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Lin J, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Qi F, Zhang M. Calreticulin, a potential coregulator of immune checkpoints and biomarker associated with tumor microenvironment and clinical prognostic significance in breast invasive carcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2717-2731. [PMID: 38247288 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As a promising immune checkpoint of immunogenic cell death (ICD) and multifunctional calcium-binding molecular chaperone, calreticulin (CALR) has been attracting increasing attention. CALR mainly locates in cellular endoplasmic reticulum and significantly affects cell proliferation, invasion, induction of apoptosis, and angiogenesis in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA). CALR overexpression might be correlated with a worse outcome. Nonetheless, it remains obscure how CALR correlates with immune infiltration and survival prognosis of BRCA. In this study, we investigated CALR expression utilizing RNAseq data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) database. The prognostic value of CALR was analyzed using clinical survival data. Enrichment analysis was conducted using the R package "clusterProfiler." We downloaded the immune cell infiltration score of TCGA samples from published articles and online databases and performed a correlation analysis between immune cell infiltration levels and CALR expression. We further assessed the association between CALR and immunomodulators. Moreover, we also evaluated the expression of CALR in 100 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded breast cancer and adjacent normal breast tissue specimens. Our results found that CALR was highly expressed in BRCA, and CALR expression levels differed in pathological stages, T stages, and N stages. Besides, these results suggested that CALR overexpression may have adverse effects on the progression-free interval (PFI) and disease-free interval (DFI), which may be related to tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, leading to tumor deterioration. Meanwhile, immune cell infiltration analysis revealed a correlation between the expression of CALR and the number of neutrophils and dendritic cells, suggesting that CALR was highly correlated with many immunomodulators in BRCA. Our results provide potential biomarkers of CALR in BRCA. CALR may interact synergistically with other immunomodulators to regulate the immune microenvironment, which could be utilized to develop new immunotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Lin
- Department of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zexin Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingdi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ha JS, Lee NK, Paik HD. Heat-Killed Enterococcus faecium KU22001 Having Effective Anti-Cancer Effects on HeLa Cell Lines at a Lower Temperature. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:902-910. [PMID: 38494869 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2310.10050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The anti-cancer effects of heat-killed Enterococcus faecium KU22001 (KU22001), KU22002, and KU22005 isolated from human infant feces were investigated. The anti-proliferative activity of these strains against various cancer cell lines was evaluated using the MTT assay. To determine the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) with potential anti-cancer effect, ethanol precipitation and phenol-sulfuric acid method was used with the cell free supernatant of strains grown at 25°C or 37°C. The EPS yield of E. faecium strains was higher at 25°C than at 37°C. Among these E. faecium strains, KU22001 grown at 25°C was associated with the highest bax/bcl-2 ratio, effective apoptosis rate, cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and condensation of the nucleus in the cervical cancer HeLa cell line. In conclusion, these results suggest that KU22001 can be beneficial owing to the anti-cancer effects and production of functional materials, such as EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Su Ha
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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3
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Perrotta I. Seeing beyond apoptosis: ultrastructural aspects of necrosis in human atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 66:107560. [PMID: 37453592 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an explosive growth of research to decipher the pathobiologic relevance of cell death in the development and progression of various cardiovascular disorders such as arterial remodeling and atherosclerosis. High rates of cell death have been reported in animal models, particularly following balloon catheter injury. Also, in humans there is considerable evidence indicating a close connection between cell death and atherosclerosis. In this regard, diverse biochemical and molecular analysis have suggested that intraplaque cells preferentially die by apoptosis, a mode of cell death considered to be active, highly regulated and programmed. In contrast to apoptosis, necrosis has been classically defined as an uncontrolled form of cell death that can occur in response to chemical or physical insults such as trauma, infection, toxins, or lack of blood supply. Necrosis has long been known to be present within atherosclerotic plaques but to date it is still less well understood and characterized than apoptosis. In addition, although electron microscopy (EM) remains essential in cell death research, only a very small proportion of studies deal with the ultrastructural aspects of cell death and/or include EM images to support their findings. As a consequence, many features of cell death modes in human atherosclerosis have not yet been thoroughly investigated and defined. The present study was undertaken to provide an ultrastructural description of the route/s by which intraplaque cells can die also suggesting novel insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Perrotta
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza 87036, Italy.
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Fettucciari K, Dini F, Marconi P, Bassotti G. Role of the Alteration in Calcium Homeostasis in Cell Death Induced by Clostridioides difficile Toxin A and Toxin B. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1117. [PMID: 37627001 PMCID: PMC10452684 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile), responsible for 15-25% of gastrointestinal infections, causes health problems mainly due to the toxic activity of toxins A and B (Tcds). These are responsible for its clinical manifestations, including diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, toxic megacolon and death, with a mortality of 5-30% in primary infection, that increase following relapses. Studies on Tcd-induced cell death have highlighted a key role of caspases, calpains, and cathepsins, with involvement of mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a complex signaling pathway network. The complex response in the execution of various types of cell death (apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis and pyknosis) depends on the amount of Tcd, cell types, and Tcd receptors involved, and could have as initial/precocious event the alterations in calcium homeostasis. The entities, peculiarities and cell types involved in these alterations will decide the signaling pathways activated and cell death type. Calcium homeostasis alterations can be caused by calcium influx through calcium channel activation, transient intracellular calcium oscillations, and leakage of calcium from intracellular stores. These increases in cytoplasmic calcium have important effects on all calcium-regulated molecules, which may play a direct role in several cell death types and/or activate other cell death effectors, such as caspases, calpains, ROS and proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Furthermore, some support for the possible role of the calcium homeostasis alteration in Tcd-induced cell death originates from the similarity with cytotoxic effects that cause pore-forming toxins, based mainly on calcium influx through plasma membrane pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Fettucciari
- Biosciences & Medical Embryology Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Dini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy;
| | - Pierfrancesco Marconi
- Biosciences & Medical Embryology Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Gabrio Bassotti
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Digestive Endoscopy Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Unit, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, 06129 Perugia, Italy
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Luo Y, Yang Y, Wang W, Gao Q, Gong T, Feng Y, Wu D, Zheng X, Zhang G, Wang H. Aloe-emodin inhibits African swine fever virus replication by promoting apoptosis via regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. Virol J 2023; 20:158. [PMID: 37468960 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute infectious haemorrhagic fever of pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Aloe-emodin (Ae) is an active ingredient of Chinese herbs with antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the antiviral activity and mechanism of action of Ae against ASFV using Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), western blotting, and indirect immunofluorescence assays. Ae significantly inhibited ASFV replication. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis revealed that ASFV infection activated the NF-κB signaling pathway in the early stage and the apoptosis pathway in the late stage. Ae significantly downregulated the expression levels of MyD88, phosphor-NF-κB p65, and pIκB proteins as well as the mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-8 in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with ASFV, thereby inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway induced by ASFV. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis revealed that Ae significantly increased the percentage of ASFV-induced apoptotic cells. Additionally, Ae promoted apoptosis by upregulating the expression levels of cleaved-caspase3 and Bax proteins and downregulating the expression levels of Bcl-2 proteins. This suggests that Ae promotes apoptosis by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, resulting in inhibition of ASFV replication. These findings have further improved therapeutic reserves for the prevention and treatment of ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhuo Luo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongzhi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Dongdong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, PR China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China.
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, PR China.
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China.
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Wu X, He C, Liu C, Xu X, Chen C, Yang H, Shi H, Fei Y, Sun Y, Zhou S, Fang B. Mechanisms of JinHong Formula on treating sepsis explored by randomized controlled trial combined with network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116040. [PMID: 36539071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE JinHong Formula (JHF) was derived from the famous Rhubarb and Moutan Decoction which was prescribed for appendicitis. It was originally recorded in the classic of "Jingui Yaolve" written by Zhang Zhongjing. It is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, widely used in the treatment of inflammation. However, the clinical effect of JHF for sepsis and its comprehensive mechanism in sepsis remained largely unknown. RESEARCH PURPOSE The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical effect of JHF in the treatment of sepsis, and to explore its mechanism from the perspective of network pharmacology. RESEARCH METHODS The single-center randomized clinical trial was conducted to assess the effect of JHF in the treatment of sepsis. Additionally, we used the Chinese herbal medicine pharmacology database and analysis platform to identify the active components and therapeutic target of JHF. Numerous well-known disease target databases have been used to screen therapeutic target proteins for sepsis. Furthermore, we have established a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network and carried out Gene Onotology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (GO/KEGG) enrichment analysis. In order to conclude which active compounds from JHF may be responsible for signaling pathway, we performed network analysis. RESEARCH RESULTS The study included 114 patients. By comparing participants with and without JHF, the results suggested that JHF significantly reduced all-cause mortality on 28 and 60 days after intervention, and improved Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) on 7th day after intervention as well as. JHF had an effect of anti-inflammatories and antioxidants (SOD). By using network pharmacological analysis, we identified 72 active components and 426 target genes of JHF, and successfully constructed a "JHF-compound target-sepsis" network. 116 mentioned targets revealed by GO/KEGG enrichment analysis played a significant role in the inflammatory reaction and immunoregulation via interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. Moreover, the analysis of "pathway target-active component" revealed that Sennidin A, Rheidin A, Rheidin B, Rheidin C, (E)-4-Phenyl-3-Buten-2-One, Osmanthuside H, Esculetin, and Caffeicacid were responsible for IL-17, TNF signaling pathways. CONCLUSION JHF contains potential active substance of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. These active compounds may come into play through IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways. For sepsis, JHF may be a promising and effective treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Chenming He
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian Avenue, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changya Liu
- LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping South Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangru Xu
- LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping South Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping South Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongqiang Yang
- LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping South Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Haimei Shi
- LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping South Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuerong Fei
- LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping South Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping South Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bangjiang Fang
- LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 725 Wanping South Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China; Emergency and Critical Care Institute of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Flores-Romero H, Dadsena S, García-Sáez AJ. Mitochondrial pores at the crossroad between cell death and inflammatory signaling. Mol Cell 2023; 83:843-856. [PMID: 36931255 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles with a major role in many cellular processes, including not only energy production, metabolism, and calcium homeostasis but also regulated cell death and innate immunity. Their proteobacterial origin makes them a rich source of potent immune agonists, normally hidden within the mitochondrial membrane barriers. Alteration of mitochondrial permeability through mitochondrial pores thus provides efficient mechanisms not only to communicate mitochondrial stress to the cell but also as a key event in the integration of cellular responses. In this regard, eukaryotic cells have developed diverse signaling networks that sense and respond to the release of mitochondrial components into the cytosol and play a key role in controlling cell death and inflammatory pathways. Modulating pore formation at mitochondria through direct or indirect mechanisms may thus open new opportunities for therapy. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the structure and molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial pores and how they function at the interface between cell death and inflammatory signaling to regulate cellular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Flores-Romero
- Institute for Genetics, CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shashank Dadsena
- Institute for Genetics, CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana J García-Sáez
- Institute for Genetics, CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Mondal B, Padhy A, Maji S, Gupta A, Sen Gupta S. Dual stimuli-responsive cross-linked nanoassemblies from an amphiphilic mannose-6-phosphate based tri-block copolymer for lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1810-1827. [PMID: 36655818 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm02110b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive cross-linked nanocarriers that can induce lysosomal cell death (LCD) via lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) represent a new class of delivery platforms and have attracted the attention of researchers in the biomedical field. The advantages of such cross-linked nanocarriers are as follows (i) they remain intact during blood circulation; and (ii) they reach the target site via specific receptor-mediated endocytosis leading to the enhancement of therapeutic efficacy and reduction of side effects. Herein, we have synthesized a mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) based amphiphilic ABC type tri-block copolymer having two chains of FDA-approved poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) as the hydrophobic block, and poly(S-(o-nitrobenzyl)-L-cysteine) (NBC) acts as the photoresponsive crosslinker block. Two different tri-block copolymers, [(PCL35)2-b-NBC20-b-M6PGP20] and [(PCL35)2-b-NBC15-b-M6PGP20], were synthesized which upon successful self-assembly initially formed spherical uncross-linked "micellar-type" aggregates (UCL-M) and vesicles (UCL-V), respectively. The uncross-linked nanocarriers upon UV treatment for thirty minutes were covalently crosslinked in the middle PNBC block giving rise to the di-sulfide bonds and forming interface cross-linked "micellar-type" aggregates (ICL-M) and vesicles (ICL-V). DLS, TEM, and AFM techniques were used to successfully characterize the morphology of these nanocarriers. The dual stimuli (redox and enzyme) responsiveness of the cross-linked nanocarriers and their trafficking to the lysosome in mammalian cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis was probed using confocal microscopy images. Furthermore, the addition of a chloroquine (CQ, a known lysosomotropic agent) encapsulated cross-linked nanocarrier (CQ@ICL-V) to non-cancerous (HEK-293T) cells and liver (HepG2), and breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) was found to initiate lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) followed by lysosomal destabilization which eventually led to lysosomal cell death (LCD). Due to the targeted delivery of CQ to the lysosomes of cancerous cells, almost a 90% smaller amount of CQ was able to achieve similar cell death to CQ alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basudeb Mondal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Department of Chemical Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia-741246, India.
| | - Abinash Padhy
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Department of Chemical Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia-741246, India.
| | - Saptarshi Maji
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Department of Biological Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia-741246, India
| | - Arnab Gupta
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Department of Biological Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia-741246, India
| | - Sayam Sen Gupta
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Department of Chemical Sciences, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia-741246, India.
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Bassotti G, Fruganti A, Stracci F, Marconi P, Fettucciari K. Cytotoxic synergism of Clostridioides difficile toxin B with proinflammatory cytokines in subjects with inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:582-596. [PMID: 36742168 PMCID: PMC9896618 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i4.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is progressively colonizing humans and animals living with humans. During this process, hypervirulent strains and mutated toxin A and B of C. difficile (TcdA and TcdB) are originating and developing. While in healthy subjects colonization by C. difficile becomes a risk after the use of antibiotics that alter the microbiome, other categories of people are more susceptible to infection and at risk of relapse, such as those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent in vitro studies suggest that this increased susceptibility could be due to the strong cytotoxic synergism between TcdB and proinflammatory cytokines the tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma (CKs). Therefore, in subjects with IBD the presence of an inflammatory state in the colon could be the driver that increases the susceptibility to C. difficile infection and its progression and relapses. TcdB is internalized in the cell via three receptors: chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan 4; poliovirus receptor-like 3; and Wnt receptor frizzled family. Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan 4 and Wnt receptor frizzled family are involved in cell death by apoptosis or necrosis depending on the concentration of TcdB and cell types, while poliovirus receptor-like 3 induces only necrosis. It is possible that cytokines could also induce a greater expression of receptors for TcdB that are more involved in necrosis than in apoptosis. Therefore, in subjects with IBD there are the conditions: (1) For greater susceptibility to C. difficile infection, such as the inflammatory state, and abnormalities of the microbiome and of the immune system; (2) for the enhancement of the cytotoxic activity of TcdB +Cks; and (3) for a greater expression of TcdB receptors stimulated by cytokines that induce cell death by necrosis rather than apoptosis. The only therapeutic approach currently possible in IBD patients is monitoring of C. difficile colonization for interventions aimed at reducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma levels when the infection begins. The future perspective is to generate bacteriophages against C. difficile for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrio Bassotti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Digestive Endoscopy Section University of Perugia Medical School, Piazza Lucio Severi, Perugia 06132, Italy, and Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Unit Perugia 06156, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fruganti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica 62024, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Stracci
- Medicine and Surgery, Hygiene and Public Health Section, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Marconi
- Medicine and Surgery, Biosciences & Medical Embryology Section, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Katia Fettucciari
- Medicine and Surgery, Biosciences & Medical Embryology Section, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
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10
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Clostridioides difficile toxin B alone and with pro-inflammatory cytokines induces apoptosis in enteric glial cells by activating three different signalling pathways mediated by caspases, calpains and cathepsin B. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:442. [PMID: 35864342 PMCID: PMC9304068 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes nosocomial/antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal diseases with dramatically increasing global incidence and mortality rates. The main C. difficile virulence factors, toxins A and B (TcdA/TcdB), cause cytopathic/cytotoxic effects and inflammation. We demonstrated that TcdB induces caspase-dependent, mitochondria-independent enteric glial cell (EGC) apoptosis that is enhanced by the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ (CKs) by increasing caspase-3/7/9 and PARP activation. Because this cytotoxic synergism is important for CDI pathogenesis, we investigated the apoptotic pathways involved in TcdB- and TcdB + CK-induced apoptosis indepth. EGCs were pre-treated with the inhibitors BAF or Q-VD-OPh (pan-caspase), Z-DEVD-fmk (caspase-3/7), Z-IETD-fmk (caspase-8), PD150606 (calpains), and CA-074Me (cathepsin B) 1 h before TcdB exposure, while CKs were given 1.5 h after TcdB exposure, and assays were performed at 24 h. TcdB and TcdB + CKs induced apoptosis through three signalling pathways activated by calpains, caspases and cathepsins, which all are involved both in induction and execution apoptotic signalling under both conditions but to different degrees in TcdB and TcdB + CKs especially as regards to signal transduction mediated by these proteases towards downstream effects (apoptosis). Calpain activation by Ca2+ influx is the first pro-apoptotic event in TcdB- and TcdB + CK-induced EGC apoptosis and causes caspase-3, caspase-7 and PARP activation. PARP is also directly activated by calpains which are responsible of about 75% of apoptosis in TcdB and 62% in TcdB + CK which is both effector caspase-dependent and -independent. Initiator caspase-8 activation mediated by TcdB contributes to caspase-3/caspase-7 and PARP activation and is responsible of about 28% of apoptosis in both conditions. Caspase-3/caspase-7 activation is weakly responsible of apoptosis, indeed we found that it mediates 27% of apoptosis only in TcdB. Cathepsin B contributes to triggering pro-apoptotic signal and is responsible in both conditions of about 35% of apoptosis by a caspase-independent manner, and seems to regulate the caspase-3 and caspase-7 cleaved fragment levels, highlighting the complex interaction between these cysteine protease families activated during TcdB-induced apoptosis. Further a relevant difference between TcdB- and TcdB + CK-induced apoptosis is that TcdB-induced apoptosis increased slowly reaching at 72 h the value of 18.7%, while TcdB + CK-induced apoptosis increased strongly reaching at 72 h the value of 60.6%. Apoptotic signalling activation by TcdB + CKs is enriched by TNF-α-induced NF-κB signalling, inhibition of JNK activation and activation of AKT. In conclusion, the ability of C. difficile to activate three apoptotic pathways represents an important strategy to overcome resistance against its cytotoxic activity.
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11
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Chukai Y, Ito G, Konno M, Sakata Y, Ozaki T. Mitochondrial calpain-5 truncates caspase-4 during endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 608:156-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Abstract
Influenza viruses cause respiratory tract infections, which lead to human disease outbreaks and pandemics. Influenza A virus (IAV) circulates in diverse animal species, predominantly aquatic birds. This often results in the emergence of novel viral strains causing severe human disease upon zoonotic transmission. Innate immune sensing of the IAV infection promotes host cell death and inflammatory responses to confer antiviral host defense. Dysregulated respiratory epithelial cell death and excessive proinflammatory responses drive immunopathology in highly pathogenic influenza infections. Here, we discuss the critical mechanisms regulating IAV-induced cell death and proinflammatory responses. We further describe the essential role of the Z-form nucleic acid sensor ZBP1/DAI and RIPK3 in triggering apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis during IAV infection and their impact on host defense and pathogenicity in vivo. We also discuss the functional importance of ZBP1-RIPK3 signaling in recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other viral infections. Understanding these mechanisms of RNA virus-induced cytopathic and pathogenic inflammatory responses is crucial for targeting pathogenic lung infections and human respiratory illness.
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13
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Synthesis and characterization of potent RIPK3 inhibitors based on a tricyclic scaffold. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:421-442. [PMID: 35167311 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Necroptosis is an important form of regulated cell death involved in inflammatory diseases, degenerative diseases and cancer. RIPK3 is an interesting target for intervention of necroptosis-associated diseases. Methodology: Herein the authors report the synthesis of a series RIPK3 inhibitors under the guidance of structure-based drug design which leads to the identification of compound 37. Results: Compound 37 potently rescued human and mouse cells from necroptotic stimuli TNFα, Smac mimetic, z-VAD and LPS + z-VAD, displayed high affinity to RIPK3 (Kd = 14 nM) but no observable affinity to RIPK1 and inhibited RIPK3 kinase function. Importantly, compound 37 significantly alleviated TNF-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the mouse model. Conclusion: These results support compound 37 as a prototype RIPK3 inhibitor for lead optimization.
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14
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Mondal B, Dutta T, Padhy A, Das S, Sen Gupta S. Lysosome-Targeting Strategy Using Polypeptides and Chimeric Molecules. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:5-16. [PMID: 35036673 PMCID: PMC8757330 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are membranous compartments containing hydrolytic enzymes, where cellular degradation of proteins and enzymes among others occurs in a controlled manner. Lysosomal dysfunction results in various pathological situations, such as several lysosomal storage disorders, neurodegeneration, infectious diseases, cancers, and aging. In this review, we have discussed different strategies for synthesizing peptides/chimeric molecules, their lysosome-targeting ability, and their ability to treat several lysosomal associated diseases, including lysosomal storage diseases and cancers. We have also discussed the delivery of cargo molecules into the lysosome using lysosome-targeting ligand-decorated nanocarriers. The introduction of a protein-binding ligand along with a lysosome-targeting ligand to manufacture a chimeric architecture for cell-specific protein (extracellular and membrane protein) degradation ability has been discussed thoroughly. Finally, the future applications of these lysosome-targeting peptides, nanocarriers, and chimeric molecules have been pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basudeb Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Tahiti Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Abinash Padhy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Sabyasachi Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Sayam Sen Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
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15
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Yang T, Guo R, Ofengeim D, Hwang JY, Zukin RS, Chen J, Zhang F. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Death. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Mukhopadhyay U, Patra U, Chandra P, Saha P, Gope A, Dutta M, Chawla-Sarkar M. Rotavirus activates MLKL-mediated host cellular necroptosis concomitantly with apoptosis to facilitate dissemination of viral progeny. Mol Microbiol 2021; 117:818-836. [PMID: 34954851 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Reprogramming the host cellular environment is an obligatory facet of viral pathogens to foster their replication and perpetuation. One of such reprogramming events is the dynamic cross-talk between viruses and host cellular death signaling pathways. Rotaviruses (RVs) have been reported to develop multiple mechanisms to induce apoptotic programmed cell death for maximizing viral spread and pathogenicity. However, the importance of non-apoptotic programmed death events has remained elusive in context of RV infection. Here, we report that RV-induced apoptosis accompanies another non-apoptotic mode of programmed cell death pathway called necroptosis to promote host cellular demise at late phase of infection. Phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase-domain like (MLKL) protein indicative of necroptosis was observed to concur with caspase-cleavage (apoptotic marker) beyond 6 hours of RV infection. Subsequent studies demonstrated phosphorylated-MLKL to oligomerize and to translocate to plasma membrane in RV infected cells, resulting in loss of plasma membrane integrity and release of alarmin molecules e.g., high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) in the extracellular media. Moreover, inhibiting caspase-cleavage and apoptosis could not fully rescue virus-induced cell death but rather potentiated the necroptotic trigger. Interestingly, preventing both apoptosis and necroptosis by small molecules significantly rescued virus-induced host cytopathy by inhibiting viral dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urbi Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme- XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Upayan Patra
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme- XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Pritam Chandra
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme- XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme- XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Animesh Gope
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme- XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Moumita Dutta
- Division of Electron Microscopy, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme- XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme- XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
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17
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Balachandran S, Mocarski ES. Viral Z-RNA triggers ZBP1-dependent cell death. Curr Opin Virol 2021; 51:134-140. [PMID: 34688984 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Z-DNA Binding protein 1 (ZBP1) activates Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 3 (RIPK3) -dependent cell death during lytic infection by members of the orthomyxovirus, herpesvirus and poxvirus families. ZBP1 possesses two Zα domains capable of selective binding to Z-DNA, as well as to Z-RNA. We have now unveiled Z-RNA as the ligand that activates ZBP1 in cells infected with orthomyxoviruses (influenza A and B viruses) and the poxvirus vaccinia virus (VACV). Orthomyxovirus Z-RNA is sensed by ZBP1 in the nucleus of infected cells, resulting in nuclear activation of RIPK3, consequent rupture of the nucleus, and hyper-inflammatory 'nuclear necroptosis'. VACV-generated Z-RNA accumulates in the cytoplasm, where it is sequestered from ZBP1 by E3, the viral E3L gene product. In viruses where the E3 Zα domain has been mutated, ZBP1 senses Z-RNA and triggers RIPK3-dependent necroptosis in the cytoplasm. Z-RNA is thus a new viral pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Balachandran
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Edward S Mocarski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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18
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Liu Z, Wang W, Luo J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Gan Z, Shen X, Zhang Y, Meng X. Anti-Apoptotic Role of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction and Anisodamine in Endotoxemia. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:531325. [PMID: 33967742 PMCID: PMC8099151 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.531325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endotoxemia is characterized by initial uncontrollable inflammation, terminal immune paralysis, significant cell apoptosis and tissue injury, which can aggravate or induce multiple diseases and become one of the complications of many diseases. Therefore, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic therapy is a valuable strategy for the treatment of endotoxemia-induced tissue injury. Traditional Chinese medicine exhibits great advantages in the treatment of endotoxemia. In this review, we have analyzed and summarized the active ingredients and their metabolites of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction, a famous formula in endotoxemia therapy. We then have summarized the mechanisms of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction against endotoxemia and its mediated tissue injury. Furthermore, silico strategy was used to evaluate the anti-apoptotic mechanism of anisodamine, a well-known natural product that widely used to improve survival in patients with septic shock. Finally, we also have summarized other anti-apoptotic natural products as well as their therapeutic effects on endotoxemia and its mediated tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Liu
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingrui Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunsen Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gan
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- Innovative Institutes of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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19
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Wu S, Xu C, Xia K, Lin Y, Tian S, Ma H, Ji Y, Zhu F, He S, Zhang X. Ring closure strategy leads to potent RIPK3 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 217:113327. [PMID: 33730678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrotic cell death that is independent of caspases. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) has been identified as a key regulator for necroptosis, and has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases associated with necroptosis. In this report, we describe the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a series of novel RIPK3 inhibitors. The lead compound 38 exhibited potent activity (EC50 = 0.42 μM) in blocking TNFα, Smac mimetic and z-VAD (TSZ) induced cell death in HT-29 cells. Mechanistic studies showed that compound 38 bound to RIPK3 with high affinity (Kd = 7.1 nM), and inhibited RIPK3 kinase activity in a ADP-Glo functional assay. In addition, compound 38 displayed good selectivity over another necroptosis regulator RIPK1 (Kd = 6000 nM). Furthermore, compound 38 demonstrated excellent in vitro safety profiles with minimal inhibition of CYP isozymes and hERG potassium channel. Lastly, compound 38 efficiently blocked hypothermia and death in mice in the TNFα-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Chen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Kaijiang Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Yu Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Sheng Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Haikuo Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Yuting Ji
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medial College, Beijing, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, PR China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medial College, Beijing, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, PR China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Sudan He
- Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medial College, Beijing, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, PR China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
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20
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Fettucciari K, Fruganti A, Marchegiani A, Brancorsini S, Marconi P, Bassotti G. Proinflammatory Cytokines: Possible Accomplices for the Systemic Effects of Clostridioides difficile Toxin B. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:57-62. [PMID: 33469335 PMCID: PMC7810702 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s287096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has a serious impact on the healthcare system, and most of its pathogenic effects are mainly due to the activity of toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB, respectively). The molecular mechanisms of their cytotoxic activity are well known, especially in the colon, where the infection occurs and normally remains localized. However, the mechanisms causing toxic effects on various systemic organs (extraintestinal manifestations) with frequent lethal outcomes in some patients affected by CDI are still poorly understood. Few studies are available that demonstrate low serum levels of Tcds in both experimental animal models and patients with CDI. Until now, it has remained unclear how low levels of circulating Tcds could lead to serious toxic effects. On the basis of our previous in vitro studies, in which the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma strongly potentiated the toxic activity of low doses of TcdB, we hypothesize that the presence of both TcdB in the circulation and a systemic proinflammatory cytokine storm may be responsible for the selective severe effects of TcdB in some patients. This may occur in patients with severe CDI and systemic Tcds, in whom proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma reach a significant concentration in the circulation. This hypothesis could identify therapeutic interventions based on the reduction or neutralization of the indirect toxic action of these cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Fettucciari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: Katia Fettucciari Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, Edificio B IV Piano, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia06132, ItalyTel +39755858124 Email
| | - Alessandro Fruganti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Andrea Marchegiani
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Stefano Brancorsini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Marconi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gabrio Bassotti
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Digestive Endoscopy Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
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21
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Wang Y, Ma H, Huang J, Yao Z, Yu J, Zhang W, Zhang L, Wang Z, Zhuang C. Discovery of bardoxolone derivatives as novel orally active necroptosis inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 212:113030. [PMID: 33248849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that contributes to the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, bardoxolone (CDDO, 7) was an inhibitor of necroptosis identified from an in-house natural product library. Further optimization led to identify a more potent analogue 20. Compound 20 could effectively protect against necroptosis in human and mouse cells. The antinecroptotic effect could also be synergized with other necroptosis inhibitors. It blocked necrosome formation by targeting Hsp90 to inhibit the phosphorylation of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in necroptotic cells. In vivo, this compound was orally active to alleviate TNF-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and cerebral I/R injury. Our results suggested that 20 could be a lead compound for discovering necroptosis inhibitors in I/R treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Middle Zhijiang Road, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Hao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiaxuan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zhengguang Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lichao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Middle Zhijiang Road, Shanghai, 200071, China.
| | - Zhibin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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22
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Zhu H, Zheng C. The Race between Host Antiviral Innate Immunity and the Immune Evasion Strategies of Herpes Simplex Virus 1. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2020; 84:e00099-20. [PMID: 32998978 PMCID: PMC7528619 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00099-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is very successful in establishing acute and latent infections in humans by counteracting host antiviral innate immune responses. HSV-1 has evolved various strategies to evade host antiviral innate immunity and some cellular survival-associated pathways. Since there is still no vaccine available for HSV-1, a continuous update of information regarding the interaction between HSV-1 infection and the host antiviral innate immunity will provide novel insights to develop new therapeutic strategies for HSV-1 infection and its associated diseases. Here, we update recent studies about how HSV-1 evades the host antiviral innate immunity, specifically how HSV-1 proteins directly or indirectly target the adaptors in the antiviral innate immunity signaling pathways to downregulate the signal transduction. Additionally, some classical intracellular stress responses, which also play important roles in defense of viral invasion, will be discussed here. With a comprehensive review of evasion mechanisms of antiviral innate immunity by HSV-1, we will be able to develop potential new targets for therapies and a possible vaccine against HSV-1 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Neonatal/Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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23
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Fang Y, Choi JY, Park DH, Park MG, Kim JY, Wang M, Kim HJ, Kim WJ, Je YH. Suppression of Rice Stripe Virus Replication in Laodelphax striatellus Using Vector Insect-Derived Double-Stranded RNAs. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 36:280-288. [PMID: 32547343 PMCID: PMC7272848 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2020.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has attracted attention as a promising approach to control plant viruses in their insect vectors. In the present study, to suppress replication of the rice stripe virus (RSV) in its vector, Laodelphax striatellus, using RNAi, dsRNAs against L. striatellus genes that are strongly upregulated upon RSV infection were delivered through a rice leaf-mediated method. RNAi-based silencing of peroxiredoxin, cathepsin B, and cytochrome P450 resulted in significant down regulation of the NS3 gene of RSV, achieving a transcriptional reduction greater than 73.6% at a concentration of 100 ng/μl and, possibly compromising viral replication. L. striatellus genes might play crucial roles in the transmission of RSV; transcriptional silencing of these genes could suppress viral replication in L. striatellus. These results suggest effective RNAi-based approaches for controlling RSV and provide insight into RSV-L. striatellus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Young Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Min Gu Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jun Young Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeon Ho Je
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Corresponding author. Phone) +82-2-880-4706, FAX) +82-2-873-2319, E-mail)
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24
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Yao Z, Zhang X, Zhao F, Wang S, Chen A, Huang B, Wang J, Li X. Ursodeoxycholic Acid Inhibits Glioblastoma Progression via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Related Apoptosis and Synergizes with the Proteasome Inhibitor Bortezomib. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:1337-1346. [PMID: 32239921 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has demonstrated cancer suppressive potential in several tumors. Here, we investigated the antitumor potential and biochemical mechanism of UDCA on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the deadliest form of brain cancer with a median survival of 15 months. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 and colony forming assays. Expression profiles were obtained using RNA sequencing, and PCR and Western blot were used to validate changes in related markers at the RNA and protein levels. Flow cytometry was used to examine cell cycle, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). UDCA inhibited GBM cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry demonstrated that cells were arrested in the G1 phase and underwent apoptosis. The RNA sequencing results showed UDCA treatment in part targeted gene expression related to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). UDCA indeed led to decreased MMP, overproduction of ROS, and ER stress. Three critical ER stress sensors ATF6, IRE1α, and PERK were increased in the acute phase. Additionally, combining UDCA with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) achieved a synergistic effect through enhancing the PERK/ATF4/CHOP pathway and protracting ER stress. UDCA inhibited GBM progression, and the combination with BTZ achieved a synergistic effect via protracted ER stress. Thus, UDCA, alone or with combination of BTZ, shows promise as a possible therapeutic agent for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Yao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Feihu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Anjing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5200 Bergen, Norway
| | - Xingang Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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25
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JNK1 and ERK1/2 modulate lymphocyte homeostasis via BIM and DRP1 upon AICD induction. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2749-2767. [PMID: 32346136 PMCID: PMC7492225 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0540-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Activation-Induced Cell Death (AICD) is a stimulation-dependent form of apoptosis used by the organism to shutdown T-cell response once the source of inflammation has been eliminated, while allowing the generation of immune memory. AICD is thought to progress through the activation of the extrinsic Fas/FasL pathway of cell death, leading to cytochrome-C release through caspase-8 and Bid activation. We recently described that, early upon AICD induction, mitochondria undergo structural alterations, which are required to promote cytochrome-C release and execute cell death. Here, we found that such alterations do not depend on the Fas/FasL pathway, which is instead only lately activated to amplify the cell death cascade. Instead, such alterations are primarily dependent on the MAPK proteins JNK1 and ERK1/2, which, in turn, regulate the activity of the pro-fission protein Drp1 and the pro-apoptotic factor Bim. The latter regulates cristae disassembly and cooperate with Drp1 to mediate the Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization (MOMP), leading to cytochrome-C release. Interestingly, we found that Bim is also downregulated in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) cells, this alteration favouring their escape from AICD-mediated control.
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26
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Balachandran S, Rall GF. Benefits and Perils of Necroptosis in Influenza Virus Infection. J Virol 2020; 94:e01101-19. [PMID: 32051270 PMCID: PMC7163144 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01101-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) are lytic viruses that have recently been found to activate necroptosis in many of the cell types they infect. Necroptotic cell death is potently immunogenic and limits IAV spread by directly eliminating infected cells and by mobilizing both innate and adaptive immune responses. The benefits of necroptosis to the host, however, may sometimes be outweighed by the potentially deleterious hyperinflammatory consequences of activating this death modality in pulmonary and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Balachandran
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Glenn F Rall
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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27
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Dodo K, Kuboki E, Shimizu T, Imamura R, Magarisawa M, Takahashi M, Tokuhiro T, Yotsumoto S, Asano K, Nakao S, Terayama N, Suda T, Tanaka M, Sodeoka M. Development of a Water-Soluble Indolylmaleimide Derivative IM-93 Showing Dual Inhibition of Ferroptosis and NETosis. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1272-1278. [PMID: 31531196 PMCID: PMC6746101 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
The
indolylmaleimide (IM) derivative IM-17 shows inhibitory
activity against oxidative-stress-induced necrotic cell death and
cardioprotective activity in rat ischemia-reperfusion injury models.
In order to develop a more potent derivative, we conducted a detailed
structure–activity relationship study of IM derivatives and
identified IM-93 as the most potent derivative with good
water solubility. IM-93 inhibited ferroptosis and NETosis,
but not necroptosis or pyroptosis. In contrast, ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1),
a ferroptosis inhibitor, did not inhibit NETosis, although the accompanying
lipid peroxidation was partially inhibited by Fer-1, as well as by IM-93. Thus, IM derivatives have a unique activity profile
and appear to be promising candidates for in vivo application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Dodo
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Sodeoka Live Cell Chemistry Project, ERATO, JST, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Erika Kuboki
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tadashi Shimizu
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ryu Imamura
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Megumi Magarisawa
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takuto Tokuhiro
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yotsumoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kenichi Asano
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakao
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoki Terayama
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Suda
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Sodeoka Live Cell Chemistry Project, ERATO, JST, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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28
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Simula L, Campanella M, Campello S. Targeting Drp1 and mitochondrial fission for therapeutic immune modulation. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104317. [PMID: 31220561 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles whose processes of fusion and fission are tightly regulated by specialized proteins, known as mitochondria-shaping proteins. Among them, Drp1 is the main pro-fission protein and its activity is tightly regulated to ensure a strict control over mitochondria shape according to the cell needs. In the recent years, mitochondrial dynamics emerged as a new player in the regulation of fundamental processes during T cell life. Indeed, the morphology of mitochondria directly regulates T cell differentiation, this by affecting the engagment of alternative metabolic routes upon activation. Further, Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission sustains both T cell clonal expansion and T cell migration and invasivness. By this review, we aim at discussing the most recent findings about the roles played by the Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission in T cells, and at highlighting how its pharmacological modulation could open the way to future therapeutic approaches to modulate T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Simula
- Dept. of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Dept. of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Campanella
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street NW1 0TU, London, United Kingdom; Consortium for Mitochondrial Research (CfMR), University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Campello
- Dept. of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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29
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Zhang H, Xu L, Qin X, Chen X, Cong H, Hu L, Chen L, Miao Z, Zhang W, Cai Z, Zhuang C. N-(7-Cyano-6-(4-fluoro-3-(2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamido)phenoxy)benzo[ d]thiazol-2-yl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (TAK-632) Analogues as Novel Necroptosis Inhibitors by Targeting Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 3 (RIPK3): Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and in Vivo Efficacy. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6665-6681. [PMID: 31095385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, plays a critical role in various diseases, including inflammatory, infectious, and degenerative diseases. We previously identified N-(7-cyano-6-(4-fluoro-3-(2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamido)phenoxy)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)cyclopropanecarboxamide (TAK-632) (6) as a potent inhibitor of necroptosis by targeting both receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and 3 (RIPK3) kinases. Herein, we performed three rounds of structural optimizations of TAK-632 and elucidated structure-activity relationships to generate more potent inhibitors by targeting RIPK3. The analogues with carbamide groups exhibited great antinecroptotic activities, and compound 42 showed >60-fold selectivity for RIPK3 than RIPK1. It blocked necrosome formation by specifically inhibiting the phosphorylation of RIPK3 in necroptotic cells. In a tumor necrosis factor-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome model, it significantly protected mice from hypothermia and death at a dose of 5 mg/kg, which was much more effective than TAK-632. Moreover, it showed favorable and druglike pharmacokinetic properties in rats with an oral bioavailability of 25.2%. Thus, these RIPK3-targeting small molecules represent promising lead structures for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , 1160 Shengli Street , Yinchuan 750004 , China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , 1160 Shengli Street , Yinchuan 750004 , China
| | - Xia Qin
- National Center for Liver Cancer , Second Military Medical University , 225 Changhai Road , Shanghai 200438 , China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Hui Cong
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , 1160 Shengli Street , Yinchuan 750004 , China.,School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Longmiao Hu
- National Center for Liver Cancer , Second Military Medical University , 225 Changhai Road , Shanghai 200438 , China
| | - Long Chen
- School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Zhenyuan Miao
- School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , 1160 Shengli Street , Yinchuan 750004 , China.,School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Zhenyu Cai
- National Center for Liver Cancer , Second Military Medical University , 225 Changhai Road , Shanghai 200438 , China.,Cancer Institute , Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , 1160 Shengli Street , Yinchuan 750004 , China.,School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai 200433 , China.,Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
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30
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Dong X, Qi H, Feng D, He B, Nakamura Y, Yu C, Zhu B. Oxidative stress involved in textural changes of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus body wall during low-temperature treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2018.1559187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Hang Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Dingding Feng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Baoyu He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chenxu Yu
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
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31
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Chiramel AI, Best SM. Role of autophagy in Zika virus infection and pathogenesis. Virus Res 2018; 254:34-40. [PMID: 28899653 PMCID: PMC5844781 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular pathway that culminates in lysosomal degradation of selected substrates. Autophagy can serve dual roles in virus infection with either pro- or antiviral functions depending on the virus and the stage of the viral replication cycle. Recent studies have suggested a role for autophagy in Zika virus (ZIKV) replication by demonstrating the accumulation of autophagic vesicles following ZIKV infection in both in vitro and in vivo models. In human fetal neural stem cells, ZIKV inhibits Akt-mTOR signaling to induce autophagy, increase virus replication and impede neurogenesis. However, autophagy also has the potential to limit ZIKV replication, with separate studies demonstrating antiviral roles for autophagy at the maternal-placental-fetal interface, and more specifically, at the endoplasmic reticulum where virus replication is established in an infected cell. Interestingly, ZIKV (and related flaviviruses) has evolved specific mechanisms to overcome autophagy at the ER, thus demonstrating important roles for these autophagic pathways in virus replication and host response. This review summarizes the known roles of autophagy in ZIKV replication and how they might influence virus tissue tropism and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash I Chiramel
- Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
| | - Sonja M Best
- Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
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32
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Rudolf E, Červinka M. Cytoskeletal Changes in Non-Apoptotic Cell Death. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2018. [DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2017.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic morphology and cytoskeletal changes in Hep-2 cells exhibiting features of non-apoptotic cell death after treatment with zinc were studied using immunofluorescence microscopy and spectrofluorimetry. Among early morphological changes in treated cells was development of vacuolization, surface blebbing, relatively rapid cell detachment from substratum, cell shrinkage and, in some cases, appearance of membrane protrusions. Staining of microfilaments revealed rapid rearrangement and subsequent loss of F-actin accompanied by changes in the amount and localization of G-actin. The use of specific kinase and caspase inhibitors did not prevent surface blebbing as well as other morphological features in dying cells. Dying cells were only weakly positive for phosphatidyl serine and showed only a transient activation of caspase-9 with no signs of activation of caspase-3. These results suggest the existence of nonapoptotic cell death showing morphological features of both apoptosis and necrosis but, biochemically, resembling some other type of cell death.
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33
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Hu J, Lin C, Liu M, Tong Q, Xu S, Wang D, Zhao Y. Analysis of the microRNA transcriptome of Daphnia pulex during aging. Gene 2018; 664:101-110. [PMID: 29684489 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Daphnia pulex is an important food organism that exhibits a particular mode of reproduction known as cyclical parthenogenesis (asexual) and sexual reproduction. Regulation of the aging process by microRNAs (miRNAs) is a research hotspot in miRNA studies. To investigate a possible role of miRNAs in regulating aging and senescence, we used Illumina HiSeq to sequence two miRNA libraries from 1-day-old (1d) and 25-day-old (25d) D. pulex specimens. In total, we obtained 11,218,097 clean reads and 28,569 unique miRNAs from 1d specimens and 11,819,106 clean reads and 44,709 unique miRNAs from 25d specimens. Bioinformatic analyses was used to identify 1335 differentially expressed miRNAs from known miRNAs, including 127 miRNAs that exhibited statistically significant differences (P < 0.01); 92 miRNAs were upregulated and 35 were downregulated. Quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR experiments were performed for nine miRNAs from five samples (1d, 5d, 10d, 15d, 20d and 25d) during the aging process, and the sequencing and qRT-PCR data were found to be consistent. Ninety-four miRNAs were predicted to correspond to 2014 target genes in known miRNAs with 4032 target gene sites. Sixteen pathways changed significantly (P < 0.05) at different developmental stages, revealing many important principles of the miRNA regulatory aging network of D. pulex. Overall, the difference in miRNA expression profile during aging of D. pulex forms a basis for further studies aimed at understanding the role of miRNAs in regulating aging, reproductive transformation, senescence, and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Hu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chongyuan Lin
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mengdi Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Qiaoqiong Tong
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shanliang Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Danli Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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34
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Abstract
The programmed self-destruction of infected cells is a powerful antimicrobial strategy in metazoans. For decades, apoptosis represented the dominant mechanism by which the virus-infected cell was thought to undergo programmed cell death. More recently, however, new mechanisms of cell death have been described that are also key to host defense. One such mechanism in vertebrates is programmed necrosis, or "necroptosis", driven by receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3). Once activated by innate immune stimuli, including virus infections, RIPK3 phosphorylates the mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), which then disrupts cellular membranes to effect necroptosis. Emerging evidence demonstrates that RIPK3 can also mediate apoptosis and regulate inflammasomes. Here, we review studies on the mechanisms by which viruses activate RIPK3 and the pathways engaged by RIPK3 that drive cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Upton
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, LaMontagne Center for Infectious Disease, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Maria Shubina
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Siddharth Balachandran
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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35
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Dong X, Fu H, Chang S, Zhang X, Sun H, He B, Jiang D, Yu C, Qi H. Textural and biochemical changes of scallop Patinopecten yessoensis adductor muscle during low-temperature long-time (LTLT) processing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1373123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Fu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning province, P. R. China
| | - Sijia Chang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning province, P. R. China
| | - Hao Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning province, P. R. China
| | - Baoyu He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning province, P. R. China
| | - Di Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning province, P. R. China
| | - Chenxu Yu
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Hang Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning province, P. R. China
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Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is the most ubiquitous stress-inducible chaperone. It accumulates in the cells in response to a wide variety of physiological and environmental insults including anticancer chemotherapy, thus allowing the cell to survive to lethal conditions. Intracellular Hsp70 is viewed as a cytoprotective protein. Indeed, this protein can inhibit key effectors of the apoptotic and autophagy machineries. In cancer cells, the expression of Hsp70 is abnormally high, and Hsp70 may participate in oncogenesis and in resistance to chemotherapy. In rodent models, Hsp70 overexpression increases tumor growth and metastatic potential. Depletion or inhibition of Hsp70 frequently reduces the size of the tumors and can even cause their complete involution. However, HSP70 is also found in the extra-cellular space where it may signal via membrane receptors or endosomes to alter gene transcription and cellular function. Overall, Hsp70 extracellular function is believed to be immnunogenic and the term chaperokine to define the extracellular chaperones such as Hsp70 has been advanced. In this chapter the knowledge to date, as well as some emerging paradigms about the intra- and extra-cellular functions of Hsp70, are presented. The strategies targeting Hsp70 that are being developed in cancer therapy will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Boudesco
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sebastien Cause
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Gaëtan Jego
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
| | - Carmen Garrido
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Chen H, Lv M, Lv Z, Li C, Zhang W, Zhao X, Duan X, Jin C, Xiong J, Xu F, Li Y. Divergent roles of three cytochrome c in CTSB-modulating coelomocyte apoptosis in Apostichopus japonicus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 76:65-76. [PMID: 28549733 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c plays crucial roles in apoptosis and the immune response. We previously demonstrated that cathepsin B from Apostichopus japonicus (AjCTSB) induces coelomocyte apoptosis. However, the mechanistic explanation and the regulation of this process have not been investigated. In the present study, we identified three cytochrome c cDNAs from A. japonicus (designated Ajcytc1, Ajcytc-1, and Ajcytc-2) using expressed sequence tag- (EST) and RACE-based approaches. The deduced amino acid sequences of the three cytochrome isoforms contained conserved CXXCH motifs, which are involved in binding heme and maintaining proteolytic activity. Time course expression analysis in vitro and in vivo revealed that the three cytochrome isoforms were induced upon pathogen challenge and LPS exposure. More importantly, AjCTSB knockdown by siRNA dramatically increased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in a time-dependent manner based on JC-1 fluorescent probe staining. AjCTSB knockdown also resulted in decreased expression of these three cytochromes 24 h after siAjCTSB transfection. Functional analysis using isoform-specific siRNAs revealed that Ajcytc-1, but not Ajcytc1 or Ajcytc-2, is involved in coelomocyte apoptosis. Moreover, the transcript level of Ajcaspase-3, an apoptosis executioner, was also consistently down-regulated upon silencing of Ajcytc-1 but not Ajcytc1 or Ajcytc-2. Collectively, these results indicate that Ajcytc1, Ajcytc-1, and Ajcytc-2 play distinct roles in mediating the immune response to bacteria according to AjCTSB expression. Moreover, Ajcytc-1 could be released upon dissipation of the ΔΨm, which could further trigger coelomocyte apoptosis through the activation of Ajcaspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahui Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Miao Lv
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Zhimeng Lv
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Chenghua Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China.
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Xuemei Duan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Chunhua Jin
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Jinbo Xiong
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Ye Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
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Martinez-Carreres L, Nasrallah A, Fajas L. Cancer: Linking Powerhouses to Suicidal Bags. Front Oncol 2017; 7:204. [PMID: 28932704 PMCID: PMC5592205 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-bound organelles are integrated into cellular networks and work together for a common goal: regulating cell metabolism, cell signaling pathways, cell fate, cellular maintenance, and pathogen defense. Many of these interactions are well established, but little is known about the interplay between mitochondria and lysosomes, and their deregulation in cancer. The present review focuses on the common signaling pathways of both organelles, as well as the processes in which they both physically interact, their changes under pathological conditions, and the impact on targeting those organelles for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Martinez-Carreres
- Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anita Nasrallah
- Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abstract
Volatile general anesthetics continue to be an important part of clinical anesthesia worldwide. The impact of volatile anesthetics on the immune system has been investigated at both mechanistic and clinical levels, but previous studies have returned conflicting findings due to varied protocols, experimental environments, and subject species. While many of these studies have focused on the immunosuppressive effects of volatile anesthetics, compelling evidence also exists for immunoactivation. Depending on the clinical conditions, immunosuppression and activation due to volatile anesthetics can be either detrimental or beneficial. This review provides a balanced perspective on the anesthetic modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses as well as indirect effectors of immunity. Potential mechanisms of immunomodulation by volatile anesthetics are also discussed. A clearer understanding of these issues will pave the way for clinical guidelines that better account for the impact of volatile anesthetics on the immune system, with the ultimate goal of improving perioperative management.
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Xu ZY, Zheng MX, Zhang L, Gong X, Xi R, Cui XZ, Bai R. Dynamic expression of death receptor adapter proteins tradd and fadd in Eimeria tenella-induced host cell apoptosis. Poult Sci 2017; 96:1438-1444. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Bioactive Nutrients and Nutrigenomics in Age-Related Diseases. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010105. [PMID: 28075340 PMCID: PMC6155887 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased life expectancy and the expansion of the elderly population are stimulating research into aging. Aging may be viewed as a multifactorial process that results from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, which include lifestyle. Human molecular processes are influenced by physiological pathways as well as exogenous factors, which include the diet. Dietary components have substantive effects on metabolic health; for instance, bioactive molecules capable of selectively modulating specific metabolic pathways affect the development/progression of cardiovascular and neoplastic disease. As bioactive nutrients are increasingly identified, their clinical and molecular chemopreventive effects are being characterized and systematic analyses encompassing the "omics" technologies (transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) are being conducted to explore their action. The evolving field of molecular pathological epidemiology has unique strength to investigate the effects of dietary and lifestyle exposure on clinical outcomes. The mounting body of knowledge regarding diet-related health status and disease risk is expected to lead in the near future to the development of improved diagnostic procedures and therapeutic strategies targeting processes relevant to nutrition. The state of the art of aging and nutrigenomics research and the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of bioactive nutrients on the main aging-related disorders are reviewed herein.
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Ren Y, Su Y, Sun L, He S, Meng L, Liao D, Liu X, Ma Y, Liu C, Li S, Ruan H, Lei X, Wang X, Zhang Z. Discovery of a Highly Potent, Selective, and Metabolically Stable Inhibitor of Receptor-Interacting Protein 1 (RIP1) for the Treatment of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. J Med Chem 2017; 60:972-986. [PMID: 27992216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of its essential role in driving inflammation and disease pathology, cell necrosis has gradually been verified as a promising therapeutic target for treating atherosclerosis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and ischemia injury, among other diseases. Most necrosis inhibitors targeting receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) still require further optimization because of weak potency or poor metabolic stability. We conducted a phenotypic screen and identified a micromolar hit with novel amide structure. Medicinal chemistry efforts yielded a highly potent, selective, and metabolically stable drug candidate, compound 56 (RIPA-56). Biochemical studies and molecular docking revealed that RIP1 is the direct target of this new series of type III kinase inhibitors. In the SIRS mice disease model, 56 efficiently reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced mortality and multiorgan damage. Compared to known RIP1 inhibitors, 56 is potent in both human and murine cells, is much more stable in vivo, and is efficacious in animal model studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ren
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yaning Su
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Liming Sun
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Sudan He
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lingjun Meng
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Daohong Liao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yongfen Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Sisi Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hanying Ruan
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences , No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine , Beijing 100850, China
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Kawamoto Y, Nakajima YI, Kuranaga E. Apoptosis in Cellular Society: Communication between Apoptotic Cells and Their Neighbors. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122144. [PMID: 27999411 PMCID: PMC5187944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is one of the cell-intrinsic suicide programs and is an essential cellular behavior for animal development and homeostasis. Traditionally, apoptosis has been regarded as a cell-autonomous phenomenon. However, recent in vivo genetic studies have revealed that apoptotic cells actively influence the behaviors of surrounding cells, including engulfment, proliferation, and production of mechanical forces. Such interactions can be bidirectional, and apoptosis is non-autonomously induced in a cellular community. Of note, it is becoming evident that active communication between apoptotic cells and living cells contributes to physiological processes during tissue remodeling, regeneration, and morphogenesis. In this review, we focus on the mutual interactions between apoptotic cells and their neighbors in cellular society and discuss issues relevant to future studies of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Kawamoto
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Yu-Ichiro Nakajima
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Erina Kuranaga
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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44
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Chhabra A, Mukherji B, Batra D. Activation induced cell death (AICD) of human melanoma antigen-specific TCR engineered CD8 T cells involves JNK, Bim and p53. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 21:117-129. [PMID: 27935327 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1270941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adoptive cancer immunotherapy (ACT) with transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) engineered (TCReng) anti-tumor T cells has produced encouraging results, however, efficacy of these approaches need improvement. Since premature activation induced cell death (AICD) of adoptively administered T cells could be a major impediment, we examined the mechanism(s) underlying AICD in TCReng CD8+ cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). METHODS AICD in human tumor antigen-specific MHC class I restricted TCR engineered CD8+ CTL was induced by exposing them to cognate peptide epitope. RESULTS We show that TCReng CD8+ human primary CTL undergo AICD even upon encountering their cognate peptide epitope for the very first time. AICD in TCReng CTL is a death-receptor-independent, JNK activation-driven intrinsic processes, in which p53-mediated mitochondria-centric, non-transcription-dependent pathway plays an essential role. Activated JNK modulates mitochondrial membrane integrity in CTL undergoing AICD by directly interacting with Bcl family protein, Bim, and the mitochondrial membrane pore complex, voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC), leading to the release of caspase-independent death executioner, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), accumulation of single strand DNA breaks and eventually to cell death. CONCLUSIONS Our findings offer opportunities to interfere with AICD in TCReng CD8+ anti-tumor CTL for sustaining them longer for producing better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Chhabra
- a Department of Medicine , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , CT , USA
| | - Bijay Mukherji
- a Department of Medicine , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , CT , USA
| | - Deepika Batra
- a Department of Medicine , University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington , CT , USA
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45
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Zhang B, Liu SQ, Li C, Lykken E, Jiang S, Wong E, Gong Z, Tao Z, Zhu B, Wan Y, Li QJ. MicroRNA-23a Curbs Necrosis during Early T Cell Activation by Enforcing Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Equilibrium. Immunity 2016; 44:568-581. [PMID: 26921109 PMCID: PMC4794397 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Upon antigen engagement, augmented cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) are needed to achieve optimal T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. However, uncontrolled ROS production is a prominent cause of necrosis, which elicits hyper-inflammation and tissue damage. Hence, it is critical to program activated T cells to achieve ROS equilibrium. Here, we determined that miR-23a is indispensable for effector CD4(+) T cell expansion, particularly by providing early protection from excessive necrosis. Mechanistically, miR-23a targeted PPIF, gatekeeper of the mitochondria permeability transition pore, thereby restricting ROS flux and maintaining mitochondrial integrity. Upon acute Listeria monocytogenes infection, deleting miR-23a in T cells resulted in excessive inflammation, massive liver damage, and a marked mortality increase, which highlights the essential role of miR-23a in maintaining immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Si-Qi Liu
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Chaoran Li
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Erik Lykken
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wong
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Zhihua Gong
- Institute of Cancer; Xinqiao Hospital; 400037; China
| | - Zhongfen Tao
- Biomedical Analysis Center; The Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; 400037; China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer; Xinqiao Hospital; 400037; China
| | - Ying Wan
- Biomedical Analysis Center; The Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; 400037; China
| | - Qi-Jing Li
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
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Apoptosis induction is involved in UVA-induced autolysis in sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 158:130-5. [PMID: 26971278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Autolysis easily happens to sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus, S. japonicus) for external stimulus like UV exposure causing heavy economic losses. Therefore, it is meaningful to reveal the mechanism of S. japonicas autolysis. In the present study, to examine the involvement of apoptosis induction in UVA-induced autolysis of S. japonicas, we investigated the biochemical events including the DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activation, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) phosphorylation and free radical formation. Substantial morphological changes such as intestine vomiting and dermatolysis were observed in S. japonicus during the incubation after 1-h UVA irradiation (10W/m(2)). The degradation of the structural proteins and enhancement of cathepsin L activity were also detected, suggesting the profound impact of proteolysis caused by the UVA irradiation even for 1h. Furthermore, the DNA fragmentation and specific activity of caspase-3 was increased up to 12h after UVA irradiation. The levels of phosphorylated p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphorylated c-Jun.-N-terminal kinase (JNK) were significantly increased by the UVA irradiation for 1h. An electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis revealed that UVA enhanced the free radical formation in S. japonicas, even through we could not identify the attributed species. These results suggest that UVA-induced autolysis in S. japonicas at least partially involves the oxidative stress-sensitive apoptosis induction pathway. These data present a novel insight into the mechanisms of sea cucumber autolysis induced by external stress.
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48
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Mohammad RM, Muqbil I, Lowe L, Yedjou C, Hsu HY, Lin LT, Siegelin MD, Fimognari C, Kumar NB, Dou QP, Yang H, Samadi AK, Russo GL, Spagnuolo C, Ray SK, Chakrabarti M, Morre JD, Coley HM, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Helferich WG, Yang X, Boosani CS, Guha G, Bhakta D, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Keith WN, Bilsland A, Halicka D, Nowsheen S, Azmi AS. Broad targeting of resistance to apoptosis in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S78-S103. [PMID: 25936818 PMCID: PMC4720504 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis or programmed cell death is natural way of removing aged cells from the body. Most of the anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction and related cell death networks to eliminate malignant cells. However, in cancer, de-regulated apoptotic signaling, particularly the activation of an anti-apoptotic systems, allows cancer cells to escape this program leading to uncontrolled proliferation resulting in tumor survival, therapeutic resistance and recurrence of cancer. This resistance is a complicated phenomenon that emanates from the interactions of various molecules and signaling pathways. In this comprehensive review we discuss the various factors contributing to apoptosis resistance in cancers. The key resistance targets that are discussed include (1) Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins; (2) autophagy processes; (3) necrosis and necroptosis; (4) heat shock protein signaling; (5) the proteasome pathway; (6) epigenetic mechanisms; and (7) aberrant nuclear export signaling. The shortcomings of current therapeutic modalities are highlighted and a broad spectrum strategy using approaches including (a) gossypol; (b) epigallocatechin-3-gallate; (c) UMI-77 (d) triptolide and (e) selinexor that can be used to overcome cell death resistance is presented. This review provides a roadmap for the design of successful anti-cancer strategies that overcome resistance to apoptosis for better therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Interim translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Clement Yedjou
- C-SET, [Jackson, #229] State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Nagi B Kumar
- Moffit Cancer Center, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit MI, United States
| | - Huanjie Yang
- The School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | | | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mrinmay Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - James D Morre
- Mor-NuCo, Inc, Purdue Research Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Helen M Coley
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates
| | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine Creighton University, Omaha NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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49
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Dong T, Liao D, Liu X, Lei X. Using Small Molecules to Dissect Non-apoptotic Programmed Cell Death: Necroptosis, Ferroptosis, and Pyroptosis. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2557-61. [PMID: 26388514 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Genetically programmed cell death is a universal and fundamental cellular process in multicellular organisms. Apoptosis and necroptosis, two common forms of programmed cell death, play vital roles in maintenance of homeostasis in metazoans. Dysfunction of the regulatory machinery of these processes can lead to carcinogenesis or autoimmune diseases. Inappropriate death of essential cells can lead to organ dysfunction or even death; ischemia-reperfusion injury and neurodegenerative disorders are examples of this. Recently, novel forms of non-apoptotic programmed cell death have been identified. Although these forms of cell death play significant roles in both physiological and pathological conditions, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying them are still poorly understood. Here, we discuss progress in using small molecules to dissect three forms of non-apoptotic programmed cell death: necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center and, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 202 Cheng Fu Road, Beijing, 100871, China.,National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), No 7 Life Science Road, Zhong Guan Cun Life Science Park, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Daohong Liao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center and, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 202 Cheng Fu Road, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center and, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 202 Cheng Fu Road, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center and, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, 202 Cheng Fu Road, Beijing, 100871, China. .,National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), No 7 Life Science Road, Zhong Guan Cun Life Science Park, Beijing, 102206, China.
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50
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Jia L, Dong R, Zhang F, Wang W, Lu H, Luo Y, Xue Q, Yu B. Propofol Provides More Effective Protection for Circulating Lymphocytes Than Sevoflurane in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2015. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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