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Zhang G, Yao Q, Long C, Yi P, Song J, Wu L, Wan W, Rao X, Lin Y, Wei G, Ying J, Hua F. Infiltration by monocytes of the central nervous system and its role in multiple sclerosis: reflections on therapeutic strategies. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:779-793. [PMID: 38886942 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mononuclear macrophage infiltration in the central nervous system is a prominent feature of neuroinflammation. Recent studies on the pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis have highlighted the multiple roles of mononuclear macrophages in the neuroinflammatory process. Monocytes play a significant role in neuroinflammation, and managing neuroinflammation by manipulating peripheral monocytes stands out as an effective strategy for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, leading to improved patient outcomes. This review outlines the steps involved in the entry of myeloid monocytes into the central nervous system that are targets for effective intervention: the activation of bone marrow hematopoiesis, migration of monocytes in the blood, and penetration of the blood-brain barrier by monocytes. Finally, we summarize the different monocyte subpopulations and their effects on the central nervous system based on phenotypic differences. As activated microglia resemble monocyte-derived macrophages, it is important to accurately identify the role of monocyte-derived macrophages in disease. Depending on the roles played by monocyte-derived macrophages at different stages of the disease, several of these processes can be interrupted to limit neuroinflammation and improve patient prognosis. Here, we discuss possible strategies to target monocytes in neurological diseases, focusing on three key aspects of monocyte infiltration into the central nervous system, to provide new ideas for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chubing Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Pengcheng Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jiali Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Luojia Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiuqin Rao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Gen Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Pabon A, Bhupana JN, Wong CO. Crosstalk between degradation and bioenergetics: how autophagy and endolysosomal processes regulate energy production. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:671-681. [PMID: 38886933 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-02095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to changes in nutrient availability, cellular activity, and transitions in cell states. The balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is crucial for energy production, and metabolic reprogramming stipulates a shift in such balance to optimize both bioenergetic efficiency and anabolic requirements. Failure in switching bioenergetic dependence can lead to maladaptation and pathogenesis. While cellular degradation is known to recycle precursor molecules for anabolism, its potential role in regulating energy production remains less explored. The bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration involves transcription factors and organelle homeostasis, which are both regulated by the cellular degradation pathways. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that both stem cells and differentiated cells exhibit bioenergetic switch upon perturbations of autophagic activity or endolysosomal processes. Here, we highlighted the current understanding of the interplay between degradation processes, specifically autophagy and endolysosomes, transcription factors, endolysosomal signaling, and mitochondrial homeostasis in shaping cellular bioenergetics. This review aims to summarize the relationship between degradation processes and bioenergetics, providing a foundation for future research to unveil deeper mechanistic insights into bioenergetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelid Pabon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
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3
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Wu B, Liu Y, Li H, Zhu L, Zeng L, Zhang Z, Peng W. Liver as a new target organ in Alzheimer's disease: insight from cholesterol metabolism and its role in amyloid-beta clearance. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:695-714. [PMID: 38886936 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, the primary cause of dementia, is characterized by neuropathologies, such as amyloid plaques, synaptic and neuronal degeneration, and neurofibrillary tangles. Although amyloid plaques are the primary characteristic of Alzheimer's disease in the central nervous system and peripheral organs, targeting amyloid-beta clearance in the central nervous system has shown limited clinical efficacy in Alzheimer's disease treatment. Metabolic abnormalities are commonly observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The liver is the primary peripheral organ involved in amyloid-beta metabolism, playing a crucial role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Notably, impaired cholesterol metabolism in the liver may exacerbate the development of Alzheimer's disease. In this review, we explore the underlying causes of Alzheimer's disease and elucidate the role of the liver in amyloid-beta clearance and cholesterol metabolism. Furthermore, we propose that restoring normal cholesterol metabolism in the liver could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lingfeng Zeng
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Yangsheng College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Qinhuangdao Shanhaiguan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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4
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Wang Z, Zhang H, Xiong Y, Zhang L, Cui J, Li G, Du C, Wen K. Remediation mechanism of high concentrations of multiple heavy metals in contaminated soil by Sedum alfredii and native microorganisms. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 147:179-188. [PMID: 39003038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Pollution accident of nonferrous metallurgy industry often lead to serious heavy metal pollution of the surrounding soil. Phytoremediation of contaminated soil is an environmental and sustainable technology, and soil native microorganisms in the process of phytoremediation also participate in the remediation of heavy metals. However, the effects of high concentrations of multiple heavy metals (HCMHMs) on plants and native soil microorganisms remain uncertain. Thus, further clarification of the mechanism of phytoremediation of HCMHMs soil by plants and native soil microorganisms is required. Using the plant Sedum alfredii (S. alfredii) to restore HCMHM-contaminated soil, we further explored the mechanism of S. alfredii and native soil microorganisms in the remediation of HCMHM soils. The results showed that (i) S. alfredii can promote heavy metals from non-rhizosphere soil to rhizosphere soil, which is conducive to the effect of plants on heavy metals. In addition, it can also enrich the absorbed heavy metals in its roots and leaves; (ii) native soil bacteria can increase the abundance of signal molecule-synthesizing enzymes, such as trpE, trpG, bjaI, rpfF, ACSL, and yidC, and promote the expression of the pathway that converts serine to cysteine, then synthesize substances to chelate heavy metals. In addition, we speculated that genes such as K19703, K07891, K09711, K19703, K07891, and K09711 in native bacteria may be involved in the stabilization or absorption of heavy metals. The results provide scientific basis for S. alfredii to remediate heavy metals contaminated soils, and confirm the potential of phytoremediation of HCMHM contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Ying Xiong
- Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lieyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jianglong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Caili Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Kaiyang Wen
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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Hu Z, Yang J, Zhang S, Li M, Zuo C, Mao C, Zhang Z, Tang M, Shi C, Xu Y. AAV mediated carboxyl terminus of Hsp70 interacting protein overexpression mitigates the cognitive and pathological phenotypes of APP/PS1 mice. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:253-264. [PMID: 38767490 PMCID: PMC11246129 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202501000-00033/figure1/v/2024-05-14T021156Z/r/image-tiff The E3 ubiquitin ligase, carboxyl terminus of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) interacting protein (CHIP), also functions as a co-chaperone and plays a crucial role in the protein quality control system. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of overexpressed CHIP on Alzheimer's disease. We used an adeno-associated virus vector that can cross the blood-brain barrier to mediate CHIP overexpression in APP/PS1 mouse brain. CHIP overexpression significantly ameliorated the performance of APP/PS1 mice in the Morris water maze and nest building tests, reduced amyloid-β plaques, and decreased the expression of both amyloid-β and phosphorylated tau. CHIP also alleviated the concentration of microglia and astrocytes around plaques. In APP/PS1 mice of a younger age, CHIP overexpression promoted an increase in ADAM10 expression and inhibited β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1, insulin degrading enzyme, and neprilysin expression. Levels of HSP70 and HSP40, which have functional relevance to CHIP, were also increased. Single nuclei transcriptome sequencing in the hippocampus of CHIP overexpressed mice showed that the lysosomal pathway and oligodendrocyte-related biological processes were up-regulated, which may also reflect a potential mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of CHIP. Our research shows that CHIP effectively reduces the behavior and pathological manifestations of APP/PS1 mice. Indeed, overexpression of CHIP could be a beneficial approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chunyan Zuo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chengyuan Mao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhongxian Zhang
- Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Mibo Tang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Changhe Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Du Q, Zhang M, Gao A, He T, Guo M. Epigenetic silencing ZSCAN23 promotes pancreatic cancer growth by activating Wnt signaling. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2302924. [PMID: 38226836 PMCID: PMC10793710 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2302924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most malignant tumor. Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing protein 23 (ZSCAN23) is a new member of the SCAN domain family. The expression regulation and biological function remain to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the epigenetic regulation and the function of ZSCAN23 in PDAC. ZSCAN23 was methylated in 60.21% (171/284) of PDAC and its expression was regulated by promoter region methylation. The expression of ZSCAN23 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis and G1/S phase arrest. ZSCAN23 suppressed Panc10.05 cell xenograft growth in mice. Mechanistically, ZSCAN23 inhibited Wnt signaling by interacting with myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in pancreatic cancer cells. ZSCAN23 is frequently methylated in PDAC and may serve as a detective marker. ZSCAN23 suppresses PDAC cell growth both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiai Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Pathology, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Ren F, Yang M, Liu G, Qi Y, Li A, Li J, Zheng L. SIRT5-mediated PRKAA2 succinylation ameliorates apoptosis of human placental trophoblasts in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2358030. [PMID: 38785262 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2358030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) is a serious clinical disorder syndrome during pregnancy. This study aims at finding novel targets for HDCP therapy. METHODS HDCP-related mRNAs were firstly screened out and subjected to gene enrichment analysis. We chose protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 (PRKAA2) as the research object. Thirty-nine HDCP patients at 32 to 40 weeks of gestation were selected as the HDCP group, and 39 normal controls who received cesarean section delivery at 37-42 weeks of pregnancy were enrolled in this study. Chorionic villi samples were collected within 30 min of delivery. The apoptosis of isolated placental trophoblasts was monitored to investigate the regulatory role of PRKAA2. RESULTS PRKAA2 expression was further proven to be enhanced in the placental tissues of HDCP patients compared with that of normal puerpera. Subsequently, the results of flow cytometry analysis and western blot indicated that PRKAA2 overexpression accelerated primary placental cell apoptosis, while its knockdown attenuated cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, we determined that the level of PRKAA2 succinylation was elevated in the placental tissue of HDCP patients. Through in vitro succinylation assay and mutagenesis, we confirmed that sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) interacts with PRKAA2 at K69 and K260 to induce PRKAA2 desuccinylation. SIRT5 regulated primary HDCP cell apoptosis through PRKAA2. Finally, the animal study revealed that PRKAA2 elevates the systolic blood pressure of HDCP rat model. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that SIRT5-mediated PRKAA2 succinylation modulates placental cell apoptosis in HDCP, suggesting that PRKAA2 is a potential therapeutic target for HDCP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Ren
- Department of Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Guangman Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuyan Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Aijie Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lili Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
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Dang X, Chen X, Liang Z, Dai Z, Ding W, Song J, Fu J. P4HA2 promotes tumor progression and is transcriptionally regulated by SP1 in colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2361594. [PMID: 38857058 PMCID: PMC11168210 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2361594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
P4HA2 has been implicated in various malignant tumors; however, its expression and functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain poorly elucidated. This study aims to investigate the involvement of P4HA2 in CRC metastasis and progression, uncovering the underlying mechanisms. In colorectal cancer (CRC), P4HA2 exhibited overexpression, and elevated levels of P4HA2 expression were associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Functional assays demonstrated P4HA2's regulation of cell proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, the AGO1 expression was correlated with P4HA2, and depletion of AGO1 reversed the proliferation and EMT function induced by P4HA2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assays suggested that the transcription factor SP1 binds to the promoter sequence of P4HA2, activating its expression in CRC. This study unveiled SP1 as a transcriptional regulator of P4HA2 in CRC and AGO1 is a probable target of P4HA2. In conclusion, P4HA2 emerges as a potential prognostic biomarker and promising therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Dang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglin Liang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhujiang Dai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinglue Song
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Fu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China
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Nath P, Alfarsi LH, El-Ansari R, Masisi BK, Erkan B, Fakroun A, Ellis IO, Rakha EA, Green AR. The amino acid transporter SLC7A11 expression in breast cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2291855. [PMID: 38073087 PMCID: PMC10761065 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2291855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), characterized by its diverse molecular profiles and clinical outcomes, presents a significant challenge in the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Metabolic reprogramming, a defining characteristic of cancer, has emerged as a promising target for novel therapies. SLC7A11, an amino acid transporter that facilitates cysteine uptake in exchange for glutamate, plays a crucial role in sustaining the altered metabolism of cancer cells. This study delves into the comprehensive analysis of SLC7A11 at the genomic, transcriptomic, and protein levels in extensive BC datasets to elucidate its potential role in different BC subtypes. SLC7A11 gene copy number and mRNA expression were evaluated using the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) cohort (n = 1,980) and Breast Cancer Gene Expression Miner (n = 4,712). SLC7A11 protein was assessed using immunohistochemistry in a large BC cohort (n = 1,981). Additionally, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used to explore SLC7A11 DNA methylation patterns using MethSurv (n = 782) and association of SLC7A11 mRNA expression with immune infiltrates using TIMER (n = 1,100). High SLC7A11 mRNA and SLC7A11 protein expression were significantly associated with high tumor grade (p ≤ .02), indicating a potential role in cancer progression. Interestingly, SLC7A11 copy number gain was observed in HER2+ tumors (p = .01), suggesting a subtype-specific association. In contrast, SLC7A11 mRNA expression was higher in the basal-like/triple-negative (TN; p < .001) and luminal B tumors (p = .02), highlighting its differential expression across BC subtypes. Notably, high SLC7A11 protein expression was predominantly observed in Estrogen Receptor (ER)-negative and Triple Negative (TN) BC, suggesting a role in these aggressive subtypes. Further analysis revealed that SLC7A11 was positively correlated with other amino acid transporters and enzymes associated with glutamine metabolism, implying a coordinated role in metabolic regulation. Additionally, SLC7A11 gene expression was positively associated with neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, suggesting a potential link between SLC7A11 and tumor immunity. Our findings suggest that SLC7A11 plays a significant role in BC metabolism, demonstrating differential expression across subtypes and associations with poor patient outcomes. Further functional studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which SLC7A11 contributes to BC progression and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preyanka Nath
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lutfi H. Alfarsi
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rokaya El-Ansari
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Brendah K. Masisi
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Busra Erkan
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ali Fakroun
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian O. Ellis
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
- Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad A. Rakha
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
- Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew R. Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
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10
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Sanjuan-Badillo A, P. Martínez-Castilla L, García-Sandoval R, Ballester P, Ferrándiz C, Sanchez MDLP, García-Ponce B, Garay-Arroyo A, R. Álvarez-Buylla E. HDACs MADS-domain protein interaction: a case study of HDA15 and XAL1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2353536. [PMID: 38771929 PMCID: PMC11110687 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2353536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Cellular behavior, cell differentiation and ontogenetic development in eukaryotes result from complex interactions between epigenetic and classic molecular genetic mechanisms, with many of these interactions still to be elucidated. Histone deacetylase enzymes (HDACs) promote the interaction of histones with DNA by compacting the nucleosome, thus causing transcriptional repression. MADS-domain transcription factors are highly conserved in eukaryotes and participate in controlling diverse developmental processes in animals and plants, as well as regulating stress responses in plants. In this work, we focused on finding out putative interactions of Arabidopsis thaliana HDACs and MADS-domain proteins using an evolutionary perspective combined with bioinformatics analyses and testing the more promising predicted interactions through classic molecular biology tools. Through bioinformatic analyses, we found similarities between HDACs proteins from different organisms, which allowed us to predict a putative protein-protein interaction between the Arabidopsis thaliana deacetylase HDA15 and the MADS-domain protein XAANTAL1 (XAL1). The results of two-hybrid and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation analysis demonstrated in vitro and in vivo HDA15-XAL1 interaction in the nucleus. Likely, this interaction might regulate developmental processes in plants as is the case for this type of interaction in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sanjuan-Badillo
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - León P. Martínez-Castilla
- Investigadoras e Investigadores por México, Grupo de Genómica y Dinámica Evolutiva de Microorganismos Emergentes, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Patricia Ballester
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-UPV Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - Cristina Ferrándiz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-UPV Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - Maria de la Paz Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Berenice García-Ponce
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Adriana Garay-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Elena R. Álvarez-Buylla
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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11
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Yao R, Xie C, Xia X. Recent progress in mRNA cancer vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2307187. [PMID: 38282471 PMCID: PMC10826636 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2307187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The research and development of messenger RNA (mRNA) cancer vaccines have gradually overcome numerous challenges through the application of personalized cancer antigens, structural optimization of mRNA, and the development of alternative RNA-based vectors and efficient targeted delivery vectors. Clinical trials are currently underway for various cancer vaccines that encode tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), tumor-specific antigens (TSAs), or immunomodulators. In this paper, we summarize the optimization of mRNA and the emergence of RNA-based expression vectors in cancer vaccines. We begin by reviewing the advancement and utilization of state-of-the-art targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), followed by presenting the primary classifications and clinical applications of mRNA cancer vaccines. Collectively, mRNA vaccines are emerging as a central focus in cancer immunotherapy, offering the potential to address multiple challenges in cancer treatment, either as standalone therapies or in combination with current cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Grieve LM, Rani A, ZeRuth GT. Downregulation of Glis3 in INS1 cells exposed to chronically elevated glucose contributes to glucotoxicity-associated β cell dysfunction. Islets 2024; 16:2344622. [PMID: 38652652 PMCID: PMC11042057 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2024.2344622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronically elevated levels of glucose are deleterious to pancreatic β cells and contribute to β cell dysfunction, which is characterized by decreased insulin production and a loss of β cell identity. The Krüppel-like transcription factor, Glis3 has previously been shown to positively regulate insulin transcription and mutations within the Glis3 locus have been associated with the development of several pathologies including type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this report, we show that Glis3 is significantly downregulated at the transcriptional level in INS1 832/13 cells within hours of being subjected to high glucose concentrations and that diminished expression of Glis3 is at least partly attributable to increased oxidative stress. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown of Glis3 indicated that the transcription factor was required to maintain normal levels of both insulin and MafA expression and reduced Glis3 expression was concomitant with an upregulation of β cell disallowed genes. We provide evidence that Glis3 acts similarly to a pioneer factor at the insulin promoter where it permissively remodels the chromatin to allow access to a transcriptional regulatory complex including Pdx1 and MafA. Finally, evidence is presented that Glis3 can positively regulate MafA transcription through its pancreas-specific promoter and that MafA reciprocally regulates Glis3 expression. Collectively, these results suggest that decreased Glis3 expression in β cells exposed to chronic hyperglycemia may contribute significantly to reduced insulin transcription and a loss of β cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- LilyAnne M. Grieve
- Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY, USA
| | - Abhya Rani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY, USA
| | - Gary T. ZeRuth
- Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY, USA
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13
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Wang C, Chen Z, Copenhaver GP, Wang Y. Heterochromatin in plant meiosis. Nucleus 2024; 15:2328719. [PMID: 38488152 PMCID: PMC10950279 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2328719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterochromatin is an organizational property of eukaryotic chromosomes, characterized by extensive DNA and histone modifications, that is associated with the silencing of transposable elements and repetitive sequences. Maintaining heterochromatin is crucial for ensuring genomic integrity and stability during the cell cycle. During meiosis, heterochromatin is important for homologous chromosome synapsis, recombination, and segregation, but our understanding of meiotic heterochromatin formation and condensation is limited. In this review, we focus on the dynamics and features of heterochromatin and how it condenses during meiosis in plants. We also discuss how meiotic heterochromatin influences the interaction and recombination of homologous chromosomes during prophase I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory P. Copenhaver
- Department of Biology and the Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingxiang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Cairns CA, Xiao L, Wang JY. Posttranscriptional Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Growth and Adaptation by Noncoding RNAs in Critical Surgical Disorders. J INVEST SURG 2024; 37:2308809. [PMID: 38323630 PMCID: PMC11027105 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2024.2308809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The human intestinal epithelium has an impressive ability to respond to insults and its homeostasis is maintained by well-regulated mechanisms under various pathophysiological conditions. Nonetheless, acute injury and inhibited regeneration of the intestinal epithelium occur commonly in critically ill surgical patients, leading to the translocation of luminal toxic substances and bacteria to the bloodstream. Effective therapies for the preservation of intestinal epithelial integrity and for the prevention of mucosal hemorrhage and gut barrier dysfunction are limited, primarily because of a poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying mucosal disruption. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which include microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and small vault RNAs (vtRNAs), modulate a wide array of biological functions and have been identified as orchestrators of intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Here, we feature the roles of many important ncRNAs in controlling intestinal mucosal growth, barrier function, and repair after injury-particularly in the context of postoperative recovery from bowel surgery. We review recent literature surrounding the relationships between lncRNAs, microRNAs, and RNA-binding proteins and how their interactions impact cell survival, proliferation, migration, and cell-to-cell interactions in the intestinal epithelium. With advancing knowledge of ncRNA biology and growing recognition of the importance of ncRNAs in maintaining the intestinal epithelial integrity, ncRNAs provide novel therapeutic targets for treatments to preserve the gut epithelium in individuals suffering from critical surgical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra A. Cairns
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Lan Xiao
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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15
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Xiao CK, Ren Y, Chen Q, Yang Y, Tang L, Xu L, Ren Z. H4K20me3, H3K4me2 and H3K9me2 mediate the effect of ER on prognosis in breast cancer. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2343593. [PMID: 38643489 PMCID: PMC11037280 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2343593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that histone methylations act as mediators in the relationship between oestrogen receptor (ER) and breast cancer prognosis, yet the mediating role has never been assessed. Therefore, we investigated seven histone methylations (H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K9me1, H3K9me2, H3K9me3, H3K27me3 and H4K20me3) to determine whether they mediate the prognostic impact of ER on breast cancer. Tissue microarrays were constructed from 1045 primary invasive breast tumours, and the expressions of histone methylations were examined by immunohistochemistry. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyse the associations between ER and histone methylations. Cox proportional hazard model was performed to assess the relationship between histone methylations and breast cancer prognosis. The mediation effects of histone methylations were evaluated by model-based causal mediation analysis. High expressions of H3K9me1, H3K9me2, H3K4me2, H3K27me3, H4K20me3 were associated with ER positivity, while high expression of H3K9me3 was associated ER negativity. Higher H3K9me2, H3K4me2 and H4K20me3 levels were associated with better prognosis. The association between ER and breast cancer prognosis was most strongly mediated by H4K20me3 (29.07% for OS; 22.42% for PFS), followed by H3K4me2 (11.5% for OS; 10.82% for PFS) and least by H3K9me2 (9.35% for OS; 7.34% for PFS). H4K20me3, H3K4me2 and H3K9me2 mediated the relationship between ER and breast cancer prognosis, which would help to further elucidate the impact of ER on breast cancer prognosis from an epigenetic perspective and provide new ideas for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kun Xiao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuexiang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianxin Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhong Yang
- The Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zefang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Idowu OK, Oremosu AA, Dosumu OO, Mohammed AA. Ribose-cysteine and levodopa abrogate Parkinsonism via the regulation of neurochemical and redox activities in alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models. Fly (Austin) 2024; 18:2306687. [PMID: 38286464 PMCID: PMC10826630 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2306687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), the most prevalent type of parkinsonism, is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by several non-motor and motor symptoms. PD is thought to have a complex aetiology that includes a combination of age, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors. Increased expression of α-synuclein (α-Syn) protein is central to the evolvement of neuropathology in this devastating disorder, but the potential of ribose-cysteine and levodopa in abating pathophysiologic changes in PD model is unknown. Crosses were set up between flies conditionally expressing a pathological variant of human α-Syn (UAS-α-Syn) and those expressing GAL4 in neurons (elav-GAL4) to generate offspring referred to as PD flies. Flies were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 40) from the total population of flies, with each group having five replicates. Groups of PD flies were treated with either 500 mg/kg ribose-cysteine diet, 250 mg/kg levodopa diet, or a combination of the two compounds for 21 days, whereas the control group (w1118) and the PD group were exposed to a diet without ribose-cysteine or levodopa. In addition to various biochemical and neurochemical assays, longevity, larval motility, and gravitaxis assays were carried out. Locomotive capability, lifespan, fecundity, antioxidant state, and neurotransmitter systems were all significantly (p < 0.05) compromised by overexpression of α-Syn. However, flies treated both ribose cysteine and levodopa showed an overall marked improvement in motor functions, lifespan, fecundity, antioxidant status, and neurotransmitter system functions. In conclusion, ribose-cysteine and levodopa, both singly and in combination, potentiated a therapeutic effect on alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models of Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumayowa K. Idowu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Ademola A. Oremosu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke O. Dosumu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abdullahi A. Mohammed
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
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17
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Mizoguchi T. In vivo dynamics of hard tissue-forming cell origins: Insights from Cre/loxP-based cell lineage tracing studies. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:109-119. [PMID: 38406212 PMCID: PMC10885318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue provides structural support for our bodies, with the inner bone marrow (BM) acting as a hematopoietic organ. Within the BM tissue, two types of stem cells play crucial roles: mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (or skeletal stem cells) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These stem cells are intricately connected, where BM-MSCs give rise to bone-forming osteoblasts and serve as essential components in the BM microenvironment for sustaining HSCs. Despite the mid-20th century proposal of BM-MSCs, their in vivo identification remained elusive owing to a lack of tools for analyzing stemness, specifically self-renewal and multipotency. To address this challenge, Cre/loxP-based cell lineage tracing analyses are being employed. This technology facilitated the in vivo labeling of specific cells, enabling the tracking of their lineage, determining their stemness, and providing a deeper understanding of the in vivo dynamics governing stem cell populations responsible for maintaining hard tissues. This review delves into cell lineage tracing studies conducted using commonly employed genetically modified mice expressing Cre under the influence of LepR, Gli1, and Axin2 genes. These studies focus on research fields spanning long bones and oral/maxillofacial hard tissues, offering insights into the in vivo dynamics of stem cell populations crucial for hard tissue homeostasis.
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18
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Kubitscheck U, Siebrasse JP. Pre-ribosomal particles from nucleoli to cytoplasm. Nucleus 2024; 15:2373052. [PMID: 38940456 PMCID: PMC11216097 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2373052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The analysis of nucleocytoplasmic transport of proteins and messenger RNA has been the focus of advanced microscopic approaches. Recently, it has been possible to identify and visualize individual pre-ribosomal particles on their way through the nuclear pore complex using both electron and light microscopy. In this review, we focused on the transport of pre-ribosomal particles in the nucleus on their way to and through the pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Kubitscheck
- Clausius Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Peter Siebrasse
- Clausius Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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19
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King MR, Ruff KM, Pappu RV. Emergent microenvironments of nucleoli. Nucleus 2024; 15:2319957. [PMID: 38443761 PMCID: PMC10936679 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2319957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In higher eukaryotes, the nucleolus harbors at least three sub-phases that facilitate multiple functionalities including ribosome biogenesis. The three prominent coexisting sub-phases are the fibrillar center (FC), the dense fibrillar component (DFC), and the granular component (GC). Here, we review recent efforts in profiling sub-phase compositions that shed light on the types of physicochemical properties that emerge from compositional biases and territorial organization of specific types of macromolecules. We highlight roles played by molecular grammars which refers to protein sequence features including the substrate binding domains, the sequence features of intrinsically disordered regions, and the multivalence of these distinct types of domains / regions. We introduce the concept of a barcode of emergent physicochemical properties of nucleoli. Although our knowledge of the full barcode remains incomplete, we hope that the concept prompts investigations into undiscovered emergent properties and engenders an appreciation for how and why unique microenvironments control biochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biomolecular Condensates, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus, MO, USA
| | - Kiersten M. Ruff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biomolecular Condensates, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus, MO, USA
| | - Rohit V. Pappu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biomolecular Condensates, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus, MO, USA
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20
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Qian Y, Li X, Li X, Zhang X, Yuan Q, Wang Z, Zhang M, Huang M, Ji N. TOM5 regulates the mitochondrial membrane potential of alveolar epithelial cells in organizing pneumonia. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2354625. [PMID: 38794801 PMCID: PMC11134018 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2354625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of TOM5, a mitochondrial protein, causes organizing pneumonia (OP) in mice. The clinical significance and mechanisms of TOM5 in the pathogenesis of OP remain elusive. We demonstrated that TOM5 was significantly increased in the lung tissues of OP patients, which was positively correlated with the collagen deposition. In a bleomycin-induced murine model of chronic OP, increased TOM5 was in line with lung fibrosis. In vitro, TOM5 regulated the mitochondrial membrane potential in alveolar epithelial cells. TOM5 reduced the proportion of early apoptotic cells and promoted cell proliferation. Our study shed light on the roles of TOM5 in OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghun Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningfei Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Mercurio I, D’Abrosca G, della Valle M, Malgieri G, Fattorusso R, Isernia C, Russo L, Di Gaetano S, Pedone EM, Pirone L, Del Gatto A, Zaccaro L, Alberga D, Saviano M, Mangiatordi GF. Molecular interactions between a diphenyl scaffold and PED/PEA15: Implications for type II diabetes therapeutics targeting PED/PEA15 - Phospholipase D1 interaction. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2001-2010. [PMID: 38770160 PMCID: PMC11103223 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In a recent study, we have identified BPH03 as a promising scaffold for the development of compounds aimed at modulating the interaction between PED/PEA15 (Phosphoprotein Enriched in Diabetes/Phosphoprotein Enriched in Astrocytes 15) and PLD1 (phospholipase D1), with potential applications in type II diabetes therapy. PED/PEA15 is known to be overexpressed in certain forms of diabetes, where it binds to PLD1, thereby reducing insulin-stimulated glucose transport. The inhibition of this interaction reestablishes basal glucose transport, indicating PED as a potential target of ligands capable to recover glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. In this study, we employ computational methods to provide a detailed description of BPH03 interaction with PED, evidencing the presence of a hidden druggable pocket within its PLD1 binding surface. We also elucidate the conformational changes that occur during PED interaction with BPH03. Moreover, we report new NMR data supporting the in-silico findings and indicating that BPH03 disrupts the PED/PLD1 interface displacing PLD1 from its interaction with PED. Our study represents a significant advancement toward the development of potential therapeutics for the treatment of type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mercurio
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianluca D’Abrosca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria della Valle
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gaetano Malgieri
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Roberto Fattorusso
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Carla Isernia
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Luigi Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Sonia Di Gaetano
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Maria Pedone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Pirone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Del Gatto
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Zaccaro
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Alberga
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Saviano
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
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Boczki P, Colombo M, Weiner J, Rapöhn I, Lacher M, Kiess W, Hanschkow M, Körner A, Landgraf K. Inhibition of AHCY impedes proliferation and differentiation of mouse and human adipocyte progenitor cells. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2290218. [PMID: 38064408 PMCID: PMC10732623 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2290218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
S-adenosyl-homocysteine-hydrolase (AHCY) plays an important role in the methionine cycle regulating cellular methylation levels. AHCY has been reported to influence proliferation and differentiation processes in different cell types, e.g. in cancer cells and mouse embryonic stem cells. In the development of adipose tissue, both the proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) are important processes, which in the context of obesity are often dysregulated. To assess whether AHCY might also be involved in cell proliferation and differentiation of APCs, we investigated the effect of reduced AHCY activity on human and mouse APCs in vitro. We show that the inhibition of AHCY using adenosine dialdehyde (AdOx) and the knockdown of AHCY using gene-specific siRNAs reduced APC proliferation and number. Inhibition of AHCY further reduced APC differentiation into mature adipocytes and the expression of adipogenic differentiation markers. Global DNA methylation profiling in human APCs revealed that inhibition of AHCY is associated with alterations in CpG methylation levels of genes involved in fat cell differentiation and pathways related to cellular growth. Our findings suggest that AHCY is necessary for the maintenance of APC proliferation and differentiation and inhibition of AHCY alters DNA methylation processes leading to a dysregulation of the expression of genes involved in the regulation of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Boczki
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Colombo
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Weiner
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Inka Rapöhn
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Lacher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martha Hanschkow
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Bu C, Wang Z, Lv X, Zhao Y. A dual-gene panel of two fragments of methylated IRF4 and one of ZEB2 in plasma cell-free DNA for gastric cancer detection. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2374988. [PMID: 39003776 PMCID: PMC11249030 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2374988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Early detection is crucial for increasing the survival rate of gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to identify a methylated cell-free DNA (cfDNA) marker panel for detecting GC. The differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) were selected from datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The selected DMCs were validated and further selected in tissue samples (40 gastric cancer and 36 healthy white blood cell samples) and in a quarter sample volume of plasma samples (37 gastric cancer, 12 benign gastric disease, and 43 healthy individuals). The marker combination selected was then evaluated in a normal sample volume of plasma samples (35 gastric cancer, 39 control diseases, and 40 healthy individuals) using real-time methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The analysis of the results compared methods based on 2-ΔΔCt values and Ct values. In the results, 30 DMCs were selected through bioinformatics methods, and then 5 were selected for biological validation. The marker combination of two fragments of IRF4 (IRF4-1 and IRF4-2) and one of ZEB2 was selected due to its good performance. The Ct-based method was selected for its good results and practical advantages. The assay, IRF4-1 and IRF4-2 in one fluorescence channel and ZEB2 in another, obtained 74.3% sensitivity for the GC group at any stage, at 92.4% specificity. In conclusion, the panel of IRF4 and ZEB2 in plasma cfDNA demonstrates good diagnostic performance and application potential in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Bu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging,The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianping Lv
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanteng Zhao
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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24
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Shinjo T, Nishimura F. The bidirectional association between diabetes and periodontitis, from basic to clinical. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:15-21. [PMID: 38098853 PMCID: PMC10716706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and severity of periodontitis are increased and advanced in diabetes. Severe periodontitis elicits adverse effects on diabetes by impairing insulin actions due to systemic microinflammation. Recent studies unveil the emerging findings and molecular basis of the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. In addition to conventional mechanisms such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and chronic inflammation, deficient insulin action may play a pathogenic role in the progression of periodontitis under diabetes. Epidemiologically, from the viewpoint of the adverse effect of periodontitis on diabetes, recent studies have suggested that Asians including Japanese and Asian Americans with diabetes and mild obesity (BMI <25 kg/m2) should pay more attention to their increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the effect of diabetes on periodontitis from the viewpoint of abnormalities in metabolism and insulin resistance with novel mechanisms, and the influence of periodontitis on diabetes mainly focused on micro-inflammation related to mature adipose tissue and discuss future perspectives about novel approaches to interrupt the adverse interrelationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Shinjo
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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25
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Fu Z, Jiang S, Sun Y, Zheng S, Zong L, Li P. Cut&tag: a powerful epigenetic tool for chromatin profiling. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2293411. [PMID: 38105608 PMCID: PMC10730171 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2293411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of transcription factors and chromatin modifications at the genome-wide level provides insights into gene regulatory processes, such as transcription, cell differentiation and cellular response. Chromatin immunoprecipitation is the most popular and powerful approach for mapping chromatin, and other enzyme-tethering techniques have recently become available for living cells. Among these, Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) is a relatively novel chromatin profiling method that has rapidly gained popularity in the field of epigenetics since 2019. It has also been widely adapted to map chromatin modifications and TFs in different species, illustrating the association of these chromatin epitopes with various physiological and pathological processes. Scalable single-cell CUT&Tag can be combined with distinct platforms to distinguish cellular identity, epigenetic features and even spatial chromatin profiling. In addition, CUT&Tag has been developed as a strategy for joint profiling of the epigenome, transcriptome or proteome on the same sample. In this review, we will mainly consolidate the applications of CUT&Tag and its derivatives on different platforms, give a detailed explanation of the pros and cons of this technique as well as the potential development trends and applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Fu
- BGI Tech Solutions Co, Ltd. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sanjie Jiang
- BGI Tech Solutions Co, Ltd. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiwen Sun
- BGI Tech Solutions Co, Ltd. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shanqiao Zheng
- BGI Tech Solutions Co, Ltd. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Zong
- BGI Tech Solutions Co, Ltd. BGI-Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Peipei Li
- BGI Tech Solutions Co, Ltd. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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26
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Shi A, Yun F, Shi L, Liu X, Jia Y. Research progress on the mechanism of common inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis and development of lymphoma. Ann Med 2024; 56:2329130. [PMID: 38489405 PMCID: PMC10946270 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2329130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates of lymphoma have gradually increased worldwide. Tumorigenesis and drug resistance are closely related to intracellular inflammatory pathways in lymphoma. Therefore, understanding the biological role of inflammatory pathways and their abnormal activation in relation to the development of lymphoma and their selective modulation may open new avenues for targeted therapy of lymphoma. The biological functions of inflammatory pathways are extensive, and they are central hubs for regulating inflammatory responses, immune responses, and the tumour immune microenvironment. However, limited studies have investigated the role of inflammatory pathways in lymphoma development. This review summarizes the relationship between abnormal activation of common inflammatory pathways and lymphoma development to identify precise and efficient targeted therapeutic options for patients with advanced, drug-resistant lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aorong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Fen Yun
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yongfeng Jia
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
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27
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Mars JC, Culjkovic-Kraljacic B, Borden KL. eIF4E orchestrates mRNA processing, RNA export and translation to modify specific protein production. Nucleus 2024; 15:2360196. [PMID: 38880976 PMCID: PMC11185188 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2360196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E acts as a multifunctional factor that simultaneously influences mRNA processing, export, and translation in many organisms. Its multifactorial effects are derived from its capacity to bind to the methyl-7-guanosine cap on the 5'end of mRNAs and thus can act as a cap chaperone for transcripts in the nucleus and cytoplasm. In this review, we describe the multifactorial roles of eIF4E in major mRNA-processing events including capping, splicing, cleavage and polyadenylation, nuclear export and translation. We discuss the evidence that eIF4E acts at two levels to generate widescale changes to processing, export and ultimately the protein produced. First, eIF4E alters the production of components of the mRNA processing machinery, supporting a widescale reprogramming of multiple mRNA processing events. In this way, eIF4E can modulate mRNA processing without physically interacting with target transcripts. Second, eIF4E also physically interacts with both capped mRNAs and components of the RNA processing or translation machineries. Further, specific mRNAs are sensitive to eIF4E only in particular mRNA processing events. This selectivity is governed by the presence of cis-acting elements within mRNAs known as USER codes that recruit relevant co-factors engaging the appropriate machinery. In all, we describe the molecular bases for eIF4E's multifactorial function and relevant regulatory pathways, discuss the basis for selectivity, present a compendium of ~80 eIF4E-interacting factors which play roles in these activities and provide an overview of the relevance of its functions to its oncogenic potential. Finally, we summarize early-stage clinical studies targeting eIF4E in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Clément Mars
- Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Biljana Culjkovic-Kraljacic
- Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine L.B. Borden
- Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Pilkay S, Riffer A, Carroll A. Trauma context exerts intergenerational effects on child mental health via DNA methylation. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2333654. [PMID: 38577817 PMCID: PMC11000619 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2333654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Many people experience traumatic or negative events, but few develop mental health issues as a result. This study investigated whether newborn DNA methylation (DNAm) previously associated with maternal childhood physical abuse by her father affected the child's mental health and physical growth, as well as whether it mediated or moderated developmental outcomes. METHODS Study sample (N = 903) and data came from Bristol University's Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. DNAm was measured in cord blood at birth. DNAm data was preprocessed, normalized, and quality controlled before subsetting to 60 CpG sites of interest from previous research. Linear regression analysis examined newborn DNAm and child development outcome associations. Sobel test examined the mediating relationship between mother's history of childhood abuse by father, newborn targeted gene DNAm of significant CpG sites, and child's mental health and physical growth. Moderation analyses examined the interaction effects between the significant CpG sites and mothers' physical abuse by their fathers on child's mental health and physical growth. RESULTS Full cohort analyses showed that newborn DNAm of several different CpG sites associates with separation anxiety, fear, and unhappy/tearful presentations in children aged 6-7 y. Sex-specific associations emerged with boys showing associations with anxiety and fear, and girls showing associations with fear and unhappiness. In boys only, cord blood DNAm mediates the effect of maternal childhood trauma on offspring mental health. No moderation effects emerged. CONCLUSION Intergenerational effects of mother's relationship to her abuser present in newborn DNAm associate with 7-year-old child's mental health, show sex-specific effects, and newborn DNAm does mediate maternal childhood trauma effects on offspring mental health in early-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Pilkay
- Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, School of Social Work, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NYUSA
| | - Andie Riffer
- Jane Addams College of Social Work, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Carroll
- Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, School of Social Work, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NYUSA
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29
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Fang J, Zhou G, Zhao H, Xie D, Zhang J, Kües U, Xiao Y, Fang Z, Liu J. An apoptosis-inducing factor controls programmed cell death and laccase expression during fungal interactions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:135. [PMID: 38229306 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Apoptotic-like programmed cell death (PCD) is one of the main strategies for fungi to resist environmental stresses and maintain homeostasis. The apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) has been shown in different fungi to trigger PCD through upregulating reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study identified a mitochondrial localized AIF homolog, CcAIF1, from Coprinopsis cinerea monokaryon Okayama 7. Heterologous overexpression of CcAIF1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae caused apoptotic-like PCD of the yeast cells. Ccaif1 was increased in transcription when C. cinerea interacted with Gongronella sp. w5, accompanied by typical apoptotic-like PCD in C. cinerea, including phosphatidylserine externalization and DNA fragmentation. Decreased mycelial ROS levels were observed in Ccaif1 silenced C. cinerea transformants during cocultivation, as well as reduction of the apoptotic levels, mycelial growth, and asexual sporulation. By comparison, Ccaif1 overexpression led to the opposite phenotypes. Moreover, the transcription and expression levels of laccase Lcc9 decreased by Ccaif1 silencing but increased firmly in Ccaif1 overexpression C. cinerea transformants in coculture. Thus, in conjunction with our previous report that intracellular ROS act as signal molecules to stimulate defense responses, we conclude that CcAIF1 is a regulator of ROS to promote apoptotic-like PCD and laccase expression in fungal-fungal interactions. In an axenic culture of C. cinerea, CcAIF1 overexpression and H2O2 stimulation together increased laccase secretion with multiplied production yield. The expression of two other normally silent isozymes, Lcc8 and Lcc13, was unexpectedly triggered along with Lcc9. KEY POINTS: • Mitochondrial CcAIF1 induces PCD during fungal-fungal interactions • CcAIF1 is a regulator of ROS to trigger the expression of Lcc9 for defense • CcAIF1 overexpression and H2O2 stimulation dramatically increase laccase production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Dengdeng Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Jingna Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Ursula Kües
- Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Büsgen‑Institute, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
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30
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Catalina-Hernández È, López-Martín M, Masnou-Sánchez D, Martins M, Lorenz-Fonfria VA, Jiménez-Altayó F, Hellmich UA, Inada H, Alcaraz A, Furutani Y, Nonell-Canals A, Vázquez-Ibar JL, Domene C, Gaudet R, Perálvarez-Marín A. Experimental and computational biophysics to identify vasodilator drugs targeted at TRPV2 using agonists based on the probenecid scaffold. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:473-482. [PMID: 38261868 PMCID: PMC10796807 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
TRP channels are important pharmacological targets in physiopathology. TRPV2 plays distinct roles in cardiac and neuromuscular function, immunity, and metabolism, and is associated with pathologies like muscular dystrophy and cancer. However, TRPV2 pharmacology is unspecific and scarce at best. Using in silico similarity-based chemoinformatics we obtained a set of 270 potential hits for TRPV2 categorized into families based on chemical nature and similarity. Docking the compounds on available rat TRPV2 structures allowed the clustering of drug families in specific ligand binding sites. Starting from a probenecid docking pose in the piperlongumine binding site and using a Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics approach we have assigned a putative probenecid binding site. In parallel, we measured the EC50 of 7 probenecid derivatives on TRPV2 expressed in Pichia pastoris using a novel medium-throughput Ca2+ influx assay in yeast membranes together with an unbiased and unsupervised data analysis method. We found that 4-(piperidine-1-sulfonyl)-benzoic acid had a better EC50 than probenecid, which is one of the most specific TRPV2 agonists to date. Exploring the TRPV2-dependent anti-hypertensive potential in vivo, we found that 4-(piperidine-1-sulfonyl)-benzoic acid shows a sex-biased vasodilator effect producing larger vascular relaxations in female mice. Overall, this study expands the pharmacological toolbox for TRPV2, a widely expressed membrane protein and orphan drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Èric Catalina-Hernández
- Unit of Biophysics, Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mario López-Martín
- Unit of Biophysics, Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
| | - David Masnou-Sánchez
- Unit of Biophysics, Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marco Martins
- Unit of Biophysics, Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Victor A. Lorenz-Fonfria
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán-2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Francesc Jiménez-Altayó
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics,Institute of Neurosciences, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ute A. Hellmich
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry & Macromolecular Chemistry, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hitoshi Inada
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular Biology National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Antonio Alcaraz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Dept. of Physics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Yuji Furutani
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- Optobiotechnology Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | | | - Jose Luis Vázquez-Ibar
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carmen Domene
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Rachelle Gaudet
- Dept of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Alex Perálvarez-Marín
- Unit of Biophysics, Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
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Marasco M, Kirkpatrick J, Carlomagno T, Hub JS, Anselmi M. Phosphopeptide binding to the N-SH2 domain of tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 correlates with the unzipping of its central β-sheet. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1169-1180. [PMID: 38510972 PMCID: PMC10951427 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
SHP2 is a tyrosine phosphatase that plays a regulatory role in multiple intracellular signaling cascades and is known to be oncogenic in certain contexts. In the absence of effectors, SHP2 adopts an autoinhibited conformation with its N-SH2 domain blocking the active site. Given the key role of N-SH2 in regulating SHP2, this domain has been extensively studied, often by X-ray crystallography. Using a combination of structural analyses and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations we show that the crystallographic environment can significantly influence the structure of the isolated N-SH2 domain, resulting in misleading interpretations. As an orthogonal method to X-ray crystallography, we use a combination of NMR spectroscopy and MD simulations to accurately determine the conformation of apo N-SH2 in solution. In contrast to earlier reports based on crystallographic data, our results indicate that apo N-SH2 in solution primarily adopts a conformation with a fully zipped central β-sheet, and that partial unzipping of this β-sheet is promoted by binding of either phosphopeptides or even phosphate/sulfate ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangelo Marasco
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Kirkpatrick
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Teresa Carlomagno
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Jochen S. Hub
- Theoretical Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Anselmi
- Theoretical Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Zhuang Y, Jiang W, Zhao Z, Li W, Deng Z, Liu J. Ion channel-mediated mitochondrial volume regulation and its relationship with mitochondrial dynamics. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2335467. [PMID: 38546173 PMCID: PMC10984129 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2335467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion, one of the important cellular organelles, has the major function of generating adenosine triphosphate and plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, governing signal transduction, regulating membrane potential, controlling programmed cell death and modulating cell proliferation. The dynamic balance of mitochondrial volume is an important factor required for maintaining the structural integrity of the organelle and exerting corresponding functions. Changes in the mitochondrial volume are closely reflected in a series of biological functions and pathological changes. The mitochondrial volume is controlled by the osmotic balance between the cytoplasm and the mitochondrial matrix. Thus, any disruption in the influx of the main ion, potassium, into the cells can disturb the osmotic balance between the cytoplasm and the matrix, leading to water movement between these compartments and subsequent alterations in mitochondrial volume. Recent studies have shown that mitochondrial volume homeostasis is closely implicated in a variety of diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the main influencing factors and research progress in the field of mitochondrial volume homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhuang
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Clinical College of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wenting Jiang
- Operating room, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wencui Li
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqin Deng
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Longo M, Greco E, Listorti I, Varricchio MT, Litwicka K, Arrivi C, Mencacci C, Greco P. Telomerase activity, telomere length, and the euploidy rate of human embryos. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2373742. [PMID: 38946430 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2373742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomeres maintain chromosome stability, while telomerase counteracts their progressive shortening. Telomere length varies between cell types, with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) decreasing with age. Reduced telomerase activity has been linked to reproductive issues in females, such as low pregnancy rates and premature ovarian failure, with recent studies indicating correlations between telomere length in granulosa cells and IVF outcomes. OBJECTIVES The study aims to explore the relationship between telomere length, telomerase activity, and euploid blastocyst rate in infertile women undergoing IVF/ICSI PGT-A cycles. METHODS This prospective study involves 108 patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation and PGT-A. Telomere length and telomerase activity were measured in peripheral mononuclear cells and granulosa cells (GC), respectively. RESULTS The telomere repeat copy number to single gene copy number ratio (T/S) results respectively 0.6 ± 0.8 in leukocytes and 0.7 ± 0.9 in GC. An inverse relationship was found between LTL and the patient's age (p < .01). A higher aneuploid rate was noticed in patients with short LTL, with no differences in ovarian reserve markers (p = .15), number of oocytes retrieved (p = .33), and number of MII (p = 0.42). No significant association was noticed between telomere length in GC and patients' age (p = 0.95), in ovarian reserve markers (p = 0.32), number of oocytes retrieved (p = .58), number of MII (p = .74) and aneuploidy rate (p = .65). CONCLUSION LTL shows a significant inverse correlation with patient age and higher aneuploidy rates. Telomere length in GCs does not correlate with patient age or reproductive outcomes, indicating differential telomere dynamics between leukocytes and granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Longo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ermanno Greco
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Casa di Cura Privata Villa Mafalda, Rome, Italy
- Department of Obstetrician and Gynecology, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences (Unicamillus), Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Listorti
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Casa di Cura Privata Villa Mafalda, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Katerina Litwicka
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Casa di Cura Privata Villa Mafalda, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Arrivi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Casa di Cura Privata Villa Mafalda, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Mencacci
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Casa di Cura Privata Villa Mafalda, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Greco
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Casa di Cura Privata Villa Mafalda, Rome, Italy
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Lai TH, Hwang JS, Ngo QN, Lee DK, Kim HJ, Kim DR. A comparative assessment of reference genes in mouse brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis in vitro. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2330355. [PMID: 38527945 PMCID: PMC10965104 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2024.2330355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipogenic differentiation and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) undergo dynamic processes, altering phenotypes and gene expressions. Proper reference genes in gene expression analysis are crucial to mitigate experimental variances and ensure PCR efficacy. Unreliable reference genes can lead to erroneous gene expression quantification, resulting in data misinterpretation. This study focused on identifying suitable reference genes for mouse brown adipocyte research, utilizing brown adipocytes from the Ucp1-luciferase ThermoMouse model. Comparative analysis of gene expression data under adipogenesis and thermogenesis conditions was conducted, validating 13 housekeeping genes through various algorithms, including DeltaCq, BestKeeper, geNorm, Normfinder, and RefFinder. Tbp and Rer1 emerged as optimal references for Ucp1 and Pparg expression in brown adipogenesis, while Tbp and Ubc were ideal for the expression analysis of these target genes in thermogenesis. Conversely, certain conventional references, including Actb, Tubb5, and Gapdh, proved unstable as reference genes under both conditions. These findings stress the critical consideration of reference gene selection in gene expression analysis within specific biological systems to ensure accurate conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Huyen Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Quang Nhat Ngo
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kun Lee
- Department of Physiology and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences and Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
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Perales IE, Jones SD, Piaszynski KM, Geyer PK. Developmental changes in nuclear lamina components during germ cell differentiation. Nucleus 2024; 15:2339214. [PMID: 38597409 PMCID: PMC11008544 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2339214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina (NL) changes composition for regulation of nuclear events. We investigated changes that occur in Drosophila oogenesis, revealing switches in NL composition during germ cell differentiation. Germline stem cells (GSCs) express only LamB and predominantly emerin, whereas differentiating nurse cells predominantly express LamC and emerin2. A change in LamC-specific localization also occurs, wherein phosphorylated LamC redistributes to the nuclear interior only in the oocyte, prior to transcriptional reactivation of the meiotic genome. These changes support existing concepts that LamC promotes differentiation, a premise that was tested. Remarkably ectopic LamC production in GSCs did not promote premature differentiation. Increased LamC levels in differentiating germ cells altered internal nuclear structure, increased RNA production, and reduced female fertility due to defects in eggshell formation. These studies suggest differences between Drosophila lamins are regulatory, not functional, and reveal an unexpected robustness to level changes of a major scaffolding component of the NL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella E. Perales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Samuel D. Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Pamela K. Geyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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36
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Bai S, Cheng H, Li H, Bo P. Integrated bioinformatics analysis identifies autophagy-associated genes as candidate biomarkers and reveals the immune infiltration landscape in psoriasis. Autoimmunity 2024; 57:2259137. [PMID: 38439147 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2259137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We aimed to identify autophagy-related biomarkers in psoriasis via an integrated bioinformatics approach. We downloaded the gene expression profiles of GSE30999 dataset, and the "limma" package was applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DEARGs) were identified via integrating autophagy-related genes with DEGs. CytoHubba plugin was used for the identification of hub genes and verified by the GSE41662 dataset. Subsequently, a series of bioinformatics analyses were employed, including protein-protein interaction network, functional enrichment, spearman correlation, receiver operating characteristic, and immune infiltration analyses. One hundred and one DEARGs were identified, and seven DEARGs were identified as hub genes and verified using the GSE41662 dataset. These validated genes had good diagnostic value in distinguishing psoriasis lesions. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that ATG5, SQSTM1, EGFR, MAPK8, MAPK3, MYC, and PIK3C3 were correlated with infiltration of immune cells. Seven DEARGs, namely ATG5, SQSTM1, EGFR, MAPK8, MAPK3, MYC, and PIK3C3, may be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, which expanded the understanding of the development of psoriasis and provided important clinical significance for treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixian Bai
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyu Cheng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Bo
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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37
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Zhu Y, Liu J, Sun L, Liu M, Qi Q, Hou J. Development of genetic markers in Yarrowia lipolytica. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:14. [PMID: 38170308 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12835-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica represents a potential microbial cell factory for the recombinant production of various valuable products. Currently, the commonly used selection markers for transformation in Y. lipolytica are limited, and successive genetic manipulations are often restricted by the number of available selection markers. In our study, we developed a dominant marker, dsdA, which encodes a D-serine deaminase for genetic manipulation in Y. lipolytica. In Y. lipolytica, this marker confers the ability to use D-serine as a nitrogen source. In addition, the selection conditions of several infrequently used dominant markers including bleoR (zeocin resistance), kanMX (G418 resistance), and guaB (mycophenolic acid resistance) were also analyzed. Our results demonstrated that these selection markers can be used for the genetic manipulation of Y. lipolytica and their selection conditions were different for various strains. Ultimately, the selection markers tested here will be useful to expand the genetic toolbox of Y. lipolytica. KEY POINTS: • The dsdA from Escherichia coli was developed as a dominant marker. • The applicability of several resistance markers in Y. lipolytica was determined. • We introduced the Cre/mutant lox system for marker recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Koo JS, Zhang H. Chronic intermittent ethanol exposure-induced m6A modifications around mRNA stop codons of opioid receptor genes. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2294515. [PMID: 38118075 PMCID: PMC10761033 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2294515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption may alter mRNA methylation and expression levels of genes related to addiction and reward in the brain, potentially contributing to alcohol tolerance and dependence. Neuron-like (SH-SY5Y) and non-neuronal (SW620) cells were utilized as models to examine chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure-induced global m6A RNA methylation changes, as well as m6A mRNA methylation changes around the stop codon of three opioid receptor genes (OPRM1, OPRD1, and OPRK1), which are known to regulate pain, reward, and addiction behaviours. CIE exposure for three weeks significantly increased global RNA methylation levels in both SH-SY5Y (t = 3.98, P = 0.007) and SW620 (t = 2.24, P = 0.067) cells. However, a 3-week CIE exposure resulted in hypomethylation around mRNA stop codon regions of OPRM1 and OPRD1 in both cell lines [OPRM1(SH-SY5Y): t = -5.05, P = 0.0005; OPRM1(SW620): t = -3.19, P = 0.013; OPRD1(SH-SY5Y): t = -13.43, P < 0.00001; OPRD1(SW620): t = -4.00, P = 0.003]. Additionally, mRNA expression levels of OPRM1, OPRD1, and OPRK1 were downregulated (corresponding to mRNA hypomethylation) in both SH-SY5Y and SW620 cells after a 3-week CIE exposure. The present study demonstrated that chronic ethanol exposure altered global RNA methylation levels, as well as mRNA methylation and expression levels of opioid receptor genes in both neuron-like and non-neuronal cells. Our findings suggest a potential epitranscriptomic mechanism by which chronic alcohol consumption remodels the expression of reward-related and alcohol responsive genes in the brain, thus increasing the risk of alcohol use disorder development.Abbreviations: OPRM1: the μ-opioid receptor; OPRD1: the δ-opioid receptor; OPRK1: the κ-opioid receptor; CIE: chronic intermittent ethanol exposure; CIE+WD: chronic intermittent ethanol exposure followed by a 24-hr withdrawal; SH-SY5Y: human neuroblastoma cell Line; SW620: human colon carcinoma cell line; RT-qPCR: reverse transcription followed by quantitative polymerase reaction; MazF-RT-qPCR: MazF digestion followed by RT-qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Ji Sun Koo
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
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Hasan MK, Jeannine Brady L. Nucleic acid-binding KH domain proteins influence a spectrum of biological pathways including as part of membrane-localized complexes. J Struct Biol X 2024; 10:100106. [PMID: 39040530 PMCID: PMC11261784 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjsbx.2024.100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
K-Homology domain (KH domain) proteins bind single-stranded nucleic acids, influence protein-protein interactions of proteins that harbor them, and are found in all kingdoms of life. In concert with other functional protein domains KH domains contribute to a variety of critical biological activities, often within higher order machineries including membrane-localized protein complexes. Eukaryotic KH domain proteins are linked to developmental processes, morphogenesis, and growth regulation, and their aberrant expression is often associated with cancer. Prokaryotic KH domain proteins are involved in integral cellular activities including cell division and protein translocation. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic KH domains share structural features, but are differentiated based on their structural organizations. In this review, we explore the structure/function relationships of known examples of KH domain proteins, and highlight cases in which they function within or at membrane surfaces. We also summarize examples of KH domain proteins that influence bacterial virulence and pathogenesis. We conclude the article by discussing prospective research avenues that could be pursued to better investigate this largely understudied protein category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - L. Jeannine Brady
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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40
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Chen L, Cheng Y, Zhang G, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Feng Y. WGBS of embryonic gonads revealed that long non-coding RNAs in the MHM region might be involved in cell autonomous sex identity and female gonadal development in chickens. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2283657. [PMID: 38037805 PMCID: PMC10761181 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2283657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation plays a key role in sex determination and differentiation in vertebrates. However, there are few studies on DNA methylation involved in chicken gonad development, and most focused on male hypermethylated regions (MHM). It is unclear whether there are specific differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in chicken embryonic gonads regulating sex determination and differentiation. Here, the DNA methylation maps showed that the difference of DNA methylation level between sexes was much higher at embryonic day 10 (E10) than that at embryonic day 6 (E6), and the significant differentially methylated regions at both stages were mainly distributed on the Z chromosome, including MHM1 and MHM2. The results of bisulphite sequencing PCR (BSP) and qRT-PCR showed hypomethylation of female MHM and upregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) whose promoter in the MHM region was consistent with the sequencing results, and similar results were in brain and muscle. In female sex-reversed gonads, the methylation pattern of MHM remained unchanged, and the expression levels of the three candidate lncRNAs were significantly decreased compared with those in females, but were significantly increased compared to males. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results also showed that these lncRNAs were highly expressed in female embryonic gonads. The results of methyltransferase inhibitor and dual-luciferase reporter assay suggest that lncRNA expression may be regulated by DNA methylation within their promoters. Therefore, we speculated that MHM may be involved in cell-autonomous sex identity in chickens, and that lncRNAs regulated by MHM may be involved in female sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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41
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Su Y, Feng Y, Lin X, Ma C, Wei J. Genetic association study of TERT gene variants with chronic kidney disease susceptibility in the Chinese population. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2300725. [PMID: 38197421 PMCID: PMC10783823 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2300725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are increasing globally. Studies have demonstrated the significance of genetic risk factors in the progression of CKD. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) may be implicated in the development of CKD. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between TERT gene variants and susceptibility to CKD in the Chinese population. A total of 507 patients with CKD and 510 healthy controls were recruited for this case-control study. Four candidate loci were identified using the MassARRAY platform. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the association between TERT gene variants and the risk of CKD. The false positive reporting probability (FPRP) method was utilized to evaluate the validity of statistically significant associations. The multifactorial dimensionality reduction (MDR) method was used to evaluate the interaction between SNPs and the risk of CKD. Furthermore, discrepancies in the clinical features of subjects with diverse genotypes were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Our findings revealed a correlation between rs2735940 and rs4635969 and an increased risk of CKD. Stratification analysis indicated that rs4635969 was related to an increased risk of CKD in different subgroups (age ≤ 50 years and male). MDR analysis indicated that the two-site model (rs2735940 and rs4635969) was the best prediction model. Furthermore, the rs2735940 GG genotype was found to be linked to an increased level of microalbuminuria (MAU) in patients with CKD. Our study is the first to reveal a connection between TERT gene variants and susceptibility to CKD, providing new insights into the field of nephrology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Su
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, PRChina
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Immunology, the Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Xinran Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, PRChina
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, PR China
| | - Chunyang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, PR China
| | - Jiali Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, PRChina
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Mondragón-Rosas F, Florencio-Martínez LE, Villa-Delavequia GS, Manning-Cela RG, Carrero JC, Nepomuceno-Mejía T, Martínez-Calvillo S. Characterization of Tau95 led to the identification of a four-subunit TFIIIC complex in trypanosomatid parasites. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:109. [PMID: 38204130 PMCID: PMC10781861 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12903-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
RNA polymerase III (RNAP III) synthetizes small essential non-coding RNA molecules such as tRNAs and 5S rRNA. In yeast and vertebrates, RNAP III needs general transcription factors TFIIIA, TFIIIB, and TFIIIC to initiate transcription. TFIIIC, composed of six subunits, binds to internal promoter elements in RNAP III-dependent genes. Limited information is available about RNAP III transcription in the trypanosomatid protozoa Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major, which diverged early from the eukaryotic lineage. Analyses of the first published draft of the trypanosomatid genome sequences failed to recognize orthologs of any of the TFIIIC subunits, suggesting that this transcription factor is absent in these parasites. However, a putative TFIIIC subunit was recently annotated in the databases. Here we characterize this subunit in T. brucei and L. major and demonstrate that it corresponds to Tau95. In silico analyses showed that both proteins possess the typical Tau95 sequences: the DNA binding region and the dimerization domain. As anticipated for a transcription factor, Tau95 localized to the nucleus in insect forms of both parasites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays demonstrated that Tau95 binds to tRNA and U2 snRNA genes in T. brucei. Remarkably, by performing tandem affinity purifications we identified orthologs of TFIIIC subunits Tau55, Tau131, and Tau138 in T. brucei and L. major. Thus, contrary to what was assumed, trypanosomatid parasites do possess a TFIIIC complex. Other putative interacting partners of Tau95 were identified in T. brucei and L. major. KEY POINTS: • A four-subunit TFIIIC complex is present in T. brucei and L. major • TbTau95 associates with tRNA and U2 snRNA genes • Putative interacting partners of Tau95 might include some RNAP II regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Mondragón-Rosas
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios 1, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, CP 54090, México
| | - Luis E Florencio-Martínez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios 1, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, CP 54090, México
| | - Gino S Villa-Delavequia
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios 1, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, CP 54090, México
| | - Rebeca G Manning-Cela
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de Mexico, CP 07360, México
| | - Julio C Carrero
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, 04510, México
| | - Tomás Nepomuceno-Mejía
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios 1, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, CP 54090, México
| | - Santiago Martínez-Calvillo
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios 1, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, CP 54090, México.
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Chen L, Zeng Z, Luo H, Xiao H, Zeng Y. The effects of CypA on apoptosis: potential target for the treatment of diseases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:28. [PMID: 38159118 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cyclophilin A (CypA), the first member of cyclophilins, is distributed extensively in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, primarily localized in the cytoplasm. In addition to acting as an intracellular receptor for cyclosporin A (CSA), CypA plays a crucial role in diseases such as aging and tumorigenesis. Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is able to balance the rate of cell viability and death. In this review, we focus on the effects of CypA on apoptosis and the relationship between specific mechanisms of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis and diseases, including tumorigenesis, cardiovascular diseases, organ injury, and microbial infections. Notably, the process of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis is closely related to disease development. Finally, future prospects for the association of CypA and apoptosis are discussed, and a comprehensive understanding of the effects of CypA on apoptosis in relation to diseases is expected to provide new insights into the design of CypA as a therapeutic target for diseases. KEY POINTS: • Understand the effect of CypA on apoptosis. • CypA affects apoptosis through specific pathways. • The effect of CypA on apoptosis is associated with a variety of disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Zeng
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Haodang Luo
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Zeng
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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Karami Y, Bignon E. Cysteine hyperoxidation rewires communication pathways in the nucleosome and destabilizes the dyad. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1387-1396. [PMID: 38596314 PMCID: PMC11001638 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene activity is tightly controlled by reversible chemical modifications called epigenetic marks, which are of various types and modulate gene accessibility without affecting the DNA sequence. Despite an increasing body of evidence demonstrating the role of oxidative-type modifications of histones in gene expression regulation, there remains a complete absence of structural data at the atomistic level to understand the molecular mechanisms behind their regulatory action. Owing to μs time-scale MD simulations and protein communication networks analysis, we describe the impact of histone H3 hyperoxidation (i.e., S-sulfonylation) on the nucleosome core particle dynamics. Our results reveal the atomic-scale details of the intrinsic structural networks within the canonical histone core and their perturbation by hyperoxidation of the histone H3 C110. We show that this modification involves local rearrangements of the communication networks and destabilizes the dyad, and that one modification is enough to induce a maximal structural signature. Our results suggest that cysteine hyperoxidation in the nucleosome core particle might favor its disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Karami
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Inria, LORIA, F-54000 Nancy, France
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Liu Y, Yuan J, Li Y, Bi Y, Prusky DB. The sensor protein AaSho1 regulates infection structures differentiation, osmotic stress tolerance and virulence via MAPK module AaSte11-AaPbs2-AaHog1 in Alternaria alternata. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1594-1607. [PMID: 38680872 PMCID: PMC11047198 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The high-osmolarity-sensitive protein Sho1 functions as a key membrane receptor in phytopathogenic fungi, which can sense and respond to external stimuli or stresses, and synergistically regulate diverse fungal biological processes through cellular signaling pathways. In this study, we investigated the biological functions of AaSho1 in Alternaria alternata, the causal agent of pear black spot. Targeted gene deletion revealed that AaSho1 is essential for infection structure differentiation, response to external stresses and synthesis of secondary metabolites. Compared to the wild-type (WT), the ∆AaSho1 mutant strain showed no significant difference in colony growth, morphology, conidial production and biomass accumulation. However, the mutant strain exhibited significantly reduced levels of melanin production, cellulase (CL) and ploygalacturonase (PG) activities, virulence, resistance to various exogenous stresses. Moreover, the appressorium and infection hyphae formation rates of the ∆AaSho1 mutant strain were significantly inhibited. RNA-Seq results showed that there were four branches including pheromone, cell wall stress, high osmolarity and starvation in the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid experiments showed that AaSho1 activates the MAPK pathway via AaSte11-AaPbs2-AaHog1. These results suggest that AaSho1 of A. alternata is essential for fungal development, pathogenesis and osmotic stress response by activating the MAPK cascade pathway via Sho1-Ste11-Pbs2-Hog1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Horticulture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dov B. Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization Volcani Center Information Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Marino L, Ni B, Farrar JS, Lownik JC, Pearce JV, Martin RK, Celi FS. Adipose tissue-selective ablation of ADAM10 results in divergent metabolic phenotypes following long-term dietary manipulation. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2339418. [PMID: 38706095 PMCID: PMC11073419 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2024.2339418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10), is involved in several metabolic and inflammatory pathways. We speculated that ADAM10 plays a modulatory role in adipose tissue inflammation and metabolism. To this end, we studied adipose tissue-specific ADAM10 knock-out mice (aKO). While young, regular chow diet-fed aKO mice showed increased insulin sensitivity, following prolonged (33 weeks) high-fat diet (HFD) exposure, aKO mice developed obesity and insulin resistance. Compared to controls, aKO mice showed less inflammatory adipokine profile despite the significant increase in adiposity. In brown adipose tissue, aKO mice on HFD had changes in CD8+ T cell populations indicating a lesser inflammatory pattern. Following HFD, both aKO and control littermates demonstrated decreased adipose tissue pro-inflammatory macrophages, and increased anti-inflammatory accumulation, without differences between the genotypes. Collectively, our observations indicate that selective deletion of ADAM10 in adipocytes results in a mitigated inflammatory response, leading to increased insulin sensitivity in young mice fed with regular diet. This state of insulin sensitivity, following prolonged HFD, facilitates energy storage resulting in increased fat accumulation which ultimately leads to the development of a phenotype of obesity and insulin resistance. In conclusion, the data indicate that ADAM10 has a modulatory effect of inflammation and whole-body energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Marino
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Bin Ni
- Alliance Pharma, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jared S. Farrar
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Joseph C. Lownik
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Janina V. Pearce
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Rebecca K. Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Francesco S. Celi
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Wu J, Xie X, Qin H, Huang C, Li Z, Ling Z, Li R. Association between BCL2 interacting protein 3 like (BNIP3L) genetic polymorphisms and the risk of multiple myeloma in China. Hematology 2024; 29:2367918. [PMID: 38934722 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2367918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BCL2 interacting protein 3-like (BNIP3L) protein is involved in multiple myeloma (MM) development and progression. This study aims to explore the connection between BNIP3L single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and MM. METHODS SNaPshot was used to examine six SNP loci of the BNIP3L gene in enrolled subjects. The relationship between these loci and MM susceptibility and prognosis was explored. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the impact of different factors on patient survival. RESULTS The rs2874670 AA genotype and A allele were associated with increased MM risk (P < 0.05). The CCACAC haplotype had a higher frequency in MM, while CCGCAC had a higher frequency in normal patients (all P < 0.05). Patients with R-ISS stage I and II had higher survival rates than those with stage III (P < 0.05). Patients, who received chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation, had longer survival time than those who only received chemotherapy (P < 0.05). Low levels of LDH and β2-MG were associated with better survival rates (P < 0.05). Cox regression identified that LDH levels, β2-MG levels, and R-ISS staging were the risk factors for the death of MM. Mann-Whitney U test found a significant difference in survival time between MM patients with different BNIP3L rs2874670 genotypes after BD chemotherapy (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to find that BNIP3L rs2874670 could increase MM susceptibility in China. Different BNIP3L rs2874670 genotypes may affect the prognosis of MM patients receiving BD chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicai Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Xie
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongping Qin
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunni Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqing Li
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhian Ling
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruolin Li
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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Lin X, Nie X, Deng P, Wang L, Hu C, Jin N. Whispers of the polycystic ovary syndrome theater: Directing role of long noncoding RNAs. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1023-1032. [PMID: 39022674 PMCID: PMC11254504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder that implicates a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including hormonal imbalance, metabolic dysfunction, and even compromised ovarian granulosa cell (GC) activity. The underlying molecular mechanisms of PCOS remain elusive, presenting a significant barrier to effective diagnosis and treatment. This review delves into the emerging role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathophysiology of PCOS, articulating their intricate interactions with mRNAs, microRNAs, and other epigenetic regulators that collectively influence the hormonal and metabolic milieu of PCOS. We examine the dynamic regulatory networks orchestrated by lncRNAs that impact GC function, steroidogenesis, insulin resistance, and inflammatory pathways. By integrating findings from recent studies, we illuminate the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers for PCOS and highlight their contribution to the disorder, offering a detailed perspective on the lncRNA-mediated modulation of gene expression and pathogenic pathways. Understanding targeted lncRNA interactions with PCOS proposes novel avenues for therapeutic intervention to ameliorate the reproductive and metabolic disturbances characteristic of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Lin
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Yan Bian University, Yanbian, Jilin, China
- Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinyu Nie
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ping Deng
- Medical Department, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Cong Hu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Yan Bian University, Yanbian, Jilin, China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Changchun, Jilin, China
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Drozdova P, Gurkov A, Saranchina A, Vlasevskaya A, Zolotovskaya E, Indosova E, Timofeyev M, Borvinskaya E. Transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to lactic acid enantiomers. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:121. [PMID: 38229303 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The model yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a popular object for both fundamental and applied research, including the development of biosensors and industrial production of pharmaceutical compounds. However, despite multiple studies exploring S. cerevisiae transcriptional response to various substances, this response is unknown for some substances produced in yeast, such as D-lactic acid (DLA). Here, we explore the transcriptional response of the BY4742 strain to a wide range of DLA concentrations (from 0.05 to 45 mM), and compare it to the response to 45 mM L-lactic acid (LLA). We recorded a response to 5 and 45 mM DLA (125 and 113 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively; > 50% shared) and a less pronounced response to 45 mM LLA (63 DEGs; > 30% shared with at least one DLA treatment). Our data did not reveal natural yeast promoters quantitatively sensing DLA but provide the first description of the transcriptome-wide response to DLA and enrich our understanding of the LLA response. Some DLA-activated genes were indeed related to lactate metabolism, as well as iron uptake and cell wall structure. Additional analyses showed that at least some of these genes were activated only by acidic form of DLA but not its salt, revealing the role of pH. The list of LLA-responsive genes was similar to those published previously and also included iron uptake and cell wall genes, as well as genes responding to other weak acids. These data might be instrumental for optimization of lactate production in yeast and yeast co-cultivation with lactic acid bacteria. KEY POINTS: • We present the first dataset on yeast transcriptional response to DLA. • Differential gene expression was correlated with yeast growth inhibition. • The transcriptome response to DLA was richer in comparison to LLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Drozdova
- Irkutsk State University, Karl-Marx Str. 1, Irkutsk, 664025, Russian Federation.
- Baikal Research Centre, Rabochaya Str. 5V, Irkutsk, 664011, Russian Federation.
| | - Anton Gurkov
- Irkutsk State University, Karl-Marx Str. 1, Irkutsk, 664025, Russian Federation
- Baikal Research Centre, Rabochaya Str. 5V, Irkutsk, 664011, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Elena Zolotovskaya
- Irkutsk State University, Karl-Marx Str. 1, Irkutsk, 664025, Russian Federation
| | - Elizaveta Indosova
- Irkutsk State University, Karl-Marx Str. 1, Irkutsk, 664025, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim Timofeyev
- Irkutsk State University, Karl-Marx Str. 1, Irkutsk, 664025, Russian Federation
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Kitaoka M, Yamashita YM. Running the gauntlet: challenges to genome integrity in spermiogenesis. Nucleus 2024; 15:2339220. [PMID: 38594652 PMCID: PMC11005813 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2339220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Species' continuity depends on gametogenesis to produce the only cell types that can transmit genetic information across generations. Spermiogenesis, which encompasses post-meiotic, haploid stages of male gametogenesis, is a process that leads to the formation of sperm cells well-known for their motility. Spermiogenesis faces three major challenges. First, after two rounds of meiotic divisions, the genome lacks repair templates (no sister chromatids, no homologous chromosomes), making it incredibly vulnerable to any genomic insults over an extended time (typically days-weeks). Second, the sperm genome becomes transcriptionally silent, making it difficult to respond to new perturbations as spermiogenesis progresses. Third, the histone-to-protamine transition, which is essential to package the sperm genome, counterintuitively involves DNA break formation. How spermiogenesis handles these challenges remains poorly understood. In this review, we discuss each challenge and their intersection with the biology of protamines. Finally, we discuss the implication of protamines in the process of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Kitaoka
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yukiko M. Yamashita
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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