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Duan Y, Yang F, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Shi Y, Lang Y, Sun H, Wang X, Jin H, Kang X. Role of mitophagy in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2026; 21:598-611. [PMID: 39665804 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, a severe form of spinal cord damage, can lead to sensory and motor dysfunction. This injury often occurs after traumatic events, spinal cord surgeries, or thoracoabdominal aortic surgeries. The unpredictable nature of this condition, combined with limited treatment options, poses a significant burden on patients, their families, and society. Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to reduced neuronal regenerative capacity and complex pathological processes. In contrast, mitophagy is crucial for degrading damaged mitochondria, thereby supporting neuronal metabolism and energy supply. However, while moderate mitophagy can be beneficial in the context of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, excessive mitophagy may be detrimental. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the potential mechanisms and regulators of mitophagy involved in the pathological processes of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of recent advancements in mitophagy related to spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury and clarify its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fengguang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yibao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Mingtao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yujun Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yun Lang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hongyun Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Wen J, Tang H, Tian M, Wang L, Yang Q, Zhao Y, Li X, Ren Y, Wang J, Zhou L, Tan Y, Wu H, Cai X, Wang Y, Cao H, Xu J, Yang Q. Fibrotic scar formation after cerebral ischemic stroke: Targeting the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway for scar reduction. Neural Regen Res 2026; 21:756-768. [PMID: 40183351 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2025] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202602000-00044/figure1/v/2025-05-05T160104Z/r/image-tiff Recent studies have shown that fibrotic scar formation following cerebral ischemic injury has varying effects depending on the microenvironment. However, little is known about how fibrosis is induced and regulated after cerebral ischemic injury. Sonic hedgehog signaling participates in fibrosis in the heart, liver, lung, and kidney. Whether Shh signaling modulates fibrotic scar formation after cerebral ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we found that Sonic Hedgehog expression was upregulated in patients with acute ischemic stroke and in a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion injury rat model. Both Sonic hedgehog and Mitofusin 2 showed increased expression in the middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model and in vitro fibrosis cell model induced by transforming growth factor-beta 1. Activation of the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway enhanced the expression of phosphorylated Smad 3 and Mitofusin 2 proteins, promoted the formation of fibrotic scars, protected synapses or promoted synaptogenesis, alleviated neurological deficits following middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion injury, reduced cell apoptosis, facilitated the transformation of meninges fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and enhanced the proliferation and migration of meninges fibroblasts. The Smad3 phosphorylation inhibitor SIS3 reversed the effects induced by Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway activation. Bioinformatics analysis revealed significant correlations between Sonic hedgehog and Smad3, between Sonic hedgehog and Mitofusin 2, and between Smad3 and Mitofusin 2. These findings suggest that Sonic hedgehog signaling may influence Mitofusin 2 expression by regulating Smad3 phosphorylation, thereby modulating the formation of early fibrotic scars following cerebral ischemic stroke and affecting prognosis. The Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway may serve as a new therapeutic target for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wen
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingfen Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Neurology, Second People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiani Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongjun Tan
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiyun Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinrui Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liu Z, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Ning B. Metabolic reprogramming of astrocytes: Emerging roles of lactate. Neural Regen Res 2026; 21:421-432. [PMID: 39688570 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/25/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactate serves as a key energy metabolite in the central nervous system, facilitating essential brain functions, including energy supply, signaling, and epigenetic modulation. Moreover, it links epigenetic modifications with metabolic reprogramming. Nonetheless, the specific mechanisms and roles of this connection in astrocytes remain unclear. Therefore, this review aims to explore the role and specific mechanisms of lactate in the metabolic reprogramming of astrocytes in the central nervous system. The close relationship between epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprogramming was discussed. Therapeutic strategies for targeting metabolic reprogramming in astrocytes in the central nervous system were also outlined to guide future research in central nervous system diseases. In the nervous system, lactate plays an essential role. However, its mechanism of action as a bridge between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications in the nervous system requires future investigation. The involvement of lactate in epigenetic modifications is currently a hot research topic, especially in lactylation modification, a key determinant in this process. Lactate also indirectly regulates various epigenetic modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine, acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation modifications, which are closely linked to several neurological disorders. In addition, exploring the clinical applications and potential therapeutic strategies of lactic acid provides new insights for future neurological disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yijian Guo
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yulei Gao
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bin Ning
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Ayyappan K, Unger L, Kitchen P, Bill RM, Salman MM. Measuring glymphatic function: Assessing the toolkit. Neural Regen Res 2026; 21:534-541. [PMID: 40145955 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Glymphatic flow has been proposed to clear brain waste while we sleep. Cerebrospinal fluid moves from periarterial to perivenous spaces through the parenchyma, with subsequent cerebrospinal fluid drainage to dural lymphatics. Glymphatic disruption is associated with neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury. Therefore, investigating its structure and function may improve understanding of pathophysiology. The recent controversy on whether glymphatic flow increases or decreases during sleep demonstrates that the glymphatic hypothesis remains contentious. However, discrepancies between different studies could be due to limitations of the specific techniques used and confounding factors. Here, we review the methods used to study glymphatic function and provide a toolkit from which researchers can choose. We conclude that tracer analysis has been useful, ex vivo techniques are unreliable, and in vivo imaging is still limited. Finally, we explore the potential for future methods and highlight the need for in vitro models, such as microfluidic devices, which may address technique limitations and enable progression of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushikk Ayyappan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucas Unger
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- Aston Institute for Membrane Excellence and the School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Philip Kitchen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- Aston Institute for Membrane Excellence and the School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Roslyn M Bill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- Aston Institute for Membrane Excellence and the School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mootaz M Salman
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- BHF Oxford Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for NanoScience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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5
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Yao C, Xie D, Zhang Y, Shen Y, Sun P, Ma Z, Li J, Tao J, Fang M. Tryptophan metabolism and ischemic stroke: An intricate balance. Neural Regen Res 2026; 21:466-477. [PMID: 40326980 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, which is characterized by hypoxia and ischemia, triggers a cascade of injury responses, including neurotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and neuronal death. In this context, tryptophan metabolites and enzymes, which are synthesized through the kynurenine and 5-hydroxytryptamine pathways, play dual roles. The delicate balance between neurotoxic and neuroprotective substances is a crucial factor influencing the progression of ischemic stroke. Neuroprotective metabolites, such as kynurenic acid, exert their effects through various mechanisms, including competitive blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, modulation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. In contrast, neurotoxic substances such as quinolinic acid can hinder the development of vascular glucose transporter proteins, induce neurotoxicity mediated by reactive oxygen species, and disrupt mitochondrial function. Additionally, the enzymes involved in tryptophan metabolism play major roles in these processes. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in the kynurenine pathway and tryptophan hydroxylase in the 5-hydroxytryptamine pathway influence neuroinflammation and brain homeostasis. Consequently, the metabolites generated through tryptophan metabolism have substantial effects on the development and progression of ischemic stroke. Stroke treatment aims to restore the balance of various metabolite levels; however, precise regulation of tryptophan metabolism within the central nervous system remains a major challenge for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Therefore, this review aimed to elucidate the complex interactions between tryptophan metabolites and enzymes in ischemic stroke and develop targeted therapies that can restore the delicate balance between neurotoxicity and neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjie Yao
- Rehabilitation Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Rehabilitation Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Rehabilitation Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanhao Shen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingping Sun
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Rehabilitation Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Li
- Rehabilitation Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiming Tao
- Rehabilitation Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Fang
- Rehabilitation Department, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Tuina, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen H, Li N, Cai Y, Ma C, Ye Y, Shi X, Guo J, Han Z, Liu Y, Wei X. Exosomes in neurodegenerative diseases: Therapeutic potential and modification methods. Neural Regen Res 2026; 21:478-490. [PMID: 40326981 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2025] Open
Abstract
In recent years, exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research. Exosomes are small and can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, allowing them to target deep brain lesions. Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from different cell types may exert therapeutic effects by regulating the expression of various inflammatory cytokines, mRNAs, and disease-related proteins, thereby halting the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and exhibiting beneficial effects. However, exosomes are composed of lipid bilayer membranes and lack the ability to recognize specific target cells. This limitation can lead to side effects and toxicity when they interact with non-specific cells. Growing evidence suggests that surface-modified exosomes have enhanced targeting capabilities and can be used as targeted drug-delivery vehicles that show promising results in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of existing research aimed at devising approaches to modify exosomes and elucidating their therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases. Our findings indicate that exosomes can efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier to facilitate drug delivery and can also serve as early diagnostic markers for neurodegenerative diseases. We introduce the strategies being used to enhance exosome targeting, including genetic engineering, chemical modifications (both covalent, such as click chemistry and metabolic engineering, and non-covalent, such as polyvalent electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, ligand-receptor binding, aptamer-based modifications, and the incorporation of CP05-anchored peptides), and nanomaterial modifications. Research into these strategies has confirmed that exosomes have significant therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases. However, several challenges remain in the clinical application of exosomes. Improvements are needed in preparation, characterization, and optimization methods, as well as in reducing the adverse reactions associated with their use. Additionally, the range of applications and the safety of exosomes require further research and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanhao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
- School of Intelligent Information Engineering, Medicine & Technology College of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chunyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhibo Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell Pharmaceuticals, National Engineering Research Center of Cell Products, AmCellGene Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Cancer Hospital & Institute, International Cancer Institute, Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Wang D, Miao J, Zhang L, Zhang L. Research advances in the diagnosis and treatment of MASLD/MASH. Ann Med 2025; 57. [DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2445780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dekai Wang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jinxian Miao
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Yazbeck AS. Can a 19 th Century French Medical Debate Provide Guidance on How to Tackle Type 2 Diabetes? Health Syst Reform 2025; 11:2464977. [PMID: 39999408 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2025.2464977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2025] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdo S Yazbeck
- Lead Economist and Adjunct Faculty, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
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Zhu T, Shen D, Cai X, Jin Y, Tu H, Wang S, Pan Q. The causal relationship between gut microbiota and preterm birth: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2025; 38:2432528. [PMID: 39721770 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2024.2432528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth, a significant global health concern, has been associated with alterations in the gut microbiota. However, the causal nature of this relationship remains uncertain due to the limitations inherent in observational studies. PURPOSE To investigate the potential causal relationship between gut microbiota imbalances and preterm birth. METHODS We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from the MiBioGen consortium focusing on microbiota and preterm birth. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the microbiota were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used to estimate causality. We confirmed pleiotropy and identified and excluded outlier SNPs using MR-PRESSO and MR-Egger regression. Cochran's Q test was applied to assess heterogeneity among SNPs, and a leave-one-out analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of individual SNPs on overall estimates. RESULTS Our findings provide evidence for a causal link between specific components of the gut microbiota and preterm birth, with the identification of relevant metabolites. CONCLUSION This study highlights the causal role of gut microbiota imbalances in preterm birth, offering novel insights into the development of preterm birth and potential targets for prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dandan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanling Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixia Tu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shouxing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianglong Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Wu S, Ma X, Zhang X, Du K, Shi C, Almaamari AA, Han B, Su S, Liu Y. Knockdown of NDUFAF6 inhibits breast cancer progression via promoting mitophagy and apoptosis. Cancer Biol Ther 2025; 26:2445220. [PMID: 39706687 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2445220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 12/04/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 12/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While NDUFAF6 is implicated in breast cancer, its specific role remains unclear. METHODS The expression levels and prognostic significance of NDUFAF6 in breast cancer were assessed using The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, Kaplan-Meier plotter and cBio-Portal databases. We knocked down NDUFAF6 in breast cancer cells using small interfering RNA and investigated its effects on cell proliferation and migration ability. We performed gene expression analysis and validated key findings using protein analysis. We also assessed mitochondrial activity and cellular metabolism. RESULTS NDUFAF6 was highly expressed in breast cancer, which was associated with a poorer prognosis. Knockdown of NDUFAF6 reduced the proliferation and migration ability of breast cancer cells. Transcriptome analysis revealed 2,101 differentially expressed genes enriched in apoptosis and mitochondrial signaling pathways. Western blot results showed NDUFAF6 knockdown enhanced apoptosis. In addition, differential gene enrichment analysis was related to mitochondrial signaling pathways, and western blot results verified that mitophagy was enhanced in NDUFAF6 knockdown breast cancer cells. JC-1 assay also showed that mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species content were increased after knocking down NDUFAF6. In addition, basal and maximal mitochondrial oxygen consumption decreased, and intracellular glycogen content increased. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of NDUFAF6 resulted in apoptosis and mitophagy in breast cancer cells and NDUFAF6 may be a potential molecular target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wu
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xindi Ma
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiangmei Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Kaiye Du
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Radiotherapy Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ahmed Ali Almaamari
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Boye Han
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Suwen Su
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunjiang Liu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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11
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Thibaut MM, Roumain M, Piron E, Gillard J, Loriot A, Neyrinck AM, Rodriguez J, Massart I, Thissen JP, Huot JR, Pin F, Bonetto A, Delzenne NM, Muccioli GG, Bindels LB. The microbiota-derived bile acid taurodeoxycholic acid improves hepatic cholesterol levels in mice with cancer cachexia. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2449586. [PMID: 39780051 PMCID: PMC11730681 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2449586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Alterations in bile acid profile and pathways contribute to hepatic inflammation in cancer cachexia, a syndrome worsening the prognosis of cancer patients. As the gut microbiota impinges on host metabolism through bile acids, the current study aimed to explore the functional contribution of gut microbial dysbiosis to bile acid dysmetabolism and associated disorders in cancer cachexia. Using three mouse models of cancer cachexia (the C26, MC38 and HCT116 models), we evidenced a reduction in the hepatic levels of several secondary bile acids, mainly taurodeoxycholic (TDCA). This reduction in hepatic TDCA occurred before the appearance of cachexia. Longitudinal analysis of the gut microbiota pinpointed an ASV, identified as Xylanibacter rodentium, as a bacterium potentially involved in the reduced production of TDCA. Coherently, stable isotope-based experiments highlighted a robust decrease in the microbial 7α-dehydroxylation (7α-DH) activity with no changes in the bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in cachectic mice. This approach also highlighted a reduced microbial 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDH) and 12α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (12α-HSDH) activities in these mice. The contribution of the lower production of TDCA to cancer cachexia was explored in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, TDCA prevented myotube atrophy, whereas in vivo hepatic whole transcriptome analysis revealed that TDCA administration to cachectic mice improved the unfolded protein response and cholesterol homeostasis pathways. Coherently, TDCA administration reversed hepatic cholesterol accumulation in these mice. Altogether, this work highlights the contribution of the gut microbiota to bile acid dysmetabolism and the therapeutic interest of the secondary bile acid TDCA for hepatic cholesterol homeostasis in the context of cancer cachexia. Such discovery may prove instrumental in the understanding of other metabolic diseases characterized by microbial dysbiosis. More broadly, our work demonstrates the interest and relevance of microbial activity measurements using stable isotopes, an approach currently underused in the microbiome field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane M. Thibaut
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Roumain
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Edwige Piron
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Justine Gillard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Axelle Loriot
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Unit (CBIO), de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey M. Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Rodriguez
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Massart
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition Department, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition Department, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joshua R. Huot
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fabrizio Pin
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrea Bonetto
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G. Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B. Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Welbio Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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12
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Wang Y, Yu X, Sun F, Fu Y, Hu T, Shi Q, Man Q. METTL14 Mediates Glut3 m6A methylation to improve osteogenesis under oxidative stress condition. Redox Rep 2025; 30:2435241. [PMID: 39737912 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2435241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone remodeling imbalance contributes to osteoporosis. Though current medications enhance osteoblast involvement in bone formation, the underlying pathways remain unclear. This study was aimed to explore the pathways involved in bone formation by osteoblasts, we investigate the protective role of glycolysis and N6-methyladenosine methylation (m6A) against oxidative stress-induced impairment of osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cells. METHODS We utilized a concentration of 200 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to establish an oxidative damage model of MC3T3-E1 cells. Subsequently, we examined the alterations in the m6A methyltransferases (METTL3, METTL14), glucose transporter proteins (GLUT1, GLUT3) and validated m6A methyltransferase overexpression in vitro and in an osteoporosis model. The osteoblast differentiation and osteogenesis-related molecules and serum bone resorption markers were measured by biochemical analysis, Alizarin Red S staining, Western blot and ELISA. RESULTS H2O2 treatment inhibited glycolysis and osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. However, when METTL14 was overexpressed, these changes induced by H2O2 could be mitigated. Our findings indicate that METTL14 promotes GLUT3 expression via YTHDF1, leading to the modulation of various parameters in the H2O2-induced model. Similar positive effects of METTL14 on osteogenesis were observed in an ovariectomized mouse osteoporosis model. DISCUSSION METTL14 could serve as a potential therapeutic approach for enhancing osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiqing Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuhong Man
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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13
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Pan M, Qian C, Huo S, Wu Y, Zhao X, Ying Y, Wang B, Yang H, Yeerken A, Wang T, Fu M, Wang L, Wei Y, Zhao Y, Shao C, Wang H, Zhao C. Gut-derived lactic acid enhances tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptamine in regulation of anxiety via Akkermansia muciniphila. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2447834. [PMID: 39782002 PMCID: PMC11730363 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2447834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2024] [Revised: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in anxiety regulation through pathways involving neurotransmitter production, immune signaling, and metabolic interactions. Among these, gut-derived serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), synthesized from tryptophan metabolism, has been identified as a key mediator. However, it remains unclear whether specific microbial factors regulate tryptophan metabolism to influence 5-HT production and anxiety regulation. In this study, we analyzed 110 athletes undergoing closed training and found that fecal lactate levels were significantly associated with anxiety indicators. We observed a significant negative correlation between Akkermansia abundance and anxiety levels in athletes. Co-supplementation with lactate and Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) modulated tryptophan metabolism by increasing key enzyme TPH1 and reducing IDO1, thus shifting metabolism from kynurenine (Kyn) to 5-HT. In addition, lactate enhanced the propionate production capacity of A. muciniphila, potentially contributing to anxiety reduction in mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that enteric lactate and A. muciniphila collaboratively restore the imbalance in tryptophan metabolism, leading to increased 5-HT activity and alleviating anxiety phenotypes. This study highlights the intricate interplay between gut metabolites and anxiety regulation, offering potential avenues for microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies for anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Pan
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglang Qian
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoye Huo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Institute of Wound Prevention and Treatment, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Boyu Wang
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yang
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anaguli Yeerken
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongyao Wang
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengwei Fu
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhuan Wei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunhua Zhao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhai Shao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijing Wang
- Institute of Wound Prevention and Treatment, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Sonar S, Das A, Kalele K, Subramaniyan V. Exosome-based cancer vaccine: a cell-free approach. Mol Biol Rep 2025; 52:421. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-025-10519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2025] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/04/2025]
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15
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Zarandi PK, Ghiasi M, Heiat M. The role and function of lncRNA in ageing-associated liver diseases. RNA Biol 2025; 22:1-8. [PMID: 39697114 PMCID: PMC11660375 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2440678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are a significant global health issue, characterized by elevated levels of disorder and death. The substantial impact of ageing on liver diseases and their prognosis is evident. Multiple processes are involved in the ageing process, which ultimately leads to functional deterioration of this organ. The process of liver ageing not only renders the liver more susceptible to diseases but also compromises the integrity of other organs due to the liver's critical function in metabolism regulation. A growing body of research suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the majority of pathophysiological pathways. They regulate gene expression through a variety of interactions with microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger RNAs (mRNAs), DNA, or proteins. LncRNAs exert a major influence on the progression of age-related liver diseases through the regulation of cell proliferation, necrosis, apoptosis, senescence, and metabolic reprogramming. A concise overview of the current understanding of lncRNAs and their potential impact on the development of age-related liver diseases will be provided in this mini-review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Kheirandish Zarandi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Biology Signaling Pathway Interest Group (CBSPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghiasi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heiat
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Ruple HK, Haasis E, Bettenburg A, Maier C, Fritz C, Schüle L, Löcker S, Soltow Y, Schintgen L, Schmidt NS, Schneider C, Lorentz A, Fricke WF. The gut microbiota predicts and time-restricted feeding delays experimental colitis. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2453019. [PMID: 39843997 PMCID: PMC11758946 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2453019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/24/2025] Open
Abstract
The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear, treatment options unsatisfactory and disease development difficult to predict for individual patients. Dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal microbiota and disruption of the biological clock have been implicated and studied as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Here, we examine the relationship of IBD to biological clock and gut microbiota by using the IL-10 deficient (IL-10-/-) mouse model for microbiota-dependent spontaneous colitis in combination with altered (4 h/4 h) light/dark cycles to disrupt and time-restricted feeding (TRF) to restore circadian rhythmicity. We show that while altered light/dark cycles disrupted the intestinal clock in wild type (WT) mice, IL-10-/- mice were characterized by altered microbiota composition, impaired intestinal clock, and microbiota rhythmicity irrespective of external clock disruption, which had no consistent colitis-promoting effect on IL-10-/- mice. TRF delayed colitis onset reduced the expression of inflammatory markers and increased the expression of clock genes in the intestine, and increased gut microbiota rhythmicity in IL-10-/- mice. Compositional changes and reduced rhythmicity of the fecal microbiota preceded colitis and could predict colitis symptoms for individual IL-10-/- mice across different experiments. Our findings provide perspectives for new diagnostic and TRF-based, therapeutic applications in IBD that should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K. Ruple
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eva Haasis
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Anna Bettenburg
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Carina Maier
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Carolin Fritz
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura Schüle
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sarah Löcker
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yvonne Soltow
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lynn Schintgen
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nina S. Schmidt
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Celine Schneider
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Axel Lorentz
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - W. Florian Fricke
- Department of Microbiome Research and Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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17
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Bhagwat A, Haldar T, Kanojiya P, Saroj SD. Bacterial metabolism in the host and its association with virulence. Virulence 2025; 16:2459336. [PMID: 39890585 PMCID: PMC11792850 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2459336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 02/03/2025] Open
Abstract
The host restricted pathogens are competently dependent on their respective host for nutritional requirements. The bacterial metabolic pathways are surprisingly varied and remarkably flexible that in turn help them to successfully overcome competition and colonise their host. The metabolic adaptation plays pivotal role in bacterial pathogenesis. The understanding of host-pathogen metabolic crosstalk needs to be prioritized to decipher host-pathogen interactions. The review focuses on various aspects of host pathogen interactions that majorly involves adaptation of bacterial metabolism to counteract immune mechanisms by rectifying metabolic cues that provides pathogen the idea of different anatomical sites and the local physiology of the host. The key set of metabolites that are recognized as centre of competition between host and its pathogens are also briefly discussed. The factors that control the timely expression of virulence of bacterial pathogens is poorly understood. The perspective presented herein will facilitate us with a broader view of molecular mechanisms that modulates the expression of virulence factors in bacterial pathogens. The knowledge of crosslinked metabolic pathways of bacteria and their host will serve to develop novel potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Bhagwat
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Tiyasa Haldar
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Poonam Kanojiya
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Sunil D. Saroj
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
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18
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Wen Z, Tuo S, Ran Q, Yuan J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Chang D, Li C, Dai S, Wang J, Tantai X. Effect of adipose-related parameters on mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Ann Med 2025; 57:2473627. [PMID: 40038873 PMCID: PMC11884100 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2473627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2025] [Accepted: 02/13/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some adipose-related parameters exhibit distinct prognostic value in patients with cirrhosis. However, the magnitude and direction of the association between individual adipose parameter and mortality in patients with cirrhosis are unclear. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the association between individual adipose parameter and mortality in patients with cirrhosis using the meta-analysis method. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China Biological Medicine, WanFang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched from inception through December 15, 2023, to identify eligible studies. The impact of each adipose parameter on mortality was assessed by the pooled unadjusted or adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the random effects model. RESULTS A total of 33 studies involving 9626 patients were included in our analysis, with 11 adipose parameters evaluated. The pooled prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) and myosteatosis in patients with cirrhosis was 15.5% and 34.4%, respectively. In adjusted analysis, each unit increase in subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI) (HR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-1.00) or muscle attenuation (MA) (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98) and each unit decrease in visceral-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio (VSR) (HR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.45-2.54) showed an independent association with a decreased risk of mortality. However, concurrent myosteatosis (HR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.48-2.40) or SO (HR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.95-3.93) significantly increased the risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis. CONCLUSION Decreased SATI or MA, increased VSR, and concurrent myosteatosis or SO were independently associated with a higher risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyue Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiuju Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Danyan Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shejiao Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinxing Tantai
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Shaanxi Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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19
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Pyrczak-Felczykowska A, Kaczorowska AK, Giełdoń A, Braczko A, Smoleński RT, Antosiewicz J, Reekie TA, Herman-Antosiewicz A. Natural product as a lead for impairing mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2025; 40:2465575. [PMID: 40013402 PMCID: PMC11869345 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2025.2465575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 11/29/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2025] Open
Abstract
The impact of the isoxazole derivative of usnic acid, ISOXUS (formerly known as 2b) on cancer and non-cancerous cell metabolism was investigated. ISOXUS significantly reduced the utilisation of most metabolic substrates that produce NADH or FADH2, mitochondrial electron flow and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in MCF-7 breast cancer cells in contrast to HB2 normal epithelial cells. Molecular docking revealed that ISOXUS inhibits mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II, which was confirmed experimentally. Disturbance of electron flow in MCF-7 cells resulted in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. They appeared crucial for ISOXUS-induced cancer cell vacuolization and a drop in survival as an antioxidant, α-tocopherol, protected against these processes. These findings indicate that ISOXUS is a metabolic inhibitor that targets mitochondrial complex II in breast cancer cells resulting in diminished ATP production and increased ROS formation which translates into reduced cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna-Karina Kaczorowska
- Faculty of Biology, Collection of Plasmids and Microorganisms, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Artur Giełdoń
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Braczko
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Jędrzej Antosiewicz
- Department of Bioenergetics and Exercise Physiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tristan A. Reekie
- School of Science, University of New South Wales Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Anna Herman-Antosiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Swain J, Askenasy I, Rudland Nazeer R, Ho PM, Labrini E, Mancini L, Xu Q, Hollendung F, Sheldon I, Dickson C, Welch A, Agbamu A, Godlee C, Welch M. Pathogenicity and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Recent advances and under-investigated topics. Virulence 2025; 16:2503430. [PMID: 40353451 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2503430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2025] [Revised: 04/23/2025] [Accepted: 05/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a model for the study of quorum sensing, protein secretion, and biofilm formation. Consequently, it has become one of the most intensely reviewed pathogens, with many excellent articles in the current literature focusing on these aspects of the organism's biology. Here, though, we aim to take a slightly different approach and consider some less well appreciated (but nonetheless important) factors that affect P. aeruginosa virulence. We start by reminding the reader of the global importance of P. aeruginosa infection and that the "virulome" is very niche-specific. Overlooked but obvious questions such as "what prevents secreted protein products from being digested by co-secreted proteases?" are discussed, and we suggest how the nutritional preference(s) of the organism might dictate its environmental reservoirs. Recent studies identifying host genes associated with genetic predisposition towards P. aeruginosa infection (and even infection by specific P. aeruginosa strains) and the role(s) of intracellular P. aeruginosa are introduced. We also discuss the fact that virulence is a high-risk strategy and touch on how expression of the two main classes of virulence factors is regulated. A particular focus is on recent findings highlighting how nutritional status and metabolism are as important as quorum sensing in terms of their impact on virulence, and how co-habiting microbial species at the infection site impact on P. aeruginosa virulence (and vice versa). It is our view that investigation of these issues is likely to dominate many aspects of research into this WHO-designated priority pathogen over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemima Swain
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Isabel Askenasy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Pok-Man Ho
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edoardo Labrini
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Qingqing Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Camilla Dickson
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amelie Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam Agbamu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Camilla Godlee
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
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21
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Hao X, Song H, Su X, Li J, Ye Y, Wang C, Xu X, Pang G, Liu W, Li Z, Luo T. Prophylactic effects of nutrition, dietary strategies, exercise, lifestyle and environment on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Ann Med 2025; 57:2464223. [PMID: 39943720 PMCID: PMC11827040 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2464223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2025] [Accepted: 01/25/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease and its prevalence has risen sharply. However, whether nutrition, dietary strategies, exercise, lifestyle and environment have preventive value for NAFLD remains unclear. METHODS Through searching 4 databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library) from inception to January 2025, we selected studies about nutrition, dietary strategies, exercise, lifestyle and environment in the prevention of NAFLD and conducted a narrative review on this topic. RESULTS Reasonable nutrient intake encompassing macronutrients and micronutrients have an independent protective relationship with NAFLD. Besides, proper dietary strategies including mediterranean diet, intermittent fasting diet, ketogenic diet, and dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet have their inhibitory effects on the developmental process of NAFLD. Moreover, right exercises including walking, jogging, bicycling, and swimming are recommended for the prevention of NAFLD because they could effectively reduce weight, which is an important risk factor for NAFLD, and improve liver function. In addition, embracing a healthy lifestyle including reducing sedentary behavior, not smoking, sleeping well and brushing teeth regularly is integral since it not only could reduce the risk of NAFLD but also significantly contribute to overall prevention and control. Finally, the environment, including the social and natural environments, plays a potential role in NAFLD prevention. CONCLUSION Nutrition, dietary strategies, exercise, lifestyle and environment play an important role in the prevention of NAFLD. Moreover, this review offers comprehensive prevention recommendations for people at high risk of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyong Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Song
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Youbao Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Cailiu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Guanglong Pang
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Zihan Li
- Department of clinical medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Tian Luo
- The Institute for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Moutsoglou D, Ramakrishnan P, Vaughn BP. Microbiota transplant therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: advances and mechanistic insights. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2477255. [PMID: 40062406 PMCID: PMC11901402 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2477255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Microbiota transplant therapy is an emerging therapy for inflammatory bowel disease, but factors influencing its efficacy and mechanism remain poorly understood. In this narrative review, we outline key elements affecting therapeutic outcomes, including donor factors (such as age and patient relationship), recipient factors, control selection, and elements impacting engraftment and its correlation with clinical response. We also examine potential mechanisms through inflammatory bowel disease trials, focusing on the interplay between the microbiota, host, and immune system. Finally, we briefly explore potential future directions for microbiota transplant therapy and promising emerging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Moutsoglou
- Gastroenterology Section, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Byron P. Vaughn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Nunez H, Nieto PA, Mars RA, Ghavami M, Sew Hoy C, Sukhum K. Early life gut microbiome and its impact on childhood health and chronic conditions. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2463567. [PMID: 39916516 PMCID: PMC11810090 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2463567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2025] [Indexed: 02/12/2025] Open
Abstract
The development of the gut microbiome is crucial to human health, particularly during the first three years of life. Given its role in immune development, disturbances in the establishment process of the gut microbiome may have long term consequences. This review summarizes evidence for these claims, highlighting compositional changes of the gut microbiome during this critical period of life as well as factors that affect gut microbiome development. Based on human and animal data, we conclude that the early-life microbiome is a determinant of long-term health, impacting physiological, metabolic, and immune processes. The early-life gut microbiome field faces challenges. Some of these challenges are technical, such as lack of standardized stool collection protocols, inconsistent DNA extraction methods, and outdated sequencing technologies. Other challenges are methodological: small sample sizes, lack of longitudinal studies, and poor control of confounding variables. To address these limitations, we advocate for more robust research methodologies to better understand the microbiome's role in health and disease. Improved methods will lead to more reliable microbiome studies and a deeper understanding of its impact on health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Nunez
- Seeding Inc, DBA Tiny Health, Austin, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ruben A. Mars
- Seeding Inc, DBA Tiny Health, Austin, Texas, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Zhu S, Diao S, Liu X, Zhang Z, Liu F, Chen W, Lu X, Luo H, Cheng X, Liao Q, Li Z, Chen J. Biomaterial-based strategies: a new era in spinal cord injury treatment. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:3476-3500. [PMID: 40095657 PMCID: PMC11974648 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Enhancing neurological recovery and improving the prognosis of spinal cord injury have gained research attention recently. Spinal cord injury is associated with a complex molecular and cellular microenvironment. This complexity has prompted researchers to elucidate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and changes and to identify effective treatment strategies. Traditional approaches for spinal cord injury repair include surgery, oral or intravenous medications, and administration of neurotrophic factors; however, the efficacy of these approaches remains inconclusive, and serious adverse reactions continue to be a concern. With advancements in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, emerging strategies for spinal cord injury repair now involve nanoparticle-based nanodelivery systems, scaffolds, and functional recovery techniques that incorporate biomaterials, bioengineering, stem cell, and growth factors as well as three-dimensional bioprinting. Ideal biomaterial scaffolds should not only provide structural support for neuron migration, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation but also mimic the mechanical properties of natural spinal cord tissue. Additionally, these scaffolds should facilitate axon growth and neurogenesis by offering adjustable topography and a range of physical and biochemical cues. The three-dimensionally interconnected porous structure and appropriate physicochemical properties enabled by three-dimensional biomimetic printing technology can maximize the potential of biomaterials used for treating spinal cord injury. Therefore, correct selection and application of scaffolds, coupled with successful clinical translation, represent promising clinical objectives to enhance the treatment efficacy for and prognosis of spinal cord injury. This review elucidates the key mechanisms underlying the occurrence of spinal cord injury and regeneration post-injury, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, axon regeneration, and angiogenesis. This review also briefly discusses the critical role of nanodelivery systems used for repair and regeneration of injured spinal cord, highlighting the influence of nanoparticles and the factors that affect delivery efficiency. Finally, this review highlights tissue engineering strategies and the application of biomaterial scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injury. It discusses various types of scaffolds, their integrations with stem cells or growth factors, and approaches for optimization of scaffold design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Sijun Diao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhujun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fujun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiyue Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huiyang Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Liu XR, Li M, Hao QQ, Yu YJ, Liao C, Yu R, Kong DL, Wang Y. Unraveling cysteinyl leukotrienes and their receptors in inflammation through the brain-gut-lung axis. Virulence 2025; 16:2502555. [PMID: 40351036 PMCID: PMC12077450 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2502555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2025] [Accepted: 04/23/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), as potent lipid inflammatory mediators, play a pivotal role in systemic multi-organ inflammation and inter-organ communication through interactions with their receptors (CysLTRs). However, However, the function of CysLT3R is unclear and lacks a network of cross-organ metabolite interactions, and the clinical use of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) has certain limitations. This review systematically synthesizes existing evidence and proposes future directions by clarifying receptor subtype specificity, optimizing targeted therapies, exploring CysLTs' applications in neuroimmunology, and elucidating the dual roles of CysLTs in chronic inflammation. It is indicated that CysLTs activate eosinophils, mast cells, and airway tuft cells, driving type 2 immune responses and mucus secretion in the lungs, thereby exacerbating respiratory diseases such as asthma. In the nervous system, CysLTs aggravate neurodegenerative disorders like cerebral ischemia and Alzheimer's disease by disrupting the blood-brain barrier, promoting glial activation, and inducing neuronal damage. In the gut, CysLTs regulate anti-helminth immunity via the tuft cell-ILC2 pathway and collaborate with prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) to modulate bile excretion and mucosal protection. Furthermore, CysLTs mediate communication through the gut-lung and gut-brain axes via metabolites such as succinate, contributing to cross-organ inflammatory regulation. In conclusion, this review highlights the complex roles of CysLTs in chronic inflammation, providing a theoretical foundation for precise intervention in multi-organ inflammatory diseases, which provides a theoretical framework for precision interventions in multi-organ inflammatory diseases and inspires interdisciplinary breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian-Qian Hao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ya-Jie Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Cai Liao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Rui Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - De-Lei Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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26
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Chen D, Ye Y, Li Y, Xue E, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Zhao J. Association of live microbes intake and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer-related mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2025; 47:2449196. [PMID: 39763063 PMCID: PMC11721851 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2449196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 12/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent chronic, non-communicable disease. The long-term health effects of dietary live microbes, primarily probiotics, on CKD patients remain insufficiently understood. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary intake of live microbes and long-term health outcomes among individuals with CKD. METHODS Utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, Cox regression analysis assessed the association between medium and high categories dietary live microbe intake and health outcomes (all-cause, cardiovascular disease [CVD], and cancer-related mortality) in CKD patients. RESULTS A total of 3,646 CKD patients were enrolled. During the follow-up period, 1,593 all-cause mortality events were recorded, including 478 CVD deaths and 268 cancer deaths. In the fully adjusted model, compared to CKD patients in the lowest quartile (quartile 1) of live microbes intake, those in quartiles 3 and 4 exhibited a 20% and 26% reduced risk of all-cause mortality, with hazard ratios (HR) of 0.80 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.69, 0.94) and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.90), respectively. Additionally, compared to those with low live microbe intake (quartile 1), higher live microbe intake in quartile 4 was associated with a 37% reduction in the risk of CVD mortality for CKD patients, with an HR of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.45, 0.88). Consistent results were observed in subgroup and sensitivity analyses. A significant negative association was observed between live microbe intake and the risk of all-cause mortality as well as CVD mortality in the CKD population, with a p-value for trend < 0.05. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that high dietary live microbe intake could mitigate the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in CKD patients. These findings support the inclusion of live microbes in dietary recommendations, highlighting their significant roles in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debin Chen
- Chronic and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Division, Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Yongju Ye
- Department of Gynaecology, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, China
| | - Yining Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Erxu Xue
- Nursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qijun Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Youlan Chen
- Chronic and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Division, Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Chronic and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Division, Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Pollex J, Behrens M, Mittlmeier T, Bruhn S, Weippert M. Acute effects of isolated and combined dietary nitrate and caffeine ingestion on ergometer-based 1000 m time trial performance in highly trained kayakers. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2025; 22:2459095. [PMID: 39967381 PMCID: PMC11841103 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2025.2459095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary nitrate (BR) and caffeine (CAF) ingestion have been shown to increase sports performance. However, the isolated and combined effects of BR and CAF ingestion on time trial (TT) performance as well as the accompanying physiological and perceptual responses have never been investigated in highly trained kayak athletes. Therefore, the present study examined the impact of an isolated and combined supplementation with BR (140 ml beetroot concentrate, ~12.5 mmol nitrate) and CAF (3 mg/kg bodyweight) on 1000 m ergometer TT performance as well as the accompanying physiological (i.e. cardiorespiratory function, muscle oxygenation, muscle activity) and perceptual responses (i.e. fatigue, effort, and exercise-induced pain perception) in male highly trained kayakers. It was hypothesized that the isolated ingestion of BR and CAF would both improve ergometer-based 1000 m TT performance and induce supplement-specific physiological and perceptual responses. Considering the primary effects of BR on muscle function and of CAF on the central nervous system, it was further assumed that the combined ingestion will result in an additional performance increase and supplement-specific physiological and perceptual responses. METHODS Using a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind crossover design, 12 male highly trained kayak athletes from local clubs were investigated. They completed four measurement sessions resulting in four randomized conditions: (i) BR+CAF; (ii) BR+CAF placebo (BR+PLA); (iii) CAF+BR placebo (CAF+PLA); and (iv) BR placebo + CAF placebo (PLA+PLA). An air-braked instrumented kayak-ergometer was used to record 1000 m TT performance, power output, and stroke frequency. Heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO2), maximum VO2 (VO2max), respiratory equivalent of O2 (VE/VO2), and carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2) were measured continuously. Furthermore, oxygenation of the deltoid muscle was measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (mNIRS) and muscle activity of nine unilateral muscles with surface electromyography (i.e. deltoideus, serratus anterior, triceps brachii caput lateralis, trapezius, infraspinatus, latissimus dorsi, obliquus externus, flexor carpi radialis, and vastus lateralis muscle) during the 1000 m TT. After the TT, fatigue, effort, and exercise-induced pain perception were queried. One- and two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures were conducted to determine differences between conditions for the entire 1000 m TT and predefined sections (0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-150 m, 150-250 m, 250-500 m, 500-750 m, 750-1000 m), respectively (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS The supplements did not have an ergogenic effect on TT performance compared to the PLA+PLA condition, either in isolation or in combination. The same applied to the majority of physiological parameters and the perceptual responses. Nevertheless, VE/VO2 was lower during the sections 150-250 m (-5.00%; p = 0.02) and 250-500 m (-3.49%; p = 0.03) in the BR+PLA condition, whereby VE/VCO2 was higher during the section 150-250 m (4.19%; p = 0.04) in the CAF+PLA compared to the PLA+PLA condition, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Data indicate that the isolated and combined ingestion of BR and CAF had no effect on 1000 m TT performance, the majority of physiological responses, and perceptual responses in highly trained kayakers. These findings might be related to the dosage and/or a ceiling effect due to the already efficient vascular, metabolic, and muscle function, including high amounts of endogenous produced nitric oxide, in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Pollex
- University of Rostock, Institute of Sport Science, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Behrens
- University of Applied Sciences for Sport and Management Potsdam, Research and Analysis Methods in Sports Science, Potsdam, Germany
- Rostock University Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Mittlmeier
- Rostock University Medical Center, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sven Bruhn
- University of Rostock, Institute of Sport Science, Rostock, Germany
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Lin A, Jiang A, Huang L, Li Y, Zhang C, Zhu L, Mou W, Liu Z, Zhang J, Cheng Q, Wei T, Luo P. From chaos to order: optimizing fecal microbiota transplantation for enhanced immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2452277. [PMID: 39826104 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2452277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
The integration of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) presents a promising approach for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy and overcoming therapeutic resistance. This review critically examines the controversial effects of FMT on ICIs outcomes and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. We investigate how FMT modulates gut microbiota composition, microbial metabolite profiles, and the tumor microenvironment, thereby influencing ICIs effectiveness. Key factors influencing FMT efficacy, including donor selection criteria, recipient characteristics, and administration protocols, are comprehensively discussed. The review delineates strategies for optimizing FMT formulations and systematically monitoring post-transplant microbiome dynamics. Through a comprehensive synthesis of evidence from clinical trials and preclinical studies, we elucidate the potential benefits and challenges of combining FMT with ICIs across diverse cancer types. While some studies report improved outcomes, others indicate no benefit or potential adverse effects, emphasizing the complexity of host-microbiome interactions in cancer immunotherapy. We outline critical research directions, encompassing the need for large-scale, multi-center randomized controlled trials, in-depth microbial ecology studies, and the integration of multi-omics approaches with artificial intelligence. Regulatory and ethical challenges are critically addressed, underscoring the imperative for standardized protocols and rigorous long-term safety assessments. This comprehensive review seeks to guide future research endeavors and clinical applications of FMT-ICIs combination therapy, with the potential to improve cancer patient outcomes while ensuring both safety and efficacy. As this rapidly evolving field advances, maintaining a judicious balance between openness to innovation and cautious scrutiny is crucial for realizing the full potential of microbiome modulation in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Lihaoyun Huang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyanx Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingxuan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiming Mou
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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Tian R, Song H, Li J, Yuan T, Liu J, Wang Y, Li Y, Song X. PINCH-1 promotes tumor growth and metastasis by enhancing DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2025; 26:2477365. [PMID: 40065703 PMCID: PMC11901378 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2025.2477365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal expression of PINCH-1 has been observed in various types of human cancers. However, the clinical importance and mechanism underlying its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is yet to be fully elucidated. METHODS This study evaluated the expression of PINCH-1 in HNSCC samples through immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. AMC-HN-8, Cal27, and SCC7 cell lines were utilized for cellular function experiments, both in vivo and in vitro. CCK8, colony-formation assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing assay, and transwell assay were employed to investigate the effects of alterations in target proteins on the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. Mito-Tracker Deep Red FM was used to track mitochondrial morphology. RESULTS PINCH-1 was found to be overexpressed in HNSCC and closely associated with lymph node metastasis and poor pathologic differentiation. Its upregulation promoted proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and enhanced migration and invasion in HNSCC cells. It also promoted mitochondrial fission. We conducted a mechanism analysis, which showed that PINCH-1 knockdown inhibited mitochondrial fission by reducing the expression of DRP1. Furthermore, inhibition of mitochondrial fission could impede the proliferation and metastasis of HNSCC cells. Re-expression of DRP1 reversed the inhibitory effect of PINCH-1 knockdown on mitochondrial fission, cell proliferation, and metastasis in HNSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS PINCH-1 plays a critical oncogenic role in HNSCC by enhancing DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission, which may serve as a novel therapeutic target for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxian Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interaction and Regulation, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xicheng Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interaction and Regulation, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Ma X, Li Z, Ma H, Jiang K, Chen B, Wang W, Zhu Z, Wang J, Yang Z, Yunqing W, Dong S. Rotenone inhibited osteosarcoma metastasis by modulating ZO-2 expression and location via the ROS/Ca 2+/AMPK pathway. Redox Rep 2025; 30:2493556. [PMID: 40247635 PMCID: PMC12010658 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2025.2493556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary metastases in osteosarcoma (OS) are associated with a poor prognosis. Rotenone has shown anti-cancer activity. However, its effects on metastasis and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the potential use of Rotenone for OS treatment. METHODS The effect of Rotenone and ROS/Ca2+/AMPK/ZO-2 pathway on metastasis and EMT was evaluated by Western blot, Transwell and Wound healing. Flow cytometer was employed to measure the intracellular Ros and Ca2+ levels. The subcellular location of ZO-2 was detected by IF, interaction between AMPK and ZO-2 were examined by Co-IP. Then, subcutaneous tumor and metastasis models were used to evaluate the function of Rotenone in OS metastasis. RESULTS Rotenone-induced ROS led to increased intracellular Ca2+, which promoted the EMT of OS cells through activation of AMPK and ZO-2 nuclear translocation. Inhibition of ROS production decreased intracellular Ca2+, restraining AMPK activity. Knock-down of ZO-2 significantly suppressed the anti-metastasis effects of Rotenone in OS cells. Moreover, Rotenone elevated p-AMPK and ZO-2 expression but inhibited EMT and lung metastasis in vivo.Conclusion These results provide evidence supporting an anti-metastatic effect of Rotenone. These findings support the use of Rotenone in the prevention of OS metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hengwei Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiquan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wang Yunqing
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suwei Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Wang X, Peng X, Liu J, Tang S, Yang X, Wang J. The association of plasma TMAO and body composition with the occurrence of PEW in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Ren Fail 2025; 47:2481202. [PMID: 40110587 PMCID: PMC11926894 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2025.2481202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2025] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/22/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to explore the relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), body composition, and protein-energy wasting (PEW) in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). METHODS A total of 127 MHD patients participated in this study. Body composition was measured using the InBody770 multi-frequency body composition analyzer. Plasma TMAO concentrations were assessed by ELISA. Cross-sectional analysis was performed after collecting demographic data, dialysis-related data, laboratory parameters, and body composition data from MHD patients. RESULTS In MHD patients, the PEW group exhibited lower levels of hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (ALB), transferrin (TF), creatinine (Cr), triglycerides (TG), prealbumin (PALB), soft lean mass (SLM), body mass index (BMI), percent of body fat (PBF), arm muscle circumference (AMC), and phase angle (PHA) compared to the non-PEW group, while C-reactive protein (CRP) and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels, as well as Extracellular Water/Total Body Water (ECW/TBW) ratio, were higher in the PEW group than in the non-PEW group. After full adjustment, TMAO and ECW/TBW ratio were independent risk factors for PEW in MHD patients. Further, plasma TMAO levels correlated negatively with Cr, ALB, Hb, BMI, and PHA, and positively with ECW/TBW in MHD patients with PEW. The ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) for plasma TMAO in predicting PEW in MHD patients was 0.788. CONCLUSIONS Plasma TMAO levels and certain body composition are associated with the occurrence of PEW in MHD patients. Plasma TMAO levels appear to serve as a potential predictive marker for the onset of PEW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyue Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shiqi Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Xu Y, Gao Z, Liu J, Yang Q, Xu S. Role of gut microbiome in suppression of cancers. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2495183. [PMID: 40254597 PMCID: PMC12013426 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2495183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2025] [Accepted: 04/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/22/2025] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of cancer is closely related to the disruption of homeostasis in the human body. The gut microbiome plays crucial roles in maintaining the homeostasis of its host throughout lifespan. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is involved in the entire process of cancer initiation, development, and prognosis by influencing the host immune system and metabolism. Some specific intestinal bacteria promote the occurrence and development of cancers under certain conditions. Conversely, some other specific intestinal bacteria suppress the oncogenesis and progression of cancers, including inhibiting the occurrence of cancers, delaying the progression of cancers and boosting the therapeutic effect on cancers. The promoting effects of the gut microbiome on cancers have been comprehensively discussed in the previous review. This article will review the latest advances in the roles and mechanisms of gut microbiome in cancer suppression, providing a new perspective for developing strategies of cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Gao
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Shunjiang Xu
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
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Gong Y, Zhao M, Pan M, Zhao Y, Liu J, Wen H, Wang J. Harmine derivative H-2-168 induces the death of Echinococcus granulosus by regulating mitochondrial fusion and fission. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2025; 63:188-200. [PMID: 40188381 PMCID: PMC11980216 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2025.2485898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2025] [Accepted: 03/26/2025] [Indexed: 04/08/2025]
Abstract
CONTEXT H-2-168 has pharmacological effects similar to those of harmine, with less toxicity. The health of cells and organisms depends on a delicate balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the roles of H-2-168 and mitochondrial fusion and fission in Echinococcus granulosus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Notably, E. granulosus were isolated from fresh sheep livers, and then treated with H-2-168 (25 μg/mL), mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi-1, 25 μg/mL) or the combination of H-2-168:Mdivi-1 (25 μg/mL:12.5 μg/mL). After 24 h of culture, the indices related to E. granulosus were measured. Additionally, Drp1 was knocked down to explore its effects on E. granulosus growth. RESULTS The EC50 values of H-2-168, Mdivi-1 and H-2-168:Mdivi-1 against E. granulosus were 44.171, 117.882 and 32.924 μg/mL, respectively. Compared with H-2-168 or Mdivi-1, the combination of H-2-168 and Mdivi-1 showed better inhibitory effects on E. granulosus viability, as well as increased levels of ROS and LDH, decreased ATP levels, inhibited mitochondrial activity and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (p < 0.05), with the upregulation of Caspase-3, Cyt-c, Drp1, Fis1 and downregulation of Bcl-2, Mfn2 and OPA1. Additionally, Drp1 knockdown was successfully performed in E. granulosus, which significantly inhibited E. granulosus viability (p < 0.05) and further downregulated Mfn2 expression induced by H-2-168. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Drp1 is closely associated with mitochondrial fusion and fission, and H-2-168 may promote E. granulosus death through disrupting the balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Gong
- Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Meiling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Meichi Pan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yicong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Junpeng Liu
- Department of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research, Urumqi, China
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Minty M, Germain A, Sun J, Kaglan G, Servant F, Lelouvier B, Misselis E, Neagoe RM, Rossella M, Cardellini M, Burcelin R, Federici M, Fernandez-Real JM, Blasco-Baque V. Identifying the location-dependent adipose tissue bacterial DNA signatures in obese patients that predict body weight loss. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2439105. [PMID: 39714075 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2439105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent sets of evidence have described profiles of 16S rDNA sequences in host tissues, notably in fat pads that are significantly overrepresented and can serve as signatures of metabolic disease. However, these recent and original observations need to be further detailed and functionally defined. Here, using state-of-the-art targeted DNA sequencing and discriminant predictive approaches, we describe, from the longitudinal FLORINASH cohort of patients who underwent bariatric surgery, visceral, and subcutaneous fat pad-specific bacterial 16SrRNA signatures. The corresponding Porphyromonadaceae, Campylobacteraceae, Prevotellaceae, Actimomycetaceae, Veillonellaceae, Anaerivoracaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, and the Clostridium family XI 16SrRNA DNA segment profiles are signatures of the subcutaneous adipose depot while Pseudomonadaceae and Micrococcacecae, 16SrRNA DNA sequence profiles characterize the visceral adipose depot. In addition, we have further identified that a specific pre-bariatric surgery adipose tissue bacterial DNA signature predicts the efficacy of body weight loss in obese patients 5-10 years after the surgery. 16SrRNA signatures discriminate (ROC ~ 1) the patients who did not maintain bodyweight loss and those who did. Second, from the 16SrRNA sequences we infer potential pathways suggestive of catabolic biochemical activities that could be signatures of subcutaneous adipose depots that predict body weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Minty
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), InCOMM Intestine ClinicOralOmics Metabolism & Microbiota UMR1297 Inserm / Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, Cedex, France
| | - Alberic Germain
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), InCOMM Intestine ClinicOralOmics Metabolism & Microbiota UMR1297 Inserm / Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, Cedex, France
| | - Jiuwen Sun
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), InCOMM Intestine ClinicOralOmics Metabolism & Microbiota UMR1297 Inserm / Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, Cedex, France
| | - Gracia Kaglan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), InCOMM Intestine ClinicOralOmics Metabolism & Microbiota UMR1297 Inserm / Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, Cedex, France
| | | | | | - Emiri Misselis
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), InCOMM Intestine ClinicOralOmics Metabolism & Microbiota UMR1297 Inserm / Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, Cedex, France
| | - Radu Mircea Neagoe
- Science and Technology "George Emil Palade" Tîrgu Mures, Second Department of Surgery, Emergency Mureş County Hospital, University of Medicine Pharmacy, Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Menghini Rossella
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Cardellini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Rémy Burcelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), InCOMM Intestine ClinicOralOmics Metabolism & Microbiota UMR1297 Inserm / Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, Cedex, France
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - José Manuel Fernandez-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital of Girona 'Dr Josep Trueta'
- Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Girona IdibGi, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Girona, Spain
| | - Vincent Blasco-Baque
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), InCOMM Intestine ClinicOralOmics Metabolism & Microbiota UMR1297 Inserm / Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, Cedex, France
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Peng X, Li L, Peng Y, Zhou G, An Z. Bioengineering and omics approaches for Type 1 diabetes practical research: advancements and constraints. Ann Med 2025; 57:2322047. [PMID: 39704022 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2322047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin dependency arises from autoimmunity that targets the β cells of the pancreas, resulting in Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Despite the fact that T1D patients require insulin for survival, insulin does not provide a cure for this disease or prevent its complications. Despite extensive genetic, molecular, and cellular research on T1D over the years, the translation of this understanding into effective clinical therapies continues to pose a significant obstacle. It is therefore difficult to develop effective clinical treatment strategies without a thorough understanding of disease pathophysiology. Pancreatic tissue bioengineering models of human T1D offer a valuable approach to examining and controlling islet function while tackling various facets of the condition. And in recent years, due to advances in high-throughput omics analysis, the genotypic and molecular profiles of T1D have become finer tuned. The present article will examine recent progress in these areas, along with their utilization and constraints in the realm of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yihua Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangju Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenmei An
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Cao H, Tao Y, Jin R, Li P, Zhou H, Cheng J. Proteomics reveals the key transcription-related factors mediating obstructive nephropathy in pediatric patients and mice. Ren Fail 2025; 47:2443032. [PMID: 39743726 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2443032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive nephropathy is one of the leading causes of kidney injury in infants and children. Increasing evidence has shown that transcription-related factors (TRFs), including transcription factors and cofactors, are associated with kidney diseases. However, a global landscape of dysregulated TRFs in pediatric patients with obstructive nephropathy is lacking. METHODS We mined the data from our previous proteomic study for the TRF profile in pediatric patients with obstructive nephropathy and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was performed to determine pathways that were enriched in the dysregulated TRFs. We then took advantage of kidney samples from patients and UUO mice to verify the selected TRFs by immunoblots. RESULTS The proteomes identified a total of 140 human TRFs with 28 upregulated and 1 downregulated, and 160 murine TRFs with 88 upregulated and 1 downregulated (fold change >2 or <0.5). These dysregulated TRFs were enriched in the inflammatory signalings, such as janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathways. Of note, the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway, which is the master regulator of organ fibrosis, was enriched in both patients and mice. Cross-species analysis showed 16 key TRFs that might mediate obstructive nephropathy in patients and UUO mice. Moreover, we verified a significant dysregulation of three previously unexplored TRFs; prohibitin (PHB), regulatory factor X 1 (RFX1), and activity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox protein (ADNP), in patients and mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study uncovered key TRFs in the obstructed kidneys and provided additional molecular insights into obstructive nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualin Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuandong Tao
- Department of Pediatric Urology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyue Jin
- Department of Pediatric Urology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Pin Li
- Department of Pediatric Urology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Urology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiwen Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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He Y, Zhao G, Ouyang X, Wang S, Chen Y, Li C, He Y, Gao J, Han S, Zhao J, Wang J, Wang C. Creatine-mediated ferroptosis inhibition is involved in the intestinal radioprotection of daytime-restricted feeding. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2489072. [PMID: 40205678 PMCID: PMC11988229 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2489072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2025] [Accepted: 03/31/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation-induced intestinal injury (IRIII) is a catastrophic disease lack of sufficient medical countermeasures currently. Regulation of the gut microbiota through dietary adjustments is a potential strategy to mitigate IRIII. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is an emerging behavioral nutrition intervention with pleiotropic health benefits. Whether this dietary pattern influences the pathogenesis of IRIII remains vague. We evaluated the impact of TRF on intestinal radiosensitivity in this study and discovered that only daytime TRF (DTRF), not nighttime TRF, could ameliorate intestinal damage in mice that received a high dose of IR. Faecal metagenomic and metabolomic studies revealed that the intestinal creatine level was increased by approximate 9 times by DTRF, to which the Bifidobacterium pseudolongum enrichment contribute. Further investigations showed that creatine could activate the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase in irradiated enterocytes and induce phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, resulting in reduced production of polyunsaturated fatty acids and reduced ferroptosis after IR. The administration of creatine mitigated IRIII and reduced bacteremia and proinflammatory responses. Blockade of creatine import compromised the ferroptosis inhibition and mitigation of DTRF on IRIII. Our study demonstrates a radioprotective dietary mode that can reshape the gut microbiota and increase intestinal creatine, which can suppress IR-induced ferroptosis, thereby providing effective countermeasures for IRIII prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaomei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenwenya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongwu He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jining Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Songling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Qing J, Li C, Jiao N. Deciphering the causal link between gut microbiota and membranous nephropathy: insights into potential inflammatory mechanisms. Ren Fail 2025; 47:2476053. [PMID: 40083050 PMCID: PMC11912295 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2025.2476053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2025] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Membranous nephropathy (MN), a leading cause of adult nephrotic syndrome and renal failure, has been linked to gut microbiota (GM) and their metabolites. However, direct causal relationships and therapeutic implications remain unclear. METHODS We utilized a comprehensive GWAS dataset that encompasses GM, metabolites, and MN through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, bidirectional MR evaluations, and detailed sensitivity tests. RESULTS We identified strong causal associations between nine specific types of GM, including class Clostridia (OR = 1.816, 95%CI: 1.021-3.236, p = .042), class Melainabacteria (OR = 0.661, 95%CI: 0.439-0.996, p = .048), order Gastranaerophilales (OR = 0.689, 95%CI: 0.480-0.996, p = .044), genus Alistipes (OR = 0.480, 95%CI: 0.223-0.998, p = .049), genus Butyricicoccus (OR = 0.464, 95%CI: 0.216-0.995, p = .048), genus Butyrivibrio (OR = 0.799, 95%CI: 0.639-0.998, p = .048), genus Ruminococcaceae UCG003 (OR = 0.563, 95%CI: 0.362-0.877, p = .011), genus Streptococcus (OR = 0.619, 95%CI: 0.393-0.973, p = .038), and genus Oscillibacter (OR = 1.90, 95%CI: 1.06-3.40, p = .031). Additionally, the metabolite tryptophan also exhibited a significant causal influence on MN (OR = 0.852, 95%CI: 0.754-0.963, p = .010). Sensitivity and reverse MR analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Further exploration using gutMGene database suggests that GM may influence MN by affecting the release of inflammatory factors and modulating inflammatory pathways. CONCLUSION This study offers a comprehensive understanding of the causal links between GM, their metabolites, and MN, which highlight potential pathways for developing new preventive and therapeutic strategies for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Qing
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Changqun Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Jiao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Big Data Center of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Taiyuan, China
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Ismail R, Najar IA, Rahamathulla M, Hussain MU, Banday MS, Devi S, Arora P, Kumar M, Shivanandappa TB, Ahmed MM, Pasha I. IRES activation: HK2 and TPI1 glycolytic enzymes play a pivotal role in non-neuronal cell survival under hypoxia. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2025; 53:139-152. [PMID: 40105374 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2025.2480601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2025] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/20/2025]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced brain damage can cause consciousness, memory failure and death. HK2 and TPI1 were investigated to see how they change hypoxia sensitivity in neurons and non-neurons. Hypoxia sensitivity is determined by the differential overexpression of both important glycolytic enzymes in neuronal and non-neuronal cells. C6 glioma cells expressed greater HK2 and TPI1 protein than neuro 2A cells, which were more sensitive to hypoxia-induced cell death by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay. After 48 h of hypoxia, C6 glioma cells displayed substantial protein upregulation of HK2 and TPI1 glycolytic proteins but not mRNA. Hypoxia did not raise HK2 and TPI1 mRNA transcription, pointing at post-transcriptional protein regulation. Using di-cistronic and promoter-less di-cistronic assays, we discovered significant IRES regions in HK2 and TPI1 mRNA's 5'UTR, more active in C6 glioma cells with polypyrimidine tract binding (PTB) protein. We concluded that non-neuronal cells varied in HK2 and TPI1 overexpression, altering their vulnerability to hypoxia-induced cell death. Adjusting HK2, TP1 and PTB levels may prevent hypoxia-induced brain cell death. These results offer new information on glycolytic enzyme modulation under hypoxia, crucial for comprehending cell survival in hypoxic situations. This could affect situations like neurodegenerative illnesses or ischaemic injuries, where hypoxia-induced cell death is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Ismail
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | | - Mohamed Rahamathulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahboob-Ul- Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Muddasir Sharief Banday
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sushma Devi
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Poonam Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Pasha
- Department of Pharmacology, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Science, Asmara, Eritrea
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Cheng Y, Guo L. Lactate metabolism and lactylation in kidney diseases: insights into mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Ren Fail 2025; 47:2469746. [PMID: 40012230 PMCID: PMC11869332 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2025.2469746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025] Open
Abstract
The kidney is essential for lactate metabolism. Under normal conditions, the renal cortex mainly absorbs and metabolizes lactate, with minimal amounts excreted in urine. This process is part of a glucose-lactate recycling system between the cortex and medulla. In conditions such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the kidney's ability to metabolize lactate is impaired, leading to lactate accumulation and exacerbated renal dysfunction. Novel post-translational modifications, such as lactylation, are critical in kidney disease pathophysiology by modulating gene transcription, protein function, and cellular metabolism. Lactylation is involved in inflammatory responses and tumor promotion in AKI, mitochondrial dysfunction in DKD, and tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The lactate-lactylation axis is central to the Warburg effect in ccRCC, where tumor cells preferentially rely on glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation. Understanding the mechanisms of lactate metabolism and lactylation in kidney diseases may offer new therapeutic strategies. This review examines the role of lactate esters, especially lactylation, in kidney diseases, with a focus on their regulatory mechanisms and potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linjuan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Fumagalli A, Castells-Nobau A, Trivedi D, Garre-Olmo J, Puig J, Ramos R, Ramió-Torrentà L, Pérez-Brocal V, Moya A, Swann J, Martin-Garcia E, Maldonado R, Fernández-Real JM, Mayneris-Perxachs J. Archaea methanogens are associated with cognitive performance through the shaping of gut microbiota, butyrate and histidine metabolism. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2455506. [PMID: 39910065 PMCID: PMC11810085 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2455506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 12/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2025] [Indexed: 02/07/2025] Open
Abstract
The relationship between bacteria, cognitive function and obesity is well established, yet the role of archaeal species remains underexplored. We used shotgun metagenomics and neuropsychological tests to identify microbial species associated with cognition in a discovery cohort (IRONMET, n = 125). Interestingly, methanogen archaeas exhibited the strongest positive associations with cognition, particularly Methanobrevibacter smithii (M. smithii). Stratifying individuals by median-centered log ratios (CLR) of M. smithii (low and high M. smithii groups: LMs and HMs) revealed that HMs exhibited better cognition and distinct gut bacterial profiles (PERMANOVA p = 0.001), characterized by increased levels of Verrucomicrobia, Synergistetes and Lentisphaerae species and reduced levels of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. Several of these species were linked to the cognitive test scores. These findings were replicated in a large-scale validation cohort (Aging Imageomics, n = 942). Functional analyses revealed an enrichment of energy, butyrate, and bile acid metabolism in HMs in both cohorts. Global plasma metabolomics by CIL LC-MS in IRONMET identified an enrichment of methylhistidine, phenylacetate, alpha-linolenic and linoleic acid, and secondary bile acid metabolism associated with increased levels of 3-methylhistidine, phenylacetylgluamine, adrenic acid, and isolithocholic acid in the HMs group. Phenylacetate and linoleic acid metabolism also emerged in the Aging Imageomics cohort performing untargeted HPLC-ESI-MS/MS metabolic profiling, while a targeted bile acid profiling identified again isolithocholic acid as one of the most significant bile acid increased in the HMs. 3-Methylhistidine levels were also associated with intense physical activity in a second validation cohort (IRONMET-CGM, n = 116). Finally, FMT from HMs donors improved cognitive flexibility, reduced weight, and altered SCFAs, histidine-, linoleic acid- and phenylalanine-related metabolites in the dorsal striatum of recipient mice. M. smithii seems to interact with the bacterial ecosystem affecting butyrate, histidine, phenylalanine, and linoleic acid metabolism with a positive impact on cognition, constituting a promising therapeutic target to enhance cognitive performance, especially in subjects with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fumagalli
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Girona, Spain
- Integrative Systems Medicine and Biology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Salt, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Castells-Nobau
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Girona, Spain
- Integrative Systems Medicine and Biology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Salt, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid, Spain
| | - Dakshat Trivedi
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Josep Garre-Olmo
- serra-hunter program Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Josep Puig
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Institute of Diagnostic Imaging (IDI)-Research Unit (IDIR), Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Imaging, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain
- Department of Radiology (IDI), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Rafel Ramos
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Vascular Health Research Group of Girona (ISV-Girona), Jordi Gol Institute for Primary Care Research (Institut Universitari per a la Recerca en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol I Gorina -IDIAPJGol), Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud-RICAPPS- ISCIII Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Research in Vascular Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Lluís Ramió-Torrentà
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Department of Neurology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation Research Group, IDIBGI-CERCA, Girona, Spain
| | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jonathan Swann
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Elena Martin-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Maldonado
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Girona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Integrative Systems Medicine and Biology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Salt, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid, Spain
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Li C, Ji H, Zhuang S, Xie X, Cui D, Zhang C. Update on the correlation between mitochondrial function and osteonecrosis of the femoral head osteocytes. Redox Rep 2025; 30:2491846. [PMID: 40249372 PMCID: PMC12010656 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2025.2491846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial health is maintained in a steady state through mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy processes. Recent studies have identified healthy mitochondria as crucial regulators of cellular function and survival. This process involves adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), regulation of calcium metabolism and inflammatory responses, and intracellular oxidative stress management. In the skeletal system, they participate in the regulation of cellular behaviors and the responses of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and osteocytes to external stimuli. Indeed, mitochondrial damage or dysfunction occurs in the development of a few bone diseases. For example, mitochondrial damage may lead to an imbalance in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, resulting in osteoporosis, osteomalacia, or poor bone production, and chondrocyte death and inflammatory infiltration in osteoarthritis are the main causes of cartilage degeneration due to mitochondrial damage. However, the opposite exists for osteosarcoma, where overactive mitochondrial metabolism is able to accelerate the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells, which is a major disease feature. Bone is a dynamic organ and osteocytes play a fundamental role in all regions of bone tissue and are involved in regulating bone integrity. This review examines the impact of mitochondrial physiological function on osteocyte health and summarizes the microscopic molecular mechanisms underlying its effects. It highlights that targeted therapies focusing on osteocyte mitochondria may be beneficial for osteocyte survival, providing a new insight for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases associated with osteocyte death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hangyu Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suyang Zhuang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhui Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daping Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Bao’an District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Li X, Zhu L. Comprehensive profiling of cell type-specific expression and distribution of complement genes in mouse and human kidneys: insights into normal physiology and response to kidney transplantations. Ren Fail 2025; 47:2471568. [PMID: 40015727 PMCID: PMC11869339 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2025.2471568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2025] [Accepted: 02/15/2025] [Indexed: 03/01/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies innovatively revealed the localized expression of complement genes in kidneys and shed light on the vital roles of the intracellular complement system in the physiologic function and pathological conditions. However, a comprehensive analysis of the expression of complement genes in the context of the evolving cellular landscape of the kidney is not available. METHODS We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from healthy human subjects, C57BL/6 mice, and kidney transplant-rejected mice. The data were sourced from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus and processed using quality control measures and unsupervised clustering. Differential gene analyses were based on expression levels. RESULTS In total, 50 complement genes were categorized into pattern recognition molecules, proteases, complement components, receptors, and regulators. In normal mice kidneys, complement genes were expressed at relatively low levels. Among different complement gene categories, receptor genes were most widely expressed in kidney cells. Comparatively, macrophages and mesangial cells are the most abundant immune and nonimmune cell types for complement gene expression. A comparison of human and mouse data showed similar expression patterns, but human kidney complement gene expression was more abundant. Comparative analysis between mouse transplant-rejected and normal kidneys demonstrated stronger complement gene expression in transplant-rejected kidneys. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrated significant similarities in complement gene expression between murine and human kidneys and highlighted the responsive nature of complement genes to kidney injury, underscoring the dynamic nature of local complement regulation. These findings enhance our understanding of the complex regulation of the complement system within the kidney, offering insights into its role in renal disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Li
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease (Peking University), National Health Commission, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease (Peking University), National Health Commission, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Wang Z, Liu T, He K, Wang L, Ma X, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Zhao L. Knockdown of HGH1 in breast cancer cell lines can inhibit the viability, invasion and migration of tumor cells. Cell Adh Migr 2025; 19:1-14. [PMID: 39691959 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2024.2442349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 10/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the function of HGH1 in breast cancer remains lacking. METHODS TCGAand GEO (GSE45827) datasets investigated discrepancies in HGH1 expression in BC. An aggregate of 106 clinical samples were gathered through immunohistochemistry, KM curves were drawn for prognostic analysis, and the function of HGH1 of BC was predicted. Finally, the effects of HGH1 knockdown on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 BC cells were verified via CCK8, invasion, wound healing and colony formation assays. RESULTS HGH1 is highly expressed in BC and is linked to unfavorable prognosis. HGH1 overexpression is connected to keratinization and the cell cycle and is closely related to ER and PR expression and tumor stage in BC patients. Knocking down HGH1 in BC cells inhibited the viability, invasion and migration. CONCLUSION Knockdown of HGH1 in breast cancer cell lines can inhibit the viability, invasion and migration of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Taiyuan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kang He
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longyun Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoyun Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingchao Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Wu X, Xu H, Xia E, Gao L, Hou Y, Sun L, Zhang H, Cheng Y. Histone modifications in the regulation of erythropoiesis. Ann Med 2025; 57:2490824. [PMID: 40214280 PMCID: PMC11995772 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2490824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2025] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathogenesis of anemia and other erythroid dysphasia are mains poorly understood, primarily due to limited knowledge about the differentiation processes and regulatory mechanisms governing erythropoiesis. Erythropoiesis is a highly complex and precise biological process, that can be categorized into three distinct stages: early erythropoiesis, terminal erythroid differentiation, and reticulocyte maturation, and this complex process is tightly controlled by multiple regulatory factors. Emerging evidence highlights the crucial role of epigenetic modifications, particularly histone modifications, in regulating erythropoiesis. Methylation and acetylation are two common modification forms that affect genome accessibility by altering the state of chromatin, thereby regulating gene expression during erythropoiesis. DISCUSSION This review systematically examines the roles of histone methylation and acetylation, along with their respective regulatory enzymes, in regulating the development and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and erythroid progenitors. Furthermore, we discuss the involvement of these histone modifications in erythroid-specific developmental processes, including hemoglobin switching, chromatin condensation, and enucleation.Conclusions This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of histone modifications in erythropoiesis based on existing research, as a foundation for further research the mechanisms of epigenetic regulatory in erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongdi Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erxi Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linru Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hengchao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Hussain N, Ibrahim Al Haddad AH, Abbass S, Alfahl Z. The potential impact of habitual sleep quality on glycaemic control and inflammation: A study on geriatric patients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sleep Med X 2025; 9:100139. [PMID: 40129674 PMCID: PMC11932673 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2025.100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2025] [Accepted: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Sleep quality and its relationship with glycaemic control is of particular interest in the context of geriatric diabetes. We aimed to investigate the potential impact of habitual sleep quality on glycaemic control status among geriatric patients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 193 geriatric patients recently diagnosed with T2DM in a tertiary-care hospital were selected. A developed questionnaire was used to assess various aspects of sleep quality. Glycaemic control was evaluated through fasting blood glucose levels, HbA1c measurements and number of admissions to the hospital for hypoglycaemic or hyperglycaemic episodes. Patients were divided into Poor Sleep Quality (PSQ, n = 132) and Adequate Sleep Quality (ASQ, n = 61) groups. The PSQ group exhibited significantly worse sleep outcomes, including longer sleep latency (35 ± 9.2 min vs. 15 ± 6.4 min), shorter sleep duration (5 h 42 min vs. 7 h 18 min) and greater use of sleep medications (72 % vs. 22 %). Glycaemic control, measured by HbA1c, was worse in the PSQ group (8.7 ± 1.9 vs. 7.2 ± 1.2; p < 0.01), which also had more frequent severe hypoglycaemic (35 ± 1.4 vs. 8 ± 2.1; p = 0.02) and ketoacidotic episodes (72 ± 1.0 vs. 5 ± 1.1; p = 0.01). These findings suggest an association between poor sleep quality and poorer glycaemic control, with more frequent diabetes-related complications, highlighting the need for further research to explore potential causal relationships and targeted interventions in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Saima Abbass
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shifa Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zina Alfahl
- Antimicrobial Resistance & Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Centre for One Health, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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47
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Domínguez R, López-León I, Moreno-Lara J, Rico E, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Sánchez-Gómez Á, Pecci J. Sport supplementation in competitive swimmers: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2025; 22:2486988. [PMID: 40205676 PMCID: PMC11986859 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2025.2486988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Competitive swimmers have a high prevalence of sports supplement (SS) consumption. However, only a few SS are scientifically proven to be safe, effective, and legal. Therefore, before incorporating supplements to enhance performance and health in competitive swimming, it is crucial to conduct an analysis and review to assess their effects. The objective of this study was to analyze the demonstrated effects of SS, as reported in published studies, on the swimming performance of competitive swimmers. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across six databases for the selection of studies included in this review. Studies that analyzed the effects of sports supplementation compared to placebo were included and subjected to meta-analysis. RESULTS This revision included 23 studies, 16 of them (69.6%) qualified as excellent and 7 (30.4%) as good at the methodological level based on the punctuation in the PEDro scale. The systematic review included 422 swimmers (61.8% male, 38.2% female), with distances assessed ranging from 50 m to 800 m, including studies employing interval procedures. Creatine showed a significant effect (ES = -0.46; 95% CIs = -0.75 to -0.17, p = 0.002; I2 = 11%) on swimming performance, while the rest of the analyzed supplements did not show significant effects (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Creatine supplementation demonstrated ergogenic benefits for competitive swimmers, although the evidence supporting the use of this supplement is still limited. Sodium bicarbonate and β-alanine may enhance performance in distances with higher glycolytic demands, while caffeine is effective at dosages of 3-6 mg/kg administered 60 min before exercise. Further research is needed to confirm the potential ergogenic effects of other supplements, such as beetroot juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Domínguez
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Motricidad Humana Rendimiento Deportivo, Sevilla, Spain
- University of Lavras, Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), Lavras, Brazil
| | - Inmaculada López-León
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Motricidad Humana Rendimiento Deportivo, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Moreno-Lara
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Motricidad Humana Rendimiento Deportivo, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Esteban Rico
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Motricidad Humana Rendimiento Deportivo, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver
- Universidad de Sevilla, Departamento de Motricidad Humana Rendimiento Deportivo, Sevilla, Spain
- University of Lavras, Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), Lavras, Brazil
| | - Ángela Sánchez-Gómez
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Enfermería Farmacología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Córdoba, España
| | - Javier Pecci
- University of Seville, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Seville, Spain
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48
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Sapra L, Saini C, Mishra PK, Garg B, Gupta S, Manhas V, Srivastava RK. Bacillus coagulans ameliorates inflammatory bone loss in post-menopausal osteoporosis via modulating the "Gut-Immune-Bone" axis. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2492378. [PMID: 40275534 PMCID: PMC12036487 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2492378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2025] [Accepted: 04/07/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that leads to lower bone mineral density and intensifies the risk of unexpected fractures. Recently, our group reported that numerical defect in the frequencies of Bregs along with their compromised tendency to produce IL-10 cytokine further aggravates inflammatory bone loss in post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMO). Dysbiosis induced mucosal injury and leaky gut are the predominant contributors involved in the progression of inflammatory diseases including PMO. Furthermore, several evidence suggest that gut microbial composition plays a crucial role in the development and differentiation of Bregs. Nevertheless, the potential role of dysbiotic gut microbiota (GM) and Bregs under estrogen deficient PMO conditions has never been deciphered. Here, we evaluated the role of GM in the onset and progression of PMO along with its role in modulating the anti-osteoporotic potential of Bregs. We found that enhancement in the endotoxin producing bacteria and concomitant reduction in the short chain fatty acids producing bacteria, both under pre-clinical and clinical osteoporotic condition augment inflammatory bone loss. This suggests that dysbiosis of GM potentially exacerbates bone deterioration under estrogen deficient PMO conditions. Remarkably, supplementation of probiotic Bacillus coagulans significantly improved the bone mineral density, bone strength, and bone microarchitecture by modulating the anti-osteoclastogenic, immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory potential of Bregs. The present study delves deeper into the role of immune homeostasis ("Breg-Treg-Th17" cell axis) and GM profile in the pathophysiology of PMO. Altogether, findings of the present study open novel therapeutic avenues, suggesting restoration of GM composition as one of the viable therapeutic options in mitigating inflammatory bone loss under PMO conditions via modulating the "Gut-Immune-Bone" axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Sapra
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), An ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence in Bone Health, Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Chaman Saini
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), An ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence in Bone Health, Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Pradyumna K. Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Bhavuk Garg
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sarika Gupta
- Molecular Science lab, National Institute of Immunology (NII), New Delhi, India
| | - Vikrant Manhas
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh K. Srivastava
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), An ICMR-Collaborating Centre of Excellence in Bone Health, Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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49
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Miao M, Chen Y, Wang X, Li S, Hu R. The critical role of ferroptosis in virus-associated hematologic malignancies and its potential value in antiviral-antitumor therapy. Virulence 2025; 16:2497908. [PMID: 40302035 PMCID: PMC12045570 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2497908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2025] [Accepted: 04/21/2025] [Indexed: 05/01/2025] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) are key infectious agents linked to the development of various hematological malignancies, including Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. This review highlights the critical knowledge gaps in understanding the role of ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death, in virus-related tumors. We focus on how ferroptosis influences the host cell response to these viral infections, revealing groundbreaking mechanisms by which the three viruses differentially regulate core pathways of ferroptosis, such as iron homeostasis, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant systems, thereby promoting malignant transformation of host cells. Additionally, we explore the potential of antiviral drugs and ferroptosis modulators in the treatment of virus-associated hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Miao
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuelei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuehan Wang
- Shenyang Shenhua Institute Test Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shengyang Li
- Publishing Department, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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50
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Driuchina A, Isola V, Hulmi JJ, Salmi VM, Hintikka J, Ahtiainen JP, Pekkala S. Unveiling the impact of competition weight loss on gut microbiota: alterations in diversity, composition, and predicted metabolic functions. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2025; 22:2474561. [PMID: 40033182 PMCID: PMC11881659 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2025.2474561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Competitive sports and sports nutrition, popular among amateur athletes aiming for a lean physique, have limited research on gut microbiota. METHODS We conducted a 46-week study to analyze the consequences of fat loss and diet restrictions in 23 fitness athletes who prepared for a physique competition. Body composition, dietary intakes, serum cytokines and chemokines, and fecal samples were analyzed. RESULTS Fat loss through caloric restriction and aerobic exercise led to an increased phylogenetic diversity of gut microbiota and changes in the composition of gut microbiota, with Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroides, and Intestinimonas showing altered abundances. Fat loss also changed the predicted microbial functions responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids. Consumption of energy, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins and minerals, and various fatty acids decreased during the preparation for the competition, which was partly associated with changes in gut microbiota. Several cytokine levels decreased (IL1a, IL1b, IL10, and TFNα), and certain chemokine levels increased (GROa and RANTES). During the 23-week regain period after the competition, gut microbiota showed signs of recovery, with increased diversity compared to pre- and post-competition measurements. Most taxonomic changes returned to their baseline levels after the regain period. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the dynamic nature of gut microbiota and its response to fat loss and regain in non-obese fitness/physique competitors and provides novel insights into how competitive sports and sports nutrition can influence the gut ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Driuchina
- University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ville Isola
- University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juha J Hulmi
- University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Vera M Salmi
- University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jukka Hintikka
- University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juha P Ahtiainen
- University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Satu Pekkala
- University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Turku, Finland
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