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Lee DH, Cao D, Moon Y, Chen C, Liu NK, Xu XM, Wu W. Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:836-844. [PMID: 38886956 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202503000-00028/figure1/v/2024-06-17T092413Z/r/image-tiff Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group (10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hun Lee
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dan Cao
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Younghye Moon
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nai-Kui Liu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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2
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Tomàs J, Cilleros-Mañé V, Just-Borràs L, Balanyà-Segura M, Polishchuk A, Nadal L, Tomàs M, Silvera-Simón C, Santafé MM, Lanuza MA. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:394-401. [PMID: 38819042 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
During the development of the nervous system, there is an overproduction of neurons and synapses. Hebbian competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or strengthening. We have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway, at the neuromuscular junction, in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse consolidation. The purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination, in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this process. In particular, we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors, coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C (PKA and PKC) and voltage-gated calcium channels, at different nerve endings in developmental competition. The dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site, influence each other, and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific endings. We describe an activity-dependent balance (related to the extent of transmitter release) between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon terminals. The downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values, both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites, plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary synapses. Finally, calcium entry through L- and P/Q- subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels (both channels are present, together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals) contributes to reduce transmitter release and promote withdrawal of the most unfavorable nerve terminals during elimination (the weakest in acetylcholine release and those that have already become silent). The main findings contribute to a better understanding of punishment-rewarding interactions between nerve endings during development. Identifying the molecular targets and signaling pathways that allow synapse consolidation or withdrawal of synapses in different situations is important for potential therapies in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Tomàs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
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3
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Roytman S, Paalanen R, Carli G, Marusic U, Kanel P, van Laar T, Bohnen NI. Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson's disease: an integrative review. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:82-92. [PMID: 38767478 PMCID: PMC11246153 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging population. Posture and gait control does not happen automatically, as previously believed, but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous mechanisms. To effectively exert control over the body, the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information, including visual, vestibular, and somatosensory signals. The mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present work. Existing multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older adults. Insufficient emphasis, however, has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and balance. In the present work, we review the contributions of somatosensory, visual, and vestibular modalities, along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson's disease. We also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows, previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older adults. Lastly, we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates, both at the level of neurobiology (concerning positron emission tomography imaging) and at the level of electrophysiology (concerning electroencephalography). We hope that this integrative review, drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience, paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches, to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stiven Roytman
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rebecca Paalanen
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Giulia Carli
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea - ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Prabesh Kanel
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Parkinson's Foundation Research Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Teus van Laar
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nico I Bohnen
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Parkinson's Foundation Research Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Neurology Service and GRECC, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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4
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Chen Z, Xie H, Liu J, Zhao J, Huang R, Xiang Y, Wu H, Tian D, Bian E, Xiong Z. Roles of TRPM channels in glioma. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2338955. [PMID: 38680092 PMCID: PMC11062369 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2338955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor. Despite advances in treatment, it remains one of the most aggressive and deadly tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Gliomas are characterized by high malignancy, heterogeneity, invasiveness, and high resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It is urgent to find potential new molecular targets for glioma. The TRPM channels consist of TRPM1-TPRM8 and play a role in many cellular functions, including proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, etc. More and more studies have shown that TRPM channels can be used as new therapeutic targets for glioma. In this review, we first introduce the structure, activation patterns, and physiological functions of TRPM channels. Additionally, the pathological mechanism of glioma mediated by TRPM2, 3, 7, and 8 and the related signaling pathways are described. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting TRPM for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P. R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - JiaJia Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruixiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yufei Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haoyuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dasheng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhang Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P. R. China
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5
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Matsuda N, Abe MO. Attenuation of implicit motor learning with consecutive exposure to visual errors. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:32-37. [PMID: 38910907 PMCID: PMC11190668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Visual errors induced by movement drive implicit corrections of that movement. When similar errors are experienced consecutively, does sensitivity to the error remain consistent each time? This study aimed to investigate the modulation of implicit error sensitivity through continuous exposure to the same errors. In the reaching task using visual error-clamp feedback, participants were presented with the same error in direction and magnitude for four consecutive trials. We found that implicit error sensitivity decreased after exposure to the second error. These results indicate that when visual errors occur consecutively, the sensorimotor system exhibits different responses, even for identical errors. The continuity of errors may be a factor that modulates error sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyoshi Matsuda
- Graduate School of Education, Hokkaido University, Kita-11, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0811, Japan
| | - Masaki O. Abe
- Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University, Kita-11, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0811, Japan
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6
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Abd-Elsayed A, Stark CW, Topoluk N, Isaamullah M, Uzodinma P, Viswanath O, Gyorfi MJ, Fattouh O, Schlidt KC, Dyara O. A brief review of complex regional pain syndrome and current management. Ann Med 2024; 56:2334398. [PMID: 38569195 PMCID: PMC10993759 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2334398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating chronic pain condition that, although exceedingly rare, carries a significant burden for the affected patient population. The complex and ambiguous pathophysiology of this condition further complicates clinical management and therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, being a diagnosis of exclusion requires a diligent workup to ensure an accurate diagnosis and subsequent targeted management. The development of the Budapest diagnostic criteria helped to consolidate existing definitions of CRPS but extensive work remains in identifying the underlying pathways. Currently, two distinct types are identified by the presence (CRPS type 1) or absence (CRPS type 2) of neuronal injury. Current management directed at this disease is broad and growing, ranging from non-invasive modalities such as physical and psychological therapy to more invasive techniques such as dorsal root ganglion stimulation and potentially amputation. Ideal therapeutic interventions are multimodal in nature to address the likely multifactorial pathological development of CRPS. Regardless, a significant need remains for continued studies to elucidate the pathways involved in developing CRPS as well as more robust clinical trials for various treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Abd-Elsayed
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of WI School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cain W. Stark
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA
| | - Natasha Topoluk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA
| | - Mir Isaamullah
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA
| | - Paul Uzodinma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA
| | - Omar Viswanath
- Anesthesiology, LSU Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Michael J. Gyorfi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of WI School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Osama Fattouh
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kevin C. Schlidt
- Department of Surgery, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Omar Dyara
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA
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7
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González-Llera L, Santos-Durán GN, Sobrido-Cameán D, Núñez-González C, Pérez-Fernández J, Barreiro-Iglesias A. Spontaneous regeneration of cholecystokinergic reticulospinal axons after a complete spinal cord injury in sea lampreys. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:347-357. [PMID: 38205155 PMCID: PMC10776906 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to humans, lampreys spontaneously recover their swimming capacity after a complete spinal cord injury (SCI). This recovery process involves the regeneration of descending axons. Spontaneous axon regeneration in lampreys has been mainly studied in giant descending neurons. However, the regeneration of neurochemically distinct descending neuronal populations with small-caliber axons, as those found in mammals, has been less studied. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a regulatory neuropeptide found in the brain and spinal cord that modulates several processes such as satiety, or locomotion. CCK shows high evolutionary conservation and is present in all vertebrate species. Work in lampreys has shown that all CCKergic spinal cord axons originate in a single neuronal population located in the caudal rhombencephalon. Here, we investigate the spontaneous regeneration of CCKergic descending axons in larval lampreys following a complete SCI. Using anti-CCK-8 immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy and lightning adaptive deconvolution, we demonstrate the partial regeneration of CCKergic axons (81% of the number of axonal profiles seen in controls) 10 weeks after the injury. Our data also revealed a preference for regeneration of CCKergic axons in lateral spinal cord regions. Regenerated CCKergic axons exhibit colocalization with synaptic vesicle marker SV2, indicative of functional synaptic connections. We also extracted swimming dynamics in injured animals by using DeepLabCut. Interestingly, the degree of CCKergic reinnervation correlated with improved swimming performance in injured animals, suggesting a potential role in locomotor recovery. These findings open avenues for further exploration into the role of specific neuropeptidergic systems in post-SCI spinal locomotor networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura González-Llera
- Department of Functional Biology, CIBUS, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gabriel N. Santos-Durán
- Department of Functional Biology, CIBUS, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Sobrido-Cameán
- Department of Functional Biology, CIBUS, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Núñez-González
- CINBIO, Neurocircuits Group, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan Pérez-Fernández
- CINBIO, Neurocircuits Group, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Antón Barreiro-Iglesias
- Department of Functional Biology, CIBUS, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Pál B. On the functions of astrocyte-mediated neuronal slow inward currents. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2602-2612. [PMID: 38595279 PMCID: PMC11168512 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Slow inward currents are known as neuronal excitatory currents mediated by glutamate release and activation of neuronal extrasynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors with the contribution of astrocytes. These events are significantly slower than the excitatory postsynaptic currents. Parameters of slow inward currents are determined by several factors including the mechanisms of astrocytic activation and glutamate release, as well as the diffusion pathways from the release site towards the extrasynaptic receptors. Astrocytes are stimulated by neuronal network activity, which in turn excite neurons, forming an astrocyte-neuron feedback loop. Mostly as a consequence of brain edema, astrocytic swelling can also induce slow inward currents under pathological conditions. There is a growing body of evidence on the roles of slow inward currents on a single neuron or local network level. These events often occur in synchrony on neurons located in the same astrocytic domain. Besides synchronization of neuronal excitability, slow inward currents also set synaptic strength via eliciting timing-dependent synaptic plasticity. In addition, slow inward currents are also subject to non-synaptic plasticity triggered by long-lasting stimulation of the excitatory inputs. Of note, there might be important region-specific differences in the roles and actions triggering slow inward currents. In greater networks, the pathophysiological roles of slow inward currents can be better understood than physiological ones. Slow inward currents are identified in the pathophysiological background of autism, as slow inward currents drive early hypersynchrony of the neural networks. Slow inward currents are significant contributors to paroxysmal depolarizational shifts/interictal spikes. These events are related to epilepsy, but also found in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke, leading to the decline of cognitive functions. Events with features overlapping with slow inward currents (excitatory, N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor mediated currents with astrocytic contribution) as ischemic currents and spreading depolarization also have a well-known pathophysiological role in worsening consequences of stroke, traumatic brain injury, or epilepsy. One might assume that slow inward currents occurring with low frequency under physiological conditions might contribute to synaptic plasticity and memory formation. However, to state this, more experimental evidence from greater neuronal networks or the level of the individual is needed. In this review, I aimed to summarize findings on slow inward currents and to speculate on the potential functions of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Pál
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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9
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Ahlström FH, Viisanen H, Karhinen L, Velagapudi V, Blomqvist KJ, Lilius TO, Rauhala PV, Kalso EA. Gene expression in the dorsal root ganglion and the cerebrospinal fluid metabolome in polyneuropathy and opioid tolerance in rats. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:38-51. [PMID: 38933596 PMCID: PMC11201153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
First-line pharmacotherapy for peripheral neuropathic pain (NP) of diverse pathophysiology consists of antidepressants and gabapentinoids, but only a minority achieve sufficient analgesia with these drugs. Opioids are considered third-line analgesics in NP due to potential severe and unpredictable adverse effects in long-term use. Also, opioid tolerance and NP may have shared mechanisms, raising further concerns about opioid use in NP. We set out to further elucidate possible shared and separate mechanisms after chronic morphine treatment and oxaliplatin-induced and diabetic polyneuropathies, and to identify potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. We analysed thermal nociceptive behaviour, the transcriptome of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the metabolome of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in these three conditions, in rats. Several genes were differentially expressed, most following oxaliplatin and least after chronic morphine treatment, compared with saline-treated rats. A few genes were differentially expressed in the DRGs in all three models (e.g. Csf3r and Fkbp5). Some, e.g. Alox15 and Slc12a5, were differentially expressed in both diabetic and oxaliplatin models. Other differentially expressed genes were associated with nociception, inflammation, and glial cells. The CSF metabolome was most significantly affected in the diabetic rats. Interestingly, we saw changes in nicotinamide metabolism, which has been associated with opioid addiction and withdrawal, in the CSF of morphine-tolerant rats. Our results offer new hypotheses for the pathophysiology and treatment of NP and opioid tolerance. In particular, the role of nicotinamide metabolism in opioid addiction deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik H.G. Ahlström
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
| | - Hanna Viisanen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
| | - Leena Karhinen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
| | - Vidya Velagapudi
- Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Kim J. Blomqvist
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
| | - Tuomas O. Lilius
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Tukholmankatu 8C, 00014, Finland
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Pekka V. Rauhala
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
| | - Eija A. Kalso
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum 1, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Finland
- SleepWell Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, , University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014, Finland
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, HUS, Stenbäckinkatu 9, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Finland
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10
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Zhu H, Guest JD, Dunlop S, Xie JX, Gao S, Luo Z, Springer JE, Wu W, Young W, Poon WS, Liu S, Gao H, Yu T, Wang D, Zhou L, Wu S, Zhong L, Niu F, Wang X, Liu Y, So KF, Xu XM. Surgical intervention combined with weight-bearing walking training promotes recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury: a randomized controlled study. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2773-2784. [PMID: 38595294 PMCID: PMC11168509 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202412000-00032/figure1/v/2024-04-08T165401Z/r/image-tiff For patients with chronic spinal cord injury, the conventional treatment is rehabilitation and treatment of spinal cord injury complications such as urinary tract infection, pressure sores, osteoporosis, and deep vein thrombosis. Surgery is rarely performed on spinal cord injury in the chronic phase, and few treatments have been proven effective in chronic spinal cord injury patients. Development of effective therapies for chronic spinal cord injury patients is needed. We conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury to compare intensive rehabilitation (weight-bearing walking training) alone with surgical intervention plus intensive rehabilitation. This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02663310). The goal of surgical intervention was spinal cord detethering, restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow, and elimination of residual spinal cord compression. We found that surgical intervention plus weight-bearing walking training was associated with a higher incidence of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement, reduced spasticity, and more rapid bowel and bladder functional recovery than weight-bearing walking training alone. Overall, the surgical procedures and intensive rehabilitation were safe. American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement was more common in T7-T11 injuries than in T2-T6 injuries. Surgery combined with rehabilitation appears to have a role in treatment of chronic spinal cord injury patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - James D. Guest
- Neurological Surgery, and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Dunlop
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jia-Xin Xie
- Clinical Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Sujuan Gao
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Spinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Joe E. Springer
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Wutian Wu
- Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wise Young
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Wai Sang Poon
- Neurosurgery Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China
| | - Song Liu
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hongkun Gao
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Dianchun Wang
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Libing Zhou
- Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shengping Wu
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Fang Niu
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yansheng Liu
- Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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11
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Zou K, Deng Q, Zhang H, Huang C. Glymphatic system: a gateway for neuroinflammation. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2661-2672. [PMID: 38595285 PMCID: PMC11168510 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system is a relatively recently identified fluid exchange and transport system in the brain. Accumulating evidence indicates that glymphatic function is impaired not only in central nervous system disorders but also in systemic diseases. Systemic diseases can trigger the inflammatory responses in the central nervous system, occasionally leading to sustained inflammation and functional disturbance of the central nervous system. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the association between glymphatic dysfunction and central nervous system inflammation. In addition, we discuss the hypothesis that disease conditions initially associated with peripheral inflammation overwhelm the performance of the glymphatic system, thereby triggering central nervous system dysfunction, chronic neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Future research investigating the role of the glymphatic system in neuroinflammation may offer innovative therapeutic approaches for central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailu Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qingwei Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Changsheng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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12
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Ghovanloo MR, Tyagi S, Zhao P, Effraim PR, Dib-Hajj SD, Waxman SG. Sodium currents in naïve mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons: No major differences between sexes. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2289256. [PMID: 38055732 PMCID: PMC10761158 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2023.2289256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism has been reported in multiple pre-clinical and clinical studies on pain. Previous investigations have suggested that in at least some states, rodent dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons display differential sex-dependent regulation and expression patterns of various proteins involved in the pain pathway. Our goal in this study was to determine whether sexual dimorphism in the biophysical properties of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) currents contributes to these observations in rodents. We recently developed a novel method that enables high-throughput, unbiased, and automated functional analysis of native rodent sensory neurons from naïve WT mice profiled simultaneously under uniform experimental conditions. In our previous study, we performed all experiments in neurons that were obtained from mixed populations of adult males or females, which were combined into single (combined male/female) data sets. Here, we have re-analyzed the same previously published data and segregated the cells based on sex. Although the number of cells in our previously published data sets were uneven for some comparisons, our results do not show sex-dependent differences in the biophysical properties of Nav currents in these native DRG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Ghovanloo
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sidharth Tyagi
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Philip R. Effraim
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sulayman D. Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G. Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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13
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Poulen G, Perrin FE. Advances in spinal cord injury: insights from non-human primates. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2354-2364. [PMID: 38526271 PMCID: PMC11090432 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury results in significant sensorimotor deficits, currently, there is no curative treatment for the symptoms induced by spinal cord injury. Basic and pre-clinical research on spinal cord injury relies on the development and characterization of appropriate animal models. These models should replicate the symptoms observed in human, allowing for the exploration of functional deficits and investigation into various aspects of physiopathology of spinal cord injury. Non-human primates, due to their close phylogenetic association with humans, share more neuroanatomical, genetic, and physiological similarities with humans than rodents. Therefore, the responses to spinal cord injury in nonhuman primates most likely resemble the responses to traumatism in humans. In this review, we will discuss nonhuman primate models of spinal cord injury, focusing on in vivo assessments, including behavioral tests, magnetic resonance imaging, and electrical activity recordings, as well as ex vivo histological analyses. Additionally, we will present therapeutic strategies developed in non-human primates and discuss the unique specificities of non-human primate models of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetan Poulen
- University of Montpellier, INSERM, EPHE, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Florence E. Perrin
- University of Montpellier, INSERM, EPHE, Montpellier, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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14
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Sukhija N, Malik AA, Devadasan JM, Dash A, Bidyalaxmi K, Ravi Kumar D, Kousalaya Devi M, Choudhary A, Kanaka KK, Sharma R, Tripathi SB, Niranjan SK, Sivalingam J, Verma A. Genome-wide selection signatures address trait specific candidate genes in cattle indigenous to arid regions of India. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2290521. [PMID: 38088885 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2290521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The peculiarity of Indian cattle lies in milk quality, resistance to diseases and stressors as well as adaptability. The investigation addressed selection signatures in Gir and Tharparkar cattle, belonging to arid ecotypes of India. Double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq) yielded nearly 26 million high-quality reads from unrelated seven Gir and seven Tharparkar cows. In all, 19,127 high-quality SNPs were processed for selection signature analysis. An approach involving within-population composite likelihood ratio (CLR) statistics and between-population FST statistics was used to capture selection signatures within and between the breeds, respectively. A total of 191 selection signatures were addressed using CLR and FST approaches. Selection signatures overlapping 86 and 73 genes were detected as Gir- and Tharparkar-specific, respectively. Notably, genes related to production (CACNA1D, GHRHR), reproduction (ESR1, RBMS3), immunity (NOSTRIN, IL12B) and adaptation (ADAM22, ASL) were annotated to selection signatures. Gene pathway analysis revealed genes in insulin/IGF pathway for milk production, gonadotropin releasing hormone pathway for reproduction, Wnt signalling pathway and chemokine and cytokine signalling pathway for adaptation. This is the first study where selection signatures are identified using ddRAD-seq in indicine cattle breeds. The study shall help in conservation and leveraging genetic improvements in Gir and Tharparkar cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sukhija
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Anoop Anand Malik
- TERI School of Advanced Studies, Delhi, India
- The Energy and Resources Institute, North Eastern Regional Centre, Guwahati, India
| | | | | | - Kangabam Bidyalaxmi
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - D Ravi Kumar
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | | | | | - K K Kanaka
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
| | - Rekha Sharma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | | | | | | | - Archana Verma
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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15
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Enayati S, Chang K, Lennikov A, Yang M, Lee C, Ashok A, Elzaridi F, Yen C, Gunes K, Xie J, Cho KS, Utheim TP, Chen DF. Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2543-2552. [PMID: 38526290 PMCID: PMC11090438 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202419110-00034/figure1/v/2024-03-08T184507Z/r/image-tiff Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors, leading to progressive photoreceptor loss. Previous research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor survival. This study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation (tcES) in mice affected by inherited retinal degeneration. Additionally, the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem humans. In this study, we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in C57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular, sine, and ramp waveforms. To investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors, we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout (Rho-/-) mice, demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with age. Human retinal explants isolated from the donors' eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in vitro. Photoreceptor density was evaluated by rhodopsin immunolabeling. In vivo Rho-/- mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp waveforms. Retinal function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response (OMR), respectively. Immunolabeling was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse retinas. Oscilloscope recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular, sine, and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation, of which the ramp waveform required the lowest voltage. Evaluation of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human eyes. The temperature recordings during and after electrical stimulation indicated no significant temperature change in vivo and only a subtle temperature increase in vitro (~0.5-1.5°C). Electrical stimulation increased photoreceptor survival in human retinal explant cultures, particularly at the ramp waveform. Transcorneal electrical stimulation (rectangular + ramp) waveforms significantly improved the survival and function of S and M-cones and enhanced visual acuity based on the optomotor response results. Histology and immunolabeling demonstrated increased photoreceptor survival, improved outer nuclear layer thickness, and increased bipolar cell sprouting in Rho-/- mice. These results indicate that transcorneal electrical stimulation effectively delivers the electrical field to the retina, improves photoreceptor survival in both human and mouse retinas, and increases visual function in Rho-/- mice. Combined rectangular and ramp waveform stimulation can promote photoreceptor survival in a minimally invasive fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Enayati
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of clinical medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Karen Chang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anton Lennikov
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Menglu Yang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cherin Lee
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ajay Ashok
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Farris Elzaridi
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina Yen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kasim Gunes
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Jia Xie
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kin-Sang Cho
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of clinical medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Dong Feng Chen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Roy S, Lutsenko S. Mechanism of Cu entry into the brain: many unanswered questions. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2421-2429. [PMID: 38526278 PMCID: PMC11090436 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.393107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain tissue requires high amounts of copper (Cu) for its key physiological processes, such as energy production, neurotransmitter synthesis, maturation of neuropeptides, myelination, synaptic plasticity, and radical scavenging. The requirements for Cu in the brain vary depending on specific brain regions, cell types, organism age, and nutritional status. Cu imbalances cause or contribute to several life-threatening neurologic disorders including Menkes disease, Wilson disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and others. Despite the well-established role of Cu homeostasis in brain development and function, the mechanisms that govern Cu delivery to the brain are not well defined. This review summarizes available information on Cu transfer through the brain barriers and discusses issues that require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhrajit Roy
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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17
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Kuznetsov AV. Effects of Time-Dependent Adenosine Triphosphate Consumption Caused by Neuron Firing on Adenosine Triphosphate Concentrations in Synaptic Boutons Containing and Lacking a Stationary Mitochondrion. J Biomech Eng 2024; 146:111002. [PMID: 38888293 DOI: 10.1115/1.4065743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The precise mechanism behind the supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to approximately half of the presynaptic release sites in axons that lack a stationary mitochondrion is not fully understood. This paper presents a mathematical model designed to simulate the transient ATP concentration in presynaptic en passant boutons. The model is utilized to investigate how the ATP concentration responds to increased ATP demand during neuronal firing in boutons with a stationary mitochondrion and those without one. The analysis suggests that neuron firing may cause oscillations in the ATP concentrations, with peak-to-peak amplitudes ranging from 0.06% to 5% of their average values. However, this does not deplete boutons lacking a mitochondrion of ATP; for physiologically relevant values of model parameters, their concentration remains approximately 3.75 times higher than the minimum concentration required for synaptic activity. The variance in average ATP concentrations between boutons containing a stationary mitochondrion and those lacking one ranges from 0.3% to 0.8%, contingent on the distance between the boutons. The model indicates that diffusion-driven ATP transport is rapid enough to adequately supply ATP molecules to boutons lacking a stationary mitochondrion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Kuznetsov
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7910
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18
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Ziroldo JC, Torres LMB, Gamberini MT. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) induces psychostimulant, anxiolytic-like effects and improvement of motor performance in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118476. [PMID: 38908491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is reported by traditional medicine as tonic, stimulating and beneficial in increasing resistance to fatigue. Previous preclinical studies in rats using aqueous extract of sugarcane leaves (AE) revealed pharmacological effects on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems involving the participation of dopaminergic pathways. This neurotransmission system is also related to motor, emotional and cognitive activities, which could, in part, justify the ethnopharmacological information. AIM OF STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the motor, emotional and cognitive activities of rats submitted to AE treatment using behavioral tests in order to correlate the pharmacological effects with the therapeutic benefits postulated by traditional medicine. Additionally, the chemical profile of AE was evaluated by HPLC-UV/Vis, and the presence of shikimic acid, vitexin, and ferulic acid, as possible chemical markers, was investigated through comparisons of chemical parameters with the authentic patterns, and a UV-Vis scan of known spectra. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats received water (1.5 mL/kg, p.o.) and AE (0.5, 10 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) in the absence and presence of haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.), 90 min before open field; rotarod; elevated plus maze and inhibitory avoidance tests for investigation of motor; emotional and cognitive responses. As a positive control was used apomorphine (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.). The chemical profile of AE was evaluated by HPLC-UV/Vis and the presence of shikimic acid, vitexin and ferulic acid, as possible chemical markers, was investigated through comparisons with the retention times, an increase of the integral of the peak area determined by co-injection of AE with the authentic patterns, and a UV-Vis scan of known spectra. RESULTS In open field, it revealed that AE increased locomotion; reduced rearing but did not change freezing and grooming. Besides, AE increased motor performance in rotarod and reduced anxiety in elevated plus maze. A relation dose-response was observed in these tests where the lowest dose of AE was more effective in developing pharmacological responses. Previous administration of haloperidol inhibited the responses of AE. Inhibitory avoidance test revealed that AE did not modify fast-learning and associative memory. CONCLUSIONS Sugarcane induced psychostimulant, anxiolytic-like effects, and improvement of motor performance in rats, with the involvement of dopaminergic pathways. The present study points to AE as a potential adaptogen but, in addition to behavioral assessments, metabolic and molecular aspects, that involve the participation of a variety of regulatory systems, will be investigated in futures studies. Phytochemical analyses showed that AE is a complex matrix and revealed shikimic acid, vitexin, and ferulic acid as potential chemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Corsini Ziroldo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Thereza Gamberini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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19
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Lewis CM, Griffith TN. Ion channels of cold transduction and transmission. J Gen Physiol 2024; 156:e202313529. [PMID: 39051992 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermosensation requires the activation of a unique collection of ion channels and receptors that work in concert to transmit thermal information. It is widely accepted that transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) activation is required for normal cold sensing; however, recent studies have illuminated major roles for other ion channels in this important somatic sensation. In addition to TRPM8, other TRP channels have been reported to contribute to cold transduction mechanisms in diverse sensory neuron populations, with both leak- and voltage-gated channels being identified for their role in the transmission of cold signals. Whether the same channels that contribute to physiological cold sensing also mediate noxious cold signaling remains unclear; however, recent work has found a conserved role for the kainite receptor, GluK2, in noxious cold sensing across species. Additionally, cold-sensing neurons likely engage in functional crosstalk with nociceptors to give rise to cold pain. This Review will provide an update on our understanding of the relationship between various ion channels in the transduction and transmission of cold and highlight areas where further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheyanne M Lewis
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Theanne N Griffith
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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20
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Butler JM, McKinney JE, Ludington SC, Mabogunje M, Baker P, Singh D, Edwards SV, O'Connell LA. Tadpoles rely on mechanosensory stimuli for communication when visual capabilities are poor. Dev Biol 2024; 514:66-77. [PMID: 38851558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The ways in which animals sense the world changes throughout development. For example, young of many species have limited visual capabilities, but still make social decisions, likely based on information gathered through other sensory modalities. Poison frog tadpoles display complex social behaviors that have been suggested to rely on vision despite a century of research indicating tadpoles have poorly-developed visual systems relative to adults. Alternatively, other sensory modalities, such as the lateral line system, are functional at hatching in frogs and may guide social decisions while other sensory systems mature. Here, we examined development of the mechanosensory lateral line and visual systems in tadpoles of the mimic poison frog (Ranitomeya imitator) that use vibrational begging displays to stimulate egg feeding from their mothers. We found that tadpoles hatch with a fully developed lateral line system. While begging behavior increases with development, ablating the lateral line system inhibited begging in pre-metamorphic tadpoles, but not in metamorphic tadpoles. We also found that the increase in begging and decrease in reliance on the lateral line co-occurs with increased retinal neural activity and gene expression associated with eye development. Using the neural tracer neurobiotin, we found that axonal innervations from the eye to the brain proliferate during metamorphosis, with few retinotectal connections in recently-hatched tadpoles. We then tested visual function in a phototaxis assay and found tadpoles prefer darker environments. The strength of this preference increased with developmental stage, but eyes were not required for this behavior, possibly indicating a role for the pineal gland. Together, these data suggest that tadpoles rely on different sensory modalities for social interactions across development and that the development of sensory systems in socially complex poison frog tadpoles is similar to that of other frog species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Butler
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, United States.
| | | | | | - Moremi Mabogunje
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, United States; Foothill Community College, United States
| | - Penelope Baker
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, United States
| | - Devraj Singh
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, United States; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, United States; Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, United States
| | - Scott V Edwards
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, United States; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, United States
| | - Lauren A O'Connell
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, United States; Wu Tsai Institute for Neuroscience, Stanford University, United States.
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21
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Huang Z, Sun Y, Liu S, Chen X, Ping J, Fei P, Gong Z, Zheng N. A machine learning based method for tracking of simultaneously imaged neural activity and body posture of freely moving maggot. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150290. [PMID: 38941792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
To understand neural basis of animal behavior, it is necessary to monitor neural activity and behavior in freely moving animal before building relationship between them. Here we use light sheet fluorescence microscope (LSFM) combined with microfluidic chip to simultaneously capture neural activity and body movement in small freely behaving Drosophila larva. We develop a transfer learning based method to simultaneously track the continuously changing body posture and activity of neurons that move together using a sub-region tracking network with a precise landmark estimation network for the inference of target landmark trajectory. Based on the tracking of each labelled neuron, the activity of the neuron indicated by fluorescent intensity is calculated. For each video, annotation of only 20 frames in a video is sufficient to yield human-level accuracy for all other frames. The validity of this method is further confirmed by reproducing the activity pattern of PMSIs (period-positive median segmental interneurons) and larval movement as previously reported. Using this method, we disclosed the correlation between larval movement and left-right asymmetry in activity of a group of unidentified neurons labelled by R52H01-Gal4 and further confirmed the roles of these neurons in bilateral balance of body contraction during larval crawling by genetic inhibition of these neurons. Our method provides a new tool for accurate extraction of neural activities and movement of freely behaving small-size transparent animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenan Huang
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | - Xiaopeng Chen
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; School of Optical and Electronic Information-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Junyu Ping
- School of Optical and Electronic Information-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Peng Fei
- School of Optical and Electronic Information-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhefeng Gong
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Nenggan Zheng
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310007, China
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22
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Channak S, Speklé EM, van der Beek AJ, Janwantanakul P. Effect of two dynamic seat cushions on postural shift, trunk muscle activation and spinal discomfort in office workers. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2024; 120:104337. [PMID: 38885573 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of two dynamic seat cushions on postural shift, trunk muscle activation and spinal discomfort. In this repeated-measures study, 30 healthy office workers were randomly assigned to a sequence of three conditions: sitting on a dynamic seat cushion-A, cushion-B and control (no seat cushion). The two dynamic seat cushions had different inflation levels. Participants typed a standard text for an hour and were monitored for postural shift by using a seat pressure mat, transversus abdominis/internal oblique and lumbar multifidus muscles activity by using surface EMG, spinal discomfort by using Borg's CR-10 scale. Two-way repeated ANOVAs showed no statistically significant interaction effects between condition and time on postural shift and muscle activation. Post hoc Bonferroni tests showed that postural shifts and lumbar multifidus activation during sitting on cushion-A were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in the control and cushion-B conditions. Both cushions reduced spinal discomfort, compared to the control condition (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinant Channak
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Erwin M Speklé
- Arbo Unie B.V., Occupational Health Service, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Allard J van der Beek
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Prawit Janwantanakul
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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23
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Mioto AM, Wolf R, Stein AM, Dos Santos GDOR, Ugrinowitsch C, Pereira G. Exercise training effect on skeletal muscle motor drive in older adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 125:105489. [PMID: 38851093 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The meta-analysis aimed to determine whether exercise training can positively change indices of motor drive, i.e., the input from the central nervous system to the muscle, and how training characteristics, motor drive assessment, assessed muscle, and testing specificity could modulate the changes in motor drive in older adults. A random-effect meta-analysis model using standardized mean differences (Hedges' g) determined treatment effects. Moderators (e.g., training type and intensity) and meta-regressors (e.g., number of sessions) were performed using mixed- and fixed-effect models. A significant Q-test, followed by pairwise post hoc comparisons, determined differences between levels of the categorical moderators. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Ten randomized controlled trials, 290 older adults, met the inclusion criteria. Only strength and power exercise training were retrieved from the search and included in the analysis. Strength (g = 0.60, 95 % CI 0.24 to 0.96) and power training (g = 0.51, 95 % CI 0.02 to 1.00) increased motor drive compared with a control condition. High (g = 0.66; 95 % CI 0.34 to 0.97) and low-high (g = 1.23; 95 % CI 0.19 to 2.27) combinations of training intensities increased motor drive compared to the control condition. The multi-joint training and testing exercise structure (g = 1.23; 95 % CI 0.79 to 1.67) was more effective in increasing motor drive (Qdf=2 = 14.15; p = 0.001) than the multi-single joint structure (g = 0.46; 95 % CI 0.06 to 0.85). Therefore, strength and power training with high volume and intensity associated with multi-joint training and testing combination of exercises seem to improve skeletal muscle motor drive in older adults effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alline Mardegan Mioto
- Federal University of Parana, Physical Education Department, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
| | - Renata Wolf
- Federal University of Parana, Physical Education Department, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Angelica Miki Stein
- Federal University of Parana, Physical Education Department, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; Federal University of Technology - Parana, Physical Education Department, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Ugrinowitsch
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and Sport, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gleber Pereira
- Federal University of Parana, Physical Education Department, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
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24
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Ma Y, Qiao Y, Gao X. Potential role of hippocampal neurogenesis in spinal cord injury induced post-trauma depression. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2144-2156. [PMID: 38488549 PMCID: PMC11034606 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been reported both in clinic and rodent models that beyond spinal cord injury directly induced symptoms, such as paralysis, neuropathic pain, bladder/bowel dysfunction, and loss of sexual function, there are a variety of secondary complications, including memory loss, cognitive decline, depression, and Alzheimer's disease. The large-scale longitudinal population-based studies indicate that post-trauma depression is highly prevalent in spinal cord injury patients. Yet, few basic studies have been conducted to address the potential molecular mechanisms. One of possible factors underlying the depression is the reduction of adult hippocampal neurogenesis which may come from less physical activity, social isolation, chronic pain, and elevated neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury. However, there is no clear consensus yet. In this review, we will first summarize the alteration of hippocampal neurogenesis post-spinal cord injury. Then, we will discuss possible mechanisms underlie this important spinal cord injury consequence. Finally, we will outline the potential therapeutic options aimed at enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis to ameliorate depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yue Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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25
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Amo-Aparicio J, Dinarello CA, Lopez-Vales R. Metabolic reprogramming of the inflammatory response in the nervous system: the crossover between inflammation and metabolism. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2189-2201. [PMID: 38488552 PMCID: PMC11034585 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is a fundamental process by which biochemicals are broken down to produce energy (catabolism) or used to build macromolecules (anabolism). Metabolism has received renewed attention as a mechanism that generates molecules that modulate multiple cellular responses. This was first identified in cancer cells as the Warburg effect, but it is also present in immunocompetent cells. Studies have revealed a bidirectional influence of cellular metabolism and immune cell function, highlighting the significance of metabolic reprogramming in immune cell activation and effector functions. Metabolic processes such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation have been shown to undergo dynamic changes during immune cell response, facilitating the energetic and biosynthetic demands. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in different immune cells upon activation, with a special focus on central nervous system disorders. Understanding the metabolic changes of the immune response not only provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms that regulate immune cell function but also opens new approaches for therapeutic strategies aimed at manipulating the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruben Lopez-Vales
- Institute of Neurosciences, and Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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26
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Blednov YA, Shawlot W, Homanics GE, Osterndorff-Kahanek EA, Mason S, Mayfield J, Smalley JL, Moss SJ, Messing RO. The PDE4 inhibitor apremilast modulates ethanol responses in Gabrb1-S409A knock-in mice via PKA-dependent and independent mechanisms. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110035. [PMID: 38876310 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
We previously showed that the PDE4 inhibitor apremilast reduces ethanol consumption in mice by protein kinase A (PKA) and GABAergic mechanisms. Preventing PKA phosphorylation of GABAA β3 subunits partially blocked apremilast-mediated decreases in drinking. Here, we produced Gabrb1-S409A mice to render GABAA β1 subunits resistant to PKA-mediated phosphorylation. Mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of the S409A mutation and lack of changes in β1 subunit expression or phosphorylation at other residues. β1-S409A male and female mice did not differ from wild-type C57BL/6J mice in expression of Gabrb1, Gabrb2, or Gabrb3 subunits or in behavioral characteristics. Apremilast prolonged recovery from ethanol ataxia to a greater extent in Gabrb1-S409A mice but prolonged recovery from zolpidem and propofol to a similar extent in both genotypes. Apremilast shortened recovery from diazepam ataxia in wild-type but prolonged recovery in Gabrb1-S409A mice. In wild-type mice, the PKA inhibitor H89 prevented apremilast modulation of ataxia by ethanol and diazepam, but not by zolpidem. In Gabrb1-S409A mice, inhibiting PKA or EPAC2 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP) partially reversed apremilast potentiation of ethanol, diazepam, and zolpidem ataxia. Apremilast prevented acute tolerance to ethanol ataxia in both genotypes, but there were no genotype differences in ethanol consumption before or after apremilast. In contrast to results in Gabrb3-S408A/S409A mice, PKA phosphorylation of β1-containing GABAA receptors is not required for apremilast's effects on acute tolerance or on ethanol consumption but is required for its ability to decrease diazepam intoxication. Besides PKA we identified EPAC2 as an additional cAMP-dependent mechanism by which apremilast regulates responses to GABAergic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri A Blednov
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - William Shawlot
- Center for Biomedical Research Support, Mouse Genetic Engineering Facility, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Gregg E Homanics
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Neurobiology, and Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | | | - Sonia Mason
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jody Mayfield
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Joshua L Smalley
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Stephen J Moss
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Robert O Messing
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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27
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Thorens B. Neuronal glucose sensing mechanisms and circuits in the control of insulin and glucagon secretion. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1461-1486. [PMID: 38661565 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is mainly under the control of the pancreatic islet hormones insulin and glucagon, which, respectively, stimulate glucose uptake and utilization by liver, fat, and muscle and glucose production by the liver. The balance between the secretions of these hormones is under the control of blood glucose concentrations. Indeed, pancreatic islet β-cells and α-cells can sense variations in glycemia and respond by an appropriate secretory response. However, the secretory activity of these cells is also under multiple additional metabolic, hormonal, and neuronal signals that combine to ensure the perfect control of glycemia over a lifetime. The central nervous system (CNS), which has an almost absolute requirement for glucose as a source of metabolic energy and thus a vital interest in ensuring that glycemic levels never fall below ∼5 mM, is equipped with populations of neurons responsive to changes in glucose concentrations. These neurons control pancreatic islet cell secretion activity in multiple ways: through both branches of the autonomic nervous system, through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and by secreting vasopressin (AVP) in the blood at the level of the posterior pituitary. Here, we present the autonomic innervation of the pancreatic islets; the mechanisms of neuron activation by a rise or a fall in glucose concentration; how current viral tracing, chemogenetic, and optogenetic techniques allow integration of specific glucose sensing neurons in defined neuronal circuits that control endocrine pancreas function; and, finally, how genetic screens in mice can untangle the diversity of the hypothalamic mechanisms controlling the response to hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Thorens
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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28
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Davids M, Vendramini L, Klein V, Ferris N, Guerin B, Wald LL. Experimental validation of a PNS-optimized whole-body gradient coil. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:1788-1803. [PMID: 38767407 PMCID: PMC11262990 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) limits the usability of state-of-the-art whole-body and head-only MRI gradient coils. We used detailed electromagnetic and neurodynamic modeling to set an explicit PNS constraint during the design of a whole-body gradient coil and constructed it to compare the predicted and experimentally measured PNS thresholds to those of a matched design without PNS constraints. METHODS We designed, constructed, and tested two actively shielded whole-body Y-axis gradient coil winding patterns: YG1 is a conventional symmetric design without PNS-optimization, whereas YG2's design used an additional constraint on the allowable PNS threshold in the head-imaging landmark, yielding an asymmetric winding pattern. We measured PNS thresholds in 18 healthy subjects at five landmark positions (head, cardiac, abdominal, pelvic, and knee). RESULTS The PNS-optimized design YG2 achieved 46% higher average experimental thresholds for a head-imaging landmark than YG1 while incurring a 15% inductance penalty. For cardiac, pelvic, and knee imaging landmarks, the PNS thresholds increased between +22% and +35%. For abdominal imaging, PNS thresholds did not change significantly between YG1 and YG2 (-3.6%). The agreement between predicted and experimental PNS thresholds was within 11.4% normalized root mean square error for both coils and all landmarks. The PNS model also produced plausible predictions of the stimulation sites when compared to the sites of perception reported by the subjects. CONCLUSION The PNS-optimization improved the PNS thresholds for the target scan landmark as well as most other studied landmarks, potentially yielding a significant improvement in image encoding performance that can be safely used in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Davids
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Livia Vendramini
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Valerie Klein
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Natalie Ferris
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bastien Guerin
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lawrence L. Wald
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, United States
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29
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Boo KJ, Kim DH, Cho E, Kim DH, Jeon SJ, Shin CY. Neonatal dysregulation of 2-arachidonoylglycerol induces impaired brain function in adult mice. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110045. [PMID: 38885736 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) regulates neurotransmission linked to synaptic plasticity, cognition, and emotion. While it has been demonstrated that dysregulation of the ECS in adulthood is relevant not only to central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, cognitive dysfunction, and depression but also to brain function, there are few studies on how dysregulation of the ECS in the neonatal period affects the manifestation and pathophysiology of CNS disorders later in life. In this study, DO34, a diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLα) inhibitor affecting endocannabinoid 2-AG production, was injected into C57BL/6N male mice from postnatal day (PND) 7 to PND 10, inducing dysregulation of the ECS in the neonatal period. Subsequently, we examined whether it affects neuronal function in adulthood through electrophysiological and behavioral evaluation. DO34-injected mice showed significantly decreased cognitive functions, attributed to impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity. The findings suggest that regulation of ECS activity in the neonatal period may induce enduring effects on adult brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Jun Boo
- School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbi Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Jin Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chan Young Shin
- School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Higa GSV, Viana FJC, Francis-Oliveira J, Cruvinel E, Franchin TS, Marcourakis T, Ulrich H, De Pasquale R. Serotonergic neuromodulation of synaptic plasticity. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110036. [PMID: 38876308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity constitutes a fundamental process in the reorganization of neural networks that underlie memory, cognition, emotional responses, and behavioral planning. At the core of this phenomenon lie Hebbian mechanisms, wherein frequent synaptic stimulation induces long-term potentiation (LTP), while less activation leads to long-term depression (LTD). The synaptic reorganization of neuronal networks is regulated by serotonin (5-HT), a neuromodulator capable of modify synaptic plasticity to appropriately respond to mental and behavioral states, such as alertness, attention, concentration, motivation, and mood. Lately, understanding the serotonergic Neuromodulation of synaptic plasticity has become imperative for unraveling its impact on cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions. Through a comparative analysis across three main forebrain structures-the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex, this review discusses the actions of 5-HT on synaptic plasticity, offering insights into its role as a neuromodulator involved in emotional and cognitive functions. By distinguishing between plastic and metaplastic effects, we provide a comprehensive overview about the mechanisms of 5-HT neuromodulation of synaptic plasticity and associated functions across different brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Shigueto Vilar Higa
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (USP), Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe José Costa Viana
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - José Francis-Oliveira
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Emily Cruvinel
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Thainá Soares Franchin
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Tania Marcourakis
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (USP), Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto De Pasquale
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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31
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Olson RJ, Bartlett L, Sonneborn A, Milton R, Bretton-Granatoor Z, Firdous A, Harris AZ, Abbas AI. Decoupling of cortical activity from behavioral state following administration of the classic psychedelic DOI. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110030. [PMID: 38851531 PMCID: PMC11260522 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Administration or consumption of classic psychedelics (CPs) leads to profound changes in experience which are often described as highly novel and meaningful. They have shown substantial promise in treating depressive symptoms and may be therapeutic in other situations. Although research suggests that the therapeutic response is correlated with the intensity of the experience, the neural circuit basis for the alterations in experience caused by CPs requires further study. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), where CPs have been shown to induce rapid, 5-HT2A receptor-dependent structural and neurophysiological changes, is believed to be a key site of action. To investigate the acute neural circuit changes induced by CPs, we recorded single neurons and local field potentials in the mPFC of freely behaving male mice after administration of the 5-HT2A/2C receptor-selective CP, 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI). We segregated recordings into active and rest periods in order to examine cortical activity during desynchronized (active) and synchronized (rest) states. We found that DOI induced a robust decrease in low frequency power when animals were at rest, attenuating the usual synchronization that occurs during less active behavioral states. DOI also increased broadband gamma power and suppressed activity in fast-spiking neurons in both active and rest periods. Together, these results suggest that the CP DOI induces persistent desynchronization in mPFC, including during rest when mPFC typically exhibits more synchronized activity. This shift in cortical dynamics may in part underlie the longer-lasting effects of CPs on plasticity, and may be critical to their therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall J Olson
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | - Lowell Bartlett
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | - Alex Sonneborn
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | - Russell Milton
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | | | - Ayesha Firdous
- Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10034, USA
| | - Alexander Z Harris
- Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10034, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10034, USA
| | - Atheir I Abbas
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR 97239, USA; VA Portland Health Care System, Portland OR, 97239, USA.
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Shadman J, Panahpour H, Alipour MR, Salimi A, Shahabi P, Azar SS. Investigating the therapeutic effects of nimodipine on vasogenic cerebral edema and blood-brain barrier impairment in an ischemic stroke rat model. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110054. [PMID: 38950691 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Vasogenic brain edema, a potentially life-threatening consequence following an acute ischemic stroke, is a major clinical problem. This research aims to explore the therapeutic benefits of nimodipine, a calcium channel blocker, in mitigating vasogenic cerebral edema and preserving blood-brain barrier (BBB) function in an ischemic stroke rat model. In this research, animals underwent the induction of ischemic stroke via a 60-min blockage of the middle cerebral artery and treated with a nonhypotensive dose of nimodipine (1 mg/kg/day) for a duration of five days. The wet/dry method was employed to identify cerebral edema, and the Evans blue dye extravasation technique was used to assess the permeability of the BBB. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining was utilized to assess the protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The study also examined mitochondrial function by evaluating mitochondrial swelling, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Post-stroke administration of nimodipine led to a significant decrease in cerebral edema and maintained the integrity of the BBB. The protective effects observed were associated with a reduction in cell apoptosis as well as decreased expression of MMP-9 and ICAM-1. Furthermore, nimodipine was observed to reduce mitochondrial swelling and ROS levels while simultaneously restoring MMP and SDH activity. These results suggest that nimodipine may reduce cerebral edema and BBB breakdown caused by ischemia/reperfusion. This effect is potentially mediated through the reduction of MMP-9 and ICAM-1 levels and the enhancement of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Shadman
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamdollah Panahpour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | | | - Ahmad Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Parviz Shahabi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saied Salimpour Azar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Davies-Jenkins CW, Zöllner HJ, Simicic D, Hui SCN, Song Y, Hupfeld KE, Prisciandaro JJ, Edden RA, Oeltzschner G. GABA-edited MEGA-PRESS at 3 T: Does a measured macromolecule background improve linear combination modeling? Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:1348-1362. [PMID: 38818623 PMCID: PMC11262975 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The J-difference edited γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signal is contaminated by other co-edited signals-the largest of which originates from co-edited macromolecules (MMs)-and is consequently often reported as "GABA+." MM signals are broader and less well-characterized than the metabolites, and are commonly approximated using a Gaussian model parameterization. Experimentally measured MM signals are a consensus-recommended alternative to parameterized modeling; however, they are relatively under-studied in the context of edited MRS. METHODS To address this limitation in the literature, we have acquired GABA-edited MEGA-PRESS data with pre-inversion to null metabolite signals in 13 healthy controls. An experimental MM basis function was derived from the mean across subjects. We further derived a new parameterization of the MM signals from the experimental data, using multiple Gaussians to accurately represent their observed asymmetry. The previous single-Gaussian parameterization, mean experimental MM spectrum and new multi-Gaussian parameterization were compared in a three-way analysis of a public MEGA-PRESS dataset of 61 healthy participants. RESULTS Both the experimental MMs and the multi-Gaussian parameterization exhibited reduced fit residuals compared to the single-Gaussian approach (p = 0.034 and p = 0.031, respectively), suggesting they better represent the underlying data than the single-Gaussian parameterization. Furthermore, both experimentally derived models estimated larger MM fractional contribution to the GABA+ signal for the experimental MMs (58%) and multi-Gaussian parameterization (58%), compared to the single-Gaussian approach (50%). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that single-Gaussian parameterization of edited MM signals is insufficient and that both experimentally derived GABA+ spectra and their parameterized replicas improve the modeling of GABA+ spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W. Davies-Jenkins
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helge J. Zöllner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dunja Simicic
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steve C. N. Hui
- Developing Brain Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Radiology, The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington D.C., USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Yulu Song
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen E. Hupfeld
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James J. Prisciandaro
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Richard A.E. Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Tong K, Zhang JW, Jing SQ, Zhao XY, Han J, Song YT, Yang L, Wu T, Hao JR, Sun N, Gao C. Up-regulating GABA transporter-3 in the zona incerta prevents surgery-induced memory impairment in mice. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110034. [PMID: 38878858 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Clinical surgery can lead to severe neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunctions. It has been reported that astrocytes mediate memory formation and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), however, the thalamic mechanism of astrocytes in mediating POCD remains unknown. Here, we report that reactive astrocytes in zona incerta (ZI) mediate surgery-induced recognition memory impairment in male mice. Immunostaining results showed that astrocytes are activated with GABA transporter-3 (GAT-3) being down-expressed, and neurons were suppressed in the ZI. Besides, our work revealed that reactive astrocytes caused increased tonic current in ZI neurons. Up-regulating the expression of GAT-3 in astrocytes ameliorates surgery-induced recognition memory impairment. Together, our work demonstrates that the reactive astrocytes in the ZI play a crucial role in surgery-induced memory impairment, which provides a new target for the treatment of surgery-induced neural dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Tong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China; Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Jing-Wei Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Si-Qi Jing
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Jie Han
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Yu-Tong Song
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Tong Wu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China; Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
| | - Jing-Ru Hao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Nan Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Can Gao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China; School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
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Kron NS, Fieber LA, Baker L, Campbell C, Schmale MC. Host response to Aplysia Abyssovirus 1 in nervous system and gill. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 159:105211. [PMID: 38885747 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The California sea hare (Aplysia californica) is a model for age associated cognitive decline. Recent researched identified a novel nidovirus, Aplysia Abyssovirus 1, with broad tropism enriched in the Aplysia nervous system. This virus is ubiquitous in wild and maricultured, young and old animals without obvious pathology. Here we re-evaluated gene expression data from several previous studies to investigate differential expression in the nervous system and gill in response to virus and aging as well as the mutational spectrum observed in the viral sequences obtained from these datasets. Viral load and age were highly correlated, indicating persistent infection. Upregulated genes in response to virus were enriched for immune genes and signatures of ER and proteostatic stress, while downregulated genes were enriched for mitochondrial metabolism. Differential expression with respect to age suggested increased iron accumulation and decreased glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, and proteasome function. Interaction of gene expression trends associated with viral infection and aging suggest that viral infection likely plays a role in aging in the Aplysia nervous system. Mutation analysis of viral RNA identified signatures suggesting ADAR and AID/APOBEC like deaminase act as part of Aplysia anti-viral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Kron
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL, 33149, USA.
| | - Lynne A Fieber
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL, 33149, USA
| | - Lydia Baker
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL, 33149, USA
| | | | - Michael C Schmale
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL, 33149, USA
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Hu Y, Badar IH, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Yang L, Kong B, Xu B. Advancements in production, assessment, and food applications of salty and saltiness-enhancing peptides: A review. Food Chem 2024; 453:139664. [PMID: 38761739 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Salt is important for food flavor, but excessive sodium intake leads to adverse health consequences. Thus, salty and saltiness-enhancing peptides are developed for sodium-reduction products. This review elucidates saltiness perception process and analyses correlation between the peptide structure and saltiness-enhancing ability. These peptides interact with taste receptors to produce saltiness perception, including ENaC, TRPV1, and TMC4. This review also outlines preparation, isolation, purification, characterization, screening, and assessment techniques of these peptides and discusses their potential applications. These peptides are from various sources and produced through enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial fermentation, or Millard reaction and then separated, purified, identified, and screened. Sensory evaluation, electronic tongue, bioelectronic tongue, and cell and animal models are the primary saltiness assessment approaches. These peptides can be used in sodium-reduction food products to produce "clean label" items, and the peptides with biological activity can also serve as functional ingredients, making them very promising for food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Yurun Meat Industry Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210041, China
| | - Iftikhar Hussain Badar
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Department of Meat Science and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Yurun Meat Industry Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210041, China
| | - Linwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Yurun Meat Industry Group Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210041, China
| | - Baohua Kong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Baocai Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
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He X, Wei X, Hou J, Tan W, Luo P. Application of real-time shear wave elastography to Achilles tendon hardness evaluation in older adults. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5922-5929. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i26.5922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to measure tissue stiffness by generating and tracking shear waves in real time. This advanced ultrasound-based method provides quantitative information regarding tissue elasticity, offering valuable insights into the mechanical properties of biological tissues. However, the application of real-time SWE in the musculoskeletal system and sports medicine has not been extensively studied.
AIM To explore the practical value of real-time SWE for assessing Achilles tendon hardness in older adults.
METHODS A total of 60 participants were enrolled in the present study, and differences in the elastic moduli of the bilateral Achilles tendons were compared among the following categories: (1) Age: 55-60, 60-65, and 65-70-years-old; (2) Sex: Male and female; (3) Laterality: Left and right sides; (4) Tendon state: Relaxed and tense state; and (5) Tendon segment: Proximal, middle, and distal.
RESULTS There were no significant differences in the elastic moduli of the bilateral Achilles tendons when comparing by age or sex (P > 0.05). There were, however, significant differences when comparing by tendon side, state, or segment (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Real-time SWE plays a significant role compared to other examination methods in the evaluation of Achilles tendon hardness in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan He
- Department of Functional Examination, Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Functional Examination, Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jia Hou
- Department of Functional Examination, Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Functional Examination, Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Functional Examination, Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Dellink A, Hebbrecht K, Zeeuws D, Baeken C, De Fré G, Bervoets C, De Witte S, Sabbe B, Morrens M, Coppens V. Continuous theta burst stimulation for bipolar depression: A multicenter, double-blind randomized controlled study exploring treatment efficacy and predictive potential of kynurenine metabolites. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:693-701. [PMID: 38936704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While theta burst stimulation (TBS) shows promise in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), its effectiveness in bipolar depression (BD-D) remains uncertain. Optimizing treatment parameters is crucial in the pursuit of rapid symptom relief. Moreover, aligning with personalized treatment strategies and increased interest in immunopsychiatry, biomarker-based stratification of patients most likely to benefit from TBS might improve remission rates. We investigated treatment effectiveness of continuous TBS (cTBS) compared to sham in BD-D, and assessed the capacity of plasma kynurenine pathway metabolites to predict treatment outcome. METHODS Thirty-seven patients with BD-D underwent accelerated active or sham cTBS treatment in a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Depressive symptoms were measured with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) before treatment (T0), 3-4 days posttreatment (T1) and 10-11 days posttreatment (T2). Plasma tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid concentrations were quantified with ELISA. Linear mixed models were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Although the total sample showed depressive symptom improvement, active cTBS did not demonstrate greater symptom alleviation compared to sham. However, higher baseline quinolinic acid significantly predicted symptom improvement in the active treatment group, not in sham-stimulated patients. LIMITATIONS The modest sample size limited the power to detect significant differences with regard to treatment effect. Also, the follow-up period was 10-11 days, whereas similar studies usually follow up for at least one month. CONCLUSION More research is required to optimize cTBS for BD-D and explore the involvement of quinolinic acid in treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Dellink
- Scientific Initiative of Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Centre Duffel, Duffel, Belgium; Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Kaat Hebbrecht
- Scientific Initiative of Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Centre Duffel, Duffel, Belgium; Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dieter Zeeuws
- Department of Psychiatry, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation Research Group (NEUR), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Psychiatry, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation Research Group (NEUR), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Chris Bervoets
- Department of Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara De Witte
- Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation Research Group (NEUR), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bernard Sabbe
- Scientific Initiative of Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Centre Duffel, Duffel, Belgium; Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Manuel Morrens
- Scientific Initiative of Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Centre Duffel, Duffel, Belgium; Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Violette Coppens
- Scientific Initiative of Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Centre Duffel, Duffel, Belgium; Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Gupta A, Vejapi M, Knezevic NN. The role of nitric oxide and neuroendocrine system in pain generation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 591:112270. [PMID: 38750811 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated a complex interplay between the nitric oxide (NO) pain signaling pathways and hormonal signaling pathways in the body. This article delineates the role of nitric oxide signaling in neuropathic and inflammatory pain generation and subsequently discusses how the neuroendocrine system is involved in pain generation. Hormonal systems including the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA) generation of cortisol, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, calcitonin, melatonin, and sex hormones could potentially contribute to the generation of nitric oxide involved in the sensation of pain. Further research is necessary to clarify this relationship and may reveal therapeutic targets involving NO signaling that alleviate neuropathic and inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayush Gupta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, USA
| | - Maja Vejapi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nebojsa Nick Knezevic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Liddell BJ, Das P, Malhi GS, Jobson L, Lau W, Felmingham KL, Nickerson A, Askovic M, Aroche J, Coello M, Bryant RA. Self-construal modulates default mode network connectivity in refugees with PTSD. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:268-276. [PMID: 38866252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While self-construal and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are independently associated with altered self-referential processes and underlying default mode network (DMN) functioning, no study has examined how self-construal affects DMN connectivity in PTSD. METHODS A final sample of 93 refugee participants (48 with DSM-5 PTSD or sub-syndromal PTSD and 45 matched trauma-exposed controls) completed a 5-minute resting state fMRI scan to enable the observation of connectivity in the DMN and other core networks. A self-construal index was calculated by substracting scores on the collectivistic and individualistic sub-scales of the Self Construal Scale. RESULTS Independent components analysis identified 9 active networks-of-interest, and functional network connectivity was determined. A significant interaction effect between PTSD and self-construal index was observed in the anterior ventromedial DMN, with spatial maps localizing this to the left ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), extending to the ventral anterior cingulate cortex. This effect revealed that connectivity in the vMPFC showed greater reductions in those with PTSD with higher levels of collectivistic self-construal. LIMITATIONS This is an observational study and causality cannot be assumed. The specialized sample of refugees means that the findings may not generalize to other trauma-exposed populations. CONCLUSIONS Such a finding indicates that self-construal may shape the core neural architecture of PTSD, given that functional disruptions to the vmPFC underpin the core mechanisms of extinction learning, emotion dysregulation and self-referential processing in PTSD. Results have important implications for understanding the universality of neural disturbances in PTSD, and suggest that self-construal could be an important consideration in the assessment and treatment of post-traumatic stress reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Liddell
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Australia; School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
| | - Pritha Das
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Australia; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Northern Sydney Local Health District, CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Gin S Malhi
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, Northern Sydney Local Health District, CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Northern Clinical School, Department of Psychiatry, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Winnie Lau
- Phoenix Australia, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kim L Felmingham
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Mirjana Askovic
- NSW Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors (STARTTS), Sydney, Australia
| | - Jorge Aroche
- NSW Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors (STARTTS), Sydney, Australia
| | - Mariano Coello
- NSW Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors (STARTTS), Sydney, Australia
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Darling AM, Young BE, Skow RJ, Dominguez CM, Saunders EFH, Fadel PJ, Greaney JL. Sympathetic and blood pressure reactivity in young adults with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:322-332. [PMID: 38897296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sympathetic and blood pressure (BP) hyper-reactivity to stress may contribute to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD); however, whether this is evident in young adults with MDD without comorbid disease remains unclear. We hypothesized that acute stress-induced increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and BP would be exaggerated in young adults with MDD compared to healthy non-depressed young adults (HA) and that, in adults with MDD, greater symptom severity would be positively related to MSNA and BP reactivity. METHODS In 28 HA (17 female) and 39 young adults with MDD of mild-to-moderate severity (unmedicated; 31 female), MSNA (microneurography) and beat-to-beat BP (finger photoplethysmography) were measured at rest and during the cold pressor test (CPT) and Stroop color word test (SCWT). RESULTS There were no group differences in resting MSNA (p = 0.24). Neither MSNA nor BP reactivity to either the CPT [MSNA: ∆24 ± 10 HA vs. ∆21 ± 11 bursts/min MDD, p = 0.67; mean arterial pressure (MAP): ∆22 ± 7 HA vs. ∆21 ± 10 mmHg MDD, p = 0.46)] or the SCWT (MSNA: ∆-4 ± 6 HA vs. ∆-5 ± 8 bursts/min MDD, p = 0.99; MAP: ∆7 ± 8 HA vs ∆9 ± 5 mmHg MDD; p = 0.82) were different between groups. In adults with MDD, symptom severity predicted MAP reactivity to the CPT (β = 0.78, SE = 0.26, p = 0.006), but not MSNA (p = 0.42). LIMITATIONS The mild-to-moderate symptom severity reflects only part of the MDD spectrum. CONCLUSIONS Neither sympathetic nor BP stress reactivity are exaggerated in young adults with MDD; however, greater symptom severity may amplify BP reactivity to stress, thereby increasing CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Darling
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America
| | - Benjamin E Young
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America; Department of Applied Clinical Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Rachel J Skow
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America
| | - Cynthia M Dominguez
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, United States of America
| | - Erika F H Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Paul J Fadel
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America
| | - Jody L Greaney
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America; Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America.
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Qiu H, Zhang L, Gao Y, Zhou Z, Li H, Cao L, Wang Y, Hu X, Liang K, Tang M, Kuang W, Huang X, Gong Q. Functional connectivity of the default mode network in first-episode drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:489-496. [PMID: 38901692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the default mode network (DMN) have been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD), well-replicated robust alterations of functional connectivity (FC) of DMN remain to be established. Investigating the functional connections of DMN at the overall and subsystem level in early MDD patients has the potential to advance our understanding of the physiopathology of this disorder. METHODS We recruited 115 first-episode drug-naïve patients with MDD and 137 demographic-matched healthy controls (HCs). We first compared FC within the DMN, within/between the DMN subsystems, and from DMN subsystems to the whole brain between groups. Subsequently, we explored correlations between clinical features and identified alterations in FC. RESULTS First-episode drug-naïve patients with MDD showed significantly increased FC within the DMN, dorsal DMN and medial DMN. Each subsystem showed a distinct FC pattern with other brain networks. Increased FC between the subsystems (core DMN, dorsal DMN) and other networks was associated with more severe depressive symptoms, while medial DMN-related connectivity correlated with memory performance. LIMITATIONS The relatively large "pure" MDD sample could only be generalized to a limited population. And, atypical asymmetric FCs in the DMN related to MDD might be missed for only left-lateralized ROIs were used to avoid strong correlations between mirrored (right/left) seed regions. CONCLUSION These findings suggest patients with early MDD showed distinct patterns of FC alterations throughout DMN and its subsystems, which were related to illness severity and illness-associated cognitive impairment, highlighting their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqing Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingxue Gao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zilin Zhou
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Cao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaili Liang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyue Tang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Chen J, Liu Y, Song Y, Liang H, Zhu G, Zhang B, Liao L, Luo J, Yang M, Su D. Neuro-stimulating effect of Citri Reticulata Pericarpium Viride essential oil through regulating Glu/NMDAR on olfactory bulb to improve anxiety-like behavior. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118332. [PMID: 38735421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Citri Reticulata Pericarpium Viride (also known Qing-Pi or QP) is a plant in the Rutaceae family, QP is a traditional Qi-regulating medicine in Chinese medicine that is compatible with other Chinese medicine components and has extensive clinical practice in treating anxiety and depression. Reports on the pharmacological effects of QP have demonstrated its neuroprotective effects and antioxidant capacities. Numerous pharmacological benefits of QP are attributed to its antioxidant abilities. Anxiety disorders are a broadly defined category of mental illnesses. Oxidative stress and an imbalance in the antioxidant defense system are typical pathological features of these disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of QP essential oil on anxiety using animal models and investigate the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study aimed to develop an animal model of anxiety using chronic restraint stress and investigate the effects of inhalation of Citri Reticulata Pericarpium Viride essential oil on anxiety-like behavior, olfactory function, and olfactory bulb neurogenesis in mice with anxiety. RESULTS The results showed that long-term chronic restraint stimulation caused a decrease in olfactory function, significant anxiety-like behavior, and a notable reduction in the number of neurons in the olfactory bulb. However, inhalation of Citri Reticulata Pericarpium Viride essential oil reversed these effects, improving the olfactory function, neuro-stimulating effect, alleviating anxiety-like behavior, and regulating theta (4-12Hz) oscillation in the hippocampus DG area. These effects were associated with changes in the expression levels of glutamate receptor NMDAR and NeuN in olfactory bulb. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed that mice with anxiety induced by chronic restraint stress exhibited significant olfactory dysfunction, providing strong evidence for the causal relationship between anxiety disorders and olfactory dysfunction. Moreover, QP essential oil has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic drug for anxiety disorders, in addition to its role as a complementary anxiolytic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Evaluation of the Efficacy and Quality of Anti-inflammatory Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation, Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Medical College, 1689 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yonggui Song
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Huihui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Genhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bike Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Liangliang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China; Jiangxi Guxiang Jinyun Comprehensive Health Industry Co., Ltd., Nanchang, China
| | - Dan Su
- Key Laboratory of Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy (Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Mental Disorders), Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Ricci A, Rubino E, Serra GP, Wallén-Mackenzie Å. Concerning neuromodulation as treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorder: Insights gained from selective targeting of the subthalamic nucleus, para-subthalamic nucleus and zona incerta in rodents. Neuropharmacology 2024; 256:110003. [PMID: 38789078 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Neuromodulation such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) is advancing as a clinical intervention in several neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, dystonia, tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for which DBS is already applied to alleviate severely afflicted individuals of symptoms. Tourette syndrome and drug addiction are two additional disorders for which DBS is in trial or proposed as treatment. However, some major remaining obstacles prevent this intervention from reaching its full therapeutic potential. Side-effects have been reported, and not all DBS-treated individuals are relieved of their symptoms. One major target area for DBS electrodes is the subthalamic nucleus (STN) which plays important roles in motor, affective and associative functions, with impact on for example movement, motivation, impulsivity, compulsivity, as well as both reward and aversion. The multifunctionality of the STN is complex. Decoding the anatomical-functional organization of the STN could enhance strategic targeting in human patients. The STN is located in close proximity to zona incerta (ZI) and the para-subthalamic nucleus (pSTN). Together, the STN, pSTN and ZI form a highly heterogeneous and clinically important brain area. Rodent-based experimental studies, including opto- and chemogenetics as well as viral-genetic tract tracings, provide unique insight into complex neuronal circuitries and their impact on behavior with high spatial and temporal precision. This research field has advanced tremendously over the past few years. Here, we provide an inclusive review of current literature in the pre-clinical research fields centered around STN, pSTN and ZI in laboratory mice and rats; the three highly heterogeneous and enigmatic structures brought together in the context of relevance for treatment strategies. Specific emphasis is placed on methods of manipulation and behavioral impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ricci
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Eleonora Rubino
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Gian Pietro Serra
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Åsa Wallén-Mackenzie
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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Esaki H, Izumi S, Nishikawa K, Nagayasu K, Kaneko S, Nishitani N, Deyama S, Kaneda K. Role of medial prefrontal cortex voltage-dependent potassium 4.3 channels in nicotine-induced enhancement of object recognition memory in male mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176790. [PMID: 38942263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Nicotine has been shown to enhance object recognition memory in the novel object recognition (NOR) test by activating excitatory neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). However, the exact neuronal mechanisms underlying the nicotine-induced activation of mPFC neurons and the resultant memory enhancement remain poorly understood. To address this issue, we performed brain-slice electrophysiology and the NOR test in male C57BL/6J mice. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from layer V pyramidal neurons in the mPFC revealed that nicotine augments the summation of evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (eEPSPs) and that this effect was suppressed by N-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-N'-[2,4-dibromo-6-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]urea (NS5806), a voltage-dependent potassium (Kv) 4.3 channel activator. In line with these findings, intra-mPFC infusion of NS5806 suppressed systemically administered nicotine-induced memory enhancement in the NOR test. Additionally, miRNA-mediated knockdown of Kv4.3 channels in mPFC pyramidal neurons enhanced object recognition memory. Furthermore, inhibition of A-type Kv channels by intra-mPFC infusion of 4-aminopyridine was found to enhance object recognition memory, while this effect was abrogated by prior intra-mPFC NS5806 infusion. These results suggest that nicotine augments the summation of eEPSPs via the inhibition of Kv4.3 channels in mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons, resulting in the enhancement of object recognition memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Esaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shoma Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nishikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nagayasu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shuji Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Naoya Nishitani
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Deyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kaneda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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Fenerci C, Setton R, Baracchini G, Snytte J, Spreng RN, Sheldon S. Lifespan differences in hippocampal subregion connectivity patterns during movie watching. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 141:182-193. [PMID: 38968875 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Age-related episodic memory decline is attributed to functional alternations in the hippocampus. Less clear is how aging affects the functional connections of the hippocampus to the rest of the brain during episodic memory processing. We examined fMRI data from the CamCAN dataset, in which a large cohort of participants watched a movie (N = 643; 18-88 years), a proxy for naturalistic episodic memory encoding. We examined connectivity profiles across the lifespan both within the hippocampus (anterior, posterior), and between the hippocampal subregions and cortical networks. Aging was associated with reductions in contralateral (left, right) but not ipsilateral (anterior, posterior) hippocampal subregion connectivity. Aging was primarily associated with increased coupling between the anterior hippocampus and regions affiliated with Control, Dorsal Attention and Default Mode networks, yet decreased coupling between the posterior hippocampus and a selection of these regions. Differences in age-related hippocampal-cortical, but not within-hippocampus circuitry selectively predicted worse memory performance. Our findings comprehensively characterize hippocampal functional topography in relation to cognition in older age, suggesting that shifts in cortico-hippocampal connectivity may be sensitive markers of age-related episodic memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Fenerci
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Roni Setton
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Baracchini
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jamie Snytte
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - R Nathan Spreng
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Signy Sheldon
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Gambosi B, Jamal Sheiban F, Biasizzo M, Antonietti A, D'angelo E, Mazzoni A, Pedrocchi A. A Model with Dopamine Depletion in Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum Predicts Changes in Thalamocortical Beta Oscillations. Int J Neural Syst 2024; 34:2450045. [PMID: 38886870 DOI: 10.1142/s012906572450045x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Parkinsonism is presented as a motor syndrome characterized by rigidity, tremors, and bradykinesia, with Parkinson's disease (PD) being the predominant cause. The discovery that those motor symptoms result from the death of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra led to focus most of parkinsonism research on the basal ganglia (BG). However, recent findings point to an active involvement of the cerebellum in this motor syndrome. Here, we have developed a multiscale computational model of the rodent brain's BG-cerebellar network. Simulations showed that a direct effect of dopamine depletion on the cerebellum must be taken into account to reproduce the alterations of neural activity in parkinsonism, particularly the increased beta oscillations widely reported in PD patients. Moreover, dopamine depletion indirectly impacted spike-time-dependent plasticity at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses, degrading associative motor learning as observed in parkinsonism. Overall, these results suggest a relevant involvement of cerebellum in parkinsonism associative motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Gambosi
- NearLab, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Jamal Sheiban
- NearLab, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Biasizzo
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering (DIE), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Antonietti
- NearLab, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Egidio D'angelo
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Digital Neuroscience Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Mazzoni
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pedrocchi
- NearLab, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Huang Y, Qing R, Yang Y, Li M, Gao J. Sex and Age Differences in Ontogeny of Alloparenting: A Relation to Forebrain DRD1, DRD2, and HTR2A mRNA Expression? Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22524. [PMID: 38973227 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Alloparenting refers to the practice of caring for the young by individuals other than their biological parents. The relationship between the dynamic changes in psychological functions underlying alloparenting and the development of specific neuroreceptors remains unclear. Using a classic 10-day pup sensitization procedure, together with a pup preference and pup retrieval test on the EPM (elevated plus maze), we showed that both male and female adolescent rats (24 days old) had significantly shorter latency than adult rats (65 days old) to be alloparental, and their motivation levels for pups and objects were also significantly higher. In contrast, adult rats retrieved more pups than adolescent rats even though they appeared to be more anxious on the EPM. Analysis of mRNA expression using real-time-PCR revealed a higher dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) receptor expression in adult hippocampus, amygdala, and ventral striatum, along with higher dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) receptor expression in ventral striatum compared to adolescent rats. Adult rats also showed significantly higher levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A) receptor expression in the medial prefrontal cortex, amygdala, ventral striatum, and hypothalamus. These results suggest that the faster onset of alloparenting in adolescent rats compared to adult rats, along with the psychological functions involved, may be mediated by varying levels of dopamine DRD1, DRD2, and HTR2A in different forebrain regions.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Male
- Rats
- Female
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics
- Prosencephalon/metabolism
- Empathy/physiology
- Age Factors
- Sex Characteristics
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Behavior, Animal/physiology
- Amygdala/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Huang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruoting Qing
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
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Lewis CM, Hoffmann A, Helmchen F. Linking brain activity across scales with simultaneous opto- and electrophysiology. NEUROPHOTONICS 2024; 11:033403. [PMID: 37662552 PMCID: PMC10472193 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.11.3.033403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The brain enables adaptive behavior via the dynamic coordination of diverse neuronal signals across spatial and temporal scales: from fast action potential patterns in microcircuits to slower patterns of distributed activity in brain-wide networks. Understanding principles of multiscale dynamics requires simultaneous monitoring of signals in multiple, distributed network nodes. Combining optical and electrical recordings of brain activity is promising for collecting data across multiple scales and can reveal aspects of coordinated dynamics invisible to standard, single-modality approaches. We review recent progress in combining opto- and electrophysiology, focusing on mouse studies that shed new light on the function of single neurons by embedding their activity in the context of brain-wide activity patterns. Optical and electrical readouts can be tailored to desired scales to tackle specific questions. For example, fast dynamics in single cells or local populations recorded with multi-electrode arrays can be related to simultaneously acquired optical signals that report activity in specified subpopulations of neurons, in non-neuronal cells, or in neuromodulatory pathways. Conversely, two-photon imaging can be used to densely monitor activity in local circuits while sampling electrical activity in distant brain areas at the same time. The refinement of combined approaches will continue to reveal previously inaccessible and under-appreciated aspects of coordinated brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Hoffmann
- University of Zurich, Brain Research Institute, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fritjof Helmchen
- University of Zurich, Brain Research Institute, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, University Research Priority Program, Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning, Zurich, Switzerland
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50
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Alemu RZ, Gorodensky J, Gill S, Cushing SL, Papsin BC, Gordon KA. Binaural responses to a speech syllable are altered in children with hearing loss: Evidence from the frequency-following response. Hear Res 2024; 450:109068. [PMID: 38936172 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.109068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & RATIONALE In prior work using non-speech stimuli, children with hearing loss show impaired perception of binaural cues and no significant change in cortical responses to bilateral versus unilateral stimulation. Aims of the present study were to: 1) identify bilateral responses to envelope and spectral components of a speech syllable using the frequency-following response (FFR), 2) determine if abnormalities in the bilateral FFR occur in children with hearing loss, and 3) assess functional consequences of abnormal bilateral FFR responses on perception of binaural timing cues. METHODS A single-syllable speech stimulus (/dα/) was presented to each ear individually and bilaterally. Participants were 9 children with normal hearing (MAge = 12.1 ± 2.5 years) and 6 children with bilateral hearing loss who were experienced bilateral hearing aid users (MAge = 14.0 ± 2.6 years). FFR temporal and spectral peak amplitudes were compared between listening conditions and groups using linear mixed model regression analyses. Behavioral sensitivity to binaural cues were measured by lateralization responses as coming from the right or left side of the head. RESULTS Both temporal and spectral peaks in FFR responses increased in amplitude in the bilateral compared to unilateral listening conditions in children with normal hearing. These measures of "bilateral advantage" were reduced in the group of children with bilateral hearing loss and associated with decreased sensitivity to interaural timing differences. CONCLUSION This study is the first to show that bilateral responses in both temporal and spectral domains can be measured in children using the FFR and is altered in children with hearing loss with consequences to binaural hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Z Alemu
- Archie's Cochlear Implant Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Gorodensky
- Archie's Cochlear Implant Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Gill
- Archie's Cochlear Implant Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S L Cushing
- Archie's Cochlear Implant Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B C Papsin
- Archie's Cochlear Implant Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K A Gordon
- Archie's Cochlear Implant Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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