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Sugiura K, Kawasaki H, Egami T, Kaneko M, Ishida N, Tamura S, Tani S, Yamade M, Hamaya Y, Osawa S, Takeuchi H, Baba S, Sugimoto K, Iwaizumi M. Iron deposition in gastric black spots: Clinicopathological insights and NanoSuit-correlative light and electron microscopy analysis. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e398. [PMID: 38895560 PMCID: PMC11182783 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Black spots (BSs) are lentiginous findings observed in the gastric body and fundus during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and are predominantly seen in patients undergoing Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment. However, the detailed patient background and exact composition are poorly understood. This study aims to clarify the clinicopathological features of BSs, examine patient demographics, and use the NanoSuit-correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) method combined with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for elemental analysis. Methods Patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between 2017 and 2022 were included. Data on age, medications, blood tests, and H. pylori infection status were retrospectively gathered from medical records. Univariate analysis was conducted to examine BS presence, with results then used in a multivariate model to identify associated risk factors. Additionally, pathological specimens from patients with BSs were analyzed for elemental composition using the NanoSuit-CLEM method combined with scanning electronmicroscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results An analysis of 6778 cases identified risk factors for BSs, including older age and using proton pump inhibitors, statins, corticosteroids, and antithrombotic drugs. Endoscopically, BSs correlated with higher gastric atrophy and lower active H. pylori infection. Iron deposition at BS sites was specifically identified using NanoSuit-CLEM. Conclusions BSs on gastrointestinal endoscopy may indicate an absence of active H. pylori inflammation. The discovery of iron deposition within BSs using the NanoSuit-CLEM method has offered new insights into the possible causative factors and advances our understanding of the etiology of BSs, bringing us closer to unraveling the underlying mechanisms of their formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiichi Sugiura
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Hideya Kawasaki
- Institute for NanoSuit ResearchPreeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research CenterHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Takatoshi Egami
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Masanao Kaneko
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Natsuki Ishida
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Shinya Tani
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Mihoko Yamade
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Yasushi Hamaya
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of SurgeryHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Satoshi Baba
- Department of Diagnostic PathologyHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- First Department of MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
| | - Moriya Iwaizumi
- Department of Laboratory MedicineHamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuokaJapan
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2
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Ogura K, Ichijima R, Ikehara H, Sugita T, Yamaguchi D, Nagata Y, Esaki M, Minoda Y, Ono H, Hotta K, Kiriyama S, Sumiyoshi T, Kanmura Y. Comparison of remimazolam and midazolam for sedation during colonoscopy in Japanese patients: A propensity score matching analysis. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e412. [PMID: 39050143 PMCID: PMC11266431 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To compare the efficacy and safety of sedation with midazolam and remimazolam for colorectal endoscopy. Methods This single-center, two-arm, post-hoc analysis of the REM-IICTJP01 study investigated the efficacy and safety of remimazolam for gastrointestinal endoscopic sedation. We enrolled 40 and 208 patients who underwent colonoscopy under remimazolam and midazolam sedation, respectively, during the same period. The primary outcome was the time from the end of the colonoscopy until discharge. The secondary outcomes included the time from the end of the colonoscopy until awakening, dosage, and adverse events. Propensity score matching was employed to eliminate the effect of confounding factors. Results Thirty-seven patients in each group were matched. After propensity matching, the time to awakening after colonoscopy was 28.0 (13.0-37.0) min in the midazolam group and 0 (0-0) min in the remimazolam group; moreover, the time till discharge was 40.0 (35.0-46.5) min in the midazolam group and 0 (0-5.0) min in the remimazolam group, both of which were significantly shorter in the remimazolam group (p < 0.01). The number of additional doses was 0 (0-0) and 2 (1-3) in the midazolam and remimazolam groups, respectively. The total dose was 2.0 (2.0-3.5) and 6.0 (5.0-7.0) mg in the midazolam and remimazolam groups, respectively. Conclusions Remimazolam yielded significantly faster times to awakening and discharge safely compared to midazolam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Ogura
- Department of Medicine Nihon University School of MedicineDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTokyoJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyNagata Surgery and Gastroenterological ClinicTokyoJapan
| | - Ryoji Ichijima
- Department of Medicine Nihon University School of MedicineDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTokyoJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyKiriyama ClinicGunmaJapan
| | - Hisatomo Ikehara
- Department of Medicine Nihon University School of MedicineDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTokyoJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyInternal MedicineKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Tomomi Sugita
- Department of Medicine Nihon University School of MedicineDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTokyoJapan
| | - Daisuke Yamaguchi
- Department of GastroenterologyNational Hospital Organization Ureshino Medical CenterSagaJapan
| | - Yasuhiko Nagata
- Department of GastroenterologyNagata Surgery and Gastroenterological ClinicTokyoJapan
| | - Mitsuru Esaki
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yosuke Minoda
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Ono
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Kinichi Hotta
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | | | | | - Yuichi Kanmura
- Department of AnesthesiologyFujimoto General HospitalMiyazakiJapan
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3
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Uehara S, Sasaki F, Sahara H, Tanaka A, Hinokuchi M, Maeda H, Arima S, Hashimoto S, Kanmura S, Ido A. Establishment of a swine model of delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedure. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e411. [PMID: 39050142 PMCID: PMC11266432 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Although delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedures has become a problem, currently, there are no appropriate animal models to validate methods for preventing it. This study aimed to establish an animal model of delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedures of the gastrointestinal tract. Methods Activated coagulation time (ACT) was measured using blood samples drawn from a catheter inserted into the external jugular vein of swine (n = 7; age, 6 months; mean weight, 13.8 kg) under general anesthesia using the cut-down method. An upper gastrointestinal endoscope was inserted orally, and 12 mucosal defects were created in the stomach by endoscopic mucosal resection using a ligating device. Hemostasis was confirmed at this time point. The heparin group (n = 4) received 50 units/kg of unfractionated heparin via a catheter; after confirming that the ACT was ≥200 s 10 min later, continuous heparin administration (50 units/kg/h) was started. After 24 h, an endoscope was inserted under general anesthesia to evaluate the blood volume in the stomach and the degree of blood adherence at the site of the mucosal defect. Results Delayed bleeding was observed in three swine (75%) in the heparin-treated group, who had a maximum ACT of >220 s before the start of continuous heparin administration. In the non-treated group (n = 3), no prolonged ACT or delayed bleeding was observed at 24 h. Conclusion An animal model of delayed bleeding after an endoscopic procedure in the gastrointestinal tract was established using a single dose of heparin and continuous heparin administration after confirming an ACT of 220 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Uehara
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Fumisato Sasaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Hisashi Sahara
- Division of Experimental Large Animal ResearchLife Science and Laboratory Animal Research UnitCenter for Advanced Science Research and PromotionKagoshima UniversityKagoshimaJapan
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Makoto Hinokuchi
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Hidehito Maeda
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Shiho Arima
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Shuji Kanmura
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle DiseasesKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
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Okagawa Y, Sumiyoshi T, Hanada K, Hirokawa S, Tomita Y, Yoshida M, Minagawa T, Morita K, Yane K, Ihara H, Hirayama M, Kondo H. Is annual screening by fecal immunochemical test necessary after a recent colonoscopy? DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e385. [PMID: 38770399 PMCID: PMC11103454 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Objective The population-based colorectal cancer screening guidelines in Japan recommend an annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT). However, there is no consensus on the need for annual FIT screening for patients who recently performed a total colonoscopy (TCS). Therefore, we evaluated the repeated TCS results for patients with positive FIT after a recent TCS to assess the necessity of an annual FIT. Methods We reviewed patients with positive FIT in opportunistic screening from April 2017 to March 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: those who had undergone TCS within the previous 5 years (previous TCS group) and those who had not (non-previous TCS group). We compared the detection rates of advanced neoplasia and colorectal cancer between the two groups. Results Of 671 patients, 151 had received TCS within 5 years and 520 had not. The detection rates of advanced neoplasia in the previous TCS and non-previous TCS groups were 4.6% and 12.1%, respectively (p < 0.01), and the colorectal cancer detection rates were 0.7% and 1.5%, respectively (no significant difference). The adenoma detection rates were 33.8% in the previous TCS group and 40.0% in the non-previous TCS group (no significant difference). Conclusions Only a few patients were diagnosed with advanced neoplasia among the patients with FIT positive after a recent TCS. For patients with adenomatous lesions on previous TCS, repeated TCS should be performed according to the surveillance program without an annual FIT. The need for an annual FIT for patients without adenomatous lesions on previous TCS should be prospectively assessed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Okagawa
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | | | - Kota Hanada
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | - Sota Hirokawa
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | - Yusuke Tomita
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | | | | | - Kohtaro Morita
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | - Kei Yane
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | - Hideyuki Ihara
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | | | - Hitoshi Kondo
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
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5
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Shinozaki S, Osawa H, Miura Y, Nomoto H, Sakamoto H, Hayashi Y, Yano T, Despott EJ, Yamamoto H. Endoscopic findings and outcomes of gastric mucosal changes relating to potassium-competitive acid blocker and proton pump inhibitor therapy. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e400. [PMID: 38919514 PMCID: PMC11196240 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Gastric mucosal changes associated with long-term potassium-competitive acid blocker and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy may raise concern. In contrast to that for PPIs, the evidence concerning the safety of long-term potassium-competitive acid blocker use is scant. Vonoprazan (VPZ) is a representative potassium-competitive acid blocker released in Japan in 2015. In order to shed some comparative light regarding the outcomes of gastric mucosal lesions associated with a long-term acid blockade, we have reviewed six representative gastric mucosal lesions: fundic gland polyps, gastric hyperplastic polyps, multiple white and flat elevated lesions, cobblestone-like gastric mucosal changes, gastric black spots, and stardust gastric mucosal changes. For these mucosal lesions, we have evaluated the association with the type of acid blockade, patient gender, Helicobacter pylori infection status, the degree of gastric atrophy, and serum gastrin levels. There is no concrete evidence to support a significant relationship between VPZ/PPI use and the development of neuroendocrine tumors. Current data also shows that the risk of gastric mucosal changes is similar for long-term VPZ and PPI use. Serum hypergastrinemia is not correlated with the development of some gastric mucosal lesions. Therefore, serum gastrin level is unhelpful for risk estimation and for decision-making relating to the cessation of these drugs in routine clinical practice. Given the confounding potential neoplastic risk relating to H. pylori infection, this should be eradicated before VPZ/PPI therapy is commenced. The evidence to date does not support the cessation of clinically appropriate VPZ/PPI therapy solely because of the presence of these associated gastric mucosal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Shinozaki
- Shinozaki Medical ClinicTochigiJapan
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Osawa
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Yoshimasa Miura
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
- Department of MedicineDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNihon University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroaki Nomoto
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Hirotsugu Sakamoto
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Yoshikazu Hayashi
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Tomonori Yano
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Edward J. Despott
- Royal Free Unit for EndoscopyThe Royal Free Hospital and UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive HealthLondonUK
| | - Hironori Yamamoto
- Department of MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
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6
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Niiya F, Tamai N, Yamawaki M, Noda J, Azami T, Takano Y, Nishimoto F, Nagahama M. Efficacy and safety of uncovered self-expandable metal stents for distal malignant biliary obstruction in unresectable non-pancreatic cancer. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e383. [PMID: 38827185 PMCID: PMC11143304 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The efficacy of uncovered self-expandable metal stents (UCSEMS) versus fully covered self-expandable metal stents for distal malignant biliary obstruction remains controversial. Additionally, the heterogeneity of the disease conditions has been indicated in previous studies because pancreatic and non-pancreatic cancers have different characteristics in clinical course. Therefore, the etiology of biliary obstruction necessitates investigations stratified by primary disease. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of UCSEMS, specifically for non-pancreatic cancer-induced distal malignant biliary obstruction. Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective review to evaluate the time to recurrent biliary obstruction and frequency of adverse events (AEs) in patients receiving UCSEMS for unresectable non-pancreatic cancer-induced malignant biliary obstruction. Results Overall, 32 patients were enrolled in the study between January 2016 and December 2023. The median time to recurrent biliary obstruction was 140 days. AE rates were low at 3.1% for both pancreatitis and cholecystitis, suggesting a potential benefit of UCSEMS in reducing post-procedural AEs. Conclusion UCSEMS may reduce the risk of post-procedural AEs and should be considered in patients at high risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis. However, the patency period may be shorter, necessitating future comparative research with fully covered self-expandable metal stents to determine the optimal stent choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Niiya
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Naoki Tamai
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Masataka Yamawaki
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Jun Noda
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Tetsushi Azami
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Yuichi Takano
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Fumiya Nishimoto
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalKanagawaJapan
| | - Masatsugu Nagahama
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of GastroenterologyShowa University Fujigaoka HospitalKanagawaJapan
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Ohno E, Kuzuya T, Kawabe N, Nakaoka K, Tanaka H, Nakano T, Funasaka K, Miyahara R, Hashimoto S, Hirooka Y. Current status of endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e413. [PMID: 39040523 PMCID: PMC11260769 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The new Kyoto guidelines for the management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of IPMN. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a diagnostic modality with a high spatial resolution that allows detailed observation and obtaining cyst fluid or tissue samples via EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Currently, EUS is an indispensable examination method for the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases. On the other hand, there have been concerns that EUS imaging tends to be highly operator-dependent, and may lack objectivity. Previous guidelines have assigned EUS as an option for patients with worrisome features. However, recent reports indicate that the sensitivity of EUS for the diagnosis of mural nodules (MNs) is more than 90%, comparable or superior to that of contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. The specific advantages of EUS in the diagnosis of IPMN are: (1) high spatial resolution imaging for the diagnosis of MNs, (2) contrast-enhanced EUS for differentiation of intra-cystic MNs from mucous clots, and (3) pathological diagnosis using EUS-FNA and differential diagnosis of a pancreatic cystic tumor by cystic fluid analysis. In order to utilize EUS in the diagnosis of IPMN, endoscopists are required to have the skills to provide sufficiently objective imaging findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eizaburo Ohno
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
| | - Teiji Kuzuya
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
| | - Naoto Kawabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
| | - Kazunori Nakaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
| | - Takuji Nakano
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
| | - Kohei Funasaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
| | - Ryoji Miyahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
| | - Senju Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University Bantane HospitalAichiJapan
| | - Yoshiki Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFujita Health University School of MedicineAichiJapan
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Qatomah A, Aihara H. Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in the USA: The current state and future perspectives. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e394. [PMID: 38915785 PMCID: PMC11194299 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a transformative advancement in the endoscopic management of superficial gastrointestinal lesions. Initially conceived for the treatment of early gastric cancer, ESD has demonstrated proficiency in achieving en-bloc resection of superficial gastrointestinal lesions. ESD has experienced widespread acceptance in Japan and East Asia; however, its adoption in the USA remains delayed. This initial hesitancy could be attributed to procedural complexity and training demands; nonetheless, recently, ESD has been gaining popularity in the USA. This is due to the advancements in endoscopic technology, tailored training programs, and cumulative evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of ESDs. This review aimed to deliberate the historical progress, current implementation, and prospective trajectory of ESDs in the USA. With ongoing clinical research, technological integration, and educational efforts, ESD is likely to become the gold standard for managing large gastrointesitinal lesions. This progress marks an imperative step toward less invasive, more precise, and patient-centric approaches regarding advanced therapeutic endoscopy in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Qatomah
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMcGill University Health CenterMontrealCanada
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Hiroyuki Aihara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Okumura T, Hotta K, Imai K, Ito S, Kishida Y, Takada K, Kawaguchi D, Mori Y, Tanaka Y, Tsushima T, Kawata N, Maeda Y, Yoshida M, Yamamoto Y, Minamide T, Ishiwatari H, Sato J, Matsubayashi H, Ono H. Efficacy of texture and color enhancement imaging for the visibility and diagnostic accuracy of non-polypoid colorectal lesions. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e380. [PMID: 38817687 PMCID: PMC11136699 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Objective A newly launched endoscopy system (EVIS X1, CV-1500; Olympus) is equipped with texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI). We aimed to investigate the efficacy of TXI for the visibility and diagnostic accuracy of non-polypoid colorectal lesions. Methods We examined 100 non-polypoid lesions in 42 patients from the same position, angle, and distance of the view in three modes: white light imaging (WLI), narrow-band imaging (NBI), and TXI. The primary outcome was to compare polyp visibility in the three modes using subjective polyp visibility score and objective color difference values. The secondary outcome was to compare the diagnostic accuracy without magnification. Results Overall, the visibility score of TXI was significantly higher than that of WLI (3.7 ± 1.1 vs. 3.6 ± 1.1; p = 0.008) and lower than that of NBI (3.7 ± 1.1 vs. 3.8 ± 1.1; p = 0.013). Color difference values of TXI were higher than those of WLI (11.5 ± 6.9 vs. 9.1 ± 5.4; p < 0.001) and lower than those of NBI (11.5 ± 6.9 vs. 13.1 ± 7.7; p = 0.002). No significant differences in TXI and NBI (visibility score: 3.7 ± 1.0 vs. 3.8 ± 1.1; p = 0.833, color difference values: 11.6 ± 7.1 vs. 12.9 ± 8.3; p = 0.099) were observed for neoplastic lesions. Moreover, the diagnostic accuracy of TXI was significantly higher than that of NBI (65.5% vs. 57.6%, p = 0.012) for neoplastic lesions. Conclusions TXI demonstrated higher visibility than that of WLI and lower than that of NBI. Further investigations are warranted to validate the performance of the TXI mode comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Okumura
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Kinichi Hotta
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Kenichiro Imai
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Sayo Ito
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | | | | | - Daiki Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastrointestinal OncologyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Yukihiro Mori
- Division of Colon and Rectal SurgeryShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Yusuke Tanaka
- Division of Colon and Rectal SurgeryShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Takahiro Tsushima
- Division of Gastrointestinal OncologyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Noboru Kawata
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Yuki Maeda
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | - Masao Yoshida
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Junya Sato
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Ono
- Division of EndoscopyShizuoka Cancer CenterShizuokaJapan
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Hanatani J, Kitagawa K, Tomooka F, Asada S, Mitoro A, Fujinaga Y, Nishimura N, Sato S, Shibamoto A, Fujimoto Y, Kubo T, Iwai S, Tsuji Y, Namisaki T, Akahane T, Kaji K, Tanaka M, Koizumi A, Yorioka N, Matsuda T, Masuda H, Takami M, Kikuchi M, Kawanishi M, Ohoka K, Watanabe D, Kawasaki A, Yoshiji H. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the treatment of acute cholangitis caused by choledocholithiasis: A single-center retrospective study in Japan. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e371. [PMID: 38694541 PMCID: PMC11058682 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the treatment of acute cholangitis caused by choledocholithiasis. Methods The Japanese government declared a state of emergency in April 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 309 patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for acute cholangitis caused by choledocholithiasis between April 2017 and December 2022. Results Patients were categorized into a pregroup (n = 134) and a postgroup (n = 175), depending on whether they were diagnosed before or after the state of emergency declaration. The total number of ERCP cases and the number of ERCP cases with endoscopic stone removals increased after the state of emergency declaration. Compared with the pregroup, the numbers of patients with performance status of 0-1 and surgically altered anatomy increased, whereas the numbers of patients taking oral antiplatelets or anticoagulants and those with cerebrovascular disease decreased in the postgroup. The number of single-stage endoscopic stone removals increased and hospital stays were significantly shorter in the postgroup. No differences in adverse event rates were detected between the two groups. Conclusions Although our hospital provides tertiary care, the number of patients with cholangitis in good general condition and no underlying disease increased after the state of emergency declaration. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an increase in the number of single-stage endoscopic treatments and shortened hospital stays for patients with acute cholangitis caused by choledocholithiasis. No safety issues with ERCP were detected, even during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koh Kitagawa
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | - Shohei Asada
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Akira Mitoro
- Division of EndoscopyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | | | - Shinya Sato
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | - Yuki Fujimoto
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Takahiro Kubo
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Satoshi Iwai
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Yuki Tsuji
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | - Takemi Akahane
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Kosuke Kaji
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Misako Tanaka
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | | | - Takuya Matsuda
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Masuda
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | - Mayuko Kikuchi
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | - Kazutaka Ohoka
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | - Akane Kawasaki
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshiji
- Department of GastroenterologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
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11
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Akiyama S, Barnes EL, Onoda T, Ishikawa N, Shiroyama M, Ito Y, Rubin DT, Tsuchiya K. Endoscopic assessment of the J pouch in ulcerative colitis: A narrative review. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e373. [PMID: 38694540 PMCID: PMC11058686 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Patients with ulcerative colitis sometimes need a total colectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis due to medically refractory disease or colitis-associated neoplasia. Up to 50% of patients with ulcerative colitis postoperatively develop pouchitis and the rate of chronic inflammatory pouch conditions requiring pouch excision or diverting ileostomy is reported to be 10%. In order to diagnose and monitor pouchitis, pouchoscopy is essential to assess endoscopic inflammatory findings of the J pouch and to survey neoplasia development, particularly in the remnant distal rectum. However, endoscopic protocols for the evaluation of the pouch may not be standardized worldwide and the reliability of existing disease activity indices for pouchitis has been questioned due to the lack of validation. Recently, reliable endoscopic scoring systems based on an observation of the anatomical location of the J pouch were reported and a significant association between the distribution pattern of endoscopic inflammation (i.e., endoscopic phenotype) and pouch outcomes was also uncovered. In this review, we discuss how to survey the J pouch using pouchoscopy, endoscopic indices for pouchitis disease activity, endoscopic phenotypes and classification, and the pathological mechanisms of pouchitis phenotype in patients with ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Akiyama
- Department of GastroenterologyInstitute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Edward L Barnes
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUSA
| | - Tsubasa Onoda
- Department of GastroenterologyNHO Mito Medical CenterIbarakiJapan
- Doctoral Program in Medical SciencesGraduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Naoki Ishikawa
- Department of GastroenterologyInstitute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Doctoral Program in Medical SciencesGraduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Mamiko Shiroyama
- Department of GastroenterologyInstitute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Doctoral Program in Medical SciencesGraduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Yuka Ito
- Department of GastroenterologyNHO Mito Medical CenterIbarakiJapan
| | - David T Rubin
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease CenterChicagoUSA
| | - Kiichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of GastroenterologyInstitute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaIbarakiJapan
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12
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Kato T, Hikichi T, Nakamura J, Hashimoto M, Kobashi R, Yanagita T, Takagi T, Suzuki R, Sugimoto M, Asama H, Sato Y, Shioya Y, Kobayakawa M, Ohira H. Visibility of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma under iodine staining on texture and color enhancement imaging. DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e370. [PMID: 38725874 PMCID: PMC11079435 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Objective Iodine staining on white light imaging (WLI) is the gold standard for detecting and demarcating esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We examined the effects of texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) on improving the endoscopic visibility of ESCC under iodine staining. Methods Twenty ESCC lesions that underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection were retrospectively included. The color difference between ESCC and the surrounding mucosa (ΔEe) on WLI, TXI, and narrow-band imaging was assessed, and ΔEe under 1% iodine staining on WLI and TXI. Furthermore, the visibility grade determined by endoscopists was evaluated on each imaging. Result The median ΔEe was greater on TXI than on WLI (14.53 vs. 10.71, respectively; p < 0.005). Moreover, the median ΔEe on TXI under iodine staining was greater than the median ΔEe on TXI and narrow-band imaging (39.20 vs. 14.53 vs. 16.42, respectively; p < 0.005 for both). A positive correlation in ΔEe under iodine staining was found between TXI and WLI (correlation coefficient = 0.61, p < 0.01). Moreover, ΔEe under iodine staining on TXI in each lesion was greater than the corresponding ΔEe on WLI. The visibility grade assessed by endoscopists on TXI was also significantly greater than that on WLI under iodine staining (p < 0.01). Conclusions The visibility of ESCC after iodine staining was greater on TXI than on WLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunetaka Kato
- Department of EndoscopyFukushima Medical University HospitalFukushimaJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Takuto Hikichi
- Department of EndoscopyFukushima Medical University HospitalFukushimaJapan
| | - Jun Nakamura
- Department of EndoscopyFukushima Medical University HospitalFukushimaJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Minami Hashimoto
- Department of EndoscopyFukushima Medical University HospitalFukushimaJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Ryoichiro Kobashi
- Department of EndoscopyFukushima Medical University HospitalFukushimaJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Takumi Yanagita
- Department of EndoscopyFukushima Medical University HospitalFukushimaJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Tadayuki Takagi
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Rei Suzuki
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Mitsuru Sugimoto
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Asama
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Yasuo Shioya
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Masao Kobayakawa
- Department of EndoscopyFukushima Medical University HospitalFukushimaJapan
- Medical Research CenterFukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
| | - Hiromasa Ohira
- Department of GastroenterologyFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
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13
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Zhang L, Wei J, Liu X, Li D, Pang X, Chen F, Cao H, Lei P. Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:990-1008. [PMID: 38989933 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rapidly aging human population, age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and the functions of astrocytes. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function. This article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. This article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function, mainly through the vagus nerve, immune responses, circadian rhythms, and microbial metabolites. Finally, this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota-astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Our findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota-astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline, aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingge Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dai Li
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqi Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanglian Chen
- Tianjin Neurological Institution, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Lei
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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14
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Shen Y, Zhang G, Wei C, Zhao P, Wang Y, Li M, Sun L. Potential role and therapeutic implications of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:613-631. [PMID: 38886929 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxidative stress mediates excessive oxidative responses, and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis as a primary or secondary pathological event is widely accepted. As a member of the selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme family, glutathione peroxidase 4 reduces esterified phospholipid hydroperoxides to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. With the discovery of ferroptosis, the central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in anti-lipid peroxidation in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, has received widespread attention. Increasing evidence suggests that glutathione peroxidase 4 expression is inhibited in the Alzheimer's disease brain, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, which are closely associated with pathological damage in Alzheimer's disease. Several therapeutic approaches, such as small molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological treatments, ameliorate pathological damage and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by promoting glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and enhancing glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Therefore, glutathione peroxidase 4 upregulation may be a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase 4, a discussion on the important role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in pathological events closely related to Alzheimer's disease, and a summary of the advances in small-molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Most prior studies on this subject used animal models, and relevant clinical studies are lacking. Future clinical trials are required to validate the therapeutic effects of strategies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Shen
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chunxiao Wei
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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15
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Kim H, Kim BJ, Koh S, Cho HJ, Jin X, Kim BG, Choi JY. High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system: regeneration hidden beneath inflammation. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:107-115. [PMID: 38767480 PMCID: PMC11246138 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields, including neurology and neuroscience. High-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern, which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury. Several drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern, such as glycyrrhizin, ethyl pyruvate, and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies, are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system disorders. Although it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect, high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system disorders. In this narrative review, we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern, its downstream receptors, and intracellular signaling pathways, how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system, and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory role. Research targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanki Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Bum Jun Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seungyon Koh
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Cho
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Xuelian Jin
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Byung Gon Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jun Young Choi
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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16
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Lan C, Fang G, Qiu C, Li X, Yang F, Yang Y. Inhibition of DYRK1A attenuates vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension via suppressing STAT3/Pim-1/NFAT pathway. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2297642. [PMID: 38147409 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2297642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive vascular remodeling caused by the excessive proliferation and survival of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Dual-specificity tyrosine regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is a pleiotropic kinase involved in the regulation of multiple biological functions, including cell proliferation and survival. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of DYRK1A in PAH pathogenesis remain unclear. We found that DYRK1A was upregulated in PASMCs in response to hypoxia, both in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of DYRK1A by harmine significantly attenuated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary artery remodeling. Mechanistically, we found that DYRK1A promoted pulmonary arterial remodeling by enhancing the proliferation and survival of PASMCs through activating the STAT3/Pim-1/NFAT pathway, because STAT3 gain-of-function via adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) carrying the constitutively active form of STAT3 (STAT3C) nearly abolished the protective effect of harmine on PAH. Collectively, our results reveal a significant role for DYRK1A in pulmonary arterial remodeling and suggest it as a drug target with translational potential for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangyao Fang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenming Qiu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuchuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengyuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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17
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Wang Y, Peng L, Wang F. M6A-mediated molecular patterns and tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2333590. [PMID: 38532632 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2333590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most predominant RNA epigenetic regulation in eukaryotic cells. Numerous evidence revealed that m6A modification exerts a crucial role in the regulation of tumor microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration in several tumors. Nevertheless, the potential role and mechanism of m6A modification in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unknown. mRNA expression data and clinical information from GSE102349, and GSE53819 datasets obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used for differential gene expression and subsequent analysis. Consensus clustering was used to identify m6A-related molecular patterns of 88 NPC samples based on prognostic m6A regulators using Univariate Cox analysis. The TME cell-infiltrating characteristics of each m6A-related subclass were explored using single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) algorithm and CIBERSORT algotithm. DEGs between two m6A-related subclasses were screened using edgeR package. The prognostic signature and predicated nomogram were constructed based on the m6A-related DEGs. The cell infiltration and expression of prognostic signature in NPC was determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Chi-square test was used to analysis the significance of difference of the categorical variables. And survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank tests. The NPC samples were divided into two m6A-related subclasses. The TME cell-infiltrating characteristics analyses indicated that cluster 1 is characterized by immune-related and metabolism pathways activation, better response to anit-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 treatment and chemotherapy. And cluster 2 is characterized by stromal activation, low expression of HLA family and immune checkpoints, and a worse response to anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 treatment and chemotherapy. Furthermore, we identified 1558 DEGs between two m6A-related subclasses and constructed prognostic signatures to predicate the progression-free survival (PFS) for NPC patients. Compared to non-tumor samples, REEP2, TMSB15A, DSEL, and ID4 were upregulated in NPC samples. High expression of REEP2 and TMSB15A showed poor survival in NPC patients. The interaction between REEP2, TMSB15A, DSEL, ID4, and m6A regulators was detected. Our finding indicated that m6A modification plays an important role in the regulation of TME heterogeneity and complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lisha Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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18
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Du Q, Zhang M, Gao A, He T, Guo M. Epigenetic silencing ZSCAN23 promotes pancreatic cancer growth by activating Wnt signaling. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2302924. [PMID: 38226836 PMCID: PMC10793710 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2302924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most malignant tumor. Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing protein 23 (ZSCAN23) is a new member of the SCAN domain family. The expression regulation and biological function remain to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the epigenetic regulation and the function of ZSCAN23 in PDAC. ZSCAN23 was methylated in 60.21% (171/284) of PDAC and its expression was regulated by promoter region methylation. The expression of ZSCAN23 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis and G1/S phase arrest. ZSCAN23 suppressed Panc10.05 cell xenograft growth in mice. Mechanistically, ZSCAN23 inhibited Wnt signaling by interacting with myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in pancreatic cancer cells. ZSCAN23 is frequently methylated in PDAC and may serve as a detective marker. ZSCAN23 suppresses PDAC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiai Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Pathology, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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19
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Ayadi S, Monastiri S, Safta AB, Hammami M, Samaali I, Kammoun M, Blel A, Aloui R, Zaimi Y, Mouelhi L. Gastric metastasis and peritoneal carcinosis revealing primary breast cancer: an unusual presentation. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:FSO970. [PMID: 38884375 PMCID: PMC11185184 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women. Gastrointestinal tract metastases are uncommon and might be misidentified as primary carcinoma.A noteworthy case-study involved 53-year-old-woman complaining from epigastric pain, ascites and overall health decline. Initial investigations were inconclusive, prompting laparoscopic peritoneal biopsies which revealed independent cell proliferation. Subsequently, a second look upper digestive endoscopy showed multiple gastric ulcerations suggestive of gastric carcinoma. Histologic examination confirmed independent cell proliferation with estrogen receptors expression, a characteristic feature of breast carcinoma. Further investigations led to bilateral invasive lobular breast carcinoma diagnosis. Epirubicin cycophosphamide was prescribed after progression under letrozole ribocilib therapy.This case aims to raise awareness among clinicians about the importance of ruling out breast cancer in patients with peritoneal carcinosis and paying attention to digestive symptoms in breast cancer patients with careful gastric endoscopic examination to avoid misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shema Ayadi
- Gastroenterology Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Souhir Monastiri
- Gastroenterology Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amine Ben Safta
- Surgery B Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mehdi Hammami
- Surgery B Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Samaali
- Surgery B Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mehdi Kammoun
- Surgery B Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Blel
- Pathology Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raoudha Aloui
- Pathology Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Zaimi
- Gastroenterology Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Leila Mouelhi
- Gastroenterology Department, Charles Nicolle university hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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20
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Lehrich BM, Delgado ER. Lipid Nanovesicle Platforms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Precision Medicine Therapeutics: Progress and Perspectives. Organogenesis 2024; 20:2313696. [PMID: 38357804 PMCID: PMC10878025 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2024.2313696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. HCC is highly heterogenous with diverse etiologies leading to different driver mutations potentiating unique tumor immune microenvironments. Current therapeutic options, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and combinations, have achieved limited objective response rates for the majority of patients. Thus, a precision medicine approach is needed to tailor specific treatment options for molecular subsets of HCC patients. Lipid nanovesicle platforms, either liposome- (synthetic) or extracellular vesicle (natural)-derived present are improved drug delivery vehicles which may be modified to contain specific cargos for targeting specific tumor sites, with a natural affinity for liver with limited toxicity. This mini-review provides updates on the applications of novel lipid nanovesicle-based therapeutics for HCC precision medicine and the challenges associated with translating this therapeutic subclass from preclinical models to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M. Lehrich
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Evan R. Delgado
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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21
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Ouyang L, Lei G, Gong Y. Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2326316. [PMID: 38466197 PMCID: PMC10936597 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2326316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with liver cirrhosis remains largely unknown. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis and compare the humoral and cellular immune responses following complete COVID-19 vaccination between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1 January 2020 to 22 August 2023. Sixteen studies with 2127 cirrhosis patients were included. The pooled seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis following complete COVID-19 vaccination was 92.4% (95% CI, 86.2%-96%, I2 = 90%) with significant between-study heterogeneity. Moreover, COVID-19 vaccination elicited a higher humoral immune response in patients of compensated cirrhosis as compared with decompensated cirrhosis (RR = 1.069, 95% CI, 1.011-1.131, I2 = 17%, p = .019). Additionally, 10 studies were included for comparison analysis of seroconversion rate between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. The results showed that the seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis was slightly lower compared with healthy controls (RR = 0.972, 95% CI, 0.955-0.989, I2 = 66%, p = .001). Meanwhile, the pooled RR of cellular immune response rate for cirrhosis patients vs. healthy controls was 0.678 (95% CI, 0.563-0.817, I2 = 0, p < .0001). Our meta-analysis demonstrated that COVID-19 vaccination elicited diminished humoral and cellular immune responses in patients of cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis particularly decompensated cirrhosis who have completed full-doses of COVID-19 vaccination should receive continuous attention and preemptive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Ouyang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Lei
- Department of Obstetric, Centre Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeli Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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22
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Yang Y, Shen J, Deng P, Chen P. Mechanism investigation of Forsythoside A against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2380023. [PMID: 39046082 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2380023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Forsythoside A (FSA) was extracted from Forsythia suspensa, a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and other pharmacological effects. However, the anticancer effect of FSA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been documented. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of FSA against ESCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to predict the mechanism. FSA was utilized to treat ESCC cell lines KYSE450 and KYSE30, followed by CCK-8 assay, cell cloning formation assay, flow cytometry, Western blot, RNA-seq analysis, and subsequent in vivo experiments. RESULTS Network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted that the therapeutic effect of FSA in ESCC is mediated through proteins such as BCL2 and BAX, influencing KEGG pathways associated with apoptosis. In vitro experiments showed that FSA inhibited cell proliferation and plate clone formation, promoted cell apoptosis and impacted the cell cycle distribution of G2/M phase by regulating BCL2, BAX, and p21. Further RNA-seq in KYSE450 cells showed that FSA regulated the expression of 223 genes, specifically affecting the biological process of epidermal development. In vivo experiments showed that gastric administration of FSA resulted in notable reductions in both tumor volume and weight by regulating BCL2, BAX, and p21. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that FSA led to significant changes of beta diversity. Abundance of 11 specific bacterial taxa were considerably changed following administration of FSA. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a novel candidate drug against ESCC and establishes a foundation for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junru Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyuan Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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23
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Bianchi FP, Polignano M, Carella N, Rotolo O, Curlo M, Mastronardi M. Role of gastroenterologists and healthcare providers in promoting COVID-19 immunization among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis on a global scale. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2349319. [PMID: 38755111 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2349319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are more susceptible to experiencing severe complications of COVID-19 if infected. Nevertheless, sub-optimal immunization rates have been reported among these patients. Our study aims to assess COVID-19 VH among a global population of patients with IBD and to investigate the role of healthcare professionals, particularly gastroenterologists, in promoting immunization. Twenty-six studies were systematically selected from scientific articles in the MEDLINE/PubMed, WoK, and Scopus databases from January 1, 2020, to September 15, 2023. The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 VH was 27.2% (95%CI = 20.6-34.2%). A significant relationship was evidenced between COVID-19 vaccine compliance and receiving advice from gastroenterologists or healthcare providers (OR = 2.77; 95%CI = 1.79-4.30). By leveraging their knowledge of IBD, familiarity with patient histories, and trusted patient-doctor relationships, gastroenterologists are pivotal in promoting vaccination. This patient-centered care is crucial in increasing vaccine acceptance among individuals with IBD, contributing to better public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Polignano
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS S. De Bellis, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Nicola Carella
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS S. De Bellis, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Ornella Rotolo
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS S. De Bellis, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Margherita Curlo
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS S. De Bellis, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Mauro Mastronardi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS S. De Bellis, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
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24
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Peng J, Wen X, Zhang Y, Li K, Du H, Hu X. Decoding trends in mRNA vaccine research: A comprehensive bibliometric study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2355037. [PMID: 38813652 PMCID: PMC11141478 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2355037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, infectious diseases like COVID-19 have had profound global socio-economic impacts. mRNA vaccines have gained prominence due to their rapid development, industrial adaptability, simplicity, and responsiveness to new variants. Notably, the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine recognized significant contributions to mRNA vaccine research. METHODS Our study employed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, encompassing 5,512 papers on mRNA vaccines from 2003 to 2023. We generated cooperation maps, co-citation analyses, and keyword clustering to evaluate the field's developmental history and achievements. RESULTS The analysis yielded knowledge maps highlighting countries/institutions, influential authors, frequently published and highly cited journals, and seminal references. Ongoing research hotspots encompass immune responses, stability enhancement, applications in cancer prevention and treatment, and combating infectious diseases using mRNA technology. CONCLUSIONS mRNA vaccines represent a transformative development in infectious disease prevention. This study provides insights into the field's growth and identifies key research priorities, facilitating advancements in vaccine technology and addressing future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobin Zhang
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianding Peng
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Youwen Zhang
- School of Law, City University of Hongkong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kejun Li
- Department of Library, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanjian Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Research Center for Glioma Precision Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofei Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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25
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Wang X, Zhang Z, Cao X. Salidroside inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells through up-regulating tumor suppressor miR-1343-3p and down-regulating MAP3K6/MMP24 signal molecules. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2322206. [PMID: 38436092 PMCID: PMC10913707 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2322206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Salidroside inhibited the proliferation of cancer cell. Nevertheless, the mechanism has not been completely clarified. The purpose of the study is to explore the mechanisms of salidroside against gastric cancer. To analyze the changes of microRNA (miRNA) in gastric cancer cells under the treatment of salidroside, the miRNA expression was analyzed by using RNA-seq in cancer cells for 24 h after salidroside treatment. The differentially expressed miRNAs were clustered and their target genes were analyzed. Selected miRNA and target mRNA genes were further verified by q-PCR. The expressions of target genes in cancer cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. Cancer cell apoptotic index was significantly increased after salidroside treatment. The proliferation of gastric cancer cells were blocked at S-phase cell cycle. The expression of 44 miRNAs changed differentially after salidroside treatment in cancer cells. Bioinformatic analysis showed that there were 1384 target mRNAs corresponding to the differentially expressed miRNAs. Surprisingly, salidroside significantly up-regulated the expression of tumor suppressor miR-1343-3p, and down-regulated the expression of MAP3K6, STAT3 and MMP24-related genes. Salidroside suppressed the growth of gastric cancer by inducing the cancer cell apoptosis, arresting the cancer cell cycle and down-regulating the related signal transduction pathways. miRNAs are expressed differentially in gastric cancer cells after salidroside treatment, playing important roles in regulating proliferation and metastasis. Salidroside may suppress the growth of gastric cancer by up-regulating the expression of the tumor suppressor miR-1343-3p and down-regulating the expression of MAP3K6 and MMP24 signal molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Medicine, KeyLaboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhendong Zhang
- Department of Medicine, KeyLaboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Cao
- Department of Medicine, KeyLaboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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26
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Ye C, Liu X, Liu Z, Pan C, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Sun H. Fusobacterium nucleatum in tumors: from tumorigenesis to tumor metastasis and tumor resistance. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2306676. [PMID: 38289287 PMCID: PMC10829845 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2306676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium primarily residing in the oral cavity, has garnered significant attention for its emerging role in cancer progression and prognosis. While extensive research has revealed mechanistic links between Fusobacterium nucleatum and colorectal cancer, a comprehensive review spanning its presence and metastatic implications in cancers beyond colorectal origin is conspicuously absent. This paper broadens our perspective from colorectal cancer to various malignancies associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum, including oral, pancreatic, esophageal, breast, and gastric cancers. Our central focus is to unravel the mechanisms governing Fusobacterium nucleatum colonization, initiation, and promotion of metastasis across diverse cancer types. Additionally, we explore Fusobacterium nucleatum's adverse impacts on cancer therapies, particularly within the domains of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, this paper underscores the clinical research significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a potential tumor biomarker and therapeutic target, offering a novel outlook on its applicability in cancer detection and prognostic assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ye
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilun Liu
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuxuan Pan
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanyi Zhao
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Ji’an, Shanghai East Hospital of Ji’an, Ji’an, China
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27
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Xia M, Chen J, Hu Y, Qu B, Bu Q, Shen H. miR-10b-5p promotes tumor growth by regulating cell metabolism in liver cancer via targeting SLC38A2. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2315651. [PMID: 38390840 PMCID: PMC10896153 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2315651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms regulating metabolic reprogramming in primary liver cancer (PLC) are unknown. Differentially expressed miRNAs between PLC and normal tissues were identified using bioinformatic analysis. RT-qPCR was used to determine miR-10b-5p and SCL38A2 expression levels. IHC, WB, and TUNEL assays were used to assess the proliferation and apoptosis of the tissues. The proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of PLC cells were determined using the CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry. The interaction between miR-10b-5p and SLC38A2 was determined using dual-luciferase reporter assay. A PLC xenograft model in BALB/c nude mice was established, and tumorigenicity and SLC38A2 expression were estimated. Finally, liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) untargeted metabolomics was used to analyze the metabolic profiles of xenograft PLC tissues in nude mice. miR-10b-5p was a key molecule in the regulation of PLC. Compared with para-carcinoma tissues, miR-10b-5p expression was increased in tumor tissues. miR-10b-5p facilitated proliferation, migration, and invasion of PLC cells. Mechanistically, miR-10b-5p targeted SLC38A2 to promote PLC tumor growth. Additionally, miR-10b-5p altered the metabolic features of PLC in vivo. Overexpression of miR-10b-5p resulted in remarkably higher amounts of lumichrome, folic acid, octanoylcarnitine, and Beta-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, but lower levels of 2-methylpropanal, glycyl-leucine, and 2-hydroxycaproic acid. miR-10b-5p facilitates the metabolic reprogramming of PLC by targeting SLC38A2, which ultimately boosts the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PLC cells. Therefore, miR-10b-5p and SLC38A2 are potential targets for PLC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Xia
- Breast Surgery Department I, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Liver and gallbladder surgery Department I, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yingyun Hu
- Hunan Cancer Prevention and Control Office, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Bin Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Bu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Haoming Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
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28
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Niu Q, Ye S, Zhao L, Qian Y, Liu F. The role of liver cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2321768. [PMID: 38393655 PMCID: PMC10896152 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2321768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for the vast majority of cancer deaths; however, this complex process has yet to be fully explained. To form metastases, cancer cells must undergo a series of steps, known as the "Metastatic cascade", each of which requires a specific functional transformation. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a vital role in tumor metastasis, but their dynamic behavior and regulatory mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Based on the "Metastatic cascade" theory, this review summarizes the effect of liver CSCs on the metastatic biological programs that underlie the dissemination and metastatic growth of cancer cells. Liver CSCs have the capacity to initiate distant organ metastasis via EMT, and the microenvironment transformation that supports the ability of these cells to disseminate, evade immune surveillance, dormancy, and regenerate metastasis. Understanding the heterogeneity and traits of liver CSCs in these processes is critical for developing strategies to prevent and treat metastasis of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Niu
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Susu Ye
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liu Zhao
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanzhi Qian
- School Hospital, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengchao Liu
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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29
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Santiago-Sánchez GS, Fabian KP, Hodge JW. A landscape of checkpoint blockade resistance in cancer: underlying mechanisms and current strategies to overcome resistance. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2308097. [PMID: 38306161 PMCID: PMC10841019 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2308097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of immune checkpoints and the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have achieved a durable response in advanced-stage cancer patients. However, there is still a high proportion of patients who do not benefit from ICI therapy due to a lack of response when first treated (primary resistance) or detection of disease progression months after objective response is observed (acquired resistance). Here, we review the current FDA-approved ICI for the treatment of certain solid malignancies, evaluate the contrasting responses to checkpoint blockade in different cancer types, explore the known mechanisms associated with checkpoint blockade resistance (CBR), and assess current strategies in the field that seek to overcome these mechanisms. In order to improve current therapies and develop new ones, the immunotherapy field still has an unmet need in identifying other molecules that act as immune checkpoints, and uncovering other mechanisms that promote CBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginette S. Santiago-Sánchez
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kellsye P. Fabian
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James W. Hodge
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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30
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Guo X, Song J, Liu M, Ou X, Guo Y. The interplay between the tumor microenvironment and tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles in cancer development and therapeutic response. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2356831. [PMID: 38767879 PMCID: PMC11110713 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2356831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an essential role in tumor cell survival by profoundly influencing their proliferation, metastasis, immune evasion, and resistance to treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles released by all cell types and often reflect the state of their parental cells and modulate other cells' functions through the various cargo they transport. Tumor-derived small EVs (TDSEVs) can transport specific proteins, nucleic acids and lipids tailored to propagate tumor signals and establish a favorable TME. Thus, the TME's biological characteristics can affect TDSEV heterogeneity, and this interplay can amplify tumor growth, dissemination, and resistance to therapy. This review discusses the interplay between TME and TDSEVs based on their biological characteristics and summarizes strategies for targeting cancer cells. Additionally, it reviews the current issues and challenges in this field to offer fresh insights into comprehending tumor development mechanisms and exploring innovative clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Guo
- The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jiajun Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Miao Liu
- Nanobiosensing and Microfluidic Point-of-Care Testing, Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Xinyi Ou
- Nanobiosensing and Microfluidic Point-of-Care Testing, Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Yongcan Guo
- Nanobiosensing and Microfluidic Point-of-Care Testing, Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
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Cao C, Li F, Ding Q, Jin X, Tu W, Zhu H, Sun M, Zhu J, Yang D, Fan B. Potassium sodium hydrogen citrate intervention on gut microbiota and clinical features in uric acid stone patients. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:51. [PMID: 38183479 PMCID: PMC10771603 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The high recurrence rate of renal uric acid stone (UAS) poses a significant challenge for urologists, and potassium sodium hydrogen citrate (PSHC) has been proven to be an effective oral dissolution drug. However, no studies have investigated the impact of PSHC on gut microbiota and its metabolites during stone dissolution therapy. We prospectively recruited 37 UAS patients and 40 healthy subjects, of which 12 patients completed a 3-month pharmacological intervention. Fasting vein blood was extracted and mid-stream urine was retained for biochemical testing. Fecal samples were collected for 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content determination. UAS patients exhibited comorbidities such as obesity, hypertension, gout, and dyslipidemia. The richness and diversity of the gut microbiota were significantly decreased in UAS patients, Bacteroides and Fusobacterium were dominant genera while Subdoligranulum and Bifidobacterium were poorly enriched. After PSHC intervention, there was a significant reduction in stone size accompanied by decreased serum uric acid and increased urinary pH levels. The abundance of pathogenic bacterium Fusobacterium was significantly downregulated following the intervention, whereas there was an upregulation observed in SCFA-producing bacteria Lachnoclostridium and Parasutterella, leading to a significant elevation in butyric acid content. Functions related to fatty acid synthesis and amino acid metabolism within the microbiota showed upregulation following PSHC intervention. The correlation analysis revealed a positive association between stone pathogenic bacteria abundance and clinical factors for stone formation, while a negative correlation with SCFAs contents. Our preliminary study revealed that alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites were the crucial physiological adaptation to PSHC intervention. Targeted regulation of microbiota and SCFA holds promise for enhancing drug therapy efficacy and preventing stone recurrence. KEY POINTS: • Bacteroides and Fusobacterium were identified as dominant genera for UAS patients • After PSHC intervention, Fusobacterium decreased and butyric acid content increased • The microbiota increased capacity for fatty acid synthesis after PSHC intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cao
- Department of Urology, The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital), Changshu, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Urology, The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital), Changshu, China
| | - Qi Ding
- Department of Urology, The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital), Changshu, China
| | - Xiaohua Jin
- Department of Urology, The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital), Changshu, China
| | - Wenjian Tu
- Department of Urology, The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital), Changshu, China
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital), Changshu, China
| | - Mubin Sun
- Department of Urology, The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital), Changshu, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dongrong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University (Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital), Changshu, China.
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32
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Cairns CA, Xiao L, Wang JY. Posttranscriptional Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Growth and Adaptation by Noncoding RNAs in Critical Surgical Disorders. J INVEST SURG 2024; 37:2308809. [PMID: 38323630 PMCID: PMC11027105 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2024.2308809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The human intestinal epithelium has an impressive ability to respond to insults and its homeostasis is maintained by well-regulated mechanisms under various pathophysiological conditions. Nonetheless, acute injury and inhibited regeneration of the intestinal epithelium occur commonly in critically ill surgical patients, leading to the translocation of luminal toxic substances and bacteria to the bloodstream. Effective therapies for the preservation of intestinal epithelial integrity and for the prevention of mucosal hemorrhage and gut barrier dysfunction are limited, primarily because of a poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying mucosal disruption. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which include microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and small vault RNAs (vtRNAs), modulate a wide array of biological functions and have been identified as orchestrators of intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Here, we feature the roles of many important ncRNAs in controlling intestinal mucosal growth, barrier function, and repair after injury-particularly in the context of postoperative recovery from bowel surgery. We review recent literature surrounding the relationships between lncRNAs, microRNAs, and RNA-binding proteins and how their interactions impact cell survival, proliferation, migration, and cell-to-cell interactions in the intestinal epithelium. With advancing knowledge of ncRNA biology and growing recognition of the importance of ncRNAs in maintaining the intestinal epithelial integrity, ncRNAs provide novel therapeutic targets for treatments to preserve the gut epithelium in individuals suffering from critical surgical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra A. Cairns
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Lan Xiao
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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Chang CC, Liu TC, Lu CJ, Chiu HC, Lin WN. Explainable machine learning model for identifying key gut microbes and metabolites biomarkers associated with myasthenia gravis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1572-1583. [PMID: 38650589 PMCID: PMC11035017 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic markers for myasthenia gravis (MG) are limited; thus, innovative approaches are required for supportive diagnosis and personalized care. Gut microbes are associated with MG pathogenesis; however, few studies have adopted machine learning (ML) to identify the associations among MG, gut microbiota, and metabolites. In this study, we developed an explainable ML model to predict biomarkers for MG diagnosis. We enrolled 19 MG patients and 10 non-MG individuals. Stool samples were collected and microbiome assessment was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Untargeted metabolic profiling was conducted to identify fecal amplicon significant variants (ASVs) and metabolites. We developed an explainable ML model in which the top ASVs and metabolites are combined to identify the best predictive performance. This model uses the SHapley Additive exPlanations method to generate both global and personalized explanations. Fecal microbe-metabolite composition differed significantly between groups. The key bacterial families were Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, and the top three features were Lachnospiraceae, inosine, and methylhistidine. An ML model trained with the top 1 % ASVs and top 15 % metabolites combined outperformed all other models. Personalized explanations revealed different patterns of microbe-metabolite contributions in patients with MG. The integration of the microbiota-metabolite features and the development of an explainable ML framework can accurately identify MG and provide personalized explanations, revealing the associations between gut microbiota, metabolites, and MG. An online calculator employing this algorithm was developed that provides a streamlined interface for MG diagnosis screening and conducting personalized evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Cheng Chang
- PhD Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Liu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jie Lu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Information Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Chang Chiu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- PhD Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Manokasemsan W, Jariyasopit N, Poungsombat P, Kaewnarin K, Wanichthanarak K, Kurilung A, Duangkumpha K, Limjiasahapong S, Pomyen Y, Chaiteerakij R, Tansawat R, Srisawat C, Sirivatanauksorn Y, Sirivatanauksorn V, Khoomrung S. Quantifying fecal and plasma short-chain fatty acids in healthy Thai individuals. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2163-2172. [PMID: 38827233 PMCID: PMC11141283 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are involved in important physiological processes such as gut health and immune response, and changes in SCFA levels can be indicative of disease. Despite the importance of SCFAs in human health and disease, reference values for fecal and plasma SCFA concentrations in healthy individuals are scarce. To address this gap in current knowledge, we developed a simple and reliable derivatization-free GC-TOFMS method for quantifying fecal and plasma SCFAs in healthy individuals. We targeted six linear- and seven branched-SCFAs, obtaining method recoveries of 73-88% and 83-134% in fecal and plasma matrices, respectively. The developed methods are simpler, faster, and more sensitive than previously published methods and are well suited for large-scale studies. Analysis of samples from 157 medically confirmed healthy individuals showed that the total SCFAs in the feces and plasma were 34.1 ± 15.3 µmol/g and 60.0 ± 45.9 µM, respectively. In fecal samples, acetic acid (Ace), propionic acid (Pro), and butanoic acid (But) were all significant, collectively accounting for 89% of the total SCFAs, whereas the only major SCFA in plasma samples was Ace, constituting of 93% of the total plasma SCFAs. There were no statistically significant differences in the total fecal and plasma SCFA concentrations between sexes or among age groups. The data revealed, however, a positive correlation for several nutrients, such as carbohydrate, fat, iron from vegetables, and water, to most of the targeted SCFAs. This is the first large-scale study to report SCFA reference intervals in the plasma and feces of healthy individuals, and thereby delivers valuable data for microbiome, metabolomics, and biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerawan Manokasemsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narumol Jariyasopit
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcha Poungsombat
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khwanta Kaewnarin
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Biodiversity Medicine, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwanjeera Wanichthanarak
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alongkorn Kurilung
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kassaporn Duangkumpha
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suphitcha Limjiasahapong
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yotsawat Pomyen
- Translational Research Unit, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Center of Excellence for Innovation and Endoscopy in Gastrointestinal Oncology, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rossarin Tansawat
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Metabolomics for Life Sciences Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatchawan Srisawat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yongyut Sirivatanauksorn
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapan Sirivatanauksorn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sakda Khoomrung
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology (SiCORE-MSB), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Kawakami Y, Yoshii S, Taniguchi M, Masaki Y, Sugawara T, Kimura Y, Nakase H. A rare case of delayed duodenal perforation due to an over-the-scope clip. Endoscopy 2024; 56:E331-E333. [PMID: 38594006 PMCID: PMC11003809 DOI: 10.1055/a-2285-3137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Kawakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinji Yoshii
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Taniguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taro Sugawara
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Kimura
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakase
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Zhou S, Lin N, Yu L, Su X, Liu Z, Yu X, Gao H, Lin S, Zeng Y. Single-cell multi-omics in the study of digestive system cancers. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:431-445. [PMID: 38223343 PMCID: PMC10787224 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Digestive system cancers are prevalent diseases with a high mortality rate, posing a significant threat to public health and economic burden. The diagnosis and treatment of digestive system cancer confront conventional cancer problems, such as tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance. Single-cell sequencing (SCS) emerged at times required and has developed from single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) to the single-cell multi-omics era represented by single-cell spatial transcriptomics (ST). This article comprehensively reviews the advances of single-cell omics technology in the study of digestive system tumors. While analyzing and summarizing the research cases, vital details on the sequencing platform, sample information, sampling method, and key findings are provided. Meanwhile, we summarize the commonly used SCS platforms and their features, as well as the advantages of multi-omics technologies in combination. Finally, the development trends and prospects of the application of single-cell multi-omics technology in digestive system cancer research are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
- The Clinical Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Nanfei Lin
- The Clinical Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Liying Yu
- The Clinical Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Su
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Respirology Medicine Centre of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhenlong Liu
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, & Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiaowan Yu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hongzhi Gao
- The Clinical Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Respirology Medicine Centre of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Li NN, Kang K, Zhou Y, Liu YQ, Zhang QQ, Luo PY, Wang L, Man MY, Lv JF, Wang XB, Peng YH, Luan FY, Li Y, Zhang JN, Chong Y, Wang YQ, Wang CS, Zhao MY, Yu KJ. Throat microbiota drives alterations in pulmonary alveolar microbiota in patients with septic ARDS. Virulence 2024; 15:2350775. [PMID: 38736041 PMCID: PMC11093027 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2350775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The translocation of intestinal flora has been linked to the colonization of diverse and heavy lower respiratory flora in patients with septic ARDS, and is considered a critical prognostic factor for patients. METHODS On the first and third days of ICU admission, BALF, throat swab, and anal swab were collected, resulting in a total of 288 samples. These samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA analysis and the traceability analysis of new generation technology. RESULTS On the first day, among the top five microbiota species in abundance, four species were found to be identical in BALF and throat samples. Similarly, on the third day, three microbiota species were found to be identical in abundance in both BALF and throat samples. On the first day, 85.16% of microorganisms originated from the throat, 5.79% from the intestines, and 9.05% were unknown. On the third day, 83.52% of microorganisms came from the throat, 4.67% from the intestines, and 11.81% were unknown. Additionally, when regrouping the 46 patients, the results revealed a significant predominance of throat microorganisms in BALF on both the first and third day. Furthermore, as the disease progressed, the proportion of intestinal flora in BALF increased in patients with enterogenic ARDS. CONCLUSIONS In patients with septic ARDS, the main source of lung microbiota is primarily from the throat. Furthermore, the dynamic trend of the microbiota on the first and third day is essentially consistent.It is important to note that the origin of the intestinal flora does not exclude the possibility of its origin from the throat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Na Li
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kai Kang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Qi Liu
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pei-Yao Luo
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ming-Yin Man
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jia-Feng Lv
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xi-Bo Wang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ya-Hui Peng
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fei-Yu Luan
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Li
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Chong
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi-Qi Wang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chang-song Wang
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ming-yan Zhao
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kai-jiang Yu
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Onana Ndong P, Piche T, Vanbiervliet G. Comprehensive endoscopic management of recurrent esophageal wall abscess revealing concomitant eosinophilic esophagitis. Endoscopy 2024; 56:E510-E511. [PMID: 38866058 PMCID: PMC11168795 DOI: 10.1055/a-2325-2770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Onana Ndong
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital L’Archet 2, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Thierry Piche
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital L’Archet 2, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Geoffroy Vanbiervliet
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital L’Archet 2, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
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Capogreco A, de Sire R, Massimi D, Alfarone L, Maselli R, Hassan C, Repici A. Prophylactic saline-immersion snare-tip vessel coagulation after colorectal endoscopic resection. Endoscopy 2024; 56:E622-E623. [PMID: 39009026 PMCID: PMC11250179 DOI: 10.1055/a-2353-6039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Capogreco
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Roberto de Sire
- Gastroenterology, Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Gastroenterology, IBD Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Davide Massimi
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Ludovico Alfarone
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Roberta Maselli
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Cesare Hassan
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Alessandro Repici
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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Rossier LN, Décosterd NP, Matter CB, Staudenmann DA, Moser A, Egger B, Seibold FW. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients is not associated with flares: a retrospective single-centre Swiss study. Ann Med 2024; 56:2295979. [PMID: 38289017 PMCID: PMC10829820 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2295979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination hesitancy is an important barrier to vaccination among IBD patients. The development of adverse events is the main concern reported. The purpose of this monocentric study was to assess SARS-CoV-2 vaccination safety in IBD patients by evaluating the postvaccination flare risk and incidence of overall adverse events. METHODS Surveys were handed out on three consecutive months to each patient presenting at the Crohn-Colitis Centre, where they documented their vaccination status and any side effects experienced after vaccination.Dates of flares occurring in 2021 were recorded from their electronic medical records. Baseline and IBD characteristics and flare incidence were compared between the vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, and among the vaccinated population before and after their vaccination doses. The characteristics of patients who developed side effects and of those who did not were compared. RESULTS We enrolled 396 IBD patients, of whom 91% were vaccinated. The proportion of patients who experienced flares was statistically not different between the vaccinated and the unvaccinated population (1.8 vs 2.6 flares per 100 person-months (p = 0.28)). Among vaccinated patients, there was no difference across the prevaccination, 1 month post any vaccination, and more than 1 month after any vaccination periods, and between the Spikevax and Cominarty subgroups. Overall, 46% of patients reported vaccination side effects, mostly mild flu-like symptoms. CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with mRNA vaccines seems safe, with mostly mild side effects. The IBD flare risk is not increased in the month following any vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N. Rossier
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Natalie P. Décosterd
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
| | - Christoph B. Matter
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
| | - Dominic A. Staudenmann
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Bernhard Egger
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Fribourg
| | - Frank W. Seibold
- Intesto, Gastroenterology and Crohn-Colitis Center, Fribourg and Berne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
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Tang R, Zhang Z, Xu J, Wang W, Meng Q, Liu Y, Du Q, Liang C, Hua J, Zhang B, Yu X, Shi S. Integration of single-nucleus and exosome RNA sequencing dissected inter-cellular communication and biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1689-1704. [PMID: 38689717 PMCID: PMC11059144 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mounting evidence underscores the importance of cell communication within the tumor microenvironment, which is pivotal in tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Exosomes play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication. Although single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides insights into individual cell transcriptional characteristics, it falls short of comprehensively capturing exosome-mediated intercellular communication. Method We analyzed Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues, separating supernatant and precipitate for exosome purification and single-cell nucleus suspension. We then constructed Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and small RNA-seq libraries from these components. Our bioinformatic analysis integrated these sequences with ligand-receptor analysis and public miRNA data to map the cell communication network. Results We established intercellular communication networks using bioinformatic analysis to track exosome miRNA effects and ligand-receptor pairs. Significantly, hsa-miR-1293 emerged as a prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer, linked to immune evasion, increased myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and poorer prognosis. Targeting this miRNA may enhance anti-tumor immunity and improve outcomes. Conclusion Our study offers a novel approach to constructing intercellular communication networks using snRNA-seq and exosome-small RNA sequencing. By integrating miRNA tracing with ligand-receptor analysis, we illuminate the complex interactions in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment, highlighting the pivotal role of miRNAs and identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endoscopy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Du
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shangai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Shi
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Shinjo T, Nishimura F. The bidirectional association between diabetes and periodontitis, from basic to clinical. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:15-21. [PMID: 38098853 PMCID: PMC10716706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and severity of periodontitis are increased and advanced in diabetes. Severe periodontitis elicits adverse effects on diabetes by impairing insulin actions due to systemic microinflammation. Recent studies unveil the emerging findings and molecular basis of the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. In addition to conventional mechanisms such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and chronic inflammation, deficient insulin action may play a pathogenic role in the progression of periodontitis under diabetes. Epidemiologically, from the viewpoint of the adverse effect of periodontitis on diabetes, recent studies have suggested that Asians including Japanese and Asian Americans with diabetes and mild obesity (BMI <25 kg/m2) should pay more attention to their increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the effect of diabetes on periodontitis from the viewpoint of abnormalities in metabolism and insulin resistance with novel mechanisms, and the influence of periodontitis on diabetes mainly focused on micro-inflammation related to mature adipose tissue and discuss future perspectives about novel approaches to interrupt the adverse interrelationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Shinjo
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Dhanasiri AK, Siciliani D, Kortner TM, Krogdahl Å. Epigenetic changes in pyloric caeca of Atlantic salmon fed diets containing increasing levels of lipids and choline. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2305079. [PMID: 38281164 PMCID: PMC10824149 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2305079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
An earlier study of ours investigating the effect of dietary lipid levels on the choline requirement of Atlantic salmon showed increasing severity of intestinal steatosis with increasing lipid levels. As choline is involved in epigenetic regulation by being the key methyl donor, pyloric caeca samples from the study were analysed for epigenetic effects of dietary lipid and choline levels. The diets varied in lipid levels between 16% and 28%, and choline levels between 1.9 and 2.3 g/kg. The diets were fed for 8 weeks to Atlantic salmon of 25 g of initial weight. Using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), this study revealed that increasing dietary lipid levels induced methylation differences in genes involved in membrane transport and signalling pathways, and in microRNAs important for the regulation of lipid homoeostasis. Increasing choline levels also affected genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and transport, lipolysis, and lipogenesis, as well as important immune genes. Our observations confirmed that choline is involved in epigenetic regulation in Atlantic salmon, as has been reported for higher vertebrates. This study showed the need for the inclusion of biomarkers of epigenetic processes in studies that must be conducted to define optimal choline levels in diets for Atlantic salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha K.S. Dhanasiri
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Daphne Siciliani
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Trond M. Kortner
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Åshild Krogdahl
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
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Zeng Z, Gong S, Quan C, Zhou S, Kulyar MFEA, Iqbal M, Li Y, Li X, Li J. Impact of Bacillus licheniformis from yaks following antibiotic therapy in mouse model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:139. [PMID: 38229401 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Gut microorganism (GM) is an integral component of the host microbiome and health system. Abuse of antibiotics disrupts the equilibrium of the microbiome, affecting environmental pathogens and host-associated bacteria alike. However, relatively little research on Bacillus licheniformis alleviates the adverse effects of antibiotics. To test the effect of B. licheniformis as a probiotic supplement against the effects of antibiotics, cefalexin was applied, and the recovery from cefalexin-induced jejunal community disorder and intestinal barrier damage was investigated by pathology, real-time PCR (RT-PCR), and high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The result showed that A group (antibiotic treatment) significantly reduced body weight and decreased the length of jejunal intestinal villi and the villi to crypt (V/C) value, which also caused structural damage to the jejunal mucosa. Meanwhile, antibiotic treatment suppressed the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, claudin, occludin, and Ki67 and elevated MUC2 expression more than the other Groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). However, T group (B. licheniformis supplements after antibiotic treatment) restored the expression of the above genes, and there was no statistically significant difference compared to the control group (P > 0.05). Moreover, the antibiotic treatment increased the relative abundance of 4 bacterial phyla affiliated with 16 bacterial genera in the jejunum community, including the dominant Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria in the jejunum. B. licheniformis supplements after antibiotic treatment reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Epsilonbacteraeota, Lactobacillus, and Candidatus Stoquefichus. This study uses mimic real-world exposure scenarios by considering the concentration and duration of exposure relevant to environmental antibiotic contamination levels. We described the post-antibiotic treatment with B. licheniformis could restore intestinal microbiome disorders and repair the intestinal barrier. KEY POINTS: • B. licheniformis post-antibiotics restore gut balance, repair barrier, and aid health • Antibiotics harm the gut barrier, alter structure, and raise disease risk • Long-term antibiotics affect the gut and increase disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Saisai Gong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuxian Quan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shimeng Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | | | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Yan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, Tibet, China.
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Zhang Z, Bao C, Li Z, He C, Jin W, Li C, Chen Y. Integrated omics analysis reveals the alteration of gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in Cervus elaphus kansuensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:125. [PMID: 38229330 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is the largest and most complex microecosystem in animals. It is influenced by the host's dietary habits and living environment, and its composition and diversity play irreplaceable roles in animal nutrient metabolism, immunity, and adaptation to the environment. Although the gut microbiota of red deer has been studied, the composition and function of the gut microbiota in Gansu red deer (Cervus elaphus kansuensis), an endemic subspecies of red deer in China, has not been reported. In this study, the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome and fecal metabolomics of C. elaphus kansuensis were identified and compared for the first time by using 16S rDNA sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, and LC-MS/MS. There were significant differences in gut microbiota structure and diversity between wild and farmed C. elaphus kansuensis. The 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that the genus UCRD-005 was dominant in both captive red deer (CRD) and wild red deer (WRD). Metagenomic sequencing showed similar results to those of 16S rDNA sequencing for gut microbiota in CRD and WRD at the phylum and genus levels. 16S rDNA and metagenomics sequencing data suggested that Bacteroides and Bacillus might serve as marker genera for CRD and WRD, respectively. Fecal metabolomics results showed that 520 metabolites with significant differences were detected between CRD and WRD and most differential metabolites were involved in lipid metabolism. The results suggested that large differences in gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites between CRD and WRD, indicating that different dietary habits and living environments over time have led to the development of stable gut microbiome characteristics for CRD and WRD to meet their respective survival and reproduction needs. KEY POINTS: • Environment and food affected the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in red deer • Genera Bacteroides and Bacillus may play important roles in CRD and WRD, respectively • Flavonoids and ascorbic acid in fecal metabolites may influence health of red deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiang Zhang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Changhong Bao
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Zhaonan Li
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Caixia He
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Wenjie Jin
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Changzhong Li
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China.
| | - Yanxia Chen
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China.
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Mahdavi M, Prévost K, Balthazar P, Hus IFP, Duchesne É, Dumont N, Gagné-Ouellet V, Gagnon C, Laforest-Lapointe I, Massé E. Disturbance of the human gut microbiota in patients with Myotonic Dystrophy type 1. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2097-2108. [PMID: 38803516 PMCID: PMC11128782 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder. Although DM1 is primarily characterized by progressive muscular weakness, it exhibits many multisystemic manifestations, such as cognitive deficits, cardiac conduction abnormalities, and cataracts, as well as endocrine and reproductive issues. Additionally, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is frequently affected, encompassing the entire digestive tract. However, the underlying causes of these GI symptoms remain uncertain, whether it is biomechanical problems of the intestine, involvement of bacterial communities, or both. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the structural changes in the gut microbiome of DM1 patients. To achieve this purpose, 35 patients with DM1 were recruited from the DM-Scope registry of the neuromuscular clinic in the Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean region of the province of Québec, Canada. Stool samples from these 35 patients, including 15 paired samples with family members living with them as controls, were collected. Subsequently, these samples were sequenced by 16S MiSeq and were analyzed with DADA2 to generate taxonomic signatures. Our analysis revealed that the DM1 status correlated with changes in gut bacterial community. Notably, there were differences in the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Euryarchaeota, Fusobacteriota, and Cyanobacteria Phyla compared to healthy controls. However, no significant shift in gut microbiome community structure was observed between DM1 phenotypes. These findings provide valuable insights into how the gut bacterial community, in conjunction with biomechanical factors, could potentially influence the gastrointestinal tract of DM1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manijeh Mahdavi
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Karine Prévost
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Philippe Balthazar
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Isabelle Fisette-Paul Hus
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Élise Duchesne
- Physiotherapy teaching unit, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Nicolas Dumont
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Gagné-Ouellet
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Cynthia Gagnon
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | | | - Eric Massé
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
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Andreasson A, Agréus L, Mastellos N, Bliźniuk G, Waśko-Czopnik D, Angelaki A, Theodosaki E, Lionis C, Hek K, Verheij R, Wright E, Durbaba S, Muris J, Bródka P, Saganowski S, Ethiér JF, Curcin V, Delaney B. Effect of on-demand vs continuous prescription of proton pump inhibitors on symptom burden and quality of life: results of a real-world randomized controlled trial in primary care patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Ann Med 2024; 56:2354683. [PMID: 38753973 PMCID: PMC11100437 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2354683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the impact of on-demand versus continuous prescribing of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on symptom burden and health-related quality of life in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) presenting to primary care. METHODS Thirty-six primary care centres across Europe enrolled adult GERD patients from electronic health records. Participants were randomised to on-demand or continuous PPI prescriptions and were followed for 8 weeks. PPI intake, symptom burden, and quality of life were compared between the two groups using mixed-effect regression analyses. Spearman's correlation was used to assess the association between changes in PPI dose and patient-reported outcomes. RESULTS A total of 488 patients (median age 51 years, 58% women) completed the initial visit, with 360 attending the follow-up visit. There was no significant difference in PPI use between the continuous and on-demand prescription groups (b=.57, 95%CI:0.40-1.53), although PPI use increased in both groups (b = 1.33, 95%CI:0.65 - 2.01). Advice on prescribing strategy did not significantly affect patient-reported outcomes. Both symptom burden (Reflux Disease Questionnaire, b=-0.61, 95%CI:-0.73 - -0.49) and quality of life (12-item Short Form Survey physical score b = 3.31, 95%CI:2.17 - 4.45) improved from baseline to follow-up in both groups. Increased PPI intake correlated with reduced reflux symptoms (n = 347, ρ=-0.12, p = 0.02) and improved quality of life (n = 217, ρ = 0.16, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION In real-world settings, both continuous and on-demand PPI prescriptions resulted in similar increases in PPI consumption with no difference in treatment effects. Achieving an adequate PPI dose to alleviate reflux symptom burden improves quality of life in GERD patients. EudraCT number 2014-001314-25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andreasson
- Division of Psychobiology and Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
| | - Lars Agréus
- Division for Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nikolaos Mastellos
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Grzegorz Bliźniuk
- Faculty of Cybernetics, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Waśko-Czopnik
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical University Wroclaw ul. Borowska 213, Wroclaw
| | - Agapi Angelaki
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece, Heraklion
| | - Eirini Theodosaki
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece, Heraklion
| | - Christos Lionis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece, Heraklion
| | - Karin Hek
- Nivel, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Verheij
- Nivel, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
- Health Care Institute Netherlands, Diemen, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen Wright
- School of Life Course & Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Stevo Durbaba
- School of Life Course & Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jean Muris
- Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Piotr Bródka
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Saganowski
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jean-Francois Ethiér
- Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en informatique de la santé (GRIIS.ca), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Vasa Curcin
- Department of Informatics, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Brendan Delaney
- Department of Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Liu T, Cao Y, Weng J, Gao S, Jin Z, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zhang H, Xia C, Yin X, Luo Y, He Q, Jiang H, Wang L, Zhang Z. Hepatitis E virus infects human testicular tissue and Sertoli cells. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2332657. [PMID: 38517709 PMCID: PMC11057402 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2332657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Globally, hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are prevalent. The finding of high viral loads and persistent viral shedding in ejaculate suggests that HEV replicates within the human male genital tract, but its target organ is unknown and appropriate models are lacking. We aimed to determine the HEV tropism in the human testis and its potential influence on male reproductive health. We conducted an ex vivo culture of human testis explants and in vitro culture of primary human Sertoli cells. Clinically derived HEV genotype 1 (HEV1) and HEV3 virions, as well as rat-derived HEV-C1, were used for inoculation. Transcriptomic analysis was performed on testis tissues collected from tacrolimus-treated rabbits with chronic HEV3 infection. Our findings reveal that HEV3, but not HEV1 or HEV-C1, can replicate in human testis explants and primary human Sertoli cells. Tacrolimus treatment significantly enhanced the replication efficiency of HEV3 in testis explants and enabled successful HEV1 infection in Sertoli cells. HEV3 infection disrupted the secretion of several soluble factors and altered the cytokine microenvironment within primary human Sertoli cells. Finally, intratesticular transcriptomic analysis of immunocompromised rabbits with chronic HEV infection indicated downregulation of genes associated with spermatogenesis. HEV can infect the human testicular tissues and Sertoli cells, with increased replication efficiency when exposed to tacrolimus treatment. These findings shed light on how HEV may persist in the ejaculate of patients with chronic hepatitis E and provide valuable ex vivo tools for studying countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxu Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yalei Cao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Weng
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songzhan Gao
- Department of Andrology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zirun Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhuo Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiyu He
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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49
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Mach N. The forecasting power of the mucin-microbiome interplay in livestock respiratory diseases. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-18. [PMID: 38606662 PMCID: PMC11018052 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2340003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex respiratory diseases are a significant challenge for the livestock industry worldwide. These diseases considerably impact animal health and welfare and cause severe economic losses. One of the first lines of pathogen defense combines the respiratory tract mucus, a highly viscous material primarily composed of mucins, and a thriving multi-kingdom microbial ecosystem. The microbiome-mucin interplay protects from unwanted substances and organisms, but its dysfunction may enable pathogenic infections and the onset of respiratory disease. Emerging evidence also shows that noncoding regulatory RNAs might modulate the structure and function of the microbiome-mucin relationship. This opinion paper unearths the current understanding of the triangular relationship between mucins, the microbiome, and noncoding RNAs in the context of respiratory infections in animals of veterinary interest. There is a need to look at these molecular underpinnings that dictate distinct health and disease outcomes to implement effective prevention, surveillance, and timely intervention strategies tailored to the different epidemiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Mach
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
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50
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Mondal S, Becskei A. Gene choice in cancer cells is exclusive in ion transport but concurrent in DNA replication. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2534-2547. [PMID: 38974885 PMCID: PMC11226983 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers share common cellular and physiological features. Little is known about whether distinctive gene expression patterns can be displayed at the single-cell level by gene families in cancer cells. The expression of gene homologs within a family can exhibit concurrence and exclusivity. Concurrence can promote all-or-none expression patterns of related genes and underlie alternative physiological states. Conversely, exclusive gene families express the same or similar number of homologs in each cell, allowing a broad repertoire of cell identities to be generated. We show that gene families involved in the cell-cycle and antigen presentation are expressed concurrently. Concurrence in the DNA replication complex MCM reflects the replicative status of cells, including cell lines and cancer-derived organoids. Exclusive expression requires precise regulatory mechanism, but cancer cells retain this form of control for ion homeostasis and extend it to gene families involved in cell migration. Thus, the cell adhesion-based identity of healthy cells is transformed to an identity based on migration in the population of cancer cells, reminiscent of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mondal
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Attila Becskei
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel 4056, Switzerland
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