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Jaffredo M, Krentz NA, Champon B, Duff CE, Nawaz S, Beer N, Honore C, Clark A, Rorsman P, Lang J, Gloyn AL, Raoux M, Hastoy B. Electrophysiological Characterization of Inducible Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Human β-Like Cells and an SLC30A8 Disease Model. Diabetes 2024; 73:1255-1265. [PMID: 38985991 PMCID: PMC11262041 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived human β-like cells (BLCs) hold promise for both therapy and disease modeling, but their generation remains challenging and their functional analyses beyond transcriptomic and morphological assessments remain limited. Here, we validate an approach using multicellular and single-cell electrophysiological tools to evaluate function of BLCs from pioneer protocols that can be easily adapted to more differentiated BLCs. The multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) measuring the extracellular electrical activity revealed that BLCs, like primary β-cells, are electrically coupled and produce slow potential (SP) signals that are closely linked to insulin secretion. We also used high-resolution single-cell patch clamp measurements to capture the exocytotic properties, and characterize voltage-gated sodium and calcium currents, and found that they were comparable with those in primary β- and EndoC-βH1 cells. The KATP channel conductance is greater than in human primary β-cells, which may account for the limited glucose responsiveness observed with MEA. We used MEAs to study the impact of the type 2 diabetes-protective SLC30A8 allele (p.Lys34Serfs50*) and found that BLCs with this allele have stronger electrical coupling activity. Our data suggest that BLCs can be used to evaluate the functional impact of genetic variants on β-cell function and coupling. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Jaffredo
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Nicole A.J. Krentz
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Benoite Champon
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Claire E. Duff
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Sameena Nawaz
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- King Abdulaziz University and University of Oxford Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine (KO-CAIPM), University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Nicola Beer
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | | | - Anne Clark
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Jochen Lang
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Anna L. Gloyn
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Matthieu Raoux
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Benoit Hastoy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- King Abdulaziz University and University of Oxford Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine (KO-CAIPM), University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
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Ghasemi Gojani E, Rai S, Norouzkhani F, Shujat S, Wang B, Li D, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Targeting β-Cell Plasticity: A Promising Approach for Diabetes Treatment. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7621-7667. [PMID: 39057094 PMCID: PMC11275945 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The β-cells within the pancreas play a pivotal role in insulin production and secretion, responding to fluctuations in blood glucose levels. However, factors like obesity, dietary habits, and prolonged insulin resistance can compromise β-cell function, contributing to the development of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). A critical aspect of this dysfunction involves β-cell dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, wherein these cells lose their specialized characteristics and adopt different identities, notably transitioning towards progenitor or other pancreatic cell types like α-cells. This process significantly contributes to β-cell malfunction and the progression of T2D, often surpassing the impact of outright β-cell loss. Alterations in the expressions of specific genes and transcription factors unique to β-cells, along with epigenetic modifications and environmental factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, underpin the occurrence of β-cell dedifferentiation and the onset of T2D. Recent research underscores the potential therapeutic value for targeting β-cell dedifferentiation to manage T2D effectively. In this review, we aim to dissect the intricate mechanisms governing β-cell dedifferentiation and explore the therapeutic avenues stemming from these insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (E.G.G.)
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (E.G.G.)
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Phang HJ, Heimler SR, Scandalis LM, Wing D, Moran R, Nichols JF, Moreno D, Shadel GS, Gage FH, Molina AJA. Protocol for the San Diego Nathan Shock Center Clinical Cohort: a new resource for studies of human aging. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082659. [PMID: 38925692 PMCID: PMC11202663 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While it is well recognised that aging is a heterogeneous process, our understanding of the determinants of biological aging and its heterogeneity remains unclear. The San Diego Nathan Shock Center (SD-NSC) Clinical Cohort aims to establish a resource of biospecimens and extensive donor clinical data such as physical, cognitive and sensory function to support other studies that aim to explore the heterogeneity of normal human aging and its biological underpinnings. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The SD-NSC Clinical Cohort is composed of 80 individuals across the adult human lifespan. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria are implemented to minimise extrinsic factors that may impede the study of normal aging. Across three visits, participants undergo extensive phenotyping for collection of physical performance, body composition, cognitive function, sensory ability, mental health and haematological data. During these visits, we also collected biospecimens including plasma, platelets, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and fibroblasts for banking and future studies on aging. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval from the UC San Diego School of Medicine Institutional Review Board (IRB #201 141 SHOCK Center Clinical Cohort, PI: Molina) was obtained on 11 November 2020. Written informed consent is obtained from all participants after objectives and procedures of the study have been fully explained. Congruent with the goal of establishing a core resource, biological samples and clinical data are made available to the research community through the SD-NSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard J Phang
- Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Lina M Scandalis
- Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David Wing
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ryan Moran
- Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jeanne F Nichols
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daniel Moreno
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gerald S Shadel
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Fred H Gage
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
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Morisseau L, Tokito F, Lucas M, Poulain S, Kim SH, Plaisance V, Pawlowski V, Legallais C, Jellali R, Sakai Y, Abderrahmani A, Leclerc E. Transcriptomic profiling analysis of the effect of palmitic acid on 3D spheroids of β-like cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Gene 2024; 917:148441. [PMID: 38608795 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is posing a serious public health concern with a considerable impact on human life and health expenditures worldwide. The disease develops when insulin plasma level is insufficient for coping insulin resistance, caused by the decline of pancreatic β-cell function and mass. In β-cells, the lipotoxicity exerted by saturated free fatty acids in particular palmitate (PA), which is chronically elevated in T2D, plays a major role in β-cell dysfunction and mass. However, there is a lack of human relevant in vitro model to identify the underlying mechanism through which palmitate induces β-cell failure. In this frame, we have previously developed a cutting-edge 3D spheroid model of β-like cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. In the present work, we investigated the signaling pathways modified by palmitate in β-like cells derived spheroids. When compared to the 2D monolayer cultures, the transcriptome analysis (FDR set at 0.1) revealed that the 3D spheroids upregulated the pancreatic markers (such as GCG, IAPP genes), lipids metabolism and transporters (CD36, HMGSC2 genes), glucose transporter (SLC2A6). Then, the 3D spheroids are exposed to PA 0.5 mM for 72 h. The differential analysis demonstrated that 32 transcription factors and 135 target genes were mainly modulated (FDR set at 0.1) including the upregulation of lipid and carbohydrates metabolism (HMGSC2, LDHA, GLUT3), fibrin metabolism (FGG, FGB), apoptosis (CASP7). The pathway analysis using the 135 selected targets extracted the fibrin related biological process and wound healing in 3D PA treated conditions. An overall pathway gene set enrichment analysis, performed on the overall gene set (with pathway significance cutoff at 0.2), highlighted that PA perturbs the citrate cycle, FOXO signaling and Hippo signaling as observed in human islets studies. Additional RT-PCR confirmed induction of inflammatory (IGFBP1, IGFBP3) and cell growth (CCND1, Ki67) pathways by PA. All these changes were associated with unaffected glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), suggesting that they precede the defect of insulin secretion and death induced by PA. Overall, we believe that our data demonstrate the potential of our spheroid 3D islet-like cells to investigate the pancreatic-like response to diabetogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Morisseau
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Fumiya Tokito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mathilde Lucas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Poulain
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Valérie Plaisance
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valérie Pawlowski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Rachid Jellali
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; CNRS/IIS IRL 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eric Leclerc
- CNRS/IIS IRL 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
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Oropeza D, Herrera PL. Glucagon-producing α-cell transcriptional identity and reprogramming towards insulin production. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:180-197. [PMID: 37626005 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
β-Cell replacement by in situ reprogramming of non-β-cells is a promising diabetes therapy. Following the observation that near-total β-cell ablation in adult mice triggers the reprogramming of pancreatic α-, δ-, and γ-cells into insulin (INS)-producing cells, recent studies are delving deep into the mechanisms controlling adult α-cell identity. Systematic analyses of the α-cell transcriptome and epigenome have started to pinpoint features that could be crucial for maintaining α-cell identity. Using different transgenic and chemical approaches, significant advances have been made in reprogramming α-cells in vivo into INS-secreting cells in mice. The recent reprogramming of human α-cells in vitro is an important step forward that must now be complemented with a comprehensive molecular dissection of the mechanisms controlling α-cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oropeza
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Luis Herrera
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Setiawan J, Rizal DM, Sofyantoro F, Priyono DS, Septriani NI, Mafiroh WU, Kotani T, Matozaki T, Putri WA. Bibliometric analysis of organoids in regenerative medicine-related research worldwide over two decades (2002-2022). Regen Med 2024; 19:119-133. [PMID: 38449425 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the trends in organoid culture research within the field of regenerative medicine from 2002 to 2022. Methods: The worldwide distribution of organoid research in regenerative medicine articles indexed in the Scopus database was analyzed. Result: A total of 840 documents were analyzed, averaging 42 publications annually. The USA (n = 296) led in publications, followed by China (n = 127), Japan (n = 91) and the UK (n = 75). Since 2011, research has surged, particularly in China, which emerged as a prominent center. Conclusion: The findings highlight significant growth in organoid research, promising future organ transplantation. Research trends integrate tissue engineering, gene modification and induced pluripotent stem cell technologies, reflecting a move toward personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jajar Setiawan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dicky Moch Rizal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fajar Sofyantoro
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Sendi Priyono
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nur Indah Septriani
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wulan Usfi Mafiroh
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Wahyu Aristyaning Putri
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Jarc L, Bandral M, Zanfrini E, Lesche M, Kufrin V, Sendra R, Pezzolla D, Giannios I, Khattak S, Neumann K, Ludwig B, Gavalas A. Regulation of multiple signaling pathways promotes the consistent expansion of human pancreatic progenitors in defined conditions. eLife 2024; 12:RP89962. [PMID: 38180318 PMCID: PMC10945307 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The unlimited expansion of human progenitor cells in vitro could unlock many prospects for regenerative medicine. However, it remains an important challenge as it requires the decoupling of the mechanisms supporting progenitor self-renewal and expansion from those mechanisms promoting their differentiation. This study focuses on the expansion of human pluripotent stem (hPS) cell-derived pancreatic progenitors (PP) to advance novel therapies for diabetes. We obtained mechanistic insights into PP expansion requirements and identified conditions for the robust and unlimited expansion of hPS cell-derived PP cells under GMP-compliant conditions through a hypothesis-driven iterative approach. We show that the combined stimulation of specific mitogenic pathways, suppression of retinoic acid signaling, and inhibition of selected branches of the TGFβ and Wnt signaling pathways are necessary for the effective decoupling of PP proliferation from differentiation. This enabled the reproducible, 2000-fold, over 10 passages and 40-45 d, expansion of PDX1+/SOX9+/NKX6-1+ PP cells. Transcriptome analyses confirmed the stabilization of PP identity and the effective suppression of differentiation. Using these conditions, PDX1+/SOX9+/NKX6-1+ PP cells, derived from different, both XY and XX, hPS cell lines, were enriched to nearly 90% homogeneity and expanded with very similar kinetics and efficiency. Furthermore, non-expanded and expanded PP cells, from different hPS cell lines, were differentiated in microwells into homogeneous islet-like clusters (SC-islets) with very similar efficiency. These clusters contained abundant β-cells of comparable functionality as assessed by glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assays. These findings established the signaling requirements to decouple PP proliferation from differentiation and allowed the consistent expansion of hPS cell-derived PP cells. They will enable the establishment of large banks of GMP-produced PP cells derived from diverse hPS cell lines. This approach will streamline SC-islet production for further development of the differentiation process, diabetes research, personalized medicine, and cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Jarc
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD)MunichGermany
| | - Manuj Bandral
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD)MunichGermany
| | - Elisa Zanfrini
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD)MunichGermany
| | - Mathias Lesche
- Dresden Concept Genome Centre (DcGC), TU DresdenDresdenGermany
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB) Technology Platform, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Vida Kufrin
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
| | - Raquel Sendra
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
| | - Daniela Pezzolla
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD)MunichGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Ioannis Giannios
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD)MunichGermany
| | - Shahryar Khattak
- Stem Cell Engineering Facility, (SCEF), CRTD, Faculty of Medicine, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Katrin Neumann
- Stem Cell Engineering Facility, (SCEF), CRTD, Faculty of Medicine, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Barbara Ludwig
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD)MunichGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Anthony Gavalas
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD)MunichGermany
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Morisseau L, Tokito F, Poulain S, Plaisance V, Pawlowski V, Kim SH, Legallais C, Jellali R, Sakai Y, Abderrahmani A, Leclerc E. Generation of β-like cell subtypes from differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells in 3D spheroids. Mol Omics 2023; 19:810-822. [PMID: 37698079 DOI: 10.1039/d3mo00050h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the identification of four different pancreatic β-cell subtypes and bi-hormomal cells playing a role in the diabetes pathogenesis, the search for in vitro models that mimics such cells heterogeneity became a key priority in experimental and clinical diabetology. We investigated the potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells to lead to the development of the different β-cells subtypes in honeycomb microwell-based 3D spheroids. The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion confirmed the spheroids functionality. Then, we performed a single cell RNA sequencing of the spheroids. Using a knowledge-based analysis with a stringency on the pancreatic markers, we extracted the β-cells INS+/UCN3+ subtype (11%; β1-like cells), the INS+/ST8SIA1+/CD9- subtype (3%, β3-like cells) and INS+/CD9+/ST8SIA1-subtype (1%; β2-like cells) consistently with literature findings. We did not detect the INS+/ST8SIA1+/CD9+ cells (β4-like cells). Then, we also identified four bi-hormonal cells subpopulations including δ-like cells (INS+/SST+, 6%), γ-like cells (INS+/PPY+, 3%), α-like-cells (INS+/GCG+, 6%) and ε-like-cells (INS+/GHRL+, 2%). Using data-driven clustering, we extracted four progenitors' subpopulations (with the lower level of INS gene) that included one population highly expressing inhibin genes (INHBA+/INHBB+), one population highly expressing KCNJ3+/TPH1+, one population expressing hepatocyte-like lineage markers (HNF1A+/AFP+), and one population expressing stem-like cell pancreatic progenitor markers (SOX2+/NEUROG3+). Furthermore, among the cycling population we found a large number of REST+ cells and CD9+ cells (CD9+/SPARC+/REST+). Our data confirm that our differentiation leads to large β-cell heterogeneity, which can be used for investigating β-cells plasticity under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Morisseau
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering UMR 7338, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Royallieu CS 60319, Compiègne, 60203 Cedex, France
| | - Fumiya Tokito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Stéphane Poulain
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Valerie Plaisance
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valerie Pawlowski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering UMR 7338, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Royallieu CS 60319, Compiègne, 60203 Cedex, France
| | - Rachid Jellali
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering UMR 7338, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Royallieu CS 60319, Compiègne, 60203 Cedex, France
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, CNRS/IIS IRL 2820, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eric Leclerc
- Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, CNRS/IIS IRL 2820, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
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9
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Zhang Y, Li X, Xing J, Zhou J, Li H. Chemical Transdifferentiation of Somatic Cells: Unleashing the Power of Small Molecules. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2913. [PMID: 38001913 PMCID: PMC10669320 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical transdifferentiation is a technique that utilizes small molecules to directly convert one cell type into another without passing through an intermediate stem cell state. This technique offers several advantages over other methods of cell reprogramming, such as simplicity, standardization, versatility, no ethical and safety concern and patient-specific therapies. Chemical transdifferentiation has been successfully applied to various cell types across different tissues and organs, and its potential applications are rapidly expanding as scientists continue to explore new combinations of small molecules and refine the mechanisms driving cell fate conversion. These applications have opened up new possibilities for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug discovery and tissue engineering. However, there are still challenges and limitations that need to be overcome before chemical transdifferentiation can be translated into clinical practice. These include low efficiency and reproducibility, incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms, long-term stability and functionality of the transdifferentiated cells, cell-type specificity and scalability. In this review, we compared the commonly used methods for cell transdifferentiation in recent years and discussed the current progress and future perspective of the chemical transdifferentiation of somatic cells and its potential impact on biomedicine. We believe that with ongoing research and technological advancements, the future holds tremendous promise for harnessing the power of small molecules to shape the cellular landscape and revolutionize the field of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Jianyu Xing
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150006, China;
| | - Jinsong Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
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10
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Jaffredo M, Krentz NAJ, Champon B, Duff CE, Nawaz S, Beer N, Honore C, Clark A, Rorsman P, Lang J, Gloyn AL, Raoux M, Hastoy B. Electrophysiological characterisation of iPSC-derived human β-like cells and an SLC30A8 disease model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.17.561014. [PMID: 37905040 PMCID: PMC10614917 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.17.561014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
iPSC-derived human β-like cells (BLC) hold promise for both therapy and disease modelling, but their generation remains challenging and their functional analyses beyond transcriptomic and morphological assessments remain limited. Here, we validate an approach using multicellular and single cell electrophysiological tools to evaluate BLCs functions. The Multi-Electrode Arrays (MEAs) measuring the extracellular electrical activity revealed that BLCs are electrically coupled, produce slow potential (SP) signals like primary β-cells that are closely linked to insulin secretion. We also used high-resolution single-cell patch-clamp measurements to capture the exocytotic properties, and characterize voltage-gated sodium and calcium currents. These were comparable to those in primary β and EndoC-βH1 cells. The KATP channel conductance is greater than in human primary β cells which may account for the limited glucose responsiveness observed with MEA. We used MEAs to study the impact of the type 2 diabetes protective SLC30A8 allele (p.Lys34Serfs*50) and found that BLCs with this allele have stronger electrical coupling. Our data suggest that with an adapted approach BLCs from pioneer protocol can be used to evaluate the functional impact of genetic variants on β-cell function and coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Jaffredo
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nano-objects, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Nicole A. J. Krentz
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Benoite Champon
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claire E. Duff
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sameena Nawaz
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Beer
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anne Clark
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jochen Lang
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nano-objects, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Anna L. Gloyn
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, USA
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthieu Raoux
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nano-objects, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Benoit Hastoy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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11
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Shilleh AH, Beard S, Russ HA. Enrichment of stem cell-derived pancreatic beta-like cells and controlled graft size through pharmacological removal of proliferating cells. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1284-1294. [PMID: 37315522 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of limited human cadaveric islets into type 1 diabetic patients results in ∼35 months of insulin independence. Direct differentiation of stem cell-derived insulin-producing beta-like cells (sBCs) that can reverse diabetes in animal models effectively removes this shortage constraint, but uncontrolled graft growth remains a concern. Current protocols do not generate pure sBCs, but consist of only 20%-50% insulin-expressing cells with additional cell types present, some of which are proliferative. Here, we show the selective ablation of proliferative cells marked by SOX9 by simple pharmacological treatment in vitro. This treatment concomitantly enriches for sBCs by ∼1.7-fold. Treated sBC clusters show improved function in vitro and in vivo transplantation controls graft size. Overall, our study provides a convenient and effective approach to enrich for sBCs while minimizing the presence of unwanted proliferative cells and thus has important implications for current cell therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Shilleh
- Barbara-Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Scott Beard
- Barbara-Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- Barbara-Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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12
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Beydag-Tasöz BS, Yennek S, Grapin-Botton A. Towards a better understanding of diabetes mellitus using organoid models. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:232-248. [PMID: 36670309 PMCID: PMC9857923 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of diabetes mellitus has benefited from a combination of clinical investigations and work in model organisms and cell lines. Organoid models for a wide range of tissues are emerging as an additional tool enabling the study of diabetes mellitus. The applications for organoid models include studying human pancreatic cell development, pancreatic physiology, the response of target organs to pancreatic hormones and how glucose toxicity can affect tissues such as the blood vessels, retina, kidney and nerves. Organoids can be derived from human tissue cells or pluripotent stem cells and enable the production of human cell assemblies mimicking human organs. Many organ mimics relevant to diabetes mellitus are already available, but only a few relevant studies have been performed. We discuss the models that have been developed for the pancreas, liver, kidney, nerves and vasculature, how they complement other models, and their limitations. In addition, as diabetes mellitus is a multi-organ disease, we highlight how a merger between the organoid and bioengineering fields will provide integrative models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belin Selcen Beydag-Tasöz
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Siham Yennek
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Grapin-Botton
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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13
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Cell Replacement Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Potential Mechanisms Leading to Stem-Cell-Derived Pancreatic β-Cell Loss upon Transplant. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050698. [PMID: 36899834 PMCID: PMC10000642 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell replacement therapy using stem-cell-derived insulin-producing β-like cells (sBCs) has been proposed as a practical cure for patients with type one diabetes (T1D). sBCs can correct diabetes in preclinical animal models, demonstrating the promise of this stem cell-based approach. However, in vivo studies have demonstrated that most sBCs, similarly to cadaveric human islets, are lost upon transplantation due to ischemia and other unknown mechanisms. Hence, there is a critical knowledge gap in the current field concerning the fate of sBCs upon engraftment. Here we review, discuss effects, and propose additional potential mechanisms that could contribute toward β-cell loss in vivo. We summarize and highlight some of the literature on phenotypic loss in β-cells under both steady, stressed, and diseased diabetic conditions. Specifically, we focus on β-cell death, dedifferentiation into progenitors, trans-differentiation into other hormone-expressing cells, and/or interconversion into less functional β-cell subtypes as potential mechanisms. While current cell replacement therapy efforts employing sBCs carry great promise as an abundant cell source, addressing the somewhat neglected aspect of β-cell loss in vivo will further accelerate sBC transplantation as a promising therapeutic modality that could significantly enhance the life quality of T1D patients.
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14
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Tremmel DM, Mikat AE, Gupta S, Mitchell SA, Curran AM, Menadue JA, Odorico JS, Sackett SD. Validating expression of beta cell maturation-associated genes in human pancreas development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1103719. [PMID: 36846594 PMCID: PMC9945361 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1103719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of genes associated with human pancreatic beta cell maturation could stimulate a better understanding of normal human islet development and function, be informative for improving stem cell-derived islet (SC-islet) differentiation, and facilitate the sorting of more mature beta cells from a pool of differentiated cells. While several candidate factors to mark beta cell maturation have been identified, much of the data supporting these markers come from animal models or differentiated SC-islets. One such marker is Urocortin-3 (UCN3). In this study, we provide evidence that UCN3 is expressed in human fetal islets well before the acquisition of functional maturation. When SC-islets expressing significant levels of UCN3 were generated, the cells did not exhibit glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, indicating that UCN3 expression is not correlated with functional maturation in these cells. We utilized our tissue bank and SC-islet resources to test an array of other candidate maturation-associated genes, and identified CHGB, G6PC2, FAM159B, GLUT1, IAPP and ENTPD3 as markers with expression patterns that correlate developmentally with the onset of functional maturation in human beta cells. We also find that human beta cell expression of ERO1LB, HDAC9, KLF9, and ZNT8 does not change between fetal and adult stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Tremmel
- *Correspondence: Daniel M. Tremmel, ; Sara Dutton Sackett, ; Jon S. Odorico,
| | - Anna E. Mikat
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sakar Gupta
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Samantha A. Mitchell
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Andrew M. Curran
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jenna A. Menadue
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery, Transplantation Division, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jon S. Odorico
- *Correspondence: Daniel M. Tremmel, ; Sara Dutton Sackett, ; Jon S. Odorico,
| | - Sara Dutton Sackett
- *Correspondence: Daniel M. Tremmel, ; Sara Dutton Sackett, ; Jon S. Odorico,
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15
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Olaniru OE, Kadolsky U, Kannambath S, Vaikkinen H, Fung K, Dhami P, Persaud SJ. Single-cell transcriptomic and spatial landscapes of the developing human pancreas. Cell Metab 2023; 35:184-199.e5. [PMID: 36513063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Current differentiation protocols have not been successful in reproducibly generating fully functional human beta cells in vitro, partly due to incomplete understanding of human pancreas development. Here, we present detailed transcriptomic analysis of the various cell types of the developing human pancreas, including their spatial gene patterns. We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing with spatial transcriptomics at multiple developmental time points and revealed distinct temporal-spatial gene cascades. Cell trajectory inference identified endocrine progenitor populations and branch-specific genes as the progenitors differentiate toward alpha or beta cells. Spatial differentiation trajectories indicated that Schwann cells are spatially co-located with endocrine progenitors, and cell-cell connectivity analysis predicted that they may interact via L1CAM-EPHB2 signaling. Our integrated approach enabled us to identify heterogeneity and multiple lineage dynamics within the mesenchyme, showing that it contributed to the exocrine acinar cell state. Finally, we have generated an interactive web resource for investigating human pancreas development for the research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladapo Edward Olaniru
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Ulrich Kadolsky
- Genomics Research Platform and Single Cell Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK; Genomics WA, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Telethon Kids Institute QEII Campus, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Shichina Kannambath
- Genomics Research Platform and Single Cell Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Heli Vaikkinen
- Genomics Research Platform and Single Cell Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Kathy Fung
- Genomics Research Platform and Single Cell Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Pawan Dhami
- Genomics Research Platform and Single Cell Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Shanta J Persaud
- Department of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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16
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Moriyama H, Moriyama M, Ozawa T, Tsuruta D, Hayakawa T. Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells into Insulin-Producing Cells with A Single Tet-Off Lentiviral Vector System. CELL JOURNAL 2022; 24:705-714. [PMID: 36527342 PMCID: PMC9790068 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.557533.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hASC) constitute an attractive source of stem cells for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering as they are easy to acquire from lipoaspirate, expansion, and genetic modification ex vivo. The combination of Pdx-1, MafA, and NeuroD1 has been indicated to possess the ability to reprogram various types of cells into insulin-producing cells. The aim of this study is to investigate whether MafA and NeuroD1 would cooperate with Pdx-1 in the differentiation of hASC into insulin-producing cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, we generated polycistronic expression vectors expressing Pdx1 and MafA/NeuroD1 with a reporter from a human EF-1α promoter using 2A peptides in a single tet-off lentiviral vector system. Briefly, hASC were transduced with the lentiviral vectors and allowed to differentiate into insulin-producing cells in vitro and in vivo. Thereafter, RNA expression, dithizone staining, and immunofluorescent analysis were conducted. RESULTS Cleaved transcriptional factors from a single tet-off lentiviral vector were functionally equivalent to their native proteins and strictly regulated by doxycycline (Dox). Insulin gene expression in hASC transduced with Pdx1, Pdx1/ MafA, and Pdx1/NeuroD1 in differentiation medium were successfully increased by 1.89 ± 0.39, 4.81 ± 0.98, 5.51 ± 0.63, respectively, compared to venus-transduced, control hASC. These cells could form dithizone-positive cell clusters in vitro and were found to express insulin in vivo. CONCLUSION Using our single tet-off lentiviral vector system, Pdx-1 and MafA/NeuroD1 could be simultaneously expressed in the absence of Dox. Further, this system allowed the differentiation of hASC into insulin-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Moriyama
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan,Pharmaceutical Research and Technology InstituteKindai University3-4-1 KowakaeHigashi-OsakaOsaka 577-8502Japan
| | - Mariko Moriyama
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ozawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolita University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-Ku,
Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolita University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-Ku,
Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takao Hayakawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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17
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Leavens KF, Alvarez-Dominguez JR, Vo LT, Russ HA, Parent AV. Stem cell-based multi-tissue platforms to model human autoimmune diabetes. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101610. [PMID: 36209784 PMCID: PMC9587366 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic insulin-producing β cells are specifically destroyed by the immune system. Understanding the initiation and progression of human T1D has been hampered by the lack of appropriate models that can reproduce the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease. The development of platforms combining multiple human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) derived tissues to model distinct aspects of T1D has the potential to provide critical novel insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of the human disease. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review, we summarize the state of hPSC differentiation approaches to generate cell types and tissues relevant to T1D, with a particular focus on pancreatic islet cells, T cells, and thymic epithelium. We present current applications as well as limitations of using these hPSC-derived cells for disease modeling and discuss efforts to optimize platforms combining multiple cell types to model human T1D. Finally, we outline remaining challenges and emphasize future improvements needed to accelerate progress in this emerging field of research. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Recent advances in reprogramming approaches to create patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell lines (iPSCs), genome engineering technologies to efficiently modify DNA of hPSCs, and protocols to direct their differentiation into mature cell types have empowered the use of stem cell derivatives to accurately model human disease. While challenges remain before complex interactions occurring in human T1D can be modeled with these derivatives, experiments combining hPSC-derived β cells and immune cells are already providing exciting insight into how these cells interact in the context of T1D, supporting the viability of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla F Leavens
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juan R Alvarez-Dominguez
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Linda T Vo
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Audrey V Parent
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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18
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Yuan Y, Chen H, Ou S, Cai B, Zhang R, Qin Y, Pan M, Cao S, Pei D, Hou FF. Generation of mitochondria-rich kidney organoids from expandable intermediate mesoderm progenitors reprogrammed from human urine cells under defined medium. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:174. [PMID: 36243732 PMCID: PMC9569036 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kidneys require vast amounts of mitochondria to provide ample energy to reabsorb nutrients and regulate electrolyte, fluid, and blood pressure homeostasis. The lack of the human model hinders the investigation of mitochondria homeostasis related to kidney physiology and disease. RESULTS Here, we report the generation of mitochondria-rich kidney organoids via partial reprogramming of human urine cells (hUCs) under the defined medium. First, we reprogrammed mitochondria-rich hUCs into expandable intermediate mesoderm progenitor like cells (U-iIMPLCs), which in turn generated nephron progenitors and formed kidney organoids in both 2D and 3D cultures. Cell fate transitions were confirmed at each stage by marker expressions at the RNA and protein levels, along with chromatin accessibility dynamics. Single cell RNA-seq revealed hUCs-induced kidney organoids (U-iKOs) consist of podocytes, tubules, and mesenchyme cells with 2D dominated with mesenchyme and 3D with tubule and enriched specific mitochondria function associated genes. Specific cell types, such as podocytes and proximal tubules, loop of Henle, and distal tubules, were readily identified. Consistent with these cell types, 3D organoids exhibited the functional and structural features of the kidney, as indicated by dextran uptake and transmission electron microscopy. These organoids can be further matured in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. Finally, cisplatin, gentamicin, and forskolin treatment led to anatomical abnormalities typical of kidney injury and altered mitochondria homeostasis respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that U-iKOs recapitulate the structural and functional characteristics of the kidneys, providing a promising model to study mitochondria-related kidney physiology and disease in a personalized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapei Yuan
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XDivision of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Huan Chen
- grid.508040.90000 0004 9415 435XBioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005 China
| | - Sihua Ou
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academic and Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 China
| | - Baomei Cai
- grid.508040.90000 0004 9415 435XBioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005 China
| | - Ruifang Zhang
- grid.508040.90000 0004 9415 435XBioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005 China
| | - Yue Qin
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China
| | - Mengjie Pan
- grid.508040.90000 0004 9415 435XBioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005 China
| | - Shangtao Cao
- grid.508040.90000 0004 9415 435XBioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005 China
| | - Duanqing Pei
- grid.494629.40000 0004 8008 9315Laboratory of Cell Fate Control, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024 China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- grid.416466.70000 0004 1757 959XDivision of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510515 China ,grid.508040.90000 0004 9415 435XBioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005 China
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19
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Reprogramming—Evolving Path to Functional Surrogate β-Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182813. [PMID: 36139388 PMCID: PMC9496933 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous cell sources are being explored to replenish functional β-cell mass since the proof-of -concept for cell therapy of diabetes was laid down by transplantation of islets. Many of these cell sources have been shown to possess a degree of plasticity permitting differentiation along new lineages into insulin-secreting β-cells. In this review, we explore emerging reprograming pathways that aim to generate bone fide insulin producing cells. We focus on small molecules and key transcriptional regulators that orchestrate phenotypic conversion and maintenance of engineered cells.
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20
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Yang L, Hu ZM, Jiang FX, Wang W. Stem cell therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes: Are we still on the road? World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:503-512. [PMID: 36157527 PMCID: PMC9350623 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i7.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In insulin-dependent diabetes, the islet β cells do not produce enough insulin and the patients must receive exogenous insulin to control blood sugar. However, there are still many deficiencies in exogenous insulin supplementation. Therefore, the replacement of destroyed functional β cells with insulin-secreting cells derived from functional stem cells is a good idea as a new therapeutic idea. This review introduces the development schedule of mouse and human embryonic islets. The differences between mouse and human pancreas embryo development were also listed. Accordingly to the different sources of stem cells, the important research achievements on the differentiation of insulin-secreting β cells of stem cells and the current research status of stem cell therapy for diabetes were reviewed. Stem cell replacement therapy is a promising treatment for diabetes, caused by defective insulin secretion, but there are still many problems to be solved, such as the biosafety and reliability of treatment, the emergence of tumors during treatment, untargeted differentiation and autoimmunity, etc. Therefore, further understanding of stem cell therapy for insulin is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhu-Meng Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, Fujian Province, China
| | - Fang-Xu Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, Fujian Province, China
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6000, Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, Fujian Province, China
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21
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Yang L, Hu ZM, Jiang FX, Wang W. Stem cell therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes: Are we still on the road? World J Stem Cells 2022. [DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i7.503 yang l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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22
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Sim EZ, Enomoto T, Shiraki N, Furuta N, Kashio S, Kambe T, Tsuyama T, Arakawa A, Ozawa H, Yokoyama M, Miura M, Kume S. Methionine metabolism regulates pluripotent stem cell pluripotency and differentiation through zinc mobilization. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111120. [PMID: 35858556 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit a unique feature that requires S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) for the maintenance of their pluripotency. Methionine deprivation in the medium causes a reduction in intracellular SAM, thus rendering PSCs in a state potentiated for differentiation. In this study, we find that methionine deprivation triggers a reduction in intracellular protein-bound Zn content and upregulation of Zn exporter SLC30A1 in PSCs. Culturing PSCs in Zn-deprived medium results in decreased intracellular protein-bound Zn content, reduced cell growth, and potentiated differentiation, which partially mimics methionine deprivation. PSCs cultured under Zn deprivation exhibit an altered methionine metabolism-related metabolite profile. We conclude that methionine deprivation potentiates differentiation partly by lowering cellular Zn content. We establish a protocol to generate functional pancreatic β cells by applying methionine and Zn deprivation. Our results reveal a link between Zn signaling and methionine metabolism in the regulation of cell fate in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinn Zixuan Sim
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Nao Furuta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Soshiro Kashio
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tsuyama
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Arakawa
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Mizuho Yokoyama
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miura
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
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23
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N 6-methyladenosine modification-mediated mRNA metabolism is essential for human pancreatic lineage specification and islet organogenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4148. [PMID: 35851388 PMCID: PMC9293889 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provides promising avenues for investigating development and treating diseases. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal messenger RNA (mRNA) modification and plays pivotal roles in regulation of mRNA metabolism, while its functions remain elusive. Here, we profile the dynamic landscapes of m6A transcriptome-wide during pancreatic differentiation. Next, we generate knockout hPSC lines of the major m6A demethylase ALKBH5, and find that ALKBH5 plays significant regulatory roles in pancreatic organogenesis. Mechanistic studies reveal that ALKBH5 deficiency reduces the mRNA stability of key pancreatic transcription factors in an m6A and YTHDF2-dependent manner. We further identify that ALKBH5 cofactor α-ketoglutarate can be applied to enhance differentiation. Collectively, our findings identify ALKBH5 as an essential regulator of pancreatic differentiation and highlight that m6A modification-mediated mRNA metabolism presents an important layer of regulation during cell-fate specification and holds great potentials for translational applications. Ma et al. profile the dynamic landscape of m6A during pancreatic differentiation, and identify ALKBH5 as an essential m6A regulator supporting pancreatic differentiation, indicating a role for m6A-mediated mRNA metabolism in cell-fate specification.
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24
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Habeeb MA, Vishwakarma SK, Habeeb S, Khan AA. Current progress and emerging technologies for generating extrapancreatic functional insulin-producing cells. World J Transl Med 2022; 10:1-13. [DOI: 10.5528/wjtm.v10.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes has been one of the major concerns in recent years, due to the increasing rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The available treatment strategies for uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) are pancreas or islet transplantation. However, these strategies are limited due to unavailability of quality pancreas/ islet donors, life-long need of immunosuppression, and associated complications. Cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative options to achieve the clinical benefits in the management of uncontrolled DM. Since the last few years, various sources of cells have been used to convert into insulin-producing β-like cells. These extrapancreatic sources of cells may play a significant role in β-cell turnover and insulin secretion in response to environmental stimuli. Stem/progenitor cells from liver have been proposed as an alternative choice that respond well to glucose stimuli under strong transcriptional control. The liver is one of the largest organs in the human body and has a common endodermal origin with pancreatic lineages. Hence, liver has been proposed as a source of a large number of insulin-producing cells. The merging of nanotechnology and 3D tissue bioengineering has opened a new direction for producing islet-like cells suitable for in vivo transplantation in a cordial microenvironment. This review summarizes extrapancreatic sources for insulin-secreting cells with reference to emerging technologies to fulfill the future clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Aejaz Habeeb
- Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500058, Telangana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Vishwakarma
- Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500058, Telangana, India
| | - Safwaan Habeeb
- Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500058, Telangana, India
| | - Aleem Ahmed Khan
- Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500058, Telangana, India
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25
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Tootee A, Nikbin B, Nasli Esfahani E, Arjmand B, Aghayan H, Qorbani M, Ghahari A, Larijani B. Clinical Outcomes of Fetal Stem Cell Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetes Are Related to Alternations to Different Lymphocyte Populations. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2022; 36:34. [PMID: 36128298 PMCID: PMC9448473 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.36.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In patients with diabetes, transplantation of stem cells increases C-peptide levels and induces insulin independence for some period. Today, this positive therapeutic outcome is widely attributed to the well-documented immunomodulatory properties of stem cells. The aim of this study was to report alternations (the trend of increase or decrease) in different lymphocyte populations in a stem cell clinical trial performed in our institute. Methods: Recorded data of a clinical trial conducted on 72 patients with type 1 diabetes who had received fetal stem cell transplantation several years ago and were regularly monitored before and after the procedure in 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months were analyzed. In these regular follow-up visits, insulin demand, HbA1c, C-peptide, and alternation to B cell and T cell populations were analyzed and recorded. For the purpose of the current study, patients were retrospectively divided into 2 groups, namely, those with the positive response to treatment and patients without such response. Temporary positive therapeutic response was defined by 2 different indicators, namely, plasma C-peptide levels and insulin dose-adjusted A1C (IDAA1c), which was calculated as A1C (percent) + (4 × insulin dose (units per kilogram per 24 h). Data analysis was performed by means of SPSS Version 18. Results: Besides the short-term therapeutic effect, we observed remarkably significant alternations to the populations of B and T lymphocytes in the recipients. When patients were retrospectively assigned to 2 different groups of patients with a positive therapeutic response (based on C-peptide changes) and those without it, it was observed that alternations to different populations of B-cells and T-cells were significantly different in these 2 groups. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that transplantation of stem cells leads to significant positive therapeutic outcomes in one group of patients who showed totally distinct patterns of alternation to different groups of lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tootee
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrouz Nikbin
- Research Center of Molecular Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Nasli Esfahani
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Aghayan
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Aziz Ghahari
- BC Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Nakamura A, Wong YF, Venturato A, Michaut M, Venkateswaran S, Santra M, Gonçalves C, Larsen M, Leuschner M, Kim YH, Brickman J, Bradley M, Grapin-Botton A. Long-term feeder-free culture of human pancreatic progenitors on fibronectin or matrix-free polymer potentiates β cell differentiation. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1215-1228. [PMID: 35452596 PMCID: PMC9133655 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim of producing β cells for replacement therapies to treat diabetes, several protocols have been developed to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells to β cells via pancreatic progenitors. While in vivo pancreatic progenitors expand throughout development, the in vitro protocols have been designed to make these cells progress as fast as possible to β cells. Here, we report on a protocol enabling a long-term expansion of human pancreatic progenitors in a defined medium on fibronectin, in the absence of feeder layers. Moreover, through a screening of a polymer library we identify a polymer that can replace fibronectin. Our experiments, comparing expanded progenitors to directly differentiated progenitors, show that the expanded progenitors differentiate more efficiently into glucose-responsive β cells and produce fewer glucagon-expressing cells. The ability to expand progenitors under defined conditions and cryopreserve them will provide flexibility in research and therapeutic production. hPSC-derived pancreatic progenitors can be expanded long term without feeders Expansion can be achieved on fibronectin or on a polymer identified by screening Expansion enables increased NKX6-1 expression, which is crucial for β cell generation Expansion potentiates glucose-responsive β-like cells and decreases α cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Nakamura
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yan Fung Wong
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Magali Michaut
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mithun Santra
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carla Gonçalves
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Larsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marit Leuschner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yung Hae Kim
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Joshua Brickman
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mark Bradley
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anne Grapin-Botton
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany; The Paul Langerhans Institute of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and The Medical Faculty of TU Dresden (PLID), Dresden, Germany.
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27
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Ma X, Lu Y, Zhou Z, Li Q, Chen X, Wang W, Jin Y, Hu Z, Chen G, Deng Q, Shang W, Wang H, Fu H, He X, Feng XH, Zhu S. Human expandable pancreatic progenitor-derived β cells ameliorate diabetes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk1826. [PMID: 35196077 PMCID: PMC8865776 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk1826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
An unlimited source of human pancreatic β cells is in high demand. Even with recent advances in pancreatic differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells, major hurdles remain in large-scale and cost-effective production of functional β cells. Here, through chemical screening, we demonstrate that the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor I-BET151 can robustly promote the expansion of PDX1+NKX6.1+ pancreatic progenitors (PPs). These expandable PPs (ePPs) maintain pancreatic progenitor cell status in the long term and can efficiently differentiate into functional pancreatic β (ePP-β) cells. Notably, transplantation of ePP-β cells rapidly ameliorated diabetes in mice, suggesting strong potential for cell replacement therapy. Mechanistically, I-BET151 activates Notch signaling and promotes the expression of key PP-associated genes, underscoring the importance of epigenetic and transcriptional modulations for lineage-specific progenitor self-renewal. In summary, our studies achieve the long-term goal of robust expansion of PPs and represent a substantial step toward unlimited supplies of functional β cells for biomedical research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Ma
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunkun Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyu Zhou
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Jin
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhensheng Hu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Deng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weina Shang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, 369 Kunpeng Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shunlan International Medical College, 848 Dongxin Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangwei He
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Saiyong Zhu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Corresponding author.
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28
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Bartolomé A. Stem Cell-Derived β Cells: A Versatile Research Platform to Interrogate the Genetic Basis of β Cell Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:501. [PMID: 35008927 PMCID: PMC8745644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell dysfunction is a central component of diabetes progression. During the last decades, the genetic basis of several monogenic forms of diabetes has been recognized. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have also facilitated the identification of common genetic variants associated with an increased risk of diabetes. These studies highlight the importance of impaired β cell function in all forms of diabetes. However, how most of these risk variants confer disease risk, remains unanswered. Understanding the specific contribution of genetic variants and the precise role of their molecular effectors is the next step toward developing treatments that target β cell dysfunction in the era of personalized medicine. Protocols that allow derivation of β cells from pluripotent stem cells, represent a powerful research tool that allows modeling of human development and versatile experimental designs that can be used to shed some light on diabetes pathophysiology. This article reviews different models to study the genetic basis of β cell dysfunction, focusing on the recent advances made possible by stem cell applications in the field of diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bartolomé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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29
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Wang X, Gao M, Wang Y, Zhang Y. The progress of pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic β-cells regeneration for diabetic therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:927324. [PMID: 35966093 PMCID: PMC9365963 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.927324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, characterized by high blood glucose levels either due to an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion or an ineffective response of cells to insulin, a hormone synthetized by β-cells in the pancreas. Despite the current substantial progress of new drugs and strategies to prevent and treat diabetes, we do not understand precisely the exact cause of the failure and impairment of β-cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new methods to restore β-cells. In recent years, pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) can serve as an ideal alternative source for the pancreatic β-cells. In this review, we systematically summarize the current progress and protocols of generating pancreatic β-cells from human PSCs. Meanwhile, we also discuss some challenges and future perspectives of human PSCs treatments for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- The Third Norman Bethune Clinical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengxi Gao
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- The Third Norman Bethune Clinical College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yucheng Zhang, ; Yali Wang,
| | - Yucheng Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yucheng Zhang, ; Yali Wang,
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30
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Essaouiba A, Jellali R, Poulain S, Tokito F, Gilard F, Gakière B, Kim SH, Legallais C, Sakai Y, Leclerc E. Analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of pancreatic spheroids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells and matured in an organ-on-a-chip. Mol Omics 2022; 18:791-804. [DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00132b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation of pancreatic cells from hiPSC is one of the emerging strategies to achieve an in vitro pancreas model. Here, hiPSC-derived β-like-cells spheroids were cultured in microfluidic environment and characterized using omics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Essaouiba
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiegne, France
- CNRS IRL 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Rachid Jellali
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiegne, France
| | - Stéphane Poulain
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Fumiya Tokito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Françoise Gilard
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université d’Evry, Université de Paris, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bertrand Gakière
- Plateforme Métabolisme-Métabolome, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université d’Evry, Université de Paris, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiegne, France
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- CNRS IRL 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Eric Leclerc
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu CS 60319, 60203 Compiegne, France
- CNRS IRL 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba; Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
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31
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Lorberbaum DS, Sarbaugh D, Sussel L. Leveraging the strengths of mice, human stem cells, and organoids to model pancreas development and diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1042611. [PMID: 36339450 PMCID: PMC9634409 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1042611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is an epidemic with increasing incidence across the world. Most individuals who are afflicted by this disease have type 2 diabetes, but there are many who suffer from type 1, an autoimmune disorder. Both types of diabetes have complex genetic underpinnings that are further complicated by epigenetic and environmental factors. A less prevalent and often under diagnosed subset of diabetes cases are characterized by single genetic mutations and include Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) and Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus (NDM). While the mode of action and courses of treatment for all forms of diabetes are distinct, the diseases all eventually result in the dysfunction and/or death of the pancreatic β cell - the body's source of insulin. With loss of β cell function, blood glucose homeostasis is disrupted, and life-threatening complications arise. In this review, we focus on how model systems provide substantial insights into understanding β cell biology to inform our understanding of all forms of diabetes. The strengths and weaknesses of animal, hPSC derived β-like cell, and organoid models are considered along with discussion of GATA6, a critical transcription factor frequently implicated in pancreatic dysfunction with developmental origins; experimental studies of GATA6 have highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of how each of these model systems can be used to inform our understanding of β cell specification and function in health and disease.
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32
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Ebrahimi A, Ahmadi H, Ghasrodashti ZP, Tanideh N, Shahriarirad R, Erfani A, Ranjbar K, Ashkani-Esfahani S. Therapeutic effects of stem cells in different body systems, a novel method that is yet to gain trust: A comprehensive review. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2021; 21:672-701. [PMID: 34255619 PMCID: PMC8554700 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2021.5508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been used to treat several types of diseases, and it is expected that its therapeutic uses shall increase as novel lines of evidence begin to appear. Furthermore, stem cells have the potential to make new tissues and organs. Thus, some scientists propose that organ transplantation will significantly rely on stem cell technology and organogenesis in the future. Stem cells and its robust potential to differentiate into specific types of cells and regenerate tissues and body organs, have been investigated by numerous clinician scientists and researchers for their therapeutic effects. Degenerative diseases in different organs have been the main target of stem cell therapy. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis, congenital cardiovascular diseases, and blood cell diseases such as leukemia are among the health conditions that have benefited from stem cell therapy advancements. One of the most challenging parts of the process of incorporating stem cells into clinical practice is controlling their division and differentiation potentials. Sometimes, their potential for uncontrolled growth will make these cells tumorigenic. Another caveat in this process is the ability to control the differentiation process. While stem cells can easily differentiate into a wide variety of cells, a paracrine effect controlled activity, being in an appropriate medium will cause abnormal differentiation leading to treatment failure. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the therapeutic effects of stem cells in diseases of various organ systems. In order to advance this new treatment to its full potential, researchers should focus on establishing methods to control the differentiation process, while policymakers should take an active role in providing adequate facilities and equipment for these projects. Large population clinical trials are a necessary tool that will help build trust in this method. Moreover, improving social awareness about the advantages and adverse effects of stem cell therapy is required to develop a rational demand in the society, and consequently, healthcare systems should consider established stem cell-based therapeutic methods in their treatment algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hanie Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Pourfraidon Ghasrodashti
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Shahriarirad
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Erfani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Keivan Ranjbar
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheil Ashkani-Esfahani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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33
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Aghazadeh Y, Poon F, Sarangi F, Wong FTM, Khan ST, Sun X, Hatkar R, Cox BJ, Nunes SS, Nostro MC. Microvessels support engraftment and functionality of human islets and hESC-derived pancreatic progenitors in diabetes models. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1936-1949.e8. [PMID: 34480863 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet the low donor pool, poor islet engraftment, and life-long immunosuppression prevent it from becoming the standard of care. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived pancreatic cells could eliminate donor shortages, but interventions to improve graft survival are needed. Here, we enhanced subcutaneous engraftment by employing a unique vascularization strategy based on ready-made microvessels (MVs) isolated from the adipose tissue. This resulted in improved cell survival and effective glucose response of both human islets and hESC-derived pancreatic cells, which ameliorated preexisting diabetes in three mouse models of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Aghazadeh
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Frankie Poon
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Deparment of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Farida Sarangi
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Frances T M Wong
- Deparment of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Safwat T Khan
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Xuetao Sun
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Rupal Hatkar
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Brian J Cox
- Deparment of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1E2, Canada
| | - Sara S Nunes
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada.
| | - M Cristina Nostro
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Deparment of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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34
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Docherty FM, Riemondy KA, Castro-Gutierrez R, Dwulet JM, Shilleh AH, Hansen MS, Williams SPM, Armitage LH, Santostefano KE, Wallet MA, Mathews CE, Triolo TM, Benninger RKP, Russ HA. ENTPD3 Marks Mature Stem Cell-Derived β-Cells Formed by Self-Aggregation In Vitro. Diabetes 2021; 70:2554-2567. [PMID: 34380694 PMCID: PMC8564403 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-derived β-like cells (sBC) carry the promise of providing an abundant source of insulin-producing cells for use in cell replacement therapy for patients with diabetes, potentially allowing widespread implementation of a practical cure. To achieve their clinical promise, sBC need to function comparably with mature adult β-cells, but as yet they display varying degrees of maturity. Indeed, detailed knowledge of the events resulting in human β-cell maturation remains obscure. Here we show that sBC spontaneously self-enrich into discreet islet-like cap structures within in vitro cultures, independent of exogenous maturation conditions. Multiple complementary assays demonstrate that this process is accompanied by functional maturation of the self-enriched sBC (seBC); however, the seBC still contain distinct subpopulations displaying different maturation levels. Interestingly, the surface protein ENTPD3 (also known as nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-3 [NDPTase3]) is a specific marker of the most mature seBC population and can be used for mature seBC identification and sorting. Our results illuminate critical aspects of in vitro sBC maturation and provide important insights toward developing functionally mature sBC for diabetes cell replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona M Docherty
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Kent A Riemondy
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | - JaeAnn M Dwulet
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Bioengineering and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Ali H Shilleh
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Maria S Hansen
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Shane P M Williams
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Lucas H Armitage
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Katherine E Santostefano
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Mark A Wallet
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Clayton E Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Taylor M Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Richard K P Benninger
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Bioengineering and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Holger A Russ
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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35
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Liu KC, Villasenor A, Bertuzzi M, Schmitner N, Radros N, Rautio L, Mattonet K, Matsuoka RL, Reischauer S, Stainier DY, Andersson O. Insulin-producing β-cells regenerate ectopically from a mesodermal origin under the perturbation of hemato-endothelial specification. eLife 2021; 10:65758. [PMID: 34403334 PMCID: PMC8370765 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of the vasculature in pancreatic β-cell regeneration, we crossed a zebrafish β-cell ablation model into the avascular npas4l mutant (i.e. cloche). Surprisingly, β-cell regeneration increased markedly in npas4l mutants owing to the ectopic differentiation of β-cells in the mesenchyme, a phenotype not previously reported in any models. The ectopic β-cells expressed endocrine markers of pancreatic β-cells, and also responded to glucose with increased calcium influx. Through lineage tracing, we determined that the vast majority of these ectopic β-cells has a mesodermal origin. Notably, ectopic β-cells were found in npas4l mutants as well as following knockdown of the endothelial/myeloid determinant Etsrp. Together, these data indicate that under the perturbation of endothelial/myeloid specification, mesodermal cells possess a remarkable plasticity enabling them to form β-cells, which are normally endodermal in origin. Understanding the restriction of this differentiation plasticity will help exploit an alternative source for β-cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Cheuk Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alethia Villasenor
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Maria Bertuzzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Schmitner
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niki Radros
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linn Rautio
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenny Mattonet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ryota L Matsuoka
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Sven Reischauer
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Frankfurt, Germany; Medical Clinic I, (Cardiology/Angiology) and Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Didier Yr Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Olov Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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Basile G, Kahraman S, Dirice E, Pan H, Dreyfuss JM, Kulkarni RN. Using single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to interrogate transcriptomic profiles of archived human pancreatic islets. Genome Med 2021; 13:128. [PMID: 34376240 PMCID: PMC8356387 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00941-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human pancreatic islets are a central focus of research in metabolic studies. Transcriptomics is frequently used to interrogate alterations in cultured human islet cells using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). We introduce single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) as an alternative approach for investigating transplanted human islets. Methods The Nuclei EZ protocol was used to obtain nuclear preparations from fresh and frozen human islet cells. Such preparations were first used to generate snRNA-seq datasets and compared to scRNA-seq output obtained from cells from the same donor. Finally, we employed snRNA-seq to obtain the transcriptomic profile of archived human islets engrafted in immunodeficient animals. Results We observed virtually complete concordance in identifying cell types and gene proportions as well as a strong association of global and islet cell type gene signatures between scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq applied to fresh and frozen cultured or transplanted human islet samples. Conclusions We propose snRNA-seq as a reliable strategy to probe transcriptomic profiles of freshly harvested or frozen sources of transplanted human islet cells especially when scRNA-seq is not ideal. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13073-021-00941-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Basile
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sevim Kahraman
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ercument Dirice
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Current Address: Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Hui Pan
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan M Dreyfuss
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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37
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Chen G, Guo Y, Li C, Li S, Wan X. Small Molecules that Promote Self-Renewal of Stem Cells and Somatic Cell Reprogramming. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:511-523. [PMID: 32185667 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-09965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ground state of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is closely related to the development of regenerative medicine. Particularly, long-term culture of ESCs in vitro, maintenance of their undifferentiated state, self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation ability is the premise of ESCs mechanism and application research. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) reprogrammed from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) cells into cells with most of the ESC characteristics show promise towards solving ethical problems currently facing stem cell research. However, integration into chromosomal DNA through viral-mediated genes may activate proto oncogenes and lead to risk of cancer of iPSC. At the same time, iPS induction efficiency needs to be further improved to reduce the use of transcription factors. In this review, we discuss small molecules that promote self-renewal and reprogramming, including growth factor receptor inhibitors, GSK-3β and histone deacetylase inhibitors, metabolic regulators, pathway modulators as well as EMT/MET regulation inhibitors to enhance maintenance of ESCs and enable reprogramming. Additionally, we summarize the mechanism of action of small molecules on ESC self-renewal and iPSC reprogramming. Finally, we will report on the progress in identification of novel and potentially effective agents as well as selected strategies that show promise in regenerative medicine. On this basis, development of more small molecule combinations and efficient induction of chemically induced pluripotent stem cell (CiPSC) is vital for stem cell therapy. This will significantly improve research in pathogenesis, individualized drug screening, stem cell transplantation, tissue engineering and many other aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu'e Guo
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangdi Li
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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38
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Napolitano F, Rapakoulia T, Annunziata P, Hasegawa A, Cardon M, Napolitano S, Vaccaro L, Iuliano A, Wanderlingh LG, Kasukawa T, Medina DL, Cacchiarelli D, Gao X, di Bernardo D, Arner E. Automatic identification of small molecules that promote cell conversion and reprogramming. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:1381-1390. [PMID: 33891873 PMCID: PMC8185468 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling cell fate has great potential for regenerative medicine, drug discovery, and basic research. Although transcription factors are able to promote cell reprogramming and transdifferentiation, methods based on their upregulation often show low efficiency. Small molecules that can facilitate conversion between cell types can ameliorate this problem working through safe, rapid, and reversible mechanisms. Here, we present DECCODE, an unbiased computational method for identification of such molecules based on transcriptional data. DECCODE matches a large collection of drug-induced profiles for drug treatments against a large dataset of primary cell transcriptional profiles to identify drugs that either alone or in combination enhance cell reprogramming and cell conversion. Extensive validation in the context of human induced pluripotent stem cells shows that DECCODE is able to prioritize drugs and drug combinations enhancing cell reprogramming. We also provide predictions for cell conversion with single drugs and drug combinations for 145 different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli (NA) 80078, Italy; Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Trisevgeni Rapakoulia
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrizia Annunziata
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli (NA) 80078, Italy
| | - Akira Hasegawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Melissa Cardon
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Sara Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli (NA) 80078, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vaccaro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli (NA) 80078, Italy
| | - Antonella Iuliano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli (NA) 80078, Italy
| | | | - Takeya Kasukawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli (NA) 80078, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli (NA) 80078, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Xin Gao
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Diego di Bernardo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli (NA) 80078, Italy; Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy.
| | - Erik Arner
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan; Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528 Japan.
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39
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Fráguas-Eggenschwiler M, Eggenschwiler R, Söllner JH, Cortnumme L, Vondran FWR, Cantz T, Ott M, Niemann H. Direct conversion of porcine primary fibroblasts into hepatocyte-like cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9334. [PMID: 33927320 PMCID: PMC8085017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88727-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pig is an important model organism for biomedical research, mainly due to its extensive genetic, physiological and anatomical similarities with humans. Until date, direct conversion of somatic cells into hepatocyte-like cells (iHeps) has only been achieved in rodents and human cells. Here, we employed lentiviral vectors to screen a panel of 12 hepatic transcription factors (TF) for their potential to convert porcine fibroblasts into hepatocyte-like cells. We demonstrate for the first time, hepatic conversion of porcine somatic cells by over-expression of CEBPα, FOXA1 and HNF4α2 (3TF-piHeps). Reprogrammed 3TF-piHeps display a hepatocyte-like morphology and show functional characteristics of hepatic cells, including albumin secretion, Dil-AcLDL uptake, storage of lipids and glycogen and activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A2 and CYP2C33 (CYP2C9 in humans). Moreover, we show that markers of mature hepatocytes are highly expressed in 3TF-piHeps, while fibroblastic markers are reduced. We envision piHeps as useful cell sources for future studies on drug metabolism and toxicity as well as in vitro models for investigation of pig-to-human infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Fráguas-Eggenschwiler
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,Twincore Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Reto Eggenschwiler
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Translational Hepatology and Stem Cell Biology, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine and Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jenny-Helena Söllner
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Mariensee, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Leon Cortnumme
- Translational Hepatology and Stem Cell Biology, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine and Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian W R Vondran
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Cantz
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Translational Hepatology and Stem Cell Biology, REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine and Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Ott
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Twincore Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Niemann
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,Twincore Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.
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40
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Abstract
Improved stem cell-derived pancreatic islet (SC-islet) differentiation protocols robustly generate insulin-secreting β cells from patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These advances are enabling in vitro disease modeling studies and the development of an autologous diabetes cell replacement therapy. SC-islet technology elucidates key features of human pancreas development and diabetes disease progression through the generation of pancreatic progenitors, endocrine progenitors, and β cells derived from diabetic and nondiabetic iPSCs. Combining disease modeling with gene editing and next-generation sequencing reveals the impact of diabetes-causing mutations and diabetic phenotypes on multiple islet cell types. In addition, the supply of SC-islets, containing β and other islet cell types, is unlimited, presenting an opportunity for personalized medicine and overcoming several disadvantages posed by donor islets. This review highlights relevant studies involving iPSC-β cells and progenitors, encompassing new conclusions involving cells from patients with diabetes and the therapeutic potential of iPSC-β cells. Improved differentiation protocols generate pancreatic islet from patient stem cells Diabetic stem cell-derived islet studies identified key markers for cell function Gene editing aims to address unmet needs for stem cell therapy field Stem cell-derived islets are a promising source for diabetes stem cell therapy
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41
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Joshi K, Cameron F, Tiwari S, Mannering SI, Elefanty AG, Stanley EG. Modeling Type 1 Diabetes Using Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:635662. [PMID: 33868170 PMCID: PMC8047192 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.635662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology is increasingly being used to create in vitro models of monogenic human disorders. This is possible because, by and large, the phenotypic consequences of such genetic variants are often confined to a specific and known cell type, and the genetic variants themselves can be clearly identified and controlled for using a standardized genetic background. In contrast, complex conditions such as autoimmune Type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a polygenic inheritance and are subject to diverse environmental influences. Moreover, the potential cell types thought to contribute to disease progression are many and varied. Furthermore, as HLA matching is critical for cell-cell interactions in disease pathogenesis, any model that seeks to test the involvement of particular cell types must take this restriction into account. As such, creation of an in vitro model of T1D will require a system that is cognizant of genetic background and enables the interaction of cells representing multiple lineages to be examined in the context of the relevant environmental disease triggers. In addition, as many of the lineages critical to the development of T1D cannot be easily generated from iPSCs, such models will likely require combinations of cell types derived from in vitro and in vivo sources. In this review we imagine what an ideal in vitro model of T1D might look like and discuss how the required elements could be feasibly assembled using existing technologies. We also examine recent advances towards this goal and discuss potential uses of this technology in contributing to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this autoimmune condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Joshi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
- Department of Cell Biology, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Fergus Cameron
- Department of Cell Biology, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Vic, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Stuart I. Mannering
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Vic, Australia
| | - Andrew G. Elefanty
- Department of Cell Biology, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Edouard G. Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
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42
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Samoylova EM, Baklaushev VP. Cell Reprogramming Preserving Epigenetic Age: Advantages and Limitations. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 85:1035-1047. [PMID: 33050850 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920090047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of cell aging advanced significantly since the discovery of this phenomenon by Hayflick and Moorhead in 1961. In addition to the well-known shortening of telomeric regions of chromosomes, cell aging is closely associated with changes of the DNA methylation profile. Establishing, maintaining, or reversing epigenetic age of a cell is central to the technology of cell reprogramming. Two distinct approaches - iPSC- and transdifferentiation-based cell reprogramming - affect differently epigenetic age of the cells. The iPSC-based reprogramming protocols are generally believed to result in the reversion of DNA methylation profiles towards less differentiated states, while the original methylation profiles are preserved in the direct trans-differentiation protocols. Clearly, in order to develop adequate model of CNS pathologies, one has to have thorough understanding of the biological roles of DNA methylation in the development, maintenance of functional activity, tissue and cell diversity, restructuring of neural networks during learning, as well as in aging-associated neuronal decline. Direct cell reprogramming is an excellent alternative and a valuable supplement to the iPSC-based technologies both as a source of mature cells for modeling of neurodegenerative diseases, and as a novel powerful strategy for in vivo cell replacement therapy. Further advancement of the regenerative and personalized medicine will strongly depend on optimization of the production of patient-specific autologous cells involving alternative approaches of direct and indirect cell reprogramming that take into account epigenetic age of the starting cell material.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Samoylova
- Federal Research Clinical Center, FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 115682, Russia.
| | - V P Baklaushev
- Federal Research Clinical Center, FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 115682, Russia
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43
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Essaouiba A, Jellali R, Shinohara M, Scheidecker B, Legallais C, Sakai Y, Leclerc E. Analysis of the behavior of 2D monolayers and 3D spheroid human pancreatic beta cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells in a microfluidic environment. J Biotechnol 2021; 330:45-56. [PMID: 33617908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The limited availability of primary human β-cells/islets and their quality (due to donor diversity) restrict the development of in vitro models for diabetes research. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) may be a promising cell-source for diabetes studies, anti-diabetic drug screening and personalized therapies. However, achieving levels of maturity/functionality that are comparable to the in vivo situation and islets rebuilt from iPSCs is still challenging. Here, we compare and discuss two strategies for culturing human pancreatic β-cells derived from hiPSCs in microfluidic biochips. First, we confirmed that the protocol in conventional Petri 2D monolayer led to insulin, PDX1 and MAFA positive staining, to C-Peptide productive cells, and to tissue responsive to high/low glucose and GLP1 stimulation. This protocol and its subsequent modifications (including extracellular matrix coating, cell adhesion time, cell inoculation density, flow rate) was not successful in the 2D biochip culture. We proposed a second strategy using 3D spheroids created from honeycomb static cultures. Spheroids in static experiments carried out over 14 days demonstrated that they expressed high levels of β-cell markers (INS mRNA) and higher α-cell markers (GCG mRNA and glucagon positive staining), when compared to Petri 2D cultures. Furthermore, the 3D spheroids were specifically able to secrete insulin in response to both high/low glucose stimulation and GLP1 exposure. The spheroids were successfully inoculated into biochips and maintained for 10 days in perfusion. The 3D biochip cultures increased mRNA levels of GCG and maintained high levels of β-cell markers and responsiveness to both high/low glucose and GLP1 stimulation. Finally, C-peptide and insulin secretion were higher in biochips when compared to static spheroids. These results illustrate the promising potential for hiPSCs derived β-cells and their spheroid-based pancreas-on-chip model for pancreatic disease/diabetes modeling and anti-diabetic drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Essaouiba
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, France; CNRS UMI 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Rachid Jellali
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, France.
| | - Marie Shinohara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Benedikt Scheidecker
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- CNRS UMI 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Eric Leclerc
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, France; CNRS UMI 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
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44
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Kahraman S, Manna D, Dirice E, Maji B, Small J, Wagner BK, Choudhary A, Kulkarni RN. Harnessing reaction-based probes to preferentially target pancreatic β-cells and β-like cells. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/4/e202000840. [PMID: 33514654 PMCID: PMC7898467 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly sensitive approaches to target insulin-expressing cells would allow more effective imaging, sorting, and analysis of pancreatic β-cells. Here, we introduce the use of a reaction-based probe, diacetylated Zinpyr1 (DA-ZP1), to image pancreatic β-cells and β-like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells. We harness the high intracellular zinc concentration of β-cells to induce a fluorescence signal in cells after administration of DA-ZP1. Given its specificity and rapid uptake by cells, we used DA-ZP1 to purify live stem cell-derived β-like cells as confirmed by immunostaining analysis. We tested the ability of DA-ZP1 to image transplanted human islet grafts and endogenous mouse pancreatic islets in vivo after its systemic administration into mice. Thus, DA-ZP1 enables purification of insulin-secreting β-like cells for downstream applications, such as functional studies, gene-expression, and cell-cell interaction analyses and can be used to label engrafted human islets and endogenous mouse islets in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Kahraman
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Debasish Manna
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Divisions of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ercument Dirice
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Basudeb Maji
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Divisions of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonnell Small
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Chemical Biology Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bridget K Wagner
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amit Choudhary
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA .,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Divisions of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Chemical Biology Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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45
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Bourgeois S, Sawatani T, Van Mulders A, De Leu N, Heremans Y, Heimberg H, Cnop M, Staels W. Towards a Functional Cure for Diabetes Using Stem Cell-Derived Beta Cells: Are We There Yet? Cells 2021; 10:cells10010191. [PMID: 33477961 PMCID: PMC7835995 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a pandemic metabolic disorder that results from either the autoimmune destruction or the dysfunction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. A promising cure is beta cell replacement through the transplantation of islets of Langerhans. However, donor shortage hinders the widespread implementation of this therapy. Human pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, represent an attractive alternative beta cell source for transplantation. Although major advances over the past two decades have led to the generation of stem cell-derived beta-like cells that share many features with genuine beta cells, producing fully mature beta cells remains challenging. Here, we review the current status of beta cell differentiation protocols and highlight specific challenges that are associated with producing mature beta cells. We address the challenges and opportunities that are offered by monogenic forms of diabetes. Finally, we discuss the remaining hurdles for clinical application of stem cell-derived beta cells and the status of ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bourgeois
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (A.V.M.); (N.D.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Toshiaki Sawatani
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (T.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Annelore Van Mulders
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (A.V.M.); (N.D.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Nico De Leu
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (A.V.M.); (N.D.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.)
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Brussels, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology, ASZ Aalst, 9300 Aalst, Belgium
| | - Yves Heremans
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (A.V.M.); (N.D.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Harry Heimberg
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (A.V.M.); (N.D.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (T.S.); (M.C.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willem Staels
- Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (A.V.M.); (N.D.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.)
- Service of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, KidZ Health Castle, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-0-24774473
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46
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Shao J, Qiu X, Xie M. Engineering Mammalian Cells to Control Glucose Homeostasis. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2312:35-57. [PMID: 34228283 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1441-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease characterized by chronically deregulated blood-glucose levels. To restore glucose homeostasis, therapeutic strategies allowing well-controlled production and release of insulinogenic hormones into the blood circulation are required. In this chapter, we describe how mammalian cells can be engineered for applications in diabetes treatment. While closed-loop control systems provide automated and self-sufficient synchronization of glucose sensing and drug production, drug production in open-loop control systems is engineered to depend on exogenous user-defined trigger signals. Rational, robust, and reliable manufacture practices for mammalian cell engineering are essential for industrial-scale mass-production in view of clinical and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Shao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyuan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingqi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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47
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Lee YN, Yi HJ, Goh H, Park JY, Ferber S, Shim IK, Kim SC. Spheroid Fabrication Using Concave Microwells Enhances the Differentiation Efficacy and Function of Insulin-Producing Cells via Cytoskeletal Changes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122551. [PMID: 33261076 PMCID: PMC7768489 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is the fundamental treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes; however, donor shortage is a major hurdle in its use as a standard treatment. Accordingly, differentiated insulin-producing cells (DIPCs) are being developed as a new islet source. Differentiation efficiency could be enhanced if the spheroid structure of the natural islets could be recapitulated. Here, we fabricated DIPC spheroids using concave microwells, which enabled large-scale production of spheroids of the desired size. We prepared DIPCs from human liver cells by trans-differentiation using transcription factor gene transduction. Islet-related gene expression and insulin secretion levels were higher in spheroids compared to those in single-cell DIPCs, whereas actin–myosin interactions significantly decreased. We verified actin–myosin-dependent insulin expression in single-cell DIPCs by using actin–myosin interaction inhibitors. Upon transplanting cells into the kidney capsule of diabetic mouse, blood glucose levels decreased to 200 mg/dL in spheroid-transplanted mice but not in single cell-transplanted mice. Spheroid-transplanted mice showed high engraftment efficiency in in vivo fluorescence imaging. These results demonstrated that spheroids fabricated using concave microwells enhanced the engraftment and functions of DIPCs via actin–myosin-mediated cytoskeletal changes. Our strategy potentially extends the clinical application of DIPCs for improved differentiation, glycemic control, and transplantation efficiency of islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Na Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yi
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hanse Goh
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
| | - Ji Yoon Park
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06457, USA
| | - Sarah Ferber
- Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 52621, Israel;
- Dia-Cure, Acad. Nicolae Cajal Institute of Medical Scientific Research, Titu Maiorescu University, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Orgenesis Ltd., Ness-Ziona 7403631, Israel
- Department of Human Genetics, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - In Kyong Shim
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: or (I.K.S.); (S.C.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-4173 (I.K.S.); +82-2-3010-3936 (S.C.K.)
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.N.L.); (H.J.Y.); (H.G.); (J.Y.P.)
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: or (I.K.S.); (S.C.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-4173 (I.K.S.); +82-2-3010-3936 (S.C.K.)
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48
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Exosome-Mediated Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts and Exocrine Cells into β-Like Cells and the Identification of Key miRNAs for Differentiation. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110485. [PMID: 33182285 PMCID: PMC7695333 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a concerning health malady worldwide. Islet or pancreas transplantation is the only long-term treatment available; however, the scarcity of transplantable tissues hampers this approach. Therefore, new cell sources and differentiation approaches are required. Apart from the genetic- and small molecule-based approaches, exosomes could induce cellular differentiation by means of their cargo, including miRNA. We developed a chemical-based protocol to differentiate mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) into β-like cells and employed mouse insulinoma (MIN6)-derived exosomes in the presence or absence of specific small molecules to encourage their differentiation into β-like cells. The differentiated β-like cells were functional and expressed pancreatic genes such as Pdx1, Nkx6.1, and insulin 1 and 2. We found that the exosome plus small molecule combination differentiated the MEFs most efficiently. Using miRNA-sequencing, we identified miR-127 and miR-709, and found that individually and in combination, the miRNAs differentiated MEFs into β-like cells similar to the exosome treatment. We also confirmed that exocrine cells can be differentiated into β-like cells by exosomes and the exosome-identified miRNAs. A new differentiation approach based on the use of exosome-identified miRNAs could help people afflicted with diabetes
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49
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Almaça J, Caicedo A, Landsman L. Beta cell dysfunction in diabetes: the islet microenvironment as an unusual suspect. Diabetologia 2020; 63:2076-2085. [PMID: 32894318 PMCID: PMC7655222 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cells in different tissues, including endocrine cells in the pancreas, live in complex microenvironments that are rich in cellular and acellular components. Intricate interactions with their microenvironment dictate most cellular properties, such as their function, structure and size, and maintain tissue homeostasis. Pancreatic islets are populated by endocrine, vascular and immune cells that are immersed in the extracellular matrix. While the intrinsic properties of beta cells have been vastly investigated, our understanding of their interactions with their surroundings has only recently begun to unveil. Here, we review current research on the interplay between the islet cellular and acellular components, and the role these components play in beta cell physiology and pathophysiology. Although beta cell failure is a key pathomechanism in diabetes, its causes are far from being fully elucidated. We, thus, propose deleterious alterations of the islet niche as potential underlying mechanisms contributing to beta cell failure. In sum, this review emphasises that the function of the pancreatic islet depends on all of its components. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Almaça
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Alejandro Caicedo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Limor Landsman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
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50
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Kong CM, Arjunan S, Gan SU, Biswas A, Bongso A, Fong CY. Tissues derived from reprogrammed Wharton's jelly stem cells of the umbilical cord as a platform to study gestational diabetes mellitus. Stem Cell Res 2020; 47:101880. [PMID: 32622342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been strongly associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in later child and adulthood. The human umbilical cord and its contents are of fetal origin and represent the fetus genetically and physiologically. Since it is not possible to obtain tissues from the fetus and newborn to investigate the association between GDM and later T2DM, we reprogrammed the stem cells from the Wharton's jelly of umbilical cords (hWJSCs) of GDM and non-GDM mothers into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and then differentiated the iPSCs into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) to provide pancreatic tissues that represent the fetus of GDM and normal mothers. These tissues are an attractive model to study the effects of glucose on the fetus. Interestingly, GDM-iPSCs had a decreased potential towards differentiation into IPCs. IPCs differentiated from GDM-iPSCs also had lower total insulin content and a lower capacity for insulin secretion to glucose stimulation compared to their normal-iPSC counterparts. This abnormal pathogenesis in GDM-iPSCs pancreatic differentiation recapitulates the pathology that may be observed in the infants of the diabetic mother (IDM) and while indicating adaptive mechanisms for fetal survival, may lead to the development of T2DM later in life. (199 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiou Mee Kong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Subramanian Arjunan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Shu Uin Gan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Arijit Biswas
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Ariff Bongso
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Chui-Yee Fong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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