-induced ACh release was significantly attenuated in mice subjected to either capsaicin injection into the lower hind leg or SNI. These results suggest that α4 nAChRs on GABAergic neurons mediate a cholinergic analgesic circuit in the SNr, and these receptors may be effective therapeutic targets to relieve hyperalgesia in acute and chronic pain, and chronic nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, 322099, China
| | - Jia-Qi Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ya-Wei Ji
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yi-Wen Luan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Shu-Yi Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Geng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Cui Yin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Su Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Chun-Yi Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Nayerpour Dizaj T, Doustmihan A, Sadeghzadeh Oskouei B, Akbari M, Jaymand M, Mazloomi M, Jahanban-Esfahlan R. Significance of PSCA as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:135. [PMID: 38627732 PMCID: PMC11020972 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the contributing factors in the diagnosis and treatment of most cancers is the identification of their surface antigens. Cancer tissues or cells have their specific antigens. Some antigens that are present in many cancers elicit different functions. One of these antigens is the prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) antigen, which was first identified in the prostate. PSCA is a cell surface protein that has different functions in different tissues. It can play an inhibitory role in cell proliferation as well as a tumor-inducing role. PSCA has several genetic variants involved in cancer susceptibility in some tissues, so identifying the characteristics of this antigen and its relationship with clinical features can provide more information on diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancers. Most studies on the PSCA have focused on prostate cancer. While it is also expressed in other cancers, little attention has been paid to its role as a valuable diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tool in other cancers. PSCA has several genetic variants that seem to play a significant role in cancer susceptibility in some tissues, so identifying the characteristics of this antigen and its relationship and variants with clinical features can be beneficial in concomitant cancer therapy and diagnosis, as theranostic tools. In this study, we will review the alteration of the PSCA expression and its polymorphisms and evaluate its clinical and theranostics significance in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Nayerpour Dizaj
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Doustmihan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Sadeghzadeh Oskouei
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - MirAhmad Mazloomi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Ramirez-Cando LJ, Rodríguez-Cazar LG, Acosta-Tobar LA, Ballaz SJ. Molecular docking analysis of chlorpyrifos at the human α7-nAChR and its potential relationship with neurocytoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2024; 59:277-284. [PMID: 38600794 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2340929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF), an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, has raised serious concerns about human safety. Apart from inducing synaptic acetylcholine accumulation, CPF could also act at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, like the α7-isoform (α7-nAChR), which could potentially be harmful to developing brains. Our aims were to use molecular docking to assess the binding interactions between CPF and α7-nAChR through, to test the neurocytotoxic and oxidative effects of very low concentrations of CPF on SH-SY5Y cells, and to hypothesize about the potential mediation of α7-nAChR. Docking analysis showed a significant binding affinity of CPH for the E fragment of the α7-nAChR (ΔGibbs: -5.63 to -6.85 Kcal/mol). According to the MTT- and Trypan Blue-based viability assays, commercial CPF showed concentration- and time-dependent neurotoxic effects at a concentration range (2.5-20 µM), ten-folds lower than those reported to have crucial effects for sheer CPF. A rise of the production of radical oxygen species (ROS) was seen at even lower concentrations (1-2.5 µM) of CPF after 24h. Notably, our docking analysis supports the antagonistic actions of CPF on α7-nAChR that were recently published. In conclusion, while α7-nAChR is responsible for neuronal survival and neurodevelopmental processes, its activity may also mediate the neurotoxicity of CPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenin J Ramirez-Cando
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Universidad Yachay Tech, Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | | | - Luis A Acosta-Tobar
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Universidad Yachay Tech, Urcuquí, Ecuador
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5
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Rivera-García LG, Francis-Malavé AM, Castillo ZW, Uong CD, Wilson TD, Ferchmin PA, Eterovic V, Burton MD, Carrasquillo Y. Anti-hyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of 4R-tobacco cembranoid in a mouse model of inflammatory pain. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:2. [PMID: 38267952 PMCID: PMC10809744 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00373-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
4R is a tobacco cembranoid that binds to and modulates cholinergic receptors and exhibits neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity. Given the established function of the cholinergic system in pain and inflammation, we propose that 4R is also analgesic. Here, we tested the hypothesis that systemic 4R treatment decreases pain-related behaviors and peripheral inflammation via modulation of the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChRs) in a mouse model of inflammatory pain. We elicited inflammation by injecting Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) into the hind paw of male and female mice. We then assessed inflammation-induced hypersensitivity to cold, heat, and tactile stimulation using the Acetone, Hargreaves, and von Frey tests, respectively, before and at different time points (2.5 h - 8d) after a single systemic 4R (or vehicle) administration. We evaluated the contribution of α7 nAChRs 4R-mediated analgesia by pre-treating mice with a selective antagonist of α7 nAChRs followed by 4R (or vehicle) administration prior to behavioral tests. We assessed CFA-induced paw edema and inflammation by measuring paw thickness and quantifying immune cell infiltration in the injected hind paw using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Lastly, we performed immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analyses of paw skin in α7 nAChR-cre::Ai9 mice to measure the expression of α7 nAChRs on immune subsets. Our experiments show that systemic administration of 4R decreases inflammation-induced peripheral hypersensitivity in male and female mice and inflammation-induced paw edema in male but not female mice. Notably, 4R-mediated analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects lasted up to 8d after a single systemic administration on day 1. Pretreatment with an α7 nAChR-selective antagonist prevented 4R-mediated analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects, demonstrating that 4R effects are via modulation of α7 nAChRs. We further show that a subset of immune cells in the hind paw expresses α7 nAChRs. However, the number of α7 nAChR-expressing immune cells is unaltered by CFA or 4R treatment, suggesting that 4R effects are independent of α7 nAChR-expressing immune cells. Together, our findings identify a novel function of the 4R tobacco cembranoid as an analgesic agent in both male and female mice that reduces peripheral inflammation in a sex-dependent manner, further supporting the pharmacological targeting of the cholinergic system for pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G Rivera-García
- Division of Intramural Research National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Universidad Central Del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Adela M Francis-Malavé
- Division of Intramural Research National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zachary W Castillo
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
| | - Calvin D Uong
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
| | - Torri D Wilson
- Division of Intramural Research National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - P A Ferchmin
- Department of Neuroscience, Universidad Central Del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Vesna Eterovic
- Department of Neuroscience, Universidad Central Del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Michael D Burton
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
| | - Yarimar Carrasquillo
- Division of Intramural Research National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- National Institute On Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Lu Y, Chen K, Zhao W, Hua Y, Bao S, Zhang J, Wu T, Ge G, Yu Y, Sun J, Zhang F. Magnetic vagus nerve stimulation alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by the inhibition of pyroptosis through the M 2AChR/OGDHL/ROS axis in rats. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:421. [PMID: 37957640 PMCID: PMC10644528 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is accompanied by an imbalance in the cardiac autonomic nervous system, characterized by over-activated sympathetic tone and reduced vagal nerve activity. In our preceding study, we pioneered the development of the magnetic vagus nerve stimulation (mVNS) system. This system showcased precise vagus nerve stimulation, demonstrating remarkable effectiveness and safety in treating myocardial infarction. However, it remains uncertain whether mVNS can mitigate myocardial I/R injury and its specific underlying mechanisms. In this study, we utilized a rat model of myocardial I/R injury to delve into the therapeutic potential of mVNS against this type of injury. RESULTS Our findings revealed that mVNS treatment led to a reduction in myocardial infarct size, a decrease in ventricular fibrillation (VF) incidence and a curbing of inflammatory cytokine release. Mechanistically, mVNS demonstrated beneficial effects on myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis through the M2AChR/OGDHL/ROS axis. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these outcomes highlight the promising potential of mVNS as a treatment strategy for myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lu
- Section of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, No.199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Kaiyan Chen
- Section of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Section of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Yan Hua
- Section of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Siyuan Bao
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Wu
- Section of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Gaoyuan Ge
- Section of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Yue Yu
- Section of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Jianfei Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China.
| | - Fengxiang Zhang
- Section of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
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Chung L, Jing M, Li Y, Tapper AR. Feed-forward Activation of Habenula Cholinergic Neurons by Local Acetylcholine. Neuroscience 2023; 529:172-182. [PMID: 37572877 PMCID: PMC10840387 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
While the functional and behavioral role of the medial habenula (MHb) is still emerging, recent data indicate an involvement of this nuclei in regulating mood, aversion, and addiction. Unique to the MHb is a large cluster of cholinergic neurons that project to the interpeduncular nucleus and densely express acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) suggesting that the activity of these cholinergic neurons may be regulated by ACh itself. Whether endogenous ACh from within the habenula regulates cholinergic neuron activity has not been demonstrated. Supporting a role for ACh in modulating MHb activity, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors increased the firing rate of MHb cholinergic neurons in mouse habenula slices, an effect blocked by AChR antagonists and mediated by ACh which was detected via expressing fluorescent ACh sensors in MHb in vivo. To test if cholinergic afferents innervate MHb cholinergic neurons, we used anterograde and retrograde viral tracing to identify cholinergic inputs. Surprisingly, tracing experiments failed to detect cholinergic inputs into the MHb, including from the septum, suggesting that MHb cholinergic neurons may release ACh within the MHb to drive cholinergic activity. To test this hypothesis, we expressed channelrhodopsin in a portion of MHb cholinergic neurons while recording from non-opsin-expressing neurons. Light pulses progressively increased activity of MHb cholinergic neurons indicating feed-forward activation driven by MHb ACh release. These data indicate MHb cholinergic neurons may utilize a unique feed-forward mechanism to synchronize and increase activity by releasing local ACh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeyup Chung
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Dept. of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Miao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Andrew R Tapper
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Dept. of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Huang L, Mut-Arbona P, Varga B, Török B, Brunner J, Arszovszki A, Iring A, Kisfali M, Vizi ES, Sperlágh B. P2X7 purinergic receptor modulates dentate gyrus excitatory neurotransmission and alleviates schizophrenia-like symptoms in mouse. iScience 2023; 26:107560. [PMID: 37649698 PMCID: PMC10462828 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP-gated P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs) play a crucial role in brain disorders. However, how they affect normal and pathological synaptic transmission is still largely unclear. Here, by using whole-cell patch-clamp technique to record AMPA- and NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (s/mEPSCs) in dentate gyrus granule cells (DG GCs), we revealed a modulation by P2X7Rs of presynaptic sites, especially originated from entorhinal cortex (EC)-GC path but not the mossy cell (MC)-GC path. The involvement of P2X7Rs was confirmed using a pharmacological approach. Additionally, the acute activation of P2X7Rs directly elevated calcium influx from EC-GC terminals. In postnatal phencyclidine (PCP)-induced mouse model of schizophrenia, we observed that P2X7R deficiency restored the EC-GC synapse alteration and alleviated PCP-induced symptoms. To summarize, P2X7Rs participate in the modulation of GC excitatory neurotransmission in the DG via EC-GC pathway, contributing to pathological alterations of neuronal functions leading to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paula Mut-Arbona
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Varga
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bibiana Török
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Brunner
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Antonia Arszovszki
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Iring
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Kisfali
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - E. Sylvester Vizi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Sperlágh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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9
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Mut-Arbona P, Huang L, Baranyi M, Tod P, Iring A, Calzaferri F, de Los Ríos C, Sperlágh B. Dual Role of the P2X7 Receptor in Dendritic Outgrowth during Physiological and Pathological Brain Development. J Neurosci 2023; 43:1125-1142. [PMID: 36732073 PMCID: PMC9962779 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0805-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
At high levels, extracellular ATP operates as a "danger" molecule under pathologic conditions through purinergic receptors, including the ionotropic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R). Its endogenous activation is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders; however, its function during early embryonic stages remains largely unclear. Our objective was to determine the role of P2X7R in the regulation of neuronal outgrowth. For this purpose, we performed Sholl analysis of dendritic branches on primary hippocampal neurons and in acute hippocampal slices from WT mice and mice with genetic deficiency or pharmacological blockade of P2X7R. Because abnormal dendritic branching is a hallmark of certain neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia, a model of maternal immune activation (MIA)-induced schizophrenia, was used for further morphologic investigations. Subsequently, we studied MIA-induced behavioral deficits in young adult mice females and males. Genetic deficiency or pharmacological blockade of P2X7R led to branching deficits under physiological conditions. Moreover, pathologic activation of the receptor led to deficits in dendritic outgrowth on primary neurons from WT mice but not those from P2X7R KO mice exposed to MIA. Likewise, only MIA-exposed WT mice displayed schizophrenia-like behavioral and cognitive deficits. Therefore, we conclude that P2X7R has different roles in the development of hippocampal dendritic arborization under physiological and pathologic conditions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Our main finding is a novel role for P2X7R in neuronal branching in the early stages of development under physiological conditions. We show how a decrease in the expression of P2X7R during brain development causes the receptor to play pathologic roles in adulthood. Moreover, we studied a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia and found that, at higher ATP concentrations, endogenous activation of P2X7R is necessary and sufficient for the development of positive and cognitive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mut-Arbona
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lumei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Baranyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Tod
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Iring
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Francesco Calzaferri
- Instituto-Fundación Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristobal de Los Ríos
- Instituto-Fundación Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beáta Sperlágh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Talvio K, Minkeviciene R, Townsley KG, Achuta VS, Huckins LM, Corcoran P, Brennand KJ, Castrén ML. Reduced LYNX1 expression in transcriptome of human iPSC-derived neural progenitors modeling fragile X syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1034679. [PMID: 36506088 PMCID: PMC9731341 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1034679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of FMR1 protein results in fragile X syndrome (FXS), which is the most common inherited intellectual disability syndrome and serves as an excellent model disease to study molecular mechanisms resulting in neuropsychiatric comorbidities. We compared the transcriptomes of human neural progenitors (NPCs) generated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of three FXS and three control male donors. Altered expression of RAD51C, PPIL3, GUCY1A2, MYD88, TRAPPC4, LYNX1, and GTF2A1L in FXS NPCs suggested changes related to triplet repeat instability, RNA splicing, testes development, and pathways previously shown to be affected in FXS. LYNX1 is a cholinergic brake of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-dependent plasticity, and its reduced expression was consistent with augmented tPA-dependent radial glial process growth in NPCs derived from FXS iPSC lines. There was evidence of human iPSC line donor-dependent variation reflecting potentially phenotypic variation. NPCs derived from an FXS male with concomitant epilepsy expressed differently several epilepsy-related genes, including genes shown to cause the auditory epilepsy phenotype in the murine model of FXS. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted regulation of insulin-like growth factor pathway in NPCs modeling FXS with epilepsy. Our results demonstrated potential of human iPSCs in disease modeling for discovery and development of therapeutic interventions by showing early gene expression changes in FXS iPSC-derived NPCs consistent with the known pathophysiological changes in FXS and by revealing disturbed FXS progenitor growth linked to reduced expression of LYNX1, suggesting dysregulated cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karo Talvio
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rimante Minkeviciene
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kayla G. Townsley
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Laura M. Huckins
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Padraic Corcoran
- Array and Analysis Facility, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristen J. Brennand
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States,Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Maija L. Castrén
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,*Correspondence: Maija L. Castrén,
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11
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Lopes AR, Moraes JS, Martins CDMG. Effects of the herbicide glyphosate on fish from embryos to adults: a review addressing behavior patterns and mechanisms behind them. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 251:106281. [PMID: 36103761 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of agrochemicals has grown in recent years following the increase in agricultural productivity, to eliminate weeds that can compromise crop yields. The intensive use of these products combined with the lack of treatment of agricultural wastewater is causing contamination of the natural environments, especially the aquatics. Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] is the most commonly used herbicide in agriculture worldwide. Studies have shown that this compound is toxic to a variety of fish species at the concentrations of environmental relevance. Glyphosate-based herbicides can affect fish biochemical, physiological, endocrine, and behavioral pathways. Changes in behaviors such as foraging, escaping from predators, and courtship can compromise the survival of species and even communities. The behavior patterns of fish has been shown to be a sensitive tool for risk assessment. In this sense, this review summarizes and discusses the toxic effects of glyphosate and its formulations on the behavior of fish in different life stages. Additionally, behavioral impairments were associated with other negative effects of glyphosate such as energy imbalance, stress responses, AChE inhibition, and physiological and endocrine disturbances, which are evidenced and described in the literature. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Rubim Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande RS, Brazil.
| | - Jenifer Silveira Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande RS, Brazil
| | - Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande RS, Brazil
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12
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Muderrisoglu A, Babaoglu E, Korkmaz ET, Kalkisim S, Karabulut E, Emri S, Babaoglu MO. Comparative Assessment of Outcomes in Drug Treatment for Smoking Cessation and Role of Genetic Polymorphisms of Human Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits. Front Genet 2022; 13:812715. [PMID: 35222535 PMCID: PMC8866864 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.812715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of genetic polymorphisms of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits α3, α4 and α5, which are encoded by CHRNA3, CHRNA4 CHRNA5 genes, respectively, on nicotine addiction and outcomes of pharmacological treatments for smoking cessation.Methods: A total of 143 smokers and 130 non-smokers were included. Genotyping for CHRNA3 rs578776, CHRNA4 rs1044396-rs1044397, CNRNA5 rs16969968 polymorphisms was performed by PCR, flowed by RFLP. Clinical outcomes and success rates of pharmacological treatments for smoking cessation with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion or varenicline were determined at the 12th week of the treatment.Results: Overall, 52 out of 143 (36.4%) smokers who received pharmacotherapy were able to quit smoking. Success rates for smoking cessation were similar for female (30.3%) and male (41.6%) subjects (p = 0.16). The success rate for smoking cessation treatment with varenicline (58.5%) was significantly higher as compared to other treatments with NRT (20.0%), bupropion (32.3%) or bupropion + NRT (40.0%) (chi-square test, p = 0.001). Smoker vs. non-smoker status and the clinical outcomes of drugs used for smoking cessation were found similar in subjects carrying wild-type and variant alleles of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α subunits.Conclusion: In this study, smoking cessation treatment with varenicline was significantly more effective than treatments with nicotine replacement or bupropion in a cohort of Turkish subjects. Smoker/non-smoker status and the clinical outcomes of treatment with pharmacological agents were similar in subjects with wild-type or variant alleles for human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits α3 (CHRNA3), α4 (CHRNA4) and α5 (CHRNA5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Muderrisoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Ahmet Muderrisoglu, , orcid.org/0000-0003-2954-360X
| | - Elif Babaoglu
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Tugce Korkmaz
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Said Kalkisim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Karabulut
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salih Emri
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melih O. Babaoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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13
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Sustkova-Fiserova M, Charalambous C, Khryakova A, Certilina A, Lapka M, Šlamberová R. The Role of Ghrelin/GHS-R1A Signaling in Nonalcohol Drug Addictions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:761. [PMID: 35054944 PMCID: PMC8776007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug addiction causes constant serious health, social, and economic burden within the human society. The current drug dependence pharmacotherapies, particularly relapse prevention, remain limited, unsatisfactory, unreliable for opioids and tobacco, and even symptomatic for stimulants and cannabinoids, thus, new more effective treatment strategies are researched. The antagonism of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor type A (GHS-R1A) has been recently proposed as a novel alcohol addiction treatment strategy, and it has been intensively studied in experimental models of other addictive drugs, such as nicotine, stimulants, opioids and cannabinoids. The role of ghrelin signaling in these drugs effects has also been investigated. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of preclinical and clinical studies focused on ghrelin's/GHS-R1A possible involvement in these nonalcohol addictive drugs reinforcing effects and addiction. Although the investigation is still in its early stage, majority of the existing reviewed experimental results from rodents with the addition of few human studies, that searched correlations between the genetic variations of the ghrelin signaling or the ghrelin blood content with the addictive drugs effects, have indicated the importance of the ghrelin's/GHS-R1As involvement in the nonalcohol abused drugs pro-addictive effects. Further research is necessary to elucidate the exact involved mechanisms and to verify the future potential utilization and safety of the GHS-R1A antagonism use for these drug addiction therapies, particularly for reducing the risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sustkova-Fiserova
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (A.K.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Chrysostomos Charalambous
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (A.K.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Anna Khryakova
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (A.K.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Alina Certilina
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (A.K.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Marek Lapka
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (A.K.); (A.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Romana Šlamberová
- Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 4, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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14
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Li ZL, Gou CY, Wang WH, Li Y, Cui Y, Duan JJ, Chen Y. A novel effect of PDLIM5 in α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor upregulation and surface expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:64. [PMID: 35013841 PMCID: PMC11072317 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04115-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widespread throughout the central nervous system. Signaling through nAChRs contributes to numerous higher-order functions, including memory and cognition, as well as abnormalities such as nicotine addiction and neurodegenerative disorders. Although recent studies indicate that the PDZ-containing proteins comprising PSD-95 family co-localize with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and mediate downstream signaling in the neurons, the mechanisms by which α7nAChRs are regulated remain unclear. Here, we show that the PDZ-LIM domain family protein PDLIM5 binds to α7nAChRs and plays a role in nicotine-induced α7nAChRs upregulation and surface expression. We find that chronic exposure to 1 μM nicotine upregulated α7, β2-contained nAChRs and PDLIM5 in cultured hippocampal neurons, and the upregulation of α7nAChRs and PDLIM5 is increased more on the cell membrane than the cytoplasm. Interestingly, in primary hippocampal neurons, α7nAChRs and β2nAChRs display distinct patterns of expression, with α7nAChRs colocalized more with PDLIM5. Furthermore, PDLIM5 interacts with α7nAChRs, but not β2nAChRs in native brain neurons. Knocking down of PDLIM5 in SH-SY5Y abolishes nicotine-induced upregulation of α7nAChRs. In primary hippocampal neurons, using shRNA against PDLIM5 decreased both surface clustering of α7nAChRs and α7nAChRs-mediated currents. Proteomics analysis and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) results show that PDLIM5 interacts with α7nAChRs through the PDZ domain, and the interaction between PDLIM5 and α7nAChRs can be promoted by nicotine. Collectively, our data suggest a novel cellular role of PDLIM5 in the regulation of α7nAChRs, which may be relevant to plastic changes in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lin Li
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Yu Gou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzho, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Wang
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzho, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cui
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Duan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzho, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Chen
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Pisapati AV, Cao W, Anderson KR, Jones G, Holick KH, Whiteaker P, Im W, Zhang XF, Miwa JM. Biophysical characterization of lynx-nicotinic receptor interactions using atomic force microscopy. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:1034-1042. [PMID: 34938964 PMCID: PMC8664008 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are broadly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, playing essential roles in cholinergic neurotransmission. The lynx family proteins, a subset of the Ly6/uPAR superfamily expressed in multiple brain regions, have been shown to bind to nAChRs and modulate their function via allosteric regulation. The binding interactions between lynx and nAChRs, however, have not been systematically quantified and compared. In this work, we characterized the interactions between lynx1 or lynx2 and α3β4- or α7-nAChRs using single-molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM technique allows the quantification of the off-rate of lynx-nAChR binding and of the energetic barrier width between the bound state and transition state, providing a biophysical means to compare the selectivity of lynx proteins for nAChR subtypes. Results indicate that lynx1 has a marginal preference for α7- over α3β4-nAChRs. Strikingly, lynx2 exhibits a two order of magnitude stronger affinity for α3β4- compared to α7-nAChRs. Together, the AFM assay serves as a valuable tool for the biophysical characterization of lynx-nAChR binding affinities. Revealing the differential affinities of lynx proteins for nAChR subtypes will help elucidate how lynx regulates nAChR-dependent functions in the brain, including nicotine addiction and other critical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avani V. Pisapati
- Department of BioengineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Wenpeng Cao
- Department of BioengineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Griffin Jones
- Department of Biological SciencesLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Paul Whiteaker
- Division of NeurobiologyBarrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical CenterLehigh UniversityPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - Wonpil Im
- Department of BioengineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Biological SciencesLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of ChemistryLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - X. Frank Zhang
- Department of BioengineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and MechanicsLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Julie M. Miwa
- Department of Biological SciencesLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
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16
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Sherafat Y, Chen E, Lallai V, Bautista M, Fowler JP, Chen YC, Miwa J, Fowler CD. Differential Expression Patterns of Lynx Proteins and Involvement of Lynx1 in Prepulse Inhibition. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:703748. [PMID: 34803621 PMCID: PMC8595198 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.703748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative allosteric modulators, such as lynx1 and lynx2, directly interact with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The nAChRs are integral to cholinergic signaling in the brain and have been shown to mediate different aspects of cognitive function. Given the interaction between lynx proteins and these receptors, we examined whether these endogenous negative allosteric modulators are involved in cognitive behaviors associated with cholinergic function. We found both cell-specific and overlapping expression patterns of lynx1 and lynx2 mRNA in brain regions associated with cognition, learning, memory, and sensorimotor processing, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), cingulate cortex, septum, hippocampus, amygdala, striatum, and pontine nuclei. Since lynx proteins are thought to play a role in conditioned associations and given the expression patterns across brain regions, we first assessed whether lynx knockout mice would differ in a cognitive flexibility task. We found no deficits in reversal learning in either the lynx1–/– or lynx2–/– knockout mice. Thereafter, sensorimotor gating was examined with the prepulse inhibition (PPI) assessment. Interestingly, we found that both male and female lynx1–/– mice exhibited a deficit in the PPI behavioral response. Given the comparable expression of lynx2 in regions involved in sensorimotor gating, we then examined whether removal of the lynx2 protein would lead to similar behavioral effects. Unexpectedly, we found that while male lynx2–/– mice exhibited a decrease in the baseline startle response, no differences were found in sensorimotor gating for either male or female lynx2–/– mice. Taken together, these studies provide insight into the expression patterns of lynx1 and lynx2 across multiple brain regions and illustrate the modulatory effects of the lynx1 protein in sensorimotor gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Sherafat
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Edison Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Valeria Lallai
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Malia Bautista
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - James P Fowler
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yen-Chu Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Julie Miwa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
| | - Christie D Fowler
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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17
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Elephants in the Dark: Insights and Incongruities in Pentameric Ligand-gated Ion Channel Models. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167128. [PMID: 34224751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The superfamily of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs) comprises key players in electrochemical signal transduction across evolution, including historic model systems for receptor allostery and targets for drug development. Accordingly, structural studies of these channels have steadily increased, and now approach 250 depositions in the protein data bank. This review contextualizes currently available structures in the pLGIC family, focusing on morphology, ligand binding, and gating in three model subfamilies: the prokaryotic channel GLIC, the cation-selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and the anion-selective glycine receptor. Common themes include the challenging process of capturing and annotating channels in distinct functional states; partially conserved gating mechanisms, including remodeling at the extracellular/transmembrane-domain interface; and diversity beyond the protein level, arising from posttranslational modifications, ligands, lipids, and signaling partners. Interpreting pLGIC structures can be compared to describing an elephant in the dark, relying on touch alone to comprehend the many parts of a monumental beast: each structure represents a snapshot in time under specific experimental conditions, which must be integrated with further structure, function, and simulations data to build a comprehensive model, and understand how one channel may fundamentally differ from another.
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18
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Loser D, Hinojosa MG, Blum J, Schaefer J, Brüll M, Johansson Y, Suciu I, Grillberger K, Danker T, Möller C, Gardner I, Ecker GF, Bennekou SH, Forsby A, Kraushaar U, Leist M. Functional alterations by a subgroup of neonicotinoid pesticides in human dopaminergic neurons. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2081-2107. [PMID: 33778899 PMCID: PMC8166715 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticides, originally developed to target the insect nervous system, have been reported to interact with human receptors and to activate rodent neurons. Therefore, we evaluated in how far these compounds may trigger signaling in human neurons, and thus, affect the human adult or developing nervous system. We used SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells as established model of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) signaling. In parallel, we profiled dopaminergic neurons, generated from LUHMES neuronal precursor cells, as novel system to study nAChR activation in human post-mitotic neurons. Changes of the free intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) were used as readout, and key findings were confirmed by patch clamp recordings. Nicotine triggered typical neuronal signaling responses that were blocked by antagonists, such as tubocurarine and mecamylamine. Pharmacological approaches suggested a functional expression of α7 and non-α7 nAChRs on LUHMES cells. In this novel test system, the neonicotinoids acetamiprid, imidacloprid, clothianidin and thiacloprid, but not thiamethoxam and dinotefuran, triggered [Ca2+]i signaling at 10-100 µM. Strong synergy of the active neonicotinoids (at low micromolar concentrations) with the α7 nAChR-positive allosteric modulator PNU-120596 was observed in LUHMES and SH-SY5Y cells, and specific antagonists fully inhibited such signaling. To provide a third line of evidence for neonicotinoid signaling via nAChR, we studied cross-desensitization: pretreatment of LUHMES and SH-SY5Y cells with active neonicotinoids (at 1-10 µM) blunted the signaling response of nicotine. The pesticides (at 3-30 µM) also blunted the response to the non-α7 agonist ABT 594 in LUHMES cells. These data show that human neuronal cells are functionally affected by low micromolar concentrations of several neonicotinoids. An effect of such signals on nervous system development is a toxicological concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Loser
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- NMI TT GmbH, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria G Hinojosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Blum
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jasmin Schaefer
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- NMI TT GmbH, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Markus Brüll
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ylva Johansson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilinca Suciu
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Karin Grillberger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Timm Danker
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- NMI TT GmbH, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Clemens Möller
- Life Sciences Faculty, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, 72488, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Iain Gardner
- CERTARA UK Limited, Simcyp Division, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield, S1 2BJ, UK
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Anna Forsby
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Udo Kraushaar
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.
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Muderrisoglu A, Babaoglu E, Korkmaz ET, Ongun MC, Karabulut E, Iskit AB, Emri S, Babaoglu MO. Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms of Drug Transporter ABCB1 (MDR1) and Cytochrome P450 Enzymes CYP2A6, CYP2B6 on Nicotine Addiction and Smoking Cessation. Front Genet 2020; 11:571997. [PMID: 33329709 PMCID: PMC7734344 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.571997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine the effects of genetic polymorphisms of ABCB1 (MDR1), CYP2A6, CYP2B6 on smoking status, and clinical outcomes of smoking cessation therapies in a Turkish population. Methods 130 smokers and 130 non-smokers were recruited. Individuals who never smoked were described as non-smokers. 130 smokers were treated with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) (n = 40), bupropion (n = 47), bupropion + NRT (n = 15), and varenicline (n = 28). Smokers were checked by phone after 12 weeks of treatment whether they were able to quit smoking or not. Genotyping and phenotyping were performed. Results Cessation rates were as follows; 20.0% for NRT, 29.8% for bupropion, 40.0% for bupropion + NRT, 57.1% for varenicline (p = 0.013). The frequency of ABCB1 1236TT-2677TT-3435TT haplotype was significantly higher in non-smokers as compared to smokers (21.5% vs. 10.8, respectively; p = 0.018). Neither smoking status nor smoking cessation rates were associated with genetic variants of CYP2A6 (p = 0.652, p = 0.328, respectively), or variants of CYP2B6 (p = 0.514, p = 0.779, respectively). Conclusion Genetic variants of the drug transporter ABCB1 and the 1236TT-2677TT-3435TT haplotype was significantly associated with non-smoking status. Neither ABCB1 nor CYP2A6, CYP2B6 genetic variants were associated with smoking cessation rates at the 12th week of drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Muderrisoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Babaoglu
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Tugce Korkmaz
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert C Ongun
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Karabulut
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alper B Iskit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salih Emri
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melih O Babaoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Mahmood HM, Aldhalaan HM, Alshammari TK, Alqasem MA, Alshammari MA, Albekairi NA, AlSharari SD. The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model. Autism Res 2020; 13:1311-1334. [PMID: 32691528 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic receptors are distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. Postmortem studies have reported that some nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic people. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the autistic behavior of BTBR T + tf/J mouse model of autism. This study was undertaken to examine the behavioral effects of targeted nAChRs using pharmacological ligands, including nicotine and mecamylamine in BTBR T + tf/J and C57BL/6J mice in a panel of behavioral tests relating to autism. These behavioral tests included the three-chamber social interaction, self-grooming, marble burying, locomotor activity, and rotarod test. We examined the effect of various oral doses of nicotine (50, 100, and 400 mcg/mL; po) over a period of 2 weeks in BTBR T + tf/J mouse model. The results indicated that the chronic administration of nicotine modulated sociability and repetitive behavior in BTBR T + tf/J mice while no effects observed in C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, the nonselective nAChR antagonist, mecamylamine, reversed nicotine effects on sociability and increased repetitive behaviors in BTBR T + tf/J mice. Overall, the findings indicate that the pharmacological modulation of nicotinic receptors is involved in modulating core behavioral phenotypes in the BTBR T + tf/J mouse model. LAY SUMMARY: The involvement of brain nicotinic neurotransmission system plays a crucial role in regulating autism-related behavioral features. In addition, the brain of the autistic-like mouse model has a low acetylcholine level. Here, we report that nicotine, at certain doses, improved sociability and reduced repetitive behaviors in a mouse model of autism, implicating the potential therapeutic values of a pharmacological intervention targeting nicotinic receptors for autism therapy. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1311-1334. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz M Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Aldhalaan
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Autism Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani K Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael A Alqasem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaad A Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir D AlSharari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Zhaori G. Professor Robert Freedman and his contributions to psychiatric research. Pediatr Investig 2020; 4:73-76. [PMID: 32851347 PMCID: PMC7331399 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Getu Zhaori
- Editorial OfficePediatric InvestigationBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
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22
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Houchat JN, Cartereau A, Le Mauff A, Taillebois E, Thany SH. An Overview on the Effect of Neonicotinoid Insecticides on Mammalian Cholinergic Functions through the Activation of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093222. [PMID: 32384754 PMCID: PMC7246883 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides are used worldwide and have been demonstrated as toxic to beneficial insects such as honeybees. Their effectiveness is predominantly attributed to their high affinity for insect neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Mammalian neuronal nAChRs are of major importance because cholinergic synaptic transmission plays a key role in rapid neurotransmission, learning and memory processes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Because of the low agonist effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian neuronal nAChRs, it has been suggested that they are relatively safe for mammals, including humans. However, several lines of evidence have demonstrated that neonicotinoid insecticides can modulate cholinergic functions through neuronal nAChRs. Major studies on the influence of neonicotinoid insecticides on cholinergic functions have been conducted using nicotine low-affinity homomeric α7 and high-affinity heteromeric α4β2 receptors, as they are the most abundant in the nervous system. It has been found that the neonicotinoids thiamethoxam and clothianidin can activate the release of dopamine in rat striatum. In some contexts, such as neurodegenerative diseases, they can disturb the neuronal distribution or induce oxidative stress, leading to neurotoxicity. This review highlights recent studies on the mode of action of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian neuronal nAChRs and cholinergic functions.
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23
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An Overview of Nicotinic Cholinergic System Signaling in Neurogenesis. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:287-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Lester HA, Dougherty DA. Nicotine Bound to Its Receptors: New Structures for a Vexing Pathopharmacological Problem. Neuron 2020; 104:431-432. [PMID: 31697916 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Neuron, Gharpure et al. (2019) nearly complete atomic-level descriptions for binding, permeation, and subunit interactions at the two major heteropentameric nicotinic receptors-those governing nicotine's rewarding and aversive effects. Can we finally design highly selective and useful nicotinic drugs?
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry A Lester
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Dennis A Dougherty
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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25
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Bandiera S, Almeida FB, Hansen AW, Pulcinelli RR, Caletti G, de Paula LF, Nin MS, Fontella FU, Almeida RF, Tannhauser Barros HM, Gomez R. Combined use of alcohol and cigarette increases locomotion and glutamate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid without changes on GABAA or NMDA receptor subunit mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. Behav Brain Res 2020; 380:112444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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van Hout M, Valdes A, Christensen SB, Tran PT, Watkins M, Gajewiak J, Jensen AA, Olivera BM, McIntosh JM. α-Conotoxin VnIB from Conus ventricosus is a potent and selective antagonist of α6β4* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Neuropharmacology 2019; 157:107691. [PMID: 31255696 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
α6-containing (α6*) nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed throughout the periphery and the central nervous system and constitute putative therapeutic targets in pain, addiction and movement disorders. The α6β2* nAChRs are relatively well studied, in part due to the availability of target specific α-conotoxins (α-Ctxs). In contrast, all native α-Ctxs identified that potently block α6β4 nAChRs exhibit higher potencies for the closely related α6β2β3 and/or α3β4 subtypes. In this study, we have identified a novel peptide from Conus ventricosus with pronounced selectivity for the α6β4 nAChR. The peptide-encoding gene was cloned from genomic DNA and the predicted mature peptide, α-Ctx VnIB, was synthesized. The functional properties of VnIB were characterized at rat and human nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes by two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology. VnIB potently inhibited ACh-evoked currents at rα6β4 and rα6/α3β4 nAChRs, displayed ∼20-fold and ∼250-fold lower potencies at rα3β4 and rα6/α3β2β3 receptors, respectively, and exhibited negligible effects at eight other nAChR subtypes. Interestingly, even higher degrees of selectivity were observed for hα6/α3β4 over hα6/α3β2β3 and hα3β4 receptors. Finally, VnIB displayed fast binding kinetics at rα6/α3β4 (on-rate t½ = 0.87 min-1, off-rate t½ = 2.7 min-1). The overall preference of VnIB for β4* over β2* nAChRs is similar to the selectivity profiles of other 4/6 α-Ctxs. However, in contrast to previously identified native α-Ctxs targeting α6* nAChRs, VnIB displays pronounced selectivity for α6β4 nAChRs over both α3β4 and α6β2β3 receptors. VnIB thus represents a novel molecular probe for elucidating the physiological role and therapeutic properties of α6β4* nAChRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes van Hout
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Amanda Valdes
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sean B Christensen
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Phuong T Tran
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Maren Watkins
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Joanna Gajewiak
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Anders A Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - J Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA; George E. Wahlen Veterans Affair Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, 84148, USA.
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27
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α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor upregulation by anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2746. [PMID: 31227712 PMCID: PMC6588605 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) mediate and modulate synaptic transmission throughout the brain, and contribute to learning, memory, and behavior. Dysregulation of α7-type nAChRs in neuropsychiatric as well as immunological and oncological diseases makes them attractive targets for pharmaceutical development. Recently, we identified NACHO as an essential chaperone for α7 nAChRs. Leveraging the robust recombinant expression of α7 nAChRs with NACHO, we utilized genome-wide cDNA library screening and discovered that several anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins further upregulate receptor assembly and cell surface expression. These effects are mediated by an intracellular motif on α7 that resembles the BH3 binding domain of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, and can be blocked by BH3 mimetic Bcl-2 inhibitors. Overexpression of Bcl-2 member Mcl-1 in neurons enhanced surface expression of endogenous α7 nAChRs, while a combination of chemotherapeutic Bcl2-inhibitors suppressed neuronal α7 receptor assembly. These results demonstrate that Bcl-2 proteins link α7 nAChR assembly to cell survival pathways. The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) plays a major role in shaping the activity of neuronal circuits and contributes to the pathophysiology of several neurological disorders. Following cDNA library screening, the authors identify anti-apoptotic, Bcl-2 family proteins as enhancers of α7 nAChR assembly, acting through an intracellular BH3-like domain during receptor biogenesis in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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28
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Shivange AV, Borden PM, Muthusamy AK, Nichols AL, Bera K, Bao H, Bishara I, Jeon J, Mulcahy MJ, Cohen B, O'Riordan SL, Kim C, Dougherty DA, Chapman ER, Marvin JS, Looger LL, Lester HA. Determining the pharmacokinetics of nicotinic drugs in the endoplasmic reticulum using biosensors. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:738-757. [PMID: 30718376 PMCID: PMC6571994 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine dependence is thought to arise in part because nicotine permeates into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it binds to nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) and begins an "inside-out" pathway that leads to up-regulation of nAChRs on the plasma membrane. However, the dynamics of nicotine entry into the ER are unquantified. Here, we develop a family of genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors for nicotine, termed iNicSnFRs. The iNicSnFRs are fusions between two proteins: a circularly permutated GFP and a periplasmic choline-/betaine-binding protein engineered to bind nicotine. The biosensors iNicSnFR3a and iNicSnFR3b respond to nicotine by increasing fluorescence at [nicotine] <1 µM, the concentration in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of a smoker. We target iNicSnFR3 biosensors either to the plasma membrane or to the ER and measure nicotine kinetics in HeLa, SH-SY5Y, N2a, and HEK293 cell lines, as well as mouse hippocampal neurons and human stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons. In all cell types, we find that nicotine equilibrates in the ER within 10 s (possibly within 1 s) of extracellular application and leaves as rapidly after removal from the extracellular solution. The [nicotine] in the ER is within twofold of the extracellular value. We use these data to run combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic simulations of human smoking. In the ER, the inside-out pathway begins when nicotine becomes a stabilizing pharmacological chaperone for some nAChR subtypes, even at concentrations as low as ∼10 nM. Such concentrations would persist during the 12 h of a typical smoker's day, continually activating the inside-out pathway by >75%. Reducing nicotine intake by 10-fold decreases activation to ∼20%. iNicSnFR3a and iNicSnFR3b also sense the smoking cessation drug varenicline, revealing that varenicline also permeates into the ER within seconds. Our iNicSnFRs enable optical subcellular pharmacokinetics for nicotine and varenicline during an early event in the inside-out pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol V Shivange
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
| | - Philip M Borden
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
| | - Anand K Muthusamy
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Aaron L Nichols
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Kallol Bera
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Huan Bao
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Ishak Bishara
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Janice Jeon
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Matthew J Mulcahy
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Bruce Cohen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Saidhbhe L O'Riordan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Charlene Kim
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Dennis A Dougherty
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
| | - Edwin R Chapman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Jonathan S Marvin
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
| | - Loren L Looger
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
| | - Henry A Lester
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA
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29
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McManus OB, Werley CA, Dempsey GT. Inhale, exhale: Probing the inside-out mechanism of nicotine addiction using novel fluorescent sensors. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:714-717. [PMID: 30902836 PMCID: PMC6571992 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201912325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
McManus, Werley, and Dempsey highlight new work showing that nicotine rapidly equilibrates in the ER after extracellular application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen B McManus
- Q-State Biosciences, Cambridge, MA
- QuellTx, Cambridge, MA
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30
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Hoffman MC, Olincy A, D'Alessandro A, Reisz JA, Hansen KC, Hunter SK, Freedman R, Ross RG. Effects of phosphatidylcholine and betaine supplements on women's serum choline. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2019; 16:100094. [PMID: 36330042 PMCID: PMC9629794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2019.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal phosphatidylcholine supplements have shown benefit in the development of the human fetal brain, as assessed both by newborn physiological measurements and by a related decrease in later childhood behavioral abnormalities. However, the relatively low choline component of phosphatidylcholine mandates high doses that are difficult for pregnant women to consume. Objective Betaine can substitute for some choline effects. The hypothesis was that betaine supplementation would significantly increase women's serum choline. Design A three-arm crossover clinical trial was used to assess serum concentrations of choline after betaine supplements at two doses, in comparison with phosphatidylcholine supplementation. The effects of both a single dose and of one-week twice-daily doses were assessed in normal non-pregnant women. Results Betaine supplements at two doses failed to increase serum choline concentrations after single administration or one-week twice-daily dosing. Phosphatidylcholine supplements raised choline concentrations after both single doses (mean change from baseline 8.34 ± 7.29 ng/ml, paired t = 3.24, df 7, p = 0.014, range 1-21 ng/ml, d' = 1.15) and one-week twice-daily doses (mean change from baseline 4.58 ± 3.68 ng/ml standard deviation; paired t = 3.51, df 7, p < 0.001, range 2-13 ng/ml, d' = 2.65). Betaine concentrations rose after both betaine and phosphatidylcholine supplementation. Conclusions Betaine supplements did not substitute for phosphatidylcholine supplements, which raise serum choline concentrations both after a single dose and after repeated administration. However, serum betaine concentrations did rise after both betaine and phosphatidylcholine consumption and, therefore, betaine may be a stable indicator of choline intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Camille Hoffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MCH), Psychiatry (MCH, AO, SKH, RF, RGR and Biochemistry Molecular Genetics (AD’A, JAR, KCH), University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA
| | - Ann Olincy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MCH), Psychiatry (MCH, AO, SKH, RF, RGR and Biochemistry Molecular Genetics (AD’A, JAR, KCH), University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MCH), Psychiatry (MCH, AO, SKH, RF, RGR and Biochemistry Molecular Genetics (AD’A, JAR, KCH), University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA
| | - Julie A. Reisz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MCH), Psychiatry (MCH, AO, SKH, RF, RGR and Biochemistry Molecular Genetics (AD’A, JAR, KCH), University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kirk C. Hansen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MCH), Psychiatry (MCH, AO, SKH, RF, RGR and Biochemistry Molecular Genetics (AD’A, JAR, KCH), University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA
| | - Sharon K. Hunter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MCH), Psychiatry (MCH, AO, SKH, RF, RGR and Biochemistry Molecular Genetics (AD’A, JAR, KCH), University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA
| | - Robert Freedman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MCH), Psychiatry (MCH, AO, SKH, RF, RGR and Biochemistry Molecular Genetics (AD’A, JAR, KCH), University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA
| | - Randal G. Ross
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MCH), Psychiatry (MCH, AO, SKH, RF, RGR and Biochemistry Molecular Genetics (AD’A, JAR, KCH), University of Colorado School of Medicine, USA
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Miwa JM, Anderson KR, Hoffman KM. Lynx Prototoxins: Roles of Endogenous Mammalian Neurotoxin-Like Proteins in Modulating Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function to Influence Complex Biological Processes. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:343. [PMID: 31114495 PMCID: PMC6502960 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic system modulates many biological functions, due to the widespread distribution of cholinergic neuronal terminals, and the diffuse release of its neurotransmitter, acetylcholine. Several layers of regulation help to refine and control the scope of this excitatory neurotransmitter system. One such regulatory mechanism is imparted through endogenous toxin-like proteins, prototoxins, which largely control the function of nicotinic receptors of the cholinergic system. Prototoxins and neurotoxins share the distinct three finger toxin fold, highly effective as a receptor binding protein, and the former are expressed in the mammalian brain, immune system, epithelium, etc. Prototoxins and elapid snake neurotoxins appear to be related through gene duplication and divergence from a common ancestral gene. Protein modulators can provide a graded response of the cholinergic system, and within the brain, stabilize neural circuitry through direct interaction with nicotinic receptors. Understanding the roles of each prototoxin (e.g., lynx1, lynx2/lypd1, PSCA, SLURP1, SLURP2, Lypd6, lypd6b, lypdg6e, PATE-M, PATE-B, etc.), their binding specificity and unique expression profile, has the potential to uncover many fascinating cholinergic-dependent mechanisms in the brain. Each family member can provide a spatially restricted level of control over nAChR function based on its expression in the brain. Due to the difficulty in the pharmacological targeting of nicotinic receptors in the brain as a result of widespread expression patterns and similarities in receptor sequences, unique interfaces between prototoxin and nicotinic receptor could provide more specific targeting than nicotinic receptors alone. As such, this family is intriguing from a long-term therapeutic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Miwa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
| | - Kristin R Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
| | - Katie M Hoffman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
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32
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Fowler CD, Turner JR, Imad Damaj M. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Nicotine Pharmacology and Dependence. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 258:373-393. [PMID: 31267166 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco dependence is a leading cause of preventable disease and death worldwide. Nicotine, the main psychoactive component in tobacco cigarettes, has also been garnering increased popularity in its vaporized form, as derived from e-cigarette devices. Thus, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying nicotine pharmacology and dependence is required to ascertain novel approaches to treat drug dependence. In this chapter, we review the field's current understanding of nicotine's actions in the brain, the neurocircuitry underlying drug dependence, factors that modulate the function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and the role of specific genes in mitigating the vulnerability to develop nicotine dependence. In addition to nicotine's direct actions in the brain, other constituents in nicotine and tobacco products have also been found to alter drug use, and thus, evidence is provided to highlight this issue. Finally, currently available pharmacotherapeutic strategies are discussed, along with an outlook for future therapeutic directions to achieve to the goal of long-term nicotine cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie D Fowler
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jill R Turner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. .,Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy at VCU, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Designing Hybrids Targeting the Cholinergic System by Modulating the Muscarinic and Nicotinic Receptors: A Concept to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123230. [PMID: 30544533 PMCID: PMC6320942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic hypothesis has been reported first being the cause of memory dysfunction in the Alzheimer's disease. Researchers around the globe have focused their attention on understanding the mechanisms of how this complicated system contributes to processes such as learning, memory, disorientation, linguistic problems, and behavioral issues in the indicated chronic neurodegenerative disease. The present review reports recent updates in hybrid molecule design as a strategy for selectively addressing multiple target proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the study of their therapeutic relevance. The rationale and the design of the bifunctional compounds will be discussed in order to understand their potential as tools to investigate the role of the cholinergic system in AD.
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34
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Startek JB, Voets T, Talavera K. To flourish or perish: evolutionary TRiPs into the sensory biology of plant-herbivore interactions. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:213-236. [PMID: 30229297 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between plants and their herbivores are highly complex systems generating on one side an extraordinary diversity of plant protection mechanisms and on the other side sophisticated consumer feeding strategies. Herbivores have evolved complex, integrative sensory systems that allow them to distinguish between food sources having mere bad flavors from the actually toxic ones. These systems are based on the senses of taste, olfaction and somatosensation in the oral and nasal cavities, and on post-ingestive chemosensory mechanisms. The potential ability of plant defensive chemical traits to induce tissue damage in foragers is mainly encoded in the latter through chemesthetic sensations such as burning, pain, itch, irritation, tingling, and numbness, all of which induce innate aversive behavioral responses. Here, we discuss the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the chemosensory mechanisms that are at the core of complex and fascinating plant-herbivore ecological networks. We review how "sensory" TRPs are activated by a myriad of plant-derived compounds, leading to cation influx, membrane depolarization, and excitation of sensory nerve fibers of the oronasal cavities in mammals and bitter-sensing cells in insects. We also illustrate how TRP channel expression patterns and functionalities vary between species, leading to intriguing evolutionary adaptations to the specific habitats and life cycles of individual organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. .,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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36
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Rauthan M, Gong J, Liu J, Li Z, Wescott SA, Liu J, Xu XZS. MicroRNA Regulation of nAChR Expression and Nicotine-Dependent Behavior in C. elegans. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1434-1441. [PMID: 29117550 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to nicotine upregulates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and such upregulation is critical for the development of nicotine dependence in humans and animal models. However, how nicotine upregulates nAChRs is not well understood. Here, we identify a key role for microRNA in regulating nicotine-dependent behavior by modulating nAChR expression in C. elegans. We show that the nAChR gene acr-19 and alg-1, a key Argonaute-family member in the microRNA machinery, are specifically required for nicotine withdrawal response following chronic nicotine treatment. Chronic exposure to nicotine downregulates alg-1, leading to upregulation of acr-19. This effect is mediated by the microRNA miR-238 that recognizes the 3' UTR of acr-19 transcript. Our results unveil a previously unrecognized role for microRNA in nicotine signaling, providing insights into how chronic nicotine administration leads to upregulation of nAChR and ultimately nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Rauthan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianke Gong
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jinzhi Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Zhaoyu Li
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Seth A Wescott
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - X Z Shawn Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Pless SA, Sivilotti LG. A tale of ligands big and small: an update on how pentameric ligand-gated ion channels interact with agonists and proteins. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 2:19-26. [PMID: 31231710 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs, also known as Cys-loop receptors) are a large family of ion channels expressed in all Bilateria and in several groups of bacteria and archaea. They are activated by small-molecule neurotransmitters to mediate fast transmission at many central and peripheral nervous system synapses and are the target of several drugs and insecticides. Here we review recent advances in the field, focussing on new insights on the structure of the agonist-binding site and on newly discovered protein-protein interactions involving pLGICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan A Pless
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lucia G Sivilotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Kiguchi N, Kobayashi D, Saika F, Matsuzaki S, Kishioka S. Inhibition of peripheral macrophages by nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists suppresses spinal microglial activation and neuropathic pain in mice with peripheral nerve injury. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:96. [PMID: 29587798 PMCID: PMC5872578 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuro–immune interaction underlies chronic neuroinflammation and aberrant sensory processing resulting in neuropathic pain. Despite the pathological significance of both neuroinflammation-driven peripheral sensitization and spinal sensitization, the functional relationship between these two distinct events has not been understood. Methods In this study, we determined whether inhibition of inflammatory macrophages by administration of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists improves neuropathic pain and affects microglial activation in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) in mice following partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSL). Expression levels of neuroinflammatory molecules were evaluated by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry, and PSL-induced mechanical allodynia was defined by the von Frey test. Results Flow cytometry revealed that CD11b+ F4/80+ macrophages were accumulated in the injured sciatic nerve (SCN) after PSL. TC-2559, a full agonist for α4β2 nAChR, suppressed the upregulation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the injured SCN after PSL and attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced upregulation of IL-1β in cultured macrophages. Systemic (subcutaneous, s.c.) administration of TC-2559 during either the early (days 0–3) or middle/late (days 7–10) phase of PSL improved mechanical allodynia. Moreover, local (perineural, p.n.) administration of TC-2559 and sazetidine A, a partial agonist for α4β2 nAChR, during either the early or middle phase of PSL improved mechanical allodynia. However, p.n. administration of sazetidine A during the late (days 21–24) phase did not show the attenuating effect, whereas p.n. administration of TC-2559 during this phase relieved mechanical allodynia. Most importantly, p.n. administration of TC-2559 significantly suppressed morphological activation of Iba1+ microglia and decreased the upregulation of inflammatory microglia-dominant molecules, such as CD68, interferon regulatory factor 5, and IL-1β in the SDH after PSL. Conclusion These findings support the notion that pharmacological inhibition of inflammatory macrophages using an α4β2 nAChR agonist exhibit a wide therapeutic window on neuropathic pain after nerve injury, and it could be nominated as a novel pharmacotherapy to relieve intractable pain. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1133-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Kiguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama city, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan.
| | - Daichi Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama city, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Saika
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama city, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Matsuzaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama city, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
| | - Shiroh Kishioka
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama city, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan
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Bhatt PC, Pathak S, Kumar V, Panda BP. Attenuation of neurobehavioral and neurochemical abnormalities in animal model of cognitive deficits of Alzheimer's disease by fermented soybean nanonutraceutical. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:105-118. [PMID: 28791538 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0381-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of nanonutraceuticals (NN) for attenuation of neurobehavioral and neurochemical abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease. Solid-state fermentation of soybean with Bacillus subtilis was performed to produce different metabolites (nattokinase, daidzin, genistin and glycitin and menaquinone-7). Intoxication of rats with colchicine caused impairment in learning and memory which was demonstrated in neurobehavioral paradigms (Morris water maze and passive avoidance) linked with decreased activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). NN treatment led to a significant increase in TLT in the retention trials as compared to acquisition trial TLT suggesting an improved learning and memory in rats. Further, treatment of NN caused an increase in the activity of AChE (42%), accompanied with a reduced activity of glutathione (42%), superoxide dismutase (43%) and catalase (41%). It also decreased the level of lipid peroxidation (28%) and protein carbonyl contents (30%) in hippocampus as compared to those treated with colchicine alone, suggesting a possible neuroprotective efficacy of NN. Interestingly, in silico studies also demonstrated an effective amyloid-β and BACE-1 inhibition activity. These findings clearly indicated that NN reversed colchicine-induced behavioral and neurochemical alterations through potent antioxidant activity and could possibly impart beneficial effects in cognitive defects associated with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chandra Bhatt
- Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Shruti Pathak
- Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health & Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211007, India
| | - Bibhu Prasad Panda
- Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Kiguchi N, Kobayashi D, Saika F, Matsuzaki S, Kishioka S. Pharmacological Regulation of Neuropathic Pain Driven by Inflammatory Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112296. [PMID: 29104252 PMCID: PMC5713266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain can have a major effect on quality of life but current therapies are often inadequate. Growing evidence suggests that neuropathic pain induced by nerve damage is caused by chronic inflammation. Upon nerve injury, damaged cells secrete pro-inflammatory molecules that activate cells in the surrounding tissue and recruit circulating leukocytes to the site of injury. Among these, the most abundant cell type is macrophages, which produce several key molecules involved in pain enhancement, including cytokines and chemokines. Given their central role in the regulation of peripheral sensitization, macrophage-derived cytokines and chemokines could be useful targets for the development of novel therapeutics. Inhibition of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines prevents neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain; moreover, recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of pharmacological inhibition of inflammatory (M1) macrophages. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands and T helper type 2 cytokines that reduce M1 macrophages are able to relieve neuropathic pain. Future translational studies in non-human primates will be crucial for determining the regulatory mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation-associated neuropathic pain. In turn, this knowledge will assist in the development of novel pharmacotherapies targeting macrophage-driven neuroinflammation for the treatment of intractable neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Kiguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
| | - Daichi Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
| | - Fumihiro Saika
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Matsuzaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
| | - Shiroh Kishioka
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
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Tarren JR, Lester HA, Belmer A, Bartlett SE. Acute Ethanol Administration Upregulates Synaptic α4-Subunit of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors within the Nucleus Accumbens and Amygdala. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:338. [PMID: 29114204 PMCID: PMC5660714 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol and nicotine are two of the most frequently abused drugs, with their comorbidity well described. Previous data show that chronic exposure to nicotine upregulates high-affinity nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in several brain areas. Effects of ethanol on specific brain nAChR subtypes within the mesolimbic dopaminergic (DA) pathway may be a key element in the comorbidity of ethanol and nicotine. However, it is unknown how alcohol affects the abundance of these receptor proteins. In the present study, we measured the effect of acute binge ethanol on nAChR α4 subunit levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and amygdala (Amg) by western blot analysis using a knock-in mouse line, generated with a normally functioning α4 nAChR subunit tagged with yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). We observed a robust increase in α4-YFP subunit levels in the NAc and the Amg following acute ethanol, with no changes in the PFC and VTA. To further investigate whether this upregulation was mediated by increased local mRNA transcription, we quantified mRNA levels of the Chrna4 gene using qRT-PCR. We found no effect of ethanol on α4 mRNA expression, suggesting that the upregulation of α4 protein rather occurs post-translationally. The quantitative counting of YFP immunoreactive puncta further revealed that α4-YFP protein is upregulated in presynaptic boutons of the dopaminergic axons projecting to the shell and the core regions of the NAc as well as to the basolateral amygdala (BLA), but not to the central or lateral Amg. Together, our results demonstrate that a single exposure to binge ethanol upregulates level of synaptic α4∗ nAChRs in dopaminergic inputs to the NAc and BLA. This upregulation could be linked to the functional dysregulation of dopaminergic signalling observed during the development of alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine R Tarren
- Translational Research Institute, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Henry A Lester
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Arnauld Belmer
- Translational Research Institute, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Selena E Bartlett
- Translational Research Institute, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Nemecz Á, Prevost MS, Menny A, Corringer PJ. Emerging Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Transduction in Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels. Neuron 2017; 90:452-70. [PMID: 27151638 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine, serotonin type 3, γ-amminobutyric acid type A, and glycine receptors are major players of human neuronal communication. They belong to the family of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels, sharing a highly conserved modular 3D structure. Recently, high-resolution structures of both open- and closed-pore conformations have been solved for a bacterial, an invertebrate, and a vertebrate receptor in this family. These data suggest that a common gating mechanism occurs, coupling neurotransmitter binding to pore opening, but they also pinpoint significant differences among subtypes. In this Review, we summarize the structural and functional data in light of these gating models and speculate about their mechanistic consequences on ion permeation, pathological mutations, as well as functional regulation by orthosteric and allosteric effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Nemecz
- Channel-Receptors Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3571, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie S Prevost
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Anaïs Menny
- Channel-Receptors Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3571, 75015 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Cellule Pasteur, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Corringer
- Channel-Receptors Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3571, 75015 Paris, France.
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Systemic Nicotine Increases Gain and Narrows Receptive Fields in A1 via Integrated Cortical and Subcortical Actions. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0192-17. [PMID: 28660244 PMCID: PMC5480142 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0192-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine enhances sensory and cognitive processing via actions at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), yet the precise circuit- and systems-level mechanisms remain unclear. In sensory cortex, nicotinic modulation of receptive fields (RFs) provides a model to probe mechanisms by which nAChRs regulate cortical circuits. Here, we examine RF modulation in mouse primary auditory cortex (A1) using a novel electrophysiological approach: current-source density (CSD) analysis of responses to tone-in-notched-noise (TINN) acoustic stimuli. TINN stimuli consist of a tone at the characteristic frequency (CF) of the recording site embedded within a white noise stimulus filtered to create a spectral “notch” of variable width centered on CF. Systemic nicotine (2.1 mg/kg) enhanced responses to the CF tone and to narrow-notch stimuli, yet reduced the response to wider-notch stimuli, indicating increased response gain within a narrowed RF. Subsequent manipulations showed that modulation of cortical RFs by systemic nicotine reflected effects at several levels in the auditory pathway: nicotine suppressed responses in the auditory midbrain and thalamus, with suppression increasing with spectral distance from CF so that RFs became narrower, and facilitated responses in the thalamocortical pathway, while nicotinic actions within A1 further contributed to both suppression and facilitation. Thus, multiple effects of systemic nicotine integrate along the ascending auditory pathway. These actions at nAChRs in cortical and subcortical circuits, which mimic effects of auditory attention, likely contribute to nicotinic enhancement of sensory and cognitive processing.
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Xiao C, Cho JR, Zhou C, Treweek JB, Chan K, McKinney SL, Yang B, Gradinaru V. Cholinergic Mesopontine Signals Govern Locomotion and Reward through Dissociable Midbrain Pathways. Neuron 2017; 90:333-47. [PMID: 27100197 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The mesopontine tegmentum, including the pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei (PPN and LDT), provides major cholinergic inputs to midbrain and regulates locomotion and reward. To delineate the underlying projection-specific circuit mechanisms, we employed optogenetics to control mesopontine cholinergic neurons at somata and at divergent projections within distinct midbrain areas. Bidirectional manipulation of PPN cholinergic cell bodies exerted opposing effects on locomotor behavior and reinforcement learning. These motor and reward effects were separable via limiting photostimulation to PPN cholinergic terminals in the ventral substantia nigra pars compacta (vSNc) or to the ventral tegmental area (VTA), respectively. LDT cholinergic neurons also form connections with vSNc and VTA neurons; however, although photo-excitation of LDT cholinergic terminals in the VTA caused positive reinforcement, LDT-to-vSNc modulation did not alter locomotion or reward. Therefore, the selective targeting of projection-specific mesopontine cholinergic pathways may offer increased benefit in treating movement and addiction disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xiao
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jounhong Ryan Cho
- Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Chunyi Zhou
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jennifer B Treweek
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ken Chan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Sheri L McKinney
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Viviana Gradinaru
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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Dutertre S, Nicke A, Tsetlin VI. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor inhibitors derived from snake and snail venoms. Neuropharmacology 2017. [PMID: 28623170 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) represents the prototype of ligand-gated ion channels. It is vital for neuromuscular transmission and an important regulator of neurotransmission. A variety of toxic compounds derived from diverse species target this receptor and have been of elemental importance in basic and applied research. They enabled milestone discoveries in pharmacology and biochemistry ranging from the original formulation of the receptor concept, the first isolation and structural analysis of a receptor protein (the nAChR) to the identification, localization, and differentiation of its diverse subtypes and their validation as a target for therapeutic intervention. Among the venom-derived compounds, α-neurotoxins and α-conotoxins provide the largest families and still represent indispensable pharmacological tools. Application of modified α-neurotoxins provided substantial structural and functional details of the nAChR long before high resolution structures were available. α-bungarotoxin represents not only a standard pharmacological tool and label in nAChR research but also for unrelated proteins tagged with a minimal α-bungarotoxin binding motif. A major advantage of α-conotoxins is their smaller size, as well as superior selectivity for diverse nAChR subtypes that allows their development into ligands with optimized pharmacological and chemical properties and potentially novel drugs. In the following, these two groups of nAChR antagonists will be described focusing on their respective roles in the structural and functional characterization of nAChRs and their development into research tools. In addition, we provide a comparative overview of the diverse α-conotoxin selectivities that can serve as a practical guide for both structure activity studies and subtype classification. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Venom-derived Peptides as Pharmacological Tools.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Dutertre
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Université Montpellier - CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Nußbaumstr. 26, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Victor I Tsetlin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya str.16/10, Moscow 117999, Russian Federation
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Zhou X, Cheng Y, Zhang R, Li G, Yang B, Zhang S, Wu J. Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist promotes retinal ganglion cell function via modulating GABAergic presynaptic activity in a chronic glaucomatous model. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1734. [PMID: 28496108 PMCID: PMC5431927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) agonists can prevent glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). However, the neuroprotective effects and the mechanism of action of PNU-282987, an α7-nAChR agonist, in a chronic in vivo rat glaucoma model are poorly understood. We found that elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) downregulated retinal α7-nAChR expression. Electroretinography revealed that the amplitude of the photopic negative response (PhNR) decreased in parallel with the loss of RGCs caused by elevated IOP. PNU-282987 enhanced RGC viability and function and decreased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive signals in RGCs. Patch-clamp recordings revealed differences in the baseline frequencies and decay times of the miniature GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) of RGCs between control and glaucomatous retinal slices. The results of western blotting and immunostaining showed that glutamic acid decarboxylase 65/67 and GABA deficits persisted in glaucomatous retinas and that these deficits were reversed by PNU-282987. Patch-clamp recordings also showed that PNU-282987 significantly increased the frequency and amplitude of the GABAergic mIPSCs of RGCs. The protective effects of PNU-292987 were blocked by intravitreal administration of selective GABAA receptor antagonists. The modulation of GABAergic synaptic transmission by PNU-282987 causes de-excitation of ganglion cell circuits and suppresses excitotoxic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujiao Zhou
- Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gang Li
- Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Boqi Yang
- Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shenghai Zhang
- Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Genes and neural circuits for sleep of the fruit fly. Neurosci Res 2017; 118:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Tizabi Y, Getachew B. Nicotinic Receptor Intervention in Parkinson's Disease: Future Directions. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 1:14-19. [PMID: 29863173 PMCID: PMC5975393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sufficient preclinical and epidemiological data are available to justify nicotinic intervention in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although use of nicotine patch has been suggested in some neurodegenerative disorders, including PD, the key for success with nicotinic intervention, particularly in PD, appears to rely not only on the dose but also on the mode of nicotine administration. Our aim in this short review is to provide justification for such contention. Thus, following a short introduction of nicotinic receptor pharmacology, the potential of nicotine in alleviating not only the motor symptoms, but also the mood disorders (e.g. depression) and mild cognitive impairments that are commonly co-morbid with PD will be presented. Moreover, since current PD therapy is associated with dyskinesia, the effectiveness of nicotine in ameliorating levodopa (L-Dopa)-induced dyskinesia will also be discussed. It is suggested that pulsatile nicotine administration (e.g. via inhalation or nasal spray) may be the optimal route in nicotinic intervention in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
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Mostafavi M, Hardy P, Arnold LE. Varenicline in Autism: Theory and Case Report of Clinical and Biochemical Changes. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2016; 26:792-797. [PMID: 27123827 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2015.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential benefits of varenicline (CHANTIX®), a highly specific partial agonist of neuronal α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), for autistic symptoms, and present resulting biochemical changes in light of dopamine-related genotype. METHODS The clinical and biochemical changes exhibited by a 19-year-old severely autistic man following the use of low-dose varenicline in an ABA experiment of nature, and his genotype, were extracted from chart review. Clinical outcome was measured by the Ohio Autism Clinical Impression Scale and 12 relevant urine and saliva metabolites were measured by Neuroscience Laboratory. RESULTS With varenicline, this patient improved clinically and autonomic biochemical indicators in saliva and urine normalized, including dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), epinephrine, norepinephrine, taurine, and histamine levels. In addition, with varenicline, the dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) antibody titer as well as the percent of baseline calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM KII) activity dropped significantly. When varenicline stopped, he deteriorated; when it was resumed, he again improved. Doses of 0.5, 1, and 2 mg daily were tried before settling on a dose of 1.5 mg daily. He has remained on varenicline for over a year with no noticeable side effects. CONCLUSION This report is, to the best of our knowledge, only the second to demonstrate positive effects of varenicline in autism, the first to show it in a severe case, and the first to show normalization of biochemical parameters related to genotype. As with the previous report, these encouraging results warrant further controlled research before clinical recommendations can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Hardy
- 2 Hardy Healthcare, PLLC , Peterborough, New Hampshire
| | - L Eugene Arnold
- 3 Department of Psychiatry, Nisonger Center, Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
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Herman AM, Ortiz-Guzman J, Kochukov M, Herman I, Quast KB, Patel JM, Tepe B, Carlson JC, Ung K, Selever J, Tong Q, Arenkiel BR. A cholinergic basal forebrain feeding circuit modulates appetite suppression. Nature 2016; 538:253-256. [PMID: 27698417 PMCID: PMC5507212 DOI: 10.1038/nature19789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Atypical food intake is a primary cause of obesity and other eating and metabolic disorders. Insight into the neural control of feeding has previously focused mainly on signalling mechanisms associated with the hypothalamus, the major centre in the brain that regulates body weight homeostasis. However, roles of non-canonical central nervous system signalling mechanisms in regulating feeding behaviour have been largely uncharacterized. Acetylcholine has long been proposed to influence feeding owing in part to the functional similarity between acetylcholine and nicotine, a known appetite suppressant. Nicotine is an exogenous agonist for acetylcholine receptors, suggesting that endogenous cholinergic signalling may play a part in normal physiological regulation of feeding. However, it remains unclear how cholinergic neurons in the brain regulate food intake. Here we report that cholinergic neurons of the mouse basal forebrain potently influence food intake and body weight. Impairment of cholinergic signalling increases food intake and results in severe obesity, whereas enhanced cholinergic signalling decreases food consumption. We found that cholinergic circuits modulate appetite suppression on downstream targets in the hypothalamus. Together our data reveal the cholinergic basal forebrain as a major modulatory centre underlying feeding behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Herman
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Joshua Ortiz-Guzman
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Mikhail Kochukov
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Isabella Herman
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kathleen B Quast
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jay M Patel
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Burak Tepe
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Carlson
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kevin Ung
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer Selever
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Qingchun Tong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin R Arenkiel
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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