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Khatun MM, Bhuia MS, Chowdhury R, Sheikh S, Ajmee A, Mollah F, Al Hasan MS, Coutinho HDM, Islam MT. Potential utilization of ferulic acid and its derivatives in the management of metabolic diseases and disorders: An insight into mechanisms. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111291. [PMID: 38986730 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are abnormal conditions that impair the normal metabolic process, which involves converting food into energy at a cellular level, and cause difficulties like obesity and diabetes. The study aimed to investigate how ferulic acid (FA) and its derivatives could prevent different metabolic diseases and disorders and to understand the specific molecular mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic effects. Information regarding FA associations with metabolic diseases and disorders was compiled from different scientific search engines, including Science Direct, Wiley Online, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. This review revealed that FA exerts protective effects against metabolic diseases such as diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, obesity, and diabetic hypertension, with beneficial effects on pancreatic cancer. Findings also indicated that FA improves insulin secretion by increasing Ca2+ influx through the L-type Ca2+ channel, thus aiding in diabetes management. Furthermore, FA regulates the activity of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-1β) and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px) and reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, which are common features of metabolic diseases. FA also affects various signaling pathways, including the MAPK/NF-κB pathways, which play an important role in the progression of diabetic neuropathy and other metabolic disorders. Additionally, FA regulates apoptosis markers (Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3) and exerts its protective effects on cellular destruction. In conclusion, FA and its derivatives may act as potential medications for the management of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Muslima Khatun
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salehin Sheikh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afiya Ajmee
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Faysal Mollah
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sakib Al Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE 63105-000, Brazil.
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh.
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2
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Zhang Z, Yu Z, Liang D, Song K, Kong X, He M, Liao X, Huang Z, Kang A, Bai R, Ren Y. Roles of lipid droplets and related proteins in metabolic diseases. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:218. [PMID: 39030618 PMCID: PMC11264848 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs), which are active organelles, derive from the monolayer membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum and encapsulate neutral lipids internally. LD-associated proteins like RAB, those in the PLIN family, and those in the CIDE family participate in LD formation and development, and they are active players in various diseases, organelles, and metabolic processes (i.e., obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and autophagy). Our synthesis on existing research includes insights from the formation of LDs to their mechanisms of action, to provide an overview needed for advancing research into metabolic diseases and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Zhenghang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Dianyuan Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Xiangxin Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China
| | - Xinxin Liao
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Ziyan Huang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Aijia Kang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Rubing Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China.
| | - Yixing Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China.
- General Surgery, Chengdu XinHua Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, 610000, China.
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Russell D, Pisu D, Mattila J, Johnston L. CD38+ Alveolar macrophages mediate early control of M. tuberculosis proliferation in the lung. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3934768. [PMID: 39070650 PMCID: PMC11275981 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3934768/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis, caused by M.tuberculosis (Mtb), remains an enduring global health challenge, especially given the limited efficacy of current therapeutic interventions. Much of existing research has focused on immune failure as a driver of tuberculosis. However, the crucial role of host macrophage biology in controlling the disease remains underappreciated. While we have gained deeper insights into how alveolar macrophages (AMs) interact with Mtb, the precise AM subsets that mediate protection and potentially prevent tuberculosis progression have yet to be identified. In this study, we employed multi-modal scRNA-seq analyses to evaluate the functional roles of diverse macrophage subpopulations across different infection timepoints, allowing us to delineate the dynamic landscape of controller and permissive AM populations during the course of infection. Our analyses at specific time-intervals post-Mtb challenge revealed macrophage populations transitioning between distinct anti- and pro-inflammatory states. Notably, early in Mtb infection, CD38- AMs showed a muted response. As infection progressed, we observed a phenotypic shift in AMs, with CD38+ monocyte-derived AMs (moAMs) and a subset of tissue-resident AMs (TR-AMs) emerging as significant controllers of bacterial growth. Furthermore, scATAC-seq analysis of naïve lungs demonstrated that CD38+ TR-AMs possessed a distinct chromatin signature prior to infection, indicative of epigenetic priming and predisposition to a pro-inflammatory response. BCG intranasal immunization increased the numbers of CD38+ macrophages, substantially enhancing their capability to restrict Mtb growth. Collectively, our findings emphasize the pivotal, dynamic roles of different macrophage subsets in TB infection and reveal rational pathways for the development of improved vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Zhou R, Liu Y, Hu W, Yang J, Lin B, Zhang Z, Chen M, Yi J, Zhu C. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide ameliorates the accumulation of lipid droplets in adipose tissue via an ATF6/SIRT1-dependent mechanism. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:844-856. [PMID: 38606478 PMCID: PMC11214951 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic organelles that store neutral lipids and are closely linked to obesity. Previous studies have suggested that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) supplements can ameliorate obesity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we hypothesize that LBP alleviates LD accumulation in adipose tissue (AT) by inhibiting fat-specific protein 27 (Fsp27) through an activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6)/small-molecule sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-dependent mechanism. LD accumulation in AT is induced in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (PAs) is induced. The ability of LBP to alleviate LD accumulation and the possible underlying mechanism are then investigated both in vivo and in vitro. The influences of LBP on the expressions of LD-associated genes ( ATF6 and Fsp27) are also detected. The results show that HFD and PA differentiation markedly increase LD accumulation in ATs and adipocytes, respectively, and these effects are markedly suppressed by LBP supplementation. Furthermore, LBP significantly activates SIRT1 and decreases ATF6 and Fsp27 expressions. Interestingly, the inhibitory effects of LBP are either abolished or exacerbated when ATF6 is overexpressed or silenced, respectively. Furthermore, SIRT1 level is transcriptionally regulated by LBP through opposite actions mediated by ATF6. Collectively, our findings suggest that LBP supplementation alleviates obesity by ameliorating LD accumulation, which might be partially mediated by an ATF6/SIRT1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Yajing Liu
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Weiqian Hu
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Jing Yang
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Bing Lin
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Zhentian Zhang
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Mingyan Chen
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Jingwen Yi
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Cuifeng Zhu
- />Department of Clinical NutritionShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000China
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5
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Chandrasekaran P, Weiskirchen S, Weiskirchen R. Perilipins: A family of five fat-droplet storing proteins that play a significant role in fat homeostasis. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30579. [PMID: 38747370 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Lipid droplets are organelles with unique spherical structures. They consist of a hydrophobic neutral lipid core that varies depending on the cell type and tissue. These droplets are surrounded by phospholipid monolayers, along with heterogeneous proteins responsible for neutral lipid synthesis and metabolism. Additionally, there are specialized lipid droplet-associated surface proteins. Recent evidence suggests that proteins from the perilipin family (PLIN) are associated with the surface of lipid droplets and are involved in their formation. These proteins have specific roles in hepatic lipid droplet metabolism, such as protecting the lipid droplets from lipase action and maintaining a balance between lipid storage and utilization in specific cells. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by the accumulation of lipid droplets in more than 5% of the hepatocytes. This accumulation can progress into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The accumulation of hepatic lipid droplets in the liver is associated with the progression of MASLD and other diseases such as sarcopenic obesity. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the role of perilipins in this accumulation, as these proteins are key targets for developing novel therapeutic strategies. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the structure and characteristics of PLIN proteins, as well as their pathogenic role in the development of hepatic steatosis and fatty liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH), University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH), University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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6
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Zhu S, Dai L, Zhong X, Lin W. A highly selective probe engineered to detect polarity and distinguish normal cells and tumor cells in tissue sections. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2850-2856. [PMID: 38644726 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00438h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Early diagnostics and therapies for diseases such as cancer are limited by the fact that the inducing factors for the development of cytopathies are not clear. The stable polarity of lipid droplets is a potential biomarker for tumor cells; however, the complex intracellular biological environment poses great difficulties for specific detection of the polarity. Therefore, to meet this pressing challenge, we designed a highly selective fluorescent probe, DCI-Cou-polar, which used the ICT mechanism to differentiate normal cells and tumor cells in tissue sections by detecting changes in the polarities of intracellular lipid droplets. The introduction of a cyclic amine at the 7-position of coumarin (benzoquinolizine coumarin) reduced its ability to donate electrons compared with the diethylamino group, which increased the probe selectivity while retaining the sensitivity to polarity. With NIR emission and large Stokes shifts, DCI-Cou-polar has high sensitivity to polarity, excellent photostability, and biocompatibility, and it tracks lipid droplets with high fidelity. Therefore, we believe that this polarity-sensitive probe provides information on the connection between the polarity of lipid droplets and tumors while improving the development of highly selective polarity probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Zhu
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Lixuan Dai
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhong
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China.
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7
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Xu L, Li L, Wu L, Li P, Chen FJ. CIDE proteins and their regulatory mechanisms in lipid droplet fusion and growth. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1154-1169. [PMID: 38355218 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) proteins, including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec/Fsp27, regulate various aspects of lipid homeostasis, including lipid storage, lipolysis, and lipid secretion. This review focuses on the physiological roles of CIDE proteins based on studies on knockout mouse models and human patients bearing CIDE mutations. The primary cellular function of CIDE proteins is to localize to lipid droplets (LDs) and to control LD fusion and growth across different cell types. We propose a four-step process of LD fusion, characterized by (a) the recruitment of CIDE proteins to the LD surface and CIDE movement, (b) the enrichment and condensate formation of CIDE proteins to form LD fusion plates at LD-LD contact sites, (c) lipid transfer through lipid-permeable passageways within the fusion plates, and (d) the completion of LD fusion. Lastly, we outline CIDE-interacting proteins as regulatory factors, as well as their contribution in LD fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Wu
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xu F, Ziebarth JD, Goeminne LJ, Gao J, Williams EG, Quarles LD, Makowski L, Cui Y, Williams RW, Auwerx J, Lu L. Gene network based analysis identifies a coexpression module involved in regulating plasma lipids with high-fat diet response. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 119:109398. [PMID: 37302664 PMCID: PMC10896179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plasma lipids are modulated by gene variants and many environmental factors, including diet-associated weight gain. However, understanding how these factors jointly interact to influence molecular networks that regulate plasma lipid levels is limited. Here, we took advantage of the BXD recombinant inbred family of mice to query weight gain as an environmental stressor on plasma lipids. Coexpression networks were examined in both nonobese and obese livers, and a network was identified that specifically responded to the obesogenic diet. This obesity-associated module was significantly associated with plasma lipid levels and enriched with genes known to have functions related to inflammation and lipid homeostasis. We identified key drivers of the module, including Cidec, Cidea, Pparg, Cd36, and Apoa4. The Pparg emerged as a potential master regulator of the module as it can directly target 19 of the top 30 hub genes. Importantly, activation of this module is causally linked to lipid metabolism in humans, as illustrated by correlation analysis and inverse-variance weighed Mendelian randomization. Our findings provide novel insights into gene-by-environment interactions for plasma lipid metabolism that may ultimately contribute to new biomarkers, better diagnostics, and improved approaches to prevent or treat dyslipidemia in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China; Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jesse D Ziebarth
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ludger Je Goeminne
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Evan G Williams
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Leigh D Quarles
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Liza Makowski
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
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Kitamura N, Zhang S, Morel JD, Nagano U, Taworntawat T, Hosoda S, Nakamura A, Ogawa Y, Benegiamo G, Auwerx J, Tsubota K, Yokoyama Y, Watanabe M. Sodium ferrous citrate and 5-aminolevulinic acid improve type 2 diabetes by maintaining muscle and mitochondrial health. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1038-1049. [PMID: 36823345 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Improving mitochondrial function is a promising strategy for intervention in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the preventive effects of sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) and 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate (ALA) on several metabolic dysfunctions associated with obesity because they have been shown to alleviate abnormal glucose metabolism in humans. METHODS Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a normal diet, a high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet supplemented with SFC and ALA for 15 weeks. RESULTS The simultaneous supplementation of SFC + ALA to high-fat diet-fed mice prevented loss of muscle mass, improved muscle strength, and reduced obesity and insulin resistance. SFC + ALA prevented abnormalities in mitochondrial morphology and reverted the diet effect on the skeletal muscle transcriptome, including the expression of glucose uptake and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation-related genes. In addition, SFC + ALA prevented the decline in mitochondrial DNA copy number by enhancing mitochondrial DNA maintenance and antioxidant transcription activity, both of which are impaired in high-fat diet-fed mice during long-term fasting. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that SFC + ALA supplementation exerts its preventive effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus via improved skeletal muscle and mitochondrial health, further validating its application as a promising strategy for the prevention of obesity-induced metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naho Kitamura
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jean-David Morel
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Utana Nagano
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tanon Taworntawat
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shotaro Hosoda
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Anna Nakamura
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Ogawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Giorgia Benegiamo
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
- Tsubota Laboratory, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Yokoyama
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Watanabe
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health Science Laboratory, Keio Research Institute at SFC, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Chen TT, Lin Y, Zhang S, Liu S, Song L, Zhong W, Luo ZQ, Han A. Atypical Legionella GTPase effector hijacks host vesicular transport factor p115 to regulate host lipid droplet. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd7945. [PMID: 36525490 PMCID: PMC9757750 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add7945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila uses hundreds of effector proteins to manipulate multiple processes of the host cells to establish a replicative niche known as Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV). Biogenesis of the LCV has been known to depend on host small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), but whether bacterial effector GTPases are also involved remains unknown. Here, we show that an ankyrin repeat containing effector LegA15 localizes directly in host lipid droplets (LDs), leading to Golgi apparatus fragmentation of the host cells by hijacking the host vesicular transport factor p115. LegA15 is a GTPase with a unique catalytic mechanism, unlike any eukaryotic small GTPases. Moreover, the effector LegA15 co-opts p115 to modulate homeostasis of the host LDs in its GTPase-dependent manner. Together, our data reveal that an atypical GTPase effector regulates the host LDs through impeding the vesicle secretion system of the host cells for intracellular life cycle of Legionella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- The Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanling Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shuxin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Center of Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Center of Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenhong Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Qing Luo
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Aidong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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Mak KM, Wu C, Cheng CP. Lipid droplets, the Holy Grail of hepatic stellate cells: In health and hepatic fibrosis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 306:983-1010. [PMID: 36516055 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are distinct morphological markers of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). They are composed of a core of predominantly retinyl esters and triacylglycerols surrounded by a phospholipid layer; the latter harbors perilipins 2, 3, and 5, which help control LD lipolysis. Electron microscopy distinguishes between Types I and II LDs. Type I LDs are surrounded by acid phosphatase-positive lysosomes, which likely digest LDs. LD count and retinoid concentration are modulated by vitamin A intake. Alcohol consumption depletes hepatic retinoids and HSC LDs, with concomitant transformation of HSCs to fibrogenic myofibroblast-like cells. LD loss and accompanying HSC activation occur in HSC cell culture models. Loss of LDs is a consequence of and not a prerequisite for HSC activation. LDs are endowed with enzymes for synthesizing retinyl esters and triacylglycerols as well as neutral lipases and lysosomal acid lipase for breaking down LDs. HSCs have two distinct metabolic LD pools: an "original" pool in quiescent HSCs and a "new" pool emerging in HSC activation; this two-pool model provides a platform for analyzing LD dynamics in HSC activation. Besides lipolysis, LDs are degraded by lipophagy; however, the coordination between and relative contributions of these two pathways to LD removal are unclear. While induction of autophagy accelerates LD loss in quiescent HSCs and promotes HSC activation, blocking autophagy impairs LD degradation and inhibits HSC activation and fibrosis. This article is a critique of five decades of investigations into the morphology, molecular structure, synthesis, and degradation of LDs associated with HSC activation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki M Mak
- Department of Medical Education and Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Catherine Wu
- Department of Medical Education and Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher P Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Yang L, Jia X, Fang D, Cheng Y, Zhai Z, Deng W, Du B, Lu T, Wang L, Yang C, Gao Y. Metformin Inhibits Lipid Droplets Fusion and Growth via Reduction in Cidec and Its Regulatory Factors in Rat Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115986. [PMID: 35682666 PMCID: PMC9181043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is still being investigated due to its potential use as a therapeutic agent for managing overweight or obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Inhibiting the adipogenesis of adipocyte precursors may be a new therapeutic opportunity for obesity treatments. It is still not fully elucidated whether adipogenesis is also involved in the weight loss mechanisms by metformin. We therefore used adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from inguinal and epididymal fat pads to investigate the effects and mechanisms of metformin on adipogenesis in vitro. Our results demonstrate the similar effect of metformin inhibition on lipid accumulation, lipid droplets fusion, and growth in adipose-derived stem cells from epididymal fat pads (Epi-ADSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells from inguinal fat pads (Ing-ADSCs) cultures. We identified that cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector c (Cidec), Perilipin1, and ras-related protein 8a (Rab8a) expression increased ADSCs differentiation. In addition, we found that metformin inhibits lipid droplets fusion and growth by decreasing the expression of Cidec, Perilipin1, and Rab8a. Activation of AMPK pathway signaling in part involves metformin inhibition on Cidec, Perilipin1, and Rab8a expression. Collectively, our study reveals that metformin inhibits lipid storage, fusion, and growth of lipid droplets via reduction in Cidec and its regulatory factors in ADSCs cultures. Our study supports the development of clinical trials on metformin-based therapy for patients with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
| | - Xiaowei Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Dongliang Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Zhaoyi Zhai
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
| | - Wenyang Deng
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
| | - Baopu Du
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Department of Experimental Center for Basic Medical Teaching, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence: (C.Y.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; (L.Y.); (X.J.); (D.F.); (Z.Z.); (W.D.); (B.D.); (T.L.); (L.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Department of Experimental Center for Basic Medical Teaching, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence: (C.Y.); (Y.G.)
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13
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Wang T, Jin MJ, Li LK. The GTP-Bound form of Rab3D Promotes Lipid Droplet Growth in Adipocyte. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322040148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Ping Z, Guo Z, Lu M, Chen Y, Liu L. Association of CIDEB gene promoter methylation with overweight or obesity in adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3607-3616. [PMID: 35475772 PMCID: PMC9085220 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association of the methylation level of cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector B (CIDEB) gene promoter with overweight or obesity in the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and omental adipose tissue (OAT) of adults. Methods: A total of 61 patients undergoing abdominal surgery in the hospital were selected with an average age of 51.87 years. According to the diagnostic criteria of Chinese adult obesity, the subjects were divided into normal-weight group (n = 28) and overweight/obesity group (n = 33). CIDEB promoter methylation level in abdominal SAT and OAT was detected by the MethylTarget technology, then its relationship with overweight or obesity was analyzed. Results: (1) There were no statistical differences between the normal-weight group and overweight/obesity group in Methylation levels of 16 CpG sites in the CIDEB gene promoter sequence. (2) The methylation level of OAT was higher than that of SAT, and there were significant differences in 16 CpG sites. (3) There were 3 statistically significant haplotypes between the normal-weight group and overweight/obesity group (2 in SAT and 1 in OAT). Conclusions: The methylation level of CIDEB gene promoter in abdominal SAT and OAT may be related to overweight or obesity in adults, and the specific regulatory mechanism needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ping
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhaoyan Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Nursing Department of Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan, China
| | - Yanzi Chen
- Henan Huapu Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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15
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BAP60 plays an opposite role to the MRT-NURF complex in regulating lipid droplet size. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:377-379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lipid droplets associated perilipins protein insights into finding a therapeutic target approach to cure non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common form of chronic liver disease in the world, and it’s linked to a slew of other risk factors including diabetes, obesity, dysbiosis and inflammatory bowel disease. More than 30 years ago, a patient was diagnosed with fatty liver with excessive fat accumulation in hepatocytes, a disorder known as hepatosteatosis. There will be no promising therapeutic medicines available from 1980 to 2021 which can reverse the fatty liver to normal liver state. In this review, we highlighted on lipid droplet associated protein which play a major role in accumulation of fat in liver cells and how these cellular pathway could be a promising therapeutic approach to treat the fatty liver disease.
Main body
Over the last few decades, Western countries follow a high-fat diet and change their lifestyle pattern due to certain metabolic disorders prevalence rate is very high all over the world. NAFLD is a major health issue and burden globally nowadays. Researchers are trying to find out the potential therapeutic target to combat the disease. The exact pathophysiology of the disease is still unclear. In the present decades. There is no Food and Drug Administration approved drugs are available to reverse the chronic condition of the disease. Based on literature survey, lipid droplets and their associated protein like perilipins play an eminent role in body fat regulation. In this review, we explain all types of perilipins such as perilipin1-5 (PLIN1-5) and their role in the pathogenesis of fatty liver which will be helpful to find the novel pharmacological target to treat the fatty liver.
Conclusion
In this review, majorly focussed on how fat is get deposited into hepatocytes follow the cellular signalling involved during lipid droplet biogenesis and leads to NAFLD. However, up to date still there mechanism of action is unclear. In this review, we hypothesized that lipid droplets associated proteins like perilipins could be better pharmacological target to reverse the chronic stage of fatty liver disease and how these lipid droplets associated proteins hide a clue to maintain the normal lipid homeostasis in the human body.
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Tarabra E, Nouws J, Vash-Margita A, Hellerstein M, Shabanova V, McCollum S, Pierpont† B, Zhao D, Shulman GI, Caprio S. CIDEA expression in SAT from adolescent girls with obesity and unfavorable patterns of abdominal fat distribution. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:2068-2080. [PMID: 34672413 PMCID: PMC8612981 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether variations in cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha subunit-like effector A (CIDEA) mRNA expression and protein levels are modulated by the pattern of abdominal fat distribution in adolescent girls with obesity. METHODS This study recruited 35 adolescent girls with obesity and characterized their abdominal fat distribution by magnetic resonance imaging. Participants had only a periumbilical/abdominal (n = 14) or a paired abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsy (n = 21). CIDEA expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, CIDEA protein level by Western blot, and the turnover of adipose lipids and adipocytes by 2 H2 O labeling. In six girls, a second abdominal SAT biopsy was performed (after ~34.2 months) to explore the weight gain effect on CIDEA expression in abdominal SAT. RESULTS CIDEA expression decreased in abdominal SAT from participants with high visceral adipose tissue (VAT)/(VAT+SAT); CIDEA inversely correlated with number of small adipocytes, with the increase in preadipocyte proliferation, and with adipogenesis. A strong inverse correlation was found between CIDEA protein level with the newly synthetized glycerol (r = -0.839, p = 0.0047). Following weight gain, an increase in adipocytes' cell diameter with a decrease in CIDEA expression and RNA-sequencing transcriptomic profile typical of adipocyte dysfunction was observed. CONCLUSIONS Reduced expression of CIDEA in girls with high VAT/(VAT+SAT) is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tarabra
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jessica Nouws
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alla Vash-Margita
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc Hellerstein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Veronika Shabanova
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sarah McCollum
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bridget Pierpont†
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dejian Zhao
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sonia Caprio
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Ilias N, Hamzah H, Ismail IS, Mohidin TBM, Idris MF, Ajat M. An insight on the future therapeutic application potential of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112207. [PMID: 34563950 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a native plant to Paraguay. The extracts have been used as a famous sweetening agent, and the bioactive components derived from stevia possess a broad spectrum of therapeutical potential for various illnesses. Among its medicinal benefits are anti-hypertensive, anti-tumorigenic, anti-diabetic, and anti-hyperlipidemia. Statins (3-hydro-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor) are a class of drugs used to treat atherosclerosis. Statins are explicitly targeting the HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme in the rate-limiting step of cholesterol biosynthesis. Despite being widely used in regulating plasma cholesterol levels, the adverse effects of the drug are a significant concern among clinicians and patients. Hence, steviol glycosides derived from stevia have been proposed as an alternative in replacing statins. Diterpene glycosides from stevia, such as stevioside and rebaudioside A have been evaluated for their efficacy in alleviating cholesterol levels. These glycosides are a potential candidate in treating and preventing atherosclerosis provoked by circulating lipid retention in the sub-endothelial lining of the artery. The present review is an effort to integrate the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, involvement of lipid droplets biogenesis and its associated proteins in atherogenesis, current approaches to treat atherosclerosis, and pharmacological potential of stevia in treating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazhan Ilias
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
| | - Hazilawati Hamzah
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia; Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
| | - Taznim Begam Mohd Mohidin
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Faiz Idris
- Pusat Bahasa dan Pengajian Umum, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Malaysia
| | - Mokrish Ajat
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia; Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
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Sobha SP, Ebenezar K. Susceptibility of Glutathione--S-Transferase Polymorphism to CVD Development in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:225-234. [PMID: 34496736 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210908115222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic disorder affects normal homeostasis and can lead to the development of diseases. Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder, and a cluster of metabolic conditions can lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Diabetes mellitus and CVD are closely related, with oxidative stress, playing a major role in the pathophysiology. Glutathione-S-Transferases (GST) potentially play an important role by reducing oxidative stress and is found to be the underlying pathophysiology in the development of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), etc. Objectives: In this review, the role of GST genetic variant in the development of diabetes mellitus, CVD and diabetic vascular complications has been focused. RESULTS Based on the literature, it is evident that the GST can act as an important biochemical tool providing significant evidence regarding oxidative stress predominant in the development of diseases. Analysis of GST gene status, particularly detection of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null mutations and GSTP1 polymorphism, have clinical importance. CONCLUSION The analysis of GST polymorphism may help identify the people at risk and provide proper medical management. Genotyping of GST gene would be a helpful biomarker for early diagnosis of CVD development in DM and also in CVD cases. More studies focusing on the association of GST polymorphism with CVD development in diabetic patients will help us determine the pathophysiology better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhi Priya Sobha
- Natural Medicine and Molecular Physiology Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Chengalpattu Dt., TN. India
| | - Kumar Ebenezar
- Natural Medicine and Molecular Physiology Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Chengalpattu Dt., TN. India
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20
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Xu D, Li P, Xu L. Characterization of the Role of Rab18 in Mediating LD-ER Contact and LD Growth. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2293:229-241. [PMID: 34453721 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1346-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic cellular organelles found in most eukaryotic cells. Lipid incorporation from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to LD is important in controlling LD growth and intracellular lipid homeostasis. However, the molecular link that mediates ER and LD cross talk remains elusive. Here, we describe the methodology used to characterize the function of Rab18 in regulating LD homeostasis and LD-ER contact. First, we focus on the quantitative assay used to measure intracellular LDs morphological changes. This is followed by a detailed description of the use of the APEX-label technology in combination with electron microscope (EM) to visualize ER-LD contact sites. These assays are valuable for the investigation of LD-associated proteins such as Rab18 in establishing membrane contact sites between LDs and other subcellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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21
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Bernier M, Harney D, Koay YC, Diaz A, Singh A, Wahl D, Pulpitel T, Ali A, Guiterrez V, Mitchell SJ, Kim EY, Mach J, Price NL, Aon MA, LeCouteur DG, Cogger VC, Fernandez-Hernando C, O’Sullivan J, Larance M, Cuervo AM, de Cabo R. Elucidating the mechanisms by which disulfiram protects against obesity and metabolic syndrome. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2020; 6:8. [PMID: 32714562 PMCID: PMC7374720 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-020-0046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an unmet need and urgency to find safe and effective anti-obesity interventions. Our recent study in mice fed on obesogenic diet found that treatment with the alcohol aversive drug disulfiram reduced feeding efficiency and led to a decrease in body weight and an increase in energy expenditure. The intervention with disulfiram improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and mitigated metabolic dysfunctions in various organs through poorly defined mechanisms. Here, integrated analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data from mouse and rat livers unveiled comparable signatures in response to disulfiram, revealing pathways associated with lipid and energy metabolism, redox, and detoxification. In cell culture, disulfiram was found to be a potent activator of autophagy, the malfunctioning of which has negative consequences on metabolic regulation. Thus, repurposing disulfiram may represent a potent strategy to combat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Bernier
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Dylan Harney
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2042 Australia
| | - Antonio Diaz
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461 USA
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Devin Wahl
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord, NSW 2139 Australia
| | - Tamara Pulpitel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord, NSW 2139 Australia
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Vince Guiterrez
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Sarah J. Mitchell
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
- Functional Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 305-806 Republic of Korea
| | - John Mach
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2064 Australia
| | - Nathan L. Price
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Miguel A. Aon
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - David G. LeCouteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord, NSW 2139 Australia
| | - Victoria C. Cogger
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord, NSW 2139 Australia
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - John O’Sullivan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2042 Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461 USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
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22
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Ramskov Tetzlaff CN, Svingen T, Vinggaard AM, Rosenmai AK, Taxvig C. Bisphenols B, E, F, and S and 4-cumylphenol induce lipid accumulation in mouse adipocytes similarly to bisphenol A. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:543-552. [PMID: 31820560 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) has been widely reported to exert endocrine disrupting effects, including the induction of adipogenesis in cultured preadipocytes and intact animals. Because of the potential harm to human health, BPA is being substituted by structurally related bisphenols. Whether or not such BPA analogues are safe substitutes, however, remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the potential of bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol E (BPE), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and 4-cumylphenol (4-CP) to affect lipid and hormone levels in 3 T3-L1 cells. We found that BPB, BPE, BPF, BPS, and 4-CP all affected lipid accumulation and leptin levels to the same extent and potencies as BPA. Based on these and other results, we conclude that these BPA analogues and 4-CP most likely will elicit similar effects on adipocytes as BPA. Using them to substitute BPA in products should be done with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie N Ramskov Tetzlaff
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Terje Svingen
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne M Vinggaard
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anna K Rosenmai
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Camilla Taxvig
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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23
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Herrera-Marcos LV, Sancho-Knapik S, Gabás-Rivera C, Barranquero C, Gascón S, Romanos E, Martínez-Beamonte R, Navarro MA, Surra JC, Arnal C, García-de-Jalón JA, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Tena-Sempere M, Sánchez-Ramos C, Monsalve M, Osada J. Pgc1a is responsible for the sex differences in hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β mRNA expression in hepatic steatosis of mice fed a Western diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E249-E261. [PMID: 31846369 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00199.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fat-specific protein 27 [cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation effector protein C (Cidec)/Fsp27] mRNA levels have been associated with hepatic lipid droplet extent under certain circumstances. To address its hepatic expression under different dietary conditions and in both sexes, apolipoprotein E (Apoe)-deficient mice were subjected to different experimental conditions for 11 wk to test the influence of cholesterol, Western diet, squalene, oleanolic acid, sex, and surgical castration on Cidec/Fsp27 mRNA expression. Dietary cholesterol increased hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression, an effect that was suppressed when cholesterol was combined with saturated fat as represented by Western diet feeding. Using the latter diet, neither oleanolic acid nor squalene modified its expression. Females showed lower levels of hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression than males when they were fed Western diets, a result that was translated into a lesser amount of CIDEC/FSP27 protein in lipid droplets and microsomes. This was also confirmed in low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)-deficient mice. Incubation with estradiol resulted in decreased Cidec/Fsp27β expression in AML12 cells. Whereas male surgical castration did not modify the expression, ovariectomized females did show increased levels compared with control females. Females also showed increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (Pgc1a), suppressed by ovariectomy, and the values were significantly and inversely associated with those of Cidec/Fsp27β. When Pgc1a-deficient mice were used, the sex differences in Cidec/Fsp27β expression disappeared. Therefore, hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression has a complex regulation influenced by diet and sex hormonal milieu. The mRNA sex differences are controlled by Pgc1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis V Herrera-Marcos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Sancho-Knapik
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Clara Gabás-Rivera
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Barranquero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Gascón
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Romanos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Martínez-Beamonte
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Navarro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín C Surra
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Arnal
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A García-de-Jalón
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María J Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba e Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Osada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Gao G, Sheng Y, Yang H, Chua BT, Xu L. DFCP1 associates with lipid droplets. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:1492-1504. [PMID: 31293035 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Double FYVE-containing protein 1 (DFCP1) is ubiquitously expressed, participates in intracellular membrane trafficking and labels omegasomes through specific interactions with phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P). Previous studies showed that subcellular DFCP1 proteins display multi-organelle localization, including in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus and mitochondria. However, its localization and function on lipid droplets (LDs) remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that DFCP1 localizes to the LD upon oleic acid incubation. The ER-targeted domain of DFCP1 is indispensable for its LD localization, which is further enhanced by double FYVE domains. Inhibition of PI3P binding at the FYVE domain through wortmannin treatment or double mutation at C654S and C770S have no effect on DFCP1's LD localization. These show that the mechanisms for DFCP1 targeting the omegasome and LDs are different. DFCP1 deficiency in MEF cells causes an increase in LD number and reduces LD size. Interestingly, DFCP1 interacts with GTP-bound Rab18, an LD-associated protein. Taken together, our work demonstrates the dynamic localization of DFCP1 is regulated by nutritional status in response to cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052 New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Boon Tin Chua
- The Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
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25
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Plasticity of histone modifications around Cidea and Cidec genes with secondary bile in the amelioration of developmentally-programmed hepatic steatosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17100. [PMID: 31745102 PMCID: PMC6863835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that a treatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a secondary bile acid, improved developmentally-deteriorated hepatic steatosis in an undernourishment (UN, 40% caloric restriction) in utero mouse model after a postnatal high-fat diet (HFD). We performed a microarray analysis and focused on two genes (Cidea and Cidec) because they are enhancers of lipid droplet (LD) sizes in hepatocytes and showed the greatest up-regulation in expression by UN that were completely recovered by TUDCA, concomitant with parallel changes in LD sizes. TUDCA remodeled developmentally-induced histone modifications (dimethylation of H3K4, H3K27, or H3K36), but not DNA methylation, around the Cidea and Cidec genes in UN pups only. Changes in these histone modifications may contribute to the markedly down-regulated expression of Cidea and Cidec genes in UN pups, which was observed in the alleviation of hepatic fat deposition, even under HFD. These results provide an insight into the future of precision medicine for developmentally-programmed hepatic steatosis by targeting histone modifications.
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26
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Omar M, Laknaur A, Al-Hendy A, Yang Q. Myometrial progesterone hyper-responsiveness associated with increased risk of human uterine fibroids. BMC Womens Health 2019; 19:92. [PMID: 31288815 PMCID: PMC6617862 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-019-0795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine Fibroids (UFs) growth is ovarian steroid-dependent. Previous studies have shown that estrogen and progesterone play an important role in UF development. However, the mechanism underlying progesterone induced UF pathogenesis is largely unknown. In this study, we determined the expression of progesterone receptor and compared the expression level of progesterone-regulated genes (PRGs) in human myometrial cells from normal uteri (MyoN) versus uteri with UFs (MyoF) in response to progesterone. METHODS Primary human myometrial cells were isolated from premenopausal patients with structurally normal uteri (PrMyoN). Primary human myometrial cells were also isolated from uterus with UFs (PrMyoF). Isolated tissues were excised at least 2 cm from the closest UFs lesion(s). Progesterone receptor (PR) expression was assessed using Western blot (WB). Expression levels of 15 PRGs were measured by qRT-PCR in PrMyoN and PrMyoF cells in the presence or absence of progesterone. RESULTS WB analysis revealed higher expression levels of PR in PrMyoF cells as compared to PrMyoN cells. Furthermore, we compared the expression patterns of 15 UF-related PRGs in PrMyoN and PrMyoF primary cells in response to progesterone hormone treatment. Our studies demonstrated that five PRGs including Bcl2, FOXO1A, SCGB2A2, CYP26a1 and MMP11 exhibited significant progesterone-hyper-responsiveness in human PrMyoF cells as compared to PrMyoN cells (P < 0.05). Another seven PRGs, including CIDEC, CANP6, ADHL5, ALDHA1, MT1E, KIK6, HHI showed gain in repression in response to progesterone treatment (P > 0.05). Importantly, these genes play crucial roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, tissue remodeling and tumorigenesis in the development of UFs. CONCLUSION These data support the idea that progesterone acts as contributing mechanism in the origin of UFs. Identification and analysis of these PRGs will help to further understand the role of progesterone in UF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Omar
- Division of Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, 3 El-Bahr Street, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Archana Laknaur
- Division of Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wood Street, (M/C 808), Chicago, IL 60612 USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois @ Chicago (UIC), 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wood Street, (M/C 808), Chicago, IL 60612 USA
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27
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Kristiansen MNB, Veidal SS, Christoffersen C, Jelsing J, Rigbolt KTG. Molecular Characterization of Microvesicular and Macrovesicular Steatosis Shows Widespread Differences in Metabolic Pathways. Lipids 2019; 54:109-115. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria N. B. Kristiansen
- Gubra Aps, Hørsholm Kongevej 11B 2970 Hørsholm Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Christina Christoffersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryRigshospitalet and Bispebjerg Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2200 Denmark
| | - Jacob Jelsing
- Gubra Aps, Hørsholm Kongevej 11B 2970 Hørsholm Denmark
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28
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Peng G, Huang E, Ruan J, Huang L, Liang H, Wei Q, Xie X, Zeng Q, Huang J. Effects of a high energy and low protein diet on hepatic and plasma characteristics and Cidea and Cidec mRNA expression in liver and adipose tissue of laying hens with fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. Anim Sci J 2018; 90:247-254. [PMID: 30523654 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cidea and Cidec are two members of Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-alpha-like effector family proteins, which could be involved in lipid or fat metabolism. To better understand the roles of Cidea and Cidec in fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS), 150 healthy 155-day-old Hyline Brown laying hens were randomly divided into control group (fed with basic diet) and experimental group (fed with high-energy low-protein [HELP] diet). Analysis of the liver by tissue sectioning and hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that the HELP diet induced micro-vesicular steatosis in laying hens. Subsequently, based on the liver color scores and the range of lipid accumulation observed in histological examination, we classified livers with <50% vacuolization as mild FLHS and >50% as severe FLHS. The results showed that the levels of Cidea and Cidec mRNA expression were markedly elevated in the liver and adipose tissues with FLHS and the levels of Cidea and Cidec mRNA expression in the liver with severe FLHS were significantly higher than that in the liver with mild FLHS. Thus, the present study revealed that the Cidea and Cidec genes may be involved in pathways of FLHS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Peng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Enfu Huang
- Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiming Ruan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liumei Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiping Liang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianhua Xie
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingjie Zeng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianzhen Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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29
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Wang J, Yan C, Xu C, Chua BT, Li P, Chen FJ. Polybasic RKKR motif in the linker region of lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein CIDEC inhibits LD fusion activity by interacting with acidic phospholipids. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:19330-19343. [PMID: 30361435 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles and a central site for lipid synthesis, storage, and mobilization. The size of LDs reflects the dynamic regulation of lipid metabolism in cells. Previously, we found that cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector C (CIDEC) mediates LD fusion and growth by lipid transfer through LD-LD contact sites in adipocytes and hepatocytes. The CIDE-N domains of CIDEC molecules form homodimers, whereas the CIDE-C domain plays an important role in LD targeting and enrichment. Here, using targeted protein deletions and GFP expression coupled with fluorescence microscopy, we identified a polybasic RKKR motif in the linker region that connects the CIDE-N and CIDE-C domains of CIDEC and functions as a regulatory motif for LD fusion. We found that deletion of the linker region or mutation of the RKKR motif increases the formation of supersized LDs compared with LD formation in cells with WT CIDEC. This enhanced LD fusion activity required the interaction between CIDE-N domains. Mechanistically, we found that the RKKR motif interacts with acidic phospholipids via electrostatic attraction. Loss of this motif disrupted the protein-lipid interaction, resulting in enhanced lipid droplet fusion activity and thus formation of larger LDs. In summary, we have uncovered a CIDEC domain that regulates LD fusion activity, a finding that provides insights into the inhibitory regulation of LD fusion through CIDEC-lipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Chengsong Yan
- the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, and
| | - Chenqi Xu
- the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, and
| | - Boon Tin Chua
- the Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Peng Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, .,the Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Comparative Proteome Analysis Reveals Lipid Metabolism-Related Protein Networks in Response to Rump Fat Mobilization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092556. [PMID: 30154394 PMCID: PMC6164786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Altay is a typical fat-tailed sheep breed displaying the unique ability to rapidly mobilize fat, which is vital for maintaining a normal metabolism that facilitates its survival in lengthy winter conditions. However, the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms underlying fat mobilization remain to be elucidated. In this study, the monitoring of rump fat adipocyte sizes disclosed a positive correlation between cell size and fat deposition ability. In addition, we subjected sheep to persistent starvation to imitate the conditions that trigger rump fat mobilization and screened 112 differentially expressed proteins using the isobaric peptide labeling approach. Notably, increased secretion of leptin and adiponectin activated the key fat mobilization signaling pathways under persistent starvation conditions. Furthermore, the upregulation of resistin (RETN), heat-shock protein 72 (HSP72), and complement factor D (CFD) promoted lipolysis, whereas the downregulation of cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector C (CIDEC) inhibited lipid droplet fusion, and the increase in HSP72 and apolipoprotein AI (Apo-AI) levels activated the body’s stress mechanisms. The synergistic actions of the above hormones, genes, and signaling pathways form a molecular network that functions in improving the adaptability of Altay sheep to extreme environments. Our findings provide a reference for elucidating the complex molecular mechanisms underlying rump fat mobilization.
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Dietary fat-associated osteoarthritic chondrocytes gain resistance to lipotoxicity through PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27. Bone Res 2018; 6:20. [PMID: 30002945 PMCID: PMC6033867 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-018-0020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Free fatty acids (FFAs), which are elevated with metabolic syndrome, are considered the principal offender exerting lipotoxicity. Few previous studies have reported a causal relationship between FFAs and osteoarthritis pathogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism by which FFAs exert lipotoxicity and induce osteoarthritis remains largely unknown. We here observed that oleate at the usual clinical range does not exert lipotoxicity while oleate at high pathological ranges exerted lipotoxicity through apoptosis in articular chondrocytes. By investigating the differential effect of oleate at toxic and nontoxic concentrations, we revealed that lipid droplet (LD) accumulation confers articular chondrocytes, the resistance to lipotoxicity. Using high fat diet-induced osteoarthritis models and articular chondrocytes treated with oleate alone or oleate plus palmitate, we demonstrated that articular chondrocytes gain resistance to lipotoxicity through protein kinase casein kinase 2 (PKCK2)—six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2)—and fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27)-mediated LD accumulation. We further observed that the exertion of FFAs-induced lipotoxicity was correlated with the increased concentration of cellular FFAs freed from LDs, whether FFAs are saturated or not. In conclusion, PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27-mediated sequestration of FFAs in LD rescues osteoarthritic chondrocytes. PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27 should be considered for interventions against metabolic OA. Cartilage tissue deals with the stress of exposure to free fatty acids by sequestering the toxic molecules into sub-cellular oil droplets. Young Hyun Yoo from Dong-A University College of Medicine in Busan, South Korea, and coworkers exposed rat cartilage cells to increasing levels of a fatty acid called oleate, a by-product of fat metabolism, and observed that the accumulation of oil droplets conferred resistance to oleate-induced toxicity. In these rat cells and in experiments involving mouse models of osteoarthritis fed a high-fat diet, the researchers then identified three of the protective proteins needed for cartilage tissue to properly quarantine fatty acids into oil droplets. Those proteins — and their connected regulatory networks — could now serve as drug targets for treating metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis.
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Grigoraş A, Amalinei C, Balan RA, Giuşcă SE, Avădănei ER, Lozneanu L, Căruntu ID. Adipocytes spectrum - From homeostasia to obesity and its associated pathology. Ann Anat 2018; 219:102-120. [PMID: 30049662 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Firstly identified by anatomists, the fat tissue is nowadays an area of intense research due to increased global prevalence of obesity and its associated diseases. Histologically, there are four types of fat tissue cells which are currently recognized (white, brown, beige, and perivascular adipocytes). Therefore, in this study we are reviewing the most recent data regarding the origin, structure, and molecular mechanisms involved in the development of adipocytes. White adipocytes can store triglycerides as a consequence of lipogenesis, under the regulation of growth hormone or leptin and adiponectin, and release fatty acids resulted from lipolysis, under the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system, glucocorticoids, TNF-α, insulin, and natriuretic peptides. Brown adipocytes possess a mitochondrial transmembrane protein thermogenin or UCP1 which allows heat generation. Recently, thermogenic, UCP positive adipocytes have been identified in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue and have been named beige adipocytes. The nature of these cells is still controversial, as current theories are suggesting their origin either by transdifferentiation of white adipocytes, or by differentiation from an own precursor cell. Perivascular adipocytes surround most of the arteries, exhibiting a supportive role and being involved in the maintenance of intravascular temperature. Thoracic perivascular adipocytes resemble brown adipocytes, while abdominal ones are more similar to white adipocytes and, consequently, are involved in obesity-induced inflammatory reactions. The factors involved in the regulation of adipose stem cells differentiation may represent potential pathways to inhibit or to divert adipogenesis. Several molecules, such as pro-adipogenic factors (FGF21, BMP7, BMP8b, and Cox-2), cell surface proteins or receptors (Asc-1, PAT2, P2RX5), and hypothalamic receptors (MC4R) have been identified as the most promising targets for the development of future therapies. Further investigations are necessary to complete the knowledge about adipose tissue and the development of a new generation of therapeutic tools based on molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Grigoraş
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania; Department of Histopathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Cornelia Amalinei
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania; Department of Histopathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Raluca Anca Balan
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Simona Eliza Giuşcă
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Elena Roxana Avădănei
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Ludmila Lozneanu
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Irina-Draga Căruntu
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
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Kim YA, Kim HY, Oh YJ, Kwon WY, Lee MH, Bae JY, Woo MS, Kim JM, Yoo YH. Polychlorinated biphenyl 138 exposure-mediated lipid droplet enlargement endows adipocytes with resistance to TNF-α-induced cell death. Toxicol Lett 2018; 292:55-62. [PMID: 29704545 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although epidemiological reports have shown the association between polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and obesity, the molecular mechanism of PCB-induced obesity is mostly unknown. The aim of the present study was to further dissect the significance of lipid droplet (LD) enlargement in PCB-induced obesity. For this aim, we hypothesized that PCB-induced LD enlargement endows adipocytes with resistance to cell death, inhibiting the natural loss of adipocytes. Four types of PCBs were screened, and the detailed molecular mechanism was investigated by using PCB-138. We observed that PCB-138-conferred cell death resistance to hypertrophic adipocytes with enlarged LDs. We further observed that PCB-138 prevents Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced apoptosis and necroptosis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and increases the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, including survivin, in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we demonstrated that fat-specific protein 27 (Fsp27), perilipin, and survivin endow adipocytes with resistance to TNF-α-induced cell death through sustaining enlarged LDs. Thus, the present study suggests that PCB-138-induced LD enlargement endows adipocytes with resistance to TNF-α-induced cell death and that Fsp27, perilipin, and survivin, at least in part, help adipocytes to sustain enlarged LDs, contributing to the induction of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon A Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, 51472, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Oh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Young Kwon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hwa Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yong Bae
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Woo
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea.
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Xu D, Li Y, Wu L, Li Y, Zhao D, Yu J, Huang T, Ferguson C, Parton RG, Yang H, Li P. Rab18 promotes lipid droplet (LD) growth by tethering the ER to LDs through SNARE and NRZ interactions. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:975-995. [PMID: 29367353 PMCID: PMC5839781 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201704184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid incorporation from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to lipid droplet (LD) is important in controlling LD growth and intracellular lipid homeostasis. However, the molecular link mediating ER and LD cross talk remains elusive. Here, we identified Rab18 as an important Rab guanosine triphosphatase in controlling LD growth and maturation. Rab18 deficiency resulted in a drastically reduced number of mature LDs and decreased lipid storage, and was accompanied by increased ER stress. Rab3GAP1/2, the GEF of Rab18, promoted LD growth by activating and targeting Rab18 to LDs. LD-associated Rab18 bound specifically to the ER-associated NAG-RINT1-ZW10 (NRZ) tethering complex and their associated SNAREs (Syntaxin18, Use1, BNIP1), resulting in the recruitment of ER to LD and the formation of direct ER-LD contact. Cells with defects in the NRZ/SNARE complex function showed reduced LD growth and lipid storage. Overall, our data reveal that the Rab18-NRZ-SNARE complex is critical protein machinery for tethering ER-LD and establishing ER-LD contact to promote LD growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tuozhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Charles Ferguson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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35
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SREBP1c mediates the effect of acetaldehyde on Cidea expression in Alcoholic fatty liver Mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1200. [PMID: 29352167 PMCID: PMC5775393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death inducing DNA fragmentation factor-alpha-like A (Cidea) is a member of cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) protein. The initial function of CIDE is the promotion of cell death and DNA fragmentation in mammalian cells. Cidea was recently reported to play critical roles in the development of hepatic steatosis. The purpose of present study is to determine the effect of chronic alcohol intake on Cidea expression in the livers of mice with alcoholic fatty liver disease. Cidea expression was significantly increased in the liver of alcohol-induced fatty liver mice. While, knockdown of Cidea caused lipid droplets numbers reduction. Next, we detected the activity of ALDH2 reduction and the concentration of serum acetaldehyde accumulation in our alcohol-induced fatty liver mice. Cidea expression was elevated in AML12 cells exposed to 100uM acetaldehyde. Interestingly, Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that 100 uM acetaldehyde led to the activation of Cidea reporter gene plasmid which containing SRE element. What’s more, the knockdown of SREBP1c suppressed acetaldehyde-induced Cidea expression. Overall, our findings suggest that Cidea is highly associated with alcoholic fatty liver disease and Cidea expression is specifically induced by acetaldehyde, and this up-regulation is most likely mediated by SREBP1c.
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36
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Huang JZ, Huang LM, Zeng QJ, Huang EF, Liang HP, Wei Q, Xie XH, Ruan JM. Distribution and quantitative analysis of CIDEa and CIDEc in broiler chickens: accounting for differential fat deposition between strains. Br Poult Sci 2017; 59:173-179. [PMID: 29219006 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2017.1415426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1. Differences in the expression of CIDEa and CIDEc in 20 different tissues were examined. Both CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA transcripts were predominantly but variably expressed in white adipose tissue (WAT) but were also expressed at moderate levels in the kidney and liver and at lower levels in the ovary. Interestingly, among WAT types, both CIDEa and CIDEc were expressed at the lowest levels in heart coronary WAT. 2. To better understand the roles of CIDEa and CIDEc in the fat deposition of broiler chickens, the differences in lipid droplet (LD) size and mRNA levels of CIDEa and CIDEc between lean-type and fat-type broiler chicken lines were studied. LD sizes were larger in fat-type broiler lines, and CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA levels in white adipose, kidney and liver tissues were significantly higher in fat-type broiler lines than in their lean counterparts. 3. Developmental expression patterns of CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA were analysed in different tissue types (WAT, liver and kidney) in Arbor Acres broiler chickens, and CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA expression levels increased during sequential developmental stages, achieving peak expression levels at week 6. 4. These observations suggest that the functions of CIDEa and CIDEc reflect inherent characteristics of lipid metabolism that contribute to the differences in fat deposition between strains. The results in this study contribute to a more robust understanding of the tissue distribution and expression patterns of CIDEa and CIDEc mRNA and facilitate further research concerning the molecular mechanism underlying fat deposition in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Huang
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - L M Huang
- b College of Life Sciences and Oceanography , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , P. R. China
| | - Q J Zeng
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - E F Huang
- c Department of Animal Science , Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - H P Liang
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - Q Wei
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - X H Xie
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
| | - J M Ruan
- a Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology , Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang , P. R. China
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37
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Abstract
Triglyceride molecules represent the major form of storage and transport of fatty acids within cells and in the plasma. The liver is the central organ for fatty acid metabolism. Fatty acids accrue in liver by hepatocellular uptake from the plasma and by de novo biosynthesis. Fatty acids are eliminated by oxidation within the cell or by secretion into the plasma within triglyceride-rich very low-density lipoproteins. Notwithstanding high fluxes through these pathways, under normal circumstances the liver stores only small amounts of fatty acids as triglycerides. In the setting of overnutrition and obesity, hepatic fatty acid metabolism is altered, commonly leading to the accumulation of triglycerides within hepatocytes, and to a clinical condition known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this review, we describe the current understanding of fatty acid and triglyceride metabolism in the liver and its regulation in health and disease, identifying potential directions for future research. Advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the hepatic fat accumulation are critical to the development of targeted therapies for NAFLD. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:1-22, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Alves-Bezerra
- Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - David E Cohen
- Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
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38
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Li Y, Kang H, Chu Y, Jin Y, Zhang L, Yang R, Zhang Z, Zhao S, Zhou L. Cidec differentially regulates lipid deposition and secretion through two tissue-specific isoforms. Gene 2017; 641:265-271. [PMID: 29080839 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism has important roles in animal growth, development, and reproduction. As a regulator of lipid metabolism, CIDEc promotes unilocular development of lipid droplets and stimulates intracellular lipid deposition, and has two isoforms, CIDEc-l and CIDEc-s. CIDEc-l has ten more N-terminal amino acids than CIDEc-s. However, the functions of two isoforms are largely unknown. In this study, the expression profiles of two isoforms in Bama pigs differed, with cidec-l dominant in the liver and small intestine, and cidec-s dominant in muscle and adipose tissue. Fasting and consuming a high-fat diet resulted in changes in the expression of the two isoforms that were closely related to changes in blood and muscle triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Comparison of gene expression and TG concentration suggested that CIDEc-l accelerated lipid secretion and that CIDEc-s promoted lipid deposition, implying that the two isoforms had different functions. Study In vitro confirmed that CIDEc-s stimulated lipid deposition in C2C12 muscle cells and CIDEc-l promoted lipid secretion in HepG2 liver cells. The results showed that two tissue-specific CIDEc isoforms had different roles in lipid deposition and secretion. They may be potential targets for regulation of fat content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Huifang Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yi Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yi Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Ranran Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhiwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China.
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39
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Boldrup L, Gu X, Coates PJ, Norberg-Spaak L, Fahraeus R, Laurell G, Wilms T, Nylander K. Gene expression changes in tumor free tongue tissue adjacent to tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19389-19402. [PMID: 28038473 PMCID: PMC5386692 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high frequency of loco-regional recurrences, which could be explained by changes in the field surrounding the tumor, patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck show poor survival. Here we identified a total of 554 genes as dysregulated in clinically tumor free tongue tissue in patients with tongue tumors when compared to healthy control tongue tissue. Among the top dysregulated genes when comparing control and tumor free tissue were those involved in apoptosis (CIDEC, MUC1, ZBTB16, PRNP, ECT2), immune response (IFI27) and differentiation (KRT36). Data suggest that these are important findings which can aid in earlier diagnosis of tumor development, a relapse or a novel squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, in the absence of histological signs of a tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Boldrup
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, SE - 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Xiaolian Gu
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, SE - 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Philip J Coates
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lena Norberg-Spaak
- Department of Clinical Sciences/ENT Umeå University, SE - 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Robin Fahraeus
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, SE - 901 85 Umeå, Sweden.,RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic.,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, Université Paris 7, Hôpital St. Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Göran Laurell
- Department of Clinical Sciences/ENT Umeå University, SE - 901 85 Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences/ENT, Uppsala University,752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Torben Wilms
- Department of Clinical Sciences/ENT Umeå University, SE - 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karin Nylander
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, SE - 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
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40
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Engin A. Fat Cell and Fatty Acid Turnover in Obesity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 960:135-160. [PMID: 28585198 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ratio of free fatty acid (FFA) turnover decreases significantly with the expansion of white adipose tissue. Adipose tissue and dietary saturated fatty acid levels significantly correlate with an increase in fat cell size and number. Inhibition of adipose triglyceride lipase leads to an accumulation of triglyceride, whereas inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase leads to the accumulation of diacylglycerol. The G0/G1 switch gene 2 increases lipid content in adipocytes and promotes adipocyte hypertrophy through the restriction of triglyceride turnover. Excess triacylglycerols (TAGs), sterols and sterol esters are surrounded by the phospholipid monolayer surface and form lipid droplets. Following the release of lipid droplets from endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic lipid droplets increase their volume either by local TAG synthesis or by homotypic fusion. The number and the size of lipid droplet distribution is correlated with obesity. Obesity-associated adipocyte death exhibits feature of necrosis-like programmed cell death. NOD-like receptors family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-dependent caspase-1 activation in hypertrophic adipocytes induces obese adipocyte death by pyroptosis. Actually adipocyte death may be a prerequisite for the transition from hypertrophic to hyperplastic obesity. Major transcriptional factors, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins beta and delta, play a central role in the subsequent induction of critical regulators, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, in the transcriptional control of adipogenesis in obesity.Collectively, in this chapter the concept of adipose tissue remodeling in response to adipocyte death or adipogenesis, and the complexity of lipid droplet interactions with the other cellular organelles are reviewed. Furthermore, in addition to lipid droplet growth, the functional link between the adipocyte-specific lipid droplet-associated protein and fatty acid turn-over is also debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Engin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey. .,, Mustafa Kemal Mah. 2137. Sok. 8/14, 06520, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
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41
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Yasumoto J, Kasai H, Yoshimura K, Otoguro T, Watashi K, Wakita T, Yamashita A, Tanaka T, Takeda S, Moriishi K. Hepatitis B virus prevents excessive viral production via reduction of cell death-inducing DFF45-like effectors. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1762-1773. [PMID: 28745269 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and lipid accumulation remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of HBV propagation on lipid droplet growth in HBV-infected cells and HBV-producing cell lines, HepG2.2.15 and HBV-inducible Hep38.7-Tet. The amount of intracellular triglycerides was significantly reduced in HBV-infected and HBV-producing cells compared with HBV-lacking control cells. Electron and immunofluorescent microscopic analyses showed that the average size of a single lipid droplet (LD) was significantly less in the HBV-infected and HBV-producing cells than in the HBV-lacking control cells. Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effectors (CIDEs) B and C (CIDEB and CIDEC), which are involved in LD expansion for the improvement of lipid storage, were expressed at a significantly lower level in HBV-infected or HBV-producing cells than in HBV-lacking control cells, while CIDEA was not detected in those cells regardless of HBV production. The activity of the CIDEB and CIDEC gene promoters was impaired in HBV-infected or HBV-producing cells compared to HBV-lacking control cells, while CIDEs potentiated HBV core promoter activity. The amount of HNF4α, that can promote the transcription of CIDEB was significantly lower in HBV-producing cells than in HBV-lacking control cells. Knockout of CIDEB or CIDEC significantly reduced the amount of supernatant HBV DNA, intracellular viral RNA and nucleocapsid-associated viral DNA, while the expression of CIDEB or CIDEC recovered HBV production in CIDEB- or CIDEC-knockout cells. These results suggest that HBV regulates its own viral replication via CIDEB and CIDEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yasumoto
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hirotake Kasai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshimura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Teruhime Otoguro
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Koichi Watashi
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaji Wakita
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuya Yamashita
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Tanaka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sen Takeda
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kohji Moriishi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, Japan
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Zhang C, Yang L, Ding Y, Wang Y, Lan L, Ma Q, Chi X, Wei P, Zhao Y, Steinbüchel A, Zhang H, Liu P. Bacterial lipid droplets bind to DNA via an intermediary protein that enhances survival under stress. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15979. [PMID: 28681845 PMCID: PMC5504291 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are multi-functional organelles consisting of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer, and exist in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. Here we study the functions of LDs in the oleaginous bacterium Rhodococcus jostii. We show that these LDs bind to genomic DNA through the major LD protein, MLDS, which increases survival rate of the bacterial cells under nutritional and genotoxic stress. MLDS expression is regulated by a transcriptional regulator, MLDSR, that binds to the operator and promoter of the operon encoding both proteins. LDs sequester MLDSR, controlling its availability for transcriptional regulation. Our findings support the idea that bacterial LDs can regulate nucleic acid function and facilitate bacterial survival under stress. The MLDS protein is a major component of lipid droplets (LDs) in oleaginous bacteria. Here, Zhang et al. show that LDs bind to genomic DNA via MLDS, which enhances bacterial survival under certain stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyan Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunfeng Ding
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yang Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lan Lan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qin Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiang Chi
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongfang Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institute of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 3, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Environmental Science Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pingsheng Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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43
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Su X, Liu S, Zhang X, Lam SM, Hu X, Zhou Y, Chen J, Wang Y, Wu C, Shui G, Lu M, Pei R, Chen X. Requirement of cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma in lipid droplet formation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1862:692-705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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44
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Li J, Liu G, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Li Q. Role of glycoprotein 78 and cidec in hepatic steatosis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1871-1877. [PMID: 28656280 PMCID: PMC5561988 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic glycoprotein (gp78), a membrane-anchored E3 ubiquitin ligase, has been reported to be involved in regulating lipid and energy metabolism in animals, and cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector c (cidec) has emerged as an important regulator of metabolism, which has been implicated in the process of fat differentiation. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a metabolic disorder associated with hepatic steatosis. In the present study, to investigate the role of gp78 and cidec in hepatic steatosis, an in vitro cell culture model of hepatic steatosis was established, using the AML12 mouse hepatocyte cell line to assess the protein expression of gp78. The results of Oil Red O staining, phase contrast microscopy and triglyceride content detection experiments indicated that the overexpression of gp78 induced lipid accumulation, whereas gp78-knockdown led to a reduction in lipid accumulation in the AML12 cells. The increased expression of gp78 was associated with steatosis. The expression of cidec was consistent with gp78, and the colocalization of gp78 and cidec was observed on the surface of lipid droplets using immunofluorescence analysis. Furthermore, an interaction between gp78 and cidec was detected using coimmunoprecipitation analysis, and this interaction promoted lipid accumulation. Based on these data, it was hypothesized that gp78 is a regulator of hepatic steatosis, and that it may be a putative molecular mediator in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Basic Medical College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Guocai Liu
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, The 273 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Korla, Xinjiang 84100, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Basic Medical College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Basic Medical College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yuqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Basic Medical College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Basic Medical College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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45
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Schuldiner M, Bohnert M. A different kind of love - lipid droplet contact sites. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017. [PMID: 28627434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) store lipids and hence serve as energy reservoir and as a source for building-blocks for the organelle membrane systems. LD biology therefore depends on tight communication with other organelles. The unique architecture of LDs, consisting of a neutral lipid core shielded by a phospholipid-monolayer, is however an obstacle to bulk-exchange of bilayer-bounded vesicles with other organelles. In recent years, it is emerging that contact sites, places where two organelles are positioned in close proximity allowing vesicle-independent communication, are an important way to integrate LDs into the organellar landscape. However, few LD contact sites have been studied in depth and our understanding of their structure, extent and function is only starting to emerge. Here, we highlight recent findings on the functions of LD contact sites and on the proteins involved in their formation and hypothesize about the unique characteristics of the contact sites formed by these intriguing organelles. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Recent Advances in Lipid Droplet Biology edited by Rosalind Coleman and Matthijs Hesselink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Maria Bohnert
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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46
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Qiu YQ, Yang XF, Ma XY, Xiong YX, Tian ZM, Fan QL, Wang L, Jiang ZY. CIDE gene expression in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle from obese and lean pigs. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:492-500. [PMID: 28585425 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The expression of the cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor α-like effector (CIDE) family including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec was significantly increased in mouse and human models of obesity. However, there was less information on these genes' expression in pigs. Here, we hypothesized that different fat accumulation between lean (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire gilts, DLY) and obese (Lantang) pigs was attributed to porcine CIDE-modulating lipid metabolism. Our data showed that Cidea and Cidec were expressed at a high level in adipose tissue, and at a relatively high level in skeletal muscle, whereas Cideb was mainly expressed in the liver in both breeds of pig. Lantang pigs had higher white adipose and skeletal muscle Cidea and Cidec mRNA abundance, and hepatic and muscle Cideb mRNA than DLY pigs. Lipid metabolism-related genes including sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF-4α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), fatty acid synthase (FASN), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), and DGAT2 showed a higher expression level in adipose tissue from obese pigs than in that from lean pigs. Lantang pigs exhibited higher mRNA abundance for liver SREBP-1c, HNF-4α, and PGC-1α, and higher skeletal muscle SREBP-1c, HNF-4α, PGC-1α, and DGAT2 expression, as compared with DLY pigs. However, the perlipin2 mRNA levels in adipose tissues, liver, and skeletal muscle were significantly lower in obese pigs than in their lean counterparts. Furthermore, plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose, and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels were greater in obese pigs than in lean pigs. Finally, data from correlation analysis further found that CIDE mRNA expression was positively correlated with back fat thickness (BFT), abdominal fat mass (AFM), and the levels of NEFA, TAG, and glucose in the two breeds. Collectively, these data revealed that the porcine CIDEs possibly modulated lipid metabolism and contributed to the development of fat deposition and obesity in Lantang pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Qin Qiu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xue-Fen Yang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xian-Yong Ma
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yun-Xia Xiong
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Tian
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiu-Li Fan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Li Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zong-Yong Jiang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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47
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Smoczyński M. Role of Phospholipid Flux during Milk Secretion in the Mammary Gland. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2017; 22:117-129. [PMID: 28243823 PMCID: PMC5488156 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-017-9376-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are a complex group of chemical compounds that are a significant component of the human diet and are one of the main constituents of milk. In mammals, lipids are produced in the milk-secreting cells in the form of milk fat globules. The chemical properties of these compounds necessitate developing separate processes for effective management of non-polar substances in the polar environment of the cell, not only during their biosynthesis and accumulation in the cell interior and secretion of intracytoplasmic lipid droplets outside the cell, but also during digestion in the offspring. Phospholipids play an important role in these processes. Their characteristic properties make them indispensable for the secretion of milk fat as well as other milk components. This review investigates how these processes depend on the coordinated flux and availability of phospholipids and how the relationship between the surface area (phospholipids) and volume (neutral lipids) of the cytoplasmic lipid droplets must be in biosynthetic balance. The structure formed as a result (i.e. a milk fat globule) is therefore a result of specified structural limitations inside the cell, whose overcoming enables the coordinated secretion of milk components. This structure and its composition also reflects the nutritional demands of the developing infant organism as a result of evolutionary adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Smoczyński
- Department of Dairy Science and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Str. 7, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
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48
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Shea-Donohue T, Qin B, Smith A. Parasites, nutrition, immune responses and biology of metabolic tissues. Parasite Immunol 2017; 39. [PMID: 28235148 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional immunology, immunometabolism and identification of novel immunotherapeutic targets are areas of active investigation in parasitology. There is a well-documented crosstalk among immune cells and cells in metabolically active tissues that is important for homeostasis. The numbers and function of these cells are altered by obesity leading to inflammation. A variety of helminths spend some part of their life cycle in the gastrointestinal tract and even entirely enteral nematode infections exert beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. The foundation of this review is the ability of enteric nematode infections to improve obesity-induced type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, which are significant health issues in developed areas. It considers the impact of nutrition and specific nutritional deficiencies, which are occur in both undeveloped and developed areas, on the host's ability mount a protective immune response against parasitic nematodes. There are a number of proposed mechanisms by which parasitic nematodes can impact metabolism including effects gastrointestinal hormones, altering epithelial function and changing the number and/or phenotype of immune cells in metabolic tissues. Nematodes can also exert their beneficial effects through Th2 cytokines that activate the transcription factor STAT6, which upregulates genes that regulate glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shea-Donohue
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B Qin
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - A Smith
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
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49
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Schweisgut J, Schutt C, Wüst S, Wietelmann A, Ghesquière B, Carmeliet P, Dröse S, Korach KS, Braun T, Boettger T. Sex-specific, reciprocal regulation of ERα and miR-22 controls muscle lipid metabolism in male mice. EMBO J 2017; 36:1199-1214. [PMID: 28314781 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201695988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of energy homeostasis and metabolism is achieved by integrating numerous pathways, and miRNAs are involved in this process by regulating expression of multiple target genes. However, relatively little is known about the posttranscriptional processing of miRNAs and a potential role for the precursors they derive from. Here, we demonstrate that mature miRNA-22 is more abundant in muscle from male mice relative to females and that this enables sex-specific regulation of muscular lipid metabolism and body weight by repressing estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression. We found that the ERα adjusts its own activity by preventing processing of miR-22 via direct binding to a conserved ERα-binding element within the primary miR-22 precursor. Mutation of the ERα binding site within the pri-miR-22 in vivo eliminates sex-specific differences in miR-22 expression. We reason that the resulting tissue selective negative feedback regulation is essential to establish sex-specific differences in muscle metabolism and body weight development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schweisgut
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schutt
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stas Wüst
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Astrid Wietelmann
- MRI Service Group, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB-KULeuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Dröse
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive-Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Boettger
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
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50
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The size matters: regulation of lipid storage by lipid droplet dynamics. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 60:46-56. [PMID: 27981432 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adequate energy storage is essential for sustaining healthy life. Lipid droplet (LD) is the subcellular organelle that stores energy in the form of neutral lipids and releases fatty acids under energy deficient conditions. Energy storage capacity of LDs is primarily dependent on the sizes of LDs. Enlargement and growth of LDs is controlled by two molecular pathways: neutral lipid synthesis and atypical LD fusion. Shrinkage of LDs is mediated by the degradation of neutral lipids under energy demanding conditions and is controlled by neutral cytosolic lipases and lysosomal acidic lipases. In this review, we summarize recent progress regarding the regulatory pathways and molecular mechanisms that control the sizes and the energy storage capacity of LDs.
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