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Vena W, Pigni S, Betella N, Navarra A, Mirani M, Mazziotti G, Lania AG, Bossi AC. COVID-19 vaccines and blood glucose control: Friend or foe? Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2363068. [PMID: 38860457 PMCID: PMC11178329 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2363068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To overview the recent literature regarding the relationship between COVID-19 vaccines and glycemic control. METHODS Data were extracted from text and tables of all available articles published up to September 2023 in PubMed Database describing glucose homeostasis data in subjects exposed to COVID-19 vaccines, focusing on patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). RESULTS It is debated if the immune system impairment observed in diabetic patients makes them susceptible to lower efficacy of vaccines, but evidence suggests a possible improvement in immune response in those with good glycemic control. Despite their proven protective role lowering infection rates and disease severity, COVID-19 vaccines can result in diabetic ketoacidosis, new-onset diabetes, or episodes of hyper- or hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS Evidence with COVID-19 vaccines highlights the strong relationship existing between DM and immune system function. Clinicians should strive to achieve optimal glucose control before vaccination and promptly manage possible glucose homeostasis derangement following vaccine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Vena
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Diabetes Center, Humanitas Gavazzeni Institute, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Stella Pigni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Mirani
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Gherardo Mazziotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Andrea G. Lania
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
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2
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Shinjo T, Nishimura F. The bidirectional association between diabetes and periodontitis, from basic to clinical. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:15-21. [PMID: 38098853 PMCID: PMC10716706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and severity of periodontitis are increased and advanced in diabetes. Severe periodontitis elicits adverse effects on diabetes by impairing insulin actions due to systemic microinflammation. Recent studies unveil the emerging findings and molecular basis of the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. In addition to conventional mechanisms such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and chronic inflammation, deficient insulin action may play a pathogenic role in the progression of periodontitis under diabetes. Epidemiologically, from the viewpoint of the adverse effect of periodontitis on diabetes, recent studies have suggested that Asians including Japanese and Asian Americans with diabetes and mild obesity (BMI <25 kg/m2) should pay more attention to their increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the effect of diabetes on periodontitis from the viewpoint of abnormalities in metabolism and insulin resistance with novel mechanisms, and the influence of periodontitis on diabetes mainly focused on micro-inflammation related to mature adipose tissue and discuss future perspectives about novel approaches to interrupt the adverse interrelationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Shinjo
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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3
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Mzimela NC, Sosibo AM, Ngubane PS, Khathi A. Investigation into changes in inflammatory and immune cell markers in pre-diabetic patients from Durban, South Africa. J Immunotoxicol 2024; 21:2290282. [PMID: 38099331 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2023.2290282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of pre-diabetes is increasing in rapidly urbanizing cities, especially in individuals aged 25 - 45 years old. Studies also indicate that this condition is associated with aberrant immune responses that are also influenced by environmental factors. This study sought to investigate changes in the concentration of immune cells and select inflammatory markers in patients with pre-diabetes in Durban, South Africa. Blood samples collected from King Edward Hospital, after obtaining ethics approval, were divided into non-diabetic (ND), pre-diabetic (PD) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) using ADA criteria. In each sample, the concentration of immune cells and select inflammatory markers were determined. The results showed a significant increase in eosinophil and basophil levels in the PD group as compared to the ND group. Compared to ND, the PD and T2D groups had significant increases in serum TNFα, CD40L and fibrinogen concentrations. Additionally, there were decreases in serum CRP, IL-6, and P-selectin in the PD group while these markers increased in the T2D group. These findings were indicative of immune activation and highlight the impact of pre-diabetes in this population. More studies are recommended with a higher number of samples that are stratified by gender and represent the gender ratio in the city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomusa Christina Mzimela
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | | | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences
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4
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Boadu AA, Yeboah-Manu M, Osei-Wusu S, Yeboah-Manu D. Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: The complexity of the comorbid interactions. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 146:107140. [PMID: 38885832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The double burden of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a major public health challenge that demands urgent and integrated approaches. The interplay between these two chronic conditions presents unique clinical and public health management challenges, as well as social and economic implications. We explored the bidirectional relationship between TB and DM, emphasizing how DM increases susceptibility to TB and complicates its management, while TB may exacerbate glycemic control in diabetic patients. This review underscores the challenges associated with the management of both diseases, obstacles in screening TB patients for DM and TB preventive therapy for DM since inadequate glycemic control can impact treatment outcomes. Several studies have investigated the disease interplay; however, the results have been equivocal, and this may be exerting negative impacts on the disease prevention and treatment. TB-diabetes comorbidity has been linked to poor treatment outcomes whereas TB prevention in people with DM at present is a dilemma. In addition to highlighting how urgent it is to address this comorbidity, this review offers a road map for better prevention, treatment, and control of several factors underlying the TB-diabetes syndemic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Asare Boadu
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | | | - Stephen Osei-Wusu
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
| | - Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana.
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5
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Zare A, Khosropanah S, Daryabor G, Doroudchi M. mTOR gene variant rs2295080 might be a risk factor for atherosclerosis in Iranian women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:162. [PMID: 39198757 PMCID: PMC11361055 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus, one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide, is closely linked with an enhanced risk of atherosclerosis. However, the molecular mechanism of this linkage is not still clear. Genetic variations in the mTOR gene may increase the susceptibility of individuals to these diseases. METHODS One hundred nine diabetic patients and 375 healthy subjects participated in this study. mTOR Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) rs2295080 was determined using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS Comparison of genotypic, allelic, and genotypic combination frequencies between cases and controls revealed no significant result. Nevertheless, the frequency of rs2295080 GT + TT genotype was significantly more in diabetic women with atherosclerosis compared with those without atherosclerosis (p = 0.047). Besides, the rs2295080 G allele was more frequently detected in diabetic women without atherosclerosis compared to those with atherosclerosis (p = 0.046). CONCLUSION The rs2295080 GT + TT genotype predisposes Iranian diabetic women to atherosclerosis, while the rs2295080 G allele protects them against atherosclerosis. However, additional experiments using larger sample sizes are needed to verify this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Zare
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahdad Khosropanah
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Daryabor
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Zhu X, Zhang D, Wang Y, Wang C, Liu X, Niu Y. Study on the signaling pathways involved in the anti-hyperglycemic effect of raspberry ketone on zebrafish using integrative transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 39189875 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01675k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia leads to increased oxidative stress in mitochondria, an abnormal activation of intracellular inflammatory signals, and mediate multiple dysfunctions. Raspberry ketone (RK) is an aromatic phenolic compound found in many plants and could contribute to weight loss, restore impaired glucose tolerance, and has antioxidant properties. In our investigation, RK could greatly prevent islet, brain and other tissue damage caused by hyperglycemia in a zebrafish model with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia. Body weight, insulin level, and food intake indexes were also restored by RK. Using transcriptome profiling, we found that RK administration could significantly attenuate STZ-induced insulin synthesis and pancreatic secretion as well as alter protein and carbohydrate metabolism. Metabolomics analysis results showed that RK could also prevent STZ-induced metabolic disorders, such as adenosine and sphingolipid metabolism. Integrative analysis of metabolome and transcriptome data and qRT-PCR validation of key metabolic regulatory genes (glut1, glut2, ctrb1, ccka, gck, pklr) confirmed that the purine pathway was the most enriched metabolic pathway, in which both metabolite accumulation and gene expression levels showed consistent change patterns upon RK treatment. Our study provides a new perspective for understanding the hypoglycemic mechanism of RK and may be helpful for investigating the modes of action of hypoglycemic drugs using the zebrafish hyperglycemia model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Zhu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China.
- Department of Scientific Research, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Dengcai Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Pathology Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chuangxin Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Lanzhou Institute of Food and Drug Control, Lanzhou 740050, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yicong Niu
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
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7
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Ergin M, Budin M, Canbaz SB, Ciloglu O, Gehrke T, Citak M. Microbiological profiles in periprosthetic joint infections after total knee arthroplasty: a comparative analysis of diabetic and non-diabetic patients. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2024:10.1007/s00264-024-06275-5. [PMID: 39180538 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-024-06275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the microbiological profiles in periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The study aims to address what are the variations in microbial colonization and infection patterns between diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 2,569 culture-positive cases of PJIs post-TKA was conducted, comparing outcomes between diabetic (n = 321) and non-diabetic (n = 2,248) patients. Demographic, clinical, and microbiological data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, logistic regression, and other statistical tests. RESULTS Diabetic patients exhibited distinct microbial colonization patterns, with a higher prevalence of pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus (p = 0.033), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p < 0.001), Streptococcus spp. (Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus dysgalactiae; p = 0.010, 0.016 respectively), Candida spp. (p = 0.010), and Corynebacterium spp. (p = 0.024). Additionally, diabetic patients were at increased risk of polymicrobial infections. Comorbidities associated with diabetes, including chronic pulmonary disease, renal insufficiency, and peripheral artery disease, were significantly more prevalent in diabetic patients and further complicated PJI outcomes. CONCLUSION This study underscores the importance of tailored perioperative antimicrobial strategies and vigilant infection control measures in diabetic patients undergoing TKA. Understanding the differential microbial profiles and associated comorbidities can inform targeted interventions to mitigate the risk of PJIs and improve outcomes in this high-risk population. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize management strategies for diabetic patients undergoing TKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Ergin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, ENDO-Klinik Hamburg, Holstenstr. 2, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Cihanbeyli State Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Maximilian Budin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, ENDO-Klinik Hamburg, Holstenstr. 2, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebati Başer Canbaz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, ENDO-Klinik Hamburg, Holstenstr. 2, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Osman Ciloglu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, ENDO-Klinik Hamburg, Holstenstr. 2, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Gehrke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, ENDO-Klinik Hamburg, Holstenstr. 2, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mustafa Citak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, ENDO-Klinik Hamburg, Holstenstr. 2, 22767, Hamburg, Germany.
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Spinelli M, Spallotta F, Cencioni C, Natale F, Re A, Dellaria A, Farsetti A, Fusco S, Grassi C. High fat diet affects the hippocampal expression of miRNAs targeting brain plasticity-related genes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19651. [PMID: 39179650 PMCID: PMC11343842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69707-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are associated with brain dysfunction and cognitive deficits, although the underpinning molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Epigenetic factors, such as non-coding RNAs, have been reported to mediate the molecular effects of nutrient-related signals. Here, we investigated the changes of miRNA expression profile in the hippocampus of a well-established experimental model of metabolic disease induced by high fat diet (HFD). In comparison to the control group fed with standard diet, we observed 69 miRNAs exhibiting increased expression and 63 showing decreased expression in the HFD mice's hippocampus. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified numerous potential targets of the dysregulated miRNAs, pinpointing a subset of genes regulating neuroplasticity that were targeted by multiple differentially modulated miRNAs. We also validated the expression of these synaptic and non-synaptic proteins, confirming the downregulation of Synaptotagmin 1 (SYT1), calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase I delta (CaMK1D), 2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (GRIN2B), the DNA-binding protein Special AT-Rich Sequence-Binding Protein 2 (SATB2), and RNA-binding proteins Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1 (CPEB1) and Neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1 (NOVA1) in the hippocampus of HFD mice. In summary, our study offers a snapshot of the HFD-related miRNA landscape potentially involved in the alterations of brain functions associated with metabolic disorders. By shedding light on the specific miRNA-mRNA interactions, our research contributes to a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of HFD on the synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Spinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Spallotta
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies Charles Darwin, Sapienza University, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Cencioni
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti", National Research Council (CNR-IASI), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Natale
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Re
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti", National Research Council (CNR-IASI), Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Laboratoristiche ed Infettivologiche, UOC Chimica, Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Dellaria
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Farsetti
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti", National Research Council (CNR-IASI), Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fusco
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
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9
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Liu JW, Huang X, Wang MK, Yang JS. Diabetes and susceptibility to COVID-19: Risk factors and preventive and therapeutic strategies. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1663-1671. [PMID: 39192862 PMCID: PMC11346102 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i8.1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by a novel human coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diabetes is a well-known risk factor for infectious diseases with high prevalence and increased severity. Here, we elucidated the possible factors for the increased vulnerability of diabetic patients to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the more severe COVID-19 illness. The worsened prognosis of patients with both COVID-19 and diabetes may be attributable to host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-assisted viral uptake. Moreover, insulin resistance is often associated with impaired mucosal and skin barrier integrity, resulting in mic-robiota dysbiosis, which increases susceptibility to viral infections. It may also be associated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines resulting from an impaired immune system in diabetics, inducing a cytokine storm and excessive inflammation. This review describes diabetes mellitus and its complications, explains the risk factors, such as disease characteristics and patient lifestyle, which may contribute to the high susceptibility of diabetic patients to COVID-19, and discusses preventive and therapeutic strategies for COVID-19-positive diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Ming-Ke Wang
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Ji-Shun Yang
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
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10
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Gupta AK, Shemer A, Economopoulos V, Talukder M. Diabetic Foot and Fungal Infections: Etiology and Management from a Dermatologic Perspective. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:577. [PMID: 39194903 DOI: 10.3390/jof10080577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a significant global concern. Many diabetic patients will experience complications due to angiopathy, neuropathy, and immune dysfunction, namely diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and diabetic foot infections (DFI), which can result in lower limb amputation and potentially death. The prevalence of common superficial fungal infections, such as tinea pedis and onychomycosis, can directly increase a diabetic patient's risk of developing both DFU and DFI. In this review article, we discuss the etiology of diabetic foot complications as well as considerations for both screening and management. We also discuss the role of the dermatologist within a multidisciplinary care team in prescribing and managing treatments for tinea pedis and onychomycosis infections within this patient population. We believe that reducing the burden of these fungal infections in the context of the diabetic foot will help reduce DFU and DFI complications and their associated morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Gupta
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON N5X 2P1, Canada
| | - Avner Shemer
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Vasiliki Economopoulos
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON N5X 2P1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mesbah Talukder
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON N5X 2P1, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
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11
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Apaza CJ, Cerezo JF, García-Tejedor A, Giménez-Bastida JA, Laparra-Llopis JM. Revisiting the Immunometabolic Basis for the Metabolic Syndrome from an Immunonutritional View. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1825. [PMID: 39200288 PMCID: PMC11352112 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) implies different conditions where insulin resistance constitutes a major hallmark of the disease. The disease incurs a high risk for the development of cardiovascular complications, and takes its toll in regard to the gut-liver axis (pancreas, primary liver and colorectal)-associated immunity. The modulation of immunometabolic responses by immunonutritional factors (IFs) has emerged as a key determinant of the gut-liver axis' metabolic and immune health. IFs from plant seeds have shown in vitro and pre-clinical effectiveness primarily in dealing with various immunometabolic and inflammatory diseases. Only recently have immunonutritional studies established the engagement of innate intestinal immunity to effectively control immune alterations in inflamed livers preceding the major features of the MetS. However, integrative analyses and the demonstration of causality between IFs and specific gut-liver axis-associated immunometabolic imbalances for the MetS remain ill-defined in the field. Herein, a better understanding of the IFs with a significant role in the MetS, as well as within the dynamic interplay in the functional differentiation of innate immune key effectors (i.e., monocytes/macrophages), worsening or improving the disease, could be of crucial relevance. The development of an adequate intermediary phenotype of these cells can significantly contribute to maintaining the function of Tregs and innate lymphoid cells for the prevention and treatment of MetS and associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Jeri Apaza
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food (IMDEA Food), Carretera Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Valencian International University (VIU), Pintor Sorolla 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Cerezo
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food (IMDEA Food), Carretera Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora García-Tejedor
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Valencian International University (VIU), Pintor Sorolla 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Campus de Espinardo, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - José Moisés Laparra-Llopis
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food (IMDEA Food), Carretera Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Valencian International University (VIU), Pintor Sorolla 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
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12
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Gong K, Xue C, Feng Z, Pan R, Wang M, Chen S, Chen Y, Guan Y, Dai L, Zhang S, Jiang L, Li L, Wang B, Yin Z, Ma L, Iwakiri Y, Tang J, Liao C, Chen H, Duan Y. Intestinal Nogo-B reduces GLP1 levels by binding to proglucagon on the endoplasmic reticulum to inhibit PCSK1 cleavage. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6845. [PMID: 39122737 PMCID: PMC11315690 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1), which is mainly processed and cleaved from proglucagon in enteroendocrine cells (EECs) of the intestinal tract, acts on the GLP1 receptor in pancreatic cells to stimulate insulin secretion and to inhibit glucagon secretion. However, GLP1 processing is not fully understood. Here, we show that reticulon 4B (Nogo-B), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein, interacts with the major proglucagon fragment of proglucagon to retain proglucagon on the ER, thereby inhibiting PCSK1-mediated cleavage of proglucagon in the Golgi. Intestinal Nogo-B knockout in male type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice increases GLP1 and insulin levels and decreases glucagon levels, thereby alleviating pancreatic injury and insulin resistance. Finally, we identify aberrantly elevated Nogo-B expression and inhibited proglucagon cleavage in EECs from diabetic patients. Our study reveals the subcellular regulatory processes involving Nogo-B during GLP1 production and suggests intestinal Nogo-B as a potential therapeutic target for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Gong
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zian Feng
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ruru Pan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yudong Guan
- Department of Geriatrics, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingyun Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Li
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zequn Yin
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Likun Ma
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Junming Tang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Chenzhong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Houzao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Feleke BE, Shaw JE, Magliano DJ. Trends in rates of hospitalisation for infection in people with diabetes and the general population. Diabet Med 2024:e15421. [PMID: 39116262 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM To describe the trends of hospitalisation for infections in people with diabetes and in the general population. METHODS People with diabetes were identified from the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme linked to hospitalisation datasets from 2010/11 to 2018/19. Data on hospitalisations in the general population were obtained from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Joinpoint regression software was used to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) of rates. RESULTS The rate of hospitalisation for total infections increased with an APC of 2.6% (95% CI: 1.5, 3.7) among people with type 1 diabetes, 3.6% (2.6, 4.6) among people with type 2 diabetes, and 2.5% (1.3, 3.9) in the general population. Increasing rates were observed for sepsis, influenza, kidney infections, osteomyelitis, cellulitis, and foot infections in all groups. The rate of hospitalisation for urinary tract infection declined among people with type 2 diabetes though it was stable in other groups. The rate of hospitalisation for respiratory tract infections was stable among people with type 1 diabetes but increased in other groups. The rate of hospitalisation for gastrointestinal infection was stable in all cohorts. CONCLUSION Hospitalisation rates for infection have increased more rapidly over time in people with diabetes than in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berhanu Elfu Feleke
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Shaw
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gonzalez CE, Vaidya RS, Clayton SW, Tang SY. Secreted chemokines reveal diverse inflammatory and degenerative processes in the intervertebral disc of the STZ-HFD mouse model of Type 2 diabetes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.31.605332. [PMID: 39131361 PMCID: PMC11312574 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.31.605332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The chronic inflammation present in type 2 diabetes causes many chronic inflammatory comorbidities, including cardiovascular, renal, and neuropathic complications. Type 2 diabetes is also associated with a number of spinal pathologies, including intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and chronic neck and back pain. Although confounding factors such as obesity are thought to increase the loads to the musculoskeletal system and subsequent degeneration, studies have shown that even after adjusting age, body mass index, and genetics (e.g. twins), patients with diabetes suffer from disproportionately more IVD degeneration and back pain. Yet the tissue-specific responses of the IVD during diabetes remains relatively unknown. We hypothesize that chronic diabetes fosters a proinflammatory microenvironment within the IVD that accelerates degeneration and increases susceptibility to painful disorders. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated two commonly used mouse models of diabetes - the leptin-receptor deficient mouse (db/db) and the chronic high-fat diet in mice with impaired beta-cell function (STZ-HFD). The db/db is a genetic model that spontaneous develop diabetes through hyperphagia, while the STZ-HFD mouse first exhibits rapid obesity development under HFD and pronounced insulin resistance following streptozotocin administration. Both animal models were allowed to develop sustained diabetes for at least twelve weeks, as defined by elevated hemoglobin A1C, hyperglycemia, and glucose intolerance. Following the twelve-week period, the IVDs were extracted in quantified in several measures including tissue-specific secreted cytokines, viscoelastic mechanical behavior, structural composition, and histopathologic degeneration. Although there were no differences in mechanical function or the overall structure of the IVD, the STZ-HFD IVDs were more degenerated. More notably, the STZ-HFD model shows a significantly higher fold increase for eight cytokines: CXCL2, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL12 (monocyte/macrophage associated), IL-2, CXCL9 (T-cell associated), and CCL5 (pleiotropic). Correlative network analyses revealed that the expression of cytokines differentially regulated between the db/db and the STZ-HFD models. Moreover, the STZ-HFD contained a fragmented and modular cytokine network, indicating greater complexities in the regulatory network. Taken together, the STZ-HFD model of type 2 diabetes may better recapitulate the complexities of the chronic inflammatory processes in the IVD during diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E. Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Rachana S. Vaidya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sade W. Clayton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Simon Y. Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
- Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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15
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Ding L, Yang L, Ren D, Gao X, Zhang J, Liu M, Sun L, Diao Q, Feng S, Wen A, Wang J. Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic, and Safety Profiles of Proline Henagliflozin in Chinese Subjects with Varying Degrees of Liver Dysfunction. J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 64:1015-1022. [PMID: 38686508 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Proline henagliflozin, a novel selective inhibitor of sodium glucose cotransporter 2, is a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. We designed a parallel-group, open-label, and multicenter study to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK), pharmacodynamic (PD), and safety profiles of henagliflozin in Chinese subjects with varying degrees of liver dysfunction. Thirty-two subjects were enrolled and divided into four groups based on liver function (normal liver function, mild, moderate, or severe liver dysfunction). The area under the plasma concentration from time zero to infinity of henagliflozin in subjects with mild liver dysfunction, moderate liver dysfunction, and severe liver dysfunction compared with normal liver function was increased by 137%, 197%, and 204%, respectively. The maximum plasma concentration was also increased by 123%, 129%, and 139%, respectively. PK parameters of three metabolites varied to different degrees in the liver dysfunction groups than in the normal liver function group. The mean accumulative excretion amounts and fraction of dose excreted in urine expressed as a percentage were all increased with the decrease of liver function. The PD parameters were significantly higher in liver dysfunction groups than those in the normal liver function group. However, the urine creatinine (UCr) was not significantly different among the groups. No notable adverse events or adverse drug reactions were observed. Due to the higher exposures in subjects with liver dysfunction, the benefit: risk ratio should be individually assessed because the long-term safety profile and efficacy have not been specifically studied in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Danjun Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohua Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juanli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meiyou Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Lianyungang, China
| | - Qingbo Diao
- Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Lianyungang, China
| | - Sheng Feng
- Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Lianyungang, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Qian Z, Ping L, Dongming X, Xuelin Z. Slow-velocity eccentric-only resistance training improves symptoms of type 2 diabetic mellitus patients by regulating plasma MMP-2 and -9. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38855. [PMID: 39029066 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the intervention effect of slow-velocity eccentric-only resistance training on type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients based on the role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and -9) in regulating extracellular matrix homeostasis. METHODS 50 T2DM patients were randomly divided into the slow-velocity eccentric-only resistance training group (E) and control group (C). The E group performed eccentric-only resistance training 3 times a week, every other day for 10 weeks, while the C group did not. Blood samples were collected before and after training, and subjects were tested for changes in clinical parameters, insulin resistance indices [fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], MMP-2 and -9, and hydroxyproline, and muscle strength (12-RM), respectively. RESULTS After 10 weeks of training, the E group showed significant decreases in fasting glucose (P < .05), insulin (P < .05), insulin resistance indices (P < .05), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (P < .01), triglycerides (P = .06) and MMP-2 (P < .05), while total cholesterol (P < .05), MMP-9 (P < .05), hydroxyproline (P < .01), Creatine Kinase (CK) (P < .05), and muscle strength (P < .001) significantly increased. There were no significant changes in the count of neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). Compared with the C group, the E group showed a trend of a significant decrease in triglyceride (P < .05), lymphocyte count (P < .05), fasting glucose (P = .07), and plasma MMP-2 (P < .05), while MMP-9 (P < .05), hydroxyproline (P < .001), and muscle strength (P < .01) significantly increased. However, no significant changes were observed in insulin and insulin resistance indices, HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, CK, and other inflammatory indicators. CONCLUSIONS Slow-velocity eccentric-only resistance training was beneficial for T2DM, but the potential role of MMP-2 and -9 in regulating extracellular matrix homeostasis is very different in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Qian
- College of Physical Education, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
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17
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Topkan E, Senyurek S, Kılic Durankus N, Ozturk D, Selek U. Novel Somay's GLUCAR Index Efficiently Predicts Survival Outcomes in Locally Advanced Pancreas Cancer Patients Receiving Definitive Chemoradiotherapy: A Propensity-Score-Matched Cohort Analysis. J Pers Med 2024; 14:746. [PMID: 39064000 PMCID: PMC11278407 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to investigate the prognostic value of a novel GLUCAR index [Glucose × (C-reactive protein ÷ albumin)] in unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LA-NPC) patients who received definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS The PSM analysis comprised 142 LA-PAC patients subjected to definitive CCRT. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to identify relevant pre-CCRT cutoffs that could effectively stratify survival results. The primary and secondary objectives were the correlations between the pre-CCRT GLUCAR measures and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS The ROC analysis revealed significance at 43.3 for PFS [area under the curve (AUC): 85.1%; sensitivity: 76.8%; specificity: 74.2%; J-index: 0.510)] and 42.8 for OS (AUC: 81.8%; sensitivity: 74.2%; specificity: 71.7%; J-index: 0.459). Given that these cutoff points were close, the standard cutoff point, 42.8, was selected for further analysis. Comparative survival analyses showed that pre-CCRT GLUCAR ≥ 42.8 (n = 71) measures were associated with significantly shorter median PFS (4.7 vs. 15.8 months; p < 0.001) and OS (10.1 vs. 25.4 months; p < 0.001) durations compared to GLUCAR < 42.8 measures (n = 71). The multivariate analysis results confirmed the independent significance of the GLUCAR index on PFS (p < 0.001) and OS (p < 0.001) outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Elevated pre-CCRT GLUCAR levels are robustly and independently linked to significantly poorer PFS and OS outcomes in unresectable LA-PAC patients treated with definitive CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Topkan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Adana 01120, Turkey
| | - Sukran Senyurek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; (S.S.); (N.K.D.); (U.S.)
| | - Nulifer Kılic Durankus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; (S.S.); (N.K.D.); (U.S.)
| | - Duriye Ozturk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey;
| | - Ugur Selek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; (S.S.); (N.K.D.); (U.S.)
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He L, Yang J, Fang Y. Longitudinal analysis on inflammatory markers and frailty progression: based on the English longitudinal study of aging. Eur Geriatr Med 2024:10.1007/s41999-024-00998-9. [PMID: 38987423 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-024-00998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Frailty is a common health state that is closely linked to adverse health outcomes in aging society. Although many inflammatory biomarkers have been cross-sectionally associated with frailty, knowledge on the longitudinal association is still limited. This study investigated the associations between inflammatory factors in clinical practice and frailty progression over time. METHODS To investigate the associations of three common inflammatory markers (hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hsCRP], white blood cell [WBC] and fibrinogen) with the progression of frailty. METHODS Data of 2316 participants (age 67.9 ± 6.1 years) were obtained from the English longitudinal study of aging (wave 4, 6 and 8) over an 8-year follow-up. The frailty index (FI) was calculated from 52 items. Mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards (Cox-PH) models were used to analyze the associations of hsCRP, WBC and fibrinogen with frailty progression. Values of inflammatory biomarkers were log-transformed. Age, sex and gross wealth were controlled. RESULTS Mixed-effects models showed that at a cross-sectional level, higher levels of hsCRP (β: 0.007, 95% CI 0.004-0.010), WBC (β: 0.021, 95% CI 0.010-0.032) and fibrinogen (β: 0.022, 95% CI 0.005-0.038) were associated with greater FI values while no significant time interaction was found. Cox-PH models showed that higher baseline levels of hsCRP (HR: 1.10, 95% CI 1.03-1.17) and WBC (HR: 1.23, 95% CI 1.10-1.37) were linked to a greater risk of developing frailty within 8 years. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that hsCRP, WBC and fibrinogen can reflect frailty status at a cross-sectional level while only hsCRP and WBC are associated with frailty progression over an 8-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao He
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jinzhu Yang
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ya Fang
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Liao TI, Ho CY, Chin SC, Wang YC, Chan KC, Chen SL. Sequential Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Deep Neck Infections: Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics of Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1383. [PMID: 39057526 PMCID: PMC11276557 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep neck infections (DNIs) can compromise the airway and are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that is associated with several comorbidities. We compared the clinical characteristics of DNI patients with and without DM. METHODS This study recorded the relevant clinical variables of 383 patients with DNIs between November 2016 and September 2022; of those patients, 147 (38.38%) had DM. The clinical factors between DNI patients with and without DM were assessed. RESULTS Patients with DM were older (p < 0.001), had higher white blood cell counts (p = 0.029) and C-reactive protein levels (CRP, p < 0.001), had a greater number of deep neck spaces (p = 0.002) compared to patients without DM, and had longer hospital stays (p < 0.001). Klebsiella pneumoniae was cultured more frequently from patients with DM than those without DM (p = 0.002). A higher CRP level (OR = 1.0094, 95% CI: 1.0047-1.0142, p < 0.001) was a significant independent risk factor for DM patients with prolonged hospitalization. The lengths of hospital stays in patients with poorly controlled DM were longer than those with well-controlled DM (p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS DNI disease severity and outcomes were worse in patients with DM than those without DM. Antibiotics effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae should be used for DNI patients with DM. DNI patients with DM and high CRP levels had more prolonged hospitalizations. Appropriate blood glucose control is essential for DNI patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-I Liao
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-I.L.); (C.-Y.H.); (S.-C.C.); (K.-C.C.)
| | - Chia-Ying Ho
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-I.L.); (C.-Y.H.); (S.-C.C.); (K.-C.C.)
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Shy-Chyi Chin
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-I.L.); (C.-Y.H.); (S.-C.C.); (K.-C.C.)
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan;
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chieh Chan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-I.L.); (C.-Y.H.); (S.-C.C.); (K.-C.C.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lung Chen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-I.L.); (C.-Y.H.); (S.-C.C.); (K.-C.C.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
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20
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Chen T, He H, Tang W, Liu Z, Zhang H. Association of blood trihalomethane concentrations with diabetes mellitus in older adults in the US: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2013-2018. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1401131. [PMID: 39040674 PMCID: PMC11260783 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1401131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated that there is a correlation between trihalomethanes and disease progression, such as allergic diseases. As we know, only few studies focused on the relationship between trihalomethanes and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Objective The aim of this study was to further explore the associations between blood trihalomethane concentrations and diabetes mellitus in older adults in the US. Methods Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) database in the survey cycle during 2013 to 2018, including 2,511 older adults in the US whose blood trihalomethane concentrations were measured, involving chloroform (TCM) and brominated trihalomethanes (Br-THMs). Br-THMs include bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), and bromoform (TBM). Meanwhile, the concentration of total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) was also measured later. A multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were used to examine the relationship between blood THMs and diabetes mellitus. Meanwhile, we performed a subgroup analysis, which aims to explore the stability of this relationship in different subgroups. In order to further consider the impact of various disinfection by-products on diabetes, we also used weighted quantile sum (WQS). To explore the correlation in trihalomethanes, we plot a correlation heatmap. Results Adjusting for potential confounders, we found that there was a significant negative association between chloroform and diabetes mellitus [Model 1 (adjusted for covariates including age, sex, and race, OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.50-1.02; p = 0.068; p for trend = 0.094); Model 2 (adjusted for all covariates, OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.48-0.96; p = 0.029; p for trend = 0.061)]. In the bromodichloromethane, we reached a conclusion that is similar to TCM [Model 1 (adjusted for covariates including age, sex, and race, OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35-0.82; p = 0.005; p for trend = 0.002); Model 2 (adjusted for all covariates, OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35-0.82; p = 0.003; p for trend = 0.002)]. Meanwhile, the restricted cubic spline curve also further confirms this result (p overall = 0.0027; p overall< 0.001). Based on the analysis in the subgroups, we found that the value p for interaction in the majority of subgroups is higher than 0.1. Trihalomethanes and diabetes were inversely associated, and in the WQS, chloroform and bromodichloromethane were found to be the major contributors to this relationship. In the correlation analysis, we found that most trihalomethanes have a weak correlation, except for TBM and TCM with a strong correlation. Conclusion Our results in this study showed that blood chloroform, bromodichloromethane concentrations, and diabetes mellitus in older adults in the US are negatively correlated, suggesting that chloroform and bromodichloromethane can be protective factors for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuotuo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haiqing He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Allen N, Aitchison AH, Abar B, Burbano J, Montgomery M, Droz L, Danilkowicz R, Adams S. Healthy and diabetic primary human osteoblasts exhibit varying phenotypic profiles in high and low glucose environments on 3D-printed titanium surfaces. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1346094. [PMID: 39022341 PMCID: PMC11251957 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1346094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The revolution of orthopedic implant manufacturing is being driven by 3D printing of titanium implants for large bony defects such as those caused by diabetic Charcot arthropathy. Unlike traditional subtractive manufacturing of orthopedic implants, 3D printing fuses titanium powder layer-by-layer, creating a unique surface roughness that could potentially enhance osseointegration. However, the metabolic impairments caused by diabetes, including negative alterations of bone metabolism, can lead to nonunion and decreased osseointegration with traditionally manufactured orthopedic implants. This study aimed to characterize the response of both healthy and diabetic primary human osteoblasts cultured on a medical-grade 3D-printed titanium surface under high and low glucose conditions. Methods Bone samples were obtained from six patients, three with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and three without. Primary osteoblasts were isolated and cultured on 3D-printed titanium discs in high (4.5 g/L D-glucose) and low glucose (1 g/L D-Glucose) media. Cellular morphology, matrix deposition, and mineralization were assessed using scanning electron microscopy and alizarin red staining. Alkaline phosphatase activity and L-lactate concentration was measured in vitro to assess functional osteoblastic activity and cellular metabolism. Osteogenic gene expression of BGLAP, COL1A1, and BMP7 was analyzed using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Diabetic osteoblasts were nonresponsive to variations in glucose levels compared to their healthy counterparts. Alkaline phosphatase activity, L-lactate production, mineral deposition, and osteogenic gene expression remained unchanged in diabetic osteoblasts under both glucose conditions. In contrast, healthy osteoblasts exhibited enhanced functional responsiveness in a high glucose environment and showed a significant increase in osteogenic gene expression of BGLAP, COL1A1, and BMP7 (p<.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that diabetic osteoblasts exhibit impaired responsiveness to variations in glucose concentrations, emphasizing potential osteoblast dysfunction in diabetes. This could have implications for post-surgery glucose management strategies in patients with diabetes. Despite the potential benefits of 3D printing for orthopedic implants, particularly for diabetic Charcot collapse, our results call for further research to optimize these interventions for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Samuel Adams
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Alhajaji R, Samkari MM, Althobaiti MA, Al-Ahmadi BR, Bugis AM, Bugis AM, Sabbagh FY, Althobaiti SA, Bukari AS, Alqurashi SM, Mshrai HA, Abdelwahab OA. Diabetes mellitus and the risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Saudi Med 2024; 44:272-287. [PMID: 39127903 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2024.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) represents a critical and potentially lethal condition that typically develops in individuals with liver cirrhosis. This meta-analysis aimed to assess diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor for SBP in liver cirrhotic patients. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, fifteen studies were included, for a total of 76 815 patients. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). We represented the results as risk ratios (RR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) using RevMan software. Additionally, we pooled the hazard ratios (HR) for developing SBP in patients with DM from the included studies. RESULTS The meta-analysis shows a significantly increased risk of SBP in cirrhotic patients with DM (HR: 1.26; 95% CI [1.05-1.51], P=.01; HR: 1.70; 95% CI [1.32-2.18], P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The study signifies that DM is an independent risk factor for SBP, emphasizing the need for targeted preventive measures in this specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad Alhajaji
- From the Department of Public Health, Makkah Branch of the Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- From the Primary Healthcare Centers, Makkah Health Clusters, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mona A Althobaiti
- From the Primary Healthcare Centers, Makkah Health Clusters, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Alaa Mohammed Bugis
- From the Primary Healthcare Centers, Makkah Health Clusters, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Mohammed Bugis
- From the College of Medicine and Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Amro S Bukari
- From the Primary Healthcare Centers, Makkah Health Clusters, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hana Abdullah Mshrai
- From the Primary Healthcare Centers, Makkah Health Clusters, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Hasona NA, Moneim AA, Mohammed EA, Twab NAA, Azeem AAA, Teryak GM, Ewiss SS, Khalil RG. Osteocalcin, miR-143, and miR-145 Expression in Long-Standing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Correlation with HbA1c. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:421-428. [PMID: 39005871 PMCID: PMC11239619 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate management and control of hyperglycemia predisposes diabetic patients to a wide range of complications. Thus, this opens new windows for exploring and scrutinizing novel candidate biomarkers. This study was designed to scrutinize the relationship between HbA1c, osteocalcin, calcium, phosphorus, and expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 in individuals with T1DM and explore their correlations and diagnostic potential for T1DM. 120 unrelated participants were included (i.e., 90 participants with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 30 healthy controls) and were allocated into two groups. Participants with T1DM were allocated into three subgroups (i.e., below 1 year, 1-8 years, and over 8 years) based on diabetic duration. Participants with T1DM experienced noticeable HbA1c elevation. However, osteocalcin, phosphorus, and calcium profiles notably declined in participants with diabetes compared with those in healthy controls. Moreover, the expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 decreased in participants with diabetes with a significant difference between participants with diabetes and healthy controls. Additionally, significant alterations in HbA1c, osteocalcin, phosphorus, and calcium profiles and expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 were observed with increasing diabetic duration (T1DM > 8 years compared with those with a diabetes duration of less than 1 year). This study suggests that miR-143 and miR-145 are prospective biomarkers of diabetes mellitus, which may help predict the progression of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A. Hasona
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salim St., Beni Suef, 62511 Egypt
- Beni Suef National University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Adel Abdel Moneim
- Molecular Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Esraa A. Mohammed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Aya A. Abdel Azeem
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Gehad M. Teryak
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Sheryhan Sh. Ewiss
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Rehab G. Khalil
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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24
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El Gazzar WB, Bayoumi H, Youssef HS, Ibrahim TA, Abdelfatah RM, Gamil NM, Iskandar MK, Abdel-Kareim AM, Abdelrahman SM, Gebba MA, Mohamed MA, Mokhtar MM, Kharboush TG, Bayoumy NM, Alomar HA, Farag AA. Role of IRE1α/XBP1/CHOP/NLRP3 Signalling Pathway in Neonicotinoid Imidacloprid-Induced Pancreatic Dysfunction in Rats and Antagonism of Lycopene: In Vivo and Molecular Docking Simulation Approaches. TOXICS 2024; 12:445. [PMID: 39058097 PMCID: PMC11281275 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI) is a commonly used new-generation pesticide that has numerous harmful effects on non-targeted organisms, including animals. This study analysed both the adverse effects on the pancreas following oral consumption of imidacloprid neonicotinoids (45 mg/kg daily for 30 days) and the potential protective effects of lycopene (LYC) administration (10 mg/kg/day for 30 days) with IMI exposure in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The apoptotic, pyroptotic, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress biomarkers were evaluated, along with the histopathological alterations. Upon IMI administration, noticeable changes were observed in pancreatic histopathology. Additionally, elevated oxidative/endoplasmic reticulum-associated stress biomarkers, inflammatory, pyroptotic, and apoptotic biomarkers were also observed following IMI administration. LYC effectively reversed these alterations by reducing oxidative stress markers (e.g., MDA) and enhancing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT). It downregulated ER stress markers (IRE1α, XBP1, CHOP), decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β), and suppressed pyroptotic (NLRP3, caspase-1) along with apoptotic markers (Bax, cleaved caspase-3). It also improved the histopathological and ultrastructure alterations brought on by IMI toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Heba Bayoumi
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (H.B.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Heba S. Youssef
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (H.S.Y.); (T.A.I.)
| | - Tayseer A. Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (H.S.Y.); (T.A.I.)
| | - Reham M. Abdelfatah
- Department of Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Noha M. Gamil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12573, Egypt;
| | - Mervat K. Iskandar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (M.K.I.); (A.M.A.-K.)
| | - Amal M. Abdel-Kareim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (M.K.I.); (A.M.A.-K.)
| | - Shaymaa M. Abdelrahman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed A. Gebba
- Department of Anatomy& Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Mona Atya Mohamed
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (H.B.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Maha M. Mokhtar
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Tayseir G. Kharboush
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Nervana M. Bayoumy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hatun A. Alomar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amina A. Farag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
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25
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Rasakanya TL, Osuch E. Effects of metformin on arterial elasticity and pro-inflammatory markers in black diabetes patients. Health SA 2024; 29:2419. [PMID: 38962295 PMCID: PMC11220136 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v29i0.2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pro-inflammatory markers are linked with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial stiffening. Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and Augmentation Index (Aix) are non-invasive standard markers of arterial elasticity and predictors of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Aim To investigate the effects of metformin alone and in combination with glimepiride on arterial elasticity, pro-inflammatory cytokines in black type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Settings Participants were enrolled from Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University community, Gauteng, South Africa. Methods PWV and Aix were measured using the AtCor SphygmoCor® system (AtCor Medical, Inc., Sydney, Australia). Cytokines levels were measured using Multiplexing with Bio-Plex Pro™ human inflammation panel I assay. Treatment naïve type 2 diabetes participants were divided into two groups: metformin (M) (n = 10) and metformin glimepiride (MS) (n = 14). The study participants were followed up at 4 and 8 months after treatment initiation. Results In the M and MS, IL-1β increased significantly at four months (58.19 ± 0.03 pg/ml, 58.35 ± 0.30 pg/ml) when compared to baseline (33.05 ± 18.56 pg/ml, 34.79 ± 18.77 pg/ml) then decreased significantly at eight months (29.25 ± 11.64 pg/ml, 32.54 ± 14.26 pg/ml) when compared to four months (58.19 ± 0.03 pg/ml, 58.35 ± 0.3 pg/ml) (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in PWV, Aix, IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and hs-CRP levels at both treatment intervals. Conclusion Metformin alone or in combination with glimepiride did not improve arterial elasticity and did not reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in T2DM black South African patients. Contribution The context-based knowledge generated by the current study is expected to enhance the continuum of care for T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsakani L Rasakanya
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Elzbieta Osuch
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Pretoria, South Africa
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Kong X, Zhang Y, Song K, He M, Xian Y, Xie X, Cheng J, Ren Y. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for premenstrual syndrome symptoms in patients with obesity. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:3106-3114. [PMID: 38622225 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-10819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a pathological condition characterized by a series of abnormal physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms. We evaluated the effectiveness of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in the treatment of patients with obesity and PMS. METHODS In this case-control study, 131 patients with obesity (BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/cm2) diagnosed with moderate-to-severe PMS from March 2018 to March 2022 were prospectively selected to undergo LSG or not at their own discretion. Participants self-reported their PMS severity using the Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool. Among them, 68 patients chose LSG surgery, and 63 control group patients were followed up without surgery. Data were recorded at baseline and at 3 months post-treatment. We used a multivariate analysis to assess the improvement in PMS symptoms and associated factors. RESULTS Of the 131 patients with obesity and PMS, the improvement rate of PMS in the LSG group was 57.35% (n = 39), while the improvement rate of PMS in the control group was 25.40% (n = 16). Furthermore, our study revealed that surgery is an independent factor affecting the improvement of patients with PMS. Additionally, there was a correlation between alcohol use, T2DM and obesity-related metabolic diseases, and BMI with PMS. The changes in BMI, testosterone, and estradiol(E2) levels may also contribute to the improvement of patients with obesity and PMS. CONCLUSION LSG can improve the management of obesity in patients with PMS to some extent. Changes in BMI, testosterone, and E2 may be indicative of improvement in patients with obesity and PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxin Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Gastroenterology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Gastroenterology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Gastroenterology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yin Xian
- Nanchong Psychosomatic Hospital, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Junming Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yixing Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, South Maoyuan Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China.
- General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, China.
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Sahle Z, Engidaye G, Shenkute Gebreyes D, Adenew B, Abebe TA. Fecal microbiota transplantation and next-generation therapies: A review on targeting dysbiosis in metabolic disorders and beyond. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241257486. [PMID: 38826830 PMCID: PMC11143861 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241257486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome, particularly the gut microbiome, has emerged as a central determinant of health and disease. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbial composition of the gut, is associated with a variety of metabolic and other diseases, highlighting the potential for microbiota-targeted treatments. Fecal microbiota transplantation has received considerable attention as a promising therapy to modulate the gut microbiome and restore microbial homeostasis. However, challenges remain, including standardization, safety, and long-term efficacy. This review summarizes current knowledge on fecal microbiota transplantation and describes the next generation therapies targeting microbiome. This review looked at the mechanistic understanding of fecal microbiota transplantation and alternative strategies, elucidating their potential role in improving dysbiosis-associated metabolic disorders, such as obesity, and type 2 diabetes and others. Additionally, this review discussed the growing application of therapies targeting the gut microbiome. Insights from clinical trials, preclinical studies, and emerging technologies provide a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of microbiome-based interventions. Through a critical assessment of current advances and prospects, this review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting gut microbiome and pave the way for innovative approaches in precision medicine and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenawork Sahle
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Getabalew Engidaye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Demissew Shenkute Gebreyes
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Adenew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Debre Berhan Compressive Specialized Hospital, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Tsegahun Asfaw Abebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
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Dungu AM, Lundgaard AT, Ryrsø CK, Hegelund MH, Jensen AV, Kristensen PL, Krogh-Madsen R, Faurholt-Jepsen D, Ostrowski SR, Banasik K, Lindegaard B. Inflammatory and endothelial host responses in community-acquired pneumonia: exploring the relationships with HbA1c, admission plasma glucose, and glycaemic gap-a cross-sectional study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1372300. [PMID: 38840922 PMCID: PMC11150596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1372300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is associated with dysregulated immune function and impaired cytokine release, while transient acute hyperglycaemia has been shown to enhance inflammatory cytokine release in preclinical studies. Although diabetes and acute hyperglycaemia are common among patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the impact of chronic, acute, and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia on the host response within this population remains poorly understood. This study investigated whether chronic, acute, and acute-on- chronic hyperglycaemia are associated with distinct mediators of inflammatory, endothelial, and angiogenic host response pathways in patients with CAP. Methods In a cross-sectional study of 555 patients with CAP, HbA1c, admission plasma (p)-glucose, and the glycaemic gap (admission p-glucose minus HbA1c- derived average p-glucose) were employed as measures of chronic, acute, and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia, respectively. Linear regression was used to model the associations between the hyperglycaemia measures and 47 proteins involved in inflammation, endothelial activation, and angiogenesis measured at admission. The models were adjusted for age, sex, CAP severity, pathogen, immunosuppression, comorbidity, and body mass index. Adjustments for multiple testing were performed with a false discovery rate threshold of less than 0.05. Results The analyses showed that HbA1c levels were positively associated with IL-8, IL-15, IL-17A/F, IL-1RA, sFlt-1, and VEGF-C. Admission plasma glucose was also positively associated with these proteins and GM-CSF. The glycaemic gap was positively associated with IL-8, IL-15, IL-17A/F, IL-2, and VEGF-C. Conclusion In conclusion, chronic, acute, and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia were positively associated with similar host response mediators. Furthermore, acute and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia had unique associations with the inflammatory pathways involving GM-CSF and IL-2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Matovu Dungu
- Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Agnete Troen Lundgaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Koch Ryrsø
- Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hilleroed, Denmark
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Hein Hegelund
- Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Andreas Vestergaard Jensen
- Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Peter Lommer Kristensen
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hilleroed, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Krogh-Madsen
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Lindegaard
- Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hilleroed, Denmark
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wang S, Zhao S, Jin S, Ye T, Xinling P. Sepsis risk in diabetic patients with urinary tract infection. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303557. [PMID: 38771840 PMCID: PMC11108167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTI) is a prevalent condition in those with diabetes, and in severe cases, it may escalate to sepsis. Therefore, it is important to analyze the risk variables associated with sepsis in diabetes individuals with UTI. METHODS This research was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis. From January 2011 to June 2022, a group of individuals with diabetes were identified as having UTI at a tertiary hospital situated in Southeastern China. Patient data, including information on urine culture, was collected retrospectively from a clinical record database. The participants were categorized into the sepsis and non-sepsis groups. The risk variables were derived using both uni-and multiple- variable regression analysis. RESULTS The research included 1919 patients, of whom 1106 cases (57.63%) had positive urine cultures. In total, 445 blood culture samples were tested, identifying 186 positive cases (41.80%). The prevalence of bacteria in urine and blood samples was highest for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. Moreover, 268 individuals (13.97%) exhibited sepsis. The regression analysis indicated a positive correlation between sepsis and albumin (ALB)<34.35 g/L, C-reactive protein (CRP)>55.84 mg/L and white blood cell count (WBC) >8.485 X 109/L in diabetic cases with UTIs. By integrating the three aforementioned parameters, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.809. CONCLUSIONS The early detection of sepsis in diabetic individuals with UTI may be achieved using a comprehensive analysis of CRP, WBC, and ALB test findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Dongyang Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Dongyang Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Dongyang Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tinghua Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Dongyang Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Xinling
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Dongyang Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
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Khatun S, Ogawa M, Uchizawa A, Hoshi D, Tamai S, Momma R, Kondo E, Watanabe K, Sagayama H. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is independently associated with the bioelectrical impedance phase angle in junior sumo wrestlers: A pilot study. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16045. [PMID: 38740565 PMCID: PMC11090887 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The study explores the relationship between phase angle (PhA), an indicator of cellular health, and metabolic health parameters among junior sumo wrestlers in Japan. Given the demanding lifestyle and high-energy diets of sumo wrestlers that predispose them to metabolic syndrome post-retirement, this study focuses on a younger cohort. The primary aim is to evaluate if PhA could serve as an early indicator of metabolic health issues within this unique demographic. A total of 14 sumo wrestlers aged 9-17 years were assessed to determine the relationship between PhA and various metabolic markers, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), using a TANITA MC-780A-N body composition analyzer and standard blood tests. Bivariate regression analysis and Pearson's correlation revealed a negative relationship between PhA and HbA1c even after adjusting for age and weight (ß = -0.496, r2 = 0.776, r = -0.756, p = 0.004). The results indicate a significant negative relationship between PhA and HbA1c levels, suggesting that lower PhA values, which indicate poorer cellular integrity, are associated with higher HbA1c levels, signifying impaired glycemic control. These findings underscore the potential of PhA as a valuable biomarker for monitoring metabolic health in young sumo wrestlers, with implications for early intervention and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraiya Khatun
- Doctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Miori Ogawa
- Department of PediatricsJapanese Red Cross Nasu HospitalTochigiJapan
- Institute of Health and Sports SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Akiko Uchizawa
- Institute of Health and Sports SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Daisuke Hoshi
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Shinsuke Tamai
- Department of Sport Science and ResearchJapan Institute of Sports SciencesTokyoJapan
| | - Reiko Momma
- Department of Sport Science and ResearchJapan Institute of Sports SciencesTokyoJapan
| | - Emi Kondo
- Institute of Health and Sports SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Institute of Health and Sports SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Institute of Health and Sports SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP)University of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
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Mohd Zaidan KN, Mohammad Razali A, Md Noh MSF, Md Saleh R, Mohd Isa M. Herpes Zoster Optic Neuritis: A Catastrophe of a Disease. Cureus 2024; 16:e60387. [PMID: 38883008 PMCID: PMC11178973 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Isolated herpes zoster optic neuritis is a rare sequelae of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). It can occur in the acute phase of HZO, or as post-herpetic complications. We report a case of a young patient with poorly controlled diabetes who developed herpes zoster optic neuritis one month after the initial skin manifestation despite completing a two-week course of oral acyclovir 800 mg five times a day. He complained of a five-day history of sudden onset, painless left eye blurring of vision. His vision over the left eye was no light perception with the presence of a left relative afferent pupillary defect. Fundus examination of the left eye revealed a swollen optic disc. Magnetic resonance imaging showed minimal fat streakiness over the left orbit. He was treated with one week of intravenous methylprednisolone 1 g/day, followed by a tapering dose of oral prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day) together with oral acyclovir 800 mg five times a day for another week. His visual acuity remained poor with a slight improvement in vision to hand motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairun Nisa Mohd Zaidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MYS
| | - Amirah Mohammad Razali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MYS
| | - Mohamad Syafeeq Faeez Md Noh
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MYS
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MYS
| | - Rafidah Md Saleh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MYS
| | - Muhammad Mohd Isa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MYS
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Md Hanif SA, Hassan MR, Rafi’i MR, Abdul Halim AFN, Ahmad Zamzuri M‘AI, Ismail M, Ibrahim SS, Mihat M, Rejali L, Zubir MH, Mahadi MS, Ahmad Ismail S, Ganesan V, Mohd Fadzil MF. Understanding The Mimicker: Epidemiological Pattern and Determinant of Melioidosis Mortality in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012147. [PMID: 38709822 PMCID: PMC11098469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melioidosis, a tropical infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is epidemic in most region in Southeast Asia with high case fatality. However, there is scanty information regarding the disease's epidemiological pattern, demographics, and underlying risk factors. METHOD This 5-year retrospective study of 185 confirmed cases which were taken from the Negeri Sembilan Melioidosis Registry between 2018 and 2022. We aim to describe the incidence, mortality rate, case fatality, relationship with meteorology, and factors that influence mortality in this central region of Peninsular Malaysia. RESULTS Incidence rate (IR) of melioidosis in Negeri Sembilan is varied at 1.9 to 5.1 with mean of 3.1 in 100,000 population per year. IR varied between districts in the state from zero to 22.01 in 100,000 population per year. Mortality rate were ranged from 0.17 to 0.74 cases with mean of 0.44 cases in 100,000 population per year. The case fatality rate of this state scattered from 8.70% to 16.67%. There were no significant linear associations between cases and deaths with monthly rainfall and humidity. The mean age of patients was 52.8 years, predominated with age around 41-60 years old. Males (77.8%) predominated, and the majority of cases were Malays (88.9%) and had exposed to soil related activities (74.6%). Mortality from melioidosis was more likely in Bumiputera and non-Malaysians (p<0.05). Patients who had at least one comorbidity were at a higher risk of death from melioidosis (p<0.05). Diabetes mellitus was found in 41.1% of all identified cases, making it a major underlying risk factor for both developing and dying from melioidosis (aOR:19.32, 95%CI:1.91-195.59, p<0.05). Hypertension and mortality status in melioidosis are also significantly correlated (aOR: 7.75, 95% CI: 2.26-26.61, p<0.05). CONCLUSION The epidemiological patterns of cases reported from Negeri Sembilan are consistent for the most part from previous studies in other states in Malaysia and global with regard to its incidence, case fatality, demographic and predisposing chronic diseases. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were significantly linked to increased mortality among all determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrul Azhar Md Hanif
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ridzwan Rafi’i
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Farid Nazmi Abdul Halim
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Muhammad Ismail
- State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Salwa Ibrahim
- State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Massitah Mihat
- State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Lokman Rejali
- State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Habiruddin Zubir
- State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | | | - Shazwanis Ahmad Ismail
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Veshny Ganesan
- Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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Thummajitsakul S, Suppasat T, Silprasit K. Glucosidase inhibition and compound identification of stingless bee honey and preserved fruits of Citrus japonica. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29740. [PMID: 38681540 PMCID: PMC11053177 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Food preservation has many benefits, such as increasing shelf life, retaining nutritional values and biological activities. In the current study, total phenolic content (TCP), antioxidant and anti-glucosidase activities, and kinetic of glucose inhibition of stingless bee honey, honey mixed with fruits, and extracts of Citrus japonica were evaluated by measuring color of a reaction using a spectrophotometer. The result showed that high TPC was found in ethanol extract of C. japonica leaves and fruits (26.79 ± 6.94 and 12.79 ± 0.87 mg of gallic acid per g extract), while stingless bee honey revealed the highest antioxidant activity (1/EC50 = 0.2921) and honey mixed with fruits revealed the strongest anti-glucosidase activity (1/EC50 = 1.8181), significantly (P-value <0.05). Kinetic of glucosidase inhibition of honey were found as uncompetitive and mixed competitive inhibition, while the honey mixed with fruits showed mixed competitive inhibition. The FTIR and GC-MS analysis demonstrated the presence of several bioactive compounds. Very strong positive relationship between total phenolic content with GC-MS data was found (r = 0.926, P-value < 0.05). This knowledge confirmed that stingless bee honey and honey mixed with fruits had greater anti-diabatic potential in comparison with the extracts of C. japonica leaves and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirikul Thummajitsakul
- Division of Health Promotion, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, 26120, Nakhon-Nayok, Thailand
| | - Tipwan Suppasat
- Biology Program, School of Science, University of Phayao, 56000, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Kun Silprasit
- Faculty of Environmental Culture and Ecotourism, Srinakharinwirot University, 10110, Bangkok, Thailand
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Liu Y, Yang DQ, Jiang JN, Jiao Y. Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and colorectal polyp/colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:1008-1016. [PMID: 38690050 PMCID: PMC11056658 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i4.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays an important role in the development of gastric cancer, although its association to colorectal polyp (CP) or colorectal cancer (CRC) is unknown. In this issue of World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhang et al investigated the risk factors for H. pylori infection after colon polyp resection. Importantly, the researchers used R software to create a prediction model for H. pylori infection based on their findings. This editorial gives an overview of the association between H. pylori and CP/CRC, including the clinical significance of H. pylori as an independent risk factor for CP/CRC, the underlying processes of H. pylori-associated carcinogenesis, and the possible risk factors and identification of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ding-Quan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun-Nan Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
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Hao W, Liu W, Chang R, Yang M, Xin K, Liu J, Wang Y, Ren M, Xie J, Yang Y. Safety and clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer in the real world. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:180. [PMID: 38587528 PMCID: PMC11001672 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced gastric cancer in the real world. METHODS The retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical records of 402 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were admitted to the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between December 2017 and April 2022 and who had received immunotherapy. Observation target: drug use, treatment, adverse reaction type and grade, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS By retrospectively analyzing the data of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with ICIs previously admitted to our medical center, we found some clinical characteristic factors associated with the occurrence of irAEs as well as the efficacy and prognosis: the presence or absence of hypertension, whether or not to receive targeted therapies can predict the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and the more the presence of irAEs, the better the prognosis. These can help clinicians in clinical drug selection. CONCLUSIONS The results of this paper show that the occurrence of irAEs is associated with patients' OS. irAEs occurrence can prolong patients' OS. irAEs occurrence may serve as a surrogate marker for ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hao
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruimin Chang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Xin
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingxin Liu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijin Ren
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqi Xie
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Asghari KM, Saleh P, Salekzamani Y, Dolatkhah N, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Hashemian M. The effect of curcumin and high-content eicosapentaenoic acid supplementations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:14. [PMID: 38589346 PMCID: PMC11001914 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The present study investigated the effect of curcumin and eicosapentaenoic acid, as one the main components of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, on anthropometric, glucose homeostasis, and gene expression markers of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. SUBJECTS/METHODS This clinical trial was conducted at the Endocrinology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz. It aimed to determine the impact of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA), and curcumin supplements on various health indicators in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) from 2021.02.01 to 2022.02.01. The study was a randomized double-blinded clinical trial and conducted over 12 weeks with 100 participants randomly divided into four groups. Stratified randomization was used to assign participants to two months of supplementation based on sex and Body Mass Index (BMI). The study comprised four groups: Group 1 received 2 capsules of 500 mg EPA and 200 mg DHA, along with 1 nano-curcumin placebo; Group 2 received 1 capsule of 80 mg nano-curcumin and 2 omega 3 Fatty Acids placebos; Group 3 received 2 capsules of 500 mg EPA and 200 mg DHA, and 1 capsule of 80 mg nano-curcumin; Group 4, the control, received 2 omega 3 Fatty Acids placebos and 1 nano-curcumin placebo. RESULTS After twelve weeks of taking EPA + Nano-curcumin supplements, the patients experienced a statistically significant reduction in insulin levels in their blood [MD: -1.44 (-2.70, -0.17)]. This decrease was significantly greater than the changes observed in the placebo group [MD: -0.63 (-1.97, 0.69)]. The EPA + Nano-curcumin group also showed a significant decrease in High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) levels compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the EPA + Nano-curcumin group had a significant increase in Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) levels compared to the placebo group (p < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index, Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), or Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) levels between the four groups (all p > 0.05). There were significant differences between the Nano-curcumin and EPA groups [MD: -17.02 (-32.99, -1.05)], and between the Nano-curcumin and control groups [MD: -20.76 (-36.73, -4.79)] in terms of lowering the serum cholesterol level. The difference in Triglycerides (TG) serum levels between the EPA + Nano-curcumin and placebo groups were not statistically significant (p = 0.093). The Nano-curcumin group showed significant decreases in Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) levels compared to the EPA group [MD: -20.12 (-36.90, -3.34)] and the control group [MD: -20.79 (-37.57, -4.01)]. There was a near-to-significant difference in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) serum levels between the EPA + Nano-curcumin and EPA groups (p = 0.056). Finally, there were significant differences in the decrease of serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) levels between the EPA and Nano-curcumin groups [MD: -127.50 (-247.91, -7.09)], the EPA and placebo groups [MD: 126.25 (5.83, 246.66)], the EPA + Nano-curcumin and Nano-curcumin groups [MD: -122.76 (-243.17, -2.35)], and the EPA + Nano- curcumin and placebo groups [MD: 121.50 (1.09, 241.92)]. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study suggest that 12-week supplementation with EPA and Nano-curcumin may positively impact inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic parameters in patients with diabetes. The supplementation of EPA and Nano-curcumin may be a potential intervention to manage diabetes and reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes. However, further research is needed to validate the study's findings and establish the long-term effects of EPA and Nano-curcumin supplementation in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Motlagh Asghari
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Saleh
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Salekzamani
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Dolatkhah
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Maryam Hashemian
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, Utica University, Utica, NY, USA
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Rogero RG, Swamy S, Bettin CC. The Differentiation Between Infection and Acute Charcot. Orthop Clin North Am 2024; 55:299-309. [PMID: 38403375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocl.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The differentiation between acute Charcot neuroarthropathy and infection in the foot and ankle should be supported by multiple criteria. A detailed history and physical examination should always be completed. Plain radiographs should be performed, though advanced imaging, currently MRI, is more helpful in diagnosis. Scintigraphy and PET may become the standard imaging modalities once they are more clinically available due to their reported increased accuracy. Laboratory analysis can also act as a helpful diagnostic tool. Histopathology with culturing should be performed if osteomyelitis is suspected. The prompt diagnosis and initiation of treatment is vital to reducing patient morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan G Rogero
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center-Campbell Clinic, 1211 Union Avenue, Suite #510, Memphis, TN 38104, USA
| | - Samhita Swamy
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, 847 E Parkway S, Memphis, TN 38104, USA
| | - Clayton C Bettin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center-Campbell Clinic, 1211 Union Avenue, Suite #510, Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
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Jerah AA, Farasani A, Abu-Tawil HI, Kuriri H, Kuriri A, Alkhayrat M, Kariri K, Kariri SA, Abdelwahab SI. Evaluation of Biochemical Characteristics in a Retrospective Cohort of COVID-19 Patients. Cureus 2024; 16:e58889. [PMID: 38800147 PMCID: PMC11117081 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on global health and healthcare systems. This retrospective study aimed to assess the association between biochemical parameters and outcomes in COVID-19 patients in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. METHODS After establishing the inclusion criteria and obtaining ethical approval, data from 156 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 patients were collected from electronic medical records from a general hospital in Samtah, Jazan, from April 2020 to October 2021. The collected data included patient demographics and liver, kidney, heart, and electrolyte function marker levels. Descriptive, inferential, and principal component analyses were conducted. RESULTS Survival rates varied according to age and body mass index (BMI). Statistical analysis demonstrated that the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), sodium (Na), potassium (K), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), creatine kinase (CK), CK myocardial band (MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the reference values, as assessed using the one-sample t-test. Principal component analysis (PCA) also revealed an underlying pattern in the variation of these biochemical markers. These findings suggest that certain biochemical parameters may serve as useful indicators for monitoring the condition of COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION This retrospective study in Jazan, Saudi Arabia highlights the association between biochemical parameters and outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Elevated levels of markers of liver, kidney, heart, and electrolyte function suggest organ damage and dysregulation. The pattern identified through PCA provides insights into disease severity. Monitoring these parameters may serve as valuable indicators for assessing COVID-19 patients. Further research is needed to validate these findings, explore their potential for personalized treatment strategies, and improve patient outcomes during the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Jerah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Abdullah Farasani
- Biomedical Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Hisham I Abu-Tawil
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, Prince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, SAU
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Faisal Medical City For Southern Regions, Abha, SAU
| | - Hadi Kuriri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Faisal Medical City For Southern Regions, Abha, SAU
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Bank, Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, SAU
| | - Anwar Kuriri
- Department of Medical Administration, Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, SAU
| | - Mansour Alkhayrat
- Department of Medical Administration, Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, SAU
| | - Kholood Kariri
- Department of Nursing Administration, Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, SAU
| | - Sami Ali Kariri
- Department of Pharmacy, Samtah General Hospital, Samtah, SAU
| | - Siddig I Abdelwahab
- Biomedical Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
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Camelo ALM, Zamora Obando HR, Rocha I, Dias AC, Mesquita ADS, Simionato AVC. COVID-19 and Comorbidities: What Has Been Unveiled by Metabolomics? Metabolites 2024; 14:195. [PMID: 38668323 PMCID: PMC11051775 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about diverse impacts on the global population. Individuals with comorbidities were more susceptible to the severe symptoms caused by the virus. Within the crisis scenario, metabolomics represents a potential area of science capable of providing relevant information for understanding the metabolic pathways associated with the intricate interaction between the viral disease and previous comorbidities. This work aims to provide a comprehensive description of the scientific production pertaining to metabolomics within the specific context of COVID-19 and comorbidities, while highlighting promising areas for exploration by those interested in the subject. In this review, we highlighted the studies of metabolomics that indicated a variety of metabolites associated with comorbidities and COVID-19. Furthermore, we observed that the understanding of the metabolic processes involved between comorbidities and COVID-19 is limited due to the urgent need to report disease outcomes in individuals with comorbidities. The overlap of two or more comorbidities associated with the severity of COVID-19 hinders the comprehension of the significance of each condition. Most identified studies are observational, with a restricted number of patients, due to challenges in sample collection amidst the emergent situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz Melo Camelo
- Laboratory of Analysis of Biomolecules Tiselius, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.L.M.C.); (H.R.Z.O.); (I.R.); (A.C.D.); (A.d.S.M.)
| | - Hans Rolando Zamora Obando
- Laboratory of Analysis of Biomolecules Tiselius, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.L.M.C.); (H.R.Z.O.); (I.R.); (A.C.D.); (A.d.S.M.)
| | - Isabela Rocha
- Laboratory of Analysis of Biomolecules Tiselius, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.L.M.C.); (H.R.Z.O.); (I.R.); (A.C.D.); (A.d.S.M.)
| | - Aline Cristina Dias
- Laboratory of Analysis of Biomolecules Tiselius, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.L.M.C.); (H.R.Z.O.); (I.R.); (A.C.D.); (A.d.S.M.)
| | - Alessandra de Sousa Mesquita
- Laboratory of Analysis of Biomolecules Tiselius, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.L.M.C.); (H.R.Z.O.); (I.R.); (A.C.D.); (A.d.S.M.)
| | - Ana Valéria Colnaghi Simionato
- Laboratory of Analysis of Biomolecules Tiselius, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.L.M.C.); (H.R.Z.O.); (I.R.); (A.C.D.); (A.d.S.M.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics—INCTBio, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li F, Yang S, Ma J, Zhao X, Chen M, Wang Y. High-throughput sequencing reveals differences in microbial community structure and diversity in the conjunctival tissue of healthy and type 2 diabetic mice. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:90. [PMID: 38493114 PMCID: PMC10943819 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the differences in bacterial and fungal community structure and diversity in conjunctival tissue of healthy and diabetic mice. METHODS RNA-seq assays and high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16 S rDNA and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences were used to identify differentially expressed host genes and fungal composition profiles in conjunctival tissues of diabetic BKS-db/db mice and BKS (control) mice. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes and the correlation between the relative abundance of bacterial and fungal taxa in the intestinal mucosa were also performed. RESULTS Totally, 449 differential up-regulated genes and 1,006 down-regulated genes were identified in the conjunctival tissues of diabetic mice. The differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in metabolism-related functions and pathways. A decrease in conjunctival bacterial species diversity and abundance in diabetic mice compared to control mice. In contrast, fungal species richness and diversity were not affected by diabetes. The microbial colonies were mainly associated with cellular process pathways regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as cell growth and death. Additionally, some interactions between bacteria and fungi at different taxonomic levels were also observed. CONCLUSION The present study revealed significant differences in the abundance and composition of bacterial and fungal communities in the conjunctival tissue of diabetic mice compared to control mice. The study also highlighted interactions between bacteria and fungi at different taxonomic levels. These findings may have implications for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Li
- Department of Opthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Core Laboratory, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhao
- Core Laboratory, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Opthalmology, Qingdao municipal hospital, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Shinan District, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Ye Wang
- Core Laboratory, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong, China.
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Rezaie J, Jahanghiri M, Heris RM, Hassannezhad S, Abdyazdani N, Rahbarghazi A, Ahmadi M. Melatonin reduces lung injury in type 1 diabetic mice by the modulation of autophagy. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:7. [PMID: 38486170 PMCID: PMC10938779 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-024-00505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the role of autophagy has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of diabetes and inflammatory lung diseases. In this study, using a diabetic model of mice, we investigated the expression of autophagy-related genes in the lung tissues following melatonin administration. RESULTS Data showed histopathological remodeling in lung tissues of the D group coincided with an elevated level of IL-6, Becline-1, LC3, and P62 compared to the control group (p < 0.05). After melatonin treatment, histopathological remodeling was improved D + Mel group. In addition, expression levels of IL-6, Becline-1, LC3, and P62 were decreased in D + Mel compared to D group (P < 0.05). Statistically significant differences were not obtained between Mel group and C group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results showed that melatonin injection can be effective in the amelioration of lung injury in diabetic mice presumably by modulating autophagy-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Jahanghiri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sina Hassannezhad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Abdyazdani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afshin Rahbarghazi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Shen J, Ying L, Wu J, Fang Y, Zhou W, Qi C, Gu L, Mou S, Yan Y, Tian M, Ni Z, Che X. Integrative ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analysis associated with diabetic nephropathy and identification of novel targets for treatment by dapagliflozin. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3943. [PMID: 38379015 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Dapagliflozin (DAPA) are clinically effective in improving diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, whether and how chromatin accessibility changed by DN responds to DAPA treatment is unclear. Therefore, we performed ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, and weighted gene correlation network analysis to identify the chromatin accessibility, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, and the correlation between clinical phenotypes and mRNA expression using kidney from three mouse groups: db/m mice (Controls), db/db mice (case group), and those treated with DAPA (treatment group). RNA-Seq and ATAC-seq conjoint analysis revealed many overlapping pathways and networks suggesting that the transcriptional changes of DN and DAPA intervention largely occured dependently on chromatin remodeling. Specifically, the results showed that some key signal transduction pathways, such as immune dysfunction, glucolipid metabolism, oxidative stress and xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism, were repeatedly enriched in the analysis of the RNA-seq data alone, as well as combined analysis with ATAC-seq data. Furthermore, we identified some candidate genes (UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, Dock2, Tbc1d10c, etc.) and transcriptional regulators (KLF6 and GFI1) that might be associated with DN and DAPA restoration. These reversed genes and regulators confirmed that pathways related to immune response and metabolism pathways were critically involved in DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiao Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Ying
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaojun Qi
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leyi Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Mou
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuru Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Tian
- Department of Burn, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohui Ni
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiajing Che
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yuan S, He W, Liu B, Liu Z. Research Progress on the Weak Immune Response to the COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Viral Immunol 2024; 37:79-88. [PMID: 38498797 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is generally susceptible to the population, highly infectious, rapidly transmitted, and highly fatal. There is a lack of specific drugs against the virus at present and vaccination is the most effective strategy to prevent infection. However, studies have found that some groups, particularly patients with diabetes, show varying degrees of weak immune reactivity to various COVID-19 vaccines, resulting in poor preventive efficacy against the novel coronavirus in patients with diabetes. Therefore, in this study, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had weak immune response to the COVID-19 vaccine in recent years were analyzed. This article reviews the phenomenon, preliminary mechanism, and related factors affecting weak vaccine response in patients with T2DM, which is expected to help in the development of new vaccines for high-risk groups for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wenwen He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhuoran Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Cheng Y, Ren L, Niyazi A, Sheng L, Zhao Y. Identification of potential immunologic resilience in the healing process of diabetic foot ulcers. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14465. [PMID: 37926487 PMCID: PMC10898407 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are one of the most common and challenging complications of diabetes, yet our understanding of their pathogenesis remains limited. We collected gene expression data of DFU patients from public databases. Bioinformatics tools were applied for systematic analysis, including the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and enrichment analysis. We further used single-cell RNA sequencing to identify the distribution of different cell populations in DFU. Finally, key results were validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and flow cytometry. We identified 217 DEGs between ulcerated and healthy skin, and 37 DEGs between healing ulcers and ulcers. WGCNA revealed that the cyan module had the highest positive correlation with healthy skin and negative correlation with ulcers. The black module had the highest negative correlation with healthy skin and positive correlation with ulcers. Enrichment analysis showed that the genes in the cyan module were mainly associated with complement and coagulation cascades, while the genes in the black module were mainly associated with the IL-17 signalling pathway. In addition, CD8 T cells were significantly lower in ulcers than in healthy and healing ulcers. By comparing marker genes of CD8 T cells, we identified key genes in the cyan and black modules and validated their expression using RT-qPCR. The proportion of CD8 T cells was increased in healing ulcers. Flow cytometry detected increased levels of CD8 T, B and natural killer cells in healing ulcers. CD8 T cells and related key genes play an important role in the healing process of DFU. The results of this study provide a new perspective for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Cheng
- Department of BurnsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityXinjiangChina
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of BurnsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityXinjiangChina
| | - Aihemaitijiang Niyazi
- Department of BurnsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityXinjiangChina
| | - Li Sheng
- Department of BurnsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityXinjiangChina
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of BurnsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityXinjiangChina
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Obeagu EI. Red blood cells as biomarkers and mediators in complications of diabetes mellitus: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37265. [PMID: 38394525 PMCID: PMC11309633 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs), traditionally recognized for their oxygen transport role, have garnered increasing attention for their significance as crucial contributors to the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. In this comprehensive review, we elucidate the multifaceted roles of RBCs as both biomarkers and mediators in diabetes mellitus. Amidst the intricate interplay of altered metabolic pathways and the diabetic milieu, RBCs manifest distinct alterations in their structure, function, and lifespan. The chronic exposure to hyperglycemia induces oxidative stress, leading to modifications in RBC physiology and membrane integrity. These modifications, including glycation of hemoglobin (HbA1c), establish RBCs as invaluable biomarkers for assessing glycemic control over extended periods. Moreover, RBCs serve as mediators in the progression of diabetic complications. Their involvement in vascular dysfunction, hemorheological changes, and inflammatory pathways contributes significantly to diabetic microangiopathy and associated complications. Exploring the therapeutic implications, this review addresses potential interventions targeting RBC abnormalities to ameliorate diabetic complications. In conclusion, comprehending the nuanced roles of RBCs as biomarkers and mediators in diabetes mellitus offers promising avenues for enhanced diagnostic precision, therapeutic interventions, and improved patient outcomes. This review consolidates the current understanding and emphasizes the imperative need for further research to harness the full potential of RBC-related insights in the realm of diabetes mellitus.
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Doyenart R, Boeira D, Milhomens YP, Oliveira Silva da Silva V, Zilli Réus G, Silveira PCL, da Silva LA. Effects of aquatic high intensity interval training on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:826-838. [PMID: 36780534 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2175797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of aquatic exercise on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly patients with DM2. A total of 130 elderly were included in the longitudinal clinical study and were attributed to the non-diabetic group (n = 27) and diabetes the group (n = 22). Both groups participated in 24 sessions of Hydro-HIIT, 48 h before and after Hydro-HIIT, the GDLAM index, depression, and anxiety scores and markers of oxidative dysfunction were quantified. After intervention, GI decreased in both groups (non-diabetes group = -24%; diabetes group = -22%) (p < 0.05), markers of depression (-46%), anxiety (-60%), DCFH-DA (-55%), SOD (+59%), TNF-α (-37%) and IL-1 (-48%) in diabetes group (p < 0.05). The intervention with Hydro-HIIT improves aspects related to functional autonomy, mental health, and exerts consequently, a modulating effect on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in elderly people diagnosed with DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Doyenart
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Daniel Boeira
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Yuri Pinheiro Milhomens
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Vitória Oliveira Silva da Silva
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Programme in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
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Yang X, Xue C, Chen K, Gao D, Wang H, Tang C. Characteristics of elderly diabetes patients: focus on clinical manifestation, pathogenic mechanism, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1339744. [PMID: 38273819 PMCID: PMC10808572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1339744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health issue globally, putting an enormous burden on global health systems and people. Among all diseased groups, a considerable part of patients are elderly, while their clinical features, pathogenic processes, and medication regimens are different from patients of other ages. Despite the availability of multiple therapies and techniques, there are still numerous elderly diabetes patients suffering from poor blood glucose control, severe complications, and drug adverse effects, which negatively affect the quality of life in their golden years. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes for several decades, and its relevant clinical practice has confirmed that it has a satisfactory effect on alleviating clinical symptoms and mitigating the progression of complications. Chinese herbal medicine and its active components were used widely with obvious clinical advantages by multiple targets and signaling pathways. However, due to the particular features of elderly diabetes, few studies were conducted to explore Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention on elderly diabetic patients. This study reviews the research on clinical features, pathogenic processes, treatment principles, and TCM treatments, hoping to provide fresh perspectives on the prevention and management strategies for elderly diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chongxiang Xue
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyang Gao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Tong X, Liu C, Liang M, Ye X, Deng Z, Zhang X. Screening and validation of differentially expressed genes in adipose tissue of patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:40-50. [PMID: 37597213 PMCID: PMC10787618 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) plays a pivotal role in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Despite its significance the underlying pathogenesis and key genes associated with it remain elusive. In our study, we screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in intra-abdominal WAT of T2DM patients with obesity, as well as those with simple obesity, aiming to lay a foundational theory for an in-depth investigation of T2DM pathogenesis and the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Gene expression datasets (GSE16415 and GSE71416) were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We employed R for screening DEGs and conducted a functional enrichment analysis using the Metascape database. Combined Lasso regression and Boruta feature selection algorithms were used to identify key DEGs. Subsequently, these were cross-verified using the GSE29231 dataset. Samples and medical records were collected from clinical study participants. The mRNA and protein expressions of the key DEGs were verified using qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. We discerned a total of 130 DEGs, with 40 being upregulated and 90 downregulated. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses illuminated that these genes are instrumental in mediating metabolite and energy production, neutrophil-mediated immunity, and other associated biological processes. This includes their involvement in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and other signalling pathways. Two genes, CIDEA and FSCN1 emerged as key DEGs. The low expression of CIDEA and high expression of FSCN1 in the T2DM and obesity group were verified in clinical samples (P < 0.05). We established that CIDEA and FSCN1 manifest significant differential expression in T2DM patients who are obese. This suggests their potential as risk assessment markers and therapeutic targets for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Shihezi University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Clinical Laboratory Center, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Shihezi University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mengjie Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Shihezi University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xueyan Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Shihezi University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhaohui Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Shihezi University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Shihezi University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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de Oliveira MI, Aciole MR, Neves PAF, Silva VPOE, Silva MPOE, de Lorena VMB, de Araújo PSR. A stronger antibody response in increased disease severity of SARS-CoV-2. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:17. [PMID: 38166763 PMCID: PMC10762998 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An assessment of the factors that interfere with serum levels and the persistence of anti-SARs-CoV-2 IgG antibodies is essential in order to estimate the risk of reinfection and to plan vaccination. We analyzed the impact of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the clinical and biological factors regarding the persistence of SARs-CoV-2 anti-spike protein (IgG-S) antibodies at 12 months. METHODS This was an observational, longitudinal study with individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 between August 2020 and June 2021. Peripheral blood samples were collected from volunteers who were hospitalized (SERIOUS COVID-19) and those who required no hospitalization (COVID-19 LIGHT). Samples were grouped according to days after symptom onset: up to 90, between 91 and 180, ≥ 180 days after symptom onset. A semiquantitative test for IgG anti-spike protein S1(IgG-S1) was used. RESULTS We analyzed 238 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19, of whom 87 had been hospitalized and 151 had not. They provided 148 and 220 samples, respectively. Among those hospitalized, males (65.5%), volunteers aged over 60 years (41.1%), comorbidities such as arterial hypertension (67.8%) and diabetes mellitus (37.9%) were most frequent. We observed higher median serum IgG-S1 titers among those who had recovered from COVID-19 and had been hospitalized, at all collection time intervals (p < 0.001). We observed a weak correlation of increasing age with humoral IgG-S1 response (Spearman correlation = 0.298). There was a greater probability of IgG-S1 antibody persistence over time among samples from hospitalized individuals compared to samples from non-hospitalized participants (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION This study has revealed higher titers and a higher probability of the persistence of IgG-S1 in severe cases after SARs-CoV-2 primary infection in unvaccinated recovered patients. Thus, in this study, the severe clinical presentation of COVID-19 was the main factor influencing serum levels and the persistence of IgG-S1 antibodies in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Iglis de Oliveira
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital das Clínicas, Brazilian Company of Hospital Services (EBSERH), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Melayne Rocha Aciole
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Areias Feitosa Neves
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Virginia Maria Barros de Lorena
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz-PE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Ramos de Araújo
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz-PE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital das Clínicas, Brazilian Company of Hospital Services (EBSERH), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Sun Y, Sun B, Ren Z, Xue M, Zhu C, Liu Q. Heparin-binding protein as a predictor of mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus and community-acquired pneumonia in intensive care unit : a propensity score matched study. World J Emerg Med 2024; 15:263-272. [PMID: 39050224 PMCID: PMC11265634 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2024.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are vulnerable to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), which have a high mortality rate. We aimed to investigate the value of heparin-binding protein (HBP) as a prognostic marker of mortality in patients with DM and CAP. METHODS This retrospective study included CAP patients who were tested for HBP at intensive care unit (ICU) admission from January 2019 to April 2020. Patients were allocated to the DM or non-DM group and paired with propensity score matching. Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes up to 90 days were evaluated. The primary outcome was the 10-day mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Among 152 enrolled patients, 60 pairs were successfully matched. There was no significant difference in 10-day mortality, while more patients in the DM group died within 28 d (P=0.024) and 90 d (P=0.008). In the DM group, HBP levels at ICU admission were higher in 10-day non-survivors than in 10-day survivors (median 182.21 [IQR: 55.43-300] ng/ml vs. median 66.40 [IQR: 34.13-107.85] ng/mL, P=0.019), and HBP levels could predict the 10-day mortality with an area under the ROC curve of 0.747. The cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity were 160.6 ng/mL, 66.7%, and 90.2%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that HBP was an independent prognostic factor for 10-day (HR 7.196, 95%CI: 1.596-32.455, P=0.01), 28-day (HR 4.381, 95%CI: 1.449-13.245, P=0.009), and 90-day mortality (HR 4.581, 95%CI: 1.637-12.819, P=0.004) in patients with DM. CONCLUSION Plasma HBP at ICU admission was associated with the 10-day, 28-day, and 90-day mortality, and might be a prognostic factor in patients with DM and CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- Translational Medicine Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Zhigang Ren
- Department of Infectious Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Mingshan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Changju Zhu
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Translational Medicine Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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