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Galliano I, Montanari P, Monti G, Dini M, Calvi C, Clemente A, Pau A, Gambarino S, Bergallo M. IL10 and CXCL10 mRNA expression in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Cytokine 2024; 182:156720. [PMID: 39133968 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a rare non-IgE-mediated food allergy that mainly impacts babies and 7toddlers. The exact mechanism of FPIES is not completely understood. By studying the expression of IL-10 and CXCL10 in pediatric FPIES patients, researchers can gain insights into the immune mechanisms underlying this disorder. METHODS Peripheral venous blood was collected and subsequently stabilized with RNA pro. Total RNA was extracted and mRNA levels of CXCL10 and IL-10 was determined with real time PCR. RESULTS Children with FPIES had significantly higher values than the healthy control group (HC) for CXCL10 while FPIES had a significant lower values than the control group for IL-10. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a high production of CXCL10 and a concomitant reduced production of IL-10 in FPIES subjects who have not yet reached tolerance. These data may represent a molecular diagnostic marker for FPIES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Galliano
- Department of Pediatric Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
| | - Paola Montanari
- Department of Pediatric Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Monti
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
| | - Maddalena Dini
- Department of Pediatric Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
| | - Cristina Calvi
- Department of Pediatric Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
| | - Anna Clemente
- Department of Pediatric Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
| | - Anna Pau
- Department of Pediatric Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
| | - Stefano Gambarino
- Department of Pediatric Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Bergallo
- Department of Pediatric Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, Italy.
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Ansari B, Abbaspour MR, Estajy A, Haghnavaz N, Pordel S, Rezaee M, Shobeiri SS, Moghadam M, Hashemi M, Sankian M. Development of fast-dissolving sublingual nanofibers containing allergen and curcumin for immune response modulation in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:7839-7856. [PMID: 38743115 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) has been considered a potential therapeutic agent for allergic reactions due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Nanofibers have attracted increasing attention in drug delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined therapeutic effects of curcumin and allergen in nanofiber-based treatments in order to increase the effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) efficacy in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis. Nanofibers containing CUR (1.25% and 2.5%) and ovalbumin 2% (OVA) as an allergen were prepared via electrospinning and characterized. BALB/c mice were sensitized with OVA to the induced allergic rhinitis model. SLIT with free and/or nanofibers was carried out. IL-4, INF-γ, and IgE serum levels were measured using ELISA. Splenocyte proliferation was evaluated by the MTT assay. Lung and nasal histological examinations and nasal lavage fluid (NALF) cell counting were carried out. Nanofibers containing 1.25% CUR and 2% OVA were chosen as the optimal formulations. SLIT treatment with the CUR and OVA nanofiber co-administration led to a significantly decreased serum IgE. Nanofiber containing 2.5 µg of CUR/mouse combined with OVA nanofiber showed a significant decrease in IL-4 and an increase in IFN-γ compared to other groups. NALF assessment showed a significant decrease in specific cell and eosinophil counts in the treated nanofiber groups. The histopathological results of NAL in the optimal formulations were near normal, with diminished cellular infiltration and inflammation. Our findings suggest that co-sublingual administration of allergen and CUR nanofibers can be considered as potential immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Ansari
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaspour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ayda Estajy
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Navideh Haghnavaz
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safoora Pordel
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - MohammadAli Rezaee
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Saeideh Sadat Shobeiri
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Malihe Moghadam
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Sankian
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Xi Y, Deng YQ, Li HD, Jiao WE, Chen J, Chen JJ, Tao ZZ. Evaluation of the Correlation Between Nasal Secretion ECP-MPO Test Papers and Immune Markers in Subcutaneous Immunotherapy of Dust Mites. J Asthma Allergy 2024; 17:847-862. [PMID: 39281095 PMCID: PMC11402357 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s453414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Up to now, there is no generally accepted biomarker to indicate the clinical response of immunotherapy. This study mainly analyzed the correlation between eosinophil cationic protein-myeloperoxidase (ECP-MPO) test papers and other immunotherapy indices in subcutaneous immunotherapy of dust mites and to explore whether the test paper can be used as an auxiliary index to quickly evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy. Patients and methods This study included 53 participants who received subcutaneous immunotherapy at the allergy clinic of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and 28 control participants. Six visits were conducted during a prospective study over one year. The results of the ECP-MPO test paper, nasal secretion eosinophil smear and count, nasal secretion ECP concentration, and clinical symptom scores were collected during five follow-up visits after the start of subcutaneous immunotherapy. Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines, chemokines, IgE, IgG4 against dust mite components, and ECP concentrations were detected in the serum of participants at baseline, six months, and one year after subcutaneous immunotherapy. Results The ECP test paper is not only easy to operate, but also can effectively and quickly detect the concentrations of ECP in the nasal secretion and diagnose allergic rhinitis. Symptom score is an important index for evaluating clinical immune efficacy, during subcutaneous immunotherapy, the ECP test paper showed a positive correlation with the symptom score. Simultaneously, during immunotherapy, the changes in the chromogenic grading of the test paper were synchronized with the changes in inflammatory cytokines and eosinophilic chemokines in Th2 cells of serum dust mite IgE. The sIgG4 against dust mites weakly negatively correlated with the concentration of ECP in nasal secretions and the color classification of the ECP test paper. Conclusion The ECP-MPO test paper has a certain correlation with subcutaneous immunotherapy markers of allergic rhinitis, indicating that the ECP test paper may become an auxiliary biomarker to replace other complex laboratory tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Da Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wo-Er Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Zhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Aarestrup FM, Taketomi EA, Santos Galvão CE, Alves GB, de Araújo Gueiros Lira GV, Gonçalves MR, Miziara MGC, Casado SSM, Pereira VAR, Solé D, Goudouris ES, Kuschnir FC. Transition between subcutaneous and sublingual allergen immunotherapy: Recommendations of the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology (ASBAI). THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100281. [PMID: 38975257 PMCID: PMC11226966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The use of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in Brazil has specific regional conditions owing to the pattern of allergen sensitization, as well as to genetic, socioeconomic, and cultural characteristics. This review article aims to discuss the clinical practice of AIT by the subcutaneous or sublingual route in Brazil, addressing the possibilities of transition between these forms of administration. A systematic review using the PubMed and Cochrane databases was performed, and the websites of major allergy and immunology organizations were consulted. Knowledge of the mechanism of action of subcutaneous immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy, together with Brazilian real-life experience, allowed us to establish recommendations regarding switching routes of AIT administration in selected cases. Careful analysis of each clinical situation is necessary to perform the transition between subcutaneous and sublingual allergen immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dirceu Solé
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Rupar MJ, Hanson H, Rogers S, Botlick B, Trimmer S, Hickman JJ. Modelling the innate immune system in microphysiological systems. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3604-3625. [PMID: 38957150 PMCID: PMC11264333 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00812f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This critical review aims to highlight how modeling of the immune response has adapted over time to utilize microphysiological systems. Topics covered here will discuss the integral components of the immune system in various human body systems, and how these interactions are modeled using these systems. Through the use of microphysiological systems, we have not only expanded on foundations of basic immune cell information, but have also gleaned insight on how immune cells work both independently and collaboratively within an entire human body system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rupar
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Hannah Hanson
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Stephanie Rogers
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Brianna Botlick
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - Steven Trimmer
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
| | - James J Hickman
- Hesperos, Inc., 12501 Research Parkway, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
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Zbîrcea LE, Buzan MR, Grijincu M, Cotarcă MD, Tamaș TP, Haidar L, Tănasie G, Huțu I, Babaev E, Stolz F, Valenta R, Păunescu V, Panaitescu C, Chen KW. Heterogenous Induction of Blocking Antibodies against Ragweed Allergen Molecules by Allergen Extract-Based Immunotherapy Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:635. [PMID: 38932364 PMCID: PMC11209568 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) for ragweed allergy is still based on natural allergen extracts. This study aimed to analyse the ability of four commercially available AIT vaccines (CLUSTOID, TYRO-SIT, POLLINEX Quattro Plus and Diater Depot) regarding their ability to induce IgG antibodies against ragweed pollen allergens in rabbits. Accordingly, the IgG reactivity of AIT-induced rabbit sera was tested for ten different ragweed pollen allergens (Amb a 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12) by an ELISA. Furthermore, the ability of rabbit AIT-specific sera to block allergic patients' IgE binding to relevant ragweed allergens (Amb a 1, 4, 6, 8 and 11) and to inhibit allergen-induced basophil activation was evaluated by an IgE inhibition ELISA and a mediator release assay. Only two AIT vaccines (Diater Depot > CLUSTOID) induced relevant IgG antibody levels to the major ragweed allergen Amb a 1. The IgG responses induced by the AIT vaccines against the other ragweed allergens were low and highly heterogeneous. Interestingly, the kinetics of IgG responses were different among the AIT vaccines and even within one AIT vaccine (Diater Depot) for Amb a 1 (long-lasting) versus Amb a 8 and Amb a 11 (short-lived). This could be due to variations in allergen contents, the immunogenicity of the allergens, and different immunization protocols. The IgE inhibition experiments showed that rabbit AIT-specific sera containing high allergen-specific IgG levels were able to inhibit patients' IgE binding and prevent the mediator release with Diater Depot. The high levels of allergen-specific IgG levels were associated with their ability to prevent the recognition of allergens by patients' IgE and allergen-induced basophil activation, indicating that the measurement of allergen-induced IgG could be a useful surrogate marker for the immunological efficacy of vaccines. Accordingly, the results of our study may be helpful for the selection of personalized AIT vaccination strategies for ragweed-allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriana-Eunice Zbîrcea
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria-Roxana Buzan
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Manuela Grijincu
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica-Daniela Cotarcă
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tudor-Paul Tamaș
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laura Haidar
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gabriela Tănasie
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Huțu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I of Romania”, 300645 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Elijahu Babaev
- Vienna Competence Center, Biomay AG, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank Stolz
- Vienna Competence Center, Biomay AG, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Division of Immunopathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Virgil Păunescu
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Carmen Panaitescu
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania (L.H.)
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Kuan-Wei Chen
- OncoGen Center, Pius Brinzeu County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
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Mahmood L, Keskin S, Jefferson AA. Precision care in the treatment of pediatric asthma. Curr Opin Pediatr 2024; 36:304-309. [PMID: 38411592 PMCID: PMC11042999 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Precision medicine in pediatric asthma involves identification of asthma phenotypes, genetic markers, biomarkers, and biologics that target specific pathways. This review includes a discussion of the efficacy of currently approved biologics for pediatric asthma and most recent advances in biomarker/phenotype identification and genetic associations that affect asthma care. RECENT FINDINGS Biologics targeting type-2 mediated pathways have shown success in the treatment of moderate to severe asthma in pediatric and adult patients. In comparative studies, dupilumab, an interleukin-4 (IL-4) alpha receptor inhibitor, and mepolizumab, an IL-5 inhibitor, have shown more improvement in asthma exacerbation rates and lung function compared to other biologics such as tezepelumab, omalizumab and benralizumab. Other methods used to categorize asthma treatment response have been investigated and include use of biomarkers such as fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Genomic studies are also emerging in precision care for pediatric asthma. SUMMARY An understanding of underlying immunologic and genetic mechanisms affecting the development of asthma in pediatric patients has resulted in the production of numerous targeted therapies that have led to improvement in lung function and reduced exacerbation burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Mahmood
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Sevdenur Keskin
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Akilah A. Jefferson
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Little Rock, Arkansas
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D’Aiuto V, Mormile I, Granata F, Napolitano F, Lamagna L, Della Casa F, de Paulis A, Rossi FW. Worldwide Heterogeneity of Food Allergy: Focus on Peach Allergy in Southern Italy. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3259. [PMID: 38892968 PMCID: PMC11173152 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) has shown an increasing prevalence in the last decades, becoming a major public health problem. However, data on the prevalence of FA across the world are heterogeneous because they are influenced by several factors. Among IgE-mediated FA, an important role is played by FA related to plant-derived food which can result from the sensitization to a single protein (specific FA) or to homologous proteins present in different foods (cross-reactive FA) including non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs), profilins, and pathogenesis-related class 10 (PR-10). In addition, the clinical presentation of FA is widely heterogeneous ranging from mild symptoms to severe reactions up to anaphylaxis, most frequently associated with nsLTP-related FA (LTP syndrome). Considering the potential life-threatening nature of nsLTP-related FA, the patient's geographical setting should always be taken into account; thereby, it is highly recommended to build a personalized approach for managing FA across the world in the precision medicine era. For this reason, in this review, we aim to provide an overview of the prevalence of nsLTP-mediated allergies in the Mediterranean area and to point out the potential reasons for the different geographical significance of LTP-driven allergies with a particular focus on the allergenic properties of food allergens and their cross reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina D’Aiuto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (I.M.); (F.N.); (F.D.C.); (A.d.P.); (F.W.R.)
| | - Ilaria Mormile
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (I.M.); (F.N.); (F.D.C.); (A.d.P.); (F.W.R.)
| | - Francescopaolo Granata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (I.M.); (F.N.); (F.D.C.); (A.d.P.); (F.W.R.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (I.M.); (F.N.); (F.D.C.); (A.d.P.); (F.W.R.)
| | - Laura Lamagna
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesca Della Casa
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (I.M.); (F.N.); (F.D.C.); (A.d.P.); (F.W.R.)
| | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (I.M.); (F.N.); (F.D.C.); (A.d.P.); (F.W.R.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Wanda Rossi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (I.M.); (F.N.); (F.D.C.); (A.d.P.); (F.W.R.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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9
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Saunders MN, Rad LM, Williams LA, Landers JJ, Urie RR, Hocevar SE, Quiros M, Chiang MY, Angadi AR, Janczak KW, Bealer EJ, Crumley K, Benson OE, Griffin KV, Ross BC, Parkos CA, Nusrat A, Miller SD, Podojil JR, O'Konek JJ, Shea LD. Allergen-Encapsulating Nanoparticles Reprogram Pathogenic Allergen-Specific Th2 Cells to Suppress Food Allergy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400237. [PMID: 38691819 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Food allergy is a prevalent, potentially deadly disease caused by inadvertent sensitization to benign food antigens. Pathogenic Th2 cells are a major driver for disease, and allergen-specific immunotherapies (AIT) aim to increase the allergen threshold required to elicit severe allergic symptoms. However, the majority of AIT approaches require lengthy treatments and convey transient disease suppression, likely due to insufficient targeting of pathogenic Th2 responses. Here, the ability of allergen-encapsulating nanoparticles to directly suppress pathogenic Th2 responses and reactivity is investigated in a mouse model of food allergy. NPs associate with pro-tolerogenic antigen presenting cells, provoking accumulation of antigen-specific, functionally suppressive regulatory T cells in the small intestine lamina propria. Two intravenous doses of allergen encapsulated in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (NPs) significantly reduces oral food challenge (OFC)-induced anaphylaxis. Importantly, NP treatment alters the fates of pathogenic allergen-specific Th2 cells, reprogramming these cells toward CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory and CD73+FR4+ anergic phenotypes. NP-mediated reductions in the frequency of effector cells in the gut and mast cell degranulation following OFC are also demonstrated. These studies reveal mechanisms by which an allergen-encapsulating NP therapy and, more broadly, allergen-specific immunotherapies, can rapidly attenuate allergic responses by targeting pathogenic Th2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Saunders
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Laila M Rad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Laura A Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Landers
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Russell R Urie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sarah E Hocevar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Miguel Quiros
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ming-Yi Chiang
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Amogh R Angadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Katarzyna W Janczak
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Bealer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kelly Crumley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Olivia E Benson
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kate V Griffin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brian C Ross
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joseph R Podojil
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Cour Pharmaceuticals Development Company, Northbrook, IL, 60077, USA
| | - Jessica J O'Konek
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lonnie D Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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10
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Wang N, Song J, Sun SR, Zhu KZ, Li JX, Wang ZC, Guo CL, Xiang WX, Tong YL, Zeng M, Wang H, Xu XY, Yao Y, Liu Z. Immune signatures predict response to house dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis. Allergy 2024; 79:1230-1241. [PMID: 38403941 DOI: 10.1111/all.16068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying predictive biomarkers for allergen immunotherapy response is crucial for enhancing clinical efficacy. This study aims to identify such biomarkers in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) undergoing subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for house dust mite allergy. METHODS The Tongji (discovery) cohort comprised 72 AR patients who completed 1-year SCIT follow-up. Circulating T and B cell subsets were characterized using multiplexed flow cytometry before SCIT. Serum immunoglobulin levels and combined symptom and medication score (CSMS) were assessed before and after 12-month SCIT. Responders, exhibiting ≥30% CSMS improvement, were identified. The random forest algorithm and logistic regression analysis were used to select biomarkers and establish predictive models for SCIT efficacy in the Tongji cohort, which was validated in another Wisco cohort with 43 AR patients. RESULTS Positive SCIT response correlated with higher baseline CSMS, allergen-specific IgE (sIgE)/total IgE (tIgE) ratio, and frequencies of Type 2 helper T cells, Type 2 follicular helper T (TFH2) cells, and CD23+ nonswitched memory B (BNSM) and switched memory B (BSM) cells, as well as lower follicular regulatory T (TFR) cell frequency and TFR/TFH2 cell ratio. The random forest algorithm identified sIgE/tIgE ratio, TFR/TFH2 cell ratio, and BNSM frequency as the key biomarkers discriminating responders from nonresponders in the Tongji cohort. Logistic regression analysis confirmed the predictive value of a combination model, including sIgE/tIgE ratio, TFR/TFH2 cell ratio, and CD23+ BSM frequency (AUC = 0.899 in Tongji; validated AUC = 0.893 in Wisco). CONCLUSIONS A T- and B-cell signature combination efficiently identified SCIT responders before treatment, enabling personalized approaches for AR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi-Ran Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke-Zhang Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Xian Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Cui-Lian Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun-Long Tong
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China Resources & Wisco General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Zhang FZ, Tan M, Zeng J, Qi XW, Zhang YT, Che YT, Zhang S, Li BJ. A Supramolecular Assembly of EGCG for Long-Term Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2282-2298. [PMID: 38526450 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a type-I hypersensitivity disease mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). Although antihistamines, glucocorticoids, leukotriene receptor antagonists, and other drugs are widely used to treat AR, the various adverse side effects of long-term use of these drugs should not be ignored. Therefore, more effective and safe natural alternative strategies are urgently needed. To this end, this study designed a nanosupramolecular delivery system composed of β-cyclodextrin supramolecular polymer (PCD), thiolated chitosan (TCS), and natural polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for intranasal topical continuous treatment of AR. The TCS/PCD@EGCG nanocarriers exhibited an excellent performance in terms of retention and permeability in the nasal mucosa and released the vast majority of EGCG responsively in the nasal microenvironment, thus resulting in the significantly high antibacterial and antioxidant capacities. According to the in vitro model, compared with free EGCG, TCS/PCD@EGCG inhibited mast cell activity and abnormal histamine secretion in a more long-term and sustained manner. According to the in vivo model, whether in the presence of continuous or intermittent administration, TCS/PCD@EGCG substantially inhibited the secretion of allergenic factors and inflammatory factors, mitigated the pathological changes of nasal mucosa, alleviated the symptoms of rhinitis in mice, and produced a satisfactory therapeutic effect on AR. In particular, the therapeutic effect of TCS/PCD@EGCG systems were even superior to that of budesonide during intermittent treatment. Therefore, the TCS/PCD@EGCG nanocarrier is a potential long-lasting antiallergic medicine for the treatment of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Zhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Tan
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu-Wei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ye-Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Ting Che
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bang-Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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12
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Bryushkova EA, Mushenkova NV, Turchaninova MA, Lukyanov DK, Chudakov DM, Serebrovskaya EO. B cell clonality in cancer. Semin Immunol 2024; 72:101874. [PMID: 38508089 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2024.101874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis in the process of long-term co-evolution of tumor cells and immune environment essentially becomes possible due to incorrect decisions made, remembered, and reproduced by the immune system at the level of clonal populations of antigen-specific T- and B-lymphocytes. Tumor-immunity interaction determines the nature of such errors and, consequently, delineates the possible ways of successful immunotherapeutic intervention. It is generally recognized that tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIL-B) can play both pro-tumor and anti-tumor roles. However, the exact mechanisms that determine the contribution of clonal B cell lineages with different specificities and functions remain largely unclear. This is due to the variability of cancer types, the molecular heterogeneity of tumor cells, and, to a large extent, the individual pattern of each immune response. Further progress requires detailed investigation of the functional properties and phenotypes of clonally heterogeneous B cells in relation to their antigenic specificities, which determine the functionality of both effector B lymphocytes and immunoglobulins produced in the tumor environment. Based on a real understanding of the role of clonal antigen-specific populations of B lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment, we need to learn how to develop new methods of targeted immunotherapy, as well as adapt existing treatment options to the specific needs of different patients and patient subgroups. In this review, we will cover B cells functional diversity and their multifaceted roles in the tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Bryushkova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Mushenkova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Unicorn Capital Partners, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Turchaninova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - D K Lukyanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - D M Chudakov
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - E O Serebrovskaya
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Current position: Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
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13
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Turkalj M, Miletić Gospić A, Višekruna Džidić I, Banić I. Food Allergen Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Patients with IgE-Mediated Food Allergy. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:121. [PMID: 38256382 PMCID: PMC10820435 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases, including food allergy, is increasing, especially in developed countries. Implementation of an elimination diet is not a sufficient therapeutic strategy in patients with food allergy, whose quality of life is significantly impaired. In recent years, new effective therapeutic strategies have been developed, such as the application of oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous immunotherapy. Oral immunotherapy is the most often applied strategy because of its effectiveness and ease of application, with an acceptable safety profile. The effectiveness of oral immunotherapy in patients with egg, cow's milk, and peanut allergy has been proven both in terms of raising of the threshold and the development of tolerance, and in some patients, the development of sustainable unresponsiveness. Although oral immunotherapy is an effective treatment for food allergy, several limitations, including a long duration and a significant rate of reported adverse events, reduces its success. Therefore, new therapeutic options, such as treatment with biologicals, either as combinations with food allergen immunotherapy or as monotherapy with the aim of improving the efficacy and safety of treatment, are being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Turkalj
- Srebrnjak Children’s Hospital, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.T.); (I.V.D.); (I.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Ivana Banić
- Srebrnjak Children’s Hospital, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.T.); (I.V.D.); (I.B.)
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14
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Kliem CV, Schaub B. The role of regulatory B cells in immune regulation and childhood allergic asthma. Mol Cell Pediatr 2024; 11:1. [PMID: 38172451 PMCID: PMC10764675 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-023-00174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the most common chronic disease in childhood, asthma displays a major public health problem worldwide with the incidence of those affected rising. As there is currently no cure for allergic asthma, it is mandatory to get a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism. MAIN BODY By producing IgE antibodies upon allergen contact, B cells play a pivotal role in allergic asthma. Besides that, IL-10-secreting B cell subsets, namely regulatory B cells (Bregs), are reported in mice and humans to play a role in allergic asthma. In humans, several Breg subsets with distinct phenotypic and functional properties are identified among B cells at different maturational and differentiation stages that exert anti-inflammatory functions by expressing several suppressor molecules. Emerging research has focused on the role of Bregs in allergic asthma as well as their role for future diagnostic and preventive strategies. CONCLUSION Knowledge about the exact function of human Bregs in allergic asthma is still very limited. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on Bregs. We discuss different human Breg subsets, several ways of Breg induction as well as the mechanisms through which they exert immunoregulatory functions, and their role in (childhood) allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Vanessa Kliem
- Pediatric Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Von Hauner Children´S Hospital, University Hospital, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Bianca Schaub
- Pediatric Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Von Hauner Children´S Hospital, University Hospital, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, LMU, Munich, Germany.
- Member of German Center for Lung Research - DZL, LMU, Munich, Germany.
- Member of German Center for Child and Adolescent Health-DZKJ, LMU, Munich, Germany.
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15
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Kappen JH, Agache I, Jutel M, Pillai P, Corrigan CJ. Allergen Immunotherapy for Asthma. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:23-30. [PMID: 38013158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy is a disease-modifying treatment for IgE-mediated allergies reducing disease burden and symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis, with or without asthma. The growing evidence that allergen immunotherapy also has the potential to facilitate achieving asthma control in patients with allergic asthma resulted in its acknowledgment by international bodies (Global Initiative for Asthma and European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology) as add-on treatment for mild/moderate asthma. Although there have been promising developments in biomarkers for patient selection and for allergen immunotherapy efficacy evaluation in patients with asthma, a lot more data are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper H Kappen
- Department of Pulmonology, STZ Centre of Excellence for Asthma, COPD and Respiratory Allergy, Franciscus & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Prathap Pillai
- Department of Adult Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's Centre for Lung Health, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J Corrigan
- King's Centre for Lung Health, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Zhang G, Le Souëf P. The influence of modern living conditions on the human microbiome and potential therapeutic opportunities for allergy prevention. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100857. [PMID: 38235259 PMCID: PMC10793171 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern living conditions and the recent surge in global urbanization have transformed the human microbiome. This transformation is believed to be a significant factor in the recent spike of common chronic inflammatory diseases like asthma and allergies worldwide, evident in both developed and developing nations. Immigrants from less developed regions who settle in highly urbanized and affluent areas present an ideal demographic for research. Investigating immigrant populations can yield valuable insights, particularly when studying microbiome changes that occur as individuals transition from areas with low asthma prevalence to regions with a high prevalence of the condition. The application of prebiotics and probiotics as potential treatments for asthma and allergies faces challenges. This is due to the complex interplay of numerous factors that contribute to their aetiology. Exploring the interaction between the human microbiome and potential epigenetic changes in specific populations, such as immigrants adapting to new, urbanized environments, may offer crucial insights. Such research could underscore the role of prebiotics and probiotics in preventing allergic conditions. Recognizing the changes in the human microbiome in the context of a Western/modern environment might be essential in addressing the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases. Persistent research in this domain is pivotal for devising effective interventions such as dietary supplementation with prebiotics and probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guicheng Zhang
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6008, Australia
| | - Peter Le Souëf
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6008, Australia
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17
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Cieplińska K, Niedziela E, Kowalska A. Immunological Processes in the Orbit and Indications for Current and Potential Drug Targets. J Clin Med 2023; 13:72. [PMID: 38202079 PMCID: PMC10780108 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease (GD). Similar to GD, TED is caused by an autoimmune response. TED is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the orbit and periorbital tissues, characterized by upper eyelid retraction, swelling, redness, conjunctivitis, and bulging eyes. The pathophysiology of TED is complex, with the infiltration of activated T lymphocytes and activation of orbital fibroblasts (OFs) and autoantibodies against the common autoantigen of thyroid and orbital tissues. Better understanding of the multifactorial pathogenesis of TED contributes to the development of more effective therapies. In this review, we present current and potential drug targets. The ideal treatment should slow progression of the disease with as little interference with patient immunity as possible. In the future, TED treatment will target the immune mechanism involved in the disease and will be based on a strategy of restoring tolerance to autoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilia Niedziela
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (E.N.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Holy Cross Cancer Center, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Aldona Kowalska
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (E.N.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Holy Cross Cancer Center, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
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18
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Udoye CC, Ehlers M, Manz RA. The B Cell Response and Formation of Allergenic and Anti-Allergenic Antibodies in Food Allergy. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1501. [PMID: 38132327 PMCID: PMC10740584 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Food allergies are a growing public health concern worldwide, especially in children and young adults. Allergen-specific IgE plays a central role in the pathogenesis of food allergies, but their titers poorly correlate with allergy development. Host immune systems yield allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgE and IgG subclasses with low or high affinities and differential Fc N-glycosylation patterns that can affect the allergic reaction to food in multiple ways. High-affinity IgE is required to induce strong mast cell activation eventually leading to allergic anaphylaxis, while low-affinity IgE can even inhibit the development of clinically relevant allergic symptoms. IgA and IgG antibodies can inhibit IgE-mediated mast cell activation through various mechanisms, thereby protecting IgE-positive individuals from allergy development. The production of IgE and IgG with differential allergenic potential seems to be affected by the signaling strength of individual B cell receptors, and by cytokines from T cells. This review provides an overview of the diversity of the B cell response and the diverse roles of antibodies in food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C. Udoye
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rudolf A. Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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19
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Kappen J, Diamant Z, Agache I, Bonini M, Bousquet J, Canonica GW, Durham SR, Guibas GV, Hamelmann E, Jutel M, Papadopoulos NG, Roberts G, Shamji MH, Zieglmayer P, Gerth van Wijk R, Pfaar O. Standardization of clinical outcomes used in allergen immunotherapy in allergic asthma: An EAACI position paper. Allergy 2023; 78:2835-2850. [PMID: 37449468 DOI: 10.1111/all.15817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In allergic asthma patients, one of the more common phenotypes might benefit from allergen immunotherapy (AIT) as add-on intervention to pharmacological treatment. AIT is a treatment with disease-modifying modalities, the evidence for efficacy is based on controlled clinical trials following standardized endpoint measures. However, so far there is a lack of a consensus for asthma endpoints in AIT trials. The aim of a task force (TF) of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is evaluating several outcome measures for AIT in allergic asthma. METHODS The following domains of outcome measures in asthmatic patients have been evaluated for this position paper (PP): (i) exacerbation rate, (ii) lung function, (iii) ICS withdrawal, (iv) symptoms and rescue medication use, (v) questionnaires (PROMS), (vi) bronchial/nasal provocation, (vii) allergen exposure chambers (AEC) and (viii) biomarkers. RESULTS Exacerbation rate can be used as a reliable objective primary outcome; however, there is limited evidence due to different definitions of exacerbation. The time after ICS withdrawal to first exacerbation is considered a primary outcome measure. Besides, the advantages and disadvantages and clinical implications of further domains of asthma endpoints in AIT trials are elaborated in this PP. CONCLUSION This EAACI-PP aims to highlight important aspects of current asthma measures by critically evaluating their applicability for controlled trials of AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Kappen
- Department of Pulmonology, STZ Centre of Excellence for Asthma, COPD and Respiratory Allergy, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of National Heart and Lung Institute, Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Departmentt of Microbiology Immunology & Transplantation, KU Leuven, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Institute for Clinical Science, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Matteo Bonini
- Department of National Heart and Lung Institute, Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin Campus Berlin Buch, MASK-air, Montpellier, France
| | - G Walter Canonica
- Personalized Medicine Asthma & Allergy Clinic Humanitas University & Research Hospital-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stephen R Durham
- Department of National Heart and Lung Institute, Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - George V Guibas
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Eckard Hamelmann
- Children's Center Bethel, University Hospital Bielefeld, University Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Graham Roberts
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Newport, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Paediatric Allergy and Respiratory Medicine (MP803), Clinical & Experimental Sciences & Human Development in Health Academic Units University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine & University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mohamed H Shamji
- Department of National Heart and Lung Institute, Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - Petra Zieglmayer
- Karl Landsteiner University, Competence Center for Allergology and Immunology, Krems, Austria
| | - Roy Gerth van Wijk
- Section of Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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20
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Assugeni IOS, Bazon ML, Pinto LM, Mainente LAB, Brochetto-Braga MR, de Lima Zollner R, Fernandes LGR. Recombinant antigen 5 from Polybia paulista wasp venom (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): Antigen-specific antibody production and functional profile of CD4 + T cells in the immune response. J Immunol Methods 2023; 522:113557. [PMID: 37689389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Polybia paulista is a neotropical social wasp related to severe accidents and allergic reactions cases, including anaphylaxis, in southeastern Brazil. Antigen 5 (Poly p 5) is a major allergenic protein from its venom with potential use for component-resolved diagnostic. Therefore, the previous characterization of the immune response profile triggered by Poly p 5 should be evaluated. Recombinant Poly p 5 (rPoly p 5) was used to sensitize BALB/c mice with six weekly intradermal doses, and the specific antibody production and the functional profile of CD4+ T cells were assessed. rPoly p 5 induced the production of specific immunoglobulins (sIg) sIgE, sIgG1 and sIgG2a, which could recognize natural Poly p 5 presented in the venom of four different wasp species. rPoly p 5 stimulated in vitro the CD4+ T cells from immunized mice, which showed a significant proliferative response. These antigen-specific CD4+T cells produced IFN-γ and IL-17A cytokines and increased ROR-γT transcription factor expression. No differences between the control group and sensitized mice were found in IL-4 production and GATA-3 and T-bet expression. Interestingly, increased CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) frequency was observed in the splenocyte cell cultures from rPoly p 5 immunized mice after the in vitro stimulation with both P. paulista venom extract and rPoly p 5. Here we showed that rPoly p 5 induces antigen-specific antibodies capable of recognizing Antigen 5 in the venom of four wasp species and modulates antigen-specific CD4+ T cells to IFN-γ production response associated with a Th17 profile in sensitized mice. These findings emphasize the potential use of rPoly p 5 as an essential source of a major wasp allergen with significant immunological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Oliveira Sandrini Assugeni
- Laboratory of Arthropods Molecular Biology (LBMA), Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Murilo Luiz Bazon
- Laboratory of Arthropods Molecular Biology (LBMA), Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Machado Pinto
- Laboratory of Arthropods Molecular Biology (LBMA), Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Regina Brochetto-Braga
- Laboratory of Arthropods Molecular Biology (LBMA), Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Lima Zollner
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology (LIT), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Gustavo Romani Fernandes
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology (LIT), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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21
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Jung JH, Kim KA, Choi YS, Kim ST. Effect of intralymphatic allergen-specific immunotherapy on house dust mite in a murine model of allergic rhinitis. Acta Otolaryngol 2023; 143:867-875. [PMID: 38059621 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2023.2273405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) is a promising alternative for the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis, providing similar therapeutic efficacy to conventional allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). However, the allergic mechanism of ILIT is not completely known. AIM The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of ILIT in a house dust mite (HDM) mouse model of allergic rhinitis. METHODS BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: G1, control without allergy; G2, allergy sensitized with HDM; G3, allergy with ILIT (starting with HDM 1.25 μg/mL); and G4, allergy with ILIT (starting with HDM 2.5 μg/mL). After the murine model of allergic rhinitis with HDM was established, mice were administered an intralymphatic injection through the inguinal lymph nodes with HDM. RESULTS ILIT decreased serum total IgE level and eosinophil infiltration in the nasal mucosa. ILIT also decreased the expression levels of IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-17, and increased the expression of FoxP3(+) T reg cells. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that ILIT regulates the specific immunotherapy immunologic mechanism by downregulating Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines and upregulating FoxP3(+) T reg cells in the HDM allergic mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Kim
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Sook Choi
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Tae Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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22
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Krishna SS, Farhana SA, T.P. A, Hussain SM, Viswanad V, Nasr MH, Sahu RK, Khan J. Modulation of immune response by nanoparticle-based immunotherapy against food allergens. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1229667. [PMID: 37744376 PMCID: PMC10515284 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1229667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of food allergies worldwide and the subsequent life-threatening anaphylactic reactions often have sparse treatment options, providing only symptomatic relief. Great strides have been made in research and in clinics in recent years to offer novel therapies for the treatment of allergic disorders. However, current allergen immunotherapy has its own shortcomings in terms of long-term efficacy and safety, due to the local side effects and the possibility of anaphylaxis. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is an established therapy in treating allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis. It acts through the downregulation of T cell, and IgE-mediated reactions, as well as desensitization, a process of food tolerance without any allergic events. This would result in a protective reaction that lasts for approximately 3 years, even after the withdrawal of therapy. Furthermore, allergen-specific immunotherapy also exploits several routes such as oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous immunotherapy. As the safety and efficacy of allergen immunotherapy are still under research, the exploration of newer routes such as intra-lymphatic immunotherapy would address unfulfilled needs. In addition, the existence of nanoparticles can be exploited immensely in allergen immunotherapy, which would lead to safer and efficacious therapy. This manuscript highlights a novel drug delivery method for allergen-specific immunotherapy that involves the administration of specific allergens to the patients in gradual increasing doses, to induce desensitization and tolerance, as well as emphasizing different routes of administration, mechanism, and the application of nanoparticles in allergen-specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivadas Swathi Krishna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Science (AIMS) Health Science Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Syeda Ayesha Farhana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ardra T.P.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Science (AIMS) Health Science Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Shalam M. Hussain
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Rayyan Medical College, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vidya Viswanad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Science (AIMS) Health Science Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Muhammed Hassan Nasr
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ram Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Chauras, Tehri, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jiyauddin Khan
- School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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23
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Satitsuksanoa P, Iwasaki S, Boersma J, Bel Imam M, Schneider SR, Chang I, van de Veen W, Akdis M. B cells: The many facets of B cells in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:567-581. [PMID: 37247640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
B cells play a key role in our immune system through their ability to produce antibodies, suppress a proinflammatory state, and contribute to central immune tolerance. We aim to provide an in-depth knowledge of the molecular biology of B cells, including their origin, developmental process, types and subsets, and functions. In allergic diseases, B cells are well known to induce and maintain immune tolerance through the production of suppressor cytokines such as IL-10. Similarly, B cells protect against viral infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that caused the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Considering the unique and multifaceted functions of B cells, we hereby provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of B-cell biology and its clinical applications in allergic diseases, organ transplantation, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattraporn Satitsuksanoa
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland.
| | - Sayuri Iwasaki
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland; Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Boersma
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland; Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manal Bel Imam
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Stephan R Schneider
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Iris Chang
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland; Sean N. Parker Centre for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland.
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24
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Nahm DH. Regulatory T Cell-Targeted Immunomodulatory Therapy for Long-Term Clinical Improvement of Atopic Dermatitis: Hypotheses and Perspectives. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1674. [PMID: 37629531 PMCID: PMC10455293 DOI: 10.3390/life13081674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically relapsing inflammatory skin disorder characterized by itching and eczematous lesions. It is often associated with a personal or familial history of allergic diseases. Allergic inflammation induced by immunoglobulin E and T-helper type 2 (Th2) cell responses to common environmental agents has been suggested to play an essential role in AD pathogenesis. The standard therapies for AD, including topical or systemic agents, focus on controlling skin inflammation. Recently developed monoclonal antibody to interleukin-4 receptor alpha or Janus kinase inhibitors can provide significant clinical improvements in patients with AD by inhibiting Th2 cell-mediated skin inflammation. However, the clinical efficacy of the Th2 cell-targeted therapy is transient and incomplete in patients with AD. Patients with AD are seeking a permanent cure. Therefore, the development of novel immunomodulatory strategies that can improve a long-term clinical outcome and provide a long-term treatment-free clinical remission of AD (disease-modifying therapy) is needed. Regulatory T (Treg) cells play a critical role in the maintenance of immune tolerance and suppress the development of autoimmune and allergic diseases. This review provides three working hypotheses and perspectives for the treatment of AD by Treg cell activation. (1) A decreased number or function of Treg cells is a critical event that causes the activation of Th2 cells, leading to the development and maintenance of AD. (2) Activation of Treg cells is an effective therapeutic approach for AD. (3) Many different immunomodulatory strategies activating Treg cells can provide a long-term clinical improvement of AD by induction of immune tolerance. The Treg cell-targeted immunomodulatory therapies for AD include allergen immunotherapy, microbiota, vitamin D, polyvalent human immunoglobulin G, monoclonal antibodies to the surface antigens of T cell or antigen-presenting cell, and adoptive transfer of autologous Treg cells or genetically engineered Treg cells expanded in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Nahm
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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25
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Roche R, Odeh NH, Andar AU, Tulapurkar ME, Roche JA. Protection against Severe Illness versus Immunity-Redefining Vaccine Effectiveness in the Aftermath of COVID-19. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1963. [PMID: 37630523 PMCID: PMC10459411 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have played a pivotal role in reducing the risk of developing severe illness from COVID-19, thus helping end the COVID-19 global public health emergency after more than three years. Intriguingly, as SARS-CoV-2 variants emerged, individuals who were fully vaccinated did get infected in high numbers, and viral loads in vaccinated individuals were as high as those in the unvaccinated. However, even with high viral loads, vaccinated individuals were significantly less likely to develop severe illness; this begs the question as to whether the main effect of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is to confer protection against severe illness or immunity against infection. The answer to this question is consequential, not only to the understanding of how anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines work, but also to public health efforts against existing and novel pathogens. In this review, we argue that immune system sensitization-desensitization rather than sterilizing immunity may explain vaccine-mediated protection against severe COVID-19 illness even when the SARS-CoV-2 viral load is high. Through the lessons learned from COVID-19, we make the case that in the disease's aftermath, public health agencies must revisit healthcare policies, including redefining the term "vaccine effectiveness."
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Roche
- Occupational Therapy Program, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Services, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA;
| | - Nouha H. Odeh
- Ph.D. Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Abhay U. Andar
- Baltimore County, Translational Life Science Technology, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA;
| | - Mohan E. Tulapurkar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Joseph A. Roche
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Health Care Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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26
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Urbańska W, Szymański L, Ciepelak M, Cios A, Stankiewicz W, Klimaszewska E, Lieto K, Skopek R, Chciałowski A, Lewicki S. Time-dependent cytokines changes in ultra-rush wasp venom immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10560. [PMID: 37386045 PMCID: PMC10310823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Venom immunotherapy (VIT) represents a potential therapeutic approach for the management of venom allergies, aiming to modify the immune response to venom allergens and enhance its precision. Previous studies have demonstrated that VIT induces a shift in T helper cell responses from Th2 to Th1, characterized by the production of IL-2 and interferon-gamma by CD4+ and CD8+ cells. In order to explore long-term pathways following VIT treatment and verify potential new outcomes, the serum concentrations of 30 cytokines were assessed in a cohort of 61 patients (18 control, 43 study group) exhibiting hypersensitivity to wasp venom. Cytokine levels were measured at 0, 2, 6, and 24 weeks after the initiation phase of VIT in the study group. The present study found no significant alterations in the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in the peripheral blood following VIT. However, a noteworthy finding was the substantial increase in the concentration of IL-12, a cytokine capable of promoting the differentiation of Th0 cells into Th1 cells. This observation supports the involvement of the Th1 pathway in the desensitization process induced by VIT. Additionally, the study revealed a significant rise in the levels of IL-9 and TGF-β after VIT. These cytokines may play a role in the generation of inducible regulatory T (Treg) cells, indicating their potential importance in the immune response to venom allergens and the desensitization process associated with VIT. Nevertheless, further investigations are required to comprehend the underlying mechanisms driving the VIT process comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Urbańska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Szymański
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland.
| | - M Ciepelak
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Cios
- Department of Hematological and Transfusion Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 14 I. Gandhi St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Stankiewicz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Mazovian State University in Płock, Generała Jarosława Dąbrowskiego 2, 09-402, Płock, Poland
| | - E Klimaszewska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600, Radom, Poland
| | - Krystyna Lieto
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Skopek
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - A Chciałowski
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Lewicki
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600, Radom, Poland
- Institute of Outcomes Research, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 00-001, Warsaw, Poland
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27
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Shen W, Li SY, Pan YQ, Liu H, Dong XW, Zhang XQ, Ye WC, Hu XL, Wang H. Prinsepia utilis Royle leaf extract: Ameliorative effects on allergic inflammation and skin lesions in allergic contact dermatitis and polyphenolic profiling through UPLC-MS/MS coupled to chemometric analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116093. [PMID: 36603785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common allergic inflammatory disease that is concomitant with skin swelling, redness, dry itching, and relapses. Prinsepia utilis Royle, a Chinese and Indian folk medicine, is rich in polyphenols with potential anti-inflammatory and skin-protective activities. However, the underlying mechanism of P. utilis leaf (PUL) in the treatment of ACD and its functional basis remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is aimed to explore and reveal the active substances and mechanism of PUL against ACD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyaluronidase inhibitory assay and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-induced ACD mouse model were performed to assess the antiallergic effects of PUL in vitro and in vivo. Different solvents were applied to obtain multiple PUL extracts. The extracts were further tested for total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) by using spectrophotometric assays. Polyphenolic profiles were analyzed by using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS), and a simultaneous quantification method was established using UPLC-QTrap-MS/MS through multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and applied to analyze the pharmacokinetics of the multiple major polyphenols of PUL in mice. RESULTS The water extract of PUL with the highest TPC/TFC exhibited the strongest antihyaluronidase effect (IC50 = 231.93 μg/mL). In vivo assays indicated that the oral administration of PUL water extract dose-dependently attenuated ACD-like symptoms by decreased interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and IgE production, suppressed eosinophil and basophil secretion, and increasing the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (claudin-1 [CLDN-1] and occludin). Concomitantly, UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis enabled the identification of 60 polyphenols and the pharmacokinetic parameters of seven quantified constituents of PUL were characterized. Four compounds, trans-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), vicenin-2 (21), isoschaftoside (31), and kaempferol 3-O-(2″,6″-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyransoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (38) which displayed satisfactory pharmacokinetic features, were considered as potential effective substances in PUL. CONCLUSIONS PUL water extract ameliorated the allergic inflammation of ACD by repairing the epithelial barrier and alleviating Th2-type allergic inflammation. The anti-allergic effect of PUL is closely related to its phenolic substances, and compounds 11, 21, 31, and 38 were the active substances of PUL. It revealed that P. utilis could be developed as a new source of antiallergic agents for ACD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Layritz A, Galicia‐Carreón J, Benfadal S, Novak N. Differences in allergen-specific basophil activation and T cell proliferation in atopic dermatitis patients with comorbid allergic rhinoconjunctivitis treated with a monoclonal anti-IL-4Rα antibody or allergen-specific immunotherapy. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e808. [PMID: 37102639 PMCID: PMC10091378 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory disorder, is often accompanied by allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) as a co-morbidity. The use of a monoclonal anti-IL-4Rα antibody has been effective in controlling moderate to severe AD symptoms. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is widely used for the treatment of ARC and asthma. The effects of AIT on basophil reactivity/effector functions have already been examined and used as indicators of the treatment efficacy. However, it is unclear, how an anti-IL-4Rα antibody can influence allergen-specific immune responses of basophils and T cells of AD patients with comorbid ARC. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a monoclonal anti-IL-4Rα antibody on the in vitro allergic responses of basophils and T cells deriving from AD patients with comorbid ARC. METHODS Blood samples of 32 AD patients were obtained before, after 4 and 16 weeks of an anti-IL-4Rα antibody therapy (300 mg subcutaneously/2 weeks; n = 21) or AIT (daily sublingual application; n = 11). Patients treated with an anti-IL-4Rα antibody were grouped according to their serum specific immunoglobulin E levels and ARC symptoms, while patients receiving an AIT were additionally grouped according to the allergen specificity of their AIT. Basophil activation test and T cell proliferation assays were undertaken after an in vitro allergen stimulation. RESULTS A significant reduction of the immunoglobulin E levels and the allergen-specific T cell proliferation was observed in AD patients treated with an anti-IL-4Rα -antibody, while the allergen-specific basophil activation/sensitivity were found to be significantly increased. In patients receiving an AIT, the in vitro allergen-specific basophil activation and the T cell proliferation were found to be significantly decreased in response to seasonal allergens. CONCLUSIONS An IL-4Rα blockade induced by a monoclonal anti-IL-4Rα antibody leads to an increased activity/sensitivity of early effector cells (such as basophils), in contrast to a decreasing reactivity observed under an AIT. The late-phase T cell reaction to allergens did not differ between the herein assessed treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Said Benfadal
- Department of Dermatology and AllergyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Natalija Novak
- Department of Dermatology and AllergyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
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Goretzki A, Lin YJ, Meier C, Dorn B, Wolfheimer S, Jamin A, Schott M, Wangorsch A, Vieths S, Jakob T, Scheurer S, Schülke S. Stimulation of naïve B cells with a fusion protein consisting of FlaA and Bet v 1 induces regulatory B cells ex vivo. Allergy 2023; 78:663-681. [PMID: 36196479 DOI: 10.1111/all.15542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The experimental fusion protein rFlaA:Betv1 was shown to efficiently suppress allergen-specific sensitization in mice. However, the detailed mechanism of rFlaA:Betv1-mediated immune modulation is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of rFlaA:Betv1 on naïve murine B cells. METHODS Immune modulating capacity of rFlaA:Betv1 was screened in IL-10 reporter mice. B cells were isolated from spleens of naïve C57Bl/6, TLR5-/- , or MyD88-/- mice, stimulated with rFlaA:Betv1 and controls, and monitored for the expression of the regulatory B cell markers CD1d, CD24, CD38, and surface IgM by flow cytometry. Secreted cytokines, antibodies, and reactivity of the induced antibodies were investigated by ELISA and intracellular flow cytometry. Suppressive capacity of rFlaA:Betv1-stimulated B cells was tested in mDC:CD4+ T cell:B cell triple cultures. RESULTS Upon in vivo application of rFlaA:Betv1 into IL-10-GFP reporter mice, CD19+ B cells were shown to produce anti-inflammatory IL-10, suggesting B cells to contribute to the immune-modulatory properties of rFlaA:Betv1. rFlaA:Betv1-induced IL-10 secretion was confirmed in human B cells isolated from buffy coats. In vitro stimulation of naïve murine B cells with rFlaA:Betv1 resulted in an mTOR- and MyD88-dependent production of IL-10 and rFlaA:Betv1 induced Bet v 1-reactive IgG production, which was not observed for IgA. rFlaA:Betv1-stimulated B cells formed a CD19+ CD24+ CD1d+ IgM+ CD38+ Breg subpopulation capable of suppressing Bet v 1-induced TH2 cytokine secretion in vitro. CONCLUSION rFlaA:Betv1 can act as a thymus-independent B cell antigen, stimulating the mTOR- and MyD88-dependent differentiation of B cells displaying a regulatory phenotype, IL-10 secretion, antigen-binding antibody production, and a suppressive capacity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yen-Ju Lin
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Clara Meier
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Britta Dorn
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | | | - Annette Jamin
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Maike Schott
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Vieths
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Thilo Jakob
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Justus Liebig University, Gießen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Schülke
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
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Current advances in house dust mite allergen immunotherapy (AIT): Routes of administration, biomarkers and molecular allergen profiling. Mol Immunol 2023; 155:124-134. [PMID: 36806944 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Allergy to house dust mites (HDM) is a perennial respiratory disease that affect more than half a billion people worldwide. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae, two HDM species, are major sources of indoor allergens triggering allergic inflammation. Although symptomatic drugs are widely used to block the allergic reaction, allergen immunotherapy is the only curative treatment of IgE-mediated type I respiratory allergies. In this article, we review recent advances in various routes of allergen immunotherapy. We particularly focus on subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual (SLIT) immunotherapy, used as a reference therapy since they have transformed allergic treatments by improving symptoms (asthma and rhinitis) as well as the quality of life of patients. We also highlight recent data in more exploratory routes (i.e., oral, intralymphatic, epicutaneous and intradermal) and discuss respective advantages of various route, as well as their foreseen modes of action. Finally, we provide an update on biomarkers as well as on the relevance of the molecular profiling of allergic individuals related to treatment efficacy or asthma prediction.
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31
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McGowan EC, Medernach J, Keshavarz B, Workman LJ, Li RC, Barnes BH, Sauer B, Wilson JM, Platts-Mills TAE. Food antigen consumption and disease activity affect food-specific IgG4 levels in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Clin Exp Allergy 2023; 53:307-315. [PMID: 35980663 PMCID: PMC9938092 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High levels of serum food-specific IgG4 (sIgG4) have been reported in patients with EoE. The objective of this study was to examine whether serum sIgG4 levels to foods and aeroallergens are higher in EoE patients than allergic controls and to investigate the association between sIgG4 and EoE clinical characteristics. METHODS This was a case-control study nested in a prospective EoE Cohort. EoE cases were defined per consensus guidelines, and controls were individuals with symptoms who were confirmed to be EoE-negative on upper endoscopy. Demographic and clinical information was prospectively collected. Serum IgE and sIgG4 were measured to foods and aeroallergens by ImmunoCAP. Mean levels of sIgG4 were compared between cases and controls, and logistic regression models were used to examine predictors of elevated milk sIgG4 levels. RESULTS The analysis included 123 individuals (EoE n = 93, control n = 30) with a similar distribution of allergic disease between EoE patients and controls (86% vs. 93%; p = .30). EoE patients had significantly higher sIgG4 levels to all allergens evaluated, with the exception of birch (p = .24). Milk sIgG4 levels were independently associated with milk consumption (OR 4.95; p = .01) and the presence of sIgE to milk (OR 4.23; p = .008). CONCLUSION Serum sIgG4 levels to food and aeroallergen proteins were higher in patients with EoE than non-EoE controls, and higher levels of milk sIgG4 were independently associated with milk consumption and the presence of sIgE to milk proteins. Whether sIgG4 plays a pathogenic role in EoE or could be used as an EoE biomarker remains unknown and warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C McGowan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan Medernach
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology/Nutrition, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Behnam Keshavarz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Lisa J Workman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Rung-Chi Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Barrett H Barnes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology/Nutrition, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Bryan Sauer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Thomas A E Platts-Mills
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Figo DD, Cordeiro Macedo PR, Gadermaier G, Remuzgo C, Castro FFM, Kalil J, Galvão CES, Santos KS. IgE and IgG4 Epitopes of Dermatophagoides and Blomia Allergens before and after Sublingual Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044173. [PMID: 36835585 PMCID: PMC9958541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is used worldwide to treat house dust mites (HDM) allergy. Epitope specific immunotherapy with peptide vaccines is used far less, but it is of great interest in the treatment of allergic reactions, as it precludes the drawbacks of allergen extracts. The ideal peptide candidates would bind to IgG, blocking IgE-binding. To better elucidate IgE and IgG4 epitope profiles during SLIT, sequences of main allergens, Der p 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 23 and Blo t 5, 6, 12, 13, were included in a 15-mer peptide microarray and tested against pooled sera from 10 patients pre- and post-1-year SLIT. All allergens were recognized to some extent by at least one antibody isotype and peptide diversity was higher post-1-year SLIT for both antibodies. IgE recognition diversity varied among allergens and timepoints without a clear tendency. Der p 10, a minor allergen in temperate regions, was the molecule with more IgE-peptides and might be a major allergen in populations highly exposed to helminths and cockroaches, such as Brazil. SLIT-induced IgG4 epitopes were directed against several, but not all, IgE-binding regions. We selected a set of peptides that recognized only IgG4 or were able to induce increased ratios of IgG4:IgE after one year of treatment and might be potential targets for vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Danella Figo
- LIM-19, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Rios Cordeiro Macedo
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Servico de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Cesar Remuzgo
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Fábio Fernandes Morato Castro
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Servico de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia (iii-INCT), Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Jorge Kalil
- LIM-19, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia (iii-INCT), Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Clovis Eduardo Santos Galvão
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Servico de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Keity Souza Santos
- LIM-19, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia (iii-INCT), Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Furci F, Caminati M, Crisafulli E, Senna G, Gangemi S. The intriguing possibility of using probiotics in allergen-specific immunotherapy. World Allergy Organ J 2023; 16:100751. [PMID: 36852412 PMCID: PMC9958496 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) can be considered the etiological therapy for allergic rhinitis and hymenoptera venom allergy. Its role is increasingly emerging in the context of IgE mediated food allergy, where the achievement of tolerance, or the permanent resolution of an allergy, represents the optimal goal of AIT. AIT treatment, indicated in adults and children with allergic rhinitis, has a preventative effect on the development of asthma and can also be used when asthma is associated to rhinitis; however, it is not the first choice for treatment of isolated asthma. While knowledge on immunological mechanisms, efficacy, and safety of AIT is known, an intriguing line of investigation has arisen on how the action of AIT is modulated by the use of probiotics, starting from awareness that the microbiome is altered in allergic conditions: the use of probiotics in inducing the stimulation of innate immunity via toll-like receptor activation, thus acting as adjuvants in AIT, is hereby examined. Therefore, by analyzing literature on AIT and probiotics, we intend to draw attention to how the role and use of AIT are emerging as being increasingly important for both the short- and long-term management of allergic diseases and how recourse probiotics may represent an additional therapeutic strategy to modulate the effectiveness of AIT. However, further investigations are needed to better identify which probiotics to use, the dosage, and the optimal duration to obtain correct immunomodulation, and how to best customize their use, including a "AIT + probiotics" strategy in the field of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Furci
- Asthma Centre and Allergy Unit, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Caminati
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy,Corresponding author. Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy.
| | - Ernesto Crisafulli
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianenrico Senna
- Asthma Centre and Allergy Unit, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy,Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinico “G. Martino”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Magnan A, Nicolas JF, Caimmi D, Vocanson M, Haddad T, Colas L, Scurati S, Mascarell L, Shamji MH. Deciphering Differential Behavior of Immune Responses as the Foundation for Precision Dosing in Allergen Immunotherapy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020324. [PMID: 36836557 PMCID: PMC9964800 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Like in many fields of medicine, the concept of precision dosing has re-emerged in routine practice in allergology. Only one retrospective study on French physicians' practice has addressed this topic so far and generated preliminary data supporting dose adaptation, mainly based on experience, patient profile understanding and response to treatment. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors shape the individual immune system response to allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Herein, we focus on key immune cells (i.e., dendritic cells, innate lymphoid cells, B and T cells, basophils and mast cells) involved in allergic disease and its resolution to further understand the effect of AIT on the phenotype, frequency or polarization of these cells. We strive to discriminate differences in immune responses between responders and non-responders to AIT, and discuss the eligibility of a non/low-responder subset for dose adaptation. A differential behavior in immune cells is clearly observed in responders, highlighting the importance of conducting clinical trials with large cohorts of well-characterized subjects to decipher the immune mechanism of AIT. We conclude that there is a need for designing new clinical and mechanistic studies to support the scientific rationale of dose adaptation in the interest of patients who do not properly respond to AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Magnan
- INRAe UMR 0892, Hôpital Foch, Université de Versailles Saint Quentin, Paris-Saclay, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Jean-François Nicolas
- CIRI-International Center for Infectiology Research, INSERM U1111, Lyon1 University, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5308, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Davide Caimmi
- Allergy Unit, Department Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, University Hospital of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Vocanson
- CIRI-International Center for Infectiology Research, INSERM U1111, Lyon1 University, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5308, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Haddad
- Dermatology, Allergology and Vascular Medicine, Tenon Hospital, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Luc Colas
- Plateforme Transversale d’Allergologie, Clinique Dermatologique, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
- UMR 1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, INSERM, Nantes Université, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Silvia Scurati
- Stallergenes Greer, 92160 Antony, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-6-12-88-40-93
| | | | - Mohamed H. Shamji
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London W2 1NY, UK
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Gon Y, Kandou T, Tsuruyama T, Iwasaki T, Kitagori K, Murakami K, Nakashima R, Akizuki S, Morinobu A, Hikida M, Mimori T, Yoshifuji H. Increased number of T cells and exacerbated inflammatory pathophysiology in a human IgG4 knock-in MRL/lpr mouse model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279389. [PMID: 36763580 PMCID: PMC9916631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 is an IgG subclass that can exhibit inhibitory functions under certain conditions because of its capacity to carry out Fab-arm exchange, inability to form immune complexes, and lack of antibody-dependent and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Although several diseases have been associated with IgG4, its role in the disease pathogeneses remains unclear. Since mice do not express an IgG subclass that is identical to the human IgG4 (hIgG4), we generated hIGHG4 knock-in (KI) mice and analyzed their phenotypes. To preserve the rearrangement of the variable, diversity, and joining regions in the IGH gene, we transfected a constant region of the hIGHG4 gene into C57BL/6NCrSlc mice by using a gene targeting method. Although the mRNA expression of hIGHG4 was detected in the murine spleen, the serum level of the hIgG4 protein was low in C57BL/6-IgG4KI mice. To enhance the production of IgG4, we established an MRL/lpr-IgG4KI mice model by backcrossing. These mice showed a high IgG4 concentration in the sera and increased populations of IgG4-positive plasma cells and CD3+B220+CD138+ T cells in the spleen. Moreover, these mice showed aggravated inflammation in organs, such as the salivary glands and stomach. The MRL/lpr-IgG4KI mouse model established in the present study might be useful for studying IgG4-related disease, IgG4-type antibody-related diseases, and allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Gon
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsugumitsu Kandou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Pathology Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasaki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Kitagori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kosaku Murakami
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ran Nakashima
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Akizuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Morinobu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Hikida
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Tsuneyo Mimori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Yoshifuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Rodríguez-Vázquez V, López-Freire S, Méndez-Brea P, González-Fernández MT, Hernández-Pérez C, Vidal C. [Basophil activation test to follow-up of patients treated with hymenoptera venom immunotherapy: a review of current evidence]. REVISTA ALERGIA MÉXICO 2023; 69:125-137. [PMID: 36869012 DOI: 10.29262/ram.v69i3.1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (HVI) is a long-term effective treatment to avoid new systemic reactions in patients with Hymenoptera allergy. The sting challenge test is considered the gold standard to confirm the tolerance. However, the use of this technique is not generalized in clinical practice, being the basophil activation test (BAT), which functionally explores allergen response, an alternative that does not entail any of the provocation risks associated with the sting challenge test. This study reviews the publications that used the BAT to follow up and evaluate the success of the HVI. Studies assessing the changes between a baseline BAT before the start and BATs performed between the starting and maintenance phases of the HVI were selected. Ten articles were found, comprising information from 167 patients, of which 29% used the sting challenge test. The studies concluded the importance of evaluating the responses with submaximal allergen concentrations, which reflect basophil sensitivity, to monitor the HVI using the BAT. It was also observed that changes in the maximum response (reactivity) could not reflect the clinical status of tolerance, particularly in the initial phases of HVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Rodríguez-Vázquez
- Servicio de Alergología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, España.
| | - Sara López-Freire
- Servicio de Alergología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, España
| | - Paula Méndez-Brea
- Servicio de Alergología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, España
| | | | | | - Carmen Vidal
- Servicio de Alergología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, España.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, España
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Warmenhoven H, Leboux R, Bethanis A, van Strien J, Logiantara A, van Schijndel H, Aglas L, van Rijt L, Slütter B, Kros A, Jiskoot W, van Ree R. Cationic liposomes bearing Bet v 1 by coiled coil-formation are hypo-allergenic and induce strong immunogenicity in mice. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 3:1092262. [PMID: 36704756 PMCID: PMC9872006 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.1092262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aluminum hydroxide (alum) is widely accepted and used as safe vaccine adjuvant, there is some concern about possible toxicity upon long-lasting repeated exposure during subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT). Our objective was to evaluate allergen-bearing liposomes as possible alternative for alum-adsorption in SCIT. A self-assembling, coiled-coil forming peptide pair was used to anchor the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 to the surface of cationic liposomes. The resulting nanoparticulate liposomes were characterized with respect to their physicochemical, allergenic and immunological properties. Allergenicity was studied by ImmunoCAP inhibition and rat basophil leukemia (RBL) cell assays. Immunogenicity (immunoglobulin responses) and immune skewing (cytokine responses) were evaluated upon immunization of naïve mice, and compared to alum-adsorbed Bet v 1. Bet v 1-bearing cationic liposomes with a diameter of ∼200 nm showed a positive zeta potential. The coiled-coil conjugation of Bet v 1 to the surface of liposomes resulted in about a 15-fold lower allergenicity than soluble Bet v 1 as judged by RBL assays. Moreover, the nanoparticles induced Bet v 1-specific IgG1/IgG2a responses in mice that were several orders of magnitude higher than those induced by alum-adsorbed Bet v 1. This strong humoral response was accompanied by a relatively strong IL-10 induction upon PBMC stimulation with Bet v 1. In conclusion, their hypo-allergenic properties, combined with their capacity to induce a strong humoral immune response and a relatively strong IL-10 production, makes these allergen-covered cationic liposomes a promising alternative for aluminum salt-adsorption of allergen currently used in SCIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Warmenhoven
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- HAL Allergy BV, J.H. Oortweg, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Romain Leboux
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Jolinde van Strien
- Department of Supramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Adrian Logiantara
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Lorenz Aglas
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Leonie van Rijt
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bram Slütter
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Department of Supramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Súkeníková L, Černý V, Thon T, Roubalová R, Jirásková Zákostelská Z, Novotná O, Petrásková P, Boráková K, Kocourková I, Lodinová-Žádníková R, Musil Z, Kolářová L, Prokešová L, Valenta Z, Hrdý J. Effect of early postnatal supplementation of newborns with probiotic strain E. coli O83:K24:H31 on allergy incidence, dendritic cells, and microbiota. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1038328. [PMID: 36703968 PMCID: PMC9872645 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Probiotic administration seems to be a rational approach to promote maturation of the neonatal immune system. Mutual interaction of the microbiota with the host immune system is critical for the setting of appropriate immune responses including a tolerogenic one and thevmaintenance of homeostasis. On the other hand, our knowledge on the modes of actions of probiotics is still scarce. Methods In our study, probiotic strain Escherichia coli O83:K24:H31 (EcO83) was administered to neonates of allergic mothers (AMs; neonates with increased risk for allergy development) within 48 h after the delivery, and the impact of this early postnatal supplementation on allergy incidence and selected immune markers has been analyzed 10 years after the primary EcO83 administration. Results We have observed decreased allergy incidence in 10-year-old children supplemented with EcO83 (13 of 52 children were allergic) in comparison with non-supplemented children of AMs (16 of 42 children were allergic). The early postnatal EcO83 supplementation appeared to limit the allergy in the high-risk group (children of AMs) compared to that in the low-risk group (children of healthy mothers). Dendritic cells (DCs) in the peripheral blood of EcO83-supplemented children do not differ significantly in cell surface presence of CD83. The immunomodulatory capacity of EcO83 on DCs was tested in vitro as well. Both directly isolated myeloid and in vitro monocyte-derived DCs from cord blood increased CD83 expression together with interleukin (IL)-10 secretion after EcO83 stimulation. The effect of early postnatal EcO83 supplementation on the microbiota composition of 10-year-old children was characterized by next-generation sequencing, and we have not observed significant changes in the microbiota composition of EcO83-supplemented and non-supplemented children at the age of 10 years. Conclusions Early postnatal EcO83 supplementation appears to lower allergy incidence in children of AMs. It seems that the beneficial effect of EcO83 is mediated via modulation of DC functional capacities without impacting the microbiota composition. Larger-scale studies will be necessary to confirm these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Súkeníková
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Viktor Černý
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Thon
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radka Roubalová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Olga Novotná
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petra Petrásková
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kristýna Boráková
- Department of Neonatology, Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ingrid Kocourková
- Department of Neonatology, Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Zdeněk Musil
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Libuše Kolářová
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ludmila Prokešová
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zdeněk Valenta
- Department of Statistical Modelling, Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiří Hrdý
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,*Correspondence: Jiří Hrdý,
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Ruslan A, Okosieme OE. Non-thionamide antithyroid drug options in Graves' hyperthyroidism. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023; 18:67-79. [PMID: 36740774 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2167709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The thionamide anti-thyroid drugs namely carbimazole, methimazole, and propylthiouracil, have been the predominant therapy modality for Graves' hyperthyroidism for over 60 years. Although these agents have proven efficacy and favorable side-effect profiles, non-thionamide alternatives are occasionally indicated in patients who are intolerant or unresponsive to thionamides alone. This review examines the available non-thionamide drug options for the control of Graves' hyperthyroidism and summarizes their clinical utility, efficacy, and limitations. AREAS COVERED We reviewed existing literature on mechanisms, therapeutic utility, and side-effect profiles of non-thionamide anti-thyroid drugs. Established non-thionamide agents act on various phases of the synthesis, release, and metabolism of thyroid hormones and comprise historical agents such as iodine compounds and potassium perchlorate as well as drug repurposing candidates like lithium, glucocorticoids, beta-blockers, and cholestyramine. Novel experimental agents in development target key players in Graves' disease pathogenesis including B-cell depletors (Rituximab), CD40 blockers (Iscalimab), TSH-receptor antagonists, blocking antibodies, and immune-modifying peptides. EXPERT OPINION Non-thionamide anti-thyroid drugs are useful alternatives in Graves' hyperthyroidism and more clinical trials are needed to establish their safety and long-term efficacy in hyperthyroidism control. Ultimately, the promise for a cure will lie in novel approaches that target the well-established immunopathogenesis of Graves' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Ruslan
- Endocrine and Diabetes Department, Prince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf University Health Board, Merthyr Tydfil, CF47 9DT, UK
| | - Onyebuchi E Okosieme
- Endocrine and Diabetes Department, Prince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf University Health Board, Merthyr Tydfil, CF47 9DT, UK
- Thyroid Research Group, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
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Treating allergies via skin - Recent advances in cutaneous allergen immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114458. [PMID: 35850371 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy has been practiced clinically for decades to treat airborne allergies. Recently, the cutaneous route, which exploits the immunocompetence of the skin has received attention, which is evident from attempts to use it to treat peanut allergy. Delivery of allergens into the skin is inherently impeded by the barrier imposed by stratum corneum, the top layer of the skin. While the stratum corneum barrier must be overcome for efficient allergen delivery, excessive disruption of this layer can predispose to development of allergic inflammation. Thus, the most desirable allergen delivery approach must provide a balance between the level of skin disruption and the amount of allergen delivered. Such an approach should aim to achieve high allergen delivery efficiency across various skin types independent of age and ethnicity, and optimize variables such as safety profile, allergen dosage, treatment frequency, application time and patient compliance. The ability to precisely quantify the amount of allergen being delivered into the skin is crucial since it can allow for allergen dose optimization and can promote consistency and reproducibility in treatment response. In this work we review prominent cutaneous delivery approaches, and offer a perspective on further improvisation in cutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy.
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López JF, Bel Imam M, Satitsuksanoa P, Lems S, Yang M, Hwang YK, Losol P, Choi JP, Kim SH, Chang YS, Akdis M, Akdis CA, van de Veen W. Mechanisms and biomarkers of successful allergen-specific immunotherapy. Asia Pac Allergy 2022; 12:e45. [PMID: 36452016 PMCID: PMC9669467 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2022.12.e45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is considered the only curative treatment for allergic diseases mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). Currently, the route of administration depends both on the different types of causal allergens and on its effectiveness and safety profile. Several studies have reported the mechanisms and changes in humoral and cellular response underlying AIT; however, the full picture remains unknown. Knowledge of who can benefit from this type of treatment is urgently needed due to the patient safety risks and costs of AIT. In vivo or in vitro biomarkers have become a strategy to predict clinical outcomes in precision medicine. There are currently no standardized biomarkers that allow determining successful responses to AIT, however, some studies have found differences between responders and nonresponders. In addition, different candidates have been postulated that may have the potential to become biomarkers. In this review, we aim to summarize the findings to date related to biomarkers in different IgE-mediated allergic diseases (respiratory, food, and venom allergy) with the potential to define who will benefit from AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Felipe López
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Manal Bel Imam
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Sophieke Lems
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Minglin Yang
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yu-Kyoung Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Purevsuren Losol
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Pyo Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The numerous links between allergic rhinitis and asthma have been extensively explored in the last two decades, gaining great concern within the scientific community. These two conditions frequently coexist in the same patient and share numerous pathogenetic and pathophysiological mechanisms. AREAS COVERED We reviewed major pathophysiological, epidemiological, and clinical links between allergic rhinitis and asthma. We also provided a comprehensive discussion of allergic rhinitis treatment according to current guidelines, with a particular focus on the relevance of allergic rhinitis therapies in patients with comorbid asthma. EXPERT OPINION We believe that there are several unmet needs for our patients, however, there are promising advances forecasted for the future. Although allergic rhinitis is a recognized risk factor for asthma, a proper asthma detection and prevention plan in allergic rhinitis patients is not available. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) represents a promising preventive strategy and may deserve an earlier positioning in allergic rhinitis management. A multidisciplinary approach should characterize the journey of patients with respiratory allergies, with an adequate referral to specialized Allergy/Asthma centers. Molecular Allergy Diagnosis may provide support for optimal AIT use. Finally, a possible evolution of biological treatment can be envisaged, mainly if biosimilars decrease such therapies' costs.
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43
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López-Sanz C, Jiménez-Saiz R, Esteban V, Delgado-Dolset MI, Perales-Chorda C, Villaseñor A, Barber D, Escribese MM. Mast Cell Desensitization in Allergen Immunotherapy. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:898494. [PMID: 35847161 PMCID: PMC9278139 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.898494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment with disease-transforming potential for allergic disorders. The immunological mechanisms associated with AIT can be divided along time in two phases: short-term, involving mast cell (MC) desensitization; and long-term, with a regulatory T cell (Treg) response with significant reduction of eosinophilia. This regulatory response is induced in about 70% of patients and lasts up to 3 years after AIT cessation. MC desensitization is characteristic of the initial phase of AIT and it is often related to its success. Yet, the molecular mechanisms involved in allergen-specific MC desensitization, or the connection between MC desensitization and the development of a Treg arm, are poorly understood. The major AIT challenges are its long duration, the development of allergic reactions during AIT, and the lack of efficacy in a considerable proportion of patients. Therefore, reaching a better understanding of the immunology of AIT will help to tackle these short-comings and, particularly, to predict responder-patients. In this regard, omics strategies are empowering the identification of predictive and follow-up biomarkers in AIT. Here, we review the immunological mechanisms underlying AIT with a focus on MC desensitization and AIT-induced adverse reactions. Also, we discuss the identification of novel biomarkers with predictive potential that could improve the rational use of AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia López-Sanz
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez-Saiz
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Madrid, Spain
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Vanesa Esteban
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Delgado-Dolset
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Perales-Chorda
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alma Villaseñor
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Barber
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
| | - María M. Escribese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Díez, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: María M. Escribese
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Klimek L, Brehler R, Mösges R, Demoly P, Mullol J, Wang DY, O'Hehir RE, Didier A, Kopp M, Bos C, Karagiannis E. Update about Oralair® as a treatment for grass pollen allergic rhinitis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2066424. [PMID: 35704772 PMCID: PMC9302518 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2066424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a well-tolerated, safe, and effective approach to treating allergic rhinitis (AR). Oralair® is a five-grass pollen SLIT tablet containing natural pollen allergens from five of the major grass species responsible for seasonal AR due to grass pollen allergy. Recommended use is in a pre-coseasonal regimen, starting daily treatment approximately 4 months before the start of the pollen season, with treatment then continued daily throughout the season; treatment should continue for 3–5 y. Clinical efficacy and safety of Oralair® in patients with grass pollen-induced AR has been demonstrated in a comprehensive clinical development program of randomized controlled trials. Effectiveness has been substantiated in subsequent observational studies with sustained efficacy following treatment cessation and a favorable level of adherence, quality of life, benefit, and satisfaction for the patients. Supportive evidence for a benefit in reducing the risk or delaying the development of allergic asthma is emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Klimek
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - R Brehler
- Department of Skin Diseases, Outpatient Clinic for Allergology, Occupational Dermatology and Environmental Medicine, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - R Mösges
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (IMSB), Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CRI - Clinical Research International Ltd, Hamburg, Germany.,ClinCompetence Cologne GmbH, Cologne, Germany
| | - P Demoly
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pulmonology, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université, Equipe EPAR - IPLESPUMR-S 1136 INSERM-Sorbonne, Paris, France
| | - J Mullol
- Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic; Clinical & Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Y Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R E O'Hehir
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Didier
- Pôle des Voies Respiratoires, Hôpital Larrey, CHU de Toulouse and Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan, INSERM U1043, CNRS UMR 5282, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - M Kopp
- Clinic of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Lübeck University, Lübeck, Germany
| | - C Bos
- Global Medical Affairs Department, Stallergenes Greer, Antony, France
| | - E Karagiannis
- Global Medical Affairs Department, Stallergenes Greer, Antony, France
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Farhadi Biregani A, Khodadadi A, Doosti A, Asadirad A, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Ghadiri AA. Allergen specific immunotherapy with plasmid DNA encoding OVA-immunodominant T cell epitope fused to Tregitope in a murine model of allergy. Cell Immunol 2022; 376:104534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ahlbeck L, Ahlberg E, Björkander J, Aldén C, Papapavlou G, Palmberg L, Nyström U, Retsas P, Nordenfelt P, Togö T, Johansen P, Rolander B, Duchén K, Jenmalm MC. Intralymphatic immunotherapy with one or two allergens renders similar clinical response in patients with allergic rhinitis due to birch and grass pollen. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 52:747-759. [PMID: 35332591 PMCID: PMC9325375 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction There is a need for a fast, efficient and safe way to induce tolerance in patients with severe allergic rhinitis. Intralymphatic immune therapy has been shown to be effective. Methods Patients with severe birch and timothy allergy were randomized and received three doses of 0.1 ml of birch and 5‐grass allergen extracts (10,000 SQ units/ml, ALK‐Abelló), or birch and placebo or 5‐grass and placebo by ultrasound‐guided injections into inguinal lymph nodes at monthly intervals. Rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score, medication score and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire were evaluated before treatment and after each birch and grass pollen season during three subsequent years. Circulating proportions of T helper subsets and allergen‐induced cytokine and chemokine production were analysed by flow cytometry and Luminex. Results The three groups reported fewer symptoms, lower use of medication and improved quality of life during the birch and grass pollen seasons each year after treatment at an almost similar rate independently of treatment with one or two allergens. Mild local pain was the most common adverse event. IgE levels to birch decreased, whereas birch‐induced IL‐10 secretion increased in all three groups. IgG4 levels to birch and timothy and skin prick test reactivity remained mainly unchanged. Conjunctival challenge tests with timothy extract showed a higher threshold for allergen. In all three groups, regulatory T cell frequencies were increased 3 years after treatment. Conclusions Intralymphatic immunotherapy with one or two allergens in patients with grass and birch pollen allergy was safe, effective and may be associated with bystander immune modulatory responses. Clinical Trial Registration: EudraCT (2013‐004726‐28).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Ahlbeck
- Allergy Center, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Emelie Ahlberg
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Caroline Aldén
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Georgia Papapavlou
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Laura Palmberg
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ulla Nyström
- Allergy Center, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pavlos Retsas
- Allergy Center, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Totte Togö
- Allergy Center, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pål Johansen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bo Rolander
- Futurum, Academy of Health and Care, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Karel Duchén
- Allergy Center, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Children's and Women's Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria C Jenmalm
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Lu J, Ji X, Wang L, Sun F, Huang C, Peng H, Jiang Y, Guo Z, Liu X, Ji Y, Lu D. Interleukin‑27 ameliorates allergic asthma by alleviating the lung Th2 inflammatory environment. Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:86. [PMID: 35514302 PMCID: PMC9106376 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)‑27 can inhibit the differentiation of Th2 cells and plays a role in the development of asthma. However, whether the therapeutic administration of IL‑27 in a mouse model of asthma can inhibit allergic responses remains a matter of debate. Additionally, the mechanisms through which IL‑27 ameliorates inflammatory responses in asthma are not yet fully understood. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of IL‑27 on asthma using a mouse model and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. For this purpose, mice received an intranasal administration of IL‑27 and the total and differential cell counts, levels of cytokines and type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells in the lungs were detected. The protein and mRNA levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 and STAT3 were analyzed and airway remodeling was assessed. The results indicated that IL‑27 did not ameliorate airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remolding when administrated therapeutically. Preventatively, the administration of IL‑27 decreased the concentrations of Th2 cytokines and increased the number of Tr1 cells. The protein and mRNA levels of STAT1 and STAT3 were increased. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the prophylactic administration of IL‑27 ameliorates asthma by alleviating the lung Th2 inflammatory environment through the restoration of both the STAT1 and STAT3 pathways. IL‑27 may thus prove to be useful as a novel agent for the prevention of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Lu
- School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Ji
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Division of Disinfectant and Supply, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Sun
- Graduate School of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Chuanjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Institute of Anesthesia and Respiratory Critical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Peng
- Graduate School of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiu Jiang
- Graduate School of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Guo
- Graduate School of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Graduate School of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Yanbo Ji
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Degan Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shandong Institute of Anesthesia and Respiratory Critical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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48
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Fennis EEM, Damme CMM, Schlotter YM, Sinke JD, Leistra MHG, Bartels RT, Broere F. Efficacy of subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy in atopic dogs: A retrospective study of 664 cases. Vet Dermatol 2022; 33:321-e75. [PMID: 35635279 PMCID: PMC9544551 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is an allergic skin disease affecting approximately 10% of dogs. allergen‐specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is currently the only treatment option able to induce tolerance to the causative allergens. Objective To retrospectively establish the efficacy of ASIT in atopic dogs. Animals Client‐owned (n = 664) dogs with cAD presented between 2008 and 2018 to two dermatology referral clinics. Materials and Methods Clinical records of atopic dogs were reviewed to obtain information including the results of the intradermal skin test and/or allergen‐specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E serological results, the allergens included in the ASIT, concurrent symptomatic medications, and ASIT efficacy after at least 9 months. Results Excellent (ASIT alone controlled clinical signs), good (≥50% reduction of clinical signs) and poor (<50% improvement) responses were seen in 31.5%, 28.5% and 40.1% of the dogs, respectively. No significant differences in efficacy were associated with breed, sex, age at initiation of ASIT, type of allergens in ASIT, and between clinics. Dogs re‐examined regularly responded significantly better to ASIT than dogs that did not (>50% improvement in 69.3% and 55.4% of the dogs, respectively). Dogs treated with ASIT and concomitant systemic glucocorticoids showed a significantly poorer response (success rate of >50% improvement of 38.5%). Conclusions and clinical importance In 59.9% of atopic dogs, subcutaneous ASIT can improve clinical signs by ≥50%. The beneficial effect of ASIT is higher if dogs are re‐examined regularly and if systemic long‐term corticosteroids are avoided, at least during the first 9 months of ASIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien E. M. Fennis
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Catharina M. M. Damme
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Yvette M. Schlotter
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Femke Broere
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
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49
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Time-dependent effect of desensitization with wasp venom on selected parameters of the immune system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7206. [PMID: 35504938 PMCID: PMC9064979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of tolerance during Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a complex process. The main goal of VIT is to induce a change from proinflammatory Th2 response to the Th1 response. However, the immune mechanism of acquiring rapid tolerance during VIT has not yet been fully understood. Therefore, we have analyzed (in 4-time points: 0, 2, 6, and 24 weeks after the initiation phase of VIT) the concentration of complement C3, C4, and C5 components, lymphocyte subpopulations (flow cytometry), as well as histamine and tryptase serum concentrations of 43 patients with wasp venom allergy (III and IV Müller grade) classified to ultra-rush treatment and 18 volunteers as the control group (CG). We observed that VIT affected the immune system by inducing changes in the complement system (decreased C3 and C4 compartment protein concentrations) and "normalized" the percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the peripheral blood. Moreover, a significant increase in the percentage of nTreg in the blood of patients treated with VIT was observed. On the other hand, there were no changes in histamine or tryptase concentrations in the blood. Increased percentage of nTreg cells is a well-known mechanism by which VIT affects the immune system. Finally, VIT also modulated the concentrations of the complement components, which may be a previously unknown VIT mechanism of action.
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50
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Dai H, Zheng R, Wang L, Wan J, Tong Y, Zhao W, Zhang W. ICS/LABA Combined With Subcutaneous Immunotherapy Modulates the Th17/Treg Imbalance in Asthmatic Children. Front Immunol 2022; 13:779072. [PMID: 35355985 PMCID: PMC8960042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.779072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale The imbalance of T helper (Th17) cell and regulatory T (Treg) cell are involved in allergic asthma pathogenesis. We hypothesized that ICS/LABA could modulate the Th17/Treg imbalance and that subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) could coordinate with ICS/LABA to rebalance the dysfunction of Th17/Treg. Methods Thirty house dust mites (HDM) allergic asthmatic children and fifteen healthy control subjects were enrolled in this study. Fifteen asthmatic children were treated by ICS/LABA powder inhalation, while the other fifteen asthmatic children were treated by ICS/LABA powder inhalation combined with HDM-SCIT. Asthmatic subjects were followed up for 6 months, but 2 asthmatics treated with ICS/LABA were lost to follow-up. Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportions of Th17 and Treg in CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Serum levels of IL-17A and IL-10 were assessed by ELISA. Result ICS/LABA treatment significantly reduced the percentage of Th17 cells (1.252 ± 0.134% vs. 2.567 ± 0.386%), serum IL-17A (49.42 ± 2.643 pg/ml vs. 66.75 ± 3.442 pg/ml) and Th17/Treg ratio (0.194 ± 0.025 vs. 0.439 ± 0.072) compared to baseline (P<0.01). The ICS/LABA+HDM-SCIT treatment group showed similar reduction in the percentage of Th17 cells (1.11 ± 0.114% vs. 2.654 ± 0.276%), serum IL-17A (49.23 ± 2.131 pg/ml vs. 66.41 ± 2.616 pg/ml) and the Th17/Treg ratio (0.133 ± 0.015 vs. 0.4193 ± 0.050) (P<0.01). ICS/LABA+HDM-SCIT treatment group demonstrated elevated Treg percentages (8.483 ± 0.408% vs. 6.549 ± 0.299%) and serum IL-10 levels (127.4 ± 4.423 pg/ml vs. 93.15 ± 4.046 pg/ml), resulting in a lower Th17/Treg ratio than the ICS/LABA group. Conclusion ICS/LABA treatment regulates Th17/Treg imbalance mainly by mitigating Th17-induced inflammation in asthma patients. The addition of SCIT further enhanced such effect by upregulating Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Dai
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rongying Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Like Wang
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinyi Wan
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weixi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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