1
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Mascaretti F, Haider S, Amoroso C, Caprioli F, Ramai D, Ghidini M. Role of the Microbiome in the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Cancers. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:662-678. [PMID: 38411876 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stomach and esophageal cancers are among the highest mortality from cancers worldwide. Microbiota has an interplaying role within the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Dysbiosis occurs when a disruption of the balance between the microbiota and the host happens. With this narrative review, we discuss the main alterations in the microbiome of gastroesophageal cancer, revealing its potential role in the pathogenesis, early detection, and treatment. RESULTS Helicobacter pylori plays a major role the development of a cascade of preneoplastic conditions ranging from atrophic gastritis to metaplasia and dysplasia, ultimately culminating in gastric cancer, while other pathogenic agents are Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, and Lactobacillus. Campylobacter species (spp.)'s role in the progression of esophageal adenocarcinoma may parallel that of Helicobacter pylori in the context of gastric cancer, with other esophageal carcinogenic agents being Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Moreover, gut microbiome could significantly alter the outcomes of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The gut microbiome can be modulated through interventions such as antibiotics, probiotics, or prebiotics intake. Fecal microbiota transplantation has emerged as a therapeutic strategy as well. CONCLUSIONS Nowadays, it is widely accepted that changes in the normal gut microbiome causing dysbiosis and immune dysregulation play a role gastroesophageal cancer. Different interventions, including probiotics and prebiotics intake are being developed to improve therapeutic outcomes and mitigate toxicities associated with anticancer treatment. Further studies are required in order to introduce the microbiome among the available tools of precision medicine in the field of anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Mascaretti
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Salman Haider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Amoroso
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daryl Ramai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Via Sforza 28, Milan, Italy.
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2
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Wei X, Wang F, Tan P, Huang H, Wang Z, Xie J, Wang L, Liu D, Hu Z. The interactions between traditional Chinese medicine and gut microbiota in cancers: Current status and future perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107148. [PMID: 38522760 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota, known as the "forgotten organ" and "human second genome," comprises a complex microecosystem. It significantly influences the development of various tumors, including colorectal, liver, stomach, breast, and lung cancers, through both direct and indirect mechanisms. These mechanisms include the "gut-liver" axis, the "lung-intestine" axis, and interactions with the immune system. The intestinal flora exhibits dual roles in cancer, both promoting and suppressing its progression. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can alter cancer progression by regulating the intestinal flora. It modifies the intestinal flora's composition and structure, along with the levels of endogenous metabolites, thus affecting the intestinal barrier, immune system, and overall body metabolism. These actions contribute to TCM's significant antitumor effects. Moreover, the gut microbiota metabolizes TCM components, enhancing their antitumor properties. Therefore, exploring the interaction between TCM and the intestinal flora offers a novel perspective in understanding TCM's antitumor mechanisms. This paper succinctly reviews the association between gut flora and the development of tumors, including colorectal, liver, gastric, breast, and lung cancers. It further examines current research on the interaction between TCM and intestinal flora, with a focus on its antitumor efficacy. It identifies limitations in existing studies and suggests recommendations, providing insights into antitumor drug research and exploring TCM's antitumor effectiveness. Additionally, this paper aims to guide future research on TCM and the gut microbiota in antitumor studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Tan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huiming Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhuguo Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinxin Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Longyan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongxiao Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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3
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Jafarzadeh A, Jafarzadeh Z, Nemati M, Yoshimura A. The Interplay Between Helicobacter pylori and Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) Molecules in the Development of Gastric Cancer and Induction of Immune Response. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13105. [PMID: 38924222 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonizes the stomach and leads to the secretion of a vast range of cytokines by infiltrated leukocytes directing immune/inflammatory response against the bacterium. To regulate immune/inflammatory responses, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins bind to multiple signaling components located downstream of cytokine receptors, such as Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT). Dysfunctional SOCS proteins in immune cells may facilitate the immune evasion of H. pylori, allowing the bacteria to induce chronic inflammation. Dysregulation of SOCS expression and function can contribute to the sustained H. pylori-mediated gastric inflammation which can lead to gastric cancer (GC) development. Among SOCS molecules, dysregulated expression of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 were indicated in H. pylori-infected individuals as well as in GC tissues and cells. H. pylori-induced SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 dysregulation can contribute to the GC development. The expression of SOCS molecules can be influenced by various factors, such as epigenetic DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and gene polymorphisms. Modulation of the expression of SOCS molecules in gastric epithelial cells and immune cells can be considered to control gastric carcinogenesis as well as regulate antitumor immune responses, respectively. This review aimed to explain the interplay between H. pylori and SOCS molecules in GC development and immune response induction as well as to provide insights regarding potential therapeutic strategies modulating SOCS molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Shang R, Liao Y, Zheng X. Inhibition of Wnt Signaling by Atovaquone Inhibits Gastric Cancer and Enhances Chemotherapy Effectiveness Through Activation of Casein Kinase 1α. Nutr Cancer 2024; 76:452-462. [PMID: 38494910 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2328377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a driving force behind the progression of gastric cancer. Atovaquone, known as an antimalarial drug, has emerged as a potential candidate for anti-cancer therapy. This study investigated atovaquone's effects on gastric cancer and its underlying mechanisms. Using gastric cancer cell lines, we found that atovaquone, at concentrations relevant to clinical use, significantly reduced their viability. Notably, atovaquone exhibited a lower effectiveness in reducing the viability of normal gastric cells compared to gastric cancer cells. We further demonstrated that atovaquone inhibited gastric cancer growth and colony formation. Mechanism studies revealed that atovaquone inhibited mitochondrial respiration and induced oxidative stress. Experiments using ρ0 cells, deficient in mitochondrial respiration, indicated a slightly weaker effect of atovaquone on inducing apoptosis compared to wildtype cells. Atovaquone increased phosphorylated β-catenin at Ser45 and Ser33/37/Thr41, elevated Axin, and reduced β-catenin. The inhibitory effects of atovaquone on β-catenin were reversed upon depletion of CK1α. Furthermore, the combination of atovaquone with paclitaxel suppressed gastric cancer growth and improved overall survival in mice. Given that atovaquone is already approved for clinical use, these findings suggest its potential as a valuable addition to the drug arsenal available for treating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yingying Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuejiao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
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5
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Wu J, Zhang P, Mei W, Zeng C. Intratumoral microbiota: implications for cancer onset, progression, and therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1301506. [PMID: 38292482 PMCID: PMC10824977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1301506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant advancements have been made in comprehending the interactions between the microbiome and cancer. However, prevailing research predominantly directs its focus toward the gut microbiome, affording limited consideration to the interactions of intratumoral microbiota and tumors. Within the tumor microenvironment (TME), the intratumoral microbiome and its associated products wield regulatory influence, directing the modulation of cancer cell properties and impacting immune system functionality. However, to grasp a more profound insight into the intratumoral microbiota in cancer, further research into its underlying mechanisms is necessary. In this review, we delve into the intricate associations between intratumoral microbiota and cancer, with a specific focus on elucidating the significant contribution of intratumoral microbiota to the onset and advancement of cancer. Notably, we provide a detailed exploration of therapeutic advances facilitated by intratumoral microbiota, offering insights into recent developments in this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wuxuan Mei
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Changchun Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Mostaghimi T, Bahadoran E, Bakht M, Taheri S, Sadeghi H, Babaei A. Role of lncRNAs in Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric cancers. Life Sci 2024; 336:122316. [PMID: 38035995 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer (GC), and the role of co-infection with viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus, in carcinogenesis cannot be ignored. Furthermore, it is now known that genetic factors such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many diseases, including GC. On the other side, they can also be used as therapeutic goals. Modified lncRNAs can cause aberrant expression of genes encoding proximal proteins, which are essential for the development of carcinoma. In this review, we present the most recent studies on lncRNAs in GC, concentrating on their roles in H. pylori and EBV infections, and discuss some of the molecular mechanisms of these GC-related pathogens. There was also a discussion of the research gaps and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talieh Mostaghimi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Bahadoran
- School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakht
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shiva Taheri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hamid Sadeghi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Abouzar Babaei
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
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7
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Benešová I, Křížová Ľ, Kverka M. Microbiota as the unifying factor behind the hallmarks of cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:14429-14450. [PMID: 37555952 PMCID: PMC10590318 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The human microbiota is a complex ecosystem that colonizes body surfaces and interacts with host organ systems, especially the immune system. Since the composition of this ecosystem depends on a variety of internal and external factors, each individual harbors a unique set of microbes. These differences in microbiota composition make individuals either more or less susceptible to various diseases, including cancer. Specific microbes are associated with cancer etiology and pathogenesis and several mechanisms of how they drive the typical hallmarks of cancer were recently identified. Although most microbes reside in the distal gut, they can influence cancer initiation and progression in distant tissues, as well as modulate the outcomes of established cancer therapies. Here, we describe the mechanisms by which microbes influence carcinogenesis and discuss their current and potential future applications in cancer diagnostics and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Benešová
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 00, Prague 4-Krč, Czech Republic
| | - Ľudmila Křížová
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Kverka
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 00, Prague 4-Krč, Czech Republic.
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8
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Koval A, Xu J, Williams N, Schmolke M, Krause KH, Katanaev VL. Wnt-Independent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0482722. [PMID: 37367224 PMCID: PMC10433849 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04827-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway within host cells regulates infections by several pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Recent studies suggested that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection depends on β-catenin and can be inhibited by the antileprotic drug clofazimine. Since clofazimine has been identified by us as a specific inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, these works could indicate a potential role of the Wnt pathway in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we show that the Wnt pathway is active in pulmonary epithelial cells. However, we find that in multiple assays, SARS-CoV-2 infection is insensitive to Wnt inhibitors, including clofazimine, acting at different levels within the pathway. Our findings assert that endogenous Wnt signaling in the lung is unlikely required or involved in the SARS-CoV-2 infection and that pharmacological inhibition of this pathway with clofazimine or other compounds is not a universal way to develop treatments against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. IMPORTANCE The development of inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 infection remains a need of utmost importance. The Wnt signaling pathway in host cells is often implicated in infections by bacteria and viruses. In this work, we show that, despite previous indications, pharmacological modulation of the Wnt pathway does not represent a promising strategy to control SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Koval
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jiabin Xu
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nathalia Williams
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mirco Schmolke
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir L. Katanaev
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
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9
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Jamal Eddin TM, Nasr SM, Gupta I, Zayed H, Al Moustafa AE. Helicobacter pylori and epithelial mesenchymal transition in human gastric cancers: An update of the literature. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18945. [PMID: 37609398 PMCID: PMC10440535 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, a multifactorial disease, is considered one of the most common malignancies worldwide. In addition to genetic and environmental risk factors, infectious agents, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) contribute to the onset and development of gastric cancer. H. pylori is a type I carcinogen that colonizes the gastric epithelium of approximately 50% of the world's population, thus increasing the risk of gastric cancer development. On the other hand, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process crucial to embryogenic growth, wound healing, organ fibrosis and cancer progression. Several studies associate gastric pathogen infection of the epithelium with EMT initiation, provoking cancer metastasis in the gastric mucosa through various molecular signaling pathways. Additionally, EMT is implicated in the progression and development of H. pylori-associated gastric cancer. In this review, we recapitulate recent findings elucidating the association between H. pylori infection in EMT promotion leading to gastric cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tala M. Jamal Eddin
- College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahd M.O. Nasr
- College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 2M1, Canada
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10
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Catalano T, Selvaggi F, Esposito DL, Cotellese R, Aceto GM. Infectious Agents Induce Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Deregulation in Primary Liver Cancers. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1632. [PMID: 37512809 PMCID: PMC10386003 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interaction between infectious agents and liver tissue, as well as repeated and extreme biological events beyond adaptive capacities, may result in pathological conditions predisposing people to development of primary liver cancers (PLCs). In adults, PLCs mainly comprise hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Various infectious agents in the hepatic microenvironment can destabilize normal liver cell functions by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway components. Among them, hepatotropic viruses B, C, and D are involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling dysregulation. Other microbial agents, including oncogenic viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papilloma virus (HPV), bacteria, e.g., Mycoplasma hyorhinis and Salmonella Typhi, the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, the fungus Aspergillus flavus, and liver flukes such as Clonorchissinensis or Opisthorchis viverrini, may induce malignant transformation in hepatocytes or in target cells of the biliary tract through aberrant Wnt signaling activation. This review focuses on new insights into infectious agents implicated in the deregulation of Wnt signaling and PLC development. Since the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a driver of cancer following viral and bacterial infections, molecules inhibiting the complex axis of Wnt signaling could represent novel therapeutic approaches in PLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Catalano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federico Selvaggi
- Unit of General Surgery, ASL2 Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, Ospedale Clinicizzato SS Annunziata, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Diana Liberata Esposito
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Villa Serena Foundation for Research, 65013 Città Sant'Angelo, Italy
| | - Gitana Maria Aceto
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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11
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Kashyap D, Rele S, Bagde PH, Saini V, Chatterjee D, Jain AK, Pandey RK, Jha HC. Comprehensive insight into altered host cell-signaling cascades upon Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus infections in cancer. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:262. [PMID: 37310490 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by mutagenic events that lead to disrupted cell signaling and cellular functions. It is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Literature suggests that pathogens, mainly Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), have been associated with the etiology of human cancer. Notably, their co-infection may lead to gastric cancer. Pathogen-mediated DNA damage could be the first and crucial step in the carcinogenesis process that modulates numerous cellular signaling pathways. Altogether, it dysregulates the metabolic pathways linked with cell growth, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Modulation in these pathways leads to abnormal growth and proliferation. Several signaling pathways such RTK, RAS/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, NFκB, JAK/STAT, HIF1α, and Wnt/β-catenin are known to be altered in cancer. Therefore, this review focuses on the oncogenic roles of H. pylori, EBV, and its associated signaling cascades in various cancers. Scrutinizing these signaling pathways is crucial and may provide new insights and targets for preventing and treating H. pylori and EBV-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kashyap
- Lab No. POD 1B 602, Infection Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India
| | - Samiksha Rele
- Lab No. POD 1B 602, Infection Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India
| | - Pranit Hemant Bagde
- Lab No. POD 1B 602, Infection Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India
| | - Vaishali Saini
- Lab No. POD 1B 602, Infection Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India
| | | | | | - Rajan Kumar Pandey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Lab No. POD 1B 602, Infection Bio-Engineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India.
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, Indore, India.
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12
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Choi EL, Taheri N, Chandra A, Hayashi Y. Cellular Senescence, Inflammation, and Cancer in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9810. [PMID: 37372958 PMCID: PMC10298598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to modern medical advancements, greater proportions of the population will continue to age with longer life spans. Increased life span, however, does not always correlate with improved health span, and may result in an increase in aging-related diseases and disorders. These diseases are often attributed to cellular senescence, in which cells become disengaged from the cell cycle and inert to cell death. These cells are characterized by a proinflammatory secretome. The proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype, although part of a natural function intended to prevent further DNA damage, creates a microenvironment suited to tumor progression. This microenvironment is most evident in the gastrointestinal tract (GI), where a combination of bacterial infections, senescent cells, and inflammatory proteins can lead to oncogenesis. Thus, it is important to find potential senescence biomarkers as targets of novel therapies for GI diseases and disorders including cancers. However, finding therapeutic targets in the GI microenvironment to reduce the risk of GI tumor onset may also be of value. This review summarizes the effects of cellular senescence on GI aging, inflammation, and cancers, and aims to improve our understanding of these processes with a goal of enhancing future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egan L. Choi
- Graduate Research Education Program (Choi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Negar Taheri
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (Taheri, Chandra and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (N.T.); (A.C.)
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Taheri and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Abhishek Chandra
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (Taheri, Chandra and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (N.T.); (A.C.)
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging (Chandra), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (Taheri, Chandra and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (N.T.); (A.C.)
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Taheri and Hayashi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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13
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Pani G. Fusobacterium & Co. at the Stem of Cancer: Microbe-Cancer Stem Cell Interactions in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092583. [PMID: 37174049 PMCID: PMC10177588 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells lie at the crossroads of tissue repair, inflammation, and malignancy. Intestinal microbiota and microbe-host interactions are pivotal to maintaining gut homeostasis and response to injury, and participate in colorectal carcinogenesis. Yet, limited knowledge is available on whether and how bacteria directly crosstalk with intestinal stem cells (ISC), particularly cancerous stem-like cells (CR-CSC), as engines for colorectal cancer initiation, maintenance, and metastatic dissemination. Among several bacterial species alleged to initiate or promote colorectal cancer (CRC), the pathobiont Fusobacterium Nucleatum has recently drawn significant attention for its epidemiologic association and mechanistic linkage with the disease. We will therefore focus on current evidence for an F. nucleatum-CRCSC axis in tumor development, highlighting the commonalities and differences between F. nucleatum-associated colorectal carcinogenesis and gastric cancer driven by Helicobacter Pylori. We will explore the diverse facets of the bacteria-CSC interaction, analyzing the signals and pathways whereby bacteria either confer "stemness" properties to tumor cells or primarily target stem-like elements within the heterogeneous tumor cell populations. We will also discuss the extent to which CR-CSC cells are competent for innate immune responses and participate in establishing a tumor-promoting microenvironment. Finally, by capitalizing on the expanding knowledge of how the microbiota and ISC crosstalk in intestinal homeostasis and response to injury, we will speculate on the possibility that CRC arises as an aberrant repair response promoted by pathogenic bacteria upon direct stimulation of intestinal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovambattista Pani
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L. go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
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14
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RUNX3 Meets the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050717. [PMID: 36899853 PMCID: PMC10001085 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
RUNX3 is a transcription factor with regulatory roles in cell proliferation and development. While largely characterized as a tumor suppressor, RUNX3 can also be oncogenic in certain cancers. Many factors account for the tumor suppressor function of RUNX3, which is reflected by its ability to suppress cancer cell proliferation after expression-restoration, and its inactivation in cancer cells. Ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation represent a major mechanism for the inactivation of RUNX3 and the suppression of cancer cell proliferation. On the one hand, RUNX3 has been shown to facilitate the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of oncogenic proteins. On the other hand, RUNX3 can be inactivated through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. This review encapsulates two facets of RUNX3 in cancer: how RUNX3 suppresses cell proliferation by facilitating the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of oncogenic proteins, and how RUNX3 is degraded itself through interacting RNA-, protein-, and pathogen-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.
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15
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Zhu S, Al-Mathkour M, Cao L, Khalafi S, Chen Z, Poveda J, Peng D, Lu H, Soutto M, Hu T, McDonald OG, Zaika A, El-Rifai W. CDK1 bridges NF-κB and β-catenin signaling in response to H. pylori infection in gastric tumorigenesis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112005. [PMID: 36681899 PMCID: PMC9973518 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main risk factor for gastric cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The oncogenic functions of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) are not fully understood in gastric tumorigenesis. Using public datasets, quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses, we detect high levels of CDK1 in human and mouse gastric tumors. H. pylori infection induces activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) with a significant increase in CDK1 in in vitro and in vivo models (p < 0.01). We confirm active NF-κB binding sites on the CDK1 promoter sequence. CDK1 phosphorylates and inhibits GSK-3β activity through direct binding with subsequent accumulation and activation of β-catenin. CDK1 silencing or pharmacologic inhibition reverses these effects and impairs tumor organoids and spheroid formation. IHC analysis demonstrates a positive correlation between CDK1 and β-catenin. The results demonstrate a mechanistic link between infection, inflammation, and gastric tumorigenesis where CDK1 plays a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoumin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marwah Al-Mathkour
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Longlong Cao
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shayan Khalafi
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julio Poveda
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Heng Lu
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mohammed Soutto
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Tianling Hu
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Oliver G McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alexander Zaika
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA.
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16
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Pandey H, Tang DWT, Wong SH, Lal D. Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer: Biological Role and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030866. [PMID: 36765824 PMCID: PMC9913759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While CRC is thought to be an interplay between genetic and environmental factors, several lines of evidence suggest the involvement of gut microbiota in promoting inflammation and tumor progression. Gut microbiota refer to the ~40 trillion microorganisms that inhabit the human gut. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies and metagenomics have provided new insights into the gut microbial ecology and have helped in linking gut microbiota to CRC. Many studies carried out in humans and animal models have emphasized the role of certain gut bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli, in the onset and progression of CRC. Metagenomic studies have opened up new avenues for the application of gut microbiota in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRC. This review article summarizes the role of gut microbiota in CRC development and its use as a biomarker to predict the disease and its potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Pandey
- Redcliffe Labs, Electronic City, Noida 201301, India
| | - Daryl W. T. Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Centre for Microbiome Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Devi Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
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17
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Patrad E, Khalighfard S, Amiriani T, Khori V, Alizadeh AM. Molecular mechanisms underlying the action of carcinogens in gastric cancer with a glimpse into targeted therapy. Cell Oncol 2022; 45:1073-1117. [PMID: 36149600 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer imposes a substantial global health burden despite its overall incidence decrease. A broad spectrum of inherited, environmental and infectious factors contributes to the development of gastric cancer. A profound understanding of the molecular underpinnings of gastric cancer has lagged compared to several other tumors with similar incidence and morbidity rates, owing to our limited knowledge of the role of carcinogens in this malignancy. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified gastric carcinogenic agents into four groups based on scientific evidence from human and experimental animal studies. This review aims to explore the potential comprehensive molecular and biological impacts of carcinogens on gastric cancer development and their interactions and interferences with various cellular signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we highlight recent clinical trial data reported in the literature dealing with different ways to target various carcinogens in gastric cancer. Moreover, we touch upon other multidisciplinary therapeutic approaches such as surgery, adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Rational clinical trials focusing on identifying suitable patient populations are imperative to the success of single-agent therapeutics. Novel insights regarding signaling pathways that regulate gastric cancer can potentially improve treatment responses to targeted therapy alone or in combination with other/conventional treatments. Preventive strategies such as control of H. pylori infection through eradication or immunization as well as dietary habit and lifestyle changes may reduce the incidence of this multifactorial disease, especially in high prevalence areas. Further in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the role of carcinogenic agents in gastric cancer development may offer valuable information and update state-of-the-art resources for physicians and researchers to explore novel ways to combat this disease, from bench to bedside. A schematic outlining of the interaction between gastric carcinogenic agents and intracellular pathways in gastric cancer H. pylori stimulates multiple intracellular pathways, including PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Wnt, Shh, Ras/Raf, c-MET, and JAK/STAT, leading to epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, survival, motility, and inflammatory cytokine release. EBV can stimulate intracellular pathways such as the PI3K/Akt, RAS/RAF, JAK/STAT, Notch, TGF-β, and NF-κB, leading to cell survival and motility, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and the transcription of anti-apoptotic genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Nicotine and alcohol can lead to angiogenesis, metastasis, survival, proliferation, pro-inflammatory, migration, and chemotactic by stimulating various intracellular signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Ras/Raf, ROS, and JAK/STAT. Processed meat contains numerous carcinogenic compounds that affect multiple intracellular pathways such as sGC/cGMP, p38 MAPK, ERK, and PI3K/AKT, leading to anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, inflammatory responses, proliferation, and invasion. Lead compounds may interact with multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Ras/Raf, DNA methylation-dependent, and epigenetic-dependent, leading to tumorigenesis, carcinogenesis, malignancy, angiogenesis, DNA hypermethylation, cell survival, and cell proliferation. Stimulating signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, RAS/RAF, JAK/STAT, WNT, TGF-β, EGF, FGFR2, and E-cadherin through UV ionizing radiation leads to cell survival, proliferation, and immortalization in gastric cancer. The consequence of PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Ras/Raf, ROS, JAK/STAT, and WNT signaling stimulation by the carcinogenic component of Pickled vegetables and salted fish is the Warburg effect, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, proliferation, inflammatory response, and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Patrad
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Khalighfard
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Breast Disease Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Knockdown of Mediator Complex Subunit 27 Suppresses Gastric Cancer Cell Metastasis and Angiogenesis Via Wnt/β-catenin Pathway. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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DNMT1 Gene Expression in Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:2386891. [PMID: 36147796 PMCID: PMC9489387 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2386891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNMT1, as a critical enzyme affecting epigenetics through methylation of DNA cytosine-rich sequences, regulates gene expression. Exterior factors including long-term infections, in this study Helicobacter pylori infection, could change host cells' epigenetics by affecting DNMT1 gene expression. This study investigated the statistical correlation between H. pylori virulence genes and DNMT1 gene expression in gastric antral epithelial cells of gastric adenocarcinoma and gastritis patients. In a case-control study, 50 and 53 gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma antral biopsies, including 23 and 21 patients with H. pylori infection, respectively, were collected from hospitals in the west of Iran. Having extracted total RNA from gastric biopsy samples, cDNA was synthesized and virulence genes of H. pylori were detected by using the PCR method. Relative real-time RT PCR was used to detect ΔΔCt fold changes of the DNMT1 gene expression in divided groups of patients based on H. pylori infection and clinical manifestations. The results showed that along with increasing patients' age, the DNMT1 gene expression will increase in gastric antral epithelial cells of gastric cancer patients (P ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, the biopsy samples with infection of H. pylori cagA, cagY, and cagE genotypes revealed a direct correlation along with increased DNMT1 gene expression. This study revealed the correlations of H. pylori cag pathogenicity island genes with increased DNMT1 gene expression.
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20
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Li Y, Huang X, Tong D, Jiang C, Zhu X, Wei Z, Gong T, Jin C. Relationships among microbiota, gastric cancer, and immunotherapy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:987763. [PMID: 36171746 PMCID: PMC9511979 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.987763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, conventional neoadjuvant therapy or postoperative adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, can only bring limited survival benefits to gastric cancer (GC). Median survival after palliative chemotherapy is also low, at about 8–10 months. Immunotargeting is a new option for the treatment of GC, but has not been widely replicated. The highly immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment (TME) discounts the efficacy of immunotherapy for GC. Therefore, new strategies are needed to enhance the immune response of the TME. This paper reviewed the relationship between microorganisms and GC, potential links between microorganisms and immunotherapy and research of microorganisms combined immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Li
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Desheng Tong
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, China
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhipeng Wei
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Tingjie Gong
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunhui Jin
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Chunhui Jin,
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21
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Guo K, Duan J, Lu J, Xiao L, Han L, Zeng S, Tang X, Li W, Huang L, Zhang Y. TNF-α-inducing protein of Helicobacter pylori promotes EMT and cancer stem-like cells properties via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells. Pathog Dis 2022; 80:6626024. [PMID: 35776950 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α-inducing protein (Tipα) is a newly identified toxin, which promotes the inflammation and carcinogenesis caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). However, its mechanism of pathogenesis is still unclear. To investigate the carcinogenic mechanisms of Tipα, SGC7901 cells and SGC7901-derived cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) were stimulated by recombinant Tipα protein with or without Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor XAV939. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), CSCs markers, and downstream target genes of this signaling pathway. The cell migration ability was measured by wound healing assay and transwell assay. Our results indicated that Tipα promoted CSC properties of SGC7901 spheroids, including increased expression of CSC specific surface markers CD44, Oct4, Nanog, and an increased capacity for self-renewal. Tipα activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in both SGC7901 cells or CSCs. Furthermore, Tipα induced the EMT and increased the expressions of downstream target genes of this signaling, including c-myc, cyclin D1, and CD44. However, XAV939 pretreatment inhibited Tipα-induced EMT and CSC properties in SGC7901 cells or CSCs. These results suggest that Tipα promotes EMT and CSC-like properties in gastric cancer cells through activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby accelerating the progression of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyun Guo
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Duan
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jingwen Lu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lingqiao Xiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shasha Zeng
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Tang
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
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22
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Helicobacter pylori infection activates Wnt/β-catenin pathway to promote the occurrence of gastritis by upregulating ASCL1 and AQP5. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:257. [PMID: 35538066 PMCID: PMC9090998 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a well-recognized contributing factor to gastritis, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be established. It is interesting to note that AQP5 was predicted to be highly expressed in intestinal metaplasia (IM) based on H. pylori infection-related microarray data, and the transcription factor ASCL1 was bioinformatically predicted to associate with AQP5. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the mechanistic significance of ASCL1 and AQP5 in H. pylori infection of gastritis. Gastritis mouse models were established by H. pylori infection, followed by determination of AQP5 and ASCL1 in gastric mucosa. Besides, the effects of AQP5 on H. pylori-induced gastritis were explored using AQP5-/- mice. It was observed that H. pylori infection elevated expression of AQP5 and ASCL1 in gastric mucosa and gastric epithelial cells (GECs). H. pylori induced AQP5 expression by regulating ASCL1 and activated WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in GECs. It was also found that AQP5 knockdown suppressed inflammatory response and apoptosis in H. pylori-infected mice. Moreover, H. pylori infection-elevated ASCL1 and AQP5 expression promoted apoptosis and inflammation in GECs. Taken together, the key findings of the present study demonstrate that H. pylori infection activated WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway by upregulating ASCL1/AQP5 to induce gastritis.
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23
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Cao L, Zhu S, Lu H, Soutto M, Bhat N, Chen Z, Peng D, Lin J, Lu J, Li P, Zheng C, Huang C, El-Rifai W. Helicobacter pylori-induced RASAL2 Through Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB Promotes Gastric Tumorigenesis via β-catenin Signaling Axis. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1716-1731.e17. [PMID: 35134322 PMCID: PMC9038683 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Helicobacter pylori infection is the predominant risk factor for gastric cancer. RAS protein activator like 2 (RASAL2) is considered a double-edged sword in carcinogenesis. Herein, we investigated the role of RASAL2 in response to H pylori infection and gastric tumorigenesis. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses of local and public databases were applied to analyze RASAL2 expression, signaling pathways, and clinical significance. In vitro cell culture, spheroids, patient-derived organoids, and in vivo mouse models were used. Molecular assays included chromatin immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunocyto/histochemistry. RESULTS H pylori infection induced RASAL2 expression via a nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-dependent mechanism whereby NF-κB was directly bound to the RASAL2 promoter activating its transcription. By gene silencing and ectopic overexpression, we found that RASAL2 upregulated β-catenin transcriptional activity. RASAL2 inhibited protein phosphatase 2A activity through direct binding with subsequent activation of the AKT/β-catenin signaling axis. Functionally, RASAL2 silencing decreased nuclear β-catenin levels and impaired tumor spheroids and organoids formation. Furthermore, the depletion of RASAL2 impaired tumor growth in gastric tumor xenograft mouse models. Clinicopathological analysis indicated that abnormal overexpression of RASAL2 correlated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance in human gastric tumors. CONCLUSIONS These studies uncovered a novel signaling axis of NF-κB/RASAL2/β-catenin, providing a novel link between infection, inflammation and gastric tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Cao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Shoumin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Heng Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Mohammed Soutto
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Nadeem Bhat
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jianxian Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changming Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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Mohammadi A, Khanbabaei H, Zandi F, Ahmadi A, Haftcheshmeh SM, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: A therapeutic strategy for targeting the Helicobacter pylori-related diseases. Microb Pathog 2022; 166:105552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Tan D, Zhang Y. Silencing of Nudix type 5 represses proliferation and invasion and enhances chemosensitivity of gastric carcinoma cells by affecting the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 441:115968. [PMID: 35247377 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nudix type 5 (NUDT5) has been recently identified as a new cancer-associated protein that is involved in numerous cancers. To date, the relationship between NUDT5 and gastric carcinoma has not been addressed. In the current research, we focused on exploring the potential relevance of NUDT5 in gastric carcinoma. The initial analysis of NUDT5 expression in gastric carcinoma by TCGA data revealed a clear increase in NUDT5 expression in tumor versus normal tissue. The increased expression of NUDT5 was also validated in the clinical specimens of gastric carcinoma by immunoblotting detection. Moreover, high NUDT5 levels predicted a poorer overall survival in gastric carcinoma patients. A series of cellular functional assays demonstrated that gastric carcinoma cells with silenced NUDT5 exhibited decreased proliferative and invasive ability, increased cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and enhanced chemosensitivity. In-depth research showed that the silencing of NUDT5 led to a reduction in the activation of AKT and β-catenin. The reactivation of AKT blocked the repressive effect of NUDT5 silencing on β-catenin activation. The forced expression of β-catenin also reversed NUDT5-silencing-mediated anticancer effects. A Xenograft tumor assay confirmed the anticancer role of NUDT5 in gastric carcinoma in vivo. In short, these findings reveal elevated NUDT5 levels in gastric carcinoma and demonstrate that the inhibition of NUDT5 displays promising anticancer effects by affecting the AKT/β-catenin pathway. Thus, our work unveils a vital role of NUDT5 in gastric carcinoma and indicates it as a viable candidate target for anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Tan
- Department of General Surgery, No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, No. 52 Weiyang West Road, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, PR China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy, No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, No. 52 Weiyang West Road, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, China.
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Proteolytic Landscapes in Gastric Pathology and Cancerogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052419. [PMID: 35269560 PMCID: PMC8910283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death, and a large proportion of cases are inseparably linked to infections with the bacterial pathogen and type I carcinogen Helicobacter pylori. The development of gastric cancer follows a cascade of transformative tissue events in an inflammatory environment. Proteases of host origin as well as H. pylori-derived proteases contribute to disease progression at every stage, from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer. In the present article, we discuss the importance of (metallo-)proteases in colonization, epithelial inflammation, and barrier disruption in tissue transformation, deregulation of cell proliferation and cell death, as well as tumor metastasis and neoangiogenesis. Proteases of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein (ADAM) families, caspases, calpain, and the H. pylori proteases HtrA, Hp1012, and Hp0169 cleave substrates including extracellular matrix molecules, chemokines, and cytokines, as well as their cognate receptors, and thus shape the pathogenic microenvironment. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of how proteases contribute to disease progression in the gastric compartment.
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Saberi S, Esmaeili M, Tashakoripour M, Eshagh Hosseini M, Baharvand H, Mohammadi M. Infection with a hypervirulent strain of Helicobacter pylori primes gastric cells toward intestinal transdifferentiation. Microb Pathog 2021; 162:105353. [PMID: 34896202 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal metaplasia, gastric-to-intestinal transdifferentiation, occurs as a result of the misexpression of certain regulatory factors, leading to genetic reprogramming. Here, we have evaluated the H. pylori-induced expression patterns of these candidate genes. METHODS The expression levels of 1) tissue-specific transcription factors (RUNX3, KLF5, SOX2, SALL4, CDX1 and CDX2), 2) stemness factors (TNFRSF19, LGR5, VIL1) and 3) tissue-specific mucins (MUC5AC, MUC2) were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR in gastric primary cells (GPCs), in parallel with two gastric cancer (MKN45 and AGS) cell lines, up to 96h following H. pylori infection. RESULTS Following H. pylori infection of GPCs, RUNX3 declined at 24h post infection (-6.2 ± 0.3) and remained downregulated for up to 96h. Subsequently, overexpression of self-renewal and pluripotency transcription factors, KLF5 (3.6 ± 0.2), SOX2 (7.6 ± 0.5) and SALL4 (4.3 ± 0.2) occurred. The expression of TNFRSF19 and LGR5, demonstrated opposing trends, with an early rise of the former (4.5 ± 0.3) at 8h, and a simultaneous fall of the latter (-1.8 ± 0.5). This trend was reversed at 96h, with the decline in TNFRSF19 (-5.5 ± 0.2), and escalation of LGR5 (2.6 ± 0.2) and VIL1 (1.8 ± 0.3). Ultimately, CDX1 and CDX2 were upregulated by 1.9 and 4.7-fold, respectively. The above scenario was, variably observed in MKN45 and AGS cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggests an interdependent gene regulatory network, induced by H. pylori infection. This interaction begins with the downregulation of RUNX3, upregulation of self-renewal and pluripotency transcription factors, KLF5, SOX2 and SALL4, leading to the downregulation of TNFRSF19, upregulation of LGR5 and aberrant expression of intestine-specific transcription factors, potentially facilitating the process of gastric-to-intestinal transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Saberi
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaeili
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tashakoripour
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Inhibitory Effect of Astaxanthin on Gene Expression Changes in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Human Gastric Epithelial Cells. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124281. [PMID: 34959833 PMCID: PMC8708722 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection promotes gastric carcinogenesis by increasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysregulation of cell survival and proliferation of gastric epithelial cells. Astaxanthin (ASTX), a bioactive carotenoid, exhibits antioxidant and anticancer effects by modulating aberrant signaling pathways that lead to dysregulation of cell death and proliferation. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of H. pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis and to examine the inhibitory effect of ASTX on H. pylori-induced gastric epithelial cell gene expression changes, we performed comparative RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis for H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells treated with or without ASTX. RNA-Seq results reveal that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in H. pylori-infected cells were mainly associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is related to cell proliferation. ASTX significantly reversed H. pylori-induced transcriptional alterations of the key mediators involved in β-catenin signaling, notably, porcupine (gene symbol, PORCN), spermine oxidase (SMOX), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI), SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFB1), Fos-like 1 (FOSLI), and c-myc (MYC). We suggest that ASTX may be a potential therapeutic agent that can suppress H. pylori-induced proliferation-associated gene expression changes, in part, by counter-regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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29
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The Role of Latent Transforming Growth Factor β Binding Protein 2 (LTBP2) in the Diagnosis and Stage Discrimination of Gastric Cancer. Indian J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-021-03133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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30
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Interplay and cooperation of Helicobacter pylori and gut microbiota in gastric carcinogenesis. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:258. [PMID: 34556055 PMCID: PMC8461988 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is a critical risk factor for gastric cancer (GC). However, only 1–3 % of people with H. pylori develop GC. In gastric carcinogenesis, non-H. pylori bacteria in the stomach might interact with H. pylori. Bacterial dysbiosis in the stomach can strengthen gastric neoplasia development via generating tumor-promoting metabolites, DNA damaging, suppressing antitumor immunity, and activating oncogenic signaling pathways. Other bacterial species may generate short-chain fatty acids like butyrate that may inhibit carcinogenesis and inflammation in the human stomach. The present article aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the effects of gut microbiota and H. pylori on the development of GC. Next, the potential mechanisms of intestinal microbiota were discussed in gastric carcinogenesis. We also disserted the complicated interactions between H. pylori, intestinal microbiota, and host in gastric carcinogenesis, thus helping us to design new strategies for preventing, diagnosing, and treating GC.
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Abdi E, Latifi-Navid S, Abedi Sarvestani F, Esmailnejad MH. Emerging therapeutic targets for gastric cancer from a host- Helicobacter pylori interaction perspective. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:685-699. [PMID: 34410200 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1971195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer (GC) has the higher genetic, cytologic, and architectural heterogeneity compared to other gastrointestinal cancers. By inducing gastric inflammation, Helicobacter pylori (HP) may lead to GC through combining bacterial factors with host factors. In this regard, identification of the major therapeutic targets against the host-HP interactions plays a critical role in GC prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. AREAS COVERED This study offers new insights into the promising therapeutic targets against the angiogenesis, invasion, or metastasis of GC from a host-HP interaction perspective. To this end, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, AIM, and IndMed databases were searched for relevant articles since 1992. EXPERT OPINION Wnt signaling and COX pathway have a well-documented history in the genesis of GC by HP and might be considered as the most promising targets for early GC treatment. Destroying HP may decrease the risk of GC, but it cannot fully hinder the GC development induced by HP infection. Therefore, targeting HP-activated pathways, especially COX-2/Wnt/beta-catenin/VEGF, TLR2/TLR9/COX-2, COX2-PGE2, and NF-κB/COX-2, as well as EPHA2, MMPs, and miR-543/SIRT1 axis, can be an effective measure in the early treatment of GC. However, different clinical trials and large, multi-center cohorts are required to validate these potentially effective targets for GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Abdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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32
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Sayed IM, Ramadan HKA, El-Mokhtar MA, Abdel-Wahid L. Microbiome and gastrointestinal malignancies. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lee DY, Song MY, Kim EH. Trefoil Factor 1 Suppresses Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition through Inhibition of TGF-beta Signaling in Gastric Cancer Cells. J Cancer Prev 2021; 26:137-144. [PMID: 34258252 PMCID: PMC8249209 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2021.26.2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a malignancy with high incidence and mortality worldwide. In gastric cancer, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis further increase the mortality rate. Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) has been reported as a protective factor in the gastric mucosa. In this study, TFF1 inhibited the migration and invasive capability of gastric cancer cells. Elevated TFF1 levels induced the expression of E-cadherin, the epithelial marker, and reduced the expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail, Twist, Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox (ZEB) 1 and ZEB2, well-known repressors of E-cadherin expression. In addition, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9, which are major markers of cancer metastasis, was suppressed by TFF1. Upregulation of TFF1 inhibited TGF-β, a major signaling for EMT induction, and the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 activated by TGF-β in AGS cells. In conclusion, TFF1 inhibits EMT through suppression of TGF-β signaling in AGS cells, which might be used in therapeutic strategies for reducing metastatic potential and invasiveness of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Moon-Young Song
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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34
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Yuan E, Liu L, Huang M, Chang B, Qi C, Gou N, Ren J. Effects of complex extracts of traditional Chinese herbs on gastric mucosal injury in rats and potential underlying mechanism. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erdong Yuan
- School of Food Science and Technology South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381 Guangzhou Guangdong 510000 China
| | - Liangyun Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381 Guangzhou Guangdong 510000 China
| | - Min Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381 Guangzhou Guangdong 510000 China
| | - Bo Chang
- School of Food Science and Technology South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381 Guangzhou Guangdong 510000 China
| | - Chunli Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381 Guangzhou Guangdong 510000 China
| | - Na Gou
- School of Food Science and Technology South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381 Guangzhou Guangdong 510000 China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Technology South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381 Guangzhou Guangdong 510000 China
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35
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Peng Y, Zhang X, Lin H, Deng S, Qin Y, He J, Hu F, Zhu X, Feng X, Wang J, Wei Y, Fan X, Lin H, Ashktorab H, Smoot D, Lv Y, Li S, Meltzer SJ, Jin Z. Dual activation of Hedgehog and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway caused by downregulation of SUFU targeted by miRNA-150 in human gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10749-10769. [PMID: 33848981 PMCID: PMC8064165 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence has shown that miRNA-150 expression is upregulated in gastric cancer (GC) and is associated with gastric carcinogenesis, but the underlying oncogenic mechanism remains elusive. Here, we discovered that miRNA-150 targets the tumor suppressor SUFU to promote cell proliferation, migration, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the dual activation of Hedgehog (Hh) and Wnt signaling. MiRNA-150 was highly expressed in GC tissues and cell lines, and the level of this miRNA was negatively related to that of SUFU. In addition, both the miRNA-150 and SUFU levels were associated with tumor differentiation. Furthermore, miRNA-150 activated GC cell proliferation and migration in vitro. We found that miRNA-150 inhibitors repressed not only Wnt signaling by promoting cytoplasmic β-catenin localization, but also repressed Hh signaling and EMT. MiRNA-150 inhibition also resulted in significant tumor volume reductions in vivo, suggesting the potential application of miRNA-150 inhibitors in GC therapy. The expression of genes downstream of Hh and Wnt signaling was also reduced in tumors treated with miRNA-150 inhibitors. Notably, anti-SUFU siRNAs rescued the inhibitory effects of miRNA-150 inhibitors on Wnt signaling, Hh activation, EMT, cell proliferation, cell migration, and colony formation. Taken together, these findings indicate that miRNA-150 is oncogenic and promotes GC cell proliferation, migration, and EMT by activating Wnt and Hh signaling via the suppression of SUFU expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, P.R. China,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Ying Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jieqiong He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Fan Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xianling Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yanjie Wei
- Center for High Performance Computing, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xinmin Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Huan Lin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Howard University, College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Duane Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Yansi Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Song Li
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Development Exchange Center, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Stephen J. Meltzer
- Department of Medicine, GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Zhe Jin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, P.R. China
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36
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Peng Y, Qin Y, Zhang X, Deng S, Yuan Y, Feng X, Chen W, Hu F, Gao Y, He J, Cheng Y, Wei Y, Fan X, Ashktorab H, Smoot D, Li S, Meltzer SJ, Zhuang S, Tang N, Jin Z. MiRNA-20b/SUFU/Wnt axis accelerates gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration and EMT. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06695. [PMID: 33912703 PMCID: PMC8065298 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has found that miRNA-20b is highly expressed in gastric cancer (GC), however, its function and underlying mechanism are not clear. Wnt signaling pathway, implicated in tumorigeneisis, is activated in more than 30% of GC. We would like to characterize the biological behavior of miRNA-20b in terms of modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and EMT. We showed that miRNA-20b inhibitors suppressed Topflash/Fopflash dependent luciferase activity and the β-catenin nuclear translocation, resulting in inhibition of Wnt pathway activity and EMT. SUFU, negatively regulating Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathway, was proved to be targeted by miRNA-20b. Moreover, additional knockdown of SUFU alleviated the inhibitory effect on Wnt pathway activity, EMT, cell proliferation/migration and colony formation caused by miRNA-20b inhibition. In summary, miRNA-20b is an oncogenic miRNA and promoted cell proliferation, migration and EMT in GC partially by activating Wnt pathway via targeting SUFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Ying Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, China
| | - Shiqi Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xianling Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Wangchun Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yuli Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Jieqiong He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yulan Cheng
- Department of Medicine/GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Yanjie Wei
- Center for High Performance Computing, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Xinmin Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Howard University, College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Duane Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Song Li
- Shenzhen Science & Technology Development Exchange Center, Shenzhen Science and Technology Building, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Stephen J. Meltzer
- Department of Medicine/GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Shutong Zhuang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China,Corresponding author.
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Paciorek P, Żuberek M, Grzelak A. Rola miRNA w rozwoju wybranych nowotworów – potencjalne zastosowanie w diagnostyce*. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.6578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streszczenie
MikroRNA (miRNA) są małymi cząsteczkami kwasu rybonukleinowego, które mimo że nie podlegają procesowi translacji, pełnią ważną funkcję regulacyjną w komórkach eukariotycznych. Ich fizjologiczną funkcją jest utrzymywanie homeostazy komórek. Zaburzona ekspresja miRNA może spowodować rozwój wielu chorób, w tym chorób nowotworowych. Działanie miRNA polega na hamowaniu tworzenia się białek, w tym białek o właściwościach onkogennych i antyonkogennych. Mutacje w miejscach kodowania miRNA mogą prowadzić do nadmiernego lub zmniejszonego wytwarzania wspomnianych białek. Odkrycie miRNA i poznanie ich roli w komórce otworzyło nowe możliwości dla diagnostyki chorób nowotworowych. Zmiany poziomu odpowiednich miRNA, w krwiobiegu lub innych płynach ustrojowych, mogą być markerem diagnostycznym chorób. Diagnostyka onkologiczna mogłaby przebiegać na podstawie badań profilu miRNA pacjenta i porównania go z opracowanymi wcześniej profilami zmian miRNA powiązanymi z występowaniem danego rodzaju choroby nowotworowej. Informacja o zmianach profilu miRNA podstawowych w regulacji ekspresji genów związanych z procesami nowotworzenia, mogłaby się przyczynić do opracowania terapii eksperymentalnych opartych na przywróceniu pierwotnego poziomu miRNA w komórkach, a tym samym, na przywróceniu prawidłowej regulacji ekspresji genów. Coraz nowsze metody wyciszania i włączania ekspresji miRNA mogą w przyszłości zaowocować skutecznymi rozwiązaniami terapeutycznymi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Paciorek
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Mariusz Żuberek
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
| | - Agnieszka Grzelak
- Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska , Uniwersytet Łódzki
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38
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Helicobacter pylori-Mediated Immunity and Signaling Transduction in Gastric Cancer. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113699. [PMID: 33217986 PMCID: PMC7698755 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a leading cause of gastric cancer, which is the second-most common cancer-related death in the world. The chronic inflammatory environment in the gastric mucosal epithelia during H. pylori infection stimulates intracellular signaling pathways, namely inflammatory signals, which may lead to the promotion and progression of cancer cells. We herein report two important signal transduction pathways, the LPS-TLR4 and CagA-MET pathways. Upon H. pylori stimulation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mainly on macrophages and gastric epithelial cells. This induces an inflammatory response in the gastric epithelia to upregulate transcription factors, such as NF-κB, AP-1, and IRFs, all of which contribute to the initiation and progression of gastric cancer cells. Compared with other bacterial LPSs, H. pylori LPS has a unique function of inhibiting the mononuclear cell (MNC)-based production of IL-12 and IFN-γ. While this mechanism reduces the degree of inflammatory reaction of immune cells, it also promotes the survival of gastric cancer cells. The HGF/SF-MET signaling plays a major role in promoting cellular proliferation, motility, migration, survival, and angiogenesis, all of which are essential factors for cancer progression. H. pylori infection may facilitate MET downstream signaling in gastric cancer cells through its CagA protein via phosphorylation-dependent and/or phosphorylation-independent pathways. Other signaling pathways involved in H. pylori infection include EGFR, FAK, and Wnt/β-Catenin. These pathways function in the inflammatory process of gastric epithelial mucosa, as well as the progression of gastric cancer cells. Thus, H. pylori infection-mediated chronic inflammation plays an important role in the development and progression of gastric cancer.
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39
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Effects of a Potential Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323 on Helicobacter pylori-Induced Inflammatory Response and Gene Expression in Coinfected Gastric Epithelial Cells. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 13:751-764. [PMID: 33206342 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of a potential probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323 on Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammatory response and gene expression in human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell line. The gastric epithelial cells were coinfected with a collection of H. pylori clinical strains alone or in combination with L. gasseri at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1:100 for each bacterium, and incubated for different time points of 3, 6, and 12 h. IL-8 secretion from coinfected AGS cells after incubation at each time point was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of IL-8, Bcl-2, β-catenin, integrin α5, and integrin β1 genes was determined by quantitative RT-PCR amplification of total RNA extracted from coinfected epithelial cells. L. gasseri significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) decreased the production of IL-8 in AGS cells coinfected with H. pylori strains at 6 h post-infection. We also detected that L. gasseri significantly (P < 0.05) down-regulated the gene expression level of IL-8 in H. pylori-stimulated AGS cells after 6 and 12 h of coinfection. Similarly, L. gasseri caused a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in mRNA expression of Bcl-2, β-catenin, integrin α5, and integrin β1 genes in AGS cells at 3 and 6 h after infection with H. pylori strains as compared with non-infected control cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that L. gasseri ameliorates H. pylori-induced inflammation and could be developed as a supplementation to the current treatment regimens administrated against H. pylori infection.
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Peng Y, Zhang X, Lin H, Deng S, Qin Y, Yuan Y, Feng X, Wang J, Chen W, Hu F, Yan R, Zhao Y, Cheng Y, Wei Y, Fan X, Ashktorab H, Smoot D, Li S, Meltzer SJ, Jin Z. SUFU mediates EMT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation promoted by miRNA-324-5p in human gastric cancer. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2720-2733. [PMID: 33017570 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1826632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of late gastric carcinomas (GC) underscores the necessity to identify novel biomarkers for earlier diagnosis and effective therapeutic targets. MiRNA-324-5p has been shown to be over-expressed in GC, however the biological function of miRNA-324-5p implicated in gastric cancer and its downstream targets were not well understood. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is aberrantly regulated in GC. We sought to explore if miRNA-324-5p promotes oncogenesis through modulating Wnt signaling and EMT. MiRNA-324-5p is highly expressed in GC based on qRT-PCR and TCGA data. In addition, in vitro cell proliferation, cell migration assays and in vivo animal exenograft were executed to show that miRNA-324-5p is an oncogenic miRNA in GC. MiRNA-324-5p activates Wnt signaling and induces EMT in GC. Further, SUFU was identified as a target of miRNA-324-5p confirmed by western blotting and luciferase assays. Spearson analysis and TCGA data indicate that the expression of SUFU is negatively associated with the expression of miRNA-324-5p. Rescue experiments were performed to determine if SUFU mediates the Wnt activation, EMT and oncogenic function of miRNA-324-5p. MiRNA-324-5p inhibitors plus SUFU siRNAs rescue partially the inhibitory effect on Wnt signaling and EMT caused by miRNA-324-5p inhibitors. Finally, the suppression of cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation ability induced by miRNA-324-5p inhibitors is alleviated by addition of SUFU siRNAs. In summary, miRNA-324-5p is overexpressed in vivo and exerts cell growth and migration-promoting effects through activating Wnt signaling and EMT by targeting SUFU in GC. It represents a potential miRNA with an oncogenic role in human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huijuan Lin
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiqi Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianling Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wangchun Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruibin Yan
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yulan Cheng
- Department of Medicine/GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yanjie Wei
- Center for High Performance Computing, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xinmin Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Howard University, College of Medicine , Washington, USA
| | - Duane Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical Center , Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Song Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Stephen J Meltzer
- Department of Medicine/GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhe Jin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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MetaDE-Based Analysis of circRNA Expression Profiles Involved in Gastric Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:2884-2895. [PMID: 31894486 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-06014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) could play carcinogenic roles in gastric cancer (GC) and have potential to be biomarkers for GC early diagnosis, which needs to be further excavated and supported by more evidence. AIMS The study aims to identify more authentic circRNA expression profiles that could function as potential biomarkers in GC. METHODS circRNA expression data in three microarrays were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. A systematic meta-analysis based on an integrated dataset pre-processed from the three microarrays was conducted to identify a panel of differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircs) by using the metaDE package. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes term enrichment were used to note the corresponding functions of DEcircs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to verify the DEcircs expression in cancer tissues and adjacent paracancerous tissues. A GC risk-related circRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs network was further constructed and analyzed. RESULTS MetaDE analysis suggested 64 DEcircs between cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the parental genes of these DEcircs were mainly associated with histone methylation, Wnt signalosome and histone methylation activity. Hsa_circ_0005927 and hsa_circ_0067934 were verified in GC tissues, and a GC risk-related network was constructed. CONCLUSION MetaDE-based circRNA expression profiles revealed a series of potential biomarkers involved in GC. Two circRNAs, hsa_circ_0005927 and hsa_circ_0067934, could be more authentic biomarkers for GC screening. The GC risk-related network of hsa_circ_0005927/hsa_circ_0067934 and their downstream targets will provide new genetic insights for GC research.
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Deng S, Zhang X, Qin Y, Chen W, Fan H, Feng X, Wang J, Yan R, Zhao Y, Cheng Y, Wei Y, Fan X, Ashktorab H, Smoot D, Meltzer SJ, Li S, Li K, Peng Y, Jin Z. miRNA-192 and -215 activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in gastric cancer via APC. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6218-6229. [PMID: 32091625 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although great progress has been made in surgical techniques, traditional radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, gastric cancer (GC) is still the most common malignant tumor and has a high mortality, which highlights the importance of novel diagnostic markers. Emerging studies suggest that different microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis of GC. In this study, we found that miRNA-192 and -215 are significantly upregulated in GC and promote cell proliferation and migration. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a well-known negative regulator in Wnt signaling, has been proved to be a target of miRNA-192 and -215. Inhibition of miRNA-192 or -215 reduced the Topflash activities and repressed the expression of Wnt signaling pathway proteins, while APC small interfering RNAs reversed the inhibitory effects, suggesting that miRNA-192 and -215 activate Wnt signaling via APC. In addition, APC mediates the cell proliferation and migration regulated by miRNA-192 and -215. Furthermore, APC is downregulated in GC tissues and negatively correlated with the expression of miRNA-192 and -215. In summary, miRNA-192 and -215 target APC and function as oncogenic miRNAs by activating Wnt signaling in GC, revealing to be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Deng
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wangchun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hu Fan
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianling Feng
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, The Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruibin Yan
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, The Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, The Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulan Cheng
- Department of Medicine/GI Division, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yanjie Wei
- Center for High Performance Computing, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinmin Fan
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC
| | - Duane Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Stephen J Meltzer
- Department of Medicine/GI Division, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Song Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, The Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin Peng
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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43
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George S, Lucero Y, Torres JP, Lagomarcino AJ, O'Ryan M. Gastric Damage and Cancer-Associated Biomarkers in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Children. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:90. [PMID: 32117120 PMCID: PMC7029740 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is well-known to be involved in gastric carcinogenesis, associated with deregulation of cell proliferation and epigenetic changes in cancer-related genes. H. pylori infection is largely acquired during childhood, persisting long-term in about half of infected individuals, a subset of whom will go on to develop peptic ulcer disease and eventually gastric cancer, however, the sequence of events leading to disease is not completely understood. Knowledge on carcinogenesis and gastric damage-related biomarkers is abundant in adult populations, but scarce in children. We performed an extensive literature review focusing on gastric cancer related biomarkers identified in adult populations, which have been detected in children infected with H. pylori. Biomarkers were related to expression levels (RNA or protein) and/or methylation levels (DNA) in gastric tissue or blood of infected children as compared to non-infected controls. In this review, we identified 37 biomarkers of which 24 are over expressed, three are under expressed, and ten genes are significantly hypermethylated in H. pylori-infected children compared to healthy controls in at least 1 study. Only four of these biomarkers (pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, gastrin, and SLC5A8) have been studied in asymptomatically infected children. Importantly, 13 of these biomarkers (β-catenin, C-MYC, GATA-4, DAPK1, CXCL13, DC-SIGN, TIMP3, EGFR, GRIN2B, PIM2, SLC5A8, CDH1, and VCAM-1.) are consistently deregulated in infected children and in adults with gastric cancer. Future studies should be designed to determine the clinical significance of these changes in infection-associated biomarkers in children and their persistence over time. The effect of eradication therapy over these biomarkers in children if proven significant, could lead to modifications in treatment guidelines for younger populations, and eventually promote the development of preventive strategies, such as vaccination, in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio George
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yalda Lucero
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Dr. Roberto del Río Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Torres
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anne J Lagomarcino
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel O'Ryan
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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44
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Rojas A, Araya P, Gonzalez I, Morales E. Gastric Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1226:23-35. [PMID: 32030673 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36214-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A compelling body of evidence has demonstrated that gastric cancer has a very particular tumor microenvironment, a signature very suitable to promote tumor progression and metastasis. Recent investigations have provided new insights into the multiple molecular mechanisms, defined by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, supporting a very active cross talk between the components of the tumor microenvironment and thus defining the fate of tumor progression. In this review, we intend to highlight the role of very active contributors at gastric cancer TME, particularly cancer-associated fibroblasts, bone marrow-derived cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and tumor-infiltrating neutrophils, all of them surrounded by an overtime changing extracellular matrix. In addition, the very active cross talk between the components of the tumor microenvironment, defined by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, thus defining the fate of tumor progression, is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile.
| | - Paulina Araya
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Ileana Gonzalez
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Erik Morales
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
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45
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Li YF, Zhang J, Yu L. Circular RNAs Regulate Cancer Onset and Progression via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:1117-1128. [PMID: 31769242 PMCID: PMC6881706 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.12.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains to be a major challenge for public health providers, and is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, it is imperative to explore the mechanisms underlying cancer initiation and development, and design novel diagnostics and therapeutics. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which exhibit a covalently closed loop structure, are involved in a variety of diseases, including cancer. The aberrant expression of circRNAs contributes to the initiation and development of various cancers by disrupting the interplay of specific signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which controls a plethora of cellular processes that drive cancer development. The interactions between circRNAs (specifically expressed in different cancer tissues) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway presents potential diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we have summarized research discoveries on the functions of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related circRNAs in the modulation of oncogenesis and progression of different types of cancer. We anticipate that our findings will contribute to the improvement or development of circRNAs-based strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Feng Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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46
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Yang B, Bai Q, Chen H, Su K, Gao C. LINC00665 induces gastric cancer progression through activating Wnt signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2268-2276. [PMID: 31736127 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Oncology Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Qingqing Bai
- Department of Oncology Suqian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Suqian Jiangsu China
| | - Huidong Chen
- Department of Oncology Suqian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Suqian Jiangsu China
| | - Kun Su
- Department of Oncology Suqian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Suqian Jiangsu China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Oncology Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
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47
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Abstract
Gastric environment has long been considered sterile, but the discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) changed such concept in 1982. Over the past few decades, modern techniques have provided insight into microbial communities in the stomach and the interactions between communities, ranging from methods that rely on bacterial culture to the application of macrogenomics and high-throughput sequencing techniques. H. pylori is an important risk factor for gastric disease, but there may be other bacteria involved in the occurrence of gastric disease. This review summarizes the current progress in the understanding of the relationship between gastric microflora and gastric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Enviroesnment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tian Liang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Enviroesnment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Enviroesnment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Su Bai
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Tibet University for Nationalities, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Long-Li Kang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Enviroesnment and Genes Related to Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China
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Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharides Inhibit 1-Methyl-2-Nitro-1-Nitrosoguanidine Induced Precancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer in Rats through Regulating Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway and Altering Serum Endogenous Metabolites. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142660. [PMID: 31340453 PMCID: PMC6680496 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale is a herb in traditional Chinese medicine where D. officinale polysaccharides (DOP) are the main active ingredient. This study aimed at evaluating DOP efficiency at inhibiting 1-Methyl-2-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) in rats through the Wnt/b-catenin pathway and analyzing the variations of serum endogenous metabolites. PLGC was established in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by administering 150 μg/mL MNNG in drinking water for 7 months and giving 0.1 mL of 10% NaCl once weekly during the initial 20 weeks. Treatment with DOP inhibited the progress of PLGC through decreasing the expression of β-catenin by immunohistochemical analysis. The futher study indicated DOP downregulated gene expression of Wnt2β, Gsk3β, PCNA, CyclinD1, and β-catenin, as well as protein expression of Wnt2β, PCNA, and β-catenin. On the other hand, there were nine endogenous metabolites identified after the DOP treatment. Among these, the most significant one is betaine because of its strong antioxidant activity, leading to an anti-tumor effect. DOP can inhibit MNNG-induced PLGC models via regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway and by changing endogenous metabolites.
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Yousefi B, Mohammadlou M, Abdollahi M, Salek Farrokhi A, Karbalaei M, Keikha M, Kokhaei P, Valizadeh S, Rezaiemanesh A, Arabkari V, Eslami M. Epigenetic changes in gastric cancer induction by
Helicobacter pylori. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21770-21784. [PMID: 31169314 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Immunology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadlou
- Department of Immunology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | - Maryam Abdollahi
- Department of Immunology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Karbalaei
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine Jiroft University of Medical Sciences Jiroft Iran
| | - Masoud Keikha
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Parviz Kokhaei
- Department of Immunology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
- Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Centre Karolinska Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Saeid Valizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Vahid Arabkari
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Majid Eslami
- Cancer Research Center Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
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50
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Jing JC, Feng Z, Chen ZH, Ji BN, Hong J, Tang N, Yu JL, Wang SY. KDM4B promotes gastric cancer metastasis by regulating miR-125b-mediated activation of Wnt signaling. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7897-7906. [PMID: 30485532 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that the aberrant expression of histone-modifying enzymes such as histone demethylases contributes to gastric carcinogenesis and progression. The role of KDM4B in cancer progression has been gradually revealed. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating gastric cancer metastasis of KDM4B remain unclear. In the present study we determined KDM4B expression in gastric cancer and its biologic function in vitro and in vivo. We found that KDM4B expression was significantly increased in most gastric cancer tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues. Upregulated expression of KDM4B in human gastric cancer was correlated with poor prognosis. In vitro, KDM4B overexpression in AGS cells promoted cell invasion, whereas knockdown of KDM4B inhibited cell invasion. Furthermore, KDM4B overexpression also promoted tumor metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, KDM4B upregulated miR-125b expression and activated Wnt signaling pathway. More important, miR-125b partially mediated KDM4B-induced activation of Wnt signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that KDM4B promoted gastric cancer cell invasion in vitro and cancer metastasis in vivo, at least in part, by upregulating miR-125b expression. These data provided novel insights on the role of KDM4B-driven gastric cancer metastasis and indicated that KDM4B may be served as a potential target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Chen Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xu Hui District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xu Hui District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xu Hui District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Na Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xu Hui District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xu Hui District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xu Hui District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Ling Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xu Hui District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Ying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xu Hui District Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
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