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van Beest FM, Schmidt NM, Frederiksen ML, Krogh AKH, Petersen HH, Hansson SV. Direct and Indirect Linkages Between Trace Element Status and Health Indicators - a Multi-tissue Case-Study of Two Deer Species in Denmark. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3623-3638. [PMID: 37917250 PMCID: PMC11144132 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03926-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Measuring trace element concentrations in tissue can be a valuable approach to monitor animal health status. Temporal variation in the absorption, transport, and storage of elements between different tissues can, however, complicate the assessment of element-health relationships. Here, we measured concentrations of selected essential (copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se)) and non-essential (arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb)) trace elements within blood, liver, kidney, and hair of fallow deer (Dama dama; N=20) and red deer (Cervus elaphus; N=21). Using multivariate regression and structural equation models, we estimated direct and indirect linkages between tissue-specific trace element profiles and long- (body condition) and short-term (serum protein biomarkers for acute inflammation, infection, and malnutrition) health indicators. Trace element concentrations varied markedly and were weakly correlated among tissues, with the exception of Se. After accounting for sex- and site-differences in trace element concentrations, body condition of red deer was directly, and positively, associated to trace element status in liver and hair, but not in kidney. For both deer species, trace element status in blood was directly linked to serum protein status with an indirect positive association to deer body condition. For fallow deer, no direct association between trace element status and body condition was detected in any of the tissues, possibly because of elemental homeostasis, and because all individuals were in good clinical health. This study shows that hair can serve as an effective, non-invasive, biomarker in deer health assessments, yet, to fully uncover trace element-health relationships a variety of sample matrices is preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris M van Beest
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Niels M Schmidt
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Anne K H Krogh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, DK-1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Heidi H Petersen
- Center for Diagnostics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sophia V Hansson
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (UMR- 5245), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Ave. de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
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2
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Narozhnykh KN, Petukhov VL, Syso AI, Konovalova TV, Korotkevich OS, Sebezhko OI. Specific of accumulation of manganese in organs and tissues of Hereford cattle. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e282174. [PMID: 38836803 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.282174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The elemental status of cattle is one of the important factors, which determine its growth, fertility, fetal development, meat and dairy production, etc. Therefore, the study of content of different elements in cattle organs and tissues and its correlation with cattle characteristics and diet is urgent task. It is also important to develop intravital and low-invasive methods to analyze element content in cattle to regulate its diet during lifetime. In the present work, we have studied the content and distribution of manganese in Hereford cattle from an ecologically clean zone of Western Siberia (Russia). 252 samples were taken from 31 bulls aged 15-18 months. They were collected from various livestock farms in the region and analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (organs and muscle tissue) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (hair). The median values of manganese concentration obtained in natural moisture for hair, heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, muscles, spleen, testes, and brain were 25, 0.37, 1.0, 2.6, 0.4, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.5 ppm. Accordingly, the concentration of manganese differs significantly in the organs and tissues of animals (H = 188.6, df = 8, p <0.0001). Statistically significant associations of manganese were revealed in pairs: liver-testis, hair-testis, spleen-testis, and heart-brain. The classification of organs and tissues of animals according to the level of content and variability of manganese is carried out. The concentration of manganese in the body is not uniform, most of all it is deposited in the hair and excretory organs of the liver and kidneys. In other organs and muscle tissues, the distribution of manganese is more even and is in the range of 0.2-0.5 ppm. The resulting ranges can be used as a guideline for Hereford cattle bred in Western Siberia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Narozhnykh
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Novosibirsk State Agrarian University", Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - V L Petukhov
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Novosibirsk State Agrarian University", Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A I Syso
- Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T V Konovalova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Novosibirsk State Agrarian University", Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - O S Korotkevich
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Novosibirsk State Agrarian University", Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - O I Sebezhko
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Novosibirsk State Agrarian University", Novosibirsk, Russia
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3
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Zhou K, Tang M, Zhang W, Chen Y, Guan Y, Huang R, Duan J, Liu Z, Ji X, Jiang Y, Hu Y, Zhang X, Zhou J, Chen M. Exposure to Molybdate Results in Metabolic Disorder: An Integrated Study of the Urine Elementome and Serum Metabolome in Mice. TOXICS 2024; 12:288. [PMID: 38668511 PMCID: PMC11053804 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of molybdate has raised concerns about its potential toxicity in humans. However, the potential toxicity of molybdate under the current level of human exposure remains largely unknown. Endogenous metabolic alterations that are caused in humans by environmental exposure to pollutants are associated with the occurrence and progression of many diseases. This study exposed eight-week-old male C57 mice to sodium molybdate at doses relevant to humans (0.01 and 1 mg/kg/day) for eight weeks. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) were utilized to assess changes in urine element levels and serum metabolites in mice, respectively. A total of 838 subjects from the NHANES 2017-2018 population database were also included in our study to verify the associations between molybdenum and cadmium found in mice. Analysis of the metabolome in mice revealed that four metabolites in blood serum exhibited significant changes, including 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycolic acid, l-acetylcarnitine, and 2,3-dihydroxypropyl octanoate. Analysis of the elementome revealed a significant increase in urine levels of cadmium after molybdate exposure in mice. Notably, molybdenum also showed a positive correlation with cadmium in humans from the NHANES database. Further analysis identified a positive correlation between cadmium and 2,3-dihydroxypropyl octanoate in mice. In conclusion, these findings suggest that molybdate exposure disrupted amino acid and lipid metabolism, which may be partially mediated by molybdate-altered cadmium levels. The integration of elementome and metabolome data provides sensitive information on molybdate-induced metabolic disorders and associated toxicities at levels relevant to human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Miaomiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (W.Z.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yanling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yusheng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiawei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yingtong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (W.Z.); (Y.H.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Narozhnykh K. Development of a Predictive Model for Iron Levels in Bovine Muscle Tissue Using Hair as a Predictor. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1028. [PMID: 38612266 PMCID: PMC11010929 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The assessment of iron levels in cattle muscle tissue is crucial for livestock management because it influences both animal health and meat quality, key factors in sustainable development. This study aimed to develop an optimal model for noninvasively predicting the iron content in Hereford cattle muscle tissue, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the animals' elemental status. The research involved the atomic absorption analysis of muscle tissue and hair samples from cattle. A regression model was constructed using the least squares method to identify the most effective approach. These findings have ecological applications, aiding in evaluating environmental health and establishing acceptable iron thresholds for animals. The proposed mathematical model utilizing biomarkers (levels of Mg, K, Fe, Al, Cr in hair) will allow for the assessment of iron levels in cattle muscle tissue throughout the period of productive use, with the possibility of adjustment and tracking the changes in elemental status over time. The utilization of the developed method will enable the diagnosis of animal elementosis and assessment of the iron level burden. Subsequently, this will allow for the improvement of the qualitative characteristics of the final product. Thus, the obtained data contribute to fundamental knowledge regarding the content and variability of iron levels in the muscle tissue of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Narozhnykh
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agricultural University, 160 Dobrolyubova Str., Novosibirsk 630039, Russia
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5
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Afzal A, Mahreen N. Emerging insights into the impacts of heavy metals exposure on health, reproductive and productive performance of livestock. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1375137. [PMID: 38567355 PMCID: PMC10985271 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1375137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals, common environmental pollutants with widespread distribution hazards and several health problems linked to them are distinguished from other toxic compounds by their bioaccumulation in living organisms. They pollute the food chain and threaten the health of animals. Biologically, heavy metals exhibit both beneficial and harmful effects. Certain essential heavy metals such as Co, Mn, Se, Zn, and Mg play crucial roles in vital physiological processes in trace amounts, while others like As, Pb, Hg, Cd, and Cu are widely recognized for their toxic properties. Regardless of their physiological functions, an excess intake of all heavy metals beyond the tolerance limit can lead to toxicity. Animals face exposure to heavy metals through contaminated feed and water, primarily as a result of anthropogenic environmental pollution. After ingestion heavy metals persist in the body for an extended duration and the nature of exposure dictates whether they induce acute or chronic, clinical or subclinical, or subtle toxicities. The toxic effects of metals lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis through the generation of free radicals that develop oxidative stress. In cases of acute heavy metal poisoning, characteristic clinical symptoms may arise, potentially culminating in the death of animals with corresponding necropsy findings. Chronic toxicities manifest as a decline in overall body condition scoring and a decrease in the production potential of animals. Elevated heavy metal levels in consumable animal products raise public health concerns. Timely diagnosis, targeted antidotes, and management strategies can significantly mitigate heavy metal impact on livestock health, productivity, and reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Afzal
- Animal Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- School of Zoology, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naima Mahreen
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetics Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Benhalima H, Sbartai H, Sbartai I. Evaluation the Toxicity of Heavy Metal Mixtures in Anecic Earthworms (Aporrectodea giardi). ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 86:13-24. [PMID: 37971513 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01034-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Using earthworms as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in soils is a relevant tool for environmental risk monitoring. This study examines the combined effects of four distinct concentrations mixtures (M1, M2, M3 and M4) containing Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Fe and Mn on Aporrectodea giardi earthworms after 12 and 24 days (12 D/24 D) of exposure via the monitoring of certain biomarkers of stress including total protein content, glutathione (GSH), metallothionein (MT), catalase and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. The results show a decrease in the total protein level for the M3 mixture after 24 D, whereas it increases for all other treatments regardless of exposure time. Glutathione and metallothionine levels increased for M2 and M3 and decreased for M1 and M4 after 12 D; they increased after 24 D for all the mixtures. Regarding enzyme activities, catalase activity was decreased for all the treatments unless for M3 (P > 0.05). However, LOX increased for M1, M2 and M4 except for M3 after 12 D, when inhibition of this biomarker was observed. LOX activity was inhibited for all the mixtures at the end of the treatment. All the mixtures generated oxidative stress in Aporrectodea giardi, which is minimized by increasing MT levels to remove the metal ions and triggering the antioxidant system, composed primarily of GSH and LOX to restore cellular homeostasis. These findings suggest that the species Aporrectodea giardi could be an excellent candidate for ecotoxicological risk assessment of soils contaminated by metal mixtures and it can be used in bioremediation for its fitness which allows it to tolerate high concentrations of metal mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadia Benhalima
- Laboratory of Cellular Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Hana Sbartai
- Laboratory of Cellular Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria.
| | - Ibtissem Sbartai
- Laboratory of Cellular Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
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Siddiqui AJ, Khan N, Fatima K, Farooq S, Ramzan M, El-Seedi HR, Uddin J, Muhsinah AB, Musharraf SG. Serum metallomics reveals insights into the associations of elements with the progression of preleukemic diseases toward acute leukemia. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 9:bpad027. [PMID: 38229687 PMCID: PMC10790676 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia (AL) is a critical neoplasm of white blood cells with two main subtypes: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study is focused on understanding the association of the preleukemic disease aplastic anemia (APA) with ALL and AML at metallomic level, using healthy subjects as a control. In this study, a validated and efficient inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry/MS-based workflow was employed to profile a total of 13 metallomic features. The study encompassed 41 patients with AML, 62 patients with ALL, 46 patients with APA, and 55 age-matched healthy controls. The metallomic features consisted of eight essential elements (Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, and Zn) and five non-essential/toxic elements (Ag, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb). Six out of the 13 elements were found to be substantially different (P < .05) using absolute concentrations between serum samples of AL (ALL and AML) and preleukemia (APA) patients in comparison with healthy subjects. Elements including magnesium, calcium, iron, copper, and zinc were upregulated and only one element (chromium) was downregulated in serum samples of disease when compared with healthy subjects. Through the utilization of both univariate tests and multivariate classification modeling, it was determined that chromium exhibited a progressive behavior among the studied elements. Specifically, chromium displayed a sequential upregulation from healthy individuals to preleukemic disease (APA), and ultimately in patients diagnosed with ALL. Overall, metallomic-based biomarkers may have the utility to predict the association of APA with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Kauser Fatima
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sabiha Farooq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala 751 24, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu Education Department), Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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8
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Raths R, Rodriguez B, Holloway JW, Waite A, Lawrence T, van de Ligt JLG, Purvis H, Doering-Resch H, Casper DP. Comparison of growth performance and tissue cobalt concentrations in beef cattle fed inorganic and organic cobalt sources. Transl Anim Sci 2023; 7:txad120. [PMID: 38023418 PMCID: PMC10648571 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txad120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cobalt is an essential trace mineral required for ruminal vitamin B12 synthesis, but sources differ in ruminal microbial utilization, i.e., cobalt carbonate is poorly water soluble, whereas acetate and lactate forms are water soluble. Reports comparing organic cobalt lactate to other cobalt salts are lacking. The study objective was to determine if feeding cobalt lactate at two inclusion rates resulted in similar growth performance and tissue cobalt concentrations as the carbonate and acetate forms used in feeds. One hundred Angus cross bred steers weighing 385 ± 20 kg were randomly assigned to one of five treatments. Cattle were fed a basal diet plus: 1) cobalt carbonate to supply cobalt at 30 mg/steer/d, 2) cobalt acetate to supply cobalt at 30 mg/steer/d, 3) cobalt acetate to supply cobalt at 60 mg/steer/d, 4) cobalt lactate to supply cobalt at 30 mg/steer/d, and 5) cobalt lactate to supply cobalt at 60 mg/steer/d. Cattle were fed according to industry standards until body fat deposition was visually deemed to grade USDA Choice, which was 92 and 117 d for each of the 2 blocks, respectively. Steers were harvested and carcass measurements recorded along with sampling of adipose, heart, kidney, liver, and muscle for tissue cobalt concentrations. Three statistical contrasts consisted of: 1: inorganic (cobalt carbonate) vs. organic (cobalt acetate and lactate); 2: cobalt acetate vs. cobalt lactate; and 3: feeding rate of 30 vs. 60 mg/steer/d cobalt. Body weight gains, average daily gains, dry matter intake, and feed conversions were similar (P > 0.10) for steers fed all cobalt sources and feeding rates. Hot carcass weight, yield grade, back fat thickness, and ribeye area were similar (P > 0.10) among steers fed all cobalt sources and inclusion rates. Liver, kidney, muscle, and adipose cobalt concentrations were similar (P > 0.08) for steers fed inorganic vs. organic cobalt sources. Feeding cobalt lactate compared with cobalt acetate did not affect (P > 0.10) liver, kidney, heart, muscle, and adipose tissue cobalt concentrations. Feeding 60 mg/steer/d cobalt compared with 30 mg/steer/d increased (P < 0.01) liver, kidney, heart, and adipose tissue cobalt concentrations, while muscle was a tendency (P < 0.06). The study demonstrated that feeding soluble cobalt lactate, a new cobalt source, resulted in similar growth performance, carcass characteristics, and tissue cobalt concentrations when compared with cobalt acetate and carbonate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ty Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center, Department of Agricultural Sciences, West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX 79016, USA
| | | | - Heb Purvis
- Ralco Animal Nutrition, Marshall, MN 50258, USA
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Forcada S, Menéndez Miranda M, Stevens F, Royo LJ, Fernández Pierna JA, Baeten V, Soldado A. Industrial impact on sustainable dairy farms: Essential elements, hazardous metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in forage and cow's milk. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20977. [PMID: 37886788 PMCID: PMC10597811 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustainable dairy farms are characterised by the self-production of forage for animal feed. These farms are sometimes located near industrial areas, entailing a risk of food chain contamination with hazardous metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Accordingly, evaluating the impact of pollution on forage and milk is of great interest. In this study, the effects of industrial factors on sustainable forage from 43 dairy farms and possible correlations between inorganic elements and PAHs were studied. Spearman's correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed for the forage and milk. Most of the inorganic elements in the forage were below the maximum residual limits for cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), established in EU 2013/1275 and EU 2019/1869, respectively. However, arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) levels were above their respective limits in the forage (EU 2019/1869). No milk samples exceeded the maximum residual limits for Pb (EU 488/2014) or Cd (EU 1881/2006) in dairy products. Heavy-weight PAHs (HW-PAHs, four or more aromatic rings) were detected in forage but not in milk. In the forage samples, HW-PAHs were positively correlated with Zn and Cd. In addition, some hazardous metals (chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), As, Hg, and Pb) also were positively correlated with Zn and Cd. Interestingly, no correlations were found between forage pollutants and milk, suggesting that these pollutants have a low transfer rate to milk. The PCA results highlighted the predominant contribution of PAHs to the global variance in forage samples collected at different distances from industrial areas. In milk, the contributions of hazardous metals and PAHs were more balanced than in forages. Finally, when distances to potential pollution sources were included in the PCA of forage samples, a negative correlation was observed between the former and the concentrations of HW-PAHs, Cd, and Zn, suggesting that thermal power plants and steel factory emissions were the main sources of polluting forage in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Forcada
- Regional Service for Agrofood Research and Development (SERIDA), PO Box 13, 33300, Asturias, Spain
| | - Mario Menéndez Miranda
- Regional Service for Agrofood Research and Development (SERIDA), PO Box 13, 33300, Asturias, Spain
| | - François Stevens
- Department of Knowledge and Valorization of Agricultural Products, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre (CRA-W), Chaussée de Namur 24, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Luis J. Royo
- Regional Service for Agrofood Research and Development (SERIDA), PO Box 13, 33300, Asturias, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Fernández Pierna
- Department of Knowledge and Valorization of Agricultural Products, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre (CRA-W), Chaussée de Namur 24, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Vincent Baeten
- Department of Knowledge and Valorization of Agricultural Products, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre (CRA-W), Chaussée de Namur 24, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ana Soldado
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Asturias, Spain
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de Oliveira Filho EF, López-Alonso M, Vieira Marcolino G, Castro Soares P, Herrero-Latorre C, Lopes de Mendonça C, de Azevedo Costa N, Miranda M. Factors Affecting Toxic and Essential Trace Element Concentrations in Cow's Milk Produced in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2465. [PMID: 37570274 PMCID: PMC10417244 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide information on the levels of toxic (Cd and Pb) and essential (Cu, Fe, and Zn) elements in cow's milk produced in the State of Pernambuco (Brazil). A total of 142 samples of raw milk were collected, and the concentrations of essential and toxic elements were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. In almost 30% of the samples analyzed, the Pb content exceeded the maximum level established in the Brazilian legislation (0.05 mg/L). By contrast, in all the samples, the Cd content was below the maximum allowable level (0.02 mg/L). The essential trace elements Cu, Fe, and Zn were generally present at lower concentrations than reported in other studies and can be considered within the deficient range for cow's milk. Statistical and chemometric procedures were used to evaluate the main factors influencing the metal concentrations (proximity to major roads, presence of effluents, and milking method). The study findings demonstrate that the proximity of the farms to major roads influences the concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Cu and that this is the main factor explaining the Pb content of milk. In addition, the presence of effluents influenced the concentrations of Cu, while no relationship between the metal content and the milking method was observed. Thus, in accordance with the study findings, the consumption of cow's milk produced in the region can be considered a risk to public health due to the high concentrations of Pb and the low concentrations of other essential minerals such as Cu, Zn, and Fe in some of the milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Felipe de Oliveira Filho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife 52171-900, Brazil; (E.F.d.O.F.); (P.C.S.)
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus Terra, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Marta López-Alonso
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus Terra, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | | | - Pierre Castro Soares
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife 52171-900, Brazil; (E.F.d.O.F.); (P.C.S.)
| | - Carlos Herrero-Latorre
- Research Institute on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Terra, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Carla Lopes de Mendonça
- Clinic of Cattle of Garanhuns/UFRPE, Campus Garanhuns, Av. Bom Pastor–Boa Vista, Garanhuns 55292-270, Brazil; (C.L.d.M.); (N.d.A.C.)
| | - Nivaldo de Azevedo Costa
- Clinic of Cattle of Garanhuns/UFRPE, Campus Garanhuns, Av. Bom Pastor–Boa Vista, Garanhuns 55292-270, Brazil; (C.L.d.M.); (N.d.A.C.)
| | - Marta Miranda
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
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11
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Bai J, Sun X, Geng B, Ma X. Interaction mechanism of Cu +/Cu 2+ on bovine serum albumin: Vitro simulation experiments by spectroscopic methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122491. [PMID: 36801739 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for organisms, while excessive concentration of Cu is toxic. In order to assess the toxicity risk of copper in different valences, FTIR, fluorescence, and UV-vis absorption techniques were conducted to study the interactions between either Cu+ or Cu2+ and bovine serum albumin (BSA) under vitro simulated physiological condition. The spectroscopic analysis demonstrated that the intrinsic fluorescence emitted by BSA could be quenched by Cu+/Cu2+ via static quenching with binding sites 0.88 and 1.12 for Cu+ and Cu2+, respectively. On the other hand, the constants of Cu+ and Cu2+ are 1.14 × 103 L/mol and 2.08 × 104 L/mol respectively. ΔH is negative whereas ΔS is positive, showing that the interaction between BSA and Cu+/Cu2+ was mainly driven by electrostatic force. In accordance with Föster's energy transfer theory, the binding distance r showed that the transition of energy from BSA to Cu+/Cu2+ is highly likely to happen. BSA conformation analyses indicated that the interactions between Cu+/Cu2+ and BSA could alter the secondary structure of proteins. Current study provides more information of the interaction between Cu+/Cu2+ and BSA, and reveals the potential toxicological effect of different speciation of copper at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xuekai Sun
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bing Geng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiping Ma
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
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12
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Ma T, Baeyens W, Leermakers M, Smolíková V, Luo M, Li G, Vandeputte D, Perrot V, Gao Y. Investigation on metal geochemical cycling in an anthropogenically impacted tidal river in Belgium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163604. [PMID: 37087008 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The geochemical behavior of metals in water and sediment was investigated in the tidal section of the Zenne River in Belgium. Twelve-hour sampling campaigns were performed in October 2013 and March 2021 at the mouth of the Zenne River, under dry and rainy weather conditions respectively. Water samples were collected every hour while the passive samplers of Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) were deployed continuously during a tidal cycle. In addition, bottom sediments were sampled at the tidal station and water samples were taken upstream and downstream of that station to identify the metal sources. The highest concentrations of Fe, Mn, Pb, Cr, Ni and Zn appear at low tide, indicating the Zenner River as a main source. However, for Co, Cd and Cu, other sources including upstream transport may explain their behavior during a tidal cycle. Fe, Pb and Cr are essentially transported in the particulate phase (<10 % dissolved) while the other metals in the dissolved phase (20 to 90 %). Rainfall and wind gust events also play an important role in trace metal distribution, increasing sediment resuspension and metal desorption. A good agreement was found between the time-averaged dissolved and DGT-labile metal concentrations with the exception of Cu and Fe, which form strong organic Cu complexes and Fe colloids respectively. The sediments of the tidal Zenne are contaminated by trace metals, thus acting as a secondary pollution source to the river. The reductive dissolution of Mn and Fe oxyhydroxides and the release of associated trace metals are the main mobilization mechanisms. Knowledge of the upstream and downstream levels in the water column, the benthic fluxes, which are based on turbulent diffusion, and the partitioning between dissolved and particulate phases allow to explain the metal concentration variations during the tidal cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Ma
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Leermakers
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vendula Smolíková
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mingyue Luo
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guanlei Li
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delphine Vandeputte
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Perrot
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yue Gao
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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Xu X, Li L, Zhou H, Fan M, Wang H, Wang L, Hu Q, Cai Q, Zhu Y, Ji S. MRTCM: A comprehensive dataset for probabilistic risk assessment of metals and metalloids in traditional Chinese medicine. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114395. [PMID: 36508783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is still considered a global complementary or alternative medical system, but exogenous hazardous contaminants remain in TCM even after decocting. Besides, it is time-consuming to conduct a risk assessment of trace elements in TCMs with a non-automatic approach due to the wide variety of TCMs. Here, we present MRTCM, a cloud-computing infrastructure for automating the probabilistic risk assessment of metals and metalloids in TCM. MRTCM includes a consumption database and a pollutant database involving forty million rows of consumption data and fourteen types of TCM potentially toxic elements concentrations. The algorithm of probabilistic risk assessment was also packaged in MRTCM to assess the risks of eight elements with Monte Carlo simulation. The results demonstrated that 96.64% and 99.46% had no non-carcinogenic risk (hazard indices (HI) were < 1.0) for animal and herbal medicines consumers, respectively. After twenty years of exposure, less than 1% of the total carcinogenic risk (CRt) was > 10-4 for TCM consumers, indicating that they are at potential risk for carcinogenicity. Sensitivity analysis revealed that annual consumption and concentration were the main variables affecting the assessment results. Ultimately, a priority management list of TCMs was also generated, indicating that more attention should be paid to the non-carcinogenic risks of As, Mn, and Hg and the carcinogenic risks of As and Cr in Pheretima and Cr in Arcae Conch. In general, MRTCM could significantly enhance the efficiency of risk assessment in TCM and provide reasonable guidance for policymakers to optimize risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Xu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang 314006, China
| | - Limin Li
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang 314006, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang 314006, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qing Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Cai
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang 314006, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang 314006, China.
| | - Shen Ji
- Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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14
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Li YQ, Wang Q, Liu R, Li GA, He JL, Huang F, Zhou YF. Associations of exposure to multiple metals with the risk of age-related cataract in Anhui, China: a case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:4680-4693. [PMID: 35972654 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It's well-known that multiple metal elements can lead to the change of oxidative stress response levels in vivo. However, their relationship with age-related cataract (ARC) had not been well studied. We designed a case-control study including 210 individuals with ARC and 210 matched control group. The metal levels in their urine specimens were measured using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was used to select representative metals into the multi-element model and reduce dimension. Multivariate logic analysis and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were subsequently used to explore the association of ARC risk with multiple metal elements. We found that magnesium (Mg), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), and selenium (Se) were positively associated with ARC in the single-element model. The multiple exposure model indicated a positive association between Mg and As, in which the OR in their highest quartile were 3.32 (95% CI: 1.24-8.89) and 7.09 (95% CI: 2.56-19.63). The BKMR model also showed the effect of As increased monotonically with its increasing concentration, and high levels of Mg and As had a significant positive effect on ARC risk. In conclusion, we found that exposure to multiple metals was associated with increased ARC risk. Further research is needed to verify these findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Guo-Ao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Liu He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan-Feng Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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15
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ÇİTİL C. Protective Effect of 3-Benzoyl-7-Hydroxy Coumarin on Lipid Peroxidation and Minerals on Rat Liver Tissues Induced Oxidative Stress with Lead Acetate. COMMAGENE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.31594/commagene.1163742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lead is a toxic substance and damages human metabolism. Coumarin-derived substances have many effects such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial ones. In this study, the effects of 3-benzoyl-7-hydroxy coumarin on rat liver tissues under oxidative stress with lead acetate were investigated. In the study, rats were divided into 4 groups. Control group (K), Coumarin group (KUM), Lead acetate group (P) and Coumarin+Lead acetate group (KUMP) groups were formed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) levels were determined in the liver tissues of the rats. MDA level of P group increased compared to the other groups. A decrease was observed in the KUMP group compared to the P group MDA level. While the Pb and Fe levels of the P group increased compared to the K group, the Pb and Fe levels of the KUMP group decreased compared to the P group. As a result, it is concluded that the 3-benzoyl-7-hydroxy coumarin molecule protects the high lipid peroxidation, lead, and iron metabolism caused by lead acetate in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan ÇİTİL
- KAFKAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ATATÜRK SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, SAĞLIK BAKIM HİZMETLERİ BÖLÜMÜ
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16
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Akele ML, Desalegn SK, Asfaw TB, Assefa AG, Alemu AK, de Oliveira RR. Heavy metal contents in bovine tissues (kidney, liver and muscle) from Central Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12416. [PMID: 36590478 PMCID: PMC9801134 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environments prone to naturally non-biodegradable metal pollution have remained hot areas of research. Here, concentrations of Cu, Cr, Cd and Pb in 90 bovine tissue (kidney, liver and muscle) samples collected from Gondar City abattoir and Nara-Awudarda in Central Gondar Zone, Ethiopia, were investigated. The samples were dry-ashed at 550 °C for 3.45 h, mineralized with 2 mL conc. HNO3, and analysed using flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Pattern recognition methods, viz. principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares - discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), were employed to investigate heavy metal profiles in bovine tissues and classify them based on their geographic source. Results showed that the mean concentrations of the metals (mg/kg) extended in the range: 1.5-11.5 (Cu), 0.42-1.5 (Pb), BDL-1.05 (Cr) and BDL-0.41 (Cd). The concentrations of Cu and Cd, except Cd in muscle samples from Gondar City abattoir, were below the permissible limits while Pb and Cr, except for Pb in kidney and Cr in all samples at Gondar City abattoir, were above the permissible limits. Hence, it calls for enforceable food safety monitoring practices. PCA visualizes grouping of the studied bovine tissues based on the contents of analyzed metals where liver contained highest concentrations of the studied metals, except for Cd, which was highest in kidney. PLS-DA model clearly classified the tissue samples into two clusters depending on their geographic source. In general, the accumulation burden of heavy metals exhibited tissue-specific and sample source differences, probably due to varied organ functions and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulugeta Legesse Akele
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia,Corresponding author.
| | - Setegn Kassawmar Desalegn
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Belayneh Asfaw
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Atnafu Guadie Assefa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Addis Kokeb Alemu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Rodrigo Rocha de Oliveira
- Chemometrics Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Sekar R, Basavegowda N, Jena S, Jayakodi S, Elumalai P, Chaitanyakumar A, Somu P, Baek KH. Recent Developments in Heteroatom/Metal-Doped Carbon Dot-Based Image-Guided Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091869. [PMID: 36145617 PMCID: PMC9504834 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are advanced nanomaterials with a size of 2–10 nm and are considered zero-dimensional carbonaceous materials. CNDs have received great attention in the area of cancer theranostics. The majority of review articles have shown the improvement of CNDs for use in cancer therapy and bioimaging applications. However, there is a minimal number of consolidated studies on the currently developed doped CNDs that are used in various ways in cancer therapies. Hence, in this review, we discuss the current developments in different types of heteroatom elements/metal ion-doped CNDs along with their preparations, physicochemical and biological properties, multimodal-imaging, and emerging applications in image-guided photodynamic therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chengalpattu 603 308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Saktishree Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chengalpattu 603 308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santhoshkumar Jayakodi
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandian Elumalai
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amballa Chaitanyakumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak University, Hyderabad 500 085, Telangana, India
| | - Prathap Somu
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-52-810-3029
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Effect of Polishing on Lead and Cadmium Bioavailability in Rice and Its Health Implications. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172718. [PMID: 36076903 PMCID: PMC9455439 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice polishing is an important approach to reducing the concentrations of heavy metals in rice, but knowledge of its effect on the Pb and Cd bioavailability in produced rice and the related health risk remains limited. In this study, the effects of rice polishing on the bioaccessibility (BAC) and bioavailability (RBA) of Pb and Cd in rice are assessed using an in vitro method and an in vivo mouse bioassay. The Pb removal rate in brown rice (40%), lightly processed brown rice (62%), germinated rice (74%), and polished rice (79%) gradually enhanced with an increase in the polishing degree, while Cd was difficult to remove by polishing. The Pb and Cd BAC in germinated rice was the highest, while that in brown rice was the lowest. The polished rice Pb and Cd RBA in the liver and kidneys were significantly higher than those in the brown rice group. The Pb RBA in the livers and kidneys in the polished rice group was 26.6% ± 1.68% and 65.3% ± 0.83%, respectively, which was 1.6- and 2.6-times higher than that in the brown rice group, respectively. The Cd RBA values in both the livers and kidneys of the polished rice group were 1.3-times higher than those in the brown rice group. Although polishing reduced the total Pb in the polished rice, it was not enough to offset the increase in bioavailability, and its consumption risk was not weakened. This study highlighted the value of the oral-bioavailability-corrected health risk assessment for assessing the influence of rice polishing on Pb and Cd exposure via rice consumption.
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Toman R, Psenkova M, Tancin V, Miskeje M. Mutagens in raw ewe milk in Orava region, northern Slovakia: metals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62259-62271. [PMID: 35604602 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the concentrations of selected mutagenic elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Se) in raw ewe milk from undisturbed environment in Orava region, northern Slovakia. There are possible sources of some of the analyzed metals which may be distributed from the metallurgical plants located in the Ostrava region, Czech Republic, and Katowice, Poland. In total, forty milk samples were analyzed in June and August using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The differences in elements concentrations between the seasonal periods were not significant except of iron (p < 0.0001). The concentrations of most of the metals in ewe milk were low and under the permissible or recommended limits. However, arsenic and selenium concentrations were elevated and could pose a risk of the mutagenic effect, particularly in children. The frequency of element occurrence in June was as follows: Se > Fe > As > Cu > Mn > Ni > Co > Pb > Cr > Cd, and in August: Se > Fe = As > Cu > Mn > Pb > Co > Ni > Cr > Cd. The correlation analysis revealed very strong positive correlation between Cu:Pb (p < 0.05), very strong negative correlation between Fe:Se (p < 0.05). The strong correlations were also found between other elements. The present study showed that milk produced in the relatively undisturbed environment might contain various mutagenic elements. The relationships between the elements might result in the additive or synergistic effects of elements and increase the risk of their mutagenic effects even in low concentrations. Therefore, attention must be paid to the monitoring of metals in the areas where food sources destined especially for child nutrition are produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Toman
- Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martina Psenkova
- Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimir Tancin
- Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Miskeje
- Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Lazarus M, Orct T, Sekovanić A, Skoko B, Petrinec B, Zgorelec Ž, Kisić I, Prevendar Crnić A, Jurasović J, Srebočan E. Spatio-temporal monitoring of mercury and other stable metal(loid)s and radionuclides in a Croatian terrestrial ecosystem around a natural gas treatment plant. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:481. [PMID: 35668141 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The natural gas industry bears a certain contamination risk to human and biota due to, among others, mercury, arsenic, and naturally occurring radioactive material content in gas. We tracked multiple stabile metal(loid)s and radionuclides within the natural gas treatment plant Molve, Croatia, ecosystem during the last decade through a comprehensive monitoring of soil, earthworms, moss, livestock (blood, milk, hair, urine, and feces from cows), and wildlife animals (brain, muscle, liver, and kidney of European hare and pheasant). The level of mercury and other stable metal(loid)s has shown temporal variation, but without an obvious trend. The found spatial differences in soil and earthworms were based on the differing soil characteristics of the sampled locations and exceeded the maximal allowable concentration of arsenic and zinc for agricultural soil. The status of essential copper, selenium, and zinc in cows, hares, and pheasants inclined towards deficiency. The measured stable metal(loid) levels in soil and animal samples were generally in the same range of values reported in earlier decades from the same area or non-polluted areas across Europe. The consumption of local cow and game products (e.g., milk, meat) can be considered safe for human health, although game offal is advised to be avoided as a food item due to the low risk of lead and cadmium's adverse effects. Although the activity concentrations of some radionuclides in moss were higher than reported for pristine areas, transfer from soil to moss was assessed as average (except for lead-210). Radiological risk to human and biota around the gas treatment plant Molve was estimated as negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Lazarus
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tatjana Orct
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ankica Sekovanić
- Radiation Protection Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Božena Skoko
- Radiation Protection Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branko Petrinec
- Radiation Protection Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željka Zgorelec
- Department of General Agronomy, Division of Agroecology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Kisić
- Department of General Agronomy, Division of Agroecology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andreja Prevendar Crnić
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Jurasović
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emil Srebočan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Deng Z, Yao L, Fang M, Wu Y, Gong Z. Health risk assessment using in vitro simulation in assessing bioavailability of cadmium in rice from main producing areas across China. J Food Sci 2022; 87:2766-2774. [PMID: 35502685 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Rice is a recognized source of cadmium (Cd) exposure. In this study, a total of 102 rice samples were obtained from main producing rice regions of China, and the bioavailability of Cd in rice were assessed by using an in vitro digestion method combined with a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. The results revealed that the average (range of) concentration of Cd in the rice samples was 0.2840 (0.0123-2.4710) mg/kg, and the average (range of) bioavailability of Cd in the rice samples was 23.94% (7.47-39.73%). We analyzed the recent rice consumption data and calculated the target hazard quotients (THQs) to evaluate the noncarcinogenic health risk of Cd in rice consumption for adults and children, respectively. We suggested that the most of investigated regions showed low risks of Cd in rice for general population, and the regions of Cd in rice near the limit deserves might be attracted more attention after taking bioavailability into account. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The cadmium content of rice itself will affect its corresponding bioavailability to a certain extent. By studying the in vitro bioavailability of cadmium rice with different pollution levels, it is helpful for the dose selection of animal experiments or toxicity tests, and finally, we may provide some references for the establishment of appropriate treatment scheme of rice Cd poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Deng
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyun Yao
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Fang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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Oropesa AL, Ramos A, Gómez LJ. Toxic and essential metal levels in the hair of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) for monitoring the contamination in protected areas of South-Western Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:27430-27442. [PMID: 34981386 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contaminant monitoring in tissues of wild species can help in the knowledge not only of their health, but also of the environmental health conditions in the zones where they live. In this study, concentrations of toxic metals (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) and an essential metal (Zn) were measured in the hair of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) inhabiting in protected areas of South-Western Spain. Zn (69.02 ± 1.03 mg kg-1, 70.31 ± 2.22 mg kg-1), Pb (0.61 ± 0.05 mg kg-1, 0.68 ± 0.08 mg kg-1), and As (0.33 ± 0.03 mg kg-1, 0.53 ± 0.08 mg kg-1) were detected in the hair of red deer and wild boar, respectively. The other metals (Cd and Hg) were under the quantification limit (0.1 mg kg-1). No differences in the level of elements between both species were found. The levels of the detected elements in the hair showed low concentrations and similar to those observed in animals of the same species from unpolluted zones, reflecting a lack of contamination by these elements in the studied areas. Based on critical values of these elements established for organs of mammals, red deer and wild boar from the studied territories did not suffer toxicosis by the studied elements. Age-related differences in the content of As in the hair of red deer and age- and gender-related differences in the content of As in the hair of wild boar were detected, which should be considered for biomonitoring purposes. Finally, positive (Pb-As in both species) and negative (Zn-Pb in wild boar) interrelationships between elements were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Lourdes Oropesa
- Toxicology Area, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
- BRILiC - Biotechnology Research Institute in Livestock & Cynegetic, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Ramos
- BRILiC - Biotechnology Research Institute in Livestock & Cynegetic, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
- Statistics and Operations Research Area, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Luis-Jesús Gómez
- BRILiC - Biotechnology Research Institute in Livestock & Cynegetic, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
- Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy Area, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
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Kalinina S, Panchenko D, Ilyukha V, Canfield A, Baishnikova I, Antonova E, Nikerova K. Elements and antioxidants in wild boar from northwestern Russia. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-022-01570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Li Y, He J, Luo L, Wang Y. The Combinations of Sulfur and Molybdenum Fertilization Improved Antioxidant Capacity in Grazing Nanjiang Brown Goat. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:600-608. [PMID: 33851331 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To assess the impacts of sulfur (S) and molybdenum (Mo) fertilization on antioxidant capacity of grazing Nanjiang brown goat in copper (Cu)-polluted meadow, and explore the control methods of Cu pollution in natural pasture, fertilizer treatments and grazing experiments were carried out in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of the Western Sichuan Plateau, Sichuan Province, Southwest China. 24 hm2 Cu-polluted meadows were fenced and randomly divided into four groups (3 replications/group, 2 hm2/replication): (1) control group, no fertilizer; (2) treatment groups, applied 1 kg Mo+40 kg S, 2 kg Mo+80 kg S, and 3 kg Mo+120 kg S per hectare for group I, group II, and group III, respectively. Seventy-two healthy Nanjiang brown goats (1 year old, 30.9 ± 1.1 kg) were randomly divided into 4 groups (3 replications/group, 6 goats/replication) and assigned to the tested pastures. The grazing experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed that the contents of N, S, Mn, Zn, and Mo in herbage in fertilized pastures were higher than those in control group (P < 0.01). The contents of Cu and Se in herbage in fertilized pastures were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). There were no differences among the fertilized pastures (P > 0.05). The contents of Mn, Zn, Mo, and S in serum and liver in the treatment goats were higher than those in control animals (P < 0.01). The contents of Cu and Se in serum and liver in the treatment goats were lower than those in control animals (P < 0.01). There was no difference in Fe and Co contents in herbage, serum, and liver among the four groups (P > 0.05). The levels of Hb, RBC, and PCV in blood in the treatment goats and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, T-AOC, CAT, and Cp in serum were higher than those in control goats (P < 0.01). The contents of MDA in the treatment goats were lower than those in control animals (P < 0.01). The contents of serum Cu and Mo, and liver Cu in group III were lower than those in group I and group II (P < 0.01). Taken together, the combinations of S and Mo fertilization did not influence the mineral contents in herbage, serum, and liver, but reduced the toxicity of Cu in Cu-polluted grassland and improved antioxidant capacity in grazing Nanjiang brown goat from fertilized pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, 621006, China
| | - Jian He
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Nanjiang Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Bazhong, 636600, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
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Manjarres-Suarez A, de la Rosa J, Gonzalez-Montes A, Galvis-Ballesteros J, Olivero-Verbel J. Trace elements, peripheral blood film, and gene expression status in adolescents living near an industrial area in the Colombian Caribbean Coastline. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:146-155. [PMID: 34083740 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trace elements comprise both nutritionally essential and non-essential, and their presence in organisms plays important role in human health. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of trace elements, together with cellular and molecular biomarkers, in adolescents from Tierrabomba Island, a Caribbean community located near an industrial area, comparing them with a group living in San Onofre, a reference community. METHODS Hair and blood samples were obtained from 238 individuals aged 11-18 years old, 131 from Tierrabomba Island and 107 from San Onofre. Trace elements were quantified in hair using ICP-MS. The hematological evaluation was done by peripheral blood smears, and gene expression analysis was carried out through RT-PCR. RESULTS Thirteen elements were analyzed; eight showed significant differences between sites. In Tierrabomba, arsenic (As) and tungsten (W) registered mean values greater than in San Onofre. In contrast, in the reference site, average values for boron (B), cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), yttrium (Y), tin (Sn), and barium (Ba) were greater. The peripheral blood film showed differences between populations. Mean lymphocyte percentage was higher in the Island, while eosinophil and monocyte percentages displayed greater means in San Onofre. Some correlations between trace elements and hematological parameters were found, mainly with platelets in Tierrabomba. This trend remained even when partial correlation coefficients were adjusted for age. Levels of gene expression of metallothionein 1X (MT1X) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) registered significant differences between sites, being greater in Tierrabomba. Negative correlations between SOD and As were observed in both sampling sites. Discriminant analysis suggested sampling locations could be differentiated by Zn, Mo, Ba, and MT1X levels. SIGNIFICANCE Trace elements and the relative gene expression associated with metal exposure are critical exposure biomarkers for coastal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Manjarres-Suarez
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130014, Colombia
| | - Jesus de la Rosa
- Associate Unit CSIC - University of Huelva "Atmospheric Pollution," Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry [CIQSO], University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Audreis Gonzalez-Montes
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130014, Colombia
| | - Javier Galvis-Ballesteros
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130014, Colombia
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130014, Colombia.
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Li Y, Wang Y, Shen X, Liu F. The combinations of sulfur and molybdenum fertilizations improved antioxidant capacity of grazing Guizhou semi-fine wool sheep under copper and cadmium stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112520. [PMID: 34280842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mineral development and metal smelting are the main sources of heavy metal pollution, and copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) are the most serious mineral elements in heavy metal pollution. Food chain is the main channel for Cu and Cd to enter human body. Excessive accumulation of Cu and Cd can lead to a variety of diseases and threaten human health. Therefore, it is urgent to repair Cu and Cd-contaminated soil. Previous several studies found that sulfur (S) and molybdenum (Mo) had the effect of alleviating the decrease of antioxidant capacity caused by heavy metal poisoning. To investigate the co-combinations of S and Mo fertilizations on antioxidant capacity of grazing Guizhou semi-fine wool sheep in Cu and Cd-contaminated meadow, and explore the control methods of co-pollutions of Cu and Cd in natural pastures, fertilizing and grazing experiments were carried out in the Wumeng Prairie in the northwest of Guizhou Province, Southwest China. 24 hm2 Cu and Cd-polluted meadows were fenced, and were randomly divided into four groups with 3 replications per group and 2 hm2 per replication. The tested groups included the control group (no fertilizer) and the three treatment groups, applied 40 kg S + 1 kg Mo, 80 kg S + 2 kg Mo, and 120 kg S + 3 kg Mo per hectare for group I, group II, and group III, respectively. 72 healthy Guizhou semi-fine wool sheep (one year old, 33.9 ± 1.2 kg) were randomly assigned to the tested pastures with 18 sheep per group. The grazing experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed that the contents of Mn, Zn, Mo, and S in herbage in fertilized pastures were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The content of Cu in herbage in fertilized pastures was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The contents of Mn, Zn, Mo, and S in serum of grazing Guizhou semi-fine wool sheep were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The content of Cu in serum of grazing Guizhou semi-fine wool sheep was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of blood Hb, RBC, and PCV, and the activities of serum SOD, GSH-Px, T-AOC, CAT, and Cp in group Ⅲ were higher than that in the control group, group Ⅰ, and group Ⅱ (P < 0.05). The MDA content of sheep in group Ⅲ was lower than that in the other treatment sheep (P < 0.05). In summary, the combinations of S and Mo fertilizers influenced the mineral contents in herbage and serum of grazing Guizhou semi-fine wool sheep. The combinations of 120 kg S + 3 kg Mo fertilizer reduced the toxicity and improved antioxidant capacity of grazing Guizhou semi-fine wool sheep in Cu and Cd-polluted grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China; Swine Research Institute, Tie Qi Li Shi Group Co., Mianyang, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China; State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China; World Bank Poverty Alleviation Project Office in Guizhou, Southwest China, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Fuyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
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Pšenková M, Toman R. Determination of Essential and Toxic Elements in Raw Sheep's Milk from Area of Slovakia with Environmental Burden. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3338-3344. [PMID: 33098078 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Concentrations of selected essential (Ca, Mg, Zn, Se, Fe, Cu) and toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Ni) were analyzed in milk of sheep (300 ewes of Tsigai breed) depending on lactation stage in area of Slovakia with slightly disturbed environment. To determine the real state of environment in the selected area, the study was extended to include analyses of the soil and animal feed (green pastures). Analyses of elements in soil were performed using ICP-OES and elements in feed and milk using the AAS-HG, AES-ICP, AAS-ETA, AAS-AMA, and AAS-F. Analyses of soil samples and feed samples revealed the presence of toxic elements in this area, but their concentrations did not affect concentrations in milk and were below the LOQ (limit quantification). Significant decrease of Ca as well as Mg and Zn (P < 0.05) concentrations was found between early and middle stages of lactation and significant increase between the middle and late of lactation period. Concentration of Se and Fe in milk during the lactation significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the last stage of lactation. Concentration of Cu in milk of sheep was below LOQ during all stages of lactation. In the milk of sheep during the lactation stages, the significant positive correlations between concentrations of the following elements were observed: Ca-Mg, Fe-Se, Ca-Se, Ca-Fe, Mg-Se, Mg-Fe, Ca-Zn, and Mg-Zn. The low concentrations, below LOQ of selected toxic elements in milk of ewes, indicate the safety of this milk for direct consumption or for further food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pšenková
- Department of Veterinary Disciplines, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Róbert Toman
- Department of Veterinary Disciplines, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76, Nitra, Slovakia
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Kumar N, Bhushan S, Gupta SK, Kumar P, Chandan NK, Singh DK, Kumar P. Metal determination and biochemical status of marine fishes facilitate the biomonitoring of marine pollution. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 170:112682. [PMID: 34218033 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the bioaccumulation of chromium, manganese, cobalt, copper, zinc, selenium, arsenic, strontium, cadmium, tin, antimony and lead in tissues of thirty marine fish species collected from New Ferry Whorf, Sassoon dock and Versova fishing harbour in Mumbai, India, were analysed. The bioaccumulation patterns of these twelve elements were determined to assess pollution biomarkers based on cellular and oxidative stresses. Catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-s-transferase, glycolytic enzymes viz. lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase, protein metabolism enzymes viz. aspartate transferase and alanine transferase, and lipid peroxidation were significantly higher in muscle and gill tissues. The activities of the neurotransmitter enzyme acetylcholine esterase in muscle and brain tissues was inhibited due to pollution. This study suggested that biochemical attributes such as oxidative stress enzymes, cellular biomarkers, neurotransmitter enzymes and metal and metalloid contamination could be successfully employed, even at low concentrations, as reliable biomarkers for biomonitoring of contaminated marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Maharashtra 413115, India.
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400061, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agriculture Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834010, India
| | - Prem Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackish Water Aquaculture, Kakdwip Research Center, Kakdwip, West Bengal 743347, India
| | - Nitish Kumar Chandan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneshwar, Orissa-751002, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400061, India
| | - Paritosh Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Maharashtra 413115, India
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The importance of Cu × Pb interactions to Lentinula edodes yield, major/trace elements accumulation and antioxidants. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDue to the use of various substrates
in the production of edible mushrooms which may contain metals, including Cu and Pb, it is important to understand the influence of mutual interactions between them in the process of their accumulation in fruit bodies. For this reason, the effects of Cu, Pb, and Cu × Pb on yield, accumulation of five major elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na and P), trace elements (Cu, Pb and Fe) and some bioactive compounds in Lentinula edodes fruit bodies were studied. Both the metals were added in doses of 0.1 and 0.5 mM (Cu0.1, Cu0.5, Pb0.1, Pb0.5 and their combinations). The addition of the metals resulted in a reduction in size, amount and finally yield of fruit bodies. Depending on the presence of Cu and or Pb and their concentration in the substrate, both antagonism and synergism may occur. The influence on the accumulation of other determining elements was also recorded. Among phenolic compounds, phenolic acids and flavonoids were detected. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid dominated in fruit bodies in the control variant, Pb0.1, Pb0.5 and all experimental variants enriched with Cu + Pb, while gallic acid was the major phenolic after Cu0.1 and Cu0.5 addition. Only protocatechuic acid content increased in all combinations. A significant decrease of all aliphatic acid contents in comparison to the control variant was observed in the Cu0.1 and Pb0.1 variants. Significant stimulation of aliphatic acid synthesis was recorded in Cu0.5 and Pb0.5 variants and in the mixture of both the metals. The additions pointed to the possible role of the determined molecules in detoxification mechanisms.
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Cheng X, Xu HD, Ran HH, Liang G, Wu FG. Glutathione-Depleting Nanomedicines for Synergistic Cancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8039-8068. [PMID: 33974797 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells frequently exhibit resistance to various molecular and nanoscale drugs, which inevitably affects the drugs' therapeutic outcomes. Overexpression of glutathione (GSH) has been observed in many cancer cells, and solid evidence has corroborated the resulting tumor resistance to a variety of anticancer therapies, suggesting that this biochemical characteristic of cancer cells can be developed as a potential target for cancer treatments. The single treatment of GSH-depleting agents can potentiate the responses of the cancer cells to different cell death stimuli; therefore, as an adjunctive strategy, GSH depletion is usually combined with mainstream cancer therapies for enhancing the therapeutic outcomes. Propelled by the rapid development of nanotechnology, GSH-depleting agents can be readily constructed into anticancer nanomedicines, which have shown a steep rise over the past decade. Here, we review the common GSH-depleting nanomedicines which have been widely applied in synergistic cancer treatments in recent years. Some current challenges and future perspectives for GSH depletion-based cancer therapies are also presented. With the understanding of the structure-property relationship and action mechanisms of these biomaterials, we hope that the GSH-depleting nanotechnology will be further developed to realize more effective disease treatments and even achieve successful clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Dong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Huan Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Gaolin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
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The Levels of Mineral Elements and Toxic Metals in the Longissimus lumborum Muscle, Hair and Selected Organs of Red Deer ( Cervus elaphus L.) in Poland. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051231. [PMID: 33923214 PMCID: PMC8145373 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The relationships between nutritive elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Na, K, Ca and Mg) and toxic metals (Pb and Cd) can inform the assessment of health status of red deer, which are exposed to pollution in their natural environment. These elements in the longissimus lumborum muscle, hair and selected organs of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) were analysed. The study revealed many significant correlations between the levels of elements and their high variability in individual tissues and organs. The accumulation of a specific metal in a tissue or organ can reduce its concentration in another matrix or promote increased content in another tissue or organ. Abstract The aim of the study was to analyse correlations and variability between the levels of mineral elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Na, K, Ca and Mg) and toxic metals (Pb and Cd) in the longissimus lumborum muscle, hair and selected organs of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.). The levels of mineral elements were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (F-AAS). The levels of Pb and Cd were analysed by means of electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (ET-AAS). Of all analysed microelements, the highest concentration (in g·kg−1 of dry weight) was found for Fe in the liver. Considering all macroelements, the highest level was found for K in the longissimus lumborum muscle. Particularly remarkable was the high level of Pb in the muscle and hair of red deer. The level of Cd in the hair was four to five times lower than in other samples. The study revealed many significant correlations between the levels of certain elements in individual tissues and organs. There were significant correlations between Cu-Fe (rxy = 0.650; p ≤ 0.01), Pb-Cu (rxy = −0.863; p ≤ 0.01) and Cd-Ca (rxy = −0.743; p ≤ 0.01) in testicles. For kidneys, a significant negative correlation was found for K and Na (rxy = −0.779; p ≤ 0.01) and for Ca and Cd (rxy = −0.695; p ≤ 0.01), and a positive correlation between Cu and Mn (rxy = 0.693; p ≤ 0.01). In the liver, significant negative correlations were found between Ca-K (rxy = −0.654; p ≤ 0.05), Cd-Fe (rxy = −0.651; p ≤ 0.05) and Pb-Cu (rxy = −0.627; p ≤ 0.05). In the muscle, only single significant correlations were found between Cd and Mn (rxy = 0.648; p ≤ 0.05). The highest number of significant correlations were recorded for the hair, among others between Na-K (rxy = 0.760) and Ca-Zn (rxy = 0.709) at p ≤ 0.01. The study revealed high variability in the levels of mineral elements and selected toxic metals in tissues, organs and hair of red deer. Additionally, this research confirmed that the accumulation of a specific metal in a tissue or organ can reduce its concentration in another matrix or promote its increased content in another tissue or organ.
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Tejwan N, Saini AK, Sharma A, Singh TA, Kumar N, Das J. Metal-doped and hybrid carbon dots: A comprehensive review on their synthesis and biomedical applications. J Control Release 2020; 330:132-150. [PMID: 33340566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are the most promising candidates of the carbon family with superior properties like ultra-small size, high aqueous solubility, low cytotoxicity, and inherent photoluminescence which makes them suitable for diverse biomedical applications. Methods have been developed to enhance their applications. Doping/surface passivation of CDs improves their physicochemical properties, visible light absorption probability, and quantum yield by controlling their size, morphology, structure, and band-gap energy. Recently, metal-doped CDs have emerged as an important class of nanomaterials with numerous biomedical applications. Additionally, the conjugation of CDs with semiconductor metal-oxide nanoparticles (NPs) enhances their free radical production rates under visible light irradiation. Conjugation of fluorescent CDs with magnetic NPs leads to the development of multimodal imaging platforms. Similarly, ternary conjugates composed of fluorescent CDs, near-infrared (NIR) responsive, and magnetic NPs are useful for multi-modal imaging-guided, and NIR-responsive synergistic chemo-phototherapy. However, no comprehensive review is published yet which covers metal-doped and hybrid CDs. Therefore, herein we provide detailed information about their synthesis and important biomedical applications. Firstly, we have covered various synthesis methods for CD conjugation including the critical analysis of the effects of the reaction conditions and doping/conjugation on the structure and properties of the CDs. Then we have extensively reviewed their biomedical applications as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and bioimaging agents, and in the field of cancer phototherapy with special emphasis on their mechanisms of actions. Finally, the future directions of research and the applications of the metal-doped and hybrid CDs have been discussed. We believe that this review article will enrich the understanding of different synthetic routes of CD-nanocomposites and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Tejwan
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India; Himalayan Centre for Excellence in Nanotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India
| | - Adesh K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Haryana 133207, India; Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Kumarhatti, Solan, HP 173229, India
| | - Anirudh Sharma
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India; Himalayan Centre for Excellence in Nanotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India
| | - Th Abhishek Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India; Himalayan Centre for Excellence in Nanotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Faculty of Applied Science and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 73229, India
| | - Joydeep Das
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India; Himalayan Centre for Excellence in Nanotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India.
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Rahman M, Islam MA, Zaved MM. Assessment of Essential and Potentially Toxic Elements and Possible Health Risks in Hylocereus undatus and Punica granatum. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:707-713. [PMID: 32048147 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates essential and toxic element contents in dragon (Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) Britton and Rose) and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and possible health risks through the consumption of these fruits. Total concentrations of 15 chemical elements (Al, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) techniques. This study indicates that these fruits are a vital source of essential elements for human health. It is observed that Pb concentrations were higher in both fruits whereas Cd concentrations were slightly higher than WHO/FAO tolerable levels only in pomegranate. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of the chemical elements was within the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI) values. Furthermore, target hazard quotient (THQ) values were also within the safe level (THQ < 1). However, the calculated target carcinogenic risk (TCR) values of Cd for pomegranate and Cr for dragon fruit were higher than the maximum limit (1.0 × 10-4) for children. Finally, this study will create public awareness about micronutrient contents as well as metal contaminations of the studied fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rahman
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
- Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - M A Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - M M Zaved
- Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
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Wang X, Mukherjee B, Karvonen-Gutierrez CA, Herman WH, Batterman S, Harlow SD, Park SK. Urinary metal mixtures and longitudinal changes in glucose homeostasis: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 145:106109. [PMID: 32927284 PMCID: PMC7577932 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies on associations between metals and insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction have been cross-sectional and focused on individual metals. OBJECTIVE We assessed the association of exposure to metal mixtures, based on assessment of 15 urinary metals, with both baseline levels and longitudinal changes in homeostatic model assessments for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β). METHODS We examined 1262 women, aged 45-56 years at baseline (1999-2000), who were followed through 2015-2016, from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Urinary concentrations of 15 metals (arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, cesium, copper, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, antimony, tin, thallium, and zinc) were determined at baseline. HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were repeatedly measured over 16 years of follow-up. A two-stage modeling was used to account for correlations in dependent and independent variables: In stage-1, linear mixed effects models were used to estimate the participant-specific baseline HOMA levels from random intercepts and participant-specific rates of changes from random slopes. In stage-2, adaptive elastic-net (AENET) models were fit to identify components of metal mixtures associated with participant-specific baseline levels and rates of changes in HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, respectively. An environmental risk score (ERS) was used to integrate metal mixture effects from AENET results. RESULTS In multivariable adjusted AENET models, urinary zinc was associated with higher HOMA-IR at baseline, whereas molybdenum was associated with lower HOMA-IR at baseline. The estimated changes in baseline HOMA-IR for one standard deviation increase in log-transformed urinary metal concentrations were 5.76% (3.05%, 8.55%) for zinc and -3.25% (-5.45%, -1.00%) for molybdenum, respectively. Urinary zinc was also associated with lower HOMA- β at baseline. Arsenic was associated with a slightly faster rate of decline in HOMA-β in the AENET model evaluating associations between metals and rate of changes. Significant associations of ERS with both HOMA-IR and HOMA-β at baseline were observed. ERS for the rate of changes was not calculated and examined in relation to rates of changes in HOMA-IR and HOMA-β because only a single metal was selected by AENET. CONCLUSION Exposure to metal mixtures may be exerting effects on insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, which might be mechanisms by which metal exposures lead to elevated diabetes risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - William H Herman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stuart Batterman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Siobán D Harlow
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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MUDGAL VISHAL, GARG ANILKUMAR, DASS RAMSHARAN. Pharmacological levels of copper and selenium augmenting good cholesterol in serum of healthy male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v90i7.106677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Dietary pharmacological/supra-nutritional level of copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) was investigated in the ration of dairy buffalo calves. Male Murrah buffalo (20) calves (8–9 months, 112.1±7.69 kg body weight) were divided into 4 equal groups and fed basal diet (control, Cu =10.4 ppm and Se = 0.23 ppm) or basal diet supplemented with 10 ppm Cu (T1), 0.3 ppm Se (T2) or combination of 10 ppm Cu with 0.3 ppm Se (T3) for a period of 120 days. During experimental period blood samples were collected on days 0, 40, 80, and 120 and subjected for analysis of serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) for assessment of the pharmacological effect of trace minerals Cu and Se either alone or in combination. Supplementation of Cu alone (T1) or in combination with Se (T3) had reduced total cholesterol level from 80th day onward, whereas HDL remained high in all the supplemented groups at 120th day of observation as compared to control. It may be concluded that pharmacological level of Cu is helpful in reducing serum cholesterol levels, but Cu and Se was helpful for the augmentation of HDL levels of serum in buffaloes.
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González-Montaña JR, Escalera-Valente F, Alonso AJ, Lomillos JM, Robles R, Alonso ME. Relationship between Vitamin B12 and Cobalt Metabolism in Domestic Ruminant: An Update. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1855. [PMID: 33053716 PMCID: PMC7601760 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cobalt, as a trace element, is essential for rumen microorganisms for the formation of vitamin B12. In the metabolism of mammals, vitamin B12 is an essential part of two enzymatic systems involved in multiple metabolic reactions, such as in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, some amino acids and DNA. Adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin are coenzymes of methylmalonyl coenzyme A (CoA) mutase and methionine synthetase and are essential for obtaining energy through ruminal metabolism. Signs of cobalt deficiency range from hyporexia, reduced growth and weight loss to liver steatosis, anemia, impaired immune function, impaired reproductive function and even death. Cobalt status in ruminant animals can be assessed by direct measurement of blood or tissue concentrations of cobalt or vitamin B12, as well as the level of methylmalonic acid, homocysteine or transcobalamin in blood; methylmalonic acid in urine; some variables hematological; food consumption or growth of animals. In general, it is assumed that the requirement for cobalt (Co) is expressed around 0.11 ppm (mg/kg) in the dry matter (DM) diet; current recommendations seem to advise increasing Co supplementation and placing it around 0.20 mg Co/kg DM. Although there is no unanimous criterion about milk production, fattening or reproductive rates in response to increased supplementation with Co, in some investigations, when the total Co of the diet was approximately 1 to 1.3 ppm (mg/kg), maximum responses were observed in the milk production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose-Ramiro González-Montaña
- Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy Veterinary Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (A.J.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Francisco Escalera-Valente
- Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic 69130, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Angel J. Alonso
- Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy Veterinary Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (A.J.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Juan M. Lomillos
- Production and Health Animal, Public Health Veterinary and Science and Technology of Food Department, Veterinary Faculty, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Roberto Robles
- Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy Veterinary Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (A.J.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Marta E. Alonso
- Animal Production Department, Veterinary Faculty, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
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Nejad JG, Lee BH, Kim JY, Park KH, Kim WS, Sung KI, Lee HG. Effect of water scarcity during thermal-humidity exposure on the mineral footprint of sheep. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020; 33:1940-1947. [PMID: 32819082 PMCID: PMC7649405 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.20.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Combination of two stressors on alteration of mineral footprints in animals needs due attention to meet maximum production and welfare, particularly in grazing sheep. This study tested whether ewes (Ovis aries) exposed to water deprivation and thermal-humidity stressors had altered mineral footprints in their wool, serum, urine, and feces. METHODS Nine ewes (age = 3 years; mean body weight = 41±3.5 kg) were divided among a control group with free access to water, and treatment groups with water deprivation lasting either 2 h (2hWD) or 3 h (3hWD) after feeding. Using a 3×3 Latin square design, animals were assigned to treatment groups for three sampling periods of 21 days each (n = 9). Blood was collected by jugular venipuncture. Wool was collected at the end of periods 2 and 3. Metabolic crates designed with metal grated floors were used for urine and feces collection. We measured sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). RESULTS The wool mineral levels did not differ between the treatment groups, although K was marginally lower (p = 0.10) in the 2hWD group. The serum and urine mineral levels did not differ between the treatments (p>0.05). Fecal K was significantly lower in the 2hWD group than in the other groups (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, water deprivation and thermal-humidity exposure altered the excretion of K, but not of other minerals, in the wool, urine, feces, or serum of ewes. Thus, no additional mineral supplementation is needed for water deprived ewes during thermalhumidity exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalil Ghassemi Nejad
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Bae-Hun Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 31000, Korea
| | - Ji-Yung Kim
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Kyu-Hyun Park
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Won-Seob Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Kyung-Il Sung
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hong-Gu Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Pšenková M, Toman R, Tančin V. Concentrations of toxic metals and essential elements in raw cow milk from areas with potentially undisturbed and highly disturbed environment in Slovakia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:26763-26772. [PMID: 32378111 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary composition and husbandry practices largely determine the essential trace element status and the toxic metal exposure of livestock and consequently their concentrations in animal products. The main objective of this study was to determine the real contamination of selected areas of Slovakia compared with existing Environmental regionalization of the Slovak Republic (SR) created by the Ministry of the Environment SR. Another aim of this study was to determine the content of essential and toxic metals in feed and milk of dairy cows on selected farms in Slovakia referred to the suitability of the use of milk from these areas to other food processing. This article deals with the analysis of the content of selected elements in feed and milk of dairy cows in the area of Novoť (Northern Slovakia; area with undisturbed environment) and Čečejovce (Eastern Slovakia; highly disturbed environment). Eleven elements have been analyzed (essential elements: calcium, zinc, magnesium, selenium, iron, copper; toxic elements: arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel). Samples of feed and milk were collected five times during the spring season and five times during the autumn season in 2016. Analysis of samples was performed in Eurofins Bel/Novamann (Nové Zámky, Slovak Republic). Analyses were performed by atomic absorption spectroscopy and atomic emission spectrometry. The obtained values of the individual elements in the feed and milk were evaluated by Student's t test. Significantly higher contents of essential elements Ca, Zn, Fe, Mg, and Cu were found in the feed of dairy cows in Čečejovce (P < 0.001). Significantly higher (P < 0.001) As and Ni content in feed in Čečejovce in autumn season was also recorded. However, the content of these elements in feed did not affect their milk content. The content of Ca, Zn, and Mg in milk was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in Novoť in both investigated seasons. Some essential elements and toxic elements in feed and milk were below the LOQ (limit of quantification). Reduced content of Ca and Zn in milk in both farms compared with optimal limits, decreased Ca and Mg content in feed in Novoť, and a significant increase of Ca and Mg in feed in Čečejovce in autumn season were found. It can be concluded, due to the low content of toxic elements on these farms, that the use of milk of dairy cows from these areas for direct use or for dairy product processing is appropriate and poses no health risk to the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pšenková
- Department of Veterinary Disciplines, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Róbert Toman
- Department of Veterinary Disciplines, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Tančin
- Department of Veterinary Disciplines, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
- NPPC- Research Institute for Animal Production, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41, Lužianky, Slovakia
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Ramos-H D, Medellín RA, Morton-Bermea O. Insectivorous bats as biomonitor of metal exposure in the megalopolis of Mexico and rural environments in Central Mexico. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 185:109293. [PMID: 32217363 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Megalopolis of Mexico is one of the largest cities in the world and presents substantial problems of metal pollution. Insectivorous bats that inhabit this city are potentially exposed to metals and could therefore serve as a good biomonitor. We collected 70 adult male individuals of Tadarida brasiliensis (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from two areas inside the Megalopolis (Cuautitlán and Xochimilco) and two rural environments in Central Mexico (Tequixquiac and Tlalcozotitlán). We analyzed livers to determine the total concentrations of ten metals by the ICP-MS technique, compared concentrations among study sites to provide evidence of metal exposure, and explored the associations between metals and their accumulation patterns in bats. The hepatic metal concentrations we recorded were generally consistent with those of similar studies in insectivorous bats. Higher concentrations of Cu and Zn in Cuautitlán and Xochimilco bats were associated with vehicular traffic. Higher concentrations of V, Cr, and Co in Tequixquiac bats and Cd in Tlalcozotitlán bats were linked with industrial, agricultural, or sewage sources. Variations in Fe and Mn concentrations were related to geogenic sources or local conditions. Similar Ni and Pb concentrations were linked with strong homeostatic controls or historical pollution. Accumulation patterns showed that all urban bats belonged to a single population with similar degrees of metal exposure, while rural bats belonged to two different populations exposed to different metals. Our results highlight the need to monitor the emissions generated by particular sources in each study site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ramos-H
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Laboratorio de Ecología y Conservación de Vertebrados Terrestres, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Rodrigo A Medellín
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Conservación de Vertebrados Terrestres, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ofelia Morton-Bermea
- Laboratorio de ICP-MS, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Soil chemical evaluation and power plant ash impact on chemical properties of Salix alba L. (Fam. Salicaceae): The impact of bioaccumulation. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2397847320924849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants grown under contaminated conditions exhibit differences in metal absorption, accumulation, and transportation, and these differences are seen in different plant parts. Metal content in the soil and bark samples collected next to the Sitnica river, which passes through the industrial area of thermal power plants in Kosovo, was measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The total metal concentration in willow bark collected from the polluted area of Obilic, Kosovo, ranged 5260–22,280 mg/kg for calcium (Ca), 840–1680 mg/kg for magnesium (Mg), 66.79–910.75 mg/kg for iron (Fe), 5.09–28.66 mg/kg for copper (Cu), 56.39–140.94 mg/kg for zinc (Zn), 19.68–392.75 mg/kg for manganese (Mn), 6.49–10.09 mg/kg for nickel (Ni), 0.10–4.49 mg/kg for cadmium (Cd), 0.85–1.89 mg/kg for chromium (Cr), and 67.79–94.77 mg/kg for aluminum (Al). Data analysis indicated that correlation between trace elements in the soil and willow bark samples varied with the highest observed in Ni(s)/Zn(p) and Fe(s)/Ca(p) followed by Fe(s)/Mg(p), Al(s)/Ca(p), Cr(s)/Mg(p), Cr(s)/Cu(p), Ni(s)/Ni(p), Cu(s)/Ca(p), and Cu(s)/Zn(p). Correlations among trace elements within willow bark samples varied. The correlation between Cr and Al concentration was the highest, followed by that between Ni and Al. A significantly strong correlation was observed between Al and Fe, Ni and Cr, Cr and Fe, Ni and Fe, and Ca and Mg. The highest transfer factor was established in Zn, followed by Cu > Ni > Cr > Al > Fe.
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Gajewska K, Błażewicz A, Laskowska M, Niziński P, Dymara-Konopka W, Komsta Ł. Chemical elements and preeclampsia - An overview of current problems, challenges and significance of recent research. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 59:126468. [PMID: 32007824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Data on the elemental status, redistribution of the elements, role of occupational exposure and dietary assessment in preeclampsia (PE) are scarce. There are many disparities in the findings of essential and non-essential elements' role in PE. In this article we overview the changes in the content of selected elements in pregnancy complicated with the disorder of complex and not fully understood etiology. We have focused on important limitations and highlighted shortcomings in research from the last ten years period. METHODS The Scopus and PubMed electronic databases have been searched for English-language articles published within the time interval 2008-2018, with full text available and with the key words "preeclampsia" and "chemical element" (i.e. separately: Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Mo, Co, Cr, Mn, Se, I, Fe, Sr, Cu, Zn, Mg, K and Na) appearing in the title, abstract or keywords. RESULTS A total of 48 publications were eligible for this overview. Surprisingly only 4% of papers considered environmental exposure, 8%- diet and 2 %- comorbid diseases. In most published papers, occupational exposure was neglected. Meta-analysis was possible for seven elements in serum (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, Zn), and two elements (Se, Zn) in plasma. It showed negative shift for most elements, however only several were statistically significant. CONLUSIONS The overview of the published data on PE and chemical elements yields varied results. Some of the reasons may be the difference in not duly validated method of determination, and huge discrepancies in study designs. The lack of detailed description of studied and control population and small number of samples constitute the most common limitations of such studies. Many of them describe the use of a single analytical procedure, therefore the quality of research may be insufficient to obtain reliable results. A history of elements' status and intake before and during pregnancy is usually not examined. Dietary assessment should be done at different stages of pregnancy, and whenever possible in the periconceptional period as well. It still needs to be established whether the deficiency of certain elements or their excess may be an etiopathogenic factor and a developmental cause of PE, and if it may serve as a target of actions in the causal treatment or even prevention of the occurrence of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gajewska
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Błażewicz
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Marzena Laskowska
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Przemysław Niziński
- Chair of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Łukasz Komsta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Medical Analytics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
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Niehoff NM, Keil AP, O'Brien KM, Jackson BP, Karagas MR, Weinberg CR, White AJ. Metals and trace elements in relation to body mass index in a prospective study of US women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109396. [PMID: 32209500 PMCID: PMC7153007 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies on the association between metals and body mass index (BMI) have been cross-sectional and have demonstrated inconsistent associations. Our study prospectively examined whether metals measured at baseline were associated with later BMI. We considered metals individually and as joint exposure to pre-defined metal groupings. METHODS We measured concentrations of 16 metals in toenails collected at baseline (2003-2009) in a subset of 1221 women from the Sister Study. We calculated BMI from height and weight reported on a follow-up questionnaire an average of 5.2 years (range = 3.5-8.3) after baseline. Multivariable linear regression was used to estimate β coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between BMI and individual metals (with estimates given per interquartile range (IQR) increase or in quartiles). Quantile g-computation was used to examine joint associations between groups of metals and BMI. Groups considered were (1) all metals combined, and metals classified as (2) non-essential or (3) essential. RESULTS In individual metal models we found that, with the exception of cobalt, no single metal was strongly related to BMI. In our mixture analyses, a quartile increase in all non-essential metals was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.00, 0.63 kg/m2), whereas essential metals were suggestively associated with lower BMI (β = -0.25; 95%CI: 0.58, 0.07 kg/m2). CONCLUSIONS In this population of women who were, on average, overweight, essential metals were jointly associated with slightly healthier, lower BMI whereas non-essential metals were jointly associated with slightly higher, unhealthier BMI, after controlling for other health indicators and predictors of metals exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Niehoff
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology and Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Clarice R Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Wang Q, Sun M, Li D, Li C, Luo C, Wang Z, Zhang W, Yang Z, Feng Y, Wang S, He Z, Zhang H, Kan Q, Sun W, Sun J. Cytochrome P450 enzyme-mediated auto-enhanced photodynamic cancer therapy of co-nanoassembly between clopidogrel and photosensitizer. Theranostics 2020; 10:5550-5564. [PMID: 32373230 PMCID: PMC7196307 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) has a widespread application in cancer therapy. Nevertheless, the efficiency of PDT is far from satisfactory. One major impediment is the overexpression of glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells, which could deplete the level of PDT-generated ROS. Herein, we develop a novel type of cytochrome P450 enzyme-mediated auto-enhanced photodynamic co-nanoassembly between clopidogrel (CPG) and photosensitizer pyropheophorbide a (PPa). Methods: In this work, we prepare the co-assembled nanoparticles of CPG and PPa (CPG/PPa NPs) by using one-step precipitation method. The assembly mechanism, drug release behavior, GSH consumption, ROS generation, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity of CPG/PPa NPs are investigated in vitro. The mice bearing 4T1 tumor are employed to evaluate in vivo biodistribution and anti-tumor effect of CPG/PPa NPs. Results: Such CPG/PPa NPs could disrupt the intracellular redox homeostasis, resulting from the elimination of GSH by CPG active metabolite mediated by cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP2C19). The in vivo assays reveal that CPG/PPa NPs not only increase the drug accumulation in tumor sites but also significantly suppress tumor growth in BALB/c mice bearing 4T1 tumor. With CPG-mediated GSH consumption and PPa-triggered ROS generation, CPG/PPa NPs show the enhanced PDT treatment effect by breaking intracellular redox balance. Conclusion: Our findings provide a valuable knowledge for the rational design of the PDT-based combinational cancer therapy.
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Pilarczyk B, Tomza-Marciniak A, Pilarczyk R, Udała J, Kruzhel B, Ligocki M. Content of essential and non-essential elements in wild animals from western Ukraine and the health risks associated with meat and liver consumption. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125506. [PMID: 31812057 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The meat and offal from game animals may act as sources of both essential and non-essential elements and the presence of high levels of toxic elements in their tissues can pose a serious threat to human health. The purpose of the work was to determine the levels of selected toxic and non-toxic elements in the tissues of free-living animals from western Ukraine and to assess the health risks associated with meat and liver consumption. The test material comprised muscle, liver and kidney samples taken from 12 wild boar (Sus scrofa), 10 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 8 hares (Lepus europaeus L.). All material was obtained from the Lviv region, western Ukraine. The obtained results indicate the presence of a relatively high Pb content in free-living animals in western Ukraine. The permissible concentration of this element was exceeded in all meat and offal samples. In the case of Cd, exceeded permissible values were observed in the muscle of wild boar (30% of samples) and kidney of wild boar (8% of samples), roe deer (20% of samples) and brown hare (12% of samples). The highest HQ values were observed for Fe, Cd, Zn and Mn in the consumed liver and meat of the tested animals. However, in neither case was the HQ or HI found to be greater than 1, which indicates a low probability of the development of adverse health effects associated with the consumption of game.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumiła Pilarczyk
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Renata Pilarczyk
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Jan Udała
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Barna Kruzhel
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, Lviv State Agrarian University, Lviv-Dubljany, 80381, Ukraine
| | - Marek Ligocki
- Department of Poultry and Ornamental Bird Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland.
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Ohanian M, Telouk P, Kornblau S, Albarede F, Ruvolo P, Tidwell RSS, Plesa A, Kanagal-Shamanna R, Matera EL, Cortes J, Carson A, Dumontet C. A heavy metal baseline score predicts outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Hematol 2020; 95:422-434. [PMID: 31944361 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite abundant epidemiological data linking metals to leukemia and other cancers, baseline values of toxic and essential metals in patients with leukemia and the clinical impact of these metals remain unknown. Thus, we sought to quantify metal values in untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and controls and determine the impact of metal values on AML patients' survival. Serum samples from patients with untreated AML and controls at Hospices Civils de Lyon were analyzed and compared for trace metals and copper isotopic abundance ratios with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Survival analysis was performed as a function of metal values, and a multi-metal score was developed for patients with AML. Serum samples were collected from 67 patients with untreated AML and 94 controls. Most patients had intermediate-risk cytogenetics (63.1%) without FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutations (75.6%) or NPM1 mutations (68.1%). Most metal values differed significantly between AML and control groups. Patients with lower magnesium and higher cadmium values had the worst survival rates, with only 36% surviving at 6 months (P = .001). The adverse prognostic effect of this combination was maintained on multivariate analysis. Based on this, we developed a novel metal score, which accounts for multiple relative abnormalities in the values of five toxic and five essential metals. Patients with a higher metal score had significantly worse survival, which was maintained on multivariate analysis (P = .03). This baseline metal scoring system was also prognostic when we applied it to a separate population of front-line AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maro Ohanian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Philippe Telouk
- Department of Géosciences, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Steven Kornblau
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Francis Albarede
- Department of Géosciences, École Normal Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Ruvolo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rebecca S S Tidwell
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Adriana Plesa
- CRCL, INSERM 1052/CNRS 5286, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eva-Laure Matera
- CRCL, INSERM 1052/CNRS 5286, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Arch Carson
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Charles Dumontet
- CRCL, INSERM 1052/CNRS 5286, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Slivinska LG, Shcherbatyy AR, Lukashchuk BO, Gutyj BV. The state of antioxidant protection system in cows under the influence of heavy metals. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.15421/022035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly relevant problem of modern veterinary science is the study of features and mechanisms of combined action of the most common heavy metals – cadmium and plumbum and their influence on the body of humans and animals in the regions of Ukraine under technogenic pollution. The purpose of the work was to study the influence of heavy metals on the state of the antioxidant protection system of cows, in particular on the content of lipid peroxidation products (malonic dialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides and diene conjugates), and activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase), depending on the distance to the heaps of mines in the coal basin. The study objects were cows of black-and-white breed at the age of 3–7 years. It was established that this parameter in the place with the highest concentration of diene conjugates in the blood of cows was by 25.8 % higher compared to the place of low concentration and 12.1 % higher compared to the place with medium concentration. In the place with the highest content of lipid hydroperoxides in the blood of cows the parameter was 23.7 % higher compared to the cows from the place with the low content. The concentration of lipid hydroperoxides in the blood of cows from the place with the medium content was 16.7% higher compared to the cows from the place with the low content. The parameter from the place with the lowest content of lipid hydroperoxides in the blood of cows was 12.1% lower compared to the place with the highest content. The level of malonic dialdehyde in the blood of cows from the technogenic pollution zone in the place with the largest amount was higher by 36.2; 34.0 and 18.8 % – compared to places with medium and low levels, respectively. The activity of superoxide dismutase in the blood of cows in the place with its highest activity was 0.284 ± 0.0099 % block. reac/g Hb, and in the place with the lowest activity – 0.23 ± 0.0051 % block. reac/g Hb. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the blood of cows in farms of the technogenic pollution zone depended on the distance to the mine. These researches will further develop effective methods of treating cows under the influence of heavy metals, in particular regarding the antioxidant system.
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Liu W, Mehmood N, Saeed H, Arshad M, Khan ZI, Muqaddas H. Quantitative analysis of lead in cows and buffaloes for health assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:8621-8627. [PMID: 31904097 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the concentration of highly toxic heavy metal, lead (Pb), in cows and buffaloes of Sargodha district, Punjab, Pakistan. Samples of three major organs (spleen, lungs, bones) from five localities were obtained from two age groups (< 2 years, > 2 years) of each animal. With the confidence level of 95%, the investigated results demonstrated that lead concentration ranged from 0.28 to 1.12 mg kg-1 and 0.31 to 0.83 mg kg-1 in cows and buffaloes respectively. Out of the three tested organs, spleen contained the highest level of Pb (0.64-0.83 mg/kg) followed by lungs (0.28-1.12 mg/kg) and bones (0.36-0.87 mg/kg). Furthermore, a significant increase of Pb was observed in older animals. It was demonstrated that both age groups had Pb accumulation higher than the standard limit of 0.1 mg kg-1. Serving as bioindicators, the presence of toxic levels of lead in the animals indicated environmental pollution and possible risks for public health. High lead concentration in dietary commodities from Sargodha district calls for the sound management of hazardous waste. High levels of this toxic metal also indicate the possible health risks to human population of the areas in Sargodha. It is highly needed to address this metal contamination and its probable entry route into the food chain of the domesticated animals. This must be further investigated to prevent animals from lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyi Liu
- Department of Zoology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Qing He West Road No. 100, Fuyang, 236037, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naunain Mehmood
- Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Humera Saeed
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Iqbal Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Hira Muqaddas
- Department of Zoology, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
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Kim JY, Oh S, Park YK. Overview of biochar production from preservative-treated wood with detailed analysis of biochar characteristics, heavy metals behaviors, and their ecotoxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121356. [PMID: 31628056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Concerns over the disposal of preservative-treated wood waste and its related environmental problems are the main driving forces of research into the recycling of preservative-treated wood. Preservative-treated wood waste composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin with several types of heavy metals can be recycled in various ways, such as wood-based composites, heavy metal extraction, energy recovery, etc. In particular, thermochemical conversion has attracted considerable attention recently because energy can be recovered from biomass as liquid fuel and bio-oil, as well as produce bio-char with a high carbon content, which can be applied to valuable products, such as soil amendment, adsorbents, solid fuels, and catalyst supports. On the other hand, environmental issues, such as heavy metal volatilization and heavy metal leaching, are still a challenge. This review reports the state-of-the-art knowledge of biochar production from preservative-treated wood with the main focus on the feedstock, process technology, biochar characteristics, application, and environmental issues. This review provides important information for future studies into the recycling of preservative-treated woods into biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Kim
- Division of Wood Chemistry, Forest Products Department, National Institute of Forest Science, 57 Hoegiro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinyoung Oh
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Patel N, Bergamaschi M, Cagnin M, Bittante G. Exploration of the effect of farm, breed, sex and animal on detailed mineral profile of beef and their latent explanatory factors. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nageshvar Patel
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) University of Padova viale dell’Università 16 35020 Legnaro Italy
| | - Matteo Bergamaschi
- Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University 27695 Raleigh NC USA
| | - Massimo Cagnin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) University of Padova viale dell’Università 16 35020 Legnaro Italy
| | - Giovanni Bittante
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE) University of Padova viale dell’Università 16 35020 Legnaro Italy
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50
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Patel N, Bergamaschi M, Magro L, Petrini A, Bittante G. Relationships of a Detailed Mineral Profile of Meat with Animal Performance and Beef Quality. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9121073. [PMID: 31816888 PMCID: PMC6940732 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simply Summary Minerals play direct or indirect role in different biological process of animals. These biological processes finally affect the meat quality. Therefore, analysis of minerals in cattle’s diet is important for assessing potential effects on beef quality. However, minerals profile and concentration in beef are affected by several factors such as animals rearing practices, age, environment, breed etc. Hence, we analyzed 20 minerals in 192 beef samples and studied the different sources of variation which affect the minerals profile in beef. In order to understand the complex and intriguing relations of beef qualities and minerals, we utilized correlation and factor analysis with 16 traits related to animal performance and beef quality. Our analysis shows many significant associations of minerals in beef with animal performance and beef qualities. Five groups of minerals (latent factors) were associated with almost all quality traits of beef. The knowledge about the mineral contents in beef is important to understand the complex interrelationships of animal rearing, farm management, environmental conditions with regard to animal performance and beef quality. Abstract The mineral profile of beef is a subject of human health interest, but also animal performance and meat quality. This study analyzes the relationships of 20 minerals in beef inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) with three animal performance and 13 beef quality traits analyzed on 182 samples of Longissimus thoracis. Animals’ breed and sex showed limited effects. The major sources of variation (farm/date of slaughter, individual animal within group and side/sample within animal) differed greatly from trait to trait. Mineral contents were correlated to animal performance and beef quality being significant 52 out of the 320 correlations at the farm/date level, and 101 out of the 320 at the individual animal level. Five latent factors explained 69% of mineral co-variation. The most important, “Mineral quantity” factor correlated with age at slaughter and with the beef color traits. Two latent factors (“Na + Fe + Cu” and “Fe + Mn”) correlated with performance and beef color traits. Two other (“K-B-Pb” and “Zn”) correlated with beef chemical composition and the latter also with carcass weight and daily gain, and beef color traits. Beef cooking losses correlated with “K-B-Pb”. Latent factor analysis appears be a useful means of disentangling the very complex relationships that the minerals in beef have with animal performance and beef quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageshvar Patel
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (L.M.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Bergamaschi
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Luciano Magro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (L.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Andrea Petrini
- Consorzio Tutela del Vitellone Bianco dell’Appennino Centrale, via delle Fascine 4, San Martino in Campo, 06132 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Bittante
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (L.M.); (G.B.)
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